Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.2 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2826 1542319 1540113 2026-05-13T21:40:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi|jina_rasmi=Jamhuri ya Ginebisau|jina_asili=''República da Guiné-Bissau'' ([[Kireno]])<br>𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮 ([[Kifulani]])<br>ߖߌߣߍ ߺ ߓߌߛߊߥߏ߫ ([[Kimandinka]])|ramani2=Guinea Bissau Base Map.png|bendera=Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg|nembo=Coat of arms of Guinea-Bissau (variant).svg|ramani=Location_Guinea_Bissau_AU_Africa.svg|kaulimbiu=<br>''Unidade, Luta, Progresso'' (Kireno)<br>"Umoja, Harakati, Maendeleo"|wimbo=<br>''[[Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada]]''<br>"Hii ni Nchi Yetu Inayopendwa Sana"|mji_mkuu=[[Bisau]]|latd=11|latm=52|latNS=N|longd=15|longm=36|longEW=W|lugha_kawaida=Takribani [[Orodha ya lugha za Guinea-Bisau|lugha 20]]|lugha_rasmi=[[Kireno]]}} '''Guinea-Bissau''' (rasmi: '''Jamhuri ya Guinea-Bissau'''; [[Kireno]]: ''República da Guiné-Bissau'') ni nchi iliyoko [[Afrika Magharibi]] inayopakana na [[Senegal]] kaskazini, [[Guinea]] kusini-mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] magharibi; kufikia mwaka 2024, ina makadirio ya idadi ya watu wapatao milioni 2.2, jambo linaloifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi ndogo kwa idadi ya watu barani Afrika, na mji mkuu pamoja na mji wake mkubwa zaidi ni [[Bissau]], huku nchi hiyo ikiwa imegawanywa katika maeneo ya kiutawala na lugha rasmi ikiwa [[Kireno]]. Guinea-Bissau ina [[hali ya hewa]] ya kitropiki na jiografia inayojulikana kwa nyanda za chini za pwani, mabwawa ya mikoko, misitu, na maeneo ya savana ya ndani. <ref name="WFB_GB_Geography">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#geography |title=Guinea-Bissau - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022253/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nchi hiyo pia inajumuisha [[Visiwa vya Bijagós]], kundi la visiwa katika [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] vinavyojulikana kwa bioanuwai na mifumo ya ikolojia ya baharini. Mvua za msimu huathiri sana kilimo na usafiri, hasa katika maeneo ya vijijini ambako miundombinu bado ni hafifu. Mito mikubwa kama [[Mto Geba]], [[Mto Cacheu]], na [[Mto Corubal]] ina nafasi muhimu katika usafiri wa ndani, uvuvi, na [[kilimo]]. <ref name="Britannica_GB_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Guinea-Bissau/The-land |author=Richard J. Lobban |title=Guinea-Bissau: The Land |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Guinea Bisau#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Guinea-Bissau]] unategemea hasa kilimo, uvuvi, na biashara ndogo ndogo. Korosho ndio zao kuu la biashara la nchi hiyo na huchangia sehemu kubwa ya mapato ya [[mauzo ya nje]] pamoja na kipato cha vijijini. <ref name="AfDB_GB_Outlook">{{cite web |url=https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/west-africa/guinea-bissau/guinea-bissau-economic-outlook |title=Guinea-Bissau Economic Outlook |website=afdb.org |publisher=African Development Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] kinaajiri sehemu kubwa ya wananchi, huku mpunga, karanga, na bidhaa za mawese pia zikichangia uzalishaji wa ndani. Nchi hiyo inakabiliwa na changamoto za kiuchumi kama ukosefu wa viwanda vya kutosha, upungufu wa miundombinu, na utegemezi wa mauzo ya bidhaa ghafi. <ref name="WorldBank_GB_Overview">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guineabissau/overview |title=Guinea-Bissau Economic Overview |website=worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Guinea-Bisau#Historia|Kihistoria]], Guinea-Bissau ilikuwa sehemu ya maeneo ya kikoloni ya [[Ureno]] katika [[Afrika Magharibi]] na baadaye ikawa kitovu cha harakati kubwa ya kupigania uhuru iliyoongozwa na Chama cha Afrika cha Uhuru wa Guinea na Cape Verde (PAIGC). <ref name="Britannica_GB_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Guinea-Bissau/History |title=History of Guinea-Bissau |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ilipata uhuru kutoka kwa [[Ureno]] mwaka 1973, ambao ulitambuliwa kimataifa mwaka 1974. Tangu uhuru, Guinea-Bissau imepitia vipindi vya mara kwa mara vya kutokuwa na utulivu wa kisiasa, vikiwemo mapinduzi ya kijeshi, serikali za mpito, na changamoto za kitaasisi zilizoathiri utawala na maendeleo ya kiuchumi. <ref name="BBC_GB_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13444402 |title=Guinea-Bissau country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> Guinea-Bissau ni jamhuri ya nusu-urais yenye [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]] vya kisiasa. Rais ndiye mkuu wa nchi, huku [[Waziri Mkuu]] akiwa mkuu wa serikali. Nchi hiyo ni mwanachama wa mashirika ya kikanda na kimataifa kama Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Nchi za Afrika Magharibi ([[ECOWAS]]), [[Umoja wa Afrika]], Jumuiya ya Nchi Zinazozungumza Kireno (CPLP), na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="WFB_GB_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |title=Guinea-Bissau - World Factbook: Government |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022253/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ushirikiano wa kimataifa na upatanishi wa kikanda umechukua nafasi muhimu katika kusaidia uthabiti wa kisiasa na mipango ya maendeleo. <ref name="UN_GB_Peacebuilding">{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/content/guinea-bissau |title=UN Peacebuilding in Guinea-Bissau |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> == Jiografia == Guinea-Bisau ni kati ya nchi ndogo sana za [[Afrika]] ikiwa na eneo la [[kilomita mraba]] 36,125; takriban 22% ni [[visiwa]] na [[bahari]]. Sehemu ya [[bara]] ni [[tambarare]]. [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Bissagos]] lenye visiwa 77 liko karibu na [[pwani]]. === Miji === [[Mji|Miji]] mikubwa zaidi ya Guinea Bisau ni: [[Bisau]] (wakazi 492,004), [[Gabú]] (wakazi 48,670), [[Bafatá]] (wakazi 37,875), [[Bissorã]] (wakazi 29,468), [[Bolama]] (wakazi 16,216) na [[Cacheu]] (14,320). == Historia == Zamani ilikuwa [[koloni]] la [[Ureno]] kwa [[jina]] la [[Guinea ya Kireno]]. Baada ya [[uhuru]] ([[1973]]/[[1974]]) jina la [[mji mkuu]] wake lilishika nafasi ya nchi tawala kuwa Guinea-Bisau kwa kusudi la kuitofautisha na nchi jirani ya Guinea na ile ya [[Guinea ya Ikweta]]. == Demografia == Wakazi walikuwa 1,515,000 mwaka [[2010]], wakati walikuwa 518,000 tu mwaka [[1950]]. === Makabila === [[Waafrika]] ni 99[[Asilimia|%]]: [[Kabila|makabila]] makubwa ni [[Wabalanta]] 30%, [[Wafulbe]] 30%, [[Wamanjaca]] 14%, [[Wamandinka]] 13%, [[Wapapel]] 7%). [[Wazungu]] na [[chotara|machotara]] ni chini ya 1%. ===Lugha=== Pamoja na [[lugha]] asilia, 32.1% za wakazi wanasema [[Kireno]] ambacho ndicho [[lugha rasmi]] na 90.4% wanatumia [[Krioli]] maalumu ya Kireno ambayo ni kama [[lugha ya taifa]] inayounganisha makabila. Lugha nyingine za kigeni zinazotumika ni [[Kifaransa]] (7%), [[Kiingereza]] (2.9%) na [[Kihispania]] (0.5%) === Dini === Takriban 46.1% ni [[Waislamu]] (hasa [[Wasuni]]), 30.6% wafuasi wa [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]], 18.9% [[Wakristo]] (hasa [[Wakatoliki]]). ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Guinea-Bisau]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Bibliografia== {{refbegin}} *Abdel Malek, K.,"Le processus d'accès à l'indépendance de la Guinée-Bissau.",In : Bulletin de l'Association des Anciens Elèves de l'Institut National de Langues et de Cultures Orientales, N°1, Avril 1998. – pp.&nbsp;53–60 * Forrest, Joshua B., ''Lineages of State Fragility. Rural Civil Society in Guinea-Bissau'' (Ohio University Press/James Currey Ltd., 2003) * Galli, Rosemary E, ''Guinea Bissau: Politics, Economics and Society'', (Pinter Pub Ltd, 1987) * Lobban, Jr., Richard Andrew and Mendy, Peter Karibe, ''Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau'', third edition (Scarecrow Press, 1997) * Vigh, Henrik, ''Navigating Terrains of War: Youth And Soldiering in Guinea-Bissau'', (Berghahn Books, 2006) {{refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons}} *[http://www.bolama.net/pt/guine-bissau-links.html Link collection related to Guinea-Bissau on bolama.net] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bolama.net/pt/guine-bissau-links.html |date=20160304115641 }} *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1043287.stm Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] *{{CIA World Factbook link|pu|Guinea-Bissau}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guineabissau.htm Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guineabissau.htm |date=20100611171908 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/248853/Guinea-Bissau/ Guinea-Bissau] at ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' *{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Guinea-Bissau}} *{{wikiatlas|Guinea-Bissau}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GW Key Development Forecasts for Guinea-Bissau] from [[International Futures]] ; Serikali *{{Official website|http://www.guinebissaurepublic.com/ }} *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guinea-bissau.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guinea-bissau.html |date=20091026201737 }} *[http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Guinea-Bissau%20Constitution.pdf Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Guinea-Bissau%20Constitution.pdf |date=20110725192938 }} *[http://portuguese-american-journal.com/guinea-bissau-prime-ministers-fate-unknow-after-apparent-military-coup-west-africa/ Guinea-Bissau: Prime Minister’s fate unknown after apparent military coup – West Africa] – Portuguese American Journal *[http://www.hnkcnews.com/2014/04/12/guinea-bissau-holds-first-post-coup-election/ Guinea-Bissau Holds First Post-Coup Election] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hnkcnews.com/2014/04/12/guinea-bissau-holds-first-post-coup-election/ |date=20160626223820 }} ;Biashara *[http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/GNB/Year/2005/Summary Guinea-Bissau 2005 Summary Trade Statistics] ; Habari *[http://allafrica.com/guineabissau/ news headline links] from [[AllAfrica.com]] ; Afya * The State of the World's Midwifery – [http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_GuineaBissau_SoWMy_Profile.pdf Guinea-Bissau Country Profile] ; Jiografia *[http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/master-thesis/ Master Thesis] {{Wayback|url=http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/master-thesis/ |date=20150804204354 }} about the developing [http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/management-and-integration-of-gi/ Geographical Information for Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/management-and-integration-of-gi/ |date=20150802002536 }} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{CPLP}} {{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Guinea Bisau| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] n7gccnv0jeg6fd7nevkv2l1bevodykz 0 3177 1542468 1394644 2026-05-14T05:10:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Kabaka Muwenda Mutebi II.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Muwenda Mutebi II]].]] '''Kabaka''' ni [[cheo]] cha [[mfalme]] wa [[Buganda]] ambayo ni [[ufalme]] ndani ya [[jamhuri]] ya [[Uganda]]. Cheo kingine pamoja na Kabaka ni [[Ssebataka]]. Tangu mwisho wa [[karne ya 19]] Makabaka wamekuwa [[Wakristo]] Wa[[anglikana]] wakipokea [[taji]] katika [[kanisa kuu]] la Kianglikana la [[Kampala]]. Makabaka wa mwisho [[mazishi|wamezikwa]] katika [[shamba la Mungu|makaburi]] ya [[Kasubi]] mjini Kampala. [[Serikali]] ya kwanza ya [[Milton Obote]] ilifuta falme zote nne za Uganda na kumlazimisha Kabaka [[Mutesa II]] kuondoka Uganda akipata kimbilio lake [[Uingereza]]. Kati ya [[1967]] hadi [[1993]] cheo cha Kabaka hakikuwepo kisheria nchini Uganda lakini Waganda wengine walisikitikia. Serikali ya [[Yoweri Museveni]] ilirudisha falme za kale kama enzi za [[utamaduni|kiutamaduni]]. Tarehe [[24 Julai]] 1993 [[Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II]] aliruhusiwa kurudi Uganda kutoka [[Uingereza]] alikokuwa amemfuata baba yake akapokea rasmi taji la Kabaka mjini Kampala. ==Makabaka wa Buganda== *[[Kintu wa Buganda|Kintu Kato]], mwisho wa [[karne ya 14]] [[BK]] *[[Chwa I wa Buganda|Chwa I]], mwanzo wa [[karne ya 15]] *[[Kimera wa Buganda|Kimera]], takriban [[1420]] - takriban [[1447]] *[[Ttembo wa Buganda|Ttembo]], takr. 1447 - takr. [[1474]] *[[Kiggala wa Buganda|Kiggala]], takr. 1474 - takr. [[1501]] *[[Kiyimba wa Buganda|Kiyimba]], takr. 1501 - takr. 1501 *[[Kayima wa Buganda|Kayima]], takr. [[1528]] - takr. 1528 *[[Nakibinge wa Buganda|Nakibinge]], takr. [[1555]] - takr. [[1582]] *[[Mulondo wa Buganda|Mulondo]], takr. 1582- mwisho wa [[karne ya 16]] *[[Jjemba wa Buganda|Jjemba]], mwisho wa karne ya 16 *[[Ssuuna I wa Buganda|Ssuuna I]], mwanzo wa [[karne ya 17]] - takr. [[1609]] *[[Ssekamanya wa Buganda|Ssekamanya]], takr. 1609 - sehemu ya kwanza ya karne ya 17 *[[Kimbugwe wa Buganda|Kimbugwe]], sehemu ya kwanza ya karne ya 17 *[[Kateregga wa Buganda|Kateregga]], takr. [[1636]] - takr. [[1663]] *[[Mutebi I wa Buganda|Mutebi I]], [[Jjuuko wa Buganda|Jjuuko]], na [[Kayemba wa Buganda|Kayemba]] takr. 1663 - takr. [[1690]] *[[Tebandeke wa Buganda|Tebandeke]] na [[Ndawula wa Buganda|Ndawula]], takr. 1690 - takr. [[1717]] *[[Kagulu wa Buganda|Kagulu]], [[Kikulwe wa Buganda|Kikulwe]] na [[Mawanda wa Buganda|Mawanda]]. takr. 1717 - takr. [[1744]] *[[Mwanga I wa Buganda|Mwanga]], [[Namuggala wa Buganda|Namugala]], na [[Kyabaggu wa Buganda|Kyabaggu]], takr. 1744 - takr. [[1771]] *[[Jjunju wa Buganda|Jjunju]] na [[Ssemakokiro wa Buganda|Ssemakokiro]], takr. 1771 - [[1797]] *[[Ssemakokiro wa Buganda|Ssemakokiro]] ''(pekee yake)'', takr. 1797 - [[1814]] *[[Kamanya wa Buganda|Kamanya]], [[1814]] - [[1836]] *[[Suna II wa Buganda|Suna II]], [[1836]] - [[1856]] *[[Mutesa I wa Buganda|Mutesa I]], [[1856]] - [[1884]] *[[Mwanga II wa Buganda|Mwanga II]], [[1884]] - [[1888]] *[[Kiwewa Mutebi II wa Buganda|Kiwewa Mutebi II]], [[1888]] - alijiita kabaka bila kukubaliwa na wote wakati wa Mwanga II kukaa nje *[[Kalema wa Buganda|Kalema]]. [[1888]] - [[1889]] - alijiita kabaka bila kukubaliwa na wote wakati wa Mwanga II kukaa nje *[[Mwanga II wa Buganda|Mwanga II]] ''(mara ya pili)'' [[1889]] - [[1897]] – aliporudi kutoka nje baada ya kuuawa kwa Kiweewa Mutebi na Kalema na wafuasi wake *[[Daudi Cwa II wa Buganda|Daudi Cwa II]], [[1897]] - [[1939]] *[[Mutesa II wa Buganda|Mutesa II]], [[1939]] - [[1969]] *Miaka bila Kabaka 1969 - 1993 *[[Muwenda Mutebi II]], [[1993]] – Kabaka aliyeko == Viungo vya nje == * ''''' en:''''' [http://www.myuganda.co.ug/categories/about/people_culture/mornachies/buganda/index.htm Maelezo maupi juu ya Buganda kwa www.myuganda.co.ug] {{Wayback|url=http://www.myuganda.co.ug/categories/about/people_culture/mornachies/buganda/index.htm |date=20040414000112 }} * ''''' en:''''' [http://www.buganda.com/ Buganda.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.buganda.com/ |date=20170505072036 }} * ''''' en:''''' [http://www.aboutuganda.com/culture.html Utamaduni wa Uganda] [[Category:Historia ya Uganda]] [[Category:Buganda]] [[Jamii:cheo]] kpr52td8z8try3bb0zmi3kggjorczfj 0 3712 1542044 1497330 2026-05-13T15:50:48Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] 1542044 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Ureno | jina_asili = ''República Portuguesa'' (Kireno)<br>''República Pertuesa'' (Kimirandese) | bendera = Flag of Portugal.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = ''A Portuguesa'' ("Mreno") | ramani = Portugal (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Lisbon]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kireno]] | lugha_taifa = Kimirandese, Lugha ya Alama ya Kireno | kiongozi1 = [[Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa]] | kiongozi2 = [[Luís Montenegro]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia ya kuundwa''' | tukio1 = Uhuru wa mkoa | tukio2 = Mkataba wa Zamora | tukio3 = Jamhuri yatangazwa | tukio1_tarehe = 24 Juni 1128 | tukio2_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1143 | tukio3_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1910 | eneo_jumla = 92,230 | cheo_eneo = 109 | maji = 1.2% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 10,639,726 | mwaka_kadirio = 2023 | msongamano = 115.4 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $536.096 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $50,037 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 41 | plt = {{increase}} $321.440 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2025 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $30,002 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 45 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 40 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.890 </br>- {{juu}} | gini = 31.9 | mwaka_gini = 2024 | fedha =[[Euro]] (€) (EUR) | majira_saa = −1 (Azores)<br>Majira ya joto: UTC+1 (WEST) | udereva = Kulia | msimbo_simu = 351 | tld = .pt }} '''Ureno''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Ureno''' (kwa [[Kireno]]: ''República Portuguesa'') ni [[nchi]] ya kusini-magharibi mwa [[Ulaya]] inayopatikana katika [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Inapakana na [[Uhispania]] upande wa [[mashariki]] na [[kaskazini]], na imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] upande wa [[magharibi]] na [[kusini]]. Nchi hii inajumuisha pia maeneo ya ng’ambo ya [[Madeira]] na [[Azores]] katika [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]]. Ureno ina eneo la takriban kilomita za mraba 92,230, na idadi ya watu inayozidi milioni 10, ikiwa ya 88 kwa idadi ya watu duniani. [[Mji mkuu]] na mji mkubwa zaidi ni [[Lisbon]]. Ureno ni [[jamhuri]] ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] inayofuata mfumo wa [[serikali]] ya nusu-rais na ina bunge linaloitwa Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembleia da República). Lugha rasmi ni [[Kireno]], na fedha inayotumika ni [[Euro]] (€). Nchi hii pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], Jumuiya ya Nchi zinazozungumza Kireno (CPLP), [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], na [[NATO]]. Ureno ina [[Ureno#Historia|historia ndefu na lenye ushawishi]] lililoundwa na makazi ya awali ya Waselti na [[Warumi]], ikifuatiwa na utawala wa Visigoth na Wamoor katika sehemu za [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/History |author=Douglas L. Wheeler |title=History of Portugal |website=Britannica |date=April 20, 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> Ufalme wa Ureno ulianzishwa katika [[karne ya 12]], na kuwa moja ya mataifa ya mwanzo kabisa barani [[Ulaya]]. Wakati wa Enzi ya Uvumbuzi katika [[karne ya 15]] na [[Karne ya 16|16]], Ureno ilijenga himaya kubwa ya baharini, ikianzisha makoloni na vituo vya biashara barani [[Afrika]], [[Asia]], na [[Amerika Kusini]]. Ushawishi wake wa kimataifa ulipungua kwa muda, lakini uliendelea kuwa nguvu ya kikoloni hadi katikati ya [[karne ya 20]]. ''Mapinduzi ya Carnation'' ya mwaka 1974 yalimaliza utawala wa kiimla na kuanzisha mfumo wa kidemokrasia. <ref name="BBC_Portugal_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17726672 |title=Portugal country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ureno]] ni uliostawi na uliotofautishwa, ukiwa na mchango mkubwa kutoka sekta ya [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[kilimo]], na [[utalii]]. [[Utalii]] ni sekta muhimu, ikisaidiwa na miji ya kihistoria, fukwe za pwani, na maeneo ya urithi wa kitamaduni. [[Viwanda]] vinajumuisha nguo, viatu, magari, uzalishaji wa cork, vifaa vya elektroniki, na usindikaji wa vyakula, huku Ureno ikiwa mojawapo ya wauzaji wakubwa wa cork duniani. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#economy |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina mchango mdogo katika [[Pato la taifa]] lakini kinajumuisha mvinyo, zeituni, matunda, na uvuvi. Nchi ni sehemu ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na hutumia [[euro]] kama sarafu yake. <ref name="OECD_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/portugal.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Portugal |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Jiografia|Kijiografia]], Ureno iko katika ukingo wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]] na ina [[tambarare]] za pwani, mabonde ya mito, na maeneo ya milima ya ndani. Mito mikuu kama [[Mto Tagus]], [[Mto Douro]], na [[Mto Guadiana]] huathiri makazi na kilimo. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/The-land |title=Portugal: The Land |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Hali ya hewa]] yake ni ya Mediterania kwa kiasi kikubwa, ikiwa na majira ya baridi ya wastani na mvua na majira ya joto ya joto na ukame, ingawa maeneo ya kaskazini ni baridi na yenye mvua zaidi. [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] huathiri sana hali ya hewa, na nchi pia inajumuisha visiwa vya volkeno vya [[Azores]] na [[Madeira]]. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Geo">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#geography |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> Kisiasa, Ureno ni jamhuri ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. [[Rais]] ni mkuu wa nchi, wakati [[Waziri Mkuu]] ni mkuu wa serikali na anaongoza tawi la utendaji. Mamlaka ya kutunga sheria iko katika Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembly of the Republic), ambalo ni bunge la chumba kimoja. Nchi ina [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]], na uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara pamoja na taasisi imara za kidemokrasia. Ureno pia ni mwanachama wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], [[NATO]], na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="Portugal_Gov_Portal">{{cite web |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/en/gc23/government/how-it-works |title=How the Government Works |website=portugal.gov.pt |publisher=Government of Portugal |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Demografia|Kidemografia]], Ureno ina zaidi ya watu milioni 10, ambapo wengi wanaishi mijini kandokando ya pwani, hasa [[Lisbon]] na [[Porto]]. <ref name="UN_Portugal_Data">{{cite web |url=https://data.un.org/en/iso/pt.html |title=United Nations Country Profile: Portugal |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kireno]], na idadi kubwa ya watu ni wa jamii moja kwa kiasi kikubwa, ingawa uhamiaji umeongezeka katika miaka ya hivi karibuni. Nchi ina idadi ya watu wanaozeeka na viwango vya chini vya uzazi, hali ambayo imeathiri sera za kijamii na kiuchumi. Utamaduni wa Ureno umeathiriwa sana na historia yake, utamaduni wa baharini, na jamii za diaspora duniani. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/People |title=Portugal: The People |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> == Jina == [[Jina]] la nchi katika [[Kiswahili]] limetokana na [[neno]] la Kireno "''o reino''" linalomaanisha "[[ufalme]]". Wasafiri na [[wapelelezi]] Wareno kama [[Vasco da Gama]] walijitambulisha kama wawakilishi wa "''Reino de Portugal''" (ufalme wa Ureno). Ni sehemu ya kwanza tu iliyoingia katika [[lugha]] ya Kiswahili. == Jiografia == [[File:Central Offshore Windfloat Atlantic - Portugal (53426345383).jpg|thumb|right|[[Jenereta la upepo|Majenereta ya upepo]] baharini huku pwani ya Ureno]] [[Umbo]] la Ureno ni kanda lenye [[upana]] wa [[kilomita]] 150 na [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] 475 upande wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Mpaka na Hispania una [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 1,214 na [[pwani]] ya Atlantiki huwa na km 1,793. Kuna sehemu mbili tofauti; hizi ni nchi upande wa kaskazini kwa [[mto Tejo]] na sehemu ya kusini. Kaskazini ina [[milima]] mingi ikiwa na [[tambarare]] katikati inayofaa kwa [[kilimo]]. Kusini kwa jumla ni tambarare pamoja na vilimavilima. [[Hali ya hewa]] ya kaskazini ni [[baridi]] kiasi na kuna [[mvua]] nyingi lakini kusini ni [[joto]] na pakavu. [[Mlima]] mkubwa ni [[Torre]] wenye [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 1,993. [[Mito]] muhimu ni Tejo, Douro (kwa [[Kihispania]] [[Duero]]) na [[Mondego]] ambayo ni mto mrefu uliopo ndani ya Ureno pekee wakati mito mingi ina [[chanzo]] katika Hispania. Bonde la Tejo ni [[kitovu]] muhimu cha kilimo. Kusini iko eneo la [[Algarve]] lililokuwa lengo la [[watalii]] wengi kutoka pande zote za Ulaya. Ureno una pia mafunguvisiwa mawili katika Atlantiki mbali na [[bara]]; hayo ni [[Madeira]] na [[Azori]]. Visiwa hivi ni sehemu ya [[Mgongo kati wa Atlantiki]] viko karibu zaidi na Afrika kuliko Ureno bara. Mlima mrefu kabisa wa Ureno ni [[Ponta do Pico]] kwenye Azori. == Historia == ===Historia ya kale=== Katika [[karne]] za [[KK]] Ureno ilikaliwa na ma[[kabila]] yaleyale ya [[Wakelti]] kama Hispania. Waroma walitaja eneo lote la Ureno na Hispania ya leo kwa jina la "[[Iberia]]". Tangu mwaka [[450 KK]] sehemu za nchi zilitawaliwa na [[Wafinisia]] wa [[Karthago]], na baada ya mwaka [[200 KK]] yote ikawa sehemu ya [[Dola la Roma]]. Baada ya kuporomoka ya Dola hilo mnamo [[470]] [[BK]] makabila ya [[wahamiaji]] wa [[Kigermanik]] walikuwa mabwana wa eneo lote. Tangu mwaka [[711]] [[Waarabu]] walivamia nchi na kuitawala. [[Vita]] vya kuwaondoa tena viliendelea kwa karne kadhaa. ===Uhuru=== Tangu mwaka [[1143]] [[mtawala]] wa eneo la mji wa [[Kale (mji)|Kale]] katika kaskazini alikuwa na uwezo wa kutosha kujitetea dhidi ya Waarabu na pia dhidi ya majirani wa eneo la Kihispania. Baada ya [[ushindi]] katika vita dhidi ya Wahispania mwaka [[1128]] Afonso I alijitangaza kuwa mtawala wa kujitegemea na baadaye alichukua cheo cha [[mfalme]]. Alitumia jina la mji Kale iliyojulikana kama "Porto Kale" (bandari ya mji wa Kale) iliyokuwa "Portokale" na baadaye "Portogale". Nchi hii ndogo ilifaulu kutunza [[uhuru]] wake hata baada ya maeneo yote mengine ya jirani kuunganishwa katika ufalme mpya wa Hispania. Nchi hii ndogo ilikuwa kati ya nchi muhimu zaidi [[dunia]]ni kwa karne mbili za [[karne ya 15|15]] na [[karne ya 16|16]]. Wafalme wake walilenga [[jitihada]] na [[nguvu]] za nchi kwa [[teknolojia]] za [[usafiri baharini]]. Wareno waliweza kuboresha [[jahazi]] zao hadi kupita nchi zote za dunia na kwa muda wakafaulu kwenda mbali. Wareno waligundua njia ya kuvuka [[rasi]] ya [[Afrika Kusini]] na kufika kwenye bandari za [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] hata [[Bara Hindi]]. Ureno ilitajirika kutokana na [[biashara]] kati ya [[India]], [[Asia]] na Ulaya. Wareno walijenga vituo kama vile ma[[boma]] ya [[Msumbiji (kisiwa)|Msumbiji]] na [[Mombasa]] ([[Kenya]]) wakiwa mabwana wa pwani ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Lakini nguvu za nchi ndogo hazikuweza kutetea haya yote. Baada ya kujitokeza kwa mataifa mengine kama vile [[Uturuki]], [[Uholanzi]], [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]], Wareno walipaswa kuwaachia maeneo mengi. Kati ya [[makoloni ya Ureno]] yalibaki hasa [[Msumbiji]], [[Angola]], [[Guinea Bisau]], [[Cabo Verde]], [[São Tomé na Príncipe]] katika [[Afrika]], [[Brazil]] katika [[Amerika ya Kusini]] (hadi [[1822]]) pamoja na maeneo madogomadogo kama [[Goa]] kwenye [[Bara Hindi]], [[Timor ya Mashariki]] katika funguvisiwa ya [[Indonesia]], mji wa [[Makao]] katika [[Uchina]]. ===Jamhuri=== Mwaka [[1910]] Ureno iliona [[mapinduzi]] ikawa [[jamhuri]]. Tangu [[1926]] hadi [[1974]] ilikuwa na serikali za ki[[dikteta]]. Baada ya mapinduzi ya 1974 Ureno iliacha makoloni yake yaliyobaki isipokuwa [[Makao]] kwa sababu [[Uchina]] haukuwa tayari kuipokea hadi [[1999]]. Ureno ikajiunga na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] mwaka [[1986]] ikaona tena [[maendeleo]] ya ki[[uchumi]] na ki[[jamii]]. ==Wakazi== [[Lugha rasmi]] na ya kawaida ni Kireno, ambayo ni kati ya [[lugha za Kirumi]]. Wananchi wengi ni [[Wakristo]], hasa [[Wakatoliki]] (81%). 3.3% ni [[Waprotestanti]]. 6.8% hawana [[dini]] yoyote. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Ureno]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://portuguese-american-journal.com/?s=portugal&x=0&y=0 News about Portugal] from the Portuguese American Journal * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|po|Portugal}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727024243/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/portugal.htm Portugal] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Portugal}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17758217 Portugal profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.theportugalnews.com/ National English language newspaper] * {{Wikiatlas|Portugal}} * [http://www.winesofportugal.info/?market=2 National Wine Website] * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/portpam.html Portuguese Pamphlets Collection] From the [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/ Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress] ; Serikali * [http://www.portugal.gov.pt/en.aspx Official Portuguese Government website] {{en icon}} / {{pt icon}} * [http://www.en.parlamento.pt/ Official Parliament website] ; Biashara * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/PRT/Year/2012/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Portugal] ; Utalii * [https://www.visitportugal.com/en Official Travel and Tourism office website] * [http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx Official Portuguese Government Travel/media website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx |date=20170724142744 }} * [http://www.portugalgolfbooking.com/ Official Portuguese Golf Travel/media website] {{Commons category|Portugal}} {{Coord|38|42|N|9|11|W|type:country|display=title}} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{CPLP}} {{Mbegu-jio-Ureno}} [[Jamii:Ureno| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] m6lbrbosv8d990g7ksq0bb10mas4p2z 1542046 1542044 2026-05-13T15:53:39Z Gayle157 73366 /* Demografia */ [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] 1542046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Ureno | jina_asili = ''República Portuguesa'' (Kireno)<br>''República Pertuesa'' (Kimirandese) | bendera = Flag of Portugal.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = ''A Portuguesa'' ("Mreno") | ramani = Portugal (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Lisbon]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kireno]] | lugha_taifa = Kimirandese, Lugha ya Alama ya Kireno | kiongozi1 = [[Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa]] | kiongozi2 = [[Luís Montenegro]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia ya kuundwa''' | tukio1 = Uhuru wa mkoa | tukio2 = Mkataba wa Zamora | tukio3 = Jamhuri yatangazwa | tukio1_tarehe = 24 Juni 1128 | tukio2_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1143 | tukio3_tarehe = 5 Oktoba 1910 | eneo_jumla = 92,230 | cheo_eneo = 109 | maji = 1.2% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 10,639,726 | mwaka_kadirio = 2023 | msongamano = 115.4 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $536.096 bilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $50,037 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 41 | plt = {{increase}} $321.440 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2025 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $30,002 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 45 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 40 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.890 </br>- {{juu}} | gini = 31.9 | mwaka_gini = 2024 | fedha =[[Euro]] (€) (EUR) | majira_saa = −1 (Azores)<br>Majira ya joto: UTC+1 (WEST) | udereva = Kulia | msimbo_simu = 351 | tld = .pt }} '''Ureno''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Ureno''' (kwa [[Kireno]]: ''República Portuguesa'') ni [[nchi]] ya kusini-magharibi mwa [[Ulaya]] inayopatikana katika [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Inapakana na [[Uhispania]] upande wa [[mashariki]] na [[kaskazini]], na imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] upande wa [[magharibi]] na [[kusini]]. Nchi hii inajumuisha pia maeneo ya ng’ambo ya [[Madeira]] na [[Azores]] katika [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]]. Ureno ina eneo la takriban kilomita za mraba 92,230, na idadi ya watu inayozidi milioni 10, ikiwa ya 88 kwa idadi ya watu duniani. [[Mji mkuu]] na mji mkubwa zaidi ni [[Lisbon]]. Ureno ni [[jamhuri]] ya [[siasa|kisiasa]] inayofuata mfumo wa [[serikali]] ya nusu-rais na ina bunge linaloitwa Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembleia da República). Lugha rasmi ni [[Kireno]], na fedha inayotumika ni [[Euro]] (€). Nchi hii pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], Jumuiya ya Nchi zinazozungumza Kireno (CPLP), [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], na [[NATO]]. Ureno ina [[Ureno#Historia|historia ndefu na lenye ushawishi]] lililoundwa na makazi ya awali ya Waselti na [[Warumi]], ikifuatiwa na utawala wa Visigoth na Wamoor katika sehemu za [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/History |author=Douglas L. Wheeler |title=History of Portugal |website=Britannica |date=April 20, 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> Ufalme wa Ureno ulianzishwa katika [[karne ya 12]], na kuwa moja ya mataifa ya mwanzo kabisa barani [[Ulaya]]. Wakati wa Enzi ya Uvumbuzi katika [[karne ya 15]] na [[Karne ya 16|16]], Ureno ilijenga himaya kubwa ya baharini, ikianzisha makoloni na vituo vya biashara barani [[Afrika]], [[Asia]], na [[Amerika Kusini]]. Ushawishi wake wa kimataifa ulipungua kwa muda, lakini uliendelea kuwa nguvu ya kikoloni hadi katikati ya [[karne ya 20]]. ''Mapinduzi ya Carnation'' ya mwaka 1974 yalimaliza utawala wa kiimla na kuanzisha mfumo wa kidemokrasia. <ref name="BBC_Portugal_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17726672 |title=Portugal country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ureno]] ni uliostawi na uliotofautishwa, ukiwa na mchango mkubwa kutoka sekta ya [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[kilimo]], na [[utalii]]. [[Utalii]] ni sekta muhimu, ikisaidiwa na miji ya kihistoria, fukwe za pwani, na maeneo ya urithi wa kitamaduni. [[Viwanda]] vinajumuisha nguo, viatu, magari, uzalishaji wa cork, vifaa vya elektroniki, na usindikaji wa vyakula, huku Ureno ikiwa mojawapo ya wauzaji wakubwa wa cork duniani. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#economy |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina mchango mdogo katika [[Pato la taifa]] lakini kinajumuisha mvinyo, zeituni, matunda, na uvuvi. Nchi ni sehemu ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na hutumia [[euro]] kama sarafu yake. <ref name="OECD_Portugal_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/portugal.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Portugal |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Jiografia|Kijiografia]], Ureno iko katika ukingo wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]] na ina [[tambarare]] za pwani, mabonde ya mito, na maeneo ya milima ya ndani. Mito mikuu kama [[Mto Tagus]], [[Mto Douro]], na [[Mto Guadiana]] huathiri makazi na kilimo. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/The-land |title=Portugal: The Land |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Hali ya hewa]] yake ni ya Mediterania kwa kiasi kikubwa, ikiwa na majira ya baridi ya wastani na mvua na majira ya joto ya joto na ukame, ingawa maeneo ya kaskazini ni baridi na yenye mvua zaidi. [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] huathiri sana hali ya hewa, na nchi pia inajumuisha visiwa vya volkeno vya [[Azores]] na [[Madeira]]. <ref name="WFB_Portugal_Geo">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/portugal/#geography |title=Portugal - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> Kisiasa, Ureno ni jamhuri ya [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais. [[Rais]] ni mkuu wa nchi, wakati [[Waziri Mkuu]] ni mkuu wa serikali na anaongoza tawi la utendaji. Mamlaka ya kutunga sheria iko katika Bunge la Jamhuri (Assembly of the Republic), ambalo ni bunge la chumba kimoja. Nchi ina [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]], na uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara pamoja na taasisi imara za kidemokrasia. Ureno pia ni mwanachama wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], [[NATO]], na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="Portugal_Gov_Portal">{{cite web |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/en/gc23/government/how-it-works |title=How the Government Works |website=portugal.gov.pt |publisher=Government of Portugal |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ureno#Demografia|Kidemografia]], Ureno ina zaidi ya watu milioni 10, ambapo wengi wanaishi mijini kandokando ya pwani, hasa [[Lisbon]] na [[Porto]]. <ref name="UN_Portugal_Data">{{cite web |url=https://data.un.org/en/iso/pt.html |title=United Nations Country Profile: Portugal |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kireno]], na idadi kubwa ya watu ni wa jamii moja kwa kiasi kikubwa, ingawa uhamiaji umeongezeka katika miaka ya hivi karibuni. Nchi ina idadi ya watu wanaozeeka na viwango vya chini vya uzazi, hali ambayo imeathiri sera za kijamii na kiuchumi. Utamaduni wa Ureno umeathiriwa sana na historia yake, utamaduni wa baharini, na jamii za diaspora duniani. <ref name="Britannica_Portugal_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/People |title=Portugal: The People |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 13, 2026 }} </ref> == Jina == [[Jina]] la nchi katika [[Kiswahili]] limetokana na [[neno]] la Kireno "''o reino''" linalomaanisha "[[ufalme]]". Wasafiri na [[wapelelezi]] Wareno kama [[Vasco da Gama]] walijitambulisha kama wawakilishi wa "''Reino de Portugal''" (ufalme wa Ureno). Ni sehemu ya kwanza tu iliyoingia katika [[lugha]] ya Kiswahili. == Jiografia == [[File:Central Offshore Windfloat Atlantic - Portugal (53426345383).jpg|thumb|right|[[Jenereta la upepo|Majenereta ya upepo]] baharini huku pwani ya Ureno]] [[Umbo]] la Ureno ni kanda lenye [[upana]] wa [[kilomita]] 150 na [[urefu]] wa [[kilomita]] 475 upande wa magharibi wa [[Rasi ya Iberia]]. Mpaka na Hispania una [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 1,214 na [[pwani]] ya Atlantiki huwa na km 1,793. Kuna sehemu mbili tofauti; hizi ni nchi upande wa kaskazini kwa [[mto Tejo]] na sehemu ya kusini. Kaskazini ina [[milima]] mingi ikiwa na [[tambarare]] katikati inayofaa kwa [[kilimo]]. Kusini kwa jumla ni tambarare pamoja na vilimavilima. [[Hali ya hewa]] ya kaskazini ni [[baridi]] kiasi na kuna [[mvua]] nyingi lakini kusini ni [[joto]] na pakavu. [[Mlima]] mkubwa ni [[Torre]] wenye [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 1,993. [[Mito]] muhimu ni Tejo, Douro (kwa [[Kihispania]] [[Duero]]) na [[Mondego]] ambayo ni mto mrefu uliopo ndani ya Ureno pekee wakati mito mingi ina [[chanzo]] katika Hispania. Bonde la Tejo ni [[kitovu]] muhimu cha kilimo. Kusini iko eneo la [[Algarve]] lililokuwa lengo la [[watalii]] wengi kutoka pande zote za Ulaya. Ureno una pia mafunguvisiwa mawili katika Atlantiki mbali na [[bara]]; hayo ni [[Madeira]] na [[Azori]]. Visiwa hivi ni sehemu ya [[Mgongo kati wa Atlantiki]] viko karibu zaidi na Afrika kuliko Ureno bara. Mlima mrefu kabisa wa Ureno ni [[Ponta do Pico]] kwenye Azori. == Historia == ===Historia ya kale=== Katika [[karne]] za [[KK]] Ureno ilikaliwa na ma[[kabila]] yaleyale ya [[Wakelti]] kama Hispania. Waroma walitaja eneo lote la Ureno na Hispania ya leo kwa jina la "[[Iberia]]". Tangu mwaka [[450 KK]] sehemu za nchi zilitawaliwa na [[Wafinisia]] wa [[Karthago]], na baada ya mwaka [[200 KK]] yote ikawa sehemu ya [[Dola la Roma]]. Baada ya kuporomoka ya Dola hilo mnamo [[470]] [[BK]] makabila ya [[wahamiaji]] wa [[Kigermanik]] walikuwa mabwana wa eneo lote. Tangu mwaka [[711]] [[Waarabu]] walivamia nchi na kuitawala. [[Vita]] vya kuwaondoa tena viliendelea kwa karne kadhaa. ===Uhuru=== Tangu mwaka [[1143]] [[mtawala]] wa eneo la mji wa [[Kale (mji)|Kale]] katika kaskazini alikuwa na uwezo wa kutosha kujitetea dhidi ya Waarabu na pia dhidi ya majirani wa eneo la Kihispania. Baada ya [[ushindi]] katika vita dhidi ya Wahispania mwaka [[1128]] Afonso I alijitangaza kuwa mtawala wa kujitegemea na baadaye alichukua cheo cha [[mfalme]]. Alitumia jina la mji Kale iliyojulikana kama "Porto Kale" (bandari ya mji wa Kale) iliyokuwa "Portokale" na baadaye "Portogale". Nchi hii ndogo ilifaulu kutunza [[uhuru]] wake hata baada ya maeneo yote mengine ya jirani kuunganishwa katika ufalme mpya wa Hispania. Nchi hii ndogo ilikuwa kati ya nchi muhimu zaidi [[dunia]]ni kwa karne mbili za [[karne ya 15|15]] na [[karne ya 16|16]]. Wafalme wake walilenga [[jitihada]] na [[nguvu]] za nchi kwa [[teknolojia]] za [[usafiri baharini]]. Wareno waliweza kuboresha [[jahazi]] zao hadi kupita nchi zote za dunia na kwa muda wakafaulu kwenda mbali. Wareno waligundua njia ya kuvuka [[rasi]] ya [[Afrika Kusini]] na kufika kwenye bandari za [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] hata [[Bara Hindi]]. Ureno ilitajirika kutokana na [[biashara]] kati ya [[India]], [[Asia]] na Ulaya. Wareno walijenga vituo kama vile ma[[boma]] ya [[Msumbiji (kisiwa)|Msumbiji]] na [[Mombasa]] ([[Kenya]]) wakiwa mabwana wa pwani ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]]. Lakini nguvu za nchi ndogo hazikuweza kutetea haya yote. Baada ya kujitokeza kwa mataifa mengine kama vile [[Uturuki]], [[Uholanzi]], [[Uingereza]] na [[Ufaransa]], Wareno walipaswa kuwaachia maeneo mengi. Kati ya [[makoloni ya Ureno]] yalibaki hasa [[Msumbiji]], [[Angola]], [[Guinea Bisau]], [[Cabo Verde]], [[São Tomé na Príncipe]] katika [[Afrika]], [[Brazil]] katika [[Amerika ya Kusini]] (hadi [[1822]]) pamoja na maeneo madogomadogo kama [[Goa]] kwenye [[Bara Hindi]], [[Timor ya Mashariki]] katika funguvisiwa ya [[Indonesia]], mji wa [[Makao]] katika [[Uchina]]. ===Jamhuri=== Mwaka [[1910]] Ureno iliona [[mapinduzi]] ikawa [[jamhuri]]. Tangu [[1926]] hadi [[1974]] ilikuwa na serikali za ki[[dikteta]]. Baada ya mapinduzi ya 1974 Ureno iliacha makoloni yake yaliyobaki isipokuwa [[Makao]] kwa sababu [[Uchina]] haukuwa tayari kuipokea hadi [[1999]]. Ureno ikajiunga na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] mwaka [[1986]] ikaona tena [[maendeleo]] ya ki[[uchumi]] na ki[[jamii]]. ==Demografia== === Lugha === [[Lugha rasmi]] na ya kawaida ni Kireno, ambayo ni kati ya [[lugha za Kirumi]]. === Dini === Wananchi wengi ni [[Wakristo]], hasa [[Wakatoliki]] (81%). 3.3% ni [[Waprotestanti]]. 6.8% hawana [[dini]] yoyote. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Ureno]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://portuguese-american-journal.com/?s=portugal&x=0&y=0 News about Portugal] from the Portuguese American Journal * {{CIA_World_Factbook link|po|Portugal}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727024243/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/portugal.htm Portugal] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Portugal}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17758217 Portugal profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.theportugalnews.com/ National English language newspaper] * {{Wikiatlas|Portugal}} * [http://www.winesofportugal.info/?market=2 National Wine Website] * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/coll/portpam.html Portuguese Pamphlets Collection] From the [https://www.loc.gov/rr/rarebook/ Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress] ; Serikali * [http://www.portugal.gov.pt/en.aspx Official Portuguese Government website] {{en icon}} / {{pt icon}} * [http://www.en.parlamento.pt/ Official Parliament website] ; Biashara * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/PRT/Year/2012/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Portugal] ; Utalii * [https://www.visitportugal.com/en Official Travel and Tourism office website] * [http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx Official Portuguese Government Travel/media website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.turismodeportugal.pt/english/TurismodeportugalIP/Pages/TurismodePortugalIP.aspx |date=20170724142744 }} * [http://www.portugalgolfbooking.com/ Official Portuguese Golf Travel/media website] {{Commons category|Portugal}} {{Coord|38|42|N|9|11|W|type:country|display=title}} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{CPLP}} {{Mbegu-jio-Ureno}} [[Jamii:Ureno| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] o29n8fk242qfyc20dagejdb53mg4bz0 0 5264 1542392 1540119 2026-05-14T01:19:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kuhusu|nchi ya sasa|nchi ya kale tazama|Uajemi ya Kale}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Irani | jina_asili = جمهوری اسلامی ایران ''Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân'' (Kifarsi) | bendera = Flag of Iran.svg | nembo = Emblem of Iran.svg | kaulimbiu = اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ ''Allāhu Akbar'' (kisheria)<br>''Uhuru, Haki, Jamhuri ya Kiislamu'' (kiutendaji) | wimbo = ''Sorud-e Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân'' | ramani = Iran (orthographic projection).svg | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Tehran]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kifarsi]] | lugha_taifa = | kiongozi1 = Nafasi Huru | kiongozi2 = [[Masoud Pezeshkian]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = Kiongozi Mkuu | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Rais]] | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = [[Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ya Irani|Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]] | tukio2 = Katiba ya sasa | tukio3 = Marekebisho ya katiba | tukio1_tarehe = 11 Februari 1979 | tukio2_tarehe = 3 Desemba 1979 | tukio3_tarehe = 28 Julai 1989 | eneo_jumla = 1,648,195 | cheo_eneo = 17 | maji = 1.63% | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 85,961,000 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | msongamano = 52 | pato_ppp = {{increase}} $1.698 trilioni | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $19,607 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 95 | plt = {{increase}} $434.243 bilioni | mwaka_pato = 2024 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $5,013 | cheo_plt_kawaida = 37 | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = 120 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.799 .</br>- {{juu}} | gini = 34.8 | mwaka_gini = 2022 | fedha = [[Rial ya Irani]] (IRR) | majira_saa = +3:30 (IRST) | udereva = Kushoto | msimbo_simu = 98 | tld = [[.ir]] }} '''Irani''' (pia '''Uajemi'''; [[jina rasmi]]: '''Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Irani''', kwa [[Kifarsi]]: جمهوری اسلامی ایران) ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Asia ya Magharibi]]. Inapakana na [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], na [[Bahari ya Kaspi]] upande wa [[kaskazini]]; [[Afghanistan]] na [[Pakistan]] [[mashariki]]; [[Iraq]] na [[Uturuki]] [[magharibi]]; [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]] na [[Bahari ya Omani]] [[kusini]]. Irani ina eneo la takriban [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] 1,648,195. Ni nchi ya pili kwa ukubwa katika [[Mashariki ya Kati]], nchi ya sita kwa ukubwa barani pa Asia, na nchi ya kumi na saba kwa ukubwa duniani. Inakadiriwa kuwa na [[idadi]] ya watu zaidi ya [[milioni]] 90 .[[Mji mkuu]] na mkubwa wa Irani ni [[Tehran]] ambao ndio pia kituo kikuu cha uchumi. Irani ina [[historia]] ndefu ya [[ustaarabu]] wa kale kama milki ya Achaemenid, [[Milki ya Wasasani|Sasani]], na imekuwa [[kitovu]] cha [[utamaduni]], [[fasihi]], na [[falsafa]] katika [[Uislamu|ulimwengu wa Kiislamu]] na kimataifa. <ref name="Britannica_Iran_Summary">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/summary/Iran |title=A brief Summary of Iran |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 10, 2026 }} </ref> Maendeleo yake ya awali yanahusisha [[Umedi|Wamedi]], [[Koreshi Mkuu]] aliyeanzisha milki ya Achaemenid, na ushindi wa [[Aleksander Mashuhuri]] katika [[karne ya 4 KK]]. Baadaye, [[Milki ya Wasasani|Wasasani]] waliifanya Irani kuwa kitovu cha ustaarabu hadi kushindwa kwao na [[Mwislamu|Waislamu]] katika [[karne ya 7]]. Baada ya hapo, Irani ikawa sehemu ya ustawi wa [[Uislamu]] ambapo kulikuwa na maendeleo makubwa ya [[hisabati]], [[falsafa]], [[tiba]], na [[sanaa]]. <ref name="UNESCO_Iran_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/countries-along-silk-road/iran-islamic-republic |title=Iran and the Silk Roads |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 10, 2026 }} </ref> Katika [[karne ya 20]], baada ya Mapinduzi ya Kikatiba (1906), Irani iligeuka kuwa ufalme wa kikatiba kabla ya Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ya 1979 yaliyoanzisha [[Jamhuri ya Kiislamu]] chini ya Ayatollah Khomeini. <ref name="CFR_Iran_Revolution">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/history-behind-irans-1979-revolution |title=Iran's 1979 Revolution |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=2024 |access-date=May 10, 2026 }} </ref> Iran ina uchumi uliogawanyika unaotegemea hidrokaboni, viwanda, [[kilimo]], na [[huduma]]. Inamiliki baadhi ya hifadhi kubwa zaidi za mafuta na gesi asilia duniani, jambo linalofanya sekta ya nishati kuwa chanzo kikuu cha mapato ya serikali na mapato ya [[mauzo ya nje]]. <ref name="OPEC_Iran">{{cite web |url=https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/161.htm |title=Iran: Member Country Profile |website=opec.org |publisher=Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }}</ref> Mbali na uzalishaji wa mafuta, Iran ina [[viwanda]] muhimu kama vile petrokemikali, utengenezaji wa magari, uchimbaji madini, uzalishaji wa chuma, na nguo. [[Kilimo]] pia bado ni muhimu katika maeneo mengi, huku mazao makuu yakijumuisha ngano, mpunga, pistachio, zafarani, na matunda. Maendeleo ya kiuchumi yameathiriwa na vikwazo vya kimataifa, mfumuko wa bei, na mabadiliko ya masoko ya nishati duniani. <ref name="WorldBank_Iran_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iran/overview |title=The World Bank in Iran: Economic Overview |website=worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }}</ref> Nchi hii inafanya kazi kama jamhuri ya [[Kiislamu]] yenye mfumo wa kisiasa unaochanganya taasisi za jamhuri na uangalizi wa kidini. Kiongozi Mkuu (Supreme Leader) ana mamlaka ya juu zaidi ya kisiasa na kidini, wakati Rais anahudumu kama mkuu wa serikali na huchaguliwa kwa kura za wananchi. Iran ina bunge la chumba kimoja linalojulikana kama Bunge la Ushauri la Kiislamu (Majlis), pamoja na taasisi kama Baraza la Walinzi na Baraza la Wataalamu. <ref name="CFR_Iran_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/irans-power-structure |author=Lindsay Maizland |title=Iran's Power Structure |website=cfr.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Nchi hii pia ni nguvu muhimu ya kikanda katika [[Mashariki ya Kati]] na ina jukumu hai katika siasa za kikanda, masoko ya nishati, na diplomasia ya kimataifa. == Historia == {{main|Uajemi ya Kale|Historia ya Irani}} ===Iran ya Kale=== Eneo la Irani ya kisasa limekuwa likiwa na wakaazi kwa maelfu ya miaka, ambapo [[ustaarabu]] wa awali kama Elam ulitokea karibu mwaka 3000 KK kusini-magharibi mwa Irani. Jamii hizi zilikuza miji changamano, mitandao ya biashara, na mifumo ya kwanza ya maandishi. Karibu [[karne ya 6 KK]], Dola la Kiajemi lilianza kudumu chini ya [[Koreshi Mkuu]], likianzisha [[Nasaba]] ya Achaemenid, ambayo ikawa moja ya milki kubwa zaidi katika historia ya kale. Dola hili lilijulikana kwa usimamizi wake makini, mitandao ya barabara pana, na kuendeleza dini ya Zoroastrian, ambayo ilichangia utamaduni, sheria, na jamii ya Kiyirani. ===Enzi za Kiislamu=== Baada ya kushuka kwa Dola la Achaemenid kwa mikono ya [[Alexander Mkuu]] mwaka 330 KK, Irani iliwekwa chini ya nasaba kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na Parthia na [[Wasassanidi|Sassanid]]. Dola la Sassanidi (224–651 BK) lilikuwa dola la mwisho la [[Uajemi|Kiajemi]] kabla ya [[Uislamu]] na lilijulikana kwa mafanikio yake katika usanifu, [[sayansi]], na [[biashara]]. Katika [[karne ya 7]], majeshi ya [[Waarabu]] [[Waislamu]] yaliushinda Irani, yalileta [[Uislamu]] na kuunganisha eneo hilo na Khilafah ya Kiislamu. Katika karne zilizofuata, Irani ilidhibitiwa na dinasti mbalimbali za [[Kiislamu]], kama Safavid katika [[karne ya 16]], ambao walianzisha [[Uislamu]] wa Shi'a Twelver kama dini ya taifa na kuunda dola la Kiajemi lenye [[utamaduni]] wa kipekee na lililojikita katikati. ===Karne ya 18 - Karne ya 20=== Enzi ya Safavid iliibuka na kufuatwa na nasaba ya Qajar katika [[karne ya 18]] na [[Karne ya 19|19]], wakati Irani ikikumbana na kupoteza ardhi kwa [[Urusi]] na [[Uingereza]] na kuongezeka kwa ushawishi wa [[Ulaya]]. Mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 20]], harakati za mageuzi ya kisiasa ziliibuka, ikiwa ni pamoja na Mapinduzi ya Katiba (1905–1911), yaliyojaribu kuanzisha mfumo wa bunge na kupunguza mamlaka ya kifalme. Baadaye, [[Reza Shah Pahlavi]] aliunda nasaba ya Pahlavi mwaka 1925, akiboresha [[miundombinu]], [[elimu]], na viwanda lakini pia akikazia utawala wa kati. Katika kipindi hiki, Irani ilipitia mabadiliko makubwa ya kijamii, maendeleo ya [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na kuanza kwa uchimbaji wa mafuta. ===Iran ya Kisasa === [[File:Shah's exit from Iran 01.jpg|thumb|Shah atoka Irani]] Mwaka 1979, Mapinduzi ya Kiiislamu yalifuta Ufalme wa Pahlavi na kuanzisha Jamhuri ya Kiislamu chini ya [[Ayatollah Khomeini]]. Mapinduzi hayo yalileta serikali ya [[dini|kidini]] ikiyunganisha mamlaka ya [[dini|kidini]] na taasisi za [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]]. Tangu wakati huo, Irani imepitia mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa, [[jamii|kijamii]], na [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], ikiwa ni pamoja na Vita vya Irani-Iraki(1980–1988), vikwazo vya kimataifa, na jitihada za kuendeleza nishati ya nyuklia. Leo, Irani ni nguvu ya kikanda yenye mfumo tata wa [[siasa|kisiasa]], urithi wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]] tajiri, na changamoto zinazoendelea katika kusawazisha kisasa, maendeleo ya [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na thamani za [[Dini za jadi|kidini za jadi]]. == Jiografia== [[File:Iran Topography.png|thumb|Topografia ya Irani]] Irani iko katika [[Asia ya Magharibi]] na ina jiografia ya asili yenye mchanganyiko mkubwa, ikijumuisha [[mlima|milima]], [[tambarare]] za juu, [[jangwa|majangwa]], na maeneo ya [[pwani]]. Inapakana na [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], na [[Turkmenistan]] upande wa kaskazini, [[Afghanistan]] na [[Pakistani]] mashariki, pamoja na [[Uturuki]] na [[Iraki]] magharibi, huku ikiwa na pwani katika [[Bahari ya Kaspi]] upande wa kaskazini na [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]] pamoja na [[Ghuba ya Oman]] kusini. Irani ina eneo la takriban kilomita za mraba milioni 1.65, jambo linaloifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi kubwa zaidi katika eneo hilo. Eneo lake la katika [[Historia ya Irani|kihistoria]] limeifanya kuwa njia muhimu ya mawasiliano na mwingiliano kati ya [[Asia]], [[Mashariki ya Kati]], na [[Ulaya]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Geography of Iran|url=https://the-lookout.org/2026/03/07/the-geography-of-iran/|publisher=The-Lookout|author=Zeke Lunder|website=www.the-lookout.org|access-date=2026-04-30}}</ref> Kimuundo wa ardhi, Irani inatawaliwa na safu za milima yenye miinuko mikubwa, hasa [[Milima ya Zagros]] upande wa magharibi na [[Milima ya Alborz]] upande wa kaskazini, ambapo [[Mlima Damavand]], kilele cha juu zaidi nchini, hufikia takriban mita 5,610. Kati ya mifumo hii ya milima kuna Tambarare ya Irani, ambayo inajumuisha mabonde makubwa ya majangwa kama Dasht-e Kavir na Dasht-e Lut. Majangwa haya ni miongoni mwa maeneo yenye ukame na joto kali zaidi duniani. Tambarare zenye rutuba hupatikana kando ya pwani ya [[Bahari ya Kaspi]] na katika baadhi ya mabonde ya mito, zikisaidia shughuli za [[kilimo]] na makazi yenye msongamano mkubwa wa watu. Irani ina [[hali ya hewa]] kwa kiasi kikubwa ya ukame hadi nusu-ukame, ikiwa na tofauti kubwa za kikanda. Maeneo ya ndani hupata majira ya joto yenye joto kali na baridi kali wakati wa majira ya baridi, ilhali eneo la pwani ya [[Bahari ya Kaspi]] lina hali ya hewa yenye unyevunyevu zaidi na mvua nyingi. Mito mikuu ya nchi ni pamoja na Karun, ambao ndio mto pekee unaoweza kupitika kwa usafiri, pamoja na mito ya Karkheh na Dez. Mito mingi ni ya msimu, na uhaba wa maji ni tatizo kubwa, hali iliyosababisha ujenzi wa mabwawa na mifumo ya umwagiliaji. Vipengele vya asili kama milima, majangwa, na pwani vina nafasi muhimu katika kuathiri makazi ya watu, kilimo, na shughuli za kiuchumi nchini Irani. == Siasa == [[Picha:Mass demonstration in Iran, date unknown.jpg|thumb|300px|Maandamano dhidi za Shah mjini Tehran, mwaka 1979]] Mfumo wa [[Siasa|kisiasa]] wa Irani una mizizi yake katika [[Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ya Irani|Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ya 1979]], ambayo yalibadilisha nchi kutoka kwenye [[Ufalme|kifalme]] chini ya Shah kuwa Jamhuri ya Kiislamu, hali ya mseto ya kifalme‑jamhuri (''hybrid theocratic‑republican state'') inayoongozwa na Kiongozi Mkuu mwenye mamlaka ya juu juu ya utendaji, [[jeshi]], mfumo wa sheria, na sera za kigeni. Muundo huu uliundwa ili kuunganisha halali ya [[dini|kidini]] na nguvu za [[serikali]], ukiwekea mipaka ushawishi wa ''Secular'' na kuingiza mamlaka ya makasisi katika taasisi zote kuu za utawala. Katika miongo iliyofuata, siasa za ndani za Irani zimekuwa zikizunguka kati ya makundi ya kihafidhina (''conservative'') yanayounga mkono kufuata kwa ukali kanuni za mapinduzi na wabunifu ''(reformists)'' wanaotafuta uhuru wa [[jamii|kijamii]] zaidi na uwazi, lakini yote ndani ya mipaka iliyowekwa na Kiongozi Mkuu na taasisi kama vile [[Kikosi cha Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]] (IRGC). Ndani ya nchi, mienendo hii imeunda jinsi nchi inavyoshughulikia shinikizo la [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], kupinga kwa umma, na harakati za marekebisho ya [[siasa|kisiasa]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Iran Country Profile|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14541327|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2026-03-01}}</ref> Sera za kigeni za Irani kwa muda mrefu zimeashiria ushindani mkubwa na [[Marekani]] na [[Israeli]], unaotokana na upinzani wa theolojia dhidi ya ushawishi wa Magharibi na kuunga mkono washirika wa kikanda wanaopinga maslahi ya [[Israeli]] na [[Marekani]]. Baada ya mapinduzi, [[Tehran]] ilikatisha uhusiano wa kidiplomasia na [[Washington]] na ikachukua mtazamo wa upinzani katika [[Mashariki ya Kati]], ambao ilijaribu kuimarisha kwa kuunga mkono makundi kama [[Hezbollah]] nchini [[Lebanon]] na milisha mbalimbali katika kanda hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Breaking Diplomatic Ties with Iran during the Hostage Crisis, 1980|url=https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/breaking-diplomatic-ties-iran-during-hostage-crisis-1980|publisher=Gilderlehrman|access-date=2026-03-01}}</ref> Juhudi za kudhibiti uhasama huu ikiwa ni pamoja na mazungumzo ya nyuklia kama Mpango wa Pamoja wa Kina wa 2015 (''2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action'') — mara kwa mara zimekwama, hasa baada ya Marekani kujiondoa kwenye mkataba huo mwaka 2018, na kusababisha ongezeko la vikwazo na mvutano wa [[jeshi|kijeshi]] kati ya waliosaini. Mwaka 2025, Irani na [[Israeli]] zilihusika katika mfululizo unaozidi wa mashambulio, mauaji, na migongano ya droni, zikibadilisha kutoka kwenye mapigano ya siri hadi chuki wazi juu ya mpango wa nyuklia wa Irani na nafasi yake kikanda. Migongano hii ilimalizika kwa shambulio kubwa la kijeshi lililoratibiwa mnamo 28 Februari 2026 lililofanywa na [[Marekani]] na [[Israeli]], lililojulikana kama Operesheni “Kikao cha Simba” ''Operation Lion’s Roar / Epic Fury'', linalolenga uongozi wa Irani, vituo vya kijeshi, na miundombinu ya kimkakati. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Operation Epic Fury and the Remnants of Iran’s Nuclear Program|url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/operation-epic-fury-and-remnants-irans-nuclear-program|publisher=CSIS|access-date=2026-03-01}}</ref>Mashambulio haya yameripotiwa kusababisha kifo cha Kiongozi Mkuu [[Ayatollah Ali Khamenei]] na maafisa wa ngazi ya juu, jambo lililosababisha Irani kuzindua mashambulio ya kulipiza kisasi kwa kutumia makombora na droni dhidi ya nafasi za [[Israeli]] na [[Marekani]] katika nchi za [[Mashariki ya Kati]]. Hii ilibadilisha mzozo kuwa wa kiwango kisichokuwa na mfano kati ya maadui wa muda mrefu, ikipanua haraka mgongano na kudhoofisha usalama wa kikanda. Ndani ya Irani, ugumu wa [[uchumi|kiuchumi]] unaoimarishwa na vikwazo na machafuko ya awali umeongeza hasira za umma na kuimarisha mgawanyiko wa [[siasa|kisiasa]], huku kupotea kwa Kiongozi Mkuu kwa namna isiyokuwa ya kawaida kukiingiza kutokuwa na uhakika katika muundo wa nguvu za nchi. Kikanda, mgongano huu umeamsha tahadhari za dharura katika mataifa ya Ghuba na kuvutia lawama kutoka kwa mashirika ya kimataifa yanayohimiza uvumilivu ili kuzuia vita vikubwa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Government and Society in Iran|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Iran/Government-and-society|author=Khosrow|access-date=2026-03-01}}</ref> == Serikali na Utawala == Uajemi ni Jamhuri ya Kiislamu inayoongozwa na [[katiba]] yenye sehemu za [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] na sehemu za kidini. [[Mamlaka]] kuu iko [[mikono]]ni mwa Kiongozi Mkuu wa Mapinduzi anayesimamia [[siasa]] ya nchi kwa jumla; yeye ni [[amiri jeshi mkuu]] na msimamizi mkuu wa [[huduma]] ya [[usalama]]; pia anaratibu siasa ya nje. Anateua wakuu wa jeshi, [[redio]] na [[televisheni]], viongozi wa [[salat]] wa [[msikiti]] mkuu katika kila [[mji]], [[jaji mkuu]] na [[mwendesha mashataka mkuu]] halafu nusu ya wajumbe wa Halmashauri ya Walinzi wa Katiba wanaokubali au kukataa sharia zote zilizopitishwa [[bunge]]ni wakiwa na mamlaka kusimamisha wagombea kwa uchaguzi wa kitaifa. Anaweza kumwachisha rais. Kiongozi mkuu huchaguliwa na Mkutano wa Wataalamu wa Uongozi kwa muda wa maisha yake. [[Ayatollah Khamenei]] ni Kiongozi Mkuu wa pili tangu mapinduzi ya Kiislamu. Serikali inayoongozwa na rais wa Uajemi aliye na nafasi ya pili baada ya Kiongozi Mkuu. Huchaguliwa na wananchi wote kwa kipindi cha miaka 4 na anaweza kuchaguliwa upya. Wagombea wanahitaji kukubaliwa na Halmashauri ya Walinzi wa Katiba. Rais anaongoza serikali na kazi yake. Katika mambo ya siasa ya nje, jeshi na siasa ya nyuklia yuko chini ya mamlaka ya kiongozi mkuu. Bunge inayoitwa "majlis" ina [[wabunge]] 290 waliochaguliwa kwa muda wa miaka 4. Wagombea wote wanahitaji kibali cha Halmashauri ya Walinzi wa Katiba. Majlis inatunga sheria za nchi na kukubali [[makisio]] ya serikali na mikataba ya kimataifa. Sheria zote zilizopita bungeni zinahitaji tena kibali cha halmashauri ya walinzi. Halmashauri ya Walinzi wa Katiba ni chombo muhimu sana kinachohakikisha mamlaka kuu ya kiongozi mkuu. Ina wajumbe 12 ambao ni [[wanasheria]]. 6 wanateuliwa moja kwa moja na Kiongozi Mkuu. 6 wengine wanachaguliwa na [[bunge]] kati ya majina wanaopelekwa mbele na jaji mkuu - anayeteuliwa na Kiongozi Mkuu. Kwa hiyo kiongozi mkuu anaamua juu ya wajumbe wote waliomo katika halmashauri hii, hakuna anayeweza kuwa mjumbe bila [[kibali]] chake ama moja kwa moja au kupitia jaji mkuu aliyeteuliwa naye. ==Mikoa== {{main|Mikoa na wilaya za Uajemi}} Uajemi umegawiwa kwa [[mikoa]] 31 inayoitwa "ostan" chini ya [[gavana]] anayeteuliwa na rais. Kila mkoa huwa na [[wilaya]] (shahrestan) na ngazi ya chini zaidi ni [[mitaa]] (bakhsh). Chini ya mitaa kuna [[kata]] (dehestan) zinazojumlisha vijiji kadhaa. ==Demografia== Irani ina mchanganyiko wa makabila na dini uliounganishwa na [[utamaduni]] na [[lugha]] ya [[Kiajemi]], ambayo inatumiwa na wananchi walio wengi na ndiyo [[lugha rasmi]], ikifuatwa na lugha nyingine za jamii ya [[Lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya|Kihindi-Kiulaya]], lakini pia za jamii nyingine kama [[Kiazeri]] (16%) na [[Kiarabu]] (2%) (angalia [[orodha ya lugha za Uajemi]]). === Dini === [[File:Isfahan Royal Mosque general.JPG|thumb|Msikiti wa Isfahan, Irani]] Uajemi ilikuwa na [[dini]] za [[Uzoroasta]] na [[Umani]], kisha kuanzia [[karne ya 4]] [[BK]] Ukristo ukaongezeka, na tangu [[karne ya 7]] [[Waarabu]] [[Uislamu|Waislamu]] waliivamia na kuifanya polepole kuwa nchi ya Kiislamu, huku katika [[karne ya 16]] [[Uislamu wa Kishia]] ukitangazwa kuwa [[dini rasmi]]. Leo takriban 90% ni Waislamu Washia, ~10% ni [[Wasunni]] hasa mipakani (wengi [[Wakurdi]], [[Wabaluchi]], [[Waturkomani]]), na ~1% ni dini nyingine zikiwemo [[Bahai]] (marufuku baada ya mapinduzi), Wakristo ([[Kanisa la Kitume la Armenia|Waarmenia]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki la Wakaldayo|Wakaldayo]]), [[Wayahudi]] (0.01%, miongoni mwa wakubwa zaidi katika [[mashariki ya kati]]), Wazoroasta (0.03%), na [[Wamandayo]] wafuasi wa [[Yohane Mbatizaji]]. == Uchumi == [[File:Tehran Skyline.jpg|thumb|[[Tehran]], Irani]] Irani ina [[uchumi]] mkubwa na wenye mchanganyiko wa sekta mbalimbali, ukiwa miongoni mwa uchumi mkubwa zaidi katika [[Mashariki ya Kati]] kwa ukubwa wa [[pato la taifa]]. Inahesabiwa kuwa uchumi wa [[Pato la taifa kwa kila mtu|kipato cha kati cha juu]] na ina sifa ya kuwa na mchanganyiko wa mashirika ya umma, biashara binafsi, pamoja na ushiriki mkubwa wa [[Irani#Serikali na Utawala|serikali]] hasa katika sekta muhimu. Irani ina baadhi ya akiba kubwa zaidi duniani ya mafuta na gesi asilia, ambazo ndizo nguzo kuu ya [[uchumi]] wake na huchangia sehemu kubwa ya mapato ya [[serikali]] na [[mauzo ya nje]]. Hata hivyo, utendaji wa uchumi wake umeathiriwa sana na vikwazo vya kimataifa, ambavyo vimeathiri biashara, uwekezaji, na upatikanaji wa mifumo ya kifedha ya kimataifa. Sekta za [[viwanda]] na huduma huchangia sehemu kubwa ya [[pato la taifa]] la Irani. Sekta ya viwanda inajumuisha petrokemikali, uzalishaji wa bidhaa, uchimbaji [[madini]], ujenzi, na utengenezaji wa magari, huku Irani ikiwa na mojawapo ya misingi mikubwa ya [[viwanda]] katika eneo hilo. Sekta ya [[huduma]], ikiwemo fedha, biashara ya rejareja, usafiri, na huduma za umma, pia ina mchango mkubwa katika ajira na shughuli za kiuchumi. [[Kilimo]], ingawa kinachangia kwa kiwango kidogo katika [[pato la taifa]], bado ni muhimu kwa ajira za vijijini na uzalishaji wa chakula wa ndani, ambapo mazao muhimu ni pamoja na ngano, mpunga, matunda, na karanga kama pistashio. [[Biashara]] ya kimataifa ya Irani inategemea zaidi mauzo ya [[nishati]], hasa mafuta ghafi, gesi asilia, na bidhaa za petrokemikali, ingawa vikwazo vimepunguza kiasi cha [[mauzo ya nje]] na upatikanaji wa masoko katika miaka ya hivi karibuni. Irani pia husafirisha bidhaa za viwandani, mazao ya kilimo, na [[madini]], huku ikiagiza mashine, vyakula, na bidhaa za matumizi. [[Serikali]] imekuwa ikitekeleza sera za kukuza mseto wa uchumi, kupunguza utegemezi wa bidhaa kutoka nje, na kuimarisha viwanda vya ndani. Licha ya changamoto kama [[mfumuko wa bei]], mabadiliko ya thamani ya sarafu, na ukosefu wa ajira, Irani inaendelea kutegemea rasilimali zake za asili, rasilimali watu, na uhusiano wa kibiashara wa kikanda kuendeleza uchumi wake. == Tazama pia == * [[Historia ya Irani]] == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Iran}} * [http://www.leader.ir/langs/en/ The e-office of the Supreme Leader of Iran] * [http://www.president.ir/en/ The President of Iran] * [http://en.iran.ir/ Iran.ir] {{Wayback|url=http://en.iran.ir/ |date=20090517064110 }} * {{CIA World Factbook link|ir|Iran}} * {{dmoz|Regional/Middle_East/Iran}} * {{Wikiatlas|Iran}} {{Asia}} [[Jamii:Irani]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Mashariki ya Kati]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 5jgn9svzrcyppwt1zsrs826nbbiu4xv 0 7259 1542580 1517851 2026-05-14T09:39:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542580 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Lg-map.png|thumb|right|330px|Ramani ya Latvia]] {{Infobox Country |native_name = ''Latvijas Republika'' |conventional_long_name = Jamhuri ya Latvia |common_name = Latvia |image_flag = Flag of Latvia.svg |image_coat = Coat of Arms of Latvia.svg |image_map = EU location LAT.png |national_motto = ''Tēvzemei un Brīvībai''<br />([[Kilatvia]]: " Kwa taifa na uhuru ") |national_anthem = ''[[Dievs, svētī Latviju!]]''<br />([[Kilatvia]]: "Mungu ubariki Latvia!") |official_languages = [[Kilatvia]] |Ethnic_groups = [[Walatvia]] 61.6%, [[Warusi]] 25.8%, [[Wabelarus]] 3,4%, [[Waukraina]] 2,3%, [[Wapoland]] 2,1%, wengine 6% |Ethnic_groups_year = 2015 |capital = [[Riga]] |latd=56 |latm=57 |latNS=N |longd=24 |longm=6 |longEW=E |largest_city = Riga |government_type = [[Demokrasia]] |leader_titles = [[Rais|Rais wa Latvia]]<br /> [[Waziri Mkuu|Waziri Mkuu wa Latvia]] |leader_names = [[Egils Levits]]<br /> [[Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš]] |accessionEUdate = [[1 Mei]] [[2004]] |area_rank = ya 124 |area_magnitude = 1 E10 |area = 64,589 |areami² = 24,937 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |percent_water = 1.5 |population_estimate = 1,973,700 <!--UN WPP--> |population_estimate_rank = ya 148 |population_estimate_year = Julai 2014 |population_census = 2,070,371 |population_census_year = 2011 |population_density = 34.3 |population_densitymi² = 88.9 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |population_density_rank = 166 |GDP_PPP = $29.214 billioni <!--IMF--> |GDP_PPP_rank = ya 95 |GDP_PPP_year = 2005 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $12,622 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = ya 53d |sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] |sovereignty_note = ''Latvia inajisikia kuendeleza jamhuri ya kwanza'' |established_events = Ilitangazwa (kutoka [[Urusi]])<br /> Ilitambuliwa <br /> Ilitangazwa <br /><small>(mwanzo wa kuachana na<br /> [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]])</small> <br /> Ilikamilishwa |established_dates = <br />[[18 Novemba]] [[1918]] <br /> [[26 Januari]] [[1921]] <br /> [[4 Mei]] [[1990]] <br /><br /><br />[[6 Septemba]] [[1991]] |HDI = 0.845 |HDI_rank = ya 45 |HDI_year = 2004 |HDI_category = <font color="#009900">high</font> |currency = [[Euro]] |currency_code = EUR |country_code = LVA |time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |utc_offset = +2 |time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |cctld = [[.lv]] ¹ |calling_code = 371 }} '''Latvia''' (kwa [[Kilatvia]]: ''Latvija'' au ''Latvijas Republika'', kwa [[Kilivonia]]: ''Lețmō'' au ''Leţmō Vabāmō'') ni [[nchi za Kibalti]] katika [[Ulaya ya Kaskazini]]. Imepakana na [[Estonia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Belarus]] na [[Urusi]]. [[Uswidi]] iko ng'ambo ya [[bahari ya Baltiki]]. [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Riga]]. Latvia ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1 Mei]] [[2004]]. == Historia == Kwa muda mrefu Estonia ilikuwa chini ya [[Wajerumani]], [[Polandi|Wapolandi]] na [[Uswidi|Waswidi]], halafu ([[1710]]) sehemu ya [[Dola la Urusi]]. Katika miaka [[1918]]-[[1940]] ilikuwa [[jamhuri]] halafu miaka 1940-[[1991]] mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Baada ya umoja huo wa majimbo 15 kusambaratika, Latvia ilijitangaza [[nchi huru]] tena. Latvia ilijiunga na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] baada ya azimio la [[Halmashauri Kuu ya Ulaya]] ya tarehe [[13 Desemba]] [[2002]] iliyokutana [[Kopenhagen]]. Katika [[kura ya maoni]] ya tarehe [[20 Septemba]] [[2003]] ni 66.9[[%]] za Walatvia wote waliokubali azimio hilo. Latvia iliingia rasmi katika Umoja wa Ulaya tarehe [[1 Mei]] [[2004]] pamoja na nchi nyingine 9 za [[Ulaya mashariki]]. ==Watu== Idadi ya watu inapungua, na sasa iko chini ya [[milioni]] 2. Wakazi wengi ni [[Walatvia]] 61.6[[%]], halafu [[Warusi]] 25.8%, [[Wabelarus]] 3,4%, [[Waukraina]] 2,3%, [[Wapolandi]] 2,1%, [[Walituania]] 1.2% na wengine 4.8%. [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kilatvia]], ambayo ni mojawapo ya [[lugha za Kibalti]]. Wananchi walipiga [[kura]] ya kukataa [[Kirusi]] kama lugha rasmi ya pili. Upande wa [[dini]], wengi (78.5%) ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, ingawa 7% tu wanashiriki [[ibada]] mara kwa mara. Hasa ni [[Walutheri]] (34.2%), [[Wakatoliki]] (24.1%) na [[Waorthodoksi]] (19.4%). [[Asilimia]] 21.1 hawana dini yoyote. == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{refbegin}} ; Latvia * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Cimdiņa |first=Ausma |author2=and Deniss Hanovs (eds.) |title=Latvia and Latvians: A People and a State in Ideas, Images and Symbols |year=2011 |publisher=Zinātne Publishers |location=Rīga |isbn=978-9984-808-83-3}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Plakans |first=Andrejs |title=The A to Z of Latvia |url=https://archive.org/details/tozoflatvia0000andr |year=2010 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham |isbn=978-0-8108-7209-7}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Ģērmanis |first=Uldis |title=The Latvian Saga |year=2007 |publisher=Atēna |location=Rīga |isbn=978-9984-34-291-7}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Bleiere |first=Daina |author2=and Ilgvars Butulis |author3=Antonijs Zunda |author4=Aivars Stranga |author5= Inesis Feldmanis |title=History of Latvia: the 20th century |url=https://archive.org/details/historyoflatvia20000unse |publisher=Jumava |location=Rīga |year=2006 |isbn=9984-38-038-6 |oclc=70240317}} * {{Rejea kitabu |author=Lumans, Valdis O. |title=Latvia in World War II |publisher=Fordham University Press |year=2006 |isbn=0-8232-2627-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPv1gjLhtZ4C&printsec=frontcover}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Plakans |first=Andrejs |title=Historical Dictionary of Latvia |edition=2nd |year=1998 |publisher=The Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham |isbn=978-0-8108-5515-1}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Plakans |first=Andrejs |title=The Latvians: A Short History |url=https://archive.org/details/latviansshorthis0000plak |year=1995 |publisher=Hoover Institution Press / Stanford University |location=Stanford |isbn=978-0-8179-9302-3}} * {{Rejea kitabu |first=Juris |last=Dreifelds |title=Latvia in Transition |url=https://archive.org/details/latviaintransiti0000drei |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-521-55537-1}} * {{Rejea kitabu |author=Rutkis, Jānis (ed.) |title=Latvia: Country & People |publisher=Latvian National Foundation |location=Stockholm |year=1967 |oclc=457313}} * {{Rejea kitabu |author=Arveds, Švābe |title=The Story of Latvia: A Historical Survey |publisher=Latvian National Foundation |location=Stockholm |year=1949 |oclc=2961684}} * {{Rejea kitabu |first=Jānis |last=Turlajs |title=Latvijas vēstures atlants |publisher=Karšu izdevniecība Jāņa sēta |location=Rīga |year=2012 |isbn=978-9984-07-614-0}} ; Nchi za Kibalti * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Plakans |first=Andrejs |title=A Concise History of the Baltic States |url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0000plak |year=2011 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge/New York |isbn=978-0-521-54155-8}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Kasekamp |first=Andres |title=A History of the Baltic States |year=2010 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=London |isbn=978-0-230-01940-9}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Jacobsson |first=Bengt |title=The European Union and the Baltic States: Changing forms of governance |year=2009 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-0-415-48276-9}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Hiden |first=John |author2=and Vahur Made |author3=David J. Smith |title=The Baltic Question during the Cold War |year=2008 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-0-415-56934-7}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=D'Amato |first=Giuseppe |authorlink=Giuseppe D'Amato |title=Travel to the Baltic Hansa&nbsp;– The European Union and its enlargement to the East (Book in Italian: Viaggio nell’Hansa baltica&nbsp;– L’Unione europea e l’allargamento ad Est) |year=2004 |publisher=Greco&Greco editori |location=Milano |isbn=88-7980-355-7 |url=http://www.europarussia.com/books/viaggio_nellhansa_baltica/travel-to-the-baltic-hansa |access-date=2016-10-17 |archive-date=2011-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516034324/http://www.europarussia.com/books/viaggio_nellhansa_baltica/travel-to-the-baltic-hansa |dead-url=yes }} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Lehti |first=Marko |author2=and David J. Smith (eds.) |title=Post-Cold War Identity Politics&nbsp;– Northern and Baltic Experiences |year=2003 |publisher=Frank Cass Publishers |location=London/Portland |isbn=0-7146-8351-5}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Williams |first=Nicola |author2=Debra Herrmann |author3=Cathryn Kemp |title=Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania |url=https://archive.org/details/estonialatvialit0000will |year=2003 |edition=3rd |publisher=Lonely Planet |location=London |isbn=1-74059-132-1}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Bojtár |first=Endre |title=Forward to the Past&nbsp;– A Cultural History of the Baltic People |year=1999 |publisher=Central European University Press |location=Budapest |isbn=978-963-9116-42-9}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Smith |first=Graham (ed.) |title=The Baltic States: The National Self-determination of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania |url=https://archive.org/details/balticstates00grah |year=1994 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |location=New York |isbn=0-312-12060-5}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Lieven |first=Anatol |authorlink=Anatol Lieven |title=The Baltic Revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and the Path to Independence |edition=2nd |year=1994 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven/London |isbn=0-300-05552-8}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Hiden |first=John |author2=Patrick Salmon |title=The Baltic Nations and Europe: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in the Twentieth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/balticnationseur0000hide_j1c1 |year=1991 |publisher=Longman |location=London |isbn=0-582-08246-3}} ; Mengineyo * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Šleivyte |first=Janina |title=Russia's European Agenda and the Baltic States |year=2010 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=978-0-415-55400-8}} * {{Rejea kitabu |last=Commercio |first=Michele E. |title=Russian Minority Politics in Post-Soviet Latvia and Kyrgyzstan: The Transformative Power of Informal Networks |url=https://archive.org/details/russianminorityp0000comm |year=2010 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-8122-4221-8}} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.riga.lt/riga Rīga Wiki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.riga.lt/riga |date=20050706073527 }} {{Sister project links|Latvia|voy=Latvia}} ; Serikali * [http://www.president.lv/?lng=en President of Latvia] * [http://www.saeima.lv/en Parliament of Latvia] * [http://www.mk.gov.lv/en/?lang=1 Government of Latvia] * [http://www.am.gov.lv/en/ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia] * [http://www.csb.gov.lv/en Statistical Office of Latvia] * [http://www.latvia.eu/ Latvian Institute] * [http://www.bank.lv/en/ Bank of Latvia] ; Taarifa za jumla * [http://www.latvia.eu/ Latvia Online] * [http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/latvia/index_en.htm European Union country profile] * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/332121/Latvia Britannica Online Encyclopedia] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1106666.stm BBC News country profile] * {{CIA World Factbook link|lg|Latvia}} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/latvia.htm Latvia] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/latvia.htm |date=20081011191805 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Latvia}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=LV Key Development Forecasts for Latvia] from [[International Futures]] ; Elimu na utamaduni * [http://www.kulturaskanons.lv/ Latvian Cultural Canon] * [http://www.kulturaskarte.lv/ Latvian Culture Map] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kulturaskarte.lv/ |date=20181121131609 }} * [http://www.kultura.lv/ Latvian Culture Portal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kultura.lv/ |date=20130118195808 }} * [http://www.latvian.lv/ Latvian Community] {{Wayback|url=http://www.latvian.lv/ |date=20160203231548 }} * [http://www.livones.net/ Livonian Culture Portal] {{Wayback|url=http://www.livones.net/ |date=20130106154311 }} * [http://www.km.gov.lv/en/ State Agency of Cultural Heritage] * [http://www.lnb.lv/en/ National Library of Latvia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lnb.lv/en/ |date=20210601140440 }} * [http://latvians.com/ Latvian Heritage] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120605110310/https://www.lmic.lv/ Latvian Music Information Centre] ; Utalii * [http://www.latvia.travel/en Official Latvian Tourism Portal] ; Ramani * {{wikiatlas|Latvia}} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Latvia| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] ayjsmxu6fd7c9bniuqujc6ci04210ms 0 8450 1542402 1514834 2026-05-14T01:50:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{for|Biblia|Israeli ya Kale}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_asili = {{lang|he|מדינת ישראל}} ([[Kiebrania]]) </br> {{lang|ar|دَوْلَةْ إِسְרَائِيل}} ([[Kiarabu]]) | jina_refu_rasmi = Dola la Israeli | common_name = Israeli | bendera = Flag of Israel.svg | nembo = Emblem of Israel.svg | ramani = Israel (centered orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani = <small><i>Eneo la Israeli na Maeneo walioteka ya Palestina </i></small> | kaulimbiu = | wimbo_wa_taifa = "[[Hatikvah]]" </br> <div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center">[[File:National Anthem of Israel (Hatikvah).ogg]]</div> | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiebrania]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Constitution for Israel |url=https://knesset.gov.il/constitution/ConstIntro_eng.htm |access-date=9 December 2023 |website=knesset.gov.il. |archive-date=4 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804001041/https://knesset.gov.il/constitution/ConstIntro_eng.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | lugha_ya_kihusishi = [[Kiarabu]]{{refn|group=fn|Arabic has a "special status" as set by the [[Basic Law: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People|Basic Law of 2018]], which allows it to be used by official institutions.<ref name=lang2>{{cite news |title=Israel Passes 'National Home' Law, Drawing Ire of Arabs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/world/middleeast/israel-passes-national-home-law.html |url-access=subscription |work=The New York Times |date=19 July 2018 |language=en |access-date=19 July 2018 |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107092323/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/world/middleeast/israel-passes-national-home-law.html%20 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=lang3>{{cite news |last1=Lubell |first1=Maayan |title=Israel adopts divisive Jewish nation-state law |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-politics-law/israel-adopts-divisive-jewish-nation-state-law-idUSKBN1K901V |work=Reuters |date=19 July 2018 |access-date=19 July 2018 |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224205808/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-politics-law/israel-adopts-divisive-jewish-nation-state-law-idUSKBN1K901V |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=lang1>{{cite web |title=Arabic in Israel: an official language and a cultural bridge |url=http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/IsraelExperience/Culture/Pages/Arabic-in-Israel--an-official-language-and-a-cultural-bridge-18-December-2016.aspx |website=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs |date=18 December 2016 |access-date=8 August 2018 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802014731/http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/IsraelExperience/Culture/Pages/Arabic-in-Israel--an-official-language-and-a-cultural-bridge-18-December-2016.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref>}} | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Jerusalem]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Foreign Ministry statement regarding Palestinian-Israeli settlement |url=http://www.mid.ru/en/foreign_policy/news/-/asset_publisher/cKNonkJE02Bw/content/id/2717182 |website=mid.ru |date=6 April 2017 |access-date=15 December 2018 |archive-date=4 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104201944/https://www.mid.ru/en/foreign_policy/news/-/asset_publisher/cKNonkJE02Bw/content/id/2717182 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Czech-Republic-announces-it-recognizes-West-Jerusalem-as-Israels-capital-517241 |title=Czech Republic announces it recognizes West Jerusalem as Israel's capital|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=6 December 2017 |access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=3 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303093750/https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Czech-Republic-announces-it-recognizes-West-Jerusalem-as-Israels-capital-517241|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Javier Milei on his first diplomatic visit to Israel as President of Argentina |url=https://www.gov.il/en/pages/javier-maili-on-his-first-diplomatic-visit-to-israel |access-date=28 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Honduras recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's capital |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/honduras-recognizes-jerusalem-as-israels-capital/ |work=The Times of Israel |date=29 August 2019 |access-date=29 August 2019 |archive-date=3 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203023556/https://www.timesofisrael.com/honduras-recognizes-jerusalem-as-israels-capital/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/mundo/2017/12/24/guatemala-se-suma-a-eeuu-y-tambien-trasladara-su-embajada-en-israel-a-jerusalen/|title=Guatemala se suma a EEUU y también trasladará su embajada en Israel a Jerusalén|trans-title=Guatemala joins US, will also move embassy to Jerusalem|website=Infobae|date=24 December 2017 |language=es|access-date=25 December 2017|archive-date=17 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417074208/https://www.infobae.com/america/mundo/2017/12/24/guatemala-se-suma-a-eeuu-y-tambien-trasladara-su-embajada-en-israel-a-jerusalen/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nauru recognizes J'lem as capital of Israel |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/268084 |work=Israel National News |date=29 August 2019 |language=en |access-date=29 August 2019 |archive-date=11 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611110231/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/268084 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/06/world/middleeast/trump-jerusalem-israel-capital.html |title=Trump Recognizes Jerusalem as Israel's Capital and Orders U.S. Embassy to Move|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 December 2017|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=17 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617225602/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/06/world/middleeast/trump-jerusalem-israel-capital.html |url-status=live}}</ref> | serikali = [[Jamhuri]] yenye [[serikali ya kibunge]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Rais]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi1 = [[Isaac Herzog]] | kiongozi2 = [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] | tukio1 = Uhuru | tukio1_tarehe = 14 Mei 1948 | kabila = 73.5% [[Wayahudi]] </br> 21.1% [[Waarabu]] </br> 5.4% Wengine | mwaka_kabila = 2025<ref name="population_stat2024">{{cite report |date=14 August 2025 |title=Population, by Population Group |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/DocLib/2025/yarhon0825/b1.pdf |work=Monthly Bulletin of Statistics |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=14 September 2025}}</ref> | eneo_jumla = 20,770 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel/#geography |title=Israel|date=27 February 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov|access-date=24 February 2023|archive-date=10 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110072816/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel#geography |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Israel country profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14628835 |website=BBC News |access-date=27 January 2021 |date=24 February 2020 |archive-date=24 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124133129/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14628835 |url-status=live }}</ref> | cheo_eneo = | maji = 2.71%<ref>{{cite web |title=Surface water and surface water change |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=OECD.Stat |publisher=OECD |url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER |archive-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER |url-status=live }}</ref> | muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka Uingereza | watu_kadirio = {{increase}} 10,009,800<ref>{{cite web |title=Time Series DataBank |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Statistics/Pages/Generators/Time-Series-DataBank.aspx?r=ea3bd53b-b8ef-4c4a-8f6f-8eb5e8cdb84f&uptodate=1 |publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=14 September 2025}}</ref> | mwaka_kadirio = 2025 | cheo_watu = 93 | watu_sensa = 9,601,720<ref>{{cite web |title=Geographic Areas – Nationwide |url=https://census.cbs.gov.il/geographic-area?search=%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%20%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99&type=%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%20%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99 |website=2022 Population Census Data |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Israel)|Central Bureau of Statistics]] |access-date=31 July 2024 |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830080248/https://census.cbs.gov.il/geographic-area?search=%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%20%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99&type=%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%20%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | mwaka_sensa = 2022 | msongamano = 454 | population_density_rank = 30th | mwaka_pato = 2025 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $565.878 bilioni<ref name="IMFWEO.IL">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Israel and the IMF |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/ISR |access-date=14 October 2025 |website=IMF |language=en}}</ref> | cheo_plt_ppp = 47 | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $55,847<ref name="IMFWEO.IL" /> | cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = | plt = {{increase}} $550.905 bilioni<ref name="IMFWEO.IL" /> | plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $54,370<ref name="IMFWEO.IL" /> | hdi = 0.915 </br> -{{juu}}<ref name="UNHDR">{{Rejea tovuti |date=6 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2025 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf |archive-date=6 May 2025 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]}}</ref> | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | cheo_maendeleo = 25 | fedha = [[Shekel Mpya ya Israeli]] (₪) ILS | majira_saa = +2 (IST) | upande_gari = Kulia | tld = [[.il]] | msimbo_simu = 972 | tanbihi = Eneo jumla la Israeli pamoja na [[Golan Heights]] na [[Jerusalem ya Mashariki]] ni 22,072 km²<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel/#geography |title=Israel|date=27 February 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov|access-date=24 February 2023|archive-date=10 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110072816/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/israel#geography |url-status=dead}}</ref> }} '''Israeli''' ([[jina rasmi]]: '''Dola la Israeli''' (kwa [[Kiebrania]]: '''מדינת ישראל''' - ''Medinat Yisra'el''; kwa [[Kiarabu]]: '''دَوْلَةْ إِسْرَائِيل''' - ''Dawlat Isrā'īl'') ni nchi iliyoko [[Magharibi]] mwa [[Asia]]. Iko katika eneo la [[Kusini]] mwa [[Mashariki ya Kati]]; na inapakana na [[Lebanoni]] na [[Syria]] upande wa [[kaskazini]], Ukingo wa Magharibi na [[Jordan]] upande wa [[mashariki]], Ukanda wa [[Gaza]] na [[Misri]] upande wa kusini-magharibi, na [[Bahari ya Mediterania]] upande wa magharibi. Israeli pia ina [[pwani]] ndogo kwenye [[Bahari ya Shamu]] kwenye ncha yake ya kusini kabisa, na sehemu ya [[Bahari ya Chumvi]] inapatikana katika mipaka yake ya mashariki. [[Mji]] wake [[mji mkuu|mkuu]] ni [[Yerusalemu]], wakati [[Tel Aviv]] ni eneo kubwa la mijini na kituo cha [[Uchumi|kiuchumi]] cha nchi hiyo. Israeli ina [[idadi]] ya wakazi takriban [[milioni]] 10, na hivyo kuwa moja ya nchi zenye [[msongamano]] mkubwa wa watu katika eneo hilo. Nchi hii inajulikana kwa kuwa na [[Kabila|makabila]] na [[dini]] mbalimbali, wakiwemo [[Wayahudi]], [[Waarabu]] ([[Mwislamu|Waislamu]] na [[Ukristo|Wakristo]]), [[Wadruzi]], na makundi mengine ya wachache. [[Kiebrania]] ni [[lugha rasmi]], huku [[Kiarabu]] kikiwa na hadhi maalumu. Mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa Israeli ni [[demokrasia]] ya [[bunge|kibunge]], ambapo Knesset ndiyo chombo cha kutunga [[sheria]] na [[Waziri Mkuu]] ndiye mkuu wa [[serikali]]. [[Uchumi|Kiuchumi]], Israeli inachukuliwa kuwa nchi iliyostawi sana, ikiwa na msisitizo mkubwa katika [[teknolojia]], [[Mvumbuzi|uvumbuzi]], na [[ujasiriamali]]. Ina sekta imara ya teknolojia ya juu, mara nyingi ikiitwa "''Taifa la Uanzishaji''" (Start-Up Nation), na inajulikana kwa [[maendeleo]] katika nyanja kama vile [[usalama wa mtandao]], [[tiba]], na [[kilimo]]. Licha ya migogoro ya kikanda na changamoto za kisiasa, Israeli inaendelea kuwa na Kielelezo cha Maendeleo ya Binadamu cha juu na uhusiano thabiti na [[mataifa]] mengi yenye nguvu [[Dunia|duniani]]. ==Historia== {{Kuu|Historia ya Israeli}} Historia ya Israeli inaenea kwa maelfu ya miaka hadi [[Mashariki ya Kati]] ya kale, ambako [[Kabila|makabila]] ya awali ya [[Kisemiti]] yaliishi katika eneo lililojulikana kama [[Kanaani]]. Kufikia [[milenia]] [[Milenia ya 1 KK|ya 1]] [[kabla ya Kristo]], [[Waisraeli]], walioshika [[imani]] ya [[Umoja wa Mungu|Mungu mmoja]] iliyokuja kuwa msingi wa [[Uyahudi]], walikuwa tayari wameanzisha [[ufalme wa Israeli]] uliogawanyika mapema. [[ufalme|Falme]] mbili za Israeli na [[Yuda (ufalme)|Yuda]] zilikuza mifumo ya kiutawala na mila za kidini zilizo tofauti. Hata hivyo, [[uhuru]] wao ulikabiliwa mara kwa mara na mashinikizo kutoka kwa himaya zenye nguvu. Ufalme wa kaskazini wa Israeli ulianguka mikononi mwa [[Waashuru]] katika [[karne ya 8 KK]], huku Ufalme wa kusini wa Yuda ukishindwa na [[Babeli|Wababeli]] katika [[karne ya 6 KK]], tukio lililoambatana na uharibifu wa [[Yerusalemu]] na [[Hekalu la Yerusalemu|Hekalu la Kwanza]] pamoja na [[Uhamisho wa Babeli|uhamisho]] wa sehemu kubwa ya wakazi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=History of the State of Israel|url=https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/israel/israeli-history|publisher=NLI|website=www.nli.org|access-date=2026-04-03|archive-date=2025-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221221802/https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/israel/israeli-history|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Brief History of Israel|url=https://www.britannica.com/summary/Israel|publisher=Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|access-date=2026-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Creation of Israel|url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/creation-israel|publisher=Department of State|website=www.state.gov|access-date=2026-04-03}}</ref> Baada ya kipindi cha uhamisho, baadhi ya [[Wayahudi]] walirejea chini ya utawala wa [[Waajemi]] na kujenga upya [[Hekalu]] huko [[Yerusalemu]]. Baadaye, eneo hilo liliathiriwa na [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi|utamaduni wa Kiyunani]] kufuatia [[ushindi]] wa [[Aleksander Mashuhuri|Aleksanda Mkuu]], na hatimaye likaangukia chini ya utawala wa [[Warumi]]. Mivutano kati ya [[Wayahudi]] na Warumi ilisababisha maasi kadhaa, yaliyofikia kilele kwa kuharibiwa kwa Hekalu la Pili mwaka [[70]] [[Baada ya Kristo|BK]] na kuanza kwa mtawanyiko mkubwa wa Wayahudi duniani. Kwa [[karne]] nyingi zilizofuata, eneo hilo lilitawaliwa na dola na falme mbalimbali, zikiwemo [[Ufalme wa Bizanti|Dola la Bizanti]], [[Khalifa|makhalifa]] wa [[Uislamu|Kiislamu]], falme za [[Vita za Misalaba|Vita vya Msalaba]], na baadaye [[Dola la Osmani]], lililodhibiti eneo hilo kuanzia mapema [[karne ya 16]] hadi mwisho wa [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]]. Katika enzi ya kisasa, kudhoofika kwa Dola la Osmani kulifungua njia kwa kuibuka kwa [[harakati]] za [[utaifa]]. Mwishoni mwa [[karne ya 19]] na mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 20]], harakati ya [[Uzayuni]] ilijitokeza, ikihamasisha kurejeshwa kwa makazi ya Wayahudi katika eneo hilo. Baada ya [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]], [[Uingereza]] ilichukua udhibiti wa eneo hilo chini ya mfumo wa [[Eneo la kudhaminiwa|mamlaka ya udhamini]], ambapo mvutano kati ya [[Wayahudi]] na [[Waarabu]] uliongezeka. Mwaka [[1948]], taifa la Israeli lilitangazwa rasmi, hatua iliyosababisha vita na nchi jirani za Kiarabu pamoja na kuhama kwa idadi kubwa ya [[Wapalestina]]. Tangu hapo, Israeli imeendelea kujijenga kama taifa la kisasa huku ikibaki [[kitovu]] cha migogoro ya kikanda na juhudi endelevu za kuleta amani. ==Demografia== === Dini === [[File:Al Aqsa mosque (cropped).jpg|thumb|Msikiti wa Al Aqsa , Israel]] Takriban 73.5% za wakazi ni [[Wayahudi]] ambao wengi wao wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Uyahudi]], na 21.1 % ni [[Waarabu]] ambao wengi ni [[Waislamu]] (18% za raia wote) lakini pia [[Wakristo]] (1.9% za raia wote: kati ya Wakristo hao karibu 80% ni Waarabu). [[Wahamiaji]] wengi wasiopata [[uraia]] (5.4%) ni Wakristo. === Lugha === [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiebrania]], huku [[Kiarabu]] kikiwa na hadhi ya pekee. [[Lugha]] nyingine zinazotumika sana nyumbani ni [[Kirusi]], [[Kifaransa]] na [[Kiamhari]], mbali ya [[Kiingereza]]. == Uchumi == Uchumi wa Israeli umeendelea sana na una [[teknolojia]] ya hali ya juu, ukijulikana kwa msisitizo mkubwa kwenye ubunifu, viwanda vya teknolojia, na [[biashara]] ya kimataifa. Tangu kuanzishwa kwake mwaka 1948, Israeli imebadilika kutoka jamii ya [[kilimo]] kuwa [[uchumi]] wa kisasa unaosukumwa na [[teknolojia]], [[huduma]], na [[kiwanda|viwanda]]. Sekta muhimu ni pamoja na [[teknolojia]] ya taarifa, usalama wa mtandao, dawa, na vifaa vya ulinzi. Nchi pia ina mauzo makubwa ya kilimo ingawa ardhi inayofaa [[kilimo]] ni chache, kwa kutumia mbinu za kisasa za umwagiliaji na bioteknolojia kudumisha tija. Israeli mara nyingi huitwa ''Nchi ya Start-Up'' kutokana na mfumo wake wa nguvu wa [[ujasiriamali]] na uwekaji mkubwa wa [[mtaji|mitaji]] ya hatari (venture capital) kwenye ''start-ups''. Vituo vikuu vya [[teknolojia]], kama [[Tel Aviv]] na [[Haifa]], vimekuwa vituo vya maendeleo ya programu, usalama wa mtandao, na [[teknolojia]] ya matibabu. [[Serikali]] inasaidia ubunifu kwa kutoa motisha za utafiti na maendeleo, huku ushirikiano wa kimataifa na mauzo ya bidhaa za [[teknolojia]] ya juu ukichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa kwenye [[Pato la Taifa]] (GDP). Biashara ni sehemu muhimu ya uchumi]wa Israeli, huku [[Marekani]], [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], na [[China]] zikiwa miongoni mwa washirika wake wakubwa wa kibiashara. Israeli inasafirisha [[bidhaa]] kama vile vifaa vya kielektroniki, [[kemikali]], na mashine, huku ikiinua malighafi na [[nishati]]. [[Utalii]] na huduma pia ni sehemu muhimu, zikileta mapato makubwa ya kigeni. Licha ya changamoto kama ukosefu wa utulivu wa kikanda na utegemezi wa uagizaji wa [[nishati]], Israeli inaendelea kuwa na [[uchumi]] thabiti wenye ubunifu mkubwa na nguvu kazi yenye ujuzi. == Siasa == [[Siasa]] za Israeli zina sifa ya [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]] ulio na ushindani mkubwa na utofauti mpana, unaoongozwa na uwakilishi wa uwiano. [[Vyama vya kisiasa]] vinawakilisha mitazamo mbalimbali ya kiitikadi, ikiwemo vyama vya mrengo wa kulia, kati, kushoto, vya [[dini|kidini]], na vya [[Waarabu]]. Hakuna chama kilichowahi kupata wingi wa moja kwa moja katika bunge la Knesset, jambo linalofanya [[serikali]] za muungano kuwa sehemu muhimu ya siasa za Israeli. Makundi makuu ya kisiasa kwa kawaida hujumuisha vyama vya utaifa na kihafidhina upande wa kulia, vyama vya kiliberali na [[jamii|kijamii]] upande wa kushoto, pamoja na vyama vya kidini ambavyo mara nyingi vina nafasi muhimu katika kuunda [[serikali]]. Mijadala ya kisiasa nchini Israeli huathiriwa sana na masuala ya usalama na mipaka, hasa mgogoro [[Waisraeli]] na [[Wapalestina]], makazi katika Ukingo wa Magharibi, na uhusiano na nchi jirani pamoja na nguvu za kikanda. Masuala mengine muhimu ni pamoja na nafasi ya [[dini]] katika [[serikali]], kama vile sheria za ndoa, [[elimu]], na msamaha wa huduma ya kijeshi kwa baadhi ya makundi ya kidini yenye msimamo mkali. Sera za uchumi, gharama ya maisha, ukosefu wa usawa wa kijamii, na mageuzi ya mfumo wa mahakama pia yamekuwa mada kuu katika mjadala wa ndani, mara nyingi yakisababisha maandamano ya umma na mgawanyiko wa kisiasa. [[Uchaguzi]] nchini Israeli hufanyika mara kwa mara kutokana na kutokuwa thabiti kwa [[serikali]] za muungano, ambapo miungano ya vyama huundwa na kuvunjika kulingana na mabadiliko ya maslahi ya kisiasa. Ushiriki wa wapiga kura huwa wa juu kwa ujumla, na wananchi hushiriki kikamilifu katika siasa katika makundi mbalimbali ya [[jamii]], wakiwemo [[Wayahudi]] na [[Waarabu]]. Siasa za Israeli pia huathiriwa na utofauti wa idadi ya watu, historia ya nchi, na mvutano wa kikanda, jambo linalosababisha mazingira ya kisiasa yenye mabadiliko ya mara kwa mara na wakati mwingine mgawanyiko, ambapo mazungumzo ya muungano na ushirikiano wa vyama ni muhimu katika uongozi wa nchi. ==Tazama pia== *[[Israeli ya Kale]] *[[Mapambano kati ya Israeli na Palestina]] *[[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == {{commons}} * {{en}} {{ar}} na {{he}} [http://www.gov.il/firstgov/english/ [[Tovuti]] ya [[serikali]]] * [http://israilgercegi.blogcu.com Israel blog] {{Wayback|url=http://www.gov.il/firstgov/english/ |date=20091103090017 }} {{Asia}} {{mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Israeli| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Mashariki ya Kati]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] g6w4c1s7bv4mzpbczadeuyjkceynab4 0 15361 1542351 1207988 2026-05-13T22:25:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542351 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harambee''' ni neno ambalo lilitungwa na hayati Mzee [[Jomo Kenyatta]] (rais wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya [[Kenya]]) ili kuwapa motisha wafanyakazi na hasa wale wanaofanya kazi nzitonzito. Harambee hutoka kwa neno la [[Kihindi]], Har Ambee, ambalo ni sifa kwa miungu wa kihindi wawape nguvu na uwezo wa kufanya kazi. Neno hili lilisikika sana wakati wahindi walitumiwa kama vibarua wa kutengeneza reli kati ya [[Nairobi]] na [[Mombasa]]. Kisha likatoholewa na mwishowe likaja kujulikana kumaanisha "tuvute pamoja" ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://boleswa97.tripod.com/chieni.htm The "Harambee Movement" in Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://boleswa97.tripod.com/chieni.htm |date=20071210173053 }} *[http://www.tikenya.org/documents/Adili37.pdf Harambe: The spirit of giving or reaping?] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tikenya.org/documents/Adili37.pdf |date=20080227160335 }} *[http://www.tikenya.org/documents/Harambee2000.doc Transparency International report on Harambee activity 2000-2002] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tikenya.org/documents/Harambee2000.doc |date=20080227160336 }} *[http://www.harambee.org/ Harambee Center] in Pasadena, CA *[http://www.vivaharambee.com/hcda/index.htm Harambee Community Development Association] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vivaharambee.com/hcda/index.htm |date=20150408105434 }} in Renton, WA {{Pan-Africanism}} {{Mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Kenya]] ensnq41rs03izlxcb53usrifko1fbdt 0 16457 1542388 1313439 2026-05-14T01:01:12Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing FNL_Flag.svg with [[File:Flag_of_the_National_Liberation_Front_of_South_Vietnam,_Flag_of_South_Vietnam_(1975–1976).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningl 1542388 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Flag of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, Flag of South Vietnam (1975–1976).svg|thumb|right|250px|Bendera ya Vietkong]] '''Umoja wa Kizalendo kwa Ukombozi wa Vietnam Kusini''' (pia: '''Vietkong''', '''NLF''') ilikuwa harakati ya kijeshi chini ya uongozi wa [[wakomunisti]] katika [[Vietnam Kusini]] iliyopinga serikali ya Vietnam Kusini pamoja na wasaidizi wake Wamarekani kuanzia 1960 hadi 1975. Ilijulikana kimataifa mara nyingi kwa kufupi cha "Vietkong" au kifupi cha Kiingereza cha "NLF" (National Liberation Front). Vietkong ilianzishwa kwa amri wa chama cha kikomunisti cha [[Vietnam Kaskazini]] mwaka 1960 kwa lengo la kuchukua utawala wa kusini ya Vietnam. Harakati mpya ulijengwa juu ya ushirikiano wa mabaki ya wapinzani wa kale dhidi ya [[ukoloni]] wa [[Ufaransa]] ambao hawakuridhiki na serikali ya Vietnam Kusini pamoja na maafisa kutoka kaskazini. Msingi huu uliwapa Vietkong vituo vingi kote Vietnam Kusini ambako walikuwa na wasaidizi na wanachama. Lakini uongozi ulikuwa mkononi mwa Vietnam Kaskazini na wakati wa vita ya Vietnam [[idadi]] ya wanajeshi kutoka kaskazini iliongezeka mfululizo. Mwishoni vikundi wa askari wa kusini walikuwa sehemu ndogo tu pamoja na vikosi vya kijeshi kutoka Vietnam Kaskazini ingawa kwa jina mapambano yote yalitekelezwa na Vietkong. Vietkong ilipigania vita ya msituni na kusababisha jeshi la [[Marekani]] kuondoka Vietnam Kusini hadi 1975. [[Jamii:Vietnam]] kfzc3zwss4b6fjba4oubwn8cv26ogbv 0 23898 1542342 1117509 2026-05-13T22:05:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542342 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image: Hakkari...Şehir.. - panoramio.jpg |thumb|300px|right| Hakkari ]] '''Hakkâri''' ni jina la mji wa mbali huko kusini-mashariki mwa nchini [[Uturuki]]. Huu ni mji mkuu wa [[Jimbo la Hakkâri]]. Hadi leo hii mji una wakazi takriban 58,145 (sensa ya mwaka wa 2000). == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.shlama.be/shlama/content/view/222/188/ Habari zaidi kuhusu mji huu] {{Wayback|url=http://www.shlama.be/shlama/content/view/222/188/ |date=20190609022351 }} {{Miji ya Uturuki}} {{mbegu-jio-Uturuki}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Uturuki]] 04uif6hfyueq8bagnv54uf37aw1wnb5 0 33122 1542332 1475638 2026-05-13T21:52:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other|Habari}} '''Habari''' (kutoka [[Kiarabu]]) ni mawasiliano ya maarifa kuhusu matukio ambayo huwasilishwa kwa watu kwa maneno ya [[kinywa]], kwa [[maandishi]] kama vile [[magazeti]], kwa [[matangazo]] ya masafa marefu kama vile [[redio]] au [[runinga]], kwa [[intaneti]] n.k. Neno hili linaweza kutumiwa pia katika [[sayansi]] kwa mawasiliano ya habari (kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''information'', si ''news'') kati ya [[seli]] za [[mwili]], kwa mfano kati ya [[mkono]] na [[ubongo]], kwa njia ya [[neva]]. == Historia ya kuripoti habari == Ukusanyaji wa habari ulipoanza, viwango vyake havikuwa vya hali ya juu vikilinganishwa na vya sasa. Ilibidi habari za kuchapishwa kuelezwa kupitia [[simu]] hadi kwenye kituo cha habari au kuletwa hapo na [[mwandishi]], ambapo [[Uchapishaji|ilipigwa chapa]] na aidha kupelekwa kutumia huduma ya [[waya]] au kuhaririwa na kuwekwa pamoja na habari nyingine za aina moja kwa toleo maalumu. Leo hii, neno "[[Mchipuko wa habari]]" limekuwa muhimu kwani huduma za matangazo na habari za amari (cable news) hutumia [[teknolojia]] ya [[satellite]] kuleta matukio ya sasa moja kwa moja majumbani mwa watumizi wa huduma hii. Matukio ambayo yalikuwa yanachukua masaa au siku kuwa maarifa ya kawaida katika [[miji]] au katika [[Taifa|mataifa]] yanaletwa moja kwa moja kupitia redio, [[televisheni]], [[simu kiini]], na intaneti. == Magazeti == Miji mingi mikubwa ilikuwa na [[magazeti]] ya [[asubuhi]] na [[alasiri]]. [[Vyombo vya habari]] viliendelea kuwa na sehemu za kusambaza habari kuongezeka hadi kukaribia kupita kiasi. Hii ilisababisha magazeti za alasiri kufungwa zisipokuwa chache. Magazeti ya asubuhi yanapoteza mzunguko, kulingana na ripoti kutoka majarida yenyewe. Kwa kawaida, habari zapaswa kuwa na taarifa [[tano]] za kawaida (nani, nini, lini, wapi, kwa nini, na pia jinsi gani?) katika tukio. Hakuna maswali ambayo yanapaswa kubaki. Magazeti kwa kawaida huandika habari nzito, kama zile zinazofungamana na [[uuaji]], [[moto]], [[vita]] na kadhalika. Ukitumia mfano wa [[piramidi]] uliogeuzwa habari muhimu ndizo zinazoanza. Wasomaji bizi wanaweza kusoma sana au kwa ufupi kulingana na shki yao. [[Stesheni]] za [[mtaa|mitaa]] na mitandao yenye miundo lazima zichukue hadithi za habari na kuzivunja katika vipengele muhimu kutokana na vikwazo vya wakati. Chaneli za habari za amari kama [[Fox News]], [[MSNBC]], na [[CNN]] zina uwezo wa kuchukua faida ya hadithi, hadithi zenye umuhimu ndogo zikitolewa mhanga, na kutoa habari zinazochipuka kwa kina. == Usawa katika habari == [[Mashirika ya habari]] mara nyingi lengo lake hutarajiwa kuwa [[usawa]]; waandishi hudai kwamba wao hujaribu kufukua pande zote za suala bila upendeleo, ikilinganishwa na watangazaji au wachambuzi, ambao hutoa [[maoni]] au dhana ya binafsi. Hata hivyo, [[serikali]] kadhaa huweka baadhi ya vikwazo au huchunguza mashirika ya habari kama yana upendeleo. Kwa mfano, nchini [[Uingereza]], mipaka huwekwa na [[wakala]] wa serikali, [[Ofcom (Office of Communications)]], ambayo ni [[ofisi]] ya Mawasiliano. Magazeti na vipindi vya matangazo ya habari nchini [[Marekani]] kwa ujumla yanatarajiwa kuepuka upendeleo isipokuwa [[makala]] yaliyodokezwa wazi. Serikali nyingi za [[chama kimoja]] zinaendesha mashirika ya habari, ambayo yanaweza kuwasilisha maoni ya serikali. Hata katika hali ambazo [[usawa]] hutarajiwa, ni vigumu kupata usawa, na waandishi wa binafsi wa habari wanaweza kuwa na upendeleo wao, au kuangukia shinikizo la [[biashara]] au la [[siasa]]. Vivyo hivyo, usawa wa mashirika ya habari zinazomilikiwa na mashirika ya conglomerate zaweza kushukiwa katika [[mwanga]] wa asili ya motisha kwa vikundi vya habari kuripoti katika njia yenye nia ya kuendeleza maslahi ya kifedha ya conglomerate. Watu binafsi na mashirika ambayo ripoti ya habari imelengwa kwao wanaweza kutumia mbinu za [[usimamizi wa habari]] kujaribu kufanya hisia nzuri. Kwa sababu kila mtu ana mtazamo fulani, inatambulika kwamba hakuwezi kuwa na usawa katika kuripoti habari. == Karama ya habari == [[Karama]] ya habari hufafanuliwa kama masuala kuwa na manufaa ya kutosha kwa [[umma]] au [[hadhira]] maalumu kuhakikisha umakini wa watazamaji. Watu wa kawaida si wa karama ya habari hadi wakutane ana kwa ana na hali isiyo ya kawaida au janga. Habari hii hugawanyisha umma katika makundi mawili; wale wachache ambao [[maisha]] yao ni ya karama ya habari na [[umati]] wa watu ambao huzaliwa, huishi na kufa bila vyombo vya habari kuwatambua hata kidogo. Daima habari hupitia masuala ambayo huvutia umakini wa watu na hutofautiana na maisha yao ya kawaida. Habari hii hutumiwa kwa uepushaji na kwa hiyo matukio ya kawaida si ya karama ya habari. Hata suala liwe [[upendo]], [[uzazi]], [[hali ya hewa]], au [[uhalifu]], ladha ya waandishi wa habari hukimbilia hali isiyo ya kawaida, ya ajabu. Suala na karama ya habari ya hadithi inategemea na hadhira, kwani wao huamua ni nini linawafanya wawe au wasiwe na nia. Wakazi wakizidi, habari ya kuripotiwa ya kimataifa pia yaongezeka, kwani kuna maslahi mapana mbalimbali yanaohusika katika uteuzi wake. Ni sehemu ya habari tu ambayo huonyesha jumla ya [[maendeleo]] [[duniani]]. == Vituo vya televisheni vya kutoa habari == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Kituo !Nchi !Lugha !Ilianzishwa !Tovuti |- | [[KTN LEO|KTN LEO]] || [[Eacu]] || [[Kiswahili]] || 2017 || [http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktnhome/video/category/2/ktn-leo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/ktnhome/video/category/2/ktn-leo |date=20161210164634 }} |- | [[Al Jazeera]] || || [[Kiarabu]] || || Live Stream http://oklivetv.com/al-jazeera-arabic-live/ {{Wayback|url=http://oklivetv.com/al-jazeera-arabic-live/ |date=20170105085137 }} |- | [[ERITV]] || [[Eritrea]] ||[[Kiarabu]], [[Kiamhari]], [[Kitigrinya]] || 2017 || http://www.eri.tv/ |- | [[Tele-Tchad]] || [[Tchad]] ||[[Kiarabu]], [[Kihausa]]||2017 ||[http://www.centraltv.fr/tchad-television/tele-tchad] {{Wayback|url=http://www.centraltv.fr/tchad-television/tele-tchad |date=20170102081753 }} |- | [[A24 news channel]] || [[Pan-African]] || || 2008 || http://www.africawebtv.com/utv-ghana-online/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.africawebtv.com/utv-ghana-online/ |date=20170108071308 }} Africa Media |- | [[Kenya Broadcasting Corporation|KBC]] || [[Eacu]] || [[Kiswahili]] || 2016 || * [http://www.kbc.co.ke/ KBC] |- | [[Africa Black Tv]] || [[Eacu]] || [[Kiswahili]], Kiarabu, Pijini(EN), Camfrancangle(FR), Kireno || 2016 || [http://int.search.tb.ask.com/search/video.jhtml?searchfor=Africa+Black+Tv++-++Habalileo&n=&qs=&ss=sub&st=site&tpr=sbt&ts=1479561394206]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |- | [[Rwanda TV]] || [[Rwanda]] || [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiswahili]], Kinyarwanda || 2017 || http://rba.co.rw/tv |- | [[Nyota TV]] || [[Congo Zaire]] || [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiswahili]] || 2016 || http://www.nyota.net/category/videos/journal-tv/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.nyota.net/category/videos/journal-tv/ |date=20161221032020 }} |- | [[Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation|ZBC]] || [[Zimbabwe]] || Kiingereza, [[Kiswahili]], [[Kishona]] || 2016 || http://www.zbc.co.zw/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.zbc.co.zw/ |date=20101227212717 }} |- |} == Tazama pia == {{wiktionary}} *[[News agency]] *[[All-news redio]] *[[Hard news &amp; Soft news]] *[[Ticker news]] *[[News analytics]] *[[Pseudo-event]] *[[Ripoti ya hali ya hewa]] == Marejeo == *Stephens, Mitchell. "The History of News - 3 Ed" Oxford University Press, New York, 2007. {{marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == *{{dmoz|News/By_Region|News media by country}} [[Jamii:Habari]] b6lkifv4pu1w2w7zqvrw5hpjeaz45y0 0 34115 1542432 1386651 2026-05-14T03:39:35Z Tx9032f99 47761 1542432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Non-fasting Beyaynetu in Yod Abyssinia 2.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Sahani hili linajumuisha Injera na aina kadhaa ya wat , ni mfano wa vyakula vya Ethiopia na Eritrea]] Vyakula vya Ethiopia kwa kawaida vina milo ya mboga ambayo ina manukato na nyama, na kwa kawaida huwa katika fomu ya ''wat'' (au ''wot'' ), [[kitoweo]] ambacho ni nzito , kinachopakuliwa juu ya Injera, mkate mkubwa wa kinyunga, ambao wapata sentimita 50 (inchi 20) katika kipenyo na umetengenezwa kutoka unga wa teff uliowachwa kukaa kwa muda mrefu (ferment). Waethiopia hula kwa mikono yao ya kulia, na hutumia vipande vya ''Injera'' kuchukua vipande vya entrées na milo ya kando Hakuna vyombo vinavyotumika. Vyakula vya kitamaduni vya Ethiopia havihusishi nyama ya aina yoyote ya nguruwe, kwani Waethiopia wengi ni [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] wa kanisa ya Orthodox, [[Waislamu]] au [[Wayahudi]], na hivyo basi wamepigwa marufuku kula nyama ya nguruwe Aidha, Kanisa ya Orthodox ya Ethiopia hupeana idadi ya vipindi vya [[kufunga]] (''tsom'' Ge'ez: ጾም ''tṣōm'' ), vinavyojumuisha siku za Jumatano, Ijumaa, na msimu nzima wa Kwaresima, kwa hivyo vyakula vya Ethiopia vina mboga nyingi (Kiamhariki: ''ye-tsom'' የጾም ''ye-Som'' , Kitigrinya: Bali-tsom ናይጾም Bali-Som). Hii imepelekea wapishi wa Ethiopia kutengeneza vyanzo vingi vya mafuta ya kupikia: pamoja na sesame na safflower, vyakula vya Ethiopia pia hutumia nug (pia yatamkwa ''noog'' , pia inajulikana kama ''mbegu ya niger'' ). Mikahawa ya Ethiopia ni chaguo maarufu kwa walaji mboga wanaoishi katika nchi za Magharibi. ==Aina ya vyakula vya Ethiopia== ''Berbere'' , ambayo ni mchanganyiko wa [[pilipili]] ya poda ya nchi ya Chile na manukato mengine (kwa kiasi fulani sawa na ile pilipili ya poda ya kusini magharibi mwa Marekani), ni "ingredient" muhimu inayotumika katika vyakula vingi. Pia muhimu ni niter kibbeh, siagi inayochanganishwa na tangawizi, vitunguu, na manukato kadhaa. ===Wat=== Vitoweo vyote vya wat huanzia vitunguu vyekundu vilivyokatwakatwa kwa kiasi kikubwa, ambavyo mpishi huvipika lakini visichemke au "sautees" katika sufuria. Mara tu vitunguu vinyookapo, mpishi huongeza niter kebbeh (au, kama ni vyakula vya vegan, huongeza mafuta ya mboga). Kufuatia hii, mpishi huongeza berbere kutengeneza ''keiy'' (Kiamhariki: ቀይ K''ey'' , Kitigrinya, Ge'ez: ቀይሕ ḳ''eyyi'' ḥ; "nyekundu")yenye manukato, ''wat'' au anaweza kuondoa berbere ili kuongeza ladha ya ''alicha wat'' au ''alecha wat '' (Kiamhariki: አሊጫ ālič̣ā). Katika tukio ambalo berbere hasa lina manukato, mpishi anaweza kuamua kuliongeza kabla ya ''kibbeh'' au mafuta ndiposa berbere liwezi kuiva kwa muda mrefu na kuwa na ladha. Mwishowe, mpishi huongeza nyama kama vile nyama ya ngombe(''siga'' , Ge'ez: ሥጋ ''śigā'' ), kuku (Kiamhariki: ዶሮ ''dōrō'' , Kitigrinya: ደርሆ ''derhō'' ), samaki (Kiamhariki: ''asa'' ), mbuzi au kondoo (Kiamhariki: ''beg'' , Kitigrinya በግዕ ''beggi'' ʕ); kunde kama vile njegere (Kiamhariki: ክክ ''kik'' , Kitigrinya: ክኪ ''kikk'' ī) zilizopasuliwa au lentils (Kiamhariki: ምስር ''misi'' r, Kitigrinya: ብርስን ''birsin'' ); au mboga kama vile viazi es (''dinich'' , Kiamhariki: ድንች ''dinič '' , Kitigrinya ድንሽ ''diniš'' ), karoti na chard (Kitigrinya: ''costa'' ). ===Tibs=== Badala ya kuandaliwa kama kitoweo (stew), nyama au mboga zaweza kusautéed ili kutengeneza ''tibs'' (pia ''tebs'' , ''t'ibs'' , ''tibbs'' , nk Ge'ez ጥብስ ''ṭibs'' ). Tibs hupakuliwa kwa njia ya kawaida au njia maalumu, "tibs maalum" hupakuliwa juu ya chakula moto pamoja na mchanganyiko wa mboga (saladi). Katikati mwa karne ya 18 mgeni kutoka Ulaya aliyeitembelea Ethiopia, Remedius Prutky, alieleza ''tibs'' kama sehemu ya nyama iliyochomwa iliyopakuliwa "kuonyesha shukrani au kuonyesha heshima kwa mtu. ===Kitfo=== Chakula kingine cha Kiethiopia ni ''kitfo'' (mara nyingi huorodheshwa kama ''ketfo'' ), ambacho kina nyama mbichi (au nadra) ya ng’ombe iliyomarinateiwa katika ''mitmita'' (Ge'ez: ሚጥሚጣ ''mīṭmīṭā'' , poda ya pilipili iliyo na manukato nyingi) na ''niter kibbeh'' . ''Gored gored'' ni sawa na ''kitfo'' sana, lakini hutumia nyama uliokatwakatwa katika vipande vya boksi badala nyama uliosagwa. ===Kiamsha kinywa=== ''Firfir'' au fitfit, (Ge'ez: ፍርፍር ''firfi'' r; ፍትፍት ''fitfit'' ) uliotengenezwa kutoka kwa vipande vya ''Injera'' pamoja na manukato, ni kiamsha kinywa cha kawaida. Kiamsha kingine maarufu ni ''dulet'' (Ge'ez: ዱለት ''dūlet'' ), mchanganiko wa manukato na "tripe"(laini ya nyama kutoka kwa ngombe,kondoo au mbuzi) , ini, nyama ya ng’ombe, na pilipili pamoja na Injera. ''Fatira'' inajumuisha pancake kubwa iliyokaagwa iliyotengenezwa kwa unga, mara nyingi huwa na safu ya yai, na huliwa kwa asali. Chechebsa (au ''kita firfir'' ) linafanana pankeki lililofunikwa na ''berbere'' na ''kibbeh'' , au manukato, na inaweza liwa kwa kijiko. ==Vinywaji== Tej ni mvinyo wa asali, sawa na Mead, ambayo mara nyingi huzolewa(serve) katika bars (hususan, katika ''tej bet'' ; Ge'ez ጠጅ ቤት ''ṭej bet'' , "nyumbani tej"). Katikal na araki ni mivinyo ambayo si ya bei ghali lakini zina nguvu. Tella ni pombe aina ya bia ambayo hutengenezwa na huzolewa katika bars, ambazo pia huitwa "buna bets" (nyumba ya kahawa). Kahawa (buna) ilianzia Ethiopia, na ni sehemu kuu ya vinywaji vya Ethiopia. Muhimu pia ni sherehe ambayo huandamana kuzolewa kwa kahawa, ambayo wakati mwingine huzolewa kutoka kwa ''jebena'' (ጀበና), mtungi wa udongo wa kahawa ambamo kahawa kuchemshwa. Katika nyumba nyingi eneo maalum la kahawa limezungukwa na nyasi, na lina samani maalum ya mtengenezaji kahawa. Sherehe iliyokamilika ina raundi tatu ya kahawa na ikiandamwa na uchomaji wa ubani. ==Mtindo wa kupakua au kuzoa== ''Mesob'' (Ge'ez: መሶብ ''mesōb'' ) ni kifuniko cha meza ambacho chakula hupakuliwa. Mesob kwa kawaida huundwa kutoka kwa nyasi zilizokauka. Ina kifuniko ambayo huwekwa juu yake hadi muda wa kula unapowadia. Kabla chakula hakijakuwa tayari, beseni ya maji na sabuni ni huletwa nje kwa ajili ya kuosha mikono. Wakati chakula kimekuwa tayari, kifuniko huondolewa kutoka kwa mesob na chakula huwekwa katika mesob. Wakati mlo umeisha, beseni ya maji na sabuni huletwa ndiposa waliokula wapate nafasi ya kunawa mikono tena. ==Milo ya Gurage== Chakula cha Gurage hutumia mmea wa uongo wa ndizi (''enset'' , Ge'ez: እንሰት ''Inset'' ), aina ya ensete. Mmea huu husiagwa na kuwekwa kwa muda mrefu(ferment) ili kutengeneza chakula kinachofanana na mkate kinachoitwa ''qocho'' au ''kocho'' (Ge'ez: ቆጮ ''ḳōč̣ō'' ), ambacho huliwa pamoja na kitfo. Mzizi wa mmea huu unaweza kusiagwa kuwa poda na kuandaliwa kama kinywaji moto ambayo huitwa ''bulla'' (Ge'ez: ቡላ ''bula'' ), ambayo mara nyingi hupewa watu ambao wamechoka au wale ambao ni wagonjwa. Njia nyingine ya kuandaa Gurage ni kahawa yenye siagi (''kebbeh'' ). Mlo mkuu wa Gurage ambao ni maarufu sana ni kitfo. ''Gomen'' kitfo ni mlo mwingine ulioandaliwa katika tukio la Meskel, likizo maarufu linaloashiria ugunduzi wa Msalaba wa kweli. Sukuma wiki (ጎመን ''gomen'' ) huchemshwa, hukaushwa na kisha hukatwa vizuri na kupakuliwa pamoja na siagi, pilipili na manukato. ==Gorsha== ''Gorsha'' ni tendo la urafiki. Kama ilivyosemwa hapo awali (juu), mtu hutumia mkono wake wa kulia kulirarua kipande cha ''Injera'' , kulibingirisha katika ''wat'' au ''kitfo'' , kisha kukiweka kipande hicho cha Injera kilichobingirishwa mdomoni. Katika mlo na marafiki, mtu anaweza kukirarua kipande cha Injera, kukibingirisha katika mchuzi, kisha kuweka kipande hicho cha Injera kinywani mwa rafikiye. Hii inaitwa ''gorsha'' , na ukubwa wa gorsha, huonyesha nguvu ya urafiki. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.ethiopianrestaurant.com/index.html Mikahawa ya Ethiopia: Worldwide Listing ] * [http://www.gonomad.com/features/0211/ethiopiafood.html Kula na kunywa nchini Ethiopia] * [http://www.globalgourmet.com/destinations/ethiopia Spicy Chakula from the Cradle of Civilization] {{Wayback|url=http://www.globalgourmet.com/destinations/ethiopia |date=20101103221740 }} * [http://www.musical-saw.com/injera.htm Injera mapishi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.musical-saw.com/injera.htm |date=20111229084333 }} Injera ni mkate wa kitamaduni wa Ethiopia * [http://www.snowlionz.com Ethiopia-aliongoza Cuisine] Ethiopian food has spawned Western counterparts {{Ethiopia topics}} {{Cuisine of Africa}} {{cuisine}} [[Category:Ethiopia]] [[jamii:Chakula]] cmmjac3i1lw8l4fyc79l15w2xup0n8j 0 35082 1542357 1355728 2026-05-13T22:45:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542357 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:pyramid of amenemhet hawarra 01.jpg|thumb|390px|Piramidi ya [[Amenemhet III]] katika Hawara, Kutoka upande wa Mashariki]] '''Hawara''' ni eneo la kihistoria katika [[Misri ya Kale]] lililopo kusini mwa [[Crocodilopolis]] (Arsinoe) kuelekea katika mteremko wa Oasisi ya [[Al Fayyum|Fayyum]]. Mgunduzi wa kwanza wa eneo hili alikuwa [[Karl Richard Lepsius|Karl Lepsius]], mnamo mwaka 1843. [[William Flinders Petrie]], alifika katika eneo hili kwa ajili ya uchunguzi mwaka 1888, pia walikuta karatasi za Mafunjo zilizotengenezwa na Wamisri ya karne ya kwanza na ya pili.Kwa Upande wa kaskazini mwa Piramid, kulikuwa na sehemu kubwa iliyokuwa na taswira za majeneza 146, iliyokuwa inakadiriwa kuwa katika eneo hilo tangu kipindi cha watu kutika [[Roma]]. Hii ikijulikana kuwa moja kati ya moja ya michoro ya zamani za kale iliyochorwa katika vitaby vya Roma [[Amenemhet III]] aliyekuwa ndiye mtawala wa kinasaba mwenye nguvu zaidi wa [[Misri]] katika karne ya 12. Na pia lijenga piramidi katika eneo hili la Hawara. anasemekana kubadilisha tarehe za "Piramidi Nyeusi" iliyojengwa na yeye mwenyewe katika eneo la [[Dahshur]]. Katika eneo hili ndipo panaaminika kuwa ndiye sehemu aliyozikwa mtawala huyu. Pia katika eneo la Hawara ndipo kuna kaburi la Mtoto wa kike wa Amenemhet III aliyeitwa [[Neferu-Ptah]], Kaburi hili lilipatika kiasi cha kilometa 2, kusini mwa piramidi la Mfalme. [[Image:Amenemhat III Musee du Caire.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Amenemhet III]] katika hekalu lake alilozikiwa katika makumbusho ya [[Cairo]] Misri]] Katika hali ya kawaida, katika kipindi cha kati cha uongozi wa kifalme wa [[Misri]] Piramidi zilizojengwa baada taya [[Amenemhet II]], ilikuwa ikijengwa kwa kutumia matope na mbao.Katika piramid hizo pia kulikuwa na sehemu kwa ajili ta kuzikia. Majengo mengine yaliyojengwa na mawe. Hii ikiwa ni staili ya kujenga ambayo hadi sasa hutumika katika majengo mengi nchini [[Misri]]. Hii leo, Piramidi nyingi zilizojengwa kwa kutumia matope na mbao yanaonekana kuharibika kutokana na mvua. Wakati wa kuingia, kuna ngazi zinazoteremsha na kuingia katika chumba kidogo, na mbele kidogo kuna korido inayoingia ndani zaidi,. Juu ya korido hili kuna mlango wa kusukuma wenye uzito wa tani 20. kama mwizi akiwa anaingia katika jumba hili, baada ya kutoa mlango huu wa tani 20, mbele kidogo angekutana na mlango uliojengwa na kuni na matope mwizi huyo angehisi kuwa, alikuwa akipoteza muda kutoa mlango na hapo kutakuwa na uwezekano mkubwa wa kukamatwa a walinzi. Katika jumba hili ,kuna aina mbalimbali za ulinzi, lakini Pertie alikutahakuna haya mlango mmoja uliokuwa umefungwa, hii ikiwa na ile milango yenye uzitp wa tani kadhaa lakini hata ile milango ya miti. Hii inaweza ikiwa inaonesha uzembe wle waliofanya mazishi katika majumba hayo au pengine ni kutokana na kuwa na mategemeo ya kurudi hapo badae katika piramidi, au pengine ni nia ya makusudi ya kuwezesha wizi katika katika malkaburi, lakini kwa hali yote bado hakuna ushahidi wa kutosha kuhakikisha haya yote. Sehemu ya mazishi ilikuwa imetengenezwa kwa kutumia nguzo ya jiwe, ambayo ilikuwa imeshushwa katika shimo ndani ya piramidi hiyo. Nguzo hii ilikuwa na uzito upatao tani 110 kwa mujibu wa Petrie. Maraba wa matofali ulipitishwa juu ya nguzo hii yam mawe na kuinua paa la sehemu hiyo na kufunikwa na vibamba vyenye kiasi cha uzito wa tani 45, .<ref>Edwards, Dr. I.E.S.: The Pyramids of Egypt 1986/1947 p. 237-240</ref><ref>http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/amenemhet3hp.htm</ref><ref>Siliotti, Alberto, Zahi Hawass, 1997 "Guide to the Pyramids of Egypt"</ref> Njia ya kuingia katika piramidi hii leo imefurika na maji yenye kina cha mita sita, hii ni kutokana na maji kutoka katika mfreji wa Bahr el-Yusuf (Joseph's Canal) ambao unatiririka katika njia mbili na kupita katika mita 30 ndani ya piramidi. [[Image:Hawara MoS 1911.210.1.JPG|thumb|right|Petrie hazina iliyozikwa mwaka 1911]] Haekalu la kuekea maiti ambalo awali lilikuwa limesimama mkabala na piramidi hili, linaonekana kuwa, ndilo jengo lenye michoro mizuri inayojulikana kama "labyrinth" ilichorwa na [[Herodotus]] na pia imetajwa na [[Strabo]] na [[Diodorus Siculus]]. Malkia [[Sobekneferu]] wa ufalme wa [[Misri]] wa kumi na mbili, amajenga katika eneo hili. Jina la malikia huyu linaamisha "[[Sobek]] nzuri kuliko yote",. Moja kati ya ugunduzi uliofanywa na Flinders Petriealiweza kugundua nyaraka zmbalimbali, nyingine zikiwa zimeviringishwa. Na pia kuna nyingine ambazo zinatokeze katika kitabu cha ''[[Iliad]]'' toleo la kwanza na la pili. ==Tazama pia== *[[Piramidi za Giza]] ==Marejeo== <references /> ==Viungo vya Nje== *[http://www.ancient-egypt.org/topography/hawara/ Monuments and Sites of Ancient Egypt:] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ancient-egypt.org/topography/hawara/ |date=20050126101004 }} Hawara *[http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Hawara.html Ancient Hawara] {{Wayback|url=http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Hawara.html |date=20180208182750 }} *[http://www.ucl.ac.uk/GrandLat/hawara/ The Hawara Papyri] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/GrandLat/hawara/ |date=20080612041754 }} *[http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/digital_egypt/hawara/ The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, University College London: A Virtual Exploration of the Lost Labyrinth] {{Wayback|url=http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/digital_egypt/hawara/ |date=20051126010000 }} {{mbegu-historia}} [[Jamii:Majengo ya Misri]] [[Jamii:Makumbusho ya Misri]] odmx17o8wn3s5k67k2n8f79bsuhig9f 0 37047 1542576 1517450 2026-05-14T08:54:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542576 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Guadeloupe creole 2010-03-30.JPG|thumb|Bango barabarani likitumia krioli ya [[Guadeloupe]].]] '''Krioli''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''creole language'') ni jina la kutaja [[lugha]] yoyote<ref>[http://semantics.uchicago.edu/kennedy/classes/sum07/myths/creoles.pdf The study of pidgin and creole languages]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://euljss.eul.edu.tr/euljss/si526.pdf |title=Language varieties: Pidgins and creoles |accessdate=2019-10-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712173017/http://euljss.eul.edu.tr/euljss/si526.pdf |archivedate=2018-07-12 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~jcgood/jcgood-JPCL.pdf Typologizing grammatical complexities, or Why creoles may be paradigmatically simple but syntagmatically average]</ref> iliyokua kutokana na lugha mbili au zaidi kukutana na kuingiliana. Hivyo inatokana na matumizi ya [[pijini]] kwa muda mrefu, yaani ni pijini iliyokua na kupata wasemaji wake asilia. Hivyo basi hapawezi kuwa na krioli pasipokuwa na pijini kwanza. Kuna lugha za Krioli nyingi [[duniani]]. Lugha hizo huwa na miundo changamano. Pia zina [[msamiati]] mwingi kutoka lugha mbalimbali, jambo linaloitofautisha pakubwa na lugha asilia. [[Idadi]] ya lugha za aina hiyo ni walau 100, na nyingi kati yake zimetokana na lugha za [[Ulaya]]. Krioli kubwa zaidi ni ile ya [[Haiti]], yenye wasemaji zaidi ya [[milioni]] 10<ref>{{cite web|last1=Valdman|first1=Albert|title=Creole: The national language of Haiti|url=http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html|website=www.indiana.edu|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archivedate=2015-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626233455/http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html}}</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Pijini na krioli]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category|Creole languages}} * [https://kreolmagazine.com/ International Magazine Kreol] {{Wayback|url=https://kreolmagazine.com/ |date=20231225092646 }} * [http://www.acblpe.com/en Association of Portuguese and Spanish Lexically-based Creoles] * [http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/index.html Language Varieties] * [http://www.odlt.org/ballast/creole.html Creole definition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.odlt.org/ballast/creole.html |date=20190924003940 }} at the Online Dictionary of Language Terminology (ODLT) * [http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ Louisiana Creole Dictionary] {{Wayback|url=http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ |date=20190929115406 }} * [https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home Society for Pidgin & Creole Linguistics] {{Wayback|url=https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home |date=20201011105330 }} {{mbegu-lugha}} [[Jamii:Lugha]] [[Jamii:Krioli]] asdr2ey9v6j0jev6infgykjsd3q7zkt 10 59199 1542389 913815 2026-05-14T01:01:38Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing FNL_Flag.svg with [[File:Flag_of_the_National_Liberation_Front_of_South_Vietnam,_Flag_of_South_Vietnam_(1975–1976).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]] (meaningl 1542389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = South Vietnam | flag alias = Flag of South Vietnam.svg | flag alias-PRG = Flag of the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, Flag of South Vietnam (1975–1976).svg | link alias-tennis = Vietnam {{{mw}}} Cup team | link alias-naval = Republic of Vietnam Navy | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | altvar = {{{altvar|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = PRG | related1 = Vietnam </noinclude> }}<noinclude> [[ta:வார்ப்புரு:நாட்டுத் தகவல் தென் வியட்நாம்]] </noinclude> 3d2um67dkh7ahrvxqsfc2cmzrc93sr0 0 80984 1542416 1495848 2026-05-14T02:27:47Z CommonsDelinker 234 Replacing OpenSpeaks-Pcj-Gorum-Opino_Gomango-Boloram_Muduli-Language_in_Children's_Education.webm with [[File:OpenSpeaks-Pcj-Gorum-Opino_Gomango-Balaram_Muduli-Language_in_Children's_Education.webm]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because 1542416 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:OpenSpeaks-Pcj-Gorum-Opino Gomango-Balaram Muduli-Language in Children's Education.webm|thumb|Mzungumzaji asilia akijadili mnamo 2026 changamoto za kufundisha watoto lugha ya "Kigorum".]] '''Kiparenga''' (au '''Kigorum''') ni [[Lugha za Kiaustro-Asiatiki|lugha ya Kiaustro-Asiatiki]] nchini [[Uhindi]] inayozungumzwa na [[Waparenga]]. Mwaka wa 2001 idadi ya Waparenga imehesabiwa kuwa watu 12,600 lakini wengi wao hutumia [[Kioriya ya Adivasi]] kama lugha yao badala ya Kiparenga. Kwa hiyo, lugha ya Kiparenga iko karibu na kutoweka kabisa. Kufuatana na uainishaji wa lugha, Kiparenga iko katika kundi la Kimunda. ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://multitree.org/codes/pcj lugha ya Kiparenga kwenye Multitree] *[http://www.language-archives.org/language/pcj makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiparenga] *[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/pare1266 lugha ya Kiparenga katika Glottolog] *[http://www.ethnologue.com/language/pcj lugha ya Kiparenga kwenye Ethnologue] {{mbegu-lugha}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Parenga}} [[Jamii:Lugha za Uhindi]] a8fyw4my6uu89ob85xjmqb1trfcik8b 0 90200 1541845 1331596 2026-05-13T13:04:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541845 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1001''' ([[moja]] [[sifuri]] sifuri moja) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] '''MI''' tu. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu|1000]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mbili|1002]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 7 x 11 x 13.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1001-solved.php Vigawo vya 1001 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1001 KK]] na [[1001]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1001 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] 3ds124dk9d9gwclsesnnzj2ta3z4obu 0 90207 1541778 1331595 2026-05-13T12:11:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541778 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mbiii''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1002''' ([[moja]] [[sifuri]] sifuri mbili) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] '''MII'''. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na moja|1001]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tatu|1003]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 167.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1002-solved.php Vigawo vya 1002 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1002 KK]] na [[1002]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1002 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] 737wl3gy202xzbdmwwpy8bxlyqf5mpk 0 90215 1541933 1331599 2026-05-13T14:14:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1003''' ([[moja]] [[sifuri]] sifuri tatu) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] '''MIII'''. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mbili|1002]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na nne|1004]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 17 x 59.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1003-solved.php Vigawo vya 1003 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1003 KK]] na [[1003]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1003 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] lkd01wkegu94ekm9gtf5r57u8g2oobk 0 90230 1541850 1331597 2026-05-13T13:09:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1004''' ([[moja]] [[sifuri]] sifuri nne) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] '''MIV'''. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tatu|1003]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tano|1005]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 251.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1004-solved.php Vigawo vya 1004 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1004 KK]] na [[1004]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1004 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] 3mmrbf75s97jtzt26fuk5kgzzvjy700 0 90249 1541931 1331598 2026-05-13T14:11:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1005''' ([[moja]] [[sifuri]] sifuri tano) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] '''MV'''. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na nne|1004]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sita|1006]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 5 x 67.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1005-solved.php Vigawo vya 1005 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1005 KK]] na [[1005]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1005 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] mce6z86c745vcdq0ki4r2wetkkvifxn 0 91329 1541898 1007319 2026-05-13T13:43:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541898 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa 1006 (moja sifuri sifuri sita) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] MVI. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tano|1005]] na kutangulia [[elfu moja na saba|1007]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 503.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1006-solved.php |title=Vigawo vya 1006 katika Mathwarehouse |accessdate=2017-07-29 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911104242/http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1006-solved.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Matumizi== *Namba hurejea miaka [[1006 KK]] na [[1006]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1006 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] nsuql88296979vf6zadde68ck3kv1gh 1542122 1541898 2026-05-13T18:40:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa 1006 (moja sifuri sifuri sita) kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida, ila kwa [[namba za Kirumi]] MVI. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tano|1005]] na kutangulia [[elfu moja na saba|1007]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 503.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1006-solved.php |title=Vigawo vya 1006 katika Mathwarehouse |accessdate=2017-07-29 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911104242/http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1006-solved.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Matumizi== *Namba hurejea miaka [[1006 KK]] na [[1006]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically --> {{Reflist}} ==Marejeo== * Wells, D. ''[[The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers]]'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 133 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|1006 (number)}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Jamii:Namba asilia]] [[Jamii:Hisabati]] 5ttkl9z17erdic6ubulehusgvscwa2s 0 91419 1541855 1007318 2026-05-13T13:13:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541855 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na saba ''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1007''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sita|1006]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na nane|1008]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 19 x 53.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1007-solved.php Vigawo vya 1007 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1007 KK]] na [[1007]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 4677q7qxh2pzueh37nvsjfcbyil0ms5 0 91421 1541848 1007317 2026-05-13T13:07:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541848 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na nane ''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1008''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na saba|1007]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisa|1009]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 7.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1008-solved.php Vigawo vya 1008 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1008 KK]] na [[1008]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] azeywwuyie70i50399o3m269p62uym5 0 91609 1541773 1007312 2026-05-13T12:06:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na kumi na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1015''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na kumi na nne|1014]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na kumi na sita|1016]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 5 x 7 x 29.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1015-solved.php Vigawo vya 1015 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1015 KK]] na [[1015]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] dvmh3o1wygaxkvgxmh210u3tv0c8jgr 0 91610 1541772 1007311 2026-05-13T12:04:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541772 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na kumi na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1016''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na kumi na tano|1015]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na kumi na saba|1017]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 127.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1016-solved.php Vigawo vya 1016 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1016 KK]] na [[1016]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] bbxy0dc1g2soevjzlq7rx58iq53mr33 0 91611 1541770 1007310 2026-05-13T12:01:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na kumi na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1017''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na kumi na sita|1016]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na kumi na nane|1018]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 3 x 113.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1017-solved.php Vigawo vya 1017 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1017 KK]] na [[1017]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] q3a5gpejm3lw9ubi8gfe2yg7r57pu07 0 91615 1541776 1007308 2026-05-13T12:08:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541776 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na kumi na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1019''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na kumi na nane|1018]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na ishirini|1020]]. '''1019''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1019-solved.php Vigawo vya 1019 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1019 KK]] na [[1019]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] tuo4ndpzhx68h5lcem5cvdy4pkqwbv9 0 91627 1541935 1007296 2026-05-13T14:17:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1030''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na ishirini na tisa|1029]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na moja|1031]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 5 x 103.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1030-solved.php Vigawo vya 1030 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1030 KK]] na [[1030]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 5t6gefy05einjm5sfp2pdgjhlrk6r1x 0 91628 1541940 1007295 2026-05-13T14:23:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541940 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1031''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini|1030]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na mbili|1032]]. '''1031''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1031-solved.php Vigawo vya 1031 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1031 KK]] na [[1031]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 4qvzpzth0g8akdu8me16xtekie3mm4l 0 91629 1541938 1007294 2026-05-13T14:20:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1032''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na moja|1031]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na tatu|1033]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 43.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1032-solved.php Vigawo vya 1032 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1032 KK]] na [[1032]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] s5z9c4xmug9kyznn4g0k7m2d1i8ynz0 0 91630 1541964 1007293 2026-05-13T14:39:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1033''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na mbili|1032]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na nne|1034]]. '''1033''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1033-solved.php Vigawo vya 1033 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1033 KK]] na [[1033]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] gd17fxdw8wytjbwwn5zlh6jnnquxe6n 0 91631 1541947 1007292 2026-05-13T14:28:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541947 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1034''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na tatu|1033]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na tano|1035]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 11 x 47.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1034-solved.php Vigawo vya 1034 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1034 KK]] na [[1034]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] b6shhlryo52f9r3l8cwnoclsu1ey0hl 0 91632 1541959 1007291 2026-05-13T14:36:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1035''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na nne|1034]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na sita|1036]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 3 x 5 x 23.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1035-solved.php Vigawo vya 1035 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1035 KK]] na [[1035]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 9fy2rlarg1cqiiwm4qwl3vc1lrzhlpa 0 91633 1541953 1007290 2026-05-13T14:34:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1036''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na tano|1035]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na saba|1037]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 7 x 37.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1036-solved.php Vigawo vya 1036 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1037 KK]] na [[1037]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] ro6vm7nyac18w59tfact1c9dnrhgutw 0 91634 1541950 1007289 2026-05-13T14:31:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1037''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na sita|1036]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na nane|1038]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 17 x 61.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1037-solved.php Vigawo vya 1037 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1037 KK]] na [[1037]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] ppxh3b00vr241d7574nt2micjrrb8o2 0 91635 1541944 1007288 2026-05-13T14:25:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541944 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1038''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na saba|1037]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na thelathini na tisa|1039]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 173.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1038-solved.php Vigawo vya 1038 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1038 KK]] na [[1038]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 53wmqk6ccvt4rv91k8elf2ghiu4rrcm 0 91636 1541970 1007287 2026-05-13T14:42:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na thelathini na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1039''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXXXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na thelathini na nane|1038]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na arobaini|1040]]. '''1039''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1039-solved.php Vigawo vya 1039 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1039 KK]] na [[1039]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] dqvwmsmw576ro7694xbrcg7q30wkpyq 0 91825 1541901 1008489 2026-05-13T13:45:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1060''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na hamsini na tisa |1059]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na moja|1061]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 5 x 53.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1060-solved.php Vigawo vya 1060 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1060 KK]] na [[1060]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 0bb18j1fmlmzufsih03v1v2y07cbcqn 0 91826 1541907 1008490 2026-05-13T13:51:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1061''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini |1060]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na mbili|1062]]. '''1061''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1061-solved.php Vigawo vya 1061 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1061 KK]] na [[1061]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] fx1ms0kh178lsqwpzm3a73rgixdcqra 0 91828 1541904 1008568 2026-05-13T13:48:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1062''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na moja|1061]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na tatu|1063]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 3 x 59.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1062-solved.php Vigawo vya 1062 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1062 KK]] na [[1062]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] qyppoksy9n6ssazt0ffo2jtm8wuq92v 0 91829 1541925 1008569 2026-05-13T14:07:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1063''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na mbili|1062]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na nne|1064]]. '''1063''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1063-solved.php Vigawo vya 1063 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1063 KK]] na [[1063]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] l2in5dw5fnmap06dfo0p7o0g9ahx7ft 0 91831 1541913 1008750 2026-05-13T13:56:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1064''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na tatu|1063]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na tano|1065]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 7 x 19.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1064-solved.php Vigawo vya 1064 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1064 KK]] na [[1064]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 9u8yy6a1xatuo6adp9w2nu9oues5z4z 0 91832 1541921 1008751 2026-05-13T14:04:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1065''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na nne|1064]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na sita|1066]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 5 x 71.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1065-solved.php Vigawo vya 1065 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1065 KK]] na [[1065]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 5bxqu720vke0ks9knnt9kq1gs2bo2bf 0 91833 1541918 1008752 2026-05-13T14:01:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1066''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na tano|1065]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na saba|1067]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 13 x 41.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1066-solved.php Vigawo vya 1066 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1066 KK]] na [[1066]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 0is01qzn477pzfyalqu799i0w4ltkdq 0 91836 1541915 1008753 2026-05-13T13:59:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541915 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1067''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na sita|1066]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na nane|1068]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 11 x 97.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1067-solved.php Vigawo vya 1067 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1067 KK]] na [[1067]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] jgwzqwebgnda84idaxin4hakjw2uw5u 0 91837 1541910 1008754 2026-05-13T13:53:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541910 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1068''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na saba|1067]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sitini na tisa|1069]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 3 x 89.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1068-solved.php Vigawo vya 1068 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1068 KK]] na [[1068]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] e82sbtpaov0gmwa3d7uondcuk2818dt 0 91839 1541927 1008755 2026-05-13T14:09:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sitini na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1069''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na nane|1068]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini|1070]]. '''1069''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1069-solved.php Vigawo vya 1069 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1069 KK]] na [[1069]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] rxu9k46q8ptlvq30p0uw0054v3v1wjh 0 91840 1541858 1008757 2026-05-13T13:16:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541858 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1070''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sitini na tisa|1069]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na moja|1071]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 5 x 107.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1070-solved.php Vigawo vya 1070 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1070 KK]] na [[1070]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] d0lf5847m2qd0y1kadq5p76n2tqsl73 0 91841 1541867 1008758 2026-05-13T13:21:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541867 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1071''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini|1070]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na mbili|1072]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 3 x 7 x 17.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1071-solved.php Vigawo vya 1071 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1071 KK]] na [[1071]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] pwq9crc4rg3q6q0jyzvizg6tk6beyru 0 91842 1541860 1008760 2026-05-13T13:18:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541860 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1072''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na moja|1071]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na tatu|1073]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 67.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1072-solved.php Vigawo vya 1072 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1072 KK]] na [[1072]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 9lh5vw66k6hqlpgbdia9b30ivaozy3v 0 91843 1541893 1008761 2026-05-13T13:38:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1073''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na mbili|1072]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na nne|1074]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 29 x 37.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1073-solved.php Vigawo vya 1073 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1073 KK]] na [[1073]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 2xvc7h4n14p4mlgtgly1wt6csd7h1x4 0 91844 1541872 1008762 2026-05-13T13:26:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541872 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1074''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na tatu|1073]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na tano|1075]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 179.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1074-solved.php Vigawo vya 1074 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1074 KK]] na [[1074]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] m8wb301obc12bw6iq876tw209dq9jfz 0 91845 1541889 1008763 2026-05-13T13:35:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541889 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1075''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na nne|1074]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na sita|1076]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 5 x 5 x 43.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1075-solved.php Vigawo vya 1075 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1075 KK]] na [[1075]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] hyhznm7rys5yd7yqnd5tjxfhec3sz6g 0 91846 1541884 1008765 2026-05-13T13:33:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1076''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na tano|1075]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na saba|1077]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 269.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1076-solved.php Vigawo vya 1076 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1076 KK]] na [[1076]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] kqdr8scth4az0rtt8yiqfvhfc5ocvh1 0 91847 1541877 1008766 2026-05-13T13:29:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1077''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na sita|1076]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na nane|1078]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 359.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1077-solved.php Vigawo vya 1077 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1077 KK]] na [[1077]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] r1sjif2cvcc7fvcewax5q07fj4wvvwy 0 91849 1541869 1008767 2026-05-13T13:23:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541869 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1078''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na saba|1077]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na sabini na tisa|1079]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 7 x 7 x 11.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1078-solved.php Vigawo vya 1078 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1078 KK]] na [[1078]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] fogd37muv75wn6avcdxhj03x4oqy187 0 91850 1541896 1008768 2026-05-13T13:41:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na sabini na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1079''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na nane|1078]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini|1080]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 13 x 83.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1079-solved.php Vigawo vya 1079 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1079 KK]] na [[1079]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] booswiwbblznxqnq5vx9rikj624mhk0 0 91851 1541971 1008769 2026-05-13T14:42:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1080''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na sabini na tisa|1079]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na moja|1081]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 x 5.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1080-solved.php Vigawo vya 1080 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1080 KK]] na [[1080]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 1735tcgh59owcj6rsdgx6wwhkh2djfj 0 91854 1541975 1008770 2026-05-13T14:44:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1081''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini|1080]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na mbili|1082]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 23 x 47.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1080-solved.php Vigawo vya 1080 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1081 KK]] na [[1081]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] l12dyzy32g7r4mcmoktnyszty90c8hg 0 91858 1541974 1008771 2026-05-13T14:44:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1082''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na moja|1081]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na tatu|1083]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 541.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1082-solved.php Vigawo vya 1082 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1082 KK]] na [[1082]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] gzaq74eo1qxr21ypcqnzol3us28qlpf 0 91860 1541996 1008772 2026-05-13T15:00:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1083''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na mbili|1082]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na nne|1084]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 19 x 19.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1083-solved.php Vigawo vya 1083 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1083 KK]] na [[1083]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 5zpvc3iit7w5xiuaxx3iqlp7bnw677j 0 91861 1541982 1008773 2026-05-13T14:49:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1084''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na tatu|1083]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na tano|1085]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 271.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1084-solved.php Vigawo vya 1084 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1084 KK]] na [[1084]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] k80p0kboib08ji2hi29go8bbqyomr8p 0 91862 1541994 1008775 2026-05-13T14:57:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1085''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na nne|1084]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na sita|1086]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 5 x 7 x 31.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1085-solved.php Vigawo vya 1085 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1085 KK]] na [[1085]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] jzolodl3u7wnd1n2km91dbjlciv600n 0 91863 1541990 1008776 2026-05-13T14:55:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1086''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na tano|1085]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na saba|1087]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 181.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1086-solved.php Vigawo vya 1086 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1086 KK]] na [[1086]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] j9atp2axsy23eev1kuf4qyg9cyq0bi0 0 91864 1541987 1008778 2026-05-13T14:51:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1087''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na sita|1086]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na nane|1088]]. '''1087''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1087-solved.php Vigawo vya 1087 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1087 KK]] na [[1087]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] ok9zfulvos90w3u0gc4kdg91zj2vx8s 0 91865 1541978 1008779 2026-05-13T14:47:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1088''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na saba|1087]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na themanini na tisa|1089]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 17.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1088-solved.php Vigawo vya 1088 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1088 KK]] na [[1088]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] bi168ou5dqplk1xhapf774o22a3jid2 0 92647 1541999 1013581 2026-05-13T15:02:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na themanini na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1089''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MLXXXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na nane|1088]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini|1090]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 3 x 11 x 11.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1089-solved.php Vigawo vya 1089 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1089 KK]] na [[1089]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 7j839ccr26g1jq3xrgv8xo9jb1jmi2d 0 92648 1542002 1013582 2026-05-13T15:05:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1090''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXC kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na themanini na tisa|1089]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na moja|1091]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 5 x 109.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1090-solved.php Vigawo vya 1090 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1090 KK]] na [[1090]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] ixqh3sa7o82kim78q1q0rtjnrrictje 0 92649 1542009 1013583 2026-05-13T15:10:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1091''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini|1090]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na mbili|1092]]. '''1091''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1091-solved.php Vigawo vya 1091 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1091 KK]] na [[1091]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] cxdh3plzfxufbqf3a4ku48lfyop2jkl 0 92650 1542006 1013585 2026-05-13T15:07:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1092''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na moja|1091]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na tatu|1093]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 3 x 7 x 13.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1092-solved.php Vigawo vya 1092 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1092 KK]] na [[1092]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 3sqs891dv8uymubf67nmql8h4y815xo 0 92651 1542023 1013586 2026-05-13T15:25:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542023 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1093''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na mbili|1092]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na nne|1094]]. '''1093''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1093-solved.php Vigawo vya 1093 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1093 KK]] na [[1093]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] f6xo86d3y78y5ae3fpmdhl8ov6qknc8 0 92653 1542015 1013588 2026-05-13T15:15:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1094''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na tatu|1093]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na tano|1095]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 547.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1094-solved.php Vigawo vya 1094 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1094 KK]] na [[1094]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 189xsm7jhyr5jzgmbp7dukuiil0um81 0 92654 1542021 1013589 2026-05-13T15:23:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1095''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na nne|1094]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na sita|1096]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 5 x 73.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1095-solved.php Vigawo vya 1095 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1095 KK]] na [[1095]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] kp27i9uzy0pig8uhsb2ri3nppyptfb5 0 92656 1542020 1013590 2026-05-13T15:20:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542020 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1096''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na tano|1095]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na saba|1097]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 37.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1096-solved.php Vigawo vya 1096 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1096 KK]] na [[1096]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 5krrhst9utq4jhy4zpd4x4yuzp5bu0i 0 93241 1542017 1013592 2026-05-13T15:18:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1097''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na sita|1096]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na nane|1098]]. '''1097''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1097-solved.php Vigawo vya 1097 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1097 KK]] na [[1097]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 63mpb2vet5kc30b06iypqwbpxvc7nap 0 93243 1542012 1013593 2026-05-13T15:12:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1098''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na saba|1097]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na tisini na tisa|1099]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 3 x 61.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1098-solved.php Vigawo vya 1098 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1098 KK]] na [[1098]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 2b3hnhkwcfzj99vd0il7airzvwib1ux 0 93245 1542025 1013594 2026-05-13T15:27:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na tisini na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1099''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MXCIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na nane|1098]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja|1100]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 7 x 157.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1099-solved.php Vigawo vya 1099 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1099 KK]] na [[1099]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] leshxau9ahe1f4hn33v3nq8qnc057nb 0 93253 1541779 1013595 2026-05-13T12:13:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541779 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1100''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MC kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na tisini na tisa|1099]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na moja|1101]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 11.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1100-solved.php Vigawo vya 1100 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1100 KK]] na [[1100]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] mrss1m68776xbqu04bgannwn0sn9rq3 0 93257 1541821 1013596 2026-05-13T12:43:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541821 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1101''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja|1100]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na mbili|1102]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 367.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1101-solved.php Vigawo vya 1101 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1101 KK]] na [[1101]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 6gtkx37g7od55j4o08vmvo7ryu0b5sy 0 93259 1541819 1013597 2026-05-13T12:40:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541819 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1102''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na moja|1101]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tatu|1103]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 19 x 29.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1102-solved.php Vigawo vya 1102 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1102 KK]] na [[1102]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] gzwc5wvxpdpodjug1yw83huqon0ka54 0 93260 1541838 1013598 2026-05-13T12:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541838 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1103''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na mbili|1102]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na nne|1104]]. '''1103''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1103-solved.php Vigawo vya 1103 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1103 KK]] na [[1103]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 3zonpot9feyfyqadi2axp00efflg3ga 0 93262 1541827 1013599 2026-05-13T12:48:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1104''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tatu|1103]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tano|1105]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 23.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1104-solved.php Vigawo vya 1104 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1104 KK]] na [[1104]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] mzdtc58z8n3nu4h3s6wyudrk8wpdi5f 0 93265 1541837 1013600 2026-05-13T12:55:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1105''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na nne|1104]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na sita|1106]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 5 x 13 x 17.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1105-solved.php Vigawo vya 1105 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1105 KK]] na [[1105]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] a1vzd3smryxq0yj5vxlme0raa9qsmbn 0 93267 1541833 1013602 2026-05-13T12:53:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1106''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tano|1105]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na saba|1107]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 7 x 79.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1106-solved.php Vigawo vya 1106 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1107 KK]] na [[1107]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 0jc81p0p4s0rirpy2x4tmkk9e7rc64g 0 93268 1541831 1013603 2026-05-13T12:50:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1107''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na sita|1106]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na nane|1108]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 3 x 3 x 41.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1107-solved.php Vigawo vya 1107 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1107 KK]] na [[1107]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 3ckx0rkekzyivmf29br4bazxe4m2ifo 0 93273 1541825 1013604 2026-05-13T12:45:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541825 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na nane''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1108''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na saba|1107]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tisa|1109]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 277.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1108-solved.php Vigawo vya 1108 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1108 KK]] na [[1108]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] fy5vyromknkqd54vqywqk8tfn1xlxhs 0 93275 1541842 1013605 2026-05-13T13:01:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1109''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na nane|1108]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi|1110]]. '''1109''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1109-solved.php Vigawo vya 1109 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1109 KK]] na [[1109]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 18taravenhqvup9ag94112io7vxl317 0 93276 1541780 1013606 2026-05-13T12:14:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541780 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1110''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na tisa|1109]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na moja|1111]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 3 x 5 x 37.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1100-solved.php Vigawo vya 1100 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1110 KK]] na [[1110]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] nsug046diihadk0q4e25gmft157gvvz 0 93277 1541789 1013608 2026-05-13T12:19:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541789 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia na kumi na moja''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1111''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi|1110]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na mbili|1112]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 11 x 101.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1111-solved.php Vigawo vya 1111 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1111 KK]] na [[1111]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] o179slstdhbmh47yibdwmf0wkyai1gy 0 93278 1541784 1013609 2026-05-13T12:17:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541784 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na mbili''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1112''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na moja|1111]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tatu|1113]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 2 x 139.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1112-solved.php Vigawo vya 1112 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1112 KK]] na [[1112]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] lczarahj4djbo6p085th1d5i1v9kitu 0 93279 1541809 1013610 2026-05-13T12:34:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541809 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tatu''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1113''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na mbili|1112]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na nne|1114]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 7 x 53.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1113-solved.php Vigawo vya 1113 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1113 KK]] na [[1113]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] gof4uxppq13un185reyd4kc7moup483 0 93280 1541798 1013612 2026-05-13T12:24:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541798 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia na moja na kumi na nne''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1114''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXIV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tatu|1113]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tano|1115]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 557.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1114-solved.php Vigawo vya 1114 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1114 KK]] na [[1114]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] hxk3um2634qgf5wfhil4mr8s3nmx0l2 0 93282 1541804 1013615 2026-05-13T12:32:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541804 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia na kumi na tano''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1115''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXV kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na nne|1114]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na sita|1116]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 5 x 223.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1115-solved.php Vigawo vya 1115 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1115 KK]] na [[1115]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 41kq3gr4u1hc65sbhok6q0cy7jc0r9q 0 93284 1541801 1013616 2026-05-13T12:29:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541801 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia na kumi na sita''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1116''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXVI kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tano|1115]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na saba|1117]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 31.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1116-solved.php Vigawo vya 1116 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1116 KK]] na [[1116]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] edefe5ipz1mk73rlnmouahd7tharlen 0 93285 1541799 1013617 2026-05-13T12:27:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia na kumi na saba''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1117''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXVII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na sita|1116]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na nane|1118]]. '''1117''' ni [[namba tasa]].<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1117-solved.php Vigawo vya 1117 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1117 KK]] na [[1117]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] ik1wv6sdeyuiv1v0nnocrc2s609gs4d 0 93288 1541790 1013618 2026-05-13T12:22:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541790 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na nane ''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1118''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXVIII kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na saba|1117]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tisa|1119]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 2 x 13 x 43.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1118-solved.php Vigawo vya 1118 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1118 KK]] na [[1118]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] 2jommp9c2unwhcb78cwgcevcfch98n8 0 93290 1541815 1013621 2026-05-13T12:37:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1541815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na tisa''' ni [[namba]] inayoandikwa '''1119''' kwa [[tarakimu]] za kawaida na MCXIX kwa [[namba za Kiroma|zile za Kirumi]]. Ni [[namba asilia]] inayofuata [[Elfu moja na mia moja na kumi na nane|1118]] na kutangulia [[Elfu moja na mia moja na ishirini|1120]]. Vigawo vyake vya [[namba tasa]] ni: 3 x 373.<ref>[http://www.mathwarehouse.com/answered-questions/prime-factorizations/what-is-the-prime-factorization-of-1119-solved.php Vigawo vya 1119 katika Mathwarehouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Matumizi== * Namba hurejea miaka [[1119 KK]] na [[1119]] [[BK]]. ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-hisabati}} [[Category:Namba asilia]] kpn3ay72b6wim67awnfg1k42t0xkhxy 0 110377 1542426 1515399 2026-05-14T03:10:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Muigizaji | rangi = Khaki | jina = Jennifer Aniston | picha = JenniferAnistonHWoFFeb2012.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha = Jennifer Aniston, mnamo Februari 2012 | jina la kuzaliwa = Jennifer Joanna Aniston | alizaliwa = {{birth date and age|1969|02|11}} [[Picha:Flag of the United States.svg|20px]]<br />[[Marekani]] | kafariki = | jina lingine = | kazi yake = [[Mwigizaji]]<br />[[Mtayarishaji]]<br />Mfanyi biashara | miaka ya kazi = 1987 - hadi leo | ndoa = Brad Pitt (2000-2005) Justin Theroux (2015-2017) | rafiki = | watoto = | wazazi = John Aniston<br />Nancy Dow | mahusiano = | tovuti = }} '''Jennifer Joanna Aniston''' (alizaliwa [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], [[11 Februari]] [[1969]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyepata umaarufu kwa uigizaji wake kwenye kipindi cha [[Friends]], (mnamo [[1994]]-[[2004]]). Uigizaji wake kwenye kipindi hiki kilimpa ushindi wa [[tuzo]] za ''Primetime Emmy'', ''Golden Globe'' na ''Screen Actors Guild''. ==Maisha ya awali== [[Wazazi]] wake, John Aniston na Nancy Dow, walikuwa waigizaji maarufu pia. ==Mahusiano== Jennifer Aniston alipendana na [[Brad Pitt]] mnamo 1998, na wawili hao wakaoana baada ya miaka miwili, mjini Malibu. Mnamo 2005, Jennifer na Brad waliachana. Mnamo [[2011]], alikutana na [[mwigizaji]] [[Justin Theroux]] na kuoana naye mnamo [[5 Agosti]] [[2015]]. Wawili hao waliachana mnamo [[2017]]. ==Filamu== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka ! Filamu ! Aliigiza kama ! class="unsortable" | Maelezo ! class="unsortable" | Marejeo |- | 1988 | ''Mac and Me'' | Dancer in McDonald's | |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://archive.today/9OXDR/5e549c52e049c57e4a52ce23dfac9846cd2e18a4.png|title=The Empire Interview: Aniston|work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]|publisher=[[Bauer Consumer Media]]|date=March 2015|first=Olly|last=Richards|accessdate=October 1, 2017|issue=Single|volume=309}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |- | 1993 | ''Leprechaun'' | Tory Reding | |<ref name="leprechaun">{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/movie-news/jennifer-aniston-tells-of-mortifying-moment-fiance-justin-theroux-stumbled-across-her-first-film-leprechaun-30763437.html|title=Jennifer Aniston tells of 'mortifying moment' fiance Justin Theroux stumbled across her first film 'Leprechaun'|work=[[Irish Independent]]|date=November 21, 2014|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Lynne|last=Kelleher}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 1996 | ''She's the One'' | Renee Fitzpatrick | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.empireonline.com/movies/one-3/review/|title=She's The One Review|work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]|date=June 1, 2000|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Caroline |last=Westbrook}}</ref> |- | ''Dream for an Insomniac'' | Allison | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/library/film/061998dream-film-review.html|title='Dream for an Insomniac': Coffee and Kierkegaard in Frisco|work=The New York Times|date=June 19, 1998|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Stephen|last=Holden|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020216231939/http://www.nytimes.com/library/film/061998dream-film-review.html|archivedate=February 16, 2002}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |1997 | '''Til There Was You'' | Debbie | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-05-30/entertainment/9705300434_1_dylan-mcdermott-gwen-story|title='Til There Was You|work=Chicago Tribune|date=May 30, 1997|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=John|last=Petrakis|archivedate=2017-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001030846/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-05-30/entertainment/9705300434_1_dylan-mcdermott-gwen-story}}</ref> |- | ''Picture Perfect'' | Kate Mosley | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ew.com/article/1997/08/01/picture-perfect-3/|title=Picture Perfect|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=August 1, 1997|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Lisa|last=Schwarzbaum}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |1998 | ''Thin Pink Line'' | Clove | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_thin_pink_line_2000/|title=The Thin Pink Line (1990)|work=Rotten Tomatoes|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | ''Waiting for Woody'' | Mwenyewe | Filamu fupi |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b8184a1d0|title=Waiting for Woody|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=|last=}}</ref> |- | ''The Object of My Affection'' | Nina Borowski | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/the-object-of-my-affection-19980417|title=The Object of My Affection|work=Rolling Stone|date=April 17, 1998|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Peter|last=Travers|archivedate=2017-09-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930222631/http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/the-object-of-my-affection-19980417}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |1999 | ''Office Space'' | Joanna | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ew.com/article/2011/10/07/office-space-reunion-interview/|title='Office Space': Cast talk cult hit and Jennifer Aniston|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=October 7, 2011|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Anthony|last=Bretznican|archive-date=2017-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001030842/http://ew.com/article/2011/10/07/office-space-reunion-interview/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | ''Iron Giant'' | Annie Hughes (sauti) | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/1999/film/reviews/the-iron-giant-1117749993/|title=The Iron Giant|work=Variety|date=July 21, 1999|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Lael|last=Loewenstein}}</ref> |- | 2001 | ''Rock Star'' | Emily Poule | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9905E7D61339F934A3575AC0A9679C8B63&mcubz=1|title=Film Review; Celebrating the Love Of Bad Rock in the 80's|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 7, 2001|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=A.O.|last=Scott}}</ref> |- | 2002 | ''Good Girl'' | Justine Last | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E01E1D9113BF934A3575BC0A9649C8B63&mcubz=1|title=Film Review; The Catcher In the Texas Chain Store|work=The New York Times|date=August 7, 2002|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Elvis|last=Michell}}</ref> |- | 2003 | ''Bruce Almighty'' | Grace Connelly | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/jan/10/jim-carrey-bruce-almighty-sequel|title=Heaven sent? Jim Carrey set for Bruce Almighty sequel|work=The Guardian|date=January 10, 2002|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Rachel|last=Aroesti}}</ref> |- | 2004 | ''Along Came Polly'' | Polly Prince | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/movies/2004/01/poop_goes_the_weasel.html|title=Poop Goes the Weasel|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=January 15, 2004|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=David|last=Edelstein}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2005 | ''Derailed'' | Lucinda Harris / Jane | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ew.com/article/2005/11/09/derailed-2/|title=Derailed|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=November 9, 2005|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Lisa|last=Schwarzbaum}}</ref> |- | ''Rumor Has It'' | Sarah Huttinger | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2006/05/the-movie-review-rumor-has-it-and-the-family-stone/69411/|title=The Movie Review: 'Rumor Has It' and 'The Family Stone'|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=May 30, 2005|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Christopher|last=Orr}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2006 | ''Friends with Money'' | Olivia | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/friends-with-money-20060907|title=Friends With Money|work=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=September 7, 2006|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Peter|last=Travers|archivedate=2017-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001030831/http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/friends-with-money-20060907}}</ref> |- | ''Room 10'' | Mtayarishaji | Filamu fupi |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/2006/10/17/jennifer-aniston-makes-directing-debut-with-room-10.html|title=Jennifer Aniston Makes Directing Debut With 'Room 10'|publisher=[[FOX News]]|date=October 17, 2006|via=[[Associated Press]]|accessdate=September 28, 2017|location=Los Angeles}}</ref> |- | ''The Break-Up'' | Brooke Meyers | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-break-up-2006|title=The Break-Up Movie Review & Film Summary|publisher=Roger Ebert|date=December 25, 2008|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Roger|last=Ebert}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2008 | ''Marley & Me'' | Jenny Grogan | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Movies/12/25/ew.review.marley/index.html|title=Review: 'Marley' lovable, heartwarming|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=December 25, 2008|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Owen|last=Gleiberman|archive-date=2017-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930222436/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/Movies/12/25/ew.review.marley/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | ''Burma: It Can't Wait'' | Mtayarishaji | Filamu fupi |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=https://www.productionhub.com/video/8882/burma-it-cant-wait|title=Burma: 'It Can't Wait'|work=Production Hub|date=February 25, 2011|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/burmamyanmar/1930247/Celebrities-turn-the-spotlight-on-Burma.html|title=Celebrities turn the spotlight on Burma|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=May 6, 2008|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Catherine|last=Elsworth|location=Los Angeles}}</ref> |- | ''Management'' | Sue Claussen | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2008/film/markets-festivals/management-1200470675/|title=Management|work=Variety|date=September 11, 2008|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Joe|last=Leydon}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2009 | ''He's Just Not That into You'' | Beth Murphy | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1877294,00.html|title=''He's Just Not That Into You'', and Neither Are We|work=Time|date=February 5, 2009|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Mary|last=Pols|archive-date=2016-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105092749/http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1877294,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | ''Love Happens'' | Eloise Chandler | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/love-not-jennifer-aniston-picks-rom-com-loser-article-1.403255|title='Love Happens': Not much happens as Jennifer Aniston picks another rom-com loser|work=[[New York Daily News]]|date=September 17, 2009|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Elizabeth|last=Weitzman}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2010 | ''The Bounty Hunter'' | Nicole Hurley | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/18/AR2010031800830.html|title='The Bounty Hunter': An attempt at offbeat humor that doesn't deliver|work=[[Washington Post]]|date=March 19, 2010|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Danl|last=Kois}}</ref> |- | ''The Switch'' | Kassie Larson | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://world.wng.org/2010/08/the_switch|title=The Switch|work=[[World (magazine)|World]]|date=September 11, 2010|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Michael|last=Leaser|archivedate=2017-09-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930175323/https://world.wng.org/2010/08/the_switch}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2011 | ''Just Go with It'' | Katherine Murphy / Devlin Maccabee | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://entertainment.time.com/2011/02/10/just-go-with-it-review/|title=''Just Go with It''? Jennifer Aniston Runs Away with It|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Mary|last=Pols|archive-date=2017-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208235832/http://entertainment.time.com/2011/02/10/just-go-with-it-review/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | ''Horrible Bosses'' | Dr. Julia Harris | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2011/07/horrible-bosses|title=Is Jennifer Aniston Really a Horrible Boss in Horrible Bosses? (and 24 Other Urgent Questions)|work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|date=July 8, 2011|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Mike|last=Ryan}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2012 | ''Wanderlust'' | Linda Gergenblatt | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2012/02/24/wanderful/|title=Wanderful!|work=[[New York Post]]|date=February 24, 2012|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Lou |last=Lumenick}}</ref> |- | ''$ellebrity'' | Mwenyewe | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/jennifer-aniston-jennifer-lopez-blast-paparazzi-and-celebrity-culture-ellebrity-trailer-703966|title=Jennifer Aniston, Jennifer Lopez Blast Paparazzi And Celebrity Culture In ?$ellebrity? [Trailer]|work=[[International Business Times]]|date=June 22, 2012|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Cavan|last=Sieczkowski}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2013 | ''We're the Millers'' | Sarah "Rose" O'Reilly | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ew.com/gallery/stars-strippers/sarah-rose-oreilly-jennifer-aniston|title=Stars as Strippers|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=September 29, 2015|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Dawnie|last=Walton|archivedate=2017-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001031043/http://ew.com/gallery/stars-strippers/sarah-rose-oreilly-jennifer-aniston/}}</ref> |- | ''Life of Crime'' | Margaret "Mickey" Dawson | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2013/film/reviews/life-of-crime-review-toronto-1200604872/|title=Toronto Film Review: ‘Life of Crime’|work=Variety|date=September 9, 2013|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Dennis|last=Harvey}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2014 | ''Horrible Bosses 2'' | Dr. Julia Harris | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1997620/jennifer-aniston-horrible-bosses-2-interview/|title=Jennifer Aniston Tells Us How She Made Her 'Horrible Bosses 2' Character Even Raunchier|work=[[MTV]]|date=November 14, 2014|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Shaunna|last=Murphy|archive-date=2017-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929135955/http://www.mtv.com/news/1997620/jennifer-aniston-horrible-bosses-2-interview/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | ''She's Funny That Way'' | Jane Claremont | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2015/08/shes-funny-that-way-isnt-a-return-to-form.html|title=She’s Funny That Way Has Old-School Charm and Some Shrill Attempts at Humor|work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]|date=August 23, 2015|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Bilge |last=Ebiri}}</ref> |- | ''Cake'' | Claire Simmons | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2014/film/festivals/toronto-film-review-cake-1201301547/|title=Toronto Film Review: ‘Cake’|work=Variety|date=September 9, 2014|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Justin|last=Chang}}</ref> |- | ''Journey to Sundance'' | Mwenyewe | rowspan="2" | Documentary film |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wsm.wsu.edu/s/index.php?id=794|title=Cougs behind the camera|work=[[Washington State Magazine]]|publisher=[[Washington State University]]|date=2010|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Larry |last=Clark}}</ref> |- | 2015 | ''Unity'' | Sauti |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/documentary-unity-set-for-aug-12-release-with-100-star-narrators-1201477200/|title=Documentary ‘Unity’ Set for Aug. 12 Release with 100 Star Narrators|work=Variety|date=May 13, 2016|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Dave|last=McNary}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2016 | ''Mother's Day'' | Sandy Newhouse | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesfnews.com/mothers-day-is-no-treat/26731|title="Mother’s Day" Is No Treat|work=[[San Francisco News]]|date=May 13, 2016|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=David|last=Miller|location=Hollywood}}</ref> |- | ''Storks'' | Sarah Gardner (sauti) | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldcourier.com/community/storks/article_82aea622-800c-11e6-be01-2b30514c95b0.html|title='Storks' Features|work=[[Bristol Herald Courier]]|date=September 23, 2016|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Katie |last= Walsh}}</ref> |- | ''Office Christmas Party'' | Carol Vanstone | |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/goingoutguide/movies/office-christmas-party-comedy-made-by-smutty-elves/2016/12/08/cde3cbaa-b990-11e6-959c-172c82123976_story.html|title=‘Office Christmas Party’: Comedy, made by smutty elves|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=December 8, 2016|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Michael |last= O'Sullivan}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''The Yellow Birds'' | Maureen Murphy | |<ref>Sources: *{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/jennifer-aniston-yellow-birds-sundance-tabloids-tv-1201963897/|title=Jennifer Aniston on Sundance Drama ‘The Yellow Birds,’ Returning to TV and Tabloid Culture|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=January 19, 2017|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first= Ramin|last= Setoodeh}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/yellow-birds-review-967072|title='The Yellow Birds': Film Review {{!}} Sundance 2017|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=January 21, 2017|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Todd|last=McCarthy}}</ref> |- | 2018 | ''Dumplin''' | Rosie Dickson | |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=http://people.com/movies/jennifer-aniston-has-bangs-on-set-photos/|title=Jennifer Aniston Has Bangs! The Actress Steps Out On Set of Dumplin' Looking Like a Suburban Mom|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=September 7, 2017|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Ale|last=Russian}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/jun/15/danielle-macdonald-up-and-coming-australian-to-star-with-jennifer-aniston-in-dumplin|title=Danielle Macdonald: up-and-coming Australian to star with Jennifer Aniston in Dumplin'|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=June 15, 2017|accessdate=September 28, 2017|first=Steph |last=Harmon}}</ref> |- | 2019 | Murder Mystery | | |<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/jennifer-aniston-adam-sandler-netflix-murder-mystery-1202739436/|title=Adam Sandler, Jennifer Aniston Reunite for Netflix ‘Murder Mystery’|last=Kroll|first=Justin|date=2018-03-29|work=Variety|access-date=2018-08-12|language=en-US}}</ref> |} ===Tamthilia=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka ! Tamthilia ! Aliigiza kama ! class="unsortable" | Maelezo ! class="unsortable" | Marejeo |- | rowspan="2" | 1990 | ''Molloy'' | Courtney Walker | Vipindi 7 |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=http://people.com/tv/jennifer-aniston-mayim-bialik-wins-throwback-thursday-with-molloy-instagram/|title=Mayim Bialik Wins #TBT with Vintage Photo of Jennifer Aniston from Their 1990 Sitcom|work=People|date=December 3, 2015|first=Michele|last=Corriston|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/flashback/mayim-bialik-shares-adorable-photos-with-jen-aniston-from-the-1990s/news-story/73d3a28375993a576db17cff7c32f6b4|title=Mayim Bialik shares adorable photos with Jen Aniston from the 1990s|work=[[News.com.au]]|publisher=[[News Corp Australia]]|date=December 4, 2015|first=|last=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} </ref> |- | ''Camp Cucamonga'' | Ava Schector | Filamu |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/briangalindo/camp-cucamonga-pretty-much-the-most-90s-tv-movie-ever|title='Camp Cucamonga': Pretty Much The Most '90s TV Movie Ever|work=[[BuzzFeed]]|date=February 27, 2013|first=Brian|last=Galindo|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/523263/90s-flashback-danica-mckellar-teaches-candace-cameron-bure-how-to-dance-and-jennifer-aniston-makes-a-cameo-watch-now|title='90s Flashback! Danica McKellar Teaches Candace Cameron Bure How to Dance—and Jennifer Aniston Makes a Cameo: Watch Now!|work=E! News|date=March 21, 2014|first=Alyssa|last=Toomey|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} </ref> |- | 1990–1991 | ''Ferris Bueller'' | Jeannie Bueller | Vipindi 13 |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/06/11/15-things-you-might-not-know-about-ferris-buellers-day-off-5890176/|title=Ferris Bueller’s Day Off 30th anniversary: 15 things you might not know about the film|work=[[Metro (website)|Metro]]|date=June 11, 2016|first=Jon|last=O'Brian|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1992 | ''Quantum Leap'' | Kiki Wilson | Kipindi: "Nowhere to Run" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/quantum-leap/cast/100362/|title=Cast & Characters: Quantum Leap (Season 5, Episode: 'Nowhere to Run')|work=[[TV Guide]]|date=|first=|last=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1992–1993 | ''The Edge '' | | Vipindi 20 |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/08/4-shows-jennifer-aniston-was-on-before-friends.html|title=The Four TV Shows Jennifer Aniston Was on Before Friends|work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]|date=August 7, 2013|first=Kyle|last=Buchanan|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/the-edge/cast/204899/|title='The Edge' Cast & Characters|work=TV Guide|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1992–1993 | ''Herman's Head'' | Suzie Brooks | Vipindi 2 |<ref>Sources: * For "Twisted Sister": {{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/hermans-head/episode-25-season-1/twisted-sister/201965/|title=Season 1, Episode 25 'Twisted Sister'|work=TV Guide|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * For "Jay Is for Jealous": {{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/hermans-head/episode-8-season-3/jay-is-for-jealous/201965/|title=Season 3, Episode 8 'Jay Is for Jealous'|work=TV Guide|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1993 | ''Sunday Funnies'' | | Filamu |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=CjIQmp2llUQC&pg=PA126&lpg=PA126&dq=sunday+funnies+aniston&source=bl&ots=zRuRy4Nlz_&sig=wSf0xG2tZfnn_pW6w5XEqPbTKSM&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGzf_Y2IHYAhUGIMAKHcXgDmYQ6AEITzAK#v=onepage&q=sunday%20funnies%20aniston&f=false|title=Jennifer Aniston: The Unauthorized Biography}}</ref> |- | 1994 | ''Muddling Through'' | Madeline Drego Cooper | Vipindi 10 |<ref>Sources: * {{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/08/4-shows-jennifer-aniston-was-on-before-friends.html|title=The Four TV Shows Jennifer Aniston Was on Before Friends|work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]|date=August 7, 2013|first=Kyle|last=Buchanan|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/muddling-through/cast/203259/|title='Muddling Through' Cast & Characters|work=TV Guide|date=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1994–2004 | ''Friends'' | Rachel Green | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1560842/Jennifer-Aniston |title=Jennifer Aniston |last= |first= |date= |website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074454/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1560842/Jennifer-Aniston |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |dead-url=yes |accessdate=April 28, 2015 |df= }}</ref> |- | 1994 | ''Burke's Law'' | Linda Campbell | Kipindi: "Who Killed the Beauty Queen?" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heart.co.uk/lifestyle/beauty-style/fashion/changing-styles/jennifer-aniston/2/|title=Jennifer Aniston in Burke's Law – Changing styles: Jennifer Aniston|work=[[Heart (radio network)|Heart]]|date=|first=|last=|accessdate=September 28, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171001044119/http://www.heart.co.uk/lifestyle/beauty-style/fashion/changing-styles/jennifer-aniston/2/|archivedate=October 1, 2017|deadurl=no}}</ref> |- | 1995 | ''The Larry Sanders Show'' | Mwenyewe | Kipindi: "Conflict of Interest" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmovie.com/movie/the-larry-sanders-show-conflict-of-interest-v281997|title=The Larry Sanders Show: Conflict of Interest (1995)|work=[[Allmovie]]|date=|first=Jason|last= Buchanan|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1995–2016 |''Saturday Night Live'' | Mwenyewe | Vipindi 4 |<ref name=":0">Sources: * For "[[Saturday Night Live (season 42)|Emma Stone / Shawn Mendes]]": {{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/jennifer-aniston-friends-saturday-night-live-snl-rachel-green-impression-a7456461.html|title=Jennifer Aniston takes to SNL to declare it's time 'to move on' from Friends|last=Loughrey|first=Clarisse|date=December 5, 2016|work=[[The Independent]]|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * For "[[Saturday Night Live (season 25)|Jennifer Aniston / Sting]]": {{cite news|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/saturday-night-live/episode-6-season-25/jennifer-aniston-sting/100385/|title=Saturday Night Live: Season 25, Episode 6 – Jennifer Aniston; Sting|last=|first=|date=|work=TV Guide|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * For "[[Saturday Night Live (season 29)|Jennifer Aniston / Black Eyed Peas]]": {{cite news|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/saturday-night-live/episode-9-season-29/jennifer-aniston-black-eyed-peas/100385/|title=Saturday Night Live: Season 29, Episode 9 Jennifer Aniston; Black Eyed Peas|last=|first=|date=|work=TV Guide|accessdate=September 28, 2017}} * For "[[Saturday Night Live (season 21)|David Schwimmer / Natalie Merchant]]": {{cite news|url=http://www.tv.com/shows/saturday-night-live/david-schwimmer-natalie-merchant-102118/cast/|title=Saturday Night Live: Season 21, Episode 3: David Schwimmer / Natalie Merchant (Cast & Crew)|last=|first=|date=|work=TV.com|accessdate=September 28, 2017|archivedate=2017-10-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015202253/http://www.tv.com/shows/saturday-night-live/david-schwimmer-natalie-merchant-102118/cast/}}</ref> |- | 1996 | ''Partners'' | CPA Suzanne | Kipindi: "Follow the Clams?" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/partners/episode-879475/203675/|title=Partners: Follow the Clams?|work=TV Guide|date=|first=|last=|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 1998 | ''Disney's Hercules'' | Galatea (sauti) | Kipindi: "Hercules and the Dream Date" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tv.com/shows/disneys-hercules/hercules-and-the-dream-date-65730/cast/|title=Disney's Hercules — Season 1 Episode 27: 'Hercules and the Dream Date' (Cast & Crew)|work=[[TV.com]]|date=|first=|last=|accessdate=September 28, 2017|archivedate=2017-10-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013225436/http://www.tv.com/shows/disneys-hercules/hercules-and-the-dream-date-65730/cast/}}</ref> |- | 1999 | ''South Park'' | Mrs. Stevens (sauti) | Kipindi: "Rainforest Shmainforest" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com.vn/books?id=xWIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA43|title='Tooning Out: Gayest Cultural Event to Hit Town|work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]|date=March 2003|page=43|first=Ronni|last=Radner|accessdate=September 28, 2017|issn=1062-7928|volume=11|number=9}}</ref> |- | 2003 | ''King of the Hill'' | Pepperoni Sue / Stephanie (sauti) | Kipindi: "Queasy Rider" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.awn.com/news/king-hill-big-series-finale|title=King of the Hill Big Series Finale|work=[[Animation World Network]]|date=September 6, 2009|first=Craig|last=Parish|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 2007 | ''Dirt'' | Tina Harrod | Kipindi: "Ita Missa Est" |<ref>{{cite news|url=http://people.com/tv/jennifer-aniston-tv-roles-after-friends/dirt-2007|title=Screen Queen: All About Jennifer Aniston's TV Roles After Friends – Dirt (2007)|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=August 3, 2010|first=Benjamin|last=Vanhoose|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 2008 | ''30 Rock'' | Claire Harper | Kipindi: "The One with the Cast of Night Court" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tv.avclub.com/30-rock-the-one-with-the-cast-of-night-court-1798205378|title=30 Rock: 'The One With The Cast of Night Court'|work=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=November 13, 2008|first=Nathan|last=Robin|accessdate=September 28, 2017|archivedate=2017-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005051213/https://tv.avclub.com/30-rock-the-one-with-the-cast-of-night-court-1798205378}}</ref> |- | 2010 | ''Cougar Town'' | Glenn | Kipindi: "All Mixed Up" |<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ew.com/recap/cougar-town-recap-season-2-episode-1/|title=Cougar Town season premiere recap: Scooby-Doo the Right Thing|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=September 23, 2010|first=Annie|last=Barrett|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 2011 | ''Five'' | | Mtayarishaji <br>Television film <br>Segment: "Mia" |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/arts/television/five-directed-by-jennifer-aniston-and-alicia-keys-review.html|title=One Disease, Many Faces and Many Personal Paths|work=The New York Times|date=October 9, 2011|first=Neil|last=Genzlinger|accessdate=September 28, 2017|page=C9|edition=New York}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Burning Love'' | Dana | Vipindi 2 |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/jennifer-aniston-stars-bachelor-spoof-web-series-burning-love-article-1.1090488|title=Jennifer Aniston stars in ‘Bachelor’ spoof web series ‘Burning Love’|work=New York Daily News|date= June 5, 2012|first=Sasha|last=Panaram|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 2013 | ''Call Me Crazy: A Five Film'' | | Filamu |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2013/04/19/five-jennifer-aniston-produced-shorts-are-crazy/|title=Five Jennifer Aniston-produced shorts are ‘Crazy’|work=New York Post|date=April 19, 2013|first=Linda|last=Stasi|accessdate=September 28, 2017}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''The Gong Show'' | Mwenyewe | Kipindi: "Will Arnett/Jennifer Aniston/Jack Black" |<ref>{{Citation|title=Will Arnett/Jennifer Aniston/Jack Black|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7188918/|access-date=2018-08-26}}</ref> |- | 2019 | ''The Morning Show'' | | |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2017/11/apple-reese-witherspoon-jennifer-aniston-morning-show-series-2-season-order-amazing-stories-reboot-1202204293/|title=Apple Gives Reese Witherspoon-Jennifer Aniston Morning Show Series 2-Season Order, Confirms ‘Amazing Stories’ Reboot|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=November 8, 2017|first= Nellie|last= Andreeva|accessdate=November 8, 2017}}</ref> |} ==Tuzo== === Directors Guild of America Award=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |64th Directors Guild of America Awards |''Five'' |Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Miniseries or TV Film |Aliteuliwa | |} === Golden Globe Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |59th Golden Globe Awards | rowspan="2" |''Friends'' |Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Miniseries or a Motion Picture Made for Television |Aliteuliwa | |- |60th Golden Globe Awards |Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy |Alishinda | |- |72nd Golden Globe Awards |''Cake'' |Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama |Aliteuliwa | |} === Primetime Emmy Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |52nd Primetime Emmy Awards | rowspan="5" |''Friends'' | rowspan="2" |Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | |- |53rd Primetime Emmy Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |54th Primetime Emmy Awards | rowspan="3" |Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series |Alishinda | |- |55th Primetime Emmy Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |56th Primetime Emmy Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |61st Primetime Emmy Awards |''30 Rock'' |Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | |} === Screen Actors Guild Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Maka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"|Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2nd Screen Actors Guild Awards | rowspan="9" |''Friends'' | rowspan="4" |Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Alishinda | |- |5th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |6th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |7th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- | rowspan="2" |8th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |9th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- | rowspan="2" |Screen Actors Guild Awards |Aliteuliwa |- |10th Screen Actors Guild Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |21st Screen Actors Guild Awards |''Cake'' |Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role |Aliteuliwa | |} === [[JoBlo.com|Golden Schmoes Awards]] === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |''Horrible Bosses'' | rowspan="2" |Best T&A of the Year |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003023/2011/1/|title=Golden Schmoes Awards (2011)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2013 |''We're the Millers'' |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003023/2013/1/|title=Golden Schmoes Awards (2013)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} ===Guy's Choice Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 | |Decade of Hotness |Alishinda | |} === MTV Movie & TV Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- | rowspan="2" |2004 MTV Movie Awards |''Bruce Almighty'' |MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (<small>pamoja na [[Jim Carrey]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |''Along Came Polly'' |MTV Movie Award for Best Dance Sequence(<small> pamoja na [[Ben Stiller]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa |- |2011 MTV Movie Awards |''Just Go with It'' |MTV Movie Award for Best Actor in a Movie |Aliteuliwa | |- |2012 MTV Movie Awards |''Horrible Bosses'' |MTV Movie Award for Best Villain - Best On-Screen Dirt Bag |Alishinda | |- | rowspan="3" |2014 MTV Movie Awards | rowspan="3" |''We're the Millers'' |MTV Movie Award for Best Actor in a Movie - Best Female Performance |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="3" | |- |MTV Movie Award for Best Shirtless Performance - Best Shirtless Performance |Aliteuliwa |- |MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (<small>pamoja na [[Will Poulter]] & [[Emma Roberts]]</small>) |Alishinda |} === Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |1997 Kids' Choice Awards | rowspan="6" |''Friends'' | rowspan="2" |Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Female TV Star |Aliteuliwa | |- |1999 Kids' Choice Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |2000 Kids' Choice Awards |Favorite Television Friends (<small>pamoja na [[Courteney Cox]] & [[Lisa Kudrow]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa | |- |2002 Kids' Choice Awards | rowspan="3" |Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Female TV Star |Aliteuliwa | |- |2003 Kids' Choice Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |2004 Kids' Choice Awards |Aliteuliwa | |- |2009 Kids' Choice Awards |''Marley & Me'' |Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards - Favorite Movie Actress |Aliteuliwa | |} === People's Choice Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |27th People's Choice Awards | rowspan="4" |''Friends'' | rowspan="4" |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Female Television Performer |Alishinda | |- |28th People's Choice Awards |Alishinda | |- |29th People's Choice Awards |Alishinda | |- |30th People's Choice Awards |Alishinda | |- |32nd People's Choice Awards | |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Olay Total Effects Make-Up Look |Alishinda | |- | rowspan="2" |33rd People's Choice Awards | rowspan="2" |''The Break-Up'' |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Female Movie Star |Alishinda | rowspan="2" | |- |People's Choice Awards: Favorite On-Screen Match-Up(<small>pamoja na [[Vince Vaughn]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa |- |36th People's Choice Awards |''He's Just Not That into You'' | rowspan="3" |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Movie Actress |Aliteuliwa | |- |37th People's Choice Awards |''The Switch'' |Aliteuliwa | |- | rowspan="2" |38th People's Choice Awards |''Just Go with It'' |{Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |''Just Go with It''<br/>''Horrible Bosses'' | rowspan="2" |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Comedic Movie Actress |Aliteuliwa |- |39th People's Choice Awards |''Wanderlust'' |Alishinda | |- | rowspan="3" |40th People's Choice Awards | rowspan="3" |''We're the Millers'' |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Movie Actress |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="3" | |- |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Comedic Movie Actress |Aliteuliwa |- |People's Choice Awards: Favorite Movie Duo (<small>pamoja na [[Jason Sudeikis]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa |} === Teen Choice Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- | rowspan="2" |2002 Teen Choice Awards | |Hottie - Female |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- | rowspan="2" |''Friends'' | rowspan="2" |Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Actress Comedy |Alishinda |- | rowspan="5" |2003 Teen Choice Awards |Alishinda | rowspan="5" | |- | rowspan="3" |''The Good Girl'' |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie Actress - Drama/Action-Adventure |Alishinda |- |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie - Liar |Aliteuliwa |- |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie - Liplock (<small>pamoja na [[Jake Gyllenhaal]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa |- |''Bruce Almighty'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy |Aliteuliwa |- |2004 Teen Choice Awards |''Friends'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Actress Comedy |Alishinda | |- | rowspan="2" |2006 Teen Choice Awards | rowspan="2" |''The Break-Up'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie - Chemistry (<small>pamoja na [[Vince Vaughn]]</small>) |Alishinda |- |2009 Teen Choice Awards |''Marley & Me ''<br/>''He's Just Not That into You'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy |Aliteuliwa | |- | rowspan="2" |2011 Teen Choice Awards | rowspan="2" |''Just Go with It'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie - Chemistry (<small>pamoja na [[Adam Sandler]]</small>) |Alishinda |- |2014 Teen Choice Awards |''We're the Millers'' |Teen Choice Awards: Choice Movie - Liplock (<small>pamoja na [[Will Poulter]] & [[Emma Roberts]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa | |- |2016 Teen Choice Awards |''Mother's Day'' |Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress – Comedy |Aliteuliwa | |} === Alliance of Women Film Journalists=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |''The Bounty Hunter'' | rowspan="4" |Actress Most In Need of a New Agent |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001984/2011/1/|title=Alliance of Women Film Journalists (2011)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2012 |''Just Go with It'' |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001984/2012/1/|title=Alliance of Women Film Journalists (2012)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2015 |''Horrible Bosses 2'' |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001984/2015/1/|title=Alliance of Women Film Journalists (2015)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2017 |''Mother's Day''<br/>''Office Christmas Party'' |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001984/2017/1/|title=Alliance of Women Film Journalists (2017)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Critics' Choice Movie Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |20th Critics' Choice Awards |''Cake'' |Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress |Aliteuliwa | |} === GLAAD Media Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |- |2007 | |GLAAD Vanguard Award |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000286/2007/1/|title=GLAAD Media Awards (2007)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === [http://ofta.cinemasight.com/ Online Film & Television Association Awards] {{Wayback|url=http://ofta.cinemasight.com/ |date=20160222120254 }} === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- | rowspan="2" |1997 | rowspan="10" |''Friends'' |Best Ensemble in a Series |ALiteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/1st-annual-tv-awards-1996-97/|title=1st Annual TV Awards (1996-97) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |Best Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Alishinda |- | rowspan="2" |1998 |Best Ensemble in a Series |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/2nd-annual-tv-awards-1997-98/|title=2nd Annual TV Awards (1997-98) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Best Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa |- |1999 |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/3rd-annual-tv-awards-1998-99/|title=3rd Annual TV Awards (1998-99) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2000 |Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/4th-annual-tv-awards-1999-2000/|title=4th Annual TV Awards (1999-2000) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |Best Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |2001 |Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/5th-annual-tv-awards-2000-01/|title=5th Annual TV Awards (2000-01) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |Best Ensemble in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa |- |2002 |Best Lead Actress in a Comedy Series |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/6th-annual-tv-awards-2001-02/|title=6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2009 |''30 Rock'' |Best Guest Actress in a Comedy Series |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.oftaawards.com/television-awards/13th-annual-tv-awards-2008-09/|title=13th Annual TV Awards (2008-09) - Online Film & Television Association|website=www.oftaawards.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Online Film Critics Society Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |Online Film Critics Society Awards 2002 |''The Good Girl'' |Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress|Best Lead Actress |Aliteuliwa | |} === Women's Image Network Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |''The Switch'' |Women's Image Network Awards: Actress Feature Film |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0002887/2010/1/|title=Women's Image Network Awards (2010)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Capri-Hollywood International Film Festival Awards=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2014 |''Cake'' |Capri Hollywood International Film Festival: Best Actress |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001243/2014/1/|title=Capri, Hollywood (2014)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} ===CineVegas International Film Festival Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2007 |''Room 10'' |CineVegas: Best Short Film |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000959/2007/1/|title=CineVegas International Film Festival (2007)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Giffoni Film Festival Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2016 |{{n/a}} |Giffoni Film Festival: Experience Award |Alishinda | |} === Hollywood Film Festival Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2002 |''The Good Girl'' |Hollywood Film Awards:Actress of the Year |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000326/2002/1/|title=Hollywood Film Awards (2002)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Santa Barbara International Film Festival Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2015 |''Cake'' |Santa Barbara International Film Festival: Montecito Award |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000589/2015/1/|title=Santa Barbara International Film Festival (2015)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === National Association of Theatre Owners: ShoWest Convention Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2005 | |Female Star of the Year |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000608/2005/1/|title=ShoWest Convention, USA (2005)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Aftonbladet TV Prize Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2001 | rowspan="4" |''Friends'' | rowspan="4" |Best Foreign Television Personality - Female |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000880/2001/1/|title=Aftonbladet TV Prize, Sweden (2001)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2002 |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000880/2002/1/|title=Aftonbladet TV Prize, Sweden (2002)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2003 |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000880/2003/1/|title=Aftonbladet TV Prize, Sweden (2003)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2004 |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000880/2004/1/|title=Aftonbladet TV Prize, Sweden (2004)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === American Comedy Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |1996 | rowspan="3" |''Friends'' | rowspan="3" |Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a Television Series |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000019/1996/1/|title=American Comedy Awards, USA (1996)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |1999 |ALiteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000019/1999/1/|title=American Comedy Awards, USA (1999)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |2001 |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000019/2001/1/|title=American Comedy Awards, USA (2001)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Jupiter Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2016 |''She's Funny That Way'' |Jupiter Award: Best International Actress |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0002256/2016/1/|title=Jupiter Award (2016)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Logie Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2004 |''Friends'' |Logie Award for Most Popular Actress: Most Popular Overseas Star |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000401/2004/1/|title=Logie Awards (2004)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === National Movie Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |''Just Go with It'' |National Movie Awards: Best Performance of the Year |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001537/2011/1/|title=National Movie Awards, UK (2011)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Russian National Movie Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2012 |''Just Go with It'' | rowspan="2" |Russian National Movie Awards: Best Foreign Actress of the Year |ALiteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0004399/2012/1/|title=Russian National Movie Awards (2012)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''We're the Millers'' |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0004399/2014/1/|title=Russian National Movie Awards (2014)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- | |Russian National Movie Awards: Best Foreign Actress of the Decade |Aliteuliwa |} === Yoga Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |''Love Happens''<br/>''The Bounty Hunter''<br/>''The Switch'' |Worst Foreign Actress |ALishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003647/2011/1/|title=Yoga Awards (2011)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Elle Women in Hollywood Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2011 |Woman of the Year |Alishinda | |} === Gold Derby Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2015 |''Cake'' |Gold Derby Award for Best Actress: Best Actress |Aliteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0003547/2015/1/|title=Gold Derby Awards (2015)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Golden Raspberry Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- | 17th Golden Raspberry Awards | ''She's the One'' | Golden Raspberry Award for Worst New Star | Aliteuliwa | |- | rowspan="3"| 31st Golden Raspberry Awards | ''The Bounty Hunter'' | rowspan="2"| Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress | rowspan="2" Aliteuliwa | rowspan="3"| |- | ''The Switch'' |- | ''The Bounty Hunter '' | Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Combo (<small>pamoja na [[Gerard Butler]]</small>) | Aliteuliwa |- | 32nd Golden Raspberry Awards | ''Just Go with It'' | Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Combo (<small>pamoja na [[Adam Sandler]]</small>) | {Aliteuliwa | |- | 36th Golden Raspberry Awards | ''Cake'' | The Razzie Redeemer Award | Aliteuliwa | |} === Gracie Allen Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2012 |''Five'' |Gracie Awards: Outstanding Drama |ALishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000966/2012/1/|title=Gracie Allen Awards (2012)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === Independent Spirit Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |18th Independent Spirit Awards |''The Good Girl'' |Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead |Aliteuliwa | |} === [[People Magazine Awards]] === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |People Magazine Awards |''Cake'' |Movie Performance of the Year - Female |Alishinda | |} === Satellite Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |4th Golden Satellite Awards | rowspan="2" |''Friends'' | rowspan="2" |Satellite Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy|Best Actress in a Series - Comedy or Musical |Aliteuliwa | |- | rowspan="2" |7th Golden Satellite Awards |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" | |- |''The Good Girl'' |Satellite Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical |Aliteuliwa |} === TV Guide Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2000 |''Friends'' |TV Guide Award: Editor's Choice Award |Alishinda |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000664/2000/1/|title=TV Guide Awards (2000)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |} === TV Land Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2005 | rowspan="5" |''Friends'' | rowspan="2" |Little Screen/Big Screen Star |ALiteuliwa |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001221/2005/1/|title=TV Land Awards (2005)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2006 |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001221/2006/1/|title=TV Land Awards (2006)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |Most Memorable Kiss (<small>shared with [[David Schwimmer]]</small>) |Aliteuliwa |- | rowspan="2" |2007 |Little Screen/Big Screen Star |Aliteuliwa | rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0001221/2007/1/|title=TV Land Awards (2007)|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> |- |Break-Up That Was So Bad It Was Good (<small>pamoja na David Schwimmer</small>) |Aliteuliwa |} === Hollywood Walk of Fame Star === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2012 | |270 Hollywood, Blvd. - Motion Picture |Alishinda | |} === Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" style="width:1em;"| Mwaka ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Filamu ! scope="col" style="width:39em;"| Tuzo ! scope="col" style="width:5em;"| Matokeo ! scope="col" style="width:2em;" class="unsortable"| Marejeo |- |2009 | |Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards: Crystal Award |Alishinda | |} == References == {{reflist|2}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] 14aafbqcmosgv1vbfmq5pwad2w2fc5o 0 121493 1542335 1539478 2026-05-13T21:54:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542335 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Habib Girgis''' (yaani ''Mpendwa Joji''; [[jina]] kamili likiwa Habib Qozman Mankarious Girgis; [[1876]] - [[21 Agosti]] [[1951]]) alikuwa [[shemasi]] wa [[Kanisa]] la [[Wakopti]] aliyewajibika sana kuinua ujuzi wa [[dini]] katika Kanisa hilo<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://sacpress.com.au/collections/religous-education/products/habib-girgis-coptic-orthodox-educator-and-a-light-in-the-darkness |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2020-02-21 |archivedate=2020-02-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221125859/https://sacpress.com.au/collections/religous-education/products/habib-girgis-coptic-orthodox-educator-and-a-light-in-the-darkness }}</ref>. Alitangazwa na [[Sinodi]] yake kuwa [[mtakatifu]] [[tarehe]] [[20 Juni]] [[2013]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.coptic.org.au/modules/resources_literature/article.php?page=1&articleid=106 ''The Theological School of Alexandria'' by Father Mathew Attia] {{Wayback|url=http://www.coptic.org.au/modules/resources_literature/article.php?page=1&articleid=106 |date=20120209120559}} {{en}} *[http://www.coptichistory.org/new_page_569.htm The story and significance of Archdeacon Habib Girgis] {{Wayback|url=http://www.coptichistory.org/new_page_569.htm |date=20180210041835 }} {{ar}} *[http://translate.google.ca/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coptichistory.org%2Fnew_page_569.htm&hl=en&ie=UTF8&sl=ar&tl=en The story and significance of Archdeacon Habib Girgis]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{en}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{BD|1876|1951}} [[Jamii:Mashemasi]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Misri]] ebbaw4n3rtzb3q33cffw2rl67k2aanl 0 139705 1542291 1322216 2026-05-13T21:15:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = |jina =Gordon Michael Alexander Buchanan |picha =Mike Buchanan, January 2020.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha =Picha ya Kiongozi wa Haki kwa Wanaume na Wavulana |jina la kuzaliwa = |alizaliwa = |alikufa = |nchi = |kazi yake =Mwanaharakati |ndoa = |wazazi = |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Gordon Michael Alexander Buchanan''' <ref>{{cite book | last = Dalby | first = David (Acting Returning Officer) | title = Notice of election agents' names and offices, Ashfield District Council: Election of a Member of Parliament for Ashfield Constituency | publisher = [[Ashfield District Council]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110153532/https://www.ashfield.gov.uk/media/1443/agents_parliamentary.pdf | archive-date = 10 November 2017 | url = https://www.ashfield.gov.uk/media/1443/agents_parliamentary.pdf | date = 9 April 2015 | access-date = 12 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Mr Gordon Michael Alexander Buchanan | url = https://companycheck.co.uk/director/906566656/MR-GORDON-MICHAEL-ALEXANDER-BUCHANAN/summary | website = companycheck.co.uk | publisher = Company Check | access-date = 16 December 2017 | archive-date = 2018-07-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180712052027/https://companycheck.co.uk/director/906566656/MR-GORDON-MICHAEL-ALEXANDER-BUCHANAN/summary | url-status = dead }}</ref> (alizaliwa 8 Desemba 1957) <ref name=Congress>{{cite web|title=Buchanan, Mike, 1957-|url=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2008018563.html|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=7 January 2019|quote=Email from pub., Mar. 14, 2008:(b. 8 Dec. 1957; Gordon Michael Alexander Buchanan)}}</ref> alianzisha na tangu mda huo amekuwa akiongoza au mwenyekiti wa chama kidogo cha siasa, haki kwa wanaume na wavulana (na wanawake wanaowapenda) (J4MB) , huko [[Uingereza]]. Pia ni mtoa maoni katika vyombo vya habari kuhusisna na masuala ya haki za wanaume. {{mbegu-mtu}} ==Marejeo== [[jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[jamii:wanaharakati]] [[Jamii:Mashindano ya uandishi wa makala za haki za binadamu]] e8pdvuh6oq05td9ofnnney6u4og4yf0 0 143126 1542188 1500483 2026-05-13T19:26:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali | title = Gabriel Geay | image = [[Faili:Gabriel Geay (3x4a).jpg|200px]] | caption = Gabriel Geay wakati wa Marathon ya Boston 2022 | label1 = Tarehe ya kuzaliwa | data1 = 10 Septemba 1996 | label2 = Mahali pa kuzaliwa | data2 = [[Madunga]], [[Wilaya ya Babati]], [[Mkoa wa Manyara]], [[Tanzania]] | label3 = Taifa | data3 = Mtanzania | label4 = Kazi | data4 = Mwanariadha (mbio ndefu) | label5 = Tukio kuu | data5 = [[Marathon]], [[5000m]], [[10,000m]], [[Half marathon]] | label6 = Rekodi binafsi | data6 = 5000 m: 13:20.35 (2017)<br/> 10,000 m: 28:04.98 (2016)<br/> 10 km: 28:17 (2022)<br/> Half marathon: 59:18 (2025) <br/> Marathon: 2:03:00 (2022) | label7 = Medali | data7 = Fedha – [[Boston Marathon 2023]] (Marathon) }} '''Gabriel Gerald Geay''' (alizaliwa [[10 Septemba]] [[1996]]) ni [[Riadha|mwanariadha]] wa mbio ndefu kutoka [[Tanzania]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Gerald GEAY {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/tanzania/gabriel-gerald-geay-14677692|work=www.worldathletics.org|accessdate=2021-10-11}}</ref> Geay ameshindana kwenye viwango vya juu kwenye umbali wa 5000 kupitia nusu marathoni<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ARRS - Runner: Gabriel Gerald Geay|url=http://arrs.auguszt.in/runner/40507|work=arrs.auguszt.in|accessdate=2021-10-11}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Geay alishinda mbio maarufu za barabarani ikiwemo ya Peachtree Road race ya mwaka [[2016]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Unlikely winner of AJC Peachtree is Tanzanian Gabriel Geay|url=https://www.ajc.com/sports/unlikely-winner-ajc-peachtree-tanzanian-gabriel-geay/gCfhyXzD7BH7d179vJp2RL/|work=ajc|accessdate=2021-10-11|language=English}}</ref> na Bolder Boulder 10,000 ya mwaka [[2017]]. Mpaka Julai [[2018]], Geay alikuwa amepata kiasi cha [[Dola ya Marekani|dola za Marekani]] 33,000 kama hela ya ushindi<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ARRS - Runner: Gabriel Gerald Geay|url=http://arrs.auguszt.in/runner/40507|work=arrs.auguszt.in|accessdate=2021-10-11}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Gerald GEAY {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/tanzania/gabriel-gerald-geay-14677692|work=www.worldathletics.org|accessdate=2021-10-11}}</ref> Mwaka 2017, alishiriki mbio za wanaume kwenye michuano IAAF World cross country mwaka 2017 iliyofanyika [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]].<ref name=":0">0_R_COR (iaaf.org)</ref> Alimaliza nafasi ya 22.<ref name=":0" /> Mwaka [[2019]], alishiriki mbio za wanaume kwenye michuano ya IAAF World cross country yaliofanyika Aarhus, [[Denmark]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Gerald GEAY {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/tanzania/gabriel-gerald-geay-14677692|work=worldathletics.org|accessdate=2021-10-11}}</ref> <ref name=":1">0_R_COR (iaaf.org)</ref>Alimaliza nafasi ya 88.<ref name=":1" /> Mwaka 2021 alishika nafasi ya 6 akiweka rekodi mpya ya Tanzania ya 2:04:55 kwenye Milano Marathoni nchini Italia. Kwa rekodi hii ilimfanya afuzu kushiriki  michezo ya [[Olimpiki|olimpiki 2020]] kwenye marathoni ya wanaume jijini Tokyo. Alishiriki kwenye Olimpiki na mwenzake [[Alphonce Simbu|Alphonce Felix Simbu]] kwenye Marathoni ya wanaume mnamo August [[2021]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabriel Gerald GEAY {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/tanzania/gabriel-gerald-geay-14677692|work=worldathletics.org|accessdate=2021-10-11}}</ref> Mwaka [[2023]] alishika nafasi ya 2 akiweka rekodi mpya ya 2:06:04 kwenye [[Marathoni ya Boston]] nchini Marekani.<ref>https://www.boston.com/sports/boston-marathon/2023/04/17/boston-marathon-2023-winners-results-list/</ref> ===Mashindano ya Kimataifa=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%" |- ! width=5 | Mwaka ! width=10 | Jina la Mashindano ! width=5| Sehemu ! width=15| Nafasi ! width=15| Urefu wa mbio ! width=15| Muda aliotumia |- |2014 |Michuano ya Vijana ya Afrika |[[Addis Ababa]], Ethiopia |4 |5000 m |14:59.87 |- |2017 |Mashindano ya Dunia ya mbio ndefu |[[Kampala]], Uganda |22 | |29:47 |- |2017 |Mashindano ya Dunia |Londoni, Uingereza |– |5000 m |- |2019 |Mashindano ya Dunia ya mbio ndefu |Aarhus, Denmark |87 |2019 |35:16 |- |2019 |Mashindano ya Afrika |Rabat, Morocco |6 |1500 m Mbio za mita 1500 Afrika kwa Wanaume 2019 |3:39.29 |- |2021 |Mashindano ya Olimpiki 2020 |Tokyo, Japani |– |Mbio ndefu za Majira ya Joto 2020 |- |2022 |2022 Mashindano ya Dunia ya mbio ndefu |Eugene, Oregon|Eugene, OR, Marekani |7 |2022 Mashindano ya Dunia ya mbio ndefu Wanaume |2:07:31 |- |- |2023 |2023 Marathoni ya Bostoni, Marekani |Bostoni, Marekani |2 |Marathoni |2:06:04 |} ===Mataji ya Kitaifa=== * Ubingwa wa mbio za Marathoni Tanzania ** 800 Mita: 2018 ** 1500 Mita: 2018 ** 5000 Mita: 2020 == Marejeo == {{mbegu-Mtanzania}} {{BD|1996|}} [[Jamii:wanariadha wa Tanzania]] [[Category:wanariadha wa Olimpiki wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:USLW DOM]] lhcz5o5p4hu5dessf2dn52er8ebwgk7 0 146911 1542072 1512172 2026-05-13T17:51:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatna El Bouih''' (aliyezaliwa [[1956]]) ni [[mwanaharakati]] na mwandishi wa haki za binadamu [[Moroko]]. Alifungwa kwa miaka mitano, aliendelea na kazi yake, hasa kama mtetezi wa haki za wanawake, alipoachiliwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Fatna El Bouih «Une femme nommée Rachid»|url=https://www.maghress.com/fr/lagazette/16992|work=Maghress|accessdate=2022-02-28}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Tanbihi== <references /> # Casti, Danilo (2008-05-16). "Fatna El Bouih «Une femme nommée Rachid»". ''La Gazette du Maroc''. Retrieved 2020-11-14. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Mashindano ya uandishi wa makala za haki za binadamu]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Moroko]] [[Jamii:Arusha Women in Wiki]] hkqt50v8ubefveumxkwnb9m94iviz0e 0 147633 1542274 1512986 2026-05-13T20:51:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542274 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Gladys Ngetich at Rare Rising Award Ceremony2 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Gladys Chepkirui Ngetich]] '''Gladys Chepkirui Ngetich''', (alizaliwa [[mwaka]] [[1991]]) ni [[mhandisi]] wa nchini [[Kenya]], na mwanazuoni wa Rhodes,<ref>[https://www.rhodeshouse.ox.ac.uk/scholars/rhodes-scholars-class-of-2015/gladys-ngetich/ Rhodeshouse]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2015|title=Rhodes Scholars Class of 2015|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2019*/https://www.rhodeshouse.ox.ac.uk/community/list-of-rhodes-scholars/scholars/rhodes-scholars-class-of-2015/|accessdate=2021-10-12|work=web.archive.org}}</ref> anaesoma [[shahada]] ya udaktari katika [[uhandisi]] wa [[anga]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]], nchini [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/-Gladys-Ngetich-rejected-for-298-KCPE-marks-shines-in-UK/1056-4679954-r39yqi/index.html|title=Student rejected for 298 KCPE marks shines in the UK|accessdate=26 July 2018|date=25 July 2018|first=Stella|author=Cherono}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/31708-gladys-ngetich-listed-among-10-rising-stars-uk|title=Kenyan Girl With 298 KCPE Marks Shines In UK|date=2018-07-25}}</ref> Pia ndiye mpokeaji wa Ushirika wa Tanenbaum na [[Tuzo]] la Ubora la Babaroa.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-42655179|title=Why are there so few female engineers?|author=Briggs|date=2018}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/filla/lazy-student-rejected-in-africa-wins-uk-s-best-student-award-id8654617.html|title='Lazy' student rejected by African schools wins UK's top 10 best students award|author=Kamasah|accessdate=2022-03-16|archivedate=2018-07-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726111733/https://www.pulse.com.gh/filla/lazy-student-rejected-in-africa-wins-uk-s-best-student-award-id8654617.html}}</ref> == Historia na elimu == Ngetich alizaliwa katika [[Kijiji]] cha [[Amalo]], [[Kaunti ya Nakuru]] . Alisomea [[Shule ya Msingi]] ya Lelaibei huko Olenguruone. Alisoma katika Shule ya sekondari ya Wasichana ya Mercy huko [[Kericho]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/-Gladys-Ngetich-rejected-for-298-KCPE-marks-shines-in-UK/1056-4679954-r39yqi/index.html|title=Student rejected for 298 KCPE marks shines in the UK|accessdate=26 July 2018|date=25 July 2018|first=Stella|author=Cherono}}Cherono, Stella (25 July 2018). [https://www.nation.co.ke/news/-Gladys-Ngetich-rejected-for-298-KCPE-marks-shines-in-UK/1056-4679954-r39yqi/index.html "Student rejected for 298 KCPE marks shines in the UK"]. ''[[Daily Nation]]''. Nairobi. Retrieved 2018</ref> Alidahiliwa katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kilimo na Teknolojia cha Jomo Kenyatta]], na kuhitimu shahada ya Sayansi katika [[Uhandisi mitambo|uhandisi wa mitambo]], mwaka [[2013]]. Mnamo mwaka [[2015]], Ngetich alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]] kupitia Rhodes Scholarship ili kusomea shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika Uhandisi wa Anga na Anga za Juu (Aerospace Engineering). Mwaka [[2016]], alipata Tanenbaum Fellowship, ufadhili wa kila mwaka unaotolewa kwa wanufaika wa Rhodes kwa ajili ya [[programu]] ya kina inayofanyika nchini [[Israel]]. Mnamo mwaka [[2018]], Ngetich aliteuliwa kuwa Mshirika wa Skoll World Forum (Skoll World Forum Fellow) kwa kazi anayoifanya nchini Kenya ya kuwawezesha [[Msichana|wasichana]] na [[Mwanamke|wanawake]]. Pia hufundisha wanafunzi wa shahada ya kwanza ya uhandisi katika Oriel College.<ref name="2R">Oriel College (24 July 2014). "Oriel's People: Miss Gladys Chepkirui Ngetich BSc". Oxford: Oriel College, Oxford. Iliwekwa mnamo 13 Oktoba 2018.</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Kama ilivyoelezwa katika ''Nature'', Ngetich anafurahia kukimbia, [[muziki]] wa [[dansi]] wa [[Bongo Flava|Bongo]] na [[hip-hop]] ya [[Kiswahili]]. <ref>{{Rejea jarida|last=Gewin|first=Virginia|date=24 Oct 2019|title=Where I Work - Gladys Ngetich|url=https://media.nature.com/original/magazine-assets/d41586-019-03077-3/d41586-019-03077-3.pdf|journal=Nature|volume=574|issue=7779|pages=590|doi=10.1038/d41586-019-03077-3|pmid=31641269|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTT68YXzI6g Uwasilishaji wa Video Fupi na Gladys Ngetich, PhD.] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTT68YXzI6g Ilichapishwa tarehe 14 Novemba 2019.] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{WAST KRM}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Wahandisi wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Afrocuration Project 2022 Tanzania]] 5xm8q4j12f1vip63q0olywalhwtv6j0 0 152384 1542373 1513928 2026-05-13T23:28:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542373 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Vue de la montagne à Fazao.jpg|alt=Muonekano wa mlima wa Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Fazao.|thumb|Muonekano wa mlima wa Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Fazao.]] '''Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Fazao Malfakassa''', ndiyo mbuga ya [[taifa]] kubwa zaidi kati ya mbuga tatu za nchini [[Togo]], <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRmDAAAAQBAJ|title=Lonely Planet West Africa|last=Planet|first=Lonely|last2=Ham|first2=Anthony|last3=Carillet|first3=Jean-Bernard|last4=Clammer|first4=Paul|last5=Filou|first5=Emilie|last6=Masters|first6=Tom|last7=Mutic|first7=Anja|last8=Sieg|first8=Caroline|last9=Thomas|first9=Kate|date=2013-08-01|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=9781743217825|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://archive.org/details/biodiversityinsu0000stua|title=Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Islands: Conservation, Management, and Sustainable Use|last=Stuart|first=S. N.|last2=Adams|first2=Richard J.|last3=Jenkins|first3=Martin|publisher=IUCN|year=1990|isbn=9782831700212|page=[https://archive.org/details/biodiversityinsu0000stua/page/215 215]|url-access=registration}}</ref> nyingine zikiwa ni kama Kéran na Fosse aux Lions . Iko kati ya [[Mkoa wa Kara, Togo|Mkoa wa Kara]] na [[Mkoa wa Kati, Togo|Mkoa]] wa Kati katika ardhi oevu yenye vilima, na ni sehemu ya mpaka na [[Ghana]] . Fondation Franz Weber iliidhinishwa na [[serikali]] kusimamia hifadhi hiyo kwa miaka 25, kuanzia mwaka [[1990]] na kumalizika mwaka [[2015]]. <ref name="FFW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ffw.ch/en/espacios_ffw/fazao-malfakassa-national-park-ae-togo/1|title=Fazao Malfakassa National Park - Togo|publisher=Fondation Franz Weber|accessdate=2022-06-14|archivedate=2016-10-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023141510/http://www.ffw.ch/en/espacios_ffw/fazao-malfakassa-national-park-ae-togo/1}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://info.undp.org/docs/pdc/Documents/TGO/PRODOC_4220%20Togo%20Protected%20Areas_FINAL_APPROVED.pdf|title=Strengthening the conservation role of Togo’s national System of Protected Areas (PA)|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|accessdate=2022-06-14|archive-date=2017-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202013312/https://info.undp.org/docs/pdc/Documents/TGO/PRODOC_4220%20Togo%20Protected%20Areas_FINAL_APPROVED.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha 2022]] [[Jamii:Utalii]] [[Jamii:Utalii wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Utalii nchi kwa nchi]] [[Jamii:IUCN Jamii II]] b6b5wq93ww5ftrypvo47gxe8cz8jgob 0 166150 1542077 1512208 2026-05-13T18:00:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fazila Chiyembekezo''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa nchini [[Malawi]] ambaye anacheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya Rivers Angels na Timu ya Taifa ya Wanawake Malawi. == Klabu == Hapo awali Chiyembekezo alichezea klabu ya Skippers nchini Malawi, baadae aliuzwa kwa mkopo katika klabu ya Rivers Angels mnamo [[Januari]] [[2022]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.mwnation.com/skippers-demolish-functured-34-0-in-fam-womens-league/|title=Skippers demolish Functured 34-0 in FAM Women’s League|website=The Nation|first=Frankie|last=Kalilombe|date=9 July 2019|accessdate=15 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-01-30 |title=MALAWIAN STRIKER SIGNS FOR NIGERIA WOMEN’S LEAGUE CHAMPIONS |url=https://en.africatopsports.com/2022/01/30/malawian-striker-signs-for-nigeria-womens-league-champions/ |access-date=2022-02-05 |website=Africa Top Sports }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ushiriki Kimataifa == Chiyembekezo aliichezea Timu ya Taifa ya Wanawake Malawi katika [[mashindano]] Kombe la Wanawake la COSAFA 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Fazila Chembekezo - Soccer player profile & career statistics - Global Sports Archive|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/fazila-chembekezo/517873/|work=globalsportsarchive.com|accessdate=2023-03-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] livvohq2emtzv8elk6hi03ckmp4x24i 0 171542 1541951 1541082 2026-05-13T14:32:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelmalek Amara''' (alizaliwa 10 Machi [[2000]]) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa anayechezea klabu ya Chantilly. Abdelmalek ni mzaliwa wa [[Ufaransa]], anayeiwakilisha [[Algeria]] kimataifa. ==Kazi Yake Katika Klabu== Abdelmalek Akiwa katika nafasi ya vijana wa Le Havre na Bastia, [[waraka]] ulipigwa risasi na Fabrice Macaux kwenye taaluma yake na matumaini yake ya kuwa [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa..<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Renaudet|first=Maxime| date = 10 Julai 2020| title = " J’avais toujours l’espoir qu'Abdel signe avec le HAC "|url=https://www.sofoot.com/fabrice-macaux-j-avais-toujours-l-espoir-qu-abdel-signe-avec-le-hac-485821.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721105037/https://www.sofoot.com/fabrice-macaux-j-avais-toujours-l-espoir-qu-abdel-signe-avec-le-hac-485821.html |archive-date=21 July 2020 |access-date=21 July 2020|website=[[So Foot]]|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=| date = 8 Julai 2020| title = Fußball um jeden Preis|url=https://www.radiobielefeld.de/service/lifestyle-und-freizeit/detailansicht/fussball-um-jeden-preis.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721111917/https://www.radiobielefeld.de/service/lifestyle-und-freizeit/detailansicht/fussball-um-jeden-preis.html|archive-date=21 July 2020|access-date=21 July 2020|website=Radio Bielefeld|language=de|accessdate=2023-06-11|archivedate=2020-07-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721111917/https://www.radiobielefeld.de/service/lifestyle-und-freizeit/detailansicht/fussball-um-jeden-preis.html}}</ref> ==Kazi Yake Kitaifa== Abdelmalek ni Mzaliwa wa Ufaransa, Amara ni mwenye asili ya [[Algeria]], Aliwakilisha Algeria U20s mnamo [[Mei]] [[2018]]. ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b25ascgle2qe3cwtt99zud5257ht8f0 0 175997 1541775 1529571 2026-05-13T12:08:49Z ~2026-28764-15 89292 1541775 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Xiaomi logo (2021-).svg|thumb|Logo ya Xiaomi]] '''Kampuni ya Xiaomi''' (ɕi̯ɑomi;<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-30848303|title=Jinsi ya kusema: Xiaomi|work=[[BBC News]]|date=12 Novemba 2018|access-date=29 Juni 2018|archive-date=24 Februari 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224161400/https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-30848303|url-status=live}}</ref> {{zh|c=[[wikt:小米|小米]]|l=}}), inajulikana kawaida kama '''ximi''' na imesajiliwa kama '''Xiaomi Inc.''' Ni [[kampuni]] inayojikita na utengenezaji wa vifaa mbalimbali vya simu, na vifaa vya nyumbani. Ni mtengenezaji wa pili kwa ukubwa wa [[simu ya mkononi]] [[Dunia|duniani]], nyuma ya [[Samsung]],<ref name=CNET>{{cite web|URL=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/xiaomi-overtakes-apple-as-the-worlds-number-two-smartphone-maker|title=Xiaomi inashinda Apple kama mtengenezaji wa simu ya mkononi wa pili duniani|publisher=[[CNET]]|date=16 Julai 2021|author=Pendlebury, Ty|access-date=7 Oktoba 2023}}</ref> ambayo kwa kiasi kikubwa inatumia mfumo wa [[Android]]. Kampuni hiyo inashika nafasi ya 338 na ni kampuni changa.<ref>{{cite web|date=2 Agosti 2021|title=Xiaomi inapanda kwenye orodha ya Global 500 ya Fortune (#338)|url=https://m.gsmarena.com/xiaomi_moves_up_on_fortunes_global_500_list_338_apple_is_near_the_top_6-news-50343.php|url-status=live|access-date=2 Agosti 2021|publisher=gsmarena.com|archive-date=2 Agosti 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802162124/https://m.gsmarena.com/xiaomi_moves_up_on_fortunes_global_500_list_338_apple_is_near_the_top_6-news-50343.php}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti | url=https://fortune.com/company/xiaomi/global500/ | title=Global 500: Xiaomi | publisher=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] | access-date=16 Septemba 2021 | archive-date=28 Oktoba 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028061057/https://fortune.com/company/xiaomi/global500/ | url-status=live}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news | first=Michael | last=Kan | title=Kwa nini Simu za Xiaomi ni Rahisi? | url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/2489472/why-are-xiaomi-phones-so-cheap-.html | work=[[Computerworld]] | date=16 Mei 2014 | access-date=16 Septemba 2021 | archive-date=16 Septemba 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916173222/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2489472/why-are-xiaomi-phones-so-cheap-.html | url-status=live | accessdate=2023-11-01 | archivedate=2021-09-16 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916173222/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2489472/why-are-xiaomi-phones-so-cheap-.html }}</ref> Ifikapo 2015, ilikuwa inaendeleza anuwai kubwa ya elektroniki za watumiaji.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.displaydaily.com/article/press-releases/the-china-smartphone-market-picks-up-slightly-in-2014q4-idc-reports |title=Soko la Simu za China linapanda kidogo katika 2014Q4, Ripoti ya IDC |date=17 Februari 2015 |publisher=IDC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217221541/http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prHK25437515 |archive-date=17 Februari 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Mwaka 2020, kampuni hiyo iliuza simu milioni 146.3 na UI yake ya simu ya mkononi ya MIUI ina zaidi ya watumiaji milioni 500 kila mwezi.<ref>{{Rejea habari | url=https://in.mashable.com/technlogy/25962/xiaomi-ui-has-gained-more-than-500m-monthly-active-users | title=UI ya Xiaomi Imepata Zaidi ya Watumiaji Milioni 500 Kila Mwezi | first=Praneeth | last=Palli | work=[[Mashable]] | date=23 Novemba 2021 | access-date=12 Januari 2022 | archive-date=12 Januari 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112213307/https://in.mashable.com/technlogy/25962/xiaomi-ui-has-gained-more-than-500m-monthly-active-users | url-status=live}}</ref> Kufikia 2023, Xiaomi ndiyo muuzaji wa tatu kwa ukubwa wa simu za mkononi ulimwenguni, na sehemu ya soko ya karibu 12%, kulingana na Counterpoint.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=8 Februari 2023 |title=Sehemu ya Soko la Simu ya Mkono Ulimwenguni: Q4 2020 hadi Q4 2022 |url=https://www.counterpointresearch.com/global-smartphone-share/ |access-date=1 Machi 2023 |website=Counterpoint Research |language=en-US |archive-date=17 Agosti 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817144648/https://www.counterpointresearch.com/global-smartphone-share/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Uwepo wake ulisababisha baadhi ya watu kuiita Xiaomi "Apple ya [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]]".<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/09/xiaomi-how-the-apple-of-china-grew-rapidly-into-80-new-markets.html | title='Apple ya China' iliongezeka kwa masoko mapya 80 katika miaka minne. Hivi ndivyo Xiaomi ilivyokua kwa haraka | first=Uptin | last=Saiidi | work=[[CNBC]] | date=10 Septemba 2019 | access-date=10 Septemba 2019 | archive-date=21 Septemba 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921035629/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/09/xiaomi-how-the-apple-of-china-grew-rapidly-into-80-new-markets.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Imekuja na anuwai yake ya vitu vya kuvaa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=18 Machi 2023 |title=Vitu vya Kuvaa 444.7m Apple Xiaomi |url=https://gembells.com/wearable-444-7m-apple-xiaomi/ |access-date=1 Aprili 2023 |language=en-US |archive-date=31 Machi 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331134406/https://gembells.com/wearable-444-7m-apple-xiaomi/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Pia ni mtengenezaji mkubwa wa vifaa ikiwa ni pamoja na [[televisheni]], torchi, ndege isiyokuwa na rubani, na kifaa cha kusafisha hewa kutumia mfumo wake wa ''Internet of things'' na ''Xiaomi Smart Home''. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/mobile-phones/10880495/How-can-Xiaomi-sell-its-phones-so-cheaply.html |title=Namna Xiaomi Inavyoweza Kuuza Simu Zake kwa Bei Nafuu? |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=6 Juni 2014 |location=Londresi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618155200/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/mobile-phones/10880495/How-can-Xiaomi-sell-its-phones-so-cheaply.html |archive-date=18 Juni 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/8/29/4672668/what-is-xiaomi-china-smartphone-hugo-barra-android |title=Ni nini Xiaomi? Hapa ni kampuni ya Kichina ambayo ilichukua nyota kubwa ya Android |first=Dan | last=Seifert | work=[[The Verge]] |date=29 Agosti 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710235623/http://www.theverge.com/2013/8/29/4672668/what-is-xiaomi-china-smartphone-hugo-barra-android |archive-date=10 Julai 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| first=Rob | last=Triggs |title=Mfano wa Biashara wa Xiaomi unachukua Dunia |url=http://www.androidauthority.com/xiaomi-business-model-575619/ |website=Android Authority |date=22 Desemba 2014 |access-date=17 Februari 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217131634/http://www.androidauthority.com/xiaomi-business-model-575619/|archive-date=17 Februari 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/2156320/why-are-xiaomi-phones-so-cheap.html | title=Namna Gani Simu za Xiaomi Zinavyoweza Kuuzwa kwa Bei Nafuu? | first=Michael | last=Kan | work=[[PC World]] | date=16 Mei 2014 | access-date=16 Septemba 2021 | archive-date=16 Septemba 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916023805/https://www.pcworld.com/article/2156320/why-are-xiaomi-phones-so-cheap.html | url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- MOS:LEADLENGTH --> ==Listi ya baadhi ya simu za Xiaomi== *Xiaomi Mi 11: Ilizinduliwa mwaka 2020, ina kamera bora na utendaji wa hali ya juu. *Xiaomi Mi 11 Pro: Toleo la kuboreshwa la Mi 11 na sifa zaidi za kamera na utendaji. *Xiaomi Mi 11 Ultra: Simu yenye sifa za hali ya juu, hasa kwenye kamera na skrini. *Xiaomi Mi 10T Pro: Inajulikana kwa kamera yake bora na uwezo wa 5G. *Xiaomi Redmi Note 10: Simu ya bei nafuu na sifa nzuri za kamera. *Xiaomi Redmi Note 9 Pro: Inatoa utendaji mzuri kwa bei nafuu. *Xiaomi Poco X3: Simu yenye bei nafuu na utendaji mzuri. *Xiaomi Mi Mix 4: Inajulikana kwa muundo wake wa kuvutia na sifa za hali ya juu. *Xiaomi Redmi K40: Simu yenye bei nafuu na kamera bora. *Xiaomi Black Shark 4 Pro: Inalenga watumiaji wa michezo na ina utendaji wa hali ya juu. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Teknolojia]] [[Jamii:Uhandisi]] g0gq0lmc0ikz233kz5vpi0moe05oxpv 0 177996 1542051 1511789 2026-05-13T16:33:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542051 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enriqueta de Landaeta''' alikuwa profesa na mwalimu wa [[Venezuela]] ambaye alikuwa gwiji wa haki na mtetezi wa elimu ya wanawake. Kuanzia 1936 hadi 1938 alikuwa Mkurugenzi wa shirikisho ''la Escuela Jesús María Sifontes'' huko [[Guaicaipuro|Guaicaipuro, Venezuela]], ambayo ilikuwa mojawapo ya shule za msingi za kwanza kufunguliwa kwaajili ya wasichana mwaka wa 1917.<ref name="Escuela Jesús María Sifontes">{{Rejea tovuti|title=U.E.N. Jesús María Sifontes|url=http://carmen-saavedra.webnode.com.ve/news/u-e-n-jes%C3%B9s-mar%C3%ACa-sifontes/|work=U.E.N. Jesús María Sifontes|publisher=Carmen Saavedra|accessdate=27 July 2015|language=Spanish|date=2012|archive-date=2023-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225110555/https://carmen-saavedra.webnode.com.ve/news/u-e-n-jes%C3%B9s-mar%C3%ACa-sifontes/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kufikia 1947 alikuwa [[Caracas]] na kufundisha [[Historia]] ya Dunia, [[Jiografia]] na Historia ya [[Marekani]],<ref name="1947 teaching">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gaceta Oficial de los Estados Unidos de Venezuela|url=http://www.saime.gob.ve/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/22346.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924093547/http://www.saime.gob.ve/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/22346.pdf|archivedate=24 September 2015|work=Saime|publisher=Republica de Venezuela|accessdate=27 July 2015|language=Spanish|date=26 June 1947}}</ref> ambayo aliendelea hadi 1955.<ref name="1955 roster">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Sumario Diurno y Nocturno "Santos Michelena", de las Escuelas (le Química Industrial y Superior de Artes y Oficios para Mujeres, correspondientes a julio de 1955|url=http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1955/24788.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072311/http://www.pgr.gob.ve/dmdocuments/1955/24788.pdf|archivedate=2015-09-24|work=Repubhca i Ministerio de Sanídad y Asistencia Social|publisher=Republica de Venezuela|accessdate=27 July 2015|pages=1–16|language=Spanish|date=July 1955}}</ref> Mnamo 1959, kwa kuanzishwa kwa ''Liceo Santiago Key Ayala'', Landaeta alikua msaidizi mkuu. Shule hiyo, iliyoko Caracas ilikuwa mojawapo ya taasisi za kwanza kutoa Shahada ya Sayansi kwa wanawake.<ref name="El Liceo Santiago Key Ayala">{{Rejea tovuti|title=El Liceo Santiago Key Ayala|url=http://nelsonve.tripod.com/id1.html|work=Nelson Venezuela|publisher=Aldea Universitaria Santiago Key Ayala|accessdate=27 July 2015|language=Spanish}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 1947, Landaeta alihudhuria mkutano wa [[Primer Congreso Interamericano de Mujeres]] ambao ulikuwa mkutano wa wanawake uliofadhiliwa na [[Women's International League for Peace and Freedom]] (WILPF) ili kukuza mazungumzo ya wanawake kuhusu masuala ya ulimwengu na kukuza utambuzi wa haki za kiraia za wanawake.<ref name="Flores Asturias">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Flores Asturias|first=Ricardo|title=Las Mujeres no Votan Porque Sí: Congreso Interamericano de Mujeres, 1947|url=http://politicaysentidocomun.blogspot.com/2011/06/las-mujeres-no-votan-porque-si-congreso.html|work=Politica y Sentido Comun|publisher=Ricardo Flores Asturias|accessdate=19 June 2015|language=Spanish|date=6 June 2011}}</ref><ref name="Miller (1991)">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sXiTQpR3crwC&pg=PA126|title=Latin American women and the search for social justice|last=Miller|first=Francesca|date=1991|publisher=University Press of New England|isbn=0-87451-557-2|location=Hanover|page=125|access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Venezuela]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wanawake]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} czqif60colkzt1m4cwwv04d6oe3bsuq 0 178763 1542080 1422532 2026-05-13T18:02:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person|jina=Felician V. M. Nkwera |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa=Luilo |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa=28 Aprili 1936 |mahala_pa_kufariki=Dar es Salaam |tarehe_ya_kufariki=8 Mei 2025 |uraia=Mtanzania|residence=|anafahamika=Padri mwasisi wa Kituo Cha Maombezi cha Mama Bikira Maria |miaka ya Upadri=1968-2025 |elimu= |Dini=Mkristo)|Dhehebu=Mkatoliki |tovuti= |bodi= |Washauri Wa Mwanzo= |nchi=Tanzania|utaifa=Mtanzania|nyumbani=Tanzania}} '''Felician Venant Nkwera''' ([[Luilo]], leo katika [[Wilaya ya Ludewa]], [[mkoa wa Njombe]], [[28 Aprili]] [[1936]] - [[Dar es Salaam]], [[8 Mei]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[padri]] aliyetengwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] <ref>https://peacefulsocieties.uncg.edu/2010/06/24/dissident-catholic-cult-simmers-in-fipa-territory/#:~:text=The%20story%20goes%20back%20to,Madunda%20Parish%2C%20in%20northern%20Tanzania {{Wayback|url=https://peacefulsocieties.uncg.edu/2010/06/24/dissident-catholic-cult-simmers-in-fipa-territory/#:~:text=The%20story%20goes%20back%20to,Madunda%20Parish%2C%20in%20northern%20Tanzania |date=20240218033521 }}. https://peacefulsocieties.uncg.edu/2010/06/24/dissident-catholic-cult-simmers-in-fipa-territory/#:~:text=The%20story%20goes%20back%20to,Madunda%20Parish%2C%20in%20northern%20Tanzania {{Wayback|url=https://peacefulsocieties.uncg.edu/2010/06/24/dissident-catholic-cult-simmers-in-fipa-territory/#:~:text=The%20story%20goes%20back%20to,Madunda%20Parish%2C%20in%20northern%20Tanzania |date=20240218033521 }}.</ref> na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Tanzania]]. == Maisha == Wazazi wa Padri Nkwera walikuwa Venant Nkwera ([[baba]]) na Emmaculata Mhagama ([[mama]]). Alipata [[upadirisho]] [[mwaka]] [[1968]] akaanza huduma ya maombezi akiwa bado padri [[Ujana|kijana]] [[mkoa wa Tabora|mkoani Tabora]] na baadaye kuhamia [[jiji|jijini]] Dar es Salaam. Ni huduma ambayo imemfanya awe kwenye mgogoro mkubwa na [[Dayosisi|jimbo]] alilokuwa akilihudumia wakati huo; mgogoro huo ukafika [[makao makuu]] ya [[Baraza la Maaskofu Katoliki Tanzania]] na baadaye [[Kanisa la Roma|Roma]]. Ni huduma ambazo wenye [[imani]] nayo wamekuwa wakikiri kwa [[kinywa]] na [[maandishi]] kwamba wameponywa huku [[rozari]], [[maji ya baraka]] na [[sala]] vikiwa ndio msingi mkuu wa maombi yaliyopelekea kuponywa huko. Shuhuda za uponywaji wa wagonjwa zinaandikwa ama kusimuliwa na wahusika wenyewe.<ref>https://ixtheo.de/Record/1571447695/Description#tabnav</ref> Baadhi wanakosoa huduma hizi za maombezi, hasa wakiangazia namna sakata hili lilivyoanza. Baadhi wanaangalia sababu kuu ni ukaidi, huku wakiainisha bayana kwamba padri Nkwera hakuwa mtii kwa aliyekuwa [[kiongozi]] wake kwa wakati huo alipokuwa akilihudumia [[Jimbo Katoliki la Njombe]] na zaidi hakutii maamuzi na maelekezo yaliyotolewa na viongozi wake wakubwa yaani [[Askofu|maaskofu]], [[Baraza la Maaskofu Katoliki Tanzania|Baraza la Maaskofu]] na hata [[Kardinali]] [[Polycarp Pengo]] kwa wakati huo.<ref>https://kiongozi.tripod.com/maonimc2.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kesi mahakamani == Felician V. Nkwera amekuwa na kesi nyingi mahakamani huku baadhi ya waumini au wafuasi wake pia wakiwa na kesi zenye sura tofautitofauti. == Kifo == Nkwera alifariki [[dunia]] [[usiku]] wa kuamkia [[Alhamisi]] Mei 8, 2025 katika [[Hospitali]] ya TMJ alipopelekwa kwa ajili ya kupatiwa [[matibabu]]. == Vitabu na machapisho yake == # Tumbuizo la jioni (1968)<ref>https://search.worldcat.org/title/tumbuizo-la-jioni-kimetungwa-na-felician-vi-nkwera/oclc/479562544</ref> # Johari Ndogo (1979) # Sarufi na Fasihi Sekondari na Vyuo (1979)<ref>https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/170373</ref> # Kiswahili Sekondari na Vyuo (1979) # Maana na Lengo la Adhabu ya Kifungo (1987)<ref>https://books.google.co.tz/books/about/Maana_na_lengo_la_adhabu_ya_kifungo.html?id=K6lJAAAACAAJ&redir_esc=y</ref> # Tamrin za Fasihi Simulizi, Secondary na Vyuo (1998) <ref>https://bookpremiumfree.com/downloads/nadharia-za-kuhakiki-fasihi/</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} {{BD|1936|2025}} [[Jamii:mapadri]] [[Jamii:waandishi wa Tanzania]] 39k57lywwnvargt98gg9dd7xehltnx1 0 180520 1542453 1515934 2026-05-14T04:30:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542453 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Josephine Joseph Lagu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka nchi ya [[Sudan Kusini]] na Waziri wa Kilimo na Usalama wa Chakula mpaka hapo mwaka 2022.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=World Bank provides 113 mln USD to boost food production in South Sudan - Xinhua {{!}} English.news.cn |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-06/25/c_1310026291.htm |access-date=2022-07-10 |website=www.xinhuanet.com |archive-date=2022-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710060328/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2021-06/25/c_1310026291.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=🇸🇸 Hon. Josephine Joseph Lagu – Women in AgriTech |url=https://womeninagritech.com/speaker/%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%b8-hon-josephine-joseph-lagu/ |access-date=2022-07-10 |language=fr-CA }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yeye ni binti wa [[Joseph Lagu]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://cityreviewss.com/veteran-politician-lagu-visits-president-kiir/|title=Veteran politician Lagu visits President Kiir|work=The City Review|date=16 January 2023|access-date=5 May 2023|accessdate=2024-04-18|archivedate=2023-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506182306/https://cityreviewss.com/veteran-politician-lagu-visits-president-kiir/}}</ref> Mnamo [[Februari 10]], [[2025]] aliteuliwa kuwa Makamu wa rais, miongoni mwa orodha ya Makamu wa rais watano wa nchi kwa mujibu wa [[mkataba]] wa amani wa mwaka 2018 (R‑ARCSS) na serikali ya mpito ya muungano wa kitaifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kiir sacks two VPs, health minister|url=https://sudantribune.com/article297187/|work=Sudan Tribune|date=2025-02-11|accessdate=2025-07-23|language=en-US|author=umajulius}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Sudan Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Sudan Kusini]] c39fopq03m56pod3ctd73s19j1yt4o2 0 180829 1542160 1512531 2026-05-13T19:02:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542160 wikitext text/x-wiki __INDEX__ {{Infobox officeholder |name = Fred Msemwa |image = |order = |office = [https://www.popi.go.tz/administration/profile/7 Ofisi ya Rais Mipango na Uwekezaji] |term_start = 2014 |term_end = |1blankname = |1namedata = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1972|06|14|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Mbeya]] |birthname = |nationality = Mtanzania |party = |spouse = |relations = |children = |residence = |alma_mater = [[:en:Institute of Finance Management|Chuo cha Usimamizi wa Fedha (IFM)]]<br> [[:en:Birmingham City University|Chuo Kikuu cha Birmingham City,Uingereza]] |occupation = |profession = Fedha, Biashara na Ukaguzi wa Hesabu |cabinet = |committees = |portfolio = |religion = Ukristo |signature = |signature_alt = |website = |footnotes = |blank1 = |data1 = |nickname = }} __NOTOC__ '''Fred Msemwa''' (alizaliwa 14 Juni 1972) ni Katibu Mkuu Ofisi ya Rais (Uwekezaji)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ofisi ya Rais Mipango na Uwekezaji {{!}} Wasifu|url=https://www.popi.go.tz/administration/profile/7|work=www.popi.go.tz|accessdate=2026-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ofisi ya Rais Mipango na Uwekezaji {{!}} Habari|url=https://www.popi.go.tz/news/dkt-msemwa-atoa-shule-ya-uwekezaji-kwa-vijana-wa-cbe|work=www.popi.go.tz|accessdate=2026-04-03}}</ref>.Kabla ya uteuzi huo Msemwa alikuwa Katibu Mtendaji wa Tume ya Taifa ya Mipango<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Samia ateua mrithi wa Mafuru|url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/samia-ateua-mrithi-wa-mafuru-4945112|work=Mwananchi|date=2025-02-27|accessdate=2025-05-26|language=en}}</ref><ref>https://www.ikulu.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1740672786-UTEUZI%20MKINGA.pdf</ref>, ambaye hapo kabla amehudumu katika nyadhifa mbalimbali za kiserikali ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa [[Mkurugenzi|Mkurugenzi Mtendaji]] wa Watumishi Housing Investment (WHI), [[kampuni]] iliyoanzishwa na serikali ya [[Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania]] kwa ajili ya uendelezaji wa milki na usimamizi wa mifuko ya uwekezaji wa pamoja yenye makao yake makuu jijini [[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Ni mkaguzi wa hesabu, mtaalam wa biashara, na mwandishi wa [[kitabu]] kiitwacho ''Usimamizi wa Biashara na Fedha''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-06-27 |title=Good business climate: A key to the success of any business |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/oped/good-business-climate-a-key-to-the-success-of-any-business-3452258 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref>. Anajulikana kwa mchango wake katika kuendeleza upatikanaji wa nyumba za gharama nafuu, uongozi wa bodi za makampuni, uwezeshaji wa vijana na utetezi wa biashara ndogo ndogo nchini Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=management – Watumishi Housing Investments |url=https://www.whi.go.tz/management/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=The Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania |url=https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=sagcot.co.tz |archive-date=2024-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416223026/https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-03-07 |title=Watumishi wa umma washauriwa |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/watumishi-wa-umma-washauriwa-2820800 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=ACCOUNTANTS ANNUAL CONFERENCE PDF Free Download |url=https://docplayer.net/14869970-Accountants-annual-conference-2015.html |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=docplayer.net }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Elimu na maisha yake ya awali== Msemwa alizaliwa na kukulia katika [[Mkoa wa Mbeya]] uliopo kusini mwa [[Tanzania]]. Alisoma Shule ya Msingi Idweli na Mbeye One. Kisha alijiunga na Shule ya Sekondari ya Iyunga kwa masomo ya kidato cha kwanza mpaka cha nne na baadaye katika Shule ya Sekondari ya vipaji maalumu ya Kibaha kwaajili ya Elimu ya Kidato cha Tano na Sita. Baada ya hapo alijiunga na kuhitimu Shahada ya Juu ya Uhasibu katika Chuo cha Usimamizi wa Fedha (IFM), Dar Es Salaam-Tanzania. Mwaka 1998 Msemwa alihitimu Shahada ya Juu ya Uhasibu(CPA) na kisha 2002, alihitimu Shahada ya Uzamili katika Usimamizi wa Biashara MBA na kupata daraja la juu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Birmingham City, Uingereza. Ana Shahada ya Uzamivu ya Usimamizi wa Biashara kutoka Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Tanzania na ni Mkurugenzi wa Bodi aliyethibitishwa na Taasisi ya Wakurugenzi ya Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=The Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania |url=https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=sagcot.co.tz |archive-date=2024-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416223026/https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Maisha ya kazi == Msemwa ni [[Mkurugenzi|Mkurugenzi Mtendaji]] wa Watumishi Housing Investments (WHI)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Watumishi Housing Company (WHC) – AUHF |url=https://www.auhf.co.za/tag/watumishi-housing-company-whc/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-03-10 |title=Watumishi: VAT iondolewe kwenye nyumba |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/watumishi-vat-iondolewe-kwenye-nyumba-2795506 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref>, kampuni ya uwekezaji nchini Tanzania inayohusika na uendelezaji milki na Usimamizi wa Mifuko ya Uwekezaji wa Pamoja. Alianza kazi yake ya uhasibu katika kampuni ya PUMA (wakati huo BP Tanzania) kisha akajiunga na Shirika la Nyumba la Taifa (NHC)''';''' linalohusika na uendelezaji wa milki. Katika shirika la NHC alitoa mchango mkubwa katika kuiwezesha NHC kubadili na kutumia viwango vya kimataifa katika uandaaji wa taarifa za fedha. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 32 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Mkuu na Kaimu Mkuu wa Chuo cha Taifa cha Utalii nchini Tanzania. Wakati huo chuo kilizindua programu ya kwanza ya Diploma ya Usafiri na Utalii na kuanzisha kozi za ujasiriamali kwa wanafunzi wa utalii ili kuwapa uwezo wa kuanzisha na kuendesha biashara zao baada ya kuhitimu. Baadaye Msemwa aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Ukaguzi wa Mamlaka ya Nishati na Maji (EWURA) ambapo alianzisha Idara ya Ukaguzi wa Ndani ya EWURA na akawa sehemu ya timu iliyofanikiwa kujenga EWURA kuwa mdhibiti wa maji na huduma anayeheshimika barani Afrika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.ewura.go.tz/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Annual-Report-for-the-Year-Ended-30th-June-2011.pdf |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2024-04-26 |archive-date=2024-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408122758/https://www.ewura.go.tz/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Annual-Report-for-the-Year-Ended-30th-June-2011.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Akiwa WHI, Msemwa amehusika katika kuanzisha Mfuko wa Kwanza wa uwekezaji katika Milki (REIT) katika ukanda wa Afrika Mashariki ambao umejenga nyumba nyingi za gharama nafuu kwa ajili ya watumishi wa umma na waajiriwa wengine.<ref>https://crdbbank.co.tz/storage/app/media/Our%20Investors/Annual%20Reports/CRDB-Group-and-Bank-Annual-Report-2021.pdf</ref><ref>https://crdbbank.co.tz/storage/app/media/2022%20CRDB%20Annual%20Report.pdf</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-02-13 |title=Nyumba 800 nafuu kujengwa Dar, Moro |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/biashara/nyumba-800-nafuu-kujengwa-dar-moro-2795056 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 2023, WHI ilizindua Mfuko mwingine unaoitwa FAIDA ambao ulipata mwitikio mkubwa wa asilimia 173% kutoka kwa wawekezaji. Mfuko wa FAIDA umetajwa kuwa mojawapo ya mpango wa uwekezaji wa pamoja wa kidijitali Afrika Mashariki unaowawezesha wawekezaji wadogo wadogo wakiwemo wakulima, wachuuzi, wanafunzi na wafanyakazi wenye mtaji mdogo wa kuanzia shilingi elfu kumi za Tanzania kwa kutumia simu zao za mkononi bila kulazimika kujaza fomu za makaratasi. Mfuko huo umevutia wawekezaji wengi ambapo idadi yake inatajwa kuongezeka. Msemwa aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Wahasibu Tanzania [TAA]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-03-03 |title=BoT yadai uchumi haupimwi kwa fedha za mfukoni |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/bot-yadai-uchumi-haupimwi-kwa-fedha-za-mfukoni-2870372 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-02-18 |title=Chama cha wahasibu chamkumbuka Dk Mengi |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/chama-cha-wahasibu-chamkumbuka-dk-mengi-2978278 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref> pia anajulikana kwa mchango wake katika bodi mbalimbali anazoendelea kuzitumikia ikiwemo Bodi ya CRDB Group<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Our Leadership |url=https://crdbbank.cd/en/our-leadership |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=crdbbank.cd}}</ref><ref>https://www.dse.co.tz/storage//securities/CRDB/news/JpSi2PzAhJFlVXSN9iZdU0k1qHt6zCmJ6kfup6ST.pdf</ref><ref>https://crdbbank.co.tz/storage/app/media/Our%20Investors/Annual%20Reports/CRDB-Group-and-Bank-Annual-Report-2021.pdf</ref> na ni mwenyekiti wa [[:en:Benki ya CRDB DR Congo|Bodi ya CRDB DR Congo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=The Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania |url=https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=sagcot.co.tz |archive-date=2024-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416223026/https://sagcot.co.tz/index.php/en/component/tlpteam/team/fred-msemwa?Itemid=169 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hapo awali aliwahi kuhudumu katika Bodi ya Taifa ya Wahasibu na Wakaguzi wa Hesabu (NBAA) ya Tanzania na iliyokuwa benki ya TIB Corporate.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-02-18 |title=Chama cha wahasibu chamkumbuka Dk Mengi |url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/kitaifa/chama-cha-wahasibu-chamkumbuka-dk-mengi-2978278 |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=Mwananchi |language=en}}</ref>Bodi nyingine anazozitumikia ni pamoja na Bodi za Mamlaka ya Maji safi na Usafi wa Mazingira Dar es salaam (DAWASA), Wakala wa Usajili wa Biashara na Leseni (BRELA), Ukanda wa Kilimo Kusini mwa Tanzania (SAGCOT) na Bodi ya Shule za Agape. == Tuzo na kutambuliwa == Msemwa amewahi kupata [[tuzo]] na kutambuliwa katika jamii kutokana na taaluma yake na mchango wake katika kukuza biashara ndogo na eneo la uwezeshaji.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Nouvelles – Page 19 – AUHF |url=https://www.auhf.co.za/category/nouvelles/page/19/?lang=fr |access-date=2024-04-08 |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Amewahi kupokea tuzo ya Chama cha Wahasibu Tanzania (TAA) kutokana na mchango wake wa Kukuza ukuaji wa Biashara ndogo kupitia kampeni ya KUZA Biashara na pia amepokea Tuzo ya MAYODA kutokana na mchango wake katika ushauri wa vijana.Msemwa pia amewahi kupokea Tuzo ya Mkurugenzi Mtendaji Bora wa Mwaka wa Mashirika ya Umma ya Serikali 2022 kutoka kwa Tuzo za Kampuni Bora Afrika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Fred msemwa {{!}} Top 100 Executive List |url=https://top100executivelist.com/winners/2022/fred-msemwa |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=top100executivelist.com |archive-date=2024-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408122757/https://top100executivelist.com/winners/2022/fred-msemwa |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-08-12 |title=More than 1000 houses for public servants to be constructed across the country this fiscal year |url=https://tanzaniatimes.net/news-tanzania-to-construct-1000-houses-for-public-servants-before-2025/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=The Tanzania Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanauchumi-Tanzania}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Msemwa, Fred}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanauchumi wa Tanzania]] q1q5xcip28lbwvhqlzrsgion1ymkzv6 0 180927 1542385 1514200 2026-05-14T00:23:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Honoka_Hayashi_20240228.jpg|thumb|337x337px|Hanoka Hayashi]] '''Honoka Hayashi''' (alizaliwa [[19 Mei]] [[1998]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa timu ya taifa ya Japani pamoja na klabu ya [[Mwanamke|Wanawake]] ya West Ham United inayoshiriki ligi ya Super League.<ref name=AFC>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://stats.the-afc.com/player/57566|title=HAYASHI HONOKA|website=AFC|accessdate=2024-04-27|archive-date=2025-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221050324/https://stats.the-afc.com/player/57566|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2019, Honoka aliwakilisha timu ya Japan katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 2023 na Olimpiki mwaka 2020.<ref name=JFA>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.jfa.jp/nadeshikojapan/member/hayashi_honoka.html|title=Japan Football|website=Japan Football Association}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] 0nywgg2sxmwk6u8rzttrdhf19b5elsl 0 181059 1541963 1541122 2026-05-13T14:39:09Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akari Kurishima''' (alizaliwa [[14 Septemba]] [[1994]]) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Japani]] ambae anacheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa timu ya taifa ya Japani pamoja na klabu ya Urawa Red Ladies inayoshiriki ligi ya [[wanawake]] ya WE League.<ref name=JFA>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.jfa.jp/nadeshikojapan/member/kurishima_akari.html| title = Akari Kurishima|website=Japan Football Association}}</ref><ref name=GSA>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/akari-kurishima/317686/| title = Akari Kurishima|website=Global Sports Archive}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Japani]] [[Jamii:wanawake wa Japani]] tmf0rv3u6bj30npdk7ptm2ot1t5alaj 3 183644 1541983 1342045 2026-05-13T14:51:04Z Ternarius 21360 Ternarius alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Castroonthemoon]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:GangofFour]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Castroonthemoon|Castroonthemoon]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/GangofFour|GangofFour]]" 1342045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Edward ambele|Edward ambele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Edward ambele|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 30 Juni 2024 (UTC) g4jjemm6wi2mh8m69fjvzp2g0xxzwtt 0 185479 1542052 1349600 2026-05-13T16:47:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ernest Afiesimama''' ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[mazingira]] na [[hali ya hewa]] kutoka [[Nigeria]] ambaye amefanya kazi katika [[Shirika la Hali ya Hewa la Nigeria]] na alikuwa mshauri katika masuala ya mazingira na hali ya hewa katika Miradi Iliyounganishwa ya Stern.<ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/284981/stern-integrated-projects-limited</ref> Pia alikuwa Mratibu wa [[Save Nigerian Environment Initiative]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201001171443/http://savenigerianenvironment.org/index.php/2012-03-14-03-21-37/111-national-coordinator</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kazi na [[Shirika la Hali ya Hewa Duniani]]. == Mtaalam wa hali ya hewa == Alijiunga na Idara ya wakati huo ya Huduma za Hali ya Hewa ya Huduma ya Shirikisho na alikuwa mtangazaji wa kitaifa wa hali ya hewa wa TV mwaka wa 1997.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070609221800/http://users.ictp.it/%7Esci_info/News_from_ICTP/News_87/dateline.html</ref> Alipokea tuzo ya ubora katika uwasilishaji wa hali ya hewa. Alikuwa mkuu wa mahusiano ya kimataifa na itifaki na pia meneja mkuu, utabiri wa nambari za hali ya hewa (NWP)<ref>https://www.scidev.net/global/news/nigerian-scientists-allay-fears-of-west-african-ts/</ref> wa Shirika la Hali ya Hewa la Nigeria (NiMet).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nimet.gov.ng/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2024-08-30 |archive-date=2022-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614095940/https://nimet.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwa sasa yeye ni Meneja Programu, Ofisa wa Afrika na Nchi Zilizoendelea katika Shirika la Hali ya Hewa Duniani huko [[Geneva]], [[Uswisi|Uswizi]]. Afiesimama alikuwa mwanasayansi mwandamizi msaidizi wa Kituo cha Kimataifa cha [[Fizikia]] ya Kinadharia (Kikundi cha Fizikia ya Hali ya Hewa na Hali ya Hewa), Trieste, Italia kuanzia 2002 hadi 2014. Alikuwa mwandishi mkuu wa Kitabu cha Pili cha Mawasiliano ya Kitaifa cha Nigeria kuhusu ukuzaji wa Matukio ya Hali ya Hewa nchini Nigeria. == Baada ya kazi == Alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Stern Integrated Projects. Miradi hii inahusiana na mafunzo na ushauri wa mazingira, tathmini na ukaguzi wa athari za mazingira, kuathirika kwa mazingira, kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]] kutokana na mabadiliko ya tabianchi. Kwa kuongezea, alikuwa mratibu wa kitaifa wa Save Nigerian Environment Initiative (SNEI), shirika lisilo la kiserikali, lisilo la faida ambalo linajitahidi kuhamasisha, kuelimisha na kukuza ulinzi, uhifadhi na matumizi bora ya mazingira nchini. Njia endelevu kwa maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi Anaandika ripoti kuhusu tathmini ya athari za mazingira, masuala yanayohusiana na uchanganuzi wa kijamii na kiuchumi juu ya hatari za hali ya hewa, chaguzi za kukabiliana na kukabiliana na hali kutokana na kutofautiana kwa hali ya hewa na mabadiliko katika miradi ya ndani, kitaifa na kimataifa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031558/http://www.meteo.fr/cic/wsn05/DVD/participants.html</ref> Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyzes]] (AMMA-2050),<ref>https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/amma-2050</ref> [[International Scientific Steering Committee]] (ISSC) in [[Umoja wa Ulaya|Europe]] na rais wa kamati ya kisayansi ya AMMA barani Afrika. ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:WikiClimate Connect 2024 in Tanzania]] 4qlw178sl58u4nynhyfizwmtk817brx 1542129 1542052 2026-05-13T18:43:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ernest Afiesimama''' ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[mazingira]] na [[hali ya hewa]] kutoka [[Nigeria]] ambaye amefanya kazi katika [[Shirika la Hali ya Hewa la Nigeria]] na alikuwa mshauri katika masuala ya mazingira na hali ya hewa katika Miradi Iliyounganishwa ya Stern.<ref>https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/284981/stern-integrated-projects-limited</ref> Pia alikuwa Mratibu wa [[Save Nigerian Environment Initiative]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201001171443/http://savenigerianenvironment.org/index.php/2012-03-14-03-21-37/111-national-coordinator</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kazi na [[Shirika la Hali ya Hewa Duniani]]. == Mtaalam wa hali ya hewa == Alijiunga na Idara ya wakati huo ya Huduma za Hali ya Hewa ya Huduma ya Shirikisho na alikuwa mtangazaji wa kitaifa wa hali ya hewa wa TV mwaka wa 1997.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070609221800/http://users.ictp.it/%7Esci_info/News_from_ICTP/News_87/dateline.html</ref> Alipokea tuzo ya ubora katika uwasilishaji wa hali ya hewa. Alikuwa mkuu wa mahusiano ya kimataifa na itifaki na pia meneja mkuu, utabiri wa nambari za hali ya hewa (NWP)<ref>https://www.scidev.net/global/news/nigerian-scientists-allay-fears-of-west-african-ts/</ref> wa Shirika la Hali ya Hewa la Nigeria (NiMet).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.nimet.gov.ng/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2024-08-30 |archive-date=2022-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220614095940/https://nimet.gov.ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwa sasa yeye ni Meneja Programu, Ofisa wa Afrika na Nchi Zilizoendelea katika Shirika la Hali ya Hewa Duniani huko [[Geneva]], [[Uswisi|Uswizi]]. Afiesimama alikuwa mwanasayansi mwandamizi msaidizi wa Kituo cha Kimataifa cha [[Fizikia]] ya Kinadharia (Kikundi cha Fizikia ya Hali ya Hewa na Hali ya Hewa), Trieste, Italia kuanzia 2002 hadi 2014. Alikuwa mwandishi mkuu wa Kitabu cha Pili cha Mawasiliano ya Kitaifa cha Nigeria kuhusu ukuzaji wa Matukio ya Hali ya Hewa nchini Nigeria. == Baada ya kazi == Alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Stern Integrated Projects. Miradi hii inahusiana na mafunzo na ushauri wa mazingira, tathmini na ukaguzi wa athari za mazingira, kuathirika kwa mazingira, kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]] kutokana na mabadiliko ya tabianchi. Kwa kuongezea, alikuwa mratibu wa kitaifa wa Save Nigerian Environment Initiative (SNEI), shirika lisilo la kiserikali, lisilo la faida ambalo linajitahidi kuhamasisha, kuelimisha na kukuza ulinzi, uhifadhi na matumizi bora ya mazingira nchini. Njia endelevu kwa maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi Anaandika ripoti kuhusu tathmini ya athari za mazingira, masuala yanayohusiana na uchanganuzi wa kijamii na kiuchumi juu ya hatari za hali ya hewa, chaguzi za kukabiliana na kukabiliana na hali kutokana na kutofautiana kwa hali ya hewa na mabadiliko katika miradi ya ndani, kitaifa na kimataifa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031558/http://www.meteo.fr/cic/wsn05/DVD/participants.html</ref> Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyzes]] (AMMA-2050),<ref>https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/amma-2050</ref> [[International Scientific Steering Committee]] (ISSC) in [[Umoja wa Ulaya|Europe]] na rais wa kamati ya kisayansi ya AMMA barani Afrika. ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:WikiClimate Connect 2024 in Tanzania]] tawbvdigmcnh1x8gokmjrk0fjxaqvpn 0 191104 1542263 1512899 2026-05-13T20:33:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giovanni "Gino" Berretta''' ni mchezaji wa zamani aliyewahi kushinda tuzo kama mpiga teke katika Ligi ya Soka ya [[Kanada]] (CFL).<ref>[http://bdbarnes.tripod.com/id35.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://bdbarnes.tripod.com/id35.htm |date=20120425232427 }} NDG Maple Leafs - The Sixties</ref><ref>[http://www.cflapedia.com/Players/b/berretta_gino.htm] CFLAPEDIA entry: Gino Berretta</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Campbell|first=Doug|date=May 15, 1964|title=Berretta Signs Soccer Contract|page=21|work=[[Montreal Star]]}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1942|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Kanada]] anzxn2tvwrn050a0fbifrhpz3oz6066 0 193734 1542265 1373011 2026-05-13T20:36:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giorgia Catarzi''' (alizaliwa [[15 Juni]] [[2001]]) ni mtaalamu wa mbio za [[Baisikeli|baiskeli]] wa Italia, ambaye kwa sasa anaendesha [[Timu]] ya Bara ya Wanawake ya UCI Bepink–Bongioanni.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lanazione.it/firenze/sport/ciclismo-catarzi-1.5051547 |title=Ciclismo, la fiorentina Giorgia Catarzi al debutto tra le élite |work=Lanazione |access-date=15 September 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uci.org/road/teams/TeamDetail/15428/1001736/277|title=Bepink|work=UCI.org|publisher=[[Union Cycliste Internationale]]|access-date=20 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120200925/https://www.uci.org/road/teams/TeamDetail/15428/1001736/277|archivedate=20 January 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Waendeshabaiskeli wa Italia]] bogbyh39lronzpu1tdgybdmry1o7r5a 0 194948 1542214 1374890 2026-05-13T19:56:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542214 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Geoff Berner''' (aliyezaliwa [[1971]]) ni [[mwimbaji]] wa [[Kanada]], mtunzi wa [[nyimbo]], na mwanamuziki kutoka [[Vancouver]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.straight.com/article-74904/geoff-berner-squeezes-out-songs-and-stories |title=Geoff Berner squeezes out songs and stories &#124; Georgia Straight Vancouver's News & Entertainment Weekly |website=Straight.com |date=March 14, 2007 |accessdate=May 6, 2016}}</ref><ref name=heebmag_interview>{{cite web|last=Jacobson|first=Libby|title="Lucky Jew": An Interview With Geoff Berner|url=http://heebmagazine.com/lucky-jew-an-interview-with-geoff-berner/15834|work=[[Heeb Magazine]]|date=June 24, 2010|accessdate=June 12, 2011}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Kanada]] j26otv98fj9am0kshw7u1ot37jjskj7 0 196516 1542328 1513221 2026-05-13T21:47:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542328 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Kibira Ndoole,''' aliyezaliwa katika jimbo la [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]],Ni kiongozi wa Kongo na mchezaji muhimu wa vijana katika eneo hilo. Tangu 2022, ameshikilia nafasi ya Mkuu wa Idara ya Mkoa ya Vijana na Uamsho wa Patriotic wa Kivu ya Kaskazini<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|first=Emergence|last=Plus|title=Nord-Kivu : Guy Kibira Ndoole, nouveau chef de la Division provinciale de la Jeunesse, assuré du soutien indéfectible du Gouverneur Militaire Constant Ndima|url=https://emergenceplus-rdc.com/politique/nord-kivu-guy-kibira-ndoole-nouveau-chef-de-la-division-provinciale-de-la-jeunesse-assure-du-soutien-indefectible-du-gouverneur-militaire-constant-ndima/|date=2022-07-18|accessdate=2024-12-12|archive-date=2024-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212051338/https://emergenceplus-rdc.com/politique/nord-kivu-guy-kibira-ndoole-nouveau-chef-de-la-division-provinciale-de-la-jeunesse-assure-du-soutien-indefectible-du-gouverneur-militaire-constant-ndima/|url-status=dead}}</ref> . == Wasifu == Guy Kibira Ndoole asili yake ni mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini, mashariki mwa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Anatambuliwa kwa kujitolea kwake kwa vijana na jukumu lake katika kukuza ufahamu wa kiraia katika mkoa. == Kazi == En 2011, Guy Kibira Ndoole est élu Président du Conseil Provincial de la Jeunesse de la Province du Nord-Kivu, un poste qu'il a occupé jusqu'en 2021. Pendant cette période, il a activement contribué à la défense des intérêts de la jeunesse du Nord-Kivu, en mettant en œuvre diverses initiatives visant à sensibiliser et à former les jeunes à la citoyenneté et à l'engagement patriotique <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr-FR|title=Même s’il a trop duré Guy Kibira présente des réalisations bénéfiques aux jeunes du Nord-Kivu|url=https://flambeauestrdc.com/meme-sil-a-trop-dure-guy-kibira-presente-des-realisations-benefiques-aux-jeunes-du-nord-kivu/|date=2021-03-15|accessdate=2024-12-12}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> . Mnamo Julai 2022, Guy Kibira Ndoole aliteuliwa kuwa Mkuu wa Idara ya Vijana na Uzalendo wa Kivu Kaskazini kwa agizo la waziri wa Vijana wa Kongo, Kuanzisha Uraia Mpya na Ushirikiano wa Kitaifa, Dk Yves Bunkulu Zola. Katika jukumu hili, ana jukumu la kuratibu mipango ya vijana katika ngazi ya mkoa, kukuza mwamko wa kizalendo, na kuchangia katika malezi ya kizazi kipya cha wananchi wenye kuwajibika na waliojitolea <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=en-US|title=GOMA:Guy Kibira Ndoole est le nouveau chef de division de la jeunesse au Nord-Kivu en remplacement de Dunia Musemakweli|url=https://kivutimes.com/gomaguy-kibira-ndoole-est-le-nouveau-chef-de-division-de-la-jeunesse-au-nord-kivu-en-remplacement-de-dunia-musemakweli/|date=2022-07-09|accessdate=2024-12-12}}</ref> . Kama sehemu ya jukumu lake jipya, Guy Kibira Ndoole alielekeza juhudi zake katika kuboresha ushiriki wa vijana katika maisha ya kisiasa na kijamii, kwa kuimarisha programu za mafunzo ya kiraia na kuunga mkono mipango ya uwiano wa kitaifa. Mamlaka yake ni sehemu ya muktadha wa kuanzisha upya ushiriki wa raia katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, na anaendelea kufanya kazi kwa ajili ya vijana wenye bidii zaidi wanaofahamu wajibu wao kwa nchi na jamii. == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] e4qq3pk85i1cspnghuq7ag7qcggc8db 0 198028 1542259 1388348 2026-05-13T20:31:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gilly in Prague for the First Time''' (Czech: ''Gilly poprvé v Praze'') ni [[filamu]] ya kimapenzi ya ''Czechoslovak'' iliyotengenezwa mwaka [[1920]], iliyoongozwa na ''Karel Lamač.''<ref name="filmovyprehled">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Gilly in Prague for the First Time|url=https://www.filmovyprehled.cz/en/film/395218/gilly-in-prague-for-the-first-time|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127173205/https://www.filmovyprehled.cz/en/film/395218/gilly-in-prague-for-the-first-time|archive-date=2024-11-27|accessdate=24 February 2020|website=Filmový přehled|publisher=[[Czech Film Archive]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-filamu}} [[Jamii:Filamu]] [[Jamii:Slovakia]] [[Jamii:Ucheki]] [[Jamii:Miaka ya 1920]] fuhlqz0m755yuo4rfnqpwbrphg2yced 0 200446 1542251 1468739 2026-05-13T20:23:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542251 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giacinto-Boulos Marcuzzo''', [[Ndugu Wadogo|O.F.M.]] (alizaliwa San Polo di Piave, [[Italia]], [[24 Aprili]] [[1945]]) ni [[Askofu msaidizi|Askofu Msaidizi]] Mstaafu wa [[Patriarki]] [[Kanisa la Kilatini|wa Kilatini]] wa [[Yerusalemu]], akiishi [[Nazareti|Nazareth]]. Kufikia Desemba 2020, alihudumu kama [[Makamu wa askofu|Makamu]] wa Patriarki wa Yerusalemu na [[Palestina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://morewhoiswho.tripod.com/lat_patr.html|title=Who is Who in the Churches of Jerusalem|work=Tripod.com|accessdate=2015-05-17}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wafransisko]] [[Jamii:wamisionari]] [[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki wa Italia]] s37p3qc0lkpsdcc3vpy8jruc7c6fnju 0 201595 1541965 1541135 2026-05-13T14:40:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541965 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili: Albert_Yuma.jpg|thumb|300px|Albert Yuma Mulimbi mwaka 2013]] '''Albert Yuma Mulimbi''' (alizaliwa [[Kongolo]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], 30 Julai 1955 <ref name=actpub/>) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], meneja wa biashara na mfadhili wa [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni rais wa Gécamines kuanzia 2010 hadi 2021 na rais wa Shirikisho la Biashara za Kongo kuanzia mwisho wa 2004 hadi mwisho wa 2023. Anashutumiwa mara kwa mara kwa ubadhirifu kwa manufaa ya msafara wa Rais [[Joseph Kabila]]. == Wasifu == === Mwanzo === Albert Yuma Mulimbi alihitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kikatoliki cha Louvain (Ubelgiji) katika usimamizi na usimamizi wa fedha, usimamizi wa biashara, sayansi ya kazi, safi sayansi ya uchumi<ref name=actpub/>. === Gécamines === Kuanzia 2010 hadi 2021, Albert Yuma alikuwa mwenyekiti wa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya Gécamines. Katika nafasi hii, alikosolewa kwa kutohakikisha urejeshaji wa ahadi ya kampuni. Wapinzani wake wanamtuhumu kuwa mteule wa Rais Joseph Kabila kuficha pesa zilizofujwa katika maeneo ya kodi<ref>lien web|url=http://continent-noir.com/2016/01/21/linepuisable-albert-yuma-mulimbi/|titre=L’inépuisable {{Wayback|url=http://continent-noir.com/2016/01/21/linepuisable-albert-yuma-mulimbi/%7Ctitre%3DL%E2%80%99in%C3%A9puisable |date=20251209225312 }} Albert Yuma Mulimbi|site=Continent-noir.com|date=21 janvier 2015</ref>. Ni assimilated kwa "[[Katanga|clan des Katangais]]" anayetawala nchi<ref name="portrait JA"/>. Yeye pia ni karibu na [[Dan Gertler]], Mwisraeli [[mfanyabiashara]]<ref>lien web|url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/18904/economie/rd-congo-l-embarrassant-dan-gertler/|titre=RD Congo : L’embarrassant Dan Gertler|site=Jeuneafrique.com|date=25 juin 2013|auteur=Christophe le Bec</ref>. Mnamo Februari 2016, ikikabiliwa na utovu wa nidhamu wa viongozi wa Gécamines, [[wafanyakazi] wake walisimama kumtaka Albert Yuma ajiuzulu<ref>lien web|url=http://congonouveau.org/les-travailleurs-exigent-le-depart-dalbert-yuma/|titre=Les Travailleurs Exigent Le Départ D’Albert Yuma|site=Congonouveau.org|date=2 février 2016|auteur=Robert Djanya</ref>. Mnamo Juni 2020, Yuma aliteuliwa tena kuwa rais wa Gécamines na rais mpya [[Félix Tshisekedi]]<ref name="bras">Lien web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20201127-rdc-bras-de-fer-politique-au-sein-du-patronat-congolais|titre=RDC: bras de fer politique au sein du patronat congolais|éditeur=Radio France internationale|date=27 11 2020</ref>. Uhusiano kati ya rais mpya Tshisekedi na mtangulizi wake Kabila, ambaye Yuma yuko karibu naye sana, ulizorota sana mwishoni mwa 2020. Yuma pia anakosolewa na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali kwa ubadhirifu katika kampuni ya Gécamines na anatajwa katika uchunguzi wa ''Congo Hold-Up''. Kwa hivyo Yuma ndiye mbia wa kampuni ya Egal ambayo inashutumiwa kwa ubadhirifu wa dola milioni 43 kwa manufaa ya Kabila na jamaa zake. Kwa upana zaidi, Yuma anakosolewa na NGOs kwa usimamizi wa Gécamines, ambayo inadaiwa ilitia saini mikataba yenye shaka au haikulipa mapato yake kwa Serikali. Ubadhirifu huu unakadiriwa kufikia dola bilioni kadhaa za Kimarekani<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1226225/politique/rdc-la-gestion-de-la-gecamines-passee-au-crible/|titre= RDC : la gestion de la Gécamines passée au crible|éditeur=Jeune Afrique|date=2 9 2021</ref>.Idara ya Ukaguzi Mkuu wa Fedha (IGF) inachunguza Yuma na Gécamines kuanzia tarehe 09 2021. Mnamo Desemba 2021, Rais Tshisekedi alimfukuza Albert Yuma kutoka urais wa Gécamines na kumteua [[Alphonse Kaputo Kalubi]] badala yake<ref>lien web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1276632/politique/rdc-albert-yuma-evince-de-la-presidence-de-la-gecamines/|titre=RDC : Albert Yuma évincé de la présidence de la Gécamines|site=Jeuneafrique.com|date=4 décembre 2021</ref>{{,}}<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211204-rdc-le-pr%C3%A9sident-tshisekedi-r%C3%A9voque-albert-yuma-de-la-pr%C3%A9sidence-du-conseil-d-administration-de-la-g%C3%A9camines|titre=RDC: le président Tshisekedi révoque Albert Yuma de la présidence du conseil d’administration de la Gécamines|date=4 12 2021|éditeur=RFI|auteur=Sonia Rolley</ref>. Uchunguzi wa IGF unahusu kipindi cha 2010-2021, kipindi ambacho Yuma aliongoza Gécamines na kutafuta mahali pa kufikia dola milioni 591 zilizopokelewa na Gécamines<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1269431/politique/rdc-les-premiers-elements-de-laudit-de-la-gecamines/|titre= RDC : les premiers éléments de l’audit de la Gécamines|date=22 11 2021|éditeur=Jeune Afrique</ref>. == Shirikisho la Biashara la Kongo == Tangu 2005, ameongoza bodi ya wakurugenzi ya Shirikisho la Biashara la Kongo<ref name=actpub>Jean-Michel Meyer, [http://www.acteurspublics.com/2014/04/29/rd-congo-le-patron-des-patrons-rempile RD Congo: le patron des patrons rempile] {{Wayback|url=http://www.acteurspublics.com/2014/04/29/rd-congo-le-patron-des-patrons-rempile |date=20160304113425 }}, ''Acteurs Publics'', 30 avril 2014</ref>. Wakati wa sherehe za salamu za FEC za 2014, alionyesha ukosoaji mkubwa wa Waziri Mkuu [[Augustin Matata Ponyo]], na kumfanya kuwajibika kabisa kwa kuzorota kwa hali ya biashara nchini Kongo. Mnamo 11 2020, Yuma alichaguliwa tena kama Mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Wakurugenzi ya FEC. Uchaguzi wake ulighairiwa haraka na [[Baraza la Serikali]] kutokana na dosari katika kura, hasa wapinzani wake wawili waliondolewa kwenye kura na "Tume ya Wenye hekima" ya FEC. [[uchaguzi] mpya unaandaliwa ambapo Dieudonné Kasembo Nyembo pekee, mgombea anayeungwa mkono na Rais Tshisekedi, ndiye mgombea. Kwa hiyo amechaguliwa<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1095556/politique/rdc-albert-yuma-evince-de-la-presidence-de-la-fec/|titre=RDC : Albert Yuma évincé de la présidence de la FEC|éditeur=Jeune Afrique|auteur=[[Stanis Bujakera Tshiamala]]|date=23 12 2021</ref>{{,}}<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1083729/economie/rdc-pourquoi-la-justice-a-annule-lelection-dalbert-yuma-a-la-fec/|titre=RDC : pourquoi la justice a annulé l’élection d’Albert Yuma à la FEC |éditeur=Jeune Afrique|auteur=Stanis Bujakera Tshiamala|date=30 11 2021</ref>. Yuma naye anapinga uchaguzi wa Kasembo, safari hii mbele ya mahakama kuu [[Gombe]] ambayo inakubaliana naye na kusimamisha uchaguzi wa Kasembo. Mnamo Januari, Mahakama ya Kikatiba inaidhinisha uchaguzi wa Yuma<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20210116-rdc-le-cour-constitutionnelle-se-prononce-en-faveur-d-albert-yuma-%C3%A0-la-t%C3%AAte-du-patronat|titre=RDC: le Cour constitutionnelle se prononce en faveur d'Albert Yuma à la tête du patronat|date=16 1 2021|éditeur=RFI</ref>. Muda wake unaisha Novemba 2023 na hatagombea tena uchaguzi<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20231128-rdc-l-homme-d-affaires-robert-malumba-prend-la-t%C3%AAte-de-la-f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration-des-entreprises-du-congo|titre=RDC: l’homme d’affaires Robert Malumba prend la tête de la Fédération des entreprises du Congo|date=28 11 2023|éditeur=Radio France internationale|auteur=Pascal Mulegwa</ref>. === Vitendaji vingine === Mnamo 2014, alikuwa mkurugenzi mtendaji wa kampuni ya mali isiyohamishika Texaf<ref>[http://www.texaf.be/fr/tools/news-detail.html?id_article=24 Albert Yuma réélu Président de la FEC] {{Wayback|url=http://www.texaf.be/fr/tools/news-detail.html?id_article=24 |date=20140503151822 }}, ''Texaf.be'', 20 avril 2014</ref>, kampuni iliyoko [[Bruxelles]] ambayo yeye ni mbia 5% na ambayo alijiunga nayo mwaka wa 1983. Texaf ndiye mrithi wa Utex Africa, kampuni inayoongoza ya [[nguo] ya Kongo katika miaka ya 1980 lakini iliharibiwa na ushindani wa Kichina. Albert Yuma alipata faida ya mali isiyohamishika ili kuzindua Texaf<ref name="portrait JA">lien web|url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/237560/economie/portrait-albert-yuma-mulimbi-lhyperactif/|titre=Portrait : Albert Yuma Mulimbi, l’hyperactif|site=Jeuneafrique.com|date=31 mai 2015|auteur=Christophe le Bec</ref>. Pia ni mwenyekiti wa [[bodi ya wakurugenzi]] ya Texico, kampuni inayozalisha sare za jeshi na polisi.<ref name="portrait JA"/>. Pia anashikilia nyadhifa za mkurugenzi wa Benki Kuu ya Jamhuri ya Kongo, na mkurugenzi wa chumba cha biashara cha Ubelgiji na Kongo<ref>[http://www.zonebourse.com/barons-bourse/Albert-Yuma-Mulimbi-09ZD11-E/biographie/ Biographie de Albert Yuma Mulimbi], ''Zone Bourse''</ref>. Anakaa kwenye bodi za Shirika la Kazi la Kimataifa na Benki Kuu ya Kongo<ref name="portrait JA" />. Yuma lazima ajiuzulu kutoka kwa bodi ya wakurugenzi ya Benki Kuu ya Kongo kwa shinikizo kutoka kwa [[Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa]] kutokana na mgongano wa kimaslahi<ref>Lien web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211122-congo-hold-up-egal-l-autopsie-d-un-scandale|titre=Congo Hold-up: Egal, l’autopsie d’un scandale|date=22 11 2021|éditeur=Radio France internationale|auteur=Sonia Rolley</ref>. Mnamo 2011, Yuma alichaguliwa kwa miaka mitatu kama mkuu wa shirika linaloleta pamoja vyumba vya biashara vya wanaozungumza Kifaransa, Mkutano wa Kudumu wa vyumba vya ubalozi wa Afrika na Kifaransa<ref>Bim, [http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201211051080.html Congo-Kinshasa: Albert Yuma - «Nous avons confiance en la francophonie économique »], ''AllAfrica'', 4 novembre 2012</ref>. Alibadilishwa katika nafasi hii mnamo Januari 1, 2016 na Germain Essouhouna Meba, rais wa Chama cha Wafanyabiashara na Wenye Viwanda cha [[Togo]]<ref>lien web|url=http://presse.cci-paris-idf.fr/un-nouveau-bureau-et-un-nouveau-president-pour-la-cpccaf-a-compter-du-1er-janvier-2016/|titre=Un nouveau bureau et un nouveau président pour la CPCCAF|site=Cci-paris-idf.fr|date=3 décembre 2015</ref>. Mnamo 2019, Yuma anachukuliwa kuwa mgombeaji wa Kabila kwa nafasi ya [[waziri mkuu]]. Sylvestre Ilunga hata hivyo amechaguliwa<ref name="bras" />. == Tuzo == * Wafanyabiashara 100 wakuu wenye ushawishi mkubwa katika bara la Afrika na ''New African Magazine'', 2013<ref>{{en}} [http://newafricanmagazine.com/100-most-influential-africans-business/ Business: 100 most influential Africans] {{Wayback|url=http://newafricanmagazine.com/100-most-influential-africans-business/ |date=20150716160602 }}, ''New African Magazine'', 25 novembre 2013</ref>. * Kamanda wa amri ya Taji ([[Ubelgiji]]) == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955|}} [[Jamii:waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] bfxba3wiujato4jwh9xczsrxfieuyxr 0 202945 1542347 1404499 2026-05-13T22:15:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Amani-dove-1336087897.jpg|thumb|Hamisi Amani-Dove baada ya kushinda Eerste Divisie ya [[Uholanzi]] na klabu ya soka ya AZ mwaka wa 1998]] '''Hamisi Amani-Dove''' (alizaliwa Machi 28, [[1974]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa [[Marekani]].<ref>[http://www.rhinossoccer.com/player.php?id=58 2002 Rochester Rhinos] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105180325/http://rhinossoccer.com/player.php?id=58 |date=2011-01-05 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/2003/results03a.htm |title=2002 USL Results |accessdate=2025-02-24 |archive-date=2009-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608190103/http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/2003/results03a.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Marekani]] d71p8yjsvxsyv8xo5ii6cej2fzhk1nk 1542622 1542347 2026-05-14T10:06:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542622 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Amani-dove-1336087897.jpg|thumb|Hamisi Amani-Dove baada ya kushinda Eerste Divisie ya [[Uholanzi]] na klabu ya soka ya AZ mwaka wa 1998]] '''Hamisi Amani-Dove''' (alizaliwa Machi 28, [[1974]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa [[Marekani]].<ref>[http://www.rhinossoccer.com/player.php?id=58 2002 Rochester Rhinos] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105180325/http://rhinossoccer.com/player.php?id=58 |date=2011-01-05 }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/2003/results03a.htm |title=2002 USL Results |accessdate=2025-02-24 |archive-date=2009-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608190103/http://a-leaguearchive.tripod.com/2003/results03a.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Marekani]] l6besehjd03nx0om980bz1jcbn4l7d2 4 208508 1542107 1541598 2026-05-13T18:30:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1542107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-13) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 53 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 76 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 30 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-13)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 611 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 718 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3261 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1080 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1740 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 542 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 403 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 166 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 259 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 388 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 315 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 245 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 254 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 632 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.14 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 384 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 330 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 318 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 387 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 323 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 425 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 227 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 270 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 471 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 243 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 567 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Ureno]] | 2.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 345 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 2.70 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 207 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 1.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Guinea]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku 30) || 211 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 25109 || ↑ +27.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 1.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 146.0 || — |} ===Makala 5 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3261 || ↑ +18.4% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1080 || ↓ -16.9% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 843 || ↓ -36.1% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 718 || ↑ +19.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 632 || ↑ +45.6% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 611 || ↑ +4.3% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 542 || ↑ +47.3% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 471 || ↓ -2.1% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 449 || ↑ +74.0% |- | 10 || [[Vatikani]] || 425 || ↑ +61.6% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 30) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 129 || 61.1% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 37 || 17.5% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 28 || 13.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 16 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 1 || 0.5% |- |} pos8jofrl20fxki7is87tm8eugmjg4z 1542113 1542107 2026-05-13T18:33:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1542113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-13) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 54 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 75 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 30 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-13)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 611 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 718 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3261 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1080 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1740 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 542 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 403 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 166 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 259 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 388 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 315 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 245 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 254 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 632 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.14 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 384 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 330 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 318 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 387 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 323 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 425 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 227 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 270 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 345 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 471 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 243 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 567 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 2.70 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 207 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 1.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Guinea]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku 30) || 211 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 25109 || ↑ +27.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 1.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 146.0 || — |} ===Makala 5 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3261 || ↑ +18.4% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1080 || ↓ -16.9% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 843 || ↓ -36.1% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 718 || ↑ +19.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 632 || ↑ +45.6% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 611 || ↑ +4.3% |- | 7 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 542 || ↑ +47.3% |- | 8 || [[Uturuki]] || 471 || ↓ -2.1% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 449 || ↑ +74.0% |- | 10 || [[Vatikani]] || 425 || ↑ +61.6% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 30) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 129 || 61.1% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 37 || 17.5% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 28 || 13.3% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 16 || 7.6% |- | 5 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 1 || 0.5% |- |} irfut67xy5jta6f27wsew6mqv3zr2fo 1542581 1542113 2026-05-14T09:40:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1542581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-13) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 54 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 75 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 30 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-13)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 611 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 718 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3261 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1080 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1740 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 542 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 403 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 435 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 356 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 843 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 460 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 166 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 259 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 388 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 315 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 245 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 256 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 254 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 632 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.14 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 384 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 330 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 318 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 387 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 323 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 425 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 227 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 270 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 345 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 471 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 243 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | 3.21 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 567 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 184 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 188 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 2.70 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 267 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 207 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 51 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 118 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 1.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Guinea]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 39 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku 30) || 215 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 15476 || ↑ +24.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 1.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 90.0 || — |} ===Makala 5 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 1094 || ↓ -14.7% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 810 || ↓ -37.7% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +27.2% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 604 || ↑ +5.0% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↑ +45.3% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 459 || ↓ -5.4% |- | 7 || [[Ufaransa]] || 449 || ↑ +69.4% |- | 8 || [[Vatikani]] || 416 || ↑ +53.5% |- | 9 || [[Israeli]] || 367 || ↓ -62.2% |- | 10 || [[Australia]] || 344 || ↑ +32.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 30) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 129 || 60.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 37 || 17.2% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 32 || 14.9% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 16 || 7.4% |- | 5 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 1 || 0.5% |- |} cq62vi9bbkqzmjvlpljxwdvpn3k6byg 1542586 1542581 2026-05-14T09:43:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1542586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-14) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 54 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 75 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 30 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-14)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 618 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3235 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1094 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1811 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 539 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 405 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 285 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 829 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 483 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 387 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 313 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 251 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 634 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 376 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 337 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 374 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 416 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 269 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 358 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 359 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 459 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 569 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 2.70 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 1.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Guinea]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku 30) || 215 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 15476 || ↑ +24.5% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 1.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 90.0 || — |} ===Makala 5 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Marekani]] || 1094 || ↓ -14.7% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 810 || ↓ -37.7% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +27.2% |- | 4 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 604 || ↑ +5.0% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↑ +45.3% |- | 6 || [[Uturuki]] || 459 || ↓ -5.4% |- | 7 || [[Ufaransa]] || 449 || ↑ +69.4% |- | 8 || [[Vatikani]] || 416 || ↑ +53.5% |- | 9 || [[Israeli]] || 367 || ↓ -62.2% |- | 10 || [[Australia]] || 344 || ↑ +32.3% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 30) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 129 || 60.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 37 || 17.2% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 32 || 14.9% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 16 || 7.4% |- | 5 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 1 || 0.5% |- |} pbmezipxrs9v69qt6lzewqjm9u25sy2 1542617 1542586 2026-05-14T10:00:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1542617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-14) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 54 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 75 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 30 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-14)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 618 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3235 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1094 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1811 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 539 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 317 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 405 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 285 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 344 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 829 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 483 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 387 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 313 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 239 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 251 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 634 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 376 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 337 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 374 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 327 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 416 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 269 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 358 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 359 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 185 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 459 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 569 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 187 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 2.70 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 47 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 1.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Guinea]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 20 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 172 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku 30) || 215 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 26189 || ↑ +27.8% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 1.2 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 152.3 || — |} ===Makala 5 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3235 || ↑ +15.9% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1094 || ↓ -14.7% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 810 || ↓ -37.7% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +27.2% |- | 5 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 604 || ↑ +5.0% |- | 6 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 539 || ↑ +45.3% |- | 7 || [[Uturuki]] || 459 || ↓ -5.4% |- | 8 || [[Ufaransa]] || 449 || ↑ +69.4% |- | 9 || [[Vatikani]] || 416 || ↑ +53.5% |- | 10 || [[Ethiopia]] || 405 || ↑ +28.6% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 30) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 129 || 60.0% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 37 || 17.2% |- | 3 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 32 || 14.9% |- | 4 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 16 || 7.4% |- | 5 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 1 || 0.5% |- |} i085nn2x93531qrk0l10odg79n59e79 0 212469 1542470 1490231 2026-05-14T05:13:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=|tarehe ya kufa={{death date and age|df=y|2017|12|27|1971|12|07}}|mahali alipofia=[[Harlem]], New York, U.S.|jina la kuzaliwa=Kagendo Murungi|tarehe ya kuzaliwa={{birth date|df=y|1971|12|07}}|utaifa=Kenya}} '''Kagendo Murungi''' ([[7 Desemba]] [[1971]] – [[27 Desemba]] [[2017]]) alikuwa [[Kenya|Mkenya]] mpigania [[haki za wanawake]], haki za [[LGBT]] na mtengenezaji wa [[filamu]]. Alifanya kazi kama [[wakili]] na mtetezi wa haki za jamii ya LGBTQ ya Afrika kwa zaidi ya miongo miwili. == Wasifu == Kagendo Murungi alizaliwa nchini [[Kenya]] na alikuwa na ndugu sita.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=obituary|date=2018-01-18|title=Kagendo Murungi|url=https://obituarykenya.co.ke/kagendo-murungi/|accessdate=2021-08-10|work=Obituary Kenya|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810083130/https://obituarykenya.co.ke/kagendo-murungi/}}</ref> Alihamia [[Marekani]] ambako aliishi kwa muda mrefu wa maisha yake. == Kazi == Kagendo alipata shahada yake katika masomo ya wanawake kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Rutgers na kuendelea na [[Uzamili|shahada ya uzamili]] katika masomo ya vyombo vya habari kutoka Shule Mpya ya [[Utafiti]] wa Jamii. Aliendelea na kazi yake katika tasnia ya filamu kama mkurugenzi na mtayarishaji wa filamu. Alianzisha studio ya utengenezaji wa filamu ya Wapinduzi Productions mnamo [[1991]] na alihudumu kama mtayarishaji mkuu wake kwa takriban miaka 26.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Murungi, Kagendo {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc.|url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/kagendo-murungi/|accessdate=2021-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> Alisimulia hadithi ya filamu ya hali halisi ya Marekani ya 1995 ''These Girls Are Missing''. Alihusika katika kuunda nafasi ya afisa programu wa Afrika katika Tume ya Kimataifa ya Haki za Kibinadamu ya Mashoga na Wasagaji. Pia alihudumu kama msaidizi wa hiari kwa Tamasha la Filamu la Kiafrika kwa miaka 15.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Murungi, Kagendo {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc.|url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/kagendo-murungi/|accessdate=2021-08-10|language=en-US}}</ref> Pia alishikilia wadhifa wa Mshiriki wa [[Programu]] na Muungano wa Kitaifa wa Uratibu wa Vipindi vya Televishenivya Weusi alipokuwa angali mratibu wa jamii. Mnamo [[2016]], alihudumu kama mkurugenzi wa Hazina ya Chakula katika Kanisa la St. Mary's, Harlem. Mnamo [[Agosti]] [[2021]], Shirika la kimataifa la Utetezi, Global Citizen, lilimtambua kama miongoni mwa wanawake wana harakati saba wa Kiafrika wanaostahili kutengewa makala katika [[Wikipedia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=7 Notable African Women Activists Who Deserve Wikipedia Pages|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/african-women-activists-wikipedia-wikigap/|accessdate=2021-08-10|work=Global Citizen|language=en}}</ref> == Kifo == Aliaga dunia tarehe [[27 Desemba]] [[2017]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 46 katika makazi yake Huko Harlem. Alizikwa Katika [[shamba]] la [[familia]] lao nchini Kenya.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=mmoneymaker|date=2018-01-02|title=Remembering Activist Kagendo Murungi|url=https://outrightinternational.org/content/remembering-activist-kagendo-murungi|accessdate=2021-08-10|work=OutRight Action International|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeleo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] eq5cjdiq7jb53nbgelx1l5656qlttt8 0 214688 1542664 1518700 2026-05-14T11:27:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Maarifa ya Kitamaduni''' (pia: maarifa ya asili, maarifa ya watu wa kawaida na maarifa ya kienyeji<ref name="repository.jmls.edu">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&context=ripl|title=Cultural heritage and new media: A future for the past|access-date=2019-12-05|archive-date=2020-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405095657/https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&context=ripl|url-status=dead}}</ref>) kwa ujumla yanahusu mifumo ya [[maarifa]] iliyojengwa ndani ya [[Utamaduni|tamaduni]] za jamii za kikanda, za asili, au za kienyeji. ==Aina za Maarifa ya Kitamaduni== Maarifa ya kitamaduni yanajumuisha aina mbalimbali za [[ujuzi]] kuhusu [[teknolojia]] za [[jadi]] na maisha ya kila siku, kama vile: * Mbinu za kujihifadhi (mfano: zana na mbinu za uwindaji au kilimo) * Ujauzito na uzazi * Tiba za jadi * Uongozi wa anga * Ujuzi wa ufundi na sanaa * Ufahamu wa nyota na anga * Hali ya hewa na mabadiliko ya mazingira Mifumo hii ya maarifa kwa kawaida inategemea uchunguzi wa moja kwa moja na mwingiliano wa muda mrefu na mazingira, ukipitishwa kwa maneno na simulizi kutoka kizazi kimoja hadi kingine. ==Utambulisho wa Tamaduni na Maelezo ya Kitamaduni== Shirika la Haki Miliki za Kiakili la Ulimwengu (WIPO) na Umoja wa Mataifa (UN) hujumuisha Maelezo ya Kitamaduni ya Jadi (TCE) katika ufafanuzi wao wa maarifa ya asili<ref>Kala, C.P. (2012) Traditional ecological knowledge and conservation of ethnobotanical species in the buffer zone of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. 194 pp</ref><ref>Turner, N. J., Ignace, M. B., & Ignace, R. (2000). Traditional ecological knowledge and wisdom of aboriginal peoples in British Columbia. Ecological applications, 10(5), 1275-1287</ref><ref>Kala, C.P. (2004). Studies on the indigenous knowledge, practices and traditional uses of forest products by human societies in Uttaranchal state of India. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Almora, India. 82 pp.</ref>. Mifumo ya maarifa ya kitamaduni na maelezo ya kitamaduni inaweza kujumuisha: * Utamaduni, hadithi, ngano, desturi, na sherehe * Muziki, nyimbo, midundo, na ngoma * Sheria, lugha, mitindo ya kuimba * Sanaa ya kuona na usanifu ==Sifa Muhimu za Maarifa ya Kitamaduni== ''' Hali ya Jumla ya Maarifa:''' Maarifa ya kitamaduni ni mkusanyiko wa ujuzi, mbinu, mazoea, na maelezo yanayohifadhiwa na kuendelezwa na jamii zenye historia ndefu ya mwingiliano na mazingira. '''Utambulisho wa Jamii:''' Kila jamii inaweza kutofautiana na nyingine kwa maarifa yake ya kitamaduni. Katika baadhi ya jamii, maarifa haya yana maana za kibinafsi na kiroho. '''Uhifadhi wa Mazingira:''' Maarifa ya kitamaduni kuhusu mazingira, kama vile vikwazo, methali, na mifumo ya maarifa ya cosmology, yanaweza kutoa misingi ya uhifadhi wa bioanuwai. Mfano mzuri ni watu wa Kayapo wa Amerika Kusini, ambao wameunda mfumo wa kina wa uainishaji wa maeneo ya kiikolojia ya savanna ya kitropiki ya Amazon kwa ajili ya usimamizi bora wa ardhi. ==Uelewa na Uchunguzi wa Kijamii== Wanasayansi wa kijamii wanakazia uelewa wa maarifa ndani ya muktadha wa kiasili, wakisisitiza mchakato wa kuendeleza maarifa kutoka vizazi vya awali hadi sasa. Maarifa ya kienyeji na ya kitamaduni yanaweza kutofautishwa kwa muda mrefu wa kuwepo kwao, kuanzia miongo michache hadi karne au maelfu ya miaka. Jamii za kienyeji mara nyingi zinaona maarifa yao kama sehemu ya cosmology yao, ambapo tofauti kati ya maarifa yasiyo ya kimwili na vitu halisi inaweza kupotea. Kwa mtazamo wao, maarifa haya ni ya jumla (holistic) na hayawezi kutenganishwa na ardhi na rasilimali zinazopatikana kwao. ==Haki na Usimamizi== Jamii nyingi za kienyeji hazina mila imara za umiliki wa maarifa zinazofanana na umiliki wa kisasa. Badala yake, zina mila za ulinzi na uratibu juu ya maarifa, ambapo sheria za jadi zinaongoza ni nani anaweza kutumia maarifa fulani katika nyakati na maeneo maalum, pamoja na wajibu unaoambatana na matumizi yake <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=WIPO Lex |url=https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/main/home |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=wipolex.wipo.int}}</ref>. Kutumia maarifa bila idhini au kwa njia isiyo sahihi kunaweza kudhalilisha mila na kuwa na matokeo ya kiroho na kimwili. Hivyo, jamii hizi zinadai heshima na uangalifu kwa wale wanaotumia maarifa yao ya kitamaduni. ==Masharti ya Kisheria na Haki za Mali== * '''Haki za Mali Asili:''' Haki za jamii za kienyeji juu ya ardhi na rasilimali ni hatarini kutokana na mabadiliko ya tabianchi. * '''Haki za Kitalii na Kiasili:''' Watu wa kienyeji wanatumia maarifa yao kwa usimamizi wa ardhi na rasilimali zao za kikanda. Mamlaka za kimataifa kama WIPO na mashirika kama CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity), pamoja na TRIPs zinahusiana na kulinda, kuhifadhi, na kuendeleza maarifa ya kitamaduni. Mifumo ya kulinda maarifa ya kitamaduni inajumuisha: 1. Kulinda maarifa kama urithi wa kitamaduni 2. Kulinda maarifa kama haki za binadamu za pamoja 3. Kutumia masharti maalum kulinda maarifa ya kitamaduni Hadi sasa, baadhi ya nchi pekee zinatoa ulindwa wa sui generis kwa maarifa ya kitamaduni, huku zingine zikiwa hazijaamua. Jamii za kienyeji zinaona mchakato wa haki za mali akili kama chombo cha kulinda au kuendeleza maarifa yao, lakini pia baadhi huchukulia mchakato huu kama hatari kwa tamaduni zao. ==Hali ya Umma na Haki za Kibiashara== * Kazi za kisanaa na za fasihi zinazotokana na tamaduni za jadi zinaweza kuwa kazi mpya zilizo na mtunzi hai na zinazoweza kutambulika. * Haki miliki kwa kawaida ni ya muda mfupi; baada ya muda maalum, kazi huingia kwenye domain ya umma. * Jamii za kienyeji kama Tulalip Tribes zinakemea wazo la “kushiriki wazi” bila heshima kwa sheria za jadi za kutumia maarifa. ==Mali Asili ya Kienyeji== Mali asili ya kienyeji ni neno la kisheria linalotumika kutambulisha haki maalum za jamii za kienyeji kudai, kulinda, na kudhibiti maarifa yao ya kitamaduni na ya kisayansi, ikijumuisha yale wanayojua sasa, waliyojua awali, au yatakayojulikana baadaye. Mashirika kama WIPO yameendelea kukuza ulinzi wa mali asili ya kienyeji, ikiwa ni pamoja na kupitia Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (IGC-GRTKF). Hii inalenga kulinda urithi wa kitamaduni wa jamii hizi dhidi ya matumizi mabaya na uhalifu wa kibiashara. ==Makubaliano ya Kimataifa== TRIPs na CBD: Masharti ya TRIPs yanaweza kuathiri matumizi ya maarifa ya kitamaduni yaliyo chini ya makubaliano ya CBD. Nagoya Protocol: Makubaliano haya ya kimataifa yanahusu kupata na kugawana faida (Access and Benefit Sharing – ABS) kutoka kwa rasilimali za kijeni na maarifa ya kitamaduni. Hali ya kimataifa inatambua haki za kijamii na rasilimali za jamii za kienyeji na kuhimiza ushiriki wa moja kwa moja wa jamii hizi katika usimamizi wa rasilimali na urithi wao. ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:utamaduni]] [[Category:Wiki Loves STEAMIA 2025]] aryuh7r3nf3d83jryvujk0dbfsto3mx 0 216483 1542073 1467523 2026-05-13T17:53:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatou Keïta''' (alizaliwa [[1965]]) ni [[mwandishi]] kutoka [[Kodivaa|Jamhuri ya Kodivaa]] wa [[Kitabu|vitabu]] vya [[watoto]] na [[riwaya]]. == Elimu na Taaluma == Mzaliwa wa [[Soubré (mji)|Soubré]] nchini [[Kodivaa]], Fatou Keïta alipata [[Shule ya msingi|elimu yake ya msingi]] huko [[Bordeaux]], ambapo [[baba]] yake alikuwa akisomea [[upasuaji]]<ref name=":0">https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/KeitaFatouEng.html</ref>. Baadaye alienda [[shule ya upili]] huko [[Bouaké (mji)|Bouaké]], ambako alipata [[Uzamili|shahada yake ya uzamili]] mwaka wa [[1974 KK|1974]]. Mnamo [[1981]], alihitimu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Côte d'Ivoire, na kufanya masomo zaidi nchini [[Uingereza]] na [[Marekani]]. Mnamo [[1995]] alishinda Fulbright Scholarship na akaenda katika Chuo Kikuu cha Virginia huko Charlottesville kutafiti [[Mwandishi|waandishi]] [[Wanawake wa Afrika|wanawake Waafrika Weusi]] nchini [[Marekani]] na [[Uingereza]]<ref>https://fulbright-ivorycoast.tripod.com/Fatou_Keita.pdf{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Aliendelea kuwa mhadhiri katika Idara ya [[Kiingereza]] ya Université de Cocody.<ref name=":0" /> Ameshinda tuzo kwa uandishi wake kwa watoto.[[Riwaya]] yake ya kwanza, Rebelle ([[1998]]), inahusu ukataji wa sehemu za siri za wanawake ([[ukeketaji]]). == Tuzo na Heshima == * 1994, ''Le petit garçon bleu'',[[Tuzo]] ya Kwanza, [[mashindano]] ya [[fasihi]] kwa Vitabu vya Watoto yaliyoandaliwa na ACCT<ref name=":1">https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/KeitaFatouEng.html</ref> * 1997, ''Le petit garçon bleu, pongezi, Tuzo la [[UNESCO]]''<ref name=":1" /> * ''Le petit garçon bleu'',Tuzo za Ubora za [[Kodivaa]] * 1995, Fulbright Scholarship * ''Le Coq qui ne voulait plus chanter'' (NEI 1999), Prix ​​Enfance, [[Chama]] cha [[Waandishi]] wa [[Kodivaa]] * 2008, ''Le Loup du Petit Chaperon Rouge en Afrique'' (NEI/CEDA 2007),Tuzo za heshima za NOMA <ref name=":1" /> == Wasifu == * 1996: ''Le petit garçon en bleu'', ''La voleuse de sourires'', ''Sibani la petite dernière'' * 1998: ''Rebelle'' * 1999: ''Le coq qui ne voulait plus chanter'' * 2002: ''Le billet de 10 000 F'' * 2004: ''Un arbre pour Lollie'' * 2006: ''Et l'aube se leva…'' * 2009: ''Le chien qui aimait les chats!'' * 2011: ''La petite pièce de monnaie'' == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lc1xn2i693g1bujvxqibmttatip4nqx 0 217190 1542393 1514759 2026-05-14T01:28:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542393 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iryna Ivanivna Stavchuk''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa [[Kiukraini|Kiukren]]<nowiki/>i, [[Naibu Waziri|naibu waziri]] wa zamani na mshauri wa sera ya [[hali ya hewa]]. Alitambuliwa kama mmoja wa ''BBC 100 Women'' mwaka wa 2023.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BBC 100 Women 2023: Who is on the list this year? - BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-02d9060e-15dc-426c-bfe0-86a6437e5234|work=News|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Maisha Yake == Stavchuk alizaliwa mnamo mwaka1982.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ukrainians hope to rebuild greener country after Russia’s war causes ‘ecocide’|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/ukraine-green-ecocide-russia-war-b2038825.html|work=The Independent|date=2022-03-19|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en}}</ref> Elimu ya Stavchuk ilijumuisha kusoma Ufuatiliaji wa [[Ikolojia]] na Uchumi katika Taasisi ya ''Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic'' huko Kyic. Baada ya kuhitimu alienda [[Uswidi]] ambako alichukua kozi ya uzamili katika Usimamizi wa Ikolojia na Sera katika Taasisi ya Kimataifa ya Uchumi wa Mazingira ya Viwanda.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Iryna Stavchuk {{!}} Stem is Fem|url=https://stemisfem.org/en/speakers/iryna-stavchuk|work=stemisfem.org|accessdate=2025-11-14}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alianza kazi katika Kituo cha Kitaifa cha [[Mazingira]] cha [[Ukraini]] ambapo alifanya kazi kwenye sera zinazohusiana na [[hali ya hewa]]. Alikuwa akisaidia kuandaa mwitikio wa Ukraini kwa [[mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa]] na alifanya kazi na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] katika mazungumzo yao kuhusu hali ya hewa kwa zaidi ya muongo mmoja.<ref name=":1" /> Mnamo mwaka 2008 [[Benki ya Dunia]] ilianzisha Mfuko wa Teknolojia Safi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Clean Technology Fund - Climate Funds Update|url=https://climatefundsupdate.org/the-funds/clean-technology-fund/|date=2018-11-14|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en-US}}</ref> Stavchuk amehudumu katika bodi ya wakurugenzi ya hazina hiyo.<ref name=":1" /> Mwaka 2017 alikuwa akifanya kazi katika Kituo cha Mipango ya Mazingira (Ecoaction)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Iryna Stavchuk|url=https://kyivindependent.com/author/iryna-stavchuk/|work=The Kyiv Independent|date=2022-03-25|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en}}</ref> ambayo alianzisha pamoja na wengine. Mwaka 2019 aliacha kuwa Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa Ecoaction<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=BBC 100 Women 2023: Who is on the list this year? - BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-02d9060e-15dc-426c-bfe0-86a6437e5234|work=News|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en-GB}}</ref> na kuwa Naibu Waziri nchini [[Ukraini]]. Aliwajibika kwa masuala ya hali ya hewa hadi mwaka 2022.<ref name=":1" /> Alibainisha kuwa maisha ya watu yalikuwa kipaumbele baada ya uvamizi wa [[Urusi]] lakini kulikuwa na uharibifu wa mazingira pia. Mitambo ya kutibu maji iliharibiwa na kuacha maji taka yakiwa yanaingia mitoni. Mabomu katika maeneo ya viwanda yaliunda uchafuzi wa hewa na ardhi. Kama "naibu waziri wa ulinzi wa mazingira na maliasili ya Ukrainia kwa ushirikiano wa Ulaya" alijaribu kuhakikisha kwamba yote haya yanafuatiliwa.<ref name=":0" /> Stavchik alijiunga na ''European Climate Foundation''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Iryna Stavchuk - European Climate Foundation|url=https://europeanclimate.org/member/stavchuk-iryna/|work=https://europeanclimate.org/|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en-US}}</ref> ambapo anafanya mipango ya kufufua baada ya vita ambayo inaendana na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa. Mwaka 2023 alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake watatu wa Kiukreni waliojumuishwa katika orodha ya BBC Wanawake 100 pamoja na mwandishi Oksana Zabuzhko na mwanzilishi wa hisani Olena Rozvadovska.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Three Ukrainian women are included in the list of the most influential women in the world in 2023 according to BBC|url=https://visitukraine.today/blog/2939/three-ukrainian-women-are-included-in-the-list-of-the-most-influential-women-in-the-world-in-2023-according-to-bbc|work=visitukraine.today|accessdate=2025-11-14|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wiki4HumanRights 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanawake nchi kwa nchi]] ffjphqgaadwubwdjse4t5mq5255kdhq 0 218806 1542410 1515056 2026-05-14T02:13:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542410 wikitext text/x-wiki '''JakoJako''' ni [[jina la kisanii]] la mtengenezaji la '''Sibel Jacqueline Koçer''', DJ, [[mwandishi]] wa [[muziki]] na mtengenezaji wa muziki wa [[Uturuki]]-[[Ujerumani]] katika muziki wa ''electronic music''. JakoJako anafanya kazi mjini [[Berlin]] na ni mkazi wa klabu ya usiku ya ''Berghain''. Huchapisha kazi zake chini ya lebo mbalimbali, ikiwemo ''Leisure System'', ''Beatport'', ''MUTE Records'', pamoja na lebo yake ya ''sub'' kwa muziki wa techno, ''NovaMute''. Amechangia nyimbo katika makusanyo ya ''BPitch Control'', ''Tresor'', na ''Figure'', na anajulikana kama msanii wa synth (pamoja na mbinu za DIY) mwenye wigo mpana wa muziki, kutoka ambient hadi techno.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Cole |first=Dan |date=2024-07-26 |title=JakoJako: "I do what I like to do, because I know it will be accepted" |url=https://www.the-berliner.com/music-clubs/berlin-techno-dj-producer-jakojako-sibel-kocer-segmente/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=The Berliner |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=15 questions {{!}} Interview {{!}} JakoJako {{!}} "It's important to experiment with new sounds. But it's also important to vision your own style and do what you're best at." |url=https://15questions.net/interview/jakojako-about-production-technology-and-creativity/page-1/ |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=15questions.net }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=JakoJako {{!}} Tresor Berlin |url=https://tresorberlin.com/artist/jakojako/ |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=tresorberlin.com |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] gxc7rk42abs6682h482yev8ksqckdvx 0 218988 1542317 1476840 2026-05-13T21:38:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542317 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Grigore I Ghica''' ([[1628]] – [[1675]]), mwanachama wa [[familia]] ya Ghica, alikuwa mlingeshaji wa Wallachia kati ya [[Septemba]] [[1660]] hadi [[Desemba]] [[1664]], na tena kati ya [[Machi]] [[1672]] hadi [[Novemba]] [[1673]]. Baba yake alikuwa George Ghica, mlingeshaji wa [[Moldavia]] ([[1658]]–[[1659]]) na baadaye mlingeshaji wa Wallachia ([[1659]]–[[1660]]).<ref name="d">{{in lang|ro}} [https://focsani-turism.info/index.php/ro/?option=com_objectiv&id=107 Description]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at the Focșani tourist office site</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1628]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1675]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 0xzataxtxwkethbjyuyuvbuta8gl6kg 0 221693 1542091 1485480 2026-05-13T18:21:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542091 wikitext text/x-wiki Flore Meltine Ramarozatovo ni mwanasiasa wa [[Madagaska]] (Malagasy). Ni mjumbe wa Bunge la Taifa la Madagaska, na alichaguliwa kama mbunge kupitia chama cha Tiako I Madagasikara katika Uchaguzi wa Bunge wa Madagaska wa mwaka [[2007]]. Aliwakilisha Jimbo la [[Soavinandriana]].<ref>[https://docplayer.fr/17972759-Amelioration-de-la-gestion-de-l-education-a-madagascar-approche-strategique-et-plan-d-actions.html LA GESTION DE L EDUCATION A MADAGASCAR APPROCHE STRATEGIQUE]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Madagaska]] 60let3kmtpomj209mqr389zyre6vzms 0 221856 1542579 1485972 2026-05-14T09:16:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542579 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kwasi Kwarfo Adarkwa''' ni msomi wa [[Ghana]] na aliyekuwa Makamu Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Sayansi na Teknolojia cha Kwame Nkrumah (KNUST). Mnamo mwaka [[2008]], alichaguliwa na Rais wa wakati huo wa Ghana, John Kufuor, kupokea tuzo ya kitaifa katika fani ya taaluma.<ref name=KK>{{cite web|title=MFANTSIPIM OLD BOYS HONOUR PROFESSOR ADARKWA. BY ANTHONY ASAMOAH|url=http://www.kumasimail.com/?p=922|publisher=www.kumasimail.com|accessdate=20 July 2011|archive-date=27 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327224617/http://www.kumasimail.com/?p=922|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=NATIONAL>{{cite web|title=President nominates personalities for National Awards|url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/170882/1/president-nominates-personalities-for-national-awa.html|publisher=www.modernghana.com|accessdate=20 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=President Kufuor nominates 241 for National Awards|url=http://www.myradiogoldlive.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1409&Itemid=99|publisher=www.myradiogoldlive.com|accessdate=20 July 2011}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:watu wa Ghana]] 9bsr8mtwhhjltieh9f5pwb3yi1snr0y 0 223368 1541979 1541224 2026-05-13T14:47:20Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anitah Namata''' (alizaliwa [[10 Oktoba]] [[2001]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa wanawake anayecheza katika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]] na [[kiungo]] wa pembeni kutoka nchini [[Uganda]]. Anachezea klabu ya Kampala Queens FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake ya FUFA, ambapo anajulikana kwa uwezo wake wa kushambulia na kusaidia timu katika maeneo ya pembeni mwa uwanja.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2024-01-10|title=Kampala Queens unveil forward Anita Namata|url=https://sports.mtn.co.ug/2024/01/10/kampala-queens-unveil-forward-anita-namata/|access-date=2024-11-26|website=MTN Sports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Anitah Namata - Soccer player profile & career statistics - Global Sports Archive|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/anitah-namata/543606/|access-date=2025-03-26|website=globalsportsarchive.com}}</ref> == Usuli wa kielimu == Anitah Namata alianza masomo yake katika Shule ya Msingi ya Agali Awamu huko Kawafu. Aliendelea na masomo yake ya Sekondari ya Princess Diana kwa ajili ya mwaka wake wa kwanza na wa pili. Baadaye, alihamia Shule ya Upili ya Uganda Martyrs, Lubaga, ambapo alikamilisha masomo yake ya Kiwango cha Kawaida mwaka wa 2017, baada ya kuchunguzwa na Kocha Nkugwa na kusaidiwa na Ndugu Leonard Nsubuga. Kisha Namata alijiunga na Shule ya Upili ya Waislamu ya Kawempe (2018), taasisi maarufu ya mpira wa miguu ya wanawake, ambapo alisoma historia, uchumi, jiografia, na hisabati ndogo, na kupata Cheti cha Elimu cha Juu cha Uganda mnamo 2019 akiwa na pointi nane.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Abdusalam|first=Kigozi|date=2020-02-10|title=Kawempe Muslims Wawazidi Mabinti wa Kampala Kushika Nafasi ya Juu|url=https://chimpreports.com/kawempe-muslims-edge-kampala-queens-to-go-top/|access-date=2025-03-26|website=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2024-11-08|title=Star Profile: Wazazi ni Kigezo Kinachoendesha Maisha ya Anitah Namata kwenye Soka {{!}} Sauti ya Bugerere|url=https://voiceofbugerere.com/star-profile-parents-a-driving-factor-in-anitah-namatas-football-career/|access-date=2024-11-26|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] jbirf4asus7oruaa50m39blnc3br45a 0 223380 1542454 1515995 2026-05-14T04:38:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542454 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jovia Nakagolo''' (alizaliwa [[23 Julai]] [[2005]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uganda]] anayeshiriki katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Anaiwakilisha klabu ya Kawempe Muslim LFC katika ligi ya wanawake ya Uganda. Alitambulishwa kama Mchezaji Muhimu Zaidi (MVP) wa Kombe la Wanawake la FUFA mwaka 2025.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Edrine |first=Lubulwa |date=2025-06-28 |title=Amus College crowned 2025 FUFA Women Cup Champions |url=https://roramedia.net/amus-college-crowned-2025-fufa-women-cup-champions/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=Rora Media Sports |lang=en-US}}</ref> Awali, Jovia alicheza kwa UCU Lady Cardinals FC katika mashindano ya kombe la taifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2024-06-17 |title=FUFA Women Cup: Rines eliminate UCU Lady Cardinals in semifinals |url=https://standard.ucu.ac.ug/fufa-women-cup-rines-eliminate-ucu-lady-cardinals-in-semifinals/ |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=The Standard Digital |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=FUFA Women Cup Archives |url=https://sports.mtn.co.ug/tag/fufa-women-cup/ |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=MTN Sports |language=en-US}}</ref> Baadaye alijiunga na Kawempe Muslim LFC kwa mkopo, na baadaye akasainisha mkataba wa miaka mitatu kabla ya msimu wa 2025/26 wa Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake ya FUFA (Finance Trust Bank FUFA Women Super League).<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Jr |first=Mugabi Geoffrey |date=2025-08-28 |title=Jovia Nakagolo: Striker Signs with Kawempe Muslim |url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/jovia-nakagolo-striker-signs-with-kawempe-muslim/ |access-date=2025-12-13 |website=SportsNation |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Klabu hiyo pia ilimuunga mkono kielimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kikristo cha Uganda (Uganda Christian University).<ref name=":0" /> Mchezaji Bora (MVP) wa ''2025 FUFA Women's Cup.''<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi ya klabu == Katika hatua za mwanzo za taaluma yake ya soka, Nakagolo aliichezea klabu ya UCU Lady Cardinals FC, ambapo alishiriki katika mashindano mbalimbali ya ndani ikiwemo kombe la taifa la wanawake la Uganda. Akiwa katika klabu hiyo alijitokeza kama mshambuliaji mwenye uwezo wa kufunga mabao na kusaidia timu katika safu ya ushambuliaji. Baadaye alijiunga na Kawempe Muslim Ladies FC kwa mkopo, kabla ya kusaini mkataba wa kudumu wa miaka mitatu kuelekea msimu wa 2025/26 wa Finance Trust Bank FUFA Women Super League. Uhamisho huo ulimpa nafasi ya kuendelea kukuza taaluma yake katika moja ya klabu zenye mafanikio makubwa katika soka la wanawake nchini Uganda. Mbali na maendeleo yake katika soka, Nakagolo pia alipata msaada wa kielimu kupitia ushirikiano kati ya klabu yake na Uganda Christian University, ambapo aliendelea na masomo yake sambamba na taaluma yake ya michezo. == Tuzo na mafanikio == * Mchezaji Bora wa Mashindano (MVP) - FUFA Women's Cup 2025. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2005]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] sspj5e938aj27edx1d5cap6vl7pxd6v 0 226345 1541957 1541091 2026-05-13T14:36:11Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Ennafati''' (amezaliwa [[29 Juni]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[Moroko]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] anayechezea Raja Club Athletic kama [[winga]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Kazi ya kitaaluma ya Ennafati kama mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu ilianza katika [[Ufaransa|Kifaransa]] [[Lille OSC]] [[timu]] ya akiba Lille OSC B baada ya klabu kukamilisha kusaini mchezaji huyo kutoka AM Football mnamo [[7 Februari]], [[2012]] katika mkataba wa miaka mitano. Mkataba huo ulikamilika mnamo [[1 Julai]], [[2012]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soccerstand.com/fr/football/maroc/coupe-du-trone-2014/|title=Coupe du Trone 2014 - Football, Maroc - Résultats, Classements - Soccerstand.com|website=www.soccerstand.com|accessdate=19 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2016/06/05/300990/|title=Maroc: Le FUS de Rabat champion pour la première fois|date=5 June 2016}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Moroko]] buzvwr2w7nqgc8eauv8rgcf490lkule 0 227147 1542101 1503021 2026-05-13T18:26:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Florence Daysh |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 1908 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Barbados]] |tarehe_ya_kufariki = 1979 |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = Florence Edith Daysh |anafahamika kwa = Uongozi wa kijamii, siasa na haki za wanawake Barbados |kazi_yake = Mwanasiasa, Mwanaharakati wa kijamii |nchi = [[Barbados]] |tovuti = }} '''Florence Edith Daysh''' (1908–1979) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri, mfanyakazi wa kijamii, na [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[haki za wanawake]] kutoka nchini [[Barbados]]. Anafahamika kama mmoja wa wanawake wa kwanza nchini humo kushika nyadhifa za juu za uongozi wa kisiasa, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuteuliwa katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la [[Barbados]] (Legislative Council) mnamo mwaka 1954.<ref name="caribbean-elections">{{cite web|url=http://www.caribbeanelections.com/knowledge/biography/bios/daysh_florence.asp|title=Biography: Florence Edith Daysh|website=Caribbean Elections|access-date=7 Aprili 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Daysh alizaliwa katika familia yenye ushawishi na alipata elimu yake nchini Barbados na baadaye nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alijikita katika masuala ya ustawi wa jamii tangu akiwa mdogo, jambo lililomfanya awe sauti muhimu katika kushughulikia changamoto za umaskini na ukosefu wa usawa wa kijamii uliokuwa ukiikabili Barbados wakati huo. == Kazi ya kijamii na kisiasa == Florence Daysh alijipatia sifa kupitia utumishi wake katika mashirika mbalimbali ya hisani na kijamii. Alikuwa mwanzilishi na [[kiongozi]] wa mashirika kadhaa yaliyolenga kusaidia watoto na wanawake wenye mahitaji maalum. Mnamo miaka ya 1950, aliingia rasmi katika ulingo wa siasa na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuchaguliwa katika Baraza la Jiji la [[Bridgetown]]. Mwaka 1954, uteuzi wake katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria uliweka historia nchini Barbados. Aidha, alihudumu kama mbunge katika Bunge la Shirikisho la [[West Indies]] (West Indies Federation) kati ya mwaka 1958 na 1962, akiwakilisha maslahi ya Barbados katika ngazi ya kikanda. Katika kipindi chote cha uongozi wake, alipigania uboreshaji wa huduma za afya, elimu ya watoto, na sheria zilizolenga kumlinda mwanamke dhidi ya ubaguzi.<ref name="nation-news">{{cite news|url=https://www.nationnews.com/|title=Women in Barbados History|work=The Nation News|access-date=7 Aprili 2026}}</ref> == Urithi na heshima == Florence Daysh anakumbukwa kama mwanamke aliyevunja vizuizi vya kijinsia katika siasa za nchini Barbados wakati ambao uwanja huo ulitawaliwa na wanaume pekee. Mchango wake katika kuimarisha mifumo ya ustawi wa jamii na kutoa mwanya kwa wanawake wengine kuingia katika uongozi wa kitaifa bado unatambulika hadi leo. Kwa heshima ya mchango wake, amepewa nishani mbalimbali za kitaifa nchini Barbados. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|1908|1979}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Barbados]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Barbados]] [[Jamii:WikiGap JWK 2026]] 2g0b9arkh7kses9t82z6ep27tahqt7r 0 227932 1542386 1509547 2026-05-14T00:42:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542386 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" |- class="infobox-data" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" |<div class="fn">Ibironke Akinsete</div> |- class="infobox-data category" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Kuzaliwa | class="infobox-data" | 1938 (umri&nbsp;87 &#x2013; 88) |- class="infobox-header" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Uraia | class="infobox-data category" | Mnigeria |- class="infobox-header" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Kichwa | class="infobox-data title" | Profesa |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" | |} '''Akinsete''' (aliyezaliwa [[1938]]) ni [[profesa]] wa Hematology na Utoaji Damu nchini Nigeria na mwanaharakati wa afya ya wanawake . <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bot Verification|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|accessdate=2025-08-11|work=nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng|archive-date=2024-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424192048/https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nigeria: HIV-Aids Prevalence Is Stabilising in Nation - Professor Akinsete|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201112271906.html}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa afya wa Hematology aliufanya kama njia yake ya kazi kwasababu ya kushawishika na damu na jinsi mwili wa binadamu ulivyoumbwa. == Biografia == Akinsete alipata elimu ya chuo ya shahada yake ya udaktari kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Aberdeen, [[Uskoti]]. Pamoja na hayo alimwagiwa sifa nyingine za msingi juu ya masomo ya Haematology kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Aberdeen . <ref >{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bot Verification|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|accessdate=2025-08-11|work=nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng|archive-date=2024-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424192048/https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/ "Bot Verification"] {{Wayback|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/ |date=20240424192048 }}. ''nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Kigezo:Rejea tovuti|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite uses generic title ([[Help:CS1 errors#generic title|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: generic title]]</ref> Akinsete alihudumu kwenye kazi ndani ya Chuo Kikuu cha Lagos, mahali alifanya kazi hadi kustaafu kama Mshauri wa Idara ya Hematology, ndani ya Chuo cha Tiba. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nigeria: HIV-Aids Prevalence Is Stabilising in Nation - Professor Akinsete|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201112271906.html}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://allafrica.com/stories/201112271906.html "Nigeria: HIV-Aids Prevalence Is Stabilising in Nation - Professor Akinsete"].</cite></ref> Alishika nafasi ya Mwenyekiti wa Huduma ya Uhamisho Damu ya Jimbo la Lagos. Pamoja na hayo ni mdhamini wa Mpango wa Kuzuia UKIMWI ndani ya nchi ya Nigeria na mlezi wa maisha wa Jumuiya ya Wanawake na UKIMWI kwenye bara la Afrika, Nigeria (SWAAN), Prof. Akinsete alishka nafasi ya Mwenyekiti mwanzilishi wa Kamati ya Kitaifa ya Utekelezaji wa UKIMWI-NACA. Akinsete alichaguliwa kuwa Mwanachama wa Chuo cha Sayansi cha Nigeria mwaka wa 2006. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://nas.org.ng/all-fellows-list/|title=Fellows of the Academy|accessdate=2025-09-02|work=The Nigerian Academy of Science|archive-date=2024-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302212838/https://nas.org.ng/all-fellows-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mwaka wa 2017, alitunukiwa Tuzo za Mafanikio ya Maisha katika Tuzo ya Ubora wa Huduma ya Afya ya Nigeria (NHEA) kwa utoaji wake kwa ubora na huduma bora ya afya. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bot Verification|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|accessdate=2025-08-11|work=nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng|archive-date=2024-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424192048/https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/ "Bot Verification"] {{Wayback|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/06/nhea-2017-prof-akinsete-mazi-ohuabunwa-to-receive-lifetime-achievement-award/ |date=20240424192048 }}. ''nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span data-ve-ignore=""> </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore=""><code class="cs1-code"><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Kigezo:Rejea tovuti|cite web]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment" data-ve-ignore="">Cite uses generic title ([[Help:CS1 errors#generic title|help]])</span> [[Category:CS1 errors: generic title]]</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bot Verification|url=https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/18/pathcare-akinsete-shine-at-nhea-2017/|accessdate=2025-08-12|work=nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng|archive-date=2024-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713042203/https://nigeriahealthcareawards.com.ng/2017/06/18/pathcare-akinsete-shine-at-nhea-2017/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6rc887cul1a1jdal9thri2sdnwdjyvd 3 228322 1542542 1505455 2026-05-14T07:36:46Z SHB2000 48030 SHB2000 alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AcidResonance]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Խարջո]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/AcidResonance|AcidResonance]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Խարջո|Խարջո]]" 1505455 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 14 Aprili 2026 (UTC) l1cczeel0641m8lo7qh8swnsngmb7vh 0 228978 1541954 1541592 2026-05-13T14:34:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Kazi */ 1541954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elani Dekker''' ni mwigizaji, mchora vielelezo na mcheza dansi kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]]. Aliteuliwa kwa tuzo ya SAFTA kwa uigizaji wake katika filamu ''Toorbos'' (2019).<ref>{{Rejea jarida|url=[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/movies/news/elani-dekker-plays-a-feminist-in-her-first-period-movie-toorbos-e988bd47-aefd-43cf-86a1-2c69b19e537e|title=Elani](https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/movies/news/elani-dekker-plays-a-feminist-in-her-first-period-movie-toorbos-e988bd47-aefd-43cf-86a1-2c69b19e537e|title=Elani) Dekker plays a feminist in her first period movie 'Toorbos'|journal=IOL|first=Debashine|last=Thangevelo|date=16 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida|url=[https://www.news24.com/channel/Movies/News/the-duality-of-a-boskind-toorbos-lead-elani-dekker-on-nature-love-and-the-intuition-of-women-20201110-2|title=The](https://www.news24.com/channel/Movies/News/the-duality-of-a-boskind-toorbos-lead-elani-dekker-on-nature-love-and-the-intuition-of-women-20201110-2|title=The) duality of a boskind: Toorbos lead Elani Dekker on nature, love and the intuition of women|journal=Channel24|first=Gabi|last=Zietsman|date=10 November 2020}}</ref> Filamu zake nyingine ni pamoja na ''Jou Romeo'' (2016), ''Liewe Lisa'' (2019), ''Silverton Siege'' (2022), na ''Die Bloedhonde'' (2024). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Dekker alizaliwa mjini [[Pretoria]]. Alisoma katika shule ya Kiafrikaans.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|url=[https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/vergeet-my-nie-ster-vertel-hoekom-sy-amper-vermaakbedryf-gegroet-het-20200710|title='Vergeet](https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/vergeet-my-nie-ster-vertel-hoekom-sy-amper-vermaakbedryf-gegroet-het-20200710|title='Vergeet) my nie'-ster vertel hoekom sy amper vermaakbedryf gegroet het|journal=Huisgenoot|first=Franco|last=Havenga|date=10 July 2020}}</ref> Kwa ufadhili wa masomo, alihudhuria kozi ya majira ya kiangazi ya “Acting on Film” katika New York Film Academy mwezi Julai 2015. Pia alipata mafunzo ya ballet na kufanya kazi kama msimamizi wa uzalishaji katika filamu ''Sink''. Mwaka 2021 alipata stashahada kutoka Taasisi ya Ubunifu wa Ndani (Interior Design Institute). == Kazi == Mwaka 2016, Dekker alifanya kwanza kuonekana katika filamu kama Yvette Verwey katika ''Jou Romeo''. Baadaye alicheza nafasi katika filamu ''Raaiselkind'' na ''Vaselinetjie'' mwaka uliofuata. Alianza kuonekana kwenye televisheni mwaka 2018 katika msimu wa kumi na tatu wa tamthilia ya M-Net iitwayo ''Binnelanders''.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|url=[https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/15-vrae-aan-binnelanders-se-jong-ster-elani-dekker-20180831|title=15](https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/15-vrae-aan-binnelanders-se-jong-ster-elani-dekker-20180831|title=15) vrae aan Binnelanders se jong ster Elani Dekker|journal=Huisgenoot|first=Myron|last=Weyers|date=31 August 2018}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliigiza katika filamu ''Liewe Lisa'' kama mhusika mkuu, na pia ''Toorbos'' kama Karoliena Kapp. Filamu hiyo ilitokana na riwaya ya Dalene Matthee, na kwa uigizaji huo alipata uteuzi wa tuzo ya SAFTA kwa mwigizaji bora wa kike.<ref>{{Rejea jarida|url=[https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/64729531/pretoria-nov-2020|title=Rising](https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/64729531/pretoria-nov-2020|title=Rising) Star|journal=Get It Pretoria|date=November 2020}}</ref> Pia alionekana katika filamu ''Vergeet my nie''. Dekker alifanya maonyesho yake ya kwanza ya sanaa binafsi Februari 2021, na ya pili yaliyoitwa ''Wild'' Septemba 2021. Alijiunga na Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators. Alirejea kwenye uigizaji katika filamu ya kihistoria ya vitendo ya [[Netflix]] iitwayo ''Silverton Siege'' (2022), akicheza nafasi ya Christine. Pia aliandika pamoja na kuigiza katika filamu ya uhalifu ''Die Bloedhonde'' (2024) kama Katrien, iliyoongozwa na Stiaan Smith.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/movies/reviews/elani-dekker-and-waldemar-schultz-are-a-marvel-to-watch-in-the-murder-mystery-die-bloedhonde-f1fb6340-d6d0-4d26-85be-d7327e9f3716|title=Elani](https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/movies/reviews/elani-dekker-and-waldemar-schultz-are-a-marvel-to-watch-in-the-murder-mystery-die-bloedhonde-f1fb6340-d6d0-4d26-85be-d7327e9f3716|title=Elani) Dekker and Waldemar Schultz are a marvel to watch in the murder mystery, 'Die Bloedhonde'|work=IOL|first=Bernelee|last=Vollmer|date=19 September 2024}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Kufikia mwaka 2020, Dekker aliishi Robindale, kitongoji cha Randburg.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.citizen.co.za/randburg-sun/uncategorized/2020/11/23/local-actress-looks-forward-to-the-premiere-of-breakthrough-role/|title=Local](https://www.citizen.co.za/randburg-sun/uncategorized/2020/11/23/local-actress-looks-forward-to-the-premiere-of-breakthrough-role/|title=Local) Actress looks forward to the premiere of breakthrough role|journal=Randburg Sun|date=23 November 2020}}</ref> Amechumbiwa na Stiaan Smith, ambaye ndiye mkurugenzi wa filamu ''Die Bloedhonde''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/elani-dekker-on-why-die-bloedhonde-is-a-deeply-personal-film-a0d96e28-9db5-4896-bbe7-2a2f7592ae0f|title=Elani](https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/elani-dekker-on-why-die-bloedhonde-is-a-deeply-personal-film-a0d96e28-9db5-4896-bbe7-2a2f7592ae0f|title=Elani) Dekker on why 'Die Bloedhonde' is a deeply personal film|work=IOL|first=Karishma|last=Dipa|date=26 September 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{BD|1983|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Afrika Kusini]] qnrh57mtrfv270ajnnwoyh18gro1a0u 0 230022 1542420 1508566 2026-05-14T02:32:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542420 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jared Daniel Kaplan''' ni [[mwanafizikia]] wa kinadharia na mtafiti wa akili bandia (AI) nchini [[Marekani]].<ref name="JHU_directory">{{cite web |title=Jared Kaplan |website=Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University |date=May 14, 2013 |url=https://physics-astronomy.jhu.edu/directory/jared-kaplan/ |access-date=January 29, 2026}}</ref>Yeye ni profesa msaidizi katika Idara ya Fizikia na Unajimu ya Chuo Kikuu cha Johns Hopkins, na mwanzilishi mwenza na afisa mkuu wa sayansi wa ''Anthropic''.<ref name="Time100AI_2025">{{cite magazine|title=Time100 AI {{!}} Jared Kaplan|magazine=Time|url=https://time.com/collections/time100-ai-2025/7305824/jared-kaplan/|date=August 27, 2025|access-date=January 29, 2026|last=Perrigo|first=Billy}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Reuters_Schulman_2025">{{cite news |title=John Schulman leaves AI startup Anthropic |work=Reuters |date=February 6, 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/john-schulman-leaves-ai-startup-anthropic-2025-02-06/ |access-date=January 29, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fchmnl8xx66o035pk3d27p99wfd60cp 0 231225 1541966 1541143 2026-05-13T14:41:20Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aleksandar Nikolić''' ([[Sarayevo|Sarajevo]], 28 Oktoba 1924 — [[Belgrad|Belgrade]], 12 Machi 2000) alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa kikapu kutoka Yugoslavia na Serbia. Kutokana na mchango wake mkubwa katika maendeleo ya mpira wa kikapu katika [[Yugoslavia]] ya zamani, mara nyingi huitwa “Baba wa mpira wa kikapu wa Yugoslavia”. Kwa heshima yake, ukumbi ulioko Bogoslovija, Belgrade, umepewa jina lake. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Ingawa alicheza mpira wa kikapu huko Belgrade wakati wa vita, baada ya ukombozi alikuwa sehemu ya klabu mpya ya Crvena zvezda, pamoja na Nebojša Popović, Raša Šaper na Bora Stanković. Baadaye, kutokana na wajibu wake wa kijeshi, alichezea timu ya Jeshi la Yugoslavia (JA), ambayo alishinda nayo Ubingwa wa Yugoslavia mwaka 1945. Baada ya hapo, Nikolić aliendeleza kazi yake ya uchezaji katika Partizan (1945–1946), lakini baada ya mwaka mmoja tu alirudi Crvena zvezda (1947–1949). Akiwa na Crvena zvezda, alishinda Ubingwa wa Yugoslavia mara tatu (1947, 1948 na 1949). Baadaye alicheza pia katika Železničar kutoka Čačak (1949–1950) na BSK Belgrade (1950–1951). Alicheza mechi 10 kwa timu ya taifa ya Yugoslavia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Поводом века од рођења професора Александра Николића у "Пиониру" постављена биста|url=https://rts.rs/sport/kosarka/5566015/povodom-veka-od-rodjenja-profesora-aleksandra-nikolica-u-pioniru-postavljena-bista.html|work=РТС|accessdate=2026-04-30|language=sr}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} {{BD|1924|2000}} [[Jamii:wachezaji wa Serbia]] 6skc35zwwfaogqw5cbw392dguembhjs 0 231428 1542425 1530646 2026-05-14T03:01:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542425 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeff Abraham''' ni mtangazaji wa masuala ya umma (publicist), mwanahistoria wa vichekesho, na mwandishi kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.coasttocoastam.com/guest/abraham-jeff-102245/|title=Jeff](https://www.coasttocoastam.com/guest/abraham-jeff-102245/|title=Jeff) Abraham|website=Coasttocoastam.com|access-date=10 December 2021}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kitabu chake pekee—''[[The Show Won't Go On|The Show Won't Go On: The Most Shocking, Bizarre, and Historic Deaths of Performers Onstage]]''—kiliandikwa kwa ushirikiano na Burt Kearns, na kilichapishwa tarehe 3 Septemba 2019 na Chicago Review Press.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=[https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/show-wont-go-on-book-performers-dead-onstage|title=Killer](https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/show-wont-go-on-book-performers-dead-onstage|title=Killer) Set: The Strange History of Performers Dying Onstage|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=4 September 2019}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.npr.org/2019/09/21/762988694/show-wont-go-on-book-compiles-performers-who-died-on-stage|title='Show](https://www.npr.org/2019/09/21/762988694/show-wont-go-on-book-compiles-performers-who-died-on-stage|title='Show) Won't Go On': Book Compiles Performers Who Died Onstage|website=NPR.org |date=21 September 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/dying-bizarre-history-onstage-deaths/|title=He's](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/what-to-read/dying-bizarre-history-onstage-deaths/|title=He's) dying up there: the macabre, surprisingly funny history of onstage deaths|first=Martin|last=Chilton|date=September 10, 2019|website=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=[https://www.jpost.com/opinion/book-review-the-shows-that-didnt-go-on-618210|title=Book](https://www.jpost.com/opinion/book-review-the-shows-that-didnt-go-on-618210|title=Book) review: The shows that didn't go on|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Marekani]] fmimzsm3bzwoglafxp19drdl1f552ow 0 231436 1542648 1530695 2026-05-14T11:02:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542648 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ludwig W. Adamec''' (10 Machi 1924 – 1 Januari 2019) alikuwa msomi kutoka Austria aliyebobea katika masomo ya Mashariki ya Kati na Afghanistan. Alikuwa profesa katika Shule ya Masomo ya Mashariki ya Kati na Afrika Kaskazini katika University of Arizona.<ref name=arizona>[[http://www.cmes.arizona.edu/faculty/detail.php?id=118](http://www.cmes.arizona.edu/faculty/detail.php?id=118){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}Ludwig W. Adamec]. Department of Near Eastern Studies. University of Arizona.</ref> Aliandika na kuhariri vitabu vingi, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuchapisha upya kazi muhimu ''Historical and Political Gazetteer of Afghanistan'', ambayo hapo awali ilikuwa imekusanywa lakini haikuchapishwa na serikali ya British India. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1924|2019}} [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Austria]] 321430rih0mrnufuxdjoyunw9fn44o6 0 231437 1542228 1530956 2026-05-13T20:06:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Rollie Adams''' (amezaliwa 11 Septemba 1941) ni mwalimu, mwanahistoria, mwandishi, na mtaalamu wa makumbusho kutoka Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-09-22|title=He built the world's biggest 'toy box,' now The Strong Museum CEO is retiring|url=[https://www.newyorkupstate.com/rochester/2016/09/he_built_the_worlds_biggest_toy_box_now_the_strong_museum_ceo_is_retiring.html|access-date=2021-01-17|website=newyorkupstate|language=en}}](https://www.newyorkupstate.com/rochester/2016/09/he_built_the_worlds_biggest_toy_box_now_the_strong_museum_ceo_is_retiring.html|access-date=2021-01-17|website=newyorkupstate|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> Kama rais na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa The Strong National Museum of Play mjini Rochester, New York kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 2016, Adams aliongoza maendeleo ya makumbusho ya kwanza duniani yanayotegemea makusanyo maalum kwa ajili ya kuchunguza mchezo (play) na umuhimu wake katika ujifunzaji na maendeleo ya binadamu, pamoja na jinsi mchezo unavyoeleza historia ya kitamaduni.<ref>Neil G. Kotler, Phillip Kotler, and Wendy I. Kotler, Museum Marketing & Strategy: Designing Missions, Building Audiences, Generating Revenue & Resources, 2d Ed. (New York: Jossey-Bass, 2008), pp. 108-13.</ref> Katika kipindi chake cha uongozi, makumbusho ya The Strong yalikuwa na mkusanyiko mkubwa zaidi duniani wa vitu vinavyohusiana na historia ya mchezo, ikiwemo vifaa vya kuchezea, wanasesere, michezo ya mezani, michezo ya kielektroniki, pamoja na nyaraka mbalimbali.<ref>Susan Asbury, “Serious Fun,” pp. 375-402, in C. Kurt Dewhurst, Patricia Hall, and Charlie Seemann, Folklife and Museums: Twenty-First-Century Perspectives (New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2017).</ref> Aidha, The Strong ilipata umiliki wa National Toy Hall of Fame na kuanzisha vituo na miradi kadhaa muhimu, ikiwemo International Center for the History of Electronic Games, World Video Game Hall of Fame,<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=This Museum Is Building a Video Game Hall of Fame|url=[https://time.com/3713552/video-game-hall-fame/|access-date=2021-01-17|magazine=Time}}](https://time.com/3713552/video-game-hall-fame/|access-date=2021-01-17|magazine=Time}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> Maktaba na Kumbukumbu za Brian Sutton-Smith za Mchezo, Shule ya Woodbury, pamoja na jarida la American Journal of Play. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|}} [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] kdo3z92sgkbsx2769gtsc75menio4uw 0 231469 1541956 1541090 2026-05-13T14:35:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Clarke Carson''' ([[14 Januari]] [[1869]] – [[23 Mei]] [[1941]]) alikuwa mwanajeshi na mwanasheria wa Marekani, aliyetumikia kama Jaji Mshiriki wa 10 wa mahakama ya juu ya Ufilipino kuanzia tarehe 16 Novemba 1904 hadi tarehe 30 Novemba 1920.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sevilla |first=Victor J. |title=Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines: 1966-July 1985 |publisher=New Day Publishers |year=1984 |isbn=9789711001384 |pages=14}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1869]] [[jamii:waliofariki 1941]] [[jamii:wanasheria wa Marekani]] mv3f1145ccvdifbmbryfxo1hnvexps3 0 231482 1542276 1530958 2026-05-13T20:55:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542276 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Glenn Adamson''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1972) ni msimamizi wa maonyesho ya sanaa (curator), mwandishi, na mwanahistoria kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kazi yake inalenga sanaa ya ubunifu wa bidhaa (design), ufundi (craft), na sanaa ya kisasa.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/1042316/mad-man-glenn-adamson-on-making-new-york-citys-first-craft|title=MAD](https://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/1042316/mad-man-glenn-adamson-on-making-new-york-citys-first-craft|title=MAD) Man: Glenn Adamson on Making New York City's First Craft Biennial|website=Blouinartinfo.com|accessdate=11 December 2018|archive-date=15 December 2018|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20181215174140/https://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/1042316/mad-man-glenn-adamson-on-making-new-york-citys-first-craft|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20181215174140/https://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/1042316/mad-man-glenn-adamson-on-making-new-york-citys-first-craft|url-status=dead}})</ref> Amewahi kuwa mkurugenzi wa Museum of Arts and Design, mkuu wa utafiti katika Victoria and Albert Museum, na pia msimamizi wa maonyesho katika Chipstone Foundation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Glenn Adamson – Art Jewelry Forum |url=[https://artjewelryforum.org/authors/glenn-adamson](https://artjewelryforum.org/authors/glenn-adamson) |accessdate=11 December 2018 |website=artjewelryforum.org }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kwa sasa, ni Curator-at-Large katika Vitra Design Museum, Mkurugenzi wa Kisanaa wa Design Doha, na mmoja wa wahariri waanzilishi wa jarida la ''Journal of Modern Craft''. Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mkurugenzi wa masuala ya ucuration katika Design Miami.<ref name="Waddoups-2024">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Waddoups |first=Ryan |date=2024-12-02 |title=See the Most Extraordinary Pieces at Design Miami 2024 |url=[https://galeriemagazine.com/design-miami-2024-highlights/](https://galeriemagazine.com/design-miami-2024-highlights/) |access-date=2025-07-16 |website=Galerie Magazine |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Zappa-2024">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Zappa |first=Giulia |date=3 December 2024 |title=The best of Design Miami 2024, #m[ ;l mk where optimism is the watchword |url=[https://www.domusweb.it/en/design/gallery/2024/12/02/design-miami-2024-limited-edition.h/ljnbvvvvvvvvvvvcxz\zxcvvvbnbtml](https://www.domusweb.it/en/design/gallery/2024/12/02/design-miami-2024-limited-edition.html) |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=Domus |language=en-gb }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Dezeen-2024">{{Rejea tovuti |date=2024-12-09 |title=The "idea of limitless imagination" drove this year's Design Miami |url=[https://www.dezeen.com/2024/12/09/design-miami-exhibition-2024-glenn-adamson/](https://www.dezeen.com/2024/12/09/design-miami-exhibition-2024-glenn-adamson/) |access-date=2025-07-16 |website=Dezeen}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972|}} [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] g2gjsh89uzp6tf1xlyfoanr1noo3wz7 0 231508 1542192 1531169 2026-05-13T19:30:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Gabriela Aguileta Estrada''' (amezaliwa [[Mexico City]], 1974) ni mwandishi wa vitabu vya watoto na hadithi fupi kutoka [[Meksiko]]. Alisomea taaluma ya biolojia katika Kitivo cha Sayansi cha [[UNAM]] nchini Meksiko. Mwaka 2004 alipata shahada ya Uzamivu katika jenetiki kutoka [[University College London]] nchini Uingereza.<ref>{{cite web|title=XpertScientific|url=https://xpertscientific.com/team/}}</ref> Akiwa mwanasayansi na mwandishi, ameishi, kusoma na kufanya kazi katika nchi mbalimbali ikiwamo [[Israeli]], [[Kanada]], [[Uingereza]], [[Uswidi]], [[Ufaransa]], [[Uhispania]] na [[Uswisi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes de Mexico|url=http://www.literatura.bellasartes.gob.mx/acervos/index.php/catalogo-biobibliografico/aspectos-generales/1605|accessdate=2026-05-04|archive-date=2018-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012113733/https://literatura.bellasartes.gob.mx/acervos/index.php/catalogo-biobibliografico/aspectos-generales/1605|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aguileta alikuwa miongoni mwa wahariri wa jarida la fasihi ya watoto '''''La sonrisa del gato''''', na mwaka 2004 alipewa ufadhili wa uandishi na [[Fundación para las Letras Mexicanas]] (Shirika la Kitaifa la Fasihi ya Meksiko).<ref>{{cite web|title=Fundacion para la letras Mexicanas |url=http://www.flm.mx/index.php/narrativa/813-gabriela-aguileta |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140228131834/http://www.flm.mx/index.php/narrativa/813-gabriela-aguileta |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-02-28 }}</ref> Aidha, ameandika vitabu vitatu vya maarifa ya sayansi kwa wasomaji wa kawaida.{{cn|date=Oktoba 2025}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:waandishi wa Meksiko]] c77769mdlr29sihlj8wjhnkbz43xi4g 0 231530 1542394 1531189 2026-05-14T01:32:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542394 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isaac Folayan Alade''' ([[24 Novemba]] [[1933]] – [[19 Juni]] [[2021]]) alikuwa msanifu majengo kutoka [[Nigeria]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Chief (Arc.) Isaac Fola Alade|url=https://www.architect-folaalade.com/professional-life.html|access-date=2024-07-06|website=www.architect-folaalade.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:wasanifu majengo wa Nigeria]] 2y1n0u85876xvnrjjtbmx7jvx7y8tmf 0 231546 1542361 1531211 2026-05-13T22:57:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542361 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helene Benveniste''' ni profesa wa anesthesiology (udaktari wa usingizi)katika [Yale School of Medicine. Kundi lake la utafiti lilikuwa miongoni mwa ya kwanza kufafanua njia ya glymphatic (glymphatic pathway), na kwa sasa linaangazia mchango wa mfumo wa glymphatic] katika usafirishaji wa maji ya uti wa mgongo (cerebrospinal fluid), magonjwa ya kudhoofika kwa neva, na uzee.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://medicine.yale.edu/anesthesiology/people/helene_benveniste.profile|title=Helene](https://medicine.yale.edu/anesthesiology/people/helene_benveniste.profile|title=Helene) Benveniste, MD, PhD > Anesthesiology {{!}} Yale School of Medicine|website=medicine.yale.edu|access-date=2018-11-17}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alipata shahada ya udaktari (MD) mwaka 1989 na shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) mwaka 1991, zote kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen. Benveniste alianza kazi yake kama mhadhiri katika Idara ya Anesthesiology katika Kituo cha Tiba cha Chuo Kikuu cha Stony Brook na akaanzisha kituo cha utafiti wa kabla ya majaribio ya kitabibu kwa kutumia upigaji picha wa mionzi sumaku (MRI) katika Brookhaven National Laboratory. Kazi yake huko Stony Brook, iliyojumuisha teknolojia ya upigaji picha wa PET (Positron emission tomography), ilipima upatikanaji wa dawa mwilini (bioavailability) na mienendo ya dawa (pharmacokinetics) za kemikali zinazoathiri akili pamoja na dawa za usingizi.<ref name=":0" /> Tangu kupanua utafiti wake kwenye mfumo wa glymphatic, amepata umaarufu wa kitaifa na kimataifa kutokana na kazi zake.<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/when-scientists-saw-the-mouse-heads-glowing-they-knew-the-discovery-was-big/2017/05/19/f33cc574-246a-11e7-a1b3-faff0034e2de_story.html|title=When](https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/when-scientists-saw-the-mouse-heads-glowing-they-knew-the-discovery-was-big/2017/05/19/f33cc574-246a-11e7-a1b3-faff0034e2de_story.html|title=When) scientists saw the mouse heads glowing, they knew the discovery was big|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=2018-11-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Benveniste, Helene}} [[Jamii:Wanawake]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gb42o2i87mbji6rtwbzj2ndsmz21dpw 0 231556 1542400 1531080 2026-05-14T01:44:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isabella Epiu''' ni daktari kutoka [[Uganda]] anayefanya kazi kama mtaalamu wa anesthesiology (udaktari wa usingizi) na dawa ya wagonjwa mahututi (critical care medicine). Anaripotiwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza daktari bingwa wa anesthesiology katika nchi za [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki]] kupata shahada ya Udaktari wa Falsafa (PhD). Mwaka 2023, alihitimu kutoka University of New South Wales mjini Sydney, Australia, akiwa na PhD katika Tiba (Medicine), akijikita katika fiziolojia ya neva na upumuaji pamoja na uchumi wa afya.<ref name="1R">{{cite web|url=[https://campusbee.ug/news/ugandas-dr-isabella-epiu-makes-history-as-first-female-anesthesiologist-with-a-phd-in-east-africa/](https://campusbee.ug/news/ugandas-dr-isabella-epiu-makes-history-as-first-female-anesthesiologist-with-a-phd-in-east-africa/) |title=Uganda's Dr. Isabella Epiu Makes History as First Female Anesthesiologist with a PhD in East Africa |date=7 December 2023 |work=Campus Bee Uganda |author=Christian |access-date=8 December 2023 |location=Kampala, Uganda}}</ref><ref name="2R">{{cite web| work=[[New Vision]] |date=7 December 2023 |url=[https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/news/ugandan-becomes-first-female-anaesthesiologis-NV_176408](https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/news/ugandan-becomes-first-female-anaesthesiologis-NV_176408) |title=Ugandan becomes first female anaesthesiologist with PhD |author=Michael Odeng |access-date=8 December 2023 |location=Kampala, Uganda}}</ref> == Historia na elimu == Epiu ni raia wa Uganda aliyezaliwa katika [[Wilaya ya Jinja]] karibu mwaka 1985. Baba yake ni Mchungaji Richard Honorat Epiu.<ref name="1R"/><ref name="2R"/> Alifaulu vizuri katika shule za msingi na sekondari katika wilaya yake ya asili kabla ya kuhamia Gayaza High School iliyopo [[Wilaya ya Wakiso]].<ref name="3R">{{cite web |date=23 January 2019 |url=[https://www.pawh.org/meet-isabella-epiu-medical-doctor-specialist-in-anaesthesiology-and-a-usa-nih-global-health-fellow/](https://www.pawh.org/meet-isabella-epiu-medical-doctor-specialist-in-anaesthesiology-and-a-usa-nih-global-health-fellow/) |title=Meet Isabella Epiu: Medical Doctor, Specialist in Anaesthesiology and a USA NIH Global Health Fellow |work=Pan African Women in Health (PAWH) |author=PAWH |access-date=8 December 2023 |location=South Africa }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baadaye alidahiliwa kwa ufadhili wa serikali katika Makerere University School of Medicine, ambako alihitimu Shahada ya Tiba na Upasuaji. Aliendelea kupata shahada ya uzamili (Master of Medicine – MMed) katika anesthesiology kutoka chuo hicho hicho cha tiba.<ref name="3R"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sgoyh58mkx5ypagdql2p2jildsyugye 0 231563 1542043 1531089 2026-05-13T15:49:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizaveta Petrovna Glinka''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Poskryobysheva''', anajulikana pia kama '''Dr. Liza''' ( 20 Februari 1962 – 25 Desemba 2016) alikuwa daktari wa [[Urusi]] na mtoa huduma wa kijamii, ambaye alianzisha shirika la hisani liitwalo *Spravedlivaya Pomoshch* (“Msaada wa Haki / Fair Care”). Alishutumiwa kwa madai ya kutekwa nyara kwa watoto wakati wa Vita vya Russo-Ukrainia. Glinka alifariki katika ajali ya ndege ya kijeshi ya Urusi aina ya Tupolev Tu-154 iliyokuwa ikielekea Syria mwaka 2016.<ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Litvinova |first=Daria |date=26 December 2016 |title=The Time She Didn't Come Back Alive |url=[https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2016/12/26/the-time-she-didnt-come-back-alive-a56650](https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2016/12/26/the-time-she-didnt-come-back-alive-a56650) |website=[[The Moscow Times]]}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Glinka alizaliwa mjini Moscow. Alisoma katika Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Utafiti wa Tiba ya Urusi huko Moscow, ambako alihitimu katika taaluma ya anesthesiology ya watoto (pediatric anesthesiology). Mwaka 1986 alihamia Marekani, ambako alisomea huduma ya watu wenye magonjwa ya mwisho (palliative care) na akajihusisha na kazi za hospice. Baada ya kurejea Urusi, alianza kufanya kazi katika Hospice ya Kwanza ya Moscow iliyoanzishwa na mama yake Anna Federmesser, Vera Millionshikova.<ref>{{cite web |author = Eroshok, Z. |language = ru |url = [https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2014/10/24/61691-liza-glinka-doktor-liza-151-o-tom-kak-pomogat-lyudyam-chi-ubezhdeniya-tebe-chuzhdy](https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2014/10/24/61691-liza-glinka-doktor-liza-151-o-tom-kak-pomogat-lyudyam-chi-ubezhdeniya-tebe-chuzhdy) |title = Liza Glinka: jinsi ya kusaidia watu wenye imani tofauti na zako |publisher = Novaya Gazeta |date = 2014-10-27 |accessdate = 2022-05-15 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990, mume wake Gleb Glebovich Glinka alihamishiwa Kyiv, Ukraine kwa miaka miwili, na Glinka alihamia naye huko. Akiwa Kyiv, alifanya kazi katika kuanzisha huduma ya kupunguza mateso katika kituo cha saratani cha jiji hilo. Mnamo Septemba 2001, kwa msaada wa VALE Hospice International, alifungua hospice ya kwanza ya umma Kyiv. Mwaka 2007, mama yake alipougua sana, alirejea Moscow.<ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962|2016}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Urusi]] llnrqgbi399qnizqm1amdpx1c7myppx 0 231566 1542676 1531237 2026-05-14T11:53:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maeve Hillery''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Finnegan'''; 14 Agosti 1924 – 10 Januari 2015) alikuwa daktari wa [[Eire|Ireland]] aliyebobea katika anesthesiology (udaktari wa usingizi). Pia alijulikana kama mke wa Rais wa 6 wa [[Jamhuri ya Ireland]], Patrick Hillery. == Maisha na familia == Mary Beatrice Finnegan alizaliwa tarehe 14 Agosti 1924 katika [[Sheffield]], Yorkshire. Baba yake alikuwa mjenzi kutoka [[Galway]], na mama yake alikuwa nusu Muirishi. Akiwa mtoto, Hillery alizuru Ireland mara kwa mara wakati wa likizo, na wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]] alisoma kwa mwaka mmoja katika shule ya bweni huko Galway. Baadaye alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Galway (University College Galway), ambako alihitimu kama daktari. Kisha akaendelea na masomo katika University College Dublin (UCD), ambako alisomea kuwa mtaalamu wa anesthesiology. Huko ndiko alikokutana na mume wake mtarajiwa, Patrick Hillery, ambaye naye alikuwa akisoma udaktari.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea habari |last=Prendiville |first=Norma |date=14 July 1990 |title=Portrait of a Lady |pages=52 |work=Irish Farmers Journal}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |last=McGann |first=Colin |date=2015-01-12 |title=Dr Maeve Hillery afariki Dublin |url=[https://clarechampion.ie/dr-maeve-hillery-dies-in-dublin/](https://clarechampion.ie/dr-maeve-hillery-dies-in-dublin/) |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=The Clare Champion |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Carroll |first=Steven |date=2015-01-12 |title=Maeve Hillery, mke wa rais wa zamani Patrick, afariki |url=[https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/maeve-hillery-wife-of-late-president-patrick-dies-1.2062845](https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/maeve-hillery-wife-of-late-president-patrick-dies-1.2062845) |access-date=2022-06-15 |newspaper=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> Alifanya kazi katika Jervis Street Hospital, St James's Hospital, na pia Sheffield.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea habari |last=Hynes |first=Ita |date=25 October 1986 |title=The First Lady |pages=8 |work=Irish Independent}}</ref> Wao walifunga ndoa tarehe 27 Oktoba 1955.<ref> Familia ya Hillery waliendesha kazi ya tiba pamoja katika Milltown Malbay wakati mume wake alipokuwa mbunge (TD). Pamoja walipata mtoto wa kiume, John, na mtoto wa kike wa kuasili, Vivienne. Vivienne alifariki mwaka 1987 kutokana na leukemia.<ref><ref name=":2" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ireland]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ireland]] 3cou12psz2e5z6sl3sutj9ys8br7neo 0 231571 1542128 1531201 2026-05-13T18:42:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francesca Gargallo''' (25 Novemba 1956 – 3 Machi 2022) alikuwa mwandishi na mshairi wa [[Meksiko]] aliyezaliwa [[Sicilia]]. == Maisha na kazi == Alizaliwa [[Siracusa]], [[Italia]] kwa jina '''Francesca Gargallo di Castel Lentini Celentani'''. Alisomea falsafa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Roma (Università degli studi di Roma) na baadaye katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Kitaifa cha Uhuru cha Meksiko]] (UNAM). Alipata uraia wa Meksiko na aliishi nchini humo tangu mwaka 1979. Aliandika vitabu vingi vya mashairi na riwaya kama vile ''Calla mi amor que vivo'', ''Estar en el mundo'', ''La decisión del capitán'', na ''Marcha seca'', miongoni mwa vingine.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.redescritoresespa.com/F/francescagargallo.htm|title=Red](http://www.redescritoresespa.com/F/francescagargallo.htm|title=Red) mundial de escritores en Español - Francesca Gargallo}}</ref> Gargallo pia alichapisha kazi zake katika majarida mbalimbali kama vile ''Proceso''. Alifariki kutokana na saratani tarehe 3 Machi 2022 akiwa na umri wa miaka 65.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.jornada.com.mx/notas/2022/03/03/cultura/fallece-francesca-gargallo-escritora-activista-y-docente-de-la-unam/|title=La](https://www.jornada.com.mx/notas/2022/03/03/cultura/fallece-francesca-gargallo-escritora-activista-y-docente-de-la-unam/|title=La) Jornada - Fallece Francesca Gargallo, escritora, activista y docente de la UNAM|website=[www.jornada.com.mx](http://www.jornada.com.mx)}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://peninsula360press.com/en_us/francesca-gargallo-feminist-latin-american-feminist-legacy/|title=Francesca](https://peninsula360press.com/en_us/francesca-gargallo-feminist-latin-american-feminist-legacy/|title=Francesca) Gargallo, Latin American Feminist Legacy|date=March 3, 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1956|2022}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Washairi wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Washairi wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Italia]] hwdiecmpbjwakuhdfgsy4qvejicl83m 0 231572 1542282 1531209 2026-05-13T20:59:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gloria Gervitz''' (29 Machi 1943 – 19 Aprili 2022) alikuwa mshairi na mtafsiri wa Kimeksiko mwenye asili ya [[Wayahudi]] wa [[Ukraini]]. == Wasifu == Gervitz alizaliwa tarehe 29 Machi 1943 katika [[Mexico City]], Mexiko.<ref name="enlacejudio">{{Rejea tovuti |url=[https://www.enlacejudio.com/2022/04/19/fallece-la-poeta-gloria-gervitz/](https://www.enlacejudio.com/2022/04/19/fallece-la-poeta-gloria-gervitz/) |title=Fallece la poeta Gloria Gervitz |website=Enlace Judío |access-date=2026-05-05 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Familia ya upande wa baba yake ilihamia Mexiko mwaka 1929, wakati baba yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 9.<ref name="milenio">{{Rejea tovuti |url=[https://www.milenio.com/cultura/laberinto/llevo-42-anos-conviviendo-poema-gloria-gervitz](https://www.milenio.com/cultura/laberinto/llevo-42-anos-conviviendo-poema-gloria-gervitz) |title=Gloria Gervitz y 'Migraciones': el poema de una vida |website=Milenio |access-date=2026-05-05}}</ref> Alisoma katika [[Universidad Iberoamericana]].<ref name="shearsman">{{Rejea tovuti |url=[https://www.shearsman.com/store/Gervitz-Gloria-c28271731](https://www.shearsman.com/store/Gervitz-Gloria-c28271731) |title=Gervitz, Gloria |website=Shearsman Books |access-date=2026-05-05}}</ref> Gervitz aliwahi kuishi nchini Marekani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1943|2022}} [[Jamii:Washairi wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wayahudi]] gbx0frfkpvpsuxzfjesnp12s11q7p7r 0 231573 1542054 1531203 2026-05-13T17:02:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ethel Krauze''' ([[Mexico City]], 14 Juni 1954) ni mwandishi na mtangazaji wa televisheni wa [[Meksiko|Mexiko.]] == Wasifu == Ethel Kolteniuk Krauze alizaliwa mwaka 1954 katika [[Mexico City]] na wazazi wenye asili ya Kiyahudi; mama yake alikuwa mwanafalsafa Mpolandi [[Rosa Krauze|Rosa Krauze Pacht]] na baba yake alikuwa daktari Mrusi Luis Kolteniuk Talesnik.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2014-04-01 |title=Rosa Krauze de Kolteniuk, Filósofa que dedicó toda una vida a la cátedra universitaria |url=[http://diariojudio.com/comunidad-judia-mexico/rosa-krauze-de-kolteniuk-filosofa-que-dedico-toda-una-vida-a-la-catedra-universitaria/16424/](http://diariojudio.com/comunidad-judia-mexico/rosa-krauze-de-kolteniuk-filosofa-que-dedico-toda-una-vida-a-la-catedra-universitaria/16424/) |website=Diario de la vida judía de México y el mundo |access-date=2026-05-05}}</ref> Ana dada mmoja, [[Berta Kolteniuk]], na kaka mmoja aitwaye Miguel. Binamu yake ni mwandishi [[Enrique Krauze]]. Alisomea lugha na fasihi ya Kihispania katika [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]]. Baadaye alifanya kazi kama mtangazaji wa kipindi cha televisheni ''Cara al Futuro'', kinachorushwa kupitia [[Canal Once (Mexico)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2010-04-08 |title=Dulce cuchillo |url=[http://www.jus.com.mx/webjus/?p=7](http://www.jus.com.mx/webjus/?p=7) |access-date=2026-05-05 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Krauze hushirikiana mara kwa mara na magazeti yenye wasomaji wengi kitaifa kama [[El Universal (Mexico City)|El Universal]] na [[Excélsior]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2012-05-29 |title=Diccionario de Escritores en México |url=[http://www.arts-history.mx/sitios/index.php?id_sitio=7851&id_seccion=3426&id_subseccion=7826](http://www.arts-history.mx/sitios/index.php?id_sitio=7851&id_seccion=3426&id_subseccion=7826) |access-date=2026-05-05 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Riwaya yake ''Infinita'' (ikimaanisha "Isiyo na mwisho") ilikuwa miongoni mwa kazi za kwanza kuzungumzia wazi suala la ushoga wa wanawake, na inachukuliwa kuwa kazi muhimu katika fasihi ya LGBT nchini Mexiko.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Muñoz |first=Mario |date=2011-03-31 |title=La literatura mexicana de transgresión sexual |journal=Amerika. Mémoires, identités, territoires |doi=10.4000/amerika.1921}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Meksiko]] 032mqg6pe6dh8qcqrdqu36r2ieqg680 0 231576 1541973 1541222 2026-05-13T14:43:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anita Holdcroft''' ni Profesa Mstaafu wa anesthesiology (udaktari wa usingizi) katika Imperial College London na Mshauri wa Heshima katika Chelsea and Westminster Hospital. Alibobea katika utafiti wa maumivu makali kwa wanawake, na alikuwa wa kwanza kuchunguza mabadiliko yanayotokea kwenye ubongo wakati wa kujifungua (parturition).<ref name=core>{{cite book|isbn= 978-0-511-54458-3 |last1=Holdcroft|first1=Anita|last2=Jaggar|first2=Sian|year=2005|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511544583|title=Core Topics in Pain|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|oclc=746605854}}</ref> == Elimu == Holdcroft ana shahada ya Shahada ya Tiba na Upasuaji na shahada ya Udaktari wa Tiba == Utafiti na kazi == Holdcroft ameshika nafasi mbalimbali muhimu, ikiwemo kuwa Rais wa jukwaa la Royal Society of Medicine (RSM) kuhusu uzazi (maternity) na mtoto mchanga (newborn). Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa kamati ya Obstetric Anaesthetists Association, kamati ya wataalamu wa afya ya British Medical Association (BMA), na mwenyekiti wa kundi la maumivu ya ndani (Visceral Pain Group) la Europain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/people/a.holdcroft/honours-and-memberships.html|title=Honours](https://www.imperial.ac.uk/people/a.holdcroft/honours-and-memberships.html|title=Honours) and Memberships - Emeritus Professor Anita Holdcroft|website=imperial.ac.uk|access-date=2019-03-20}}</ref> Utafiti wake ulijikita pia katika namna jinsia na tofauti za kijinsia zinavyoathiri utafiti wa kitabibu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Holdcroft|first1=Anita|last2=Snidvongs|first2=Saowarat|last3=Berkley|first3=Karen J.|date=2011|title=Kujumuisha jinsia na tofauti za kijinsia katika utafiti wa tiba|journal=Interdisciplinary Science Reviews|volume=36|issue=2|pages=180–192|doi=10.1179/030801811X13013181961590|bibcode=2011ISRv...36..180H |s2cid=70495798|issn=0308-0188}}</ref> Aliungwa mkono na Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) (MRC) pamoja na European Commission (EC).> Alikuwa katibu wa kwanza na baadaye mwenyekiti wa kikundi maalum cha maslahi (Special Interest Group) cha International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) kuhusu jinsia, wanawake na maumivu. Kikundi hicho kilitoa ripoti iliyoonyesha tofauti za maumivu na matumizi ya dawa za kupunguza maumivu kati ya wanaume na wanawake.<ref name="GreenspanCraft2007">{{cite journal|last1=Greenspan|first1=Joel D.|last2=Craft|first2=Rebecca M.|last3=LeResche|first3=Linda|last4=Arendt-Nielsen|first4=Lars|last5=Berkley|first5=Karen J.|last6=Fillingim|first6=Roger B.|last7=Gold|first7=Michael S.|last8=Holdcroft|first8=Anita|last9=Lautenbacher|first9=Stefan|last10=Mayer|first10=Emeran A.|last11=Mogil|first11=Jeffrey S.|last12=Murphy|first12=Anne Z.|last13=Traub|first13=Richard J.|title=Kusoma tofauti za jinsia katika maumivu na dawa za kutuliza maumivu: ripoti ya makubaliano|journal=Pain|volume=132|year=2007|issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S26–S45|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.014|pmid=17964077 |pmc=2823483 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uingereza]] i4utko6k22xkb7p1r7mza0f7l1gry91 0 231577 1542461 1531108 2026-05-14T04:54:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542461 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Judith Hulf''' ni mtaalamu wa [[Uingereza]] katika (udaktari wa usingizi)|anesthesiology. Alikuwa Rais wa Royal College of Anaesthetists kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-us/heritage/past-deans-presidents|title=Dr](https://www.rcoa.ac.uk/about-us/heritage/past-deans-presidents|title=Dr) Judith Hulf CBE - The Royal College of Anaesthetists|website=Rcoa.ac.uk|accessdate=17 November 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Hulf">{{cite web|url=[https://ebpom.org/faculty/hulf-judith/|title=Dr](https://ebpom.org/faculty/hulf-judith/|title=Dr) Judith Hulf - Evidence Based Perioperative Medicine|website=Ebpom.org|accessdate=17 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=[https://blackwells.co.uk/bookshop/promo/umh.jsp?action=more&id=7|title=Unsung](https://blackwells.co.uk/bookshop/promo/umh.jsp?action=more&id=7|title=Unsung) medical heroes: Dr Archie Brain|author=Hulf, Judith}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kazi == Hulf alihitimu kutoka Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine jijini London.<ref name="Hulf"/> Yeye ni Mshauri wa Kliniki katika Anesthesiology katika University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, na pia amewahi kuwa miongoni mwa wahadhiri katika Middlesex Hospital na University College Hospital, London. Amefanya kazi pia katika The Heart Hospital, iliyokuwa sehemu ya University College Hospital at Westmoreland Street jijini London.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/judith-hulf-president-of-the-royal-college-of-anaesthetists-20062009-192303/|title=Judith](https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/judith-hulf-president-of-the-royal-college-of-anaesthetists-20062009-192303/|title=Judith) Hulf, Rais wa Royal College of Anaesthetists (2006–2009)|website=artuk.org}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=H--3BAAAQBAJ&dq=judith+hulf&pg=PA200|title=The](https://books.google.com/books?id=H--3BAAAQBAJ&dq=judith+hulf&pg=PA200|title=The) Wondrous Story of Anesthesia|publisher=Springer New York|year=2013|isbn=9781461484417 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1940|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o3jemyyjq2xkndwradcoxx5lr31heyg 0 231582 1542050 1531325 2026-05-13T16:12:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Emilia Ortiz Pérez''' ([[Tepic]], 1917 – Tepic, 24 Novemba 2012) alikuwa mchoraji, mchoraji wa katuni, mchora karikacha na mshairi wa [[Meksiko|Mexiko]] kutoka jimbo la [[Nayarit]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa michoro yake ya rangi ya maji (watercolor) aliyotengeneza kuhusu makundi ya wenyeji wa eneo lake, pamoja na karikacha alizochora tangu akiwa mdogo za wanasiasa na watu aliowafahamu. Kwa ujumla, alitengeneza zaidi ya kazi 4,000 zenye mada mbalimbali.<ref name=":6">{{Rejea tovuti |title=BIOGRAPHY |url=[https://en.pintoraemiliaortiz.com/biografia](https://en.pintoraemiliaortiz.com/biografia) |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=Misitio |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baba yake, Abraham D. Ortiz, alihamia Tepic akitokea [[Oaxaca]], ambako alimuoa Elvira Pérez na kujishughulisha na biashara ya vifaa vya mavazi na zana. Emilia alisomea uchoraji katika [[Academy of San Carlos]] iliyopo [[Mexico City]]. Kazi zake za michoro na uchoraji zilianza kuonyeshwa hadharani mwaka 1940. Pia alikuwa mwandishi; kitabu chake kilichopata tuzo, ''De mis soledades vengo'', kilichapishwa mwaka 1986.<ref name="HellerHeller2013">{{cite book|last1=Heller|first1=Jules|last2=Heller|first2=Nancy G.|title=North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century: A Biographical Dictionary|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|pages=421}}</ref> Makumbusho ya Museo Emilia Ortiz yaliyopo [[Lerdo, Durango|Lerdo]] yanahifadhi kazi zake za sanaa na upigaji picha pamoja na sanaa za eneo hilo.<ref name="NorthropCurtis2007">{{cite book|last1=Northrop|first1=Laura Cava|last2=Curtis|first2=Dwight L.|last3=Sherman|first3=Natalie|title=Let's Go Mexico 22nd Edition|date=2007|publisher=St. Martin's Press|pages=427}}</ref> Ameacha binti yake Gabriela, ambaye ndiye msimamizi wa sasa wa Kituo cha Sanaa ya Kisasa cha Emilia Ortiz.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=El Centro de Arte Contemporáneo de Tepic honra a Emilia Ortiz |url=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcCGeWMb5Wg](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcCGeWMb5Wg) |access-date=2023-04-08}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1917|2012}} [[Jamii:wachoraji wa Meksiko]] 7exfeq0q7si0nwtylgrn1ero3x8hfqz 0 231591 1542240 1531130 2026-05-13T20:17:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gertie Florentine Marx''' (1912–2004) alikuwa daktari bingwa wa usingizi katika uzazi (obstetric anesthesiologist), anayejulikana kimataifa kama "mama wa obstetric anaesthesia".<ref name=IJOA>Gerard M. Bassell, [[https://www.obstetanesthesia.com/article/S0959-289X(04)00043-3/pdf](https://www.obstetanesthesia.com/article/S0959-289X%2804%2900043-3/pdf){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} In Memoriam: Gertie F. Marx, MD (1912–2004)], ''International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia'', Juz. 13 (2004), uk.141–143</ref> Marx alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa matumizi ya epidural analgesia wakati wa kujifungua, na alikuwa mhariri mwanzilishi wa jarida la kila robo mwaka ''Obstetric Anesthesia Digest''.<ref>Luca Prono, [[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gertie-F-Marx](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gertie-F-Marx) Gertie F. Marx, American physician], britannica.com. Ilifikiwa 4 Agosti 2019.</ref> ==Maisha== Gertie Marx alizaliwa [[Frankfurt]] tarehe 13 Februari 1912, na alisoma udaktari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Frankfurt kuanzia mwaka 1931. Akiwa Myahudi, alihamia [[Uswisi]] mwaka 1936 na kukamilisha masomo yake ya udaktari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Bern, akahitimu mwaka 1937. Baadaye mwaka huo alisafiri kwenda Marekani na kuishi katika [[Jiji la New York]]. Mwaka 1939 alipata nafasi ya mafunzo ya udaktari katika Beth Israel Hospital, na mwaka 1940 akawa mkazi wa kwanza katika programu mpya ya utaalamu wa usingizi katika hospitali hiyo. Mwaka 1943 alijiunga na jopo la madaktari wa kudumu katika Beth Israel Medical Center. Mwaka 1955 alihamia Chuo cha Tiba cha Albert Einstein, ambako alibaki hadi alipostaafu mwaka 1995 akiwa Profesa Mstaafu.<ref name=IJOA/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1912|2004}} [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake ]] tesrmvo1kqxn0l9ffxqa1ozcvk7zcxp 0 231594 1542500 1531222 2026-05-14T06:22:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542500 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kathryn Ann Kelly "Kelly" McQueen''' (amezaliwa tarehe 27 Juni 1962) ni daktari bingwa wa usingizi (anesthesiologist) na mtaalamu wa afya ya kimataifa kutoka [[Marekani]]. Kwa sasa anafanya kazi ya anesthesiology katika UW Health University Hospital iliyoko [[Madison, Wisconsin]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Department Leadership|url=[https://anesthesia.wisc.edu/department-leadership/|access-date=2022-02-21|website=Department](https://anesthesia.wisc.edu/department-leadership/|access-date=2022-02-21|website=Department) of Anesthesiology|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> na pia ni mwenyekiti wa Idara ya Usingizi katika University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. ==Miaka ya awali na elimu== McQueen alizaliwa katika Fort Gordon Hospital huko [[Augusta, Georgia]], kwa wazazi Jon Anthony na Betty Kay Green. Baadaye familia ilihamia Littleton, Colorado ambako McQueen alikulia pamoja na dada zake wawili, na alihitimu katika Shule ya Upili ya Littleton mwaka 1980. McQueen alipata shahada ya kwanza ya Biolojia kutoka Colorado College mwaka 1984, na akahitimu Shahada ya Udaktari wa Tiba kutoka University of Vermont College of Medicine mwaka 1991. Alikamilisha mafunzo ya udaktari bingwa wa usingizi katika University of Arizona na Mayo Clinic Arizona mwaka 1994 na 1995 mtawalia. Mwaka 1996, McQueen alikamilisha ushirika (fellowship) wa usingizi wa uzazi katika Mayo Clinic. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Madaktari]] 8hd9lgdp5l0iilkte4rnn5vjaugyoq3 0 231602 1542390 1531144 2026-05-14T01:09:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542390 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ina Pichlmayr''' (amezaliwa 1932 katika Wahlstatt, [[Silesia]]) ni daktari bingwa wa usingizi (anesthesiologist) na profesa wa tiba kutoka [[Ujerumani]]. Yeye ni mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Kituo cha Urekebishaji cha Rehabilitation Center Ederhof, hospitali maalumu iliyoko Iselsberg-Stronach (East Tyrol) inayohudumia watoto, vijana na wazazi wao kabla na baada ya upandikizaji wa viungo. ==Maisha== Ina Pichlmayr alisoma udaktari katika Chuo cha Munich kuanzia mwaka 1950 na akahitimu udaktari (PhD) mwaka 1956.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medizinische Hochschule Hannover : Ina-Pichlmayr-Mentoring |url=[https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring](https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring) |website=[www.mhh.de](http://www.mhh.de) |access-date=14 December 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kuanzia 1957 hadi 1958 alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa daktari, kisha akafanya mafunzo ya uzamili (residency) katika Idara ya Anesthesiology ya Hospitali Kuu ya Upasuaji ya Chuo Kikuu cha Munich kuanzia 1959 hadi 1963. Kuanzia mwaka 1961, Pichlmayr alikuwa daktari mwandamizi wa kwanza katika idara hiyo.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medizinische Hochschule Hannover : Ina-Pichlmayr-Mentoring |url=[https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring](https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring) |website=[www.mhh.de](http://www.mhh.de) |access-date=14 December 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baada ya kupata ualimu wa juu wa kitaaluma (habilitation) mwaka 1968, alihamia Hannover Medical School (MHH) mwaka 1971. Huko aliteuliwa kuwa profesa wa anesthesiology mwaka 1972. Kuanzia 1974 hadi kustaafu kwake mwaka 1997, alikuwa mkuu wa Idara ya Anesthesiology IV katika Taasisi ya Anesthesiology ya MHH.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medizinische Hochschule Hannover : Ina-Pichlmayr-Mentoring |url=[https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring](https://www.mhh.de/gleichstellung/ina-pichlmayr-mentoring) |website=[www.mhh.de](http://www.mhh.de) |access-date=14 December 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1932|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Madaktari]] 9j2mh8yr5ul3gmj4p77xc3cx868hu4q 0 231603 1542377 1531336 2026-05-13T23:42:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542377 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hijab Imtiaz Ali''' (1908–1999) alikuwa mwandishi, mhariri na mwandishi wa shajara kutoka [[Pakistani|Pakistan]]. Ni jina maarufu katika [[fasihi ya Kiurdu]] na anachukuliwa kama mmoja wa waanzilishi wa mtindo wa mapenzi (romanticism) katika fasihi ya Kiurdu. Pia anatajwa kama mmoja wa wanawake Waislamu wa mwanzo kabisa kupata leseni ya urubani, baada ya kupata leseni yake rasmi ya kuruka ndege mwaka 1936. Hata hivyo, inatajwa kuwa [[Zuleykha Seyidmammadova]] kutoka Azerbaijan ya Kisovieti alikuwa amepata sifa za urubani mapema zaidi, mwaka 1934.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gilded Letters - Asymptote|url=[https://www.asymptotejournal.com/poetry/hijab-imtiaz-ali-gilded-letters/|access-date=19](https://www.asymptotejournal.com/poetry/hijab-imtiaz-ali-gilded-letters/|access-date=19) Oktoba 2025|website=asymptotejournal.com|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=ARYNEWS>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2015-04-13|title=World's first ever Muslim female pilot – Hijab Imtiaz Ali|url=[https://arynews.tv/en/worlds-first-muslim-female-pilot-hijab-imtiaz/|access-date=19](https://arynews.tv/en/worlds-first-muslim-female-pilot-hijab-imtiaz/|access-date=19) Oktoba 2025|website=ARY News|language=en-US|archive-date=2 Agosti 2015|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150802194853/https://arynews.tv/en/worlds-first-muslim-female-pilot-hijab-imtiaz/}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20150802194853/https://arynews.tv/en/worlds-first-muslim-female-pilot-hijab-imtiaz/}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1908|1999}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Pakistan]] kc655ydqw56gdiv8f4cq0ll3jl34acr 0 231608 1542069 1531340 2026-05-13T17:45:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatima Surayya Bajia''' (1 Septemba 1930 – 10 Februari 2016) alikuwa mwandishi wa riwaya za Kiurdu, mwandishi wa tamthilia na mtunzi wa maigizo kutoka [[Pakistan]].<ref name="Dawn">{{cite web|url=[https://images.dawn.com/news/1174819/bajias-admirers-pay-tribute-we-can-say-that-we-have-lost-our-mother|title=Bajia's](https://images.dawn.com/news/1174819/bajias-admirers-pay-tribute-we-can-say-that-we-have-lost-our-mother|title=Bajia's) admirers pay tribute: 'We can say that we have lost our mother'|first=Peerzada|last=Salman|date=12 Februari 2016|work=Dawn|location=Pakistan|access-date=12 Novemba 2018}}</ref> Alitunukiwa tuzo mbalimbali ndani na nje ya nchi, ikiwemo tuzo ya juu ya kiraia kutoka Japani, kwa kutambua mchango wake katika fasihi na sanaa. Bajia aliwahi kuwa mshauri wa Waziri Mkuu wa mkoa wa [[Sindh]] nchini Pakistan, na pia alikuwa mwanachama wa kamati ya uongozi ya Baraza la Sanaa la Pakistan. Alifariki tarehe 10 Februari 2016 katika mji wa [[Karachi]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 85.<ref name="Dawn"/><ref name="who"/> Alikuwa mtu mashuhuri katika shughuli za ustawi wa jamii, fasihi, redio, televisheni na jukwaa la maigizo. Bajia aliandika kwa vituo vya [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]] vya [[Islamabad]] na [[Lahore]] tangu kuanzishwa kwa televisheni hizo. Aliandika tamthilia yake ya kwanza ndefu iitwayo ''Mehman''. Pia alichangia katika vipindi vya fasihi kama ''Auraaq'' na vipindi vya urembo vilivyoitwa ''Aaraish-e-Khaam-e-Kakal''. Aidha, alitayarisha vipindi mbalimbali vya watoto.<ref name="who">{{cite web|title=Fatima Suraiya Bajia profile|date=14 Septemba 2009|url=[https://whoiswhoinkarachi.blogspot.com/2009/09/fatima-suraiya-bajia.html|access-date=12](https://whoiswhoinkarachi.blogspot.com/2009/09/fatima-suraiya-bajia.html|access-date=12) Novemba 2018}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Dawn"/> Bajia pia alikuwa mwanaharakati mwenye msimamo thabiti wa haki za wanawake (feministi).<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=2016-02-10|title=Fatima Surayya Bajia: Urdu novelist dies aged 85|language=en-GB|publisher=BBC News|url=[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35544180|access-date=10](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35544180|access-date=10) Novemba 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1930|2016}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Pakistan]] 83sxrbg1vofg4wh5ygocmewxjs1wy2z 0 231619 1542066 1531206 2026-05-13T17:41:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faryal Gohar''' (amezaliwa 18 Desemba 1959) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo, mwandishi wa televisheni na mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu kutoka [[Pakistani|Pakistan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/454360-readings-by-faryal-gauhar-author-and-rights-activist-shares-her-thoughts-on-social-issues|title=Readings](https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/454360-readings-by-faryal-gauhar-author-and-rights-activist-shares-her-thoughts-on-social-issues|title=Readings) by Faryal Gohar: Author and rights activist shares her thoughts on social issues|website=The News International|date=18 Januari 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=[https://nation.com.pk/16-Aug-2021/achieving-women-empowerment-gender-equality-govt-cherished-goal-ch-sarwar|title=Achieving](https://nation.com.pk/16-Aug-2021/achieving-women-empowerment-gender-equality-govt-cherished-goal-ch-sarwar|title=Achieving) women empowerment, gender equality govt cherished goal: Ch Sarwar|website=The Nation|date=28 Septemba 2021}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa uigizaji wake katika tamthilia kama ''[[Uraan (1995 TV series)|Uraan]]'', ''[[Chaandni Raatain]]'', ''[[Chand Grehan]]'', ''Wisal'' na ''[[Mohini Mansion Ki Cinderellayain]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.democracynow.org/2010/9/13/this_is_the_worst_catastrophe_to|title=This](https://www.democracynow.org/2010/9/13/this_is_the_worst_catastrophe_to|title=This) Is the Worst Catastrophe to Hit Any State Since Biblical Times–Just Back from Pakistan, Faryal Ali Gohar Describes the Suffering from the Flood|website=Democracy Now!|date=2 Februari 2021}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1959|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Pakistan]] fjcpwm1b0hk481fedqefbghtywsbrlp 0 231672 1542387 1531319 2026-05-14T00:53:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542387 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iffat Rahim''', anayejulikana pia kama '''Iffat Omar''' (kwa Kipunjabi na {{langx|ur|), jina la ujana (née) '''Rahim''', ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo, mtangazaji na mwandishi kutoka [[Pakistani|Pakistan]] ambaye alipata umaarufu mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980 na 1990.<ref name="Tribune">{{cite web|url=[https://tribune.com.pk/story/1277676/pakistani-society-sees-models-escorts-iffat-rahim|title=Jamii](https://tribune.com.pk/story/1277676/pakistani-society-sees-models-escorts-iffat-rahim|title=Jamii) ya Pakistan huwaona wanamitindo kama wasindikizaji: Iffat Rahim|date=29 Desemba 2016}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://mashable.com/|title=Mashable|date=13](https://mashable.com/|title=Mashable|date=13) Juni 2025|website=Mashable|accessdate=13 Juni 2025}}</ref> Iffat ameteuliwa mara mbili katika tuzo za **Lux Style Award kwa Mwigizaji Bora wa Televisheni**. Mwaka 2023, alitunukiwa tuzo ya **PTV Icon** na [[Waziri Mkuu wa Pakistan]] [[Shehbaz Sharif]] kwa mchango wake katika sekta ya vyombo vya habari. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|0|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Pakistan]] sg2yjh5mn8nnkh7rsee964rgzwec8bt 0 231718 1541969 1541204 2026-05-13T14:42:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Margarida Taborda Duarte Martins de Carvalho''' (amezaliwa [[Lisbon]], 1969) ni mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Ureno]]. Yeye ndiye mwandishi pekee wa Kireno ambaye ametunukiwa tuzo ya [[Grande Prémio de Romance e Novela APE/DGLB|Grande Prémio da Associação Portuguesa de Escritores]] (APE/DGLB) kwa kila moja ya kazi zake tatu mfululizo za fasihi ya kubuni; tuzo hizo zilihusu riwaya mbili na mkusanyo mmoja wa hadithi fupi. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] tcg17p4wofc7k0pv00ipranag7tgkon 0 231726 1542350 1531589 2026-05-13T22:22:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542350 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hannah Emily Reid''' (19 Januari 1870 – 27 Mei 1955) alikuwa daktari kutoka [[Canada]].<ref name = "Sisterhood">{{cite web |title=Dr. Hannah Reid & Dr. Minerva Reid – Sisterhood |url=[https://www.womenscollegehospitalfoundation.com/News-Media/Blog/October-2018/Dr-Hannah-Reid-Dr-Minerva-Reid-Sisterhood.aspx](https://www.womenscollegehospitalfoundation.com/News-Media/Blog/October-2018/Dr-Hannah-Reid-Dr-Minerva-Reid-Sisterhood.aspx) |website=Women’s College Hospital Foundation |access-date=2021-03-01 |archive-date=2019-05-07 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20190507200338/http://womenscollegehospitalfoundation.com/News-Media/Blog/October-2018/Dr-Hannah-Reid-Dr-Minerva-Reid-Sisterhood.aspx](https://web.archive.org/web/20190507200338/http://womenscollegehospitalfoundation.com/News-Media/Blog/October-2018/Dr-Hannah-Reid-Dr-Minerva-Reid-Sisterhood.aspx) |url-status=dead }}</ref> Alikuwa mkuu wa idara ya usingizi (Chief of Anaesthesia) katika Women's College Hospital ya Toronto kuanzia mwaka 1926 hadi 1931.<ref name= "Notes">{{cite journal |title=Notes: Reid, Hannah Emily (1870–1955) |journal=Archives of Women's College Hospital}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Hannah Emily Reid alizaliwa karibu na Orangeville, Ontario tarehe 19 Januari 1870.<ref name= "The Indomitable Lady Doctors">{{cite book |last1=Hacker |first1=Carlotta |title=The Indomitable Lady Doctors |date=1974 |pages=119–131}}</ref> Tangu akiwa mdogo alikuwa na hamu ya kufundisha—baada ya kumaliza masomo yake katika Shule ya Upili ya Orangeville mwaka 1891,<ref name=":1">{{Rejea habari |last=Scrafield-Danby |first=Constance |date=12 October 2001 |title=Wonderful ladies from Dufferin's past |page=14 |work=The Midweek Banner; Orangeville, Ont. }}</ref> alipata cheti cha ualimu cha daraja la pili na kuanza kufundisha katika shule mbalimbali huko Toronto.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Early Female Doctors – Peggy Feltmate|date=27 March 2020|url=[https://www.peggyfeltmate.com/genealogy/early-female-doctors/|access-date=2022-01-02|language=en-US}}](https://www.peggyfeltmate.com/genealogy/early-female-doctors/|access-date=2022-01-02|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref><ref name= "The Indomitable Lady Doctors" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1870|1955}} [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] 43j4nbgx79izpet2582ixman30umiat 0 231735 1541962 1541120 2026-05-13T14:38:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aithne Rowse''' (amezaliwa takriban 1968) ni daktari bingwa wa usingizi (anaesthetist) ambaye alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] kukaa kipindi chote cha majira ya baridi katika [[Antaktika]]. ==Wasifu== Rowse alikulia [[Johannesburg]] na alisoma udaktari katika [[University of the Witwatersrand|Chuo Kikuu cha Wits]] (Wits University) Medical School.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=[http://alp.lib.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/123456789/6007/1997_february_10_cape_argus_docs_heed_over_heels_in_love_with_snow.pdf?sequence=1|title=The](http://alp.lib.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/123456789/6007/1997_february_10_cape_argus_docs_heed_over_heels_in_love_with_snow.pdf?sequence=1|title=The) Doc's Head Over Heels in Love - With Snow|last=Yeld|first=John|date=10 February 1997|work=Cape Argus}}</ref> Alifanya kazi katika Hospitali ya Johannesburg<ref name=":0" /> na pia kama daktari wa usingizi katika Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital iliyoko Diepkloof. Aidha, amechangia kuboresha mbinu za matumizi ya tourniquet (kifaa cha kudhibiti mtiririko wa damu wakati wa upasuaji).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rowse|first=Aithne|date=November 2002|title=Editorial|url=[http://www.sajaa.co.za/index.php/sajaa/article/view/111/119|journal=Southern](http://www.sajaa.co.za/index.php/sajaa/article/view/111/119|journal=Southern) African Journal of Anaesthesia & Analgesia}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] k7cn8rn6nuig5yastmy60m899s2bnif 0 231736 1541952 1541088 2026-05-13T14:33:41Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{vyanzo}} '''Abha Saxena''' ni mtaalamu wa bioethiki na afya ya kimataifa kutoka [[India]]. Alipata mafunzo kama daktari bingwa wa usingizi (anesthesiologist), na alifanya kazi ya udaktari kwa miaka kadhaa kabla ya kujiunga na [[World Health Organization]] mwaka 2001. Akiwa huko, alijihusisha kwa kiwango kikubwa na masuala ya bioethiki, akiratibu Kamati ya Maadili ya Utafiti ya WHO pamoja na Timu ya Maadili ya Afya ya Kimataifa. Tangu mwaka 2018, Saxena amekuwa profesa mgeni katika University of Geneva na mshauri mwandamizi wa bioethiki katika INCLEN Trust International. ==Elimu== Saxena alikamilisha shahada yake ya kwanza ya udaktari (MBBS) pamoja na shahada ya uzamili ya Udaktari wa Tiba katika All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, ambako pia alipata mafunzo ya kuwa Daktari bingwa wa anestesiolojia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Madaktari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uhindi]] tq7x6sidvmp2ajckrzlcxx5cv9m4dvc 0 231776 1542096 1531567 2026-05-13T18:23:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Florence V. "Frankie" Adams''' (1902–1979) alikuwa mwalimu na mwandishi kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alifanya kazi kwa muda mrefu katika Shule ya Atlanta ya Kazi za Kijamii (Atlanta School of Social Work) kuanzia mwaka 1931 hadi 1964. Anajulikana kwa uharakati wake wa kijamii na kama mwandishi wa vitabu ''Soulcraft: Sketches on Negro-White Relations Designed to Encourage Friendship'' na ''The Reflections of Florence Victoria Adams''.<ref name="WoodruffLibrary">{{cite web|title=Frankie V. Adams collection|url=[http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12322/fa:009|website=Archives](http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12322/fa:009|website=Archives) Research Center. |publisher=Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library|hdl=20.500.12322/fa:009|accessdate=16 September 2019}}</ref> == Wasifu == Florence Victoria Adams alizaliwa katika Danville, Kentucky tarehe 9 Julai 1902. Mwaka 1925 alihitimu kutoka Knoxville College.<ref name="Notable">{{cite web|title=Adams, Florence V. "Frankie"|url=[http://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/1223|website=Notable](http://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/1223|website=Notable) Kentucky African Americans Database|accessdate=February 7, 2018}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="WoodruffLibrary"/> Mwaka 1939 alipata Shahada ya Uzamili katika elimu (Master’s degree in Education) kutoka New York University.<ref name="WoodruffLibrary"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] jn42pfe99i5ui36bi6rsznw0vc77dq7 0 231778 1542033 1531580 2026-05-13T15:36:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliza Allen''' (amezaliwa takriban mwaka 1840 – baada ya 1910) alikuwa mwanabenki, mwanaharakati na mshiriki wa harakati za wanawake za Kiafrika-[[Marekani|Mmarekani]] (clubwoman). Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa True Reformers Savings Bank, benki ya kwanza nchini Marekani kumilikiwa na Waafrika-Marekani kupata leseni rasmi ya kibenki. Alijihusisha pia na mashirika kadhaa ya kujitegemea kiuchumi ya Waafrika-Marekani. Kabla ya Vita vya Ndani vya Marekani, alianzisha vyama vitatu vilivyosaidia wanawake waliokuwa watumwa katika upinzani wao dhidi ya utumwa. == Maisha ya awali == Allen alizaliwa akiwa mtumwa katika Westmoreland County, Virginia karibu mwaka 1840 katika shamba la Major Richard Beale.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Hargesheimer |first=Lexi |date=February 8, 2022 |title=Black History Month Heroes You Should Know: Eliza Allen |url=[https://kiss951.com/2022/02/08/black-history-month-heroes-you-should-know-eliza-allen/](https://kiss951.com/2022/02/08/black-history-month-heroes-you-should-know-eliza-allen/) |access-date=October 28, 2024 |website=KISS 95.1 FM }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":3">Burrell, W. P. (William Patrick); Johnson, D. E. (1909). ''Twenty-five years history of the Grand fountain of the United Order of True Reformers, 1881–1905''. Richmond, Virginia: Grand Fountain, United Order of True Reformers. pp. 395, 397–398, 400. – via Internet Archive.</ref> Alijiunga na Kanisa la Methodist akiwa mtoto.<ref name=":3" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] oj3tqllt1dump09b3760au0qt082r5x 0 231780 1541960 1541116 2026-05-13T14:37:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aimee Allison''' (amezaliwa 1969) ni mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''She the People'', mtandao wa kitaifa unaolenga kuinua nguvu za kisiasa za wanawake wa rangi (women of color). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Allison alilelewa katika mji wa Antioch katika Kaunti ya Contra Costa County, California. Ana Shahada ya Sanaa (B.A.) katika historia kutoka [[Stanford University]] na Shahada ya Uzamili (M.A.) katika elimu kutoka Stanford Graduate School of Education.<ref>{{cite news|url=[https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2005/02/15/17217401.php?show_comments=1|title=Anti-war](https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2005/02/15/17217401.php?show_comments=1|title=Anti-war) Activist & Veteran Aimee Allison Enters Oakland District 2 Council Race|date=February 15, 2005|work=IndyBay|accessdate=5 May 2016}}</ref> == Kazi za awali == Akiwa katika Jeshi la Marekani (United States Army), Allison alihudumu kama mhudumu wa afya vitani (combat medic). Baadaye alipata kuachiliwa kwa heshima kama mpinga vita kwa misingi ya dhamira (conscientious objector) wakati wa Vita vya Ghuba ya Kwanza (Gulf War), na akawa mshiriki hai wa harakati za amani. Pamoja na David Solnit, yeye ni mwandishi mwenza wa kitabu ''Army of None: Strategies to Counter Military Recruitment, End War and Build a Better World'', kilichochapishwa mwaka 2007 na Seven Stories Press.<ref>{{Cite web |url=[http://www.womensradio.com/articles/An-Army-of-None-by:-David-Solnit-and-Aimee-Allison/3167.html](http://www.womensradio.com/articles/An-Army-of-None-by:-David-Solnit-and-Aimee-Allison/3167.html) |title="An Army of None" by: David Solnit & Aimee Allison |access-date=2010-02-13 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110718215125/http://www.womensradio.com/articles/An-Army-of-None-by:-David-Solnit-and-Aimee-Allison/3167.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20110718215125/http://www.womensradio.com/articles/An-Army-of-None-by:-David-Solnit-and-Aimee-Allison/3167.html) |archive-date=2011-07-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pia amechangia katika kitabu ''10 Excellent Reasons Not to Join the Military''. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] l3t36z71w0brq491keevqoksh0ab8oo 0 231810 1542636 1533731 2026-05-14T10:49:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542636 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luc Marat Abyla''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Gabon]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa [[Chama]] cha Kidemokrasia cha Gabon (Parti démocratique gabonais – PDG), na ni [[Mbunge]] katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Gabon. Kwa sasa pia ni Rais wa Kundi la Wabunge wa PDG.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PARTI DEMOCRATIQUE GABONAIS - Le Groupes Parlementaire PDG|url=http://pdg-gabon.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=64|work=pdg-gabon.org|accessdate=2026-05-06|author=Administrator|archive-date=2009-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210072959/http://pdg-gabon.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=64|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Gabon]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasiasa]] g9wjz387l9crvbhqggiox2ptot9aqwa 0 231812 1542060 1533625 2026-05-13T17:16:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | jina = Eve | picha = Eve 2011 cropped.jpg | alt = | maelezo = Eve katika [[The Heart Truth]]'s Red Dress Collection Fashion Show, 2011 | jina la kuzaliwa = Eve Jihan Jeffers | majina mengine = | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1978|11|10}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], Marekani | tarehe ya kufa = | mahali alipofia = | sababu ya kifo = | wazazi = | kazi yake = {{flat list| *Rapper *mwimbaji *mtunzi wa nyimbo *mwigizaji *mhusika wa televisheni}} | asili yake = | dini = | ndoa = {{marriage|Maximillion Cooper|2014}} | watoto = 1 | module = {{Infobox musical artist 2|embed=yes | background = solo_singer | aina = [[East Coast hip-hop]] | ala = Sauti | miaka ya kazi = 1996–present | studio = {{flat list| *From the Rib *[[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony Music]] *[[Full Surface Records|Full Surface]] *[[Interscope Records|Interscope]] *[[Aftermath Entertainment|Aftermath]] *[[Ruff Ryders Entertainment|Ruff Ryders]]}} | ameshirikiana na = [[Ruff Ryders Entertainment|Ruff Ryders]] | wavuti = }} }} '''Eve Jihan Cooper''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Jeffers'''; amezaliwa Novemba 10, 1978) ni rapa, mwimbaji, na mwigizaji wa Marekani. Albamu yake ya kwanza ya studio, ''[[Let There Be Eve...Ruff Ryders' First Lady]]'' (1999), ilishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za [[Billboard 200]] (na kumfanya kuwa rapa wa kike wa tatu kufikia hatua hiyo). Albamu hiyo ilifanikiwa kupata mauzo ya platinamu mara mbili kutoka kwa chama cha [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA), na kutoa nyimbo kali kama "[[What Ya Want]]" (akishirikiana na [[Nokio]]), "[[Love Is Blind (wimbo wa Eve)|Love Is Blind]]", na "[[Gotta Man]]". Mwaka huohuo, alishiriki kama mgeni kwenye wimbo wa [[the Roots]] uitwao "[[You Got Me (wimbo wa The Roots)|You Got Me]]", pamoja na wimbo wa [[Missy Elliott]] wa "[[Hot Boyz (wimbo)|Hot Boyz]]". Albamu za pili na tatu za Eve, ''[[Scorpion (albamu ya Eve)|Scorpion]]'' (2001) na ''[[Eve-Olution]]'' (2002), ziliendelea kupata mafanikio makubwa ya kibiashara. Nyimbo zake kuu, "[[Let Me Blow Ya Mind]]" (akishirikiana na [[Gwen Stefani]]) na "[[Gangsta Lovin']]" (akishirikiana na [[Alicia Keys]]), zote zilishika nafasi ya pili kwenye chati za Billboard Hot 100. Wimbo wake na Gwen Stefani ulimfanya ashinde tuzo yake ya kwanza ya [[Grammy]] ya "Best Rap/Sung Collaboration". Baada ya kuondoka kwenye lebo ya [[Interscope Records]], Eve alitoa albamu yake ya nne, ''[[Lip Lock]]'' (2013), ikiwa ni mradi wake wa kwanza kama msanii anayejitegemea. Kama mwigizaji, aling'ara kama Terri Jones kwenye filamu za vichekesho za [[Barbershop (filamu)|''Barbershop'']], ''[[Barbershop 2: Back in Business]]'', na ''[[Barbershop: The Next Cut]]''. Pia alicheza uhusika mkuu kama Shelley Williams kwenye ucheshi wa [[UPN]] iitwayo ''[[Eve (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|Eve]]''. Kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2020, alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa kipindi cha mazungumzo cha [[CBS Daytime]] kiitwacho ''[[The Talk (kipindi cha mazungumzo)|The Talk]]'', ambapo aliteuliwa kuwania tuzo mbili za [[Daytime Emmy Awards]]. == Maisha ya awali == Eve Jihan Jeffers alizaliwa mnamo Novemba 10, 1978, mjini [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]. Ni binti wa Julie Wilch, aliyekuwa msimamizi katika kampuni ya uchapishaji, na Jerry Jeffers, msimamizi wa kiwanda cha kemikali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://people.com/archive/adamant-eve-vol-58-no-13/|title=Adamant Eve|website=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=September 23, 2002|volume=58|issue=13}}</ref> Eve aliishi Magharibi mwa Philadelphia mpaka alipotimiza umri wa miaka 13, ambapo familia yake ilihamia mtaa wa [[Germantown, Philadelphia|Germantown]].<ref name="score">{{cite news|last=Frisby|first=Mister Mann|date=September 2, 1999|title=Eve "n' the Score: All About Eve: Rapper Posed to Break Out of Germantown|newspaper=[[Philadelphia Daily News]]|page=47}}</ref> Alihitimu masomo yake katika shule ya upili ya [[Martin Luther King High School (Philadelphia)|Martin Luther King]] mjini Philadelphia.<ref name="score" /> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 18, alifanya kazi ya kucheza utupu (katika maklabu) mpaka rapa [[Mase]] alipomshawishi kuacha kazi hiyo.<ref>{{cite web|first=Allen|last=Starbury|date=June 16, 2010|url=https://www.ballerstatus.com/2010/06/16/eve-says-mase-is-the-reason-she-stopped-stripping-focused-on-music/|title=Eve Says Mase Is The Reason She Stopped Stripping & Focused On Music|website=BallerStatus|accessdate=March 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Harling|first=Danielle|date=June 17, 2010|title=Mase Helped Eve Turn From Stripping To Rapping|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.11503/title.mase-helped-eve-turn-from-stripping-to-rapping|access-date=December 1, 2019|website=[[HipHopDX]]}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1999, Eve alizungumzia uzoefu wake wa kazi hiyo katika mahojiano na jarida la ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', akisema: "Hiyo ilikuwa ni harakati tu; kuna wimbo unaitwa 'Heaven Only Knows' kwenye albamu yangu unaozungumzia hilo. Lakini sijuti – nilikuwa na umri wa miaka 18 na nimechanganyikiwa, nikipitia matatizo yangu binafsi. Niliifanya kwa mwezi mmoja hivi, na ninafurahi nilifanya hivyo. Ilinisaidia kujitambua na kuchukulia mambo kwa uzito zaidi. Ilikuwa inasikitisha – wasichana wengi kule wana watoto watatu au wanne. Nilikuwa nimekaa pale na kusema, 'Eve, hapa si mahali pako, huu si ulimwengu wako.'{{'"}}<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/qa-eve-2-162088/|title=Q&A: Eve|last1=Diehl|first1=Matt|date=October 28, 1999|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|language=en-US|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> Mapenzi ya kwanza ya Eve kwenye muziki yalikuwa uimbaji. Aliimba kwenye kwaya nyingi na hata kuanzisha kikundi cha wasichana watupu (Dope Girl Posse au EDGP).<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/eve-mn0000150962/biography|title=Eve {{!}} Biography & History|website=[[AllMusic]]|language=en-us|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> Meneja wa kikundi hicho alipendekeza waanze kurapu, na Eve akaendelea na mtindo huo. Baada ya kikundi kusambaratika, Eve alianza safari yake kama msanii wa kujitegemea akitumia jina la "Eve of Destruction".<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == === 1998–2001: Mwanzo, albamu ya kwanza na mafanikio makubwa === Mnamo mwaka 1998, Eve alionekana kwenye kionjo cha filamu ya ''[[Bulworth]]'' akitumia jina la '''Eve of Destruction''' wakati huo akiwa amesainiwa chini ya lebo ya [[Dr. Dre]] ya [[Aftermath Entertainment]]. Alishiriki kwenye wimbo wa [[DMX]] wa "[[Ruff Ryders' Anthem]]" (Remix) kutoka kwenye albamu ya ''[[It's Dark and Hell Is Hot]]''. Pia alitokea kwenye wimbo wa kundi la [[The Roots]] uitwao "[[You Got Me (wimbo wa The Roots)|You Got Me]]" kutoka kwenye albamu yao ya nne, ''[[Things Fall Apart (albamu)|Things Fall Apart]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/things-fall-apart-mw0000039775|title=Things Fall Apart - The Roots - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic|website=AllMusic}}</ref> Wimbo huo ulishinda tuzo ya Grammy mnamo mwaka 2000, lakini wakati huo Eve hakupewa tuzo hiyo kama msanii aliyeshirikiana nao rasmi. Miaka 26 baadaye, mnamo Januari 2026, baada ya marekebisho ya kiufundi kutoka kwa [[The Recording Academy]], taasisi ya The Black Music Collective hatimaye ilimkabidhi tuzo yake ya Grammy kwa mchango wake kwenye wimbo huo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eve Receives Grammy for ‘You Got Me’ After 26 Years: ‘What Is Yours Never Can Miss You’|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/eve-grammy-you-got-me-after-26-years-1236168042/|website=Billboard|date=2026-01-30|access-date=2026-01-30|language=en-US|first=Gail|last=Mitchell}}</ref> Wimbo wake wa kwanza kabisa, "[[What Y'all Want]]", akishirikiana na Nokio kutoka kundi la [[Dru Hill]], ulitolewa mwezi Juni 1999.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|first=Glennisha|last=Morgan|url=https://mykissradio.com/2019/09/13/eves-debut-album-let-there-be-eve-turns-20/|title=Eve Confronted Domestic Abuse On Her Powerful, Vulnerable Debut, 'Let There Be Eve'|date=September 13, 2019|website=My Kiss Radio 93.5|language=en|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> Wimbo huo ulishika nafasi ya kwanza kwenye chati za "Hot Rap Songs". Albamu yake ya kwanza iitwayo ''[[Let There Be Eve...Ruff Ryders' First Lady]]'' ilitolewa Septemba 14, 1999, kupitia lebo za [[Ruff Ryders Entertainment]] na [[Interscope Records]].<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/news/2016/09/eve-let-there-be-eve-ruff-ryders-first-lady/|title=Eve Drops Debut Album: Today in Hip-Hop|website=[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]]|last=Madden|first=Sidney|date=September 14, 2016 |language=en|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> Eve alikuwa msanii wa kike wa tatu wa hip-hop kufikisha albamu yake kwenye nafasi ya kwanza katika chati za [[Billboard 200]], akifuata nyayo za [[Lauryn Hill]] na [[Foxy Brown]]. Albamu hiyo imeuza zaidi ya nakala milioni mbili na kupata cheti cha platinamu mara mbili. Inajumuisha nyimbo kama "[[Gotta Man]]" na "[[Love Is Blind (wimbo wa Eve)|Love Is Blind]]",<ref name=":2" /> ambao uliandikwa kulingana na kisa cha kweli cha rafiki yake aliyekuwa akinyanyaswa na mwanaume aliyemzidi umri.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://10daily.com.au/entertainment/a181117sko/rapper-eve-talks-truly-scary-domestic-violence-stats-on-aussie-tour-20181118|title=Eve Interview On Domestic Violence Stats {{!}} 10 daily|website=10daily.com.au|access-date=December 1, 2019|date=November 18, 2018}}</ref> Nyimbo zote kwenye albamu hiyo ziliandikwa na Eve mwenyewe. Mnamo Novemba 1999, Eve alishirikishwa kwenye wimbo wa [[Missy Elliott]] uitwao "[[Hot Boyz (wimbo)|Hot Boyz (Remix)]]" akiwa na [[Nas]], Lil Mo, na [[Q-Tip]].<ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.vibe.com/2019/11/missy-elliotts-hot-boyz-remix-20-years|title=Missy Elliott's "Hot Boyz" Remix Remains A Heater 20 Years Later|date=November 9, 2019|website=Vibe|language=en|access-date=December 1, 2019}}</ref> Wimbo huo ulikaa kwenye nafasi ya kwanza kwa wiki 18 kwenye chati za "Hot Rap Singles". Albamu yake ya pili ya studio, ''[[Scorpion (albamu ya Eve)|Scorpion]]'', ilitolewa Machi 6, 2001. Katika kipindi hicho, jarida la [[Jet (magazine)|''Jet'']] lilimtangaza kuwa "Malkia wa Rap" (Queen of Rap).<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8sMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA58|title=Cover Story: Eve|magazine=Jet|date=April 9, 2001}}</ref> Wimbo wa pili kutoka albamu hiyo, "[[Let Me Blow Ya Mind]]" akiwa na [[Gwen Stefani]], ulishika nafasi ya pili kwenye Billboard Hot 100 na kushinda tuzo ya [[Grammy Award]] mnamo mwaka 2002.<ref name=":2" /> Mnamo Juni 2001, Eve alishinda tuzo ya [[BET Awards|BET]] kama Msanii Bora wa Kike wa Hip-Hop.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2001/nominees.html?cid=facebook|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207035004/https://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2001/nominees.html?cid=facebook|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 7, 2019|title=BET Awards 2001 Winners|website=BET.com|access-date=April 30, 2019}}</ref> == Diskografia == {{main|Diskografia ya Eve}} === Albamu za studio === * ''[[Let There Be Eve...Ruff Ryders' First Lady]]'' (1999) * ''[[Scorpion (albamu ya Eve)|Scorpion]]'' (2001) * ''[[Eve-Olution]]'' (2002) * ''[[Lip Lock]]'' (2013) == Filamu == === Filamu za Sinema === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Filamu ! Uhusika ! Maelezo |- |rowspan="2"| 2002 | ''[[Barbershop (filamu)|Barbershop]]'' | Terri Jones | |- | ''[[XXX (filamu ya 2002)|XXX]]'' | J.J. | |- | 2003 | ''[[Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | |- |rowspan="3"| 2004 | ''[[The Woodsman (filamu ya 2004)|The Woodsman]]'' | Mary-Kay | |- | ''[[Barbershop 2: Back in Business]]'' | Terri Jones | |- | ''[[The Cookout]]'' | Becky | |- | 2008 | ''[[Flashbacks of a Fool]]'' | Ophelia Franklin | |- | 2009 | ''[[Whip It (filamu)|Whip It]]'' | Rosa Sparks | |- | 2010 | ''[[4.3.2.1.]]'' | Latisha | |- | 2012 | ''All Wifed Out'' | Natalie | |- | 2013 | ''[[Bounty Killer (filamu)|Bounty Killer]]'' | Mocha Sujata | |- | 2014 | ''[[Animal (filamu ya 2014)|Animal]]'' | Barbara | |- | 2015 | ''[[With This Ring (filamu ya 2015)|With This Ring]]'' | Amaya | Filamu ya TV |- | 2016 | ''[[Barbershop: The Next Cut]]'' | Terri Jones | |- | 2025 | ''[[Christmas Karma]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | |} === Televisheni === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Kipindi ! Uhusika ! Maelezo |- |rowspan="2"| 1999 | ''[[Soul Train]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Silk/Eve/Lost Boyz" |- | ''[[Showtime at the Apollo]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 13.6" |- | 2000 | ''[[FANatic]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Sarah Michelle Gellar/Eve" |- |rowspan="3"| 2001 | ''[[Making the Video]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve: Who's That Girl?" |- | ''[[Soul Train Lady of Soul Awards]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Mtangazaji mwenza | Mtangazaji mkuu mwenza |- | ''[[Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (mchezo wa TV wa Marekani)|Who Wants to Be a Millionaire]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Mshiriki | Sehemu ya: "Celebrity Edition 4, Show 1 & 3-4" |- |rowspan="2"| 2001–2005 | ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Mgeni wa mara kwa mara |- | ''[[Top of the Pops]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Mgeni wa mara kwa mara |- |rowspan="3"| 2003 | ''Style Star'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve" |- | ''[[Third Watch]]'' | Yvette Powel | Sehemu ya: "Second Chances" |- | ''[[Spider-Man: The New Animated Series]]'' | Cheyenne/Talon (sauti) | Sehemu ya: "Keeping Secrets" |- | 2003–2006 | ''[[Eve (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|Eve]]'' | Shelly Williams | Uhusika mkuu |- |rowspan="3"| 2004 | ''[[E! True Hollywood Story]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Missy 'Misdemeanor' Elliott" |- | ''[[Punk'd]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 3.1" |- | ''[[One on One (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|One on One]]'' | Ida | Sehemu ya: "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad Hip Hop World" |- |rowspan="4"| 2005 | ''[[The Apprentice (kipindi cha TV cha Marekani)|The Apprentice]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Bling It On" |- | ''[[Red Nose Day]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Red Nose Day 2005" |- | ''[[Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 5.5" |- | ''[[America's Next Top Model]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "The Girl Who Gets Bad News" |- | 2006 | ''Your Total Health'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 3.20" |- | 2008 | ''[[Stylista]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "The Right Fit" |- |rowspan="3"| 2009 | ''Styl'd'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Catwalks and Catfights" |- | ''[[Numbers (mfululizo wa TV)|Numbers]]'' | La-La Buendia | Sehemu ya: "Sneakerhead" |- | ''[[Glee (mfululizo wa TV)|Glee]]'' | Grace Hitchens | Uhusika wa mara kwa mara: Msimu wa 1 |- |rowspan="3"| 2010 | ''[[Behind the Music]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve" |- | ''[[Double Exposure (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|Double Exposure]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "A Monster with Two Heads" |- | ''[[MTV Africa Music Awards 2010|MTV Africa Music Awards]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Host | Mtangazaji mkuu |- | 2011 | ''[[Audrina]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Cheers to the Freakin' Weekend" |- | 2011–2012 | ''[[Single Ladies (mfululizo wa TV)|Single Ladies]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Uhusika wa mwalikwa: Msimu wa 1-2 |- | 2012 | ''[[Whitney (mfululizo wa TV)|Whitney]]'' | Britnee | Sehemu ya: "Something Old, Something New" |- |rowspan="2"| 2013 | ''Marked Up'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 2.2" |- | ''[[The Getaway (mfululizo wa TV)|The Getaway]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve in Kingston" |- |rowspan="2"| 2014 | ''[[The Dudesons]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Gumball Rally in America" |- | ''[[RuPaul's Drag Race (msimu wa 6)|RuPaul's Drag Race]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Jaji mwalikwa | Sehemu ya: "Oh No She Betta Don't!" |- |rowspan="3"| 2016 | ''Inside the Label'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Ruff Ryders Entertainment" |- | ''[[Hip Hop Honors|VH1 Hip Hop Honors: All Hail the Queens]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Host | Mtangazaji mkuu |- | ''[[The Real (kipindi cha mazungumzo)|The Real]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Mtangazaji mwenza mwalikwa | Mtangazaji mwenza mwalikwa: Msimu wa 3 |- | 2017 | ''[[Daytime Divas]]'' | Cecile James | Uhusika wa mara kwa mara |- | 2017–2020 | ''[[The Talk (kipindi cha mazungumzo)|The Talk]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Mtangazaji mwenza | Mtangazaji mwenza mkuu: Msimu wa 8-11 |- |rowspan="4"| 2018 | ''[[Celebrity Family Feud]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 5.2" |- | ''[[Jane the Virgin]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Chapter Seventy-Four" |- | ''[[Empire (mfululizo wa TV wa 2015)|Empire]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Bloody Noses and Crack'd Crowns" |- | ''[[Happy Together (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|Happy Together]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "The Power of Yes... Men" |- | 2019 | ''[[Let's Make a Deal]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Episode 10.151" |- |rowspan="4"| 2020 | ''Ruff Ryders Chronicles'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Mgeni mkuu |- | ''Uncensored'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve" |- | ''[[Kidding]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "I Wonder What Grass Tastes Like" |- | ''Play On: Celebrating the Power of Music to Make Change'' | Yeye mwenyewe/Mtangazaji mwenza | Mtangazaji mwenza mkuu |- |rowspan="2"| 2021 | ''[[Secret Celebrity Renovation]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Eve" |- | ''[[Feel Good (mfululizo wa TV)|Feel Good]]'' | Audrey | Sehemu ya: "Episode 2" |- | 2021–2022 | ''[[Queens (mfululizo wa TV wa Marekani)|Queens]]'' | Breanna "Professor Sex" | Uhusika mkuu |- | 2022 | ''Origins of Hip Hop'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Fat Joe" & "Eve" |- | 2023 | ''[[Welcome to Rap City]]'' | Yeye mwenyewe | Sehemu ya: "Building a City" |} === Michezo ya Video === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Mchezo ! Uhusika |- | 2003 | ''[[XIII (mchezo wa video wa 2003)|XIII]]'' |rowspan="2"| Major Jones (sauti) |- | 2020 | ''[[XIII (mchezo wa video wa 2020)|XIII Remake]]'' |} === Filamu za Makala (Documentary) === {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Mwaka ! Jina la Makala |- | 2002 | ''Slip N' Slide: All Star Weekend'' |- |rowspan="2"| 2008 | ''Hotel Gramercy Park'' |- | ''[[The Upsetter (filamu)|The Upsetter]]'' |- | 2009 | ''[[Good Hair]]'' |- |rowspan="2"| 2010 | ''My Mic Sounds Nice: A Truth About Women and Hip Hop'' |- | ''Music'' |- | 2011 | ''[[Gumball 3000|Gumball 3000: LDN 2 NYC]]'' |- | 2012 | ''[[Gumball 3000|Gumball 3000: Number 13]]'' |- | 2021 | ''The Real Queens of Hip Hop: The Women Who Changed the Game'' |} == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Eve (entertainer)|Eve}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130722105651/http://eve-world.com/ Kumbukumbu ya tovuti rasmi ya Eve] * {{IMDb name|id=1073992|name=Eve}} {{BD|1978}} [[Jamii:Marapa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watunzi wa muziki wa filamu wa Marekani]] e3tguytj5g6a7j1zbbkjwwbq5z425ye 0 231819 1542360 1531810 2026-05-13T22:55:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542360 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helena Neves''' alikuwa mwanaharakati wa Kireno wa chama cha kikomunisti na mtetezi wa haki za wanawake, pamoja na kuwa mpinzani wa utawala wa ''[[Estado Novo (Ureno)|Estado Novo]]'' nchini [[Ureno]], ambapo alifungwa jela mara tatu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Helena Neves|url=[https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=1234|website=Assembleia](https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=1234|website=Assembleia) da República|language=pt|access-date=2021-04-22}}</ref> Baadaye alikuja kuwa mwandishi wa habari aliyefanikiwa na alikuwa mbunge katika bunge la Ureno, [[Assembly of the Republic (Ureno)|Bunge la Jamhuri]], kati ya mwaka 2001 hadi 2002.<ref>{{cite web|title=Helena Neves no Parlamento|url=[https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx|website=Assembleia](https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx|website=Assembleia) da República|language=pt|access-date=2021-04-22}}</ref> Pia alikuwa profesa wa masuala ya jinsia na harakati za wanawake katika [[Universidade Lusófona]] mjini [[Lisbon]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Helena Neves professora|url=[https://www.ulusofona.pt/noticias/helena-neves|website=Universidade](https://www.ulusofona.pt/noticias/helena-neves|website=Universidade) Lusófona|language=pt|access-date=2021-04-22}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD| |}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] l2rmxlls61l6hupg3pz621149k9litz 0 231823 1541968 1541153 2026-05-13T14:41:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{vyanzo}} '''Alice Lawrence Oram''' (1864–1948) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari na mtafsiri kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyeishi nchini [[Ureno]]. Kama mwandishi wa habari, ndiye aliyetoa taarifa za kwanza nje ya nchi kuhusu [[Mapinduzi ya 5 Oktoba 1910]] yaliyopindua utawala wa kifalme wa [[Ureno]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1864|1948}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uingereza]] 8y1l6ecz9a8b4tnxb6iegr16ypno36f 0 231830 1542391 1531817 2026-05-14T01:19:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542391 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Inês Pedrosa''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1962) ni mwandishi wa habari, mwandishi wa riwaya, mwandishi wa hadithi fupi, mwandishi wa vitabu vya watoto na mwandishi wa tamthilia kutoka nchini [[Ureno]].<ref>{{cite web|url= [http://www.inespedrosa.com/Cv_ines_pedrosa.pdf|title=](http://www.inespedrosa.com/Cv_ines_pedrosa.pdf|title= ) CURRICULUM DE INÊS PEDROSA|accessdate= 7 Februari 2015|work= [www.inespedrosa.com|language=](http://www.inespedrosa.com|language= ) Kireno}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=ref1>{{cite web|url= [http://area.dgidc.min-edu.pt/inovbasic/cliteratura/pt/biografia-pedrosa.htm|title=](http://area.dgidc.min-edu.pt/inovbasic/cliteratura/pt/biografia-pedrosa.htm|title=) Inês Pedrosa|accessdate= 7 Februari 2015|work= area.dgidc.min-edu.pt|language= Kireno|archive-url= [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207172145/http://area.dgidc.min-edu.pt/inovbasic/cliteratura/pt/biografia-pedrosa.htm|archive-date=](https://web.archive.org/web/20150207172145/http://area.dgidc.min-edu.pt/inovbasic/cliteratura/pt/biografia-pedrosa.htm|archive-date=) 7 Februari 2015|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref name=ref2>{{cite web|url= [http://cvc.instituto-camoes.pt/clubedeleitura2/bloco1/ipedrosa.html|title=](http://cvc.instituto-camoes.pt/clubedeleitura2/bloco1/ipedrosa.html|title= ) Inês Pedrosa|accessdate= 7 Februari 2015|work= cvc.instituto-camoes.pt|publisher= [[Instituto Camões]]|language= Kireno}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa mkurugenzi wa ''[[Casa Fernando Pessoa]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= [http://www.jn.pt/PaginaInicial/Cultura/Interior.aspx?content_id=3829711|title=](http://www.jn.pt/PaginaInicial/Cultura/Interior.aspx?content_id=3829711|title=) Inês Pedrosa demite-se da Casa Fernando Pessoa|date= 25 Aprili 2014|accessdate= 7 Februari 2015|work= [www.jn.pt|language=](http://www.jn.pt|language=) Kireno}}</ref> Riwaya zake pia zimechapishwa katika nchi mbalimbali zikiwemo Brazil, Croatia, Ukraine,<ref>''Vsesvit'' Namba 3–4 (2001)</ref> [[Ujerumani|Ujerumani,]] [[Italia]] na [[Hispania|Hispania.]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] g9yldqkp145xvc4qbfcblrv6ybgxhnx 0 231864 1542397 1531828 2026-05-14T01:39:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542397 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Isabel Stilwell''' (alizaliwa 8 Mei 1960) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwandishi kutoka nchini [[Ureno]]. Tayari anajulikana nchini humo kwa kazi zake za uandishi wa habari, utangazaji, riwaya za kihistoria, vitabu vya watoto na hadithi fupi. Alipanua umaarufu wake nje ya [[Ureno]] kupitia kitabu chake ''[[Philippa of Lancaster]] – English Princess, Queen of Portugal'', ambacho kilichapishwa kwa tafsiri mwaka 2015. Tangu wakati huo, riwaya zake mbili zaidi za kihistoria zimetafsiriwa katika lugha ya Kiingereza.<ref name="Wook">{{cite web |title=Isabel Stilwell |url=[https://www.wook.pt/autor/isabel-stilwell/32814](https://www.wook.pt/autor/isabel-stilwell/32814) |website=Wook.pt |accessdate=19 Mei 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] a8e5qt3l2jkx7x9mp3he2syiuh3q8zw 0 231892 1542457 1532406 2026-05-14T04:46:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542457 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Judite Pinto Mendes de Abreu''' (1916–2007) alikuwa mmoja wa wanawake watano wa kwanza nchini [[Ureno]] kuchaguliwa kuwa meya wa manispaa. Alihudumu kama meya wa [[Coimbra]] kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1979, na baadaye kuwa rais wa baraza la manispaa la mji huo huo kati ya mwaka 1983 hadi 1986.<ref name="Coimbra">{{cite web |title=CM Coimbra atribui nome de Judite Mendes de Abreu a sala nos Paços do Concelho |url=[https://www.coimbra.pt/2022/01/cm-coimbra-atribui-nome-de-judite-mendes-de-abreu-a-sala-nos-pacos-do-concelho/](https://www.coimbra.pt/2022/01/cm-coimbra-atribui-nome-de-judite-mendes-de-abreu-a-sala-nos-pacos-do-concelho/) |website=Coimbra.pt |date=26 Januari 2022 |access-date=2 Julai 2024}}</ref> Akiwa mpinzani wa utawala wa kidikteta wa ''[[Estado Novo (Ureno)|Estado Novo]]'', aliunga mkono mgombea [[José Norton de Matos|Jenerali Norton de Matos]] katika uchaguzi wa kitaifa wa mwaka 1949, na alikuwa mwanachama wa mashirika ya wanawake na mengineyo yaliyopinga serikali.<ref name="RTP">{{cite web |title=Entrevista a Maria Judite de Abreu |url=[https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/entrevista-a-maria-judite-de-abreu/](https://arquivos.rtp.pt/conteudos/entrevista-a-maria-judite-de-abreu/) |website=RTP |access-date=2 Julai 2024}}</ref> Baada ya kuangushwa kwa utawala wa ''Estado Novo'' kupitia [[Mapinduzi ya Maua (1974)|Mapinduzi ya Maua]] mwaka 1974, alishiriki kikamilifu katika mahakama iliyohukumu makosa yaliyofanywa wakati wa utawala huo. Miongoni mwa heshima alizotunukiwa ni pamoja na [[Order of Liberty|Agizo la Uhuru la Ureno]].<ref name="Ana">{{cite web |last1=Simões |first1=Ana Luísa Gaudêncio |title=O arquivo pessoal de Maria Judite Pinto Mendes de Abreu: análise, tratamento arquivístico e difusão da informação |url=[https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/19027/1/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o%20Ana%20Sim%c3%b5es%20-%20Sim%c3%b5es.pdf](https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/19027/1/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o%20Ana%20Sim%c3%b5es%20-%20Sim%c3%b5es.pdf) |website=University of Coimbra |access-date=2 Julai 2024 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1916|2007}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] d51g20x15zf6i34h01skgpjr6jc981l 0 231917 1542668 1532264 2026-05-14T11:38:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madalena Barbosa''' (13 Machi 1942 – 21 Februari 2008) alikuwa mwanzilishi wa [[Movement for the Liberation of Women|Harakati ya Ukombozi wa Wanawake]] (''Movimento de Libertação das Mulheres''), iliyoanzishwa Aprili 1974 kwa lengo la “kupigania haki ya usawa wa fursa bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia”.<ref>{{cite web|title=Madalena Barbosa|url=[https://www.cdocfeminista.org/madalena-barbosa/|website=Centro](https://www.cdocfeminista.org/madalena-barbosa/|website=Centro) de documentação e arquivo feminista Elina Guimarães|access-date=2020-05-23|language=pt}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942|2008}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Ureno]] i7j3diok18te66rvx1dba77d70z8rml 0 231920 1542132 1533628 2026-05-13T18:45:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francine Benoît''' (1894–1990) alikuwa mwanamuziki, mwalimu, mtunzi wa muziki, kondakta na mkosoaji wa muziki.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.mic.pt/dispatcher?where=0&what=2&show=0&pessoa_id=203|title=Francine](https://www.mic.pt/dispatcher?where=0&what=2&show=0&pessoa_id=203|title=Francine) Benoît|publisher=Music Information Centre Portugal|access-date=2026-05-06}}</ref> Alishiriki kikamilifu katika mashirika ya kifeministi nchini [[Ureno]] na alikuwa mpinzani wa utawala wa kidikteta wa ''[[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Estado Novo]]'', uliotawala kati ya mwaka 1933 hadi 1974.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.publico.pt/2014/01/01/culturaipsilon/noticia/francine-benoit-1628055|title=Francine](https://www.publico.pt/2014/01/01/culturaipsilon/noticia/francine-benoit-1628055|title=Francine) Benoît: uma vida dedicada à música e à intervenção cívica|publisher=Público|access-date=2026-05-06}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alizaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa,]] lakini aliishi sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake nchini Ureno na alipata uraia wa Ureno mwaka 1929.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.infopedia.pt/$francine-benoit|title=Francine](https://www.infopedia.pt/$francine-benoit|title=Francine) Benoît|publisher=Infopédia|access-date=2026-05-06}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki-Ulaya}} {{BD|1894|1990}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] lw9nw5e11dmtkq2r3agr5nden2udpn7 0 231935 1542658 1532717 2026-05-14T11:15:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lutegarda Guimarães de Caires''', pia hujulikana kama '''Lutgarda''' au '''Luthegarda''' (1858–1935), alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake na mshairi kutoka [[Ureno]]. Anakumbukwa kwa kuanzisha utamaduni wa [[Kireno]] wa kuwapelekea zawadi za nguo kwa watoto waliolazwa hospitalini, vinyago na pipi wakati wa Krismasi. Pia alipigania kwa mafanikio kuboreshwa kwa hali za wafungwa wanawake. Mbali na mashairi yake yaliyopata tuzo, Lutgarda de Caires alichapisha makala katika vyombo vya habari akihimiza kuwepo kwa [[Usawa wa fursa|usawa wa fursa]] kwa wanawake na kuboreshwa kwa haki zao za kumiliki mali.<ref name="leme">{{cite web|url=[https://www.leme.pt/biografias/l/lutgarda.html|title=Lutgarda](https://www.leme.pt/biografias/l/lutgarda.html|title=Lutgarda) de Caires (1873-1935)|author=Palva Boléo, Maria Luisa|publisher=O Leme|date=14 Desemba 2004|access-date=1 Aprili 2019|language=Kireno}}</ref><ref name="elos">{{cite web|url=[https://elosclubetavira.blogs.sapo.pt/71855.html|title=Poetas](https://elosclubetavira.blogs.sapo.pt/71855.html|title=Poetas) Algarvios - 17: Luthegarda de Caires|author=Melo e Horta, Luis|publisher=Elos Clube de Tavira|date=3 Novemba 2010|access-date=1 Aprili 2019|language=Kireno}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1858|1935}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Washairi wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ureno]] 8o6iqv7wdwa76ut00npob30jv7n8xbz 0 231971 1542643 1533734 2026-05-14T10:57:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542643 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucy J. Brown''' (5 Septemba 1933 – 9 Februari 2025) alikuwa mwanaharakati Mmarekani wa haki za kijamii na mtumishi wa umma. Alikuwa mwanzilishi mwenza wa Ithaca Neighborhood Housing Services huko Ithaca, New York. Brown pia aliwahi kuhudumu katika Bodi ya Ithaca City School District na Bodi ya Ithaca ya Huduma za Umma (Board of Public Works). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Brown alizaliwa katika Mtaa wa Albany huko Ithaca.<ref name= democrats>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://tcdemocrats.org/looking-back-2/|title=Looking Back|date=August 1, 2024}}</ref><ref name= tompkins>{{cite web|url=https://www.tompkinscountyny.gov/files2/cofa/Newsletters/documents/SeniorCircleAugust11.pdf|title=Senior Circle - Vol. 15 No. 3 - August 2011}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alisoma katika Central Elementary School, Boynton Junior High School, na Ithaca High School.<ref name= tompkins/> == Kazi == Baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari, Brown alifanya kazi katika Cornell University katika Idara ya Elimu.<ref name= tompkins/> Baadaye alifanya kazi katika Martha Van Rensselaer Hall ya Cornell na pia kwa mkuu wa New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University.<ref name= tompkins/> Alifanya kazi ya uanaharakati katika masuala ya haki za kijamii, usawa katika elimu, na makazi ya bei nafuu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.fingerlakesdailynews.com/local/yates-schuyler-steuben-tompkins/two-sculptures-honoring-women-to-be-unveiled-in-ithaca-saturday|title=Two Sculptures Honoring Women To Be Unveiled in Ithaca Saturday|date=August 16, 2024|website=Finger Lakes Daily News}}</ref> Mwaka 1976, alishiriki kuanzisha Ithaca Neighborhood Housing Services, shirika lisilo la faida linalolenga makazi ya bei nafuu katika maeneo ya Finger Lakes na Southern Tier ya New York.<ref> Akiwa mjumbe wa bodi ya shirika hilo, Brown alitetea wakazi wa eneo la Southside mjini Ithaca.<ref ><ref> Pia alikuwa mshiriki hai katika Harakati za haki za kiraia na alikuwepo wakati wa uchukuaji wa jengo la Willard Straight Hall mwaka 1969.<ref name= tompkins/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2025}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] icnj1ullio34ge68vus284p05am1zbt 0 232102 1542230 1533912 2026-05-13T20:07:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georges Akieremy Owondo''' (alizaliwa 15 Septemba 1983 nchini Gabon) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[soka]] wa [[Gabon]] aliyekuwa mshambuliaji. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Alikuwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya soka ya Gabon. Alifunga bao dhidi ya [[Madagascar]] katika mchezo wa kufuzu kwa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika uliochezwa tarehe 17 Juni 2007.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=ESPNsoccernet - Global - Gabon win to maintain faint Nations Cup hopes|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/print?id=439341&type=story&cc=%251|work=soccernet.espn.go.com|accessdate=2026-05-06|archive-date=2011-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604103053/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/print?id=439341&type=story&cc=%251|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Gabon]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za wachezaji mpira]] llq9c7hgzi27k21z3194auz8wni62ej 0 232165 1542546 1533969 2026-05-14T07:42:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 4 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kina Collins'''<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://docquery.fec.gov/pdf/480/202105319447492480/202105319447492480.pdf|title=FEC](https://docquery.fec.gov/pdf/480/202105319447492480/202105319447492480.pdf|title=FEC) Form 2: Statement of Candidacy|date=May 31, 2021|access-date=October 14, 2021|website=[[Federal Election Commission]]}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ni mwanaharakati na mratibu wa jamii kutoka Marekani, ambaye kazi yake imejikita katika masuala ya udhibiti wa silaha, marekebisho ya mfumo wa haki jinai, na huduma ya afya kwa wote.<ref name="imdb">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm10791756/bio|title=Kina](http://www.imdb.com/name/nm10791756/bio|title=Kina) Collins|website=IMDb|access-date=July 3, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://politi.co/2vUTReK|title=LIGHTFOOT's](https://politi.co/2vUTReK|title=LIGHTFOOT's) Council challenge — TRUDEAU hits Chicago — Activist will face DANNY DAVIS|last1=Kapos|first1=Shia|last2=Hurst|first2=Adrienne|website=POLITICO|date=May 13, 2019 |language=en|access-date=June 19, 2019}}</ref> Collins amewahi kugombea katika kura za mchujo za chama cha Democratic kwa kiti cha Baraza la Wawakilishi la Marekani katika Jimbo bunge la 7 la Illinois, akishiriki pia katika uchaguzi wa 2020 na 2022, ambapo alipata asilimia 13.8 na 45.6 ya kura mtawalia.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://ballotpedia.org/Kina_Collins|title=Kina](https://ballotpedia.org/Kina_Collins|title=Kina) Collins|website=Ballotpedia|language=en|access-date=June 19, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://kinaforcongress.com/meet-kina-1|title=Meet](https://kinaforcongress.com/meet-kina-1|title=Meet) Kina|website=Kina Collins for Congress|language=en-US|access-date=June 19, 2019}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Marans|first=Daniel|date=June 1, 2021|title=Progressive Activist Kina Collins Announces Primary Against Rep. Danny Davis|url=[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kina-collins-progressive-primary-challenge-danny-davis_n_60b56cc3e4b06da8bd7a2b4d|access-date=June](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kina-collins-progressive-primary-challenge-danny-davis_n_60b56cc3e4b06da8bd7a2b4d|access-date=June) 1, 2021|website=HuffPost|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Krieg|first=Gregory|date=June 1, 2021|title=Anti-gun-violence activist Kina Collins announces primary challenge to Illinois Democrat Danny Davis|url=[https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/01/politics/kina-collins-democratic-primary-danny-davis-illinois-justice-democrats/index.html|access-date=June](https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/01/politics/kina-collins-democratic-primary-danny-davis-illinois-justice-democrats/index.html|access-date=June) 1, 2021|website=CNN}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Kapos |first=Shia |date=2023-07-10 |title=Hazing scandal's ripple effect |url=[https://www.politico.com/newsletters/illinois-playbook/2023/07/10/hazing-scandals-ripple-effect-00105387](https://www.politico.com/newsletters/illinois-playbook/2023/07/10/hazing-scandals-ripple-effect-00105387) |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=POLITICO |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Collins alizaliwa na kukulia katika kitongoji cha Austin kilichopo upande wa magharibi wa [[Chicago]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Alisoma katika mfumo wa Chicago Public Schools ambapo pia alihudumu kama Mjumbe wa Programu ya Summer of Service Learning.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://chicagonow.org/2018/09/28/meet-our-2018-woman-who-dared-kina-collins/|title=Meet](http://chicagonow.org/2018/09/28/meet-our-2018-woman-who-dared-kina-collins/|title=Meet) our 2018 Woman Who Dared: Kina Collins|last=Chicago NOW|date=September 28, 2018|language=en-US|access-date=June 19, 2019}}</ref> Alisoma katika Carthage College na Louisiana State University, ambapo alisoma uchumi wa kisiasa wa kimataifa na sosholojia.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.linkedin.com/in/kina-collins-9a1103110/|title=Kina](https://www.linkedin.com/in/kina-collins-9a1103110/|title=Kina) Collins {{!}} LinkedIn|last=Collins|first=Kina|website=LinkedIn|access-date=June 19, 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] nxzqdq582cdwn8nx6ovw32y5jt8lan8 0 232174 1542484 1536160 2026-05-14T05:44:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542484 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karilyn Crockett''' (amezaliwa Juni 1973) ni mwanahistoria wa Marekani, mwalimu, na mratibu wa jamii anayejikita katika masuala ya maendeleo ya miji, usawa wa kijamii na rangi, pamoja na kumbukumbu za jamii. Akiwa na makazi yake mjini [[Boston]], Massachusetts, Crockett amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuunda sera za miji na ushirikishwaji wa wananchi kupitia kazi zake za kitaaluma na nafasi alizoshika katika serikali ya jiji. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kitabu chake ''People Before Highways: Boston Activists, Urban Planners and a New Movement for City Making,'' kinachochambua upinzani wa wananchi wa Boston dhidi ya ujenzi wa barabara kuu katika miaka ya 1960, pamoja na kuongoza mpango wa Hacking the Archive, ambao ni mradi wa ushirikishwaji wa jamii unaotumia nyaraka na kumbukumbu za kihistoria kuunda hatua za usawa wa kijamii. Mwaka 2024, alitajwa miongoni mwa watu 150 wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi Boston na Boston Magazine.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2024-04-22 |title=The 150 Most Influential Bostonians in 2024 |url=[https://www.bostonmagazine.com/boston-power-list-2024/](https://www.bostonmagazine.com/boston-power-list-2024/) |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=Boston Magazine}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Crockett alizaliwa mwezi Juni 1973 na kulelewa katika eneo la Dorchester mjini Boston, Massachusetts. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya msingi na sekondari, alipata Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sanaa katika Anthropolojia ya Utamaduni kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Yale]] mwaka 1995. Aliendelea na masomo yake nje ya nchi, ambapo alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi katika Jiografia kutoka [[London School of Economics]]. Baadaye alirejea Yale, ambapo alipata Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa katika Dini na Maadili kutoka Yale Divinity School, na baadaye akahitimu Shahada ya Uzamivu (Ph.D.) katika Masomo ya Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=In the news: Karilyn Crockett – The Bay State Banner |url=[https://baystatebanner.com/2018/08/03/in-the-news-karilyn-crockett/](https://baystatebanner.com/2018/08/03/in-the-news-karilyn-crockett/) |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=baystatebanner.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] bblehyktpjo0aps01qeiru9r1tnq3u7 0 232193 1542675 1533987 2026-05-14T11:50:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Eliza Eberhardt''' ( '''Graves'''; 31 Agosti 1915 – 11 Machi 2007) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi (union activist) nchini [[Marekani]] katika jimbo la New Jersey, aliyechangia harakati za wafanyakazi katika karne ya 20.<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project">{{cite web |title=Black Women Oral History Project Interviews, 1976–1981: Biographies |url=[https://guides.library.harvard.edu/schlesinger_bwohp/biographies](https://guides.library.harvard.edu/schlesinger_bwohp/biographies) |website=Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America research Guides |accessdate=14 Mei 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Labor History book">{{cite book |last1=Sheridan |first1=Clare M. |title=Labor History Archives in the United States: A Guide for Researching and Teaching |date=1992 |publisher=Wayne State University Press |isbn=0814323898 |page=24 |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=gXivGzy9IJYC&dq=mae+eberhardt+union+activist&pg=PA24](https://books.google.com/books?id=gXivGzy9IJYC&dq=mae+eberhardt+union+activist&pg=PA24) |accessdate=14 Mei 2020}}</ref> == Wasifu == Mary Eliza Graves alizaliwa katika [[Richmond, Virginia]] tarehe 31 Agosti 1915, kwa wazazi Randolph na Ida Kenny Graves. Alihamia [[New Jersey]] baada ya ndoa yake ya kwanza.<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project"/> Baada ya ndoa hiyo kuvunjika, alianza kufanya kazi katika kampuni ya Orange and Domestic Laundry, jambo lililomuingiza katika shughuli za uanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi kupitia Local 284 ya American Federation of Labor (AFL).<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project"/> Baadaye alifanya kazi katika sekta ya vifaa vya elektroniki katika Kuthe Laboratories huko [[Newark, New Jersey]], ambako alijihusisha kikamilifu na International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers (IUE).<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project"/> Mwaka 1963, alijiunga rasmi na IUE kama mkurugenzi wa haki za kiraia wa Wilaya ya 3, inayojumuisha New Jersey na New York.<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project"/><ref name="Labor History book"/><ref name="Yale book">{{cite book |last1=Hartmann |first1=Susan M. |title=The Other Feminists: Activists in the Liberal Establishment |date=1999 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0-300-07464-6 |url=[http://www.dmmserver.com/DialABook/978/030/007/9780300074642.html](http://www.dmmserver.com/DialABook/978/030/007/9780300074642.html) |accessdate=14 Mei 2020}}</ref> Eberhardt alikua mwanamke Mweusi wa kwanza kuchaguliwa kuwa afisa katika shirika la wafanyakazi la ngazi ya jimbo, alipoteuliwa kuwa makamu mwenyekiti mtendaji wa New Jersey Industrial Union Council.<ref name="Black Women Oral History Project"/><ref name="Labor History book"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1915|2007}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] kuemkaik2s11l2defoq43swdo7lxtbi 0 232602 1542444 1538400 2026-05-14T04:07:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542444 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John William Woolf''' ([[27 Novemba]] [[1869]] – [[22 Februari]] [[1950]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa asili ya [[Marekani]] aliyehudumu katika Bunge la Northwest Territories na baadaye katika Bunge la Mkoa wa Alberta. Alizaliwa katika Utah katika familia iliyokuwa na ndoa za mitala (polygamous), na akiwa kijana alihamia na familia yake hadi Cardston katika eneo ambalo sasa ni sehemu ya Alberta. Huko alijijengea umaarufu kama mfugaji wa ranchi. Alichaguliwa katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 1902 wa Bunge la Northwest Territories, na baada ya kuanzishwa kwa jimbo la Alberta mwaka 1905, alichaguliwa tena katika uchaguzi wa kwanza wa mkoa huo. Mwaka 1912 alijiuzulu na kurudi Marekani kutokana na hofu ya kufuatiliwa chini ya sheria za kupinga mitala nchini Canada, kwani inasemekana alikuwa ameoa mke wa pili. Baadaye alirejea Utah ambako alijihusisha na miradi mbalimbali ya biashara pamoja na mwanawe.<ref name="son">{{cite web|url=http://abish.byui.edu/specialCollections/manuscripts/Collections/CollMss43/PDFs/woolf_john_william_1869_1950.pdf|title=Oral recollections of William Layne Woolf|accessdate=October 26, 2009|archive-date=2010-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625064558/http://abish.byui.edu/specialCollections/manuscripts/Collections/CollMss43/PDFs/woolf_john_william_1869_1950.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist|2}}{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1950]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] me1rc04hvfh4xjwsh1a7wk8otknzb2c 0 232661 1542445 1538408 2026-05-14T04:10:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542445 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Wilson''' (alizaliwa [[1944]]) ni mfugaji wa ng’ombe, daktari wa mifugo, na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa Kanada. Alihudumu kama mbunge wa BC Liberal Party katika Bunge la Mkoa wa British Columbia kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi alipostaafu katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2005, akiuwakilisha jimbo la uchaguzi la Cariboo North. Mwaka 2010 alionekana katika sehemu ya mwisho ya msimu wa kwanza wa Dan for Mayor, akiwa mwakilishi wa Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu. Wilson alisoma katika Ontario Veterinary College ndani ya University of Guelph. Baada ya kuhitimu mwaka 1967, alihamia Quesnel ambapo alianzisha Quesnel Veterinary Clinic. Pia aliwahi kuwa rais wa Quesnel Cattlemen's Association.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Legislative Assembly of British Columbia|url=http://www.leg.bc.ca/MLA/37thparl/wilson.htm|title=Dr. John Wilson|accessdate=March 7, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Kanada]] 20zobklsydmjxx5h0dp6p7ali2pllcv 0 232665 1542460 1538141 2026-05-14T04:51:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542460 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Judith Guichon''' (aliyezaliwa mwaka [[1947]]) ni mfugaji wa ranchi na mratibu kutoka [[Kanada|Canada]]. Alihudumu kama Luteni Gavana wa 29 wa British Columbia kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi 2018. Katika nafasi hiyo alikuwa mwakilishi wa kifalme wa Queen Elizabeth II katika jimbo hilo. Aliteuliwa na David Johnston kwa ushauri wa Waziri Mkuu wa wakati huo, Stephen Harper.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://reg.gg.ca/heraldry/pub-reg/project.asp?lang=e&ProjectID=2478&ShowAll=1|title=Guichon, Judith Isabel [Individual]|first=The Office of the Secretary to the Governor|last=General|website=reg.gg.ca|access-date=April 23, 2018}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist|30em}}{{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] fsx2zb4beairs5w2oy7yyrua3pa3gpo 0 232997 1542491 1538991 2026-05-14T06:10:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542491 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kay Mellor OBE''' (jina la kuzaliwa: Daniel; [[11 Mei]] [[1951]] – [[15 Mei]] [[2022]]) alikuwa mwigizaji, [[mwandishi]] wa skrini, mtayarishaji na mkurugenzi kutoka Uingereza. Alijulikana kwa kuunda vipindi vya televisheni kama vile Band of Gold (ITV, 1995–97), Fat Friends (ITV, 2000–05), na The Syndicate (BBC, 2012–21). Pia alishirikiana kuunda tamthilia za watoto za CITV, zikiwemo Children's Ward (1989–2000) na Just Us (1992–94).<ref name="rhlstp">{{cite web|url=https://player.fm/series/richard-herrings-leicester-square-theatre-podcast|title=RHLSTP Special – Kay Mellor|website=player.fm|date=11 July 2019|access-date=14 July 2019}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] [[Jamii:waandishi wa Uingereza]] b5d4zeltoma52hkr5d9rfs36x8ibh3z 0 233275 1542037 1539540 2026-05-13T15:40:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elizabeth Aipira''' alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Kilimo, Umwagiliaji na Usalama wa [[Chakula]] wa Malawi. Alikuwa madarakani kuanzia tarehe 23 Februari 2005 hadi 14 Juni 2013 chini ya rais Bingu wa Mutharika. Alichaguliwa kushika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2005, na muhula wake ulianza rasmi tarehe 20 Februari 2005.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-10|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-10|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Elizabeth Aipira ni mwanasiasa na mwalimu kutoka [[Malawi]], na alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Progressive Party. == Urithi == Kitabu kinachoitwa Elizabeth Aipira: a life of service to the nation kilichapishwa mwaka 2009. Kitabu hicho kiliandikwa na O. Aipira. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] arh4tnbt9cbjfsz5zbwvr9lq5chnwh0 0 233321 1542496 1539620 2026-05-14T06:19:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Keith Sweat | picha = LTG Vereen Hosts R&B singer Keith Sweat (1) (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Sweat mnamo mwaka 2023 | background = solo_singer | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|7|22}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[New York City]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = * [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] * [[new jack swing]] * [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] * [[Soul music|soul]] * [[Urban contemporary|urban]] | kazi yake = * [[Diskografia ya Keith Sweat|Mwimbaji]] * mwandishi wa nyimbo * [[Keith Sweat discography#Production discography|mtayarishaji wa muziki]] | miaka ya kazi = 1975–sasa | studio = * KEIA * Stadium * Vintertainment * [[Elektra Records|Elektra]] * [[Atco Records|Atco]] * [[Rhino Records|Rhino]] * [[Kedar Records|Kedar]] * [[Entertainment One Music|E1]] * [[RED Distribution|RED]] * [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony]] | ameshirikiana na = [[LSG (band)|LSG]] }} '''Keith Sweat''' (amezaliwa Julai 22, 1961) ni [[mwimbaji]], [[mtayarishaji]], na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Akiwa mmoja wa waasisi wa mtindo wa muziki wa [[new jack swing]], anajulikana kwa rundo la nyimbo zake kali zilizovuma ikiwemo "[[I Want Her]]," "[[Make It Last Forever (song)|Make It Last Forever]]," "[[I'll Give All My Love to You (song)|I'll Give All My Love to You]]," "[[Make You Sweat]]," "[[Get Up on It (song)|Get Up on It]]," "[[Twisted (wimbo wa Keith Sweat)|Twisted]]," na "[[Nobody (wimbo wa Keith Sweat)|Nobody]]." Ametoa jumla ya albamu 13 za kujitegemea — mbili zikiwa kama sehemu ya kundi la mastaa wa R&B [[LSG (bendi)|LSG]] — na alianzisha makundi ya [[Silk (group)|Silk]] na [[Kut Klose]]. Inasemekana kuwa muziki wa Sweat uliathiriwa na kiongozi wa bendi ya [[Slave (band)|Slave]], bwana [[Steve Arrington]], pamoja na muziki wa [[Go-go]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Johnson |first=Connie |date=1988-03-20 |title=Keith Sweat: From Stock Market to Pop Market |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-03-20-ca-2405-story.html |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Keith Sweat alizaliwa mtaa wa [[Harlem]], jijini New York, kwa mama yake Juanita Thompson, ambaye alikuwa msusi, na baba yake Charles Sweat, aliyekuwa mfanyakazi wa kiwandani.<ref name="Contemporary Black">{{cite book|last=Eggert|first=Mike|chapter=Keith Sweat|title=Contemporary Black Biography: Profiles from the International Black Community|place=Detroit|publisher=Gale|year=1999|volume=19|editor-last=Phelps|editor-first=Shirelle|url=https://archive.org/details/contemporaryblac0019unse|pages=205-207|url-access=limited|access-date=July 8, 2025|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|206}}<ref name="allmusic">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/keith-sweat-mn0000767016#biography|title=Keith Sweat Biography|last=Ruhlmann|first=William|publisher=allmusic|access-date=July 8, 2025}}</ref> Baada ya kifo cha Charles Sweat mnamo 1973, Juanita aliwalea watoto wao watano peke yake.<ref name="People 1988">{{cite magazine |url=http://people.com/archive/keith-sweat-takes-stock-of-his-talent-and-puts-wall-street-behind-him-vol-30-no-13/ |title=Keith Sweat Takes Stock of His Talent and Puts Wall Street Behind Him |last1=Dougherty |first1=Steve |last2=Little |first2=Benilde |magazine=People Weekly |date=September 26, 1988 |page=115 |volume=30 |number=13 }}</ref> Katika ujana wake, Sweat alitumbuiza kwenye ukumbi maarufu wa [[Apollo Theater]], uliokuwa karibu na nyumbani kwao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=December 4, 2011 |title=Harlem-born R&B singer and radio host Keith Sweat releases new album |url=https://welcometoharlem.com/harlem-born-rb-singer-and-radio-host-keith-sweat-releases-new-album/ |access-date=October 15, 2024 |website=Welcome to Harlem |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kabla ya kutoa albamu yake ya kwanza, Sweat alifanya kazi ya kupanga bidhaa usiku kwenye duka la [[Macy's]], na baadaye akawa karani wa chumba cha barua kwenye kampuni ya udalali ya [[Paine Webber]]. Pamoja na kazi hizo, alipata shahada ya mawasiliano kutoka Chuo cha [[City College of New York]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Keith Sweat |url=https://www.wlatalent.com/keith-sweat |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=WLA Talent Agency |language=en-US}}</ref> “Nadhani kila mtu anapaswa kuwa na mpango mbadala. Kwa upande wangu, nilienda City College ya New York na kupata shahada yangu ya mawasiliano. Hivyo nilikuwa na 'mpango badala' ili nisipoteze fursa ya kuwa na maisha mazuri ya baadaye,” Sweat aliwahi kusema.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2012-08-13 |title=Keith Sweat shares thoughts on success |url=https://www.phillytrib.com/entertainment/keith-sweat-shares-thoughts-on-success/article_c072abb7-4dac-5c7c-8056-939c4b75ef8b.html |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=The Philadelphia Tribune |language=en}}</ref> Ndani ya miaka minne tu, alipanda vyeo na kufikia nafasi yenye mshahara mnono kama msaidizi wa udalali kwenye soko la hisa la New York ([[New York Stock Exchange]]).<ref name="People 1997">{{citation|url=http://people.com/archive/for-love-and-money-vol-47-no-3/|title=For love and money|work=People Weekly|date=January 27, 1997|page=69|volume=47|number=3|author=Dougherty, Steve}}</ref> Sweat pia alifanya kazi kama msimamizi katika soko la biashara la New York Mercantile Exchange.<ref name="People 1988" /> == Kazi ya muziki == === 1975–1984: Mwanzo wa kazi na Jamilah === Sweat alianza safari yake ya muziki kama mwanachama wa bendi ya Harlem iitwayo Jamilah mnamo mwaka 1975.<ref name="about">{{cite web|url=http://keithsweat.com/about/|title=About|work=KeithSweat.com|access-date=February 27, 2017|archive-date=February 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220024400/http://keithsweat.com/about/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kupitia Jamilah, Sweat aliweza kukuza uwezo wake kama mwimbaji kiongozi kwa kutumbuiza katika maeneo ya New York, New Jersey, na Connecticut. Bendi hiyo ilianzishwa na mpiga besi Larry Peoples, mpiga gitaa Michael Samuels, na mpiga ngoma Walter Bradley.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Keith Sweat |url=https://iflyer.tv/en/artist/53983/about/ |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=iFLYER}}</ref> Baada ya kuondoka kwenye kundi hilo mwaka 1984 ili kuanza kazi ya peke yake, Sweat aliimba kwenye klabu za usiku mjini New York na kupata nafasi ya kurekodi na lebo huru ya Stadium Records. Alirekodi nyimbo mbili pekee akiwa Stadium, "Lucky Seven" na "My Mind Is Made Up." Hata hivyo, kwenye toleo la kwanza la Stadium, amewekwa kama mwandishi na mtayarishaji mshiriki wa wimbo "You Are the One for Me," ambao ulikuwa rekodi ya mwisho kufanywa na kundi la [[GQ (band)|GQ]]. Mmoja wa wanachama waanzilishi wa GQ ni mjomba wake, Keith "Sabu" Crier.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music-arts/keith-sabu-crier-bass-player-disco-group-gq-dead-58-article-1.1473158|title= Keith 'Sabu' Crier, bass player for disco group GQ, dead at 58|author= David Hinckley |newspaper= [[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |date = October 1, 2013}}</ref> === 1992–2001: Get Up on It, Keith Sweat/LSG === Mwaka 1992, Sweat alianzisha kundi la [[Silk (group)|Silk]], na kusaidia kutengeneza albamu yao ya kwanza, ''[[Lose Control (albamu)|Lose Control]]'', ambayo ilishika namba 7 kwenye chati za albamu za ''Billboard'' 200.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/silk/chart-history/tlp/|title=Silk Chart History > Billboard 200|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref> Wimbo wa kundi hilo "[[Freak Me]]" ulishika namba 1 kwenye chati za [[Billboard Hot 100]] mnamo Mei 1, 1993. Mwaka 1993, Sweat alianzisha kundi la kike la R&B la mjini Atlanta linaloitwa [[Kut Klose]]. Alitayarisha albamu yao ya kwanza ''Surrender'', iliyotoa wimbo wao maarufu "[[I Like (Kut Klose song)|I Like]]", ulioshika namba 8 kwenye chati za R&B/Hip-Hop. Mwishoni mwa mwaka 1994, Sweat alionekana kwenye kundi la [[Black Men United]] (BMU) akiungana na Silk, [[Gerald Levert]], [[Al B. Sure!]], [[Brian McKnight]], [[El DeBarge]] na wengine kwa ajili ya wimbo "U Will Know". Sweat alitoa albamu yake ya nne ''[[Get Up on It]]'' msimu wa joto wa 1994, na albamu yake ya tano yenye jina lake mwenyewe mnamo 1996. Zote mbili ziliingia kumi bora za Billboard 200. Wimbo wa "[[Twisted (wimbo wa Keith Sweat)|Twisted]]" akimshirikisha Kut Klose ulishika namba 2 kwenye Billboard Hot 100 na "[[Nobody (wimbo wa Keith Sweat)|Nobody]]" ukashika namba 3, ambazo zikawa rekodi zake zilizofanya vizuri zaidi hadi leo. Alitayarisha pia kundi la R&B la [[Dru Hill]] mwaka 1996. Mnamo 1997, alianzisha kundi la [[Ol' Skool]] na kusaidia kwenye albamu yao. Sweat pia aliunda kundi la mastaa la [[LSG (band)|LSG]] akishirikiana na [[Gerald Levert]] na [[Johnny Gill]], na kutoa albamu ya ''[[Levert.Sweat.Gill]]'' mwezi Novemba mwaka huo. Albamu hiyo ilijumuisha wimbo "[[My Body (LSG song)|My Body]]", uliokuwa kishindo kikubwa. Albamu yake ya sita, ''[[Still in the Game]]'', ilitoka mwaka 1998 ikishika namba 6 kwenye Billboard 200. Ilikuwa na nyimbo kama "Come and Get With Me" (akimshirikisha [[Snoop Dogg]]). Mafanikio yake kwenye chati yalianza kupungua mwaka 2000 alipotoa albamu ya ''[[Didn't See Me Coming]]''. == Maisha binafsi == Kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2002, Sweat alikuwa amemuoa nyota wa kipindi cha ''[[The Real Housewives of Atlanta]]'', [[Lisa Wu|Lisa Wu Hartwell]]. Alizaa naye watoto wawili wa kiume, waliozaliwa mwaka 1995 na 1998.<ref name="findarticles.com" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://photos.essence.com/galleries/real_housewives_of_atlanta_lisa#49001|title=Real Housewives of Atlanta: Ed and Lisa Wu Hartwell|work=Essence|access-date=March 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222065618/http://photos.essence.com/galleries/real_housewives_of_atlanta_lisa#49001|archive-date=December 22, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia ana mabinti watatu, mmoja akizaa na Tracy J. Pia ana mtoto wa kiume anayeitwa Joshua.<ref name="findarticles.com">{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_22_113/ai_n27496996 |title=CBSi |via=Find Articles |access-date=June 26, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614235738/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_22_113/ai_n27496996/ |archive-date=June 14, 2012 }}</ref> == Diskografia == {{Main|Diskografia ya Keith Sweat}} ;Albamu za studio * ''[[Make It Last Forever (album)|Make It Last Forever]]'' (1987) * ''[[I'll Give All My Love to You]]'' (1990) * ''[[Keep It Comin']]'' (1991) * ''[[Get Up on It]]'' (1994) * ''[[Keith Sweat (album)|Keith Sweat]]'' (1996) * ''[[Still in the Game]]'' (1998) * ''[[Didn't See Me Coming]]'' (2000) * ''[[Rebirth (Keith Sweat album)|Rebirth]]'' (2002) * ''[[A Christmas of Love]]'' (2007) * ''[[Just Me (Keith Sweat album)|Just Me]]'' (2008) * ''[[Ridin' Solo (album)|Ridin' Solo]]'' (2010) * ''[[Til the Morning]]'' (2011) * ''[[Dress to Impress (album)|Dress to Impress]]'' (2016) * ''[[Playing for Keeps (Keith Sweat album)|Playing for Keeps]]'' (2018) ;Albamu za ushirikiano * ''[[Levert.Sweat.Gill]]'' (1997) * ''[[LSG2]]'' (2003) == Filamu == === Filamu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin–right: 0;" |- ! Mwaka !! Jina !! Uhusika !! Maelezo |- | 1991 || ''[[New Jack City]]'' || Mwimbaji harusini || |- | 2000 || ''Rhapsody'' || Will || Filamu ya TV |- | 2006 || ''Forbidden Fruits'' || Terrence || Video |- | 2009 || ''[[Pastor Brown]]'' || Nasim || |- | 2018 || ''Love Magical'' || Delonte Skywalker || |- | 2021 || ''[[For the Love of Money (2021 film)|For the Love of Money]]'' || Chris || |- | 2023 || ''You're Not Alone'' || Johnson || |} === Televisheni === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin–right: 0;" |- ! Mwaka !! Jina !! Uhusika !! Maelezo |- | 1988 || ''[[Showtime at the Apollo]]'' || Mwenyewe/Mgeni || Sehemu: "Episode #2.10" |- | 1994 || ''[[New York Undercover]]'' || Mwenyewe || Sehemu: "Mate" |- | 1997 || ''[[Martin (TV series)|Martin]]'' || Det. Carl Johnson || Sehemu: "Stake-Out" |- | 1997 || ''[[The Wayans Bros.]]'' || Mwenyewe || Mgeni: Misimu 3-4 |- | 2011 || ''[[The Game (2006 TV series)|The Game]]'' || Mwenyewe || Sehemu: "Death Becomes Her" |- | 2017 || ''[[Hell's Kitchen (American TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]'' || Mwenyewe || Sehemu: "Raising the Bar" |} == Tuzo na teuzi == * [[American Music Awards]] ** 1991: Favorite R&B/Soul Male Artist (alipendekezwa) ** 1997: Favorite Male R&B/Soul Artist ('''Mshindi''') ** 1997: Favorite R&B/Soul Album (''Keith Sweat'') (alipendekezwa) ** 1998: Favorite Male R&B/Soul Artist (alipendekezwa) ** 2013: ''Soul Train'' Lifetime Achievement Award == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{official website|http://keithsweat.com/}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020607040109/http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/sweat_keith/artist.jhtml Keith Sweat] kwenye VH1.com * [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p5573|pure_url=yes}} Keith Sweat] kwenye [[AllMusic]] * {{IMDb name|0842038}} {{Keith Sweat}} {{Silk}} {{BD|1961}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sweat, Keith}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] p5xa305lrdll38qlofwl3lrfjzmpkrp 0 233438 1542365 1539687 2026-05-13T23:07:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542365 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Alexander Swieca''' (alizaliwa [[1957]]) ni mwanzilishi mwenza na afisa mkuu wa kampuni ya uwekezaji ya ''Highbridge Capital Management'' na mwanzilishi wa ''Talpion Fund Management''.<ref name="NewYorkTimes2009June11">{{cite news|title=JPMorgan to Acquire Rest of Highbridge Capital|url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2009/06/11/jpmorgan-to-buy-out-highbridge-capital/|accessdate=29 August 2019|agency=The New York Times Company|issue=DealBook|work=New York Times|date=11 June 2009|location=New York, N.Y., United States|language=English }}</ref> Mtaalamu wa muda mrefu wa Wall Street, Swieca alianzisha Highbridge Capital Management mwaka [[1992]] pamoja na rafiki wa utotoni [[Glenn Dubin]].Wawili hao waliuza sehemu ya biashara kwa [[JP Morgan Chase]] mwaka 2004 na iliyobaki mwaka 2009. Baada ya mauzo hayo, Swieca alifungua Talpion Fund, inayosimamia utajiri wake mwenyewe.Kufikia Machi [[2026]], Forbes ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola za [[Marekani]] bilioni 2.6<ref name="henry">{{cite web |title=Henry Alexander Swieca |url=https://wxtest.wealthx.com/billionaires/henry-alexander-swieca/ |publisher=Wealthx.com }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3m20oz1tpp4jcx45usm7s5svn1j34mt 0 233471 1542058 1540205 2026-05-13T17:12:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Eva Cox|jina la kuzaliwa=Eva Maria Hauser|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=21 February 1938|kazi yake=Mtafiti na Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake|elimu=Chuo kikuu cha South Wales|wazazi=Richard Hauser na Ruth Hauser|chama=Labor (mpaka miaka ya 1980)|anajulikana kwa ajili ya=Mwanachama mwanzilishi wa Women's Electoral Lobby (WEL)|uraia=Australia}} '''Eva Maria Cox''' (alizaliwa 21 Februari 1938) ni mwandishi, [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake]], mwanasosholojia, mtoa maoni wa kijamii na mwanaharakati wa Australia aliyezaliwa Austria.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eva Cox - Hire Keynote and Guest Speaker|url=https://www.icmi.com.au/eva-cox/|work=ICMI|accessdate=2026-05-10|language=en-AU}}</ref> Amekuwa mtetezi hai wa kuunda jamii "ya kiraia zaidi". Alikuwa mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa ''Women's Electoral Lobby''(WEL), na bado anafuatilia mabadiliko ya ufeministi kwa kuweka thamani mpya ya michango ya kijamii na ustawi kwenye ajenda za kisiasa, na pia kutambua msingi wa pamoja kati ya Mataifa ya Kwanza ya Australia na maadili ya ufeministi kuhusu umuhimu wa kijamii. ==Maisha ya Awali== Eva Maria Hauser Cox alizaliwa katika familia ya Kiyahudi huko Vienna mnamo 1938, chini ya wiki tatu kabla ya Anschluss (12 Machi 1938) ambayo ilimwacha yeye na familia yake bila uraia. Mwaka uliofuata, alisafiri na mama yake Ruth, mwanafunzi wa mwaka wa mwisho wa udaktari, hadi Uingereza, Uingereza; aliishi vitani—kimsingi kama mgeni adui huko Surrey. Baba yake, Richard Hauser, alijiunga na Jeshi la Uingereza huko Palestina, na babu na nyanya zake na jamaa zake wengine walitafuta hifadhi huko Sydney. Baada ya vita, baba yake alifanya kazi katika Chama cha Wakimbizi cha Umoja wa Mataifa huko Roma, Italia, ambapo Cox aliendelea na masomo yake kwa miaka miwili. Mnamo 1948 alijiunga na familia kubwa ya mama yake huko Sydney.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Eva Cox feminist|url=http://www.nla.gov.au/ntwkpubs/gw/58/p09a01.html|work=webarchive.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-10|archive-date=2004-05-23|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20040523140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/11779/20040524-0000/www.nla.gov.au/ntwkpubs/gw/58/p09a01.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Huko Sydney alihudhuria Shule ya Upili ya Wasichana ya Sydney. Miaka miwili baada ya kuwasili, baba yake alianza uhusiano na mpiga piano Hephzibah Menuhin, ambaye wakati huo alikuwa ameolewa na mchunga mifugo kutoka Australia, Lindsay Nicholas, na alikuwa akiishi magharibi mwa Victoria. Hauser na Menuhin waliachana na wenzi wao ili waoane, na Menuhin akawa mama wa kambo wa Cox.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hephzibah|url=http://aso.gov.au/titles/documentaries/hephzibah/clip1/|work=australianscreen|accessdate=2026-05-10|language=en|author=Damien Parer}}</ref> Cox alihudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha Sydney kuanzia 1956 hadi 1957, ambapo alikutana na Germaine Greer na Robert Hughes na akajiunga na Sydney Push. Hata hivyo, alichagua kuacha chuo kikuu ili kusafiri kote Ulaya, ambapo alikutana na John Cox. Walifunga ndoa waliporudi Sydney, na mnamo 1964, wakawa wazazi wa binti, aliyeitwa Rebecca. Rebecca alizaliwa Hughenden, Queensland, ambapo Eva Cox alienda kuungana tena na mumewe baada ya kutengana. Mnamo 1969 walitengana tena. ==Kazi== Cox alirudi kusoma kama mama asiye na mume mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1970, akihitimu na shahada ya Heshima katika sosholojia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha New South Wales (UNSW) mnamo 1974, na akawa mwalimu na mshauri wa utafiti katika idara hiyo. Katika miaka ya 1970, Cox akawa msemaji wa WEL na baadaye alisaidia kuanzisha Tangi la Kufikiri la Kiuchumi la Wanawake. Cox alikuwa mkurugenzi wa Baraza la Huduma za Kijamii la New South Wales (NCOSS) kuanzia 1977 hadi 1981 na alipewa Ushirika wa Churchill mnamo 1980.<ref name=":0" /> Cox alikuwa sehemu ya jarida la wanawake la Refractory Girl katika miaka ya 1980 na akawa msemaji wa vyombo vya habari, pamoja na harakati zake za kupinga vita na masuala ya wanawake. Pia alianzisha kituo cha kwanza cha kulea watoto baada ya shule kilichofadhiliwa na Jumuiya ya Madola, katika Shule ya Umma ya Glenmore Road huko Paddington, New South Wales. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1938|}} [[Jamii:Wayahudi]] [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Australia]] 3kzmaedejw69gr4ri71ps9vnsw9lx3a 0 233510 1542471 1539939 2026-05-14T05:14:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542471 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kai Abdul Foday''' (2 Machi 1924 – 29 Machi 2013) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] aliyehudumu kama mbunge wa Bunge la Sierra Leone akiwakilisha mji wa nyumbani kwake wa Wilaya ya Kono. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Parliament Of Sierra Leone|url=http://parliamentsl.org/members.htm|work=parliamentsl.org|accessdate=2026-05-10|archive-date=2008-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010024540/http://parliamentsl.org/members.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1924]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] 1hdw6pu2g05z082tu9ujlko8g1jj370 0 233588 1542367 1540343 2026-05-13T23:10:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542367 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert''' '''George'''-'''Williams''' ni mwanasiasa wa Sierra Leone na aliyekuwa meya wa Freetown. Anatoka chama cha kisiasa cha All People's Congress (APC). Mnamo Januari 17, 2008, George-Williams alichukua nafasi ya meya aliyeng'olewa madarakani, Winstanley Bankole Johnson.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Herbert George-Williams is the new Mayor of Freetown in Sierra Leone: Sierra Leone News|url=http://news.sl/drwebsite/exec/view.cgi?archive=5&num=7410|work=news.sl|accessdate=2026-05-11|author=Sylvia Blyden|archive-date=2012-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209224529/http://news.sl/drwebsite/exec/view.cgi?archive=5&num=7410|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kama ilivyokuwa kwa Johnson, George-Williams {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} pia ni wa kabila la Krio (''Creole''). Aliondolewa madarakani kwa tuhuma mbalimbali za ufisadi, lakini katika kesi iliyofuata, karibu tuhuma zote zilitupiliwa mbali. == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Sierra Leone]] gtw7ts3wlhgxypngqd32ivheioxotck 0 233801 1542062 1540548 2026-05-13T17:22:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eylin Kalonga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Viwanda, Sayansi na Teknolojia nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi [[Juni]] 2004.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bg7ooi8k5h7kmpr2itvtg0xczf0snu7 0 233818 1542639 1540592 2026-05-14T10:55:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542639 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucious Grandson Kanyumba''' ni mwanasiasa aliyewahi kushika nafasi mbalimbali za uwaziri nchini [[Malawi]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Vijana na Michezo katika baraza la mawaziri la Malawi mwezi Juni 2009. Baadaye alihudumu pia kama Waziri wa [[Elimu]]. Kanyumba alizaliwa mwaka 1972. Alisoma katika Seminari ya St Kizito, Dedza, kisha akaendelea na masomo katika University of Malawi, Chancellor College. Mwaka 1995 alipata shahada ya uzamili ya Sayansi ya Mazingira na kuwa mwalimu katika shule ya sekondari ya Balaka. Mwaka 1996 aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi mtendaji wa Andiamo Youth Cooperative Trust. Mnamo Aprili 2009, Kanyumba alipata shahada ya Uzamivu (PhD) katika [[Sayansi]] za Baiolojia. Pia anaendesha duka la vifaa vya ujenzi mjini Mangochi na anajihusisha na biashara ya mazao pamoja na usafirishaji. Kanyumba alijiunga na chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) mwaka 2005, akawa Gavana wa Kanda ya Mashariki mwezi Julai 2008, na mwezi Februari 2009 akateuliwa kuwa Naibu wa Pili wa Kitaifa wa Vijana katika Baraza Kuu la [[Uongozi]] la DPP. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa jimbo la Ntcheu Bwanje South tarehe 19 Mei 2009. Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Vijana na Michezo katika baraza la mawaziri lililoanza kazi tarehe 15 Juni 2009. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Aliendelea kushikilia nafasi hiyo katika baraza la mawaziri lililotangazwa tarehe 9 Agosti 2010. Baadaye, akiwa Waziri wa Elimu, mwezi Machi 2014 alitoa uamuzi wenye utata wa kubadilisha sera ya lugha ya kufundishia katika shule za Malawi na kufanya Kiingereza kuwa lugha pekee ya kufundishia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi schools to teach in English|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2014/8/21/malawi-schools-to-teach-in-english|work=Al Jazeera|accessdate=2026-05-11|language=en|author=Lameck Masina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 5jyfgv54q58o0x9q5mmuk8mj0dt7b0e 0 233821 1542134 1540898 2026-05-13T18:46:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis Kasaila''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi na [[Kazi]] za Umma nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2014 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi Peter Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 19 Juni 2014.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Malawians give Mutharika Cabinet size thumps up - The Malawi Oracle Times|date=2014-06-24|url=http://www.orakonews.com/malawians-give-mutharika-cabinet-size-thumps-up/|work=The Malawi Oracle Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-11}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] aoygdcc0lmgv6rsexo8lvpg2no92r8p 0 233823 1542591 1540590 2026-05-14T09:48:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542591 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lazaro Kasaila''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Uchukuzi na Kazi za Umma nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa [[Malawi]] Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] sc4apl3qur5rhm1wipzbec5lvue6tml 0 233970 1542363 1540908 2026-05-13T23:03:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542363 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston''', GCMG (19 Agosti 1898 – 14 Desemba 1969) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Sierra Leone. Alikuwa mzawa wa kwanza wa Sierra Leone kuwa Gavana-Jenerali wa nchi hiyo. Alikuwa mwanachama wa kabila la Krio (Creole), ambao ni wazawa wa watumwa walioachwa huru kutoka Nova Scotia, Marekani, na Uingereza waliowasili Freetown kati ya mwaka 1792 na 1855.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dr. Abdulai Conteh Comments on Controversial Speaker Issue|url=http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/dr-abdulai-conteh-comments-on-controversial-speaker-issue|work=The Patriotic Vanguard|date=2013-11-22|accessdate=2026-05-12|language=en|author=The Patriotic Vanguard}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Coin Designs - Bank of Sierra Leone|url=http://www.bankofsierraleone-centralbank.org/coin_designs.html|work=www.bankofsierraleone-centralbank.org|accessdate=2026-05-12|archive-date=2017-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222070650/http://www.bankofsierraleone-centralbank.org/coin_designs.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> m94nkxeghdhucoecba0g07llmlphxt9 0 233987 1542439 1540928 2026-05-14T03:57:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542439 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Ernst Leigh''' alikuwa balozi wa [[Sierra Leone]] nchini Marekani ambaye alihudumu wakati wa Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe vya Sierra Leone. Leigh pia alikuwa mgombea urais kupitia chama cha Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) wakati wa uchaguzi wa rais wa mwaka 2007 nchini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Palm Tree Magazine|url=http://www.changesierraleone.org/bio.asp|work=www.changesierraleone.org|accessdate=2026-05-12|archive-date=2007-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070817114303/http://www.changesierraleone.org/bio.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Sierra Leone]] 6fs8mxgh4vhylhz5zezdoipletgwx16 0 234097 1542194 1541084 2026-05-13T19:34:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542194 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gaizka Mendieta Zabala''' (alizaliwa [[27 Machi]], [[1974]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo wa kati]]. Alikuwa mchezaji mwenye uwezo wa kubadilika nafasi uwanjani, akiwa na mbinu nzuri, uwezo wa kushambulia na pia uwezo wa kukaba. Alikuwa na uwezo wa kutengeneza mabao kwa wachezaji wenzake na pia kufunga mwenyewe. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa na Valencia CF, ambapo alishinda mataji matatu na pia alifika fainali ya UEFA Champions League katika miaka ya Fainali ya Ligi ya Mabingwa ya UEFA ya 2000 na Fainali ya Ligi ya Mabingwa ya UEFA ya 2001. Kwa mafanikio yake, alichaguliwa kuwa Kiungo Bora wa Ulaya wa Msimu katika miaka yote miwili. Baadaye alihitimisha maisha yake ya soka akiwa na klabu ya Middlesbrough F.C. nchini England.<ref name=Leyenda>{{cite web|url=http://www.deportevalenciano.com/2013/03/27/gaizka-mendieta-39-a%C3%B1os-de-una-leyenda|title=Gaizka Mendieta: 39 años de una leyenda|trans-title=Gaizka Mendieta: 39 years of a legend|publisher=Deporte Valenciano|first=José|last=Hernández|language=es|date=27 March 2013|access-date=2 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/208392.html|title=Worst players to win the Champions League|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=24 May 2013|access-date=15 January 2018|archive-date=2021-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806042347/http://en.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/208392.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 3weugu1azum0ndx5hinkqu96z40z4iq 0 234128 1542314 1541210 2026-05-13T21:36:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542314 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Grey Malunga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu kutoka [[Malawi]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Maliasili na Nishati nchini Malawi, baada ya kuteuliwa kushika wadhifa huo mapema mwaka 2009 na aliyekuwa [[Rais]] wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-12|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 7iqdzf9u43ye7daluc565b7fgud9ts8 0 234131 1542243 1541208 2026-05-13T20:18:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542243 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gertrude Hendrina Maseko''' (amezaliwa takriban mwaka 1961) ni aliyekuwa [[mbunge]] wa Bunge la Taifa na aliyekuwa Mama wa Taifa wa Malawi. Maseko anatokea kijiji cha Kapasule katika [[Wilaya]] ya Balaka.<ref>{{Citation|title=Here comes the bride: Malawi First Lady Gertrude|date=2014-06-21|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/06/21/here-comes-the-bride-malawi-first-lady-gertrude/|work=Malawi Nyasa Times - Malawi breaking news in Malawi|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-12|archive-date=2014-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140624023146/http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/06/21/here-comes-the-bride-malawi-first-lady-gertrude/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alisoma katika [[Shule]] ya Sekondari ya St Mary's huko Zomba. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Taifa kupitia chama cha Demokrasia kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2014, baada ya kuchaguliwa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2009. Alifunga ndoa na Rais Peter Mutharika tarehe 21 Juni 2014.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mutharika weds partner in colourful ceremony|url=https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2014-06-21-mutharika-weds-partner-in-colourful-ceremony/|work=IOL|date=2076-08-18|accessdate=2026-05-12|language=en|author=SAPA+}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 1ybtjpu3ehle0hoyugle1icgecob5a8 0 234141 1542418 1541217 2026-05-14T02:30:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542418 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jappie Mhango''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu kutoka Malawi. Aliwahi kuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Ulinzi wa Malawi, baada ya kuteuliwa kushika wadhifa huo mwaka 2014 na aliyekuwa [[Rais]] wa Malawi, Peter Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 23 Juni 2014.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-12|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Malawians give Mutharika Cabinet size thumps up - The Malawi Oracle Times|date=2014-06-24|url=http://www.orakonews.com/malawians-give-mutharika-cabinet-size-thumps-up/|work=The Malawi Oracle Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-12}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] gv1svxgfivyp4466n475anz4ygy5260 0 234153 1542064 1541198 2026-05-13T17:32:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542064 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faless Debrah Moyo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye alichaguliwa mwaka 2025 kuwakilisha Jimbo la Chitipa North kama mgombea huru. == Maisha == Moyo aligombea kama mgombea huru na akashinda kwa kupata kura zaidi ya 5,300 katika Jimbo la Chitipa North.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi Elections 2025 - MP Results|url=https://malawi2025.info/m_cand.php|work=www.malawi2025.info|accessdate=2026-05-12}}</ref> Ilisemekana kuwa yeye ndiye [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kushinda [[jimbo]] la uchaguzi katika Chitipa, ingawa Chimango Mughogho alikuwa amewahi kushinda Jimbo la Chitipa South hapo awali. Kitaifa, asilimia ya wanawake katika [[Bunge]] la Malawi ilikuwa takribani 21%, ambapo wanawake 40 kati ya wabunge 221 walikuwa wanawake mwaka 2025.<ref>{{Citation|title=Ex-minister regrets joining Peoples Party|date=2014-04-09|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|work=Malawi Nyasa Times - Malawi breaking news in Malawi|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-12|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060128/http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] f1d77fjnfbpgrvf2gqzql1xls7mxalh 0 234178 1541807 1541260 2026-05-13T12:33:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 4 template(s) replaced. 1541807 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Soon-Shiong''' (Alizaliwa [[Julai 29]], [[1952]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], mtafiti, na [[daktari]] bingwa wa upasuaji nchini [[Marekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Afrika Kusini]] ambaye alivumbua Abraxane, dawa inayotumika kwa saratani ya mapafu, matiti, na kongosho.<ref>{{cite web |title=IBRX SHAREHOLDER UPDATE: ImmunityBio Sued |url=https://www.barchart.com/story/news/1853872/ibrx-shareholder-update-immunitybio-ibrx-sued-after-fda-flags-misleading-cancer-claims-shares-plunge-21-2b-market-cap-lost-hagens-berman |website=Barchart.com |date=2026-05-11 |access-date=2026-05-12}}</ref><ref name="Forbes">{{cite journal | author = Moukheiber, Zina | date = 2011-11-10 | title=Billionaire Patrick Soon-Shiong Wants To Remake The U.S. Health Care System | journal = Forbes | format = online | url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/zinamoukheiber/2011/11/10/billionaire-patrick-soon-shiong-wants-to-remake-the-u-s-health-care-system/ | access-date=2016-11-20}}</ref>Alikuwa mmiliki na mwenyekiti mtendaji wa ''Los Angeles Times'' tangu [[2018]]. Mnamo Machi [[2026]], FDA ilimtumia barua ya onyo kwa madai yake ya kupotosha kuhusu dawa yake ya Anktiva, ambayo ilisababisha kushuka kwa bei ya hisa za ImmunityBio kwa zaidi ya asilimia 21<ref name="AcademicBios">Biographies providing these details include {{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ita.ucla.edu/people/advisory-board/patrick-soon-shiong |title=Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D. |access-date=3 April 2015 |website=UCLA Engineering |publisher=UCLA |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6XVlVCGkE?url=http://www.ita.ucla.edu/people/advisory-board/patrick-soon-shiong |archive-date=3 April 2015}}, {{Rejea tovuti |author=Soon-Shiong, P. |year=2015 |title=Patrick Soon Shiong |url=http://www.ita.ucla.edu/patrick-soon-shiong/ |website=Institute for Technology Advancement |access-date=2015-11-05 |publisher=UCLA Engineering |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105001918/http://www.ita.ucla.edu/patrick-soon-shiong/ |archive-date=2015-11-05 |url-status=dead}}, and {{Rejea tovuti |author=Soon-Shiong, P. |date=2008 |url=http://www1.cnsi.ucla.edu/INC5/cv/SoonShiongPatrickCV.pdf |title=Curriculum Vitae. Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D., MSc, FRCS(C), FACS |access-date=2015-11-04 |website=INC5 |publisher=California NanoSystems Institute}}</ref><ref>Biographies providing these details include {{cite web | url= http://nantkwest.com/project/patrick-soon-shiong-m-d-frcs-c-facs/ | title= Patrick Soon-Shiong, M.D., FRCS (C), FACS | author= Soon-Shiong, P. | date= 2016 | work= NantKwest.com | access-date= 2016-11-21 | archive-date= November 22, 2016 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161122072546/http://nantkwest.com/project/patrick-soon-shiong-m-d-frcs-c-facs/ | url-status= dead }}</ref><ref name="labusinessjournal">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://labusinessjournal.com/news/2017/aug/10/la-500-patrick-soon-shiong/|title=LA 500: Patrick Soon-Shiong|website=Los Angeles Business Journal|date=August 10, 2017 }}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wataalamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] n05m97s7pkm5chkwhla2i9gwzwku0t5 0 234182 1542057 1541442 2026-05-13T17:10:42Z Family 001 70423 Nimerekebisha Sehemu za uandishi 1542057 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uwilingiyimana''' ni jina la ukoo la Kinyarwanda. Watu wenye jina hili la [[ukoo]] ni pamoja na: * [[Agathe Uwilingiyimana]] (1953–1994), waziri mkuu wa Rwanda 1993–1994, wa kwanza na wa pekee mwanamke nchini hadi sasa * Juvénal Uwilingiyimana (1951–2005), waziri wa biashara wa [[Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Majina ya ukoo]] 2w1u64qeg7y40fi4e3d0mvbeo36g9ta 0 234184 1541865 1541288 2026-05-13T13:20:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vicky Lau''' ni mjasiriamali wa masuala ya upishi aliyezaliwa [[Hong Kong]], na ndiye mwanzilishi pamoja na mpishi mkuu wa mgahawa wa ''Tate Dining Room'', mgahawa uliotunukiwa nyota mbili za Michelin .<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2024-02-21 |title=How Michelin-starred chef Vicky Lau’s ‘edible stories’ reveal her initial career path |url=[https://www.scmp.com/native/business/banking-finance/topics/how-spend-eight/article/3252500/how-michelin-starred-chef-vicky-laus-edible-stories-provide-glimpse-her-initial-career-path](https://www.scmp.com/native/business/banking-finance/topics/how-spend-eight/article/3252500/how-michelin-starred-chef-vicky-laus-edible-stories-provide-glimpse-her-initial-career-path) |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] szfglrt8mw24lfsghhj0u47ychg0jwd 0 234197 1541785 1541308 2026-05-13T12:18:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1541785 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mère''' ({{IPA|fr|mɛʁ|lang}}, maana yake “mama”) ni cheo cha heshima kilichotolewa kwa wapishi wanawake wenye vipaji nchini [[Ufaransa]] katika karne ya 18, 19 na 20. Wengi wa wapishi hao hawakuwa na mafunzo rasmi ya upishi. Kati ya mwaka 1759 hadi mwishoni mwa karne ya 20, wanawake wengi waliitwa “Mère”. Kazi yao ilifanya mji wa [[Lyon]] na maeneo jirani kuwa kituo muhimu cha vyakula bora nchini Ufaransa na duniani. Miongoni mwao maarufu zaidi niMère Brazier, anayechukuliwa kuwa “mama wa upishi wa kisasa wa Kifaransa”. == Historia == Matumizi ya awali ya jina “Mère” yalitajwa mwaka 1759, ambapo Mère Guy, aliyepika katika nyumba ya wageni kando ya mto Rhône, alijipatia umaarufu kwa supu yake ya samaki aina ya eel (eel stew). Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1800, Mère Brigousse katika eneo la Charpennes alijulikana kwa maandazi yake ya dumplings.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://exploratricedesaveurs.com/2012/01/22/mais-qui-sont-ces-fameuses-meres-lyonnaises/|title=Ni](https://exploratricedesaveurs.com/2012/01/22/mais-qui-sont-ces-fameuses-meres-lyonnaises/|title=Ni) nani hawa “Mères Lyonnaises” maarufu?|last=Champion|first=Caroline|date=22 Januari 2012|website=Exploratrice de saveurs|language=fr-FR|access-date=13 Februari 2020}}</ref> Tangu wakati huo, wapishi wanawake wengi wenye vipaji, wengi wao bila mafunzo rasmi, wamekuwa wakipewa cheo cha “Mère”.<ref name="Vannier">{{Rejea kitabu|last=Vannier|first=Eric|title=The beautiful story of Mont-Saint-Michel : with 88 recipes from La Mere Poulard|year=2018|isbn=978-2-8123-1859-7|location=Vanves Cedex, France|oclc=1055139129}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufaransa]] jmpgf4ehnlji1638tjhd26947hgkqdt 0 234201 1541796 1541314 2026-05-13T12:24:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541796 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nompumelelo Mqwebu''' (alizaliwa mwaka 1977) ni mpishi na mwandishi kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]].<ref name=":4">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.ozy.com/provocateurs/the-chef-reconnecting-south-africans-with-their-native-food/81228|title=The](http://www.ozy.com/provocateurs/the-chef-reconnecting-south-africans-with-their-native-food/81228|title=The) Chef Reconnecting South Africans With Their Native Food|last=Laylin|first=Tafline|date=17 Oktoba 2017|website=OZY|language=en-US|access-date=18 Novemba 2019|archive-date=11 Oktoba 2021|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20211011062122/https://www.ozy.com/provocateurs/the-chef-reconnecting-south-africans-with-their-native-food/81228/|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20211011062122/https://www.ozy.com/provocateurs/the-chef-reconnecting-south-africans-with-their-native-food/81228/|url-status=dead}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lbp63j74mpwudthxincea42gk72g7af 0 234206 1542637 1541726 2026-05-14T10:52:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucia Pavin''' (alizaliwa 8 Agosti 1947) ni mpishi kutoka [[Italia]]. Anachukuliwa kuwa miongoni mwa wapishi wa kwanza kuleta mtindo wa Upishi wa kisasa wa Kifaransa nchini Italia na kuuchanganya na upishi Italia. == Kazi == Mnamo 1963, alianza kufanya kazi katika Restaurant Al Palazzino huko Galliera Veneta, mji mdogo katika Province of Padua, eneo la [[Veneto]], karibu maili 30 kaskazini-magharibi mwa [[Venice]]. Katika miaka ya 1980 alihamia [[Ufaransa]] na kuwa mwanafunzi wa mpishi mashuhuri Roger Vergé. Baadaye alisoma katika École de Cuisine du Soleil huko Mougins kabla ya kurudi kufanya kazi tena katika Restaurant Al Palazzino. Mnamo 1982 alishinda tuzo ya kimataifa Dionisio dell’Ospitalità. Baadaye alifanya kazi na bwana wa upishi Gualtiero Marchesi. Mnamo 1994 alirejea Ufaransa katika shule ya Vergé ya École de Cuisine, ambapo alipata shahada ya pili ya ufundi wa upishiwa Kifaransa. Mnamo 1996 alishinda tuzo ya kimataifa ya upishi. Mnamo 2001, Luigi Veronelli, mmoja wa waandishi muhimu wa gastronomy nchini Italia, alimpa tuzo maalum iitwayo Il Sole kwa sahani ya Lucia ya ndege wa kanga aliyejazwa mimea na truffle.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.veronelli.com/rubriche/davvero-par-dessere-come-a-casa.html|title=Al Palazzino da Lucia: A Galliera Veneta come a casa|date=27 February 2012|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2019-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718043145/http://www.veronelli.com/rubriche/davvero-par-dessere-come-a-casa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pavin, Lucia}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] rlc4fmnz1xx1t2xe4frw9ckly5p678g 0 234207 1541836 1541324 2026-05-13T12:54:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541836 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shelina Permalloo''' ni mpishi wa televisheni, mmiliki wa migahawa na mwandishi wa vitabu vya mapishi ambaye anajihusisha zaidi na vyakula vya [[Morisi|Mauritius]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mwenye rangi tofauti kushinda kipindi cha BBC cha MasterChef mwaka 2012. == Maisha ya awali == Permalloo alizaliwa na kukulia mjini Southampton, [[Uingereza]], na anajitambulisha kama Mwingereza mwenye asili ya Mauritius, ambapo wazazi wake wote walihamia kutoka Mauritius.<ref name=kteelanah>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2020-10-16 |title=Second Generation Mauritians in Britain – Master Chef Shelina Permalloo |url=[http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/second-generation-mauritians-in-britain-master-chef-shelina-permalloo/](http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/second-generation-mauritians-in-britain-master-chef-shelina-permalloo/) |access-date=3 Juni 2023 |website=Mauritius Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2ld5ttxf08qev1jpa8gnlo2dg4mhsyp 0 234223 1542597 1541719 2026-05-14T09:49:15Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542597 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leckford Mwanza Thotho''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] aliyewahi kuhudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Habari na baadaye Waziri wa Ulinzi nchini Malawi kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2011. Thotho aligombea uchaguzi wa Mei 2009 kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) na kuchaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa jimbo la Dowa North East. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Habari na Elimu ya Uraia katika baraza la mawaziri lililoanza kazi tarehe 15 Juni 2009, akiwa na Kingsley Namakwa kama Naibu Waziri wake. Mnamo Machi 2010, serikali ya [[Scotland]] ilitangaza kusitisha misaada kwa mashirika nchini Malawi yaliyokuwa yanawabagua mashoga. Thotho alijibu kwa kusema kuwa ingawa Malawi ni nchi maskini, fedha haziwezi kuilazimisha kuhalalisha vitendo ambavyo vinaonekana kuwa kinyume na maadili ya jamii ya Malawi. Kauli hiyo ilitolewa baada ya wanandoa wa jinsia moja kutiwa hatiani kwa kosa la “vitendo vya aibu” kufuatia kufanya ndoa ya mfano ya jinsia moja. Thotho alitetea uamuzi huo kwa misingi ya maadili na desturi za Malawi, akilinganisha marufuku ya ndoa za jinsia moja nchini Malawi na marufuku ya ndoa za wake wengi nchini Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Polygamy is Illegal in US as Is Homosexuality in Malawi {{!}} Malawi Voice|url=http://www.malawivoice.com/latest-news/polygamy-is-illegal-in-us-as-is-homosexuality-in-malawi/|work=www.malawivoice.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2010-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523030730/http://www.malawivoice.com/latest-news/polygamy-is-illegal-in-us-as-is-homosexuality-in-malawi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 9ics5zo14j60hpebj1k1jpg6dqsmqn5 0 234224 1542666 1541729 2026-05-14T11:32:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''MacJones Mandala Shawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Serikali za Mitaa nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] tbj76tuh7t19o2t73zsfs514ix66fzw 0 234230 1541851 1541362 2026-05-13T13:11:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Twaibu Sangala''' alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa Baraza la Mawaziri nchini [[Malawi]] na mmoja wa waliotambulika kama “Mwanza Four”. Alitokea katika Wilaya ya Dedza District chini ya Mamlaka ya Jadi ya Tambala, ambako baadaye alizikwa. Shughuli za mazishi yake ziliandaliwa na chama tawala cha wakati huo, United Democratic Front (UDF), chini ya uongozi wa Bakili Muluzi, rais wa kwanza wa Malawi kuchaguliwa kidemokrasia. Sangala alikuwa Waziri wa Afya wa Malawi. Alifariki katika mazingira ya kutatanisha tarehe 18 Mei 1983 pamoja na mawaziri wengine wawili, Aaron Gadama na Dick Matenje, pamoja na [[Mbunge kutoka Baraza la Wawakilishi|Mbunge]] David Chiwanga. Vifo vyao vilitangazwa na utawala wa Kamuzu Banda kuwa vilitokana na ajali ya barabarani. Mwaka 1995, watu saba walishtakiwa kuhusiana na kifo chake, akiwemo Kamuzu Banda, lakini wote waliachiwa huru kutokana na ukosefu wa ushahidi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MALAWI NEWS ONLINE #34|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Newsletters/mno34.html|work=www.africa.upenn.edu|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1983]] 9gxeipslgiu40jhgdh4ma1qk3dj9g6j 0 234232 1541822 1541365 2026-05-13T12:43:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1541822 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rhita Langa Sanga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]] anayewakilisha jimbo la Mchinji West tangu mwaka 2025. Mwaka 2018, Sanga aligombea kama mgombea huru katika jimbo la Mchinji East. Alipata chini ya asilimia 7 ya kura, huku Kayo Zinchetera wa chama cha Malawi Congress Party akishinda jimbo hilo. Mwaka 2025, Sanga aligombea tena katika jimbo la Mchinji West na kushinda [[uchaguzi]]. Mnamo Novemba 2025, aliteuliwa kuwa Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Vyombo vya Habari na Teknolojia ya Habari katika National Assembly of Malawi. Mwenyekiti wa kamati hiyo alikuwa Kingwell Liphuka, na walichaguliwa kuhudumu hadi mwaka 2030.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MCP Secures Strategic Ground as Parliament Confirms New Committee Leadership|url=https://shiretimes.com/mcp-secures-strategic-ground-as-parliament-confirms-new-committee-leadership/|work=Shire Times|date=2025-11-21|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Editor In-Chief}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Parliament of Malawi|url=https://www.parliament.gov.mw/media-resources/parliament-news/84|work=www.parliament.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Parliament of Malawi}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 3efsbh5m0izqc7jzb135d08wwuuaih1 0 234233 1541873 1541366 2026-05-13T13:27:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wictor B Songazaudzu Sajeni''' alizaliwa katika [[Wilaya]] ya Ntchisi nchini Malawi. Aliingia katika siasa mwaka 2009 akiwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Ntchisi East chini ya uongozi wa marehemu Bingu wa Mutharika. Alihudumu kama mshauri wa Rais Peter Mutharika kuanzia mwaka 2014 hadi 2019. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Elimu ya Msingi anayehusika na shule za msingi na sekondari kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi kifo cha Rais Bingu wa Mutharika mwaka 2012. Wictor Sajeni alisomea shahada ya uzamili (MA) katika Swansea University nchini Wales. Wakati wa masomo yake chuoni hapo, alifanya mafunzo ya [[kazi]] katika The Foyer, mradi wa makazi ya kusaidia vijana mjini Swansea.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=AfricanBrains – The Southern African ICT for Education Summit 2012 – Hon. Wictor Songazaudzu Sajeni – Minister of Education, Science & Technology, Malawi|url=http://africanbrains.net/edusa/hon-wictor-songazaudzu-sajeni-minister-of-education-science-technology-malawi/|work=africanbrains.net|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4xtv5hiue9xegraoifdocrwr6zdwzqi 0 234252 1541811 1541397 2026-05-13T12:35:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1541811 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pedro Mutindi''' (alizaliwa Juni 30, 1954) ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe wa [[Angola]] na mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama cha MPLA. Anajulikana kama mmoja wa viongozi wenye ushawishi mkubwa, hususan katika eneo la kusini mwa nchi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Government Officials {{!}} Angola|url=https://www.un.int/angola/angola/government-officials|work=www.un.int|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola - World Leaders|url=https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/angola|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ooxf0jidsbv9wamli8md4h5tlemgjbc 0 234254 1541852 1541399 2026-05-13T13:11:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541852 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harold Ty Warner''' (Alizaliwa [[Septemba 3]], [[1944]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni afisa mkuu mtendaji, mmiliki pekee, na mwanzilishi mwenza wa ''Ty Inc.'' ambayo hutengeneza na kusambaza wanasesere wa kujazwa, haswa Beanie Babies. Pia anamiliki ''Four Seasons Hotel New York'', aliyonunua kwa faida kutoka kwa Beanie Babies mwaka [[1990]]. Kufikia Machi [[2025]], aliorodheshwa nambari 519 kwenye orodha ya [[Forbes]] ya mabilionea, akiwa na utajiri wa dola bilioni 6.4<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/ty-warner/|access-date=2025-03-31|website=www.forbes.com|title=Forbes Billionaires List}}</ref><ref name="Chicago">{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Bryan|date=May 2014|title=Behind the Beanie Babies: The Secret Life of Ty Warner|newspaper=Chicago Magazine|url=http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/May-2014/Ty-Warner/|access-date=April 26, 2014}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dyrfy32fjwjcjkuah9ogxqoauqj02r0 0 234256 1541864 1541401 2026-05-13T13:20:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541864 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Venâncio da Silva Moura''' (24 Februari 1942 – 6 Machi 1999) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] mbobezi wa [[Angola]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Uhusiano wa Nje wa Angola kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi Januari 1999, kipindi ambacho kilikuwa na umuhimu mkubwa katika juhudi za kutafuta amani ya kudumu nchini humo.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4A5NM4IeBXgC&q=MOURA,+VENANCIO+DE+dictionary&pg=PA171|title=Historical Dictionary of Angola|last=James|first=W. Martin|date=2011-05-05|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7458-9|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1999]] 4x38xydimk4vfebmfsusowz6bbq6wvn 0 234258 1541814 1541404 2026-05-13T12:36:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541814 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter V. Sperling''' (alizaliwa [[1960]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]]. Sperling alikuwa mwenyekiti wa zamani wa [[Apollo Group]] na [[CallWave, Inc.]] Alijiunga na kampuni mwaka [[1983]], karibu muongo mmoja baada ya baba yake kuianzisha. Aliondoka kama mwenyekiti wa Apollo Education Group wakati ilipochukuliwa katika mpango wa kuifanya iwe ya kibinafsi kwa dola bilioni 1.1 mnamo Februari [[2017]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Peter Sperling (USA) |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/peter-sperling-usa-t5t27xddmd0 |work=The Times |date=1 March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Peter Sperling: Peter Sperling Net Worth, Biography, Age, Spouse, Children & More |url=https://www.goodreturns.in/peter-sperling-net-worth-and-biography-blnr1799.html |access-date=2025-05-24 |website=Goodreturn |language=en}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1dj5k9ejqhzykpo6s6omzc84zp915o7 0 234262 1541823 1541408 2026-05-13T12:45:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541823 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roberto Leal Monteiro "Ngongo"''' ni mwanajeshi mwandamizi na [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]]. Yeye ni mmoja wa makamanda wa kihistoria wa jeshi la '''FAPLA''' (jeshi la zamani la MPLA) ambaye alibadilika na kuwa kiongozi muhimu wa kiserikali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Roberto Leal Monteiro (Ngongo) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3807/roberto-leal-monteiro|work=www.africa-confidential.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 03ix35esjrpyyzey5ymz0dmxp2nhs8d 0 234274 1541826 1541435 2026-05-13T12:45:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541826 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roger Wang''' (alizaliwa [[1948]] au [[1949]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Taiwan]]. Yeye ni mwenyekiti na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa zamani wa Golden Eagle International Group<ref name=Forbes>{{cite web|title=Roger Wang|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/roger-wang/|website=Forbes|accessdate=25 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/richest-foreigners-in-china-2011-7|title=The Billionaire Foreigners Who Made Their Fortunes In China|first=Julie|last=Zeveloff|website=Business Insider}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] ifz5wo88j4s4q3u9zgmhz26m27j0jtx 0 234280 1541824 1541447 2026-05-13T12:45:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1541824 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rodrigo Rodrigues Mingas''' ni kiongozi wa kijeshi na kisiasa wa kikundi cha FLEC'''-'''PM . Hili ni tawi la kijeshi la vuguvugu la ukombozi la Cabinda linalopigania uhuru wa jimbo hilo kutoka kwa serikali ya [[Angola]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=L’opposition togolaise à la croisée des chemins|url=https://www.republicoftogo.com/toutes-les-rubriques/medias/l-opposition-togolaise-a-la-croisee-des-chemins|work=République Togolaise|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr-FR}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=La Coupe d'Afrique des Nations s'ouvre dans le sang togolais|url=https://www.parismatch.com/Actu/International/CAN-Le-Togo-meurtri-et-forfait-147568|work=parismatch.com|date=2010-01-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 2fb1zj9h764ohp6004czw6qp8b12bhq 0 234303 1541828 1541476 2026-05-13T12:48:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saiyuud "Poo" Diwong''' ni mpishi na mwandishi kutoka [[Uthai]], mwenye asili ya Khlong Toei. Aliwahi kuuza chakula nje ya nyumba yake kabla sera za serikali kufanya biashara hiyo kutokuwa na faida. Baadaye alifungua shule ya upishi iitwayo '''Cooking with Poo''', inayofundisha wageni namna ya kupika vyakula rahisi. Kitabu chake cha mwaka 2011 ''Cooking with Poo'' kilimletea umaarufu wa kimataifa na kushinda tuzo ya Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Yea''Bookseller''/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year]]. Baadaye alipika pamoja na mpishi mashuhuri Jamie Oliver. == Maisha na kazi == Diwong alikulia karibu na Chao Phraya River, ambapo wazazi wake waliuza mchanga, na akiwa na umri wa miaka sita alihamia kwa bibi yake huko Khlong Toei ili kuhudhuria shule.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Weir |first=Kate |date=10 April 2014 |title=Thai chef Khun Poo shows children how to cook in Denton |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/thai-chef-khun-poo-shows-6945286 |access-date=26 March 2025 |website=Manchester Evening News |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Diwong, Saiyuud}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uthai]] 4spnhtyt8te1qe3v9uor2c3pg2s1533 0 234306 1541787 1541479 2026-05-13T12:18:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541787 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadia Santini''' ni mpishi kutoka [[Italia]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa mgahawa wake wa Dal Pescatore, uliopo Canneto sull'Oglio, Lombardy, ambao umekuwa na nyota tatu za Michelin tangu mwaka 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Dal Pescatore – Runate - a MICHELIN Guide Restaurant|url=[https://guide.michelin.com/it/en/lombardia/runate/restaurant/dal-pescatore|access-date=2020-08-11|website=MICHELIN](https://guide.michelin.com/it/en/lombardia/runate/restaurant/dal-pescatore|access-date=2020-08-11|website=MICHELIN) Guide|language=en-IT}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kkl7bmnza2wsewb23uucd7ud3j198qq 0 234311 1541862 1541485 2026-05-13T13:19:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541862 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vannia Gava''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 1974) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]]. Alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia na ni Naibu Waziri (Deputy Minister) katika Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati (Italia)|Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=XVIII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi - Scheda deputato - GAVA Vannia |url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307138&idLegislatura=18 |access-date=2022-04-26 |website=www.camera.it |language=it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Gava alizaliwa mjini [[Sacile]], katika mkoa wa [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]]. Alianza safari yake ya kisiasa katika ngazi ya manispaa mjini Sacile, ambapo alihudumu kama diwani na baadaye kama mkuu wa idara ya mazingira na mipango miji. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Gava amekuwa mmoja wa wataalamu wakuu wa chama cha Lega katika masuala ya mazingira na nishati: * **Bunge la Italia:** Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2022. * **Serikali ya Conte I:** Alifanya kazi kama Naibu Waziri (Undersecretary) wa Mazingira kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2019. * **Serikali ya Draghi:** Aliteuliwa tena kuwa Naibu Waziri katika Wizara ya Mpito wa Ikolojia mnamo Februari 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mite.gov.it/pagina/vannia-gava|title=Sottosegretario Vannia Gava|publisher=Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Sicurezza Energetica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> * **Serikali ya Meloni:** Tangu Novemba 2022, amepandishwa cheo na kuwa **Naibu Waziri kamili** (Vice Ministro) katika Wizara ya Mazingira na Usalama wa Nishati chini ya serikali ya [[Giorgia Meloni]]. Anajulikana kwa kusimamia sera zinazohusu usimamizi wa taka, uchumi wa mzunguko, na kuhimiza matumizi ya nishati ya nyuklia kama njia ya kupunguza uzalishaji wa kaboni nchini Italia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Gava, Vannia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1cxg6c5psdxro93rcuvxrv452hu4og7 0 234315 1541820 1541490 2026-05-13T12:43:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541820 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Renate Gebhard''' (alizaliwa 2 Mei 1977) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] kutoka chama cha [[South Tyrolean People's Party]] (SVP). Amekuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2013.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=XVII Legislatura - XVII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi - Scheda deputato - GEBHARD Renate|url=https://www.camera.it/leg17/29?shadow_deputato=305580&idLegislatura=17|access-date=2021-04-16|website=www.camera.it|language=it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Gebhard alizaliwa mjini [[Brixen]] (Bressanone), katika mkoa wa [[South Tyrol]]. Alisoma sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Innsbruck nchini Austria na baadaye katika Chuo Kikuu cha Padua nchini Italia. Kabla ya kuingia kikamilifu kwenye siasa, alifanya kazi kama mwanasheria wa kujitegemea. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa katika ngazi ya manispaa mjini [[Latzfons]] na baadaye [[Klausen]]. Mnamo mwaka 2013, alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia akiwakilisha jimbo la Trentino-Alto Adige. Gebhard ni mwanachama wa chama cha SVP kinachotetea maslahi ya watu wanaozungumza Kijerumani na Kladini katika mkoa wa South Tyrol. Bungeni, amekuwa akijikita katika masuala yafuatayo: * **Haki za Jamii na Familia:** Amekuwa mtetezi wa sera zinazosaidia familia na usawa wa kijinsia. * **Mamlaka ya Ndani (Autonomy):** Kupigania na kulinda mamlaka maalum ya mkoa wa South Tyrol ndani ya mfumo wa kisheria wa Italia. * **Sheria:** Akiwa mwanasheria, amehudumu katika kamati za kisheria za bunge akishiriki katika utungaji wa sheria mbalimbali za kiraia. Mnamo mwaka 2022, alichaguliwa tena kwa muhula wa tatu bungeni, ambapo anahudumu kama kiongozi wa kikundi cha wabunge wa "Mixed Group" (Gruppo Misto) wanaowakilisha vyama vya walio wachache (minorities).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=305580&idLegislatura=19|title=GEBHARD Renate - SVP|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Gebhard, Renate}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] c7nfhhot6nhcouvlp45x6npwv1u6ef1 0 234316 1541797 1541492 2026-05-13T12:24:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541797 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norma Shirley''' (13 Agosti 1938 – 1 Novemba 2010) alikuwa mpishi kutoka [[Jamaika]] aliyeshinda tuzo nyingi za upishi, ikiwemo Tuzo ya Waziri Mkuu kwa ubora katika upishi. Moja ya migahawa yake, ''Norma's on the Terrace'', ilitajwa kuwa miongoni mwa migahawa 60 bora duniani na jarida la ''Condé Nast Traveler''. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Norma Shirley alizaliwa kama Norma Elise Smith mwaka 1938 katika Saint James Parish, Jamaica.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea habari |last=Sen |first=Mayukh |date=30 Septemba 2021 |title=A Jamaican Chef's Journey Home |url=[https://www.newyorker.com/culture/kitchen-notes/a-jamaican-chefs-journey-home](https://www.newyorker.com/culture/kitchen-notes/a-jamaican-chefs-journey-home) |url-status=live |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20210930142420/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/kitchen-notes/a-jamaican-chefs-journey-home](https://web.archive.org/web/20210930142420/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/kitchen-notes/a-jamaican-chefs-journey-home) |archive-date=30 Septemba 2021 |access-date=19 Juni 2024 |work=The New Yorker |language=en-US |issn=0028-792X}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1938|2010}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Jamaika]] qnljseo1042ufgq2ybd9goymo5l3k5a 0 234322 1541803 1541501 2026-05-13T12:31:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paola Ghidoni''' (alizaliwa 8 Julai 1963) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]] ambaye amekuwa alifanya kazi kama mbunge wa Bunge la Ulaya tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Home {{!}} Paola GHIDONI {{!}} MEPs {{!}} European Parliament |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/239256/PAOLA_GHIDONI/home |access-date=2022-11-28 |website=www.europarl.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> == Wasifu == Ghidoni alizaliwa mjini [[Montebelluna]], katika mkoa wa [[Veneto]]. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa za kimataifa, alijikita katika taaluma ya uhasibu na ushauri wa kibiashara, akiwa na uzoefu wa miaka mingi katika kusaidia biashara ndogo na za kati nchini Italia. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Mnamo Novemba 2022, Ghidoni alijiunga na Bunge la Ulaya kuchukua nafasi iliyoachwa wazi na Mara Bizzotto, ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Seneta nchini Italia. Ghidoni ni mwanachama wa kikundi cha bunge cha ''Identity and Democracy'' (ID). Katika Bunge la Ulaya, anahudumu katika kamati zifuatazo: * **Kamati ya Kilimo na Maendeleo ya Vijijini (AGRI):** Ambapo anapigania maslahi ya wakulima wa Italia na ulinzi wa bidhaa za asili za mikoani. * **Kamati ya Haki za Wanawake na Usawa wa Kijinsia (FEMM):** Akijikita katika sera za kusaidia familia na ujasiriamali wa wanawake. Ghidoni anajulikana kwa msimamo wake wa kutetea uhuru wa kiuchumi wa mikoa na kupinga kanuni za Umoja wa Ulaya ambazo anaamini zinakandamiza uzalishaji wa ndani wa Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilgazzettino.it/nordest/treviso/paola_ghidoni_europarlamento_lega_treviso-7023193.html|title=Paola Ghidoni sbarca a Bruxelles: la commercialista trevigiana all'Europarlamento|work=Il Gazzettino|date=2 Novemba 2022|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1963||Ghidoni, Paola}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2scovli9ks5fiv0822bmu7g8jwgq8cn 0 234330 1541885 1541509 2026-05-13T13:33:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yudhika Sujanani''' ni mpishi maarufu, mmiliki wa migahawa, mwandishi na mwanaharakati kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]]. Alianzisha shule ya upishi na duka la vyakula lijulikanalo kama ''Holi Cow Cooking School and Deli'' mwezi Februari 2014. == Kazi == Sujanani alianza kujulikana hadharani mwaka 2009 alipokuwa akitoa maonyesho ya upishi katika maonyesho ya chakula na mvinyo.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Grant-Marshall |first=Sue |title=Winning Women – Yudhika Sujanani: Spiced up holy cow |url=[https://www.news24.com/archives/city-press/winning-women-yudhika-sujanani-spiced-up-holy-cow-20150430](https://www.news24.com/archives/city-press/winning-women-yudhika-sujanani-spiced-up-holy-cow-20150430) |access-date=13 Juni 2025 |website=News24 |language=en-US |archive-date=28 Mei 2017 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170528005946/http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Winning-Women-Yudhika-Sujanani-Spiced-up-holy-cow-20150430](https://web.archive.org/web/20170528005946/http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Winning-Women-Yudhika-Sujanani-Spiced-up-holy-cow-20150430) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gtw3hg6gvpx21ftw3uu58p9bq0bwr0z 0 234331 1542474 1541687 2026-05-14T05:21:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kambamba Kulaxingo''' (pia anajulikana kama Kambamjiji Kulaxingu; 1899 – 15 Januari 2006) alikuwa Mfalme wa Baixa de Cassanje nchini [[Angola]]. Alikuwa kiongozi wa kiroho na kijadi wa watu wa kabila la Imbangala katika mkoa wa Malanje.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.press.angola.org.uk/pdf/Newsletters/Newsletter_111.pdf|work=www.press.angola.org.uk|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2013-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927192714/http://www.press.angola.org.uk/pdf/Newsletters/Newsletter_111.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1899]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] 5bv0tq82rnzyzle54y7srt505rbfhij 0 234334 1541805 1541612 2026-05-13T12:33:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541805 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco García Gómez''' ([[14 Februari]] [[1938]] – [[21 Agosti]] [[2024]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Paquito''', alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]] na baadaye kuwa [[kocha]]. Katika kipindi cha misimu 14, alicheza mechi 327 za [[La Liga]] akiwa na klabu za Real Oviedo na Valencia CF, akifunga mabao 31. Katika msimu wa 1970–71 Valencia CF season, alicheza mechi 27 zote kama mchezaji wa kikosi cha kwanza na kufunga mabao matatu, wakati Valencia CF ilishinda ubingwa wake wa nne wa ligi ya taifa, na wa kwanza baada ya miaka 24.<ref name=JIC>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Corcuera |first=José Ignacio |date=2023 |title=Fútbol y política (3) |url=https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2023/02/futbol-y-politica-3/ |access-date=19 February 2026 |website=Cuadernos de Fútbol |language=es |issn=1989-6379}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/2009/03/04/deportes/1236121204_850215.html|title=El año que Jiménez ayudó a Caparrós|trans-title=The year Jiménez helped Caparrós|work=[[El País]]|first=Hector|last=Iglesias|language=es|date=4 March 2009|access-date=22 March 2020}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1938|2024}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] qz38wf2l2zyj02z4gj1zqfw1trn11v3 0 234335 1541791 1541516 2026-05-13T12:22:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541791 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kambamba Kulaxingo''' (pia anajulikana kama Kambamjiji Kulaxingu; 1899 – 15 Januari 2006) alikuwa Mfalme wa Baixa de Cassanje nchini [[Angola]]. Alikuwa kiongozi wa kiroho na kijadi wa watu wa kabila la Imbangala katika mkoa wa Malanje.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ngola Kabangu - Endiama|url=https://endiamaimprensa.com/ngola_kabamgu/|date=2019-02-26|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] n7oi5qtchsxxqx356fmtdl0ek601rez 0 234336 1541795 1541517 2026-05-13T12:24:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chutatip "Nok" Suntaranon''' ni mpishi kutoka Thailand na mmiliki wa mgahawa Kalaya huko [[Philadelphia]]. Mnamo 2023, alishinda tuzo ya James Beard Foundation Award ya Mpishi Bora, eneo la Mid-Atlantic. == Maisha ya awali == Suntaranon alizaliwa katika Yan Ta Khao , wilaya ya Trang province, ambapo mama yake Kalaya aliendesha kibanda cha kuuza paste za kari katika soko la eneo hilo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Sheehan |first=Jason |date=2022-10-16 |title=With Kalaya Fishtown, Iconic Restaurateur Nok Suntaranon's Past Steers Her Future |url=https://www.phillymag.com/foobooz/2022/10/15/nok-suntaranon-kalaya-fishtown/ |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Philadelphia Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suntaranon, Chutatip}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uthai]] 2mddjiqv874ba1vlii4gkkjzehfvoo7 0 234344 1541810 1541530 2026-05-13T12:34:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541810 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mateus de Brito Júnior''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mtaalamu wa [[Angola]] aliyeshikilia nyadhifa muhimu serikalini wakati wa utawala wa Rais José Eduardo dos Santos.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Andorra]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola Press - ANGOP - A notícia ao seu lado|url=https://znaki.fm/fr/teams/angola-press/|work=znaki.fm|date=2026-02-18|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2010]] 6pgjml14poywfym2pbb8d7x0y6g53ag 0 234346 1541840 1541534 2026-05-13T12:59:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541840 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stefania Giannini''' (alizaliwa 18 Novemba 1960) ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa lugha wa Italia. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu, Vyuo Vikuu na Utafiti kuanzia mwaka 2014 hadi 2016. Kwa sasa, yeye ni Mkurugenzi Mkuu Msaidizi wa Elimu katika shirika la [[UNESCO]] mjini Paris.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=UNESCO |date=8 December 2022 |title=Office of the Assistant Director-General for Education |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/education/whos-who |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=UNESCO.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Official website|http://www.stefaniagiannini.it/}} {{BD|1960||Giannini, Stefania}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] b1t874d25nv0p8vyx0wotk76a45n1bg 0 234349 1541786 1541619 2026-05-13T12:18:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541786 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadia Ginetti''' (alizaliwa 25 Februari 1969) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia ambaye alihudumu kama [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2022.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=senato.it - Scheda di attività di Nadia GINETTI - XVII Legislatura|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/17/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00029107.htm|access-date=2021-12-23|website=www.senato.it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Ginetti alizaliwa mjini [[Perugia]], mkoani [[Umbria]]. Alihitimu shahada ya sayansi ya siasa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Perugia. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa za kitaifa, alifanya kazi katika utawala wa umma na maendeleo ya mikoa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969||Ginetti, Nadia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] 356v3e1e5l2kgv4fchgpaj6lha2byiv 0 234359 1542435 1541551 2026-05-14T03:43:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542435 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aguinaldo''' '''Jaime''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanauchumi mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]], ambaye amekuwa na nafasi kubwa katika kusimamia uchumi wa nchi hiyo katika vipindi tofauti vya mabadiliko.<ref>{{Citation|title=Ministro Job Graça movimenta quadros {{!}} Política {{!}} Jornal de Angola - Online|url=http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/politica/ministro_job_graca_movimenta_quadros|language=pt|access-date=2026-05-13|archive-date=2015-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150724210132/http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/politica/ministro_job_graca_movimenta_quadros|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cknmkesmfe78lagjw3pp0u4sbsx7vp3 0 234360 1542434 1541621 2026-05-14T03:43:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joaquín Navarro Perona''' ([[2 Agosti]] [[1921]] – [[5 Novemba]] [[2002]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Gavà]], [[Mkoa]] wa [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], Navarro alihamia klabu ya FC Barcelona mwaka 1941 kutoka klabu ya nyumbani ya CF Gavà. Katika msimu wake mmoja wa 1941–42 La Liga akiwa na Barcelona, alishinda Copa del Rey, lakini alicheza mechi chache za ligi ingawa alifanikiwa kufunga mabao matatu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/players/realmadrid-in-ec.html|title=Real Madrid CF – All the players in European Cups|publisher=[[Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation|RSSSF]]|accessdate=26 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1969/08/11/pagina-23/1414719/pdf |title=Falleció Navarro II |trans-title=Navarro II has died |website=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |date=11 August 1969 |language=es |accessdate=2026-05-13 |archive-date=2018-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901182522/http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1969/08/11/pagina-23/1414719/pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1921|2002}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] jjdtydl7ywy02e7ol7nizgtr8lu5xcr 0 234388 1541829 1541616 2026-05-13T12:49:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541829 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samantha Vallejo-Nágera Déroulède''' (alizaliwa 27 Oktoba 1969) ni mpishi, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Hispania|Uhispania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama jaji katika kipindi cha MasterChef ya Hispania.<ref name="elpais">{{Rejea habari |last=Gomar |first=Ignacio |title=El éxito de Samantha Vallejo-Nágera, la chef más mediática |language=Spanish |trans-title=Mafanikio ya Samantha Vallejo-Nágera, mpishi maarufu wa vyombo vya habari |newspaper=[[El País]] |url=[https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/11/06/gente/1573052243_649786.html](https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/11/06/gente/1573052243_649786.html) |access-date=27 Novemba 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l88ri744l7ln0cx1fv0p0l00myofm2d 0 234397 1541818 1541645 2026-05-13T12:39:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541818 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pricilia Carla Saputri Yules''' (alizaliwa 8 Julai 1996), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Carla Yules''', ni mshindi wa mashindano ya urembo kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye alishinda taji la Miss Indonesia 2020 akiwakilisha South Sulawesi. Yules aliwakilisha Indonesia katika Miss World 2021, ambapo alifika hatua ya Top 6 na pia alishinda taji la ''Miss World Asia & Oceania''. Yules ni Mwaindonesia wa nne kushinda taji hilo na wa kumi kufika hatua ya fainali katika historia ya [[Miss World]]. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Yules alizaliwa tarehe 8 Julai 1996 mjini [[Surabaya]], East Java, Indonesia, kwa wazazi wa Kichina wa Indonesia, Joe Fredy Yules.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ungkapan Rasa Bangga Ayah Carla Yules Miss Indonesia 2020|url=[https://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2020/02/21/196/2171881/ungkapan-rasa-bangga-ayah-carla-yules-miss-indonesia-2020|website=[[:id:Okezone.com|Okezone.com]]|date=21](https://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2020/02/21/196/2171881/ungkapan-rasa-bangga-ayah-carla-yules-miss-indonesia-2020|website=[[:id:Okezone.com|Okezone.com]]|date=21) Februari 2020 |access-date=21 Februari 2020|archive-date=22 Aprili 2021|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20210422104919/https://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2020/02/21/196/2171881/ungkapan-rasa-bangga-ayah-carla-yules-miss-indonesia-2020|url-status=live}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20210422104919/https://lifestyle.okezone.com/read/2020/02/21/196/2171881/ungkapan-rasa-bangga-ayah-carla-yules-miss-indonesia-2020|url-status=live}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Indonesia]] g0f2brnw8zi0i4psbv9q7ddguwor5wd 0 234398 1541917 1541643 2026-05-13T14:01:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luis Olaso Anabitarte''' ([[15 Agosti]] [[1900]] – [[6 Desemba]] [[1981]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alizaliwa [[Villabona]], Guipúzcoa, Olaso alichezea klabu za [[Atlético Madrid]] na [[Real Madrid]]. Alicheza mechi nne kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania kati ya mwaka 1921 na 1927, akifunga bao moja. Ndugu yake Luis Olaso pia alichezea Atlético na Hispania katika kipindi hicho hicho.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100523225524/http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1193041516860/1202818729564/jugador/JugadorLegendario/Olaso.htm Luis Olaso] at Real madrid Legends</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1900|1981}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] h4vv8stqko47cusamxn4eb04e92mhnw 0 234399 1541919 1541646 2026-05-13T14:02:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Irene gari]] hadi [[Irene Gori]]: usahihi wa jina 1541646 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Irene Gori''' (alizaliwa tarehe [[30 Septemba]] [[1980]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia anayehudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Manaibu la Italia (Chamber of Deputies) tangu tarehe 3 Desemba 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?tipoAttivita=&tipoVisAtt=&tipoPersona=&shadow_deputato=309260&idLegislatura=19|title=GORI Irene|publisher=Camera dei deputati|access-date=13 Mei 2026}}</ref> Kabla ya hapo, aliwahi kuwa diwani wa manispaa katika mji wa [[Quarrata]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lanazione.it/pistoia/politica/il-tempo-e-galantuomo-la-porta-va-in-regione-e-gori-in-parlamento-con-3-anni-di-ritardo-sxdnvjas|title=Il tempo è galantuomo, La Porta va in Regione e Gori in Parlamento con 3 anni di ritardo|first=Alessandro|last=Benigni|work=La Nazione|date=16 Oktoba 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lanazione.it/pistoia/cronaca/una-quarratina-a-roma-irene-23b19964|title=Una quarratina a Roma. Irene Gori è deputata|first=Saverio|last=Melegari|work=La Nazione|date=4 Desemba 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] ae4l4byrvyagbgycs7l6xrxw1yqyue5 0 234400 1541802 1541649 2026-05-13T12:30:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541802 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Osvaldo de Jesus Serra Van-Dúnem''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]], akitokea katika moja ya familia zenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika historia ya nchi hiyo, familia ya Van'''-'''Dúnem.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Betpower Angola|url=https://betpower.ao/|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-AO}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] oq56czr65jq1ol2fsbr7j0f7udozk1j 0 234408 1541812 1541685 2026-05-13T12:35:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1541812 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pedro de Castro Van-Dúnem''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa Comandante Loy, alikuwa mmoja wa nguzo kuu za mapinduzi na serikali ya [[Angola]] baada ya uhuru. Alikuwa kiongozi mwenye ushawishi mkubwa kijeshi na kisiasa,akichukua nafasi nyeti katika usimamizi wa rasilimali za nchi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Washa JavaScript ili utafute|url=https://www.google.com/httpservice/retry/enablejs?sei=NFYEaueaO62B5OMP7pS88QQ|work=www.google.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ministério dos Petróleos {{!}} Histórico|url=http://www.minpet.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx|work=www.minpet.gov.ao|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1999]] 4a3h5jnapervb6hdi9cpcnvuvnk8gol 0 234412 1541808 1541694 2026-05-13T12:34:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541808 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paulo Tchipilica''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mwandamizi na [[mwanasheria]] nchini Angola ambaye alishika nafasi muhimu katika mfumo wa haki wa nchi hiyo kwa miongo kadhaa. Alijulikana sana kwa utumishi wake wa muda mrefu katika kulinda haki za raia na kusimamia wizara ya sheria.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Angola/fSZhDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Paulo+Tchipilica&pg=PT150&printsec=frontcover|title=Angola: Struggle For Peace And Reconstruction|last=Tvedten|first=Inge|date=2018-10-08|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-429-98188-3|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] h7os0s6tmh71763dwa1tex2df73j0im 0 234416 1541923 1541705 2026-05-13T14:04:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arnold Clemens Ap''' (kisiwa cha Numfor, New Guinea ya Kiholanzi - 1 Julai 1946 – Jayapura, Irian Jaya, [[Indonesia]], 26 Aprili 1984) alikuwa kiongozi wa kitamaduni wa Papua ya Magharibi, mtaalamu wa anthropolojia na mwanamuziki. Arnold alikuwa kiongozi wa kundi la muziki la Mambesak, na msimamizi wa makumbusho ya Cenderawasih University Museum. Pia alikuwa akitangaza utamaduni wa Papua kupitia kipindi chake cha redio cha kila wiki.<ref>Rutherford, Danilyn. 2001. "Remembering Sam Kapissa," ''Inside Indonesia,'' Julai–Septemba 2001. {{cite web|url=[http://www.insideindonesia.org/edit67/sam2.htm](http://www.insideindonesia.org/edit67/sam2.htm) |title=Inside Indonesia 67 - Remembering Sam Kapissa |accessdate=6 Juni 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080513154002/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edit67/sam2.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20080513154002/http://www.insideindonesia.org/edit67/sam2.htm) |archivedate=13 Mei 2008 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1946|1984}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Indonesia]] trg9udrr1v0d6t0ddkak06q1ewhi00f 0 234420 1541816 1541713 2026-05-13T12:37:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pinda Simão''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mzoefu nchini [[Angola]] ambaye ameshika nafasi muhimu katika ngazi za kitaifa na mikoa, hasa katika sekta ya elimu na utawala wa umma.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Entrevista: «A avaliação da Reforma Educativa indicou que grande parte dos conhecimentos não são transmitidos aos alunos», Pinda Simão, antigo ministro da Educação|url=https://novojornal.co.ao/sociedade/detalhe/entrevista-a-avaliacao-da-reforma-educativa-indicou-que-grande-parte-dos-conhecimentos-nao-sao-transmitidos-aos-alunos-pinda-simao-antigo-ministro-da-educacao--27891.html|work=Novo Jornal|date=2021-11-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt|author=Nova Vaga}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] elv1v6g7xwu0jz1r4xqm05uv6qyztkv 0 234421 1541788 1541717 2026-05-13T12:19:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naike Gruppioni''' (alizaliwa [[Bologna]], 25 Januari 1979) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mfanyabiashara]] wa Italia ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu tarehe 13 Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{cite web|title=Naike Gruppioni – CV|url=https://assets.nationbuilder.com/azione/pages/2055/attachments/original/1662565004/Gruppioni_CV.pdf?1662565004|access-date=2023-06-21|archive-date=2022-10-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014132130/https://assets.nationbuilder.com/azione/pages/2055/attachments/original/1662565004/Gruppioni_CV.pdf?1662565004|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasifu na Elimu == Gruppioni alihitimu shahada ya Usimamizi wa Biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha Luigi Bocconi mjini [[Milan]] mnamo mwaka 2004. Baada ya masomo, alijikita katika ujasiriamali, ambapo kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2022 alihudumu kama Makamu wa Rais wa kampuni ya familia yake, ''Sira Industrie'', inayojishughulisha na utengenezaji wa vifaa vya kupasha joto na vipuri vya magari. Pia, yeye ni Makamu wa Rais wa Taasisi ya Italia na Marekani (Italy USA Foundation), shirika linalolenga kukuza uhusiano wa kitamaduni na kiuchumi kati ya nchi hizo mbili.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Staff |url=https://www.italiausa.org/staff/ |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=Fondazione Italia Usa |language=it-IT}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979||Gruppioni, Naike}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] evd8cc4npropmu9umq1vfl1xbjftznf 0 234422 1541792 1541716 2026-05-13T12:22:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541792 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nia Kurniasih Ardikoesoema''' (13 Machi 1948 – 8 Aprili 2018) alikuwa mtendaji wa serikali (mkurugenzi/bureaucrat) na mshindi wa mashindano ya urembo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Indonesia kushiriki katika mashindano ya [[Miss Universe]] mwaka 1974.<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=20 Jul 1974|title=Kelinci Percobaan|trans-title=A guinea pig|url=https://data.tempo.co/MajalahTeks/detail/ARM2018061268975/kelinci-percobaan|work=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)]]|language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 9z9jqhjwncm1rnlo16fc5kmc82xwlfe 0 234429 1541771 1541768 2026-05-13T12:01:51Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} kwgstc6iwydo6v0wq21b3iqqg3uyp0s 1541774 1541771 2026-05-13T12:07:19Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} nabufdqa6ywmty3syikus6lfh3ex8k3 1541777 1541774 2026-05-13T12:09:42Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541777 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} h0bgz1ubab3eja5ztnewyopr8l7tj3v 1541781 1541777 2026-05-13T12:15:03Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 0i3q9zw7vabq6ms9uphcgp3ydktgnko 1541782 1541781 2026-05-13T12:15:49Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541782 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 161lnekn1h8ceywjazl1g84wegvhp1p 1541783 1541782 2026-05-13T12:16:18Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 4vznn4awt20iqfd8sdfiebcm0sgxdr8 1541793 1541783 2026-05-13T12:23:05Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541793 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ht1ohf516xf8aehdqvnjao9zn4coscx 1541794 1541793 2026-05-13T12:23:51Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541794 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 778pk2pvel2as9pqv2ixfkebc1kb371 1541800 1541794 2026-05-13T12:29:17Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541800 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> {{Infobox person|picha=Bella Guerin.jpg|name=Bella Guerin|maelezo=Bella Guerin|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwalimu na Mtetezi wa haki za wanawake}} ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} pzwj59e04ndbg9vz0iaog7kphvwqcjx 1541806 1541800 2026-05-13T12:33:17Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> {{Infobox person|picha=Bella Guerin.jpg|name=Bella Guerin|maelezo=Bella Guerin mwaka 1910|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwalimu na Mtetezi wa haki za wanawake|mwenza=Henry Halloran (walioana 1891; alikufa 1893) George D'Arcie Lavender (walioana 1909, walitengana)}} ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} duljo79e1u2mfza2az7i9jfd4f4thl4 1541813 1541806 2026-05-13T12:35:50Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541813 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> {{Infobox person|picha=Bella Guerin.jpg|name=Bella Guerin|maelezo=Bella Guerin mwaka 1910|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwalimu na Mtetezi wa haki za wanawake|mwenza=Henry Halloran (walioana 1891; alikufa 1893) George D'Arcie Lavender (walioana 1909, walitengana)|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=23 Aprili 1858|tarehe ya kufa=26 Julai 1923}} ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} h0emafne9b47cic6vd1j31yig0zaugw 1541817 1541813 2026-05-13T12:38:31Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541817 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Koloni ya Victoria na alifariki 26 Julai 1923 huko [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]]), anayejulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin''', alikuwa mwanaharakati wa haki za [[Ufeministi|wanawake]] wa Australia, mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpigania haki za wanawake, mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> {{Infobox person|picha=Bella Guerin.jpg|name=Bella Guerin|maelezo=Bella Guerin mwaka 1910|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwalimu na Mtetezi wa haki za wanawake|mwenza=Henry Halloran (walioana 1891; alikufa 1893) George D'Arcie Lavender (walioana 1909, walitengana)|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=23 Aprili 1858|tarehe ya kufa=26 Julai 1923|mahali alipofia=Adelaide, Australia Kusini}} ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alizaliwa tarehe 23 Aprili 1858 huko Williamstown, Victoria. Alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} hyd00oke9rezy8puo3v9qse8rsif4jl 1541928 1541817 2026-05-13T14:09:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|picha=Bella Guerin.jpg|name=Bella Guerin|maelezo=Bella Guerin mwaka 1910|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwalimu na Mtetezi wa haki za wanawake|mwenza=Henry Halloran (walioana 1891; alikufa 1893) George D'Arcie Lavender (walioana 1909, walitengana)|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=23 Aprili 1858|tarehe ya kufa=26 Julai 1923|mahali alipofia=Adelaide, Australia Kusini}} '''Julia Margaret Guerin Halloran Lavender''' (anajulikana sana kama '''Bella Guerin'''; Williamstown, Koloni la Victoria, 23 Aprili 1858 - [[Adelaide]], [[Australia Kusini]], 26 Julai 1923) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa [[haki za wanawake]], mpingaji wa uandikishaji jeshini, mwanaharakati wa kisiasa na mwalimu wa shule wa Australia.<ref name="Australian Women's Register">{{Rejea tovuti|author=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Guérin, Julia Margaret (Bella)|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0655b.htm|work=Woman - The Australian Women's Register|accessdate=4 May 2019|language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Guerin alikuwa binti wa Julia Margaret (née Kearney) na Patrick Guerin; wazazi wake wote walizaliwa Ireland. Baba yake alifanya kazi kama sajenti wa adhabu na akapanda cheo hadi kuwa gavana wa gereza.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Kelly|first=Farley|title=Bella Guerin (1858–1923)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/guerin-bella-6503|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Baada ya kusoma nyumbani na kufaulu masomo ya matriki mwaka wa 1878, Bella akawa mwanamke wa kwanza kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu nchini Australia,<ref name=":1">https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/63186093?searchTerm=bella%20guerin&searchLimits=</ref> alipopata Shahada yake ya Kwanza (BA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Melbourne mnamo Desemba 1883,<ref name=":1" /> kuwa M.A. baada ya maombi mwaka wa 1885.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== ===Ualimu=== Alifundisha kwanza katika Chuo cha Loreto, Victoria, kuhimiza ufadhili wa masomo ya elimu ya juu kwa wasichana Wakatoliki ili kutoa 'kundi la wanawake wazuri wenye mawazo mazuri kama ushawishi mkubwa kwa mema'. Aliolewa na mtumishi wa umma na mshairi Henry Halloran katika Kanisa Kuu la Mtakatifu Patrick, Melbourne, tarehe 29 Juni 1891. Halloran, wakati huo akiwa na umri wa miaka 80, alikuwa amemtunuku shairi la sifa baada ya kuona picha ya kuhitimu mwaka wa 1884. Alifariki mjini Sydney tarehe 19 Mei 1893, akimwacha na mtoto mchanga wa kiume, Henry Marco. Ndoa ya pili katika Kanisa la Christ, St Kilda, Melbourne mnamo tarehe 1 Oktoba 1909 na George D'Arcie Lavender, mdogo kuliko yeye kwa miaka thelathini, inaonekana ilidumu kwa muda mfupi.<ref name=":0" /> Akirudi kufundisha kutokana na uhitaji wa kifedha, Bella alifundisha huko Sydney, kisha Carlton, Prahran na Melbourne Mashariki. Kuanzia katikati ya miaka ya 1890 alihudhuria miduara ya watu wanaotaka kunyimwa haki za binadamu, na kuwa msimamizi wa ofisi katika Bendigo Women's Franchise League huku akiendesha Chuo Kikuu Bendigo kuanzia 1898 hadi 1903. Kuanzia 1904 hadi 1917 alifundisha Camperdown na katika mfululizo wa shule ndogo za Melbourne huko South Yarra, St Kilda, Parkville na Brunswick huku mafanikio yake yakipungua. Shughuli zake za kisiasa zinazoongezeka na migogoro kuhusu masharti na Idara ya Elimu huenda ilichangia matokeo haya.<ref name=":0" /> ===Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake=== Akiwa makamu wa rais wa Chama cha Siasa cha Wanawake mnamo 1912 - 1914, Guerin alishiriki katika kuandika kijitabu cha uchaguzi wa Seneti cha Vida Goldstein cha 1913, lakini uanachama mara mbili wa mashirika yasiyo ya vyama vya wanawake na ya Chama cha Wafanyakazi ulithibitika kuwa hauwezekani. Kuanzia 1914 aliandika na kuzungumza kwa niaba ya vyama vya Labour na Victorian Socialist na Ligi ya Wanawake ya Wasoshalisti, na alitambuliwa kama 'mjanja, mwenye busara na mtoa maoni mwenye mafundisho kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya kijamii yenye utata; zilijumuisha haki za watoto haramu, "undugu na udada bila ubaguzi wa kijinsia" na utetezi wa wanamgambo wa Kiingereza wanaopigania haki za kupigania haki za binadamu.<ref name="Australian Women's Register" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1858|2023}} [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Australia]] kdo8hk8fy85y9ygnwmkc89b6ril1i1r 0 234432 1541830 2026-05-13T12:50:33Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541830 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernando''' '''Wilson''' '''dos''' '''Santos''' alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] muhimu na msomi wa [[Angola]] ambaye alichukua nafasi kubwa katika kuwakilisha chama cha '''UNITA''' barani Ulaya wakati wa kipindi cha harakati za ukombozi na vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n00kKKraE0UC&q=Wilson+dos+Santos+died+1991&pg=PA102|title=Death of Dignity: Angola's Civil War|last=Brittain|first=Victoria|date=1998|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=978-0-7453-1247-7|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1991]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] tov2erboek05ushwdv1d8wgy6sdarbu 1541879 1541830 2026-05-13T13:30:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1541879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernando''' '''Wilson''' '''dos''' '''Santos''' alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] muhimu na msomi wa [[Angola]] ambaye alichukua nafasi kubwa katika kuwakilisha chama cha '''UNITA''' barani Ulaya wakati wa kipindi cha harakati za ukombozi na vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n00kKKraE0UC&q=Wilson+dos+Santos+died+1991&pg=PA102|title=Death of Dignity: Angola's Civil War|last=Brittain|first=Victoria|date=1998|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=978-0-7453-1247-7|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1991]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] dh9difl0wy7wgomeyy4zpvk64ibt6n6 0 234433 1541832 2026-05-13T12:52:24Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353807340|Louisa Lawson]]" 1541832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ivqok3t2kcmnvet8ihjpczziaunouj5 1541835 1541832 2026-05-13T12:53:55Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 8awcovkr2k10nsj15o3kfr9fhg0a955 1541841 1541835 2026-05-13T13:00:35Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 /* */ 1541841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn. Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane. Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} hlqntuz5gpg97m4udwwno69xcb66wm6 1541844 1541841 2026-05-13T13:02:38Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane. Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} gif50s5db9jl5nl5lt0vsz1ttf2ou49 1541846 1541844 2026-05-13T13:05:24Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} malty4ymlfvlpbvb4s35f1ds1dpad45 1541854 1541846 2026-05-13T13:12:59Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|caption]] ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} btrbs57mn4q4jgjkghurwjodq0w4hsb 1541856 1541854 2026-05-13T13:14:20Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Louisa Lawson Building in Greenway]] ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} iwkfu7skydzo7x9div0dydomzc3sfm3 1541859 1541856 2026-05-13T13:17:26Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Louisa Lawson Building in Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra and memorial plaque inside]] ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} kaaj7jrp3tdl87wivjwtd00uelmqwq8 1541866 1541859 2026-05-13T13:21:04Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} kynssy9qr5fj6orsyghotqynuyfe6mv 1541878 1541866 2026-05-13T13:30:07Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} b3867fgg3k0czfylat4btz2dg5l479b 1541882 1541878 2026-05-13T13:33:11Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} k8t07tscj66gygya02yv4ypuyjio1id 1541888 1541882 2026-05-13T13:35:27Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000. Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine. Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} tetljwdrdasbs7umm6o0o2epdx577w0 1541891 1541888 2026-05-13T13:37:44Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine. Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 4v4r7sxgq89o74rimdk4cuvrgjqiivb 1541895 1541891 2026-05-13T13:40:36Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Louisa Lawson|image=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|alt=|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1920|08|12|1848|02|17}}|death_place=[[Gladesville, New South Wales]], Australia|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} dq9w27zig47ty9it5xqig7bpsjc9jiz 1541900 1541895 2026-05-13T13:44:32Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 1yjetmuqkkktx512ul0epcwpkmddkct 1541903 1541900 2026-05-13T13:47:14Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|elimu=Mudgee National School|mwenza=Peter Lawson né Niels Larsen}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 1w6ujvqt9pywcac2iqyl0qms50orrfz 1541908 1541903 2026-05-13T13:51:16Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] and 4 others|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|elimu=Mudgee National School|mwenza=Peter Lawson né Niels Larsen|amezikwa=Makaburi ya Rookwood|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=17 Februari 1848|tarehe ya kufa=12 Agosti 1920}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} tq3oa77tl4r1ha9ea8i9y8oq2ztb47p 1541909 1541908 2026-05-13T13:52:30Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] na wengine wanne|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|elimu=Mudgee National School|mwenza=Peter Lawson né Niels Larsen|amezikwa=Makaburi ya Rookwood|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=17 Februari 1848|tarehe ya kufa=12 Agosti 1920}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} p42njx0x6rkspwkth0zbp67b8l849w1 1541932 1541909 2026-05-13T14:12:08Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1541932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] na wengine wanne|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|elimu=Mudgee National School|mwenza=Peter Lawson né Niels Larsen|amezikwa=Makaburi ya Rookwood|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=17 Februari 1848|tarehe ya kufa=12 Agosti 1920}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1848|1920}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Australia]] 7x7sv513xxz6l1y2vfsqp2e4fttkn1c 1542211 1541932 2026-05-13T19:56:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542211 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|watoto=[[Henry Lawson]] na wengine wanne|uraia=Australia|picha=Louisa Lawson V1-FL3303627.jpg|elimu=Mudgee National School|mwenza=Peter Lawson né Niels Larsen|amezikwa=Makaburi ya Rookwood|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=17 Februari 1848|tarehe ya kufa=12 Agosti 1920}}'''Louisa Lawson''' (alizaliwa '''Albury''' ; 17{{nbsp}}Februari 1848{{Spaced ndash}} 12{{nbsp}}Agosti 1920) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi, mchapishaji, mtetezi wa haki za binadamu kutoka Australia na mtetezi wa [[Ufeministi|haki za wanawake]]. Mwanawe mkubwa alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi Henry Lawson. ==Maisha ya awali== Louisa Albury alizaliwa tarehe 17 Februari 1848 katika Kituo cha Guntawang karibu na Gulgong, New South Wales, binti wa Henry Albury na Harriet Winn.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16847591</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa pili kati ya watoto 12 katika familia iliyokuwa ikikabiliwa na matatizo, na kama wasichana wengi wakati huo aliacha shule akiwa na umri wa miaka 13. Mnamo Julai 7, 1866 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 aliolewa na Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), baharia wa Norway, katika nyumba ya wachungaji wa Methodist huko Mudgee, New South Wales. Mara nyingi alikuwa akichimba dhahabu au akifanya kazi na baba mkwe wake, akimwacha peke yake ili alee watoto wanne, Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 na Poppy 1877, pacha wa Tegan ambaye alifariki akiwa na miezi minane.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Louisa Lawson (1848–1920)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lawson-louisa-7121|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Louisa aliomboleza kifo cha Tegan kwa miaka mingi na akaacha utunzaji wa watoto wake wengine kwa mtoto wake mkubwa, Henry. Hii ilisababisha hisia mbaya kwa upande wa Henry kuelekea mama yake na mara nyingi wawili hao walipigana. Mnamo 1882 yeye, watoto wake, na Border Collie wao aliyeitwa Bryn walihamia Sydney, ambapo alisimamia nyumba za kulala wageni. ==Mchapishaji== [[File:Louisa lawson building named photo November 2015 Greenway Canberra.JPG|thumb|Jengo la Louisa Lawson huko Greenway]] [[File:Louisa lawson suffragette light box memorial greenway.JPG|thumb|Canberra na bamba la ukumbusho ndani]]Lawson alitumia pesa alizohifadhi alipokuwa akiendesha nyumba zake za kulala kununua hisa katika gazeti la The Republican linalounga mkono shirikisho hilo mwaka 1887. Yeye na mwanawe Henry walihariri The Republican mnamo 1887-88, ambayo ilichapishwa kwenye mashine ya zamani ya kuchapisha katika nyumba ya Louisa. Chama cha Republican kilitoa wito wa kuungana kwa jamhuri ya Australia chini ya 'bendera ya Australia Iliyoshirikishwa, Jamhuri Kuu ya Bahari za Kusini'. Nafasi ya chama cha Republican ilichukuliwa na The Nationalist, lakini ilidumu kwa muda wa masuala mawili. Kwa mapato yake na uzoefu wake kutokana na kufanya kazi kwenye The Republican, Lawson aliweza, mnamo Mei 1888, kuhariri na kuchapisha The Dawn, Jarida la kwanza la Australia lililochapishwa na wanawake pekee, ambalo lilisambazwa kote Australia na ng'ambo. Gazeti la The Dawn lilikuwa na mtazamo thabiti wa ufeministi na mara nyingi lilishughulikia masuala kama vile haki ya wanawake kupiga kura na kuchukua ofisi za umma, elimu ya wanawake, na haki za kiuchumi na kisheria, vurugu za majumbani, na kiasi. Inachukuliwa kuwa mtangulizi muhimu wa wanawake katika harakati za uchapishaji, wakati wanaharakati wa utetezi wa haki za wanawake wa wimbi la pili walianzisha mitandao mbadala ya mawasiliano kwa kuunda machapisho ambazo ziliandikwa, kuhaririwa, kuchapishwa, kusambazwa, na kusomwa na wanawake. Gazeti la The Dawn lilichapishwa kila mwezi kuanzia mwanzo wake hadi 1905 na katika kilele chake liliajiri wafanyakazi 10 wanawake. Mwana wa Lawson, Henry, pia alichangia mashairi na hadithi kwa ajili ya gazeti hilo, na mnamo 1894, The Dawn press ilichapisha kitabu cha kwanza cha Henry, Hadithi Fupi katika Nathari na Mstari. Karibu mwaka 1904, Louisa alichapisha kitabu chake mwenyewe, Dert and Do, hadithi rahisi yenye maneno 18,000.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Trove|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12297868|work=trove.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 1905, alikusanya na kuchapisha mashairi yake mwenyewe, The Lonely Crossing na Mashairi mengine.<ref>http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5749571</ref> Huenda Louisa alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika kazi ya fasihi ya mwanawe katika siku zake za mwanzo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1848|1920}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Australia]] hc80vghid7zzy5euqnyg5ibj09yyksz 0 234434 1541834 2026-05-13T12:53:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''João Ernesto dos Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Liberdade'''"''', ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini Angola. Kwa sasa, yeye ni mmoja wa mawaziri wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika serikali ya Rais João Lourenço.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWm4AAAAIAAJ&q=Jo%C3%A3o+Ernesto+dos+Santos+governor+moxico|title=Africa Research Bulletin: Political series|date=1991|publisher=Africa Research Limited|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] akxg1qvghvsuy3bdhaynl7f03ocv3os 1542181 1541834 2026-05-13T19:18:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542181 wikitext text/x-wiki '''João Ernesto dos Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Liberdade'''"''', ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini Angola. Kwa sasa, yeye ni mmoja wa mawaziri wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika serikali ya Rais João Lourenço.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWm4AAAAIAAJ&q=Jo%C3%A3o+Ernesto+dos+Santos+governor+moxico|title=Africa Research Bulletin: Political series|date=1991|publisher=Africa Research Limited|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] p0c0wyjilwb319ijf8jzxd5zj8nrkwv 0 234435 1541839 2026-05-13T12:58:26Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541839 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henrique de Carvalho Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa Henrique Onambwé, alikuwa mzalendo shupavu wa [[Angola]] na mmoja wa wasanifu wakuu wa utambulisho wa taifa hilo baada ya uhuru.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Luto: faleceu autor da bandeira de Angola|url=https://correiokianda.info/luto-faleceu-autor-da-bandeira-de-angola/|date=2023-10-15|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT|author=Redação}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] itcvhojwzvpcyolthuntyxv2eocb0j8 1542156 1541839 2026-05-13T19:01:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henrique de Carvalho Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa Henrique Onambwé, alikuwa mzalendo shupavu wa [[Angola]] na mmoja wa wasanifu wakuu wa utambulisho wa taifa hilo baada ya uhuru.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Luto: faleceu autor da bandeira de Angola|url=https://correiokianda.info/luto-faleceu-autor-da-bandeira-de-angola/|date=2023-10-15|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT|author=Redação}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] 72g51p3e3y5onk7oyrdthc6v9bzwgth 0 234436 1541843 2026-05-13T13:01:21Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541843 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Branca Manuel da Costa Neto do Espírito''' '''Santo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Angola ambaye amebobea katika masuala ya mipango miji na maendeleo ya makazi, akihudumu katika nafasi za juu za kimaamuzi nchini humo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=José Eduardo dos Santos remodela Governo|url=https://www.voaportugues.com/a/jose-eduardo-dos-santos-governo-angola-/3221152.html|work=Voice of America|date=2016-03-05|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] m74zcz639o5rtqfvhxb0kbb10dno5iw 0 234437 1541847 2026-05-13T13:06:23Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jorge Ornelas Isaac Sangumba''' alikuwa mwanadiplomasia kijana na mwenye akili nyingi ambaye alihudumu kama msemaji mkuu wa kimataifa wa chama cha '''UNITA''' wakati wa harakati za ukombozi na miaka ya kwanza ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini [[Angola]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Constance Hilliard|title=Jorge Sangumba: The Angola of my Dreams /A Angola dos Meus Sonhos|date=2012-11-16|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eELlKjVK8f4|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1982]] 6z9ixi1aat8vzgn38su6eb651zzndi7 0 234438 1541849 2026-05-13T13:08:55Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541849 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jenerali''' '''Rui''' '''de''' '''Sá''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa Jenerali Dibala, alikuwa mwanaharakati na mpiganaji shupavu wa uhuru wa [[Angola]] ambaye alitoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya kijeshi ya chama cha MPLA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Making sure you're not a bot!|url=https://nai.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:272713|work=nai.diva-portal.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 71mwlh3a4masfnighg9s26y6gpo4xxp 1542300 1541849 2026-05-13T21:22:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542300 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jenerali''' '''Rui''' '''de''' '''Sá''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa Jenerali Dibala, alikuwa mwanaharakati na mpiganaji shupavu wa uhuru wa [[Angola]] ambaye alitoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya kijeshi ya chama cha MPLA.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Making sure you're not a bot!|url=https://nai.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:272713|work=nai.diva-portal.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 9ywg2za8tew9r4evb00ema1ofyvxccq 0 234439 1541853 2026-05-13T13:12:04Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Romão de Oliveira e Silva''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanadiplomasia shupavu wa [[Angola]] ambaye alitumia maisha yake yote kupigania uhuru na utulivu wa nchi yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Francisco Romão suicidou-se devido a problemas financeiros|url=http://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/1682/francisco-romao-suicidou-se-devido-a-problemas-financeiros|work=ANGONOTÍCIAS|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2004]] 0xqv2f4yvllb98jq3t5esme54nv41ii 1542139 1541853 2026-05-13T18:49:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542139 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Romão de Oliveira e Silva''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanadiplomasia shupavu wa [[Angola]] ambaye alitumia maisha yake yote kupigania uhuru na utulivu wa nchi yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Francisco Romão suicidou-se devido a problemas financeiros|url=http://www.angonoticias.com/Artigos/item/1682/francisco-romao-suicidou-se-devido-a-problemas-financeiros|work=ANGONOTÍCIAS|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2004]] gctkm8ds6synmugtk9tjf0mhh11buaq 0 234440 1541857 2026-05-13T13:15:47Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541857 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José de Carvalho da Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Angola]] na mtaalamu wa teknolojia ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika mageuzi ya kidijitali nchini humo kabla ya kuingia katika utawala wa mikoa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RNA|url=https://rna.ao/rna.ao|work=rna.ao|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] fnz1mrh91n90y57hhhnc4z1haad4n0z 1542180 1541857 2026-05-13T19:18:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José de Carvalho da Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Angola]] na mtaalamu wa teknolojia ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika mageuzi ya kidijitali nchini humo kabla ya kuingia katika utawala wa mikoa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RNA|url=https://rna.ao/rna.ao|work=rna.ao|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 5527hv1d9no70pxgwdkheldkthocper 0 234441 1541861 2026-05-13T13:19:01Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541861 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José''' '''Carvalho''' '''da''' '''Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi wa [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na dori kubwa katika kuiletea nchi yake maendeleo ya kiteknolojia na kisiasa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angola - World Leaders|url=https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/angola|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3qk33a8rj2un5x4fyns5rgflo2ftrzc 1542178 1541861 2026-05-13T19:18:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José''' '''Carvalho''' '''da''' '''Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi wa [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na dori kubwa katika kuiletea nchi yake maendeleo ya kiteknolojia na kisiasa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola - World Leaders|url=https://www.cia.gov/resources/world-leaders/foreign-governments/angola|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pnpcbda8ori7wn8yibw02srlbuwnm2q 0 234442 1541863 2026-05-13T13:19:59Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Josefa Idem''' (ameolewa na '''Guerrini''';<ref>[http://www.senato.it/leg/17/BGT/Schede_v3/Attsen/00029112.htm Idem's profile on senato.it] {{in lang|it}}</ref> alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1964) ni mwanamichezo wa mbio za mitumbwi ([[Canoe sprint]]) na mwanasiasa wa [[Italia Kaskazini|Italia]] mwenye asili ya [[Ujerumani|Ujerumani.]] Alishiriki katika [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] mara nane na kushinda jumla ya medali tano. == Wasifu wa Michezo == Idem alianza kus...' 1541863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Josefa Idem''' (ameolewa na '''Guerrini''';<ref>[http://www.senato.it/leg/17/BGT/Schede_v3/Attsen/00029112.htm Idem's profile on senato.it] {{in lang|it}}</ref> alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1964) ni mwanamichezo wa mbio za mitumbwi ([[Canoe sprint]]) na mwanasiasa wa [[Italia Kaskazini|Italia]] mwenye asili ya [[Ujerumani|Ujerumani.]] Alishiriki katika [[Michezo ya Olimpiki]] mara nane na kushinda jumla ya medali tano. == Wasifu wa Michezo == Idem alianza kushiriki michezo ya Olimpiki akiwakilisha [[Ujerumani ya Magharibi]] (1984, 1988) kabla ya kuwa raia wa Italia na kuiwakilisha nchi hiyo kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2012. Katika kipindi cha kazi yake ya michezo iliyodumu kwa zaidi ya miongo mitatu, alishinda jumla ya medali 35 za kimataifa: * **Olimpiki:** Medali 5 (Dhahabu 1, Fedha 2, Shaba 2). * **Mashindano ya Dunia:** Medali 22 (Dhahabu 5, Fedha 9, Shaba 8). Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Italia kushinda Mashindano ya Dunia ya Mbira za Mitumbwi (ICF) na medali ya Olimpiki katika mchezo huo. Katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya ICF ya 2009, aliingia kwenye historia kwa kuwa mshindi wa medali mwenye umri mkubwa zaidi katika historia ya mashindano hayo. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Baada ya kustaafu michezo, Idem aliingia katika siasa kupitia Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD): * **Seneti:** Alichaguliwa kuwa [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2013. * **Waziri:** Mnamo Aprili 2013, aliteuliwa kuwa **Waziri wa Michezo na Sera za Vijana** katika serikali ya [[Enrico Letta]]. Hata hivyo, alijiuzulu nafasi hiyo mnamo Juni 2013 kufuatia mijadala kuhusu masuala ya kodi yanayohusiana na nyumba yake, ingawa aliendelea kuhudumu kama Seneta hadi mwaka 2018. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Idem, Josefa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] oxzgcxwtxigpfywhithmz3yyyfiny5x 0 234443 1541868 2026-05-13T13:23:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marianna Iorio''' (alizaliwa 21 Julai 1985) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307435&idLegislatura=18|title=IORIO Marianna - M5S|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Iorio alizaliwa mjini [[Maddaloni]], katik...' 1541868 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marianna Iorio''' (alizaliwa 21 Julai 1985) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307435&idLegislatura=18|title=IORIO Marianna - M5S|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Iorio alizaliwa mjini [[Maddaloni]], katika mkoa wa [[Caserta]]. Alihitimu shahada ya Uzamili katika Uchumi na Biashara katika Chuo Kikuu cha Naples Parthenope. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alifanya kazi katika sekta ya uhasibu na ushauri wa kibiashara. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Iorio alichaguliwa bungeni kupitia chama cha [[Five Star Movement]] (M5S). Wakati wa utumishi wake katika Baraza la Wawakilishi (2018–2022), alihudumu katika majukumu yafuatayo: * **Kamati ya Masuala ya Kijamii:** Alishiriki kikamilifu katika mijadala inayohusu ustawi wa jamii na mifumo ya hifadhi ya jamii. * **Kamati ya VI (Fedha):** Alihudumu kama mjumbe wa kamati hii, akijikita katika masuala ya kodi, bajeti, na usimamizi wa rasilimali za umma. Anajulikana kwa jitihada zake za kupigania uwazi katika matumizi ya serikali na kusaidia biashara ndogo na za kati katika mkoa wa Campania.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento18.openpolis.it/persone/marianna-iorio/249117|title=Marianna Iorio - Attività parlamentare|publisher=Openpolis|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Iorio, Marianna}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 90jg4w7zwhmrv8wryihczzeir23lkoe 0 234444 1541870 2026-05-13T13:24:53Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Aníbal Lopes Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe nchini [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika usimamizi wa serikali za mitaa na utawala wa mikoa kwa miongo kadhaa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angola|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Angola.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g8etikmg2ln7h2trpjfzus0lutad04a 1542177 1541870 2026-05-13T19:17:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Aníbal Lopes Rocha''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe nchini [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika usimamizi wa serikali za mitaa na utawala wa mikoa kwa miongo kadhaa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Angola.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gnw3x09kb3ei4yv72r0eckpypeksp23 0 234445 1541871 2026-05-13T13:26:09Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johny Asadoma''' (alizaliwa 8 Januari 1966, katika Denpasar) ni naibu gavana wa sasa wa mkoa wa East Nusa Tenggara na pia ni mwanamasumbwi wa zamani wa Indonesia. Baada ya kustaafu mchezo wa ndondi, Asadoma alijiunga na chuo cha polisi cha Indonesia na baadaye akawa afisa wa polisi. == Kazi ya ndondi == * Medali ya Shaba (flyweight) katika Mashindano ya Indonesian Golden Gloves 1982, Denpasar * Medali ya Dhahabu (flyweight) SEA Games 1983, [[Singapore]...' 1541871 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johny Asadoma''' (alizaliwa 8 Januari 1966, katika Denpasar) ni naibu gavana wa sasa wa mkoa wa East Nusa Tenggara na pia ni mwanamasumbwi wa zamani wa Indonesia. Baada ya kustaafu mchezo wa ndondi, Asadoma alijiunga na chuo cha polisi cha Indonesia na baadaye akawa afisa wa polisi. == Kazi ya ndondi == * Medali ya Shaba (flyweight) katika Mashindano ya Indonesian Golden Gloves 1982, Denpasar * Medali ya Dhahabu (flyweight) SEA Games 1983, [[Singapore]] * Medali ya Dhahabu, President's Cup 1984, [[Jakarta]] * Olimpiki za Majira ya Joto 1984: alishindwa kwa KO raundi ya 3 dhidi ya Héctor López (Mexico) katika raundi ya kwanza. == Kazi ya polisi == * Kamanda wa kikosi cha polisi cha Indonesia katika kikosi cha ulinzi wa amani cha [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] huko [[Darfur]], [[Sudan]] (Oktoba 2008) == Marejeo == * {{in lang|id}} [http://www.boxing-indonesia.com/2008/10/akbp-johny-asadoma-komandan-kontingen.html News about Johny Asadoma's Assignment in Sudan and Boxing Career - boxing-indonesia.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091828/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/as/johny-assadoma-1.html sports-reference] == Viungo vya nje == * {{in lang|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20101221073441/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/10/09/national-police-dispatch-personnels-sudan.html National Police to dispatch personnels to Sudan - thejakartapost.com] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Asadoma, Johny}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] trc6n3eqwaaj0g4x36s0kfqg822iwjq 1542448 1541871 2026-05-14T04:12:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johny Asadoma''' (alizaliwa 8 Januari 1966, katika Denpasar) ni naibu gavana wa sasa wa mkoa wa East Nusa Tenggara na pia ni mwanamasumbwi wa zamani wa Indonesia. Baada ya kustaafu mchezo wa ndondi, Asadoma alijiunga na chuo cha polisi cha Indonesia na baadaye akawa afisa wa polisi. == Kazi ya ndondi == * Medali ya Shaba (flyweight) katika Mashindano ya Indonesian Golden Gloves 1982, Denpasar * Medali ya Dhahabu (flyweight) SEA Games 1983, [[Singapore]] * Medali ya Dhahabu, President's Cup 1984, [[Jakarta]] * Olimpiki za Majira ya Joto 1984: alishindwa kwa KO raundi ya 3 dhidi ya Héctor López (Mexico) katika raundi ya kwanza. == Kazi ya polisi == * Kamanda wa kikosi cha polisi cha Indonesia katika kikosi cha ulinzi wa amani cha [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] huko [[Darfur]], [[Sudan]] (Oktoba 2008) == Marejeo == * {{in lang|id}} [http://www.boxing-indonesia.com/2008/10/akbp-johny-asadoma-komandan-kontingen.html News about Johny Asadoma's Assignment in Sudan and Boxing Career - boxing-indonesia.com] {{Wayback|url=http://www.boxing-indonesia.com/2008/10/akbp-johny-asadoma-komandan-kontingen.html |date=20210506132821 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091828/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/as/johny-assadoma-1.html sports-reference] == Viungo vya nje == * {{in lang|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20101221073441/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/10/09/national-police-dispatch-personnels-sudan.html National Police to dispatch personnels to Sudan - thejakartapost.com] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Asadoma, Johny}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ahom0k7fmi0mrwvuwalcbyhhy85phex 0 234446 1541874 2026-05-13T13:28:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ' '''Gloria Saccani Jotti''' (alizaliwa 24 Oktoba 1960) ni mwanasiasa na profesa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307304&idLegislatura=18|title=SACCANI JOTTI Gloria - FI|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Taaluma == Saccani Jotti ali...' 1541874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gloria Saccani Jotti''' (alizaliwa 24 Oktoba 1960) ni mwanasiasa na profesa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307304&idLegislatura=18|title=SACCANI JOTTI Gloria - FI|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Taaluma == Saccani Jotti alizaliwa mjini [[Reggio Emilia]]. Ni mtaalamu mbobezi na Profesa wa [[Patholojia]] ya Kliniki (Clinical Pathology) katika Chuo Kikuu cha Parma. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alijijengea wasifu mkubwa katika utafiti wa kisayansi na utibabu, hususan katika uchunguzi wa saratani. Pia amehudumu kama mjumbe wa bodi ya utawala ya shirika la AIFA (Wakala wa Dawa wa Italia), ambapo alichangia katika uratibu wa sera za usalama na udhibiti wa dawa nchini humo. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Saccani Jotti ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]]. Katika kazi yake ya kibunge: * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Alichaguliwa tena katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2022 (bunge la XIX). * **Kamati za Bunge:** Amekuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya VII (Utamaduni, Sayansi, na Elimu). Kutokana na usuli wake wa kitabibu, amekuwa sauti muhimu katika mijadala inayohusu ufadhili wa utafiti wa afya, mageuzi ya elimu ya juu, na masuala ya kinga dhidi ya magonjwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=307304&idLegislatura=19|title=SACCANI JOTTI Gloria - Forza Italia|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa jitihada zake za kuimarisha ushirikiano kati ya vyuo vikuu na sekta ya afya ili kuboresha huduma za utibabu nchini Italia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Saccani Jotti, Gloria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hkp7zumnbhakmpv58lx7530gr7guucd 0 234447 1541875 2026-05-13T13:28:22Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541875 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amélia''' '''Calumbo''' '''Quinta''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake nchini [[Angola]], akihudumu kama mbunge na kiongozi muhimu ndani ya chama tawala cha MPLA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Assembleia Nacional de Angola|url=https://parlamento.ao/|work=Assembleia Nacional|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=MPLA mourns the death of Amélia Quintas|url=https://www.africa-press.net/angola/all-news/mpla-mourns-the-death-of-amelia-quintas|work=Angola|date=2023-03-12|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=cfeditoren}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 7h4ak5npp0tfurv0lbs1pgwxvoy25lc 0 234448 1541876 2026-05-13T13:29:08Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oliverio Jesús Álvarez González''' (amezaliwa [[2 Aprili]], [[1972]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Oli''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]], na kwa sasa ni [[kocha]]. Alijulikana kwa ustadi wake na uwezo wa kufunga mabao, akikusanya jumla ya mechi 414 na mabao 110 katika misimu 14 kwenye [[La Liga]] na Segunda División, ambapo misimu tisa aliitumia katika ligi ya kw...' 1541876 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oliverio Jesús Álvarez González''' (amezaliwa [[2 Aprili]], [[1972]]), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Oli''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]], na kwa sasa ni [[kocha]]. Alijulikana kwa ustadi wake na uwezo wa kufunga mabao, akikusanya jumla ya mechi 414 na mabao 110 katika misimu 14 kwenye [[La Liga]] na Segunda División, ambapo misimu tisa aliitumia katika ligi ya kwanza hasa akiwa na Real Oviedo. Pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili katika miaka ya 1990.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://as.com/futbol/2019/05/30/mas_futbol/1559225727_169819.html|title=¿Qué fue de Oli? De contrastado goleador a los banquillos de 3ª|trans-title=What happened to Oli? From renowned scorer to 4th tier benches|newspaper=[[Diario AS]]|first=Nacho|last=Azparren Menéndez|language=es|date=30 May 2019|access-date=18 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1993/01/11/pagina-18/1473181/pdf.html|title=El Oviedo no supo transformar en dianas su apabullante dominio|trans-title=Oviedo could not turn overwhelming supremacy into goals|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=Luciano|last=García|language=es|date=11 January 1993|access-date=18 March 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1972|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 77nek8b4moxyb3sswvq40wg12wsmh2q 0 234449 1541880 2026-05-13T13:31:47Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541880 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Manuel Monteiro de Queiróz''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na [[mwanasheria]] mbobezi nchini [[Angola]], ambaye ameshika nafasi muhimu katika mfumo wa sheria na utawala wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government Officials {{!}} Angola|url=https://www.un.int/angola/angola/government-officials|work=www.un.int|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 66m3ieuohixwgmdkdosbidzr84ifegz 1542138 1541880 2026-05-13T18:49:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542138 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Manuel Monteiro de Queiróz''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na [[mwanasheria]] mbobezi nchini [[Angola]], ambaye ameshika nafasi muhimu katika mfumo wa sheria na utawala wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Government Officials {{!}} Angola|url=https://www.un.int/angola/angola/government-officials|work=www.un.int|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 65shc16f1oayjv1cf85iz5jpyuzrg5n 0 234450 1541881 2026-05-13T13:32:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herman Asaribab''' (10 Juni 1964 – 14 Desemba 2020) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi la [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Kamanda wa Kamandi ya Kijeshi ya Mkoa wa 17/Cenderawasih kuanzia Agosti 2019 hadi Novemba 2020, kabla ya kupandishwa cheo kuwa Naibu Mkuu wa Jeshi la Nchi Kavu la Indonesia. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Herman Asaribab alizaliwa 10 Juni 1964 mjini Jayapura, mji mkuu wa mkoa mpya ulioundwa wa West Irian. Wazazi wake wote wawili walitoka kabila l...' 1541881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herman Asaribab''' (10 Juni 1964 – 14 Desemba 2020) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi la [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Kamanda wa Kamandi ya Kijeshi ya Mkoa wa 17/Cenderawasih kuanzia Agosti 2019 hadi Novemba 2020, kabla ya kupandishwa cheo kuwa Naibu Mkuu wa Jeshi la Nchi Kavu la Indonesia. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Herman Asaribab alizaliwa 10 Juni 1964 mjini Jayapura, mji mkuu wa mkoa mpya ulioundwa wa West Irian. Wazazi wake wote wawili walitoka kabila la Biak Numfor. Alianza elimu yake ya msingi katika shule ya msingi ya YPK Senasaba (Senaba Christian Education Foundation) mjini Jayapura na alihitimu mwaka 1977. Kisha aliendelea katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Serikali namba 2 Jayapura, akihitimu mwaka 1981, na baadaye Shule ya Sekondari ya 414 Abepura, akihitimu mwaka 1984.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Riri|first=Andi|url=[https://www.wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303184551/https://wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|url-status=usurped|archive-date=3](https://www.wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303184551/https://wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|url-status=usurped|archive-date=3) Machi 2021|title=Pangdam Cenderawasih Reunian Bareng Teman SD, SMP dan SMA|access-date=15 Desemba 2020|website=[www.wartaplus.com|language=id](http://www.wartaplus.com|language=id)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] eas6hb3da85rkqkaxy0o8mceo80fzkd 1542157 1541881 2026-05-13T19:01:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herman Asaribab''' (10 Juni 1964 – 14 Desemba 2020) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi la [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Kamanda wa Kamandi ya Kijeshi ya Mkoa wa 17/Cenderawasih kuanzia Agosti 2019 hadi Novemba 2020, kabla ya kupandishwa cheo kuwa Naibu Mkuu wa Jeshi la Nchi Kavu la Indonesia. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Herman Asaribab alizaliwa 10 Juni 1964 mjini Jayapura, mji mkuu wa mkoa mpya ulioundwa wa West Irian. Wazazi wake wote wawili walitoka kabila la Biak Numfor. Alianza elimu yake ya msingi katika shule ya msingi ya YPK Senasaba (Senaba Christian Education Foundation) mjini Jayapura na alihitimu mwaka 1977. Kisha aliendelea katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Serikali namba 2 Jayapura, akihitimu mwaka 1981, na baadaye Shule ya Sekondari ya 414 Abepura, akihitimu mwaka 1984.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Riri|first=Andi|url=[https://www.wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303184551/https://wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|url-status=usurped|archive-date=3](https://www.wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303184551/https://wartaplus.com/read/9160/Pangdam-Cenderawasih-Reunian-Bareng-Teman-SD-SMP-dan-SMA|url-status=usurped|archive-date=3) Machi 2021|title=Pangdam Cenderawasih Reunian Bareng Teman SD, SMP dan SMA|access-date=15 Desemba 2020|website=[www.wartaplus.com|language=id](http://www.wartaplus.com|language=id)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ix3wh548b6xl8r0r47fg8q4d0btcih8 0 234451 1541883 2026-05-13T13:33:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Albert Luque Martos''' (amezaliwa [[11 Machi]], [[1978]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kushoto au [[mshambuliaji]]. Kariya yake ya kitaalamu ya miaka 14 ilihusishwa zaidi na [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] na [[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo]], na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 248 na mabao 61 katika [[La Liga]] ndani ya misimu 11. Pia alikuwa na vipindi vya kucheza katika [[Premier League]]...' 1541883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Luque Martos''' (amezaliwa [[11 Machi]], [[1978]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kushoto au [[mshambuliaji]]. Kariya yake ya kitaalamu ya miaka 14 ilihusishwa zaidi na [[RCD Mallorca|Mallorca]] na [[Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo]], na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 248 na mabao 61 katika [[La Liga]] ndani ya misimu 11. Pia alikuwa na vipindi vya kucheza katika [[Premier League]] ya Uingereza akiwa na Newcastle United F.C. na katika Eredivisie ya [[Uholanzi]] akiwa na AFC Ajax. Akiwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa [[Hispania]] katika nusu ya kwanza ya miaka ya 2000, Luque aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia 2002 na UEFA Euro 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sefutbol.com/que-es-albert-luque|title=Qué es de... Albert Luque|trans-title=What of... Albert Luque|publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]|language=es|date=14 July 2017|access-date=20 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elespanol.com/deportes/futbol/20220501/albert-luque-canterano-barca-mallorca-derecha-rubiales/668213188_3.html|title=Qué fue de Albert Luque: el canterano del Barça que pasó por el Mallorca y es mano derecha de Rubiales|trans-title=What happened to Albert Luque: the Barça youth player who had a spell in Mallorca and is Rubiales' right-hand man|newspaper=[[El Español]]|last=Castañeda|first=Ángela|language=es|date=1 May 2022|access-date=3 November 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1978|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 97t7o0rm3pynx69cqyspys7t38mx5oy 1541887 1541883 2026-05-13T13:34:05Z Christina Charles 71406 1541887 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Luque Martos''' (amezaliwa [[11 Machi]], [[1978]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kushoto au [[mshambuliaji]]. Kariya yake ya kitaalamu ya miaka 14 ilihusishwa zaidi na RCD Mallorca na Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo, na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 248 na mabao 61 katika [[La Liga]] ndani ya misimu 11. Pia alikuwa na vipindi vya kucheza katika Premier League ya Uingereza akiwa na Newcastle United F.C. na katika Eredivisie ya [[Uholanzi]] akiwa na AFC Ajax. Akiwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa [[Hispania]] katika nusu ya kwanza ya miaka ya 2000, Luque aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia 2002 na UEFA Euro 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sefutbol.com/que-es-albert-luque|title=Qué es de... Albert Luque|trans-title=What of... Albert Luque|publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]|language=es|date=14 July 2017|access-date=20 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elespanol.com/deportes/futbol/20220501/albert-luque-canterano-barca-mallorca-derecha-rubiales/668213188_3.html|title=Qué fue de Albert Luque: el canterano del Barça que pasó por el Mallorca y es mano derecha de Rubiales|trans-title=What happened to Albert Luque: the Barça youth player who had a spell in Mallorca and is Rubiales' right-hand man|newspaper=[[El Español]]|last=Castañeda|first=Ángela|language=es|date=1 May 2022|access-date=3 November 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1978|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] qexra9sjelk81pk0z57708enypec9zy 0 234452 1541886 2026-05-13T13:33:32Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sara Kelany''' (alizaliwa 8 Juni 1978) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy) ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=308904&idLegislatura=19|title=Kelany Sara – FdI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Kelany alizaliwa m...' 1541886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sara Kelany''' (alizaliwa 8 Juni 1978) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy) ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=308904&idLegislatura=19|title=Kelany Sara – FdI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Kelany alizaliwa mjini [[Formia]], katika mkoa wa [[Lazio]]. Baba yake ni raia wa [[Misri]] na mama yake ni raia wa Italia. Alihitimu shahada ya sheria na kufanya kazi kama wakili, akibobea katika masuala ya kisheria yanayohusu utawala na raia. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Kelany amekuwa mmoja wa sauti muhimu za chama cha Fratelli d'Italia katika masuala ya sheria na uhamiaji: * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022. Bungeni, ni mjumbe wa Kamati ya I inayoshughulikia Masuala ya Katiba, Baraza la Mawaziri, na Masuala ya Ndani. * **Idara ya Uhamiaji:** Mnamo Agosti 2023, aliteuliwa kuwa mkuu wa kitaifa wa idara ya uhamiaji ya chama cha Fratelli d'Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.temporeale.info/143667/argomenti/politica/fratelli-ditalia-la-deputata-sara-kelany-nuova-responsabile-nazionale-del-dipartimento-immigrazione.html|title=Fratelli d'Italia, la deputata Sara Kelany nuova responsabile nazionale del dipartimento immigrazione|work=Temporeale Quotidiano|date=27 August 2023|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Katika nafasi hii, anahusika na kuratibu sera za chama kuhusu usimamizi wa mipaka na sheria za ukimbizi. Anajulikana kwa msimamo wake wa kutetea uhamiaji wa kisheria huku akisisitiza umuhimu wa usalama wa taifa na udhibiti mkali wa mipaka ya Italia. Pia ni mshauri wa karibu wa Waziri Mkuu [[Giorgia Meloni]] katika masuala ya kisheria ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Kelany, Sara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5zu8y6wq03ri8rz2r2y0htnjyzjbpdo 0 234453 1541890 2026-05-13T13:35:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541890 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Santana André Pitra,''' anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Petroff'''"''', ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini Angola ambaye ameacha alama kubwa katika sekta ya usalama na michezo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Santana André Pitra (Petroff) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3808/santana-andre-pitra|work=www.africa-confidential.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iqz3mszob5gazoot8nuv0rb7frcag0e 1542303 1541890 2026-05-13T21:26:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542303 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Santana André Pitra,''' anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Petroff'''"''', ni [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini Angola ambaye ameacha alama kubwa katika sekta ya usalama na michezo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Santana André Pitra (Petroff) {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3808/santana-andre-pitra|work=www.africa-confidential.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b5l30nvweowukryxs6c4golwihzkj7t 0 234454 1541892 2026-05-13T13:37:58Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cándido Luis Agustín Gardoy Martín''' (amezaliwa [[21 Januari]], [[1921]] – amefariki [[13 Machi]], [[1992]]), anayejulikana kama '''Macala''', alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 66 na mabao 21 katika Segunda División ndani ya misimu sita akiwa na Real Zaragoza, Hércules CF na Gimnástica de Torrelavega. Katika [[La Liga]] alichezea klabu za At...' 1541892 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cándido Luis Agustín Gardoy Martín''' (amezaliwa [[21 Januari]], [[1921]] – amefariki [[13 Machi]], [[1992]]), anayejulikana kama '''Macala''', alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 66 na mabao 21 katika Segunda División ndani ya misimu sita akiwa na Real Zaragoza, Hércules CF na Gimnástica de Torrelavega. Katika [[La Liga]] alichezea klabu za Athletic Bilbao, Hércules, Real Madrid C.F. na Racing de Santander, akicheza mechi 177 na kufunga mabao 38 katika kariya ya miaka 15. ==Maisha ya awali== Macala alizaliwa [[Barcelona]]. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/en/players/candido-gardoy-martin|title=Macala|publisher=Athletic Bilbao}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/reial-madrid-catalans-barca-train-pilotari_1_1773097.html|title=Un pilotari, germans i nois del barri de Gràcia: els catalans del Madrid de Bernabéu|publisher=ara.cat}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1921|1992}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] hzz52f1gd86oj4qf80txed5g3mz98iz 1541939 1541892 2026-05-13T14:22:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cándido Luis Agustín Gardoy Martín''' ([[21 Januari]] [[1921]] – [[13 Machi]] [[1992]]), anayejulikana kama '''Macala''', alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 66 na mabao 21 katika Segunda División ndani ya misimu sita akiwa na Real Zaragoza, Hércules CF na Gimnástica de Torrelavega. Katika [[La Liga]] alichezea klabu za Athletic Bilbao, Hércules, Real Madrid C.F. na Racing de Santander, akicheza mechi 177 na kufunga mabao 38 katika kariya ya miaka 15. ==Maisha ya awali== Macala alizaliwa [[Barcelona]]. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/en/players/candido-gardoy-martin|title=Macala|publisher=Athletic Bilbao}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ara.cat/esports/reial-madrid-catalans-barca-train-pilotari_1_1773097.html|title=Un pilotari, germans i nois del barri de Gràcia: els catalans del Madrid de Bernabéu|publisher=ara.cat}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1921|1992}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] qmqqvp2yw9cflipq60vxztg3411qnm5 0 234455 1541894 2026-05-13T13:40:03Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541894 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Santana André Pitra''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Petroff'''"''', ni mwanasiasa mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini [[Angola]] ambaye ameacha alama kubwa katika sekta ya usalama na michezo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mar 07, 1971, page 4 - The Observer at Newspapers.com™|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/257836878/|work=Newspapers.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] so8jx28algty2fnmzvpt2uah462y1j8 1542173 1541894 2026-05-13T19:15:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542173 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Santana André Pitra''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Petroff'''"''', ni mwanasiasa mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini [[Angola]] ambaye ameacha alama kubwa katika sekta ya usalama na michezo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mar 07, 1971, page 4 - The Observer at Newspapers.com™|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/257836878/|work=Newspapers.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] 3fd72gipg3vd5dq5s1e79huv602258y 0 234456 1541897 2026-05-13T13:41:34Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antonio Maceda Francés''' (amezaliwa [[16 Mei]], [[1957]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Ingawa alikuwa beki wa kati, alijulikana pia kwa uwezo wake wa kufunga mabao. Alianza kariya yake na Sporting de Gijón na akaimaliza akiwa na Real Madrid CF, ambako alikumbwa sana na majeraha. Maceda alicheza mara 36 kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania na aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia mara mbili pamoja...' 1541897 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio Maceda Francés''' (amezaliwa [[16 Mei]], [[1957]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Ingawa alikuwa beki wa kati, alijulikana pia kwa uwezo wake wa kufunga mabao. Alianza kariya yake na Sporting de Gijón na akaimaliza akiwa na Real Madrid CF, ambako alikumbwa sana na majeraha. Maceda alicheza mara 36 kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania na aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia mara mbili pamoja na UEFA Euro 1984. <ref name=Vavel>{{cite web|url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2015/01/14/sporting-de-gijon/436996.html|title=Futbolistas de leyenda: Antonio Maceda|trans-title=Legendary footballers: Antonio Maceda|publisher=[[Vavel]]|first=Jorge|last=Tuñón|language=es|date=14 January 2015|access-date=5 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2016/09/sporting-de-gijon-197879-a-un-suspiro-de-la-gloria/|title=Sporting de Gijón 1978/79: A un suspiro de la gloria|trans-title=Sporting de Gijón 1978/79: Inches away from glory|publisher=Cuadernos de Fútbol|first=Julio|last=Jareño Pastor|language=es|date=1 September 2016|access-date=5 May 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1957|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] pvu6dxkscmd7rf5o19j0e6obaf80stt 0 234457 1541899 2026-05-13T13:43:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541899 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johnny Eduardo Pinnock''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri wa [[Angola]] na mwanadiplomasia mbobezi ambaye alishika nafasi ya kipekee katika historia ya mpito ya nchi hiyo kuelekea uhuru.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angola|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Angola.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] k0ctgjnvis69107dtc61abnx9rw89ds 1542176 1541899 2026-05-13T19:16:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542176 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johnny Eduardo Pinnock''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri wa [[Angola]] na mwanadiplomasia mbobezi ambaye alishika nafasi ya kipekee katika historia ya mpito ya nchi hiyo kuelekea uhuru.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Angola.html|work=www.worldstatesmen.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] jw8rt14qdwoi3tz6d5j8cpnjdmgq367 0 234458 1541902 2026-05-13T13:46:53Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''José Díaz Macías''' (amezaliwa [[20 Novemba]], [[1946]] – amefariki [[8 Desemba]], [[2006]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na CD Málaga, ambapo alicheza mechi 329 katika mashindano yote ndani ya misimu kumi, zikiwemo 178 za [[La Liga]]. Alichezea pia timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili mwaka 1973. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Madrid]], Mac...' 1541902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Díaz Macías''' (amezaliwa [[20 Novemba]], [[1946]] – amefariki [[8 Desemba]], [[2006]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na CD Málaga, ambapo alicheza mechi 329 katika mashindano yote ndani ya misimu kumi, zikiwemo 178 za [[La Liga]]. Alichezea pia timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili mwaka 1973. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Madrid]], Macías alikuwa mchezaji wa akademi ya [[Real Madrid]], ambao walimkopesha kwenye timu yao ya vijana ya Real Madrid Castilla. Aliwakilisha klabu hiyo katika Tercera División na pia alifanya majaribio na Real Madrid pamoja na Atlético Madrid kabla ya kusaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na CD Málaga mwaka 1970.<ref name=opinion>{{cite news |last1=Gámez |first1=Miguel |title=Macías, ex del Málaga, fallece a los 60 años|trans-title=Macías, ex-Málaga player, dies at 60|url=https://www.laopiniondemalaga.es/deportes/2006/12/10/macias-ex-malaga-fallece-60-29191780.html |access-date=10 September 2024 |work=La Opinión de Málaga |date=10 December 2006 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Váldez, autor de los goles, figura del equipo|trans-title=Váldez, author of the goals, figure of the team|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1973/05/03/pagina-4/984993/pdf.html |access-date=10 September 2024 |work=Mundo Deportivo |date=3 May 1973 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1946|2006}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] qe2wcedsrp8e9rh5y0frhj7mrs91sh0 1541941 1541902 2026-05-13T14:23:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Díaz Macías''' ([[20 Novemba]] [[1946]] – [[8 Desemba]] [[2006]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na CD Málaga, ambapo alicheza mechi 329 katika mashindano yote ndani ya misimu kumi, zikiwemo 178 za [[La Liga]]. Alichezea pia timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili mwaka 1973. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Madrid]], Macías alikuwa mchezaji wa akademi ya [[Real Madrid]], ambao walimkopesha kwenye timu yao ya vijana ya Real Madrid Castilla. Aliwakilisha klabu hiyo katika Tercera División na pia alifanya majaribio na Real Madrid pamoja na Atlético Madrid kabla ya kusaini mkataba wa miaka miwili na CD Málaga mwaka 1970.<ref name=opinion>{{cite news |last1=Gámez |first1=Miguel |title=Macías, ex del Málaga, fallece a los 60 años|trans-title=Macías, ex-Málaga player, dies at 60|url=https://www.laopiniondemalaga.es/deportes/2006/12/10/macias-ex-malaga-fallece-60-29191780.html |access-date=10 September 2024 |work=La Opinión de Málaga |date=10 December 2006 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Váldez, autor de los goles, figura del equipo|trans-title=Váldez, author of the goals, figure of the team|url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1973/05/03/pagina-4/984993/pdf.html |access-date=10 September 2024 |work=Mundo Deportivo |date=3 May 1973 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1946|2006}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] iyzx2ry4jm0zwwph9y68477kvkyd0ql 0 234459 1541905 2026-05-13T13:50:36Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''José María Maguregui Ibarguchi''' (amezaliwa [[16 Machi]], [[1934]] – amefariki [[30 Desemba]], [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] na [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya uchezaji== Alizaliwa [[Ugao-Miraballes]], [[Biscay]], Maguregui alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu mwaka 1952 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 na klabu kubwa ya [[Athletic Bilbao]] kutoka Basque Country (autonomous community). Katika m...' 1541905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José María Maguregui Ibarguchi''' (amezaliwa [[16 Machi]], [[1934]] – amefariki [[30 Desemba]], [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] na [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya uchezaji== Alizaliwa [[Ugao-Miraballes]], [[Biscay]], Maguregui alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu mwaka 1952 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 na klabu kubwa ya [[Athletic Bilbao]] kutoka Basque Country (autonomous community). Katika msimu wake wa kwanza wa 1952–53 La Liga, alicheza mechi 12 bila kufunga bao. Baadaye alikua mchezaji muhimu wa kikosi cha kwanza, akisaidia klabu kushinda ubingwa wa taifa wa 1956 na mataji matatu ya Copa del Rey ndani ya kipindi cha miaka minne.<ref name="DEATH">[http://www.marca.com/2013/12/30/futbol/equipos/athletic/1388392982.html Fallece Maguregui, exjugador y exentrenador del Athletic (Maguregui, former Athletic player and manager, dies)]; [[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]], 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084 "Maguregui ha sido lo más grande que ha tenido el fútbol de Almería" ("Maguregui was the greatest thing that ever happened to football in Almería")] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101080520/http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084|date=1 January 2014}}; La Voz de Almería, 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1934|2013}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 04cr9se029v7w0qdgf7f5bz0bpj641z 1541906 1541905 2026-05-13T13:51:00Z Christina Charles 71406 1541906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José María Maguregui Ibarguchi''' (amezaliwa [[16 Machi]], [[1934]] – amefariki [[30 Desemba]], [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] na [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya uchezaji== Alizaliwa Ugao-Miraballes, [[Biscay]], Maguregui alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu mwaka 1952 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 na klabu kubwa ya [[Athletic Bilbao]] kutoka Basque Country (autonomous community). Katika msimu wake wa kwanza wa 1952–53 La Liga, alicheza mechi 12 bila kufunga bao. Baadaye alikua mchezaji muhimu wa kikosi cha kwanza, akisaidia klabu kushinda ubingwa wa taifa wa 1956 na mataji matatu ya Copa del Rey ndani ya kipindi cha miaka minne.<ref name="DEATH">[http://www.marca.com/2013/12/30/futbol/equipos/athletic/1388392982.html Fallece Maguregui, exjugador y exentrenador del Athletic (Maguregui, former Athletic player and manager, dies)]; [[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]], 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084 "Maguregui ha sido lo más grande que ha tenido el fútbol de Almería" ("Maguregui was the greatest thing that ever happened to football in Almería")] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101080520/http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084|date=1 January 2014}}; La Voz de Almería, 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1934|2013}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] dfuarx6d15dihaovp4qg6tkc561s8v1 1541942 1541906 2026-05-13T14:24:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José María Maguregui Ibarguchi''' ([[16 Machi]] [[1934]] – [[30 Desemba]] [[2013]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] na [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya uchezaji== Alizaliwa Ugao-Miraballes, [[Biscay]], Maguregui alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu mwaka 1952 akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 na klabu kubwa ya [[Athletic Bilbao]] kutoka Basque Country (autonomous community). Katika msimu wake wa kwanza wa 1952–53 La Liga, alicheza mechi 12 bila kufunga bao. Baadaye alikua mchezaji muhimu wa kikosi cha kwanza, akisaidia klabu kushinda ubingwa wa taifa wa 1956 na mataji matatu ya Copa del Rey ndani ya kipindi cha miaka minne.<ref name="DEATH">[http://www.marca.com/2013/12/30/futbol/equipos/athletic/1388392982.html Fallece Maguregui, exjugador y exentrenador del Athletic (Maguregui, former Athletic player and manager, dies)]; [[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]], 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084 "Maguregui ha sido lo más grande que ha tenido el fútbol de Almería" ("Maguregui was the greatest thing that ever happened to football in Almería")] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101080520/http://www.lavozdealmeria.es/vernoticia.asp?IdNoticia=53084|date=1 January 2014}}; La Voz de Almería, 30 December 2013 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1934|2013}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 5cyvlm578o04vx336u3b4exu5v08dxd 0 234460 1541911 2026-05-13T13:55:22Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eduardo Manchón Molina''' (amezaliwa mjini [[Barcelona]] [[24 Julai]], [[1930]] - amefariki [[29 Septemba]], [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Ingawa alikuwa mchezaji mwenye mguu wa kushoto kwa asili, pia alikuwa hodari kwa mguu wa kulia na aliweza kucheza kama strika au kwenye upande wa kushoto kama winga wa kushoto.<ref name="man">FCBarcelona.cat: [https://archi...' 1541911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eduardo Manchón Molina''' (amezaliwa mjini [[Barcelona]] [[24 Julai]], [[1930]] - amefariki [[29 Septemba]], [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Ingawa alikuwa mchezaji mwenye mguu wa kushoto kwa asili, pia alikuwa hodari kwa mguu wa kulia na aliweza kucheza kama strika au kwenye upande wa kushoto kama winga wa kushoto.<ref name="man">FCBarcelona.cat: [https://archive.today/20130123042003/http://www.fcbarcelona.com/web/english/noticies/club/temporada10-11/09/29/n100929113201.html Eduard Manchón Dies]</ref><ref>weltfussball.de: [http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/primera-division-1950-1951-fc-barcelona-valencia-cf/ Primera Division 1950/1951 .:. 5. Spieltag]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1930|2010}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] qi4312d0mua1sh7m0gzgg2cliax0env 1541943 1541911 2026-05-13T14:24:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541943 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eduardo Manchón Molina''' ([[Barcelona]], [[24 Julai]] [[1930]] - [[29 Septemba]] [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Ingawa alikuwa mchezaji mwenye mguu wa kushoto kwa asili, pia alikuwa hodari kwa mguu wa kulia na aliweza kucheza kama strika au kwenye upande wa kushoto kama winga wa kushoto.<ref name="man">FCBarcelona.cat: [https://archive.today/20130123042003/http://www.fcbarcelona.com/web/english/noticies/club/temporada10-11/09/29/n100929113201.html Eduard Manchón Dies]</ref><ref>weltfussball.de: [http://www.weltfussball.de/spielbericht/primera-division-1950-1951-fc-barcelona-valencia-cf/ Primera Division 1950/1951 .:. 5. Spieltag]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1930|2010}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 0cjarh3nnmh4bvqjy2bx60jrk2mqjme 0 234461 1541912 2026-05-13T13:56:12Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elias Salupeto Pena''' alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi waandamizi na wenye ushawishi mkubwa ndani ya chama cha UNITA, akiwa na jukumu muhimu la kidiplomasia na kijeshi wakati wa mchakato wa amani wa mapema miaka ya 1990 nchini [[Angola]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Clashes Stall Angola Peace Effort|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1992/1110/10031.html|work=Christian Science Monitor|issn=0882-7729|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1992]] qy4quph2wbws6ky47g9s3cxdiuvumxk 0 234462 1541914 2026-05-13T13:59:13Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Javier Manjarín Pereda''' (amezaliwa [[31 Desemba]], [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Katika kariya yake ya miaka 17 ya kitaalamu, alijulikana kwa kasi yake na alicheza zaidi na Sporting de Gijón (misimu minne) na Deportivo de La Coruña (misimu sita), pia akicheza nchini Mexico katika miaka yake ya mwisho. Akiwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Hispania katikati hadi mw...' 1541914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Javier Manjarín Pereda''' (amezaliwa [[31 Desemba]], [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Katika kariya yake ya miaka 17 ya kitaalamu, alijulikana kwa kasi yake na alicheza zaidi na Sporting de Gijón (misimu minne) na Deportivo de La Coruña (misimu sita), pia akicheza nchini Mexico katika miaka yake ya mwisho. Akiwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Hispania katikati hadi mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990, Manjarín aliwakilisha nchi hiyo katika UEFA Euro 1996. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa Gijón, [[Asturias]], Manjarín alianza kucheza [[soka]] la kulipwa na klabu ya nyumbani Sporting de Gijón, akicheza mara ya kwanza katika msimu wa 1989–90 La Liga ambapo alicheza mechi 29 na kufunga mabao manne.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cadenaser.com/ser/2009/09/05/deportes/1252106889_850215.html|title=Qué fue de... Manjarín|trans-title=What happened to... Manjarín|publisher=[[Cadena SER]]|language=es|date=5 September 2009|access-date=19 February 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1993/07/18/deportes/742946420_850215.html|title=El Sporting traspasa a Manjarín al Deportivo|trans-title=Sporting transfer Manjarín to Deportivo|newspaper=[[El País]]|first=Mario|last=Bango|language=es|date=18 July 1993|access-date=19 February 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 78owhtcvp6bgl2y9xu2zlfsdl2abihn 0 234463 1541916 2026-05-13T14:00:26Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541916 wikitext text/x-wiki Jenerali '''Pedro Maria Tonha''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Pedalé'''"''', alikuwa mmoja wa makamanda wa kijeshi wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika historia ya [[Angola]]. Alihudumu kama mhimili mkuu wa ulinzi wa taifa katika kipindi cha misukosuko mikubwa ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VtIqAQAAMAAJ|title=Almanack for the Year of Our Lord ...|date=1996|publisher=J. Whitaker & Sons|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1995]] 0xixjxvx3jb6u1gbcjqt8jdyzolr2ey 1542287 1541916 2026-05-13T21:10:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542287 wikitext text/x-wiki Jenerali '''Pedro Maria Tonha''', anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kishujaa '''"'''Pedalé'''"''', alikuwa mmoja wa makamanda wa kijeshi wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi katika historia ya [[Angola]]. Alihudumu kama mhimili mkuu wa ulinzi wa taifa katika kipindi cha misukosuko mikubwa ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VtIqAQAAMAAJ|title=Almanack for the Year of Our Lord ...|date=1996|publisher=J. Whitaker & Sons|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1995]] 6wyev1mk3nq2crz8xalxu80h9w7hp1o 0 234464 1541920 2026-05-13T14:02:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Irene gari]] hadi [[Irene Gori]]: usahihi wa jina 1541920 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Irene Gori]] der5cv524h6b8bz19iv0rhir5jeol4v 0 234465 1541922 2026-05-13T14:04:44Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julião Mateus Paulo''', anayejulikana zaidi duniani kote kwa jina lake la kishujaa Dino Matrosse, ni mmoja wa vigogo na nguzo kuu za chama cha MPLA nchini [[Angola]]. Amekuwa mhusika mkuu katika siasa za nchi hiyo tangu enzi za harakati za ukombozi hadi ujenzi wa taifa la kisasa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angola Xyami - Notícias de Angola, de África e do Mundo - Eleições: Lista integral dos candidatos do MPLA, antigo PM Marcolino Moco fora, nova cara Akwá|url=http://www.angolaxyami.com/Eleicoes-em-Angola/Eleicoes-Lista-integral-dos-candidatos-do-MPLA-antigo-PM-Marcolino-Moco-fora-nova-cara-Akwa.html|work=www.angolaxyami.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=: Cfr. no fim da pág}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] 2pgxgq8zewtwg74qoo4i1xp0nlljr3j 1542183 1541922 2026-05-13T19:19:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542183 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julião Mateus Paulo''', anayejulikana zaidi duniani kote kwa jina lake la kishujaa Dino Matrosse, ni mmoja wa vigogo na nguzo kuu za chama cha MPLA nchini [[Angola]]. Amekuwa mhusika mkuu katika siasa za nchi hiyo tangu enzi za harakati za ukombozi hadi ujenzi wa taifa la kisasa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola Xyami - Notícias de Angola, de África e do Mundo - Eleições: Lista integral dos candidatos do MPLA, antigo PM Marcolino Moco fora, nova cara Akwá|url=http://www.angolaxyami.com/Eleicoes-em-Angola/Eleicoes-Lista-integral-dos-candidatos-do-MPLA-antigo-PM-Marcolino-Moco-fora-nova-cara-Akwa.html|work=www.angolaxyami.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=: Cfr. no fim da pág}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] nh5um6zf4w3bmvse8gnshzukq0qvs7n 0 234466 1541924 2026-05-13T14:06:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daniel Mañó Villagrasa''' (amezaliwa [[27 Februari]], [[1932]] – amefariki [[5 Agosti]], [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Valencia CF, ambapo alicheza mechi 285 na kufunga mabao 49. Alishinda Copa del Generalísimo mwaka 1954 na Inter-Cities Fairs Cup mwaka 1963. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara moja m...' 1541924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Mañó Villagrasa''' (amezaliwa [[27 Februari]], [[1932]] – amefariki [[5 Agosti]], [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Valencia CF, ambapo alicheza mechi 285 na kufunga mabao 49. Alishinda [[Copa del Generalísimo mwaka 1954 na Inter-Cities Fairs Cup mwaka 1963. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara moja mwaka 1955. ==Klabu== Mañó alizaliwa Sueca, [[Uhispania]] katika [[Mkoa]] wa [[Valencia]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji kadhaa wa eneo hilo waliotoka SD Sueca kujiunga na Valencia CF katikati ya karne ya 20.<ref name=emv>{{cite news |last1=Chilet |first1=Vicent |title=Fallece Mañó, el último exponente del gran Valencia de los suecanos|trans-title=Mañó, the last of the great Valencia of Sueca-born players, dies|url=https://www.levante-emv.com/valencia-cf/2024/08/06/daniel-mano-manyonet-fallece-mano-ultimo-exponente-valencia-de-sueca-106631935.html |access-date=9 October 2024 |work=[[Levante-EMV]] |date=6 August 2024 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Grecia, 2 - España B, 0|trans-title=Greece, 2 - Spain B, 0 |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1957/03/14/pagina-3/639825/pdf.html |access-date=9 October 2024 |work=Mundo Deportivo |date=14 March 1957 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1932|2024}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 4v9ufs635u1os0bu5fk6q22gqs4pvbd 1541945 1541924 2026-05-13T14:25:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541945 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Mañó Villagrasa''' ([[27 Februari]] [[1932]] – [[5 Agosti]] [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Valencia CF, ambapo alicheza mechi 285 na kufunga mabao 49. Alishinda [[Copa del Generalísimo mwaka 1954 na Inter-Cities Fairs Cup mwaka 1963. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara moja mwaka 1955. ==Klabu== Mañó alizaliwa Sueca, [[Uhispania]] katika [[Mkoa]] wa [[Valencia]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji kadhaa wa eneo hilo waliotoka SD Sueca kujiunga na Valencia CF katikati ya karne ya 20.<ref name=emv>{{cite news |last1=Chilet |first1=Vicent |title=Fallece Mañó, el último exponente del gran Valencia de los suecanos|trans-title=Mañó, the last of the great Valencia of Sueca-born players, dies|url=https://www.levante-emv.com/valencia-cf/2024/08/06/daniel-mano-manyonet-fallece-mano-ultimo-exponente-valencia-de-sueca-106631935.html |access-date=9 October 2024 |work=[[Levante-EMV]] |date=6 August 2024 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Grecia, 2 - España B, 0|trans-title=Greece, 2 - Spain B, 0 |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1957/03/14/pagina-3/639825/pdf.html |access-date=9 October 2024 |work=Mundo Deportivo |date=14 March 1957 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1932|2024}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] n83sm17u4tj5imoxi3z4yjbrta1dve8 0 234467 1541926 2026-05-13T14:07:56Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alberto Paulino''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Angola]] na mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama tawala cha '''MPLA'''. Amekuwa na mchango muhimu katika nyanja za kisheria na kikatiba nchini humo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Assembleia Nacional de Angola|url=https://parlamento.ao/|work=Assembleia Nacional|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] buyq9jfxj8bqrq373uucwevs5fj1dmo 0 234468 1541929 2026-05-13T14:11:43Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manuel Ríos Quintanilla''' (amezaliwa [[20 Mei]], [[1945]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]], anayejulikana kwa jina la utani '''Manolete''', ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alichezea klabu za Deportivo de La Coruña, Valencia CF na Hércules CF. Alitambuliwa zaidi kwa kariya yake yenye mchanganyiko wa mafanikio ya awali akiwa La Coruña, lakini baadaye alikumbwa na changamoto na misukosuko mbalimbali iliyomzuia kuf...' 1541929 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Ríos Quintanilla''' (amezaliwa [[20 Mei]], [[1945]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]], anayejulikana kwa jina la utani '''Manolete''', ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alichezea klabu za Deportivo de La Coruña, Valencia CF na Hércules CF. Alitambuliwa zaidi kwa kariya yake yenye mchanganyiko wa mafanikio ya awali akiwa La Coruña, lakini baadaye alikumbwa na changamoto na misukosuko mbalimbali iliyomzuia kufikia kiwango chake kamili cha uwezo. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili mwaka 1972. ==Klabu== Alianza kariya yake ya vijana akiwa na Perseverancio de Santo Tomás baada ya kucheza na klabu ya eneo lake iitwayo Promesas, kisha akaenda Deportivo Ciudad. Baadaye alivutia macho ya Deportivo de La Coruña na akasajiliwa kuichezea timu ya akiba ya Deportivo Fabril katika msimu wa 1961–62 Tercera División.<ref>{{Cite web|last=de la Cruz|first=Luis|date=4 January 2018|title="As dio a todos los equipos importancia y visibilidad"|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/01/04/primera/1515024315_923852.html|website=[[Diario AS]]|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="Fame Celeste">{{Cite web|date=6 February 2014|title=Manolete: Un infortunio que ni las meigas curaron.|url=https://www.forofameceleste.com/2014/02/manolete-un-infortunio-que-ni-las.html|website=Foro Fame Celeste|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="Celta">{{Cite web|date=8 September 2013|title=Grandes y pequeños jugadores del Celta de Vigo: MANOLETE|url=http://www.yojugueenelcelta.com/2013/09/manolete.html|website=Yo jugué en el Celta|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1945|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] d14abliv17hx5qa7g9kvs69fxopkd18 1542220 1541929 2026-05-13T20:03:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1542220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Ríos Quintanilla''' (amezaliwa [[20 Mei]], [[1945]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]], anayejulikana kwa jina la utani '''Manolete''', ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alichezea klabu za Deportivo de La Coruña, Valencia CF na Hércules CF. Alitambuliwa zaidi kwa kariya yake yenye mchanganyiko wa mafanikio ya awali akiwa La Coruña, lakini baadaye alikumbwa na changamoto na misukosuko mbalimbali iliyomzuia kufikia kiwango chake kamili cha uwezo. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara mbili mwaka 1972. ==Klabu== Alianza kariya yake ya vijana akiwa na Perseverancio de Santo Tomás baada ya kucheza na klabu ya eneo lake iitwayo Promesas, kisha akaenda Deportivo Ciudad. Baadaye alivutia macho ya Deportivo de La Coruña na akasajiliwa kuichezea timu ya akiba ya Deportivo Fabril katika msimu wa 1961–62 Tercera División.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=de la Cruz|first=Luis|date=4 January 2018|title="As dio a todos los equipos importancia y visibilidad"|url=https://as.com/futbol/2018/01/04/primera/1515024315_923852.html|website=[[Diario AS]]|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="Fame Celeste">{{Rejea tovuti|date=6 February 2014|title=Manolete: Un infortunio que ni las meigas curaron.|url=https://www.forofameceleste.com/2014/02/manolete-un-infortunio-que-ni-las.html|website=Foro Fame Celeste|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="Celta">{{Rejea tovuti|date=8 September 2013|title=Grandes y pequeños jugadores del Celta de Vigo: MANOLETE|url=http://www.yojugueenelcelta.com/2013/09/manolete.html|website=Yo jugué en el Celta|language=es-ES|access-date=24 October 2024}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1945|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] g9ojrmyxa5u9aavn7z8gayq2ttpewja 0 234469 1541930 2026-05-13T14:11:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541930 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adriano Meireles Patrocínio''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na daktari mbobezi nchini [[Angola]], ambaye amekuwa na dori muhimu katika nyanja za afya ya umma na uongozi wa bunge kupitia chama tawala cha MPLA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Assembleia Nacional de Angola|url=https://parlamento.ao/|work=Assembleia Nacional|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cvni0je4gblcb98cyxw3ojy57e1kmqb 0 234470 1541934 2026-05-13T14:16:00Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1333223633|Eileen Powell]]" 1541934 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Louisa Powell''' (3 Agosti 1913 &#x2013; 19 Julai 1997) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa Australia na [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa wanawake]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutetea viwanda huko [[New South Wales]]<ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}</ref> Alijiunga na Chama cha Labour cha Australia akiwa kijana mwaka wa 1928, na kuwa katibu msaidizi wa tawi la Stanmore la chama hicho mwaka wa 1929. <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm "Powell, Eileen"]. Australian Women's Register.</cite></ref> Alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa duka katika Grace Bros kwenye Broadway kabla ya kuwa mwandishi wa habari na ''Labor Daily.'' Alifanya kazi katika Ofisi Kuu ya Wafanyakazi kuanzia 1929 hadi 1936. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> Powell aliajiriwa na Umoja wa Reli wa Australia (ARU) kuanzia mwaka wa 1937, akifanya kazi kama mhariri halisi wa jarida, ''Reli.'' Mnamo 1938, ARU ilipeleka Idara ya Reli kwa Kamishna wa Upatanishi, kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na matokeo ya Powell wakati wa utafiti kuhusu vyumba vya kuburudisha reli vilivyotolewa kwa wafanyakazi wanawake. Kamishna aliwapa wanawake hao nyongeza ndogo ya mshahara lakini hakushughulikia masuala makubwa ya kesi hiyo. <ref name="Walshe" /> Wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Powell alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Kazi na Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Jumuiya ya Madola. Wanawake wakati huo walikuwa wakifanya kazi nyingi nyumbani, na Powell alikuwa muhimu katika uundaji wa Kitengo cha Ustawi wa Viwanda ili kusimamia mchakato huo. Kisha akarudi ARU, akiandaa kipindi maarufu cha redio cha kila siku kwenye Radio 2KY (1944 &#x2013; 52). Kisha aliteuliwa kuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Kamati ya Wataalamu wa Kazi ya Wanawake ya Shirika la Kazi Duniani na serikali ya Curtin, kwa pendekezo la Albert Monk, rais wa Baraza la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Australia <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Mnamo 1948, aliolewa na Fred Coleman-Browne, mwandishi wa habari wa ''Sydney Morning Herald.'' <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Powell aligombea bila mafanikio kama mgombea wa chama cha Labour kwa North Sydney katika uchaguzi wa shirikisho wa mwaka 1951. <ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871 "Powell, Eileen"]. ''Manuscripts, oral history and pictures''. [[State Library of New South Wales]].</cite></ref> Baadaye alitoa ushahidi katika Kesi ya Kitaifa ya Mishahara mnamo 1969, ambayo ilipitisha malipo sawa kwa kazi sawa, na akatunukiwa Nishani ya Jubilee ya Fedha mnamo 1977. Powell alifariki mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> 1r220v45yypq6ytlxtvkjl12bv914vg 1541936 1541934 2026-05-13T14:17:51Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Louisa Powell''' (3 Agosti 1913 &#x2013; 19 Julai 1997) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa Australia na [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa wanawake]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutetea viwanda huko [[New South Wales]]<ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}</ref> Alijiunga na Chama cha Labour cha Australia akiwa kijana mwaka wa 1928, na kuwa katibu msaidizi wa tawi la Stanmore la chama hicho mwaka wa 1929. <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa duka katika Grace Bros kwenye Broadway kabla ya kuwa mwandishi wa habari na ''Labor Daily.'' Alifanya kazi katika Ofisi Kuu ya Wafanyakazi kuanzia 1929 hadi 1936. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Powell aliajiriwa na Umoja wa Reli wa Australia (ARU) kuanzia mwaka wa 1937, akifanya kazi kama mhariri halisi wa jarida, ''Reli.'' Mnamo 1938, ARU ilipeleka Idara ya Reli kwa Kamishna wa Upatanishi, kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na matokeo ya Powell wakati wa utafiti kuhusu vyumba vya kuburudisha reli vilivyotolewa kwa wafanyakazi wanawake. Kamishna aliwapa wanawake hao nyongeza ndogo ya mshahara lakini hakushughulikia masuala makubwa ya kesi hiyo. <ref name="Walshe" /> Wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Powell alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Kazi na Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Jumuiya ya Madola. Wanawake wakati huo walikuwa wakifanya kazi nyingi nyumbani, na Powell alikuwa muhimu katika uundaji wa Kitengo cha Ustawi wa Viwanda ili kusimamia mchakato huo. Kisha akarudi ARU, akiandaa kipindi maarufu cha redio cha kila siku kwenye Radio 2KY (1944 &#x2013; 52). Kisha aliteuliwa kuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Kamati ya Wataalamu wa Kazi ya Wanawake ya Shirika la Kazi Duniani na serikali ya Curtin, kwa pendekezo la Albert Monk, rais wa Baraza la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Australia <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Mnamo 1948, aliolewa na Fred Coleman-Browne, mwandishi wa habari wa ''Sydney Morning Herald.'' <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Powell aligombea bila mafanikio kama mgombea wa chama cha Labour kwa North Sydney katika uchaguzi wa shirikisho wa mwaka 1951. <ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871 "Powell, Eileen"]. ''Manuscripts, oral history and pictures''. [[State Library of New South Wales]].</cite></ref> Baadaye alitoa ushahidi katika Kesi ya Kitaifa ya Mishahara mnamo 1969, ambayo ilipitisha malipo sawa kwa kazi sawa, na akatunukiwa Nishani ya Jubilee ya Fedha mnamo 1977. Powell alifariki mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} mk28gpam4qluzsf4aeugwu3zd9r37hq 1541948 1541936 2026-05-13T14:29:38Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Louisa Powell''' (3 Agosti 1913 &#x2013; 19 Julai 1997) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa Australia na [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa wanawake]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutetea viwanda huko [[New South Wales]]<ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}</ref> {{Infobox person|name=Eileen Powell|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=3 August 1913|tarehe ya kufa=19 July 1997|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake}} Alijiunga na Chama cha Labour cha Australia akiwa kijana mwaka wa 1928, na kuwa katibu msaidizi wa tawi la Stanmore la chama hicho mwaka wa 1929. <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa duka katika Grace Bros kwenye Broadway kabla ya kuwa mwandishi wa habari na ''Labor Daily.'' Alifanya kazi katika Ofisi Kuu ya Wafanyakazi kuanzia 1929 hadi 1936. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Powell aliajiriwa na Umoja wa Reli wa Australia (ARU) kuanzia mwaka wa 1937, akifanya kazi kama mhariri halisi wa jarida, ''Reli.'' Mnamo 1938, ARU ilipeleka Idara ya Reli kwa Kamishna wa Upatanishi, kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na matokeo ya Powell wakati wa utafiti kuhusu vyumba vya kuburudisha reli vilivyotolewa kwa wafanyakazi wanawake. Kamishna aliwapa wanawake hao nyongeza ndogo ya mshahara lakini hakushughulikia masuala makubwa ya kesi hiyo. <ref name="Walshe" /> Wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Powell alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Kazi na Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Jumuiya ya Madola. Wanawake wakati huo walikuwa wakifanya kazi nyingi nyumbani, na Powell alikuwa muhimu katika uundaji wa Kitengo cha Ustawi wa Viwanda ili kusimamia mchakato huo. Kisha akarudi ARU, akiandaa kipindi maarufu cha redio cha kila siku kwenye Radio 2KY (1944 &#x2013; 52). Kisha aliteuliwa kuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Kamati ya Wataalamu wa Kazi ya Wanawake ya Shirika la Kazi Duniani na serikali ya Curtin, kwa pendekezo la Albert Monk, rais wa Baraza la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Australia <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Mnamo 1948, aliolewa na Fred Coleman-Browne, mwandishi wa habari wa ''Sydney Morning Herald.'' <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Powell aligombea bila mafanikio kama mgombea wa chama cha Labour kwa North Sydney katika uchaguzi wa shirikisho wa mwaka 1951. <ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871 "Powell, Eileen"]. ''Manuscripts, oral history and pictures''. [[State Library of New South Wales]].</cite></ref> Baadaye alitoa ushahidi katika Kesi ya Kitaifa ya Mishahara mnamo 1969, ambayo ilipitisha malipo sawa kwa kazi sawa, na akatunukiwa Nishani ya Jubilee ya Fedha mnamo 1977. Powell alifariki mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} mjf73gea54o4lal5uu5oviwik37q9rr 1541949 1541948 2026-05-13T14:30:50Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Louisa Powell''' (3 Agosti 1913 &#x2013; 19 Julai 1997) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa Australia na [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa wanawake]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutetea viwanda huko [[New South Wales]]<ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}</ref> {{Infobox person|name=Eileen Powell|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=3 Agosti 1913|tarehe ya kufa=19 Julai 1997|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake}} Alijiunga na Chama cha Labour cha Australia akiwa kijana mwaka wa 1928, na kuwa katibu msaidizi wa tawi la Stanmore la chama hicho mwaka wa 1929. <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa duka katika Grace Bros kwenye Broadway kabla ya kuwa mwandishi wa habari na ''Labor Daily.'' Alifanya kazi katika Ofisi Kuu ya Wafanyakazi kuanzia 1929 hadi 1936. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Powell aliajiriwa na Umoja wa Reli wa Australia (ARU) kuanzia mwaka wa 1937, akifanya kazi kama mhariri halisi wa jarida, ''Reli.'' Mnamo 1938, ARU ilipeleka Idara ya Reli kwa Kamishna wa Upatanishi, kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na matokeo ya Powell wakati wa utafiti kuhusu vyumba vya kuburudisha reli vilivyotolewa kwa wafanyakazi wanawake. Kamishna aliwapa wanawake hao nyongeza ndogo ya mshahara lakini hakushughulikia masuala makubwa ya kesi hiyo. <ref name="Walshe" /> Wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Powell alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Kazi na Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Jumuiya ya Madola. Wanawake wakati huo walikuwa wakifanya kazi nyingi nyumbani, na Powell alikuwa muhimu katika uundaji wa Kitengo cha Ustawi wa Viwanda ili kusimamia mchakato huo. Kisha akarudi ARU, akiandaa kipindi maarufu cha redio cha kila siku kwenye Radio 2KY (1944 &#x2013; 52). Kisha aliteuliwa kuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Kamati ya Wataalamu wa Kazi ya Wanawake ya Shirika la Kazi Duniani na serikali ya Curtin, kwa pendekezo la Albert Monk, rais wa Baraza la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Australia <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Mnamo 1948, aliolewa na Fred Coleman-Browne, mwandishi wa habari wa ''Sydney Morning Herald.'' <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Powell aligombea bila mafanikio kama mgombea wa chama cha Labour kwa North Sydney katika uchaguzi wa shirikisho wa mwaka 1951. <ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871 "Powell, Eileen"]. ''Manuscripts, oral history and pictures''. [[State Library of New South Wales]].</cite></ref> Baadaye alitoa ushahidi katika Kesi ya Kitaifa ya Mishahara mnamo 1969, ambayo ilipitisha malipo sawa kwa kazi sawa, na akatunukiwa Nishani ya Jubilee ya Fedha mnamo 1977. Powell alifariki mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 40i2cl42f5xst03txrbi6a22c2o0svl 1541958 1541949 2026-05-13T14:36:57Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eileen Louisa Powell''' (3 Agosti 1913 &#x2013; 19 Julai 1997) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa Australia na [[Ufeministi|mwanaharakati wa wanawake]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutetea viwanda huko [[New South Wales]]<ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=State Library of New South Wales}}</ref> {{Infobox person|name=Eileen Powell|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=3 Agosti 1913|tarehe ya kufa=19 Julai 1997|uraia=Australia|kazi yake=Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake}} Alijiunga na Chama cha Labour cha Australia akiwa kijana mwaka wa 1928, na kuwa katibu msaidizi wa tawi la Stanmore la chama hicho mwaka wa 1929. <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Alifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa duka katika Grace Bros kwenye Broadway kabla ya kuwa mwandishi wa habari na ''Labor Daily.'' Alifanya kazi katika Ofisi Kuu ya Wafanyakazi kuanzia 1929 hadi 1936. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Powell aliajiriwa na Umoja wa Reli wa Australia (ARU) kuanzia mwaka wa 1937, akifanya kazi kama mhariri halisi wa jarida, ''Reli.'' Mnamo 1938, ARU ilipeleka Idara ya Reli kwa Kamishna wa Upatanishi, kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na matokeo ya Powell wakati wa utafiti kuhusu vyumba vya kuburudisha reli vilivyotolewa kwa wafanyakazi wanawake. Kamishna aliwapa wanawake hao nyongeza ndogo ya mshahara lakini hakushughulikia masuala makubwa ya kesi hiyo. <ref name="Walshe" /> Wakati wa [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia|Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]], Powell alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Kazi na Huduma ya Kitaifa ya Jumuiya ya Madola. Wanawake wakati huo walikuwa wakifanya kazi nyingi nyumbani, na Powell alikuwa muhimu katika uundaji wa Kitengo cha Ustawi wa Viwanda ili kusimamia mchakato huo. Kisha akarudi ARU, akiandaa kipindi maarufu cha redio cha kila siku kwenye Radio 2KY (1944 &#x2013; 52). Kisha aliteuliwa kuwa mwandishi wa habari wa Kamati ya Wataalamu wa Kazi ya Wanawake ya Shirika la Kazi Duniani na serikali ya Curtin, kwa pendekezo la Albert Monk, rais wa Baraza la Vyama vya Wafanyakazi la Australia <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}</ref> Mnamo 1948, aliolewa na Fred Coleman-Browne, mwandishi wa habari wa ''Sydney Morning Herald.'' <ref name="women">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0645b.htm|title=Powell, Eileen|publisher=Australian Women's Register}}</ref> Powell aligombea bila mafanikio kama mgombea wa chama cha Labour kwa North Sydney katika uchaguzi wa shirikisho wa mwaka 1951. <ref name="NSW">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871|title=Powell, Eileen|work=Manuscripts, oral history and pictures|publisher=[[State Library of New South Wales]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/item/itemDetailPaged.aspx?itemID=401871 "Powell, Eileen"]. ''Manuscripts, oral history and pictures''. [[State Library of New South Wales]].</cite></ref> Baadaye alitoa ushahidi katika Kesi ya Kitaifa ya Mishahara mnamo 1969, ambayo ilipitisha malipo sawa kwa kazi sawa, na akatunukiwa Nishani ya Jubilee ya Fedha mnamo 1977. Powell alifariki mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="Walshe">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/|author=Walshe|first=Jim|title=A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997|publisher=Australian Society for the Study of Labour History|accessdate=22 July 2013|archivedate=16 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFWalshe">Walshe, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110216182229/http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ "A Woman of Consequence: Eileen Powell 1913-1997"]. Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. Archived from [http://asslh.org.au/hummer/vol-2-no-9/eileen-powell/ the original] on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite></ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ofva0gdohox0lljg75b04r7bjfc7v8k 0 234471 1541937 2026-05-13T14:18:31Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manuel Martínez Canales''' (amezaliwa [[21 Mei]], [[1928]] – amefariki [[25 Julai]], [[2014]]), anayejulikana kama '''Manolín''', alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi== Alizaliwa [[Getxo]], Manolín alichezea klabu za daraja la kwanza kama Athletic Bilbao, Real Madrid C.F. na Real Zaragoza. Alistaafu mwaka 1960 baada ya kucheza pia kwa muda mfupi katika klabu za Segunda Divisi...' 1541937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Martínez Canales''' (amezaliwa [[21 Mei]], [[1928]] – amefariki [[25 Julai]], [[2014]]), anayejulikana kama '''Manolín''', alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi== Alizaliwa [[Getxo]], Manolín alichezea klabu za daraja la kwanza kama Athletic Bilbao, Real Madrid C.F. na Real Zaragoza. Alistaafu mwaka 1960 baada ya kucheza pia kwa muda mfupi katika klabu za Segunda División kama Recreativo de Huelva na SD Indautxu.<ref name="El País">{{cite web|url=http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2014/07/26/paisvasco/1406386211_234261.html |title=Manolín dies, former player of Athletic, Real Madrid and Zaragoza |work=El País |date=26 July 2014 |access-date=20 September 2014 |language=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aragondigital.es/noticia.asp?notid=122718&secid=15|title=Fallece el exjugador del Zaragoza Manuel Martínez, "Manolín"|date=26 July 2014|access-date=28 July 2014|language=es|publisher=Aragon Digital}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1928|2014}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] j9n221mmus9dvis56g2mk9f6by4zpoz 1541946 1541937 2026-05-13T14:27:15Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1541946 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Martínez Canales''' ([[21 Mei]] [[1928]] – [[25 Julai]] [[2014]]), anayejulikana kama '''Manolín''', alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi== Alizaliwa [[Getxo]], Manolín alichezea klabu za daraja la kwanza kama Athletic Bilbao, Real Madrid C.F. na Real Zaragoza. Alistaafu mwaka 1960 baada ya kucheza pia kwa muda mfupi katika klabu za Segunda División kama Recreativo de Huelva na SD Indautxu.<ref name="El País">{{cite web|url=http://ccaa.elpais.com/ccaa/2014/07/26/paisvasco/1406386211_234261.html |title=Manolín dies, former player of Athletic, Real Madrid and Zaragoza |work=El País |date=26 July 2014 |access-date=20 September 2014 |language=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aragondigital.es/noticia.asp?notid=122718&secid=15|title=Fallece el exjugador del Zaragoza Manuel Martínez, "Manolín"|date=26 July 2014|access-date=28 July 2014|language=es|publisher=Aragon Digital}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1928|2014}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] f14u2fe8z54ef0vkb5696xupqan5dt0 0 234472 1541955 2026-05-13T14:34:59Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Patrício''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] mwandamizi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuitangaza Angola kwenye majukwaa ya kimataifa, hasa wakati nchi hiyo ilipokuwa ikitafuta kuimarisha amani na usalama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artnet.com/artists/jos%C3%A9-patr%C3%ADcio/|work=www.artnet.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] c7ntqh8szy4c3jmrm9fzy0u6tjhkez1 1542179 1541955 2026-05-13T19:18:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542179 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Patrício''' ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] mwandamizi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Angola]] ambaye amekuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuitangaza Angola kwenye majukwaa ya kimataifa, hasa wakati nchi hiyo ilipokuwa ikitafuta kuimarisha amani na usalama.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.artnet.com/artists/jos%C3%A9-patr%C3%ADcio/|work=www.artnet.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cfztshxd4iloextob3knrjbzr5kcj22 0 234473 1541961 2026-05-13T14:38:34Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kundi Paihama''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini [[Angola]], akijulikana kama mmoja wa watu wenye ushawishi mkubwa na msimamo mkali ndani ya chama tawala cha MPLA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morreu Kundi Paihama|url=https://jornalf8.net/2020/morreu-kundi-paihama/|work=Jornal Folha 8|date=2020-07-24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT|author=Redacção F8}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] c70k7il9fc4lolpjf4n6sryfyz3p6ig 1542206 1541961 2026-05-13T19:49:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kundi Paihama''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mkongwe na kiongozi wa kijeshi nchini [[Angola]], akijulikana kama mmoja wa watu wenye ushawishi mkubwa na msimamo mkali ndani ya chama tawala cha MPLA.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Morreu Kundi Paihama|url=https://jornalf8.net/2020/morreu-kundi-paihama/|work=Jornal Folha 8|date=2020-07-24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT|author=Redacção F8}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] q0mxtlsatkz0brrmw06h55kqesr2591 0 234474 1541967 2026-05-13T14:41:36Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Pedro Pacavira''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], [[mwanadiplomasia]], na mwandishi mashuhuri nchini Angola, ambaye alitumia maisha yake yote kuitumikia nchi yake katika nyanja mbalimbali za kitaifa na kimataifa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morreu o nacionalista Manuel Pedro Pacavira|url=https://www.novojornal.co.ao/politica/detalhe/morreu-o-nacionalista-manuel-pedro-pacavira-10686.html|work=Novo Jornal|date=2016-09-12|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt|author=Nova Vaga}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] r43x5ph5tou44waornkf840yt045f79 1542221 1541967 2026-05-13T20:03:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Pedro Pacavira''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], [[mwanadiplomasia]], na mwandishi mashuhuri nchini Angola, ambaye alitumia maisha yake yote kuitumikia nchi yake katika nyanja mbalimbali za kitaifa na kimataifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Morreu o nacionalista Manuel Pedro Pacavira|url=https://www.novojornal.co.ao/politica/detalhe/morreu-o-nacionalista-manuel-pedro-pacavira-10686.html|work=Novo Jornal|date=2016-09-12|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt|author=Nova Vaga}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] 1drp6xoujdfrzfyyz2z38s7hgl1rqi6 0 234475 1541972 2026-05-13T14:42:37Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manuel Pablo García Díaz''' (amezaliwa [[25 Januari]], [[1976]]), anayejulikana kama '''Manuel Pablo''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kulia na kwa sasa ni [[kocha]] wa Deportivo Fabril. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Deportivo de La Coruña, akicheza mechi 482 rasmi na kushinda 1999–2000 La Liga. Alijulikana kwa stamina yake kubwa, na pia alichezea timu ya taif...' 1541972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuel Pablo García Díaz''' (amezaliwa [[25 Januari]], [[1976]]), anayejulikana kama '''Manuel Pablo''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kulia na kwa sasa ni [[kocha]] wa Deportivo Fabril. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Deportivo de La Coruña, akicheza mechi 482 rasmi na kushinda 1999–2000 La Liga. Alijulikana kwa stamina yake kubwa, na pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara 13.<ref>[https://www.eldesmarque.com/futbol/deportivo-coruna/20160707/el-teresa-herrera-de-manuel-pablo_30002413.html El Teresa Herrera de Manuel Pablo (Manuel Pablo's Teresa Herrera)]; El Desmarque, 7 July 2016 (in Spanish)</ref><ref name=TA>[https://www.tintaamarilla.es/noticia/2016/07/07/159/20507-Manuel_Pablo_ya_es_historia_de_la_UD_y_del_Deportivo/ Manuel Pablo ya es historia de la UD y del Deportivo (Manuel Pablo is already history at UD and Deportivo)]; Tinta Amarilla, 7 July 2016 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1976|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] jjm33kdyq71gp3l3vo9omzfyfxw5aav 0 234476 1541976 2026-05-13T14:45:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541976 wikitext text/x-wiki Jenerali '''Geraldo Sachipengo Nunda''' ni mmoja wa wanajeshi na [[wanadiplomasia]] wenye heshima kubwa nchini [[Angola]],anayejulikana kwa taaluma yake ya juu ya kijeshi na mchango wake katika kuunganisha taifa baada ya vita.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angola drops graft charges against ex-army chief|url=https://www.news24.com/africa/news/angola-drops-graft-charges-against-ex-army-chief-20180920|work=News24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] byh6pgqxt39o6znk0slsxrg4332lezt 1542148 1541976 2026-05-13T18:53:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542148 wikitext text/x-wiki Jenerali '''Geraldo Sachipengo Nunda''' ni mmoja wa wanajeshi na [[wanadiplomasia]] wenye heshima kubwa nchini [[Angola]],anayejulikana kwa taaluma yake ya juu ya kijeshi na mchango wake katika kuunganisha taifa baada ya vita.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Angola drops graft charges against ex-army chief|url=https://www.news24.com/africa/news/angola-drops-graft-charges-against-ex-army-chief-20180920|work=News24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ghcyxoaqmp6jopxv4vq7845zy8hygnj 0 234477 1541977 2026-05-13T14:47:15Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''José Luis Fernández Manzanedo''' (amezaliwa [[20 Februari]], [[1956]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[golikipa]]. Alicheza mechi 161 za [[La Liga]] kwa klabu za Burgos CF (1936), Valencia CF na CE Sabadell FC katika kipindi cha miaka 12. Akiwa na Valencia, alishinda Copa del Rey na UEFA Cup Winners' Cup katika misimu miwili mfululizo, pamoja na Ricardo Zamora Trophy ya golikipa bo...' 1541977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Luis Fernández Manzanedo''' (amezaliwa [[20 Februari]], [[1956]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[golikipa]]. Alicheza mechi 161 za [[La Liga]] kwa klabu za Burgos CF (1936), Valencia CF na CE Sabadell FC katika kipindi cha miaka 12. Akiwa na Valencia, alishinda Copa del Rey na UEFA Cup Winners' Cup katika misimu miwili mfululizo, pamoja na Ricardo Zamora Trophy ya golikipa bora wa msimu wa 1978–79 La Liga. Baada ya kwenda na timu ya taifa ya Hispania chini ya miaka 23 kwenye Olimpiki ya 1976, alicheza mechi moja kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania mwaka 1977.<ref>{{cite news |last1=García |first1=Diego |title=El Burgos CF, una leyenda de los 70|trans-title=Burgos CF, a 1970s legend|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/mas-futbol/2017/12/25/5a3e8b5c268e3e784c8b457b.html |access-date=11 September 2024 |work=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |date=25 December 2017 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ortega |first1=José Miguel |title=Manzanedo: internacional en el Valencia, suplente en el Real Valladolid|trans-title=Manzanedo: international at Valencia, substitute at Real Valladolid |url=https://www.elnortedecastilla.es/realvalladolid/manzanedo-internacional-valencia-20230128180035-nt.html |access-date=11 September 2024 |work=[[El Norte de Castilla]] |date=28 January 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] iekquox01rpphqj5o4pubnbupr5qsge 0 234478 1541980 2026-05-13T14:48:31Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541980 wikitext text/x-wiki Jenerali '''Geraldo Sachipengo Nunda''' ni mmoja wa wanajeshi na [[wanadiplomasia]] wenye heshima kubwa nchini [[Angola]], anayejulikana kwa taaluma yake ya juu ya kijeshi na mchango wake katika kuunganisha taifa baada ya vita.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Ntongi-Nzinga|url=https://grokipedia.com/page/daniel_ntongi_nzinga|work=Grokipedia|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fk69mnwmyr8mtru3vgra2k8upiwvtjp 1541986 1541980 2026-05-13T14:51:32Z Don Malya 61486 1541986 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga''' ni mmoja wa wanaharakati wa amani na viongozi wa kidini wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi nchini [[Angola]]. Alijipatia sifa kwa juhudi zake zisizoyumba za kutafuta suluhu ya amani wakati wa miaka ya mwisho ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini humo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Ntongi-Nzinga|url=https://grokipedia.com/page/daniel_ntongi_nzinga|work=Grokipedia|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] st4zvyukc606binws4sdctnaldimhzb 1542108 1541986 2026-05-13T18:31:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542108 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga''' ni mmoja wa wanaharakati wa amani na viongozi wa kidini wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi nchini [[Angola]]. Alijipatia sifa kwa juhudi zake zisizoyumba za kutafuta suluhu ya amani wakati wa miaka ya mwisho ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini humo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daniel Ntongi-Nzinga|url=https://grokipedia.com/page/daniel_ntongi_nzinga|work=Grokipedia|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1946]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kefpws736mxbr5unn6lbqrzb2s2v1sr 0 234479 1541981 2026-05-13T14:48:55Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1288202938|Millicent Preston-Stanley]]" 1541981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Member of the [[New South Wales Parliament]] for [[Electoral district of Eastern Suburbs (New South Wales)|Eastern Suburbs]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Constituency abolished|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Politician|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia.{{Efn|[[Edith Cowan]] entered the [[Legislative Assembly of Western Australia]] in 1921; [[May Holman]] entered the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia on 3 April 1925 two months before Millicent Preston-Stanley was elected, but on the Opposition benches.}} Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/ "Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27"]. ''Australian Women's History Forum''. Archived from [http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/ the original] on 31 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite></ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. sg89ndmfpe19511ymfj9fuc51drmirk 1541985 1541981 2026-05-13T14:51:26Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Member of the [[New South Wales Parliament]] for [[Electoral district of Eastern Suburbs (New South Wales)|Eastern Suburbs]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Constituency abolished|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Politician|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia.{{Efn|[[Edith Cowan]] entered the [[Legislative Assembly of Western Australia]] in 1921; [[May Holman]] entered the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia on 3 April 1925 two months before Millicent Preston-Stanley was elected, but on the Opposition benches.}} Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} mjenqxiztniyb22n7w93fjq9xb2jqid 1541988 1541985 2026-05-13T14:52:43Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Member of the [[New South Wales Parliament]] for [[Electoral district of Eastern Suburbs (New South Wales)|Eastern Suburbs]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Constituency abolished|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Politician|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 8xpuksvmqfjk88d2l3oe2puuez2s9d6 1541991 1541988 2026-05-13T14:55:49Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 22flats4il320cfc556c2rmzc18z2u9 1541997 1541991 2026-05-13T15:00:52Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1541997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934) Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia, mama yake alipata talaka na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} adn4o6epg03wgigc15jnssymh0shwsg 1542000 1541997 2026-05-13T15:03:19Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia, mama yake alipata talaka na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} harfhufpph8sc05mtqclozpc3828rxa 1542003 1542000 2026-05-13T15:05:57Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} fggc4vhdm7s3ec3zg92rrnxlmm8bhz7 1542007 1542003 2026-05-13T15:08:38Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} mf8ve3th6k6kdsgfjov83rdky7gxtap 1542008 1542007 2026-05-13T15:10:06Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} mb0e81yjyx6ip7ch5qb59fkdtb59r3q 1542011 1542008 2026-05-13T15:12:39Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919), ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ls9r5cdnpnbzvr1l73djkoefxt4wg6g 1542013 1542011 2026-05-13T15:14:43Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919), ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 5vdeiy8156s7zz6mq6urs677ltcf1on 1542016 1542013 2026-05-13T15:17:47Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 1z6bl5fj0ns1cn210pye2ech45v7djd 1542018 1542016 2026-05-13T15:20:01Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 4hk9ydq8rn1pfkh802n94tc9t3zaam6 1542024 1542018 2026-05-13T15:26:24Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 5lgaalkow45e2mmpvfdscwv7z8ns7b8 1542027 1542024 2026-05-13T15:30:15Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes. Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa, (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano), lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 9uyjj24qs76uyw4yrwcnbf96oxoa28s 1542029 1542027 2026-05-13T15:32:14Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes. Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa, (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano), lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo. Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora. Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 55ha00h65f8xihjq50rkvkf1u7nraql 1542030 1542029 2026-05-13T15:34:35Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa, (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano), lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo. Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora. Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} e7kl99vxpxxkigaewpfuv9noy7lzsl7 1542032 1542030 2026-05-13T15:36:27Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano), lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo. Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora. Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} lt2h3enepqxbfcgwlieyr1fcrlsn7in 1542034 1542032 2026-05-13T15:38:30Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246447056</ref> lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo. Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora. Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ksf1gbjrtlre8s33zy4ekrp6zgt8v58 1542036 1542034 2026-05-13T15:40:27Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246447056</ref> lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Millicent PRESTON-STANLEY (1883 - 1955)|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/Pages/former-member-details.aspx?pk=1394|work=www.parliament.nsw.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora. Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} l3f3csqh7qu3ayxrv3i1b3h47knhu3t 1542038 1542036 2026-05-13T15:42:12Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246447056</ref> lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Millicent PRESTON-STANLEY (1883 - 1955)|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/Pages/former-member-details.aspx?pk=1394|work=www.parliament.nsw.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Making sure you're not a bot!|url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20050316130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/40956/20050317-0000/www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE1021b.htm|work=webarchive.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 6vvbokvnis9rxemy5mhmwc8skty1qnx 1542040 1542038 2026-05-13T15:45:33Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246447056</ref> lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss Millicent PRESTON-STANLEY (1883 - 1955)|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/Pages/former-member-details.aspx?pk=1394|work=www.parliament.nsw.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Making sure you're not a bot!|url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20050316130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/40956/20050317-0000/www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE1021b.htm|work=webarchive.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044008if_/https://api.parliament.nsw.gov.au/api/hansard/search/daily/searchablepdf/HANSARD-290296563-4349</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 1x7sx9x9tjftrfx9yudblb94m6g5319 1542244 1542040 2026-05-13T20:18:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1542244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|image=Millicent Stanley.jpg|caption=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley|office=Mbunge wa [[Bunge la New South Wales]] kwa [[Wilaya ya Uchaguzi ya Vitongoji vya Mashariki (New South Wales)|Vitongoji vya Mashariki]]|predecessor=[[Charles Oakes]]|successor=Jimbo lilivunjwa|name=|birth_date={{birth date|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Sydney]], Australia|death_date={{death date and age|1955|6|23|1883|9|9|df=yes}}|occupation=Mwanasiasa|party=[[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist]]|awards=}}'''Millicent Preston-Stanley''' (9 Septemba 1883 - 23 Juni 1955) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Ufeministi|wa haki za wanawake]] na mwanasiasa wa Australia ambaye alihudumu kama mwanamke wa kwanza katika Bunge la New South Wales. Mnamo 1925, akawa mwanamke wa pili kuingia serikalini nchini Australia. Pia alikuwa miongoni mwa wanawake wa kwanza huko New South Wales kuwa Waamuzi wa Amani na alitumikia kama rais wa Chama cha Wanawake wa Waamuzi wa New South Wales kutoka 1923 hadi 1926.<ref name="wh">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Preston Stanley, MLA NSW 1925-27|url=http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|work=Australian Women's History Forum|accessdate=31 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031055642/http://womenshistory.net.au/2009/02/03/millicent-preston-stanley-mla-nsw-1925-27/|archivedate=31 October 2014}}</ref> Katika maisha yake yote, Preston-Stanley alifanya harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake, mageuzi ya afya na kiasi. ==Maisha binafsi== Millicent Fanny Stanley alizaliwa Sydney mwaka 1883. Alikuwa binti wa Augustine Gregory Stanley, muuza mboga, na mkewe Fanny Ellen Stanley (aliyezaliwa Preston) (karibu 1859 - 9 Septemba 1934)<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17086951</ref> Baada ya baba yake kuiacha familia,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236105870</ref> mama yake alipata talaka<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article227101636</ref> na akachukua jina la ukoo "Preston-Stanley" kwa ajili yake na binti yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Millicent Fanny Preston-Stanley Vaughan, b. 1883|url=http://www.portrait.gov.au/people/millicent-fanny-preston-stanley-vaughan-1883/|work=National Portrait Gallery people|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alikuwa na angalau kaka mmoja, Victor Charles Preston-Stanley (aliyefariki tarehe 26 Juni 1919),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239601412</ref> ambaye alikuwa baba wa Meja Preston-Stanley na Betty Preston-Stanley aliyemuoa Meja John Gray, na Joan Preston-Stanley. Preston-Stanley alifunga ndoa na Crawford Vaughan, Waziri Mkuu wa zamani wa Australia Kusini, mnamo 1934. Alifariki tarehe 23 Juni 1955 katika kitongoji cha Randwick huko Sydney kutokana na ugonjwa wa ubongo.<ref>{{Citation|last=Radi|first=Heather|title=Millicent Fanny Preston Stanley (1883–1955)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/preston-stanley-millicent-fanny-8107|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Kazi ya Siasa== Kufikia mwaka wa 1906 Preston Stanley alikuwa mjumbe wa baraza la Ligi ya Wanawake ya Liberal ya N.S.W. wakati rais/katibu wake alikuwa Bi. Molyneux Parkes.<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372318</ref> Zabuni yake ya mwaka 1922 ya kugombea moja kati ya viti vinne vya Kitongoji cha Mashariki vyenye wanachama wengi katika Bunge la New South Wales ilishindwa,<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223941746</ref> (baada ya kushika nafasi ya tano kwenye tiketi ya Muungano),<ref>http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246447056</ref> lakini mnamo Mei 1925 alifanikiwa, akishinda kiti cha Chama cha Kizalendo, kimojawapo cha watangulizi wa kihistoria wa Chama cha Liberal cha leo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Miss Millicent PRESTON-STANLEY (1883 - 1955)|url=https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/formermembers/Pages/former-member-details.aspx?pk=1394|work=www.parliament.nsw.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alipigania kupunguzwa kwa vifo vya akina mama, mageuzi katika ustawi wa watoto, marekebisho ya Sheria ya Afya, na makazi bora.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Making sure you're not a bot!|url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20050316130000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/40956/20050317-0000/www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE1021b.htm|work=webarchive.nla.gov.au|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alitoa hotuba yake ya uzinduzi kwa Bunge la New South Wales mnamo tarehe 26 Agosti 1925, akitumia fursa hiyo kuwahutubia wale wenzake ambao hawakuamini kwamba wanawake wana jukumu katika siasa<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044008if_/https://api.parliament.nsw.gov.au/api/hansard/search/daily/searchablepdf/HANSARD-290296563-4349</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 3gjxktnk241ezccrquszlqmdf6ygxdm 3 234480 1541984 2026-05-13T14:51:04Z Ternarius 21360 Ternarius alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Castroonthemoon]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:GangofFour]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Castroonthemoon|Castroonthemoon]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/GangofFour|GangofFour]]" 1541984 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:GangofFour]] nwo8aguyauoic85wriukyfu1aml5idh 0 234481 1541989 2026-05-13T14:52:55Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rafael Carlos Pérez González''' (amezaliwa [[23 Julai]], [[1948]]), anayejulikana kama '''Marañón''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Ingawa alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu akiwa na Real Madrid CF, sehemu kubwa ya mafanikio yake ilihusishwa na RCD Espanyol. Katika kipindi cha misimu 13, alikusanya jumla ya mechi 308 na mabao 116 katika [[La Liga]].<ref>[http://hallofameperi...' 1541989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rafael Carlos Pérez González''' (amezaliwa [[23 Julai]], [[1948]]), anayejulikana kama '''Marañón''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Ingawa alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu akiwa na Real Madrid CF, sehemu kubwa ya mafanikio yake ilihusishwa na RCD Espanyol. Katika kipindi cha misimu 13, alikusanya jumla ya mechi 308 na mabao 116 katika [[La Liga]].<ref>[http://hallofameperico.wordpress.com/2009/05/21/rafael-maranon/ Rafael MARAÑÓN]; Hall of Fame Perico, 21 May 2009 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1948|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] oloit64kswlo3f9w657j8ti8uwlmjeb 0 234482 1541992 2026-05-13T14:55:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541992 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga''' ni mmoja wa wanaharakati wa amani na viongozi wa kidini wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi nchini [[Angola]]. Alijipatia sifa kwa juhudi zake zisizoyumba za kutafuta suluhu ya amani wakati wa miaka ya mwisho ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini humo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=pan_african_parliament_org|url=https://pan-african-parliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx/|date=2026-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jmn645x8sfvz10siqd29zhmhkmevoeu 1542117 1541992 2026-05-13T18:35:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542117 wikitext text/x-wiki Mchungaji '''Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga''' ni mmoja wa wanaharakati wa amani na viongozi wa kidini wenye ushawishi mkubwa zaidi nchini [[Angola]]. Alijipatia sifa kwa juhudi zake zisizoyumba za kutafuta suluhu ya amani wakati wa miaka ya mwisho ya vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe nchini humo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=pan_african_parliament_org|url=https://pan-african-parliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx/|date=2026-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gd4td9mssqz2od4uh8l2c9vsep1cmtc 0 234483 1541993 2026-05-13T14:56:17Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marcelino Elena Sierra''' (amezaliwa [[26 Septemba]], [[1971]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Marcelino''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati. ==Klabu== ===Sporting na Mallorca=== Marcelino alizaliwa Gijón, [[Asturias]], na alianza kariya yake katika klabu ya nyumbani ya Sporting de Gijón, ambapo alicheza mara chache katika timu ya kwanza kwa misimu mitatu kabla ya kuhamia...' 1541993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcelino Elena Sierra''' (amezaliwa [[26 Septemba]], [[1971]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Marcelino''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati. ==Klabu== ===Sporting na Mallorca=== Marcelino alizaliwa Gijón, [[Asturias]], na alianza kariya yake katika klabu ya nyumbani ya Sporting de Gijón, ambapo alicheza mara chache katika timu ya kwanza kwa misimu mitatu kabla ya kuhamia RCD Mallorca Januari 1996. Akiwa Mallorca, alikuwa mchezaji muhimu katika kupanda daraja kwenda [[La Liga]] katika msimu wa 1996–97 Segunda División, na katika msimu wa 1997–98 La Liga aliunda ushirikiano imara wa ulinzi pamoja na Iván Campo, huku timu ikimaliza katika nafasi ya tano.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2017/02/21/alaves/757451-ivan-campo-aquel-central-melenudo-que-jugo-en-el-alaves.html|title=Iván Campo, aquel central melenudo que jugó en el Alavés|trans-title=Iván Campo, that hairy stopper who played in Alavés|publisher=[[Vavel]]|first=Aitor|last=Pérez de Guereñu|language=es|date=21 February 2017|access-date=25 January 2019}}</ref> <ref name=CWC>{{cite news|url=http://elpais.com/diario/1999/05/20/deportes/927151201_850215.html|title=El Mallorca pierde con orgullo|trans-title=Mallorca lose proudly|newspaper=[[El País]]|first=Santiago|last=Segurola|language=es|date=20 May 1999|access-date=28 January 2016}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] quy4nswf44fbt4f79e90efmr8cpkkyh 0 234484 1541995 2026-05-13T14:59:21Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1541995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcos Alexandre Nhunga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mtaalamu wa masuala ya kilimo nchini [[Angola]], ambaye amekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika mkakati wa nchi hiyo wa kupunguza utegemezi wa mafuta kwa kuimarisha uzalishaji wa ndani wa chakula.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government Officials {{!}} Angola|url=https://www.un.int/angola/angola/government-officials|work=www.un.int|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] sospq4knbq0u4jt72t5es5bydeykh6v 1542222 1541995 2026-05-13T20:04:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcos Alexandre Nhunga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mtaalamu wa masuala ya kilimo nchini [[Angola]], ambaye amekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika mkakati wa nchi hiyo wa kupunguza utegemezi wa mafuta kwa kuimarisha uzalishaji wa ndani wa chakula.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Government Officials {{!}} Angola|url=https://www.un.int/angola/angola/government-officials|work=www.un.int|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 4lmqk4l5ctikxs56s2frz89sc8nma40 0 234485 1541998 2026-05-13T15:01:39Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Víctor Muñoz Villanueva''' (amezaliwa 13 Julai 2003) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama [[winga]] au [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya Osasuna inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Mzaliwa wa [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], Hispania, Muñoz alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya FC Barcelona ya [[La Masia]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 11, baada ya kuanza kucheza katika k...' 1541998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Víctor Muñoz Villanueva''' (amezaliwa 13 Julai 2003) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama [[winga]] au [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya Osasuna inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Mzaliwa wa [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], Hispania, Muñoz alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya FC Barcelona ya [[La Masia]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 11, baada ya kuanza kucheza katika klabu ya CE Sant Gabriel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/liga-primera/victor-munoz-avion-castilla-raul-20241025123519-nt.html|title=El "avión" del Castilla de Raúl que creció junto a Fermín y Balde en La Masia: "Que te echen del Barça genera resquemor y el Madrid aprovechó..."|trans-title=Raúl's "Castilla plane" that grew up with Fermín and Balde in La Masia: "Being kicked out of Barça generates resentment and Madrid took advantage..."|language=es|website=[[Relevo]]|publisher=[[Grupo Vocento]]|date=25 October 2024|access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/06/26/primera/1624716050_096646.html|title=El Madrid se hace con una joya del DAMM con pasado azulgrana|trans-title=Madrid get a pearl from Damm with a blue-and-red past|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|language=es|date=26 June 2021|accessdate=22 July 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2003|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 1nkp33i0cvuqf1vjz15f4zj6tkgvj3j 1542337 1541998 2026-05-13T21:58:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Víctor Muñoz Villanueva''' (amezaliwa 13 Julai 2003) ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama [[winga]] au [[mshambuliaji]] wa klabu ya Osasuna inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Mzaliwa wa [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]], Hispania, Muñoz alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya FC Barcelona ya [[La Masia]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 11, baada ya kuanza kucheza katika klabu ya CE Sant Gabriel.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/liga-primera/victor-munoz-avion-castilla-raul-20241025123519-nt.html|title=El "avión" del Castilla de Raúl que creció junto a Fermín y Balde en La Masia: "Que te echen del Barça genera resquemor y el Madrid aprovechó..."|trans-title=Raúl's "Castilla plane" that grew up with Fermín and Balde in La Masia: "Being kicked out of Barça generates resentment and Madrid took advantage..."|language=es|website=[[Relevo]]|publisher=[[Grupo Vocento]]|date=25 October 2024|access-date=18 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/06/26/primera/1624716050_096646.html|title=El Madrid se hace con una joya del DAMM con pasado azulgrana|trans-title=Madrid get a pearl from Damm with a blue-and-red past|publisher=[[Diario AS]]|language=es|date=26 June 2021|accessdate=22 July 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2003|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 9c5cyp16xhrd0s5c63x79w5lyuze97j 0 234486 1542001 2026-05-13T15:03:25Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucas Ngonda''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]] na kiongozi wa moja ya vyama vikongwe zaidi vya ukombozi nchini humo, FNLA (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lucas Ngonda launches book on economic and social history|url=https://www.africa-press.net/angola/all-news/lucas-ngonda-launches-book-on-economic-and-social-history|work=Angola|date=2023-02-01|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=cfeditoren}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] 19iexhbw7u8davhv1iyk04rq65hy0qz 1542213 1542001 2026-05-13T19:56:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucas Ngonda''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]] na kiongozi wa moja ya vyama vikongwe zaidi vya ukombozi nchini humo, FNLA (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lucas Ngonda launches book on economic and social history|url=https://www.africa-press.net/angola/all-news/lucas-ngonda-launches-book-on-economic-and-social-history|work=Angola|date=2023-02-01|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=cfeditoren}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] kb78fp7u06na1aalxztc9po5zppb30z 0 234487 1542004 2026-05-13T15:07:23Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Enrique Larrinaga Esnal''' (amezaliwa [[20 Juni]], [[1910]] – amefariki [[8 Mei]], [[1993]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Sestao]] katika eneo la Basque Country (greater region) nchini [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Maisha binafsi== Larrinaga alizaliwa mjini Sestao katika Basque Country mwaka 1910, lakini akiwa na umri wa miaka saba alihamia pamoja na familia yake kwenda [[Basauri]]. Mwaka 1939 alihamia kuishi M...' 1542004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enrique Larrinaga Esnal''' (amezaliwa [[20 Juni]], [[1910]] – amefariki [[8 Mei]], [[1993]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Sestao]] katika eneo la Basque Country (greater region) nchini [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Maisha binafsi== Larrinaga alizaliwa mjini Sestao katika Basque Country mwaka 1910, lakini akiwa na umri wa miaka saba alihamia pamoja na familia yake kwenda [[Basauri]]. Mwaka 1939 alihamia kuishi [[Mexico]], ambako alimuoa Yolanda Aspiazu Suarez, na waliinua [[mtoto]] wa kuasili aitwaye José Manuel.<ref name=Larrin>{{cite web|title=Enrique Larrinaga Esnal|url=http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/86632|publisher=Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia|accessdate=2 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=Bio>{{cite web|last1=Zamora|first1=Gerson|title=El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937-39, biographical section|url=http://132.248.9.195/ptb2010/mayo/0658338/0658338_A1.pdf|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico|accessdate=23 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Spain 1930/31|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tabless/span31.html|publisher=Rsssf|accessdate=2 May 2015}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|19101993|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 5ztdou1ttyi8cmu6mrfzz9moad1grom 1542005 1542004 2026-05-13T15:07:47Z Christina Charles 71406 1542005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enrique Larrinaga Esnal''' (amezaliwa [[20 Juni]], [[1910]] – amefariki [[8 Mei]], [[1993]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Sestao]] katika eneo la Basque Country (greater region) nchini [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Maisha binafsi== Larrinaga alizaliwa mjini Sestao katika Basque Country mwaka 1910, lakini akiwa na umri wa miaka saba alihamia pamoja na familia yake kwenda [[Basauri]]. Mwaka 1939 alihamia kuishi [[Mexico]], ambako alimuoa Yolanda Aspiazu Suarez, na waliinua [[mtoto]] wa kuasili aitwaye José Manuel.<ref name=Larrin>{{cite web|title=Enrique Larrinaga Esnal|url=http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/86632|publisher=Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia|accessdate=2 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=Bio>{{cite web|last1=Zamora|first1=Gerson|title=El Equipo de futbol Euzkadi en Mexico, 1937-39, biographical section|url=http://132.248.9.195/ptb2010/mayo/0658338/0658338_A1.pdf|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico|accessdate=23 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Spain 1930/31|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tabless/span31.html|publisher=Rsssf|accessdate=2 May 2015}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1910|1993}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] arqte36y6c5sw8w67cbnqywmgmfjfxo 0 234488 1542010 2026-05-13T15:11:47Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mikel Lasa Goikoetxea''' (amezaliwa [[9 Septemba]], [[1971]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kushoto. Alicheza mechi 267 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu 13 na kufunga mabao sita, akiichezea klabu za [[Real Sociedad]], Real Madrid CF na Athletic Bilbao. Lasa alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshinda medali ya dhahabu ya mpira wa miguu katika Football at the 1992 Summer Olympics|Ol...' 1542010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mikel Lasa Goikoetxea''' (amezaliwa [[9 Septemba]], [[1971]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kushoto. Alicheza mechi 267 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu 13 na kufunga mabao sita, akiichezea klabu za [[Real Sociedad]], Real Madrid CF na Athletic Bilbao. Lasa alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshinda medali ya dhahabu ya mpira wa miguu katika [[Football at the 1992 Summer Olympics|Olimpiki ya 1992]]. Baada ya kustaafu kucheza, alifanya kazi kwa muda mfupi kama [[kocha]]. ==Klabu== Lasa alizaliwa katika mji mdogo wa [[Legorreta]], [[Uhispania]], [[Gipuzkoa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.relevo.com/futbol/liga-primera/mikel-lasa-vaciles-vestuario-madrid-20240331072601-nt.html|title=Mikel Lasa y los vaciles del vestuario del Real Madrid: "Mira el vasco, se ha ido a casa, se ha metido en la cueva y no le ha dado el sol"|trans-title=Mikel Lasa and the jabs in Real Madrid's dressing room: "Check out the Basque guy, he went home, shut himself in his cave and did not catch a glimpse of the sun"|publisher=[[Relevo]]|first=José Luis|last=Lorenzo|language=Spanish|date=31 March 2024|accessdate=22 October 2025}}</ref><ref name=Diamond>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1991/06/21/deportes/677455213_850215.html|title=Lasa, el último 'diamante' empeñado por la Real|trans-title=Lasa, the last 'diamond' that Real pawned|newspaper=[[El País]]|first=Eduardo|last=Rodrigálvarez|language=Spanish|date=21 June 1991|accessdate=17 April 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 7v57bs7c7dpfp63951jrhgu7gtreyfu 0 234489 1542014 2026-05-13T15:15:50Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jaime Lazcano Escolá''' (amezaliwa [[5 Machi]], [[1909]] – amefariki [[1 Juni]], [[1983]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]] kwa [[Real Madrid]], Atlético Madrid na timu ya taifa ya Hispania katika miaka ya 1920 na 1930. Alifunga bao la kwanza kabisa la [[La Liga]] kwa [[Real Madrid]] tarehe [[10 Februari]], [[1929]] na pia alifunga mabao manne katika ushindi wa 5–0 dhidi ya Europa....' 1542014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaime Lazcano Escolá''' (amezaliwa [[5 Machi]], [[1909]] – amefariki [[1 Juni]], [[1983]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]] kwa [[Real Madrid]], Atlético Madrid na timu ya taifa ya Hispania katika miaka ya 1920 na 1930. Alifunga bao la kwanza kabisa la [[La Liga]] kwa [[Real Madrid]] tarehe [[10 Februari]], [[1929]] na pia alifunga mabao manne katika ushindi wa 5–0 dhidi ya Europa. Alipewa jina la utani "Dramaturgo" kwa sababu mbali na mpira wa miguu alikuwa pia [[mwandishi]] wa [[tamthilia]], na alianzisha baadhi ya tamthilia zake katika mji wa [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]].<ref name="AS">{{cite web |last=Relaño |first=Alfredo |url=https://as.com/futbol/2016/08/12/mas_futbol/1470979748_501040.html |title=Lazcano estrena una obra de teatro en El Escorial (1931) |trans-title=Lazcano premiered a play in El Escorial (1931) |date=12 August 2016 |access-date=8 July 2021 |work=[[Diario AS|AS]] |publisher=[[PRISA]] |language=ES}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1909|1983}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] e9vgdv12poj09rryaozs9v2bds9um62 0 234490 1542019 2026-05-13T15:20:17Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Robin Aimé Robert Le Normand''' (amezaliwa [[11 Novemba]], [[1996]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] anayocheza kama [[beki wa kati]] wa klabu ya Atlético Madrid inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. Ingawa alizaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa]], anaiwakilisha Hispania kimataifa. Le Normand alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu nchini Ufaransa akiwa na Stade Brestois 29, ambako alicheza mechi moja tu katika timu ya kwanza,...' 1542019 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robin Aimé Robert Le Normand''' (amezaliwa [[11 Novemba]], [[1996]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] anayocheza kama [[beki wa kati]] wa klabu ya Atlético Madrid inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. Ingawa alizaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa]], anaiwakilisha Hispania kimataifa. Le Normand alianza kariya yake ya kitaalamu nchini Ufaransa akiwa na Stade Brestois 29, ambako alicheza mechi moja tu katika timu ya kwanza, kabla ya kujiunga na klabu ya Hispania ya Real Sociedad mwaka 2016.<ref name=ouest>{{cite web|url=http://www.ouest-france.fr/sport/football/stade-brestois/stade-brestois-robin-le-normand-rejoint-la-real-sociedad-4346893|title=Stade Brestois: Robin Le Normand rejoint la Real Sociedad|trans-title=Stade Brestois: Robin Le Normand joins Real Sociedad|publisher=[[Ouest-France]]|language=fr|date=4 July 2016|accessdate=18 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ligue1.com/ligue2/feuille_match/80647|title=FC Sochaux-Montbéliard 1–0 Stade Brestois 29|publisher=[[Ligue 1]]|accessdate=18 October 2016}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1996|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 1jaixb39y81yjwdfiif3iobe9elemu5 0 234491 1542022 2026-05-13T15:24:08Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eugenio Leal Vargas''' (amezaliwa [[13 Mei]], [[1954]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ya miaka 12 akiwa na Atlético Madrid, ambapo alicheza zaidi ya mechi 230 za mashindano rasmi na kushinda mataji mawili ya [[La Liga]]. Akiwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Hispania kwa kipindi cha mwaka mmoja, Leal aliwakilisha nchi hiyo katika Kombe...' 1542022 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eugenio Leal Vargas''' (amezaliwa [[13 Mei]], [[1954]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ya miaka 12 akiwa na Atlético Madrid, ambapo alicheza zaidi ya mechi 230 za mashindano rasmi na kushinda mataji mawili ya [[La Liga]]. Akiwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Hispania kwa kipindi cha mwaka mmoja, Leal aliwakilisha nchi hiyo katika Kombe la Dunia la 1978.<ref name=Cheli>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca-paginas.elmundodeportivo.es/EMD02/PUB/2004/11/16/EMD20041116012MDA.pdf|title=El 'Cheli', carisma en rojo y blanco|trans-title='Cheli', charisma in red and white|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=Miguel Ángel|last=Guijarro|language=es|date=16 November 2004|access-date=8 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1972/09/18/pagina-7/982720/pdf.html|title=2–1: El Atlético, mal; el Betis, peor|trans-title=2–1: Atlético, bad, Betis, worse|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=es|date=18 September 1972|access-date=7 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1976/10/25/pagina-5/1027221/pdf.html|title=3–1: El Barcelona no supo frenar al Atlético|trans-title=3–1: Barcelona could not stop Atlético|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|first=Xavier|last=Ventura|language=es|date=25 October 1976|access-date=7 September 2017}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1954|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 33r3n19xouyj5dnaovpozl12071ggsy 0 234492 1542026 2026-05-13T15:28:18Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Simón Lecue Andrade''' (amezaliwa [[11 Februari]], [[1912]] – amefariki [[27 Februari]], [[1984]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Arrigorriaga]], [[Biscay]], Lecue alicheza misimu yake miwili ya kwanza ya [[La Liga]] akiwa na Deportivo Alavés, pia katika eneo la Basque Country (autonomous community). Alianza kucheza soka la kulipwa akiwa na umri wa miaka 18...' 1542026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simón Lecue Andrade''' (amezaliwa [[11 Februari]], [[1912]] – amefariki [[27 Februari]], [[1984]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa [[Arrigorriaga]], [[Biscay]], Lecue alicheza misimu yake miwili ya kwanza ya [[La Liga]] akiwa na Deportivo Alavés, pia katika eneo la Basque Country (autonomous community). Alianza kucheza soka la kulipwa akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 baada ya kusajiliwa kutoka CD Basconia.<ref>[http://www.elpais.com/articulo/agenda/Simon/Lecue/futbolista/elpepigen/19840227elpepiage_1/Tes Simón Lecue, futbolista (Simón Lecue, footballer)]; [[El País]], 27 February 1984 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1912|1984}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] di9bh6jl59dq0qrez5of4fug7dkr5ne 0 234493 1542028 2026-05-13T15:31:33Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''José Legarreta Abaitua''' (amezaliwa [[12 Februari]], [[1903]] – amefariki [[17 Septemba]], [[1957]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye aliwakilisha taifa lake katika Olimpiki ya 1928 nchini [[Uholanzi]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa kizazi cha awali waliochezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya mwanzo ya mpira wa miguu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/jose-legarreta-abait...' 1542028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Legarreta Abaitua''' (amezaliwa [[12 Februari]], [[1903]] – amefariki [[17 Septemba]], [[1957]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye aliwakilisha taifa lake katika Olimpiki ya 1928 nchini [[Uholanzi]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa kizazi cha awali waliochezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania katika mashindano ya kimataifa ya mwanzo ya mpira wa miguu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/jose-legarreta-abaitua |title=José Legarreta Abaitua |accessdate=10 June 2018 |work=Olympics}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tableso/ol1928f-det.html |title=IX. Olympiad Amsterdam 1928 Football Tournament - Squad Lists |accessdate=10 June 2018 |work=RSSSF}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/24911 |title=José Legarreta |work=Olympedia |access-date=13 September 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1903|1957}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] chd15i91p1u7mxuizjl06wwu56x0kmg 0 234494 1542031 2026-05-13T15:34:59Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antonio León Amador''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Leoncito''' (amezaliwa [[30 Agosti]], [[1909]] – amefariki [[11 Machi]], [[1995]]), alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alizaliwa Sevilla na alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ilihusishwa na Real Madrid CF, ambako alicheza mechi 148 na kufunga mabao manane.<ref>[http://www.madridista.hu/web/index.php?site=player&id=298 Real Madrid prof...' 1542031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio León Amador''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Leoncito''' (amezaliwa [[30 Agosti]], [[1909]] – amefariki [[11 Machi]], [[1995]]), alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alizaliwa Sevilla na alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ilihusishwa na Real Madrid CF, ambako alicheza mechi 148 na kufunga mabao manane.<ref>[http://www.madridista.hu/web/index.php?site=player&id=298 Real Madrid profile]</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1909|1995}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] eon0mpgu7xupn9l2lhuhh5694zkptod 0 234495 1542035 2026-05-13T15:38:48Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Francisco Lesmes Bobed''' (amezaliwa [[4 Machi]], [[1924]] – amefariki [[11 Agosti]], [[2005]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Ceuta]], Lesmes alianza kariya yake ya soka la kulipwa akiwa na SD Ceuta na Granada CF, kabla ya kusaini na Real Valladolid mwaka 1949 na kutumia muda wote uliobaki wa kariya yake akiwa na klabu hiyo ya Castile and León. Alitumia...' 1542035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Lesmes Bobed''' (amezaliwa [[4 Machi]], [[1924]] – amefariki [[11 Agosti]], [[2005]]) alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Ceuta]], Lesmes alianza kariya yake ya soka la kulipwa akiwa na SD Ceuta na Granada CF, kabla ya kusaini na Real Valladolid mwaka 1949 na kutumia muda wote uliobaki wa kariya yake akiwa na klabu hiyo ya Castile and León. Alitumia misimu 11 kati ya 12 akiwa anacheza katika [[La Liga]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elnortedecastilla.es/realvalladolid/futbolistas-leyenda-real-20190903134045-nt.html|title=Los futbolistas que fueron leyenda en el Real Valladolid|trans-title=Footballers who were legends at Real Valladolid|newspaper=[[El Norte de Castilla]]|language=Spanish|date=3 September 2019|accessdate=29 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://diariodevalladolid.elmundo.es/articulo/deportes/deseado-efecto-rebote-pucela/20210613231522400539.html|title=El deseado 'efecto rebote' del Pucela|trans-title=Pucela's wanted 'rebound effect'|newspaper=Diario de Valladolid|first=Arturo|last=Alvarado|language=Spanish|date=13 June 2021|accessdate=29 April 2022}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1924|2005}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 0oe1kd159wecbqkmiw0md9gy1u4xb6q 0 234496 1542039 2026-05-13T15:42:49Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rafael Lesmes Bobed''' (amezaliwa [[9 Novemba]], [[1926]] – amefariki [[8 Oktoba]], [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Katika kipindi cha misimu 12 ya [[La Liga]], alichezea Real Valladolid (akiwa na vipindi viwili tofauti) pamoja na Real Madrid CF.<ref name=RM>{{cite web|url=http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football-legends/rafael-lesmes-bobed|title=...' 1542039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rafael Lesmes Bobed''' (amezaliwa [[9 Novemba]], [[1926]] – amefariki [[8 Oktoba]], [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]]. Katika kipindi cha misimu 12 ya [[La Liga]], alichezea Real Valladolid (akiwa na vipindi viwili tofauti) pamoja na Real Madrid CF.<ref name=RM>{{cite web|url=http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football-legends/rafael-lesmes-bobed|title=Lesmes II|publisher=Real Madrid CF|access-date=17 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://pucelafichajes.com/2014/11/un-poco-de-historia-rafael-lesmes/|title=Un poco de historia: Rafael Lesmes|trans-title=A little bit of history: Rafael Lesmes|publisher=Pucela Fichajes|language=es|date=1 November 2014|access-date=11 March 2025}}</ref>akicheza michezo 263 katika mashindano hayo. Alianza kazi yake na timu ya ndani Atlético Tetuán na akastaafu mwaka wa 1962 akiwa na umri wa miaka 35. ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1926|2012}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] mr1mbml8gk5o5tvb3yar4a43moaa2yd 0 234497 1542041 2026-05-13T15:47:34Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Raimundo Pérez Lezama''' (amezaliwa [[29 Novemba]], [[1922]] – amefariki [[23 Julai]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[golikipa]]. Baada ya kuanza kariya yake ya kulipwa nchini Uingereza, alirudi nchini kwake na baadaye alichezea zaidi klabu ya Athletic Bilbao. ==Kazi ya klabu== ===Uhamisho wa ukimbizi nchini Uingereza=== Lezama alizaliwa [[Barakaldo]], [[Biscay]] lakini alih...' 1542041 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raimundo Pérez Lezama''' (amezaliwa [[29 Novemba]], [[1922]] – amefariki [[23 Julai]], [[2007]]) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[golikipa]]. Baada ya kuanza kariya yake ya kulipwa nchini Uingereza, alirudi nchini kwake na baadaye alichezea zaidi klabu ya Athletic Bilbao. ==Kazi ya klabu== ===Uhamisho wa ukimbizi nchini Uingereza=== Lezama alizaliwa [[Barakaldo]], [[Biscay]] lakini alihamia Uingereza kama mkimbizi akiwa na umri wa miaka 14. Aliingia katika bandari ya [[Southampton]] akiwa ndani ya meli iitwayo *Habana* tarehe [[23 Mei]], [[1937]], yeye na kaka yake Luis wakiwa miongoni mwa watoto 3,889 wa Kibasque waliokimbia vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Hispania.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/a-spanish-refugee-boy-78-years-ago-blazed-the-trail-for-david-silva-and-cesc-fabregas-10488958.html|title=A Spanish refugee boy 78 years ago blazed the trail for David Silva and Cesc Fabregas|work=[[The Independent]]|last=Herbert|first=Ian|date=6 September 2015|accessdate=11 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.football365.com/news/first-foreign-footballers-spains-emilio-aldecoa|title=First foreign footballers: Spain's Emilio Aldecoa|publisher=Football365|date=16 March 2018|accessdate=11 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/blogs/ether/when-football-welcomed-refugees|title=When football welcomed refugees|publisher=[[Amnesty International]]|last=Westland|first=Naomi|date=26 April 2017|accessdate=11 June 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1922|2007}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] hh136iatkwa4dclto0wb2rxkxjb204u 0 234498 1542042 2026-05-13T15:47:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pasqua L'Abbate''' (alizaliwa 2 Mei 1966), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Patty L'Abbate''', ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa uchumi wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/deputati/elenco/19-307822|title=Patty L'Abbate|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Taaluma == L'Abbate aliz...' 1542042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pasqua L'Abbate''' (alizaliwa 2 Mei 1966), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Patty L'Abbate''', ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa uchumi wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/deputati/elenco/19-307822|title=Patty L'Abbate|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Taaluma == L'Abbate alizaliwa mjini [[Polignano a Mare]], katika mkoa wa [[Apulia]]. Ni mtaalamu mbobezi wa uchumi wa ikolojia (ecological economics) na anashikilia shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika masuala ya rasilimali na mazingira. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alikuwa profesa na mtafiti akijikita katika [[uchumi wa mzunguko]] (circular economy) na upunguzaji wa nyayo za kaboni (carbon footprint). == Kazi ya kisiasa == L'Abbate ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Five Star Movement]] (M5S) na amekuwa mshauri muhimu wa chama hicho katika masuala ya mazingira: * **Baraza la Seneti (2018–2022):** Alichaguliwa kuwa [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] katika bunge la XVIII, ambapo alihudumu kama kiongozi wa kundi la M5S katika Kamati ya Mazingira.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/18/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00032647.htm|title=Patty L'Abbate|publisher=[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate of the Republic]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> * **Baraza la Wawakilishi (2022–sasa):** Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2022, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge. Kwa sasa, anahudumu kama Makamu wa Rais wa Kamati ya VIII (Mazingira, Ardhi, na Kazi za Umma). Anajulikana kimataifa kwa kazi yake ya kukuza mbinu za kisayansi katika utungaji wa sheria za mazingira, na amewakilisha Italia katika mikutano mbalimbali ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kuhusu mabadiliko ya tabianchi (COP). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1966||L'Abbate, Patty}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] myc89nqa57bs9cofavfblvb9wjvdip5 0 234499 1542045 2026-05-13T15:50:55Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jesús Iñigo Liceranzu Otxoa''' (amezaliwa [[13 Machi]], [[1959]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati na pia ni [[kocha]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Bilbao]], [[Biscay]], Liceranzu alitoka katika akademi ya klabu kubwa ya eneo hilo [[Athletic Bilbao]]. Baada ya miaka mitatu akiwa na timu ya akiba Athletic Bilbao B, alifanya debut yake ya kitaalamu na klabu jirani ya Bara...' 1542045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jesús Iñigo Liceranzu Otxoa''' (amezaliwa [[13 Machi]], [[1959]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati na pia ni [[kocha]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Bilbao]], [[Biscay]], Liceranzu alitoka katika akademi ya klabu kubwa ya eneo hilo [[Athletic Bilbao]]. Baada ya miaka mitatu akiwa na timu ya akiba Athletic Bilbao B, alifanya debut yake ya kitaalamu na klabu jirani ya Barakaldo CF katika Segunda División. <ref>[https://www.deia.eus/athletic/2017/10/11/recuerdos-centenario-4916079.html Recuerdos de un centenario (Memories of a centurion)]; [[Deia (newspaper)|Deia]], 11 October 2017 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1959|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] pp5hj314qsr9laiv5d3qzgcmlagzba4 0 234500 1542047 2026-05-13T15:57:31Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Francesca La Marca''' (alizaliwa 30 Oktoba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia]] wa [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] anayewakilisha jimbo la nje la Amerika ya Kaskazini na Kati tangu mwaka 2022. == Wasifu == La Marca alizaliwa mjini [[Toronto]], Kanada, akiwa mtoto wa wahamiaji wa Kiitaliano kutoka mikoa ya [[Campania]] na [[Sicily]]. Ana uraia wa nchi mbili (It...' 1542047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francesca La Marca''' (alizaliwa 30 Oktoba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia]] wa [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] anayewakilisha jimbo la nje la Amerika ya Kaskazini na Kati tangu mwaka 2022. == Wasifu == La Marca alizaliwa mjini [[Toronto]], Kanada, akiwa mtoto wa wahamiaji wa Kiitaliano kutoka mikoa ya [[Campania]] na [[Sicily]]. Ana uraia wa nchi mbili (Italia na Kanada). Alihitimu shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika lugha na fasihi ya Kifaransa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Toronto na amekuwa mhadhiri katika vyuo vikuu mbalimbali nchini Kanada. == Kazi ya kisiasa == La Marca amekuwa sauti muhimu kwa jamii za Waitaliano wanaoishi nje ya nchi (''Italics''): * **Baraza la Wawakilishi (2013–2022):** Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2013 kupitia jimbo la Amerika ya Kaskazini na Kati, na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2018. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa asili ya Kiitaliano na Kanada kuchaguliwa katika bunge la Italia. * **Baraza la Seneti (2022–sasa):** Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2022, aligombea na kushinda kiti cha Seneta kwa ajili ya jimbo hilohilo la nje.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/19/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00029443.htm|title=Scheda di attività: Francesca LA MARCA|publisher=Senato della Repubblica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Bungeni, amejikita katika kutetea: # Kurudishwa kwa uraia wa Italia kwa wale walioupoteza. # Kuimarisha mafunzo ya lugha na utamaduni wa Kiitaliano nje ya nchi. # Kuboresha huduma za kibalozi na kodi kwa raia wa Italia wanaoishi ughaibuni. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||La Marca, Francesca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qy52iv2f2kawq9vd3m3efjgprgouhd9 1542048 1542047 2026-05-13T16:01:30Z Egipa 87700 1542048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francesca La Marca''' (alizaliwa 30 Oktoba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia]] wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) ambaye kwa sasa alifanya kazi kama Baraza la Seneti la Italia na Seneta anayewakilisha jimbo la nje la [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na Kati tangu mwaka 2022. == Wasifu == La Marca alizaliwa mjini [[Toronto]], Kanada, akiwa mtoto wa wahamiaji wa Kiitaliano kutoka mikoa ya [[Campania]] na [[Sicily]]. Ana uraia wa nchi mbili (Italia na Kanada). Alihitimu shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika lugha na fasihi ya Kifaransa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Toronto na amekuwa mhadhiri katika vyuo vikuu mbalimbali nchini [[Kanada]]. == Kazi ya kisiasa == La Marca amekuwa sauti muhimu kwa jamii za Waitaliano wanaoishi nje ya nchi (''Italics''): * **Baraza la Wawakilishi (2013–2022):** Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2013 kupitia jimbo la Amerika ya Kaskazini na Kati, na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2018. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa asili ya Kiitaliano na Kanada kuchaguliwa katika bunge la Italia. * **Baraza la Seneti (2022–sasa):** Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2022, aligombea na kushinda kiti cha Seneta kwa ajili ya jimbo hilohilo la nje.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/19/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00029443.htm|title=Scheda di attività: Francesca LA MARCA|publisher=Senato della Repubblica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Bungeni, amejikita katika kutetea: # Kurudishwa kwa uraia wa Italia kwa wale walioupoteza. # Kuimarisha mafunzo ya lugha na utamaduni wa Kiitaliano nje ya nchi. # Kuboresha huduma za kibalozi na kodi kwa raia wa Italia wanaoishi ughaibuni. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||La Marca, Francesca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kjlbrk86nqdjfr4d14jiioswflqaipb 0 234501 1542049 2026-05-13T16:07:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chiara La Porta''' (alizaliwa 7 Juni 1991) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy). == Wasifu na Elimu == La Porta alizaliwa mjini [[Prato]], mkoani [[Tuscany]]. Ana asili ya mji wa Nicosia uliopo [[Sicily]] kupitia familia yake.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telenicosia.it/elezioni-chiara-la-porta-di-origini-nicosiane-eletta-alla-camera-dei-deputati/|title=Elezioni. Chiara La Porta di origini nicosiane elett...' 1542049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chiara La Porta''' (alizaliwa 7 Juni 1991) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy). == Wasifu na Elimu == La Porta alizaliwa mjini [[Prato]], mkoani [[Tuscany]]. Ana asili ya mji wa Nicosia uliopo [[Sicily]] kupitia familia yake.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telenicosia.it/elezioni-chiara-la-porta-di-origini-nicosiane-eletta-alla-camera-dei-deputati/|title=Elezioni. Chiara La Porta di origini nicosiane eletta alla Camera dei Deputati|work=TeleNicosia|date=3 October 2022|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alihitimu shahada ya sheria, jambo lililomsaidia kujenga msingi wa harakati zake za kisiasa tangu ujana. == Kazi ya kisiasa == La Porta amekuwa kiongozi muhimu katika harakati za vijana za mrengo wa kulia nchini Italia: * **Uongozi wa Vijana:** Tangu mwaka 2017, alifanya kazi kama Makamu wa Rais wa ''Gioventù Nazionale'' (Vijana wa Kitaifa), ambalo ni tawi la vijana la chama cha Fratelli d'Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://2017.gonews.it/2017/07/12/gioventu-nazionale-rinnova-propri-vertici-toscana-seconda-regione-piu-rappresentata/|title=Gioventù nazionale rinnova i propri vertici, Toscana seconda regione più rappresentata|work=Gonews.it|date=12 July 2017|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022 akiwa na umri wa miaka 31, alifanya kazi katika Kamati ya IV (Ulinzi) na baadaye Kamati ya VII (Utamaduni na Elimu). * **Baraza la Mkoa wa Tuscany (2025):** Katika uchaguzi wa mkoa wa mwaka 2025, aligombea nafasi ya mjumbe wa Baraza la Mkoa wa [[Tuscany]] katika jimbo la Prato. Alishinda kwa kupata kura 7,963. Kufuatia ushindi huo, alijiuzulu nafasi yake bungeni ili alifanya kazi katika ngazi ya mkoa, na nafasi yake bungeni ilichukuliwa na Irene Gori.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvprato.it/2025/10/elezioni-anche-chiara-la-porta-entra-in-consiglio-regionale/|title=Elezioni, anche Chiara La Porta entra in consiglio regionale|date=14 October 2025|work=TV Prato|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.gonews.it/2025/10/14/chiara-la-porta-lascia-la-camera-per-il-consiglio-regionale/|title=Chiara La Porta lascia la Camera per il Consiglio regionale|date=14 October 2025|work=Gonews|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa msimamo wake wa kutetea maslahi ya vijana, ulinzi wa familia, na kuimarisha utambulisho wa kitaifa wa Italia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991||La Porta, Chiara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ic5butox2jl4bhgojflyqta0frjor11 0 234502 1542053 2026-05-13T16:58:27Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''José Antonio Morante Gutiérrez''' (amezaliwa [[6 Julai]], [[1944]]), anayejulikana kama '''Lico''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] na [[kocha]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alicheza kama [[kiungo]] na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 223 katika [[La Liga]], akifunga mabao 7 akiwa na klabu za Elche CF, RCD Espanyol na Valencia CF. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara moja mwaka 1972. Baada ya kustaafu, Lico alifanya kazi ya ukocha akiwa na...' 1542053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Antonio Morante Gutiérrez''' (amezaliwa [[6 Julai]], [[1944]]), anayejulikana kama '''Lico''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] na [[kocha]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Alicheza kama [[kiungo]] na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 223 katika [[La Liga]], akifunga mabao 7 akiwa na klabu za Elche CF, RCD Espanyol na Valencia CF. Pia alichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara moja mwaka 1972. Baada ya kustaafu, Lico alifanya kazi ya ukocha akiwa na Elche katika vipindi kadhaa katika madaraja matatu ya mfumo wa ligi ya Hispania, katika kipindi cha takribani miaka 15.<ref name=marca>{{cite news |last1=Ramos |first1=Jesús |title=Lico, un centrocampista incansable|trans-title=Lico, a tireless mifielder|url=https://www.marca.com/blogs/ni-mas-ni-menos/2018/12/09/lico-un-centrocampista-incansable.html |access-date=5 September 2024 |work=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |date=9 December 2018 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Evaristo Carrió, cesado|trans-title=Evaristo Carrió, sacked |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1990/04/11/pagina-54/1206971/pdf.html |access-date=5 September 2024 |work=Mundo Deportivo |date=11 April 1990 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] fc861wso0rdgp5qfrfc4fn1hjywmdt7 0 234503 1542055 2026-05-13T17:02:50Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diego Javier Llorente Ríos''' (amezaliwa [[16 Agosti]], [[1993]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kati wa klabu ya Real Betis. Akiwa amekuzwa katika akademi ya Real Madrid CF, ambayo pia ilimtoa kwa mkopo mara mbili kwa klabu za [[La Liga]], baadaye alisaini na Real Sociedad Juni 2017. Miaka mitatu baadaye alijiunga na Leeds United. Llorente alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kikosi cha kwanz...' 1542055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diego Javier Llorente Ríos''' (amezaliwa [[16 Agosti]], [[1993]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kati wa klabu ya Real Betis. Akiwa amekuzwa katika akademi ya Real Madrid CF, ambayo pia ilimtoa kwa mkopo mara mbili kwa klabu za [[La Liga]], baadaye alisaini na Real Sociedad Juni 2017. Miaka mitatu baadaye alijiunga na Leeds United. Llorente alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza kikosi cha kwanza cha timu ya taifa ya Hispania mwaka 2016, na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki UEFA Euro 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/real-sociedad/20170602/423128002476/el-perfilllorente-bautizado-en-la-seleccion-junto-a-oyarzabal.html|title=El perfil/Llorente, bautizado en la selección junto a Oyarzabal|trans-title=The profile/Llorente, baptized in the national team alongside Oyarzabal|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=Ángel|last=López|language=es|date=2 June 2017|access-date=7 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.futbolasturiano.es/noticias2/737.htm|title=Empate para abrir la temporada|trans-title=Draw to kickstart season|publisher=Fútbol Asturiano|first=Nacho|last=Pérez|language=es|date=25 August 2012|access-date=10 July 2023}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1993|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] oikvuzlk7cm9hmzb7esbczw851cec10 0 234504 1542056 2026-05-13T17:08:33Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Francisco''' "'''Paco'''" '''Llorente Gento''' (amezaliwa [[21 Mei]],[[1965]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama winga wa kulia. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 206 za [[La Liga]] na mabao 11 katika kipindi cha misimu 13, akiwa na klabu za Atlético Madrid, Real Madrid CF na SD Compostel. ==Klabu== Llorente alizaliwa [[Valladolid]], Castile and León. Baada ya muda mfupi katika akademi ya vijana y...' 1542056 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco''' "'''Paco'''" '''Llorente Gento''' (amezaliwa [[21 Mei]],[[1965]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama winga wa kulia. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 206 za [[La Liga]] na mabao 11 katika kipindi cha misimu 13, akiwa na klabu za Atlético Madrid, Real Madrid CF na SD Compostel. ==Klabu== Llorente alizaliwa [[Valladolid]], Castile and León. Baada ya muda mfupi katika akademi ya vijana ya Real Madrid CF, alisaini na wapinzani wao Atlético Madrid na akapata nafasi ya kucheza mara kwa mara kwa misimu miwili. Msimu wa joto wa 1987, alirudi tena [[Real Madrid]].<ref name=JD>[https://www.jotdown.es/2013/10/guillermo-ortiz-paco-llorente-o-la-ultima-jugarreta-de-ramon-mendoza-a-vicente-calderon/ Guillermo Ortiz: Paco Llorente o la última jugarreta de Ramón Mendoza a Vicente Calderón (Guillermo Ortiz: Paco Llorente or Ramón Mendoza's last move on Vicente Calderón)]; [[Jot Down]], October 2013 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[https://www.espn.com/soccer/atletico-madrid/story/4074154/llorente-lives-up-to-family-legacy-in-madrid-except-hes-doing-it-for-atleticonot-real Llorente lives up to family legacy in Madrid... except he's doing it for Atletico, not Real]; [[ESPN]], 14 March 2020</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1965|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] trsuvmczvwktnhga74vw5p9yow8sols 0 234505 1542059 2026-05-13T17:15:41Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Julen Lopetegui Argote''' (amezaliwa [[28 Agosti]], [[1966]]) ni [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kulipwa na [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Kwa sasa ni [[kocha]] wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Qatar. Akiwa mchezaji wa zamani, Lopetegui alihusishwa na nafasi ya [[golikipa]] kabla ya kuingia kwenye ukocha baada ya kustaafu kucheza.<ref name=CORREO>{{cite news|url=http://www.elcorreo.com/alava/deportes/futbol/se...' 1542059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julen Lopetegui Argote''' (amezaliwa [[28 Agosti]], [[1966]]) ni [[kocha]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] wa kulipwa na [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Kwa sasa ni [[kocha]] wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Qatar. Akiwa mchezaji wa zamani, Lopetegui alihusishwa na nafasi ya [[golikipa]] kabla ya kuingia kwenye ukocha baada ya kustaafu kucheza.<ref name=CORREO>{{cite news|url=http://www.elcorreo.com/alava/deportes/futbol/seleccion-espanola/201607/21/julen-lopetegui-arteasu-seleccion-20160721150039.html|title=Julen Lopetegui, de Asteasu a la Selección Española|trans-title=Julen Lopetegui, from Asteasu to the Spanish national team|newspaper=[[El Correo]]|language=es|date=21 July 2016|access-date=12 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://as.com/futbol/2020/11/23/reportajes/1606137392_100985.html|title=Un día en el Real Madrid|trans-title=A day at Real Madrid|newspaper=[[Diario AS]]|last=Forjanes|first=Carlos|language=es|date=23 November 2020|access-date=12 January 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1966|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 7ejdjmrgyw9swa6r7fwwejkpsso2vya 0 234506 1542061 2026-05-13T17:18:50Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aitor López Rekarte''' (amezaliwa [[18 Agosti]], [[1975]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]], hasa upande wa kulia wa uwanja (right-back) na mara chache upande wa kushoto. Kariyake ya kitaalamu ilihusishwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na Real Sociedad, ambako alitumia misimu 13 kati ya 15 ya maisha yake ya kucheza, akicheza mechi 338 za mashindano rasmi.<ref name=Rocky>{{cite news|url=https://www.di...' 1542061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aitor López Rekarte''' (amezaliwa [[18 Agosti]], [[1975]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[beki]], hasa upande wa kulia wa uwanja (right-back) na mara chache upande wa kushoto. Kariyake ya kitaalamu ilihusishwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na Real Sociedad, ambako alitumia misimu 13 kati ya 15 ya maisha yake ya kucheza, akicheza mechi 338 za mashindano rasmi.<ref name=Rocky>{{cite news|url=https://www.diariovasco.com/real-sociedad/aitor-lopez-rekarte-20211025101810-nt.html|title=Aitor López Rekarte, el mejor de un año turbulento|trans-title=Aitor López Rekarte, the best of a rocky year|newspaper=[[El Diario Vasco]]|language=es|date=26 October 2021|access-date=7 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://real-sociedad.diariovasco.com/rekarte-afirma-principio-20180412002631-ntvo.html|title=Rekarte: "Es muy difícil jugar tantos partidos con la Real Sociedad, tiene el ADN del compromiso"|trans-title=Rekarte: "It's very hard to play this many matches with Real Sociedad, their DNA is commitment"|newspaper=El Diario Vasco|language=es|date=12 April 2018|access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1975|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] c6hw56e2ybbkf0k4rseyobunpwjri5a 0 234507 1542063 2026-05-13T17:23:12Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luis María López Rekarte''' (amezaliwa [[26 Machi]], [[1962]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kulia. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 300 za [[La Liga]] na mabao saba katika misimu 11, akiwa na klabu za Deportivo de La Coruña, Real Sociedad na FC Barcelona na akashinda mataji sita makubwa. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa Mondragón, Basque Country (autonomous community), na kabla ya soka, mchezo wake w...' 1542063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luis María López Rekarte''' (amezaliwa [[26 Machi]], [[1962]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kulia. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 300 za [[La Liga]] na mabao saba katika misimu 11, akiwa na klabu za Deportivo de La Coruña, Real Sociedad na FC Barcelona na akashinda mataji sita makubwa. ==Klabu== Alizaliwa Mondragón, Basque Country (autonomous community), na kabla ya soka, mchezo wake wa kwanza ulikuwa track and field, ambako alikuwa na rekodi binafsi ya mita 100 ya sekunde 10.05.<ref name=DONOSTI>{{cite news|url=https://www.sport.es/es/noticias/barca/que-fue-lopez-rekarte-donosti-himalaya-6689965|title=¿Qué fue de López Rekarte? De Donosti al Himalaya|trans-title=What happened to López Rekarte? From Donosti to the Himalayas|newspaper=[[Sport (Spanish newspaper)|Sport]]|first=Javier|last=Giraldo|language=es|date=15 March 2018|access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.noticiasdealava.eus/alaves/2021/01/23/gloria-barro-100-anos-zorionak/1075409.html|title=100 años entre la gloria y el barro|trans-title=100 years between the glory and the mud|newspaper=Noticias de Álava|first=Borja|last=Mallo|language=es|date=22 January 2021|access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 1zkgt28kfets94qx2t4c5ftfvm83nnq 0 234508 1542065 2026-05-13T17:37:02Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roberto López Ufarte''' (amezaliwa [[19 Aprili]], [[1958]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[Forward (association football)|mshambuliaji]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani *“The little devil”*, na sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ya miaka 15 aliitumia akiwa na Real Sociedad, ambako alicheza misimu 12 na kushinda mataji manne makubwa, yakiwemo mataji mawili ya [[La Liga]]. Pia aliichezea Atlético...' 1542065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roberto López Ufarte''' (amezaliwa [[19 Aprili]], [[1958]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[Forward (association football)|mshambuliaji]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani *“The little devil”*, na sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake ya miaka 15 aliitumia akiwa na Real Sociedad, ambako alicheza misimu 12 na kushinda mataji manne makubwa, yakiwemo mataji mawili ya [[La Liga]]. Pia aliichezea Atlético Madrid na Real Betis na kwa jumla alikusanya mechi 418 na mabao 112 katika mashindano rasmi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1988/07/03/deportes/583884009_850215.html|title=López Ufarte firmó con el Betis por dos temporadas|trans-title=López Ufarte signed with Betis for two seasons|newspaper=[[El País]]|first=Juan|last=Méndez|language=es|date=3 July 1988|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1989/07/03/pagina-12/1199609/pdf.html|title=No hubo milagre en Sevilla|trans-title=No miracle in Seville|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|first=Ricardo|last=Ríos|language=es|date=3 July 1989|access-date=2 March 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1958|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] nzywzfqoalfw7cp4quxfos0gwf3phys 0 234509 1542067 2026-05-13T17:43:05Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antonio López Guerrero''' (amezaliwa [[13 Septemba]], [[1981]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kushoto. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Atlético Madrid, ambako alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300 za mashindano rasmi na kushinda mataji manne makubwa, yakiwemo mataji mawili ya UEFA Europa League. Pia alichezea katika [[La Liga]] akiwa na CA Osasuna na RCD Mallorca.<ref>{{cit...' 1542067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio López Guerrero''' (amezaliwa [[13 Septemba]], [[1981]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kushoto. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Atlético Madrid, ambako alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300 za mashindano rasmi na kushinda mataji manne makubwa, yakiwemo mataji mawili ya UEFA Europa League. Pia alichezea katika [[La Liga]] akiwa na CA Osasuna na RCD Mallorca.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.terra.com/deportes/articulo/html/fox489637.htm|title=Perea, Jurado, Seitaridis y Valera, bajas frente al Betis|trans-title=Perea, Jurado, Seitaridis and Valera, unavailable against Betis|publisher=[[Terra (company)|Terra]]|language=Spanish|date=1 December 2007|accessdate=21 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://elpais.com/diario/2002/12/16/deportes/1039993212_850215.html|title=Tercera victoria consecutiva de Osasuna en casa|trans-title=Third straight home win for Osasuna|newspaper=[[El País]]|last=Soto|first=Víctor|language=Spanish|date=16 December 2002|accessdate=28 January 2017}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] pdxyg6kk8vgsz24gec4fv4wg8qjoarm 0 234510 1542068 2026-05-13T17:44:24Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bruce Jay Wasserstein''' ([[Desemba 25]], [[1947]] – [[Oktoba 14]], [[2009]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] , na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa maarufu katika tasnia ya muungano na ununuzi (mergers and acquisitions), akihusika na shughuli 1,000 zenye thamani ya jumla ya takriban dola bilioni 250. Kufikia Septemba 17, [[2008]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 2.3 .<ref>{{Cite news| url =https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/oct/...' 1542068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bruce Jay Wasserstein''' ([[Desemba 25]], [[1947]] – [[Oktoba 14]], [[2009]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] , na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa maarufu katika tasnia ya muungano na ununuzi (mergers and acquisitions), akihusika na shughuli 1,000 zenye thamani ya jumla ya takriban dola bilioni 250. Kufikia Septemba 17, [[2008]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 2.3 .<ref>{{Cite news| url =https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/oct/22/bruce-wasserstein-obituary|title=Bruce Wasserstein obituary|author=David Brewerton|work=[[The Guardian]] |date = October 22, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hlrecord.org/in-memoriam-bruce-wasserstein-went-from-nader-acolyte-to-wall-street-legend/|title=In memoriam: Bruce Wasserstein went from Nader acolyte to Wall Street legend|date=October 23, 2009|access-date=September 26, 2024|author=The Record|website=[[Harvard Law Record]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2009]] 19syd95q8x8aeqvm9zuztdey86l0zuy 0 234511 1542070 2026-05-13T17:46:24Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diego López Rodríguez''' (amezaliwa [[3 Novemba]], [[1981]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama golikipa. Baada ya kutumia miaka saba akiwa na Real Madrid CF akicheza katika timu zake mbalimbali, alijitokeza zaidi katika [[La Liga]] akiwa na Villarreal CF, ambapo alicheza mechi 230 za mashindano rasmi katika kipindi cha misimu mitano. Mwaka 2013, baada ya muda mfupi akiwa na Sevilla FC alirejea...' 1542070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diego López Rodríguez''' (amezaliwa [[3 Novemba]], [[1981]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama golikipa. Baada ya kutumia miaka saba akiwa na Real Madrid CF akicheza katika timu zake mbalimbali, alijitokeza zaidi katika [[La Liga]] akiwa na [[Villarreal CF, ambapo alicheza mechi 230 za mashindano rasmi katika kipindi cha misimu mitano. Mwaka 2013, baada ya muda mfupi akiwa na Sevilla FC alirejea tena Real Madrid.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://as.com/futbol/2021/11/02/primera/1635882282_169406.html|title=Diego López: 40 años, 40 paradas|trans-title=Diego López: 40 years, 40 saves|newspaper=[[Diario AS]]|first=Iván|last=Molero|language=es|date=3 November 2021|access-date=2 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2018/03/06/espanyol/888359-diego-lopez-el-gallego-que-freno-a-leo-messi.html|title=Diego López, el gallego que frenó a Leo Messi|trans-title=Diego López, the Galician who stopped Leo Messi|publisher=[[Vavel]]|first=Pedro|last=Armas González|language=es|date=6 March 2018|access-date=1 February 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] onqft5i485ugj1q25vuwj6qkpw2vk6l 0 234512 1542071 2026-05-13T17:51:03Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sanford I. "Sandy" Weill''' (Alizaliwa [[Machi 16]], [[1933]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], mwekezaji, na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji na mwenyekiti wa zamani wa Citigroup. Alihudumu katika nafasi hizo kuanzia [[1998]] hadi [[Oktoba 1]], [[2003]], na [[Aprili 18]], [[2006]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/biography/Sanford-I-Weill|title=Sanford I. Weill – American financier and philanthropist|access-date=September...' 1542071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sanford I. "Sandy" Weill''' (Alizaliwa [[Machi 16]], [[1933]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], mwekezaji, na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji na mwenyekiti wa zamani wa Citigroup. Alihudumu katika nafasi hizo kuanzia [[1998]] hadi [[Oktoba 1]], [[2003]], na [[Aprili 18]], [[2006]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/biography/Sanford-I-Weill|title=Sanford I. Weill – American financier and philanthropist|access-date=September 10, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Sandy_Weill.aspx|title=Sandy Weill Facts, information, pictures – Encyclopedia.com articles about Sandy Weill|access-date=September 10, 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] llh7f4r7073w796t0nux2zizts0mtc3 0 234513 1542074 2026-05-13T17:53:50Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fermín López Marín''' (amezaliwa [[11 Mei]], [[2003]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Fermín''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji au [[winga]] wa klabu ya FC Barcelona inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Alizaliwa [[El Campillo]], [[Huelva]], [[Mkoa]] wa [[Huelva]], katika eneo la [[Andalusia]], López alianza kuch...' 1542074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fermín López Marín''' (amezaliwa [[11 Mei]], [[2003]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Fermín''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji au [[winga]] wa klabu ya FC Barcelona inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Alizaliwa [[El Campillo]], [[Huelva]], [[Mkoa]] wa [[Huelva]], katika eneo la [[Andalusia]], López alianza kucheza mpira na klabu ya eneo lake ya El Campillo, kabla ya kwenda Recreativo de Huelva. Baadaye alijiunga na Real Betis mwaka 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fermín |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/first-team/players/118929/fermin-lopez |access-date=9 January 2025 |publisher=FC Barcelona}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20220819/1001853616/barca-atletic-cede-fermin-lopez-linares.html |title=El Barça Atlètic cede a Fermín López al Linares |date=19 August 2022 |website=Mundo Deportivo}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2003|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] aer5ezqm5n0uosutna8tyk9u03u3r4b 1542136 1542074 2026-05-13T18:47:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542136 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fermín López Marín''' (amezaliwa [[11 Mei]], [[2003]]), anayejulikana kwa jina la '''Fermín''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji au [[winga]] wa klabu ya FC Barcelona inayoshiriki [[La Liga]], pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Hispania. ==Klabu== ===Mwanzo wa kariya=== Alizaliwa [[El Campillo]], [[Huelva]], [[Mkoa]] wa [[Huelva]], katika eneo la [[Andalusia]], López alianza kucheza mpira na klabu ya eneo lake ya El Campillo, kabla ya kwenda Recreativo de Huelva. Baadaye alijiunga na Real Betis mwaka 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fermín |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/football/first-team/players/118929/fermin-lopez |access-date=9 January 2025 |publisher=FC Barcelona}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/futbol/fc-barcelona/20220819/1001853616/barca-atletic-cede-fermin-lopez-linares.html |title=El Barça Atlètic cede a Fermín López al Linares |date=19 August 2022 |website=Mundo Deportivo}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|2003|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] c2z7eo3vnb24l9z7b5z1gh0lqt4q84s 0 234514 1542075 2026-05-13T17:57:23Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Francisco Javier López García''' (amezaliwa [[Laredo]], [[Cantabria]] [[14 Oktoba]], [[1950]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya mpira== Katika miaka yake ya awali, López alichezea Gimnástica de Torrelavega (1967–69), Racing de Santander (1969–70) na Real Betis (1970–82). Alicheza misimu tisa ya [[La Liga]] akiwa na klabu ya mwisho, akikusanya jumla ya mechi 266 na m...' 1542075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francisco Javier López García''' (amezaliwa [[Laredo]], [[Cantabria]] [[14 Oktoba]], [[1950]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. ==Kazi ya mpira== Katika miaka yake ya awali, López alichezea Gimnástica de Torrelavega (1967–69), Racing de Santander (1969–70) na Real Betis (1970–82). Alicheza misimu tisa ya [[La Liga]] akiwa na klabu ya mwisho, akikusanya jumla ya mechi 266 na mabao 25.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1977/06/26/pagina-4/1030780/pdf.html|title=2–2: Los andaluces remontaron dos ventajas vascas|trans-title=2–2: The Andalusians countered Basques' advantage twice|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|language=Spanish|date=26 June 1977|accessdate=5 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1978/05/08/pagina-8/1455395/pdf.html|title=1–0: El Real Betis, a Segunda|trans-title=1–0: Real Betis, to ''Segunda''|newspaper=Mundo Deportivo|language=Spanish|date=8 May 1978|accessdate=28 April 2016}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1950|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 4j7a0rktuykfth2t85f9sq2l8vcu9dh 0 234515 1542076 2026-05-13T17:59:59Z Lebu Ayiga 82030 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1325236650|Water supply and sanitation in Kenya]]" 1542076 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya''' ina sifa ya viwango vya chini vya upatikanaji wa maji na [[usafi wa mazingira]], hasa katika [[Kitongoji duni|miji duni]] na maeneo ya [[Eneo la vijijini|vijijini]], pamoja na ubora duni wa huduma kwa namna ya ugavi wa maji wa vipindi. [[Uhaba wa maji]] wa msimu na kikanda nchini [[Kenya]] huongeza ugumu wa kuboresha usambazaji wa maji. Sekta ya maji ya [[Kenya]] ilipitia marekebisho makubwa kupitia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka wa 2002. Hapo awali utoaji wa huduma ulikuwa uwajibikaji wa Shirika moja la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba pamoja na huduma chache za ndani zilizoimarishwa tangu mwaka wa 1996. Baada ya kupitishwa kwa utoaji wa huduma ya sheria, utoaji wa huduma uligawanywa polepole kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji wa ndani (WSPs) 91. Hizi ziliunganishwa na Bodi 8 za mikoa ya Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinazowajibikia usimamizi wa mali kupitia makubaliano ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) na WSPs. Sheria hiyo pia iliunda bodi ya udhibiti ya kitaifa ambayo hufanya upimaji wa utendaji, kufanya uwekaji alama wa utendaji na inasimamia kuidhinisha SPAs na marekebisho ya ushuru. Kwa muswada wa Maji, 2014, kazi za WSBs 8 zilihamishiwa kwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Kazi za Maji kwenye kila [[Wilaya, tarafa na kata za Kenya|kaunti ya Kenya]] . Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inaendelea kuongoza katika masuala ya sera za utoaji wa maji, wakati Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira ikidhibiti miongozo inayohusu usafi wa mazingira. Licha ya kuwa ushuru wa maji mijini ni mkubwa ikilinganishwa na nchi za kanda (wastani wa KSh.60/= au US$0.60 kwa mita ya ujazo mwaka 2014), viwango hivi vinatosha tu kugharamia uendeshaji, na si gharama za uwekezaji wa mtaji. Urejeshaji kamili wa gharama unakwamishwa na mambo kadhaa, ikiwemo kiwango kikubwa cha maji yanayopotea bila kuingiza mapato (wastani wa 42%). Kwa kuzingatia gharama ya uzalishaji, hasara nchi nzima kutokana na maji yasiyolipiwa mnamo 2014 ilikadiriwa kuwa KSh.5.2 bilioni/=, ambayo ni sawa na dola milioni 52 za Marekani.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=M |first=Nduta Mbarathi |date=2014 |title=Savings and Mobile Banking Services amongst Poor Women within Kenya's Rural Agricultural Sector |url=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |journal=SSRN Electronic Journal |doi=10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |issn=1556-5068}}</ref> Sababu nyingine ni ulazima wa kutafuta vyanzo vya maji vilivyo mbali sana kwa gharama kubwa katika maeneo fulani. Kwa mfano, jiji la Mombasa hupata maji yake kutoka chanzo kilicho umbali wa kilomita 220. Ingawa 16% ya wakazi wa mijini nchini Kenya wana huduma ya maji taka, hakuna tozo maalumu ya maji taka, hali inayofanya huduma hii ghali kutolewa bila malipo yoyote. == Vyanzo vya data na tafsiri == Upataji wa takwimu za kuaminika katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya ni changamoto kutokana na kuripoti kutokamilika na matumizi ya fasili zinazotofautiana. Maelezo ya kitaifa yanayotoa picha halisi yanapatikana kupitia vyanzo viwili vikuu: sensa za kila muongo, ambapo ijayo inatazamiwa kufanyika mwaka wa 2029, pamoja na Utafiti wa Afya na Idadi ya Watu unaotekelezwa kila baada ya miaka mitano na Shirika la Kitaifa la Takwimu la Kenya (KNBS). Takwimu hizi huchambuliwa na Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) wa mashirika ya WHO na UNICEF ili kupima hatua zilizofikiwa katika [[Malengo endelevu|Malengo ya Maendeleo Endelevu]](SDG's) . <ref name="track">African Ministers' Council on Water, AMCOW and Water and Sanitation Program (2006) [http://www.wsp.org/UserFiles/file/27200752445_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water Supply and Sanitation – A Status Review of Sixteen African Countries]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, pp.33–43. </ref> Hata hivyo, taarifa hizi huangazia tu uwepo wa miundombinu ya maji na usafi. Hazibainishi iwapo maji hayo ni salama kwa matumizi, yanatosheleza mahitaji, yanapatikana bila kukatika, au kama gharama zake ni himilivu kwa wananchi. Rasilimali nyingine ya maana ya takwimu ni "ripoti ya utendaji" (Impact Report) inayotolewa kila mwaka na mamlaka ya udhibiti wa maji, WASREB, tangu mwaka wa 2008. Ripoti hii imewezesha upatikanaji wa maelezo ya kina kwa umma kuhusu makampuni mengi ya kutoa huduma za maji, jambo ambalo ni hatua kubwa ikilinganishwa na miaka ya nyuma au mataifa mengine mengi. Pamoja na hayo, takwimu hizi huangazia tu idadi ya watu wanaopata huduma kutoka kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs), kundi ambalo halijumuishi idadi ya watu wote nchini Kenya, na kuacha nyuma sehemu kubwa ya maeneo ya vijijini. == Rasilimali za maji == [[Faili:KerioRiver-Dry.JPG|thumb|300x300px|[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]] katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] wakati wa kiangazi.]] Kiwango cha rasilimali za maji safi zinazoweza kurejereka nchini Kenya kinakadiriwa kuwa kilomita za ujazo 20.2 kwa mwaka, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na mita za ujazo 647 kwa kila mwananchi kwa mwaka. nakadiriwa kuwa jumla ya maji yanayochotwa kila mwaka ni zaidi ya kilomita za ujazo 2.7, ikiwa ni chini ya asilimia 14 ya rasilimali zote zilizopo. Pamoja na hayo, upatikanaji wa rasilimali hizi hutofautiana mno kulingana na majira na maeneo tofauti ya nchi. Maeneo mengi nchini hupata misimu miwili ya mvua, ambapo mvua za masika kwa kawaida hunyesha kuanzia mwezi Machi hadi Mei, huku mvua za vuli zikitarajiwa kati ya Oktoba na Novemba. Vilevile, Kenya hukabiliwa na mzunguko wa ukame na mafuriko kila baada ya miaka mitatu au minne, majanga ambayo huathiri sehemu kubwa ya jamii. Kipindi cha ukame mkali zaidi kilichoshuhudiwa hivi karibuni kilianzia mwaka wa 2007 hadi mwishoni mwa 2009, na kusababisha athari hasi katika nyanja zote za kiuchumi. Kiwango cha wastani cha mvua nchini ni milimita 630 kwa mwaka, ingawa takwimu hizi zinatofautiana kulingana na kanda; kaskazini mwa Kenya hupata chini ya milimita 200, ilhali maeneo ya miteremko ya Mlima Kenya hupokea zaidi ya milimita 1,800. [[Faili:KerioRiver-Flowing.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Mto Kerio ukitiririka baada ya mvua kubwa ya masika katika eneo hilo, ikionyesha tofauti kubwa katika upatikanaji wa maji kati ya msimu wa kiangazi na wa mvua.]] === Maji ya juu === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] imegawanyika katika mabonde makuu matano ya mifereji ya maji. Mfumo wa maji wa Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] ulioko Magharibi mwa Kenya ni sehemu ya Bonde la [[Nile|Mto Nile]]. Aidha, mfumo wa mifereji ya maji ya ndani katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] unajumuisha mito na maziwa mbalimbali, yakiwemo maziwa makubwa ya maji baridi kama vile [[Turkana (ziwa)|Ziwa Turkana]], [[Ziwa Baringo]], na [[Ziwa Naivasha]], pamoja na mito kama Mto Kerio na maziwa kadhaa ya chumvi. Mifumo ya maji ya [[Athi]], [[Tana (mto)|Tana]], na Ewaso Ng'iro Kaskazini yote inaelekeza maji yake kuelekea [[Bahari ya Hindi]]. Kuna tofauti kubwa ya mgawanyo wa rasilimali za maji nchini, ambapo Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] linaongoza kwa kuwa na zaidi ya asilimia 50 ya maji yote, huku Bonde la [[Athi]] likiwa na kiasi kidogo zaidi. Ni mabonde ya [[Tana (mto)|Tana]] na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] pekee yanayofurahia ziada ya maji, wakati mabonde mengine matatu yaliyosalia yakikumbwa na uhaba mkubwa. Jiji kuu la [[Nairobi]] hupata maji yake kutoka kwa mifumo miwili mikuu ya mabonde ya mito. Vyanzo vya kale zaidi, ambavyo ni Chemchemi za Kikuyu (zilizofunguliwa tangu 1906) na Bwawa la Ruiru (tangu 1938), vinapatikana ndani ya Bonde la [[Mto Athi]]. Kwa upande mwingine, mabwawa ya Sasumua, Ndakaini-Thika (tangu 1996), na Chania-B yanahudumia [[Nairobi]] kupitia mfumo wa kuhamisha maji kutoka Bonde la [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]]. Takriban asilimia 20 ya mahitaji ya jiji hutoshelezwa na maji ya ardhini, kiasi kinachokadirika kufikia mita za ujazo 60,000 hadi 70,000 kila siku. . [[Mombasa]], ambalo ni jiji la pili kwa ukubwa nchini, linakidhi mahitaji yake ya maji kupitia mtambo wa Marere upande wa kusini-magharibi, Baricho katika sehemu ya chini ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], na Chemchemi za Mzima zilizoko sehemu ya juu ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], ambapo maji hayo husafirishwa kupitia bomba lenye urefu wa kilomita 220 hadi jijini. === Maji ya chini ya ardhi === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] hutegemea rasilimali za maji ya juu, kama vile mito, maziwa, na hifadhi za mabwawa, pamoja na maji ya chini ya ardhi. Kiwango cha utegemezi wa maji ya ardhini ni kikubwa zaidi katika maeneo ya vijijini na kanda ya pwani, ambapo hata miji ya maeneo hayo hutumia maji hayo ya chini ya ardhi kama chanzo kikuu. <ref name=":24">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hydrogeology of Kenya - MediaWiki|url=https://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Kenya|accessdate=2023-01-26|work=earthwise.bgs.ac.uk|language=en-GB}}</ref> Uvunaji wa maji ya ardhini una nafasi kubwa ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji nchini Kenya, ingawa matumizi yake yanakwamishwa na ubora duni, uchimbaji uliokithiri, kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi katika kanda ya pwani, na upungufu wa takwimu kuhusu upatikanaji wa rasilimali hiyo. Uendelevu wa miundombinu ya maji ya ardhini, hasa vijijini, ni changamoto nyingine; mara nyingi jukumu la kukarabati pampu za mkono zilizoharibika huachwa mikononi mwa jamii husika. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Tim |last2=Hope |first2=Rob |date=2016-10-01 |title=A multi-decadal and social-ecological systems analysis of community waterpoint payment behaviours in rural Kenya |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f73e5ad6-23a5-4457-be0a-fbf7a2249b8b/files/m2dee4103c3f1a4a59156b8962e7c5b3c |journal=Journal of Rural Studies |language=en |volume=47 |pages=85–96 |doi=10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.026 |issn=0743-0167 |s2cid=156255059}}</ref> Hivi sasa, [[Kenya]] ni miongoni mwa mataifa yanayofanya majaribio ya mfumo wa matengenezo ya kitaalamu kama njia mbadala ya kuhakikisha mifumo ya usambazaji maji inadumu kwa muda mrefu. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Goodall |first3=Susanna |last4=Katuva |first4=Jacob |last5=Hope |first5=Rob |date=2021-04-01 |title=Institutional pluralism and water user behavior in rural Africa |journal=World Development |language=en |volume=140 |doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105231 |issn=0305-750X |s2cid=233566959 |doi-access=free |article-number=105231}}</ref> Kwa sababu ya uhaba wa vyanzo vya maji ya juu katika maeneo kame, maji ya ardhini ndiyo tegemeo kuu kwa mahitaji ya maji katika sehemu kubwa ya nchi. Tabaka muhimu za miamba ya maji (aquifers) zinapatikana katika maeneo yenye asili ya volkeno na mchanga wa kwnatanari (quaternary sediments), pamoja na maeneo ya mashapo yenye miamba ya metamofiki kaskazini na pwani ya Kenya. Takriban mita za ujazo milioni 57.21 za maji ya ardhini zilivunwa nchini Kenya mnamo mwaka wa 2012. <ref name=":2">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> == Ufikiaji == [[Faili:Children_and_open_sewer_in_Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|[[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]], Nairobi, mfano wa ukosefu wa huduma za msingi za usafi.]] === Ugavi wa maji === Takwimu za Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) zinaashiria kuwa asilimia 58 ya Wakenya walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji ya kunywa mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ambapo mijini ilikuwa ni 83% na vijijini 50%. Inaripotiwa kuwa asilimia 22 ya idadi ya watu (45% mijini na 14% vijijini) wana ufikiaji wa maji ya bomba majumbani au ndani ya viwanja vyao. Kulingana na JMP, kiwango cha upatikanaji wa vyanzo vilivyoboreshwa maeneo ya mijini kilishuka kutoka 92% mwaka wa 1990 hadi 82% mnamo 2015. Kinyume na hali hiyo, maeneo ya vijijini yalishuhudia ongezeko la ufikiaji kutoka 33% hadi 57% katika kipindi hicho cha muda. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, idadi ya jumla ya Wakenya ambao hawakuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji safi ilifikia watu milioni 19. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Ripoti ya WASREB ya mwaka 2016-17 inaashiria kuwa asilimia 55 ya idadi ya watu nchini walikuwa na uwezo wa "kupata huduma za maji." <ref name="Impact 2015">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2016 – 2017|url=https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/|accessdate=23 August 2018|archivedate=28 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128203220/https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/}}</ref> Hapo awali, kwa kutumia kigezo cha "upatikanaji wa maji uliopimwa" (weighted access), Ripoti ya Utendaji ya 2009 ilikadiria kuwa mnamo 2006–2007 ni asilimia 37 tu ya Wakenya waliokuwa wakipata maji safi na ya kutosha ya kunywa karibu na makazi yao kwa gharama himilivu. Tofauti kubwa za kimaeneo katika ufikiaji wa huduma hizi ziliripotiwa: kiwango cha juu zaidi kilishuhudiwa katika eneo la Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Tetu Aberdare (72%), huku kiwango cha chini kabisa kikirekodiwa kule Muthambi, [[Wilaya ya Meru Kusini]] (4%). Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha upatikanaji kwa kipindi hicho kiliripotiwa kuwa 35%, takwimu ambayo ni tofauti na ile ya 46% iliyoripotiwa awali kwa mwaka 2005-2006, ambayo ilichukuliwa kuwa isiyoakisi hali halisi. ==== Vyanzo vya maji ==== [[Faili:Daily_water_sources_chosen_by_households_in_rural_Kenya.jpg|thumb|Uongo wa chanzo kimoja cha maji ya kunywa kijijini: Badala yake, kuna vyanzo kadhaa vya maji ambavyo kaya katika maeneo ya vijijini Kenya huchagua. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Hope |first=Rob |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Koehler |first3=Johanna |last4=Foster |first4=Tim |date=2020-01-06 |title=Rethinking the economics of rural water in Africa |url=https://academic.oup.com/oxrep/article/36/1/171/5696680 |journal=Oxford Review of Economic Policy |language=en |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=171–190 |doi=10.1093/oxrep/grz036 |hdl=10453/142771 |issn=0266-903X |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref>]] Jamii maskini, hususan akina mama na wasichana, hupoteza muda mwingi wakitafuta maji katika maeneo ya vijijini na mijini. Kwa mfano, utafiti wa Kadi ya Ripoti ya Wananchi wa mwaka 2007 ulibainisha kuwa wateja wa vibanda vya maji mijini huchota maji mara nne hadi sita kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Kisumu]], hali hii ilisababisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini kutumia dakika 112 kwa siku kutafuta maji wakati wa hali ya kawaida, na kufikia hadi dakika 200 kila siku nyakati za uhaba mkubwa Shajara za maji zimekuwa zikitumika kuwekwa kumbukumbu za vyanzo, matumizi, na gharama za maji katika ngazi ya familia vijijini nchini Kenya. <ref name=":5">{{Rejea jarida |last=Hoque |first=Sonia Ferdous |last2=Hope |first2=Robert |date=2018 |title=The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya |url=https://iwaponline.com/wp/article/20/4/725/39060/The-water-diary-method-proofofconcept-and-policy |journal=Water Policy |language=en |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=725–743 |doi=10.2166/wp.2018.179 |issn=1366-7017 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wakazi wa maeneo ya vijijini hutumia vyanzo mbalimbali vya maji, ambapo baadhi hugharamiwa na vingine hupatikana bila malipo yoyote. Vyanzo hivyo ni pamoja na uvunaji wa maji ya mvua (kupitia miamba au mapaa), visima vya kuchimbwa kwa mkono au pampu za mkono—ambavyo vinaweza kuwa milki ya familia, watu binafsi, au vya kijiji. Machaguo mengine ni pamoja na vibanda vya maji, au wachuuzi wanaotumia punda, mikokoteni, na magari. Aidha, kuna vyanzo kama vile mashimo ya mchangani kwenye mito iliyokauka, mabwawa madogo (earth pans), mito, mifereji, pamoja na maji ya bomba yaliyounganishwa ndani ya nyumba au uwanjani. Kaya hizi hutumia maji hayo kwa ajili ya kunywa, kupika, kufanya usafi, kuoga, kunywesha mifugo, au kwa umwagiliaji mdogo. <ref name=":5" /> Shule za vijijini nchini Kenya mara nyingi hutegemea vyanzo vya maji viwili au vitatu tofauti, ambavyo vinaweza kuainishwa kama vyanzo vya ndani ya shule (kama vile maji ya bomba au uvunaji wa maji ya mvua) au vyanzo vya nje ya shule (vya "msingi", "visivyoboreshwa", au maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi). {{Rp|25}}Takriban asilimia 80 ya shule zote nchini Kenya (sawa na shule nne kati ya tano) zimewekewa mifumo ya kuvuna maji ya mvua. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|23}}Pamoja na hayo, wakati wa kiangazi kati ya mwezi Juni na Oktoba, shule nyingi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi ili kukidhi mahitaji yao. <ref name=":3" />{{rp|33}} === Usafi wa mazingira === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ilikadiriwa kuwa jumla ya Wakenya milioni 32 walikuwa bado hawajapata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Makadirio ya kitaifa ya mwaka 2015 kutoka kwa JMP yanaashiria kuwa asilimia 30 ya Wakenya (43% mijini na 28% vijijini) walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira, ikiwemo mifumo ya maji taka. Katika maeneo ya mijini, asilimia 27 nyingine ya wakazi walitegemea vyoo vya kuchangia, huku takriban 12% ya watu waishio vijijini wakikadiriwa kuendelea na tabia ya kujisaidia nje. Ripoti ya mwaka 2015 ya Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) haikutoa takwimu za jumla kuhusu usafi wa mazingira, badala yake iliangazia tu ufikiaji wa huduma za maji taka mijini ambao ulikadiriwa kufikia asilimia 16. <ref name="Impact 2015">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2016 – 2017|url=https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/|accessdate=23 August 2018|archivedate=28 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128203220/https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2006–2007, iliripotiwa kuwa nusu ya Wakenya walioishi ndani ya maeneo yanayohudumiwa na makampuni 55 ya WSP walikuwa na ufikiaji wa miundombinu ya usafi iliyoboreshwa. Ufafanuzi huu unajumuisha vyoo vya kusuuza, mifumo iliyounganishwa na mabomba au matangi ya maji taka, vyoo vya shimo vilivyoboreshwa (VIP), na vyoo vya kawaida vya shimo. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha huduma hizi kilikadiriwa kuwa asilimia 23 pekee katika kipindi hicho cha 2006–2007. Hata hivyo, Utafiti wa Bajeti Jumuishi ya Kaya nchini wa mwaka 2006 ulitoa takwimu ya juu zaidi ya asilimia 84, ikijumuisha matumizi ya vyoo vya kuchangia pamoja na mashimo mafupi. == Ubora wa huduma == Mamlaka ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) husimamia kwa karibu ubora wa huduma zinazotolewa na kampuni za WSP, kwa shabaha ya kuchochea ushindani wa kiutendaji na uboreshaji wa huduma. Miongoni mwa vigezo vikuu vinavyotumika kupima ubora huo ni pamoja na usafi wa maji, upatikanaji wa maji bila kukatika, na ufanisi katika usafishaji wa maji taka. === Ubora wa maji === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, WASREB iliripoti kuwa makampuni 23 ya maji yalitoa maji ya ubora wa juu (yanayozingatia viwango kwa zaidi ya 95%), huku makampuni 15 yakiwa na ubora unaoridhisha, na mengine 53 yakitajwa kuwa na ubora usiozingatia vigezo (chini ya 90%). Vipimo vilivyotumika viliangazia kiasi cha klorini (uzito wa 40%) na vigezo vya kibakteria (uzito wa 60%). Ikiwa idadi ya sampuli zilizokusanywa ilikuwa pungufu ya kiwango kilichowekwa, alama za ufuataji wa viwango zilipunguzwa. Miji ya [[Kericho]] na [[Kisumu]] iliongoza kwa kufikia asilimia 100 ya ufuataji wa viwango hivyo. Aidha, ripoti ya raia ya mwaka 2007 katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Mombasa]], na [[Kisumu]] ilibainisha mtazamo wa wateja: takriban asilimia 70 ya kaya zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu wa maji ziliridhika na ladha, harufu, pamoja na weupe wa maji hayo. Pamoja na hayo, wakazi wengi bado hutibu maji kabla ya kuyatumia, hali inayodhihirisha hofu na kutokuwa na imani kamili na ubora wa maji yanayosambazwa. Katika maeneo yanayotegemea maji ya ardhini kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, kuna haja ya kutilia mkazo vigezo vya kikemia vya ubora wa maji hayo. Hali ya kikemia ya maji ya ardhini ni suala tete katika usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya kutokana na athari za kijiolojia (geogenic hazards), kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi, pamoja na shinikizo kutoka kwa maji taka na shughuli za kilimo, viwanda, na ukuaji wa miji. <ref name=":22">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> Hatari za kiafya zinazotokana na muundo wa kikemia wa maji ya ardhini zimesambaa kote nchini. Kwa mfano, huko kusini-mashariki mwa Kenya, kuna ripoti za kutelekezwa kwa visima vya pampu kutokana na viwango vikubwa vya chumvi na madini ya chuma. Watumiaji wa maji katika kanda hiyo huhusisha ladha ya chumvi ya maji ya ardhini na matatizo ya meno (dental fluorosis) pamoja na maradhi ya mfumo wa mmeng'enyo wa chakula. <ref name=":22" /> Uchafuzi wa kemikali umeenea sana katika maji ya ardhini yanayotumiwa kwa kunywa, ingawa vyanzo hivi havifanyiwi upimaji wa mara kwa mara. Vigezo muhimu vya kipaumbele vinajumuisha floridi, arseniki, nitrati, au viwango vya juu vya chumvi.<ref name=":22">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> Kwa ujumla, kuna upungufu wa takwimu za kutosha kusaidia uelewa mpana wa usambazaji wa hatari hizi nchini. <ref name=":22" /> Data iliyopo inaonekana kuemea upande mmoja kwa kuwa tafiti nyingi hulenga maeneo yanayofahamika kuwa na uchafuzi mkubwa pekee. Aidha, nchini Kenya kuna idadi ndogo sana ya maabara zenye uwezo na vifaa vya kufanya uchambuzi huu wa kina wa kikemikali. <ref name=":22" /> [[Faili:Kenya_Kisumu_Harbour_Hyacinths_1997ke09b21.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Katika Kisumu, ambayo hupokea maji yake kutoka Ziwa Victoria lililo karibu, zaidi ya 40% ya raia wanaripoti uhaba wa maji ya kunywa.]] === Muendelezo wa usambazaji === Ripoti ya Utendaji (Impact Report) ya mwaka 2015 inaonyesha kuongezeka kwa wastani wa usambazaji wa maji hadi saa 18 kwa siku, ikilinganishwa na saa 14 mnamo 2006–07. Ni kampuni tisa pekee za WSP, ambazo nyingi ni ndogo, zinazoweza kutoa huduma ya maji mfululizo kwa saa 24 kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], wakazi hupata maji kwa wastani wa saa 18 kwa siku, wakati kule [[Mombasa]] huduma hiyo inapatikana kwa saa 6 pekee. Pamoja na hayo, visa vya uhaba wa maji—ambavyo hufafanuliwa kama kukaa zaidi ya siku tano bila maji au kupata kiasi kisichotosheleza—bado ni changamoto nchini [[Kenya]]. Mnamo 2006, zaidi ya asilimia 40 ya kaya jijini [[Kisumu]] (maskini na zisizo maskini) zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu ziliripoti kukumbwa na uhaba. Tofauti kubwa zaidi ya upatikanaji wa maji kati ya wenye kipato cha juu na cha chini ilionekana [[Nairobi]], ambapo uwezekano wa kaya maskini kukosa maji ulikuwa mara mbili zaidi ya kaya tajiri. Vilevile, idadi kubwa ya wateja wanaotumia vibanda vya maji (kiosks) waliripoti uhaba kuliko wale wenye miunganisho ya nyumbani, hali inayodokeza kuwa wakati wa uhaba, vibanda hivi hupewa kipaumbele kidogo katika usambazaji. === Matibabu ya maji machafu === Kulingana na ripoti ya tathmini ya mwaka 2009, nchini Kenya kuna mifumo 43 ya maji taka pamoja na mitambo ya kusafisha maji machafu katika miji 15, inayohudumia jumla ya wakazi 900,000. Inakadiriwa kuwa ufanisi wa utendaji wa mitambo hii ni asilimia 16 tu ya uwezo wake uliokusudiwa. Sababu kuu zinazopelekea hali hii ni usimamizi na matengenezo yasiyotosheleza, pamoja na idadi ndogo ya majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka. Nchini Kenya, kiwango cha uunganishaji wa huduma hii kinakadiriwa kuwa asilimia 19, ingawa ripoti nyingine zinaashiria kuwa kiwango hicho kinaweza kuwa chini hadi asilimia 12. Ni takriban asilimia 60 tu ya maji machafu yanayoingia kwenye mtandao wa maji taka nchini hufika kwenye mitambo ya kusafisha. Mbinu kuu inayotumika nchini Kenya kwa ajili ya kusafisha maji hayo ni matumizi ya mabwawa ya kutuliza maji taka. Mfano mkuu ni Mfumo wa Mabwawa ya Dandora ulioko Nairobi, ambao hushughulikia maji taka kutoka viwandani na majumbani, na ndio mfumo mkubwa zaidi wa aina hiyo barani Afrika. Pamoja na hayo, kitendo cha kuchanganya maji taka ya viwandani na yale ya majumbani katika mfumo mmoja mchanganyiko mara nyingi husababisha kudorora kwa ufanisi wa mifumo ya kusafisha maji katika mabwawa mengi nchini. Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi (Citizen Report Card) inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka (septic tanks) hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Kisumu]], na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira., Kisumu, na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira. Mnamo mwaka wa 2001, kisa kibaya cha uchafuzi kilitokea katika mji wa [[Embu]]; maji taka ghafi yalitiririshwa kutoka kwenye mitambo ya kusafishia maji taka hadi mtoni, jambo lililosababisha vifo vya watu 28 waliotumia maji hayo kwa mahitaji ya nyumbani katika maeneo ya mkondo wa chini. == Historia na maendeleo ya hivi karibuni == Historia ya sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya imekumbwa na changamoto za mtawanyiko wa taasisi uliosababisha utendaji duni, jambo ambalo lilipelekea kufanyika kwa mfululizo wa mageuzi ya kimfumo. === Mwanzo === Historia ya mifumo ya maji ya bomba nchini Kenya ilianza wakati wa utawala wa Himaya ya Afrika Mashariki. Katika kipindi hicho, usambazaji wa maji ulilenga zaidi mahitaji ya makazi ya wakoloni. Usimamizi wa huduma hizi ulitekelezwa na Kitengo cha Hidroliki katika Idara ya Kazi za Umma, kilichoanzishwa kwanza mjini [[Mombasa]]. Aidha, ujenzi wa [[Reli ya Kenya-Uganda|Reli ya Uganda]] mnamo mwaka wa 1896 ulikuwa kichocheo kikuu cha upanuzi wa mabomba ya maji kuelekea maeneo ya ndani ya nchi kupitia njia ya reli. === Kipindi cha ukoloni === Kati ya mwaka wa 1920 na wakati wa kupata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za awali za kudhibiti usambazaji wa maji zilifanyika katika Koloni na nchi ya ulinzi ya Kenya, huku majukumu yakigawanywa miongoni mwa taasisi mbalimbali. Katika miaka ya 1950 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960, usimamizi wa sekta ya maji ulitenganishwa kati ya mamlaka tatu kuu: Wizara ya Ujenzi iliyohusika na mifumo ya maji katika vituo vya mijini; Mamlaka za Serikali za Mitaa zilizoidhinishwa kuwa na uwezo wa kusimamia huduma hiyo; na Idara ya Maendeleo ya Maji, iliyokuwa na jukumu la kuanzisha miradi mipya ya usambazaji wa maji mijini na vijijini. Usambazaji wa maji ghafi (bulk water) kwenda [[Mombasa]] ulifanywa na shirika la Mombasa Pipeline Board, huku uendeshaji wa kila siku wa miundombinu hiyo ukitekelezwa na idara ya maji. Kipindi hicho hakukuwa na mfumo mmoja jumuishi wa utawala na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. Mnamo 1952, Sheria ya Maji (Water Act Cap 372) ilitungwa, ambayo iliendelea kuwa msingi mkuu wa kisheria katika sekta ya maji hadi mwaka wa 2002. [[Faili:Ke-map.png|thumb|349x349px|Ramani ya Kenya.]] Katika sekta ndogo ya usafi wa mazingira, hakukuwa na mfumo thabiti wa kitaasisi uliokuwa ukifanya kazi. Kisheria, Amri ya Afya ya Umma ya mwaka 1921 iliipa Wizara ya Afya mamlaka ya kusimamia masuala ya usafi, ingawa utekelezaji wake ulikuwa adimu sana. Aidha, jamii za wenyeji zilionyesha kusita kukubali taratibu za usafi zilizokuwa zimeidhinishwa na serikali ya kikoloni. Hata hivyo, kati ya mwaka 1929 na 1939, kulifanyika kampeni kabambe za elimu ya afya ya umma ambazo zilichangia pakubwa katika kuenea kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya shimo nchini. Kufikia mwaka wa 1954, mifumo tofauti ya usafi wa mazingira ilikuwa ikitumika kulingana na maeneo mbalimbali nchini Kenya: vyoo vya shimo vilikuwa vimesambaa katika maeneo mengi ya vijijini (native reserves), huku vyoo vya ndoo vikitawala mijini, na mifumo ya kisasa ya maji ikitumiwa pekee katika makazi ya Wazungu kwenye miji mikuu. Wakati wa [[Mau Mau|usasi wa Mau Mau]], Waafrika wengi walizuiliwa katika kambi za kizuizini huku masoko ya ndani yakifungwa kwa hofu ya machafuko. Hali hii ilisababisha kudorora kwa huduma za usafi na kupelekea kuongezeka kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya jumuiya vilivyokosa usimamizi mzuri. === Kenya Huru (1963-1980) === Kenya ilipopata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za kurahisisha usimamizi wa sekta ya maji zilipelekea kuunganishwa kwa mashirika yote yaliyohusika na maji chini ya Wizara ya Kilimo mnamo 1964. Hata hivyo, mtawanyiko wa majukumu na mamlaka haukuwa bayana, hali iliyosababisha mkwamo wa utendaji na ukosefu wa ufanisi. Mnamo 1965, serikali ya Rais [[Jomo Kenyatta]], kupitia Karatasi ya Kikao Nambari 10 kuhusu Ujamaa wa Kiafrika na Matumizi yake katika Mipango nchini [[Kenya]], ilisisitiza kuwa sera za taifa sharti zilengwe katika kutokomeza umaskini, ujinga, na maradhi. Hatua hiyo ilianzisha kipindi cha serikali kushiriki kikamilifu katika uundaji wa sera za maji, ikiongozwa na dhana kuwa maji ni huduma muhimu ya kijamii inayopaswa kutolewa bila malipo au kwa ruzuku. Athari yake ni kwamba, kati ya mwaka wa 1970 na 1981, ushuru wa maji ulipunguzwa bei kwa kiasi kikubwa kupitia ruzuku, jambo ambalo lilienda kinyume na kanuni ya kurejesha gharama za uendeshaji. Katika kipindi chote cha miaka ya 1960, Programu ya Usafi wa Mazingira iliyofadhiliwa na [[Shirika la Afya Duniani|WHO]] na [[UNICEF]] ilitekelezwa nchini Kenya kwa shabaha ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii ndogo za vijijini, kuboresha mbinu za udhibiti wa taka, na kutoa elimu ya usafi wa mazingira kwa wakazi wa vijijini. Miradi ya usambazaji wa maji vijijini iliyobuniwa chini ya programu hiyo ilisimamiwa na Halmashauri za Wilaya (County Councils) zilizokuwa chini ya Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa. Ripoti ya UNICEF ya mwaka 1972 inaonyesha kuwa takriban miradi 560 ya aina hiyo ilikuwa ikifanya kazi nchini Kenya, ikihudumia jumla ya wakazi 664,000. Wakati huo huo, jamii za wenyeji zilianza kuunda mifumo yao ya maji na kuanzisha kamati maalum za usimamizi ambazo zilipata mafunzo ya kiufundi kuhusu usanifu wa mifumo, makadirio ya gharama, na kanuni za hidroliki (hydraulic calculations). Hata hivyo, utafiti wa ufuatiliaji uliofanywa na UNICEF mnamo 1974 ulibainisha changamoto nyingi zilizokuwa zikikwaza uendelevu wa miradi hiyo. Mnamo mwaka wa 1970, Serikali ya Kenya iliingia makubaliano ya mkopo na nchi ya Uswidi kwa ajili ya kufadhili miradi ya Maendeleo ya Usambazaji wa Maji Vijijini. Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) lilipewa jukumu la kufanya utafiti kuhusu hali ya maji nchini, na ripoti hiyo iliyokamilika mwaka wa 1973 ilibainisha uhaba mkubwa wa wataalamu wa kiufundi na maafisa wakuu wa kusimamia sekta hiyo. Ingawa wafadhili walichangia sehemu kubwa ya fedha za maendeleo, mapato ya ndani hayakutosheleza gharama za uendeshaji, huku serikali ikikosa mkakati wa muda mrefu wa uimarishaji wa huduma za maji. Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hizo, '''Wizara kamili ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji''' iliundwa mnamo 1974, ikichukua udhibiti wa miradi yote ya maji iliyokuwa chini ya serikali na mabaraza ya wilaya. Katika mwaka huo huo, Mpango Mkuu wa Kitaifa wa Maji (National Water Master Plan) ulizinduliwa ukiwa na lengo la kubuni mifumo mipya ya usambazaji na kuhakikisha kila Mkenya anapata maji safi katika umbali stahiki, chini ya kauli mbiu maarufu ya "Maji kwa wote ifikapo mwaka 2000". === Kipindi cha mpito (1980–1992) === Mnamo miaka ya 1980, Serikali ilianza kukumbwa na upungufu wa kibajeti uliokwamisha utekelezaji wa miradi kabambe ya kutoa huduma ya maji safi kwa wote na upanuzi wa miundombinu ya maji taka. Kutokana na hali hiyo, kipaumbele kilihamishiwa katika ukarabati wa miradi ya zamani na ujenzi wa miradi mikubwa ya kimkakati kama vile mifumo ya maji ya Baricho na [[Kilimanjaro (Moshi Mjini)|Kilimanjaro]]. Katika kipindi hicho, mnamo mwaka wa 1980, Baraza la Kitaifa la Usafi wa Mazingira liliundwa kwa lengo la kuelimisha jamii kuhusu manufaa ya kiafya ya usafi, pamoja na kuziongoza mamlaka za mitaa katika masuala hayo. Hata hivyo, baraza hilo lilidhoofika polepole na hatimaye kusitisha shughuli zake bila kutimiza majukumu yake makuu. Mnamo mwaka wa 1983, Utafiti wa Matumizi ya Maji uliofanywa na shirika la SIDA ulithibitisha kuwa hali ya wakati huo haikuwa endelevu, na hivyo kupendekeza ugatuzi wa mamlaka pamoja na kuiondolea Wizara majukumu ya uendeshaji na matengenezo. Katika jitihada za kuimarisha utendaji, ufanisi, na kupunguza mzigo wa kifedha katika sekta hiyo, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC) lilianzishwa mnamo Juni 1988. Jukumu kuu la shirika hilo lilikuwa ni kusimamia mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji iliyokuwa chini ya udhibiti wa serikali kwa kuzingatia misingi ya kibiashara. === Biashara ya huduma za ndani === Hata hivyo, mfumo wa usimamizi wa serikali kuu ulishindwa kuleta maboresho yaliyotarajiwa, hali iliyopelekea kuibuka kwa wazo la kuunda kampuni za kibiashara zinazomilikiwa na serikali za mitaa. Mnamo 1992, Mpango Mkuu wa Pili wa Kitaifa wa Maji uliandaliwa, huku sera mpya inayosisitiza ugatuzi wa mamlaka na mfumo unaozingatia mahitaji ya walaji ikijadiliwa kitaifa. Jiji la [[Eldoret]] lilichukua hatua mnamo 1994 kwa kuanzisha idara huru ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka iliyokuwa na usimamizi wa kifedha uliotengwa na bajeti ya manispaa. Bodi ya kampuni hiyo ilijumuisha wawakilishi kutoka mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, makundi ya wanawake, chemba ya biashara na viwanda, pamoja na Shirika la Watumiaji la Kenya. Jitihada hizi za kibiashara katika miji ya Eldoret, Nyeri, na Kericho zilifadhiliwa na shirika la ushirikiano wa maendeleo la Ujerumani (GIZ). Mbinu hii ilirasimishwa na Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa kupitia Sheria ya Makampuni (Sura ya 486 ya mwaka 1996), ambayo ilitoa mwanya wa kuanzishwa kwa makampuni ya maji na usafi wa mazingira yanayomilikiwa na umma lakini yanayoendeshwa kwa misingi ya kibiashara. <ref name="Nyangacha" /> Kufikia mwaka wa 2002, mfumo huu ulikuwa umeleta mafanikio makubwa katika miji ya [[Nyeri]] na [[Eldoret]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kupungua kwa upotevu wa maji, kuimarika kwa ukusanyaji wa maduhuli, na kupungua kwa malalamiko kutoka kwa wateja. Pamoja na hayo, makampuni ya maji katika miji ya [[Kitale]] na [[Nakuru]] yalilazimika kurudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa serikali kuu kutokana na changamoto za kifedha. Mnamo mwaka wa 1999, Sera ya kwanza ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji ilizinduliwa. Sera hiyo iliweka mwelekeo wa serikali kukabidhi usimamizi wa mifumo ya maji mijini kwa idara huru ndani ya mamlaka za mitaa, huku usambazaji wa maji vijijini ukiwekwa chini ya mamlaka ya jamii husika. Kifungu kingine muhimu katika hati hiyo kilikuwa ni kuunganisha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya kampuni moja ya huduma (utility). Sambamba na uandaji wa Sera hiyo ya Kitaifa, Serikali iliunda Kikosi Kazi cha Kitaifa kwa ajili ya kupitia upya Sheria ya Maji (Sura ya 372) na kuandaa marekebisho yaliyokusudiwa kuleta mabadiliko makubwa na ya kina katika sekta nzima. === Upangaji upya wa taasisi za maji (2002–2011) === Mfumo wa sasa wa kisheria wa sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya unazingatia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka 2002, ambayo ilianza kutumika rasmi mnamo Machi 2003. Sheria hii ya mwaka 2002 ilianzisha mageuzi ya kina yaliyojikita katika misingi ifuatayo: * Kutenganishwa kwa usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji na utoaji wa huduma za maji; * Kutenganishwa kwa utungaji wa sera na utekelezaji wa kila siku pamoja na udhibiti; * Ugatuzi wa majukumu kuelekea vyombo vya serikali katika ngazi za chini; * Ushirikishaji wa sekta binafsi na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali katika usimamizi na utoaji wa huduma; Utekelezaji wa misingi hii uliibua mabadiliko makubwa ya kimuundo katika sekta ya maji na kupelekea kuundwa kwa taasisi mpya. Sekretarieti ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji (WSRS) iliundwa kama kitengo cha mpito ndani ya Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji ili kusimamia mchakato wa kuanzisha taasisi hizo mpya. Mnamo mwaka wa 2004, Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF) ulianzishwa kwa lengo la kutoa ruzuku ya kifedha kwa ajili ya uwekezaji wa miundombinu katika maeneo yaliyotelekezwa na yenye huduma duni, ambayo mara nyingi hukaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Aidha, Mpango wa Uhamisho (Transfer Plan) ulibuniwa mwaka 2005 kupitia Ilani ya Kisheria Nambari 101, ukiwa na jukumu la kuratibu ukabidhi wa wafanyakazi na rasilimali kutoka serikali kuu kwenda kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) zilizokuwa zimeundwa kisheria. Ili kuongoza utekelezaji wa Sheria ya Maji, Rasimu ya Mkakati wa Kitaifa wa Huduma za Maji (NWSS) ya kipindi cha 2007–2015 iliandaliwa mnamo Juni 2007. Dhamira yake kuu ni "kutimiza malengo ya Milenia (MDGs) na Dira ya 2030 ya Serikali ya Kenya kuhusu upatikanaji wa maji salama, ya bei nafuu, na usafi wa msingi kupitia taasisi dhabiti ndani ya mfumo wa viwango na kanuni madhubuti". NWSS imejikita katika kutambua upatikanaji endelevu wa maji salama na usafi wa msingi kama haki ya binadamu na pia kama rasilimali yenye thamani ya kiuchumi. Miongoni mwa ahadi za msingi ni pamoja na: urejeshaji wa gharama za uendeshaji kwa watoa huduma ili kuhakikisha uendelevu wa huduma za maji na usafi kwa wote, pamoja na urasimishaji wa mifumo ya utoaji huduma. <ref name="track">African Ministers' Council on Water, AMCOW and Water and Sanitation Program (2006) [http://www.wsp.org/UserFiles/file/27200752445_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water Supply and Sanitation – A Status Review of Sixteen African Countries]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, pp.33–43. </ref> <ref name="MWI – SP">Ministry of Water and Irrigation: [http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RTWP%20-%20NWSS%20June%2007%20draft.pdf The National Water Services Strategy (NWSS)]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}} Retrieved 3 March 2010</ref> Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji (MWI) ilifafanua mipango ya utekelezaji inayolenga kusaidia jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Mnamo mwaka wa 2010, Kenya iliidhinisha Katiba mpya ambayo inatambua na kulinda haki za kimsingi za binadamu kuhusu maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya Kifungu cha 43(1). Kwa namna ya pekee, kifungu hicho kinabainisha kuwa kila mtu ana haki ya "kupata makazi bora na ya kutosha, pamoja na viwango stahiki vya usafi wa mazingira", sanjari na haki ya "kupata maji safi na salama kwa kiasi kinachokidhi mahitaji". === Muswada wa Maji wa 2015 na Sheria ya Maji ya Kitaifa ya 2016 === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, Muswada mpya wa Maji ulipitishwa ukiwa na lengo la kuzifanyia mabadiliko Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji (zilizokuwa kampuni za kumiliki rasilimali) na kuwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Miundombinu ya Maji katika kila kaunti nchini Kenya. Hatua hii inaendana na mfumo wa ugatuzi uliowekwa na Katiba ya Kenya ya mwaka 2010. Aidha, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba lilibadilishwa kuwa Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Uhifadhi wa Maji, huku Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji ikigeuzwa kuwa Tume ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji, na Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji kuwa Mamlaka ya Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ochieng|first=Wesonga|title=Kenya: Water Bill 2012 Set to Transform Water Sector|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201209250084.html|publisher=allAfrica.com|accessdate=27 December 2012|date=24 September 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Draft Water Bill 2012|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/257994-1335471959878/draft-water-bill-2012.pdf|accessdate=27 December 2012}}</ref> Muswada huu unachukuliwa kama toleo lililoboreshwa la Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002, badala ya kuwa mageuzi mapya ya kimsingi katika sekta hiyo. Muswada huo, ambao ulikuwa chini ya majadiliano tangu mwaka 2012, hatimaye ulipitishwa na Bunge kama Muswada wa Maji wa mwaka 2014 (Muswada Nambari 7 wa 2014) mnamo tarehe 7 Julai 2015. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Water Bill, 2014, Bill No. 7 of 2014|url=http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182|publisher=Republic of Kenya, Parliament|accessdate=10 October 2016|archivedate=11 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011055413/http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182}}</ref> Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2016 inafafanua vipengele kadhaa vya utoaji wa huduma pamoja na muundo wa taasisi mpya katika ngazi ya kaunti. Pamoja na hayo, mchakato wa utoaji wa bajeti katika ngazi za kaunti, hususan kwa ajili ya sekta ya maji vijijini na taasisi muhimu kama vile shule na zahanati, bado unakabiliwa na hali ya kutoeleweka vyema. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Nyaga |first2=Cliff |last3=Hope |first3=Rob |last4=Kiamba |first4=Pauline |last5=Gladstone |first5=Nancy |last6=Thomas |first6=Mike |last7=Mumma |first7=Albert |last8=Trevett |first8=Andrew |date=2022 |title=Water policy, politics, and practice: The case of Kitui County, Kenya |journal=Frontiers in Water |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/frwa.2022.1022730 |hdl=1871.1/f4db2fcc-1c4e-4a11-bb5e-24f22433693c |issn=2624-9375 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sheria hii inatambua rasmi mchango wa wadau wa umma na wale wa sekta binafsi katika sekta ya maji, ikitengeneza mazingira ya kisheria yanayowezesha ustawi wa watoa huduma za matengenezo ya kitaalamu. <ref name=":4" /> == Wajibu wa usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira == === Uundaji wa sera na uratibu wa sekta === '''Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji''' ndiyo taasisi kuu yenye dhamana ya kusimamia sekta ya maji nchini Kenya. Wizara hii imegawanywa katika idara tano muhimu: Utawala na Huduma Saidizi; Huduma za Maji; Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji; Umwagiliaji, Mifereji na Uhifadhi wa Maji; pamoja na Idara ya Urejeshaji wa Ardhi. Masuala ya usambazaji wa maji yanasimamiwa na Idara ya Huduma za Maji, ambayo majukumu yake ni pamoja na uundaji wa sera na mikakati ya huduma za maji na mifumo ya maji taka, uratibu wa sekta, pamoja na ufuatiliaji wa taasisi nyinginezo za kutoa huduma za maji. Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inawajibika kwa uwekezaji wa jumla katika sekta hiyo, mipango ya kimaendeleo, na uhamasishaji wa rasilimali za kifedha. Sera ya usafi wa mazingira inasimamiwa na '''Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira''' (MoPHS). Katika juhudi za kuoanisha mfumo wa kitaasisi wa sekta hiyo, wizara ya MWI na MoPHS zimebuni kwa pamoja Dhana ya Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira yenye shabaha na malengo yaliyoainishwa wazi. Kufikia mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2011, [[Charity Ngilu]], ambaye ni mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kenya kinachomuunga mkono Waziri Mkuu [[Raila Odinga]], alihudumu kama Waziri wa Maji na Umwagiliaji. Wakati huo huo, Beth Mugo wa Chama cha Umoja wa Kitaifa cha Rais [[Mwai Kibaki]], alikuwa Waziri wa Afya na Usafi wa Mazingira. Wizara nyingine pia zina mchango muhimu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira. Wizara ya Elimu inashirikiana na MWI pamoja na MoPHS katika kuimarisha usafi wa mazingira shuleni kupitia ushiriki wao katika Kamati za Programu za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira. Aidha, Kitengo cha Uratibu wa Sekta ya Kilimo hushughulikia masuala yote yanayohusu kilimo, ikiwa ni pamoja na umwagiliaji ambao uko chini ya usimamizi wa MWI. Vilevile, MWI inashirikiana na Wizara za Misitu, Mazingira, na Programu Maalum kwa ajili ya kuendeleza ukarabati na uhifadhi wa vyanzo vikuu vya maji === Kanuni === '''Udhibiti wa Kiuchumi.''' Udhibiti na ufuatiliaji wa utoaji wa huduma za maji mijini na vijijini unatekelezwa na Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB). WASREB ni shirika la serikali lisilo la kibiashara lililoanzishwa mnamo Machi 2003 kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002. Majukumu yake makuu ni pamoja na: kutoa leseni kwa bodi za huduma za maji na kuidhinisha Mikataba ya Utoaji wa Huduma (SPAs); kuandaa miongozo ya tozo za maji na kuratibu mazungumzo ya bei; kuweka viwango na kuandaa miongozo ya utoaji wa huduma; pamoja na kuchapisha matokeo ya ufuatiliaji wa sekta kupitia ripoti linganifu (kama vile Ripoti ya Athari). '''Udhibiti wa mazingira''' nchini Kenya unatekelezwa na Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi wa Mazingira (NEMA). NEMA ilianzishwa kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Usimamizi na Uratibu wa Mazingira (Nambari 8 ya mwaka 1999) na kuanza shughuli zake rasmi mnamo Julai 2002. Jukumu lake kuu ni kuhimiza ujumuishaji wa masuala ya mazingira katika sera, mipango, programu, na miradi ya serikali. Hususan katika sekta ya maji, NEMA inawajibika kuandaa kanuni za ubora wa maji, ambapo toleo la sasa la kanuni hizo liliidhinishwa mwaka wa 2006. <ref>[http://www.nema.go.ke/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 National Environment Management Authority, Kenya]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}} Retrieved 17 March 2010</ref> === Usimamizi wa mali === Kutokana na mageuzi ya sekta hiyo, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira limegatuliwa kwa '''Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji''' za kikanda (WSBs), ambazo ni: Athi (inayohudumia mji mkuu wa Nairobi), Pwani, Tana, Ziwa Victoria Kaskazini, Ziwa Victoria Kusini, Kaskazini, Bonde la Ufa, na tangu mwaka wa 2008, Bodi ya Tanathi.. Bodi hizi za Huduma za Maji zina dhamana ya usimamizi wa rasilimali, ikijumuisha upanuzi na ukarabati wa miundombinu ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka, pamoja na upangaji na utekelezaji wa uwekezaji katika sekta hiyo. Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zilipoanzishwa, zilikabiliwa na ukosoaji kama "safu ya urasimu isiyo ya lazima" iliyosababisha "mgongano wa majukumu," kwa kuwa zilikuwa na dhima pacha kama "wadhibiti (pamoja na WSRB) na wahusika wa soko". Aidha, zilishtumiwa kwa kuwa taasisi "zisizogusika na zenye urasimu mkubwa... ambazo ziko mbali na maeneo ya utoaji wa huduma". Ingawa WSBs hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa leseni, utaratibu huo wa utoaji leseni umekosolewa kwa kuwa "wa kiofisi, mzito, na unaozua mkanganyiko". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=J. M. Migai Akech, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Nairobi|title=Governing Water And Sanitation in Kenya: Public Law, Private Sector Participation and the Elusive Quest for a Suitable Institutional Framework|url=http://www.ielrc.org/activities/workshop_0704/content/d0702.pdf|publisher=Paper prepared for the workshop entitled 'Legal Aspects of Water Sector Reforms' to be organised in Geneva from 20 to 21 April 2007 by the International Environmental Law Research Centre (IELRC) in the context of the Research partnership 2006–2009 on water law sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)|accessdate=27 December 2012|pages=32–33|year=2007}}</ref> === Utoaji wa huduma === Dhamana ya utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira imekasimiwa kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs). Hata hivyo, bodi hizi hazina wajibu wa kutoa huduma hizo moja kwa moja; badala yake, zinaweza kukabidhi jukumu hilo kwa makampuni ya umma yanayojiendesha kibiashara, yanayofahamika kama '''Watoa Huduma za Maji''' (WSPs). Utekelezaji wa huduma hizi unadhibitiwa kupitia Mikataba ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) ili kuhakikisha uzingatiaji wa viwango vya ubora, viwango vya huduma, na vigezo vya utendaji vilivyowekwa na WASREB. Kuna makundi mawili makuu ya WSPs: * '''Mashirika ya Umma ya Huduma:''' Kuna jumla ya WSPs 89 katika kundi hili, ikijumuisha makampuni yenye dhima ya ukomo (LLCs) katika maeneo ya mijini yanayomilikiwa na mamlaka moja au zaidi ya mitaa, pamoja na Vyama vya Watumiaji wa Maji (WUAs) katika maeneo ya vijijini. * '''Mashirika ya Kibinafsi ya Huduma:''' Kuna WSPs mbili tu ndogo katika kategoria hii, nazo ni Kampuni ya Maji ya Runda (Runda Water Company) na Mradi wa Maji wa Kiamumbi (Kiamumbi Water Project). [[Faili:Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Idadi ya watu wa makazi ya kipato cha chini kama vile [[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]] wanategemea maji yanayotolewa na watoa huduma ndogo zisizo rasmi.]] '''Watoa huduma wadogo''' wasio rasmi (SSPs) hutoa huduma ya maji katika makazi ya watu wenye kipato cha chini vijijini na mijini. Baadhi yao huuza maji kwa kutumia malori ya mizinga (tankers) au mitungi, mara nyingi kwa bei inayozidi ile ya maji ya bomba kwa mara tano hadi kumi. Makundi mengine ni vikundi vya kijamii, mara nyingi vikiendeshwa na wanawake, vinavyotoa huduma ya maji ya bomba. Mfuko wa Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji (Water Sector Trust Fund) unaendeleza juhudi za kurasimisha utoaji wa huduma katika maeneo hayo yenye kipato cha chini. Mfuko huo umezindua dhana mbili za kitaifa za kutoa huduma kwa jamii maskini: kwanza ni Mzunguko wa Mradi wa Jamii (Community Project Cycle), unaotoa ruzuku kwa jamii zilizo tayari kuzingatia vigezo vya msingi vya huduma; na pili ni "Dhana ya Maskini wa Mijini" (Urban Poor Concept) ambayo imetekelezwa tangu mwaka 2007, ikapelekea ujenzi wa vibanda vingi vya maji (water kiosks) vinavyozingatia vigezo vya uendelevu. Mfano wa ushirikiano wa dhati kati ya kampuni ya huduma na vikundi vya kijamii unapatikana katika mtaa wa Nyalenda, makazi yenye watu takriban 60,000 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Katika mfumo huu, kampuni ya maji ya eneo hilo huuza maji kwa jumla kwa vikundi vya kijamii, ambavyo kwa upande wao husimamia mifumo ya usambazaji na vibanda vya kuuzia maji ndani ya vitongoji vyao. [[Faili:Malindi_town_view.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mtazamo wa mji wa kale wa Malindi, mji wa kitalii ambapo kampuni binafsi iliendesha mfumo wa maji kuanzia 1999 hadi 2003.]] '''Ushiriki wa sekta binafsi.''' Sekta binafsi ina mchango mdogo, ingawa wenye umuhimu, katika uendeshaji wa mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji nchini Kenya. Tangu mwaka wa 1975, kampuni ya Runda Water Limited imekuwa ikisambaza maji ya bomba katika mtaa wa makazi ya kifahari wa Old Runda jijini Nairobi. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, kampuni hiyo ilitia saini mkataba wa utoaji wa huduma (SPA) na Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Athi (Athi WSB) kwa ajili ya kusambaza maji kwa wakazi wa mitaa miwili ya makazi katika eneo hilo'''.''' Mnamo mwaka wa 1995, mkataba wa huduma ulitiwa saini kati ya NWCPC na kampuni ya Gauff Consulting Engineers kwa ajili ya kuzisaidia mamlaka za mitaa katika mji wa pwani wa Malindi kuboresha mifumo ya utoaji bili na ukusanyaji wa mapato. Mkataba huo uliongezwa muda wake kutoka miezi saba na nusu hadi miaka mitatu na nusu. Kufuatia kukamilika kwake mnamo mwaka wa 1999, mkataba wa usimamizi ulitiwa saini kati ya Kampuni ya Maji ya Malindi na mwendeshaji binafsi kwa kipindi cha miaka minne, kwa lengo la kuimarisha uwezo wa kampuni hiyo katika nyanja za kiufundi na usimamizi wa kifedha. Mkataba huo ulitathminiwa kuwa na mafanikio na kufuatia kukamilika kwake, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma lilirudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa sekta ya umma. Katika mji mdogo wa [[Tala, Kenya|Tala]] mnamo mwaka wa 1999, baraza la kaunti ya Kangundo liliingia mkataba wa miaka 30 wa usambazaji wa maji na kampuni ya Romane Agencies Ltd. Makubaliano hayo yanabainisha kuwa asilimia 10 ya mapato yote yanapaswa kuwasilishwa kwa baraza la mji. Hadi sasa, maboresho kiasi katika ubora wa huduma yameonekana, ingawa upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii nzima bado unakabiliwa na changamoto kubwa. === Usuluhishi wa sekta ya maji === Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002 pia iliidhinisha kuanzishwa kwa '''Bodi huru ya Rufaa za Maji''' (Water Appeals Board) kwa ajili ya usuluhishi wa mizozo na migogoro inayohusiana na rasilimali za maji. Ingawa Bodi hiyo ilizinduliwa rasmi jijini Nairobi mnamo mwaka wa 2005, ni mashauri matatu pekee ambayo yametolewa maamuzi tangu wakati huo. Aidha, rufaa nyingine tano bado hazijashughulikiwa kufuatia kujiuzulu kwa mwenyekiti mnamo Machi 2009, huku muda wa kuhudumu kwa wajumbe wengine wawili wa bodi hiyo ukiwa haujaongezwa. === Asasi za kiraia === Kenya ina asasi za kiraia zinazojihusisha kikamilifu na sekta ya maji, zikiwemo mashirika kadhaa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) ya ndani yanayofanya kazi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira. Mashirika mengi kati ya haya ni wanachama wa Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) ulioanzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 2007. Miongoni mwa majukumu yake, KEWASNET hufuatilia utoaji wa huduma, hususan kwa jamii zenye kipato cha chini, pamoja na utekelezaji wa sera za mageuzi katika sekta ya maji. Aidha, mtandao huo "hutoa taarifa kwa Wakenya ili kuwawezesha kuhusika na kushiriki katika mifumo ya usimamizi na ufanyaji maamuzi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira". Vilevile, KEWASNET "hukuza utamaduni wa uwajibikaji miongoni mwa walaji ili kulipia huduma wanazopata kutoka kwa kampuni za maji, huku wakilinda miundombinu na vifaa dhidi ya uharibifu na hujuma." Mojawapo ya mashirika makubwa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) nchini Kenya yanayojihusisha na masuala ya maji na usafi wa mazingira ni Maji na Ufanisi. Shirika hili linajishughulisha na maendeleo ya jamii pamoja na ujenzi wa miundombinu katika mitaa ya mabanda na miji midogo, likipigia debe utawala bora katika sekta hiyo sanjari na kufanya tafiti mbalimbali. Maji na Ufanisi lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 1998 ili kurithi na kuendeleza operesheni za shirika la WaterAid UK nchini Kenya, baada ya shirika hilo la Uingereza kuamua kusitisha shughuli zake hapa nchini.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Maji na Ufanisi|title=Background of Maji na Ufanisi|url=http://www.majinaufanisi.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&layout=category&task=category&id=34&Itemid=128|accessdate=12 November 2011}}</ref> === Huduma za kuosha kwa shule === Ripoti iliyotolewa mnamo mwaka wa 2021 ilichunguza hali ya huduma za maji katika shule mbalimbali nchini Kenya na kubainisha kuwa "jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za WASH mashuleni katika ngazi ya kaunti bado halijatafsiriwa vyema". {{Rp|3}}Kutokana na kukosekana kwa uratibu thabiti kati ya serikali ya kitaifa na serikali za kaunti, kila shule imeachwa na jukumu la kusimamia utoaji wake wa huduma za maji, usafi, na usafi wa mazingira (WASH) kwa namna ya kipekee. Hali hii inasababisha mkwamo kwani kwa sasa hakuna mfumo madhubuti wa ufuatiliaji wala kanuni rasmi za kusimamia mchakato huo. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|3}} == Ufanisi wa kiuchumi == Utendaji wa kiuchumi wa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) nchini Kenya unafuatiliwa kwa karibu na WASREB, ambapo matokeo yake huchapishwa katika Ripoti ya Athari (Impact Report) kwa lengo la kuchochea ushindani na kueneza mbinu bora za kiutendaji. Viashiria muhimu vinavyotumika kupima ufanisi wa kiuchumi ni pamoja na: viwango vya ukusanyaji wa mapato, kiasi cha maji yasiyoingiza mapato (NRW), uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita, pamoja na tija ya wafanyakazi. Hata hivyo, Watoa Huduma za Maji wengi nchini Kenya bado hawajafanikiwa kufikia vigezo na shabaha zilizowekwa katika nyanja hizi. '''Kiwango cha Ukusanyaji.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013-14, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wengi nchini Kenya walirekodi ufanisi mkubwa katika ukusanyaji wa mapato, wakifikia wastani wa 93% ikilinganishwa na 86% mnamo 2006-07. Shirika lililoonyesha utendaji duni zaidi lilikuwa Mawingo, ambalo lilikusanya asilimia 40 pekee ya kiasi cha ankara zilizotolewa. Katika baadhi ya kampuni za huduma, kiwango cha ukusanyaji kilivuka asilimia 100, hali iliyotokana na uwezo wa WSPs kufanikiwa kukusanya malimbikizo ya madeni ya miaka ya nyuma. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Maji yasiyo ya mapato.''' Kwa wastani, asilimia 42 ya maji yaliyosambazwa nchini Kenya hayakutolewa ankara katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013–2014, kutokana na changamoto kama vile uvujaji wa miundombinu au wizi wa maji. Ni Mtoa Huduma za Maji mmoja pekee (Nyeri) aliyefanikiwa kufikia kigezo kilichowekwa na Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji cha kuwa na kiwango cha NRW cha chini ya 20%. Katika jiji la Nairobi, viwango vya NRW vilikuwa 39%, huku kule Mombasa vikiwa 48%. Kulingana na gharama ya uzalishaji kwa kila uniti, hasara za kitaifa zilizotokana na maji yasiyoingiza mapato mnamo mwaka 2014 zilikadiriwa kufikia Shilingi bilioni 5.2, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na dola za Marekani milioni 52. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Uwiano wa Ufungaji wa Mita.''' Uwiano wa mita miongoni mwa makampuni ya huduma za maji nchini Kenya ulikuwa asilimia 89 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14, ikiwa ni ongezeko kutoka asilimia 82 mnamo 2006-2007. Hata hivyo, bado kuna shaka juu ya ufanisi wa mita hizo na ikiwa zilizosakinishwa zinafanya kazi ipasavyo. Uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita jijini Nairobi ulikuwa umepanda hadi asilimia 99 mnamo 2006-07, lakini kiwango hicho kilishuka na kufikia asilimia 94 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Uzalishaji wa nguvu kazi.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013–2014, kulikuwa na wastani wa wafanyakazi 7 kwa kila miunganisho 1,000 ya maji nchini Kenya, ikiwa ni uboreshaji mkubwa ikilinganishwa na wafanyakazi 11 mnamo 2006–07. Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) saba, ambao wote ni makampuni makubwa, walifikia viwango vizuri vya tija ya wafanyakazi kwa kuwa na watumishi 5 au chini ya hapo kwa kila miunganisho 1,000, ikiwa ni maendeleo kutoka kwa kampuni moja tu iliyofikia kiwango hicho mnamo 2006–07. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> == Vipengele vya kifedha == === Urejeshaji wa gharama === Mnamo mwaka wa 2014, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) walifanikiwa kurejesha wastani wa asilimia 100 ya gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Hata hivyo, ni mashirika manne tu yaliyofikia lengo la kurejesha asilimia 150 ya gharama hizo, kiasi kinachohitajika kwa ajili ya kulipa madeni na kuimarisha miundombinu. Kisheria, Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinapaswa kugharamia uendeshaji wa ofisi zao kupitia Ushuru wa Udhibiti unaokusanywa kutoka kwa WSPs katika maeneo yao. Ukweli ni kwamba, ni Bodi ya Athi pekee iliyoweza kugharamia asilimia 115 ya gharama zake za uendeshaji mnamo 2006/2007, huku bodi nyingine zikiendelea kutegemea kwa kiasi kikubwa ruzuku kutoka serikali kuu. === Kiwango cha ushuru === Wastani wa ushuru wa maji ulioripotiwa mnamo mwaka wa 2014 ulikuwa Shilingi 60 (takriban dola za Marekani 0.60) kwa kila mita ya ujazo ($m^3$). Hata hivyo, takwimu hii haitoi picha halisi kutokana na tofauti kubwa za kikanda na kuwepo kwa mfumo wa ushuru wa madaraja (progressive block tariff) kwa miunganisho ya majumbani. Chini ya mfumo huu, kiasi cha kwanza cha $10\text{ m}^3$ hutozwa ada ya chini kabisa inayofadhiliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na serikali, huku madaraja yanayofuata (hadi $20, 50, 100$ na $300$ pamoja na zaidi ya $300\text{ m}^3$) yakitozwa ushuru unaoongezeka hatua kwa hatua, ambapo ushuru wa daraja la juu kabisa ni mara tano zaidi ya daraja la kwanza. Katika maeneo yasiyo na mita, kiwango maalum cha ada ya mwezi hutumika. Lengo la mfumo huu ni kuhimiza matumizi ya maji kwa uangalifu na kuhakikisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini zinapata maji kwa bei nafuu. Pamoja na hayo, mfumo huu unakabiliwa na changamoto katika maeneo ya mabanda ambapo kaya huuziana maji au kushirikiana muunganisho mmoja, jambo linalowapelekea kuingia katika daraja la juu la matumizi na hivyo kulazimika kulipa ushuru mkubwa zaidi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">nukuu inahitajika</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Kwa mfano, katika maeneo ya vijijini ya [[Mwingi]] Kaskazini, maji yanayotolewa kutoka Bwawa la [[Kiambere]] katika [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]] huuzwa kwa kaya zisizokuwa na miunganisho ya bomba kwa bei ya ruzuku ya dola 1 ya Marekani kwa kila mita ya ujazo (m³) mnamo 2014 (sawa na KSh 2 kwa kila lita 20) <ref name=":5">{{Rejea jarida |last=Hoque |first=Sonia Ferdous |last2=Hope |first2=Robert |date=2018 |title=The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya |url=https://iwaponline.com/wp/article/20/4/725/39060/The-water-diary-method-proofofconcept-and-policy |journal=Water Policy |language=en |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=725–743 |doi=10.2166/wp.2018.179 |issn=1366-7017 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Katika eneo hilo hilo, maji yanayochimbwa kutoka kwenye visima virefu na vyanzo vya asili vya miamba huuzwa katika vibanda vya maji kwa gharama ya kati ya dola 1 na 2.5 kwa kila m³ (KSh 2 hadi 5 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Wakati mwingine, wakazi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi binafsi, jambo ambalo ni ghali zaidi kwani gharama huongezeka kufikia kati ya dola 2.5 na 10 kwa kila m³ (KSh 5 hadi 20 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Taarifa zinazohusu ushuru wa maji katika vibanda (water kiosks) zinaonekana kugongana. Ripoti ya mwaka 2007 iliyochunguza miji mitatu nchini Kenya inabainisha kuwa gharama ya uniti kwa vibanda vya maji ilikuwa Shilingi 10 kwa kila m³ jijini [[Nairobi]], Shilingi 15 jijini [[Mombasa]], na Shilingi 55 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Hata hivyo, ripoti hiyo hiyo katika sehemu ya awali inasema kuwa walaji wanaotumia vibanda vya maji hulipa Shilingi 100 kwa kila m³ katika miji hiyo yote mitatu. Kiwango hicho kinatajwa kuwa ni mara mbili hadi tano zaidi ya gharama wanayolipa wateja waliounganishiwa maji ya bomba moja kwa moja majumbani mwao. Nchini Kenya, hakuna ushuru rasmi wa maji taka, hali inayopelekea majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka kupata huduma hiyo bila malipo, licha ya kuwa mchakato wa uzoaji na usafishaji wa maji machafu una gharama kubwa inayolingana na ile ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa. Mnamo mwaka wa 2013, utafiti ulioagizwa na mamlaka ya udhibiti ulipendekeza kuanzishwa kwa ushuru wa huduma za maji taka wa asilimia 5 kama tozo ya ziada katika ankara za maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Mbali na ushuru wa huduma, Kenya pia imeanzisha tozo za uvunaji wa maji kutoka vyanzo vya chini ya ardhi pamoja na maji ya juu (surface water). === Marekebisho ya ushuru === Uwekaji wa ushuru wa maji ni jukumu la Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) kwa kuzingatia gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru huo sharti uidhinishwe na WASREB, ambayo pia ina mamlaka ya kuelekeza WSB kuandaa mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya bei. Kwa mujibu wa Miongozo ya Ushuru, kuna aina tatu za marekebisho: Marekebisho ya Kawaida (Regular Tariff Adjustments) yanayozingatia mpango wa biashara wa WSP; Marekebisho ya Dharura (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustments) yanayofanyika pale muundo wa gharama unapobadilika kwa kiasi kikubwa; na Marekebisho ya Kiotomatiki (Automatic Tariff Adjustments) yanayoweza kufanyika kila baada ya miezi 12 kama sehemu ya mkataba wa utoaji huduma. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, Marekebisho ya Dharura ya Ushuru (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustment) yaliidhinishwa kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wote nchini kama hatua ya mpito ya kuzisaidia kampuni hizo kugharamia uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru wa huduma za uondoaji wa maji taka ni sehemu muhimu ya marekebisho hayo, huku lengo kuu likiwa ni kufikia uwezo wa kurejesha gharama zote za uwekezaji (full cost recovery) katika sekta ya usafi wa mazingira. Pamoja na hayo, wizara yenye dhamana ya maji inatambua kuwa utekelezaji wa ushuru wa kurejesha gharama kamili kwa mifumo fulani ya maji taka unaweza kusababisha huduma hiyo kutofikika kwa urahisi kutokana na gharama kubwa kwa kaya nyingi zilizounganishwa. === Uwekezaji === Kulingana na Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji ya 2013–14, uwekezaji katika huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini ulifikia Shilingi bilioni 12 (takriban dola za Marekani milioni 120), kiasi ambacho ni kidogo ikilinganishwa na hitaji la uwekezaji la kila mwaka la takriban Shilingi bilioni 75 (dola za Marekani milioni 750). <ref name="Impact Investment">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Takwimu za Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji zinaonyesha kuwa bajeti ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira ilifikia Shilingi bilioni 18.7 (dola za Marekani milioni 242.8) katika Mwaka wa Fedha wa 2008–09, kiwango kilichokuwa juu zaidi ya uwekezaji wa mwaka 2013–14. Katika kipindi cha miaka mitano iliyotangulia, bajeti ya sekta ya maji iliongezeka kwa asilimia 245 kutoka Shilingi bilioni 4.2 (dola za Marekani milioni 54.5) mnamo 2004–2005. Takriban asilimia 82 ya fedha hizo zilitengwa kwa ajili ya sekta ndogo ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira, huku kiasi kilichosalia kikielekezwa kwenye Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji, Miundombinu ya Umwagiliaji na Hifadhi ya Maji, pamoja na Urejeshaji wa Ardhi iliyoharibika. === Ufadhili === Kulingana na mamlaka ya udhibiti, "utegemezi wa kupindukia kwa washirika wa maendeleo (yaani wafadhili wa nje), waliochangia zaidi ya asilimia 94 ya jumla ya rasilimali za uwekezaji mnamo 2013/14, ni ishara hatari kwa ustawi wa sekta hii". Vyanzo vikuu vya ufadhili kwa taasisi za maji nchini Kenya vimegawanyika katika makundi matatu: fedha za serikali ambazo zilichangia asilimia 58 ya ufadhili wa sekta mnamo 2008–2009, mapato ya ndani ya taasisi yaliyofikia asilimia 11, na michango ya wafadhili iliyoundwa na asilimia 31 ya fedha zilizopatikana kipindi hicho. Theluthi moja ya michango kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo ilijumuishwa katika bajeti kuu ya serikali, huku theluthi mbili zilizosalia zikitolewa nje ya mfumo wa bajeti. Katika makadirio ya ufadhili wa wafadhili kwa mwaka 2008–2009, asilimia 70 ilitolewa kwa mfumo wa mikopo, wakati ruzuku ziliwakilisha asilimia 30 pekee. Ufadhili wa mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha upatikanaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira katika maeneo yaliyotengwa—hususan yale yanayokaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini—hutolewa na '''Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji''' (WSTF). Mfuko huu wa WSTF hupokea rasilimali za kifedha kutoka kwa Serikali ya Kenya pamoja na mashirika ya wafadhili, kisha huzielekeza katika maeneo 362 yaliyobainika kuwa duni zaidi kote nchini (mchakato unaofanyika kwa ushirikiano na Bodi za Huduma za Maji). === Malipo ya bili kupitia simu za mkononi === Tangu mwaka wa 2009, kampuni kubwa zaidi ya mawasiliano nchini Kenya ilipanua wigo wa mfumo wake wa malipo kupitia simu za mkononi, [[M-pesa|M-Pesa,]] ili kuruhusu makampuni ya huduma za maji kupokea malipo ya bili kwa njia ya kidijitali.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Fastcompany|title=Kenya's M-PESA System Lets Cell Phones Control Access to Water|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/ariel-schwartz/sustainability/kenyas-m-pesa-system-lets-cell-phones-control-access-water|accessdate=27 August 2011|date=3 September 2009}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka wa 2012, zaidi ya Wakenya milioni 12, wakiwemo asilimia 85 ya wakazi wa mijini, walikuwa wakitumia huduma za kifedha kupitia simu za mkononi. Utafiti uliofanywa na Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford ulibainisha kuwa kabla ya teknolojia hii, wakazi wa Kiamumbi nje ya jiji la Nairobi walilazimika kutumia dakika 40 kusafiri na kusubiri kwenye foleni ndefu benki ili kuweka amana, kisha kuwasilisha stakabadhi katika ofisi za maji ili kukamilisha malipo. Baada ya shirika la maji la eneo hilo kuanza kutumia mfumo wa M-Pesa mnamo Desemba 2010, takriban nusu ya wateja wake walihamia kwenye mfumo huo wa kidijitali ndani ya kipindi cha miezi miwili pekee. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Timothy |last2=Robert Hope |last3=Cliff Nyaga |date=21–27 August 2011 |title=Adoption and implications of mobile phone banking for urban water services in Kenya |journal=World Water Week in Stockholm Abstract Volume |pages=76–77}}</ref> == Ushirikiano wa nje == {{Water supply and sanitation by country}}Kenya inapokea usaidizi wa kimataifa kutoka kwa mashirika mbalimbali ya wafadhili, ambapo miradi inayotekelezwa hivi sasa inakadiriwa kuwa na thamani ya euro milioni 627. Wafadhili wakuu katika sekta hii ni pamoja na [[Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika Mashariki|Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika]] (AfDB), [[Ufaransa]], [[Ujerumani]], [[Uswidi|Sweden]], na [[Udeni|Denmark]], sanjari na [[Benki ya Dunia]]. Washirika wengine wa maendeleo ni Tume ya Ulaya, Italia, Finland, Japan (kupitia JICA), Uholanzi, pamoja na [[UNICEF]]. Misaada hii ya nje imejikita zaidi katika miradi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini, huku kukiwa na mikakati michache zaidi inayoelekezwa katika maeneo ya vijijini. Mnamo Oktoba 2006, Serikali ya Kenya ilianzisha Mbinu ya Pamoja ya Kisekta (SWAp) kwa lengo la kuoanisha shughuli za washirika wa maendeleo, pamoja na uratibu na utekelezaji wa miradi. Mbinu hii ya SWAp husaidia kuimarisha majadiliano ya kisekta kati ya Wizara na wafadhili, mbali na kukuza uhusiano wa sekta mtambuka. Chini ya usimamizi wa mashirika makuu ya wafadhili, mfumo wa sera ya sekta ya pamoja, taratibu za ufuatiliaji, pamoja na programu na mikakati ya kisekta vinaendelea kuandaliwa. Tangu mwaka 2007, Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji (AWSR) yamekuwa yakifanyika ili kusaidia katika ulinganifu wa miradi ya wafadhili. Aidha, Washirika wa Maendeleo wameunda Kikundi cha Kiufundi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSTG) ili kuboresha uratibu miongoni mwao, pamoja na Kikundi Kazi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSWG) kwa ajili ya mawasiliano na serikali. Kikundi cha WSTG kinaongozwa na utatu wa wanachama (troika) na mwenyekiti anayezunguka kila mwaka; mnamo 2012, utatu huo ulijumuisha nchi za Ujerumani, Uholanzi, na Uswidi. === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika (AfDB) inashiriki kikamilifu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi ifuatayo, ikiwa na mchango wa takriban euro milioni 70 kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo: * Mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Udhibiti wa Taka katika Miji Midogo" (jumla ya thamani: euro milioni 84.2), uliozinduliwa katikati ya mwaka 2009, unalenga kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji na maji taka, pamoja na mikakati ya hifadhi ya maji katika eneo la Yatta kwa kipindi cha miaka minne. Idadi ya wanufaika wa mradi huu inakadiriwa kufikia watu 780,000. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-007/ Small Towns Water Supply & Waste]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Mapema mwaka 2009, "Mradi wa Usaidizi wa Bodi za Huduma za Maji" (thamani: euro milioni 61.5) <ref name="euro" /> ulianza kutekelezwa kwa lengo la kukuza maendeleo ya kitaasisi katika bodi mbalimbali, zikiwemo Bodi ya Ziwa Victoria Kusini (LVSWSB), Maji ya Kaskazini (NWSB), na Bodi ya Tana (TWSB), ili kuboresha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira kikanda. * Aidha, mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira katika Bonde la Ufa" (thamani: euro milioni 22.9), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2006, unatarajiwa kuwanufaisha wakazi 350,000 katika maeneo ya mijini na vijijini ndani ya bonde hilo. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-002 Rift Valley Water Supply & Sanitation]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Hatimaye, "Mradi wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira kwa Shule za Msingi Wilayani Kisumu" (thamani: euro milioni 0.22), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2007, unalenga takriban wanafunzi 3,200 na kamati za usimamizi katika shule sita shiriki. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-006/ Kisumu District Primary Schools Water and Sanitation Project]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> === Ufaransa === Shirika la Maendeleo la Ufaransa (AFD) hutoa usaidizi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi inayotekelezwa jijini Nairobi, [[Kisumu]] na [[Mombasa]]. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, jumla ya ufadhili wa miradi iliyokuwa ikiendelea ilifikia euro milioni 105, kiasi kilichojumuisha mkopo wa euro milioni 40 kwa ajili ya Mombasa ulioidhinishwa mwaka huo huo. Mnamo 2009, AFD iliidhinisha mkopo mwingine wa euro milioni 51 kwa lengo la kuimarisha usambazaji wa maji na miundombinu ya usafi wa mazingira katika miji ya [[Nairobi]] na [[Kisumu]]. Hapo awali, shirika hilo pia lilishiriki katika ufadhili wa miradi mingine katika maeneo ya [[Kandara]], Kahuti, [[Litein]], na [[Siaya]]. <ref name="AFD East Africa" /> === Ujerumani === Tangu mwaka wa 1975, [[Ujerumani]] imekuwa ikifadhili sekta ya maji nchini Kenya kupitia Wizara ya Shirikisho ya Ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo (BMZ), inayotekeleza majukumu yake kupitia shirika la GIZ (ushirikiano wa kiufundi) na benki ya KfW (ushirikiano wa kifedha). KfW imeteuliwa kama mratibu mkuu wa sekta hiyo, huku programu zinazoendelea za Ujerumani zikikadiriwa kufikia euro milioni 80. Lengo kuu la ushirikiano huu wa nchi mbili ni kuziwezesha taasisi za kisekta kuhakikisha upatikanaji endelevu na wa usawa wa maji safi na huduma za usafi wa mazingira mijini, pamoja na kulinda rasilimali za maji. Kwa mfano, GIZ inachangia malengo ya kitaifa kupitia "Programu ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji" (2003–2013), inayojumuisha vipengele muhimu kama: a) kuisaidia wizara ya maji katika mageuzi ya kisekta; b) udhibiti wa sekta na ufadhili unaozingatia mahitaji ya jamii duni; c) uimarishaji wa uendeshaji wa kibiashara wa huduma za maji na usafi; d) kujenga uwezo wa Mamlaka ya Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji (WRA); na e) kuanzisha mifumo ya usafi wa mazingira inayozingatia urejeshaji wa rasilimali (Ecosan). === Uswidi na Denmark === [[Uswidi]], [[Udeni|Denmark]], na Kenya zina historia ndefu ya ushirikiano katika sekta ya maji. Tangu mwaka wa 2005, Serikali ya Uswidi, kupitia Shirika la Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Uswidi (SIDA), kwa ushirikiano na Denmark kupitia Shirika la Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Denmark (DANIDA), zimekuwa zikifadhili Programu ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KWSP). Programu hiyo ilitengewa bajeti ya ruzuku ya jumla ya dola za Marekani milioni 80 kwa kipindi cha kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2010. KWSP imechangia pakubwa katika utekelezaji wa mageuzi ya kisekta, ikielekeza nguvu zake hasa katika kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira vijijini, pamoja na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. === Benki ya Dunia === "Mradi wa Uboreshaji wa Huduma za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira" (WaSSIP) wa [[Benki ya Dunia]] kwa kipindi cha 2007–2012 nchini [[Kenya]], unajumuisha jumla ya mkopo wa takriban dola milioni 159. Mradi huu unazisaidia bodi za Huduma za Maji za [[Athi]] (AWSB), Pwani (CWSB), na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] Kaskazini (LVNWSB), huku ukitoa usaidizi wa kiufundi kwa Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Sekta ya Maji (WASREB) na Bodi ya Rufaa ya Maji. Pamoja na uwekezaji katika miundombinu, mradi huo unafadhili mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha uendeshaji wa kibiashara, usimamizi wa kifedha, na shughuli za kiufundi katika sekta husika. == Mifano katika ngazi ya kaunti == [[Kaunti ya Kitui]] inapatikana takriban kilomita 160 mashariki mwa Jiji la Nairobi ikiwa na idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kufikia 1,221,000. {{Rp|8}}Huduma za maji katika kaunti hiyo hutolewa na kampuni mbili kuu (WSPs): Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kitui (KITWASCO) na Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kiambere-Mwingi (KIMWASCO). <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Mnamo mwaka wa 2017, mashirika haya yalifanikiwa kuhudumia asilimia 32 tu ya wakazi, huku huduma hizo zikielekezwa zaidi katika maeneo ya mijini na kuacha maeneo mengi ya vijijini bila huduma ya kutosha. Ni takriban asilimia 42 ya wakazi wa Kaunti ya Kitui wanaoweza kupata huduma za msingi za maji. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Takwimu za mwaka 2017 zinaonyesha kuwepo kwa vyanzo vya maji 3,126 vilivyosambaa kote kauntini, vikijumuisha vyanzo vyenye miundombinu kama vile pampu za mkono na mifumo ya mabomba, pamoja na vyanzo visivyo na miundombinu rasmi kama mabwawa ya mchanga, mabwawa ya udongo, na visima vifupi. Hata hivyo, ukaguzi wa rasilimali za maji uliofanyika mwaka huo ulibainisha kuwa ni asilimia 60 tu ya vyanzo hivyo vilivyokuwa vinafanya kazi kikamilifu. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}} Takriban watu 400,000 katika Kaunti ya Kitui hutegemea maji ya juu (surface water) kama chanzo chao kikuu cha maji ya kunywa, huku idadi kubwa ya wakazi ikitekeleza uvunaji wa maji ya mvua kupitia mifumo ya paa, vyanzo vya miamba (rock catchments), na mabwawa ya mchanga. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Nyaga |first2=Cliff |last3=Hope |first3=Rob |last4=Kiamba |first4=Pauline |last5=Gladstone |first5=Nancy |last6=Thomas |first6=Mike |last7=Mumma |first7=Albert |last8=Trevett |first8=Andrew |date=2022 |title=Water policy, politics, and practice: The case of Kitui County, Kenya |journal=Frontiers in Water |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/frwa.2022.1022730 |hdl=1871.1/f4db2fcc-1c4e-4a11-bb5e-24f22433693c |issn=2624-9375 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Kwa jamii hizi, kipindi kirefu cha kiangazi kinachoanza Juni hadi Oktoba huleta changamoto kubwa za usambazaji wa maji. Rasilimali za maji ya chini ya ardhi—zinazovutwa kwa pampu za mkono au kusukumwa hadi kwenye mifumo ya mabomba na vibanda vya maji (water kiosks)—hutumika kama kinga dhidi ya makali ya ukame kwa wakazi wengi wa kaunti hiyo. Hata hivyo, miradi hii ya maji ya chini ya ardhi inakabiliwa na changamoto za ubora (hususan chumvi asilia), hitaji la matengenezo ya miundombinu, pamoja na utendaji duni wa baadhi ya mifumo hiyo. <ref name=":4" /> Mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji ya bomba hukabiliwa na uhaba au ukosefu wa wateja wakati wa msimu wa mvua, kwani watumiaji huelekea kutumia vyanzo mbadala vya maji ya juu na ya ardhini vinavyopatikana bila malipo. Wakati wa kipindi hiki, walaji wengi huhamia kwenye matumizi ya visima vifupi (shallow wells), hatua inayowaweka katika hatari kubwa ya kupata magonjwa kutokana na uchafuzi wa vyanzo hivyo. {{Rp|11}} Idadi kubwa ya shule katika Kaunti ya Kitui hazina miundombinu ya kunawia mikono (asilimia 53) {{Rp|42}}Uhaba huu wa vifaa huwaletea wanafunzi changamoto na vikwazo mbalimbali, ikiwemo ugumu kwa wasichana walio katika umri wa kubalehe kusimamia mahitaji ya usafi wa hedhi (Menstrual Hygiene Management) kutokana na kukosekana kwa maji na sabuni ya kunawia mikono. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|43}} == Jamii na utamaduni == === Madai ya ufisadi === Mnamo Septemba 2010, aliyekuwa Waziri wa Maji, [[Charity Ngilu]], alikiri mbele ya Bunge kuwa vitendo vya ufisadi vilikuwa vimekithiri ndani ya taasisi za maji za umma, zikiwemo bodi zote nane za huduma za maji pamoja na Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC). Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) uliitaja kauli hiyo kama "kilele cha unafiki na upendeleo," ukidai kuwa Waziri huyo alizungumzia kashfa hizo hadharani baada tu ya gazeti la ''Daily Nation'' kufichua ubadhirifu huo. Muda mfupi kabla ya hapo, Ofisa Mtendaji Mkuu wa Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Tanathi alikuwa amesimamishwa kazi kufuatia ukaguzi wa WASREB uliodai kuwepo kwa ufisadi. Ripoti hiyo ya ukaguzi ilikuwa imechapishwa tangu Machi 2010, lakini hakuna hatua zozote zilizochukuliwa kwa kipindi cha miezi sita. <ref name="Corruption" /> Kwa mujibu wa KEWASNET, mifumo ya utawala ndani ya sekta ya maji ilikuwa imeporomoka na kufikia kiwango cha chini kabisa. == Tazama pia == * Mgogoro wa maji nchini Kenya * Kioski cha maji * Ugavi wa maji na usafi wa mazingira jijini Nairobi * Ugavi wa maji na usafi wa mazingira katika Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara == Marejeleo ==   <references /> {{Water supply and sanitation by country}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.water.go.ke/ Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji, Kenya] Archived * [http://www.wasreb.go.ke/ Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB)] * [http://www.wstfkenya.org Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF)] * [http://www.kewasnet.org/ Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira wa Kenya (Kewasnet)] * [http://reliefweb.int/report/kenya/report-special-rapporteur-human-right-safe-drinking-water-and-sanitation-addendum Ripoti ya Mwandishi Maalum kuhusu haki ya binadamu ya maji salama ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira: Julai 2014 Misheni ya Kenya] 61po6xwu891i41gyazj2f6avc8uu0hd 1542331 1542076 2026-05-13T21:50:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542331 wikitext text/x-wiki    '''Usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya''' ina sifa ya viwango vya chini vya upatikanaji wa maji na [[usafi wa mazingira]], hasa katika [[Kitongoji duni|miji duni]] na maeneo ya [[Eneo la vijijini|vijijini]], pamoja na ubora duni wa huduma kwa namna ya ugavi wa maji wa vipindi. [[Uhaba wa maji]] wa msimu na kikanda nchini [[Kenya]] huongeza ugumu wa kuboresha usambazaji wa maji. Sekta ya maji ya [[Kenya]] ilipitia marekebisho makubwa kupitia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka wa 2002. Hapo awali utoaji wa huduma ulikuwa uwajibikaji wa Shirika moja la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba pamoja na huduma chache za ndani zilizoimarishwa tangu mwaka wa 1996. Baada ya kupitishwa kwa utoaji wa huduma ya sheria, utoaji wa huduma uligawanywa polepole kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji wa ndani (WSPs) 91. Hizi ziliunganishwa na Bodi 8 za mikoa ya Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinazowajibikia usimamizi wa mali kupitia makubaliano ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) na WSPs. Sheria hiyo pia iliunda bodi ya udhibiti ya kitaifa ambayo hufanya upimaji wa utendaji, kufanya uwekaji alama wa utendaji na inasimamia kuidhinisha SPAs na marekebisho ya ushuru. Kwa muswada wa Maji, 2014, kazi za WSBs 8 zilihamishiwa kwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Kazi za Maji kwenye kila [[Wilaya, tarafa na kata za Kenya|kaunti ya Kenya]] . Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inaendelea kuongoza katika masuala ya sera za utoaji wa maji, wakati Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira ikidhibiti miongozo inayohusu usafi wa mazingira. Licha ya kuwa ushuru wa maji mijini ni mkubwa ikilinganishwa na nchi za kanda (wastani wa KSh.60/= au US$0.60 kwa mita ya ujazo mwaka 2014), viwango hivi vinatosha tu kugharamia uendeshaji, na si gharama za uwekezaji wa mtaji. Urejeshaji kamili wa gharama unakwamishwa na mambo kadhaa, ikiwemo kiwango kikubwa cha maji yanayopotea bila kuingiza mapato (wastani wa 42%). Kwa kuzingatia gharama ya uzalishaji, hasara nchi nzima kutokana na maji yasiyolipiwa mnamo 2014 ilikadiriwa kuwa KSh.5.2 bilioni/=, ambayo ni sawa na dola milioni 52 za Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=M |first=Nduta Mbarathi |date=2014 |title=Savings and Mobile Banking Services amongst Poor Women within Kenya's Rural Agricultural Sector |url=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |journal=SSRN Electronic Journal |doi=10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |issn=1556-5068}}</ref> Sababu nyingine ni ulazima wa kutafuta vyanzo vya maji vilivyo mbali sana kwa gharama kubwa katika maeneo fulani. Kwa mfano, jiji la Mombasa hupata maji yake kutoka chanzo kilicho umbali wa kilomita 220. Ingawa 16% ya wakazi wa mijini nchini Kenya wana huduma ya maji taka, hakuna tozo maalumu ya maji taka, hali inayofanya huduma hii ghali kutolewa bila malipo yoyote. == Vyanzo vya data na tafsiri == Upataji wa takwimu za kuaminika katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya ni changamoto kutokana na kuripoti kutokamilika na matumizi ya fasili zinazotofautiana. Maelezo ya kitaifa yanayotoa picha halisi yanapatikana kupitia vyanzo viwili vikuu: sensa za kila muongo, ambapo ijayo inatazamiwa kufanyika mwaka wa 2029, pamoja na Utafiti wa Afya na Idadi ya Watu unaotekelezwa kila baada ya miaka mitano na Shirika la Kitaifa la Takwimu la Kenya (KNBS). Takwimu hizi huchambuliwa na Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) wa mashirika ya WHO na UNICEF ili kupima hatua zilizofikiwa katika [[Malengo endelevu|Malengo ya Maendeleo Endelevu]](SDG's) . <ref name="track">African Ministers' Council on Water, AMCOW and Water and Sanitation Program (2006) [http://www.wsp.org/UserFiles/file/27200752445_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water Supply and Sanitation – A Status Review of Sixteen African Countries]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, pp.33–43. </ref> Hata hivyo, taarifa hizi huangazia tu uwepo wa miundombinu ya maji na usafi. Hazibainishi iwapo maji hayo ni salama kwa matumizi, yanatosheleza mahitaji, yanapatikana bila kukatika, au kama gharama zake ni himilivu kwa wananchi. Rasilimali nyingine ya maana ya takwimu ni "ripoti ya utendaji" (Impact Report) inayotolewa kila mwaka na mamlaka ya udhibiti wa maji, WASREB, tangu mwaka wa 2008. Ripoti hii imewezesha upatikanaji wa maelezo ya kina kwa umma kuhusu makampuni mengi ya kutoa huduma za maji, jambo ambalo ni hatua kubwa ikilinganishwa na miaka ya nyuma au mataifa mengine mengi. Pamoja na hayo, takwimu hizi huangazia tu idadi ya watu wanaopata huduma kutoka kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs), kundi ambalo halijumuishi idadi ya watu wote nchini Kenya, na kuacha nyuma sehemu kubwa ya maeneo ya vijijini. == Rasilimali za maji == [[Faili:KerioRiver-Dry.JPG|thumb|300x300px|[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]] katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] wakati wa kiangazi.]] Kiwango cha rasilimali za maji safi zinazoweza kurejereka nchini Kenya kinakadiriwa kuwa kilomita za ujazo 20.2 kwa mwaka, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na mita za ujazo 647 kwa kila mwananchi kwa mwaka. nakadiriwa kuwa jumla ya maji yanayochotwa kila mwaka ni zaidi ya kilomita za ujazo 2.7, ikiwa ni chini ya asilimia 14 ya rasilimali zote zilizopo. Pamoja na hayo, upatikanaji wa rasilimali hizi hutofautiana mno kulingana na majira na maeneo tofauti ya nchi. Maeneo mengi nchini hupata misimu miwili ya mvua, ambapo mvua za masika kwa kawaida hunyesha kuanzia mwezi Machi hadi Mei, huku mvua za vuli zikitarajiwa kati ya Oktoba na Novemba. Vilevile, Kenya hukabiliwa na mzunguko wa ukame na mafuriko kila baada ya miaka mitatu au minne, majanga ambayo huathiri sehemu kubwa ya jamii. Kipindi cha ukame mkali zaidi kilichoshuhudiwa hivi karibuni kilianzia mwaka wa 2007 hadi mwishoni mwa 2009, na kusababisha athari hasi katika nyanja zote za kiuchumi. Kiwango cha wastani cha mvua nchini ni milimita 630 kwa mwaka, ingawa takwimu hizi zinatofautiana kulingana na kanda; kaskazini mwa Kenya hupata chini ya milimita 200, ilhali maeneo ya miteremko ya Mlima Kenya hupokea zaidi ya milimita 1,800. [[Faili:KerioRiver-Flowing.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Mto Kerio ukitiririka baada ya mvua kubwa ya masika katika eneo hilo, ikionyesha tofauti kubwa katika upatikanaji wa maji kati ya msimu wa kiangazi na wa mvua.]] === Maji ya juu === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] imegawanyika katika mabonde makuu matano ya mifereji ya maji. Mfumo wa maji wa Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] ulioko Magharibi mwa Kenya ni sehemu ya Bonde la [[Nile|Mto Nile]]. Aidha, mfumo wa mifereji ya maji ya ndani katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] unajumuisha mito na maziwa mbalimbali, yakiwemo maziwa makubwa ya maji baridi kama vile [[Turkana (ziwa)|Ziwa Turkana]], [[Ziwa Baringo]], na [[Ziwa Naivasha]], pamoja na mito kama Mto Kerio na maziwa kadhaa ya chumvi. Mifumo ya maji ya [[Athi]], [[Tana (mto)|Tana]], na Ewaso Ng'iro Kaskazini yote inaelekeza maji yake kuelekea [[Bahari ya Hindi]]. Kuna tofauti kubwa ya mgawanyo wa rasilimali za maji nchini, ambapo Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] linaongoza kwa kuwa na zaidi ya asilimia 50 ya maji yote, huku Bonde la [[Athi]] likiwa na kiasi kidogo zaidi. Ni mabonde ya [[Tana (mto)|Tana]] na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] pekee yanayofurahia ziada ya maji, wakati mabonde mengine matatu yaliyosalia yakikumbwa na uhaba mkubwa. Jiji kuu la [[Nairobi]] hupata maji yake kutoka kwa mifumo miwili mikuu ya mabonde ya mito. Vyanzo vya kale zaidi, ambavyo ni Chemchemi za Kikuyu (zilizofunguliwa tangu 1906) na Bwawa la Ruiru (tangu 1938), vinapatikana ndani ya Bonde la [[Mto Athi]]. Kwa upande mwingine, mabwawa ya Sasumua, Ndakaini-Thika (tangu 1996), na Chania-B yanahudumia [[Nairobi]] kupitia mfumo wa kuhamisha maji kutoka Bonde la [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]]. Takriban asilimia 20 ya mahitaji ya jiji hutoshelezwa na maji ya ardhini, kiasi kinachokadirika kufikia mita za ujazo 60,000 hadi 70,000 kila siku. . [[Mombasa]], ambalo ni jiji la pili kwa ukubwa nchini, linakidhi mahitaji yake ya maji kupitia mtambo wa Marere upande wa kusini-magharibi, Baricho katika sehemu ya chini ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], na Chemchemi za Mzima zilizoko sehemu ya juu ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], ambapo maji hayo husafirishwa kupitia bomba lenye urefu wa kilomita 220 hadi jijini. === Maji ya chini ya ardhi === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] hutegemea rasilimali za maji ya juu, kama vile mito, maziwa, na hifadhi za mabwawa, pamoja na maji ya chini ya ardhi. Kiwango cha utegemezi wa maji ya ardhini ni kikubwa zaidi katika maeneo ya vijijini na kanda ya pwani, ambapo hata miji ya maeneo hayo hutumia maji hayo ya chini ya ardhi kama chanzo kikuu. <ref name=":24">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hydrogeology of Kenya - MediaWiki|url=https://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Kenya|accessdate=2023-01-26|work=earthwise.bgs.ac.uk|language=en-GB}}</ref> Uvunaji wa maji ya ardhini una nafasi kubwa ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji nchini Kenya, ingawa matumizi yake yanakwamishwa na ubora duni, uchimbaji uliokithiri, kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi katika kanda ya pwani, na upungufu wa takwimu kuhusu upatikanaji wa rasilimali hiyo. Uendelevu wa miundombinu ya maji ya ardhini, hasa vijijini, ni changamoto nyingine; mara nyingi jukumu la kukarabati pampu za mkono zilizoharibika huachwa mikononi mwa jamii husika. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Tim |last2=Hope |first2=Rob |date=2016-10-01 |title=A multi-decadal and social-ecological systems analysis of community waterpoint payment behaviours in rural Kenya |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f73e5ad6-23a5-4457-be0a-fbf7a2249b8b/files/m2dee4103c3f1a4a59156b8962e7c5b3c |journal=Journal of Rural Studies |language=en |volume=47 |pages=85–96 |doi=10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.026 |issn=0743-0167 |s2cid=156255059}}</ref> Hivi sasa, [[Kenya]] ni miongoni mwa mataifa yanayofanya majaribio ya mfumo wa matengenezo ya kitaalamu kama njia mbadala ya kuhakikisha mifumo ya usambazaji maji inadumu kwa muda mrefu. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Goodall |first3=Susanna |last4=Katuva |first4=Jacob |last5=Hope |first5=Rob |date=2021-04-01 |title=Institutional pluralism and water user behavior in rural Africa |journal=World Development |language=en |volume=140 |doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105231 |issn=0305-750X |s2cid=233566959 |doi-access=free |article-number=105231}}</ref> Kwa sababu ya uhaba wa vyanzo vya maji ya juu katika maeneo kame, maji ya ardhini ndiyo tegemeo kuu kwa mahitaji ya maji katika sehemu kubwa ya nchi. Tabaka muhimu za miamba ya maji (aquifers) zinapatikana katika maeneo yenye asili ya volkeno na mchanga wa kwnatanari (quaternary sediments), pamoja na maeneo ya mashapo yenye miamba ya metamofiki kaskazini na pwani ya Kenya. Takriban mita za ujazo milioni 57.21 za maji ya ardhini zilivunwa nchini Kenya mnamo mwaka wa 2012. <ref name=":2">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> == Ufikiaji == [[Faili:Children_and_open_sewer_in_Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|[[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]], Nairobi, mfano wa ukosefu wa huduma za msingi za usafi.]] === Ugavi wa maji === Takwimu za Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) zinaashiria kuwa asilimia 58 ya Wakenya walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji ya kunywa mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ambapo mijini ilikuwa ni 83% na vijijini 50%. Inaripotiwa kuwa asilimia 22 ya idadi ya watu (45% mijini na 14% vijijini) wana ufikiaji wa maji ya bomba majumbani au ndani ya viwanja vyao. Kulingana na JMP, kiwango cha upatikanaji wa vyanzo vilivyoboreshwa maeneo ya mijini kilishuka kutoka 92% mwaka wa 1990 hadi 82% mnamo 2015. Kinyume na hali hiyo, maeneo ya vijijini yalishuhudia ongezeko la ufikiaji kutoka 33% hadi 57% katika kipindi hicho cha muda. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, idadi ya jumla ya Wakenya ambao hawakuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji safi ilifikia watu milioni 19. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Ripoti ya WASREB ya mwaka 2016-17 inaashiria kuwa asilimia 55 ya idadi ya watu nchini walikuwa na uwezo wa "kupata huduma za maji." <ref name="Impact 2015">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2016 – 2017|url=https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/|accessdate=23 August 2018|archivedate=28 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128203220/https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/}}</ref> Hapo awali, kwa kutumia kigezo cha "upatikanaji wa maji uliopimwa" (weighted access), Ripoti ya Utendaji ya 2009 ilikadiria kuwa mnamo 2006–2007 ni asilimia 37 tu ya Wakenya waliokuwa wakipata maji safi na ya kutosha ya kunywa karibu na makazi yao kwa gharama himilivu. Tofauti kubwa za kimaeneo katika ufikiaji wa huduma hizi ziliripotiwa: kiwango cha juu zaidi kilishuhudiwa katika eneo la Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Tetu Aberdare (72%), huku kiwango cha chini kabisa kikirekodiwa kule Muthambi, [[Wilaya ya Meru Kusini]] (4%). Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha upatikanaji kwa kipindi hicho kiliripotiwa kuwa 35%, takwimu ambayo ni tofauti na ile ya 46% iliyoripotiwa awali kwa mwaka 2005-2006, ambayo ilichukuliwa kuwa isiyoakisi hali halisi. ==== Vyanzo vya maji ==== [[Faili:Daily_water_sources_chosen_by_households_in_rural_Kenya.jpg|thumb|Uongo wa chanzo kimoja cha maji ya kunywa kijijini: Badala yake, kuna vyanzo kadhaa vya maji ambavyo kaya katika maeneo ya vijijini Kenya huchagua. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Hope |first=Rob |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Koehler |first3=Johanna |last4=Foster |first4=Tim |date=2020-01-06 |title=Rethinking the economics of rural water in Africa |url=https://academic.oup.com/oxrep/article/36/1/171/5696680 |journal=Oxford Review of Economic Policy |language=en |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=171–190 |doi=10.1093/oxrep/grz036 |hdl=10453/142771 |issn=0266-903X |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref>]] Jamii maskini, hususan akina mama na wasichana, hupoteza muda mwingi wakitafuta maji katika maeneo ya vijijini na mijini. Kwa mfano, utafiti wa Kadi ya Ripoti ya Wananchi wa mwaka 2007 ulibainisha kuwa wateja wa vibanda vya maji mijini huchota maji mara nne hadi sita kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Kisumu]], hali hii ilisababisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini kutumia dakika 112 kwa siku kutafuta maji wakati wa hali ya kawaida, na kufikia hadi dakika 200 kila siku nyakati za uhaba mkubwa Shajara za maji zimekuwa zikitumika kuwekwa kumbukumbu za vyanzo, matumizi, na gharama za maji katika ngazi ya familia vijijini nchini Kenya. <ref name=":5">{{Rejea jarida |last=Hoque |first=Sonia Ferdous |last2=Hope |first2=Robert |date=2018 |title=The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya |url=https://iwaponline.com/wp/article/20/4/725/39060/The-water-diary-method-proofofconcept-and-policy |journal=Water Policy |language=en |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=725–743 |doi=10.2166/wp.2018.179 |issn=1366-7017 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wakazi wa maeneo ya vijijini hutumia vyanzo mbalimbali vya maji, ambapo baadhi hugharamiwa na vingine hupatikana bila malipo yoyote. Vyanzo hivyo ni pamoja na uvunaji wa maji ya mvua (kupitia miamba au mapaa), visima vya kuchimbwa kwa mkono au pampu za mkono—ambavyo vinaweza kuwa milki ya familia, watu binafsi, au vya kijiji. Machaguo mengine ni pamoja na vibanda vya maji, au wachuuzi wanaotumia punda, mikokoteni, na magari. Aidha, kuna vyanzo kama vile mashimo ya mchangani kwenye mito iliyokauka, mabwawa madogo (earth pans), mito, mifereji, pamoja na maji ya bomba yaliyounganishwa ndani ya nyumba au uwanjani. Kaya hizi hutumia maji hayo kwa ajili ya kunywa, kupika, kufanya usafi, kuoga, kunywesha mifugo, au kwa umwagiliaji mdogo. <ref name=":5" /> Shule za vijijini nchini Kenya mara nyingi hutegemea vyanzo vya maji viwili au vitatu tofauti, ambavyo vinaweza kuainishwa kama vyanzo vya ndani ya shule (kama vile maji ya bomba au uvunaji wa maji ya mvua) au vyanzo vya nje ya shule (vya "msingi", "visivyoboreshwa", au maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi). {{Rp|25}}Takriban asilimia 80 ya shule zote nchini Kenya (sawa na shule nne kati ya tano) zimewekewa mifumo ya kuvuna maji ya mvua. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|23}}Pamoja na hayo, wakati wa kiangazi kati ya mwezi Juni na Oktoba, shule nyingi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi ili kukidhi mahitaji yao. <ref name=":3" />{{rp|33}} === Usafi wa mazingira === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ilikadiriwa kuwa jumla ya Wakenya milioni 32 walikuwa bado hawajapata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20}}</ref> Makadirio ya kitaifa ya mwaka 2015 kutoka kwa JMP yanaashiria kuwa asilimia 30 ya Wakenya (43% mijini na 28% vijijini) walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira, ikiwemo mifumo ya maji taka. Katika maeneo ya mijini, asilimia 27 nyingine ya wakazi walitegemea vyoo vya kuchangia, huku takriban 12% ya watu waishio vijijini wakikadiriwa kuendelea na tabia ya kujisaidia nje. Ripoti ya mwaka 2015 ya Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) haikutoa takwimu za jumla kuhusu usafi wa mazingira, badala yake iliangazia tu ufikiaji wa huduma za maji taka mijini ambao ulikadiriwa kufikia asilimia 16. <ref name="Impact 2015">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2016 – 2017|url=https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/|accessdate=23 August 2018|archivedate=28 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128203220/https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2006–2007, iliripotiwa kuwa nusu ya Wakenya walioishi ndani ya maeneo yanayohudumiwa na makampuni 55 ya WSP walikuwa na ufikiaji wa miundombinu ya usafi iliyoboreshwa. Ufafanuzi huu unajumuisha vyoo vya kusuuza, mifumo iliyounganishwa na mabomba au matangi ya maji taka, vyoo vya shimo vilivyoboreshwa (VIP), na vyoo vya kawaida vya shimo. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha huduma hizi kilikadiriwa kuwa asilimia 23 pekee katika kipindi hicho cha 2006–2007. Hata hivyo, Utafiti wa Bajeti Jumuishi ya Kaya nchini wa mwaka 2006 ulitoa takwimu ya juu zaidi ya asilimia 84, ikijumuisha matumizi ya vyoo vya kuchangia pamoja na mashimo mafupi. == Ubora wa huduma == Mamlaka ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) husimamia kwa karibu ubora wa huduma zinazotolewa na kampuni za WSP, kwa shabaha ya kuchochea ushindani wa kiutendaji na uboreshaji wa huduma. Miongoni mwa vigezo vikuu vinavyotumika kupima ubora huo ni pamoja na usafi wa maji, upatikanaji wa maji bila kukatika, na ufanisi katika usafishaji wa maji taka. === Ubora wa maji === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, WASREB iliripoti kuwa makampuni 23 ya maji yalitoa maji ya ubora wa juu (yanayozingatia viwango kwa zaidi ya 95%), huku makampuni 15 yakiwa na ubora unaoridhisha, na mengine 53 yakitajwa kuwa na ubora usiozingatia vigezo (chini ya 90%). Vipimo vilivyotumika viliangazia kiasi cha klorini (uzito wa 40%) na vigezo vya kibakteria (uzito wa 60%). Ikiwa idadi ya sampuli zilizokusanywa ilikuwa pungufu ya kiwango kilichowekwa, alama za ufuataji wa viwango zilipunguzwa. Miji ya [[Kericho]] na [[Kisumu]] iliongoza kwa kufikia asilimia 100 ya ufuataji wa viwango hivyo. Aidha, ripoti ya raia ya mwaka 2007 katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Mombasa]], na [[Kisumu]] ilibainisha mtazamo wa wateja: takriban asilimia 70 ya kaya zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu wa maji ziliridhika na ladha, harufu, pamoja na weupe wa maji hayo. Pamoja na hayo, wakazi wengi bado hutibu maji kabla ya kuyatumia, hali inayodhihirisha hofu na kutokuwa na imani kamili na ubora wa maji yanayosambazwa. Katika maeneo yanayotegemea maji ya ardhini kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, kuna haja ya kutilia mkazo vigezo vya kikemia vya ubora wa maji hayo. Hali ya kikemia ya maji ya ardhini ni suala tete katika usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya kutokana na athari za kijiolojia (geogenic hazards), kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi, pamoja na shinikizo kutoka kwa maji taka na shughuli za kilimo, viwanda, na ukuaji wa miji. <ref name=":22">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> Hatari za kiafya zinazotokana na muundo wa kikemia wa maji ya ardhini zimesambaa kote nchini. Kwa mfano, huko kusini-mashariki mwa Kenya, kuna ripoti za kutelekezwa kwa visima vya pampu kutokana na viwango vikubwa vya chumvi na madini ya chuma. Watumiaji wa maji katika kanda hiyo huhusisha ladha ya chumvi ya maji ya ardhini na matatizo ya meno (dental fluorosis) pamoja na maradhi ya mfumo wa mmeng'enyo wa chakula. <ref name=":22" /> Uchafuzi wa kemikali umeenea sana katika maji ya ardhini yanayotumiwa kwa kunywa, ingawa vyanzo hivi havifanyiwi upimaji wa mara kwa mara. Vigezo muhimu vya kipaumbele vinajumuisha floridi, arseniki, nitrati, au viwango vya juu vya chumvi.<ref name=":22">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> Kwa ujumla, kuna upungufu wa takwimu za kutosha kusaidia uelewa mpana wa usambazaji wa hatari hizi nchini. <ref name=":22" /> Data iliyopo inaonekana kuemea upande mmoja kwa kuwa tafiti nyingi hulenga maeneo yanayofahamika kuwa na uchafuzi mkubwa pekee. Aidha, nchini Kenya kuna idadi ndogo sana ya maabara zenye uwezo na vifaa vya kufanya uchambuzi huu wa kina wa kikemikali. <ref name=":22" /> [[Faili:Kenya_Kisumu_Harbour_Hyacinths_1997ke09b21.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Katika Kisumu, ambayo hupokea maji yake kutoka Ziwa Victoria lililo karibu, zaidi ya 40% ya raia wanaripoti uhaba wa maji ya kunywa.]] === Muendelezo wa usambazaji === Ripoti ya Utendaji (Impact Report) ya mwaka 2015 inaonyesha kuongezeka kwa wastani wa usambazaji wa maji hadi saa 18 kwa siku, ikilinganishwa na saa 14 mnamo 2006–07. Ni kampuni tisa pekee za WSP, ambazo nyingi ni ndogo, zinazoweza kutoa huduma ya maji mfululizo kwa saa 24 kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], wakazi hupata maji kwa wastani wa saa 18 kwa siku, wakati kule [[Mombasa]] huduma hiyo inapatikana kwa saa 6 pekee. Pamoja na hayo, visa vya uhaba wa maji—ambavyo hufafanuliwa kama kukaa zaidi ya siku tano bila maji au kupata kiasi kisichotosheleza—bado ni changamoto nchini [[Kenya]]. Mnamo 2006, zaidi ya asilimia 40 ya kaya jijini [[Kisumu]] (maskini na zisizo maskini) zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu ziliripoti kukumbwa na uhaba. Tofauti kubwa zaidi ya upatikanaji wa maji kati ya wenye kipato cha juu na cha chini ilionekana [[Nairobi]], ambapo uwezekano wa kaya maskini kukosa maji ulikuwa mara mbili zaidi ya kaya tajiri. Vilevile, idadi kubwa ya wateja wanaotumia vibanda vya maji (kiosks) waliripoti uhaba kuliko wale wenye miunganisho ya nyumbani, hali inayodokeza kuwa wakati wa uhaba, vibanda hivi hupewa kipaumbele kidogo katika usambazaji. === Matibabu ya maji machafu === Kulingana na ripoti ya tathmini ya mwaka 2009, nchini Kenya kuna mifumo 43 ya maji taka pamoja na mitambo ya kusafisha maji machafu katika miji 15, inayohudumia jumla ya wakazi 900,000. Inakadiriwa kuwa ufanisi wa utendaji wa mitambo hii ni asilimia 16 tu ya uwezo wake uliokusudiwa. Sababu kuu zinazopelekea hali hii ni usimamizi na matengenezo yasiyotosheleza, pamoja na idadi ndogo ya majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka. Nchini Kenya, kiwango cha uunganishaji wa huduma hii kinakadiriwa kuwa asilimia 19, ingawa ripoti nyingine zinaashiria kuwa kiwango hicho kinaweza kuwa chini hadi asilimia 12. Ni takriban asilimia 60 tu ya maji machafu yanayoingia kwenye mtandao wa maji taka nchini hufika kwenye mitambo ya kusafisha. Mbinu kuu inayotumika nchini Kenya kwa ajili ya kusafisha maji hayo ni matumizi ya mabwawa ya kutuliza maji taka. Mfano mkuu ni Mfumo wa Mabwawa ya Dandora ulioko Nairobi, ambao hushughulikia maji taka kutoka viwandani na majumbani, na ndio mfumo mkubwa zaidi wa aina hiyo barani Afrika. Pamoja na hayo, kitendo cha kuchanganya maji taka ya viwandani na yale ya majumbani katika mfumo mmoja mchanganyiko mara nyingi husababisha kudorora kwa ufanisi wa mifumo ya kusafisha maji katika mabwawa mengi nchini. Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi (Citizen Report Card) inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka (septic tanks) hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Kisumu]], na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira., Kisumu, na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira. Mnamo mwaka wa 2001, kisa kibaya cha uchafuzi kilitokea katika mji wa [[Embu]]; maji taka ghafi yalitiririshwa kutoka kwenye mitambo ya kusafishia maji taka hadi mtoni, jambo lililosababisha vifo vya watu 28 waliotumia maji hayo kwa mahitaji ya nyumbani katika maeneo ya mkondo wa chini. == Historia na maendeleo ya hivi karibuni == Historia ya sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya imekumbwa na changamoto za mtawanyiko wa taasisi uliosababisha utendaji duni, jambo ambalo lilipelekea kufanyika kwa mfululizo wa mageuzi ya kimfumo. === Mwanzo === Historia ya mifumo ya maji ya bomba nchini Kenya ilianza wakati wa utawala wa Himaya ya Afrika Mashariki. Katika kipindi hicho, usambazaji wa maji ulilenga zaidi mahitaji ya makazi ya wakoloni. Usimamizi wa huduma hizi ulitekelezwa na Kitengo cha Hidroliki katika Idara ya Kazi za Umma, kilichoanzishwa kwanza mjini [[Mombasa]]. Aidha, ujenzi wa [[Reli ya Kenya-Uganda|Reli ya Uganda]] mnamo mwaka wa 1896 ulikuwa kichocheo kikuu cha upanuzi wa mabomba ya maji kuelekea maeneo ya ndani ya nchi kupitia njia ya reli. === Kipindi cha ukoloni === Kati ya mwaka wa 1920 na wakati wa kupata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za awali za kudhibiti usambazaji wa maji zilifanyika katika Koloni na nchi ya ulinzi ya Kenya, huku majukumu yakigawanywa miongoni mwa taasisi mbalimbali. Katika miaka ya 1950 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960, usimamizi wa sekta ya maji ulitenganishwa kati ya mamlaka tatu kuu: Wizara ya Ujenzi iliyohusika na mifumo ya maji katika vituo vya mijini; Mamlaka za Serikali za Mitaa zilizoidhinishwa kuwa na uwezo wa kusimamia huduma hiyo; na Idara ya Maendeleo ya Maji, iliyokuwa na jukumu la kuanzisha miradi mipya ya usambazaji wa maji mijini na vijijini. Usambazaji wa maji ghafi (bulk water) kwenda [[Mombasa]] ulifanywa na shirika la Mombasa Pipeline Board, huku uendeshaji wa kila siku wa miundombinu hiyo ukitekelezwa na idara ya maji. Kipindi hicho hakukuwa na mfumo mmoja jumuishi wa utawala na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. Mnamo 1952, Sheria ya Maji (Water Act Cap 372) ilitungwa, ambayo iliendelea kuwa msingi mkuu wa kisheria katika sekta ya maji hadi mwaka wa 2002. [[Faili:Ke-map.png|thumb|349x349px|Ramani ya Kenya.]] Katika sekta ndogo ya usafi wa mazingira, hakukuwa na mfumo thabiti wa kitaasisi uliokuwa ukifanya kazi. Kisheria, Amri ya Afya ya Umma ya mwaka 1921 iliipa Wizara ya Afya mamlaka ya kusimamia masuala ya usafi, ingawa utekelezaji wake ulikuwa adimu sana. Aidha, jamii za wenyeji zilionyesha kusita kukubali taratibu za usafi zilizokuwa zimeidhinishwa na serikali ya kikoloni. Hata hivyo, kati ya mwaka 1929 na 1939, kulifanyika kampeni kabambe za elimu ya afya ya umma ambazo zilichangia pakubwa katika kuenea kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya shimo nchini. Kufikia mwaka wa 1954, mifumo tofauti ya usafi wa mazingira ilikuwa ikitumika kulingana na maeneo mbalimbali nchini Kenya: vyoo vya shimo vilikuwa vimesambaa katika maeneo mengi ya vijijini (native reserves), huku vyoo vya ndoo vikitawala mijini, na mifumo ya kisasa ya maji ikitumiwa pekee katika makazi ya Wazungu kwenye miji mikuu. Wakati wa [[Mau Mau|usasi wa Mau Mau]], Waafrika wengi walizuiliwa katika kambi za kizuizini huku masoko ya ndani yakifungwa kwa hofu ya machafuko. Hali hii ilisababisha kudorora kwa huduma za usafi na kupelekea kuongezeka kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya jumuiya vilivyokosa usimamizi mzuri. === Kenya Huru (1963-1980) === Kenya ilipopata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za kurahisisha usimamizi wa sekta ya maji zilipelekea kuunganishwa kwa mashirika yote yaliyohusika na maji chini ya Wizara ya Kilimo mnamo 1964. Hata hivyo, mtawanyiko wa majukumu na mamlaka haukuwa bayana, hali iliyosababisha mkwamo wa utendaji na ukosefu wa ufanisi. Mnamo 1965, serikali ya Rais [[Jomo Kenyatta]], kupitia Karatasi ya Kikao Nambari 10 kuhusu Ujamaa wa Kiafrika na Matumizi yake katika Mipango nchini [[Kenya]], ilisisitiza kuwa sera za taifa sharti zilengwe katika kutokomeza umaskini, ujinga, na maradhi. Hatua hiyo ilianzisha kipindi cha serikali kushiriki kikamilifu katika uundaji wa sera za maji, ikiongozwa na dhana kuwa maji ni huduma muhimu ya kijamii inayopaswa kutolewa bila malipo au kwa ruzuku. Athari yake ni kwamba, kati ya mwaka wa 1970 na 1981, ushuru wa maji ulipunguzwa bei kwa kiasi kikubwa kupitia ruzuku, jambo ambalo lilienda kinyume na kanuni ya kurejesha gharama za uendeshaji. Katika kipindi chote cha miaka ya 1960, Programu ya Usafi wa Mazingira iliyofadhiliwa na [[Shirika la Afya Duniani|WHO]] na [[UNICEF]] ilitekelezwa nchini Kenya kwa shabaha ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii ndogo za vijijini, kuboresha mbinu za udhibiti wa taka, na kutoa elimu ya usafi wa mazingira kwa wakazi wa vijijini. Miradi ya usambazaji wa maji vijijini iliyobuniwa chini ya programu hiyo ilisimamiwa na Halmashauri za Wilaya (County Councils) zilizokuwa chini ya Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa. Ripoti ya UNICEF ya mwaka 1972 inaonyesha kuwa takriban miradi 560 ya aina hiyo ilikuwa ikifanya kazi nchini Kenya, ikihudumia jumla ya wakazi 664,000. Wakati huo huo, jamii za wenyeji zilianza kuunda mifumo yao ya maji na kuanzisha kamati maalum za usimamizi ambazo zilipata mafunzo ya kiufundi kuhusu usanifu wa mifumo, makadirio ya gharama, na kanuni za hidroliki (hydraulic calculations). Hata hivyo, utafiti wa ufuatiliaji uliofanywa na UNICEF mnamo 1974 ulibainisha changamoto nyingi zilizokuwa zikikwaza uendelevu wa miradi hiyo. Mnamo mwaka wa 1970, Serikali ya Kenya iliingia makubaliano ya mkopo na nchi ya Uswidi kwa ajili ya kufadhili miradi ya Maendeleo ya Usambazaji wa Maji Vijijini. Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) lilipewa jukumu la kufanya utafiti kuhusu hali ya maji nchini, na ripoti hiyo iliyokamilika mwaka wa 1973 ilibainisha uhaba mkubwa wa wataalamu wa kiufundi na maafisa wakuu wa kusimamia sekta hiyo. Ingawa wafadhili walichangia sehemu kubwa ya fedha za maendeleo, mapato ya ndani hayakutosheleza gharama za uendeshaji, huku serikali ikikosa mkakati wa muda mrefu wa uimarishaji wa huduma za maji. Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hizo, '''Wizara kamili ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji''' iliundwa mnamo 1974, ikichukua udhibiti wa miradi yote ya maji iliyokuwa chini ya serikali na mabaraza ya wilaya. Katika mwaka huo huo, Mpango Mkuu wa Kitaifa wa Maji (National Water Master Plan) ulizinduliwa ukiwa na lengo la kubuni mifumo mipya ya usambazaji na kuhakikisha kila Mkenya anapata maji safi katika umbali stahiki, chini ya kauli mbiu maarufu ya "Maji kwa wote ifikapo mwaka 2000". === Kipindi cha mpito (1980–1992) === Mnamo miaka ya 1980, Serikali ilianza kukumbwa na upungufu wa kibajeti uliokwamisha utekelezaji wa miradi kabambe ya kutoa huduma ya maji safi kwa wote na upanuzi wa miundombinu ya maji taka. Kutokana na hali hiyo, kipaumbele kilihamishiwa katika ukarabati wa miradi ya zamani na ujenzi wa miradi mikubwa ya kimkakati kama vile mifumo ya maji ya Baricho na [[Kilimanjaro (Moshi Mjini)|Kilimanjaro]]. Katika kipindi hicho, mnamo mwaka wa 1980, Baraza la Kitaifa la Usafi wa Mazingira liliundwa kwa lengo la kuelimisha jamii kuhusu manufaa ya kiafya ya usafi, pamoja na kuziongoza mamlaka za mitaa katika masuala hayo. Hata hivyo, baraza hilo lilidhoofika polepole na hatimaye kusitisha shughuli zake bila kutimiza majukumu yake makuu. Mnamo mwaka wa 1983, Utafiti wa Matumizi ya Maji uliofanywa na shirika la SIDA ulithibitisha kuwa hali ya wakati huo haikuwa endelevu, na hivyo kupendekeza ugatuzi wa mamlaka pamoja na kuiondolea Wizara majukumu ya uendeshaji na matengenezo. Katika jitihada za kuimarisha utendaji, ufanisi, na kupunguza mzigo wa kifedha katika sekta hiyo, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC) lilianzishwa mnamo Juni 1988. Jukumu kuu la shirika hilo lilikuwa ni kusimamia mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji iliyokuwa chini ya udhibiti wa serikali kwa kuzingatia misingi ya kibiashara. === Biashara ya huduma za ndani === Hata hivyo, mfumo wa usimamizi wa serikali kuu ulishindwa kuleta maboresho yaliyotarajiwa, hali iliyopelekea kuibuka kwa wazo la kuunda kampuni za kibiashara zinazomilikiwa na serikali za mitaa. Mnamo 1992, Mpango Mkuu wa Pili wa Kitaifa wa Maji uliandaliwa, huku sera mpya inayosisitiza ugatuzi wa mamlaka na mfumo unaozingatia mahitaji ya walaji ikijadiliwa kitaifa. Jiji la [[Eldoret]] lilichukua hatua mnamo 1994 kwa kuanzisha idara huru ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka iliyokuwa na usimamizi wa kifedha uliotengwa na bajeti ya manispaa. Bodi ya kampuni hiyo ilijumuisha wawakilishi kutoka mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, makundi ya wanawake, chemba ya biashara na viwanda, pamoja na Shirika la Watumiaji la Kenya. Jitihada hizi za kibiashara katika miji ya Eldoret, Nyeri, na Kericho zilifadhiliwa na shirika la ushirikiano wa maendeleo la Ujerumani (GIZ). Mbinu hii ilirasimishwa na Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa kupitia Sheria ya Makampuni (Sura ya 486 ya mwaka 1996), ambayo ilitoa mwanya wa kuanzishwa kwa makampuni ya maji na usafi wa mazingira yanayomilikiwa na umma lakini yanayoendeshwa kwa misingi ya kibiashara. <ref name="Nyangacha" /> Kufikia mwaka wa 2002, mfumo huu ulikuwa umeleta mafanikio makubwa katika miji ya [[Nyeri]] na [[Eldoret]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kupungua kwa upotevu wa maji, kuimarika kwa ukusanyaji wa maduhuli, na kupungua kwa malalamiko kutoka kwa wateja. Pamoja na hayo, makampuni ya maji katika miji ya [[Kitale]] na [[Nakuru]] yalilazimika kurudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa serikali kuu kutokana na changamoto za kifedha. Mnamo mwaka wa 1999, Sera ya kwanza ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji ilizinduliwa. Sera hiyo iliweka mwelekeo wa serikali kukabidhi usimamizi wa mifumo ya maji mijini kwa idara huru ndani ya mamlaka za mitaa, huku usambazaji wa maji vijijini ukiwekwa chini ya mamlaka ya jamii husika. Kifungu kingine muhimu katika hati hiyo kilikuwa ni kuunganisha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya kampuni moja ya huduma (utility). Sambamba na uandaji wa Sera hiyo ya Kitaifa, Serikali iliunda Kikosi Kazi cha Kitaifa kwa ajili ya kupitia upya Sheria ya Maji (Sura ya 372) na kuandaa marekebisho yaliyokusudiwa kuleta mabadiliko makubwa na ya kina katika sekta nzima. === Upangaji upya wa taasisi za maji (2002–2011) === Mfumo wa sasa wa kisheria wa sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya unazingatia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka 2002, ambayo ilianza kutumika rasmi mnamo Machi 2003. Sheria hii ya mwaka 2002 ilianzisha mageuzi ya kina yaliyojikita katika misingi ifuatayo: * Kutenganishwa kwa usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji na utoaji wa huduma za maji; * Kutenganishwa kwa utungaji wa sera na utekelezaji wa kila siku pamoja na udhibiti; * Ugatuzi wa majukumu kuelekea vyombo vya serikali katika ngazi za chini; * Ushirikishaji wa sekta binafsi na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali katika usimamizi na utoaji wa huduma; Utekelezaji wa misingi hii uliibua mabadiliko makubwa ya kimuundo katika sekta ya maji na kupelekea kuundwa kwa taasisi mpya. Sekretarieti ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji (WSRS) iliundwa kama kitengo cha mpito ndani ya Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji ili kusimamia mchakato wa kuanzisha taasisi hizo mpya. Mnamo mwaka wa 2004, Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF) ulianzishwa kwa lengo la kutoa ruzuku ya kifedha kwa ajili ya uwekezaji wa miundombinu katika maeneo yaliyotelekezwa na yenye huduma duni, ambayo mara nyingi hukaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Aidha, Mpango wa Uhamisho (Transfer Plan) ulibuniwa mwaka 2005 kupitia Ilani ya Kisheria Nambari 101, ukiwa na jukumu la kuratibu ukabidhi wa wafanyakazi na rasilimali kutoka serikali kuu kwenda kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) zilizokuwa zimeundwa kisheria. Ili kuongoza utekelezaji wa Sheria ya Maji, Rasimu ya Mkakati wa Kitaifa wa Huduma za Maji (NWSS) ya kipindi cha 2007–2015 iliandaliwa mnamo Juni 2007. Dhamira yake kuu ni "kutimiza malengo ya Milenia (MDGs) na Dira ya 2030 ya Serikali ya Kenya kuhusu upatikanaji wa maji salama, ya bei nafuu, na usafi wa msingi kupitia taasisi dhabiti ndani ya mfumo wa viwango na kanuni madhubuti". NWSS imejikita katika kutambua upatikanaji endelevu wa maji salama na usafi wa msingi kama haki ya binadamu na pia kama rasilimali yenye thamani ya kiuchumi. Miongoni mwa ahadi za msingi ni pamoja na: urejeshaji wa gharama za uendeshaji kwa watoa huduma ili kuhakikisha uendelevu wa huduma za maji na usafi kwa wote, pamoja na urasimishaji wa mifumo ya utoaji huduma. <ref name="track">African Ministers' Council on Water, AMCOW and Water and Sanitation Program (2006) [http://www.wsp.org/UserFiles/file/27200752445_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water Supply and Sanitation – A Status Review of Sixteen African Countries]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, pp.33–43. </ref> <ref name="MWI – SP">Ministry of Water and Irrigation: [http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RTWP%20-%20NWSS%20June%2007%20draft.pdf The National Water Services Strategy (NWSS)]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}} Retrieved 3 March 2010</ref> Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji (MWI) ilifafanua mipango ya utekelezaji inayolenga kusaidia jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Mnamo mwaka wa 2010, Kenya iliidhinisha Katiba mpya ambayo inatambua na kulinda haki za kimsingi za binadamu kuhusu maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya Kifungu cha 43(1). Kwa namna ya pekee, kifungu hicho kinabainisha kuwa kila mtu ana haki ya "kupata makazi bora na ya kutosha, pamoja na viwango stahiki vya usafi wa mazingira", sanjari na haki ya "kupata maji safi na salama kwa kiasi kinachokidhi mahitaji". === Muswada wa Maji wa 2015 na Sheria ya Maji ya Kitaifa ya 2016 === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, Muswada mpya wa Maji ulipitishwa ukiwa na lengo la kuzifanyia mabadiliko Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji (zilizokuwa kampuni za kumiliki rasilimali) na kuwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Miundombinu ya Maji katika kila kaunti nchini Kenya. Hatua hii inaendana na mfumo wa ugatuzi uliowekwa na Katiba ya Kenya ya mwaka 2010. Aidha, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba lilibadilishwa kuwa Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Uhifadhi wa Maji, huku Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji ikigeuzwa kuwa Tume ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji, na Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji kuwa Mamlaka ya Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ochieng|first=Wesonga|title=Kenya: Water Bill 2012 Set to Transform Water Sector|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201209250084.html|publisher=allAfrica.com|accessdate=27 December 2012|date=24 September 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Draft Water Bill 2012|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/257994-1335471959878/draft-water-bill-2012.pdf|accessdate=27 December 2012}}</ref> Muswada huu unachukuliwa kama toleo lililoboreshwa la Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002, badala ya kuwa mageuzi mapya ya kimsingi katika sekta hiyo. Muswada huo, ambao ulikuwa chini ya majadiliano tangu mwaka 2012, hatimaye ulipitishwa na Bunge kama Muswada wa Maji wa mwaka 2014 (Muswada Nambari 7 wa 2014) mnamo tarehe 7 Julai 2015. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Water Bill, 2014, Bill No. 7 of 2014|url=http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182|publisher=Republic of Kenya, Parliament|accessdate=10 October 2016|archivedate=11 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011055413/http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182}}</ref> Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2016 inafafanua vipengele kadhaa vya utoaji wa huduma pamoja na muundo wa taasisi mpya katika ngazi ya kaunti. Pamoja na hayo, mchakato wa utoaji wa bajeti katika ngazi za kaunti, hususan kwa ajili ya sekta ya maji vijijini na taasisi muhimu kama vile shule na zahanati, bado unakabiliwa na hali ya kutoeleweka vyema. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Nyaga |first2=Cliff |last3=Hope |first3=Rob |last4=Kiamba |first4=Pauline |last5=Gladstone |first5=Nancy |last6=Thomas |first6=Mike |last7=Mumma |first7=Albert |last8=Trevett |first8=Andrew |date=2022 |title=Water policy, politics, and practice: The case of Kitui County, Kenya |journal=Frontiers in Water |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/frwa.2022.1022730 |hdl=1871.1/f4db2fcc-1c4e-4a11-bb5e-24f22433693c |issn=2624-9375 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sheria hii inatambua rasmi mchango wa wadau wa umma na wale wa sekta binafsi katika sekta ya maji, ikitengeneza mazingira ya kisheria yanayowezesha ustawi wa watoa huduma za matengenezo ya kitaalamu. <ref name=":4" /> == Wajibu wa usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira == === Uundaji wa sera na uratibu wa sekta === '''Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji''' ndiyo taasisi kuu yenye dhamana ya kusimamia sekta ya maji nchini Kenya. Wizara hii imegawanywa katika idara tano muhimu: Utawala na Huduma Saidizi; Huduma za Maji; Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji; Umwagiliaji, Mifereji na Uhifadhi wa Maji; pamoja na Idara ya Urejeshaji wa Ardhi. Masuala ya usambazaji wa maji yanasimamiwa na Idara ya Huduma za Maji, ambayo majukumu yake ni pamoja na uundaji wa sera na mikakati ya huduma za maji na mifumo ya maji taka, uratibu wa sekta, pamoja na ufuatiliaji wa taasisi nyinginezo za kutoa huduma za maji. Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inawajibika kwa uwekezaji wa jumla katika sekta hiyo, mipango ya kimaendeleo, na uhamasishaji wa rasilimali za kifedha. Sera ya usafi wa mazingira inasimamiwa na '''Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira''' (MoPHS). Katika juhudi za kuoanisha mfumo wa kitaasisi wa sekta hiyo, wizara ya MWI na MoPHS zimebuni kwa pamoja Dhana ya Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira yenye shabaha na malengo yaliyoainishwa wazi. Kufikia mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2011, [[Charity Ngilu]], ambaye ni mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kenya kinachomuunga mkono Waziri Mkuu [[Raila Odinga]], alihudumu kama Waziri wa Maji na Umwagiliaji. Wakati huo huo, Beth Mugo wa Chama cha Umoja wa Kitaifa cha Rais [[Mwai Kibaki]], alikuwa Waziri wa Afya na Usafi wa Mazingira. Wizara nyingine pia zina mchango muhimu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira. Wizara ya Elimu inashirikiana na MWI pamoja na MoPHS katika kuimarisha usafi wa mazingira shuleni kupitia ushiriki wao katika Kamati za Programu za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira. Aidha, Kitengo cha Uratibu wa Sekta ya Kilimo hushughulikia masuala yote yanayohusu kilimo, ikiwa ni pamoja na umwagiliaji ambao uko chini ya usimamizi wa MWI. Vilevile, MWI inashirikiana na Wizara za Misitu, Mazingira, na Programu Maalum kwa ajili ya kuendeleza ukarabati na uhifadhi wa vyanzo vikuu vya maji === Kanuni === '''Udhibiti wa Kiuchumi.''' Udhibiti na ufuatiliaji wa utoaji wa huduma za maji mijini na vijijini unatekelezwa na Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB). WASREB ni shirika la serikali lisilo la kibiashara lililoanzishwa mnamo Machi 2003 kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002. Majukumu yake makuu ni pamoja na: kutoa leseni kwa bodi za huduma za maji na kuidhinisha Mikataba ya Utoaji wa Huduma (SPAs); kuandaa miongozo ya tozo za maji na kuratibu mazungumzo ya bei; kuweka viwango na kuandaa miongozo ya utoaji wa huduma; pamoja na kuchapisha matokeo ya ufuatiliaji wa sekta kupitia ripoti linganifu (kama vile Ripoti ya Athari). '''Udhibiti wa mazingira''' nchini Kenya unatekelezwa na Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi wa Mazingira (NEMA). NEMA ilianzishwa kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Usimamizi na Uratibu wa Mazingira (Nambari 8 ya mwaka 1999) na kuanza shughuli zake rasmi mnamo Julai 2002. Jukumu lake kuu ni kuhimiza ujumuishaji wa masuala ya mazingira katika sera, mipango, programu, na miradi ya serikali. Hususan katika sekta ya maji, NEMA inawajibika kuandaa kanuni za ubora wa maji, ambapo toleo la sasa la kanuni hizo liliidhinishwa mwaka wa 2006. <ref>[http://www.nema.go.ke/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 National Environment Management Authority, Kenya]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}} Retrieved 17 March 2010</ref> === Usimamizi wa mali === Kutokana na mageuzi ya sekta hiyo, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira limegatuliwa kwa '''Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji''' za kikanda (WSBs), ambazo ni: Athi (inayohudumia mji mkuu wa Nairobi), Pwani, Tana, Ziwa Victoria Kaskazini, Ziwa Victoria Kusini, Kaskazini, Bonde la Ufa, na tangu mwaka wa 2008, Bodi ya Tanathi.. Bodi hizi za Huduma za Maji zina dhamana ya usimamizi wa rasilimali, ikijumuisha upanuzi na ukarabati wa miundombinu ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka, pamoja na upangaji na utekelezaji wa uwekezaji katika sekta hiyo. Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zilipoanzishwa, zilikabiliwa na ukosoaji kama "safu ya urasimu isiyo ya lazima" iliyosababisha "mgongano wa majukumu," kwa kuwa zilikuwa na dhima pacha kama "wadhibiti (pamoja na WSRB) na wahusika wa soko". Aidha, zilishtumiwa kwa kuwa taasisi "zisizogusika na zenye urasimu mkubwa... ambazo ziko mbali na maeneo ya utoaji wa huduma". Ingawa WSBs hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa leseni, utaratibu huo wa utoaji leseni umekosolewa kwa kuwa "wa kiofisi, mzito, na unaozua mkanganyiko". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=J. M. Migai Akech, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Nairobi|title=Governing Water And Sanitation in Kenya: Public Law, Private Sector Participation and the Elusive Quest for a Suitable Institutional Framework|url=http://www.ielrc.org/activities/workshop_0704/content/d0702.pdf|publisher=Paper prepared for the workshop entitled 'Legal Aspects of Water Sector Reforms' to be organised in Geneva from 20 to 21 April 2007 by the International Environmental Law Research Centre (IELRC) in the context of the Research partnership 2006–2009 on water law sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)|accessdate=27 December 2012|pages=32–33|year=2007}}</ref> === Utoaji wa huduma === Dhamana ya utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira imekasimiwa kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs). Hata hivyo, bodi hizi hazina wajibu wa kutoa huduma hizo moja kwa moja; badala yake, zinaweza kukabidhi jukumu hilo kwa makampuni ya umma yanayojiendesha kibiashara, yanayofahamika kama '''Watoa Huduma za Maji''' (WSPs). Utekelezaji wa huduma hizi unadhibitiwa kupitia Mikataba ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) ili kuhakikisha uzingatiaji wa viwango vya ubora, viwango vya huduma, na vigezo vya utendaji vilivyowekwa na WASREB. Kuna makundi mawili makuu ya WSPs: * '''Mashirika ya Umma ya Huduma:''' Kuna jumla ya WSPs 89 katika kundi hili, ikijumuisha makampuni yenye dhima ya ukomo (LLCs) katika maeneo ya mijini yanayomilikiwa na mamlaka moja au zaidi ya mitaa, pamoja na Vyama vya Watumiaji wa Maji (WUAs) katika maeneo ya vijijini. * '''Mashirika ya Kibinafsi ya Huduma:''' Kuna WSPs mbili tu ndogo katika kategoria hii, nazo ni Kampuni ya Maji ya Runda (Runda Water Company) na Mradi wa Maji wa Kiamumbi (Kiamumbi Water Project). [[Faili:Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Idadi ya watu wa makazi ya kipato cha chini kama vile [[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]] wanategemea maji yanayotolewa na watoa huduma ndogo zisizo rasmi.]] '''Watoa huduma wadogo''' wasio rasmi (SSPs) hutoa huduma ya maji katika makazi ya watu wenye kipato cha chini vijijini na mijini. Baadhi yao huuza maji kwa kutumia malori ya mizinga (tankers) au mitungi, mara nyingi kwa bei inayozidi ile ya maji ya bomba kwa mara tano hadi kumi. Makundi mengine ni vikundi vya kijamii, mara nyingi vikiendeshwa na wanawake, vinavyotoa huduma ya maji ya bomba. Mfuko wa Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji (Water Sector Trust Fund) unaendeleza juhudi za kurasimisha utoaji wa huduma katika maeneo hayo yenye kipato cha chini. Mfuko huo umezindua dhana mbili za kitaifa za kutoa huduma kwa jamii maskini: kwanza ni Mzunguko wa Mradi wa Jamii (Community Project Cycle), unaotoa ruzuku kwa jamii zilizo tayari kuzingatia vigezo vya msingi vya huduma; na pili ni "Dhana ya Maskini wa Mijini" (Urban Poor Concept) ambayo imetekelezwa tangu mwaka 2007, ikapelekea ujenzi wa vibanda vingi vya maji (water kiosks) vinavyozingatia vigezo vya uendelevu. Mfano wa ushirikiano wa dhati kati ya kampuni ya huduma na vikundi vya kijamii unapatikana katika mtaa wa Nyalenda, makazi yenye watu takriban 60,000 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Katika mfumo huu, kampuni ya maji ya eneo hilo huuza maji kwa jumla kwa vikundi vya kijamii, ambavyo kwa upande wao husimamia mifumo ya usambazaji na vibanda vya kuuzia maji ndani ya vitongoji vyao. [[Faili:Malindi_town_view.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mtazamo wa mji wa kale wa Malindi, mji wa kitalii ambapo kampuni binafsi iliendesha mfumo wa maji kuanzia 1999 hadi 2003.]] '''Ushiriki wa sekta binafsi.''' Sekta binafsi ina mchango mdogo, ingawa wenye umuhimu, katika uendeshaji wa mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji nchini Kenya. Tangu mwaka wa 1975, kampuni ya Runda Water Limited imekuwa ikisambaza maji ya bomba katika mtaa wa makazi ya kifahari wa Old Runda jijini Nairobi. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, kampuni hiyo ilitia saini mkataba wa utoaji wa huduma (SPA) na Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Athi (Athi WSB) kwa ajili ya kusambaza maji kwa wakazi wa mitaa miwili ya makazi katika eneo hilo'''.''' Mnamo mwaka wa 1995, mkataba wa huduma ulitiwa saini kati ya NWCPC na kampuni ya Gauff Consulting Engineers kwa ajili ya kuzisaidia mamlaka za mitaa katika mji wa pwani wa Malindi kuboresha mifumo ya utoaji bili na ukusanyaji wa mapato. Mkataba huo uliongezwa muda wake kutoka miezi saba na nusu hadi miaka mitatu na nusu. Kufuatia kukamilika kwake mnamo mwaka wa 1999, mkataba wa usimamizi ulitiwa saini kati ya Kampuni ya Maji ya Malindi na mwendeshaji binafsi kwa kipindi cha miaka minne, kwa lengo la kuimarisha uwezo wa kampuni hiyo katika nyanja za kiufundi na usimamizi wa kifedha. Mkataba huo ulitathminiwa kuwa na mafanikio na kufuatia kukamilika kwake, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma lilirudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa sekta ya umma. Katika mji mdogo wa [[Tala, Kenya|Tala]] mnamo mwaka wa 1999, baraza la kaunti ya Kangundo liliingia mkataba wa miaka 30 wa usambazaji wa maji na kampuni ya Romane Agencies Ltd. Makubaliano hayo yanabainisha kuwa asilimia 10 ya mapato yote yanapaswa kuwasilishwa kwa baraza la mji. Hadi sasa, maboresho kiasi katika ubora wa huduma yameonekana, ingawa upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii nzima bado unakabiliwa na changamoto kubwa. === Usuluhishi wa sekta ya maji === Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002 pia iliidhinisha kuanzishwa kwa '''Bodi huru ya Rufaa za Maji''' (Water Appeals Board) kwa ajili ya usuluhishi wa mizozo na migogoro inayohusiana na rasilimali za maji. Ingawa Bodi hiyo ilizinduliwa rasmi jijini Nairobi mnamo mwaka wa 2005, ni mashauri matatu pekee ambayo yametolewa maamuzi tangu wakati huo. Aidha, rufaa nyingine tano bado hazijashughulikiwa kufuatia kujiuzulu kwa mwenyekiti mnamo Machi 2009, huku muda wa kuhudumu kwa wajumbe wengine wawili wa bodi hiyo ukiwa haujaongezwa. === Asasi za kiraia === Kenya ina asasi za kiraia zinazojihusisha kikamilifu na sekta ya maji, zikiwemo mashirika kadhaa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) ya ndani yanayofanya kazi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira. Mashirika mengi kati ya haya ni wanachama wa Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) ulioanzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 2007. Miongoni mwa majukumu yake, KEWASNET hufuatilia utoaji wa huduma, hususan kwa jamii zenye kipato cha chini, pamoja na utekelezaji wa sera za mageuzi katika sekta ya maji. Aidha, mtandao huo "hutoa taarifa kwa Wakenya ili kuwawezesha kuhusika na kushiriki katika mifumo ya usimamizi na ufanyaji maamuzi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira". Vilevile, KEWASNET "hukuza utamaduni wa uwajibikaji miongoni mwa walaji ili kulipia huduma wanazopata kutoka kwa kampuni za maji, huku wakilinda miundombinu na vifaa dhidi ya uharibifu na hujuma." Mojawapo ya mashirika makubwa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) nchini Kenya yanayojihusisha na masuala ya maji na usafi wa mazingira ni Maji na Ufanisi. Shirika hili linajishughulisha na maendeleo ya jamii pamoja na ujenzi wa miundombinu katika mitaa ya mabanda na miji midogo, likipigia debe utawala bora katika sekta hiyo sanjari na kufanya tafiti mbalimbali. Maji na Ufanisi lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 1998 ili kurithi na kuendeleza operesheni za shirika la WaterAid UK nchini Kenya, baada ya shirika hilo la Uingereza kuamua kusitisha shughuli zake hapa nchini.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Maji na Ufanisi|title=Background of Maji na Ufanisi|url=http://www.majinaufanisi.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&layout=category&task=category&id=34&Itemid=128|accessdate=12 November 2011}}</ref> === Huduma za kuosha kwa shule === Ripoti iliyotolewa mnamo mwaka wa 2021 ilichunguza hali ya huduma za maji katika shule mbalimbali nchini Kenya na kubainisha kuwa "jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za WASH mashuleni katika ngazi ya kaunti bado halijatafsiriwa vyema". {{Rp|3}}Kutokana na kukosekana kwa uratibu thabiti kati ya serikali ya kitaifa na serikali za kaunti, kila shule imeachwa na jukumu la kusimamia utoaji wake wa huduma za maji, usafi, na usafi wa mazingira (WASH) kwa namna ya kipekee. Hali hii inasababisha mkwamo kwani kwa sasa hakuna mfumo madhubuti wa ufuatiliaji wala kanuni rasmi za kusimamia mchakato huo. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|3}} == Ufanisi wa kiuchumi == Utendaji wa kiuchumi wa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) nchini Kenya unafuatiliwa kwa karibu na WASREB, ambapo matokeo yake huchapishwa katika Ripoti ya Athari (Impact Report) kwa lengo la kuchochea ushindani na kueneza mbinu bora za kiutendaji. Viashiria muhimu vinavyotumika kupima ufanisi wa kiuchumi ni pamoja na: viwango vya ukusanyaji wa mapato, kiasi cha maji yasiyoingiza mapato (NRW), uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita, pamoja na tija ya wafanyakazi. Hata hivyo, Watoa Huduma za Maji wengi nchini Kenya bado hawajafanikiwa kufikia vigezo na shabaha zilizowekwa katika nyanja hizi. '''Kiwango cha Ukusanyaji.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013-14, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wengi nchini Kenya walirekodi ufanisi mkubwa katika ukusanyaji wa mapato, wakifikia wastani wa 93% ikilinganishwa na 86% mnamo 2006-07. Shirika lililoonyesha utendaji duni zaidi lilikuwa Mawingo, ambalo lilikusanya asilimia 40 pekee ya kiasi cha ankara zilizotolewa. Katika baadhi ya kampuni za huduma, kiwango cha ukusanyaji kilivuka asilimia 100, hali iliyotokana na uwezo wa WSPs kufanikiwa kukusanya malimbikizo ya madeni ya miaka ya nyuma. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Maji yasiyo ya mapato.''' Kwa wastani, asilimia 42 ya maji yaliyosambazwa nchini Kenya hayakutolewa ankara katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013–2014, kutokana na changamoto kama vile uvujaji wa miundombinu au wizi wa maji. Ni Mtoa Huduma za Maji mmoja pekee (Nyeri) aliyefanikiwa kufikia kigezo kilichowekwa na Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji cha kuwa na kiwango cha NRW cha chini ya 20%. Katika jiji la Nairobi, viwango vya NRW vilikuwa 39%, huku kule Mombasa vikiwa 48%. Kulingana na gharama ya uzalishaji kwa kila uniti, hasara za kitaifa zilizotokana na maji yasiyoingiza mapato mnamo mwaka 2014 zilikadiriwa kufikia Shilingi bilioni 5.2, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na dola za Marekani milioni 52. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Uwiano wa Ufungaji wa Mita.''' Uwiano wa mita miongoni mwa makampuni ya huduma za maji nchini Kenya ulikuwa asilimia 89 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14, ikiwa ni ongezeko kutoka asilimia 82 mnamo 2006-2007. Hata hivyo, bado kuna shaka juu ya ufanisi wa mita hizo na ikiwa zilizosakinishwa zinafanya kazi ipasavyo. Uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita jijini Nairobi ulikuwa umepanda hadi asilimia 99 mnamo 2006-07, lakini kiwango hicho kilishuka na kufikia asilimia 94 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Uzalishaji wa nguvu kazi.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013–2014, kulikuwa na wastani wa wafanyakazi 7 kwa kila miunganisho 1,000 ya maji nchini Kenya, ikiwa ni uboreshaji mkubwa ikilinganishwa na wafanyakazi 11 mnamo 2006–07. Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) saba, ambao wote ni makampuni makubwa, walifikia viwango vizuri vya tija ya wafanyakazi kwa kuwa na watumishi 5 au chini ya hapo kwa kila miunganisho 1,000, ikiwa ni maendeleo kutoka kwa kampuni moja tu iliyofikia kiwango hicho mnamo 2006–07. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> == Vipengele vya kifedha == === Urejeshaji wa gharama === Mnamo mwaka wa 2014, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) walifanikiwa kurejesha wastani wa asilimia 100 ya gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Hata hivyo, ni mashirika manne tu yaliyofikia lengo la kurejesha asilimia 150 ya gharama hizo, kiasi kinachohitajika kwa ajili ya kulipa madeni na kuimarisha miundombinu. Kisheria, Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinapaswa kugharamia uendeshaji wa ofisi zao kupitia Ushuru wa Udhibiti unaokusanywa kutoka kwa WSPs katika maeneo yao. Ukweli ni kwamba, ni Bodi ya Athi pekee iliyoweza kugharamia asilimia 115 ya gharama zake za uendeshaji mnamo 2006/2007, huku bodi nyingine zikiendelea kutegemea kwa kiasi kikubwa ruzuku kutoka serikali kuu. === Kiwango cha ushuru === Wastani wa ushuru wa maji ulioripotiwa mnamo mwaka wa 2014 ulikuwa Shilingi 60 (takriban dola za Marekani 0.60) kwa kila mita ya ujazo ($m^3$). Hata hivyo, takwimu hii haitoi picha halisi kutokana na tofauti kubwa za kikanda na kuwepo kwa mfumo wa ushuru wa madaraja (progressive block tariff) kwa miunganisho ya majumbani. Chini ya mfumo huu, kiasi cha kwanza cha $10\text{ m}^3$ hutozwa ada ya chini kabisa inayofadhiliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na serikali, huku madaraja yanayofuata (hadi $20, 50, 100$ na $300$ pamoja na zaidi ya $300\text{ m}^3$) yakitozwa ushuru unaoongezeka hatua kwa hatua, ambapo ushuru wa daraja la juu kabisa ni mara tano zaidi ya daraja la kwanza. Katika maeneo yasiyo na mita, kiwango maalum cha ada ya mwezi hutumika. Lengo la mfumo huu ni kuhimiza matumizi ya maji kwa uangalifu na kuhakikisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini zinapata maji kwa bei nafuu. Pamoja na hayo, mfumo huu unakabiliwa na changamoto katika maeneo ya mabanda ambapo kaya huuziana maji au kushirikiana muunganisho mmoja, jambo linalowapelekea kuingia katika daraja la juu la matumizi na hivyo kulazimika kulipa ushuru mkubwa zaidi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">nukuu inahitajika</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Kwa mfano, katika maeneo ya vijijini ya [[Mwingi]] Kaskazini, maji yanayotolewa kutoka Bwawa la [[Kiambere]] katika [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]] huuzwa kwa kaya zisizokuwa na miunganisho ya bomba kwa bei ya ruzuku ya dola 1 ya Marekani kwa kila mita ya ujazo (m³) mnamo 2014 (sawa na KSh 2 kwa kila lita 20) <ref name=":5">{{Rejea jarida |last=Hoque |first=Sonia Ferdous |last2=Hope |first2=Robert |date=2018 |title=The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya |url=https://iwaponline.com/wp/article/20/4/725/39060/The-water-diary-method-proofofconcept-and-policy |journal=Water Policy |language=en |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=725–743 |doi=10.2166/wp.2018.179 |issn=1366-7017 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Katika eneo hilo hilo, maji yanayochimbwa kutoka kwenye visima virefu na vyanzo vya asili vya miamba huuzwa katika vibanda vya maji kwa gharama ya kati ya dola 1 na 2.5 kwa kila m³ (KSh 2 hadi 5 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Wakati mwingine, wakazi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi binafsi, jambo ambalo ni ghali zaidi kwani gharama huongezeka kufikia kati ya dola 2.5 na 10 kwa kila m³ (KSh 5 hadi 20 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Taarifa zinazohusu ushuru wa maji katika vibanda (water kiosks) zinaonekana kugongana. Ripoti ya mwaka 2007 iliyochunguza miji mitatu nchini Kenya inabainisha kuwa gharama ya uniti kwa vibanda vya maji ilikuwa Shilingi 10 kwa kila m³ jijini [[Nairobi]], Shilingi 15 jijini [[Mombasa]], na Shilingi 55 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Hata hivyo, ripoti hiyo hiyo katika sehemu ya awali inasema kuwa walaji wanaotumia vibanda vya maji hulipa Shilingi 100 kwa kila m³ katika miji hiyo yote mitatu. Kiwango hicho kinatajwa kuwa ni mara mbili hadi tano zaidi ya gharama wanayolipa wateja waliounganishiwa maji ya bomba moja kwa moja majumbani mwao. Nchini Kenya, hakuna ushuru rasmi wa maji taka, hali inayopelekea majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka kupata huduma hiyo bila malipo, licha ya kuwa mchakato wa uzoaji na usafishaji wa maji machafu una gharama kubwa inayolingana na ile ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa. Mnamo mwaka wa 2013, utafiti ulioagizwa na mamlaka ya udhibiti ulipendekeza kuanzishwa kwa ushuru wa huduma za maji taka wa asilimia 5 kama tozo ya ziada katika ankara za maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Mbali na ushuru wa huduma, Kenya pia imeanzisha tozo za uvunaji wa maji kutoka vyanzo vya chini ya ardhi pamoja na maji ya juu (surface water). === Marekebisho ya ushuru === Uwekaji wa ushuru wa maji ni jukumu la Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) kwa kuzingatia gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru huo sharti uidhinishwe na WASREB, ambayo pia ina mamlaka ya kuelekeza WSB kuandaa mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya bei. Kwa mujibu wa Miongozo ya Ushuru, kuna aina tatu za marekebisho: Marekebisho ya Kawaida (Regular Tariff Adjustments) yanayozingatia mpango wa biashara wa WSP; Marekebisho ya Dharura (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustments) yanayofanyika pale muundo wa gharama unapobadilika kwa kiasi kikubwa; na Marekebisho ya Kiotomatiki (Automatic Tariff Adjustments) yanayoweza kufanyika kila baada ya miezi 12 kama sehemu ya mkataba wa utoaji huduma. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, Marekebisho ya Dharura ya Ushuru (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustment) yaliidhinishwa kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wote nchini kama hatua ya mpito ya kuzisaidia kampuni hizo kugharamia uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru wa huduma za uondoaji wa maji taka ni sehemu muhimu ya marekebisho hayo, huku lengo kuu likiwa ni kufikia uwezo wa kurejesha gharama zote za uwekezaji (full cost recovery) katika sekta ya usafi wa mazingira. Pamoja na hayo, wizara yenye dhamana ya maji inatambua kuwa utekelezaji wa ushuru wa kurejesha gharama kamili kwa mifumo fulani ya maji taka unaweza kusababisha huduma hiyo kutofikika kwa urahisi kutokana na gharama kubwa kwa kaya nyingi zilizounganishwa. === Uwekezaji === Kulingana na Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji ya 2013–14, uwekezaji katika huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini ulifikia Shilingi bilioni 12 (takriban dola za Marekani milioni 120), kiasi ambacho ni kidogo ikilinganishwa na hitaji la uwekezaji la kila mwaka la takriban Shilingi bilioni 75 (dola za Marekani milioni 750). <ref name="Impact Investment">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Takwimu za Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji zinaonyesha kuwa bajeti ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira ilifikia Shilingi bilioni 18.7 (dola za Marekani milioni 242.8) katika Mwaka wa Fedha wa 2008–09, kiwango kilichokuwa juu zaidi ya uwekezaji wa mwaka 2013–14. Katika kipindi cha miaka mitano iliyotangulia, bajeti ya sekta ya maji iliongezeka kwa asilimia 245 kutoka Shilingi bilioni 4.2 (dola za Marekani milioni 54.5) mnamo 2004–2005. Takriban asilimia 82 ya fedha hizo zilitengwa kwa ajili ya sekta ndogo ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira, huku kiasi kilichosalia kikielekezwa kwenye Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji, Miundombinu ya Umwagiliaji na Hifadhi ya Maji, pamoja na Urejeshaji wa Ardhi iliyoharibika. === Ufadhili === Kulingana na mamlaka ya udhibiti, "utegemezi wa kupindukia kwa washirika wa maendeleo (yaani wafadhili wa nje), waliochangia zaidi ya asilimia 94 ya jumla ya rasilimali za uwekezaji mnamo 2013/14, ni ishara hatari kwa ustawi wa sekta hii". Vyanzo vikuu vya ufadhili kwa taasisi za maji nchini Kenya vimegawanyika katika makundi matatu: fedha za serikali ambazo zilichangia asilimia 58 ya ufadhili wa sekta mnamo 2008–2009, mapato ya ndani ya taasisi yaliyofikia asilimia 11, na michango ya wafadhili iliyoundwa na asilimia 31 ya fedha zilizopatikana kipindi hicho. Theluthi moja ya michango kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo ilijumuishwa katika bajeti kuu ya serikali, huku theluthi mbili zilizosalia zikitolewa nje ya mfumo wa bajeti. Katika makadirio ya ufadhili wa wafadhili kwa mwaka 2008–2009, asilimia 70 ilitolewa kwa mfumo wa mikopo, wakati ruzuku ziliwakilisha asilimia 30 pekee. Ufadhili wa mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha upatikanaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira katika maeneo yaliyotengwa—hususan yale yanayokaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini—hutolewa na '''Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji''' (WSTF). Mfuko huu wa WSTF hupokea rasilimali za kifedha kutoka kwa Serikali ya Kenya pamoja na mashirika ya wafadhili, kisha huzielekeza katika maeneo 362 yaliyobainika kuwa duni zaidi kote nchini (mchakato unaofanyika kwa ushirikiano na Bodi za Huduma za Maji). === Malipo ya bili kupitia simu za mkononi === Tangu mwaka wa 2009, kampuni kubwa zaidi ya mawasiliano nchini Kenya ilipanua wigo wa mfumo wake wa malipo kupitia simu za mkononi, [[M-pesa|M-Pesa,]] ili kuruhusu makampuni ya huduma za maji kupokea malipo ya bili kwa njia ya kidijitali.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Fastcompany|title=Kenya's M-PESA System Lets Cell Phones Control Access to Water|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/ariel-schwartz/sustainability/kenyas-m-pesa-system-lets-cell-phones-control-access-water|accessdate=27 August 2011|date=3 September 2009}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka wa 2012, zaidi ya Wakenya milioni 12, wakiwemo asilimia 85 ya wakazi wa mijini, walikuwa wakitumia huduma za kifedha kupitia simu za mkononi. Utafiti uliofanywa na Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford ulibainisha kuwa kabla ya teknolojia hii, wakazi wa Kiamumbi nje ya jiji la Nairobi walilazimika kutumia dakika 40 kusafiri na kusubiri kwenye foleni ndefu benki ili kuweka amana, kisha kuwasilisha stakabadhi katika ofisi za maji ili kukamilisha malipo. Baada ya shirika la maji la eneo hilo kuanza kutumia mfumo wa M-Pesa mnamo Desemba 2010, takriban nusu ya wateja wake walihamia kwenye mfumo huo wa kidijitali ndani ya kipindi cha miezi miwili pekee. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Timothy |last2=Robert Hope |last3=Cliff Nyaga |date=21–27 August 2011 |title=Adoption and implications of mobile phone banking for urban water services in Kenya |journal=World Water Week in Stockholm Abstract Volume |pages=76–77}}</ref> == Ushirikiano wa nje == {{Water supply and sanitation by country}}Kenya inapokea usaidizi wa kimataifa kutoka kwa mashirika mbalimbali ya wafadhili, ambapo miradi inayotekelezwa hivi sasa inakadiriwa kuwa na thamani ya euro milioni 627. Wafadhili wakuu katika sekta hii ni pamoja na [[Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika Mashariki|Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika]] (AfDB), [[Ufaransa]], [[Ujerumani]], [[Uswidi|Sweden]], na [[Udeni|Denmark]], sanjari na [[Benki ya Dunia]]. Washirika wengine wa maendeleo ni Tume ya Ulaya, Italia, Finland, Japan (kupitia JICA), Uholanzi, pamoja na [[UNICEF]]. Misaada hii ya nje imejikita zaidi katika miradi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini, huku kukiwa na mikakati michache zaidi inayoelekezwa katika maeneo ya vijijini. Mnamo Oktoba 2006, Serikali ya Kenya ilianzisha Mbinu ya Pamoja ya Kisekta (SWAp) kwa lengo la kuoanisha shughuli za washirika wa maendeleo, pamoja na uratibu na utekelezaji wa miradi. Mbinu hii ya SWAp husaidia kuimarisha majadiliano ya kisekta kati ya Wizara na wafadhili, mbali na kukuza uhusiano wa sekta mtambuka. Chini ya usimamizi wa mashirika makuu ya wafadhili, mfumo wa sera ya sekta ya pamoja, taratibu za ufuatiliaji, pamoja na programu na mikakati ya kisekta vinaendelea kuandaliwa. Tangu mwaka 2007, Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji (AWSR) yamekuwa yakifanyika ili kusaidia katika ulinganifu wa miradi ya wafadhili. Aidha, Washirika wa Maendeleo wameunda Kikundi cha Kiufundi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSTG) ili kuboresha uratibu miongoni mwao, pamoja na Kikundi Kazi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSWG) kwa ajili ya mawasiliano na serikali. Kikundi cha WSTG kinaongozwa na utatu wa wanachama (troika) na mwenyekiti anayezunguka kila mwaka; mnamo 2012, utatu huo ulijumuisha nchi za Ujerumani, Uholanzi, na Uswidi. === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika (AfDB) inashiriki kikamilifu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi ifuatayo, ikiwa na mchango wa takriban euro milioni 70 kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo: * Mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Udhibiti wa Taka katika Miji Midogo" (jumla ya thamani: euro milioni 84.2), uliozinduliwa katikati ya mwaka 2009, unalenga kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji na maji taka, pamoja na mikakati ya hifadhi ya maji katika eneo la Yatta kwa kipindi cha miaka minne. Idadi ya wanufaika wa mradi huu inakadiriwa kufikia watu 780,000. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-007/ Small Towns Water Supply & Waste]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Mapema mwaka 2009, "Mradi wa Usaidizi wa Bodi za Huduma za Maji" (thamani: euro milioni 61.5) <ref name="euro" /> ulianza kutekelezwa kwa lengo la kukuza maendeleo ya kitaasisi katika bodi mbalimbali, zikiwemo Bodi ya Ziwa Victoria Kusini (LVSWSB), Maji ya Kaskazini (NWSB), na Bodi ya Tana (TWSB), ili kuboresha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira kikanda. * Aidha, mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira katika Bonde la Ufa" (thamani: euro milioni 22.9), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2006, unatarajiwa kuwanufaisha wakazi 350,000 katika maeneo ya mijini na vijijini ndani ya bonde hilo. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-002 Rift Valley Water Supply & Sanitation]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Hatimaye, "Mradi wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira kwa Shule za Msingi Wilayani Kisumu" (thamani: euro milioni 0.22), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2007, unalenga takriban wanafunzi 3,200 na kamati za usimamizi katika shule sita shiriki. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-006/ Kisumu District Primary Schools Water and Sanitation Project]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> === Ufaransa === Shirika la Maendeleo la Ufaransa (AFD) hutoa usaidizi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi inayotekelezwa jijini Nairobi, [[Kisumu]] na [[Mombasa]]. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, jumla ya ufadhili wa miradi iliyokuwa ikiendelea ilifikia euro milioni 105, kiasi kilichojumuisha mkopo wa euro milioni 40 kwa ajili ya Mombasa ulioidhinishwa mwaka huo huo. Mnamo 2009, AFD iliidhinisha mkopo mwingine wa euro milioni 51 kwa lengo la kuimarisha usambazaji wa maji na miundombinu ya usafi wa mazingira katika miji ya [[Nairobi]] na [[Kisumu]]. Hapo awali, shirika hilo pia lilishiriki katika ufadhili wa miradi mingine katika maeneo ya [[Kandara]], Kahuti, [[Litein]], na [[Siaya]]. <ref name="AFD East Africa" /> === Ujerumani === Tangu mwaka wa 1975, [[Ujerumani]] imekuwa ikifadhili sekta ya maji nchini Kenya kupitia Wizara ya Shirikisho ya Ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo (BMZ), inayotekeleza majukumu yake kupitia shirika la GIZ (ushirikiano wa kiufundi) na benki ya KfW (ushirikiano wa kifedha). KfW imeteuliwa kama mratibu mkuu wa sekta hiyo, huku programu zinazoendelea za Ujerumani zikikadiriwa kufikia euro milioni 80. Lengo kuu la ushirikiano huu wa nchi mbili ni kuziwezesha taasisi za kisekta kuhakikisha upatikanaji endelevu na wa usawa wa maji safi na huduma za usafi wa mazingira mijini, pamoja na kulinda rasilimali za maji. Kwa mfano, GIZ inachangia malengo ya kitaifa kupitia "Programu ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji" (2003–2013), inayojumuisha vipengele muhimu kama: a) kuisaidia wizara ya maji katika mageuzi ya kisekta; b) udhibiti wa sekta na ufadhili unaozingatia mahitaji ya jamii duni; c) uimarishaji wa uendeshaji wa kibiashara wa huduma za maji na usafi; d) kujenga uwezo wa Mamlaka ya Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji (WRA); na e) kuanzisha mifumo ya usafi wa mazingira inayozingatia urejeshaji wa rasilimali (Ecosan). === Uswidi na Denmark === [[Uswidi]], [[Udeni|Denmark]], na Kenya zina historia ndefu ya ushirikiano katika sekta ya maji. Tangu mwaka wa 2005, Serikali ya Uswidi, kupitia Shirika la Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Uswidi (SIDA), kwa ushirikiano na Denmark kupitia Shirika la Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Denmark (DANIDA), zimekuwa zikifadhili Programu ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KWSP). Programu hiyo ilitengewa bajeti ya ruzuku ya jumla ya dola za Marekani milioni 80 kwa kipindi cha kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2010. KWSP imechangia pakubwa katika utekelezaji wa mageuzi ya kisekta, ikielekeza nguvu zake hasa katika kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira vijijini, pamoja na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. === Benki ya Dunia === "Mradi wa Uboreshaji wa Huduma za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira" (WaSSIP) wa [[Benki ya Dunia]] kwa kipindi cha 2007–2012 nchini [[Kenya]], unajumuisha jumla ya mkopo wa takriban dola milioni 159. Mradi huu unazisaidia bodi za Huduma za Maji za [[Athi]] (AWSB), Pwani (CWSB), na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] Kaskazini (LVNWSB), huku ukitoa usaidizi wa kiufundi kwa Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Sekta ya Maji (WASREB) na Bodi ya Rufaa ya Maji. Pamoja na uwekezaji katika miundombinu, mradi huo unafadhili mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha uendeshaji wa kibiashara, usimamizi wa kifedha, na shughuli za kiufundi katika sekta husika. == Mifano katika ngazi ya kaunti == [[Kaunti ya Kitui]] inapatikana takriban kilomita 160 mashariki mwa Jiji la Nairobi ikiwa na idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kufikia 1,221,000. {{Rp|8}}Huduma za maji katika kaunti hiyo hutolewa na kampuni mbili kuu (WSPs): Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kitui (KITWASCO) na Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kiambere-Mwingi (KIMWASCO). <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Mnamo mwaka wa 2017, mashirika haya yalifanikiwa kuhudumia asilimia 32 tu ya wakazi, huku huduma hizo zikielekezwa zaidi katika maeneo ya mijini na kuacha maeneo mengi ya vijijini bila huduma ya kutosha. Ni takriban asilimia 42 ya wakazi wa Kaunti ya Kitui wanaoweza kupata huduma za msingi za maji. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Takwimu za mwaka 2017 zinaonyesha kuwepo kwa vyanzo vya maji 3,126 vilivyosambaa kote kauntini, vikijumuisha vyanzo vyenye miundombinu kama vile pampu za mkono na mifumo ya mabomba, pamoja na vyanzo visivyo na miundombinu rasmi kama mabwawa ya mchanga, mabwawa ya udongo, na visima vifupi. Hata hivyo, ukaguzi wa rasilimali za maji uliofanyika mwaka huo ulibainisha kuwa ni asilimia 60 tu ya vyanzo hivyo vilivyokuwa vinafanya kazi kikamilifu. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}} Takriban watu 400,000 katika Kaunti ya Kitui hutegemea maji ya juu (surface water) kama chanzo chao kikuu cha maji ya kunywa, huku idadi kubwa ya wakazi ikitekeleza uvunaji wa maji ya mvua kupitia mifumo ya paa, vyanzo vya miamba (rock catchments), na mabwawa ya mchanga. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Nyaga |first2=Cliff |last3=Hope |first3=Rob |last4=Kiamba |first4=Pauline |last5=Gladstone |first5=Nancy |last6=Thomas |first6=Mike |last7=Mumma |first7=Albert |last8=Trevett |first8=Andrew |date=2022 |title=Water policy, politics, and practice: The case of Kitui County, Kenya |journal=Frontiers in Water |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/frwa.2022.1022730 |hdl=1871.1/f4db2fcc-1c4e-4a11-bb5e-24f22433693c |issn=2624-9375 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Kwa jamii hizi, kipindi kirefu cha kiangazi kinachoanza Juni hadi Oktoba huleta changamoto kubwa za usambazaji wa maji. Rasilimali za maji ya chini ya ardhi—zinazovutwa kwa pampu za mkono au kusukumwa hadi kwenye mifumo ya mabomba na vibanda vya maji (water kiosks)—hutumika kama kinga dhidi ya makali ya ukame kwa wakazi wengi wa kaunti hiyo. Hata hivyo, miradi hii ya maji ya chini ya ardhi inakabiliwa na changamoto za ubora (hususan chumvi asilia), hitaji la matengenezo ya miundombinu, pamoja na utendaji duni wa baadhi ya mifumo hiyo. <ref name=":4" /> Mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji ya bomba hukabiliwa na uhaba au ukosefu wa wateja wakati wa msimu wa mvua, kwani watumiaji huelekea kutumia vyanzo mbadala vya maji ya juu na ya ardhini vinavyopatikana bila malipo. Wakati wa kipindi hiki, walaji wengi huhamia kwenye matumizi ya visima vifupi (shallow wells), hatua inayowaweka katika hatari kubwa ya kupata magonjwa kutokana na uchafuzi wa vyanzo hivyo. {{Rp|11}} Idadi kubwa ya shule katika Kaunti ya Kitui hazina miundombinu ya kunawia mikono (asilimia 53) {{Rp|42}}Uhaba huu wa vifaa huwaletea wanafunzi changamoto na vikwazo mbalimbali, ikiwemo ugumu kwa wasichana walio katika umri wa kubalehe kusimamia mahitaji ya usafi wa hedhi (Menstrual Hygiene Management) kutokana na kukosekana kwa maji na sabuni ya kunawia mikono. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|43}} == Jamii na utamaduni == === Madai ya ufisadi === Mnamo Septemba 2010, aliyekuwa Waziri wa Maji, [[Charity Ngilu]], alikiri mbele ya Bunge kuwa vitendo vya ufisadi vilikuwa vimekithiri ndani ya taasisi za maji za umma, zikiwemo bodi zote nane za huduma za maji pamoja na Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC). Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) uliitaja kauli hiyo kama "kilele cha unafiki na upendeleo," ukidai kuwa Waziri huyo alizungumzia kashfa hizo hadharani baada tu ya gazeti la ''Daily Nation'' kufichua ubadhirifu huo. Muda mfupi kabla ya hapo, Ofisa Mtendaji Mkuu wa Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Tanathi alikuwa amesimamishwa kazi kufuatia ukaguzi wa WASREB uliodai kuwepo kwa ufisadi. Ripoti hiyo ya ukaguzi ilikuwa imechapishwa tangu Machi 2010, lakini hakuna hatua zozote zilizochukuliwa kwa kipindi cha miezi sita. <ref name="Corruption" /> Kwa mujibu wa KEWASNET, mifumo ya utawala ndani ya sekta ya maji ilikuwa imeporomoka na kufikia kiwango cha chini kabisa. == Tazama pia == * Mgogoro wa maji nchini Kenya * Kioski cha maji * Ugavi wa maji na usafi wa mazingira jijini Nairobi * Ugavi wa maji na usafi wa mazingira katika Afrika Kusini mwa Jangwa la Sahara == Marejeleo ==   <references /> {{Water supply and sanitation by country}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.water.go.ke/ Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji, Kenya] Archived * [http://www.wasreb.go.ke/ Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB)] * [http://www.wstfkenya.org Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF)] * [http://www.kewasnet.org/ Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira wa Kenya (Kewasnet)] * [http://reliefweb.int/report/kenya/report-special-rapporteur-human-right-safe-drinking-water-and-sanitation-addendum Ripoti ya Mwandishi Maalum kuhusu haki ya binadamu ya maji salama ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira: Julai 2014 Misheni ya Kenya] 2qqqatmc13kx1qwvig2g7hwlg8hy65q 0 234516 1542078 2026-05-13T18:01:31Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Juan Manuel López Martínez''' (amezaliwa [[3 Septemba]], [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kati, ingawa mara kwa mara aliweza kucheza pembeni katika nafasi za pembeni. Alijulikana kwa mtindo wake wa uchezaji uliokuwa mkali na mara nyingi ulisababisha adhabu za kadi na kufungiwa kucheza, na wakati mwingine alionekana kuwa na tabia ya kutumia nguvu kupita kiasi uwanjani.<ref...' 1542078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Juan Manuel López Martínez''' (amezaliwa [[3 Septemba]], [[1969]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza zaidi kama beki wa kati, ingawa mara kwa mara aliweza kucheza pembeni katika nafasi za pembeni. Alijulikana kwa mtindo wake wa uchezaji uliokuwa mkali na mara nyingi ulisababisha adhabu za kadi na kufungiwa kucheza, na wakati mwingine alionekana kuwa na tabia ya kutumia nguvu kupita kiasi uwanjani.<ref>[http://blogs.20minutos.es/quefuede/post/2009/02/02/quao-fue-de-juanma-laipez Qué fue de... Juanma López (Whatever happened to... Juanma López)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206211927/http://blogs.20minutos.es/quefuede/post/2009/02/02/quao-fue-de-juanma-laipez|date=6 February 2009}}; [[20 minutos]], 2 February 2009 (in Spanish)</ref><ref name=SUPER>[http://larojaenelolimpo.weebly.com/juanma-loacutepez-el-suacuteper-defensa.html Juanma López, el Súper defensa (Juanma López, Super defender)]; at La Roja en el Olimpo (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 9en1ncjblg2jbeaopu38bq691cm6w7i 0 234517 1542079 2026-05-13T18:02:03Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babalola Jean-Michel Hervé Abimbola''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi mashuhuri kutoka nchini Benin, ambaye amekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika kuendeleza sekta ya utamaduni na utalii kama vyanzo vikuu vya uchumi wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] ndsmgmgvasbmldyu4mhh6g52g4bsp0f 1542170 1542079 2026-05-13T19:12:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542170 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babalola Jean-Michel Hervé Abimbola''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi mashuhuri kutoka nchini Benin, ambaye amekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika kuendeleza sekta ya utamaduni na utalii kama vyanzo vikuu vya uchumi wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] mb1gskebl0nwegj3ny2tukc5ovbstwh 0 234518 1542081 2026-05-13T18:06:21Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pau López Sabata''' (amezaliwa [[13 Desemba]], [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama golikipa wa klabu ya Real Betis katika [[La Liga]]. Ajumlisha mechi 101 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu mitano, akiwa na RCD Espanyol, Real Betis (akiwa na vipindi viwili tofauti) na Girona FC. Akiwa nje ya [[Hispania]], alichezea Tottenham Hotspur F.C. nchini [[Uingereza]] (bila kucheza mechi rasmi), Olympiqu...' 1542081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pau López Sabata''' (amezaliwa [[13 Desemba]], [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama golikipa wa klabu ya Real Betis katika [[La Liga]]. Ajumlisha mechi 101 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu mitano, akiwa na RCD Espanyol, Real Betis (akiwa na vipindi viwili tofauti) na Girona FC. Akiwa nje ya [[Hispania]], alichezea Tottenham Hotspur F.C. nchini [[Uingereza]] (bila kucheza mechi rasmi), Olympique de Marseille nchini [[Ufaransa]] na Deportivo Toluca F.C. nchini Mexico. Alifika fainali ya [[2017 UEFA European Under-21 Championship|Euro ya Vijana chini ya miaka 21 ya 2017]] akiwa na timu ya taifa ya vijana ya Hispania, na alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya timu ya taifa ya wakubwa mwaka uliofuata.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/betis/2019/07/08/5d2232e5e2704e88588b459c.html|title=Pau López, directo al top 10 de porteros más caros de la historia|trans-title=Pau López, straight to top 10 of most-expensive ever goalkeepers|newspaper=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]]|first=Miguel Ángel|last=Morán|language=es|date=8 July 2019|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/article/672687-laventura-comenca-be.html|title=L'aventura comença bé|trans-title=Adventure off to a good start|newspaper=[[L'Esportiu]]|first=Joel|last=Sebastian|language=ca|date=26 August 2013|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://sevilla.abc.es/alfinaldelapalmera/noticias-betis/sevi-el-pasado-en-el-espanyol-de-bartra-tello-feddal-y-pau-lopez-166188-1544815652-201812150409_noticia.html|title=El pasado en el Espanyol de Bartra, Tello, Feddal, Sidnei y Pau López|trans-title=Espanyol past of Bartra, Tello, Feddal, Sidnei and Pau López|newspaper=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]|first=Mateo|last=González|language=es|date=15 December 2018|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 82uo6530pi7rz9138jpha7lz4kxtm3z 1542084 1542081 2026-05-13T18:07:34Z Christina Charles 71406 1542084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pau López Sabata''' (amezaliwa [[13 Desemba]], [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama golikipa wa klabu ya Real Betis katika [[La Liga]]. Ajumlisha mechi 101 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu mitano, akiwa na RCD Espanyol, Real Betis (akiwa na vipindi viwili tofauti) na Girona FC. Akiwa nje ya [[Hispania]], alichezea Tottenham Hotspur F.C. nchini [[Uingereza]] (bila kucheza mechi rasmi), Olympique de Marseille nchini [[Ufaransa]] na Deportivo Toluca F.C. nchini Mexico. Alifika fainali ya Euro ya Vijana chini ya miaka 21 ya 2017 akiwa na timu ya taifa ya [[vijana]] ya Hispania, na alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya timu ya taifa ya wakubwa mwaka uliofuata.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marca.com/futbol/betis/2019/07/08/5d2232e5e2704e88588b459c.html|title=Pau López, directo al top 10 de porteros más caros de la historia|trans-title=Pau López, straight to top 10 of most-expensive ever goalkeepers|newspaper=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]]|first=Miguel Ángel|last=Morán|language=es|date=8 July 2019|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lesportiudecatalunya.cat/article/672687-laventura-comenca-be.html|title=L'aventura comença bé|trans-title=Adventure off to a good start|newspaper=[[L'Esportiu]]|first=Joel|last=Sebastian|language=ca|date=26 August 2013|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://sevilla.abc.es/alfinaldelapalmera/noticias-betis/sevi-el-pasado-en-el-espanyol-de-bartra-tello-feddal-y-pau-lopez-166188-1544815652-201812150409_noticia.html|title=El pasado en el Espanyol de Bartra, Tello, Feddal, Sidnei y Pau López|trans-title=Espanyol past of Bartra, Tello, Feddal, Sidnei and Pau López|newspaper=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]|first=Mateo|last=González|language=es|date=15 December 2018|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 2kary3lc0x4xwo07hf5j8osv2pqfi2a 0 234519 1542082 2026-05-13T18:07:18Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babalola Jean-Michel Hervé''' '''Abimbola''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi mashuhuri kutoka nchini Benin, ambaye amekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika kuendeleza sekta ya utamaduni na utalii kama vyanzo vikuu vya uchumi wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=[PDF] INSTITUT MULTILATERAL D AFRIQUE (IMA) JOINT AFRICA INSTITUTE (JAI) - Free Download PDF|url=https://silo.tips/download/institut-multilateral-d-afrique-ima-joint-africa-institute-jai|work=silo.tips|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sp5kw6i6t62n3al5ozy84d29g5ovr8j 1542109 1542082 2026-05-13T18:31:27Z Don Malya 61486 kua 1542109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madeleine Achade''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa kike kutoka Benin ambaye ametoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya bunge, hasa katika masuala yanayohusu afya na haki za wafanyakazi barani Afrika.[https://silo.tips/download/institut-multilateral-d-afrique-ima-joint-africa-institute-jai]<ref>{{Cite web|title=PAP Member Countries|url=http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx|work=www.pan-africanparliament.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 541djdyuox48hp0i3o2hg1hvjlokjj0 1542216 1542109 2026-05-13T19:59:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542216 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madeleine Achade''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa kike kutoka Benin ambaye ametoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya bunge, hasa katika masuala yanayohusu afya na haki za wafanyakazi barani Afrika.[https://silo.tips/download/institut-multilateral-d-afrique-ima-joint-africa-institute-jai]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PAP Member Countries|url=http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx|work=www.pan-africanparliament.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j99je1q13ginfkqy0rufcz3rrstp2hb 1542669 1542216 2026-05-14T11:39:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madeleine Achade''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa kike kutoka Benin ambaye ametoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya bunge, hasa katika masuala yanayohusu afya na haki za wafanyakazi barani Afrika.[https://silo.tips/download/institut-multilateral-d-afrique-ima-joint-africa-institute-jai]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PAP Member Countries|url=http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx|work=www.pan-africanparliament.org|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2008-03-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080312084541/http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f2f6vilqaccaiczisin24gwx5rnlr2y 0 234520 1542083 2026-05-13T18:07:28Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edward W. Stack''' (alizaliwa [[1954]] au [[1955]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1984]], Stack alichukua nafasi kama mwenyekiti na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa Dick's Sporting Goods, kampuni ya kuuza vifaa vya michezo iliyoanzishwa mwaka [[1948]] na baba yake, Richard "Dick" Stack. Mnamo Februari [[2021]], alifuatwa kama CEO na [[Lauren Hobart]]. Kufikia Januari [[2026]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 2.19. <...' 1542083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edward W. Stack''' (alizaliwa [[1954]] au [[1955]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1984]], Stack alichukua nafasi kama mwenyekiti na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa Dick's Sporting Goods, kampuni ya kuuza vifaa vya michezo iliyoanzishwa mwaka [[1948]] na baba yake, Richard "Dick" Stack. Mnamo Februari [[2021]], alifuatwa kama CEO na [[Lauren Hobart]]. Kufikia Januari [[2026]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 2.19. <ref name="Gunther">{{cite journal |last1=Gunther |first1=Marc |title=Retail's rising star |journal=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |date=April 27, 2010 |url=https://money.cnn.com/2010/04/20/news/companies/dicks_sporting_goods.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2010042709 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |issn=0015-8259}}</ref><ref name="Forbes">{{cite web |title=Forbes profile: Edward Stack |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/edward-stack/ |website=Forbes |access-date=9 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="Begley">{{cite magazine |last1=Begley |first1=Sarah |title=What to Know about Edward Stack, the CEO of Dick's Sporting Goods |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=February 28, 2018 |url=https://time.com/5179229/edward-stack-ceo-dicks-sporting-goods/ |access-date=June 7, 2018 |issn=0040-781X |oclc=1311479}}</ref><ref name="Lindeman">{{cite news |last1=Lindeman |first1=Teresa F. |title=Ed's way stacks up well for Dick's Sporting Goods |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/business/businessnews/2004/11/21/Ed-s-way-stacks-up-well-for-Dick-s-Sporting-Goods/stories/200411210231 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |publisher=[[Block Communications]] |date=November 20, 2004 |issn=1068-624X}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 49vkpx123hc3m0uv1w3n60ckiuysbws 0 234521 1542085 2026-05-13T18:11:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elisabetta Christiana Lancellotta''' (alizaliwa 2 Machi 1979) ni mwanasiasa na kiongozi wa michezo wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?tipoAttivita=&tipoVisAtt=&shadow_deputato=308920&lettera=&idLegislatura=19|title=Lancellotta Elisabetta Christiana – FdI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date...' 1542085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elisabetta Christiana Lancellotta''' (alizaliwa 2 Machi 1979) ni mwanasiasa na kiongozi wa michezo wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?tipoAttivita=&tipoVisAtt=&shadow_deputato=308920&lettera=&idLegislatura=19|title=Lancellotta Elisabetta Christiana – FdI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Lancellotta alizaliwa mjini [[Isernia]], katika mkoa wa [[Molise]]. Ni binti wa Mario Lancellotta, ambaye alikuwa mwanasiasa mashuhuri na Rais wa Kamati ya Olimpiki ya Italia (CONI) katika mkoa wa Molise. Elisabetta alifuata nyayo za baba yake katika ulimwengu wa michezo na utumishi wa umma. == Kazi ya michezo na kisiasa == Lancellotta amekuwa na wasifu mchanganyiko katika uongozi wa michezo na serikali: * **Uongozi wa Michezo:** Amehudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Kitaifa la Kamati ya Olimpiki ya Italia (CONI) na amekuwa mratibu wa shughuli mbalimbali za michezo mkoani Molise, akihamasisha umuhimu wa michezo kwa vijana. * **Serikali ya Mitaa:** Kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2023, alifanya kazi kama diwani wa manispaa ya [[Isernia]]. Alijiuzulu nafasi hiyo mnamo Julai 2023 ili kujikita zaidi katika majukumu yake ya kibunge kitaifa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.primonumero.it/2023/07/lonorevole-lancellotta-si-dimette-da-consigliera-comunale-di-isernia/1530785091/|title=L'onorevole Lancellotta si dimette da Consigliera comunale di Isernia|work=Primonumero|date=8 July 2023|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022 kupitia chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy). Bungeni, ni mjumbe wa Kamati ya XII (Masuala ya Kijamii) na Kamati ya Mafunzo ya Bunge. Anajulikana kwa kutetea uwekezaji katika miundombinu ya michezo na kukuza maslahi ya mkoa wa Molise katika ngazi ya kitaifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979||Lancellotta, Elisabetta Christiana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9ih6hx5xbvo8yb19noqfe8l92wf9dt0 0 234522 1542086 2026-05-13T18:14:01Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Enrique Lora Millán''' (amezaliwa [[7 Mei]], [[1945]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Sevilla FC, ambapo alicheza mechi 334 na kufunga mabao 30 katika misimu 11. Kwa jumla alicheza mechi 205 katika [[La Liga]] na 149 katika Segunda División, ikiwa ni pamoja na msimu mmoja akiwa na Recreativo de Huelva katika kila daraja kuelekea mwisho...' 1542086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Enrique Lora Millán''' (amezaliwa [[7 Mei]], [[1945]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[kiungo]]. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na Sevilla FC, ambapo alicheza mechi 334 na kufunga mabao 30 katika misimu 11. Kwa jumla alicheza mechi 205 katika [[La Liga]] na 149 katika Segunda División, ikiwa ni pamoja na msimu mmoja akiwa na Recreativo de Huelva katika kila daraja kuelekea mwisho wa kariya yake. Lora aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Hispania mara 14 kati ya 1970 na 1972, akifunga goli moja. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa La Puebla del Río katika [[Mkoa]] wa [[Seville]], Lora alikulia katika familia iliyokuwa na hamu zaidi ya bullfighting kuliko mpira wa miguu.<ref name=marca>{{cite news |last1=Ramos |first1=Jesús |title=Enrique Lora el "siete pulmones" del Sevilla|trans-title=Enrique Lora, Sevilla's "Seven Lungs"|url=https://www.marca.com/blogs/ni-mas-ni-menos/2016/04/15/enrique-lora-el-siete-pulmones-del.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]] |date=15 April 2016 |language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=de la Hera |first1=Juan Manuel |title=Sevilla, 4 - Córdoba, 0 |url=https://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1966/12/05/pagina-4/932697/pdf.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=[[Mundo Deportivo]] |date=5 December 1966 |language=Spanish}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1945|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] aujdln2mrjt447y50trivu98fsl31rr 0 234523 1542087 2026-05-13T18:15:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Andreas Leo Ateng Suripto''' (8 Agosti 1942 – 6 Mei 2003), aliyefahamika zaidi kama '''Ateng''' na pia kwa jina la Kichina '''Kho Tjeng Lie''' (邱诚烈), alikuwa mwigizaji na mchekeshaji maarufu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == Ateng alizaliwa tarehe 8 Agosti 1942 katika eneo la Semplak, Bogor, wakati wa Uvamizi wa Japani katika Indies ya Mashariki ya Kiholanzi (sasa Indonesia). Baba yake alikuwa mfanyabiashara.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jaka...' 1542087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andreas Leo Ateng Suripto''' (8 Agosti 1942 – 6 Mei 2003), aliyefahamika zaidi kama '''Ateng''' na pia kwa jina la Kichina '''Kho Tjeng Lie''' (邱诚烈), alikuwa mwigizaji na mchekeshaji maarufu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == Ateng alizaliwa tarehe 8 Agosti 1942 katika eneo la Semplak, Bogor, wakati wa Uvamizi wa Japani katika Indies ya Mashariki ya Kiholanzi (sasa Indonesia). Baba yake alikuwa mfanyabiashara.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/825 |title=Ateng Suripto |work=Ensiklopedi Jakarta |access-date=11 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623150413/http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/825 |archive-date=23 June 2012 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suripto, Andreas Leo Ateng}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] evwv0xsl7yrtdh2rpzy46i490b7pems 0 234524 1542088 2026-05-13T18:17:43Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sebastián Losada Bestard''' (amezaliwa [[3 Septemba]], [[1967]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 131 za [[La Liga]] na mabao 34 katika misimu tisa akiwa na klabu tano tofauti, akianza kariya yake na Real Madrid CF. ==Kazi ya klabu== Akiwa amehitimu kutoka akademi ya vijana ya Real Madrid CF, Losada alizaliwa Madrid na alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya...' 1542088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sebastián Losada Bestard''' (amezaliwa [[3 Septemba]], [[1967]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama [[mshambuliaji]]. Alikusanya jumla ya mechi 131 za [[La Liga]] na mabao 34 katika misimu tisa akiwa na klabu tano tofauti, akianza kariya yake na Real Madrid CF. ==Kazi ya klabu== Akiwa amehitimu kutoka akademi ya vijana ya Real Madrid CF, Losada alizaliwa Madrid na alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya timu ya wakubwa tarehe 9 Septemba 1984 katika sare ya 1–1 ugenini dhidi ya [[Sporting de Gijón]]. Hata hivyo, hakuwa na kipindi cha mafanikio makubwa katika klabu hiyo. Hata hivyo, alifunga mabao 8 katika mechi 16 za [[La Liga]] katika msimu wa 1989–90 La Liga wakati Real Madrid waliposhinda ubingwa wa ligi.<ref>[http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1984/09/10/pagina-13/1126167/pdf.html 1–1: Y todos contentos (1–1: Everybody happy)]; [[Mundo Deportivo]], 10 September 1984 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1989/10/15/pagina-14/1202938/pdf.html 4–0: Para el Madrid, todo fue cómodo (4–0: All easy for Madrid)]; Mundo Deportivo, 15 October 1989 (in Spanish)</ref><ref>[http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1990/02/26/pagina-7/1207941/pdf.html 5–2: El Real hizo bueno el pronóstico (5–2: Real delivered as promised)]; Mundo Deportivo, 26 February 1990 (in Spanish)</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] lwvk2a6x2gqo3uo6pfay1xe31u41mqf 0 234525 1542089 2026-05-13T18:18:03Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nowela Elizabeth Mikhelia Auparay''' (alizaliwa 19 Desemba 1987) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]] na mshindi wa msimu wa nane wa kipindi cha ''Indonesian Idol''. == Kazi == Nowela alizaliwa mjini Wamena, Papua. Baba yake ana asili ya Papua New Guinea, huku mama yake akiwa wa kabila la Batak. Baada ya kuhitimu shule ya sekondari, alifanya kazi kama mwimbaji katika migahawa na kumbi za kahawa kwa muda wa miaka sita kabla ya kushiriki katika msimu wa nane...' 1542089 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nowela Elizabeth Mikhelia Auparay''' (alizaliwa 19 Desemba 1987) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]] na mshindi wa msimu wa nane wa kipindi cha ''Indonesian Idol''. == Kazi == Nowela alizaliwa mjini Wamena, Papua. Baba yake ana asili ya Papua New Guinea, huku mama yake akiwa wa kabila la Batak. Baada ya kuhitimu shule ya sekondari, alifanya kazi kama mwimbaji katika migahawa na kumbi za kahawa kwa muda wa miaka sita kabla ya kushiriki katika msimu wa nane wa ''Indonesian Idol''.<ref>[[http://music.okezone.com/read/2014/03/11/386/953518/nowela-optimis-indonesian-idol-bisa-meraih-mimpinya](http://music.okezone.com/read/2014/03/11/386/953518/nowela-optimis-indonesian-idol-bisa-meraih-mimpinya) Nowela Optimis Indonesian Idol Bisa Meraih Mimpinya]. Okezone.com {{in lang|id}}. Iliwekwa tarehe 13 Mei 2014</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qysuomzv014q4i9icjmm68yq25vgtti 0 234526 1542090 2026-05-13T18:20:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manuela Lanzarin''' (alizaliwa 3 Juni 1971 mjini [[Bassano del Grappa]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] kutoka mkoa wa [[Veneto]], anayewakilisha mrengo wa [[Venetian nationalism|utaifa wa Veneto]]. == Wasifu na Kazi ya Kisiasa == Lanzarin ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa chama cha [[Lega Nord]] (sasa ''Lega per Salvini Premier''). Amekuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika siasa za mkoa wa [[Veneto]] na kitaifa: * **Meya wa Rosà:** Alifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji...' 1542090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manuela Lanzarin''' (alizaliwa 3 Juni 1971 mjini [[Bassano del Grappa]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] kutoka mkoa wa [[Veneto]], anayewakilisha mrengo wa [[Venetian nationalism|utaifa wa Veneto]]. == Wasifu na Kazi ya Kisiasa == Lanzarin ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa chama cha [[Lega Nord]] (sasa ''Lega per Salvini Premier''). Amekuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika siasa za mkoa wa [[Veneto]] na kitaifa: * **Meya wa Rosà:** Alifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Rosà]] kwa vipindi viwili mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2012. Uongozi wake ulijikita katika uimarishaji wa huduma za kijamii katika ngazi ya manispaa. * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2008, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia (Camera dei Deputati), ambapo alihudumu hadi mwaka 2013. Bungeni, alishiriki katika kamati zinazoshughulikia masuala ya kijamii na afya. * **Serikali ya Mkoa wa Veneto:** Tangu mwaka 2015, amekuwa sehemu ya serikali ya mkoa wa Veneto chini ya Rais [[Luca Zaia]]. Kwa sasa, alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Mkoa (Assessor) anayehusika na Afya, Huduma za Kijamii, na Mipango ya Kitendaji**. == Mchango wake wakati wa Janga la COVID-19 == Akiwa mkuu wa idara ya afya katika mkoa wa Veneto, Lanzarin alipata umaarufu wa kitaifa na kimataifa kwa usimamizi wake wakati wa janga la [[COVID-19]]. Alishirikiana kwa karibu na Rais Luca Zaia katika kuratibu upimaji wa wingi (mass testing) na mikakati ya kuzuia maambukizi, jambo ambalo liliufanya mkoa wa Veneto kuonekana kama mfano bora wa usimamizi wa afya nchini Italia. Anajulikana kwa msimamo wake wa kutetea mfumo wa afya uliogatuliwa na kuupa mkoa wa Veneto mamlaka makubwa zaidi ya kujiamulia (autonomy). == Marejeo == * {{cite web |url=https://storia.camera.it/deputato/manuela-lanzarin-19710603 |title=Manuela Lanzarin - Portale Storico |publisher=Camera dei Deputati |language=it}} (Hii inathibitisha kipindi chake bungeni tangu 2008). * {{cite web |url=https://www.regione.veneto.it/web/guest/giunta/lanzarin |title=Giunta Regionale: Manuela Lanzarin |publisher=Regione del Veneto |language=it}} {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Lanzarin, Manuela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jlhkadsxvos2zu9cirez2vcuiorau2f 0 234527 1542092 2026-05-13T18:21:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sianne Avantie''' (alizaliwa 20 Mei 1955), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Anne Avantie''', ni mbunifu wa mavazi kutoka [[Indonesia]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa mtindo wa kisasa wa kebaya.<ref>{{cite news|date=8 Juni 2011|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/08/anne-avantie-contemporary-kebaya-pioneer.html|title=Anne](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/08/anne-avantie-contemporary-kebaya-pioneer.html|title=Anne) Avantie, Contemporary Keba...' 1542092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sianne Avantie''' (alizaliwa 20 Mei 1955), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Anne Avantie''', ni mbunifu wa mavazi kutoka [[Indonesia]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa mtindo wa kisasa wa kebaya.<ref>{{cite news|date=8 Juni 2011|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/08/anne-avantie-contemporary-kebaya-pioneer.html|title=Anne](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/08/anne-avantie-contemporary-kebaya-pioneer.html|title=Anne) Avantie, Contemporary Kebaya Pioneer|website=[[The Jakarta Post]]|access-date=22 Mei 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ev6c574ecszbnwr1qiz79w5b3vn5yqb 0 234528 1542093 2026-05-13T18:21:38Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luis Alberto Romero Alconchel''' (amezaliwa [[28 Septemba]], [[1992]]), anayejulikana kama '''Luis Alberto''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye anacheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji wa klabu ya Al-Wakrah SC inayoshiriki Qatar Stars League.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiosei.it/approfondimenti/la-pelota-siempre-al-diez-luis-alberto-e-la-sua-avventura-a-roma-sulle-montagne-russe|title="La pelota siempre al diez": Lu...' 1542093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luis Alberto Romero Alconchel''' (amezaliwa [[28 Septemba]], [[1992]]), anayejulikana kama '''Luis Alberto''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Hispania ambaye anacheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji wa klabu ya Al-Wakrah SC inayoshiriki Qatar Stars League.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiosei.it/approfondimenti/la-pelota-siempre-al-diez-luis-alberto-e-la-sua-avventura-a-roma-sulle-montagne-russe|title="La pelota siempre al diez": Luis Alberto e la sua avventura a Roma sulle montagne russe|trans-title="La pelota siempre al diez": Luis Alberto and his adventure in Rome on a rollercoaster|publisher=Radio Sei|language=it|date=June 2024|access-date=14 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://espanol.eurosport.com/futbol/eurocopa-2016/2016/luis-alberto-el-sevilla-es-de-los-mejores-pero-nosotros-tenemos-hambre_sto7141214/story.shtml|title=Luis Alberto: "El Sevilla es de los mejores, pero nosotros tenemos hambre"|trans-title=Luis Alberto: "Sevilla are one of the best, but we are hungry"|publisher=[[Eurosport]]|language=es|date=12 February 2019|access-date=24 March 2020}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] 2cbtscxod5t4eflhk3m2znsrgro4ptk 0 234529 1542094 2026-05-13T18:23:03Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nasrin Pillane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi aliyezaliwa katika Balaka. Aliwahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Balaka West nchini Malawi kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Mwaka 2013 alitangaza kuondoka DPP na kujiunga na chama cha United Democratic Front (UDF).<ref>{{Cite web|title=MP Pillane dumps DPP for UDF - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-pillane-dumps-dpp-for-udf/|work=www.nya...' 1542094 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nasrin Pillane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi aliyezaliwa katika Balaka. Aliwahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Balaka West nchini Malawi kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Mwaka 2013 alitangaza kuondoka DPP na kujiunga na chama cha United Democratic Front (UDF).<ref>{{Cite web|title=MP Pillane dumps DPP for UDF - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-pillane-dumps-dpp-for-udf/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2013-09-22|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Baadaye, aliyekuwa Mama wa Taifa wa [[Malawi]], Patricia Shanil Muluzi, alitangaza kuwa angegombea ubunge katika jimbo la Pillane kama mgombea huru. Patricia Shanil Muluzi aliamua kutumia jina lake la kuzaliwa. Mwaka 2014, Dzimbiri alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika National Assembly of Malawi akiuwakilisha jimbo la Balaka West kama mgombea huru, akiwashinda wagombea wengine watano. Aliapishwa rasmi tarehe 9 Juni 2014 katika Jengo Jipya la [[Bunge]] mjini Lilongwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MULUZI’S EX TAKES OATH OF OFFICE|url=https://www.faceofmalawi.com/2014/06/09/muluzis-ex-takes-oath-of-office/|date=2014-06-09|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Face of Malawi}}</ref> <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ri1ufzwtjoyu5ob3ou024sqrflv96k3 1542095 1542094 2026-05-13T18:23:33Z Don Malya 61486 1542095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nasrin Pillane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi aliyezaliwa katika Balaka. Aliwahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Balaka West nchini Malawi kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Mwaka 2013 alitangaza kuondoka DPP na kujiunga na chama cha United Democratic Front (UDF).<ref>{{Cite web|title=MP Pillane dumps DPP for UDF - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-pillane-dumps-dpp-for-udf/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2013-09-22|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Baadaye, aliyekuwa Mama wa Taifa wa [[Malawi]], Patricia Shanil Muluzi, alitangaza kuwa angegombea ubunge katika jimbo la Pillane kama mgombea huru. Patricia Shanil Muluzi aliamua kutumia jina lake la kuzaliwa. Mwaka 2014, Dzimbiri alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika National Assembly of Malawi akiuwakilisha jimbo la Balaka West kama mgombea huru, akiwashinda wagombea wengine watano. Aliapishwa rasmi tarehe 9 Juni 2014 katika Jengo Jipya la [[Bunge]] mjini Lilongwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MULUZI’S EX TAKES OATH OF OFFICE|url=https://www.faceofmalawi.com/2014/06/09/muluzis-ex-takes-oath-of-office/|date=2014-06-09|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Face of Malawi}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] doiknizdk21smo8iapkekvqqj9cj9b6 1542277 1542095 2026-05-13T20:55:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542277 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nasrin Pillane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi aliyezaliwa katika Balaka. Aliwahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Balaka West nchini Malawi kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Mwaka 2013 alitangaza kuondoka DPP na kujiunga na chama cha United Democratic Front (UDF).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MP Pillane dumps DPP for UDF - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-pillane-dumps-dpp-for-udf/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2013-09-22|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Baadaye, aliyekuwa Mama wa Taifa wa [[Malawi]], Patricia Shanil Muluzi, alitangaza kuwa angegombea ubunge katika jimbo la Pillane kama mgombea huru. Patricia Shanil Muluzi aliamua kutumia jina lake la kuzaliwa. Mwaka 2014, Dzimbiri alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika National Assembly of Malawi akiuwakilisha jimbo la Balaka West kama mgombea huru, akiwashinda wagombea wengine watano. Aliapishwa rasmi tarehe 9 Juni 2014 katika Jengo Jipya la [[Bunge]] mjini Lilongwe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MULUZI’S EX TAKES OATH OF OFFICE|url=https://www.faceofmalawi.com/2014/06/09/muluzis-ex-takes-oath-of-office/|date=2014-06-09|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Face of Malawi}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qwtkq7gy3cve5nigpc1pzjhcfxggwwf 0 234530 1542097 2026-05-13T18:23:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ' '''Rudy David Badil''' alikuwa mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hidayat|first=Andy Riza|date=11 July 2019|title=Wartawan Senior Rudy Badil Meninggal|url=https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-rudy-badil-meninggal-dunia|work=[[Kompas]]|access-date=18 October 2022|archive-date=8 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208021349/https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-r...' 1542097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rudy David Badil''' alikuwa mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hidayat|first=Andy Riza|date=11 July 2019|title=Wartawan Senior Rudy Badil Meninggal|url=https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-rudy-badil-meninggal-dunia|work=[[Kompas]]|access-date=18 October 2022|archive-date=8 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208021349/https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-rudy-badil-meninggal-dunia|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] jvsbzqlzetsnbn4ln6xvboi8hiq6iut 1542297 1542097 2026-05-13T21:22:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542297 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rudy David Badil''' alikuwa mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Hidayat|first=Andy Riza|date=11 July 2019|title=Wartawan Senior Rudy Badil Meninggal|url=https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-rudy-badil-meninggal-dunia|work=[[Kompas]]|access-date=18 October 2022|archive-date=8 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208021349/https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/07/11/wartawan-senior-rudy-badil-meninggal-dunia|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] gfppt166keneb9m1xenn5orhy9qv64m 0 234531 1542098 2026-05-13T18:23:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Carmela Lanzetta''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1955) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia |Italia wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD), ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa na Madaraka kuanzia tarehe 22 Februari 2014 hadi 30 Januari 2015 chini ya serikali ya [[Matteo Renzi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Italy's PM-designate Matteo Renzi names new cabinet|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26298038|accessdate=2026-05-13|work...' 1542098 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Carmela Lanzetta''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1955) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia |Italia wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD), ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa na Madaraka kuanzia tarehe 22 Februari 2014 hadi 30 Januari 2015 chini ya serikali ya [[Matteo Renzi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Italy's PM-designate Matteo Renzi names new cabinet|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26298038|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=BBC News Europe|date=21 February 2014}}</ref> == Wasifu na Harakati == Lanzetta alizaliwa mjini [[Monasterace]], katika mkoa wa [[Calabria]]. Kitaaluma ni mfamasia. Alipata umaarufu wa kitaifa kutokana na ujasiri wake kama Meya wa Monasterace (2006–2013), ambapo alisimama imara dhidi ya vitisho vya kikundi cha kihalifu cha [['Ndrangheta]]. Mnamo mwaka 2011, gari lake lilichomwa moto na baadaye duka lake la dawa lilipigwa risasi, matukio yaliyopelekea kuungwa mkono na maelfu ya watu nchini Italia kama alama ya upinzani dhidi ya mafioso. == Kazi ya kisiasa == * **Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa:** Mnamo mwaka 2014, Matteo Renzi alimteua kuwa waziri katika baraza lake la mawaziri. Alichaguliwa kama mwakilishi wa serikali za mitaa na alama ya uadilifu. * **Kujiuzulu:** Alijiuzulu nafasi yake ya uwaziri mnamo Januari 2015 kufuatia mzozo wa kisiasa mkoani kwake Calabria, ambapo alikataa kushirikiana na viongozi wa mkoa ambao aliamini walikuwa na mienendo isiyoendana na misingi yake ya kupambana na ufisadi. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||Lanzetta, Maria Carmela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] h8fzsd0r20kdafgmnijriclp8teag6c 0 234532 1542099 2026-05-13T18:25:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542099 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madeleine Achade''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa kike kutoka Benin ambaye ametoa mchango mkubwa katika diplomasia ya bunge, hasa katika masuala yanayohusu afya na haki za wafanyakazi barani Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Business|url=https://african.business//2023/06/apo-newsfeed/showcasing-a-frontier-market-hon-samou-seidou-adambi-to-promote-benin-energy-at-african-energy-week-aew-2023|work=African Business|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b4ppf4xqtrnqb6cu2jb1xti5w0of4tj 1542114 1542099 2026-05-13T18:33:52Z Don Malya 61486 1542114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samou Seidou Adambi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini Benin ambaye kwa sasa anashikilia dhamana kubwa katika kuelekea mapinduzi ya kiviwanda na nishati nchini humo chini ya utawala wa Rais Patrice Talon.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Business|url=https://african.business//2023/06/apo-newsfeed/showcasing-a-frontier-market-hon-samou-seidou-adambi-to-promote-benin-energy-at-african-energy-week-aew-2023|work=African Business|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hq9fz7hlrlhaoeoyu1m2vlhq93obkkg 1542302 1542114 2026-05-13T21:25:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542302 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samou Seidou Adambi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini Benin ambaye kwa sasa anashikilia dhamana kubwa katika kuelekea mapinduzi ya kiviwanda na nishati nchini humo chini ya utawala wa Rais Patrice Talon.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Business|url=https://african.business//2023/06/apo-newsfeed/showcasing-a-frontier-market-hon-samou-seidou-adambi-to-promote-benin-energy-at-african-energy-week-aew-2023|work=African Business|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9oau377h7to9tpzlml26bubbfr0wwld 0 234533 1542100 2026-05-13T18:25:49Z Christina Charles 71406 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luis Manuel Arias Vega''' (amezaliwa [[29 Machi]], [[1967]]), anayejulikana kama '''Luis Manuel''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati. Alicheza mechi 195 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu tisa akiwa na Real Oviedo na UD Salamanca. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Oviedo]], [[Asturias]], na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani Real Oviedo, ambako alicheza misimu tisa...' 1542100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luis Manuel Arias Vega''' (amezaliwa [[29 Machi]], [[1967]]), anayejulikana kama '''Luis Manuel''', ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati. Alicheza mechi 195 za [[La Liga]] katika misimu tisa akiwa na Real Oviedo na UD Salamanca. ==Kazi ya klabu== Alizaliwa [[Oviedo]], [[Asturias]], na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya kariya yake akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani Real Oviedo, ambako alicheza misimu tisa na timu ya wakubwa, ikiwemo misimu saba katika [[La Liga]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.realoviedo.es/noticias/los-exjugadores-armando-jerkan-y-luis-manuel-regresan-al-requexn|title=Los exjugadores Armando, Jerkan y Luis Manuel regresan al Requexón|trans-title=Former players Armando, Jerkan and Luis Manuel return to Requexón|publisher=Real Oviedo|language=Spanish|date=2 May 2009|accessdate=26 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.mundodeportivo.com/preview/1988/09/04/pagina-19/1183990/pdf.html|title=1–0: El Oviedo volvió con victoria|trans-title=1–0: Oviedo returned with a win|newspaper=[[Mundo Deportivo]]|last=García|first=Víctor|language=Spanish|date=4 September 1988|accessdate=23 January 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1967|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] k02ds00cn32iinn1r3m2ne8hj67om9o 0 234534 1542102 2026-05-13T18:26:29Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Henry Dama Phoya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa zamani wa [[Malawi]] aliyewahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Blantyre Rural East. Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ardhi na Nyumba pamoja na Waziri wa Sheria na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Malawi. Alifukuzwa kutoka chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) baada ya kupinga “Injunctions Bill”, akisema kuwa sheria hiyo ilikuwa mbaya kwa sababu ingeondoa haki za binadamu badala ya kuwalinda wananchi. Phoya pia alikuwa mwen...' 1542102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Dama Phoya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa zamani wa [[Malawi]] aliyewahi kuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Blantyre Rural East. Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ardhi na Nyumba pamoja na Waziri wa Sheria na Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Malawi. Alifukuzwa kutoka chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) baada ya kupinga “Injunctions Bill”, akisema kuwa sheria hiyo ilikuwa mbaya kwa sababu ingeondoa haki za binadamu badala ya kuwalinda wananchi. Phoya pia alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Masuala ya [[Sheria]] ya National Assembly of Malawi, nafasi ambayo ilichukuliwa na Goodall Gondwe mwezi Agosti 2011. Alipoteza kiti chake cha ubunge mwezi Januari 2014.<ref>{{Citation|title=Malawi prolific cabinet minister Henry Phoya pulls out of ruling party primaries - BNL Times|date=2014-01-20|url=http://timesmediamw.com/malawi-minister-henry-phoya-pulls-out-ruling-party-primaries/|work=BNL Times|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] huh3diz3aog1naouz8kwbagyr0kl4p5 0 234535 1542103 2026-05-13T18:26:33Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elkan William Tio Baggott''' (alizaliwa 23 Oktoba 2002) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika klabu ya EFL Championship ya Ipswich Town. Alizaliwa nchini Thailand, lakini anachezea timu ya taifa ya [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=[https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesian-wonderkid-youve-probably-never-heard-of/](https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesia...' 1542103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elkan William Tio Baggott''' (alizaliwa 23 Oktoba 2002) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika klabu ya EFL Championship ya Ipswich Town. Alizaliwa nchini Thailand, lakini anachezea timu ya taifa ya [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=[https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesian-wonderkid-youve-probably-never-heard-of/](https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesian-wonderkid-youve-probably-never-heard-of/) |title=Elkan Baggott – the Indonesian Wonderkid You've Probably Never Heard of |date=8 Oktoba 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qr6pirq28akh1k35ze5werx2lj6zxoy 1542123 1542103 2026-05-13T18:40:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elkan William Tio Baggott''' (alizaliwa 23 Oktoba 2002) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika klabu ya EFL Championship ya Ipswich Town. Alizaliwa nchini Thailand, lakini anachezea timu ya taifa ya [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=[https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesian-wonderkid-youve-probably-never-heard-of/](https://football-tribe.com/asia/2019/10/08/elkan-baggott-the-indonesian-wonderkid-youve-probably-never-heard-of/) |title=Elkan Baggott – the Indonesian Wonderkid You've Probably Never Heard of |date=8 Oktoba 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] osziejbd5l78tmpoc3btw48vsb9jtsa 0 234536 1542104 2026-05-13T18:27:48Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Carmela Lanzetta''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1955) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD), ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa na Madaraka kuanzia tarehe 22 Februari 2014 hadi 30 Januari 2015 chini ya serikali ya [[Matteo Renzi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Italy's PM-designate Matteo Renzi names new cabinet|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26298038|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=BBC...' 1542104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Carmela Lanzetta''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1955) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD), ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa na Madaraka kuanzia tarehe 22 Februari 2014 hadi 30 Januari 2015 chini ya serikali ya [[Matteo Renzi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Italy's PM-designate Matteo Renzi names new cabinet|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26298038|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=BBC News Europe|date=21 February 2014}}</ref> == Wasifu na Harakati == Lanzetta alizaliwa mjini [[Monasterace]], katika mkoa wa [[Calabria]]. Kitaaluma ni mfamasia. Alipata umaarufu wa kitaifa kutokana na ujasiri wake kama Meya wa Monasterace (2006–2013), ambapo alisimama imara dhidi ya vitisho vya kikundi cha kihalifu cha [['Ndrangheta]]. Mnamo mwaka 2011, gari lake lilichomwa moto na baadaye duka lake la dawa lilipigwa risasi, matukio yaliyopelekea kuungwa mkono na maelfu ya watu nchini Italia kama alama ya upinzani dhidi ya mafioso. == Kazi ya kisiasa == * **Waziri wa Masuala ya Mikoa:** Mnamo mwaka 2014, Matteo Renzi alimteua kuwa waziri katika baraza lake la mawaziri. Alichaguliwa kama mwakilishi wa serikali za mitaa na alama ya uadilifu. * **Kujiuzulu:** Alijiuzulu nafasi yake ya uwaziri mnamo Januari 2015 kufuatia mzozo wa kisiasa mkoani kwake Calabria, ambapo alikataa kushirikiana na viongozi wa mkoa ambao aliamini walikuwa na mienendo isiyoendana na misingi yake ya kupambana na ufisadi. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||Lanzetta, Maria Carmela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4tmeteahti2jq5qw98p7ctkk3axixua 0 234537 1542105 2026-05-13T18:29:23Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ben Phiri''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa [[Serikali]] za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo na [[Rais]] Peter Mutharika mwezi Oktoba 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mutharika’s “New” Cabinet Draws Ire: Bloated, Regionally Skewed, and Breaking Key Promises - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mutharikas-new-cabinet-draws-ire-bloated-reg...' 1542105 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ben Phiri''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa [[Serikali]] za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo na [[Rais]] Peter Mutharika mwezi Oktoba 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mutharika’s “New” Cabinet Draws Ire: Bloated, Regionally Skewed, and Breaking Key Promises - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mutharikas-new-cabinet-draws-ire-bloated-regionally-skewed-and-breaking-key-promises/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2025-10-31|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=NyasaAuthor1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi Government Shake-Up: Mutharika Unveils New Cabinet|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/10/05/malawi-government-shake-up-mutharika-unveils-new-cabinet/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-10-05|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Malawi24 Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] h78pxlumb8zvx52m2oh76qy9bty6wnr 0 234538 1542106 2026-05-13T18:30:09Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Samuel Gideon Balinsa''' (alizaliwa 8 Machi 1999) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza kama [[kiungo]] katika klabu ya [Super League, Arema. == Kazi ya klabu == Balinsa alizaliwa katika Sorong, Papua Kusini-Magharibi, Indonesia. Alianza maisha yake ya awali ya soka kwa kuchezea shule ya soka ya Bola Mania na timu ya vijana ya Persipura Jayapura U18.<ref name="balinsa1">{{cite web |url=https://wearemania.net/fokus...' 1542106 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samuel Gideon Balinsa''' (alizaliwa 8 Machi 1999) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza kama [[kiungo]] katika klabu ya [Super League, Arema. == Kazi ya klabu == Balinsa alizaliwa katika Sorong, Papua Kusini-Magharibi, Indonesia. Alianza maisha yake ya awali ya soka kwa kuchezea shule ya soka ya Bola Mania na timu ya vijana ya Persipura Jayapura U18.<ref name="balinsa1">{{cite web |url=https://wearemania.net/fokus/5-fakta-menarik-samuel-balinsa-pemain-papua-terbaru-di-arema/31007 |title=5 Fakta Menarik Samuel Balinsa, Pemain Papua Terbaru di Arema |website=wearemania.net| access-date=9 August 2025|date=29 May 2023|language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasoka}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Balinsa, Samuel Gideon}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ojxbl7k8dszxmz5b9xe9lrazck3wdzp 0 234540 1542111 2026-05-13T18:32:20Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Nga Ntafu''' (1943, Likoma Island, Nyasaland – 20 Oktoba 2015, Blantyre) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Malawi kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 1997.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign ministers L-R|url=http://rulers.org/fm3.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Pia alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji wa ubongo wa kwanza nchini Malawi. Baada ya maisha yake ya kisiasa, alirejea katika taaluma yake ya...' 1542111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Nga Ntafu''' (1943, Likoma Island, Nyasaland – 20 Oktoba 2015, Blantyre) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Malawi kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 1997.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign ministers L-R|url=http://rulers.org/fm3.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Pia alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji wa ubongo wa kwanza nchini Malawi. Baada ya maisha yake ya kisiasa, alirejea katika taaluma yake ya udaktari hadi kifo chake. Alikuwa ameoa Elvey Kalonga Ntafu na alikuwa na watoto wawili, Anke Ntafu Pagaja na Bentley Nga Ntafu. George Ntafu alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2015 katika [[Hospitali]] ya Kibinafsi ya Mwaiwathu saa chache baada ya kupata ajali ya barabarani wakati gari alilokuwa akiendesha lilipogongana na lori katika mji wa biashara wa Blantyre nchini Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Renowned neuro surgeon Ntafu dies {{!}} The Times Group|url=http://www.times.mw/renowned-neuro-surgeon-ntafu-dies/|work=www.times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] ha6aopj44iyd9parftghaitkhe9osfn 1542147 1542111 2026-05-13T18:52:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Nga Ntafu''' (1943, Likoma Island, Nyasaland – 20 Oktoba 2015, Blantyre) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Malawi kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 1997.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Foreign ministers L-R|url=http://rulers.org/fm3.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Pia alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji wa ubongo wa kwanza nchini Malawi. Baada ya maisha yake ya kisiasa, alirejea katika taaluma yake ya udaktari hadi kifo chake. Alikuwa ameoa Elvey Kalonga Ntafu na alikuwa na watoto wawili, Anke Ntafu Pagaja na Bentley Nga Ntafu. George Ntafu alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2015 katika [[Hospitali]] ya Kibinafsi ya Mwaiwathu saa chache baada ya kupata ajali ya barabarani wakati gari alilokuwa akiendesha lilipogongana na lori katika mji wa biashara wa Blantyre nchini Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Renowned neuro surgeon Ntafu dies {{!}} The Times Group|url=http://www.times.mw/renowned-neuro-surgeon-ntafu-dies/|work=www.times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] ej7k3vwlxjlficj4zb6tbzz9lhs0fxg 0 234541 1542112 2026-05-13T18:32:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hermensen Ballo''' (alizaliwa 26 Februari 1971) ni bondia mstaafu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Aliiwakilisha Indonesia mara mbili katika michezo ya Summer Olympics mwaka 1996 na 2000. Katika Olimpiki za mwaka 1996, alishindwa katika raundi ya pili ya uzani wa flyweight kwa wanaume na mshindi wa medali ya shaba Zoltan Lunka kutoka Ujerumani, baada ya kumshinda Guy-Elie Boulingui wa Gabon katika pambano lake la kwanza. Mwaka 2000 alipoteza pambano lake la kwanz...' 1542112 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hermensen Ballo''' (alizaliwa 26 Februari 1971) ni bondia mstaafu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Aliiwakilisha Indonesia mara mbili katika michezo ya Summer Olympics mwaka 1996 na 2000. Katika Olimpiki za mwaka 1996, alishindwa katika raundi ya pili ya uzani wa flyweight kwa wanaume na mshindi wa medali ya shaba Zoltan Lunka kutoka Ujerumani, baada ya kumshinda Guy-Elie Boulingui wa Gabon katika pambano lake la kwanza. Mwaka 2000 alipoteza pambano lake la kwanza dhidi ya José Navarro wa [[Marekani]]. == Marejeo == * {{cite Sports-Reference |url=[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/hermensen-ballo-1.html](https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/hermensen-ballo-1.html) |title=Hermensen Ballo |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090923142129/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/hermensen-ballo-1.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20090923142129/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/hermensen-ballo-1.html) |archive-date=2009-09-23 |url-status=dead}} {{Reflist}} {{Indonesia-boxing-bio-stub}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6cocu1u5x27hmnm7p6a6f67blcp3m6q 0 234542 1542115 2026-05-13T18:35:06Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hetherwick Ntaba''' ni [[daktari]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi, na aliyewahi kuwa Katibu wa Uenezi wa chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Ntaba alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1994. Baadaye alihudumu kama [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa chama cha DPP.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP endorses Mutharika|url=https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2008-10-22-dpp-endorses-mutharika/|work=IOL|date=2118-04-16|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> ==...' 1542115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hetherwick Ntaba''' ni [[daktari]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi, na aliyewahi kuwa Katibu wa Uenezi wa chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Ntaba alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1994. Baadaye alihudumu kama [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa chama cha DPP.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP endorses Mutharika|url=https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2008-10-22-dpp-endorses-mutharika/|work=IOL|date=2118-04-16|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] gfl0fy8hqmn1cz4vv41uwxn6wt2makg 1542159 1542115 2026-05-13T19:01:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542159 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hetherwick Ntaba''' ni [[daktari]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi, na aliyewahi kuwa Katibu wa Uenezi wa chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). Ntaba alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1993 hadi 1994. Baadaye alihudumu kama [[Katibu]] Mkuu wa chama cha DPP.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DPP endorses Mutharika|url=https://iol.co.za/news/africa/2008-10-22-dpp-endorses-mutharika/|work=IOL|date=2118-04-16|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 1rw2t60ojrhwcd3iudge9q8svny2oct 0 234543 1542116 2026-05-13T18:35:19Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Advent Bangun''' (alizaliwa '''Advani Rangua'''; 12 Oktoba 1952 – 10 Februari 2018) alikuwa bingwa wa [[karate]] wa Indonesia aliyeshinda ubingwa mara 12. Aliacha kazi yake ya karate ili kufuatilia taaluma katika sinema ya Indonesia. Bangun alifariki tarehe 10 Februari 2018 kutokana na ugonjwa wa kisukari na matatizo yaliyotokana na ugonjwa huo.<ref>[http://entertainment.kompas.com/read/2018/02/10/104557610/advent-bangun-meninggal-karena-diabetes-dan...' 1542116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Advent Bangun''' (alizaliwa '''Advani Rangua'''; 12 Oktoba 1952 – 10 Februari 2018) alikuwa bingwa wa [[karate]] wa Indonesia aliyeshinda ubingwa mara 12. Aliacha kazi yake ya karate ili kufuatilia taaluma katika sinema ya Indonesia. Bangun alifariki tarehe 10 Februari 2018 kutokana na ugonjwa wa kisukari na matatizo yaliyotokana na ugonjwa huo.<ref>[http://entertainment.kompas.com/read/2018/02/10/104557610/advent-bangun-meninggal-karena-diabetes-dan-penyakit-komplikasi Advent Bangun Meninggal karena Diabetes dan Penyakit Komplikasi] {{in lang|id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bangun, Advent}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] n3erlvhst6yjste7yml690ur9j4d9ax 0 234544 1542118 2026-05-13T18:36:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Giorgia Latini''' (alizaliwa 18 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia kupitia chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307498&idLegislatura=18|title=LATINI Giorgia - LEGA|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> =...' 1542118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giorgia Latini''' (alizaliwa 18 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia kupitia chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307498&idLegislatura=18|title=LATINI Giorgia - LEGA|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Elimu == Latini alizaliwa mjini [[Fabriano]], katika mkoa wa [[Marche]]. Alihitimu shahada ya sheria na kufanya kazi kama wakili kabla ya kujikita kikamilifu katika siasa. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Latini amekuwa na majukumu muhimu katika ngazi ya kitaifa na mkoa: * **Serikali ya Mitaa:** Alihudumu kama Assessor (Waziri wa Jiji) wa Utamaduni, Elimu, na Michezo katika manispaa ya [[Ascoli Piceno]], ambapo alijulikana kwa kukuza miradi ya kitamaduni na kurejesha majengo ya kihistoria. * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Baada ya kuchaguliwa bungeni mwaka 2018, alifanya kazi katika Kamati ya VII inayoshughulikia Masuala ya Utamaduni, Sayansi, na Elimu. * **Waziri wa Mkoa (2020–2022):** Mnamo mwaka 2020, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Mkoa wa Marche anayehusika na Elimu, Utamaduni, na Sera za Vijana. Alijiuzulu nafasi yake bungeni mnamo mwaka 2020 ili kujikita katika jukumu hili la mkoa, lakini alichaguliwa tena bungeni katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.regione.marche.it/Regione-Utile/Istituzione/La-Giunta/Giorgia-Latini|title=Giorgia Latini - Regione Marche|publisher=Regione Marche|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa jitihada zake za kutambua lugha ya alama (LIS) nchini Italia na kukuza urithi wa kitamaduni wa mkoa wa Marche kupitia miradi ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Latini, Giorgia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qm2xi9glhza87jyrd9z7csdj6pykiv2 0 234545 1542119 2026-05-13T18:36:20Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542119 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tiamiou Adjibadé''' alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini Benin, ambaye alihudumu wakati wa kipindi muhimu cha mabadiliko ya kisiasa na kidiplomasia barani Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign ministers A-D|url=http://rulers.org/fm1.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] p6zjzwogqxc4n1krllcofqnmzmri9a9 1542324 1542119 2026-05-13T21:43:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542324 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tiamiou Adjibadé''' alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri nchini Benin, ambaye alihudumu wakati wa kipindi muhimu cha mabadiliko ya kisiasa na kidiplomasia barani Afrika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Foreign ministers A-D|url=http://rulers.org/fm1.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2006]] jjbh9f6bujzhd14p9nw0fr6hgsde8fi 0 234546 1542120 2026-05-13T18:38:53Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Noah Freeman Chimpeni''' (amezaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi anayehudumu kwa sasa kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Afya katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Lazarus Chakwera. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2025 kama sehemu ya mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Recovery cabinet|url=https://mwnation.com/recovery-cabinet/|work=Nation Online|date=2025-01-02|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Joseph Mwale}}</...' 1542120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noah Freeman Chimpeni''' (amezaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi anayehudumu kwa sasa kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Afya katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Lazarus Chakwera. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2025 kama sehemu ya mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Recovery cabinet|url=https://mwnation.com/recovery-cabinet/|work=Nation Online|date=2025-01-02|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Joseph Mwale}}</ref> Noah alizaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1968 katika Wilaya ya Nkhatabay District kaskazini mwa Malawi. Alisoma elimu ya sekondari katika Kamuzu Academy na baadaye kupata shahada ya kwanza ya Saikolojia ya Jamii na Kiingereza katika Chancellor College ya University of Malawi. Kabla ya kuingia rasmi katika siasa za uchaguzi, Chimpeni alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa habari wa UDF News na baadaye alifanya kazi kama Mratibu wa Miradi katika Television Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hamburg Sustainability Conference - Details|url=https://www.sustainability-conference.org/en/participants/noahchimpeni|work=www.sustainability-conference.org|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 1 Januari 2025, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa [[Afya]] wa Malawi, akimrithi Halima Alima Daud aliyeshikilia nafasi hiyo kabla ya uteuzi wake. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] h1qr6rzt0x6zjwyum8wkerbcd5pjy3l 1542281 1542120 2026-05-13T20:59:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542281 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noah Freeman Chimpeni''' (amezaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi anayehudumu kwa sasa kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Afya katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Lazarus Chakwera. Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2025 kama sehemu ya mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Recovery cabinet|url=https://mwnation.com/recovery-cabinet/|work=Nation Online|date=2025-01-02|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Joseph Mwale}}</ref> Noah alizaliwa tarehe 2 Februari 1968 katika Wilaya ya Nkhatabay District kaskazini mwa Malawi. Alisoma elimu ya sekondari katika Kamuzu Academy na baadaye kupata shahada ya kwanza ya Saikolojia ya Jamii na Kiingereza katika Chancellor College ya University of Malawi. Kabla ya kuingia rasmi katika siasa za uchaguzi, Chimpeni alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa habari wa UDF News na baadaye alifanya kazi kama Mratibu wa Miradi katika Television Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hamburg Sustainability Conference - Details|url=https://www.sustainability-conference.org/en/participants/noahchimpeni|work=www.sustainability-conference.org|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 1 Januari 2025, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa [[Afya]] wa Malawi, akimrithi Halima Alima Daud aliyeshikilia nafasi hiyo kabla ya uteuzi wake. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] dyvkmv6h9yrfs51rbqkiekiveokz6hz 0 234547 1542121 2026-05-13T18:39:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mendya Barends Sarmanella''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1972), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Indy Barends''', ni mtangazaji wa redio, mtangazaji wa televisheni, mcheshi, na mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kazi yake kama DJ wa redio na kupata umaarufu kupitia kipindi cha mazungumzo cha ''Ceriwis'' katika Trans TV. Pia amewahi kuwa jaji katika vipindi vya ''Indonesian Idol'' na ''Indonesia's Got Talent''. == Maisha ya awali == Mendya Barends alizaliwa t...' 1542121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mendya Barends Sarmanella''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1972), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Indy Barends''', ni mtangazaji wa redio, mtangazaji wa televisheni, mcheshi, na mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kazi yake kama DJ wa redio na kupata umaarufu kupitia kipindi cha mazungumzo cha ''Ceriwis'' katika Trans TV. Pia amewahi kuwa jaji katika vipindi vya ''Indonesian Idol'' na ''Indonesia's Got Talent''. == Maisha ya awali == Mendya Barends alizaliwa tarehe 15 Januari 1972 mjini Bogor kwa wazazi Hiras Paimatua Sidabutar na Betty Khusen.<ref>{{cite web |title=Profil Indy Barends |url=[https://www.kapanlagi.com/indy-barends/profil/](https://www.kapanlagi.com/indy-barends/profil/) |website=kapanlagi.com |access-date=20 Mei 2025 |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0133z061tjnsnlc12zya2vz232us40e 0 234548 1542124 2026-05-13T18:40:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rony Esar Feliks Beroperay''' ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/ronny-beroperay/281189/ Ronny Beroperay] at Soccerway</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasoka}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ```' 1542124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rony Esar Feliks Beroperay''' ni mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/ronny-beroperay/281189/ Ronny Beroperay] at Soccerway</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasoka}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ``` koggsnuzgdftn2iykfk3vv0kqa1xh28 0 234549 1542125 2026-05-13T18:41:10Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fraser Nihorya''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]] aliyefariki tarehe 23 Februari 2019. Alihudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Fedha nchini Malawi mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nihorya laid to rest with military honours: Nankhumwa says he was ‘a rare DPP member’ - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/nihorya-laid-to-rest-with-military-honours-nankhumwa-says-he-was-a-rare-dpp-member/|work=www.nyasatimes...' 1542125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fraser Nihorya''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]] aliyefariki tarehe 23 Februari 2019. Alihudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Fedha nchini Malawi mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nihorya laid to rest with military honours: Nankhumwa says he was ‘a rare DPP member’ - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/nihorya-laid-to-rest-with-military-honours-nankhumwa-says-he-was-a-rare-dpp-member/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-26|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] fdrow53wp8qtfyy04r0j42fplrrk1bk 1542141 1542125 2026-05-13T18:49:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542141 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fraser Nihorya''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]] aliyefariki tarehe 23 Februari 2019. Alihudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Fedha nchini Malawi mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nihorya laid to rest with military honours: Nankhumwa says he was ‘a rare DPP member’ - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/nihorya-laid-to-rest-with-military-honours-nankhumwa-says-he-was-a-rare-dpp-member/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-26|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] 5d4vbcdnaezqmazgi1ldsscn9mibpmw 0 234550 1542126 2026-05-13T18:41:43Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542126 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stanislas Spero Adotevi''' alikuwa mwanataaluma nguli, [[mwanadiplomasia]], na mwanafikra wa kipekee kutoka Benin ambaye mchango wake ulienea kuanzia serikali ya taifa lake hadi katika ngazi za juu za usimamizi wa kimataifa katika Umoja wa Mataifa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bénin/Nécrologie : Le Pr Spéro Stanislas Adotevi est décédé - leFaso.net|url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article127850|work=lefaso.net|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] rwxyjfb2ttvi9lj1v2x6sg2tyhdrtvz 1542312 1542126 2026-05-13T21:35:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542312 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stanislas Spero Adotevi''' alikuwa mwanataaluma nguli, [[mwanadiplomasia]], na mwanafikra wa kipekee kutoka Benin ambaye mchango wake ulienea kuanzia serikali ya taifa lake hadi katika ngazi za juu za usimamizi wa kimataifa katika Umoja wa Mataifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bénin/Nécrologie : Le Pr Spéro Stanislas Adotevi est décédé - leFaso.net|url=https://lefaso.net/spip.php?article127850|work=lefaso.net|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] rowhalcgdhwxc4u4swwz2jlle004xcx 0 234551 1542127 2026-05-13T18:42:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arianna Lazzarini''' (alizaliwa 6 Machi 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307455&idLegislatura=18|title=LAZZARINI Arianna - LEGA|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Elim...' 1542127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arianna Lazzarini''' (alizaliwa 6 Machi 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Lega Nord|Lega]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la XVIII la Italia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307455&idLegislatura=18|title=LAZZARINI Arianna - LEGA|publisher=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Elimu == Lazzarini alizaliwa mjini [[Monselice]], katika mkoa wa [[Veneto]]. Alihitimu masomo yake katika fani ya sheria na kuanza kujishughulisha na siasa tangu akiwa mdogo ndani ya chama cha Lega Nord, akijikita zaidi katika masuala ya utawala wa mikoa. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Lazzarini amekuwa na wasifu mrefu katika uongozi wa mkoa wa Veneto na ngazi ya kitaifa: * **Serikali ya Mitaa na Mkoa:** Kabla ya kuchaguliwa bungeni, alifanya kazi kama Diwani wa Mkoa wa Veneto na pia alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika manispaa ya [[Pozzonovo]], ikiwemo nafasi ya Makamu wa Meya na baadaye Meya wa mji huo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilgazzettino.it/nordest/padova/arianna_lazzarini_deputata_leghista_pozzonovo-3591410.html|title=Arianna Lazzarini, la deputata leghista che non dimentica Pozzonovo|work=Il Gazzettino|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> * **Baraza la Wawakilishi:** Katika bunge la XVIII (2018–2022), alifanya kazi kama mjumbe wa Kamati ya XII inayoshughulikia Masuala ya Kijamii (Afya). Alichaguliwa tena katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022 (bunge la XIX), ambapo anaendelea kutetea sera za afya na ustawi wa jamii. Anajulikana kwa msimamo wake wa kutetea ugatuzi wa madaraka (autonomy) kwa mkoa wa Veneto na amekuwa akipigania uimarishaji wa huduma za afya vijijini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Lazzarini, Arianna}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eiojrlodw57qchrjkvf57ph65jzzs0b 0 234552 1542130 2026-05-13T18:43:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stevie Bonsapia''' (alizaliwa 10 Mei 1988) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Kazi == Mnamo Oktoba 2013, alisaini kuichezea klabu mpya iliyopanda daraja ya Perseru Serui.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuda Laut Orange Rekrut Stevie Bonsapia|url=[http://www.ligaindonesia.co.id/index.php/read/isl/Kuda-Laut-Orange-Rekrut-Stevie-Bonsapia-5249#.UlrnGo0W3UY|publisher=ligaindonesia.co.id|accessdate=13](http://www.ligaindonesia.co.id/index...' 1542130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stevie Bonsapia''' (alizaliwa 10 Mei 1988) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Kazi == Mnamo Oktoba 2013, alisaini kuichezea klabu mpya iliyopanda daraja ya Perseru Serui.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuda Laut Orange Rekrut Stevie Bonsapia|url=[http://www.ligaindonesia.co.id/index.php/read/isl/Kuda-Laut-Orange-Rekrut-Stevie-Bonsapia-5249#.UlrnGo0W3UY|publisher=ligaindonesia.co.id|accessdate=13](http://www.ligaindonesia.co.id/index.php/read/isl/Kuda-Laut-Orange-Rekrut-Stevie-Bonsapia-5249#.UlrnGo0W3UY|publisher=ligaindonesia.co.id|accessdate=13) Oktoba 2013|language=Indonesian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q03n3nri51wo65g023m1dyefpkbya2q 0 234553 1542131 2026-05-13T18:43:56Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fraser Nkhoma Nihora''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Fedha nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-u...' 1542131 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fraser Nkhoma Nihora''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Fedha nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] bqbqkdj7owxhkc64xgcv6pafhjldrvf 1542142 1542131 2026-05-13T18:49:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542142 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fraser Nkhoma Nihora''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Fedha nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] mootknbk6kociuixwoadkye45q3lz7n 0 234554 1542133 2026-05-13T18:46:22Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elena Leonardi''' (alizaliwa 3 Mei 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Seneti la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/composizione/senatori/elenco-alfabetico/scheda-attivita?tab=datiAnag&did=36402|title=Elena Leonardi|publisher=[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate of the Republic]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Kazi ya Kisiasa == Leonardi alizaliwa mjini [...' 1542133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Leonardi''' (alizaliwa 3 Mei 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Seneti la Italia tangu mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/composizione/senatori/elenco-alfabetico/scheda-attivita?tab=datiAnag&did=36402|title=Elena Leonardi|publisher=[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate of the Republic]]|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu na Kazi ya Kisiasa == Leonardi alizaliwa mjini [[Recanati]], katika mkoa wa [[Marche]]. Ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Fratelli d'Italia]] (Brothers of Italy) na amekuwa mhusika mkuu katika siasa za mkoa wake kwa miaka mingi. === Ngazi ya Mkoa (2015–2022) === Kabla ya kujiunga na bunge la kitaifa, Leonardi alikuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika serikali ya mkoa wa Marche: * **Baraza la Mkoa:** Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Marche (Assemblea Legislativa delle Marche) mwaka 2015 na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2020. * **Kamati ya Afya:** Alihudumu kama Rais wa Kamati ya Afya na Sera za Kijamii mkoani Marche. Alijiuzulu nafasi hii mnamo Oktoba 2022 baada ya kuchaguliwa kwenda Seneti.<ref>{{cite news|access-date=2026-05-13|date=2022-10-07|language=it|title=Elena Leonardi va in Senato, lascia la presidenza della Commissione Regionale Sanità|url=https://www.anconatoday.it/politica/elena-leonardi-senatrice-sanita-marche.html|newspaper=Ancona Today}}</ref> === Seneti ya Jamhuri === Katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2022, Leonardi alichaguliwa kuwa Seneta. Katika bunge la XIX, anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Kamati ya X inayoshughulikia Masuala ya Kijamii, Afya, Kazi, na Hifadhi ya Jamii. Pia, anashikilia nafasi ya mratibu wa kikanda (Regional Coordinator) wa chama cha Fratelli d'Italia mkoani Marche. Anajulikana kwa kutetea "Model ya Marche" (Modello Marche) katika siasa za kitaifa, akilenga kuleta mageuzi ya mfumo wa afya na kusaidia maeneo yaliyoathiriwa na matetemeko ya ardhi katikati mwa Italia.<ref>{{cite news|date=2022-08-23|language=it|title=Leonardi, i ricordi e l’ascesa «Il modelo Marche approda in Parlamento»|url=https://www.cronachemaceratesi.it/2022/08/23/leonardi-i-ricordi-e-lascesa-il-modello-marche-approda-in-parlamento/1669875/|newspaper=Cronache Maceratesi}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Leonardi, Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ngrx28b9js5b18i8k53fwvun0xhpovw 0 234555 1542135 2026-05-13T18:46:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Hartanto''' (alizaliwa 17 Oktoba 1991), anayejulikana kitaaluma kama '''Boy William''', ni mburudishaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == William Hartanto alizaliwa nchini Indonesia na aliishi [[New Zealand]] kwa miaka miwili. Akiwa mwanafunzi shuleni alipenda muziki. Dini yake ni Ukristo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biodata Boy William Lengkap dengan Agama|url=http://beritaresmi.com/biodata-boy-william-lengkap-dengan-agama.html|url-status=dead|websi...' 1542135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Hartanto''' (alizaliwa 17 Oktoba 1991), anayejulikana kitaaluma kama '''Boy William''', ni mburudishaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == William Hartanto alizaliwa nchini Indonesia na aliishi [[New Zealand]] kwa miaka miwili. Akiwa mwanafunzi shuleni alipenda muziki. Dini yake ni Ukristo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biodata Boy William Lengkap dengan Agama|url=http://beritaresmi.com/biodata-boy-william-lengkap-dengan-agama.html|url-status=dead|website=Berita Resmi|date=31 October 2014|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703222556/http://beritaresmi.com/biodata-boy-william-lengkap-dengan-agama.html|archive-date=3 July 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:William, Boy}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pjayba61n1l45r9pmvvyh3c3rza3o7p 0 234556 1542137 2026-05-13T18:47:02Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542137 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lionel Jacques Agbo''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini Benin anayejulikana kwa msimamo wake thabiti dhidi ya ufisadi na utetezi wa utawala wa sheria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bénin : Boni Yayi gracie deux personnes condamnées pour offense au chef de l’État|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/138478/politique/b-nin-boni-yayi-gracie-deux-personnes-condamn-es-pour-offense-au-chef-de-l-tat/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] nvr6tfukuyd8q0kn0mcmccfs5wdkzfk 1542209 1542137 2026-05-13T19:54:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lionel Jacques Agbo''' ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini Benin anayejulikana kwa msimamo wake thabiti dhidi ya ufisadi na utetezi wa utawala wa sheria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bénin : Boni Yayi gracie deux personnes condamnées pour offense au chef de l’État|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/138478/politique/b-nin-boni-yayi-gracie-deux-personnes-condamn-es-pour-offense-au-chef-de-l-tat/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] hfrfxsdwuistohub3q1oyuugux0kemr 0 234557 1542140 2026-05-13T18:49:45Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Christopher Mzomera Ngwira''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Ardhi, Nyumba na Maendeleo ya Miji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2011 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, baada ya kuvunja baraza lake la mawaziri lenye mawaziri 42. Muhula wa Ngwira ulianza tarehe 19 Agosti 2011. Ngwira hakuweza kugombea katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 baada ya [[Mahakama]] Kuu kumtangaza k...' 1542140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christopher Mzomera Ngwira''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Ardhi, Nyumba na Maendeleo ya Miji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2011 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, baada ya kuvunja baraza lake la mawaziri lenye mawaziri 42. Muhula wa Ngwira ulianza tarehe 19 Agosti 2011. Ngwira hakuweza kugombea katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 baada ya [[Mahakama]] Kuu kumtangaza kuwa mufilisi. Mwaka 2019, Henry Mumba alichaguliwa kuwa mgombea wa Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kuwakilisha jimbo la Mzimba Hora, lakini jina lake liliondolewa na mke wa Ngwira, Martha Mzomera Ngwira, akachaguliwa badala yake. Hata hivyo, tume ya uchaguzi haikuruhusu jina la Mumba kuondolewa, jambo lililosababisha DPP kuwa na zaidi ya mgombea mmoja, ingawa chama hicho kilimuunga mkono zaidi Martha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP has three candidates in Mzimba Hora c - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-has-three-candidates-in-mzimba-hora-c/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-13|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP has three candidates in Mzimba Hora c - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-has-three-candidates-in-mzimba-hora-c/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-13|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] itceidjen6i41sn2a47hx19o5bage78 1542144 1542140 2026-05-13T18:51:05Z Don Malya 61486 1542144 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christopher Mzomera Ngwira''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Ardhi, Nyumba na Maendeleo ya Miji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2011 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, baada ya kuvunja baraza lake la mawaziri lenye mawaziri 42. Muhula wa Ngwira ulianza tarehe 19 Agosti 2011. Ngwira hakuweza kugombea katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 baada ya [[Mahakama]] Kuu kumtangaza kuwa mufilisi. Mwaka 2019, Henry Mumba alichaguliwa kuwa mgombea wa Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kuwakilisha jimbo la Mzimba Hora, lakini jina lake liliondolewa na mke wa Ngwira, Martha Mzomera Ngwira, akachaguliwa badala yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP withdraws Mumba, replaces Mzomera with his wife as parliamentary candidate - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-withdraws-mumba-replaces-mzomera-with-his-wife-as-parliamentary-candidate/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Hata hivyo, tume ya uchaguzi haikuruhusu jina la Mumba kuondolewa, jambo lililosababisha DPP kuwa na zaidi ya mgombea mmoja, ingawa chama hicho kilimuunga mkono zaidi Martha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP has three candidates in Mzimba Hora c - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-has-three-candidates-in-mzimba-hora-c/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-13|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] kwbwcespowts00doxj2lp0yhxqnws57 0 234558 1542143 2026-05-13T18:50:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mário Viegas Carrascalão''' (12 Mei 1937 – 19 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Timor ya Mashariki]]. Carrascalão alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) mwaka 1974 na Chama cha Social Democratic (S DP) mwaka 2000. Alihudumu kama gavana wa Timor ya Mashariki kuanzia mwaka 1981 hadi 1992 wakati wa utawala wa Indonesia nchini humo.<ref name=govtl>{{cite news |title=Government expresses condolences on the...' 1542143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mário Viegas Carrascalão''' (12 Mei 1937 – 19 Mei 2017) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mwanadiplomasia kutoka [[Timor ya Mashariki]]. Carrascalão alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) mwaka 1974 na Chama cha Social Democratic (S DP) mwaka 2000. Alihudumu kama gavana wa Timor ya Mashariki kuanzia mwaka 1981 hadi 1992 wakati wa utawala wa Indonesia nchini humo.<ref name=govtl>{{cite news |title=Government expresses condolences on the passing of Mário Viegas Carrascalão |url=[http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=17974&lang=en](http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=17974&lang=en) |work=[[Government of East Timor]] |date=2017-05-19 |access-date=2017-06-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 0x7u0hdlgrlnvi7nhuczldbxc36lbzp 0 234559 1542145 2026-05-13T18:51:51Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sikiratou Kissira Aguêmon''' ni mmoja wa [[wanawake]] wa kwanza na wenye ushawishi mkubwa katika siasa na sheria nchini [[Benin]], akijulikana kwa utaalamu wake katika masuala ya biashara na mahusiano ya kimataifa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BENIN-POLITIQUE: Statu quo sur la Promotion des Femmes Dans les Institutions de l'Etat.|url=http://ipsnews.net/francais/1998/05/26/benin-politique-statu-quo-sur-la-promotion-des-femmes-dans-les-institutions-de-letat/|work=IPS Français|date=1998-05-26|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Ali Gadanga}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gul741xmcp0a0rknxcgk57qya8tifxv 1542309 1542145 2026-05-13T21:31:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542309 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sikiratou Kissira Aguêmon''' ni mmoja wa [[wanawake]] wa kwanza na wenye ushawishi mkubwa katika siasa na sheria nchini [[Benin]], akijulikana kwa utaalamu wake katika masuala ya biashara na mahusiano ya kimataifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BENIN-POLITIQUE: Statu quo sur la Promotion des Femmes Dans les Institutions de l'Etat.|url=http://ipsnews.net/francais/1998/05/26/benin-politique-statu-quo-sur-la-promotion-des-femmes-dans-les-institutions-de-letat/|work=IPS Français|date=1998-05-26|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Ali Gadanga}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e3vk50w5lgbguxyuv2ki9w9mpzp00x9 0 234560 1542146 2026-05-13T18:52:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Maria Pereira Abrunhosa''' (alizaliwa 4 Julai 1970) ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Uwiano wa Kiwilaya (Minister for Territorial Cohesion) kuanzia Oktoba 2019 hadi Machi 2024. Mnamo Machi 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno]] kupitia Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti (PS), akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Coimbra]].<ref name=CNN>{{cite news |title=Eleições Legislat...' 1542146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Maria Pereira Abrunhosa''' (alizaliwa 4 Julai 1970) ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama Waziri wa Uwiano wa Kiwilaya (Minister for Territorial Cohesion) kuanzia Oktoba 2019 hadi Machi 2024. Mnamo Machi 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno]] kupitia Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti (PS), akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Coimbra]].<ref name=CNN>{{cite news |title=Eleições Legislativas 2024. Deputados Eleitos |url=https://cnnportugal.iol.pt/eleicoes/legislativas2024/deputadoseleitos |access-date=2026-05-13 |agency=CNN}}</ref> == Wasifu na Elimu == Abrunhosa alihitimu shahada ya kwanza, uzamili, na uzamivu (PhD) katika fani ya Uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Coimbra. Kabla ya kuingia kikamilifu katika siasa, alikuwa profesa katika Kitivo cha Uchumi cha chuo hicho hicho, ambapo alifundisha masomo mbalimbali ikiwemo uchumi wa kikanda na usimamizi wa miradi. == Kazi ya Kitaalamu na Kisiasa == Ana Abrunhosa amekuwa na wasifu mrefu katika usimamizi wa rasilimali za umma na maendeleo ya maeneo: * **Tume ya Maendeleo ya Kikanda (CCDR-C):** Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa waziri, alihudumu kama Rais wa Tume ya Uratibu na Maendeleo ya Kikanda ya Kati (CCDR-C) kuanzia mwaka 2014 hadi 2019. Katika nafasi hiyo, alisimamia usambazaji wa mifuko ya maendeleo ya Umoja wa Ulaya kwa ajili ya mkoa wa Kati nchini Ureno. * **Uwaziri (2019–2024):** Aliteuliwa na Waziri Mkuu [[António Costa]] kuongoza wizara mpya ya Uwiano wa Kiwilaya, yenye lengo la kupunguza tofauti za kiuchumi kati ya miji ya pwani na maeneo ya ndani ya nchi. * **Bunge (2024–sasa):** Kufuatia uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2024, alichukua nafasi yake kama mbunge, akijikita katika kutetea sera za maendeleo ya kikanda na ugatuzi wa madaraka. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970||Abrunhosa, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fcjkboff6e9846ehj61l1tejhkpmb2c 0 234561 1542149 2026-05-13T18:54:14Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marjory Ngaunje''' alikuwa mwanasiasa na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2006 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}<...' 1542149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marjory Ngaunje''' alikuwa mwanasiasa na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2006 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri yaliyofanyika mwezi Februari 2008. Ngaunje alifariki mwezi [[Novemba]] 2013 katika makazi yake mjini Lilongwe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s ex health minister dead: Marjorie Ngaunje|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/malawis-ex-health-minister-dead-marjorie-ngaunje/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2013-11-29|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] mzh7hxuxndd89klm3nlwm7jdl8fyzrp 1542225 1542149 2026-05-13T20:06:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542225 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marjory Ngaunje''' alikuwa mwanasiasa na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2006 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi mabadiliko ya baraza la mawaziri yaliyofanyika mwezi Februari 2008. Ngaunje alifariki mwezi [[Novemba]] 2013 katika makazi yake mjini Lilongwe.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s ex health minister dead: Marjorie Ngaunje|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/malawis-ex-health-minister-dead-marjorie-ngaunje/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2013-11-29|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] n6r7dcxug6ww5az66gcqqbmuddmrqqt 0 234562 1542150 2026-05-13T18:54:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ricky Ricardo Cristian Cawor''' (alizaliwa 26 Januari 1998) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza kama [[winga]] katika klabu ya Championship, Barito Putera. == Kazi ya klabu == === Persipura Jayapura === Alisajiliwa na Persipura Jayapura kucheza katika Liga 1 msimu wa 2021–22 baada ya kufunga mabao 11 katika 2021 Pekan Olahraga Nasional.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://skor.id/post/top-skor-pon-papua-2021-ricky-cawo...' 1542150 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ricky Ricardo Cristian Cawor''' (alizaliwa 26 Januari 1998) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza kama [[winga]] katika klabu ya Championship, Barito Putera. == Kazi ya klabu == === Persipura Jayapura === Alisajiliwa na Persipura Jayapura kucheza katika Liga 1 msimu wa 2021–22 baada ya kufunga mabao 11 katika 2021 Pekan Olahraga Nasional.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://skor.id/post/top-skor-pon-papua-2021-ricky-cawor-resmi-gabung-persipura-jayapura-01398289 |title=Top Skor PON Papua 2021, Ricky Cawor Resmi Gabung Persipura Jayapura|website=Skor.id|access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasoka}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cawor, Ricky Ricardo Cristian}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] i790gxtxjld805l3byuh3yv7unm5bl3 0 234563 1542151 2026-05-13T18:56:01Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Luís Casanova Morgado Dias de Albuquerque''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu kama Kamishna wa Ulaya wa Huduma za Kifedha na Muungano wa Akiba na Uwekezaji chini ya Kamati ya pili ya [[Ursula von der Leyen]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi na Fedha wa Ureno kati ya mwaka 2013 na 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugal indica Maria Luís Albuquerque para a Comissão Europeia |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/g...' 1542151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Luís Casanova Morgado Dias de Albuquerque''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu kama Kamishna wa Ulaya wa Huduma za Kifedha na Muungano wa Akiba na Uwekezaji chini ya Kamati ya pili ya [[Ursula von der Leyen]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi na Fedha wa Ureno kati ya mwaka 2013 na 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugal indica Maria Luís Albuquerque para a Comissão Europeia |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc24/comunicacao/noticia?i=portugal-indica-maria-luis-albuquerque-para-a-comissao-europeia |access-date=2026-05-13 |website=www.portugal.gov.pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Albuquerque, Maria Luis}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s0vbx09v7d65id0lf2tjflvh7065qfo 1542223 1542151 2026-05-13T20:05:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542223 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Luís Casanova Morgado Dias de Albuquerque''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu kama Kamishna wa Ulaya wa Huduma za Kifedha na Muungano wa Akiba na Uwekezaji chini ya Kamati ya pili ya [[Ursula von der Leyen]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi na Fedha wa Ureno kati ya mwaka 2013 na 2015.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Portugal indica Maria Luís Albuquerque para a Comissão Europeia |url=https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc24/comunicacao/noticia?i=portugal-indica-maria-luis-albuquerque-para-a-comissao-europeia |access-date=2026-05-13 |website=www.portugal.gov.pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Albuquerque, Maria Luis}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ijexvwlpvyhfag2qw4n977x5yzkdmv5 0 234564 1542152 2026-05-13T18:56:03Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542152 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Ahouanmènou''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] muhimu nchini Benin (wakati huo ikiitwa Dahomey), aliyejulikana kwa msimamo wake thabiti na uaminifu kwa viongozi wa mwanzo wa harakati za uhuru wa nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Citation|title=Michel Ahouanmènou|date=2025-09-28|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michel_Ahouanm%C3%A8nou&oldid=1313881557|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1979]] cp76hzp77aj7eaadhn3p0p46g28il7g 0 234565 1542153 2026-05-13T18:57:26Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ken Zikhale Ng'oma''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 katika jimbo la Nkhata Bay South Constituency. Mwaka 2023 aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Usalama]] wa Ndani wa Taifa (Minister of Homeland Security) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zikhale salutes police for arresting ‘mysterious’ murder suspects - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/zikhale-salutes-police-for-arrestin...' 1542153 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ken Zikhale Ng'oma''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 katika jimbo la Nkhata Bay South Constituency. Mwaka 2023 aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Usalama]] wa Ndani wa Taifa (Minister of Homeland Security) <ref>{{Cite web|title=Zikhale salutes police for arresting ‘mysterious’ murder suspects - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/zikhale-salutes-police-for-arresting-mysterious-murder-suspects/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2023-12-16|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref>na Rais Lazarus Chakwera, na akaanza rasmi kazi tarehe 31 Januari 2023. Katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025, alipata chini ya kura 2,000, huku Emily Phiri akishinda zaidi ya kura 3,600 na kuchukua jimbo hilo kwa chama cha United Transformation Movement.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rise, fall of giants in MPs' race|url=https://mwnation.com/rise-fall-of-giants-in-mps-race/|work=Nation Online|date=2025-09-19|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Ralph Mvona}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] haddrj7u97b8ah8dyi3guxcbw1sfmnc 1542186 1542153 2026-05-13T19:26:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542186 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ken Zikhale Ng'oma''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alishinda uchaguzi wa mwaka 2019 katika jimbo la Nkhata Bay South Constituency. Mwaka 2023 aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa [[Usalama]] wa Ndani wa Taifa (Minister of Homeland Security) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zikhale salutes police for arresting ‘mysterious’ murder suspects - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/zikhale-salutes-police-for-arresting-mysterious-murder-suspects/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2023-12-16|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref>na Rais Lazarus Chakwera, na akaanza rasmi kazi tarehe 31 Januari 2023. Katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2025, alipata chini ya kura 2,000, huku Emily Phiri akishinda zaidi ya kura 3,600 na kuchukua jimbo hilo kwa chama cha United Transformation Movement.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rise, fall of giants in MPs' race|url=https://mwnation.com/rise-fall-of-giants-in-mps-race/|work=Nation Online|date=2025-09-19|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Ralph Mvona}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 4ae0y6lgehzozbr6hrrfzyad42c0xur 0 234566 1542154 2026-05-13T18:58:50Z Family 001 70423 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samkange''' ni jina la ukoo ambalo asili yake ni nchini Zimbabwe. Watu mashuhuri wenye jina la ukoo kama hili ni pamoja na: * Stanlake J. W. T. Samkange (1922–1988), mwandishi wa [[Zimbabwe]]. * Thompson Samkange (1893–1956), Waziri wa Zimbabwe na mwanaharakati wa kisiasa. [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Majina ya ukoo]] dqoqzuwiplj30slyoivqao1gnvq7wvu 0 234567 1542155 2026-05-13T19:00:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Berta Maria Correia de Almeida de Melo Cabral''' (alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1952) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] kutoka fungu la visiwa vya [[Azores]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=6147 |title=Biografia |publisher=Parlamento.pt |accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||Cabral, Berta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1542155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Berta Maria Correia de Almeida de Melo Cabral''' (alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1952) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] kutoka fungu la visiwa vya [[Azores]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=6147 |title=Biografia |publisher=Parlamento.pt |accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||Cabral, Berta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] shvhfu7ytcn1n19ns8iew4469nkpb84 0 234568 1542158 2026-05-13T19:01:26Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vonny Cornellya Permatasari''', anayejulikana kama '''Vonny Cornelia''' (alizaliwa Bogor, Java Magharibi, 14 Agosti 1979), ni mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{in lang|id}} [http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/v/vonny_cornelia/]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cornelia, Vonny}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1542158 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vonny Cornellya Permatasari''', anayejulikana kama '''Vonny Cornelia''' (alizaliwa Bogor, Java Magharibi, 14 Agosti 1979), ni mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{in lang|id}} [http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/v/vonny_cornelia/]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cornelia, Vonny}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ndypvq7l8kvoaeksub9jb8k94c04xwv 0 234569 1542161 2026-05-13T19:02:14Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Susan Ndalama''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye anahudumu kama Mbunge wa jimbo la Blantyre Rural East. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 20 Mei 2014. Ndalama alizaliwa mjini Blantyre. Alijiunga na [[Malawi]] Parliamentary Women's Caucus ambapo aliwahi kuwa mjumbe mtendaji na baadaye Naibu Mwenyekiti. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/e731a36d2d8af576f36fd7ec1f1e81da4a34ada1.d7bbbcde7fe35c643e75d8b92be6622903a0201c|work=data.con...' 1542161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susan Ndalama''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye anahudumu kama Mbunge wa jimbo la Blantyre Rural East. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 20 Mei 2014. Ndalama alizaliwa mjini Blantyre. Alijiunga na [[Malawi]] Parliamentary Women's Caucus ambapo aliwahi kuwa mjumbe mtendaji na baadaye Naibu Mwenyekiti. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/e731a36d2d8af576f36fd7ec1f1e81da4a34ada1.d7bbbcde7fe35c643e75d8b92be6622903a0201c|work=data.connectedafrica.net|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref>Kundi hilo liliongozwa na Roseby Gadama. Mwaka 2018, alitoa uungaji mkono wake kwa Rais Peter Mutharika akimtaka achaguliwe tena. [[Jimbo]] lake lilikuwa la vijijini lakini lilianza kubadilika kuwa la mijini, mfano ukiwa ujenzi mpya wa daraja la Mlonbozi baada ya kuharibiwa na mafuriko.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MP Ndalama says Mutharika has performed wonders to transform Malawi - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-ndalama-says-mutharika-performed-wonders-transform-malawi/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2018-02-28|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] qnydmd0u6wjtuvafutsuusi3uqmt8wy 1542315 1542161 2026-05-13T21:36:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542315 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susan Ndalama''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye anahudumu kama Mbunge wa jimbo la Blantyre Rural East. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 20 Mei 2014. Ndalama alizaliwa mjini Blantyre. Alijiunga na [[Malawi]] Parliamentary Women's Caucus ambapo aliwahi kuwa mjumbe mtendaji na baadaye Naibu Mwenyekiti. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/e731a36d2d8af576f36fd7ec1f1e81da4a34ada1.d7bbbcde7fe35c643e75d8b92be6622903a0201c|work=data.connectedafrica.net|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref>Kundi hilo liliongozwa na Roseby Gadama. Mwaka 2018, alitoa uungaji mkono wake kwa Rais Peter Mutharika akimtaka achaguliwe tena. [[Jimbo]] lake lilikuwa la vijijini lakini lilianza kubadilika kuwa la mijini, mfano ukiwa ujenzi mpya wa daraja la Mlonbozi baada ya kuharibiwa na mafuriko.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=MP Ndalama says Mutharika has performed wonders to transform Malawi - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mp-ndalama-says-mutharika-performed-wonders-transform-malawi/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2018-02-28|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 4qvr5h98rlzvaypvq8e48nfnjs3ctbf 0 234570 1542162 2026-05-13T19:03:12Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542162 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Aikpé''' (1942 – 20 Juni 1975) alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa [[Benin]] na mtu wa pili kwa mamlaka katika serikali ya kwanza ya Mathieu Kérékou kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1975. Aliuawa mwaka 1975 na Martin Dohou Azonhiho kwa maelekezo ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou kutokana na kuwa na tamaa za kisiasa, lakini sababu rasmi iliyotolewa ilikuwa kwamba alikuwa na uhusiano wa kimapenzi na mke wa Kérékou.[1][2] Alitokea Abomey, mji mkuu wa kihistoria wa Benin. Aikpé alikuwa mwanachama wa utawala wa kijeshi ambao, pamoja na Janvier Assogba na Michel Alladaye, waliipindua serikali ya kiraia iliyokuwa ikiongozwa na Rais Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin mwaka 1972. Baadaye, utawala huo wa kijeshi ulimkabidhi madaraka Meja Mathieu Kérékou mwaka huo wa 1972.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Michel Aikpé|url=https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/1409|work=islam.zmo.de|date=1975-06-20|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Benin]] f6xccwianqiplgvqs32e66w8bth91ac 1542238 1542162 2026-05-13T20:16:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542238 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Aikpé''' (1942 – 20 Juni 1975) alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa [[Benin]] na mtu wa pili kwa mamlaka katika serikali ya kwanza ya Mathieu Kérékou kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1975. Aliuawa mwaka 1975 na Martin Dohou Azonhiho kwa maelekezo ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou kutokana na kuwa na tamaa za kisiasa, lakini sababu rasmi iliyotolewa ilikuwa kwamba alikuwa na uhusiano wa kimapenzi na mke wa Kérékou.[1][2] Alitokea Abomey, mji mkuu wa kihistoria wa Benin. Aikpé alikuwa mwanachama wa utawala wa kijeshi ambao, pamoja na Janvier Assogba na Michel Alladaye, waliipindua serikali ya kiraia iliyokuwa ikiongozwa na Rais Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin mwaka 1972. Baadaye, utawala huo wa kijeshi ulimkabidhi madaraka Meja Mathieu Kérékou mwaka huo wa 1972.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Michel Aikpé|url=https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/1409|work=islam.zmo.de|date=1975-06-20|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Benin]] 2b8iuu7y906qfwcpwj049s4qydbtg6x 0 234571 1542163 2026-05-13T19:06:01Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maureen Namwali''' (amezaliwa 8 Machi 1975) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge mwaka 2025. Alizaliwa katika [[Wilaya]] ya Thyolo District mwaka 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maureen Namwali - MP Goliati-Thyolo|url=https://www.thyolo-goliati.com/|work=www.thyolo-goliati.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alijiunga na chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) na akashinda kura za mchujo katika jimbo lake la Thyolo Goliati katika u...' 1542163 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maureen Namwali''' (amezaliwa 8 Machi 1975) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge mwaka 2025. Alizaliwa katika [[Wilaya]] ya Thyolo District mwaka 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maureen Namwali - MP Goliati-Thyolo|url=https://www.thyolo-goliati.com/|work=www.thyolo-goliati.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alijiunga na chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) na akashinda kura za mchujo katika jimbo lake la Thyolo Goliati katika uchaguzi mkuu wa 2025. Ushindi wake ulipatikana licha ya changamoto zinazowakumba wanawake katika siasa, huku akipata uungwaji mkono kutoka kwa Lingalireni Mihowa wa Oxfam na Maggie Kathewera Banda wa Gender Coordination Network. Bungeni, Namwali aliteuliwa kuwa Makamu [[Mwenyekiti]] wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Masuala ya Jamii na Maendeleo ya [[Jamii]], ambayo inaongozwa na Savel Kafwafwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Malawi|url=https://www.parliament.gov.mw/media-resources/parliament-news/84|work=www.parliament.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Parliament of Malawi}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 8lp2bhlyasit929e5ns1grchwyc8qos 1542231 1542163 2026-05-13T20:09:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maureen Namwali''' (amezaliwa 8 Machi 1975) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge mwaka 2025. Alizaliwa katika [[Wilaya]] ya Thyolo District mwaka 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Maureen Namwali - MP Goliati-Thyolo|url=https://www.thyolo-goliati.com/|work=www.thyolo-goliati.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Alijiunga na chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) na akashinda kura za mchujo katika jimbo lake la Thyolo Goliati katika uchaguzi mkuu wa 2025. Ushindi wake ulipatikana licha ya changamoto zinazowakumba wanawake katika siasa, huku akipata uungwaji mkono kutoka kwa Lingalireni Mihowa wa Oxfam na Maggie Kathewera Banda wa Gender Coordination Network. Bungeni, Namwali aliteuliwa kuwa Makamu [[Mwenyekiti]] wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Masuala ya Jamii na Maendeleo ya [[Jamii]], ambayo inaongozwa na Savel Kafwafwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Parliament of Malawi|url=https://www.parliament.gov.mw/media-resources/parliament-news/84|work=www.parliament.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Parliament of Malawi}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] kegixd6tqgmdpf1etoescifpxzy3n0y 0 234572 1542164 2026-05-13T19:06:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa wazir...' 1542164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa waziri, alijipatia sifa kama mtaalamu wa uchumi na usimamizi wa umma. Pia alifanya kazi kama Rais wa Bodi ya Utendaji ya taasisi ya udhibiti wa mawasiliano nchini Ureno (inayojulikana sasa kama [[ANACOM]]) kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2002, ambapo alisimamia mageuzi makubwa ya soko la mawasiliano nchini humo. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Mnamo Julai 2024, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Elimu. Ingawa alifanya kazi kwa kipindi cha miezi michache tu hadi mnamo Machi 2005, alijaribu kuanzisha mfumo wa tathmini ya utendaji wa walimu. Baada ya kuondoka serikalini, alirejea katika shughuli za ualimu kama profesa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.novasbe.unl.pt/en/faculty/maria-do-carmo-seabra Wasifu wa kitaaluma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova SBE] * [https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc16/governo/ministros/educacao/maria-do-carmo-seabra.aspx Ukurasa rasmi wa kihistoria wa Serikali ya Ureno] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||Seabra, Maria do Carmo}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] nugy305gzgqdofpyptbc5pwl10mddm1 0 234573 1542165 2026-05-13T19:08:19Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542165 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saliou Akadiri''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2016. Akitokea Issaba, Akadiri alisoma Porto Novo na kuhitimu shahada ya sheria katika National University of Benin mwaka 1976. Alihudumu kama mkuu wa Kitengo cha Afrika na Ulaya katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1984. Alikaa kwa mwaka mmoja mjini Paris kabla ya kurejea katika wizara ya mambo ya nje hadi mwaka 1987, ambapo aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Benin nchini France. Akadiri alihudumu katika Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2006.[1] Alikuja kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin mwaka 2015.[2]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saliou Akadiri – World Policy Conference|url=https://www.worldpolicyconference.com/saliou-akadiri/|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9i6gjmod1inf4qg2vae7w64sldsoyie 1542301 1542165 2026-05-13T21:24:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542301 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saliou Akadiri''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2016. Akitokea Issaba, Akadiri alisoma Porto Novo na kuhitimu shahada ya sheria katika National University of Benin mwaka 1976. Alihudumu kama mkuu wa Kitengo cha Afrika na Ulaya katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1976 hadi 1984. Alikaa kwa mwaka mmoja mjini Paris kabla ya kurejea katika wizara ya mambo ya nje hadi mwaka 1987, ambapo aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Benin nchini France. Akadiri alihudumu katika Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2006.[1] Alikuja kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin mwaka 2015.[2]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Saliou Akadiri – World Policy Conference|url=https://www.worldpolicyconference.com/saliou-akadiri/|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 750iflmuogb85maatqvsp9noxuzgwkj 0 234574 1542166 2026-05-13T19:09:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas Aquinas Muliatna Djiwandono''' (alizaliwa 7 Mei 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mchumi kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Gavana wa Bank Indonesia. Yeye ni mpwa wa Prabowo Subianto, Rais wa nane wa [[Indonesia]]. Pia aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa pili wa Wizara ya Fedha , akihudumu chini ya uongozi wa Sri Mulyani na Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa kuanzia Julai 2024 hadi Februari 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Profil Thomas Djiwandono, Keponak...' 1542166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Aquinas Muliatna Djiwandono''' (alizaliwa 7 Mei 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mchumi kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Gavana wa Bank Indonesia. Yeye ni mpwa wa Prabowo Subianto, Rais wa nane wa [[Indonesia]]. Pia aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa pili wa Wizara ya Fedha , akihudumu chini ya uongozi wa Sri Mulyani na Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa kuanzia Julai 2024 hadi Februari 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Profil Thomas Djiwandono, Keponakan Prabowo yang Mau Jadi Wamenkeu |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20240718110707-17-555650/profil-thomas-djiwandono-keponakan-prabowo-yang-mau-jadi-wamenkeu |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=CNBC Indonesia |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Djiwandono, Thomas Aquinas Muliatna}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l3aquhxkdkolwb9sz6e2k0dq1gfncqa 1542322 1542166 2026-05-13T21:43:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542322 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Aquinas Muliatna Djiwandono''' (alizaliwa 7 Mei 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mchumi kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Gavana wa Bank Indonesia. Yeye ni mpwa wa Prabowo Subianto, Rais wa nane wa [[Indonesia]]. Pia aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa pili wa Wizara ya Fedha , akihudumu chini ya uongozi wa Sri Mulyani na Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa kuanzia Julai 2024 hadi Februari 2026.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Profil Thomas Djiwandono, Keponakan Prabowo yang Mau Jadi Wamenkeu |url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20240718110707-17-555650/profil-thomas-djiwandono-keponakan-prabowo-yang-mau-jadi-wamenkeu |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=CNBC Indonesia |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Djiwandono, Thomas Aquinas Muliatna}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kqk39tfkw1xvxnmq1fqpd27uwlsc247 0 234575 1542167 2026-05-13T19:10:12Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shadrick Namalomba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Teknolojia ya Habari na Mawasiliano (ICT). Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo na Rais Peter Mutharika tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mutharika’s “New” Cabinet Draws Ire: Bloated, Regionally Skewed, and Breaking Key Promises - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mutharikas-new-cabinet-draws-ire-bloated...' 1542167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shadrick Namalomba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Teknolojia ya Habari na Mawasiliano (ICT). Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo na Rais Peter Mutharika tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mutharika’s “New” Cabinet Draws Ire: Bloated, Regionally Skewed, and Breaking Key Promises - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mutharikas-new-cabinet-draws-ire-bloated-regionally-skewed-and-breaking-key-promises/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2025-10-31|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=NyasaAuthor1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi Government Shake-Up: Mutharika Unveils New Cabinet|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/10/05/malawi-government-shake-up-mutharika-unveils-new-cabinet/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-10-05|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Malawi24 Reporter}}</ref> Machi 2026, Namalomba alikuwa Kiongozi wa [[Bunge]] (Leader of the House), ambapo alitoa maoni kuhusu sakata la ununuzi wa Amaryllis Hotel na mfuko wa pensheni wa watumishi wa umma kwa bei iliyodaiwa kuwa kubwa kuliko thamani yake halisi. Chama tawala kililaumu serikali ya awali, huku ikitarajiwa kuwa baadhi ya maafisa wa [[serikali]] pia walihusika katika mchakato huo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Blame game erupts over hotel deal|url=https://times.mw/blame-game-erupts-over-hotel-deal/|work=The Times Group|date=2026-03-17|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] i2c640vodb909ym6gnadsziefj3lpg0 1542305 1542167 2026-05-13T21:29:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1542305 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shadrick Namalomba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama [[Waziri]] wa Teknolojia ya Habari na Mawasiliano (ICT). Aliteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo na Rais Peter Mutharika tarehe 30 Oktoba 2025.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mutharika’s “New” Cabinet Draws Ire: Bloated, Regionally Skewed, and Breaking Key Promises - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/mutharikas-new-cabinet-draws-ire-bloated-regionally-skewed-and-breaking-key-promises/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2025-10-31|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=NyasaAuthor1}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi Government Shake-Up: Mutharika Unveils New Cabinet|url=https://malawi24.com/2025/10/05/malawi-government-shake-up-mutharika-unveils-new-cabinet/|work=Malawi24|date=2025-10-05|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Malawi24 Reporter}}</ref> Machi 2026, Namalomba alikuwa Kiongozi wa [[Bunge]] (Leader of the House), ambapo alitoa maoni kuhusu sakata la ununuzi wa Amaryllis Hotel na mfuko wa pensheni wa watumishi wa umma kwa bei iliyodaiwa kuwa kubwa kuliko thamani yake halisi. Chama tawala kililaumu serikali ya awali, huku ikitarajiwa kuwa baadhi ya maafisa wa [[serikali]] pia walihusika katika mchakato huo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Blame game erupts over hotel deal|url=https://times.mw/blame-game-erupts-over-hotel-deal/|work=The Times Group|date=2026-03-17|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] p2gl6p5gacglzzlz2jwnvymmfcihnws 0 234576 1542168 2026-05-13T19:11:28Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Alladaye''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1940) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa zamani wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1980.[1] Hadi Aprili mwaka 1985, alikuwa Waziri wa Elimu wa Benin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign ministers A-D|url=https://rulers.org/fm1.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s2pv9dtuvl82b1itbaaw80iqclhwf7w 1542239 1542168 2026-05-13T20:16:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Alladaye''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1940) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa zamani wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1980.[1] Hadi Aprili mwaka 1985, alikuwa Waziri wa Elimu wa Benin.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Foreign ministers A-D|url=https://rulers.org/fm1.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jkxqoxwrbhzhlri7oq6y43ael9auvra 0 234577 1542169 2026-05-13T19:11:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa wazir...' 1542169 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa waziri, alijipatia sifa kama mtaalamu wa uchumi na usimamizi wa umma. Pia alifanya kazi kama Rais wa Bodi ya Utendaji ya taasisi ya udhibiti wa mawasiliano nchini Ureno (inayojulikana sasa kama [[ANACOM]]) kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2002, ambapo alisimamia mageuzi makubwa ya soko la mawasiliano nchini humo. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Mnamo Julai 2024, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Elimu. Ingawa alihudumu kwa kipindi cha miezi michache tu hadi mnamo Machi 2005, alijaribu kuanzisha mfumo wa tathmini ya utendaji wa walimu. Baada ya kuondoka serikalini, alirejea katika shughuli za ualimu kama profesa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.novasbe.unl.pt/en/faculty/maria-do-carmo-seabra Wasifu wa kitaaluma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova SBE] * [https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc16/governo/ministros/educacao/maria-do-carmo-seabra.aspx Ukurasa rasmi wa kihistoria wa Serikali ya Ureno] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||Seabra, Maria do Carmo}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] dmdgog4bxd18s951ivl8u7o72562zdi 0 234578 1542171 2026-05-13T19:12:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johannes Abraham Dimara''' (16 Aprili 1916 – 20 Oktoba 2000) alikuwa shujaa wa kitaifa wa [[Indonesia]] kutoka [[Guinea Mpya|Papua]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa kwa jina la Arabei Dimara katika Korem, Biak Kaskazini, Biak Numfor tarehe 16 Aprili 1916, akiwa mtoto wa kiongozi wa kijiji (korano) Willem Dimara. Alisoma shule ya msingi ya kijijini chini ya Tuan Guru Simon Soselisa. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 13, kwa idhini ya familia yake, alichukuliwa...' 1542171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johannes Abraham Dimara''' (16 Aprili 1916 – 20 Oktoba 2000) alikuwa shujaa wa kitaifa wa [[Indonesia]] kutoka [[Guinea Mpya|Papua]]. == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa kwa jina la Arabei Dimara katika Korem, Biak Kaskazini, Biak Numfor tarehe 16 Aprili 1916, akiwa mtoto wa kiongozi wa kijiji (korano) Willem Dimara. Alisoma shule ya msingi ya kijijini chini ya Tuan Guru Simon Soselisa. Akiwa na umri wa miaka 13, kwa idhini ya familia yake, alichukuliwa na Elias Mahubesi, kiongozi wa polisi wa kikoloni kutoka Ambon. Baadaye alibatizwa kwa jina la Johannes Abraham, huku akiendelea kubaki na jina la ukoo wa familia yake. Alihitimu mafunzo ya msingi mjini Ambon mwaka 1935. Kisha akaingia Shule ya Kilimo ya Laha mwaka 1940, na baadaye Shule ya Elimu ya Injili. Baada ya kuhitimu, alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa injili katika wilaya ya Leksuka, Kisiwa cha Buru.<ref name="Sitompul 2020">{{cite web | last=Sitompul | first=Martin | title=Mengenal 5 Pahlawan Nasional Asal Papua | website=Historia | date=3 Desemba 2020 | url=[https://historia.id/politik/articles/mengenal-5-pahlawan-nasional-asal-papua-P0pzG](https://historia.id/politik/articles/mengenal-5-pahlawan-nasional-asal-papua-P0pzG) | language=id | access-date=16 Januari 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] t3sghz45xpjkiwnh1k437l6r2pk00fq 0 234579 1542172 2026-05-13T19:14:40Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kondwani Nankhumwa''' (amezaliwa 3 Julai 1978) <ref>{{Citation|title=DPP Convention: Nankhumwa, Uladi emerge winners|url=https://www.mbc.mw/index.php/component/k2/item/6550-dpp-convention-nankhumwa-uladi-win-regional-vice-presidencies|language=en-gb|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref>ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa katika serikali ya chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) chini ya Rais Peter Mutharik...' 1542172 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kondwani Nankhumwa''' (amezaliwa 3 Julai 1978) <ref>{{Citation|title=DPP Convention: Nankhumwa, Uladi emerge winners|url=https://www.mbc.mw/index.php/component/k2/item/6550-dpp-convention-nankhumwa-uladi-win-regional-vice-presidencies|language=en-gb|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref>ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa katika serikali ya chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) chini ya Rais Peter Mutharika. Mwaka 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa [[Rais]] wa DPP kanda ya kusini mwa Malawi baada ya kufukuzwa kwa George Chaponda kutokana na tuhuma za kashfa ya “Maize-gate”. == Kazi == Mwaka 2020, baada ya DPP kushindwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu, Nankhumwa aliteuliwa kuwa Kiongozi wa Upinzani katika National Assembly of Malawi. Mwaka 2024 alifukuzwa katika DPP, lakini kulikuwa na pingamizi la mahakama lililozuia kuondolewa kwake mara moja. Baadaye alianzisha chama cha People's Development Party. Mwaka 2025 alitangaza nia ya kugombea nafasi ya Spika wa [[Bunge]] la Malawi, lakini alizuiwa kushiriki baada ya idadi ya wagombea kuzidi kiwango kinachoruhusiwa na kanuni za bunge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nankhumwa Disqualified as Four Candidates Make the Final Cut|url=https://www.maravipost.com/nankhumwa-disqualified-as-four-candidates-make-the-final-cut/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2025-10-29|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Dorica Mtenje}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] dma55c3k3460e3tu20msd3xggj84kp6 1542205 1542172 2026-05-13T19:48:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kondwani Nankhumwa''' (amezaliwa 3 Julai 1978) <ref>{{Citation|title=DPP Convention: Nankhumwa, Uladi emerge winners|url=https://www.mbc.mw/index.php/component/k2/item/6550-dpp-convention-nankhumwa-uladi-win-regional-vice-presidencies|language=en-gb|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref>ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa katika serikali ya chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) chini ya Rais Peter Mutharika. Mwaka 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa [[Rais]] wa DPP kanda ya kusini mwa Malawi baada ya kufukuzwa kwa George Chaponda kutokana na tuhuma za kashfa ya “Maize-gate”. == Kazi == Mwaka 2020, baada ya DPP kushindwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu, Nankhumwa aliteuliwa kuwa Kiongozi wa Upinzani katika National Assembly of Malawi. Mwaka 2024 alifukuzwa katika DPP, lakini kulikuwa na pingamizi la mahakama lililozuia kuondolewa kwake mara moja. Baadaye alianzisha chama cha People's Development Party. Mwaka 2025 alitangaza nia ya kugombea nafasi ya Spika wa [[Bunge]] la Malawi, lakini alizuiwa kushiriki baada ya idadi ya wagombea kuzidi kiwango kinachoruhusiwa na kanuni za bunge.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nankhumwa Disqualified as Four Candidates Make the Final Cut|url=https://www.maravipost.com/nankhumwa-disqualified-as-four-candidates-make-the-final-cut/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2025-10-29|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Dorica Mtenje}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] j3dlzv2cekhtjdzui8hzhe2wiwsdz9c 1542575 1542205 2026-05-14T08:47:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kondwani Nankhumwa''' (amezaliwa 3 Julai 1978) <ref>{{Citation|title=DPP Convention: Nankhumwa, Uladi emerge winners|url=https://www.mbc.mw/index.php/component/k2/item/6550-dpp-convention-nankhumwa-uladi-win-regional-vice-presidencies|language=en-gb|access-date=2026-05-13}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa katika serikali ya chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) chini ya Rais Peter Mutharika. Mwaka 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa [[Rais]] wa DPP kanda ya kusini mwa Malawi baada ya kufukuzwa kwa George Chaponda kutokana na tuhuma za kashfa ya “Maize-gate”. == Kazi == Mwaka 2020, baada ya DPP kushindwa katika [[uchaguzi]] mkuu, Nankhumwa aliteuliwa kuwa Kiongozi wa Upinzani katika National Assembly of Malawi. Mwaka 2024 alifukuzwa katika DPP, lakini kulikuwa na pingamizi la mahakama lililozuia kuondolewa kwake mara moja. Baadaye alianzisha chama cha People's Development Party. Mwaka 2025 alitangaza nia ya kugombea nafasi ya Spika wa [[Bunge]] la Malawi, lakini alizuiwa kushiriki baada ya idadi ya wagombea kuzidi kiwango kinachoruhusiwa na kanuni za bunge.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nankhumwa Disqualified as Four Candidates Make the Final Cut|url=https://www.maravipost.com/nankhumwa-disqualified-as-four-candidates-make-the-final-cut/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2025-10-29|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Dorica Mtenje}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] 0794kngauesd8bt27xiz7r2o661qish 0 234580 1542174 2026-05-13T19:15:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa wazir...' 1542174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria do Carmo Seabra''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1955) ni mwanasiasa na mwanataaluma wa [[Ureno]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Elimu** katika serikali ya XVI ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Pedro Santana Lopes]] kati ya mwaka 2004 na 2005. == Wasifu na Taaluma == Seabra alizaliwa mjini [[Lisbon]]. Alihitimu shahada ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon (Nova SBE), ambapo baadaye alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD). Kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa waziri, alijipatia sifa kama mtaalamu wa uchumi na usimamizi wa umma. Pia alifanya kazi kama Rais wa Bodi ya Utendaji ya taasisi ya udhibiti wa mawasiliano nchini Ureno (inayojulikana sasa kama [[ANACOM]]) kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 2002, ambapo alisimamia mageuzi makubwa ya soko la mawasiliano nchini humo. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Mnamo Julai 2024, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Elimu. Ingawa alihudumu kwa kipindi cha miezi michache tu hadi mnamo Machi 2005, alijaribu kuanzisha mfumo wa tathmini ya utendaji wa walimu. Baada ya kuondoka serikalini, alirejea katika shughuli za ualimu kama profesa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.novasbe.unl.pt/en/faculty/maria-do-carmo-seabra Wasifu wa kitaaluma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Nova SBE] * [https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc16/governo/ministros/educacao/maria-do-carmo-seabra.aspx Ukurasa rasmi wa kihistoria wa Serikali ya Ureno] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||Seabra, Maria do Carmo}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] dmdgog4bxd18s951ivl8u7o72562zdi 0 234581 1542175 2026-05-13T19:16:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dora Marie Sigar''' (21 Septemba 1919 – 23 Desemba 2008) alikuwa muuguzi, mwanaharakati, na mama wa nyumbani kutoka Indonesia. Alijulikana zaidi kama mama wa Prabowo Subianto, rais wa nane wa [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Sigar alizaliwa tarehe 21 Septemba 1919 huko Langowan, Minahasa Regency, akiwa binti wa Philip Frederik Laurens Sigar (1885–1946), afisa wa serikali na mwanachama wa Volksraad, na Cornelie Emilia Maengkom (1888–1946). Wot...' 1542175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dora Marie Sigar''' (21 Septemba 1919 – 23 Desemba 2008) alikuwa muuguzi, mwanaharakati, na mama wa nyumbani kutoka Indonesia. Alijulikana zaidi kama mama wa Prabowo Subianto, rais wa nane wa [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Sigar alizaliwa tarehe 21 Septemba 1919 huko Langowan, Minahasa Regency, akiwa binti wa Philip Frederik Laurens Sigar (1885–1946), afisa wa serikali na mwanachama wa Volksraad, na Cornelie Emilia Maengkom (1888–1946). Wote walitoka katika familia za watumishi wa serikali. Sigar alikuwa na asili ya Waminahasa na pia ya Kijerumani.<ref name="Okefinance">{{cite web|last=Safira|first=Zahra Indah|date=29 Oktoba 2024|url=[https://economy.okezone.com/read/2024/10/29/320/3080207/ini-pekerjaan-dan-karier-dora-marie-sigar-sosok-ibu-prabowo-subianto|title=Ini](https://economy.okezone.com/read/2024/10/29/320/3080207/ini-pekerjaan-dan-karier-dora-marie-sigar-sosok-ibu-prabowo-subianto|title=Ini) Pekerjaan dan Karier Dora Marie Sigar, Sosok Ibu Prabowo Subianto|website=Okefinance|language=id|access-date=29 Desemba 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] dpfb5ep2dbgqfrsmpuu064xcs3u3jqp 0 234582 1542182 2026-05-13T19:19:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-n...' 1542182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-nova-ministra-cultura-2085230 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961||Rodrigues, Dalila}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 28ip6j9dr9ergc9brk2g27egph6tdz5 1542582 1542182 2026-05-14T09:40:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542582 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-nova-ministra-cultura-2085230 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961||Rodrigues, Dalila}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 41x7jpo4hvyhogb0ky0z2wgyxuerum9 0 234583 1542184 2026-05-13T19:20:43Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madiaba''' ilikuwa ni densi ya nchi ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo iliyokuwepo miaka ya 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Loketo's African Rhythm|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73901543.html?dids=73901543:73901543&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=SEP+29,+1989&author=Alona+Wartofsky&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Loketo's+African+Rhythm+&+Moves&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 1bhhfzstcc2bvwpkpqb6ieqf9zohg2z 1542217 1542184 2026-05-13T19:59:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madiaba''' ilikuwa ni densi ya nchi ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo iliyokuwepo miaka ya 1980.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Loketo's African Rhythm|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73901543.html?dids=73901543:73901543&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=SEP+29,+1989&author=Alona+Wartofsky&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Loketo's+African+Rhythm+&+Moves&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] 5gtzl9thbagx3k8s77f29xqkd9ngd6v 1542671 1542217 2026-05-14T11:43:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542671 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madiaba''' ilikuwa ni densi ya nchi ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo iliyokuwepo miaka ya 1980.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Loketo's African Rhythm|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73901543.html?dids=73901543:73901543&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=SEP+29,+1989&author=Alona+Wartofsky&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Loketo's+African+Rhythm+&+Moves&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] k63wfyw0cw916gnsd2c83zhkrxvtawf 0 234584 1542185 2026-05-13T19:24:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye aalifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-...' 1542185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye aalifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-nova-ministra-cultura-2085230 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961||Rodrigues, Dalila}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bbgc9c1rcztbxe2w0ewly2qt5ldri3c 1542598 1542185 2026-05-14T09:49:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542598 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Dalila Aguiar Rodrigues''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1961) ni mwanahistoria wa sanaa na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye aalifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]] tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Queirós |first=Luís Miguel |date=2024-03-28 |title=Dalila Rodrigues é a nova ministra da Cultura |url=https://www.publico.pt/2024/03/28/culturaipsilon/noticia/dalila-rodrigues-nova-ministra-cultura-2085230 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961||Rodrigues, Dalila}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rfdsylwnuytpkuilki5rh57869rsjbv 0 234585 1542187 2026-05-13T19:26:29Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hashim Sujono Djojohadikusumo''' (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1953) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ni mdogo wa Rais wa Indonesia Prabowo Subianto. Mwaka 2014 alihesabiwa kuwa miongoni mwa mabilionea, na kufikia Desemba 2020 jarida la ''[[Forbes]]'' lilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola milioni 800.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hashim Djojohadikusumo |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/hashim-djojohadikusumo/ |access-date=2024-10-10 |website=Forb...' 1542187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hashim Sujono Djojohadikusumo''' (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1953) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ni mdogo wa Rais wa Indonesia Prabowo Subianto. Mwaka 2014 alihesabiwa kuwa miongoni mwa mabilionea, na kufikia Desemba 2020 jarida la ''[[Forbes]]'' lilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola milioni 800.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hashim Djojohadikusumo |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/hashim-djojohadikusumo/ |access-date=2024-10-10 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Djojohadikusumo, Hashim Sujono}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5smj4j87yqty52oplstm35gtyumiiku 1542623 1542187 2026-05-14T10:07:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542623 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hashim Sujono Djojohadikusumo''' (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1953) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ni mdogo wa Rais wa Indonesia Prabowo Subianto. Mwaka 2014 alihesabiwa kuwa miongoni mwa mabilionea, na kufikia Desemba 2020 jarida la ''[[Forbes]]'' lilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola milioni 800.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Hashim Djojohadikusumo |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/hashim-djojohadikusumo/ |access-date=2024-10-10 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Djojohadikusumo, Hashim Sujono}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bmksvjq7gzed4wo8f3sxhw5lill41v6 0 234586 1542189 2026-05-13T19:29:04Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Russell Goldencloud Weiner''' (Alizaliwa [[Februari 15]], [[1970]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]], na anajihusisha na uchangishaji fedha za siasa. Yeye ni mwanzilishi wa Rockstar Energy Drink. Baba yake ni mtangazaji maarufu wa redio Michael Savage. Kufikia Januari 2025, utajiri wake unakadiriwa kuwa dola za [[Marekani]] bilioni 5.4. <ref name="NYT 2006">{{cite news|last=Burros|first=Marian|title=In Oregon, Thinking Local|url=https...' 1542189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Russell Goldencloud Weiner''' (Alizaliwa [[Februari 15]], [[1970]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]], na anajihusisha na uchangishaji fedha za siasa. Yeye ni mwanzilishi wa Rockstar Energy Drink. Baba yake ni mtangazaji maarufu wa redio Michael Savage. Kufikia Januari 2025, utajiri wake unakadiriwa kuwa dola za [[Marekani]] bilioni 5.4. <ref name="NYT 2006">{{cite news|last=Burros|first=Marian|title=In Oregon, Thinking Local|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/04/dining/04well.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all|accessdate=July 9, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 4, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=de la Viña|first=Mark|title=The man behind the 'Savage Nation'|url=http://www.bayarea.com/mld/mercurynews/entertainment/television/6336570.htm|newspaper=San Jose Mercury News|date=July 20, 2003|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030725033955/http://www.bayarea.com/mld/mercurynews/entertainment/television/6336570.htm|archivedate=July 25, 2003}}</ref><ref>[https://www.jta.org/2015/03/02/news-opinion/the-telegraph/forbes-billionaires-list-features-new-and-old-jewish-faces Jewish Telegraph Agency: "Forbes’ billionaires list features new and old Jewish faces" By Gabe Friedman] March 2, 2015</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jyh7d3hmhnl78w8zwgurp8fknh8p94w 0 234587 1542190 2026-05-13T19:29:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Isabel Drago Lobato''' (alizaliwa 28 Agosti 1975, mjini [[Lisbon]]) ni mwanasoshiojia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Ureno]] wa chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (BE).<ref name="auto">''Parlamento.pt: Deputados e Grupos Parlamentares'' [http://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=1941 "Ana Drago / Partido: BE"]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Drago, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] Jamii...' 1542190 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Isabel Drago Lobato''' (alizaliwa 28 Agosti 1975, mjini [[Lisbon]]) ni mwanasoshiojia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Ureno]] wa chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (BE).<ref name="auto">''Parlamento.pt: Deputados e Grupos Parlamentares'' [http://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=1941 "Ana Drago / Partido: BE"]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Drago, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 11oi9s73o65s87vugxvk7ofcxk2p75h 0 234588 1542191 2026-05-13T19:29:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dharma Pongrekun''' (alizaliwa 12 Januari 1966) ni afisa mstaafu wa polisi wa [[Indonesia]] mwenye cheo cha jenerali wa nyota tatu, mchambuzi, mhubiri wa injili, mtu wa vyombo vya habari, na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa National Cyber and Crypto Agency kuanzia 17 Julai 2019 hadi 7 Oktoba 2021 chini ya uongozi wa Hinsa Siburian. Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbili katika Criminal Investigation Agency mwaka 2015 na 2016. Alistaafu k...' 1542191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dharma Pongrekun''' (alizaliwa 12 Januari 1966) ni afisa mstaafu wa polisi wa [[Indonesia]] mwenye cheo cha jenerali wa nyota tatu, mchambuzi, mhubiri wa injili, mtu wa vyombo vya habari, na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa National Cyber and Crypto Agency kuanzia 17 Julai 2019 hadi 7 Oktoba 2021 chini ya uongozi wa Hinsa Siburian. Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbili katika Criminal Investigation Agency mwaka 2015 na 2016. Alistaafu kutoka jeshi la polisi mwaka 2024. Pia aligombea katika 2024 Jakarta gubernatorial election akiwa na Kun Wardana Abyoto, ambaye ni msomi.<ref name="kumparanprofil">{{Cite web|title=Profil Dharma Pongrekun, Bacagub DKI via Jalur Perseorangan|url=[https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/profil-dharma-pongrekun-bacagub-dki-via-jalur-perseorangan-22j3XqTeXa6|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=}}](https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/profil-dharma-pongrekun-bacagub-dki-via-jalur-perseorangan-22j3XqTeXa6|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gb4u4tjscx3kna7t03m7b85hycjljdh 1542587 1542191 2026-05-14T09:43:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542587 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dharma Pongrekun''' (alizaliwa 12 Januari 1966) ni afisa mstaafu wa polisi wa [[Indonesia]] mwenye cheo cha jenerali wa nyota tatu, mchambuzi, mhubiri wa injili, mtu wa vyombo vya habari, na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Naibu Mkuu wa National Cyber and Crypto Agency kuanzia 17 Julai 2019 hadi 7 Oktoba 2021 chini ya uongozi wa Hinsa Siburian. Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbili katika Criminal Investigation Agency mwaka 2015 na 2016. Alistaafu kutoka jeshi la polisi mwaka 2024. Pia aligombea katika 2024 Jakarta gubernatorial election akiwa na Kun Wardana Abyoto, ambaye ni msomi.<ref name="kumparanprofil">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Profil Dharma Pongrekun, Bacagub DKI via Jalur Perseorangan|url=[https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/profil-dharma-pongrekun-bacagub-dki-via-jalur-perseorangan-22j3XqTeXa6|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=}}](https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/profil-dharma-pongrekun-bacagub-dki-via-jalur-perseorangan-22j3XqTeXa6|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kvj75mktaiynb1o6mgufnocno35tnqd 0 234589 1542193 2026-05-13T19:33:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Theodore Richard Stanley''' ([[Aprili 26]], [[1931]] – [[Januari 3]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mjasiriamali]] na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Alianzisha Danbury Mint pamoja na mshirika wake Ralph Glendinning. Alitoa zaidi ya dola milioni 850 kwa utafiti wa matibabu.<ref name="Roberts 2016">{{cite web | last=Roberts | first=Sam | title=Ted Stanley, Whose Son's Illness Inspired Philanthropy, Dies at 84 | website=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 8, 2016...' 1542193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Theodore Richard Stanley''' ([[Aprili 26]], [[1931]] – [[Januari 3]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mjasiriamali]] na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Alianzisha Danbury Mint pamoja na mshirika wake Ralph Glendinning. Alitoa zaidi ya dola milioni 850 kwa utafiti wa matibabu.<ref name="Roberts 2016">{{cite web | last=Roberts | first=Sam | title=Ted Stanley, Whose Son's Illness Inspired Philanthropy, Dies at 84 | website=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 8, 2016 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/07/us/ted-stanley-medical-philanthropist-dies-at-84.html | accessdate=January 15, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Zimmer Carey 2014">{{cite web | last1=Zimmer | first1=Carl | last2=Carey | first2=Benedict | title=A $650 Million Donation for Psychiatric Research | website=The New York Times | date=July 21, 2014 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/22/science/650-million-psychiatric-research.html | accessdate=January 15, 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] 02f59a2otajicoksyogsnq65x8brv5o 0 234590 1542195 2026-05-13T19:38:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rr. Alberthiene Endah Kusumawardhani Hilaul-Sutoyo''' (16 Septemba), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Alberthiene Endah''', ni mwandishi wa wasifu, mwandishi wa riwaya, na mwandishi wa habari kutoka Indonesia. Anajulikana kwa kuandika wasifu wa kina wa watu mashuhuri wa Indonesia, kama vile Chrisye na Krisdayanti. Ametajwa kama “mwandishi wa wasifu anayehitajika zaidi nchini Indonesia.”<ref name="Titik"/> == Wasifu == Endah alizaliwa mjini [[Bandung]],...' 1542195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rr. Alberthiene Endah Kusumawardhani Hilaul-Sutoyo''' (16 Septemba), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Alberthiene Endah''', ni mwandishi wa wasifu, mwandishi wa riwaya, na mwandishi wa habari kutoka Indonesia. Anajulikana kwa kuandika wasifu wa kina wa watu mashuhuri wa Indonesia, kama vile Chrisye na Krisdayanti. Ametajwa kama “mwandishi wa wasifu anayehitajika zaidi nchini Indonesia.”<ref name="Titik"/> == Wasifu == Endah alizaliwa mjini [[Bandung]], West Java, lakini alikulia [[Depok]]. Alipenda uandishi tangu akiwa mdogo, na aliamua kuwa mwandishi wa habari akiwa bado shule ya sekondari ya chini.<ref name="Malik">Malik, Candra. "[[http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084](http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084) My Jakarta: Writer Alberthiene Endah] {{Webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100719001516/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084](https://web.archive.org/web/20100719001516/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084) |date=19 Julai 2010 }}" ''[[The Jakarta Globe]]''. 23 Agosti 2009.</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu shule ya sekondari ya juu, alisomea fasihi ya Kiholanzi katika Universitas Indonesia.<ref name="Titik">Kurniasari, Titik. "[[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html) Alberthiene Endah: Life, She wrote] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121010151047/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20121010151047/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html) |date=10 Oktoba 2012 }}" ''[[The Jakarta Post]]''. 22 Novemba 2009.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8gm65sx7ot5sx205jgmykgjc5v4e376 0 234591 1542196 2026-05-13T19:38:59Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luc Atrokpo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanasheria]] wa Benin. Alihudumu kama meya wa Bohicon kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2020,[1] na kwa sasa amekuwa meya wa Cotonou tangu Juni 2020.[2]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Luc Atrokpo, l’homme qui rêve de transformer Cotonou|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/1059958/politique/luc-atrokpo-lhomme-qui-reve-de-transformer-cotonou/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ibdyo9lgtndfc2q3mepzbw8ppxtsfdw 1542212 1542196 2026-05-13T19:56:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luc Atrokpo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanasheria]] wa Benin. Alihudumu kama meya wa Bohicon kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2020,[1] na kwa sasa amekuwa meya wa Cotonou tangu Juni 2020.[2]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Luc Atrokpo, l’homme qui rêve de transformer Cotonou|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/1059958/politique/luc-atrokpo-lhomme-qui-reve-de-transformer-cotonou/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cywxqbihpdwu18gf0y2opy64td442fu 0 234592 1542197 2026-05-13T19:40:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marina Sola Gonçalves''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Makazi** katika serikali ya XXIII ya Ureno kuanzia mwaka 2023 hadi 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-02 |title=João Galamba and Marina Gonçalves take office on Wednesday |url=https://westobserver.com/news/europe/joao-galamba-and-marina-goncalves-take-office-on-wednesday/ |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=West Observer |language=en-US}}...' 1542197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Sola Gonçalves''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Makazi** katika serikali ya XXIII ya Ureno kuanzia mwaka 2023 hadi 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-02 |title=João Galamba and Marina Gonçalves take office on Wednesday |url=https://westobserver.com/news/europe/joao-galamba-and-marina-goncalves-take-office-on-wednesday/ |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=West Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Wakati wa kuteuliwa kwake, alikuwa waziri mdogo zaidi katika historia ya siasa za Ureno.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-02 |title=Marina Gonçalves is the youngest minister in the history of Portuguese politics |url=https://www.moveaveiro.pt/en/marina-goncalves-est-la-plus-jeune-ministre-de-lhistoire-de-la-politique-portugaise |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=MoveAveiro |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Goncalves, Marina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f0noyj2lcx61a138xl44b654j2nzsfs 1542224 1542197 2026-05-13T20:06:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Sola Gonçalves''' (alizaliwa 23 Aprili 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Makazi** katika serikali ya XXIII ya Ureno kuanzia mwaka 2023 hadi 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-01-02 |title=João Galamba and Marina Gonçalves take office on Wednesday |url=https://westobserver.com/news/europe/joao-galamba-and-marina-goncalves-take-office-on-wednesday/ |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=West Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> Wakati wa kuteuliwa kwake, alikuwa waziri mdogo zaidi katika historia ya siasa za Ureno.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-01-02 |title=Marina Gonçalves is the youngest minister in the history of Portuguese politics |url=https://www.moveaveiro.pt/en/marina-goncalves-est-la-plus-jeune-ministre-de-lhistoire-de-la-politique-portugaise |access-date=2023-02-05 |website=MoveAveiro |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Goncalves, Marina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iq34n634fvhlttw70bj08upjr31iubr 0 234593 1542198 2026-05-13T19:41:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Harry Weinberg''' ([[1908]] – [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye alianzisha ''The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Foundation Inc.'', taasisi ya kutoa misaada ya kibinafsi, yenye zaidi ya dola bilioni 2 za mali mwaka [[2018]] yenye makao yake makuu Owings Mills, [[Maryland]] na [[Honolulu, Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite book |title= Rutledge Unionism: Labor Relations in the Honolulu Transit Industry |author= Bernard W. Stern |pu...' 1542198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harry Weinberg''' ([[1908]] – [[1990]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye alianzisha ''The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Foundation Inc.'', taasisi ya kutoa misaada ya kibinafsi, yenye zaidi ya dola bilioni 2 za mali mwaka [[2018]] yenye makao yake makuu Owings Mills, [[Maryland]] na [[Honolulu, Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite book |title= Rutledge Unionism: Labor Relations in the Honolulu Transit Industry |author= Bernard W. Stern |publisher= University of Hawai'i, Center for Labor Education & Research |year= 1986 |chapter= Part III: The Weinberg Era |url= http://www.hawaii.edu/uhwo/clear/Pubs/RutledgeUnionism.html#P3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |newspaper= The [[New York Times]] |author= Glenn Fowler |date=November 6, 1990 |title= Harry Weinberg, 82, Businessman In Transit and Real Estate, Is Dead |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/06/obituaries/harry-weinberg-82-businessman-in-transit-and-real-estate-is-dead.html |accessdate= November 15, 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1908]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] rz0fv7cnpnfbfvmqkuposj0odwptgwg 0 234594 1542199 2026-05-13T19:41:58Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frank Tumpale''' Mwenifumbo ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Afya nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref>...' 1542199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Tumpale''' Mwenifumbo ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Afya nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 0m0olns23xxk4umqru91soos861ha72 1542613 1542199 2026-05-14T09:57:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542613 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Tumpale''' Mwenifumbo ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Afya nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 3wh0sbqa1qw513habvbpfmau6pjvf39 0 234595 1542200 2026-05-13T19:42:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Julie Estelle Gasnier''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1989), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Julie Estelle''', ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anajulikana kimataifa kwa nafasi zake katika filamu za slasher na filamu za sanaa ya mapigano, kama Ladya katika ''Macabre'' (2009), Hammer Girl katika ''The Raid 2'' (2014), na The Operator katika ''The Night Comes for Us'' (2018). Alishinda tuzo ya Best New Actress katika Jackie Chan Action Movie Awards...' 1542200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Julie Estelle Gasnier''' (alizaliwa 4 Januari 1989), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Julie Estelle''', ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anajulikana kimataifa kwa nafasi zake katika filamu za slasher na filamu za sanaa ya mapigano, kama Ladya katika ''Macabre'' (2009), Hammer Girl katika ''The Raid 2'' (2014), na The Operator katika ''The Night Comes for Us'' (2018). Alishinda tuzo ya Best New Actress katika Jackie Chan Action Movie Awards za 2015. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Julie Estelle alizaliwa tarehe 4 Januari 1989, [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]], kwa mama Mindonesia na baba wa Kifaransa na Marekani. Alihitimu katika Lycée International Français de Jakarta akijikita katika masomo ya biashara.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://en.vivanews.com/news/read/4774-julie_estelle_stop_lawan_kuntilanak|title=Julie Estelle Stop Lawan Kuntilanak|last=Maharrani|first=Anindhita|author2=Gestina Rachmawati|date=October 3, 2008|language=Indonesian|accessdate=February 27, 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130205200043/http://en.vivanews.com/news/read/4774-julie_estelle_stop_lawan_kuntilanak|archivedate=February 5, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Estelle, Julie}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [ pwql4vbytt4rf4k3e0150nmben3vznq 0 234596 1542201 2026-05-13T19:44:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kiki Fatmala''' (14 Agosti 1967 – 1 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alipata umaarufu baada ya kuigiza kama Mariam katika kipindi cha tamthilia cha ''Mariam Si Manis Jembatan Ancol 2'' kilichorushwa na Indosiar mwaka 1995. == Maisha binafsi == Kiki Fatmala aliolewa na Christian Froeschl, lakini baadaye walitalikiana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Liputan6.com |date=2020-12-31 |title=6 Potret Kiki Fatmala dengan Suami Baru Usai 14 Tahun Me...' 1542201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kiki Fatmala''' (14 Agosti 1967 – 1 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alipata umaarufu baada ya kuigiza kama Mariam katika kipindi cha tamthilia cha ''Mariam Si Manis Jembatan Ancol 2'' kilichorushwa na Indosiar mwaka 1995. == Maisha binafsi == Kiki Fatmala aliolewa na Christian Froeschl, lakini baadaye walitalikiana.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Liputan6.com |date=2020-12-31 |title=6 Potret Kiki Fatmala dengan Suami Baru Usai 14 Tahun Menjanda |url=[https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda](https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda) |access-date=1 Desemba 2023 |website=liputan6.com |language=id |archive-date=2 Desemba 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231202030349/https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda](https://web.archive.org/web/20231202030349/https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] iz2bsoo1e6b5tdtndpesm1hwks4v5j3 1542634 1542201 2026-05-14T10:39:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542634 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kiki Fatmala''' (14 Agosti 1967 – 1 Desemba 2023) alikuwa mwigizaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alipata umaarufu baada ya kuigiza kama Mariam katika kipindi cha tamthilia cha ''Mariam Si Manis Jembatan Ancol 2'' kilichorushwa na Indosiar mwaka 1995. == Maisha binafsi == Kiki Fatmala aliolewa na Christian Froeschl, lakini baadaye walitalikiana.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Liputan6.com |date=2020-12-31 |title=6 Potret Kiki Fatmala dengan Suami Baru Usai 14 Tahun Menjanda |url=[https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda](https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda) |access-date=1 Desemba 2023 |website=liputan6.com |language=id |archive-date=2 Desemba 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231202030349/https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda](https://web.archive.org/web/20231202030349/https://www.liputan6.com/hot/read/4446403/6-potret-kiki-fatmala-dengan-suami-baru-usai-14-tahun-menjanda) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] eb72rnnua0zawi7gwvt5nzuzozotdht 0 234597 1542202 2026-05-13T19:45:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Cecília Vicente Duarte Honório''' (alizaliwa 1 Julai 1962) ni mwanataaluma na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]]. Alihudumu kama mbunge katika [[Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno]] kwa kipindi cha miaka kumi, kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2015, akiwakilisha chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (Bloco de Esquerda). == Wasifu na Elimu == Honório alihitimu shahada ya kwanza katika Historia na baadaye akapata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika Historia ya Kisasa kuto...' 1542202 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Cecília Vicente Duarte Honório''' (alizaliwa 1 Julai 1962) ni mwanataaluma na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]]. Alihudumu kama mbunge katika [[Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno]] kwa kipindi cha miaka kumi, kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2015, akiwakilisha chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (Bloco de Esquerda). == Wasifu na Elimu == Honório alihitimu shahada ya kwanza katika Historia na baadaye akapata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika Historia ya Kisasa kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Nova cha Lisbon. Kitaaluma, yeye ni profesa na mtafiti ambaye amejikita katika masuala ya historia ya kisiasa na kijamii ya Ureno. == Kazi ya Kisiasa == Cecília Honório alikuwa mmoja wa wanachama wenye ushawishi mkubwa ndani ya chama cha Left Bloc (BE): * **Bunge la Jamhuri:** Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza bungeni mwaka 2005 na kuchaguliwa tena katika chaguzi zilizofuata hadi mwaka 2015. Wakati wa utumishi wake, alikuwa mjumbe wa Kamati ya Elimu, Sayansi, na Utamaduni. * **Mchango:** Alijulikana kwa utetezi wake wa haki za kiraia, usawa wa kijinsia, na ulinzi wa huduma za umma, hasa katika sekta ya elimu na utamaduni. Pia alikuwa sauti thabiti katika mijadala kuhusu haki za wanawake na uhuru wa kijinsia. == Maisha ya Baadaye == Baada ya kumaliza muda wake bungeni mwaka 2015, alirejea katika shughuli za kitaaluma na utafiti. Anaendelea kuchangia katika mijadala ya kijamii nchini Ureno kupitia maandishi na ushiriki katika harakati mbalimbali za kiraia. == Marejeo == <ref name="parlamento">{{cite web |url=https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=2101 |title=Biografia: Cecília Honório |publisher=Assembleia da República |language=pt |accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> <ref name="ces">{{cite web |url=https://www.ces.uc.pt/pt/ces/pessoas/investigadores-associados/cecilia-honorio |title=Cecília Honório - Centro de Estudos Sociais |publisher=Universidade de Coimbra |language=pt |accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962||Honorio, Cecilia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6w6d74hwyb3pfhcsieq8ob10ic9v3am 0 234598 1542203 2026-05-13T19:47:19Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yusuf Mwawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Elimu na Rasilimali Watu nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi [[Juni]] 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref>...' 1542203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Mwawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Elimu na Rasilimali Watu nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi [[Juni]] 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 4t3qe0hdw9lcub5rrm17cfi55g41pze 1542343 1542203 2026-05-13T22:08:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Mwawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Elimu na Rasilimali Watu nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi [[Juni]] 2004.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 10hcvibhmry8dxw9l5jyyw2batlegym 0 234599 1542204 2026-05-13T19:47:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Korintus Koliopas Fingkreuw''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Korinus Fingkreuw''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1983), ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Fingkreuw alisaini kwa Persipura Jayapura mwaka 2004 baada ya kupitia mfumo wao wa vijana. Pia amewahi kufanya kazi na kikosi cha vijana wa chini ya miaka 21 cha Indonesia. Mwaka 2006 alihamia Sriwijaya FC pamoja na kocha wake Rahmad Darmawan. Mwaka 2009 alisaini na Persebaya Su...' 1542204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Korintus Koliopas Fingkreuw''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Korinus Fingkreuw''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1983), ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Fingkreuw alisaini kwa Persipura Jayapura mwaka 2004 baada ya kupitia mfumo wao wa vijana. Pia amewahi kufanya kazi na kikosi cha vijana wa chini ya miaka 21 cha Indonesia. Mwaka 2006 alihamia Sriwijaya FC pamoja na kocha wake Rahmad Darmawan. Mwaka 2009 alisaini na Persebaya Surabaya. Moja ya matukio yake muhimu ilikuwa katika fainali ya Liga Indonesia ya 2005, ambapo alifunga bao katika kipindi cha pili na kusaidia kufanya mchezo kuwa sare 2–2 dhidi ya Persija Jakarta. Mchezo uliendelea hadi muda wa nyongeza, ambapo Persipura walifunga tena na kushinda ubingwa wa Liga Indonesia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Persipura Optimistis Taklukan Persija |url=http://www.antara.co.id/print/?i=1199870738 |work=[[Antara (news agency)|Antara]] |date=2008-01-09 |accessdate=2008-05-20 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasoka}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fingkreuw, Korinus}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o6i35009jqi8pl8vzcw14axzurso1u5 0 234600 1542207 2026-05-13T19:50:01Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542207 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin''' '''Dohou''' '''Azonhiho''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]], mzaliwa wa Abomey. Alikuwa waziri wa habari mwenye msimamo mkali, aliyeogopwa sana na mwenye itikadi kali za mrengo wa kushoto katika serikali ya Mathieu Kérékou kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1982. Inaelezwa kuwa alihusika katika mauaji ya mwaka 1975 ya mpinzani wake mkuu serikalini, Meja Michel Aikpé.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Martin Dohou Azonhiho|url=https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/2028|work=islam.zmo.de|date=2017|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Benin]] 5n71fc57dsc0lb1xsq7p7w3voakad4q 1542229 1542207 2026-05-13T20:07:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin''' '''Dohou''' '''Azonhiho''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]], mzaliwa wa Abomey. Alikuwa waziri wa habari mwenye msimamo mkali, aliyeogopwa sana na mwenye itikadi kali za mrengo wa kushoto katika serikali ya Mathieu Kérékou kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1982. Inaelezwa kuwa alihusika katika mauaji ya mwaka 1975 ya mpinzani wake mkuu serikalini, Meja Michel Aikpé.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Martin Dohou Azonhiho|url=https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/2028|work=islam.zmo.de|date=2017|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Benin]] hjyn7iz1l0zgsvvrv2o075jendjfptv 0 234601 1542208 2026-05-13T19:50:45Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Glenn Fredly Deviano Latuihamallo''' (30 Septemba 1975 – 8 Aprili 2020), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Glenn Fredly''', alikuwa mwimbaji wa [[R&B]] kutoka [[Indonesia]], mtunzi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki, na mwigizaji. Aliingia kwenye tasnia ya muziki baada ya kushinda shindano la uimbaji mwaka 1995, na baadaye akatoa zaidi ya albamu 10. Pia alilea na kusaidia wasanii chipukizi kama mwimbaji wa kike Yura na msanii wa solo Gilbert Pohan. Alizalish...' 1542208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Glenn Fredly Deviano Latuihamallo''' (30 Septemba 1975 – 8 Aprili 2020), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Glenn Fredly''', alikuwa mwimbaji wa [[R&B]] kutoka [[Indonesia]], mtunzi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki, na mwigizaji. Aliingia kwenye tasnia ya muziki baada ya kushinda shindano la uimbaji mwaka 1995, na baadaye akatoa zaidi ya albamu 10. Pia alilea na kusaidia wasanii chipukizi kama mwimbaji wa kike Yura na msanii wa solo Gilbert Pohan. Alizalisha filamu ''Cahaya Dari Timur: Beta Maluku'', na mwaka 2013 alikuwa kocha katika kipindi cha ''The Voice Indonesia''. == Maisha ya awali == Latuihamallo alizaliwa mjini Jakarta tarehe 30 Septemba 1975 kwa wazazi Hengky na Linda Latuihamallo. Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watano. Alikuwa na asili ya Visiwa vya Maluku.<ref>{{Cite web | last = Yudo | first = Aji | title = Glenn Fredly Menjadi Produser Album Maluku Hip-Hop Community | work = [[Rolling Stone]] | date = 11 Juni 2011 | url = [http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community](http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community) | access-date = 7 Septemba 2011 | archive-url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20110517214210/http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community](https://web.archive.org/web/20110517214210/http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community) | archive-date = 17 Mei 2011 | url-status = dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] dbl7s15ct3qbrj5p06omd78zwynf93b 1542620 1542208 2026-05-14T10:03:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542620 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Glenn Fredly Deviano Latuihamallo''' (30 Septemba 1975 – 8 Aprili 2020), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Glenn Fredly''', alikuwa mwimbaji wa [[R&B]] kutoka [[Indonesia]], mtunzi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki, na mwigizaji. Aliingia kwenye tasnia ya muziki baada ya kushinda shindano la uimbaji mwaka 1995, na baadaye akatoa zaidi ya albamu 10. Pia alilea na kusaidia wasanii chipukizi kama mwimbaji wa kike Yura na msanii wa solo Gilbert Pohan. Alizalisha filamu ''Cahaya Dari Timur: Beta Maluku'', na mwaka 2013 alikuwa kocha katika kipindi cha ''The Voice Indonesia''. == Maisha ya awali == Latuihamallo alizaliwa mjini Jakarta tarehe 30 Septemba 1975 kwa wazazi Hengky na Linda Latuihamallo. Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watano. Alikuwa na asili ya Visiwa vya Maluku.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti | last = Yudo | first = Aji | title = Glenn Fredly Menjadi Produser Album Maluku Hip-Hop Community | work = [[Rolling Stone]] | date = 11 Juni 2011 | url = [http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community](http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community) | access-date = 7 Septemba 2011 | archive-url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20110517214210/http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community](https://web.archive.org/web/20110517214210/http://rollingstone.co.id/read/2011/05/11/125927/1637229/1093/glenn-fredly-menjadi-produser-album-maluku-hip-hop-community) | archive-date = 17 Mei 2011 | url-status = dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] hf33rhy0t5mf5xporri2apu7ssfx3qo 0 234602 1542210 2026-05-13T19:56:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frits Bernhard Mewengkang''' (alizaliwa 28 Agosti 1935) ni msomi na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka Indonesia. Aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa kitivo cha uhandisi katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Indonesia]] kuanzia 1977 hadi 1982, na pia Katibu wa Kurugenzi Kuu ya Elimu ya Juu kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Mewengkang alizaliwa Balikpapan tarehe 28 Agosti 1935. Alisoma uhandisi wa kiraia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia kilichokuwa Bandung, ambacho mwa...' 1542210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frits Bernhard Mewengkang''' (alizaliwa 28 Agosti 1935) ni msomi na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka Indonesia. Aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa kitivo cha uhandisi katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Indonesia]] kuanzia 1977 hadi 1982, na pia Katibu wa Kurugenzi Kuu ya Elimu ya Juu kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Mewengkang alizaliwa Balikpapan tarehe 28 Agosti 1935. Alisoma uhandisi wa kiraia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia kilichokuwa Bandung, ambacho mwaka 1959 kilijitenga na Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia na kuwa Bandung Institute of Technology. Akiwa mwanafunzi, alijiunga na Indonesian Christian Student Movement na kuiwakilisha chuo katika Wiki ya Michezo ya Wanafunzi huko Medan na Surabaya. Alihitimu kama mhandisi mwaka 1964. Akiwa mhadhiri, alihudhuria mafunzo ya kimataifa kama International Hydraulic Course (Delft Engineering Institute), International Defence Management Course (Marekani), semina ya chuma Tokyo, na kongamano la uhandisi la [[UNESCO]] Paris.<ref name=main>{{Cite book|last1=Indrakesuma|last2=Hamdan|first2=Thamrin|last3=Mustafa|first3=Djunaidi|last4=Wiranto|first4=Djoko|last5=Kamidin|first5=M. Ramli|last6=Summarie|title=Sarjana Universitas Indonesia: Kumpulan Biografi Alumni 1981-1982|publisher=Ikatan Lulusan Universitas Indonesia|pages=48}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mewengkang, Frits Bernhard}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ``` prig82uwzi63erxuaoyjxv4n5g9vuye 1542614 1542210 2026-05-14T09:58:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542614 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frits Bernhard Mewengkang''' (alizaliwa 28 Agosti 1935) ni msomi na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka Indonesia. Aliwahi kuwa mkuu wa kitivo cha uhandisi katika Chuo Kikuu cha [[Indonesia]] kuanzia 1977 hadi 1982, na pia Katibu wa Kurugenzi Kuu ya Elimu ya Juu kuanzia 1990 hadi 1993. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Mewengkang alizaliwa Balikpapan tarehe 28 Agosti 1935. Alisoma uhandisi wa kiraia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia kilichokuwa Bandung, ambacho mwaka 1959 kilijitenga na Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia na kuwa Bandung Institute of Technology. Akiwa mwanafunzi, alijiunga na Indonesian Christian Student Movement na kuiwakilisha chuo katika Wiki ya Michezo ya Wanafunzi huko Medan na Surabaya. Alihitimu kama mhandisi mwaka 1964. Akiwa mhadhiri, alihudhuria mafunzo ya kimataifa kama International Hydraulic Course (Delft Engineering Institute), International Defence Management Course (Marekani), semina ya chuma Tokyo, na kongamano la uhandisi la [[UNESCO]] Paris.<ref name=main>{{Rejea kitabu|last1=Indrakesuma|last2=Hamdan|first2=Thamrin|last3=Mustafa|first3=Djunaidi|last4=Wiranto|first4=Djoko|last5=Kamidin|first5=M. Ramli|last6=Summarie|title=Sarjana Universitas Indonesia: Kumpulan Biografi Alumni 1981-1982|publisher=Ikatan Lulusan Universitas Indonesia|pages=48}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mewengkang, Frits Bernhard}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ``` 01j1e4fvrjm0x5pjgmxputu0eyvhgox 0 234603 1542215 2026-05-13T19:59:14Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cornelius Sergius Geddy''' ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji (striker). == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mwaka 2007, aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Indonesia ya vijana chini ya miaka 23 (Indonesia U-23) katika michuano ya SEA Games ya 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.kabarindonesia.com/berita.php?pil=2&dn=20070912124832|title=Kolev](http://www.kabarindonesia.com/berita.php?pil=2&dn=20070912124832|ti...' 1542215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cornelius Sergius Geddy''' ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji (striker). == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mwaka 2007, aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Indonesia ya vijana chini ya miaka 23 (Indonesia U-23) katika michuano ya SEA Games ya 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.kabarindonesia.com/berita.php?pil=2&dn=20070912124832|title=Kolev](http://www.kabarindonesia.com/berita.php?pil=2&dn=20070912124832|title=Kolev) Umumkan Skuad Timnas SEA Games|date=11 Septemba 2007|language=Indonesian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e1z6pejxwd9n3wkl7ja5ga083qfr9dt 0 234604 1542218 2026-05-13T20:01:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542218 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daouda Badarou''' (7 Januari 1929 – 31 Januari 2022)[1] alikuwa [[daktari]] bingwa wa upasuaji, [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Afya ya Umma na Masuala ya Kijamii wa Dahomey (sasa Benin) kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1967, kisha Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1968 hadi 1969 na tena kutoka 1970 hadi 1971.[2][3] Pia alihudumu kama Balozi wa Benin nchini France kuanzia mwaka 1971 hadi 1972.[2]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Décret N° 1970-290 du 16 novembre 1970|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/doc/decret-1970-290/|work=Secrétariat général du Gouvernement du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] 77f92v78n5hbhr4fucugi7hgdpfw1op 1542584 1542218 2026-05-14T09:41:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daouda Badarou''' (7 Januari 1929 – 31 Januari 2022)[1] alikuwa [[daktari]] bingwa wa upasuaji, [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Afya ya Umma na Masuala ya Kijamii wa Dahomey (sasa Benin) kuanzia mwaka 1965 hadi 1967, kisha Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1968 hadi 1969 na tena kutoka 1970 hadi 1971.[2][3] Pia alihudumu kama Balozi wa Benin nchini France kuanzia mwaka 1971 hadi 1972.[2]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Décret N° 1970-290 du 16 novembre 1970|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/doc/decret-1970-290/|work=Secrétariat général du Gouvernement du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] esx23iijrlsm10yfxh4aqjek3938yoz 0 234605 1542219 2026-05-13T20:02:54Z Donald Mande 81505 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gown''' ni vazi refu, linalotiririka, lenye rangi na mapambo, huvaliwa na wanawake wa Zanzibar<ref>{{Cite web|title=When KICC turned into a Swahili cultural hub|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000019051/when-kicc-turned-into-a-swahili-cultural-hub|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Standard Digital {{!}} Sep. 25, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=vyouAQAAIAAJ&q=gowni&redir_esc=y|title=Guide to Zanzibar|last=Else|first=David|date=1998|publisher=Bradt Publications|isbn=978-1-898323-65-5|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] 95bif1aipa213c8aw7rechy20p5xe2g 1542621 1542219 2026-05-14T10:04:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gown''' ni vazi refu, linalotiririka, lenye rangi na mapambo, huvaliwa na wanawake wa Zanzibar<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=When KICC turned into a Swahili cultural hub|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000019051/when-kicc-turned-into-a-swahili-cultural-hub|work=The Standard|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Standard Digital {{!}} Sep. 25, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=vyouAQAAIAAJ&q=gowni&redir_esc=y|title=Guide to Zanzibar|last=Else|first=David|date=1998|publisher=Bradt Publications|isbn=978-1-898323-65-5|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] kcy49nqsnka1iet7tecerheqf8gdgq0 0 234606 1542226 2026-05-13T20:06:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Selvanus Geh''' (alizaliwa 27 Novemba 1993) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka Indonesia ambaye anabobea katika mchezo wa jozi (doubles) na anachezea klabu ya Hi-Qua Wima Surabaya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ronald Alexander/Selvanus Geh, Duo Penakluk Juara Dunia |url=http://www.beritasatu.com/olahraga/142562-ronald-alexanderselvanus-geh-duo-penakluk-juara-dunia.html |publisher=[[BeritaSatu]] |access-date=2 June 2017|language=Indonesian}}</ref> == Marejeo ==...' 1542226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selvanus Geh''' (alizaliwa 27 Novemba 1993) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka Indonesia ambaye anabobea katika mchezo wa jozi (doubles) na anachezea klabu ya Hi-Qua Wima Surabaya.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ronald Alexander/Selvanus Geh, Duo Penakluk Juara Dunia |url=http://www.beritasatu.com/olahraga/142562-ronald-alexanderselvanus-geh-duo-penakluk-juara-dunia.html |publisher=[[BeritaSatu]] |access-date=2 June 2017|language=Indonesian}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Geh, Selvanus}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] be8cuura1k6inzqj7jnysoc16xn8wch 0 234607 1542227 2026-05-13T20:06:51Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ritchie Bizwick Muyewa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-a...' 1542227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ritchie Bizwick Muyewa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] m2cry2yn1ozfetsij6taqgwnge2sf5f 1542294 1542227 2026-05-13T21:19:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542294 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ritchie Bizwick Muyewa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] e317t5fowkvw6tkh9lbbig3qo3xsep8 0 234608 1542232 2026-05-13T20:09:48Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Uladi Anthusafunana Basikolo Chenji Golo Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama wa Ndani nchini [[Malawi]] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi President Pardons Former Minister Jailed for Corruption|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/malawi-president-pardons-former-minister-jailed-for-corru...' 1542232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uladi Anthusafunana Basikolo Chenji Golo Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama wa Ndani nchini [[Malawi]] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi President Pardons Former Minister Jailed for Corruption|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/malawi-president-pardons-former-minister-jailed-for-corruption/7046204.html|work=Voice of America|date=2023-04-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Lameck Masina}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 3msuzopxsx6fgsx6k7sol9kkww3zmww 1542329 1542232 2026-05-13T21:49:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542329 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uladi Anthusafunana Basikolo Chenji Golo Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama wa Ndani nchini [[Malawi]] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi President Pardons Former Minister Jailed for Corruption|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/malawi-president-pardons-former-minister-jailed-for-corruption/7046204.html|work=Voice of America|date=2023-04-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|author=Lameck Masina}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] e6rbzfmt3zqjb5qzk2tpsb6zz1wl93s 0 234609 1542233 2026-05-13T20:11:29Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anthony Sinisuka Ginting''' ( alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1996) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza kimataifa aliposhinda medali ya shaba katika Michezo ya Asia 2018, akiwa pia alikuwa ameshinda medali ya shaba ya Olympics za Vijana 2014. Katika Olympics za Majira ya Joto za 2020, alishinda medali ya shaba katika mchezo wa single za wanaume.<ref name="og20">{{cite web |title=Indonesia's Anthony Ginting wins in straight sets to sec...' 1542233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anthony Sinisuka Ginting''' ( alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1996) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza kimataifa aliposhinda medali ya shaba katika Michezo ya Asia 2018, akiwa pia alikuwa ameshinda medali ya shaba ya Olympics za Vijana 2014. Katika Olympics za Majira ya Joto za 2020, alishinda medali ya shaba katika mchezo wa single za wanaume.<ref name="og20">{{cite web |title=Indonesia's Anthony Ginting wins in straight sets to secure men's badminton singles bronze |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-s-anthony-ginting-wins-men-s-badminton-singles-bronze|date=2 August 2021|accessdate=20 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802161219/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-s-anthony-ginting-wins-men-s-badminton-singles-bronze|archive-date=2 August 2021|url-status=live|publisher=[[Kamati ya Maandalizi ya Tokyo ya Olimpiki na Paralimpiki]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ginting, Anthony Sinisuka}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [ [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6n78kkswhmoldu8gkzmx0jzlh8rxb9y 1542235 1542233 2026-05-13T20:12:07Z Valuegirl 87699 1542235 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anthony Sinisuka Ginting''' ( alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1996) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza kimataifa aliposhinda medali ya shaba katika Michezo ya Asia 2018, akiwa pia alikuwa ameshinda medali ya shaba ya Olympics za Vijana 2014. Katika Olympics za Majira ya Joto za 2020, alishinda medali ya shaba katika mchezo wa single za wanaume.<ref name="og20">{{cite web |title=Indonesia's Anthony Ginting wins in straight sets to secure men's badminton singles bronze |url=https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-s-anthony-ginting-wins-men-s-badminton-singles-bronze|date=2 August 2021|accessdate=20 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802161219/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-s-anthony-ginting-wins-men-s-badminton-singles-bronze|archive-date=2 August 2021|url-status=live|publisher=[[Kamati ya Maandalizi ya Tokyo ya Olimpiki na Paralimpiki]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ginting, Anthony Sinisuka}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qw215kdraqezt0wib1onc3a6yn6og2m 0 234610 1542234 2026-05-13T20:11:59Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olushegun Adjadi Bakari''', anayejulikana pia kama Shegun Adjadi Bakari, ni mwanabenki, mjasiriamali na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Alianza kazi yake katika sekta ya benki nchini France, ambapo polepole alihama kutoka kusaidia makampuni makubwa ya magari hadi kufadhili miradi mbalimbali barani Africa. Kipindi hicho cha kazi, ambacho kilimhusisha katika ufadhili wa miradi kadhaa barani Afrika, kiliongeza hamu yake ya kurejea katika bara aliloliacha kwa ajili ya masomo yake.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ministère des affaires étrangères|url=https://diplomatie.gouv.bj/en/ministry/minister|work=diplomatie.gouv.bj|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] az7nssbmjmhgabpm35w0fp9uynfzqnl 1542306 1542234 2026-05-13T21:29:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542306 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olushegun Adjadi Bakari''', anayejulikana pia kama Shegun Adjadi Bakari, ni mwanabenki, mjasiriamali na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Alianza kazi yake katika sekta ya benki nchini France, ambapo polepole alihama kutoka kusaidia makampuni makubwa ya magari hadi kufadhili miradi mbalimbali barani Africa. Kipindi hicho cha kazi, ambacho kilimhusisha katika ufadhili wa miradi kadhaa barani Afrika, kiliongeza hamu yake ya kurejea katika bara aliloliacha kwa ajili ya masomo yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ministère des affaires étrangères|url=https://diplomatie.gouv.bj/en/ministry/minister|work=diplomatie.gouv.bj|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8c4pgkraklmlodyl70m0a70ksi4izl9 0 234611 1542236 2026-05-13T20:13:18Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jaffali Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri katika baraza la mawaziri na pia mwanadiplomasia nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika mwezi Agosti 2004. Baadaye, Mussa alihudumu kama Balozi wa Malawi nchini [[Misri]] na Kuwait. Mwaka 2014 aligombea ubunge wa jimbo la Machinga East kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), lakini hakushinda kiti hicho.<ref>{{Cite we...' 1542236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaffali Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri katika baraza la mawaziri na pia mwanadiplomasia nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika mwezi Agosti 2004. Baadaye, Mussa alihudumu kama Balozi wa Malawi nchini [[Misri]] na Kuwait. Mwaka 2014 aligombea ubunge wa jimbo la Machinga East kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), lakini hakushinda kiti hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw:80/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] elw8o4vzzcmldzunyvrzqvpbqhhazlt 1542407 1542236 2026-05-14T02:06:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542407 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaffali Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri katika baraza la mawaziri na pia mwanadiplomasia nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika mwezi Agosti 2004. Baadaye, Mussa alihudumu kama Balozi wa Malawi nchini [[Misri]] na Kuwait. Mwaka 2014 aligombea ubunge wa jimbo la Machinga East kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), lakini hakushinda kiti hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fqh7cn7l0e7b2kv33gid2c6il3o1bvq 1542630 1542407 2026-05-14T10:17:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542630 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jaffali Mussa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Aliwahi kuwa waziri katika baraza la mawaziri na pia mwanadiplomasia nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika mwezi Agosti 2004. Baadaye, Mussa alihudumu kama Balozi wa Malawi nchini [[Misri]] na Kuwait. Mwaka 2014 aligombea ubunge wa jimbo la Machinga East kupitia chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), lakini hakushinda kiti hicho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 763vlipjmbnthiz9knhewgh413wilp6 0 234612 1542237 2026-05-13T20:15:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Frans Gontha''' (alizaliwa 4 Mei 1948 mjini Semarang, [[Indonesia]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Peter F Gontha|url=[https://tokoh.id/tokoh/direktori/peter-f-gontha/|website=TokohIndonesia.com|publisher=TokohIndonesia.com](https://tokoh.id/tokoh/direktori/peter-f-gontha/|website=TokohIndonesia.com|publisher=TokohIndonesia.com) - Ensiklopedi Tokoh Indonesia|accessdate=21 Oktoba 2017}}</ref> ni mfanyabiashara kutoka Indonesia, mmoja wa waanzilishi wa telev...' 1542237 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Frans Gontha''' (alizaliwa 4 Mei 1948 mjini Semarang, [[Indonesia]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Peter F Gontha|url=[https://tokoh.id/tokoh/direktori/peter-f-gontha/|website=TokohIndonesia.com|publisher=TokohIndonesia.com](https://tokoh.id/tokoh/direktori/peter-f-gontha/|website=TokohIndonesia.com|publisher=TokohIndonesia.com) - Ensiklopedi Tokoh Indonesia|accessdate=21 Oktoba 2017}}</ref> ni mfanyabiashara kutoka Indonesia, mmoja wa waanzilishi wa televisheni za kibiashara, na mwanamuziki wa jazz. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama balozi wa Indonesia nchini [[Poland]] kuanzia Oktoba 2014 hadi Januari 2019.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Parlina|first1=Ina|title=SBY inaugurates 22 new envoys before leaving office|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/16/sby-inaugurates-22-new-envoys-leaving-office.html|accessdate=21](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/16/sby-inaugurates-22-new-envoys-leaving-office.html|accessdate=21) Oktoba 2017|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=16 Oktoba 2014}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8kagt1j4l0d078izvp2exf4ojwlxn4m 0 234613 1542241 2026-05-13T20:17:44Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rogatien''' '''Biaou''' (amezaliwa tarehe 19 Mei 1952, katika Savé) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Benin]]. Biaou alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia tarehe 12 Juni 2003 hadi 16 Februari 2006. Rogatien Biaou ameshikilia nyadhifa mbalimbali nje ya ofisi za serikali, ikiwa ni pamoja na katika Kikosi cha Kidiplomasia cha United Nations. Bw. Biaou aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kundi la Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Nchi za Nordic na Afrika, Rais wa Heshima wa United Nations Security Council mwaka 2005, Mjumbe Asiye wa Kudumu wa Baraza la Usalama la Umoja wa Mataifa kuanzia 2004 hadi 2005, na Mwenyekiti wa Kundi la Mawaziri la Masoko Yanayoibukia la Umoja wa Mataifa kuanzia 2003 hadi 2006. Pia ametunukiwa hadhi ya Knight of the National Order ya Jamhuri ya Benin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ambassador Rogatien Biaou {{!}} The African Magazine|url=https://myafricanmagazine.com/tag/ambassador-rogatien-biaou/|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kfue9kjf9wei4cxbra0q27swza5xmgj 1542296 1542241 2026-05-13T21:20:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542296 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rogatien''' '''Biaou''' (amezaliwa tarehe 19 Mei 1952, katika Savé) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Benin]]. Biaou alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia tarehe 12 Juni 2003 hadi 16 Februari 2006. Rogatien Biaou ameshikilia nyadhifa mbalimbali nje ya ofisi za serikali, ikiwa ni pamoja na katika Kikosi cha Kidiplomasia cha United Nations. Bw. Biaou aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kundi la Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Nchi za Nordic na Afrika, Rais wa Heshima wa United Nations Security Council mwaka 2005, Mjumbe Asiye wa Kudumu wa Baraza la Usalama la Umoja wa Mataifa kuanzia 2004 hadi 2005, na Mwenyekiti wa Kundi la Mawaziri la Masoko Yanayoibukia la Umoja wa Mataifa kuanzia 2003 hadi 2006. Pia ametunukiwa hadhi ya Knight of the National Order ya Jamhuri ya Benin.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ambassador Rogatien Biaou {{!}} The African Magazine|url=https://myafricanmagazine.com/tag/ambassador-rogatien-biaou/|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jqolif6fthry6l6s87o1i929yuhkx8q 0 234614 1542242 2026-05-13T20:17:59Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Henry Mumba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Habari, Mawasiliano na Utalii nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004. Katika siasa za baadaye, Mumba alihusishwa na matukio ya uchaguzi katika [[jimbo]] la Mzimba Hora Constituency. Mwaka 2019 alichaguliwa kama mgombea wa chama cha Democratic Pro...' 1542242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Mumba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Habari, Mawasiliano na Utalii nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004. Katika siasa za baadaye, Mumba alihusishwa na matukio ya uchaguzi katika [[jimbo]] la Mzimba Hora Constituency. Mwaka 2019 alichaguliwa kama mgombea wa chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kuchukua nafasi ya mbunge Christopher Ngwira, lakini baadaye jina lake liliondolewa na chama na badala yake mke wa Ngwira, Martha Mzomera Ngwira, akapewa nafasi hiyo. Hata hivyo, tume ya [[uchaguzi]] haikuruhusu kuondolewa kwa jina lake kikamilifu, jambo lililosababisha DPP kuwa na wagombea zaidi ya mmoja katika jimbo hilo, ingawa chama kilimuunga mkono zaidi Martha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPP withdraws Mumba, replaces Mzomera with his wife as parliamentary candidate - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-withdraws-mumba-replaces-mzomera-with-his-wife-as-parliamentary-candidate/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Mwaka 2025, alichaguliwa tena kugombea jimbo la Mzimba Hora, na chama cha [[Malawi]] Congress Party kilitangaza rasmi uteuzi wake Machi 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inkosi Chindi Endorses Chakwera, Applauds MCP for Transforming Mzimba - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/inkosi-chindi-endorses-chakwera-applauds-mcp-for-transforming-mzimba/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2025-03-24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=NyasaAuthor1}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] bxgkl4sbg0nedq7pcw4br7320199d6m 1542625 1542242 2026-05-14T10:08:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henry Mumba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Habari, Mawasiliano na Utalii nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004. Katika siasa za baadaye, Mumba alihusishwa na matukio ya uchaguzi katika [[jimbo]] la Mzimba Hora Constituency. Mwaka 2019 alichaguliwa kama mgombea wa chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kuchukua nafasi ya mbunge Christopher Ngwira, lakini baadaye jina lake liliondolewa na chama na badala yake mke wa Ngwira, Martha Mzomera Ngwira, akapewa nafasi hiyo. Hata hivyo, tume ya [[uchaguzi]] haikuruhusu kuondolewa kwa jina lake kikamilifu, jambo lililosababisha DPP kuwa na wagombea zaidi ya mmoja katika jimbo hilo, ingawa chama kilimuunga mkono zaidi Martha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DPP withdraws Mumba, replaces Mzomera with his wife as parliamentary candidate - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/dpp-withdraws-mumba-replaces-mzomera-with-his-wife-as-parliamentary-candidate/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Mwaka 2025, alichaguliwa tena kugombea jimbo la Mzimba Hora, na chama cha [[Malawi]] Congress Party kilitangaza rasmi uteuzi wake Machi 2025.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Inkosi Chindi Endorses Chakwera, Applauds MCP for Transforming Mzimba - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/inkosi-chindi-endorses-chakwera-applauds-mcp-for-transforming-mzimba/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2025-03-24|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-GB|author=NyasaAuthor1}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] sbvddiyo7cvuvaa2hsdomkzq5ibyhye 0 234615 1542245 2026-05-13T20:18:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Christian Hadinata''' ( alizaliwa 11 Desemba 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Kichina-Indonesian.<ref>{{Citation |last =Suryadinata |first=Leo |title=Prominent Indonesian Chinese: Biographical Sketches |edition=3rd |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |place=Singapore |year=1995 |isbn=978-981-3055-04-9 |postscript=. |page=31}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hadinata, Christian}} ...' 1542245 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christian Hadinata''' ( alizaliwa 11 Desemba 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Kichina-Indonesian.<ref>{{Citation |last =Suryadinata |first=Leo |title=Prominent Indonesian Chinese: Biographical Sketches |edition=3rd |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |place=Singapore |year=1995 |isbn=978-981-3055-04-9 |postscript=. |page=31}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hadinata, Christian}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1up34dy2qdq9kksath0deq3ts6glseu 0 234616 1542246 2026-05-13T20:19:27Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1213251754|Public holidays in the Comoros]]" 1542246 wikitext text/x-wiki : Hii ni orodha isiyokamilika ya '''likizo''' katika visiwa vya '''[[Komori|Komoro]]''' * Januari 1: Siku ya Mwaka Mpya * Machi 18: Siku ya [[Cheikh Al Maarouf|Sheikh Al Maarouf]], tarehe ya kifo cha mhubiri wa Kiislamu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day "Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021"]. ''Office Holidays''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> * Mei 1: Siku ya wafanyakazi * Julai 6: Siku ya Kitaifa, huadhimisha uhuru kutoka Ufaransa mnamo 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day "National Day in Comoros in 2021"]. ''Office Holidays''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> * Novemba 12: [[Maore Day|Siku ya Maore]]. Tangu 2005 Siku ya Kitaifa ya Maore imekuwa moja ya njia za kupambana na uwepo wa Ufaransa kwenye Mayotte; imekuwa likizo katika Comoros tangu 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023|url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands.|work=AnydayGuide|accessdate=January 14, 2021}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands. "Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023"]. ''AnydayGuide''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> oajlqfs3e9xv5fcxpqiamxlv7tzaf77 1542247 1542246 2026-05-13T20:20:30Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542247 wikitext text/x-wiki : Hii ni orodha isiyokamilika ya '''likizo''' katika visiwa vya '''[[Komori|Komoro]]''' * Januari 1: Siku ya Mwaka Mpya * Machi 18: Siku ya [[Cheikh Al Maarouf|Sheikh Al Maarouf]], tarehe ya kifo cha mhubiri wa Kiislamu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Mei 1: Siku ya wafanyakazi * Julai 6: Siku ya Kitaifa, huadhimisha uhuru kutoka Ufaransa mnamo 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Novemba 12: [[Maore Day|Siku ya Maore]]. Tangu 2005 Siku ya Kitaifa ya Maore imekuwa moja ya njia za kupambana na uwepo wa Ufaransa kwenye Mayotte; imekuwa likizo katika Comoros tangu 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023|url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands.|work=AnydayGuide|accessdate=January 14, 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 1mdqt7i00yuce3cjp2cwkzymhr7gyd3 1542250 1542247 2026-05-13T20:23:31Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542250 wikitext text/x-wiki : Hii ni orodha isiyokamilika ya '''likizo''' katika visiwa vya '''[[Komori|Komoro]]''' * Januari 1: Siku ya Mwaka Mpya * Machi 18: Siku ya [[Cheikh Al Maarouf|Sheikh Al Maarouf]], tarehe ya kifo cha mhubiri wa Kiislamu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Mei 1: Siku ya wafanyakazi * Julai 6: Siku ya Kitaifa, huadhimisha uhuru kutoka Ufaransa mnamo 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Novemba 12: [[Maore Day|Siku ya Maore]]. Tangu 2005 Siku ya Kitaifa ya Maore imekuwa moja ya njia za kupambana na uwepo wa Ufaransa kwenye Mayotte; imekuwa likizo katika Comoros tangu 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023|url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands.|work=AnydayGuide|accessdate=January 14, 2021}}</ref> ==Sikukuu zinazoweza kubadilika== *Eid al-Fitr ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} fi8vat8gbrku2ihrgnarem2wet854id 1542253 1542250 2026-05-13T20:25:39Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542253 wikitext text/x-wiki : Hii ni orodha isiyokamilika ya '''likizo''' katika visiwa vya '''[[Komori|Komoro]]''' * Januari 1: Siku ya Mwaka Mpya * Machi 18: Siku ya [[Cheikh Al Maarouf|Sheikh Al Maarouf]], tarehe ya kifo cha mhubiri wa Kiislamu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Mei 1: Siku ya wafanyakazi * Julai 6: Siku ya Kitaifa, huadhimisha uhuru kutoka Ufaransa mnamo 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Novemba 12: [[Maore Day|Siku ya Maore]]. Tangu 2005 Siku ya Kitaifa ya Maore imekuwa moja ya njia za kupambana na uwepo wa Ufaransa kwenye Mayotte; imekuwa likizo katika Comoros tangu 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023|url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands.|work=AnydayGuide|accessdate=January 14, 2021}}</ref> ==Sikukuu zinazoweza kubadilika== *Eid al-Fitr *Eid al-Adha *Mwaka mpya wa kiislamu * ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 6l5z8mjyzeo8xcw1ev9wg2zuqz7qhr1 1542256 1542253 2026-05-13T20:28:18Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542256 wikitext text/x-wiki : Hii ni orodha isiyokamilika ya '''likizo''' katika visiwa vya '''[[Komori|Komoro]]''' * Januari 1: Siku ya Mwaka Mpya * Machi 18: Siku ya [[Cheikh Al Maarouf|Sheikh Al Maarouf]], tarehe ya kifo cha mhubiri wa Kiislamu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cheikh Al Maarouf Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/cheikh-al-maarouf-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Mei 1: Siku ya wafanyakazi * Julai 6: Siku ya Kitaifa, huadhimisha uhuru kutoka Ufaransa mnamo 1975.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Day in Comoros in 2021|url=https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/comoros/comoros-national-day|work=Office Holidays|accessdate=January 14, 2021|language=en}}</ref> * Novemba 12: [[Maore Day|Siku ya Maore]]. Tangu 2005 Siku ya Kitaifa ya Maore imekuwa moja ya njia za kupambana na uwepo wa Ufaransa kwenye Mayotte; imekuwa likizo katika Comoros tangu 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Journée Nationale Maoré in the Comoros / November 12, 2023|url=https://anydayguide.com/calendar/3042#:~:text=In%202005%20the%20member%20countries,holiday%20on%20all%20three%20islands.|work=AnydayGuide|accessdate=January 14, 2021}}</ref> ==Sikukuu zinazoweza kubadilika== *Eid al-Fitr *Eid al-Adha *Mwaka mpya wa kiislamu *Siku ya kuzaliwa kwa mtume *Siku ya kupaa kwa mtume ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ru5apkn662g7t2hqgkp5zkohfd6fh2a 0 234617 1542248 2026-05-13T20:21:56Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Felton Mulli''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/f462c1d1f84d0790b908acd751386dd87730dac0.93a05d47e41940688096dfe0e2475a532724f755|work=data.connectedafrica.net|accessdate=202...' 1542248 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Felton Mulli''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/f462c1d1f84d0790b908acd751386dd87730dac0.93a05d47e41940688096dfe0e2475a532724f755|work=data.connectedafrica.net|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] naoi9uugai1vpncrq26nqcdhocl1c4v 1542610 1542248 2026-05-14T09:55:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542610 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Felton Mulli''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa [[Afya]] nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://data.connectedafrica.net/entities/f462c1d1f84d0790b908acd751386dd87730dac0.93a05d47e41940688096dfe0e2475a532724f755|work=data.connectedafrica.net|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] s1exo0fg8j6n7o5bd1jjd6hd1iawhl9 0 234618 1542249 2026-05-13T20:22:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kerenina Sunny Halim''' (pia huandikwa '''Karenina'''; alizaliwa Jakarta, 13 Juni 1986) ni mwanamitindo na mshindi wa taji la mashindano ya urembo wa [[Indonesia]] na [[Marekani]]. Alishinda taji la Miss Indonesia (DKI Jakarta) mwaka 2009. Aliiwakilisha Indonesia katika mashindano ya Miss World 2009 yaliyofanyika nchini [[South Africa]] mwezi Novemba–Desemba mwaka huohuo. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Halim ana asili mchanganyiko; mama yake anatoka...' 1542249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kerenina Sunny Halim''' (pia huandikwa '''Karenina'''; alizaliwa Jakarta, 13 Juni 1986) ni mwanamitindo na mshindi wa taji la mashindano ya urembo wa [[Indonesia]] na [[Marekani]]. Alishinda taji la Miss Indonesia (DKI Jakarta) mwaka 2009. Aliiwakilisha Indonesia katika mashindano ya Miss World 2009 yaliyofanyika nchini [[South Africa]] mwezi Novemba–Desemba mwaka huohuo. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Halim ana asili mchanganyiko; mama yake anatoka [[Montana]], Marekani, na baba yake anatoka [[Bandung]], Indonesia. Yeye ni mtoto wa nne kati ya watoto sita.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Noorastuti |first1=Pipiet Tri |last2=Rachmawati |first2=Gestina |last3=Windratie |date=6 Juni 2009 |title=Miss Indonesia 2009 Adik Steve Emmanuel |url=[https://life.viva.co.id/news/read/64081-miss-indonesia-2009-adik-steve-emmanuel](https://life.viva.co.id/news/read/64081-miss-indonesia-2009-adik-steve-emmanuel) |access-date=10 Juni 2009 |publisher=Viva.co.id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] re1fch3zr1r9n7lxjtl5vlv3fs2w1uv 0 234619 1542252 2026-05-13T20:24:25Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Richie Muheya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji na Maendeleo ya Maji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Z Allan Ntata’s Uncommon Sense – This reminds me of bingu|url=https://www.maravipost.com/z-allan-ntatas-uncommon-sense-reminds-bingu/|work...' 1542252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richie Muheya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji na Maendeleo ya Maji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Z Allan Ntata’s Uncommon Sense – This reminds me of bingu|url=https://www.maravipost.com/z-allan-ntatas-uncommon-sense-reminds-bingu/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2017-06-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Z. Allan Ntata}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] sqkh12omf8uqy8s1t7prga6au0zuua8 1542255 1542252 2026-05-13T20:26:52Z Don Malya 61486 1542255 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richie Muheya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji na Maendeleo ya Maji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Z Allan Ntata’s Uncommon Sense – This reminds me of bingu|url=https://www.maravipost.com/z-allan-ntatas-uncommon-sense-reminds-bingu/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2017-06-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Z. Allan Ntata}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] q27e6yfhh5ndqjlffiqzewbo6dwmwgm 1542292 1542255 2026-05-13T21:19:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542292 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richie Muheya''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Umwagiliaji na Maendeleo ya Maji nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Z Allan Ntata’s Uncommon Sense – This reminds me of bingu|url=https://www.maravipost.com/z-allan-ntatas-uncommon-sense-reminds-bingu/|work=The Maravi Post|date=2017-06-11|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Z. Allan Ntata}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] govmpxxvtlwdsgxp6u8ze8w2r92ylbh 0 234620 1542254 2026-05-13T20:26:15Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rudy Hartono Kurniawan''' (alizaliwa Nio Hap Liang 18 Agosti 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anashikilia rekodi ya kushinda taji la single za wanaume katika Mashindano ya All-England mara nane.<ref name="Suryadinata2012">{{cite book |last=Suryadinata |first=Leo |title=Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume I & II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v9QEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA455 |year...' 1542254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rudy Hartono Kurniawan''' (alizaliwa Nio Hap Liang 18 Agosti 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anashikilia rekodi ya kushinda taji la single za wanaume katika Mashindano ya All-England mara nane.<ref name="Suryadinata2012">{{cite book |last=Suryadinata |first=Leo |title=Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume I & II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v9QEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA455 |year=2012 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |isbn=978-981-4345-21-7 |pages=455–7}}</ref><ref name="no.8">{{Cite news |title=Eight-Win Record By The Maestro |url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19760329-1.2.99 |newspaper=The Straits Times |date=29 March 1976 |page=24 |access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hartono, Rudy}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 774itr93w3y6a1g010fol5ih32nvh7t 1542298 1542254 2026-05-13T21:22:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rudy Hartono Kurniawan''' (alizaliwa Nio Hap Liang 18 Agosti 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anashikilia rekodi ya kushinda taji la single za wanaume katika Mashindano ya All-England mara nane.<ref name="Suryadinata2012">{{cite book |last=Suryadinata |first=Leo |title=Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume I & II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v9QEBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA455 |year=2012 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |isbn=978-981-4345-21-7 |pages=455–7}}</ref><ref name="no.8">{{Rejea habari |title=Eight-Win Record By The Maestro |url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19760329-1.2.99 |newspaper=The Straits Times |date=29 March 1976 |page=24 |access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hartono, Rudy}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kupve425liwy8jnci6fpcuuqxb1vdwg 0 234621 1542257 2026-05-13T20:28:31Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pascal''' '''Chabi''' '''Kao''' (10 Machi 1935 – 5 Agosti 2024) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Chabi Kao alizaliwa tarehe 10 Machi 1935 katika Parakou. Alisomea katika chuo cha mafunzo ya ualimu nchini Côte d'Ivoire na katika University of Aix-en-Provence nchini France, ambapo alipata shahada ya kwanza katika uchumi. Alihudumu kama katibu mkuu wa Benki ya Maendeleo ya Dahomey. Chabi Kao alihudumu katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Hubert Maga kuanzia mwaka 1960 hadi 1963, na kujenga uhusiano wa karibu binafsi naye. Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Kazi chini ya Christophe Soglo kuanzia mwaka 1966 hadi 1967. Alikuwa na taarifa mapema kuhusu mapinduzi ya mwaka 1967 yaliyomuondoa Soglo madarakani, na baadaye akawa Waziri wa Fedha na Utumishi wa Umma katika tawala za Alphonse Alley na Maurice Kouandete, akiwa raia pekee katika baraza la mawaziri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Décrets|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/documentheque/decrets/1437/|work=Secrétariat général du Gouvernement du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] jmpgyt70zlo43hy7b7yypqm8tzllk8b 1542286 1542257 2026-05-13T21:08:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pascal''' '''Chabi''' '''Kao''' (10 Machi 1935 – 5 Agosti 2024) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Chabi Kao alizaliwa tarehe 10 Machi 1935 katika Parakou. Alisomea katika chuo cha mafunzo ya ualimu nchini Côte d'Ivoire na katika University of Aix-en-Provence nchini France, ambapo alipata shahada ya kwanza katika uchumi. Alihudumu kama katibu mkuu wa Benki ya Maendeleo ya Dahomey. Chabi Kao alihudumu katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Hubert Maga kuanzia mwaka 1960 hadi 1963, na kujenga uhusiano wa karibu binafsi naye. Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Kazi chini ya Christophe Soglo kuanzia mwaka 1966 hadi 1967. Alikuwa na taarifa mapema kuhusu mapinduzi ya mwaka 1967 yaliyomuondoa Soglo madarakani, na baadaye akawa Waziri wa Fedha na Utumishi wa Umma katika tawala za Alphonse Alley na Maurice Kouandete, akiwa raia pekee katika baraza la mawaziri.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Décrets|url=https://sgg.gouv.bj/documentheque/decrets/1437/|work=Secrétariat général du Gouvernement du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] f9u9hh331zm1go85cpisqma5t9zrzte 0 234622 1542258 2026-05-13T20:30:13Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chimango Chimpimpha Mughogho-Gondwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Watu wenye Ulemavu na Wazee. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Chitipa South Constituency. Katika mchakato wa [[uchaguzi]] wa 2014, alishindwa kwenye kura za mchujo za chama cha People's Party, kisha akagombea kama mgombea huru lakini hakufanikiwa kushind...' 1542258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chimango Chimpimpha Mughogho-Gondwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Watu wenye Ulemavu na Wazee. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Chitipa South Constituency. Katika mchakato wa [[uchaguzi]] wa 2014, alishindwa kwenye kura za mchujo za chama cha People's Party, kisha akagombea kama mgombea huru lakini hakufanikiwa kushinda kiti cha ubunge. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] s6aqw59ioj2j8ca8cabct74gqclxrvy 1542260 1542258 2026-05-13T20:32:11Z Don Malya 61486 1542260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chimango Chimpimpha Mughogho-Gondwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Waziri wa Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Watu wenye Ulemavu na Wazee. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Chitipa South Constituency.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi: Minimum age for marriage at 16 {{!}} Radio Netherlands Worldwide|url=http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/malawi-minimum-age-marriage-16|work=www.rnw.nl|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-rnw}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> Katika mchakato wa [[uchaguzi]] wa 2014, alishindwa kwenye kura za mchujo za chama cha People's Party, kisha akagombea kama mgombea huru lakini hakufanikiwa kushinda kiti cha ubunge.<ref>{{Citation|title=Ex-minister regrets joining Peoples Party|date=2014-04-09|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|work=Malawi Nyasa Times - Malawi breaking news in Malawi|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] pixxj6kpsy26j2oq9uxsk0l0bhq2wfm 1542264 1542260 2026-05-13T20:35:05Z Don Malya 61486 1542264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chimango Chimpimpha Mughogho-Gondwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Watu wenye Ulemavu na Wazee. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Chitipa South Constituency.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi: Minimum age for marriage at 16 {{!}} Radio Netherlands Worldwide|url=http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/malawi-minimum-age-marriage-16|work=www.rnw.nl|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-rnw}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> Katika mchakato wa [[uchaguzi]] wa 2014, alishindwa kwenye kura za mchujo za chama cha People's Party, kisha akagombea kama mgombea huru lakini hakufanikiwa kushinda kiti cha ubunge.<ref>{{Citation|title=Ex-minister regrets joining Peoples Party|date=2014-04-09|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|work=Malawi Nyasa Times - Malawi breaking news in Malawi|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] gxynpz4marnijpzwbajbrockwcp7bt2 0 234623 1542261 2026-05-13T20:33:19Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542261 wikitext text/x-wiki Kouaro Yves Chabi (19 Mei 1973 – 20 Februari 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le ministre de l'Enseignement secondaire béninois meurt sur la route|url=https://www.voaafrique.com/a/b%C3%A9nin-le-ministre-de-l-enseignement-secondaire-tu%C3%A9-dans-un-accident-de-la-route/7983157.html|work=Voice of America|date=2025-02-21|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr|author=AFP}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] ngf4uapuyzuntx7lzgyxn2o4dxqpw54 1542638 1542261 2026-05-14T10:53:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542638 wikitext text/x-wiki Kouaro Yves Chabi (19 Mei 1973 – 20 Februari 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Le ministre de l'Enseignement secondaire béninois meurt sur la route|url=https://www.voaafrique.com/a/b%C3%A9nin-le-ministre-de-l-enseignement-secondaire-tu%C3%A9-dans-un-accident-de-la-route/7983157.html|work=Voice of America|date=2025-02-21|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=fr|author=AFP}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] pjpq1c24jomfc8a103brs7mvg9vli9n 0 234624 1542262 2026-05-13T20:33:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hendrik Isam Mahar''' (24 Novemba 1928 — 12 Januari 1990) alikuwa afisa wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] kutoka Kamandi ya Vikosi Maalum, ambaye alihusika katika uongozi wa operesheni za kukandamiza uasi wa kikomunisti Sarawak. Hendrik Isam Mahar alizaliwa Kasongan, mji mkuu wa Katingan Regency, tarehe 20 Novemba 1942, kwa wazazi Isam Mahar na Imik. Alikuwa mtoto wa nne kati ya sita katika familia ya [[Ukristo|Kikristo]] yenye asili ya Dayak. Alikuwa na dad...' 1542262 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hendrik Isam Mahar''' (24 Novemba 1928 — 12 Januari 1990) alikuwa afisa wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] kutoka Kamandi ya Vikosi Maalum, ambaye alihusika katika uongozi wa operesheni za kukandamiza uasi wa kikomunisti Sarawak. Hendrik Isam Mahar alizaliwa Kasongan, mji mkuu wa Katingan Regency, tarehe 20 Novemba 1942, kwa wazazi Isam Mahar na Imik. Alikuwa mtoto wa nne kati ya sita katika familia ya [[Ukristo|Kikristo]] yenye asili ya Dayak. Alikuwa na dada wawili na kaka wanne.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Aju|date=2018-01-30|title=Brigjen TNI Hendrik Isam Mahar, Tokoh Dayak di Balik Penumpaan PGRS|url=https://sinarharapan.net/2018/01/brigjen-tni-hendrik-isam-mahar-tokoh-dayak-di-balik-penumpaan-pgrs/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110035556/http://sinarharapan.net/2018/01/brigjen-tni-hendrik-isam-mahar-tokoh-dayak-di-balik-penumpaan-pgrs/|archive-date=10 January 2020|access-date=2021-02-07|website=SHNet|language=en-US|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu-mwanajeshi}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mahar, Hendrik Isam}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] jmy7ks5fzepk05nd0fxjc4qiwx801xm 1542624 1542262 2026-05-14T10:08:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542624 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hendrik Isam Mahar''' (24 Novemba 1928 — 12 Januari 1990) alikuwa afisa wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] kutoka Kamandi ya Vikosi Maalum, ambaye alihusika katika uongozi wa operesheni za kukandamiza uasi wa kikomunisti Sarawak. Hendrik Isam Mahar alizaliwa Kasongan, mji mkuu wa Katingan Regency, tarehe 20 Novemba 1942, kwa wazazi Isam Mahar na Imik. Alikuwa mtoto wa nne kati ya sita katika familia ya [[Ukristo|Kikristo]] yenye asili ya Dayak. Alikuwa na dada wawili na kaka wanne.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Aju|date=2018-01-30|title=Brigjen TNI Hendrik Isam Mahar, Tokoh Dayak di Balik Penumpaan PGRS|url=https://sinarharapan.net/2018/01/brigjen-tni-hendrik-isam-mahar-tokoh-dayak-di-balik-penumpaan-pgrs/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110035556/http://sinarharapan.net/2018/01/brigjen-tni-hendrik-isam-mahar-tokoh-dayak-di-balik-penumpaan-pgrs/|archive-date=10 January 2020|access-date=2021-02-07|website=SHNet|language=en-US|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu-mwanajeshi}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mahar, Hendrik Isam}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] p2p6dzzv0jt6zf7betlcffkk7koill2 0 234625 1542266 2026-05-13T20:36:13Z Family 001 70423 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sekou''', ambalo pia huandikwa Sékou au Seku, ni jina lililotolewa kutoka lugha ya Fula. Ni sawa na Sheikh wa Kiarabu. Watu wenye jina hili ni pamoja na: == Watu == * Sekou (singer), Mwimbaji kutokea nchini [[Uingereza]] === Jina lililotolewa === * Seku Amadu (1776–1845), pia anajulikana kama Sékou Amadou au Sheikh Amadu, mwanzilishi wa Milki ya Massina nchini [[Mali]] * Ahmed Sékou Touré (1922–1984), rais wa kwanza wa [[Guinea]] (1958–1984) * Sekou Conneh (kuzaliwa 1960), Mwanasiasa wa [[Liberia]] na kiongozi wa zamani wa waasi nchini humo * Sékou Dramé (kuzaliwa 1973), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa nchini Guinea * Sékou Berthé (kuzaliwa 1977), Beki wa soka wa Mali ambaye alichezea timu ya Persepolis mara ya mwisho katika Ligi ya Pro ya nchini [[Irani|Iran]] * Sékou Fofana (kuzaliwa 1980), Beki wa soka wa Mali anayechezea timu ya FC Banants katika Ligi Kuu ya [[Armenia]] * Sékou Tidiane Souaré (kuzaliwa 1983), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Ivory Coast]], ambaye kwa sasa anachezea timu ya B36 Tórshavn * Sekou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1984), Kiungo wa kati wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Ufaransa]] * Sékou Camara (footballer, kuzaliwa 1985) (1985–2013), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sekou Cissé (kuzaliwa 1985), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Côte d'Ivoire]] * Sekou Bagayoko (kuzaliwa 1987), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayechezea timu ya Jeunesse Sportive de la Saoura * Sekou Jabateh Oliseh (kuzaliwa 1990), Mchezaji wa kimataifa wa Liberia anayecheza katika klabu ya Kuban Krasnodar ya [[Urusi]] * Sékou Koné (kuzaliwa 2006), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sékou Mara (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa ambaye anacheza kama mshambuliaji wa timu ya RC Strasbourg na hapo awali alikuwa akichezea timu ya Southampton * Sekou Bangoura (kuzaliwa 1991), Mchezaji wa [[Tennis|tenisi]] wa [[Marekani]] * Sékou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1995), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa * Sekou Lumumba, Mwanamuziki wa rock wa [[Kanada]] * Sekou Odinga, Alizaliwa Nathanial Burns, mwanaharakati wa Marekani ambaye alifungwa gerezani kwa kuhusika na Harakati za Jeshi la Ukombozi la watu weusi * Sekou Tidiany Bangoura (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Guinea]] * Sékou Traoré, mtengenezaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Burkina Faso]] * Sekou Kone, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayecheza kama kiungo wa ulinzi wa timu ya [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] * Sekou Smith (1972-2021), Mwandishi wa michezo wa Marekani * Hakeem Sekou Jeffries, Mwanasiasa wa Marekani, Mwakilishi wa 8 wa wilaya katika bunge la New York === Jina la ukoo === * Lasana M. Sekou (kuzaliwa 1959), mwandishi kutoka Saint Martin [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Majina ya ukoo]] [[Jamii:Afrika ya Magharibi]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Mashariki]] jejeb08wui6rudinoq4hz6ypk49bhab 1542269 1542266 2026-05-13T20:39:38Z Family 001 70423 nimeongeza viungo 1542269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sekou''', ambalo pia huandikwa Sékou au Seku, ni jina lililotolewa kutoka lugha ya Fula. Ni sawa na Sheikh wa Kiarabu. Watu wenye jina hili ni pamoja na: == Watu == * Sekou (singer), Mwimbaji kutokea nchini [[Uingereza]] === Jina lililotolewa === * Seku Amadu (1776–1845), pia anajulikana kama Sékou Amadou au Sheikh Amadu, mwanzilishi wa Milki ya Massina nchini [[Mali]] * [[Ahmed Sékou Touré]] (1922–1984), rais wa kwanza wa [[Guinea]] (1958–1984) * Sekou Conneh (kuzaliwa 1960), Mwanasiasa wa [[Liberia]] na kiongozi wa zamani wa waasi nchini humo * Sékou Dramé (kuzaliwa 1973), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa nchini Guinea * Sékou Berthé (kuzaliwa 1977), Beki wa soka wa Mali ambaye alichezea timu ya Persepolis mara ya mwisho katika Ligi ya Pro ya nchini [[Irani|Iran]] * [[Seko Fofana|Sékou Fofana]] (kuzaliwa 1980), Beki wa soka wa Mali anayechezea timu ya FC Banants katika Ligi Kuu ya [[Armenia]] * Sékou Tidiane Souaré (kuzaliwa 1983), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Ivory Coast]], ambaye kwa sasa anachezea timu ya B36 Tórshavn * Sekou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1984), Kiungo wa kati wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Ufaransa]] * Sékou Camara (footballer, kuzaliwa 1985) (1985–2013), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sekou Cissé (kuzaliwa 1985), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Côte d'Ivoire]] * Sekou Bagayoko (kuzaliwa 1987), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayechezea timu ya Jeunesse Sportive de la Saoura * Sekou Jabateh Oliseh (kuzaliwa 1990), Mchezaji wa kimataifa wa Liberia anayecheza katika klabu ya Kuban Krasnodar ya [[Urusi]] * Sékou Koné (kuzaliwa 2006), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sékou Mara (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa ambaye anacheza kama mshambuliaji wa timu ya RC Strasbourg na hapo awali alikuwa akichezea timu ya Southampton * Sekou Bangoura (kuzaliwa 1991), Mchezaji wa [[Tennis|tenisi]] wa [[Marekani]] * Sékou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1995), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa * [[Sekou Lumumba]], Mwanamuziki wa rock wa [[Kanada]] * Sekou Odinga, Alizaliwa Nathanial Burns, mwanaharakati wa Marekani ambaye alifungwa gerezani kwa kuhusika na Harakati za Jeshi la Ukombozi la watu weusi * Sekou Tidiany Bangoura (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Guinea]] * Sékou Traoré, mtengenezaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Burkina Faso]] * Sekou Kone, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayecheza kama kiungo wa ulinzi wa timu ya [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] * Sekou Smith (1972-2021), Mwandishi wa michezo wa Marekani * Hakeem Sekou Jeffries, Mwanasiasa wa Marekani, Mwakilishi wa 8 wa wilaya katika bunge la New York === Jina la ukoo === * Lasana M. Sekou (kuzaliwa 1959), mwandishi kutoka Saint Martin [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Majina ya ukoo]] [[Jamii:Afrika ya Magharibi]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Mashariki]] 67glzqkywkr844uvyy49zltqihszrnz 1542279 1542269 2026-05-13T20:58:34Z Family 001 70423 nimerekebisha mantiki ya sentensi 1542279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sekou''', ambalo pia huandikwa Sékou au Seku, ni jina lililotolewa kutoka lugha ya Fula. Ni sawa na Sheikh wa Kiarabu. Watu wenye jina hili ni pamoja na: == Watu == * Sekou , Mwimbaji kutokea nchini [[Uingereza]] === Jina lililotolewa === * Seku Amadu (1776–1845), pia anajulikana kama Sékou Amadou au Sheikh Amadu, mwanzilishi wa Milki ya Massina nchini [[Mali]] * [[Ahmed Sékou Touré]] (1922–1984), rais wa kwanza wa [[Guinea]] (1958–1984) * Sekou Conneh (kuzaliwa 1960), Mwanasiasa wa [[Liberia]] na kiongozi wa zamani wa waasi nchini humo * Sékou Dramé (kuzaliwa 1973), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa nchini Guinea * Sékou Berthé (kuzaliwa 1977), Beki wa soka wa Mali ambaye alichezea timu ya Persepolis mara ya mwisho katika Ligi ya Pro ya nchini [[Irani|Iran]] * [[Seko Fofana|Sékou Fofana]] (kuzaliwa 1980), Beki wa soka wa Mali anayechezea timu ya FC Banants katika Ligi Kuu ya [[Armenia]] * Sékou Tidiane Souaré (kuzaliwa 1983), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Ivory Coast]], ambaye kwa sasa anachezea timu ya B36 Tórshavn * Sekou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1984), Kiungo wa kati wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Ufaransa]] * Sékou Camara (footballer, kuzaliwa 1985) (1985–2013), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sekou Cissé (kuzaliwa 1985), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Côte d'Ivoire]] * Sekou Bagayoko (kuzaliwa 1987), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayechezea timu ya Jeunesse Sportive de la Saoura * Sekou Jabateh Oliseh (kuzaliwa 1990), Mchezaji wa kimataifa wa Liberia anayecheza katika klabu ya Kuban Krasnodar ya [[Urusi]] * Sékou Koné (kuzaliwa 2006), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Sékou Mara (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa ambaye anacheza kama mshambuliaji wa timu ya RC Strasbourg na hapo awali alikuwa akichezea timu ya Southampton * Sekou Bangoura (kuzaliwa 1991), Mchezaji wa [[Tennis|tenisi]] wa [[Marekani]] * Sékou Baradji (kuzaliwa 1995), Mshambuliaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Ufaransa * [[Sekou Lumumba]], Mwanamuziki wa rock wa [[Kanada]] * Sekou Odinga, Alizaliwa Nathanial Burns, mwanaharakati wa Marekani ambaye alifungwa gerezani kwa kuhusika na Harakati za Jeshi la Ukombozi la watu weusi * Sekou Tidiany Bangoura (kuzaliwa 2002), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Guinea]] * Sékou Traoré, mtengenezaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Burkina Faso]] * Sekou Kone, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali anayecheza kama kiungo wa ulinzi wa timu ya [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] * Sekou Smith (1972-2021), Mwandishi wa michezo wa Marekani * Hakeem Sekou Jeffries, Mwanasiasa wa Marekani, Mwakilishi wa 8 wa wilaya katika bunge la New York === Jina la ukoo === * Lasana M. Sekou (kuzaliwa 1959), mwandishi kutoka Saint Martin [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Majina ya ukoo]] [[Jamii:Afrika ya Magharibi]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika Mashariki]] 30v5m2hq1t2i7azsm7l97fgex9hc0v2 0 234626 1542267 2026-05-13T20:36:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rineke Antoinette Hassim''' (alizaliwa 29 Aprili 1945), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina la jukwaani '''Rina Hasyim''' (pia '''Hassim'''), ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ameshinda tuzo za Citra Award for Best Leading Actress na Citra Award for Best Supporting Actress. == Wasifu == Rina Hasyim alizaliwa kama Rineke Antoinette Hassim tarehe 29 Aprili 1945 huko Ujung Pandang, eneo la [[Makassar]], South Sulawesi.{{sfn|filmindonesia.o...' 1542267 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rineke Antoinette Hassim''' (alizaliwa 29 Aprili 1945), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina la jukwaani '''Rina Hasyim''' (pia '''Hassim'''), ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ameshinda tuzo za Citra Award for Best Leading Actress na Citra Award for Best Supporting Actress. == Wasifu == Rina Hasyim alizaliwa kama Rineke Antoinette Hassim tarehe 29 Aprili 1945 huko Ujung Pandang, eneo la [[Makassar]], South Sulawesi.{{sfn|filmindonesia.or.id, Rina Hasyim}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=1981 |title=Rina Hassim sebagai ibu rumah tangga, aktris, dan pengusaha |work=Sinar Harapan }}</ref> Alilelewa kwa nidhamu kali na mama yake, jambo lililomfanya aanze kuasi na kuvutiwa na muziki. Akiwa kijana, alikuwa mwanachama wa bendi za Dara Kusumah na Diskonit, ambapo alicheza gitaa la besi.{{sfn|TIM, Rina Hasyim}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pjp4e5ld54nigxhu8a3glqajhb0ud32 1542293 1542267 2026-05-13T21:19:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542293 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rineke Antoinette Hassim''' (alizaliwa 29 Aprili 1945), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina la jukwaani '''Rina Hasyim''' (pia '''Hassim'''), ni mwigizaji na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye ameshinda tuzo za Citra Award for Best Leading Actress na Citra Award for Best Supporting Actress. == Wasifu == Rina Hasyim alizaliwa kama Rineke Antoinette Hassim tarehe 29 Aprili 1945 huko Ujung Pandang, eneo la [[Makassar]], South Sulawesi.{{sfn|filmindonesia.or.id, Rina Hasyim}}<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=1981 |title=Rina Hassim sebagai ibu rumah tangga, aktris, dan pengusaha |work=Sinar Harapan }}</ref> Alilelewa kwa nidhamu kali na mama yake, jambo lililomfanya aanze kuasi na kuvutiwa na muziki. Akiwa kijana, alikuwa mwanachama wa bendi za Dara Kusumah na Diskonit, ambapo alicheza gitaa la besi.{{sfn|TIM, Rina Hasyim}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 84muo56tlblzawdyvumwlxbdato3qd0 0 234627 1542268 2026-05-13T20:39:12Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis''' '''Marino''' '''Mensah''' '''Covi''' (5 Februari 1906 – 14 Novemba 1966) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Dahomey. Covi alizaliwa tarehe 5 Februari 1906 katika Ouidah. Alipata nafasi ya kujiunga na École William Ponty nchini Senegal mwaka 1919, na pia alisoma katika Aix-en-Provence nchini France. Alirejea Dahomey mwaka 1926 na kuwa kiongozi wa mifumo ya shule za Porto-Novo na baadaye Cotonou. Alihudumu katika Baraza Kuu (General Council) na baadaye katika Bunge la Kieneo (Territorial Assembly). Kuanzia 1957 hadi 1959 alikuwa Rais wa Bunge la Kieneo. Mnamo 30 Aprili 1959, Covi aliteuliwa kuwa seneta katika Jumuiya ya Kifaransa (French Community), ambapo alihudumu hadi 16 Machi 1961. Akiwa humo, alikuwa Katibu wa Kamati ya Elimu ya Juu na mahusiano ya kitamaduni. Pia aliwahi kuwa rais wa Chama cha Umoja wa Dahomey na mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Fedha na Bajeti katika Bunge la Taifa. Alifariki dunia tarehe 14 Novemba 1966 mjini Porto-Novo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bibcolaf.hypotheses.org/notices-biographiques/francis-covi-1905-1966|work=bibcolaf.hypotheses.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1906]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1966]] 5u9cffgbynjmojmnke6r7u830u4rzbe 1542612 1542268 2026-05-14T09:57:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542612 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis''' '''Marino''' '''Mensah''' '''Covi''' (5 Februari 1906 – 14 Novemba 1966) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Dahomey. Covi alizaliwa tarehe 5 Februari 1906 katika Ouidah. Alipata nafasi ya kujiunga na École William Ponty nchini Senegal mwaka 1919, na pia alisoma katika Aix-en-Provence nchini France. Alirejea Dahomey mwaka 1926 na kuwa kiongozi wa mifumo ya shule za Porto-Novo na baadaye Cotonou. Alihudumu katika Baraza Kuu (General Council) na baadaye katika Bunge la Kieneo (Territorial Assembly). Kuanzia 1957 hadi 1959 alikuwa Rais wa Bunge la Kieneo. Mnamo 30 Aprili 1959, Covi aliteuliwa kuwa seneta katika Jumuiya ya Kifaransa (French Community), ambapo alihudumu hadi 16 Machi 1961. Akiwa humo, alikuwa Katibu wa Kamati ya Elimu ya Juu na mahusiano ya kitamaduni. Pia aliwahi kuwa rais wa Chama cha Umoja wa Dahomey na mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Fedha na Bajeti katika Bunge la Taifa. Alifariki dunia tarehe 14 Novemba 1966 mjini Porto-Novo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://bibcolaf.hypotheses.org/notices-biographiques/francis-covi-1905-1966|work=bibcolaf.hypotheses.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1906]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1966]] pzp86hk3ab0aext0legmculcsc0ch6v 0 234628 1542270 2026-05-13T20:39:46Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Augustine Mtendere''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Utalii, Wanyamapori na Utamaduni nchini Malawi <ref>{{Cite web|title=Behold Malawi Tourism|url=https://africabrief.substack.com/p/behold-malawi-tourism-10-10-10|work=AfricaBrief|date=2010-10-10|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Winston Mwale}}</ref>baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutha...' 1542270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Augustine Mtendere''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Malawi. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Utalii, Wanyamapori na Utamaduni nchini Malawi <ref>{{Cite web|title=Behold Malawi Tourism|url=https://africabrief.substack.com/p/behold-malawi-tourism-10-10-10|work=AfricaBrief|date=2010-10-10|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Winston Mwale}}</ref>baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2010 na [[rais]] wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 9 Agosti 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 6qhfben7pi2wbpzr6j3kyish4iu3wqd 0 234629 1542271 2026-05-13T20:40:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono''' (10 Aprili 1900 – 1 Agosti 1986) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]] na shujaa wa taifa wa Indonesia. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Chama cha Wakatoliki nchini Indonesia, na alikuwa Mkatoliki mwenye asili ya Kijava kama mwenzake wa chama Fredericus Soetrisno Harjadi.<ref name="Crouch2013">{{cite book|author=Melissa Crouch|title=Law and Religion in Indonesia: Conflict and the Courts in West Java|url=https://boo...' 1542271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono''' (10 Aprili 1900 – 1 Agosti 1986) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]] na shujaa wa taifa wa Indonesia. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Chama cha Wakatoliki nchini Indonesia, na alikuwa Mkatoliki mwenye asili ya Kijava kama mwenzake wa chama Fredericus Soetrisno Harjadi.<ref name="Crouch2013">{{cite book|author=Melissa Crouch|title=Law and Religion in Indonesia: Conflict and the Courts in West Java|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7QAVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|date=12 November 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-50829-7|page=51}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kasimo Hendrowahyono, Ignatius Joseph}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 9lyggz0d70rgqser9vm6x2qsr4vhtm7 0 234630 1542272 2026-05-13T20:44:41Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542272 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joachim Dahissiho''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye aliwahi kugombea urais wa Benin mwaka 2011. Katika uchaguzi huo wa urais, alishika nafasi ya 14, akiwa na kura 4,724 ambazo zilikuwa sawa na asilimia 0.19 ya jumla ya kura zilizopigwa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=OurCampaigns|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=272819|work=www.ourcampaigns.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2qalv5gfnxgs5ylkufv1rpr6564fyc0 1542632 1542272 2026-05-14T10:21:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542632 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joachim Dahissiho''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye aliwahi kugombea urais wa Benin mwaka 2011. Katika uchaguzi huo wa urais, alishika nafasi ya 14, akiwa na kura 4,724 ambazo zilikuwa sawa na asilimia 0.19 ya jumla ya kura zilizopigwa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=OurCampaigns|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=272819|work=www.ourcampaigns.com|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e2h6hutxhverv0idqjswrslxtaeygb0 0 234631 1542273 2026-05-13T20:47:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hoerip Satyagraha Prawirodihardjo''' (7 Aprili 1934 – 14 Oktoba 1998), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Oyik''', alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa hadithi zake fupi, baadhi zikiwa na mada ya mauaji ya umati ya Indonesia ya 1965–1966. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Hoerip alizaliwa katika Lamongan Regency tarehe 7 Aprili 1934, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto wanne. Wazazi wake walitoka katika tabaka...' 1542273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hoerip Satyagraha Prawirodihardjo''' (7 Aprili 1934 – 14 Oktoba 1998), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Oyik''', alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa hadithi zake fupi, baadhi zikiwa na mada ya mauaji ya umati ya Indonesia ya 1965–1966. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Hoerip alizaliwa katika Lamongan Regency tarehe 7 Aprili 1934, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto wanne. Wazazi wake walitoka katika tabaka la kifalme la Kijava na walikuwa watumishi wa serikali ya kikoloni, huku mama yake akiwa binamu wa rais wa baadaye [[Sukarno]]. Kwa muda alisoma katika shule ya msingi ya Kiholanzi (Europeesche Lagere School), kabla ya kukamilisha elimu ya sekondari ya kati na ya juu katika maeneo mbalimbali ya East Java katika Indonesia huru. Akiwa shule ya sekondari ya juu, alisoma chini ya mwandishi wa riwaya Iwan Simatupang.<ref name="ensi"/> He for a time studied at a Dutch Europeesche Lagere School, before completing his middle and high school education across East Java in independent Indonesia. While in high school, he studied under novelist Iwan Simatupang.<ref name="ensi">{{cite web |title=Satyagraha Hoerip (1934—1998) |url=http://ensiklopedia.kemdikbud.go.id/sastra/artikel/Satyagraha_Hoerip |publisher=[[Ministry of Education and Culture (Indonesia)|Ministry of Education and Culture]] |access-date=18 April 2022 |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 1xibjhqbhy2n3bdiq5ywj6s7dpwgxt1 0 234632 1542275 2026-05-13T20:52:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Charles Honoris''' (alizaliwa Jakarta, 23 Julai 1984) ni mwanachama wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la [[Indonesia]] kutoka chama cha Indonesian Democratic Party - Struggle (PDI-P). Alichaguliwa kuwakilisha eneo la DKI Jakarta III.<ref>[http://dct.kpu.go.id/images/dokumen/DPR/3103/04/07.pdf DCT KPU] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907213234/http://dct.kpu.go.id/images/dokumen/DPR/3103/04/07.pdf |date=2014-09-07 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-m...' 1542275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Honoris''' (alizaliwa Jakarta, 23 Julai 1984) ni mwanachama wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la [[Indonesia]] kutoka chama cha Indonesian Democratic Party - Struggle (PDI-P). Alichaguliwa kuwakilisha eneo la DKI Jakarta III.<ref>[http://dct.kpu.go.id/images/dokumen/DPR/3103/04/07.pdf DCT KPU] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907213234/http://dct.kpu.go.id/images/dokumen/DPR/3103/04/07.pdf |date=2014-09-07 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Honoris, Charles}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hz31ad5p1yg6h1u56b7vvhy2dugk60h 0 234633 1542278 2026-05-13T20:55:41Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tshepo''' ni jina la jinsia moja la Kiafrika lenye maana ya matumaini na linalotokana na kitenzi cha Sesotho 'tshepa', ambacho kinamaanisha matumaini. Watu wenye jina hili ni pamoja na: * Tshepo Manong - Sheria ya heshima ya Barry White [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] 1d72313q80j2ec7m2vxafyrrat4snd6 0 234634 1542280 2026-05-13T20:59:03Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Berlian Hutauruk''' (alizaliwa 11 Oktoba 1957, Jakarta) ni mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]] wa sauti ya juu ([[soprano]]) mwenye asili ya Kibatak. Alianza kazi yake kwa kuimba muziki wa kidini kanisani, kisha baadaye akaimba nyimbo za filamu na kutoa albamu ya solo. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuimba wimbo "Badai Pasti Berlalu", ambao ''Rolling Stone Indonesia'' uliuchagua kama wimbo wa tatu bora zaidi wa Indonesia wa wakati wote mwaka 2009. == Wasifu == Berlian Hu...' 1542280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Berlian Hutauruk''' (alizaliwa 11 Oktoba 1957, Jakarta) ni mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]] wa sauti ya juu ([[soprano]]) mwenye asili ya Kibatak. Alianza kazi yake kwa kuimba muziki wa kidini kanisani, kisha baadaye akaimba nyimbo za filamu na kutoa albamu ya solo. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuimba wimbo "Badai Pasti Berlalu", ambao ''Rolling Stone Indonesia'' uliuchagua kama wimbo wa tatu bora zaidi wa Indonesia wa wakati wote mwaka 2009. == Wasifu == Berlian Hutauruk alizaliwa Jakarta tarehe 11 Oktoba 1957. Mwaka 1968 alishiriki katika kipindi cha televisheni ''Ayo Menyanyi'' kwenye Televisi Republik Indonesia. Baada ya kumaliza elimu ya sekondari ya chini, alisoma katika chuo cha uandishi wa sekretarieti.<ref name=gov>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/3839 |title=Berlian Hutauruk |language=Indonesian |publisher=Jakarta City Government |accessdate=11 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328040404/http://www.jakarta.go.id/jakv1/encyclopedia/detail/3839 |archive-date=28 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hutauruk, Berlian}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6yc4i8tm8h8eaeuqw37rqdaezneuipj 0 234635 1542283 2026-05-13T21:03:41Z Donald Mande 81505 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Densi ya Borrowdale ('''inajulikana pia kama densi ya farasi), ni mojawapo ya ngoma za asili za [[Zimbabwe]]. Jina hilo limetokana na uwanja wa mbio za farasi ulioko Borrowdale huko mji mkuu Zimbabwe, [[Harare]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=YjoVCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1321&dq=%22Borrowdale+dance%22&redir_esc=y#q=%22Borrowdale%20dance%22|title=Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society|last=Falola|first=Toyin|last2=Jean-Jacques|first2=Daniel|date=2015-12-14|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-59884-666-9|language=en}}</ref>.Densi hiyo inatambulika kwa hatua za miguu zenye mapambo ikiambatana na miondoko ya mwili kwa kasi inayofanana na mbio za farasi. Densi hiyo ilipendwa na wanachama wa kundi la Khiama Boyz, akiwemo Macheso, Madzibaba Nicholas Zakaria, na Tazvida. == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Utamaduni wa Zimbabwe]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] tph9ct8c7eumtzn8pp3t9l8gs04v2c4 0 234636 1542284 2026-05-13T21:08:00Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1335423530|Tezira Jamwa]]" 1542284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Constituent Assembly Delegate]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> 470pnu39b753hjryvu0li15hkbw8gi9 1542285 1542284 2026-05-13T21:08:51Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Constituent Assembly Delegate]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 03klf8lzcmaued5fxnvq0ey1o2l0m65 1542288 1542285 2026-05-13T21:12:18Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 60ncwze9nn0njn1ucajktm9bvhazdx5 1542289 1542288 2026-05-13T21:14:52Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} kzkwz17umybbdjytngmr7mfndjup4ft 1542299 1542289 2026-05-13T21:22:31Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD). Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ont7gp0kzj3pfirykcqy791rkgxwg6u 1542304 1542299 2026-05-13T21:27:15Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} d1fxf7cza2w8d9fhnvv0u4s89n59yvq 1542307 1542304 2026-05-13T21:29:44Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} tq351linb166ymyit2boimechx0582p 1542310 1542307 2026-05-13T21:33:31Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} aiwdpry6fgdh4ntqwm7m3ibge6p9bu0 1542313 1542310 2026-05-13T21:36:30Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} odiwfyyt9o7d86uriwfyiv93oulgykf 1542318 1542313 2026-05-13T21:39:30Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 15sx6vsbiferaladjv96kcfvkkaopiy 1542321 1542318 2026-05-13T21:42:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1542321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 2z43cyoh073pe5wia5801tc3smq407b 1542323 1542321 2026-05-13T21:43:34Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=[[National Resistance Movement]]}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ===Siasa=== Aliteuliwa kuwa Kamishna Mkazi wa Wilaya (RDC) wa Wilaya ya Kaberamaido, nafasi aliyojiuzulu mwaka wa 2005 ili aweze kuchaguliwa kwa uchaguzi mkuu wa Uganda wa 2006. Hata hivyo, mwaka wa 2012, iliripotiwa kwamba alikuwa na muhula wa kugombea katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo. Bado alishikilia wadhifa huo huo mwaka wa 2015 alipowania nafasi ya Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Ligi ya Wanawake ya Vuguvugu la Kitaifa la Upinzani (NRM) akiwakilisha eneo la mashariki. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} 2bqtc64ahjyjfd6wg628txn06as1do4 1542325 1542323 2026-05-13T21:45:27Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=[[University of Arkansas]] {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=National Resistance Movement}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ===Siasa=== Aliteuliwa kuwa Kamishna Mkazi wa Wilaya (RDC) wa Wilaya ya Kaberamaido, nafasi aliyojiuzulu mwaka wa 2005 ili aweze kuchaguliwa kwa uchaguzi mkuu wa Uganda wa 2006. Hata hivyo, mwaka wa 2012, iliripotiwa kwamba alikuwa na muhula wa kugombea katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo. Bado alishikilia wadhifa huo huo mwaka wa 2015 alipowania nafasi ya Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Ligi ya Wanawake ya Vuguvugu la Kitaifa la Upinzani (NRM) akiwakilisha eneo la mashariki. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} qqfw81gqogowbqfmuv1momfaks7g8gg 1542327 1542325 2026-05-13T21:47:02Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=University of Arkansas {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=National Resistance Movement}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ===Siasa=== Aliteuliwa kuwa Kamishna Mkazi wa Wilaya (RDC) wa Wilaya ya Kaberamaido, nafasi aliyojiuzulu mwaka wa 2005 ili aweze kuchaguliwa kwa uchaguzi mkuu wa Uganda wa 2006. Hata hivyo, mwaka wa 2012, iliripotiwa kwamba alikuwa na muhula wa kugombea katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo. Bado alishikilia wadhifa huo huo mwaka wa 2015 alipowania nafasi ya Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Ligi ya Wanawake ya Vuguvugu la Kitaifa la Upinzani (NRM) akiwakilisha eneo la mashariki. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} p09wm2m5hn38i3l35fk1ypyt9zroffe 1542330 1542327 2026-05-13T21:49:53Z Elizabeth Samwel 75873 1542330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|birth_place=[[Tororo District]], Uganda|alma_mater=University of Arkansas {{Small|([[Master of Public Administration|MPA]])}}|office=[[1994 Ugandan Constituent Assembly election|Mjumbe wa Bunge la Katiba]]|term=1994–1995|constituency=Tororo|party=National Resistance Movement}}'''Tezira Jamwa''' ni mwalimu, mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa anayetetea haki za wanawake nchini Uganda. Aliwakilisha [[Tororo]] katika Bunge la Katiba la 1994 na baadaye alikuwa Mjumbe wa Bunge kwa Wilaya ya Kaskazini ya West Budama katika Bunge la sita la Uganda (1996-2001).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CMIS Repository {{!}} Parliament of Uganda|url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=5247c525-5e20-4b76-8760-4b4479d77dbf;1.0|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=www.parliament.go.ug}}</ref> Pia ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa shirika la ''Forum for Women in Democracy'' (FOWODE) na pia alitumikia katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|date=7 January 2021|title=Female faces emerging on the political horizon|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/female-faces-emerging-on-the-political-horizon-1622966|accessdate=2022-04-01|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jamwa Elected FOWODE Boss|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/news/1024144/jamwa-elected-fowode-boss|accessdate=2025-03-25|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jamwa alizaliwa katika wilaya ya Tororo. Ana shahada ya kwanza katika Kazi za Kijamii na Utawala wa Kijamii. Pia ana diploma ya uzamili na shahada ya Uzamili ya Utawala wa Umma kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Arkansas. ==Kazi== ===Ubunge=== Mnamo 1994, Jamwa alishinda uchaguzi wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba ili kuwawakilisha wanawake wa Tororo kama Mjumbe wa Bunge Maalum la Katiba(CAD).<ref>http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0unescoen--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.2&d=HASH016d9c404a032ce0564b7ae4.11.4&x=1</ref> Alihudumu katika nafasi hii kuanzia 1994 hadi 1995 na baadaye akagombea 2001, Uchaguzi wa wabunge wa Mbunge wa West Budama. Alishindwa na Waziri wa Kazi wa Jimbo la wakati huo, Henry Obbo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC Jamwa resigns|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=Vision Reporter}}</ref> ===Utawala=== Mwaka 1994, Jamwa, sambamba na Winnie Byanyima, Esther Dhugira Opoti, Benigna Mukiibi, Solome Mukisa pamoja na Betty Akech Okullo walianzisha Jukwaa la Wanawake katika Demokrasia (FOWODE), shirika lisilo la kiserikali la uwezeshaji wa wanawake<ref>{{Cite web|title=FOWODE's contribution to women movement can't be ignored|url=https://observer.ug/news/fowode-s-contribution-to-women-movement-can-t-be-ignored/|work=The Observer|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|author=Frank Kisakye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bot Verification|url=https://fowode.org/?doing_wp_cron=1778708287.4997398853302001953125|work=fowode.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> ===Siasa=== Aliteuliwa kuwa Kamishna Mkazi wa Wilaya (RDC) wa Wilaya ya Kaberamaido, nafasi aliyojiuzulu mwaka wa 2005 ili aweze kuchaguliwa kwa uchaguzi mkuu wa Uganda wa 2006. Hata hivyo, mwaka wa 2012, iliripotiwa kwamba alikuwa na muhula wa kugombea katika Tume ya Huduma ya Wilaya ya Tororo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nominees For Tororo District Service Commission Rejected :|url=https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/nominees-for-tororo-district-service-commission-rejected|work=Uganda Radionetwork|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en}}</ref> Bado alishikilia wadhifa huo huo mwaka wa 2015 alipowania nafasi ya Makamu Mwenyekiti wa Ligi ya Wanawake ya Vuguvugu la Kitaifa la Upinzani (NRM) akiwakilisha eneo la mashariki. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ot6o2dpmc5w7g3vrlx507oim0wnm9na 0 234637 1542290 2026-05-13T21:14:59Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marthen Indey''' (1912–1986) alikuwa afisa wa polisi wa kikoloni huko [[New Guinea]], Dutch East Indies, ambaye baadaye aligeuka kuwa mpigania uhuru katika Mapinduzi ya Taifa ya [[Indonesia]] na mfuasi wa Papua kuunganishwa na Indonesia. Alitangazwa kuwa shujaa wa taifa wa Indonesia mwaka 1993 pamoja na watu wengine wawili wenye asili ya Papua, Frans Kaisiepo na Silas Papare.<ref name="KPIT">{{cite book |last1=Muniarti |title=Kumpulan pahlawan Indones...' 1542290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marthen Indey''' (1912–1986) alikuwa afisa wa polisi wa kikoloni huko [[New Guinea]], Dutch East Indies, ambaye baadaye aligeuka kuwa mpigania uhuru katika Mapinduzi ya Taifa ya [[Indonesia]] na mfuasi wa Papua kuunganishwa na Indonesia. Alitangazwa kuwa shujaa wa taifa wa Indonesia mwaka 1993 pamoja na watu wengine wawili wenye asili ya Papua, Frans Kaisiepo na Silas Papare.<ref name="KPIT">{{cite book |last1=Muniarti |title=Kumpulan pahlawan Indonesia terlengkap |publisher=CIF |location=Mekarsari, Cimanggis, Depok |isbn=9789797883430 |pages=203–4 |edition=Cetakan I}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Indey, Marthen}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 40h76cy435c51dh5fp1awf49fe1wckf 0 234638 1542295 2026-05-13T21:20:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Iroth Sonny Edhie''' (alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971) ni jenerali wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mkuu wa Signal Corps ya Jeshi la Indonesia. Amehudumu katika nafasi hiyo tangu 17 Novemba 2023. Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika Kamandi ya Akiba ya Mkakati ya Jeshi na Wizara ya Ulinzi ya Indonesia, ikiwemo kuwa mkalimani wa Waziri wa Ulinzi Ryamizard Ryacudu. == Kazi == Edhie alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971. Alianza kazi...' 1542295 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iroth Sonny Edhie''' (alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971) ni jenerali wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mkuu wa Signal Corps ya Jeshi la Indonesia. Amehudumu katika nafasi hiyo tangu 17 Novemba 2023. Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika Kamandi ya Akiba ya Mkakati ya Jeshi na Wizara ya Ulinzi ya Indonesia, ikiwemo kuwa mkalimani wa Waziri wa Ulinzi Ryamizard Ryacudu. == Kazi == Edhie alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971. Alianza kazi yake ya kijeshi baada ya kuhitimu katika Indonesian Military Academy mwaka 1993 na baadaye akapitia mafunzo ya msingi ya mawasiliano mwaka 1994. Alitumwa katika Kamandi ya Akiba ya Mkakati ya Jeshi, ambapo alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali kuanzia kamanda wa kikosi kidogo hadi kampuni. Katika kipindi chote cha huduma yake, Edhie alihudhuria mafunzo mbalimbali ya kijeshi ndani na nje ya Indonesia. Mwezi Desemba 1999 aliteuliwa kuwa kamanda wa kampuni ya mawasiliano katika Kikosi cha 1 cha Kostrad, na alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi Julai 2002.<ref name=":2" /> Baadaye alihamishiwa kwenye Shirika la Ujasusi wa Kimkakati la Jeshi kwa miaka miwili. Kisha alitumwa katika ubalozi wa Indonesia mjini London, ambapo alihudumu kama msaidizi wa afisa wa uhusiano wa kijeshi. Alikaa katika nafasi hiyo kwa miaka mitatu hadi Desemba 2007, kisha akarudi tena kwenye Shirika la Ujasusi wa Kimkakati la Jeshi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Event on 30 June 2021: Live Webinar: Cyber Crime and Security: The State of Play in the Indo-Pacific|url=https://www.indopacificcentre.com.sg/cyber-crime-and-security-the-state-of-play-in-the-indo-pacific/|website=Indo Pacific Centre|access-date=9 October 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Edhie, Iroth Sonny}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sfxp9vfqs3cg1psohw4sbdx2pffexqx 1542629 1542295 2026-05-14T10:15:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542629 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iroth Sonny Edhie''' (alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971) ni jenerali wa Jeshi la [[Indonesia]] ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Mkuu wa Signal Corps ya Jeshi la Indonesia. Amehudumu katika nafasi hiyo tangu 17 Novemba 2023. Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali katika Kamandi ya Akiba ya Mkakati ya Jeshi na Wizara ya Ulinzi ya Indonesia, ikiwemo kuwa mkalimani wa Waziri wa Ulinzi Ryamizard Ryacudu. == Kazi == Edhie alizaliwa 15 Julai 1971. Alianza kazi yake ya kijeshi baada ya kuhitimu katika Indonesian Military Academy mwaka 1993 na baadaye akapitia mafunzo ya msingi ya mawasiliano mwaka 1994. Alitumwa katika Kamandi ya Akiba ya Mkakati ya Jeshi, ambapo alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali kuanzia kamanda wa kikosi kidogo hadi kampuni. Katika kipindi chote cha huduma yake, Edhie alihudhuria mafunzo mbalimbali ya kijeshi ndani na nje ya Indonesia. Mwezi Desemba 1999 aliteuliwa kuwa kamanda wa kampuni ya mawasiliano katika Kikosi cha 1 cha Kostrad, na alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi Julai 2002.<ref name=":2" /> Baadaye alihamishiwa kwenye Shirika la Ujasusi wa Kimkakati la Jeshi kwa miaka miwili. Kisha alitumwa katika ubalozi wa Indonesia mjini London, ambapo alihudumu kama msaidizi wa afisa wa uhusiano wa kijeshi. Alikaa katika nafasi hiyo kwa miaka mitatu hadi Desemba 2007, kisha akarudi tena kwenye Shirika la Ujasusi wa Kimkakati la Jeshi.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Event on 30 June 2021: Live Webinar: Cyber Crime and Security: The State of Play in the Indo-Pacific|url=https://www.indopacificcentre.com.sg/cyber-crime-and-security-the-state-of-play-in-the-indo-pacific/|website=Indo Pacific Centre|access-date=9 October 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Edhie, Iroth Sonny}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] grupt3qimgkd8ylto97cwlrnx1abzwd 0 234639 1542308 2026-05-13T21:29:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jessica Iskandar''' (alizaliwa 29 Januari 1988) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo, mtangazaji, na mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]].<ref name=Bradley>Bradley, Grant. "[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=10848009 Stars get Indonesia hungry for NZ travel]." ''[[New Zealand Herald]]''. Saturday 17 November 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013. "Indonesian celebrity chef Farah Quinn arrived yesterday to film cooking shows that will be fronted b...' 1542308 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jessica Iskandar''' (alizaliwa 29 Januari 1988) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo, mtangazaji, na mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]].<ref name=Bradley>Bradley, Grant. "[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=10848009 Stars get Indonesia hungry for NZ travel]." ''[[New Zealand Herald]]''. Saturday 17 November 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013. "Indonesian celebrity chef Farah Quinn arrived yesterday to film cooking shows that will be fronted by model and actress Jessica Iskandar."</ref> Pia anajulikana kwa jina la utani ''Jedar''. == Maisha ya awali == Jessica Iskandar alizaliwa 29 Januari 1988 mjini [[Jakarta]]. Alikua katika familia yenye dini tofauti, ambapo baba yake Hardi Iskandar ni Muislamu na mama yake Wulandari ni Mkristo wa Kiprotestanti. Yeye ni mtoto wa mwisho wa familia na wa kike pekee akiwa na kaka wanne wakubwa. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Bunda Mulia School. Kisha aliendelea na masomo katika Trisakti University, Jakarta, akichukua Interior Design. Baada ya mihula mitatu, aliacha chuo ili kuendelea na kazi yake ya sanaa. == Kazi == Jessica Iskandar alianza kazi yake kama mwanamitindo baada ya kusoma katika John Casablanca modelling school. Alicheza filamu yake ya kwanza mwaka 2005 kama Kara katika filamu ''Dealova''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=5 Transformasi Jessica Iskandar dari Perjuangannya di Film Dealova & Kini Siap Dipinang Richard Kyle|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2019/12/30/5-transformasi-jessica-iskandar-dari-perjuangannya-di-film-dealova-kini-siap-dipinang-richard-kyle|access-date=15 July 2020|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID}}</ref> Filamu yake iliyofuata ilikuwa ''Diva'' (2007), iliyotengenezwa Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 February 2020|title=The Romantic Tale of Richard Kyle and Jessica Iskandar|url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/tw/people-events/people/the-romantic-tale-of-richard-kyle-and-jessica-iskandar/|access-date=15 July 2020|website=Prestige Online – Taiwan|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Iskandar, Jessica}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tpnc6ivkn77kwhcwsjnzt7gljj9u4k7 1542631 1542308 2026-05-14T10:20:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542631 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jessica Iskandar''' (alizaliwa 29 Januari 1988) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo, mtangazaji, na mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]].<ref name=Bradley>Bradley, Grant. "[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=10848009 Stars get Indonesia hungry for NZ travel]." ''[[New Zealand Herald]]''. Saturday 17 November 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013. "Indonesian celebrity chef Farah Quinn arrived yesterday to film cooking shows that will be fronted by model and actress Jessica Iskandar."</ref> Pia anajulikana kwa jina la utani ''Jedar''. == Maisha ya awali == Jessica Iskandar alizaliwa 29 Januari 1988 mjini [[Jakarta]]. Alikua katika familia yenye dini tofauti, ambapo baba yake Hardi Iskandar ni Muislamu na mama yake Wulandari ni Mkristo wa Kiprotestanti. Yeye ni mtoto wa mwisho wa familia na wa kike pekee akiwa na kaka wanne wakubwa. Alimaliza elimu ya sekondari katika Bunda Mulia School. Kisha aliendelea na masomo katika Trisakti University, Jakarta, akichukua Interior Design. Baada ya mihula mitatu, aliacha chuo ili kuendelea na kazi yake ya sanaa. == Kazi == Jessica Iskandar alianza kazi yake kama mwanamitindo baada ya kusoma katika John Casablanca modelling school. Alicheza filamu yake ya kwanza mwaka 2005 kama Kara katika filamu ''Dealova''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=5 Transformasi Jessica Iskandar dari Perjuangannya di Film Dealova & Kini Siap Dipinang Richard Kyle|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2019/12/30/5-transformasi-jessica-iskandar-dari-perjuangannya-di-film-dealova-kini-siap-dipinang-richard-kyle|access-date=15 July 2020|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID}}</ref> Filamu yake iliyofuata ilikuwa ''Diva'' (2007), iliyotengenezwa Malaysia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=14 February 2020|title=The Romantic Tale of Richard Kyle and Jessica Iskandar|url=https://www.prestigeonline.com/tw/people-events/people/the-romantic-tale-of-richard-kyle-and-jessica-iskandar/|access-date=15 July 2020|website=Prestige Online – Taiwan|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Iskandar, Jessica}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3w6a0au5c72hd66k013i28st39m765y 0 234640 1542311 2026-05-13T21:34:58Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eduard Ivakdalam'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Ivakdalam profile|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/edward-ivakdalam/46495/|work=soccerway.com}}](https://int.soccerway.com/players/edward-ivakdalam/46495/|work=soccerway.com}})</ref> (amezaliwa 19 Desemba 1974 huko Merauke, Irian Jaya) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Ivakdalam hucheza zaidi kama kiungo na alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa Timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu...' 1542311 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eduard Ivakdalam'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Ivakdalam profile|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/edward-ivakdalam/46495/|work=soccerway.com}}](https://int.soccerway.com/players/edward-ivakdalam/46495/|work=soccerway.com}})</ref> (amezaliwa 19 Desemba 1974 huko Merauke, Irian Jaya) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Ivakdalam hucheza zaidi kama kiungo na alikuwa mchezaji wa zamani wa Timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Indonesia. == Historia ya timu ya taifa == Ivakdalam aliichezea Indonesia katika mashindano matatu: Kombe la Mataifa ya Asia 1996, Michezo ya SEA ya Mpira wa Miguu 1997, na Kombe la Mataifa ya Asia 2000. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ireland]] 7thd92on4cmbtwcatt6cnnznkyz1vb3 0 234641 1542316 2026-05-13T21:38:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Helmi Johannes''' (amezaliwa 23 Machi 1961) ni mtangazaji wa habari wa televisheni wa Indonesia na mtayarishaji mkuu. Kwa sasa Helmi Johannes anafanya kazi katika huduma ya Indonesia ya Voice of America (VOA), yenye makao yake mjini [[Washington, DC]].<ref>[[http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm](http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm)] {{webarchive |url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111064118/http://www.voanews.com/indo...' 1542316 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helmi Johannes''' (amezaliwa 23 Machi 1961) ni mtangazaji wa habari wa televisheni wa Indonesia na mtayarishaji mkuu. Kwa sasa Helmi Johannes anafanya kazi katika huduma ya Indonesia ya Voice of America (VOA), yenye makao yake mjini [[Washington, DC]].<ref>[[http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm](http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm)] {{webarchive |url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090111064118/http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm](https://web.archive.org/web/20090111064118/http://www.voanews.com/indonesian/Helmi-Johannes.cfm) |date=January 11, 2009 }}</ref> Helmi anahusika na usimamizi wa jumla wa uzalishaji wa vipindi, uendelezaji wa programu, vipaji, na shughuli za kila siku za programu za televisheni za VOA Indonesian. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] kntmwxw9vlispv4lp1qqbc29vdds2d2 0 234642 1542320 2026-05-13T21:41:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herman Johannes''' (28 Mei 1912 – 17 Oktober 1992) alikuwa profesa, mwanasayansi, mwanasiasa na Shujaa wa Taifa wa [[Indonesia]]. Johannes alikuwa mkuu wa Universitas Gadjah Mada mjini Yogyakarta (1961–1966), Mratibu wa Elimu ya Juu kuanzia 1966 hadi 1979, mjumbe wa Baraza la Ushauri la Rais la Indonesia (Dewan Pertimbangan Agung au DPA) kuanzia 1968 hadi 1978, na Waziri wa Ujenzi wa Umma na Nishati (1950–1951). Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Bodi ya Utend...' 1542320 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herman Johannes''' (28 Mei 1912 – 17 Oktober 1992) alikuwa profesa, mwanasayansi, mwanasiasa na Shujaa wa Taifa wa [[Indonesia]]. Johannes alikuwa mkuu wa Universitas Gadjah Mada mjini Yogyakarta (1961–1966), Mratibu wa Elimu ya Juu kuanzia 1966 hadi 1979, mjumbe wa Baraza la Ushauri la Rais la Indonesia (Dewan Pertimbangan Agung au DPA) kuanzia 1968 hadi 1978, na Waziri wa Ujenzi wa Umma na Nishati (1950–1951). Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa Bodi ya Utendaji ya [[UNESCO]] kuanzia 1954 hadi 1957.<ref>[http://erc.unesco.org/cp/cp.asp?country=ID&language=E Representation on the Executive Board, UNESCO] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018051422/http://erc.unesco.org/cp/cp.asp?country=id&language=e |date=18 October 2009 }}. Erc.unesco.org.</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Johannes, Herman}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] j9538rnd9akkrce3mxrosxmhy10io67 0 234643 1542326 2026-05-13T21:45:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes''' (1895 – 4 Septemba 1952) alikuwa daktari wa [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika [[radiolojia]]. Johannes alikuwa daktari wa kwanza wa Kiindonesia kujifunza [[radiolojia]] katika hospitali ya CBZ (Civil Hospital) iliyokuwa [[Jakarta|Batavia]], na baadaye akawa mtaalamu wa teknolojia ya mionzi ya X (mionzi ya Röntgen) na alichangia sana katika maendeleo ya masomo ya tiba nchini [[Indonesia]]. Serikali ya Indonesia ilimtunukia...' 1542326 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes''' (1895 – 4 Septemba 1952) alikuwa daktari wa [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika [[radiolojia]]. Johannes alikuwa daktari wa kwanza wa Kiindonesia kujifunza [[radiolojia]] katika hospitali ya CBZ (Civil Hospital) iliyokuwa [[Jakarta|Batavia]], na baadaye akawa mtaalamu wa teknolojia ya mionzi ya X (mionzi ya Röntgen) na alichangia sana katika maendeleo ya masomo ya tiba nchini [[Indonesia]]. Serikali ya Indonesia ilimtunukia WZ Johannes heshima ya kuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa Indonesia, na jina lake likatumika kwa hospitali ya kijeshi ya Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes iliyopo Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Kama heshima zaidi, jina lake lilibebwa na meli ya Jeshi la Wanamaji la Indonesia, KRI Wilhelmus Zakarias Yohannes. Johannes alifariki mwaka 1952 na akazikwa katika Makaburi ya Jati Petamburan, Jakarta ya Kati. WZ Johannes alikuwa binamu wa Profesa Herman Johannes, profesa wa Indonesia aliyewahi kuwa Rekta wa Chuo Kikuu cha Gadjah Mada, na mjomba wa [[Helmi Johannes]], mtangazaji wa habari na mtayarishaji mkuu wa Voice of America Indonesian mjini [[Washington DC]].<ref>Zaidir Djalal. *Prof. Dr. W.Z. Yohannes*. Jakarta: Mutiara, 1978.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1895|1952}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] gydhqqnh6pnnh2d90m97lztxr38np0b 0 234645 1542334 2026-05-13T21:52:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ignasius Jonan''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1963) ni mtaalamu wa Indonesia ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Nishati na Rasilimali Madini wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Jokowi Announces Names of Cabinet Members|url=http://en.tempo.co/read/news/2014/10/26/055617136/Jokowi-Announces-Names-of-Cabinet-Members|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo]]|date=26 October 2014}}</ref> Alihudumu chini ya utawala wa Rais [[Joko Widodo]]...' 1542334 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ignasius Jonan''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1963) ni mtaalamu wa Indonesia ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Nishati na Rasilimali Madini wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Jokowi Announces Names of Cabinet Members|url=http://en.tempo.co/read/news/2014/10/26/055617136/Jokowi-Announces-Names-of-Cabinet-Members|accessdate=16 April 2016|publisher=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo]]|date=26 October 2014}}</ref> Alihudumu chini ya utawala wa Rais [[Joko Widodo]] katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Kazi. Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi wa Indonesia na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa kampuni ya reli inayomilikiwa na serikali ya Indonesia, PT Kereta Api Indonesia (PT KAI), ambayo aliiendesha kuanzia 2009 hadi 2014.<ref>{{cite web | title=Ignasius Jonan, Mimpi Bawa PT KAI Sekelas Perusahaan Eropa | accessdate = 16 April 2016| url = http://bisnis.liputan6.com/read/2073020/ignasius-jonan-mimpi-bawa-pt-kai-sekelas-perusahaan-eropa|date=11 July 2014}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jonan, Ignasius}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4ax0ufogel9rg6axfbt6qm599bjl83l 0 234646 1542338 2026-05-13T21:58:47Z Family 001 70423 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542338 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maïga''' ni jina au cheo kinachopatikana sana miongoni mwa watukufu wa Songhai, likiashiria asili ya Askia Muhammad I na Sonni Ali Ber. Jina Maiga ni jina la ukoo linalotumika sana miongoni mwa watu wa Songhai huko Mali, [[Niger]], na nchi zingine za [[Afrika ya Magharibi|Afrika Magharibi]] zenye idadi kubwa ya watu wa Songhai. Nchini Niger, jina Maïga wakati mwingine hutumika kumaanisha utambulisho wa jumla wa Wasonghaiborai, badala ya kuwa jina la cheo cha kiungwana. Katika muktadha huu, hutumika kama utambulisho wa kikabila kurejelea watu wenye asili ya Songhai.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=GFFjEMjKrWkC&dq=maiga+hamey&pg=PA310&redir_esc=y|title=Historical Dictionary of Niger|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|last2=Decalo|first2=Samuel|date=2012-06-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7090-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=4v59GO-H5oIC&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA79&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=Ma Parole S'achète: Money, Identity and Meaning in Malian Jeliya|last=Roth|first=Molly|date=2008|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-8258-1352-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=C_81GDrKNy8C&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA96&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=Women's Voices from West Africa: An Anthology of Songs from the Sahel|last=Sidikou|first=Aissata G.|last2=Hale|first2=Thomas A.|date=2012-02-23|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-35670-3|language=en}}</ref> == Asili ya Jina == Asili ya jina hilo inasemekana kumaanisha "Mai" ambalo lina maana ya "mtawala" na "Ga" ambalo lina maana ya "ardhi" katika lugha ya Songhai. Wengine pia wanapendekeza kwamba Maiga linamaanisha "msaada" au "toa". Katika muktadha wa sasa, Maïga linamaanisha "yule anayehitajika kusaidia" kwa sababu walikuwa tabaka la juu waliohitajika kutoa msaada kwa tabaka la chini katika nyakati za kale.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=QSczAQAAQBAJ&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA127&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=The Yearning for Relief: A History of the Sawaba Movement in Niger|last=Walraven|first=Klaas van|date=2013-02-05|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-24575-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=jnS9wSV6FqkC&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=The Epic of Askia Mohammed|last=Hale|first=Thomas Albert|last2=Hale|first2=Thomas A.|date=1996|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-20990-0|language=en}}</ref> == Watu Mashuhuri == * Abdoulaye Idrissa Maïga (kuzaliwa 1958), [[Waziri Mkuu|waziri mkuu]] wa [[Mali]] mwaka 2017 * Mohamadou Djibrilla Maïga, Mwanasiasa wa [[Nigeria]] * Djingarey Maïga, Mkurugenzi na mwigizaji wa filamu wa Nigeria * Abdoulaye Maïga, balozi wa Mali nchini [[Marekani]] mwaka 1960 na [[Chekoslovakia]], [[Bulgaria]] na [[Romania]] mwaka 1964 * Abdoulaye Maïga (kuzaliwa 1981), aliteuliwa kuwa waziri mkuu wa mpito wa Mali mnamo Agosti 2022 * Boureima Maïga, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa timu ya Burkinabè * Abdoulaye Maïga (kuzaliwa 1988), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Aïssa Maïga (kuzaliwa 1975), Mwigizaji mwenye asili ya [[Senegal|Senegali]]/[[Ufaransa]] * Aminata Maïga Ka (1940–2005), Mwandishi wa Senegali * Choguel Kokalla Maïga (kuzaliwa 1958), waziri mkuu wa Mali 2021–2022 * Aminatou Maïga Touré, Mwanadiplomasia wa Nigeria, Balozi wa Niger nchini Marekani kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi 2010 * Habib Maïga (kuzaliwa 1996), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Ivory Coast]] * Mamadou Maiga (kuzaliwa 1995), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Urusi]] aliyezaliwa Mali * Modibo Maïga (kuzaliwa 1987), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Ousmane Issoufi Maïga (kuzaliwa 1946), waziri mkuu wa Mali mwaka 2004–2007 * Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga (1954–2022), waziri mkuu wa Mali mwaka 2017–2019 * Zhosselina Maiga (kuzaliwa 1996), Mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Urusi * Abou Maïga, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Benin]] * Boncana Maïga (1949–2026), Mtunzi na mwanamuziki wa Mali == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Majina]] junz2iaotj58oks9hg1gqxpkyhegdf0 1542655 1542338 2026-05-14T11:14:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 5 template(s) replaced. 1542655 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maïga''' ni jina au cheo kinachopatikana sana miongoni mwa watukufu wa Songhai, likiashiria asili ya Askia Muhammad I na Sonni Ali Ber. Jina Maiga ni jina la ukoo linalotumika sana miongoni mwa watu wa Songhai huko Mali, [[Niger]], na nchi zingine za [[Afrika ya Magharibi|Afrika Magharibi]] zenye idadi kubwa ya watu wa Songhai. Nchini Niger, jina Maïga wakati mwingine hutumika kumaanisha utambulisho wa jumla wa Wasonghaiborai, badala ya kuwa jina la cheo cha kiungwana. Katika muktadha huu, hutumika kama utambulisho wa kikabila kurejelea watu wenye asili ya Songhai.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=GFFjEMjKrWkC&dq=maiga+hamey&pg=PA310&redir_esc=y|title=Historical Dictionary of Niger|last=Idrissa|first=Abdourahmane|last2=Decalo|first2=Samuel|date=2012-06-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7090-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=4v59GO-H5oIC&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA79&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=Ma Parole S'achète: Money, Identity and Meaning in Malian Jeliya|last=Roth|first=Molly|date=2008|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-8258-1352-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=C_81GDrKNy8C&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA96&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=Women's Voices from West Africa: An Anthology of Songs from the Sahel|last=Sidikou|first=Aissata G.|last2=Hale|first2=Thomas A.|date=2012-02-23|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-35670-3|language=en}}</ref> == Asili ya Jina == Asili ya jina hilo inasemekana kumaanisha "Mai" ambalo lina maana ya "mtawala" na "Ga" ambalo lina maana ya "ardhi" katika lugha ya Songhai. Wengine pia wanapendekeza kwamba Maiga linamaanisha "msaada" au "toa". Katika muktadha wa sasa, Maïga linamaanisha "yule anayehitajika kusaidia" kwa sababu walikuwa tabaka la juu waliohitajika kutoa msaada kwa tabaka la chini katika nyakati za kale.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=QSczAQAAQBAJ&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA127&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=The Yearning for Relief: A History of the Sawaba Movement in Niger|last=Walraven|first=Klaas van|date=2013-02-05|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-24575-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=jnS9wSV6FqkC&dq=maiga+noble&pg=PA4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=maiga%20noble&f=false|title=The Epic of Askia Mohammed|last=Hale|first=Thomas Albert|last2=Hale|first2=Thomas A.|date=1996|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-20990-0|language=en}}</ref> == Watu Mashuhuri == * Abdoulaye Idrissa Maïga (kuzaliwa 1958), [[Waziri Mkuu|waziri mkuu]] wa [[Mali]] mwaka 2017 * Mohamadou Djibrilla Maïga, Mwanasiasa wa [[Nigeria]] * Djingarey Maïga, Mkurugenzi na mwigizaji wa filamu wa Nigeria * Abdoulaye Maïga, balozi wa Mali nchini [[Marekani]] mwaka 1960 na [[Chekoslovakia]], [[Bulgaria]] na [[Romania]] mwaka 1964 * Abdoulaye Maïga (kuzaliwa 1981), aliteuliwa kuwa waziri mkuu wa mpito wa Mali mnamo Agosti 2022 * Boureima Maïga, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa timu ya Burkinabè * Abdoulaye Maïga (kuzaliwa 1988), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Aïssa Maïga (kuzaliwa 1975), Mwigizaji mwenye asili ya [[Senegal|Senegali]]/[[Ufaransa]] * Aminata Maïga Ka (1940–2005), Mwandishi wa Senegali * Choguel Kokalla Maïga (kuzaliwa 1958), waziri mkuu wa Mali 2021–2022 * Aminatou Maïga Touré, Mwanadiplomasia wa Nigeria, Balozi wa Niger nchini Marekani kuanzia mwaka 2006 hadi 2010 * Habib Maïga (kuzaliwa 1996), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Kodivaa|Ivory Coast]] * Mamadou Maiga (kuzaliwa 1995), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Urusi]] aliyezaliwa Mali * Modibo Maïga (kuzaliwa 1987), Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Mali * Ousmane Issoufi Maïga (kuzaliwa 1946), waziri mkuu wa Mali mwaka 2004–2007 * Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga (1954–2022), waziri mkuu wa Mali mwaka 2017–2019 * Zhosselina Maiga (kuzaliwa 1996), Mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Urusi * Abou Maïga, Mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Benin]] * Boncana Maïga (1949–2026), Mtunzi na mwanamuziki wa Mali == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Majina]] mu40q52jiiu2jfai4vlsw8hv2vca6jz 0 234647 1542339 2026-05-13T22:00:07Z Donald Mande 81505 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kanu''' au '''KANU''' inaweza pia kumaanisha: == Watu == * Kanú (mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu,aliyezaliwa 1983, jina kamili Elias de Oliveira Rosa mwanasoka kutoka nchini [[Brazil|Brazili]] * Kanu (mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu,aliyezaliwa 1984, jina kamili António Eduardo Pereira dos Santos mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka nchini Brazili * Kanu (mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu, aliyezaliwa 1987, jina kamili Rubenilson dos Santos da Rocha mwanasoka kutoka nchini Brazili * Kanú (mwanasoka, aliyezaliwa 1992, jina kamili Alexandre Valério mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka nchini Brazili * Christopher Kanu (aliyezaliwa 1979), mwanasoka kutoka nchini [[Nigeria]] * Mohamed Kanu (aliyezaliwa 1968), mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Sierra Leone|Sierra Leonean]] * Nwankwo Kanu (aliyezaliwa 1976), mwanasoka kutoka nchini Nigeria * [[Uchenna Kanu]] (aliyezaliwa 1997), mwanasoka kutoka nchini Nigeria * Hal Robson-Kanu (aliyezaliwa 1989), mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Welsh == Matumizi mengine == * Kanu (caste), tabaka nchini India * KANU (FM), stesheni ya redio Lawrence, Kansas, United States * ''Kanu'' (play) igizo la Kabuki linalojumuishwa katika orodha ya ''Kabuki Jūhachiban'' * [[Kenya African National Union]], chama cha siasa [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira]] j6pdeupae97j7jdjxwe9a4dvve278lj 0 234648 1542340 2026-05-13T22:00:58Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Angelina Wilhelmina Karamoy''' (amezaliwa 16 Januari 1987)<ref name="Kompas"/> ni mwigizaji na mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kuigiza katika tamthilia yake ya kwanza ya ''Saras 008'' kwenye kituo cha Indosiar. == Wasifu == Karamoy alizaliwa Sulawesi Kaskazini katika familia ya Kikristo. Alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji kupitia matangazo ya televisheni. Baadaye alishiriki katika tamthilia nyingi za mfululizo (soap opera) kama vile ''Kala Cinta Meng...' 1542340 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angelina Wilhelmina Karamoy''' (amezaliwa 16 Januari 1987)<ref name="Kompas"/> ni mwigizaji na mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kuigiza katika tamthilia yake ya kwanza ya ''Saras 008'' kwenye kituo cha Indosiar. == Wasifu == Karamoy alizaliwa Sulawesi Kaskazini katika familia ya Kikristo. Alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji kupitia matangazo ya televisheni. Baadaye alishiriki katika tamthilia nyingi za mfululizo (soap opera) kama vile ''Kala Cinta Menggoda'', ''Pelangi Di Matamu 2'', ''Mukjizat Itu Nyata'', na ''Kurindu Jiwaku''. Alipata umaarufu zaidi alipochukua nafasi ya mhusika Lala aliyekuwa akiigizwa na Marshanda katika ''Bidadari 3''. Pia alitoa albamu ya nyimbo za kiroho iitwayo ''Mukjizat Itu Nyata''. Karamoy alialikwa kama mgeni maalum katika kipindi cha vichekesho ''Opera Van Java'' kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2014. Wakati wa mwezi wa [[Ramadhani]], aliigiza kama mfanyakazi wa nyumbani katika kipindi ''Ini Sahur'' kwenye MDTV. Karamoy alifunga ndoa na Steven McJames Rumangkang tarehe 26 Januari 2008 katika Jakarta Convention Center.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pernikahan Angel dan Steve Termegah Tahun Ini|url=[https://www.liputan6.com/showbiz/read/227112/pernikahan-angel-dan-steve-termegah-tahun-ini|website=Liputan6|date=27](https://www.liputan6.com/showbiz/read/227112/pernikahan-angel-dan-steve-termegah-tahun-ini|website=Liputan6|date=27) January 2008|access-date=20 January 2026|language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 7f4yfo137yeipwkx2f4qcqcapyi0o3k 1542341 1542340 2026-05-13T22:02:00Z Valuegirl 87699 1542341 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angelina Wilhelmina Karamoy''' (amezaliwa 16 Januari 1987) ni mwigizaji na mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kuigiza katika tamthilia yake ya kwanza ya ''Saras 008'' kwenye kituo cha Indosiar. == Wasifu == Karamoy alizaliwa Sulawesi Kaskazini katika familia ya Kikristo. Alianza kazi yake ya uigizaji kupitia matangazo ya televisheni. Baadaye alishiriki katika tamthilia nyingi za mfululizo (soap opera) kama vile ''Kala Cinta Menggoda'', ''Pelangi Di Matamu 2'', ''Mukjizat Itu Nyata'', na ''Kurindu Jiwaku''. Alipata umaarufu zaidi alipochukua nafasi ya mhusika Lala aliyekuwa akiigizwa na Marshanda katika ''Bidadari 3''. Pia alitoa albamu ya nyimbo za kiroho iitwayo ''Mukjizat Itu Nyata''. Karamoy alialikwa kama mgeni maalum katika kipindi cha vichekesho ''Opera Van Java'' kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2014. Wakati wa mwezi wa [[Ramadhani]], aliigiza kama mfanyakazi wa nyumbani katika kipindi ''Ini Sahur'' kwenye MDTV. Karamoy alifunga ndoa na Steven McJames Rumangkang tarehe 26 Januari 2008 katika Jakarta Convention Center.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pernikahan Angel dan Steve Termegah Tahun Ini|url=[https://www.liputan6.com/showbiz/read/227112/pernikahan-angel-dan-steve-termegah-tahun-ini|website=Liputan6|date=27](https://www.liputan6.com/showbiz/read/227112/pernikahan-angel-dan-steve-termegah-tahun-ini|website=Liputan6|date=27) January 2008|access-date=20 January 2026|language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1987|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] os0e68630jzumvuueocwjdw9ui06irb 0 234649 1542344 2026-05-13T22:08:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frans Kaisiepo''' (10 Oktoba 1921 – 10 Aprili 1979) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Papua na mzalendo wa [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Gavana wa nne wa Jimbo la Papua. Mwaka 1993, Kaisiepo alitambuliwa baada ya kifo chake kama Shujaa wa Taifa wa Indonesia (Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia) kwa juhudi zake za maisha yake yote kuunganisha West Irian na Indonesia. Akiwa mwakilishi wa mkoa wa Papua, alishiriki katika Malino Conference, ambapo uundwaji wa United States of...' 1542344 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frans Kaisiepo''' (10 Oktoba 1921 – 10 Aprili 1979) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Papua na mzalendo wa [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Gavana wa nne wa Jimbo la Papua. Mwaka 1993, Kaisiepo alitambuliwa baada ya kifo chake kama Shujaa wa Taifa wa Indonesia (Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia) kwa juhudi zake za maisha yake yote kuunganisha West Irian na Indonesia. Akiwa mwakilishi wa mkoa wa Papua, alishiriki katika Malino Conference, ambapo uundwaji wa United States of Indonesia ulijadiliwa. == Wasifu == Kaisiepo alizaliwa katika kisiwa cha [[Biak]] tarehe 10 Oktoba 1921. Alisoma katika Sekolah Guru Normal huko Manokwari, na baadaye alihudhuria kozi ya utawala wa kiraia katika Shule ya Utumishi wa Umma ya New Guinea. === Uzalendo wa Indonesia === Mwaka 1945, Kaisiepo alikutana na Sugoro Atmoprasodjo katika Shule ya Utumishi wa Umma (Bestuur School). Waligundua kuwa na msimamo mmoja kuhusu uhuru wa Indonesia. Kaisiepo mara nyingi alifanya mikutano ya siri kujadili kuunganishwa kwa Dutch New Guinea na Republic of Indonesia. Katika moja ya mikutano ya kikabila ya kutafuta jina jipya la Papua huko Tobati, Jayapura, alipendekeza jina kutoka katika hadithi za Mansren Koreri, neno ''Iri-an'' kutoka lugha ya Biak likimaanisha “ardhi ya joto,” likirejelea hali ya hewa ya eneo hilo, na pia likihusishwa na maana ya “mchakato wa kuchemka” kama ishara ya kuingia katika enzi mpya. Maana nyingine zilipatikana katika lugha mbalimbali za Papua, na hatimaye jina hilo lilikubaliwa.<ref name="Wanggai 2008">{{cite thesis |last=Wanggai |first=Tony V.M. |date=2008 |title=Rekonstruksi Sejarah Islam di Tanah Papua |publisher=UIN Syarif Hidayatullah|url=https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/7292/1/Toni%20Victor%20M.%20Wanggai_Rekonstruksi%20Sejarah%20Umat%20Islam%20di%20Tanah%20Papua.pdf|access-date=2022-01-30|language=id}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kaisiepo, Frans}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6tcrvvu261m5e5aonypb5dexevbqc5y 0 234650 1542345 2026-05-13T22:11:32Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Albert Bernardus Karubuy''' (amezaliwa 5 Januari 1915) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa kuunga mkono muungano wa Papua na [[Indonesia]] kutoka Papua, na alikuwa mmoja wa wajumbe watatu waliowakilisha mkoa wa West Irian katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Watu baada ya uchaguzi wa bunge wa Indonesia wa mwaka 1955. Pia alikuwa mshauri wa kisiasa wa ujumbe wa Indonesia katika Mkutano wa 12 wa [[Mkutano Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa]] mwaka 1957. == Maisha ya awali == Kar...' 1542345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Bernardus Karubuy''' (amezaliwa 5 Januari 1915) alikuwa mwanaharakati wa kuunga mkono muungano wa Papua na [[Indonesia]] kutoka Papua, na alikuwa mmoja wa wajumbe watatu waliowakilisha mkoa wa West Irian katika Baraza la Wawakilishi la Watu baada ya uchaguzi wa bunge wa Indonesia wa mwaka 1955. Pia alikuwa mshauri wa kisiasa wa ujumbe wa Indonesia katika Mkutano wa 12 wa [[Mkutano Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa]] mwaka 1957. == Maisha ya awali == Karubuy alizaliwa Miei-Wandamen, Manokwari, tarehe 5 Januari 1915. Alisoma katika Shule ya Watu ya Zending, shule ya misheni iliyoanzishwa na wamisionari wa Kiholanzi huko Papua. Baada ya kumaliza masomo yake, alihamia Surabaya na kusoma katika Hospitali ya Kati ya Kiraia ya Surabaya (Centrale Burgerlijke Ziekenhuis). Alimaliza masomo yake mwaka 1929.<ref name=p416>{{harvnb|Parlaungan|1956|p=416}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1915|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] bocgz1rh8yrjmac30zbdcmgqk53vuxt 0 234651 1542346 2026-05-13T22:14:12Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander Evert Kawilarang''' (23 Februari 1920 – 6 Juni 2000) alikuwa mpigania uhuru wa [[Indonesia]], kamanda wa kijeshi, na mwanzilishi wa ''Kesko TT'', kitengo ambacho baadaye kilikuja kuwa vikosi maalum vya Indonesia Kopassus. Hata hivyo, mwaka 1958 alijiuzulu nafasi yake kama msaidizi wa kijeshi nchini Marekani ili kujiunga na uasi wa Permesta baada ya matukio ya Manado, ambapo alikabiliana na Kopassus kama mpinzani wake. Ushiriki wake katika Pe...' 1542346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander Evert Kawilarang''' (23 Februari 1920 – 6 Juni 2000) alikuwa mpigania uhuru wa [[Indonesia]], kamanda wa kijeshi, na mwanzilishi wa ''Kesko TT'', kitengo ambacho baadaye kilikuja kuwa vikosi maalum vya Indonesia Kopassus. Hata hivyo, mwaka 1958 alijiuzulu nafasi yake kama msaidizi wa kijeshi nchini Marekani ili kujiunga na uasi wa Permesta baada ya matukio ya Manado, ambapo alikabiliana na Kopassus kama mpinzani wake. Ushiriki wake katika Permesta uliharibu taaluma yake ya kijeshi, lakini aliendelea kuheshimiwa na kuwa hai katika jamii ya wanajeshi. == Maisha ya awali == Kawilarang alizaliwa huko [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] (sasa [[Jakarta]]) tarehe 23 Februari 1920.<ref>Simatupang (1972), p. 126.</ref> {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kawilarang, Alexander Evert}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] fn5l1xyuut26t7ofxqxlbjqak8a72nv 0 234652 1542348 2026-05-13T22:17:28Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Refra''' (amezaliwa 10 Septemba 1969), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''John Kei''', ni mhalifu wa kimafia kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Sember. John Kei amewahi kuendesha shughuli za ukusanyaji madeni kupitia kundi lake liitwalo ''Angkatan Muda Kei'' (AMKEI), yaani Kikosi cha Vijana wa Kei. Mtandao wake wa ukusanyaji madeni umekuwa miongoni mwa makundi makubwa ya kihalifu jijini Jakarta, pamoja na makundi ya Hercules, Basri Sangaji, na kundi la...' 1542348 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Refra''' (amezaliwa 10 Septemba 1969), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''John Kei''', ni mhalifu wa kimafia kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Sember. John Kei amewahi kuendesha shughuli za ukusanyaji madeni kupitia kundi lake liitwalo ''Angkatan Muda Kei'' (AMKEI), yaani Kikosi cha Vijana wa Kei. Mtandao wake wa ukusanyaji madeni umekuwa miongoni mwa makundi makubwa ya kihalifu jijini Jakarta, pamoja na makundi ya Hercules, Basri Sangaji, na kundi la Thalib Makarim.<ref>Wilson, I., (2015). ''The Politics of Protection Rackets in Post-New Order Indonesia: Coercive Capital, Authority and Street Politics''. Routledge. p.218.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1969|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 3pm9ag3ls9wx6hunkjx9vz2vdze4qp9 0 234653 1542349 2026-05-13T22:21:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rusdi Kirana''' (amezaliwa 17 Agosti 1963) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la ndege la Lion Air, ambalo lilianzisha huduma za usafiri wa anga za gharama nafuu (low-cost carrier) nchini Indonesia. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Spika wa Baraza la Ushauri la Watu la Indonesia (MPR RI) kwa kipindi cha 2024–2029.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chaired by Ahmad Muzani, Here is the List of 9 MPR RI Leaders 2024...' 1542349 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rusdi Kirana''' (amezaliwa 17 Agosti 1963) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi wa shirika la ndege la Lion Air, ambalo lilianzisha huduma za usafiri wa anga za gharama nafuu (low-cost carrier) nchini Indonesia. Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu Spika wa Baraza la Ushauri la Watu la Indonesia (MPR RI) kwa kipindi cha 2024–2029.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chaired by Ahmad Muzani, Here is the List of 9 MPR RI Leaders 2024-2029|url=[https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7569806/diketuai-ahmad-muzani-ini-daftar-9-pimpinan-mpr-ri-2024-2029|date=3](https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7569806/diketuai-ahmad-muzani-ini-daftar-9-pimpinan-mpr-ri-2024-2029|date=3) October 2024|access-date=3 October 2024|work=detik.com|first=Firda Chyntia|last=Anggrainy}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1963|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 518so2b8cirmxcsqz09jtmindcz34l7 0 234654 1542352 2026-05-13T22:30:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kim Jeffrey Kurniawan''' (alizaliwa 23 Machi 1990) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza kama [[kiungo]] wa klabu ya Championship PSS Sleman. Alizaliwa Ujerumani, lakini anaiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Kurniawan alizaliwa katika mji wa Mühlacker kwa mama Mjerumani na baba Mindonesia mwenye asili ya Kichina. Babu yake upande wa baba, Kwee Hong Sing, pia alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu aliyewahi...' 1542352 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kim Jeffrey Kurniawan''' (alizaliwa 23 Machi 1990) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa ambaye anacheza kama [[kiungo]] wa klabu ya Championship PSS Sleman. Alizaliwa Ujerumani, lakini anaiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Kurniawan alizaliwa katika mji wa Mühlacker kwa mama Mjerumani na baba Mindonesia mwenye asili ya Kichina. Babu yake upande wa baba, Kwee Hong Sing, pia alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu aliyewahi kuchezea Persija Jakarta na Timu ya taifa ya soka ya Indonesia katika miaka ya 1950.<ref name="Prayugi 2016 p062">{{cite news| last=Prayugi | first=Wiwig | title=8 Pemain Indonesia Berdarah Tionghoa Era 1990-an hingga Sekarang | work=bola.com | date=2016-02-08 | url=https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2430640/8-pemain-indonesia-berdarah-tionghoa-era-1990-an-hingga-sekarang | language=id | access-date=2024-04-21}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kurniawan, Kim Jeffrey}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ggj1ou3dwezjvbuhx3h2v6ezg8wtdiu 0 234655 1542353 2026-05-13T22:33:56Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ryan Leonard Lalisang''' (amezaliwa 21 Agosti 1980 huko Balikpapan, Kalimantan Mashariki) ni mchezaji wa mchezo wa kibowling cha pini kumi kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/04/07/putty-says-practice-key-good-finish-games.html|title=Putty](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/04/07/putty-says-practice-key-good-finish-games.html|title=Putty) says practice key to good finish at Games|last=Winarti|first=Ag...' 1542353 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ryan Leonard Lalisang''' (amezaliwa 21 Agosti 1980 huko Balikpapan, Kalimantan Mashariki) ni mchezaji wa mchezo wa kibowling cha pini kumi kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/04/07/putty-says-practice-key-good-finish-games.html|title=Putty](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/04/07/putty-says-practice-key-good-finish-games.html|title=Putty) says practice key to good finish at Games|last=Winarti|first=Agnes|date=4 July 2010|publisher=The Jakarta Post|accessdate=28 Disemba 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1980|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 41oyxlissnmlliara5szpptq73pk6ot 0 234656 1542354 2026-05-13T22:38:05Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yasonna Hamonangan Laoly''' (alizaliwa 27 Mei 1953) ni Waziri wa zamani wa Sheria na Haki za Binadamu wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>Fadli, [http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/11/16/minister-postpones-lease-fee-increases-in-batam.html Minister postpones lease fee increases in Batam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124093755/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/11/16/minister-postpones-lease-fee-increases-in-batam.html |date=2016-11-24 }...' 1542354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yasonna Hamonangan Laoly''' (alizaliwa 27 Mei 1953) ni Waziri wa zamani wa Sheria na Haki za Binadamu wa [[Indonesia]].<ref>Fadli, [http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/11/16/minister-postpones-lease-fee-increases-in-batam.html Minister postpones lease fee increases in Batam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124093755/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/11/16/minister-postpones-lease-fee-increases-in-batam.html |date=2016-11-24 }}. [[Jakarta Post]], 16 November 2016. Accessed 24 November 2016.</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Laoly, Yasonna Hamonangan}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gxhpw48nl06qiu569zdru0ws9oz624o 0 234657 1542355 2026-05-13T22:40:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bernard Wilhelm "B. W." Lapian''' (30 Juni 1892 – 5 Aprili 1977) alikuwa mzalendo wa [[Indonesia]] aliyeshiriki katika harakati za kupigania uhuru wa Indonesia. Alichapisha magazeti kadhaa yaliyolenga kuangazia ustawi wa wananchi wa Indonesia na kukuza uzalendo wa Kiindonesia.<ref name="jakarta_post">{{cite news |last=Parlina |first=Ina |date=6 Novemba 2015 |title=Five Named as National Heroes |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/11/06/five-n...' 1542355 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Wilhelm "B. W." Lapian''' (30 Juni 1892 – 5 Aprili 1977) alikuwa mzalendo wa [[Indonesia]] aliyeshiriki katika harakati za kupigania uhuru wa Indonesia. Alichapisha magazeti kadhaa yaliyolenga kuangazia ustawi wa wananchi wa Indonesia na kukuza uzalendo wa Kiindonesia.<ref name="jakarta_post">{{cite news |last=Parlina |first=Ina |date=6 Novemba 2015 |title=Five Named as National Heroes |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/11/06/five-named-national-heroes.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/11/06/five-named-national-heroes.html) |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |location=Jakarta |access-date=23 Disemba 2016 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1892|1977}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 1zbj1vhprszmj6onkplt9rioxw4tpnd 0 234658 1542356 2026-05-13T22:44:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ari Bernardus Lasso''' (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1973) ni mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Minahasa na Toraja. Yeye ni mtunzi wa nyimbo, mwanamuziki, na aliyekuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi la Dewa 19.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bbc-edition.com/entertainment/memories-of-ari-lasso-with-dewa-19-beautiful-things-in-difficult-times-okezone-celebrity/ | title=Memories of Ari Lasso with Dewa 19, Beautiful Things in Difficult Times : Okezone Celebrity - BBC...' 1542356 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ari Bernardus Lasso''' (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1973) ni mwimbaji wa [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Minahasa na Toraja. Yeye ni mtunzi wa nyimbo, mwanamuziki, na aliyekuwa mwimbaji mkuu wa kundi la Dewa 19.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bbc-edition.com/entertainment/memories-of-ari-lasso-with-dewa-19-beautiful-things-in-difficult-times-okezone-celebrity/ | title=Memories of Ari Lasso with Dewa 19, Beautiful Things in Difficult Times : Okezone Celebrity - BBC-Edition | date=13 July 2021 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lasso, Ari Bernardus}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7zd8qujt13bdimvpphtlbju1d4gg0fz 0 234659 1542358 2026-05-13T22:49:31Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zack Lee Jowono''' (amezaliwa 15 Agosti 1984) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo na bondia kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Kiingereza. == Kazi == Lee alianza kazi yake kama mwanamitindo kabla ya kuingia katika uigizaji kupitia tamthilia za mfululizo (soap opera) katikati ya miaka ya 2000.<ref>[[http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/221841/suka-duka-pemain-sinetron-bemain-dengan-pasangan](http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/221841/suka-duka-pemain-sinetron-bemain-...' 1542358 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zack Lee Jowono''' (amezaliwa 15 Agosti 1984) ni mwigizaji, mwanamitindo na bondia kutoka [[Indonesia]] mwenye asili ya Kiingereza. == Kazi == Lee alianza kazi yake kama mwanamitindo kabla ya kuingia katika uigizaji kupitia tamthilia za mfululizo (soap opera) katikati ya miaka ya 2000.<ref>[[http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/221841/suka-duka-pemain-sinetron-bemain-dengan-pasangan](http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/221841/suka-duka-pemain-sinetron-bemain-dengan-pasangan): Suka Duka Pemain Sinetron Bemain dengan Pasangan], liputan6.com; accessed 17 Juni 2015.</ref> Moja ya majukumu yake yanayokumbukwa zaidi ni katika filamu ya vitendo ya mwaka 2005 ''Bad Wolves'', ambapo alicheza kama kiongozi wa genge la wahalifu lenye ukatili. Nafasi hiyo ilimletea mapokezi mazuri kutoka kwa wakosoaji wa filamu.<ref>[[http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/222615/kontroversi-film-ibad-wolvesi](http://showbiz.liputan6.com/read/222615/kontroversi-film-ibad-wolvesi): Kontroversi Film Bad Wolves]; accessed 17 Juni 2015.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1984|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] hrrhxyiq3epy0rfaryqvx1zmvsbrows 0 234660 1542359 2026-05-13T22:52:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Willy Ghayus Alexander Lasut''' (28 Januari 1926<ref name="bachtiar">{{cite book |last=Bachtiar |first=Harsya |date=1988 |title=Siapa Dia?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD) |trans-title=Who are They? High Ranking Officers of the Army of the Indonesian National Armed Forces |location=Jakarta |publisher=Djambatan }}</ref>{{rp|175}} – 4 Aprili 2003) alikuwa afisa wa kijeshi na gavana wa Sulawesi Kaskazini. Uongozi wake ka...' 1542359 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willy Ghayus Alexander Lasut''' (28 Januari 1926<ref name="bachtiar">{{cite book |last=Bachtiar |first=Harsya |date=1988 |title=Siapa Dia?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD) |trans-title=Who are They? High Ranking Officers of the Army of the Indonesian National Armed Forces |location=Jakarta |publisher=Djambatan }}</ref>{{rp|175}} – 4 Aprili 2003) alikuwa afisa wa kijeshi na gavana wa Sulawesi Kaskazini. Uongozi wake kama Gavana wa Sulawesi Kaskazini ulikatizwa ghafla baada ya miezi 16 pekee ofisini.<ref name="feer">{{cite journal |author=Jenkins, David |title=The Broom that Swept Too Clean |journal=Far Eastern Economic Review |date=November 9, 1979 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lasut, Willy Ghayus Alexander}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] lnpl2mx60lt7ivamhkg4wa9k4rlud6g 0 234661 1542362 2026-05-13T22:58:25Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marcellino Victor John Lefrandt''' (amezaliwa 19 Julai 1974) ni mwigizaji na mhadhiri kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza katika tamthilia ya mwaka 2000 ya soap opera ''{{ill|Bidadari (TV series)|id|Bidadari (seri televisi)|lt=Bidadari}}'' ambapo aliigiza kama mhusika Bagus. == Wasifu == Lefrandt alizaliwa katika familia ya Kikristo ya Minahasa huko Manado, Indonesia. Alianza kujulikana baada ya kuwa mmoja wa fainali katika mashindano ya 'Aneka Ri...' 1542362 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcellino Victor John Lefrandt''' (amezaliwa 19 Julai 1974) ni mwigizaji na mhadhiri kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza katika tamthilia ya mwaka 2000 ya soap opera ''{{ill|Bidadari (TV series)|id|Bidadari (seri televisi)|lt=Bidadari}}'' ambapo aliigiza kama mhusika Bagus. == Wasifu == Lefrandt alizaliwa katika familia ya Kikristo ya Minahasa huko Manado, Indonesia. Alianza kujulikana baada ya kuwa mmoja wa fainali katika mashindano ya 'Aneka Ria'. Baadaye alijikita katika uanamitindo wa matembezi ya mitindo (catwalk) na upigaji picha. Amecheza katika filamu kadhaa, zikiwemo ''Jackie'', ''Jacklyn'', na ''Deru Debu'' pamoja na Willy Dozan. Pia alijihusisha na uimbaji akiwa kwenye kundi la Amartya pamoja na Anjasmara, Gunawan, na Tia Ivanka.{{Citation needed|date=Januari 2026}} Lefrandt alirejea tena katika uigizaji mwaka 2009, akicheza katika filamu ''Jamila dan Sang Presiden'' iliyotolewa mwezi Aprili. Pia ni mhadhiri katika kitivo cha sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Sam Ratulangi, Manado.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Marcellino lands a classy job|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/29/marcellino-lands-a-classy-new-job.html|newspaper=[[The](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/29/marcellino-lands-a-classy-new-job.html|newspaper=[[The) Jakarta Post]]|date=29 Mei 2009|access-date=23 Januari 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] l4q7a6obalfupsp0o353w19ddg756go 1542653 1542362 2026-05-14T11:08:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542653 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcellino Victor John Lefrandt''' (amezaliwa 19 Julai 1974) ni mwigizaji na mhadhiri kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alianza kujitokeza katika tamthilia ya mwaka 2000 ya soap opera ''{{ill|Bidadari (TV series)|id|Bidadari (seri televisi)|lt=Bidadari}}'' ambapo aliigiza kama mhusika Bagus. == Wasifu == Lefrandt alizaliwa katika familia ya Kikristo ya Minahasa huko Manado, Indonesia. Alianza kujulikana baada ya kuwa mmoja wa fainali katika mashindano ya 'Aneka Ria'. Baadaye alijikita katika uanamitindo wa matembezi ya mitindo (catwalk) na upigaji picha. Amecheza katika filamu kadhaa, zikiwemo ''Jackie'', ''Jacklyn'', na ''Deru Debu'' pamoja na Willy Dozan. Pia alijihusisha na uimbaji akiwa kwenye kundi la Amartya pamoja na Anjasmara, Gunawan, na Tia Ivanka.{{Citation needed|date=Januari 2026}} Lefrandt alirejea tena katika uigizaji mwaka 2009, akicheza katika filamu ''Jamila dan Sang Presiden'' iliyotolewa mwezi Aprili. Pia ni mhadhiri katika kitivo cha sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Sam Ratulangi, Manado.<ref>{{Rejea habari|title=Marcellino lands a classy job|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/29/marcellino-lands-a-classy-new-job.html|newspaper=[[The](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/29/marcellino-lands-a-classy-new-job.html|newspaper=[[The) Jakarta Post]]|date=29 Mei 2009|access-date=23 Januari 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] j4rwieyeqi7r44w6yu5l8pxzgli30wr 0 234662 1542364 2026-05-13T23:05:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Adolf Gustaaf Lembong''' (19 Oktoba 1910 – 23 Januari 1950) alikuwa afisa wa kijeshi wa [[Indonesia]] aliyeshiriki katika vita vya msituni dhidi ya Japan nchini [[Ufilipino]] wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia na baadaye katika harakati za uhuru wa Indonesia. Alifariki wakati wa mapinduzi ya APRA huko [[Bandung]]. == Vita vya Pili vya Dunia == Mwanzoni mwa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, Lembong alikuwa afisa asiye na cheo cha juu (NCO) katika jeshi la kikol...' 1542364 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Gustaaf Lembong''' (19 Oktoba 1910 – 23 Januari 1950) alikuwa afisa wa kijeshi wa [[Indonesia]] aliyeshiriki katika vita vya msituni dhidi ya Japan nchini [[Ufilipino]] wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia na baadaye katika harakati za uhuru wa Indonesia. Alifariki wakati wa mapinduzi ya APRA huko [[Bandung]]. == Vita vya Pili vya Dunia == Mwanzoni mwa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia, Lembong alikuwa afisa asiye na cheo cha juu (NCO) katika jeshi la kikoloni la Uholanzi (KNIL) huko Manado. Mwaka 1943, alikamatwa na Wajapani na kupelekwa katika kambi ya wafungwa wa vita ya Japani (POW Camp) huko [[Luzon]], Ufilipino.<ref name="deJong">{{cite book |last=de Jong |first=Loe |date=1985 |title=Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog |trans-title=The Kingdom of the Netherlands in World War II |language=nl }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lembong, Adolf Gustaaf}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6tqxskpl53ktlwsfopveza8bb6oxuhc 0 234663 1542366 2026-05-13T23:07:45Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jahja Daniel Dharma''', BMP, anayejulikana pia kama '''John Lie Tjeng Tjoan''' 9 Machi 1911 – 27 Agosti 1988), alikuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa [[Indonesia]] na mmoja wa makamanda wa juu wa kwanza wa jeshi la wanamaji wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya Indonesia. Alijulikana kwa mchango wake katika harakati za uhuru wa Indonesia, hasa katika uongozi na shughuli za kijeshi za majini zilizoimarisha uwezo wa jeshi la wanamaji la Indonesia katika kipindi cha...' 1542366 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jahja Daniel Dharma''', BMP, anayejulikana pia kama '''John Lie Tjeng Tjoan''' 9 Machi 1911 – 27 Agosti 1988), alikuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa [[Indonesia]] na mmoja wa makamanda wa juu wa kwanza wa jeshi la wanamaji wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya Indonesia. Alijulikana kwa mchango wake katika harakati za uhuru wa Indonesia, hasa katika uongozi na shughuli za kijeshi za majini zilizoimarisha uwezo wa jeshi la wanamaji la Indonesia katika kipindi cha mapambano ya uhuru.<ref>{{cite book |author= Asvi Warman Adam |title= Membongkar Manipulasi Sejarah|trans-title=Kufichua Udanganyifu wa Historia |year= 2009|publisher= Kompas Penerbit Buku|location= Jakarta|language= id |isbn= 9789797094041 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last = Adam | first = Asvi Warman | title = Pahlawan Nasional Etnis Tionghoa | url = [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0301/31/opini/105704.htm](http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0301/31/opini/105704.htm) | work = [[Kompas]] | date = 31 Januari 2003 | archive-url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20030219223448/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0301/31/opini/105704.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20030219223448/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0301/31/opini/105704.htm) | archive-date = 19 Februari 2003 | language = id | access-date = 26 Februari 2010 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1911|1988}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] dt1p6xkrnacamd67whe0v27fjnd5umq 0 234664 1542368 2026-05-13T23:11:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liem Swie King''' ( alizaliwa 28 Februari 1956) ni mchezaji wa badminton wa [[Indonesia]] aliyekuwa mahiri kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970 hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1980. Alishinda mashindano ya All England mwaka 1978, 1979 na 1981. Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa dunia katika mchezo wa singles wa wakati wake. Akiwa pia mchezaji wa kiwango cha juu katika doubles na singles, alijulikana kwa nguvu ya smash yake ya kuruka angani.<ref>{{YouTube|94p10a...' 1542368 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liem Swie King''' ( alizaliwa 28 Februari 1956) ni mchezaji wa badminton wa [[Indonesia]] aliyekuwa mahiri kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970 hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1980. Alishinda mashindano ya All England mwaka 1978, 1979 na 1981. Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa dunia katika mchezo wa singles wa wakati wake. Akiwa pia mchezaji wa kiwango cha juu katika doubles na singles, alijulikana kwa nguvu ya smash yake ya kuruka angani.<ref>{{YouTube|94p10aoMNiA|The King Smash}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:King, Liem Swie}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [ [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3d5c9hl1fm04x52cfdibufm3id2b5lj 1542369 1542368 2026-05-13T23:12:08Z Valuegirl 87699 1542369 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liem Swie King''' ( alizaliwa 28 Februari 1956) ni mchezaji wa badminton wa [[Indonesia]] aliyekuwa mahiri kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1970 hadi katikati ya miaka ya 1980. Alishinda mashindano ya All England mwaka 1978, 1979 na 1981. Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji bora wa dunia katika mchezo wa singles wa wakati wake. Akiwa pia mchezaji wa kiwango cha juu katika doubles na singles, alijulikana kwa nguvu ya smash yake ya kuruka angani.<ref>{{YouTube|94p10aoMNiA|The King Smash}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:King, Liem Swie}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 928buxvhcpxchc8hmogzrw12y3wxgm2 0 234665 1542370 2026-05-13T23:16:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Flandy Limpele''' (amezaliwa 9 Februari 1974) ni mchezaji na kocha wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto mara nne: Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, na Beijing 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flandy Limpele|url=[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy-limpele-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030101/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy...' 1542370 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Flandy Limpele''' (amezaliwa 9 Februari 1974) ni mchezaji na kocha wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto mara nne: Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, na Beijing 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flandy Limpele|url=[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy-limpele-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030101/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy-limpele-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18](https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy-limpele-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030101/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/flandy-limpele-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18) April 2020|publisher=[[Sports Reference]]|access-date=18 Septemba 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6rsiz1ulmiduxgpr49t09d7vyba93dd 0 234666 1542371 2026-05-13T23:21:12Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reyn (Rhein) Altin Johannes Lumenta''' au '''R.A.J. Lumenta''' (26 Februari 1933 huko [[Surabaya]] – 28 Septemba 2003 huko [[Jakarta]]) alikuwa Rais na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa Garuda [[Indonesia]], shirika la ndege la taifa la Indonesia, katika kipindi cha 1984 hadi 1988, akichukua nafasi ya Wiweko Soepono. Alizaliwa Surabaya, Java Mashariki, katika familia ya kabila la Manado kutoka [[Sulawesi]]. Lumenta alikulia Indonesia kabla ya kuendelea na...' 1542371 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reyn (Rhein) Altin Johannes Lumenta''' au '''R.A.J. Lumenta''' (26 Februari 1933 huko [[Surabaya]] – 28 Septemba 2003 huko [[Jakarta]]) alikuwa Rais na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO) wa Garuda [[Indonesia]], shirika la ndege la taifa la Indonesia, katika kipindi cha 1984 hadi 1988, akichukua nafasi ya Wiweko Soepono. Alizaliwa Surabaya, Java Mashariki, katika familia ya kabila la Manado kutoka [[Sulawesi]]. Lumenta alikulia Indonesia kabla ya kuendelea na masomo yake nchini [[Uholanzi]]. Alihitimu katika taaluma ya “Vliegtuigbouw” kutoka Hogere Technische School “Technicum” huko [[Rotterdam]] mwaka 1956. Pia alikuwa na uhusiano wa kifamilia na koo za Wagey na Saroinsong. == Kazi == [[File:Reyn Altin Johannes Lumenta signing official papers.jpg|thumb|Reyn Altin Johannes Lumenta akisaini nyaraka rasmi]] Lumenta alianza kazi yake katika Garuda Indonesia kama mhandisi wa Airframe na mifumo ya ndege (1957–1958). Mwaka mmoja baadaye alipandishwa cheo kuwa Mkuu wa Matengenezo ya ndege za Garuda na baadaye alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uongozi hadi mwaka 1975 alipokuwa Katibu wa Kampuni (Company Secretary).<ref>[[http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0309/30/metro/591360.htm](http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0309/30/metro/591360.htm) Gazeti la Kompas (2003), 30 Septemba, “Lumenta Meninggalkan Citra Baru Garuda”] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20050128051909/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0309/30/metro/591360.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20050128051909/http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0309/30/metro/591360.htm) |date=28 Januari 2005 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1933|2003}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 1p8byybrzi1xh2k28d6kfdlvgrcoflf 0 234667 1542372 2026-05-13T23:25:50Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gilbert Lumoindong''' (amezaliwa Jakarta, 26 Desemba 1966) ni mchungaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa kipindi cha “Spiritual Refreshment for Christianity” kwenye kituo cha televisheni cha RCTI kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 1997. == Wasifu == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Gilbert alikuwa tayari anashiriki kama mhubiri katika mashirika mbalimbali ya vijana wa Kikristo. Baadaye alisoma katika Taasisi ya Elimu ya Kitheolojia ya Indonesia...' 1542372 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gilbert Lumoindong''' (amezaliwa Jakarta, 26 Desemba 1966) ni mchungaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa kipindi cha “Spiritual Refreshment for Christianity” kwenye kituo cha televisheni cha RCTI kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 1997. == Wasifu == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Gilbert alikuwa tayari anashiriki kama mhubiri katika mashirika mbalimbali ya vijana wa Kikristo. Baadaye alisoma katika Taasisi ya Elimu ya Kitheolojia ya Indonesia na kupata diploma yake mwaka 1990. Kisha aliendelea na masomo ya [[theolojia]] katika Taasisi ya Theolojia na Elimu ya Indonesia. Pia alihitimu mafunzo ya huduma ya kichungaji (School of Ministry) chini ya Morris Cerullo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Profil - Gilbert Emanuel Lumoindong|url=[https://www.merdeka.com/gilbert-emanuel-lumoindong/profil/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=merdeka.com|language=en}}](https://www.merdeka.com/gilbert-emanuel-lumoindong/profil/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=merdeka.com|language=en}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1966|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 431fvcmiu4p0j5tift94ztiktcg0toj 1542619 1542372 2026-05-14T10:02:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542619 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gilbert Lumoindong''' (amezaliwa Jakarta, 26 Desemba 1966) ni mchungaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa watangazaji wa kipindi cha “Spiritual Refreshment for Christianity” kwenye kituo cha televisheni cha RCTI kuanzia mwaka 1992 hadi 1997. == Wasifu == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Gilbert alikuwa tayari anashiriki kama mhubiri katika mashirika mbalimbali ya vijana wa Kikristo. Baadaye alisoma katika Taasisi ya Elimu ya Kitheolojia ya Indonesia na kupata diploma yake mwaka 1990. Kisha aliendelea na masomo ya [[theolojia]] katika Taasisi ya Theolojia na Elimu ya Indonesia. Pia alihitimu mafunzo ya huduma ya kichungaji (School of Ministry) chini ya Morris Cerullo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Profil - Gilbert Emanuel Lumoindong|url=[https://www.merdeka.com/gilbert-emanuel-lumoindong/profil/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=merdeka.com|language=en}}](https://www.merdeka.com/gilbert-emanuel-lumoindong/profil/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=merdeka.com|language=en}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1966|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 267jjorr4ftd7l9xw1lgoq4y55rwll1 0 234668 1542374 2026-05-13T23:29:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ferdinand Lumban Tobing''' (19 Februari 1899 – 7 Oktoba 1962) alikuwa Waziri wa Nguvu Kazi na Uhamishaji wa Watu (Transmigrasi) wa Jamhuri ya [[Indonesia]], Waziri wa Mawasiliano na Habari wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, Waziri wa Afya wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, na Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini. Leo hii anahesabiwa kama Shujaa wa Taifa wa Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mirnawati |title=Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap |trans-title=Mkusanyiko Kamili Zaidi...' 1542374 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdinand Lumban Tobing''' (19 Februari 1899 – 7 Oktoba 1962) alikuwa Waziri wa Nguvu Kazi na Uhamishaji wa Watu (Transmigrasi) wa Jamhuri ya [[Indonesia]], Waziri wa Mawasiliano na Habari wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, Waziri wa Afya wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, na Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini. Leo hii anahesabiwa kama Shujaa wa Taifa wa Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mirnawati |title=Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap |trans-title=Mkusanyiko Kamili Zaidi wa Mashujaa wa Indonesia |language=Indonesian |year=2012 |location=Jakarta |publisher=CIF |isbn=978-979-788-343-0 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1962}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] m3f4lv2m2lhegdsjjjv05g12xo1ll0l 1542611 1542374 2026-05-14T09:55:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542611 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdinand Lumban Tobing''' (19 Februari 1899 – 7 Oktoba 1962) alikuwa Waziri wa Nguvu Kazi na Uhamishaji wa Watu (Transmigrasi) wa Jamhuri ya [[Indonesia]], Waziri wa Mawasiliano na Habari wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, Waziri wa Afya wa Jamhuri ya Indonesia, na Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini. Leo hii anahesabiwa kama Shujaa wa Taifa wa Indonesia.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Mirnawati |title=Kumpulan Pahlawan Indonesia Terlengkap |trans-title=Mkusanyiko Kamili Zaidi wa Mashujaa wa Indonesia |language=Indonesian |year=2012 |location=Jakarta |publisher=CIF |isbn=978-979-788-343-0 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1962}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 1a3wnaorbkix8hdko3uwc9x5xqo8ksy 0 234669 1542375 2026-05-13T23:36:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Franz Magnis Suseno''', S.J., au '''Maria Franz Anton Valerian Benedictus Ferdinand von Magnis''' (amezaliwa 26 Mei 1936) ni padre wa [[Shirika la Yesu|Jesuit]] na mwanafalsafa kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == Padre Franz Magnis-Suseno SJ ni profesa mstaafu wa Shule ya Falsafa ya Driyarkara iliyopo [[Jakarta]], ambapo pia aliwahi kuwa mkuu wake (rector) kwa miaka 11. Alizaliwa mwaka 1936 huko [[Nuremberg]], Bavaria, na awali alijulikana kama Graf Fra...' 1542375 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franz Magnis Suseno''', S.J., au '''Maria Franz Anton Valerian Benedictus Ferdinand von Magnis''' (amezaliwa 26 Mei 1936) ni padre wa [[Shirika la Yesu|Jesuit]] na mwanafalsafa kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Wasifu == Padre Franz Magnis-Suseno SJ ni profesa mstaafu wa Shule ya Falsafa ya Driyarkara iliyopo [[Jakarta]], ambapo pia aliwahi kuwa mkuu wake (rector) kwa miaka 11. Alizaliwa mwaka 1936 huko [[Nuremberg]], Bavaria, na awali alijulikana kama Graf Franz Ferdinand von Magnis. Ameishi nchini [[Indonesia]] tangu mwaka 1961, na mwaka 1977 akawa raia wa Indonesia na kuchukua jina la Franz Magnis-Suseno. Alisoma falsafa, theolojia na sayansi ya siasa katika Munich School of Philosophy huko Pullach, Chuo Kikuu cha Gadjah Mada huko Yogyakarta, na LMU Munich. Mwaka 1973 alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika falsafa kutoka LMU Munich. Kwa miaka mingi alifundisha pia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indonesia huko Jakarta na Chuo Kikuu cha Kikatoliki cha Parahyangan]] huko Bandung. Pia amewahi kuwa mhadhiri mgeni katika vyuo mbalimbali barani Ulaya. Mwaka 2002 alitunukiwa shahada ya heshima ya theolojia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Lucerne. Ameandika vitabu na tafiti nyingi katika nyanja za maadili, falsafa ya siasa, mtazamo wa ulimwengu wa Kijava, na falsafa ya Mungu, hasa kwa lugha ya Kiindonesia. == Tuzo == Mwaka 2001 alitunukiwa Msalaba Mkuu wa Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. Mwaka 2007 alikataa Tuzo ya Bakrie kutokana na tukio la tope la Sidoarjo. Pia alipokea Tuzo ya Habibie kwa mchango wake katika mazungumzo ya dini tofauti, na mwaka 2015 akatunukiwa tuzo ya Mahaputera Utama. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1936|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 67kf90k6tzcsimvaiewzdag8xbk4xj0 0 234670 1542376 2026-05-13T23:39:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ziva Magnolya Muskitta''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 2001) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kushika nafasi ya tatu katika msimu wa kumi wa kipindi cha ''Indonesian Idol'', kilichorushwa na kituo cha televisheni cha kitaifa cha RCTI mwaka 2019 hadi 2020.<ref name="IDOL">{{cite web|url=[https://palembang.tribunnews.com/2020/02/11/hasil-indonesian-idol-top-4-nuca-tereliminasi-3-besar-ziva-lyodra-dan-tiara-juri-prediksi-juara-1|title=Hasil](...' 1542376 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ziva Magnolya Muskitta''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 2001) ni mwimbaji kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kushika nafasi ya tatu katika msimu wa kumi wa kipindi cha ''Indonesian Idol'', kilichorushwa na kituo cha televisheni cha kitaifa cha RCTI mwaka 2019 hadi 2020.<ref name="IDOL">{{cite web|url=[https://palembang.tribunnews.com/2020/02/11/hasil-indonesian-idol-top-4-nuca-tereliminasi-3-besar-ziva-lyodra-dan-tiara-juri-prediksi-juara-1|title=Hasil](https://palembang.tribunnews.com/2020/02/11/hasil-indonesian-idol-top-4-nuca-tereliminasi-3-besar-ziva-lyodra-dan-tiara-juri-prediksi-juara-1|title=Hasil) Indonesian Idol Top 4, Nuca Tereliminasi, 3 Besar: Ziva, Lyodra dan Tiara, Juri Prediksi Juara 1|website=[www.palembang.tribunnews.com|access-date=11](http://www.palembang.tribunnews.com|access-date=11) February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|access-date=23 July 2020|date=18 February 2020|title=Ziva Harus Pulang, Lyodra dan Tiara Menangis Lolos Grand Final Indonesian Idol|url=[https://www.kompas.com/hype/read/2020/02/18/061743966/ziva-harus-pulang-lyodra-dan-tiara-menangis-lolos-grand-final-indonesian|website=Kompas](https://www.kompas.com/hype/read/2020/02/18/061743966/ziva-harus-pulang-lyodra-dan-tiara-menangis-lolos-grand-final-indonesian|website=Kompas) Indonesia|last1=Media|first1=Kompas Cyber}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2001|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 861tmsusc9u8d5tfbrdqhvrwvffixnz 0 234671 1542378 2026-05-13T23:42:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rexy Ronald Mainaky''' (amezaliwa 9 Machi 1968), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Rexy''', ni kocha na mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa dunia wa mchezo wa badminton katika mashindano ya wanaume wawili wawili. Rexy alishinda medali ya dhahabu katika Olimpiki ya mwaka 1996 katika mchezo wa wanaume wawili wawili pamoja na Ricky Subagja. Kufikia Oktoba 2021, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Mkurugenzi wa Ukocha wa Chama cha Badminton...' 1542378 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rexy Ronald Mainaky''' (amezaliwa 9 Machi 1968), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Rexy''', ni kocha na mchezaji wa zamani wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa dunia wa mchezo wa badminton katika mashindano ya wanaume wawili wawili. Rexy alishinda medali ya dhahabu katika Olimpiki ya mwaka 1996 katika mchezo wa wanaume wawili wawili pamoja na Ricky Subagja. Kufikia Oktoba 2021, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Mkurugenzi wa Ukocha wa Chama cha Badminton cha Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news|url=[https://www.bharian.com.my/sukan/raket/2021/10/880032/rexy-dilantik-timbalan-pengarah-kejurulatihan-bam|title=Rexy](https://www.bharian.com.my/sukan/raket/2021/10/880032/rexy-dilantik-timbalan-pengarah-kejurulatihan-bam|title=Rexy) dilantik timbalan pengarah kejurulatihan BAM|date=25 October 2021|accessdate=29 October 2021|publisher=Berita Harian|language=ms}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 9deyz3i73qo98tlcmts5tikbv3dx454 0 234672 1542379 2026-05-13T23:46:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daniel Mananta''' (alizaliwa [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]], tarehe 14 Agosti 1981) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji, [[VJ]], na [[podikasti|mtayarishaji wa podikasti]] kutoka Indonesia mwenye asili ya Wachina wa Indonesia. Alijulikana zaidi baada ya kushinda shindano la MTV Indonesia VJ Hunt mwaka 2003, jambo lililomfanya afahamike sana kama [[VJ]] Daniel Mananta. Baadaye alijijengea jina kama mburudishaji pamoja na mjasiriamali kijana. == Maisha ya awali ==...' 1542379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Mananta''' (alizaliwa [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]], tarehe 14 Agosti 1981) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji, [[VJ]], na [[podikasti|mtayarishaji wa podikasti]] kutoka Indonesia mwenye asili ya Wachina wa Indonesia. Alijulikana zaidi baada ya kushinda shindano la MTV Indonesia VJ Hunt mwaka 2003, jambo lililomfanya afahamike sana kama [[VJ]] Daniel Mananta. Baadaye alijijengea jina kama mburudishaji pamoja na mjasiriamali kijana. == Maisha ya awali == Daniel Mananta alikuwa na utoto wa furaha mjini Jakarta, Indonesia. Alisoma katika shule ya Tarakanita IV iliyopo Pluit, Jakarta Kaskazini, kuanzia shule ya chekechea hadi kumaliza elimu ya sekondari ya chini. Baadaye alihamia [[Perth]], [[Australia]], kuendelea na elimu yake ya sekondari katika Chuo cha Aquinas. Mara chache huzungumzia maisha yake ya utotoni, kwani alihisi kuwa alikuwa na aibu katika mahusiano ya kijamii hadi baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari. Daniel Mananta ana ndugu mmoja wa kiume aitwaye William Mananta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Daniel Mananta Official Website|url=[http://www.danielmananta.com|website=www.danielmananta.com}}](http://www.danielmananta.com|website=www.danielmananta.com}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] nabv997vnojy8n9ag2y4h4xd0t7os8e 1542583 1542379 2026-05-14T09:40:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Mananta''' (alizaliwa [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]], tarehe 14 Agosti 1981) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji, [[VJ]], na [[podikasti|mtayarishaji wa podikasti]] kutoka Indonesia mwenye asili ya Wachina wa Indonesia. Alijulikana zaidi baada ya kushinda shindano la MTV Indonesia VJ Hunt mwaka 2003, jambo lililomfanya afahamike sana kama [[VJ]] Daniel Mananta. Baadaye alijijengea jina kama mburudishaji pamoja na mjasiriamali kijana. == Maisha ya awali == Daniel Mananta alikuwa na utoto wa furaha mjini Jakarta, Indonesia. Alisoma katika shule ya Tarakanita IV iliyopo Pluit, Jakarta Kaskazini, kuanzia shule ya chekechea hadi kumaliza elimu ya sekondari ya chini. Baadaye alihamia [[Perth]], [[Australia]], kuendelea na elimu yake ya sekondari katika Chuo cha Aquinas. Mara chache huzungumzia maisha yake ya utotoni, kwani alihisi kuwa alikuwa na aibu katika mahusiano ya kijamii hadi baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari. Daniel Mananta ana ndugu mmoja wa kiume aitwaye William Mananta.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Daniel Mananta Official Website|url=[http://www.danielmananta.com|website=www.danielmananta.com}}](http://www.danielmananta.com|website=www.danielmananta.com}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 45jvm981jh41svhfcq4oyt24ro5cbsj 0 234673 1542380 2026-05-13T23:48:32Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Massimiliano Manassero''' (amezaliwa 26 Oktoba 1995) ni mwigizaji na mwimbaji wa zamani wa watoto kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Manassero alizaliwa mjini Malang akiwa mtoto wa baba Muitalia aitwaye Cesare na mama Mwindonesia aitwaye Sabrina Marianti. Kupitia baba yake, Manassero alianza kuishabikia klabu ya [[Inter Milan]] tangu akiwa na umri wa miaka minne.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guess what: Ciccio collects soccer jerseys|url=[https://www....' 1542380 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Massimiliano Manassero''' (amezaliwa 26 Oktoba 1995) ni mwigizaji na mwimbaji wa zamani wa watoto kutoka [[Indonesia]]. == Maisha ya awali == Manassero alizaliwa mjini Malang akiwa mtoto wa baba Muitalia aitwaye Cesare na mama Mwindonesia aitwaye Sabrina Marianti. Kupitia baba yake, Manassero alianza kuishabikia klabu ya [[Inter Milan]] tangu akiwa na umri wa miaka minne.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guess what: Ciccio collects soccer jerseys|url=[https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/04/guess-what-ciccio-collects-soccer-jerseys.html|newspaper=[[The](https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/04/guess-what-ciccio-collects-soccer-jerseys.html|newspaper=[[The) Jakarta Post]]|date=4 January 2019|access-date=5 December 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1995|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] gs2cm10xkuuf73oc8cjlr3m53n2rlvo 0 234674 1542381 2026-05-13T23:50:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dominggus Mandacan''' ni mwanasiasa wa Indonesia ambaye ni gavana wa Papua Magharibi, akihudumu tangu Februari 2025 baada ya muhula wake wa kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2022.<ref>[[http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/07/29/raja-ampat-promotes-culture-with-festival-handicraft-exhibition.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/07/29/raja-ampat-promotes-culture-with-festival-handicraft-exhibition.html) Raja Ampat promotes culture with festi...' 1542381 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dominggus Mandacan''' ni mwanasiasa wa Indonesia ambaye ni gavana wa Papua Magharibi, akihudumu tangu Februari 2025 baada ya muhula wake wa kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2022.<ref>[[http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/07/29/raja-ampat-promotes-culture-with-festival-handicraft-exhibition.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/07/29/raja-ampat-promotes-culture-with-festival-handicraft-exhibition.html) Raja Ampat promotes culture with festival, handicraft exhibition]. [[The Jakarta Post]], 29 Julai 2017. Iliwekwa 7 Agosti 2017.</ref><ref>[[http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/jokowi-observes-massive-indonesian-military-exercise-near-south-china-sea](http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/jokowi-observes-massive-indonesian-military-exercise-near-south-china-sea) Jokowi observes massive Indonesian military exercise near South China Sea]. [[The Straits Times]], 20 Mei 2017. Iliwekwa 7 Agosti 2017.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] rmcqovtsos8jh5tdm6dsbz9n1fi07hh 0 234675 1542382 2026-05-13T23:53:14Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gerri Martin Milliam Mandagi''' (amezaliwa 12 Juni 1983) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza katika nafasi ya golikipa. == Kazi ya klabu == === Mitra Kukar === Gerri Mandagi alisajiliwa na Mitra Kukar kushiriki katika Indonesia Soccer Championship A mwaka 2016. Alifanikiwa haraka kuwa golikipa wa kwanza wa timu hiyo, akicheza mechi 40 katika misimu minne.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2...' 1542382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerri Martin Milliam Mandagi''' (amezaliwa 12 Juni 1983) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] anayocheza katika nafasi ya golikipa. == Kazi ya klabu == === Mitra Kukar === Gerri Mandagi alisajiliwa na Mitra Kukar kushiriki katika Indonesia Soccer Championship A mwaka 2016. Alifanikiwa haraka kuwa golikipa wa kwanza wa timu hiyo, akicheza mechi 40 katika misimu minne.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2461184/gerry-mandagi-tak-kejar-ambisi-pribadi-di-mitra-kukar|title=Gerry](https://www.bola.com/indonesia/read/2461184/gerry-mandagi-tak-kejar-ambisi-pribadi-di-mitra-kukar|title=Gerry) Mandagi Tak Kejar Ambisi Pribadi di Mitra Kukar|website=[www.bola.com](http://www.bola.com)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1983|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] rb1y7c23gn7564j92xm3p572gawrn7m 0 234676 1542383 2026-05-13T23:56:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marchelino Mandagi''' (alizaliwa 16 Februari 1990 mjini Tomohon) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130107231520/http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|url-status=dead|archive-date=7](http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/b...' 1542383 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marchelino Mandagi''' (alizaliwa 16 Februari 1990 mjini Tomohon) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130107231520/http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|url-status=dead|archive-date=7](http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130107231520/http://www.liga-indonesia.co.id/bli/index.php?go=news.profiledetail&type=detail&klub=61&id=2323|url-status=dead|archive-date=7) January 2013|title=Marchelino Abraham Mandagi|publisher=liga-indonesia.co.id|accessdate=29 July 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 5wkym7eitavlijztgj3fbqtfbj70l5v 0 234677 1542384 2026-05-13T23:58:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lukas Mandowen'''<ref>[[https://int.soccerway.com/players/lukas-wellem-mandowen/157195/](https://int.soccerway.com/players/lukas-wellem-mandowen/157195/) Lukas Mandowen]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Aprili 1989) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.acehunited.com/players|title=Players|language=indonesian|website=www.acehunited.com|accessdate=28](https://www.acehunited.com/players|title=Players|language=...' 1542384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lukas Mandowen'''<ref>[[https://int.soccerway.com/players/lukas-wellem-mandowen/157195/](https://int.soccerway.com/players/lukas-wellem-mandowen/157195/) Lukas Mandowen]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Aprili 1989) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.acehunited.com/players|title=Players|language=indonesian|website=www.acehunited.com|accessdate=28](https://www.acehunited.com/players|title=Players|language=indonesian|website=www.acehunited.com|accessdate=28) Septemba 2018|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140533/https://www.acehunited.com/Players|archive-date=12](https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140533/https://www.acehunited.com/Players|archive-date=12) Juni 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuchezea klabu za Perseru Serui na Persipura Jayapura. Katika kipindi cha ujana wake wa soka, alitumia misimu miwili akiwa na timu ya Persipura U-21. Pia alikuwa mfungaji bora wa mashindano ya Indonesia Super League U-21 katika msimu wa 2009–10 Indonesia Super League U-21. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1989|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 9q1rq3nmazy9j6d36johs9wjhhlgo8c 0 234678 1542395 2026-05-14T01:33:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vânia Andrea de Castro Jesus''' (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1979) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic Party (PSD)]], aliliwakilisha jimbo la [[Madeira (Assembly of the Republic constituency)|Madeira]] katika Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2011. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=4095 Wasifu Rasm...' 1542395 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vânia Andrea de Castro Jesus''' (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1979) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic Party (PSD)]], aliliwakilisha jimbo la [[Madeira (Assembly of the Republic constituency)|Madeira]] katika Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2011. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=4095 Wasifu Rasmi wa Vânia Jesus] katika tovuti ya Bunge la Ureno. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979||Jesus, Vania}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 75r6sykuiyw2rexxckk69l0pjdvaytv 0 234679 1542396 2026-05-14T01:38:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joacine Elysees Katar Tavares Moreira''' (alizaliwa 27 Julai 1982) ni mwanataaluma, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Guinea-Bissau]]. Alipata umaarufu wa kihistoria mnamo mwaka 2019 alipochaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi kuongoza kampeni ya chama cha kisiasa nchini humo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biogra...' 1542396 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joacine Elysees Katar Tavares Moreira''' (alizaliwa 27 Julai 1982) ni mwanataaluma, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Guinea-Bissau]]. Alipata umaarufu wa kihistoria mnamo mwaka 2019 alipochaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi kuongoza kampeni ya chama cha kisiasa nchini humo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=6543 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Moreira, Joacine Katar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Ureno]] nggzb61zkambqd634iv4xpm1pkol7w9 0 234680 1542398 2026-05-14T01:41:32Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexandra Ludomila Ribeiro Fernandes Leitão''' (alizaliwa 8 Aprili 1973) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, na profesa wa sheria nchini [[Ureno]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti (PS), amekuwa na nafasi kubwa katika uongozi wa nchi, ikiwemo kuhudumu kama Waziri na kiongozi wa wabunge wa chama chake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=65...' 1542398 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandra Ludomila Ribeiro Fernandes Leitão''' (alizaliwa 8 Aprili 1973) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, na profesa wa sheria nchini [[Ureno]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti (PS), amekuwa na nafasi kubwa katika uongozi wa nchi, ikiwemo kuhudumu kama Waziri na kiongozi wa wabunge wa chama chake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=6543 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] (Parlamento.pt) * [https://www.fd.ulisboa.pt/teachers/teaching-staff/alexandra-leitao_en/ Wasifu wa kitaaluma] katika Chuo Kikuu cha Lisbon. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Leitao, Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Lisbon]] 463m7g7xqefs9wrbn8vmzrynco2dikp 0 234681 1542399 2026-05-14T01:44:31Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Luísa Pereira Luís''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores akiwakilisha kisiwa cha [[Faial Island|Faial]] kama mwanachama wa Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti tangu mwaka 2008. Alikuwa **Rais wa Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores** kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi 2020, na mjumbe wa Baraza la Utawala mjini [[Horta, Azores|Horta]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}...' 1542399 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Luísa Pereira Luís''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores akiwakilisha kisiwa cha [[Faial Island|Faial]] kama mwanachama wa Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti tangu mwaka 2008. Alikuwa **Rais wa Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores** kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi 2020, na mjumbe wa Baraza la Utawala mjini [[Horta, Azores|Horta]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alra.pt/index.php/assembleia/composicao/deputados/ana-luisa-pereira-luis Wasifu wa Ana Luís] katika tovuti rasmi ya Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores. * [https://www.psazores.org/ Chama cha Kisoshalisti cha Azores (PS Açores)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Luis, Ana Luisa Pereira}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f2rxxpx9n6k67buuasurkhxtklc23jr 0 234682 1542401 2026-05-14T01:47:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Vasconcelos Martins''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 1985) ni mwanasheria, mwanasayansi wa siasa, na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa chama cha [[Liberal Initiative]] (IL) ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] katika Uchaguzi wa Bunge la Ulaya wa 2024 nchini Ureno|uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title="Freed from Desire". IL chega de Smart a Bruxelas, Cotrim ao volante, Ana Martins à pendura |url=https://rr.sapo.pt/notici...' 1542401 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Vasconcelos Martins''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 1985) ni mwanasheria, mwanasayansi wa siasa, na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa chama cha [[Liberal Initiative]] (IL) ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] katika Uchaguzi wa Bunge la Ulaya wa 2024 nchini Ureno|uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title="Freed from Desire". IL chega de Smart a Bruxelas, Cotrim ao volante, Ana Martins à pendura |url=https://rr.sapo.pt/noticia/politica/2024/06/10/freed-from-desire-il-chega-de-smart-a-bruxelas-cotrim-ao-volante-ana-martins-a-pendura/381883/ |publisher=[[Rádio Renascença]] |language=pt |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/home Wasifu rasmi katika tovuti ya Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://iniciativaliberal.pt/ Tovuti ya Chama cha Iniciativa Liberal] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Martins, Ana Vasconcelos}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] edamqwome3hn9o7ncfqx7finq2wmdxf 0 234683 1542403 2026-05-14T01:50:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Paula Mecheiro de Almeida Martins Silvestre Correia''' (alizaliwa 4 Novemba 1965) ni mfamasia na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2024, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Afya** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quem é Ana Paula Martins, a nova ministra da Saúde que cita Churchill e procura consensos? |url=https:/...' 1542403 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Paula Mecheiro de Almeida Martins Silvestre Correia''' (alizaliwa 4 Novemba 1965) ni mfamasia na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2024, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Afya** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quem é Ana Paula Martins, a nova ministra da Saúde que cita Churchill e procura consensos? |url=https://cnnportugal.iol.pt/novos-ministros/novo-governo/quem-e-ana-paula-martins-a-nova-ministra-da-saude-que-cita-churchill-e-procura-consensos/20240328/6605ab79d34ebf9bbb3bd7a8 |access-date=2024-04-13 |website=CNN Portugal |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc24/governo/ministros/saude Wasifu rasmi katika tovuti ya Serikali ya Ureno] * [https://www.ordemfarmaceuticos.pt/ Tovuti ya Chama cha Wafamasia wa Ureno] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Martins, Ana Paula}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s4pvterkzh9ljdba33o56ssmy3ohxdg 0 234684 1542404 2026-05-14T01:54:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Catarina Soares Martins''' (alizaliwa 7 Septemba 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mwigizaji wa [[Ureno]]. Alikuwa mratibu wa kitaifa wa chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (Bloco de Esquerda) tangu tarehe 11 Novemba 2012 hadi 28 Mei 2023, na amekuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno tangu mwaka 2009. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=4161 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] * [htt...' 1542404 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Catarina Soares Martins''' (alizaliwa 7 Septemba 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mwigizaji wa [[Ureno]]. Alikuwa mratibu wa kitaifa wa chama cha [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]] (Bloco de Esquerda) tangu tarehe 11 Novemba 2012 hadi 28 Mei 2023, na amekuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Jamhuri ya Ureno tangu mwaka 2009. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=4161 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] * [https://www.esquerda.net/ Esquerda.net] (Tovuti ya chama cha Left Bloc) {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Martins, Catarina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] k6qngcxw7rku0gt94eoyoq4ckc89cts 0 234685 1542405 2026-05-14T01:58:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Catarina Veiga Santos Mendonça Mendes''' (alizaliwa 14 Septemba 1973) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye aalifanya kazi katika nyadhifa za juu serikalini na ndani ya [[Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti]] (PS). Alikuwa **Waziri wa Masuala ya Bunge** katika serikali ya XXIII chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[António Costa]] kuanzia mwaka 2022 hadi 2024. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/...' 1542405 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Catarina Veiga Santos Mendonça Mendes''' (alizaliwa 14 Septemba 1973) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye aalifanya kazi katika nyadhifa za juu serikalini na ndani ya [[Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti]] (PS). Alikuwa **Waziri wa Masuala ya Bunge** katika serikali ya XXIII chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[António Costa]] kuanzia mwaka 2022 hadi 2024. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.parlamento.pt/DeputadoGP/Paginas/Biografia.aspx?BID=1214 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/home Wasifu katika tovuti ya Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Mendes, Ana Catarina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] ruyozbflmbxhqdhbhm79ghenqwvaba6 0 234686 1542406 2026-05-14T02:01:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Violeta Alexandru''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya Waziri Mkuu [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya mwaka 2019 na 2020.<ref name="who_are_the_ministers_romania_insider_2019">{{Cite web|date=4 November 2019|title=Who are the 16 ministers in Romanian PM Ludovic Orban's team?|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/romania-new-ministers-orban-gove...' 1542406 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Violeta Alexandru''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya Waziri Mkuu [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya mwaka 2019 na 2020.<ref name="who_are_the_ministers_romania_insider_2019">{{Cite web|date=4 November 2019|title=Who are the 16 ministers in Romanian PM Ludovic Orban's team?|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/romania-new-ministers-orban-government|website=Romania Insider}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=9&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Alexandru, Violeta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] omzejfozjgvbsd3w89qs25bumrrd0k3 0 234687 1542408 2026-05-14T02:06:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roberta Alma Anastase''' (alizaliwa 27 Machi 1976 mjini [[Ploiești]], [[Romania]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania na mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia ya nchi hiyo alifanya kazi kama **Rais wa Baraza la Manaibu** (Chamber of Deputies) kati ya tarehe 19 Desemba 2008 na 3 Julai 2012. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=10&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu Rasmi wa Roberta Anastase] katika tovuti ya Bunge...' 1542408 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roberta Alma Anastase''' (alizaliwa 27 Machi 1976 mjini [[Ploiești]], [[Romania]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania na mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia ya nchi hiyo alifanya kazi kama **Rais wa Baraza la Manaibu** (Chamber of Deputies) kati ya tarehe 19 Desemba 2008 na 3 Julai 2012. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=10&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu Rasmi wa Roberta Anastase] katika tovuti ya Bunge la Romania. * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33971/ROBERTA+ALMA_ANASTASE/history/6 Kumbukumbu za Bunge la Ulaya]. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Anastase, Roberta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 694p08bra8ocombkwqrk5txdykxt4n8 0 234688 1542409 2026-05-14T02:09:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ecaterina Andronescu''' (alizaliwa 7 Aprili 1948) ni mhandisi, profesa, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD), alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Baraza la Manaibu (1996–2008) na baadaye kama Seneta (2008–2020) akiwakilisha mji wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=f0a1b2c3 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti...' 1542409 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ecaterina Andronescu''' (alizaliwa 7 Aprili 1948) ni mhandisi, profesa, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD), alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Baraza la Manaibu (1996–2008) na baadaye kama Seneta (2008–2020) akiwakilisha mji wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=f0a1b2c3 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Romania] * [http://www.gov.ro/ecaterina-andronescu__l1a63.html Profaili katika tovuti ya Serikali ya Romania] (Kumbukumbu) {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948||Andronescu, Ecaterina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rnt4sc0hzpe9b3ivh3rrnc1iokv4jjc 0 234689 1542411 2026-05-14T02:13:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luminița Anghel''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1968) ni mwimbaji, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Anajulikana kimataifa kwa kuiwakilisha [[Romania katika Shindano la Wimbo la Eurovision 2005]] akiwa na kikundi cha wapiga ngoma cha Sistem. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://eurovision.tv/participant/luminita-anghel-sistem Profaili ya Luminița Anghel] katika tovuti rasmi ya Eurovision. * [https://www.facebook.c...' 1542411 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luminița Anghel''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1968) ni mwimbaji, mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Anajulikana kimataifa kwa kuiwakilisha [[Romania katika Shindano la Wimbo la Eurovision 2005]] akiwa na kikundi cha wapiga ngoma cha Sistem. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://eurovision.tv/participant/luminita-anghel-sistem Profaili ya Luminița Anghel] katika tovuti rasmi ya Eurovision. * [https://www.facebook.com/LuminitaAnghelOfficial Ukurasa Rasmi wa Facebook] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968||Anghel, Luminita}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ithq8ax995flct9zmn52rz30z5v3d56 0 234690 1542412 2026-05-14T02:17:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Monica Cristina Anisie''' (alizaliwa 19 Julai 1973) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Alihudumu kama **Waziri wa Elimu na Utafiti** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya Novemba 2019 na Desemba 2020.<ref name="monica_anisie_edu_ro_cv">{{Cite web|title=Curriculum vitae – Monica Anisie|url=https://www.edu.ro/sites/default/files/_fișiere/...' 1542412 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monica Cristina Anisie''' (alizaliwa 19 Julai 1973) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Alihudumu kama **Waziri wa Elimu na Utafiti** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya Novemba 2019 na Desemba 2020.<ref name="monica_anisie_edu_ro_cv">{{Cite web|title=Curriculum vitae – Monica Anisie|url=https://www.edu.ro/sites/default/files/_fișiere/Minister/2019/Echipa%20MEN/CV_Monica_Anisie.pdf|website=edu.gov.ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=60686948-4389-4e4b-9721-72f10665551c Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Romania] * [https://www.pnl.ro/ Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Anisie, Monica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5dj475w2r3eajfcuu2ipjxanltr9vbn 1542663 1542412 2026-05-14T11:27:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542663 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monica Cristina Anisie''' (alizaliwa 19 Julai 1973) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Alihudumu kama **Waziri wa Elimu na Utafiti** katika serikali ya kwanza na ya pili ya [[Ludovic Orban]] kati ya Novemba 2019 na Desemba 2020.<ref name="monica_anisie_edu_ro_cv">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Curriculum vitae – Monica Anisie|url=https://www.edu.ro/sites/default/files/_fișiere/Minister/2019/Echipa%20MEN/CV_Monica_Anisie.pdf|website=edu.gov.ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=60686948-4389-4e4b-9721-72f10665551c Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Romania] * [https://www.pnl.ro/ Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Anisie, Monica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6xwr5h4klz192vgl71ug1glm5y55cr8 0 234691 1542413 2026-05-14T02:20:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mitzura Domnica Arghezi''' (alizaliwa kama '''Domnica Theodorescu'''; 10 Desemba 1924 – 27 Oktoba 2015) alikuwa mwigizaji, msanii wa michoro, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa binti wa mshairi mashuhuri [[Tudor Arghezi]] na dada wa mwandishi [[Baruțu T. Arghezi]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0034493/ Mitzura Arghezi] katika tovuti ya IMDb. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2015|Arghezi, Mitzura}} Ja...' 1542413 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mitzura Domnica Arghezi''' (alizaliwa kama '''Domnica Theodorescu'''; 10 Desemba 1924 – 27 Oktoba 2015) alikuwa mwigizaji, msanii wa michoro, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa binti wa mshairi mashuhuri [[Tudor Arghezi]] na dada wa mwandishi [[Baruțu T. Arghezi]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0034493/ Mitzura Arghezi] katika tovuti ya IMDb. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2015|Arghezi, Mitzura}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] jtrabfuzqx6q52qkhong3awna02qvqf 0 234692 1542414 2026-05-14T02:23:32Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand''' (alizaliwa 28 Juni 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mfanyabiashara wa [[Romania]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Kati ya Oktoba 2020 na Novemba 2024, alifanya kazi kama Meya wa [[Sector 1 (Bucharest)|Sekta ya 1]] mjini Bucharest. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.clotildearmand.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Clotilde Armand] * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197631/CLOTILDE_ARMAND/history/9 Wasifu ka...' 1542414 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clotilde Marie Brigitte Armand''' (alizaliwa 28 Juni 1973) ni mwanasiasa na mfanyabiashara wa [[Romania]] aliyezaliwa nchini [[Ufaransa]]. Kati ya Oktoba 2020 na Novemba 2024, alifanya kazi kama Meya wa [[Sector 1 (Bucharest)|Sekta ya 1]] mjini Bucharest. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.clotildearmand.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Clotilde Armand] * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197631/CLOTILDE_ARMAND/history/9 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Armand, Clotilde}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rpap7ah551s3poa40n3qe1er6rszbu9 0 234693 1542415 2026-05-14T02:26:21Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sulfina Barbu''' (alizaliwa 9 Machi 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa Baraza la Manaibu (Chamber of Deputies). Alijipatia umaarufu kama mmoja wa wataalamu wa masuala ya mazingira ndani ya siasa za Romania, akifanya kazi katika nyadhifa za juu za uwaziri. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2008 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu l...' 1542415 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sulfina Barbu''' (alizaliwa 9 Machi 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa Baraza la Manaibu (Chamber of Deputies). Alijipatia umaarufu kama mmoja wa wataalamu wa masuala ya mazingira ndani ya siasa za Romania, akifanya kazi katika nyadhifa za juu za uwaziri. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2008 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Barbu, Sulfina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5etgxw4f34urg97kzb30sty9welhjrz 0 234694 1542417 2026-05-14T02:29:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elena Băsescu''' (anajulikana pia kwa kifupi kama '''EBA'''; alizaliwa 24 Aprili 1980 mjini [[Constanța]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwanamitindo wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2014. Yeye ni binti mdogo wa [[Traian Băsescu]], aliyekuwa [[Rais wa Romania]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2014. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96677/ELENA_BASESC...' 1542417 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Băsescu''' (anajulikana pia kwa kifupi kama '''EBA'''; alizaliwa 24 Aprili 1980 mjini [[Constanța]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwanamitindo wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) kati ya mwaka 2009 na 2014. Yeye ni binti mdogo wa [[Traian Băsescu]], aliyekuwa [[Rais wa Romania]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2014. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96677/ELENA_BASESCU/history/7 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Basescu, Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lqnuy02c4yr0qu8bkpcx9dlu1c72n2y 0 234695 1542419 2026-05-14T02:32:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Monica-Elena Berescu''' (alizaliwa 21 Mei 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.7iasi.ro/cine-sunt-noii-parlamentari-de-iasi-petru-movila-pleaca-din-parlament-dupa-16-ani/|title=Cine sunt noii parlamentari de Iași! Petru Movilă pleacă din Parlament după 16 ani|website=www.7iasi.ro|da...' 1542419 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monica-Elena Berescu''' (alizaliwa 21 Mei 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.7iasi.ro/cine-sunt-noii-parlamentari-de-iasi-petru-movila-pleaca-din-parlament-dupa-16-ani/|title=Cine sunt noii parlamentari de Iași! Petru Movilă pleacă din Parlament după 16 ani|website=www.7iasi.ro|date=7 December 2020|language=ro|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987||Berescu, Monica-Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] ebewuiuco92sg08k5qoss8xh36wqcxz 0 234696 1542421 2026-05-14T02:35:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Birchall''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Ana Călin'''; alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1973) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2012, amefanya kazi kama mbunge wa mkoa wa [[Vaslui County|Vaslui]] akiwakilisha [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.anabirchall.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Ana Birchall] * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&...' 1542421 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Birchall''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Ana Călin'''; alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1973) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2012, amefanya kazi kama mbunge wa mkoa wa [[Vaslui County|Vaslui]] akiwakilisha [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.anabirchall.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Ana Birchall] * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2012 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Birchall, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] olrih2fk0e1n0hlipwg5taflf5c50cm 0 234697 1542422 2026-05-14T02:38:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anca-Daniela Boagiu''' (alizaliwa 30 Novemba 1968) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Kiliberali]] (PDL), alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Baraza la Manaibu (2000–2008) na baadaye kama Seneta (2008–2016) akiwakilisha mji wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2000 W...' 1542422 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anca-Daniela Boagiu''' (alizaliwa 30 Novemba 1968) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Kiliberali]] (PDL), alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Baraza la Manaibu (2000–2008) na baadaye kama Seneta (2008–2016) akiwakilisha mji wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2000 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968||Boagiu, Anca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tjj5bzd4i6z0a2xkthvngiybjo2twgh 0 234698 1542423 2026-05-14T02:41:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Simona Bucura-Oprescu''' (alizaliwa 2 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwezi Julai 2023, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Marcel Ciolacu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2012 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] * [ht...' 1542423 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simona Bucura-Oprescu''' (alizaliwa 2 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwezi Julai 2023, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii** katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Marcel Ciolacu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2012 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] * [https://www.mmuncii.ro/j33/index.php/ro/ Wizara ya Kazi na Hifadhi ya Jamii (Romania)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Bucura-Oprescu, Simona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2zzw4067yz6cvha4764ptdis8987bnx 0 234699 1542424 2026-05-14T02:44:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diana Anda Buzoianu''' (alizaliwa 16 Mei 1994) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Mazingira** tangu mwaka 2025.<ref name="minister_of_environment">{{cite web|url=https://www.presidency.ro/ro/media/comunicate-de-presa/decret-semnat-de-presedintele-romaniei-nicusor-dan1750694950|title=Decret semnat de Președintele României, Nicușor Dan|publisher=Administrația Prezidențială|language=ro|date=23 June 2025|...' 1542424 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diana Anda Buzoianu''' (alizaliwa 16 Mei 1994) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Mazingira** tangu mwaka 2025.<ref name="minister_of_environment">{{cite web|url=https://www.presidency.ro/ro/media/comunicate-de-presa/decret-semnat-de-presedintele-romaniei-nicusor-dan1750694950|title=Decret semnat de Președintele României, Nicușor Dan|publisher=Administrația Prezidențială|language=ro|date=23 June 2025|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Kabla ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo, alikuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia Desemba 2020. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=52&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994||Buzoianu, Diana Anda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nj3x8na8ur9we49id8jqqrr3uj4bg0r 0 234700 1542427 2026-05-14T03:20:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Michael Steinbrenner III''' ([[Julai 4]], [[1930]] – [[Julai 13]], [[2010]]), aliyepewa jina la utani '''"the Boss"''', alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye alikuwa mmiliki mkuu na mshirika meneja wa timu ya ''New York Yankees'' ya ''Major League Baseball'' kuanzia [[1973]] hadi kifo chake mwaka 2010. Alikuwa mmiliki aliyehudumu kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya klabu hiyo, na Yankees walishinda mataji saba ya World Serie...' 1542427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Michael Steinbrenner III''' ([[Julai 4]], [[1930]] – [[Julai 13]], [[2010]]), aliyepewa jina la utani '''"the Boss"''', alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye alikuwa mmiliki mkuu na mshirika meneja wa timu ya ''New York Yankees'' ya ''Major League Baseball'' kuanzia [[1973]] hadi kifo chake mwaka 2010. Alikuwa mmiliki aliyehudumu kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya klabu hiyo, na Yankees walishinda mataji saba ya World Series na mabao 11 ya American League chini ya umiliki wake. Pia alihusika katika sekta ya usafirishaji wa Maziwa Makuu na Pwani ya Ghuba<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Verducci |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Verducci |date=May 10, 2004 |title=Mister Softie? |url=https://vault.si.com/vault/2004/05/10/mister-softie-at-73-george-steinbrenner-is-saying-lots-of-nice-things-and-acting-happier-than-ever-but-nobodys-relaxing-in-yankeedom-the-boss-still-has-more-power-than-any-other-owner-in-sports-and-he-knows-how-to-use-itng-in-yankeedom-the-boss-still-has-more-power-than-any-other-owner-in-sports-and-he-knows-how-to-use-it |magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030165821/https://vault.si.com/vault/2004/05/10/mister-softie-at-73-george-steinbrenner-is-saying-lots-of-nice-things-and-acting-happier-than-ever-but-nobodys-relaxing-in-yankeedom-the-boss-still-has-more-power-than-any-other-owner-in-sports-and-he-knows-how-to-use-itng-in-yankeedom-the-boss-still-has-more-power-than-any-other-owner-in-sports-and-he-knows-how-to-use-it |archive-date=2020-10-30}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2010]] e6eaqcyaw5fc4u36ecu6knx8uiwssi5 0 234701 1542428 2026-05-14T03:24:47Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Herbert A. Wertheim''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 23]], [[1939]]) ni [[daktari]] wa macho, [[mvumbuzi]], [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea, na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na rais wa ''Brain Power Incorporated (BPI)'', kampuni inayobobea katika rangi za macho za miwani na inamiliki zaidi ya hati miliki 100. Alijenga utajiri wake kupitia uwekezaji wa hisa kwa miongo mitano, na anajulikana zaidi kama mbia binafsi mkubwa zaidi katika kampuni ya anga H...' 1542428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert A. Wertheim''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 23]], [[1939]]) ni [[daktari]] wa macho, [[mvumbuzi]], [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea, na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na rais wa ''Brain Power Incorporated (BPI)'', kampuni inayobobea katika rangi za macho za miwani na inamiliki zaidi ya hati miliki 100. Alijenga utajiri wake kupitia uwekezaji wa hisa kwa miongo mitano, na anajulikana zaidi kama mbia binafsi mkubwa zaidi katika kampuni ya anga Heico. Kufikia [[2026]], Forbes inakadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 3.9.<ref name="forbes.com">{{Cite web |last=Berg |first=Madeline |date=February 19, 2019 |title=The Greatest Investor You've Never Heard Of: An Optometrist Who Beat The Odds To Become A Billionaire |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2019/02/19/the-greatest-investor-youve-never-heard-of-an-optometrist-who-beat-the-odds-to-become-a-billionaire/ |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="Forbes profile">{{cite web|title=Forbes profile: Herbert Wertheim |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/herbert-wertheim/ |website=Forbes |access-date=30 April 2026}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Herbert Wertheim - University of Florida Alumni Association |url=https://connect.ufalumni.ufl.edu/network/successfulgator/h-wertheim |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=connect.ufalumni.ufl.edu}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wavumbuzi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q4nz8e3jwoovnbuhslubrpku1yhfagd 1542626 1542428 2026-05-14T10:08:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herbert A. Wertheim''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 23]], [[1939]]) ni [[daktari]] wa macho, [[mvumbuzi]], [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea, na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi na rais wa ''Brain Power Incorporated (BPI)'', kampuni inayobobea katika rangi za macho za miwani na inamiliki zaidi ya hati miliki 100. Alijenga utajiri wake kupitia uwekezaji wa hisa kwa miongo mitano, na anajulikana zaidi kama mbia binafsi mkubwa zaidi katika kampuni ya anga Heico. Kufikia [[2026]], Forbes inakadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 3.9.<ref name="forbes.com">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Berg |first=Madeline |date=February 19, 2019 |title=The Greatest Investor You've Never Heard Of: An Optometrist Who Beat The Odds To Become A Billionaire |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2019/02/19/the-greatest-investor-youve-never-heard-of-an-optometrist-who-beat-the-odds-to-become-a-billionaire/ |website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]}}</ref><ref name="Forbes profile">{{cite web|title=Forbes profile: Herbert Wertheim |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/herbert-wertheim/ |website=Forbes |access-date=30 April 2026}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Herbert Wertheim - University of Florida Alumni Association |url=https://connect.ufalumni.ufl.edu/network/successfulgator/h-wertheim |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=connect.ufalumni.ufl.edu}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wavumbuzi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2r4vnpituy0rtxtvthsg2x9g275tkmn 0 234702 1542429 2026-05-14T03:29:03Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Axel Stawski''' (alizaliwa [[1950]] au [[1951]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea na mhandisi mwendelezaji wa majengo na maeneo nchini [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa umiliki wa majengo huko [[Manhattan]] kupitia kampuni yake, Stawski Partners.Kufikia Mei [[2026]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 1.03.<ref name="forbes1">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/axel-stawski/ |title=Forbes profile: Axel Stawski |work=Forbes.com |accessdate=...' 1542429 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Axel Stawski''' (alizaliwa [[1950]] au [[1951]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea na mhandisi mwendelezaji wa majengo na maeneo nchini [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa umiliki wa majengo huko [[Manhattan]] kupitia kampuni yake, Stawski Partners.Kufikia Mei [[2026]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 1.03.<ref name="forbes1">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/axel-stawski/ |title=Forbes profile: Axel Stawski |work=Forbes.com |accessdate=18 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2016 |title=Meet the billionaire who built a huge fortune with small buildings |url=https://therealdeal.com/new-york/2016/07/15/meet-the-billionaire-who-built-a-huge-fortune-with-small-buildings/ |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=therealdeal.com}}</ref><ref name="avelimil">{{cite web|author=שם * |url=https://www.avelim.co.il/moniek-stawski-zl/ |title=Moniek Stawski z"l &#124; Jerusalem Post, ארגון נכי צה"ל, יד ושם &#124; 14.10.13 |publisher=Avelim.co.il |date= October 14, 2013|accessdate=April 30, 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] joiq7txzemqg4sycgo0jv6zdjotqb7z 0 234703 1542430 2026-05-14T03:32:35Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Adam Joel Weitsman''' ni [[mjasiriamali]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mmiliki na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa ''Upstate Shredding – Weitsman Recycling'', kampuni ya kusindika chuma chakavu yenye makao yake Owego, [[New York]]. Pia anamiliki kampuni ya sarafu ya kidijitali iitwayo Viridium. Ana utajiri unaokadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 1.5.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/16/garden/house-proud-a-studio-breathes-idea-by-idea-...' 1542430 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Joel Weitsman''' ni [[mjasiriamali]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mmiliki na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa ''Upstate Shredding – Weitsman Recycling'', kampuni ya kusindika chuma chakavu yenye makao yake Owego, [[New York]]. Pia anamiliki kampuni ya sarafu ya kidijitali iitwayo Viridium. Ana utajiri unaokadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 1.5.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/16/garden/house-proud-a-studio-breathes-idea-by-idea-by-idea.html|title=HOUSE PROUD; A Studio Breathes, Idea by Idea by Idea|last=Louie|first=Elaine|date=March 16, 1995|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 31, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="nyt 2010">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/10/arts/design/10antiques.html|title=Adam Weitsman New York Stoneware Collection, at Home in Albany|last=Kahn|first=Eve M.|date=September 9, 2010|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 31, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=How Adam Weitsman became Syracuse's most visible fan |url=https://www.syracuse.com/orangebasketball/2019/03/how-a-bromance-between-jim-boeheim-adam-weitsman-created-syracuses-most-visible-fan.html |work=[[syracuse.com]] |date=March 13, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] 63kfg9ftc9hezrwawy0dtr1qdz0fytk 0 234704 1542431 2026-05-14T03:35:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elton Bryson Stephens Sr.''' ([[1911]] – [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] kutoka [[Alabama]], ambaye alianzisha [[EBSCO Industries]].<ref name="tandfonline">Jim Stephens, [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00987913.2005.10764961#abstract In Memoriam: Elton Bryson Stephens, 1911–2005], ''Serial Reviews'', Volume 31, Issue 2, 2005, pp. 80–81</ref><ref name="birminghamnews">Michael Tomberlin, [http://www.al.com/busin...' 1542431 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elton Bryson Stephens Sr.''' ([[1911]] – [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] kutoka [[Alabama]], ambaye alianzisha [[EBSCO Industries]].<ref name="tandfonline">Jim Stephens, [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00987913.2005.10764961#abstract In Memoriam: Elton Bryson Stephens, 1911–2005], ''Serial Reviews'', Volume 31, Issue 2, 2005, pp. 80–81</ref><ref name="birminghamnews">Michael Tomberlin, [http://www.al.com/business/index.ssf/2014/07/stephens_family_may_be_better.html Stephens family may be better known in Birmingham for generosity than $4 billion wealth], ''The Birmingham News'', July 10, 2014</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thefbcg.com/EBSCO--Building-a-Family-Conglomerate-on-Values-and-Capital/|title=EBSCO: Building a Family Conglomerate on Values and Capital {{!}} The Family Business Consulting Group|newspaper=The Family Business Consulting Group|access-date=2019-06-19}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1911]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] p6itwm5c5xhyope0m074w8rnk6w167h 1542603 1542431 2026-05-14T09:49:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542603 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elton Bryson Stephens Sr.''' ([[1911]] – [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] kutoka [[Alabama]], ambaye alianzisha [[EBSCO Industries]].<ref name="tandfonline">Jim Stephens, [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00987913.2005.10764961#abstract In Memoriam: Elton Bryson Stephens, 1911–2005], ''Serial Reviews'', Volume 31, Issue 2, 2005, pp. 80–81</ref><ref name="birminghamnews">Michael Tomberlin, [http://www.al.com/business/index.ssf/2014/07/stephens_family_may_be_better.html Stephens family may be better known in Birmingham for generosity than $4 billion wealth], ''The Birmingham News'', July 10, 2014</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.thefbcg.com/EBSCO--Building-a-Family-Conglomerate-on-Values-and-Capital/|title=EBSCO: Building a Family Conglomerate on Values and Capital {{!}} The Family Business Consulting Group|newspaper=The Family Business Consulting Group|access-date=2019-06-19}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1911]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] hwtg3ajgh716nf79tu11j9hi89jmb9i 0 234705 1542433 2026-05-14T03:40:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Leslie Herbert Wexner''' (Alizaliwa [[Septemba 8]], [[1937]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea na [[mwanaharakati]] wa siasa nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi mwenza na mwenyekiti wa [[Bath & Body Works, Inc.]] Amekuwa mkuu wa [[Abercrombie & Fitch]], [[Victoria's Secret]] na [[La Senza].Kufikia Aprili [[2026]], [[Forbes]] ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 9.25.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wise |first=Justin |title=Wealthiest Republican supporter...' 1542433 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leslie Herbert Wexner''' (Alizaliwa [[Septemba 8]], [[1937]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea na [[mwanaharakati]] wa siasa nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi mwenza na mwenyekiti wa [[Bath & Body Works, Inc.]] Amekuwa mkuu wa [[Abercrombie & Fitch]], [[Victoria's Secret]] na [[La Senza].Kufikia Aprili [[2026]], [[Forbes]] ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 9.25.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wise |first=Justin |title=Wealthiest Republican supporter in Ohio quits party |work=The Hill |date=September 15, 2018 |access-date=2018-09-15 |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/406822-wealthiest-republican-supporter-in-ohio-quits-party/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dispatch.com/news/20180915/les-wexner-renounces-republican-party-affiliation-after-obama-stops-in-columbus |title=Les Wexner renounces Republican Party affiliation after Obama stops in Columbus |first=Suzanne |last=Goldsmith |website=[[Columbus Dispatch]] |location=Columbus, Ohio |date=September 15, 2018 |access-date=2018-11-10 |archive-date=2018-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915112221/http://www.dispatch.com/news/20180915/les-wexner-renounces-republican-party-affiliation-after-obama-stops-in-columbus |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/1389469 |title=Bloomberg Business Profile: Leslie Herbert Wexner|website=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=May 25, 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qty97eofao9mh1mpqbyjeo06zbrs1su 0 234706 1542436 2026-05-14T03:46:13Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael H. Steinhardt''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 7]], [[1940]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea wa hazina ya uwekezaji, mfadhili, na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1967]], alianzisha kampuni ya hazina ya uwekezaji ya Steinhardt Partners ambayo aliiendesha hadi alipoifunga mwaka [[1995]]. Baada ya mapumziko kutoka kazi, alirudi kuongoza WisdomTree Investments mwaka [[2004]].[[Forbes]] iliripoti utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 1.1 kuf...' 1542436 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael H. Steinhardt''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 7]], [[1940]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea wa hazina ya uwekezaji, mfadhili, na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1967]], alianzisha kampuni ya hazina ya uwekezaji ya Steinhardt Partners ambayo aliiendesha hadi alipoifunga mwaka [[1995]]. Baada ya mapumziko kutoka kazi, alirudi kuongoza WisdomTree Investments mwaka [[2004]].[[Forbes]] iliripoti utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 1.1 kufikia Oktoba [[2018]].<ref name="Noer">{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelnoer/2014/01/22/michael-steinhardt-wall-streets-greatest-trader-is-back-and-hes-reinventing-investing-again/#111ef52e6769|title=Michael Steinhardt, Wall Street's Greatest Trader, Is Back -- And He's Reinventing Investing Again|last=Noer|first=Michael|newspaper=Forbes|access-date=2017-02-18}}</ref><ref>Sebastian Mallaby (2010). ''[[More Money Than God]]'', pg.41</ref><ref name="forbes">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/michael-steinhardt/|title=Michael Steinhardt|magazine=[[Forbes]]|access-date=2018-10-28}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o4v38wpmx31dnoirwbh5izwihzavxlr 1542660 1542436 2026-05-14T11:19:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael H. Steinhardt''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 7]], [[1940]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea wa hazina ya uwekezaji, mfadhili, na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1967]], alianzisha kampuni ya hazina ya uwekezaji ya Steinhardt Partners ambayo aliiendesha hadi alipoifunga mwaka [[1995]]. Baada ya mapumziko kutoka kazi, alirudi kuongoza WisdomTree Investments mwaka [[2004]].[[Forbes]] iliripoti utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 1.1 kufikia Oktoba [[2018]].<ref name="Noer">{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelnoer/2014/01/22/michael-steinhardt-wall-streets-greatest-trader-is-back-and-hes-reinventing-investing-again/#111ef52e6769|title=Michael Steinhardt, Wall Street's Greatest Trader, Is Back -- And He's Reinventing Investing Again|last=Noer|first=Michael|newspaper=Forbes|access-date=2017-02-18}}</ref><ref>Sebastian Mallaby (2010). ''[[More Money Than God]]'', pg.41</ref><ref name="forbes">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/michael-steinhardt/|title=Michael Steinhardt|magazine=[[Forbes]]|access-date=2018-10-28}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mqs52mrw9cti2xikfpp8qopesvm2g2f 0 234707 1542437 2026-05-14T03:53:20Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Friedrich (Frederick) Weyerhäuser''' ([[Novemba 21]], [[1834]] – [[Aprili 4]], [[1914]])na alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Ujerumani]].Ni mwanzilishi wa [[Weyerhaeuser Company]], ambayo inamiliki viwanda vya mbao, viwanda vya karatasi, na biashara nyinginezo pamoja na maeneo makubwa ya ardhi yenye misitu kaskazini mwa Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick Weyerhaeuser |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...' 1542437 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Friedrich (Frederick) Weyerhäuser''' ([[Novemba 21]], [[1834]] – [[Aprili 4]], [[1914]])na alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Ujerumani]].Ni mwanzilishi wa [[Weyerhaeuser Company]], ambayo inamiliki viwanda vya mbao, viwanda vya karatasi, na biashara nyinginezo pamoja na maeneo makubwa ya ardhi yenye misitu kaskazini mwa Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick Weyerhaeuser |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Weyerh%C3%A4user |website=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Mwaka [[2007]], alikadiriwa na [[Forbes]] kama Mmarekani tajiri wa nane wa wakati wote, akiwa na utajiri wa dola bilioni 85 katika dola za mwaka [[2006]]. Alijulikana kama "mfalme wa mbao wa Kaskazini-Magharibi."<ref>{{cite web |title=Friedrich Weyerhauser Net Worth |url=https://www.therichest.com/celebnetworth/celebrity-business/friedrich-weyerhauser-net-worth/ |website=TheRichest |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref><ref name="forbes">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.forbes.com/2007/09/14/richest-americans-alltime-biz_cx_pw_as_0914ialltime_slide_9.html?thisSpeed=30000 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126084343/http://www.forbes.com/2007/09/14/richest-americans-alltime-biz_cx_pw_as_0914ialltime_slide_9.html?thisSpeed=30000 |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 26, 2013 |title=The All-Time Richest Americans |magazine=[[Forbes.com]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1834]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1914]] tq54tjiun4nag27mxcfrvcnwobbzv4f 0 234708 1542438 2026-05-14T03:55:37Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chikondi Banda''' (28 Desemba 1979 – 8 Agosti 2013) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo. Katika maisha yake ya klabu, Banda aliichezea Big Bullets na Michiru Castles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chikondi Banda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4097/Chikondi_Banda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmer...' 1542438 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chikondi Banda''' (28 Desemba 1979 – 8 Agosti 2013) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo. Katika maisha yake ya klabu, Banda aliichezea Big Bullets na Michiru Castles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chikondi Banda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4097/Chikondi_Banda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> Aliichezea timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi national football team kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 2000 na alipata jumla ya mechi 7 za kimataifa, ikiwemo mechi moja ya kufuzu Kombe la Dunia la FIFA. Chikondi Banda alifariki tarehe 8 Agosti 2013 akiwa na umri wa miaka 33 kutokana na [[malaria]] ya ubongo (cerebral malaria). Pia alikuwa baba wa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu Peter Banda. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] c85ef7fk4igfq7isofpntxlp47bk3py 0 234709 1542440 2026-05-14T03:59:39Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Christopher-John Banda (10 Julai 1974, Blantyre, Malawi – 6 Septemba 2009) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi. ---- == Kazi ya klabu == * 1996–2001: MTL Wanderers * 2001–2003: Big Bullets * 2003–2009: Kuchekuche Stars ---- == Kazi ya kimataifa == Banda alikuwa mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. Aliichezea timu hiyo kuanzia mwaka 1996 na alicheza mechi zake za mwisho mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Banda...' 1542440 wikitext text/x-wiki Christopher-John Banda (10 Julai 1974, Blantyre, Malawi – 6 Septemba 2009) alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi. ---- == Kazi ya klabu == * 1996–2001: MTL Wanderers * 2001–2003: Big Bullets * 2003–2009: Kuchekuche Stars ---- == Kazi ya kimataifa == Banda alikuwa mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. Aliichezea timu hiyo kuanzia mwaka 1996 na alicheza mechi zake za mwisho mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Banda|url=http://www.fussballdaten.de/person/christopher-john-banda/|work=fussballdaten.de|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de}}</ref> Mechi yake ya mwisho ya kimataifa, siku mbili kabla ya [[kifo]] chake, ilikuwa dhidi ya timu ya taifa ya Guinea. ---- == Kifo == Alianguka uwanjani wakati wa mechi ya klabu yake ya Kuchekuche Stars dhidi ya Man Tour katika mchezo wa kufuzu wa Standard Bank Fam Cup. Baadaye alifariki katika Hospitali ya Kamuzu Central huko Lilongwe. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1974]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2009]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] j5phn0hww9rh6oujc8swqbqdnaty51z 0 234710 1542441 2026-05-14T04:03:22Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Davi Banda''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1973 mjini Zomba) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi ambaye mara ya mwisho aliichezea Kamuzu Barracks FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Banda alianza kucheza mpira katika mji wake wa nyumbani akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Zomba United. Baada ya miaka minne, alihamia kwa wapinzani wa mji huo, Red Lions, mwaka 2007. Baadaye mwaka 2015 alijiunga na Kamuzu Barracks FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kiungo huy...' 1542441 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Davi Banda''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1973 mjini Zomba) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi ambaye mara ya mwisho aliichezea Kamuzu Barracks FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Banda alianza kucheza mpira katika mji wake wa nyumbani akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Zomba United. Baada ya miaka minne, alihamia kwa wapinzani wa mji huo, Red Lions, mwaka 2007. Baadaye mwaka 2015 alijiunga na Kamuzu Barracks FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kiungo huyo alikuwa mwanachama wa timu ya taifa ya [[Malawi]] na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010. Tarehe 11 Januari 2010 alifunga bao lake la kwanza kwa timu ya taifa dhidi ya Algeria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Drogba & Co. treffen das Tor nicht|url=https://www.kicker.de/drogba-26-co-treffen-das-tor-nicht-519485/artikel|work=kicker|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de-DE}}</ref> Aliichezea Malawi mara 17 katika mechi za kimataifa, huku mechi 6 zikihesabiwa rasmi na FIFA.<ref>{{Cite web|title=FIFA.com - FIFA Spielerstatistik Davi BANDA|url=http://de.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=298521/index.html|work=de.fifa.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de|author=FIFA.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8ywkyx5j6yb0r63pydcnc1vashea717 1542585 1542441 2026-05-14T09:41:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1542585 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Davi Banda''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1973 mjini Zomba) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi ambaye mara ya mwisho aliichezea Kamuzu Barracks FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Banda alianza kucheza mpira katika mji wake wa nyumbani akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Zomba United. Baada ya miaka minne, alihamia kwa wapinzani wa mji huo, Red Lions, mwaka 2007. Baadaye mwaka 2015 alijiunga na Kamuzu Barracks FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kiungo huyo alikuwa mwanachama wa timu ya taifa ya [[Malawi]] na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010. Tarehe 11 Januari 2010 alifunga bao lake la kwanza kwa timu ya taifa dhidi ya Algeria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Drogba & Co. treffen das Tor nicht|url=https://www.kicker.de/drogba-26-co-treffen-das-tor-nicht-519485/artikel|work=kicker|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de-DE}}</ref> Aliichezea Malawi mara 17 katika mechi za kimataifa, huku mechi 6 zikihesabiwa rasmi na FIFA.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=FIFA.com - FIFA Spielerstatistik Davi BANDA|url=http://de.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=298521/index.html|work=de.fifa.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de|author=FIFA.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fjfl2nettyrf1uo2v4mdb0g7fslcbkh 0 234711 1542442 2026-05-14T04:05:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jackson Thomas Stephens Sr.''' ([[Agosti 9]], [[1923]] – [[Julai 23]], [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] wa mafuta na mwekezaji wa benki ya uwekezaji nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[Stephens Inc.]] yenye makao yake [[Little Rock, Arkansas]], kampuni ya huduma za kifedha inayomilikiwa na watu binafsi. Pia alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Augusta National Golf Club kuanzia [[1991]] hadi [[1998]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/28/bus...' 1542442 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jackson Thomas Stephens Sr.''' ([[Agosti 9]], [[1923]] – [[Julai 23]], [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] wa mafuta na mwekezaji wa benki ya uwekezaji nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[Stephens Inc.]] yenye makao yake [[Little Rock, Arkansas]], kampuni ya huduma za kifedha inayomilikiwa na watu binafsi. Pia alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Augusta National Golf Club kuanzia [[1991]] hadi [[1998]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/28/business/28stephens.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Jackson T. Stephens, 81, Financier, Dies], Associated Press, July 28, 2005</ref><ref name="byrd">Dennis A. Byrd, [http://www.greenwooddemocrat.com/articles/2005/07/27/news/news01.txt Financier, philanthropist Jackson T. Stephens, 81, dies], ''Greenwood Democrat'' Tuesday, July 26, 2005</ref><ref name="mojo">[https://www.motherjones.com/news/special_reports/2004/04/stephens.html Profile: Jackson T. Stephens (with Mary Anne)]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1923]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] jaq1frhlyy7w6j385qqfv3fzjoadrgp 0 234712 1542443 2026-05-14T04:06:16Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Banda''' (alizaliwa 20 Agosti 1993) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu wa Malawi anayekipiga katika klabu ya UD Songo ya ligi ya Moçambola akiwa kiungo, na pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya [[Malawi]]. Aliiwakilisha Malawi katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Spor...' 1542443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Banda''' (alizaliwa 20 Agosti 1993) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu wa Malawi anayekipiga katika klabu ya UD Songo ya ligi ya Moçambola akiwa kiungo, na pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya [[Malawi]]. Aliiwakilisha Malawi katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m75megkoszphm426ssslv3foyl3faqa 0 234713 1542446 2026-05-14T04:10:43Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joel Saul Wiener''' (alizaliwa [[1948]] au [[1949]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] ,mhandisi mwendelezaji wa majengo na maeneo , mwenye nyumba, na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa Pinnacle Group nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Joel Wiener - Pinnacle Group |url=https://www.pincusco.com/person/joel-wiener/ |website=PincusCo |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Kupitia Pinnacle Group, anamiliki zaidi ya majengo 150 yenye vyumba zaidi ya 7,000 huko jijini [[New York]]<...' 1542446 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joel Saul Wiener''' (alizaliwa [[1948]] au [[1949]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] ,mhandisi mwendelezaji wa majengo na maeneo , mwenye nyumba, na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa Pinnacle Group nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Joel Wiener - Pinnacle Group |url=https://www.pincusco.com/person/joel-wiener/ |website=PincusCo |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Kupitia Pinnacle Group, anamiliki zaidi ya majengo 150 yenye vyumba zaidi ya 7,000 huko jijini [[New York]]<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/03/nyregion/03pinnacle.html|title=As Landlord Grows, So Does Criticism|date=3 September 2006|website=The New York Times|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="norwoodnews.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.norwoodnews.org/id=1339&story=a-look-at-the-pinnacle-players-and-their-bronx-buildings/|title=A Look at the Pinnacle Players and Their Bronx Buildings - Norwood News|date=1 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228055413/https://www.norwoodnews.org/id%3D1339%26story%3Da-look-at-the-pinnacle-players-and-their-bronx-buildings/|access-date=28 December 2017|archive-date=28 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="indypendent.org">{{cite web|url=https://indypendent.org/2006/05/housing-wars-pinnacle-of-greed/|title=Housing Wars: Pinnacle of Greed - The Indypendent|website=indypendent.org|access-date=28 December 2017}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] 3c7v9rk5oukjpkg5k8nqucs2eate41g 0 234714 1542447 2026-05-14T04:10:53Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Banda''' (alizaliwa 22 Septemba 2000) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo katika timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya soka == Banda alianza [[kazi]] yake ya soka na klabu ya Griffin Young Stars mwaka 2017. Mwaka 2018, alifanya majaribio katika klabu ya Orlando Pirates ya Afrika Kusini. Mwaka 2019 alijiunga na Big Bullets FC. Kabla ya kuanza kwa nusu ya pili ya msimu wa 2020–21, alisaini na klabu...' 1542447 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Banda''' (alizaliwa 22 Septemba 2000) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo katika timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya soka == Banda alianza [[kazi]] yake ya soka na klabu ya Griffin Young Stars mwaka 2017. Mwaka 2018, alifanya majaribio katika klabu ya Orlando Pirates ya Afrika Kusini. Mwaka 2019 alijiunga na Big Bullets FC. Kabla ya kuanza kwa nusu ya pili ya msimu wa 2020–21, alisaini na klabu ya FC Sheriff Tiraspol ya Moldova baada ya kufanya majaribio. Tarehe 3 Agosti 2021, alisaini mkataba wa miaka mitatu na klabu kubwa ya Ligi Kuu [[Tanzania]], Simba SC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rasmi Peter Banda asaini Simba - Simba Sports Club|url=https://simbasc.co.tz/rasmi-peter-banda-asaini-simba/|work=simbasc.co.tz|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Yeye ni mtoto wa aliyekuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu Chikondi Banda. == Mafanikio == ==== Big Bullets ==== * Bingwa wa Super League ya Malawi: 2019 ==== Sheriff Tiraspol ==== * Bingwa wa Moldovan National Division: 2020–21 == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f5b8uq56wspbegq8qwlobratavysxj0 0 234715 1542449 2026-05-14T04:13:31Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ndaziona Chatsalira''' (alizaliwa 8 Novemba 1992) ni kiungo wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anachezea [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ndaziona Chatsalira (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/43525/Ndaziona_Chatsalira.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} J...' 1542449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndaziona Chatsalira''' (alizaliwa 8 Novemba 1992) ni kiungo wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anachezea [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ndaziona Chatsalira (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/43525/Ndaziona_Chatsalira.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1v8pvzad7sazft6phk2zmlaxpvsmm5z 1542679 1542449 2026-05-14T11:57:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ndaziona Chatsalira''' (alizaliwa 8 Novemba 1992) ni kiungo wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anachezea [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ndaziona Chatsalira (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/43525/Ndaziona_Chatsalira.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8y19225aklnuxudfp0i3lhzgo6opik6 0 234716 1542450 2026-05-14T04:16:31Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Moses Chavula''' (alizaliwa 8 Agosti 1985) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi anayocheza kama beki wa kushoto katika [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulos. Chavula ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi na ameichezea timu hiyo tangu mwaka 2003. Ni mchezaji anayetumia zaidi mguu wa kushoto na hucheza nafasi ya beki wa kushoto kwa klabu yake pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses Chavula (Player)|url=https...' 1542450 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Chavula''' (alizaliwa 8 Agosti 1985) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi anayocheza kama beki wa kushoto katika [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulos. Chavula ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi na ameichezea timu hiyo tangu mwaka 2003. Ni mchezaji anayetumia zaidi mguu wa kushoto na hucheza nafasi ya beki wa kushoto kwa klabu yake pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moses Chavula (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4111/Moses_Chavula.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] hpu2ft2tsq72hul3u5tw34casktjfzz 1542665 1542450 2026-05-14T11:28:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Chavula''' (alizaliwa 8 Agosti 1985) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi anayocheza kama beki wa kushoto katika [[klabu]] ya ENH de Vilankulos. Chavula ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi na ameichezea timu hiyo tangu mwaka 2003. Ni mchezaji anayetumia zaidi mguu wa kushoto na hucheza nafasi ya beki wa kushoto kwa klabu yake pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Moses Chavula (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4111/Moses_Chavula.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] bpsbd3n4vod54rp8jloyyzzuiitoi61 0 234717 1542451 2026-05-14T04:20:01Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lawrence Chaziya''' (alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1998) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers ya TNM Super League pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Chaziya aliichezea klabu ya ndani ya CIVO United hadi mwaka 2022. Baadaye alijiunga na klabu ya Al-Hussein inayoshiriki Jordanian Pro League, ambapo alisaini [[mkataba]] hadi mwisho wa msimu wa mwaka 2022....' 1542451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawrence Chaziya''' (alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1998) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers ya TNM Super League pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Chaziya aliichezea klabu ya ndani ya CIVO United hadi mwaka 2022. Baadaye alijiunga na klabu ya Al-Hussein inayoshiriki Jordanian Pro League, ambapo alisaini [[mkataba]] hadi mwisho wa msimu wa mwaka 2022. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Alianza kuchezea timu ya taifa ya Malawi katika ushindi wa kirafiki wa mabao 2–1 dhidi ya Comoros tarehe 31 Desemba 2021. Pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Malawi katika: * Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) 2021 * Mashindano ya Four Nations Football Tournament ya mwaka 2024<ref>{{Cite web|title=Football Kenya Federation - Official Website|url=https://footballkenya.org/|work=footballkenya.org|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Football Kenya Federation}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] gzkl1crvaehcoot5b34nv6ir5xk8l9z 1542641 1542451 2026-05-14T10:57:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542641 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawrence Chaziya''' (alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1998) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama beki wa kati katika [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers ya TNM Super League pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Chaziya aliichezea klabu ya ndani ya CIVO United hadi mwaka 2022. Baadaye alijiunga na klabu ya Al-Hussein inayoshiriki Jordanian Pro League, ambapo alisaini [[mkataba]] hadi mwisho wa msimu wa mwaka 2022. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Alianza kuchezea timu ya taifa ya Malawi katika ushindi wa kirafiki wa mabao 2–1 dhidi ya Comoros tarehe 31 Desemba 2021. Pia alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Malawi katika: * Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) 2021 * Mashindano ya Four Nations Football Tournament ya mwaka 2024<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Football Kenya Federation - Official Website|url=https://footballkenya.org/|work=footballkenya.org|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Football Kenya Federation}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] d1qdrvmpq14hj5bdrepecwlyckaiund 0 234718 1542452 2026-05-14T04:24:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Margaret Cushing Whitman''' (Alizaliwa [[Agosti 4]], [[1956]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mwanadiplomasia]], na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Marekani nchini [[Kenya]] kuanzia Julai [[2022]] hadi Novemba [[2024]] chini ya Urais wa [[Joe Biden]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Moturi |first1=Ndubi |title=US Ambassador Meg Whitman resigns |url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/us-ambassador-meg-whitman-resigns/ |access-date=13 November 2024...' 1542452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Margaret Cushing Whitman''' (Alizaliwa [[Agosti 4]], [[1956]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mwanadiplomasia]], na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Marekani nchini [[Kenya]] kuanzia Julai [[2022]] hadi Novemba [[2024]] chini ya Urais wa [[Joe Biden]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Moturi |first1=Ndubi |title=US Ambassador Meg Whitman resigns |url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/us-ambassador-meg-whitman-resigns/ |access-date=13 November 2024 |agency=Nation Media |publisher=Nation Media Group}}</ref> Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[eBay]] ([[1998]]-[[2008]]) na baadaye [[Hewlett-Packard]] ([[2011]]-[[2015]]). Mwaka [[2021]], [[Forbes]] ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 5.8.<ref>{{Cite web| title=@AmbMonicaJuma has been critical to the success of the 🇺🇸🇰🇪 relationship in my time here... | url=https://x.com/USAmbKenya/status/1856964957121720664?t=Kr2oJpmq6WWIwUCMb6fOYg&s=19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325085858/https://x.com/USAmbKenya/status/1856964957121720664?t=Kr2oJpmq6WWIwUCMb6fOYg&s=19 | archive-date=2025-03-25}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gczos1bi8heex17mvzu71xzc20eoedm 1542657 1542452 2026-05-14T11:15:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Margaret Cushing Whitman''' (Alizaliwa [[Agosti 4]], [[1956]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mwanadiplomasia]], na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihudumu kama balozi wa Marekani nchini [[Kenya]] kuanzia Julai [[2022]] hadi Novemba [[2024]] chini ya Urais wa [[Joe Biden]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Moturi |first1=Ndubi |title=US Ambassador Meg Whitman resigns |url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/us-ambassador-meg-whitman-resigns/ |access-date=13 November 2024 |agency=Nation Media |publisher=Nation Media Group}}</ref> Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[eBay]] ([[1998]]-[[2008]]) na baadaye [[Hewlett-Packard]] ([[2011]]-[[2015]]). Mwaka [[2021]], [[Forbes]] ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 5.8.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title=@AmbMonicaJuma has been critical to the success of the 🇺🇸🇰🇪 relationship in my time here... | url=https://x.com/USAmbKenya/status/1856964957121720664?t=Kr2oJpmq6WWIwUCMb6fOYg&s=19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325085858/https://x.com/USAmbKenya/status/1856964957121720664?t=Kr2oJpmq6WWIwUCMb6fOYg&s=19 | archive-date=2025-03-25}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kbcci4l31bldlczyjji9j3rjek4j9xl 0 234719 1542455 2026-05-14T04:41:22Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mara-Daniela Calista''' (alizaliwa 9 Oktoba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Tangu mwaka 2016, amehudumu kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/culisele-unui-scandal-in-pnl-pe-tema-unui-numar-mai-mare-de-femei-in-parlament-barbatii-se-tem-ca-le-vom-fura-locurile-pe-liste-ironii-cu-amante-s...' 1542455 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mara-Daniela Calista''' (alizaliwa 9 Oktoba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali]] (PNL). Tangu mwaka 2016, amehudumu kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/culisele-unui-scandal-in-pnl-pe-tema-unui-numar-mai-mare-de-femei-in-parlament-barbatii-se-tem-ca-le-vom-fura-locurile-pe-liste-ironii-cu-amante-si-persoane-transgender-4699502|title=Culisele unui scandal în PNL pe tema unui număr mai mare de femei în Parlament|work=[[Libertatea]]|date=25 October 2023|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=48&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Calista, Mara-Daniela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8kvwr98d1io5rdxmnedyv1a1zcz1q0t 0 234720 1542456 2026-05-14T04:44:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oana-Alexandra Cambera''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1980) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha [[Renewing Romania's European Project]] (REPER). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref name="WS">{{cite web|url=https://www.wall-street.ro/special/alegeri2024/308287/oana-cambera-eurodeputat-reper-prezinta-oferta-electorala-a-partidului-din-care-face-parte-cum-se-pregateste-partidul-lui...' 1542456 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oana-Alexandra Cambera''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1980) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha [[Renewing Romania's European Project]] (REPER). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref name="WS">{{cite web|url=https://www.wall-street.ro/special/alegeri2024/308287/oana-cambera-eurodeputat-reper-prezinta-oferta-electorala-a-partidului-din-care-face-parte-cum-se-pregateste-partidul-lui-ciolos-pentru-9-iunie.html|title=Oana Cambera, deputat REPER, prezintă oferta electorală a partidului din care face parte|work=Wall-Street.ro|date=2 Juni 2024|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=48&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Cambera, Oana-Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mzr144uzsr07qilyrw9cxcu05mpm5mv 0 234721 1542458 2026-05-14T04:47:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cătălina Ciofu''' (alizaliwa 13 Septemba 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gandul.ro/politica/alegeri-parlamentare-2020-psd-a-castigat-cu-37-din-voturi-in-judetul-bacau-cine-sunt-reprezentantii-in-parlament-19550628|title=Alegeri parlamentare 2020. PSD...' 1542458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cătălina Ciofu''' (alizaliwa 13 Septemba 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gandul.ro/politica/alegeri-parlamentare-2020-psd-a-castigat-cu-37-din-voturi-in-judetul-bacau-cine-sunt-reprezentantii-in-parlament-19550628|title=Alegeri parlamentare 2020. PSD a câștigat cu 37% din voturi în județul Bacău|work=[[Gândul]]|date=7 Desemba 2020|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=63&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987||Ciofu, Catalina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ndlgpy67hl5gykjao2b5yynqpii93uq 0 234722 1542459 2026-05-14T04:50:43Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Silvia Ciornei''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1970 mjini [[Ploiești]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP). Ni mwanachama wa [[Conservative Party (Romania)|Chama cha Conservative]] (PC) na alikuwa sehemu ya kundi la [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe]] bungeni Brussels. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33974/SILVIA_CIORNEI/history/6 Was...' 1542459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvia Ciornei''' (alizaliwa 27 Agosti 1970 mjini [[Ploiești]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP). Ni mwanachama wa [[Conservative Party (Romania)|Chama cha Conservative]] (PC) na alikuwa sehemu ya kundi la [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe]] bungeni Brussels. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33974/SILVIA_CIORNEI/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasifu katika tovuti ya Bunge la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970||Ciornei, Silvia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q4ujt06irkpfwl3bveppw6e4xij9b05 0 234723 1542462 2026-05-14T04:56:19Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ariadna-Elena Cîrligeanu''' (alizaliwa 8 Mei 2001) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2024 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. Ni mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Ariadna anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa **mbunge kijana zaidi** katika Bunge la Romania kwa sasa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=48&leg=2024...' 1542462 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ariadna-Elena Cîrligeanu''' (alizaliwa 8 Mei 2001) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2024 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. Ni mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Ariadna anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa **mbunge kijana zaidi** katika Bunge la Romania kwa sasa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=48&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2001||Cirligeanu, Ariadna-Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] cx23l1bvtzrz06mkpuy6ua2ixd6faar 0 234724 1542463 2026-05-14T04:56:56Z Lebu Ayiga 82030 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1344627110|Water scarcity in Kenya]]" 1542463 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:LakeBogoria.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Flamingo kwenye [[Ziwa Bogoria]]]] '''Uhaba wa maji nchini Kenya''' unaathiri vibaya idadi ya watu wanaotegemea rasilimali za maji, si tu kwa matumizi ya nyumbani bali pia kwa ajili ya kilimo na uvuvi. Kwa mfano, uoto wa asili wa maeneo oevu hutumika kama malisho muhimu ya mifugo. Kote nchini, jamii zimekumbwa na uhaba wa maji safi ya kunywa, hali inayochochewa kwa kiasi kikubwa na matumizi yaliyokithiri ya ardhi pamoja na upanuzi wa makazi. Mfano dhahiri wa athari hizi unapatikana katika [[Msitu wa Mau]] ulioko nyanda za juu, ambao ni miongoni mwa vyanzo vikuu vya maji nchini (watersheds). Ndani ya mfumo wa ikolojia wa Mau, shughuli za kibinadamu zimepelekea kuanzishwa kwa makazi na mashamba kwa ajili ya manufaa ya kibinafsi, jambo linalohatarisha bayoanuwai asilia na usalama wa maji. Uharibifu wa misitu umesababisha mmomonyoko mkubwa wa udongo unaochafua vyanzo vya maji, jambo ambalo limekuwa changamoto ya kitaifa nchini kote. Kuongezeka kwa utiririshaji wa maji taka ya binadamu na kinyesi cha wanyama kwenye vyanzo ambavyo tayari vimeathiriwa kumezuia upatikanaji wa maji safi kwa raia wengi wa [[Kenya]]. Hali hii duni ya rasilimali za maji imechochea matatizo kadhaa, ikiwemo kuenea kwa maradhi na kuibuka kwa migogoro miongoni mwa jamii zinazogombea rasilimali chache za maji zilizosalia. Vilevile, uhaba wa maji safi unawalazimu wanawake kutembea umbali mrefu kila siku kutafuta rasilimali hiyo kwa ajili ya mahitaji ya familia. Changamoto nyingine kubwa inayozorotesha hali ya upatikanaji wa maji safi nchini Kenya ni kasi kubwa ya ukuaji wa miji kama [[Nairobi]], hali inayopelekea kupanuka kwa maeneo ya makazi duni yenye mazingira duni ya kuishi na vyanzo vya maji vilivyochafuliwa kupindukia. Uhusiano kati ya binadamu na rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya kwa sasa umefika hatua ya hatari, kwani taifa linakabiliwa na upungufu mkubwa wa uwezo wa kuwapatia raia huduma za maji wanazohitaji kwa dharura. Maboresho ya kimkakati katika usimamizi wa ardhi na sera za mazingira ni hatua muhimu zitakazohakikisha nchi inakuwa na rasilimali za maji za kutosha wakati ikielekea kufikia hadhi ya nchi iliyoendelea. == Ukuaji wa idadi ya watu == Uchambuzi wa kina wa hali ya mazingira nchini Kenya unahitaji upana wa mtazamo unaojumuisha mambo ya kijamii, kiuchumi, na kisiasa, ambayo ni vigezo muhimu katika taifa hili linaloendelea. Kutokana na kasi kubwa ya ongezeko la watu, kuna changamoto kubwa katika kusawazisha uhifadhi wa mazingira na mahitaji ya idadi hiyo ya watu inayokua. Idadi ya watu inaendelea kupanda huku kasi ya uchumi na rasilimali zilizopo zikisuasua kwenda sambamba na ukuaji huo. Aidha, raia wa Kenya wanakabiliwa na viwango vya juu vya umaskini, ambavyo vilifikia asilimia 43 mnamo mwaka wa 2000. Kwa jamii inayotegemea kilimo kama msingi wa maisha, ni changamoto kubwa kupunguza shughuli za kilimo kwa lengo la kuhifadhi mazingira bila kuathiri rasilimali muhimu inayotegemewa na idadi hii kubwa ya watu kwa ajili ya kujikimu. Ongezeko la haraka la idadi ya watu linasababisha shinikizo kubwa kwa rasilimali za maji kutokana na mahitaji ya kilimo, matumizi ya ardhi, nishati, na mambo mengine ya kijamii. Aidha, usambazaji wa kijiografia wa rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya ni kigezo muhimu; maji hayajagawanyika kwa usawa nchini kote, hali inayopelekea kuwepo kwa maeneo mapana yenye ukame. Inakadiriwa kuwa takriban asilimia 80 ya rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya haina ulinzi kamili wa kisheria au wa kimazingira, jambo linalozifanya kuwa katika hatari ya kuathiriwa na ongezeko la watu pamoja na mbinu duni za kilimo. == Wanyamapori == Mifumo ya ikolojia ya maji nchini Kenya inatambulika kimataifa kwa umuhimu wake katika kuhifadhi utofauti wa viumbe (species diversity) na njia za uhamiaji wa ndege. Masuala yanayohusu rasilimali za maji yana athari za moja kwa moja kwa wanyamapori, kwani upatikanaji wa maji ya kunywa ni kigezo muhimu kwa maisha yao. Aidha, wanyamapori huathiriwa kwa njia isiyo ya moja kwa moja na matumizi ya maji ya binadamu katika sekta za mifugo na kilimo, ambazo hushindana na wanyamapori katika ugavi wa rasilimali chache za maji zilizopo. [[Kenya]] inasifika kwa utajiri na utofauti mkubwa wa spishi, ikiorodheshwa miongoni mwa mataifa 50 bora duniani kwa utajiri wa viumbe hai. Hata hivyo, nchi hii pia inajumuisha moja ya asilimia kubwa zaidi ya spishi za mamalia walio katika hatari ya kutoweka duniani. == Athari za ukataji miti kwenye rasilimali za maji == Misitu ina jukumu la msingi katika kuhifadhi maeneo ya vyanzo vya maji. Ukataji wa miti katika maeneo mapana ya misitu huathiri vibaya huduma za mifumo ya ikolojia, ikiwemo usambazaji wa maji. Ingawa Kenya inamiliki mojawapo ya misitu yenye utofauti mkubwa zaidi wa viumbe katika kanda ya Afrika Mashariki, <ref name="rmportal" /> rasilimali hizi zipo hatarini kutokana na kutegemewa kupita kiasi kama chanzo cha nishati au kugeuzwa kuwa ardhi ya kilimo. Matumizi ya kuni na mkaa kama nishati ni miongoni mwa sababu kuu zinazotishia ustawi wa misitu hiyo; kati ya tani milioni 22 za bidhaa za mbao zinazotumiwa nchini Kenya, tani milioni 20 hutumika kama nishati pekee. <ref name="rmportal" /> Uharibifu wa misitu katika maeneo mapana utaendelea kushuhudiwa iwapo kasi ya sasa ya ukataji miti na ukuaji wa idadi ya watu havitadhibitiwa. Changamoto ya ziada inayotokana na ugeuzaji wa misitu kuwa ardhi ya kilimo ni kwamba, mara nyingi mazingira ya misitu hustawi kwenye udongo wenye rutuba duni usiofaa kwa shughuli endelevu za kilimo. Kutokana na hali hiyo, wakulima hulazimika kuendeleza ukataji wa miti na kutafuta maeneo mapya mara tu virutubisho vya udongo vinapopungua na kushindwa kuhimili uzalishaji wa mazao. Kuna harakati kubwa za kijamii zinazozingatia uhifadhi na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya. Jamii zinazoathiriwa na changamoto hizi zimebuni suluhu mbalimbali, huku zikisaidiwa na mashirika mengi ya kimaendeleo. Hata hivyo, jitihada hizi bado hazijatanzua tatizo hili kikamilifu kutokana na kuwepo kwa mambo mbalimbali yanayokwamisha upatikanaji wa suluhu za kudumu. Mashirika kama Quest4Change, water.org, na WaterRelief ni mifano ya taasisi zinazofanya kazi kusaidia jamii kukabiliana na kutatua changamoto za maji. Kupitia miradi yao, wamefanikiwa kutoa huduma ya maji safi kwa walaji wengi wenye uhitaji, ambapo ujenzi wa visima umekuwa moja ya mikakati mikuu inayotekelezwa. Ingawa ujenzi wa kisima huchukua siku chache, mchakato wa upangaji na maandalizi huchukua miezi kadhaa. Utafiti unaonyesha kuwa jamii zinazochukua hatua ya kuomba msaada wa ujenzi wa visima zina uwezo mkubwa zaidi wa kudumisha miundombinu hiyo ikilinganishwa na jamii zinazopewa visima bila kuhusishwa kikamilifu katika mchakato wa maamuzi. Kamati ya maji huchaguliwa kwa ajili ya kusimamia mchakato mzima wa ujenzi wa kisima. Awamu ya awali inahusisha usafirishaji wa vifaa mbalimbali kama vile mawe kuelekea eneo la mradi. Ufanyaji wa tafiti za kijiolojia ni hatua muhimu inayobainisha eneo linalofaa kwa ajili ya uchimbaji. Baada ya eneo kuthibitishwa, shimo huchimbwa na pindi chemchemi ya maji inapofikiwa, pampu huwekwa na kufuatiwa na ujenzi wa sakafu pamoja na kifuniko cha saruji kwa ajili ya usalama na usafi. Hatua hizi zinawawezesha wananchi nchini Kenya kupata vyanzo vya maji vilivyo salama na vinavyopatikana kwa urahisi. Aidha, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=lotus.co.ke|url=http://lotus.co.ke/clean-safe-drinking-water-in-kenya/|title=clean safe drinking water in kenya|publisher=lotus.co.ke|date=11 November 2018}}</ref> mashirika haya yanatekeleza ujenzi wa mabwawa madogo (small earth dams) kwa ajili ya jamii husika. Miundombinu hiyo inazisaidia jamii kuwa na vyanzo mbadala vya maji wakati wa vipindi vya ukame, hali inayohakikisha ufikiaji na matumizi ya maji safi kwa uhakika zaidi. Elimu ni nguzo nyingine muhimu inayotekelezwa na mashirika haya katika jamii. Kupitia programu za uhamasishaji, wananchi huelimishwa kuhusu umuhimu wa kutumia maji safi na kuzingatia taratibu bora za usafi wa mazingira ili kudhibiti kuenea kwa maradhi na kuboresha afya ya jamii kwa ujumla. == Msitu wa Mau == Mfumo wa ikolojia wa [[Msitu wa Mau]] umepoteza robo ya uoto wake wa asili tangu miaka ya 1980. amii ya waasili wa Ogiek wamekuwa wakazi wa tangu jadi wa msitu huo, wakidumisha mfumo wa maisha wa uwindaji na ukusanyaji ambao unatajwa kuwa endelevu sana kwa mazingira. Hata hivyo, kumeshuhudiwa ongezeko kubwa la idadi ya watu ndani ya msitu huo, hali inayochochewa zaidi na wimbi la uhamiaji. Wakazi hawa wapya wamefyeka maeneo mapana ya misitu kwa ajili ya makazi na shughuli nyingine, jambo linalopelekea mifumo ya maisha isiyoendelevu inayotishia uhifadhi wa msitu huo. Hivi sasa, ardhi hiyo inatumiwa kwa ajili ya makazi na shughuli za kiviwanda, hali inayopelekea upanuzi wa miji ambao umechochea uvamizi wa vyanzo na matumizi yaliyokithiri ya maji ya mito. Kukauka kwa mito hiyo ni jambo linalotia wasiwasi mkubwa, kwani jamii nyingi zinazopatikana upande wa chini wa mkondo hutegemea maji hayo kwa mahitaji yao ya kila siku. Kwa kuwa vyanzo vya mito hii vimo hatarini, uwezo wake wa kusambaza maji kwa idadi kubwa ya watu wanaoitegemea umepungua kwa kiasi kikubwa. Aidha, hali hii inatishia mifumo mingine ya asili ya msitu, ikizingatiwa kuwa mito hiyo ina jukumu muhimu katika udhibiti wa mtiririko, kuzuia mafuriko, hifadhi ya maji, na upunguzaji wa mmomonyoko wa udongo. Vilevile, mito hiyo ni nguzo kuu katika uhifadhi wa bayoanuwai, ufyonzaji na uhifadhi wa kaboni (carbon sequestration), pamoja na udhibiti wa hali ya hewa ya eneo husika. Kumeshuhudiwa harakati mbalimbali za kijamii zinazolenga kuhifadhi na kurejesha mfumo wa ikolojia wa msitu huu. Hata hivyo, baadhi ya mikakati ya urejesho wa misitu inaweza kusababisha kuondolewa kwa takriban watu 2,000 wanaomiliki hati miliki za ardhi ndani ya maeneo ya misitu. Sambamba na hayo, zipo juhudi zinazokusudia kuwawezesha wakazi wa msituni kuishi kwa mbinu zinazozingatia uhifadhi wa mazingira. Kwa mfano, Harakati ya Green Belt hutoa motisha ya kifedha kwa wananchi ili kupanda miti. Licha ya motisha hizo, mustakabali wa juhudi hizi bado unakabiliwa na changamoto, kwani jamii husika mara nyingi hupewa kipaumbele ustawi wao wa sasa kuliko mahitaji ya maji ya watu wanaoishi umbali mrefu upande wa chini wa mkondo. == Serikali katika mgogoro wa maji nchini Kenya == Serikali ya Kenya inakabiliwa na uhaba wa rasilimali fedha kwa ajili ya ukarabati na udumishaji wa miundombinu imara ya usambazaji wa maji. Zaidi ya asilimia 50 ya idadi ya watu nchini Kenya haina ufikiaji wa uhakika wa maji ya bomba; na kwa wale wanaofaidika na huduma hiyo, maji hayo mara nyingi huwa hayafai kwa matumizi ya binadamu kutokana na uchafuzi unaosababishwa na mifumo duni, hitilafu za kiufundi, pamoja na vitendo vya uhujumu wa miundombinu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Eric Maino|url=http://www.newsfromafrica.org/newsfromafrica/articles/art_834.html|title=Irony of Kenya's water crisis|publisher=Newsfromafrica.org|date=11 November 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928200209/http://www.newsfromafrica.org/newsfromafrica/articles/art_834.html|archivedate=28 September 2011}}</ref> Ingawa sheria na mageuzi mbalimbali yametekelezwa ili kuboresha hali ya rasilimali nchini, Kenya bado inakabiliwa na mzozo wa maji ambao ni miongoni mwa migogoro mikubwa zaidi duniani. Mnamo mwaka wa 1974, serikali ilizindua Mpango Mkuu wa Kitaifa wa Maji (National Water Master Plan), kwa lengo la kuhakikisha upatikanaji wa maji safi ya kunywa katika umbali wa kutembea kutoka kwa kila kaya ifikapo mwaka 2000 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=World Water Assessment Programme|date=2006|title=Kenya national water development report: case study|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000148866|work=UNESDOC Digital Library}}</ref> Hata hivyo, lengo hili halikufikiwa kutokana na uhaba wa fedha uliosababishwa na mgongano wa kimaslahi kati ya maeneo ya mijini yaliyopitia mchakato wa ubinafsishaji wa huduma za maji, na maeneo ya vijijini ambayo yamekosa uwekezaji kutokana na ushauri wa kutoruhusu maendeleo ya kisekta katika maeneo hayo. <ref name="Welcome to our electronic office">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Welcome to our electronic office|url=http://www.nwcpc.go.ke/|title=WELCOME TO NWCPC &#124; National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation|publisher=Nwcpc.go.ke|date=24 June 1988|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423081417/http://www.nwcpc.go.ke/|archivedate=23 April 2011}}</ref> Baadhi ya mashirika yamepata mafanikio ya kuridhisha kutokana na juhudi zao za kuchangia katika kuimarisha usambazaji wa maji safi na salama. Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC) limetoa mchango mkubwa tangu kuanzishwa kwake mnamo Juni 1988. Shirika hili linatekeleza miradi ya ujenzi wa mabwawa na kuta za kuzuia maji (dykes), kudhibiti mafuriko, pamoja na kusaidia mifumo ya uondoaji wa maji ardhini. Aidha, wanajihusisha na uhifadhi pamoja na uendelevu wa rasilimali za maji mwaka mzima, ikijumuisha uvunaji na matumizi ya mara mbili ya maji ya ardhini na maji ya mafuriko. <ref name="Welcome to our electronic office">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Welcome to our electronic office|url=http://www.nwcpc.go.ke/|title=WELCOME TO NWCPC &#124; National Water Conservation and Pipeline Corporation|publisher=Nwcpc.go.ke|date=24 June 1988|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423081417/http://www.nwcpc.go.ke/|archivedate=23 April 2011}}</ref> Mashirika ya kimataifa yanayofanya kazi nje ya mipaka ya Kenya yamekuwa yakitoa mchango mkubwa pia. Tangu mwaka wa 1997, Baraza la Wakimbizi la Denmark limekuwa likitoa huduma za misaada ya kibinadamu pamoja na kuchangia katika uboreshaji wa miundombinu ya maji safi na usafi wa mazingira kote nchini Kenya na katika kanda nzima ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.drc.dk/relief-work/where-we-work/horn-of-africa-and-yemen/kenya/|title=Kenya|publisher=drc.dk}}</ref> Mamilioni ya wananchi nchini [[Kenya]] wamefikiwa na miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji iliyojengwa na mashirika ya kujitolea pamoja na vikundi vya kijamii, mara nyingi kupitia ufadhili wa wahisani na usaidizi wa kiufundi kutoka Idara ya Maendeleo ya Maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Mumma|first=Albert|date=2005|title=Kenya's new water law: an analysis of the implications for the rural poor|url=http://www.nri.org/projects/waterlaw/AWLworkshop/MUMMA-A.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720101236/http://www.nri.org/projects/waterlaw/AWLworkshop/MUMMA-A.pdf|archivedate=20 July 2011|accessdate=28 April 2011}}</ref> Licha ya jitihada hizo, nchi bado inakabiliwa na changamoto kubwa zinazoathiri pia mataifa jirani yanayoshiriki vyanzo vya maji na Kenya. Zaidi ya nchi kumi na mbili zinashiriki mabonde ya maji (water basins) na Kenya, na mpaka sasa, hakuna mfumo thabiti wa kimataifa uliowekwa kwa ajili ya kuratibu usimamizi wa rasilimali hizo za maji zinazovuka mipaka. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://water.org/projects/kenya/|title=Kenya|publisher=Water.org|accessdate=28 April 2011|archivedate=17 October 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017141957/http://water.org/projects/kenya/}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * Mgogoro wa maji kati ya Ethiopia na Kenya * Ugavi wa maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya * [[Maporomoko ya Thomson]] * [[Uhaba wa maji]] * Ukame wa Kenya wa 2008–2009 == Marejeleo == <references /> 8eoay3v01d2qrf8rn49sxeirv6b24it 0 234725 1542464 2026-05-14T04:58:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gabriela Creţu''' (alizaliwa 16 Januari 1965) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Yeye ni mmoja wa wanasiasa wasomi na wanaharakati wa haki za kijamii nchini humo, akihudumu katika ngazi ya kitaifa na barani Ulaya. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33979/GABRIELA_CRETU/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https...' 1542464 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabriela Creţu''' (alizaliwa 16 Januari 1965) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Yeye ni mmoja wa wanasiasa wasomi na wanaharakati wa haki za kijamii nchini humo, akihudumu katika ngazi ya kitaifa na barani Ulaya. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33979/GABRIELA_CRETU/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=60686948-4389-4e4b-9721-72f10665551c Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Cretu, Gabriela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6uneh11reho9dzyz2p5jvnvpqi0mvk3 0 234726 1542465 2026-05-14T05:01:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anca Dana Paliu Dragu''' (alizaliwa 3 Mei 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa uchumi kutoka [[Romania]]. Ameweka historia kama mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu za kifedha na kisiasa katika kanda hiyo, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa Rais wa Seneti ya Romania na Gavana wa Benki Kuu ya Moldova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=3351 Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] * [https://www.bnm.md/e...' 1542465 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anca Dana Paliu Dragu''' (alizaliwa 3 Mei 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa uchumi kutoka [[Romania]]. Ameweka historia kama mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu za kifedha na kisiasa katika kanda hiyo, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa Rais wa Seneti ya Romania na Gavana wa Benki Kuu ya Moldova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=3351 Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] * [https://www.bnm.md/en/content/governor-national-bank-moldova Tovuti ya Benki Kuu ya Moldova] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Dragu, Anca Dana Paliu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 48qi9t2ehdgnzykez9w807zulptptus 0 234727 1542466 2026-05-14T05:04:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liana Dumitrescu''' (20 Januari 1973 – 27 Januari 2011; kwa [[Kimasedonia]]: Лиана Думитреску) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na kiongozi wa Chama cha Wamasedonia wa Romania (Association of Macedonians of Romania). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi kifo chake mwaka 2011.<ref name="hotnews">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-8244890-murit-deputatul-liana-d...' 1542466 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liana Dumitrescu''' (20 Januari 1973 – 27 Januari 2011; kwa [[Kimasedonia]]: Лиана Думитреску) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na kiongozi wa Chama cha Wamasedonia wa Romania (Association of Macedonians of Romania). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi kifo chake mwaka 2011.<ref name="hotnews">{{Cite news|url=http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-8244890-murit-deputatul-liana-dumitrescu.htm|title=A murit deputatul Liana Dumitrescu|work=[[HotNews]]|date=January 27, 2011|access-date=Mei 14, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura.mp?idm=99&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu wa Liana Dumitrescu katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973|2011|Dumitrescu, Liana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] klewibb140vc8pi3ro7g7s8c2i9skzd 1542644 1542466 2026-05-14T10:58:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542644 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liana Dumitrescu''' (20 Januari 1973 – 27 Januari 2011; kwa [[Kimasedonia]]: Лиана Думитреску) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na kiongozi wa Chama cha Wamasedonia wa Romania (Association of Macedonians of Romania). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika[Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi kifo chake mwaka 2011.<ref name="hotnews">{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-8244890-murit-deputatul-liana-dumitrescu.htm|title=A murit deputatul Liana Dumitrescu|work=[[HotNews]]|date=January 27, 2011|access-date=Mei 14, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura.mp?idm=99&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu wa Liana Dumitrescu katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973|2011|Dumitrescu, Liana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] 7yoeivc8m9plrlpxmg5mzk63fyb4mru 0 234728 1542467 2026-05-14T05:08:19Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marilena Dumitrescu''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1964) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwakilisha jamii ya wachache ya [[Waitaliano wa Romania|Waitaliano]] kutoka mkoa wa Galați County|Galați, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kwa kipindi cha bunge la mwaka 1996 hadi 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marilena Dumitrescu: Sinteza activitatii parlamentare în legislatura 1996-2000|website=Camera dei deputati|...' 1542467 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marilena Dumitrescu''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1964) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwakilisha jamii ya wachache ya [[Waitaliano wa Romania|Waitaliano]] kutoka mkoa wa Galați County|Galați, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kwa kipindi cha bunge la mwaka 1996 hadi 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marilena Dumitrescu: Sinteza activitatii parlamentare în legislatura 1996-2000|website=Camera dei deputati|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=336&cam=2&leg=1996|language=ro|access-date=Mei 14, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=336&cam=2&leg=1996 Wasifu wa Marilena Dumitrescu bungeni] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Dumitrescu, Marilena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bdv9m6gdyi4fcpa7wjzg04btweveuds 0 234729 1542469 2026-05-14T05:11:22Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Raisa Enachi''' (alizaliwa 10 Machi 1982) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref name="Vaslui">{{cite web|url=https://vasluiazi.ro/2024/09/02/raisa-enachi-cere-responsabilitate-din-partea-parlamentarilor-in-ultima-sesiune-parlamentara-din-acest-mandat/|title=Raisa Enachi cere responsabilitate din partea parlamen...' 1542469 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raisa Enachi''' (alizaliwa 10 Machi 1982) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu.<ref name="Vaslui">{{cite web|url=https://vasluiazi.ro/2024/09/02/raisa-enachi-cere-responsabilitate-din-partea-parlamentarilor-in-ultima-sesiune-parlamentara-din-acest-mandat/|title=Raisa Enachi cere responsabilitate din partea parlamentarilor|work=Vaslui azi|date=2 Septemba 2024|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=94&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Enachi, Raisa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] aq1sq9c29y7sl708odz6g4k47v2736r 0 234730 1542472 2026-05-14T05:15:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gabriela Firea''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Gabriela Vrânceanu'''; alizaliwa 13 Julai 1972) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alihudumu kama Meya wa [[Bucharest]], mji mkuu wa Romania, kati ya mwaka 2016 na 2020. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia kuchaguliwa kushika nafasi hiyo. Tangu mwaka 2024, yeye ni Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] akiluwakilisha kundi la Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats|S&D. == Marejeo...' 1542472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabriela Firea''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Gabriela Vrânceanu'''; alizaliwa 13 Julai 1972) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alihudumu kama Meya wa [[Bucharest]], mji mkuu wa Romania, kati ya mwaka 2016 na 2020. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia kuchaguliwa kushika nafasi hiyo. Tangu mwaka 2024, yeye ni Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] akiluwakilisha kundi la [[Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats|S&D. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256950/GABRIELA_FIREA/history/10 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://www.gabrielafirea.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Gabriela Firea] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Firea, Gabriela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dz14lp97lxn386wni8pcev993zv7w78 0 234731 1542473 2026-05-14T05:18:46Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Astrid Cora Fodor''' (alizaliwa 6 Novemba 1953) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka jamii ya wachache ya Wajerumani (Saxons). Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa alifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Sibiu]] (kwa [[Kijerumani]]: ''Hermannstadt''). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.primariasibiu.ro/ Wasifu katika tovuti rasmi ya Jiji la Sibiu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953||Fodor, Astrid Cora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] Jamii:Watu...' 1542473 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Astrid Cora Fodor''' (alizaliwa 6 Novemba 1953) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka jamii ya wachache ya Wajerumani (Saxons). Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa alifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Sibiu]] (kwa [[Kijerumani]]: ''Hermannstadt''). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.primariasibiu.ro/ Wasifu katika tovuti rasmi ya Jiji la Sibiu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953||Fodor, Astrid Cora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nfyqcbrko3lk7la6aoub0x5uf6ctjj9 0 234732 1542475 2026-05-14T05:22:21Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anamaria Gavrilă''' (alizaliwa 15 Oktoba 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanzilishi wa chama cha [[Party of Young People]] (POT). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa Hunedoara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020&cam=2|title=Anamaria Gavrilă|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viu...' 1542475 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anamaria Gavrilă''' (alizaliwa 15 Oktoba 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanzilishi wa chama cha [[Party of Young People]] (POT). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa Hunedoara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020&cam=2|title=Anamaria Gavrilă|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Gavrila, Anamaria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pekn9wkvo1aztltp0y52o5mipobb190 0 234733 1542476 2026-05-14T05:26:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alina-Ștefania Gorghiu''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1978) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] ambaye aliweka historia kama mwanamke wa kwanza alifanya kazi kama Rais wa National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL) kati ya mwaka 2014 na 2016. Tangu mwezi Juni 2023, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Sheria** wa Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alinagorghiu.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Alina Gorghiu...' 1542476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alina-Ștefania Gorghiu''' (alizaliwa 16 Septemba 1978) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]] ambaye aliweka historia kama mwanamke wa kwanza alifanya kazi kama Rais wa National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL) kati ya mwaka 2014 na 2016. Tangu mwezi Juni 2023, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Sheria** wa Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alinagorghiu.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Alina Gorghiu] * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=3352 Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Gorghiu, Alina-Stefania}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mgyzuvy0mb77pwmjhxuv3lq1tq11ne1 0 234734 1542477 2026-05-14T05:28:37Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542477 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antoine Dayori''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] na kiongozi wa chama cha kisiasa kinachoitwa **Force Espoir (Hope Force)**. Dayori alikuwa mmoja wa wagombea watano wa chama cha Force Clé waliochaguliwa kuwa wabunge katika uchaguzi wa bunge wa Machi 2003.[1] Baadaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni, Ufundi na Utalii kuanzia Februari 2005 hadi Aprili 2006.[2] Aligombea urais katika uchaguzi wa Machi 2006, ambapo alishika nafasi ya nane na kupata asilimia 1.25 ya kura zote zilizopigwa.[3] Katika uchaguzi wa bunge wa Machi 2007, alikuwa mmoja wa wagombea wawili wa Force Espoir waliochaguliwa kuwa wabunge.[4]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBCAfrique.com {{!}} Bénin/Présidentielle : Présentation des candidats|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/french/specials/136_benin_candidates/page7.shtml|work=www.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] k5e5ovpkp42957ka83dhrkpm75sfad5 0 234735 1542478 2026-05-14T05:30:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Grapini''' (alizaliwa 7 Novemba 1954) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa akihudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) kupitia kundi la Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/ro/124785/MARIA_GRAPINI/history/8|title=Istoricul legislaturilor|work=European Parliament|access-date=20 Julai 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo...' 1542478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Grapini''' (alizaliwa 7 Novemba 1954) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa akihudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) kupitia kundi la Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/ro/124785/MARIA_GRAPINI/history/8|title=Istoricul legislaturilor|work=European Parliament|access-date=20 Julai 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124785/MARIA_GRAPINI/history/9 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://mariagrapini.ro/ Tovuti Binafsi ya Maria Grapini] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954||Grapini, Maria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lahixc7mn0lgdgafhustjio653wv2ru 0 234736 1542479 2026-05-14T05:33:40Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542479 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chabi Mama''' (15 Julai 1921 – 10 Mei 1996[1] au 2001)[2] alikuwa mmoja wa [[wanasiasa]] wa mwanzo wa [[Benin]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_VTjAAAAMAAJ&q=chabi+mama|title=Africa Research Bulletin: Africa, political, social and cultural series|date=1964|publisher=Africa Research, Limited|language=en}}</ref> Alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Dahomey iliyokuwa imepata uhuru hivi karibuni mwaka 1959, na alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo hadi mwaka 1960.[3] Baadaye alirejea tena kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia mwaka 1963 hadi 1964.[4] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2001]] ivywccxlwrxfoxk0513f1e5isfx12ns 0 234737 1542480 2026-05-14T05:35:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Csilla Hegedüs''' (alizaliwa 9 Septemba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** na **Naibu Waziri Mkuu** wa Romania katika serikali ya [[Victor Ponta]] kuanzia Novemba hadi Desemba 2014. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cultura.ro/ Wizara ya Utamaduni ya Romania] * [https://www.transylvaniatrust.ro/ Taasisi ya Tran...' 1542480 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Csilla Hegedüs''' (alizaliwa 9 Septemba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utamaduni** na **Naibu Waziri Mkuu** wa Romania katika serikali ya [[Victor Ponta]] kuanzia Novemba hadi Desemba 2014. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cultura.ro/ Wizara ya Utamaduni ya Romania] * [https://www.transylvaniatrust.ro/ Taasisi ya Transylvania Trust] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Hegedus, Csilla}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] 53vzuv72jz8za1qfg85bxukaeazity7 0 234738 1542481 2026-05-14T05:40:39Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexandra Huțu''' (alizaliwa 9 Septemba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2021, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Botoșani County|Botoșani]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=341&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza...' 1542481 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandra Huțu''' (alizaliwa 9 Septemba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2021, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Botoșani County|Botoșani]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=341&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Hutu, Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] 9b3b5k9yoanjb8eazf7dcavlzykzbhj 0 234739 1542482 2026-05-14T05:41:08Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542482 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arouna Mama''' (1925–1974) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]], aliyekuwa maarufu zaidi wakati nchi hiyo ilipojulikana kama Dahomey. Mama alizaliwa mwaka 1925 katika Parakou katika familia yenye ushawishi mkubwa. Alichaguliwa katika Assemblée Territoriale mwaka 1957 na akawa rais wake miaka miwili baadaye.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Etudiant - Nassarath AROUNA MAMA|url=https://www.esseyi.com/etudiant/1719676923612x192420348322671600|work=Esseyi - L'Afrique de demain se prépare aujourd'hui|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 1959, alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Jumuiya ya Kifaransa (Communauté Française). Mnamo Mei 1969, Mama aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Rais Hubert Maga, ambaye alikuwa akiungwa mkono naye kama mwanachama wa chama cha Dahomey Democratic Rally. Alikuwa sehemu ya kundi la wahafidhina wakati wa muhula wa kwanza wa Hubert Maga kama rais, kundi ambalo pia lilimjumuisha mpinzani wake wa kisiasa, Chabi Mama. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1974]] 6jmks4xhozy8moucg7do1fr49nhffmi 0 234740 1542483 2026-05-14T05:41:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dean Victor White''' ([[Mei 25]], [[1923]] – [[Septemba 14]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/indystar/obituary.aspx?n=dean-victor-white&pid=181408033&fhid=10346 |title=Dean White Obituary - Crown Point, IN &#124; The Indianapolis Star |website=Legacy.com |date=2013-11-04 |accessdate=2016-09-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Wafanyabiashar...' 1542483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dean Victor White''' ([[Mei 25]], [[1923]] – [[Septemba 14]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/indystar/obituary.aspx?n=dean-victor-white&pid=181408033&fhid=10346 |title=Dean White Obituary - Crown Point, IN &#124; The Indianapolis Star |website=Legacy.com |date=2013-11-04 |accessdate=2016-09-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1923]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] m1k2quvjjek9firfs9b5x89e3gn33v8 0 234741 1542485 2026-05-14T05:45:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabriel Lozès''' (18 Agosti 1917 – 25 Juni 1986)[1][2] alikuwa daktari, [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Benin]]. Lozès alihudumu kama Waziri wa Afya mwaka 1963 na 1964, na baadaye akamrithi Chabi Mama kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia tarehe 25 Januari 1964 hadi 1 Desemba 1965. Katika kipindi hicho, pia alikuwa Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha pekee cha Parti Démocratique Dahoméen (PDD) na mtu wa karibu wa Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin. Baada ya kuvunjwa kwa PDD, alianzisha chama cha Alliance Démocratique Dahoméenne (ADD) na kuwa Katibu Mkuu wake wa kwanza. Mnamo tarehe 28 Januari 1966, alikamatwa kwa muda kwa ajili ya kuhojiwa kwa tuhuma za kusambaza vipeperushi vilivyokuwa vikichochea uasi dhidi ya serikali mpya ya Christophe Soglo. Alifungwa tena mwezi Mei 1969 kwa tuhuma za kupanga kumrudisha Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin madarakani na kuipindua serikali ya Émile Derlin Zinsou. Mwaka 1971, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Kazi za Umma, Uchukuzi na Madini. Alikamatwa tena na kuwekwa kizuizini kwa muda mwaka 1973.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le projet d'« Union du Bénin » a des chances limitées|url=https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1964/08/DECRAENE/26157|work=Le Monde diplomatique|date=1964-08-01|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr|author=Philippe Decraene}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1986]] 793u0pg087cv96qaa04a2mxc7uyb55o 1542615 1542485 2026-05-14T09:59:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542615 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabriel Lozès''' (18 Agosti 1917 – 25 Juni 1986)[1][2] alikuwa daktari, [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Benin]]. Lozès alihudumu kama Waziri wa Afya mwaka 1963 na 1964, na baadaye akamrithi Chabi Mama kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia tarehe 25 Januari 1964 hadi 1 Desemba 1965. Katika kipindi hicho, pia alikuwa Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha pekee cha Parti Démocratique Dahoméen (PDD) na mtu wa karibu wa Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin. Baada ya kuvunjwa kwa PDD, alianzisha chama cha Alliance Démocratique Dahoméenne (ADD) na kuwa Katibu Mkuu wake wa kwanza. Mnamo tarehe 28 Januari 1966, alikamatwa kwa muda kwa ajili ya kuhojiwa kwa tuhuma za kusambaza vipeperushi vilivyokuwa vikichochea uasi dhidi ya serikali mpya ya Christophe Soglo. Alifungwa tena mwezi Mei 1969 kwa tuhuma za kupanga kumrudisha Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin madarakani na kuipindua serikali ya Émile Derlin Zinsou. Mwaka 1971, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Kazi za Umma, Uchukuzi na Madini. Alikamatwa tena na kuwekwa kizuizini kwa muda mwaka 1973.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Le projet d'« Union du Bénin » a des chances limitées|url=https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1964/08/DECRAENE/26157|work=Le Monde diplomatique|date=1964-08-01|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr|author=Philippe Decraene}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1986]] s3tudocgguw864esqge9ovzq6zc349g 0 234742 1542486 2026-05-14T05:46:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Monica Maria Iacob Ridzi''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 1977 mjini [[Petroșani]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania|[[Romania]]. Alikuwa kiongozi wa tawi la vijana la Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PDL) na alifanya kazi kama mbunge na waziri katika serikali ya Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33987/MONICA_MARIA_IACOB-RIDZI/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ul...' 1542486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monica Maria Iacob Ridzi''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 1977 mjini [[Petroșani]]) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania|[[Romania]]. Alikuwa kiongozi wa tawi la vijana la Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PDL) na alifanya kazi kama mbunge na waziri katika serikali ya Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33987/MONICA_MARIA_IACOB-RIDZI/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=135&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Ridzi, Monica Maria Iacob}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9osbkqm3zmnjqgdabioq65ak6ooacev 0 234743 1542487 2026-05-14T05:51:40Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Éléonore Yayi Ladekan''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa [[Benin]]. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Elimu ya Juu na Utafiti wa Kisayansi nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] li7grfit7fwk3ow4l33xdtuc13nh5xc 0 234744 1542488 2026-05-14T05:57:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noël Koumba Koussey''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8cOKXdw6-sMC|title=Les effets socio-politiques de la démocratisation en milieu rural au Bénin|date=1998|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=978-3-8258-2975-9|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kipimuby5izm8mum1ihmaz6zjkul7zn 0 234745 1542489 2026-05-14T05:59:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Warren Amerine Stephens''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 18]], [[1957]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye ni balozi wa Marekani nchini [[Uingereza]] chini ya Rais [[Donald Trump]] katika utawala wake wa muhula wapili.<ref>{{cite web |title=Warren Stephens |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/warren-stephens/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Yeye ni mwenyekiti, rais na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa Stephens Inc., benki ya uwekezaji i...' 1542489 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Amerine Stephens''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 18]], [[1957]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye ni balozi wa Marekani nchini [[Uingereza]] chini ya Rais [[Donald Trump]] katika utawala wake wa muhula wapili.<ref>{{cite web |title=Warren Stephens |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/warren-stephens/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Yeye ni mwenyekiti, rais na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa Stephens Inc., benki ya uwekezaji inayomilikiwa na watu binafsi. Kufikia Mei [[2026]], [[Forbes]] ilikadiria utajiri wake kuwa dola bilioni 3.4.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Stephens History |url=http://stephens.com/about_stephens_inc.aspx |website=Stephens |access-date=December 11, 2014 |archive-date=December 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208162326/http://www.stephens.com/about_stephens_inc.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web |title=W&L |url=http://www.wlu.edu/board-of-trustees/current-membership |website=Washington & Lee |access-date=December 11, 2014 |archive-date=August 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815172306/https://wlu.edu/board-of-trustees/current-membership |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iqwr0msuigqnvsq3bz41qn3401ggghu 0 234746 1542490 2026-05-14T06:02:15Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Modeste Kerekou''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Biashara Ndogo na za Kati pamoja na Uhamasishaji wa Ajira nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hc5pxmtfiig9196s7kahbk0ejebzv9m 1542662 1542490 2026-05-14T11:26:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Modeste Kerekou''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Biashara Ndogo na za Kati pamoja na Uhamasishaji wa Ajira nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8jb8ruodhg2bt4u4s6nle5o9pgpp9u9 0 234747 1542492 2026-05-14T06:11:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Natalia-Elena Intotero''' (alizaliwa 14 Januari 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Ameshika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa Waziri wa Familia, Vijana, na Fursa Sawa tangu mwezi Julai 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=145&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la...' 1542492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Natalia-Elena Intotero''' (alizaliwa 14 Januari 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Ameshika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa Waziri wa Familia, Vijana, na Fursa Sawa tangu mwezi Julai 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=145&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Intotero, Natalia-Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g2k2smz64r6vz9n26uphf4xwe7jte4v 0 234748 1542493 2026-05-14T06:13:23Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahougnon Kakpo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Elimu ya Sekondari, Ufundi na Mafunzo ya Kazi nchini Benin,[2] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2017 na Rais Patrice Talon.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Législatives au Bénin : les résultats définitifs proclamés sur fond de violences post-électorales|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/770307/politique/legislatives-au-benin-les-resultats-definitifs-proclames-sur-fond-de-violences-post-electorales/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mwaka 2019, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa la Benin. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0bho38f82ml2vfpap95212it8ctvtrr 1542650 1542493 2026-05-14T11:04:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542650 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahougnon Kakpo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Elimu ya Sekondari, Ufundi na Mafunzo ya Kazi nchini Benin,[2] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwaka 2017 na Rais Patrice Talon.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Législatives au Bénin : les résultats définitifs proclamés sur fond de violences post-électorales|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/770307/politique/legislatives-au-benin-les-resultats-definitifs-proclames-sur-fond-de-violences-post-electorales/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mwaka 2019, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa la Benin. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fhhxs48kihj94908rq9y8c4k1lr5627 0 234749 1542494 2026-05-14T06:15:02Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Leonida Lari''' (26 Oktoba 1949 – 11 Desemba 2011) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi wa habari, na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Moldova]] ambaye alipigania kuunganishwa kwa [[Bessarabia]] na [[Romania]]. Alichapisha vitabu 24 vya ushairi na nathari na alikuwa mtafsiri stadi wa kazi muhimu za fasihi ya ulimwengu kwenda lugha ya [[Kiromania]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=165&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasi...' 1542494 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leonida Lari''' (26 Oktoba 1949 – 11 Desemba 2011) alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi wa habari, na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Moldova]] ambaye alipigania kuunganishwa kwa [[Bessarabia]] na [[Romania]]. Alichapisha vitabu 24 vya ushairi na nathari na alikuwa mtafsiri stadi wa kazi muhimu za fasihi ya ulimwengu kwenda lugha ya [[Kiromania]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=165&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasifu katika tovuti ya Bunge la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2011|Lari, Leonida}} [[Jamii:Washairi wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] eu4hmeea5dgflpcqcfax1izbcchy8ft 0 234750 1542495 2026-05-14T06:18:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akkifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-l...' 1542495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akkifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-lasconi-realeasa-primar-la-campulung-cu-un-2367358.html |title=Elena Lasconi, realeasă primar la Câmpulung cu un scor zdrobitor|language=ro |work=[[Adevărul]] |date=9 Juni 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://usr.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha USR] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Lasconi, Elena Valerica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 16kxhqo4m2m22k8wl2neq4ma7ws8ih2 0 234751 1542497 2026-05-14T06:20:28Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Ignacio-Pinto''' (21 Juni 1903, Porto-Novo – 24 Mei 1984, Dourdan) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye alihudumu katika Seneti ya France kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi 1955. Kuanzia mwaka 1961 hadi 1967 alikuwa mwakilishi wa kwanza wa kudumu wa Benin katika United Nations na pia balozi wa Benin nchini United States. Kuanzia mwaka 1967 hadi 1970 alikuwa Jaji Mkuu wa Mahakama Kuu ya Dahomey. Baadaye, kutoka mwaka 1970 hadi 1979, alikuwa jaji katika International Court of Justice.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IGNACIO-PINTO Louis|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/ignacio_pinto_louis0425r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-14|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1903]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] mvbwm0xkyjx8gth5ev5uelpjwu831vj 1542645 1542497 2026-05-14T11:00:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542645 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Ignacio-Pinto''' (21 Juni 1903, Porto-Novo – 24 Mei 1984, Dourdan) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye alihudumu katika Seneti ya France kuanzia mwaka 1947 hadi 1955. Kuanzia mwaka 1961 hadi 1967 alikuwa mwakilishi wa kwanza wa kudumu wa Benin katika United Nations na pia balozi wa Benin nchini United States. Kuanzia mwaka 1967 hadi 1970 alikuwa Jaji Mkuu wa Mahakama Kuu ya Dahomey. Baadaye, kutoka mwaka 1970 hadi 1979, alikuwa jaji katika International Court of Justice.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=IGNACIO-PINTO Louis|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/ignacio_pinto_louis0425r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-14|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1903]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] 9em7gwjijbb9ex511gb7ke74wg3ifwl 0 234752 1542498 2026-05-14T06:20:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oktovianus Maniani''' (amezaliwa 27 Oktoba 1990 huko Jayapura, [[Indonesia]]) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu na mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Indonesia aliyekuwa akicheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji wa pembeni (winger). Kwa sasa ni kocha wa Bumi Baliem. Anajulikana zaidi kwa majina ya utani “'''Okto'''” au “'''Oman'''”. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa nchini Indonesia kutokana na mechi zake za awali akiwa katika timu ya taifa, hasa wakati wa...' 1542498 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oktovianus Maniani''' (amezaliwa 27 Oktoba 1990 huko Jayapura, [[Indonesia]]) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu na mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Indonesia aliyekuwa akicheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji wa pembeni (winger). Kwa sasa ni kocha wa Bumi Baliem. Anajulikana zaidi kwa majina ya utani “'''Okto'''” au “'''Oman'''”. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa nchini Indonesia kutokana na mechi zake za awali akiwa katika timu ya taifa, hasa wakati wa Kombe la AFF Suzuki 2010, ambapo alionekana kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji waliochangia mafanikio ya timu hiyo pamoja na mwenzake [[Irfan Bachdim]].<ref>[[http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/12/06/22114962/OktoBachdim.Kemungkinan.ke.Inggris](http://bola.kompas.com/read/2010/12/06/22114962/OktoBachdim.Kemungkinan.ke.Inggris) Okto–Bachdim might go to England (Indonesian)]</ref> Pia alitajwa na ESPN Soccernet kuwa mmoja wa wachezaji kumi wa Asia waliokuwa na uwezo wa kufanya vizuri katika soka la Ulaya.<ref>{{cite news|url= [http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story/_/id/859087/john-duerden:-players-who-could-prove-a-hit-in-europe?cc=4716|archive-url=](http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story/_/id/859087/john-duerden:-players-who-could-prove-a-hit-in-europe?cc=4716|archive-url=) [https://web.archive.org/web/20110104075934/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story/_/id/859087/john-duerden:-players-who-could-prove-a-hit-in-europe?cc=4716|url-status=](https://web.archive.org/web/20110104075934/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/columns/story/_/id/859087/john-duerden:-players-who-could-prove-a-hit-in-europe?cc=4716|url-status=) dead|archive-date= 4 January 2011| title= Eastern promise; John Duerden: Players who could prove a hit in Europe| author= John Duerden| author-link= John Duerden| publisher= [[ESPN Soccernet]]|access-date=2 Januari 2011| date=1 Januari 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] qalsvucv1s7dhfttdfluug0xax7fg3z 0 234753 1542499 2026-05-14T06:21:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akihudumu kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-lascon...' 1542499 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akihudumu kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-lasconi-realeasa-primar-la-campulung-cu-un-2367358.html |title=Elena Lasconi, realeasă primar la Câmpulung cu un scor zdrobitor|language=ro |work=[[Adevărul]] |date=9 Juni 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://usr.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha USR] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Lasconi, Elena Valerica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e9je4qfvfi2gwzelz5o2734edtbzpmy 0 234754 1542501 2026-05-14T06:24:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akihudumu kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-lascon...' 1542501 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elena Valerica Lasconi''' (alizaliwa 20 Aprili 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa akihudumu kama Meya wa mji wa [[Câmpulung]] mkoani [[Argeș County|Argeș]]. Mnamo Juni 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR) na kuteuliwa kuwa mgombea urais wa chama hicho katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/elena-lasconi-realeasa-primar-la-campulung-cu-un-2367358.html |title=Elena Lasconi, realeasă primar la Câmpulung cu un scor zdrobitor|language=ro |work=[[Adevărul]] |date=9 Juni 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://usr.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha USR] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Lasconi, Elena Valerica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9kyx69z80ux7t825cjukgv78u62fesv 0 234755 1542502 2026-05-14T06:25:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gustaf "Guus" Hendrik Mantik''' (26 Aprili 1928 – 8 Agosti 2001) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi, gavana, na mbunge kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Mantik alianza kazi yake ya kijeshi mwaka 1946 kama sehemu ya kundi la “Loyalty of the Indonesian People from Sulawesi” au ''Kebaktian Rakjat Indonesia Sulawesi'' (KRIS) wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya Indonesia.<ref>Gosal et al. (1998), p. 19.</ref> Baadaye katika kazi yake ya kijeshi, Mantik alikuja kuwa kamanda wa...' 1542502 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gustaf "Guus" Hendrik Mantik''' (26 Aprili 1928 – 8 Agosti 2001) alikuwa afisa wa jeshi, gavana, na mbunge kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Mantik alianza kazi yake ya kijeshi mwaka 1946 kama sehemu ya kundi la “Loyalty of the Indonesian People from Sulawesi” au ''Kebaktian Rakjat Indonesia Sulawesi'' (KRIS) wakati wa Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya Indonesia.<ref>Gosal et al. (1998), p. 19.</ref> Baadaye katika kazi yake ya kijeshi, Mantik alikuja kuwa kamanda wa maeneo mawili ya kijeshi: Wilaya ya Kijeshi IX / Kalimantan Mashariki (''Kodam IX/Mulawarman'') kuanzia mwaka 1971 hadi 1973, na Wilaya ya Kijeshi V / [[Jakarta]] (''Kodam Jaya'') kuanzia mwaka 1973 hadi 1977.<ref>Indonesia (April 1983), pp. 114, 116.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1928|2001}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] rhu7uxbydgeqvp7k1mewx7zk9tiuf25 0 234756 1542503 2026-05-14T06:26:34Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542503 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simon Bodéhoussè Idohou''' (amezaliwa tarehe 23 Mei 1950[1]) alikuwa Mwakilishi wa Kudumu (au Balozi) wa [[Benin]] katika United Nations kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2006. Katika Huduma ya Afya ya Jeshi la Benin, Idohou alikuwa Mkurugenzi wa Kitengo cha Electroradiology kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1999, Mkurugenzi wa Hospitali ya Mafunzo ya Jeshi ya Cotonou kuanzia 1996 hadi 1998, Naibu Mkurugenzi wa Huduma ya Afya ya Jeshi kuanzia 1999 hadi 2000, na Mkurugenzi wa Huduma ya Afya ya Jeshi kuanzia 2000 hadi 2002. Baadaye mwaka 2002, alikua Mkurugenzi wa Kituo cha Upigaji Picha za Tiba mjini Cotonou, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi alipoteuliwa kuwa Mwakilishi wa Kudumu wa Benin katika Umoja wa Mataifa. Aliwasilisha hati zake za utambulisho kwa Katibu Mkuu wa United Nations tarehe 8 Septemba 2005,[1] akimrithi Joel Wassi Adechi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=République du Bénin - Ministère des Finances|url=http://www.mdef.bj/article.php?id_article=175|work=www.mdef.bj|accessdate=2026-05-14|author=NANOUKON Edmond, Michael AWONON, Françoise OLOWO}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] p40uo1j6ufwil4fcfj85smn8y6l5y6l 0 234757 1542504 2026-05-14T06:27:30Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bellaetrix Manuputty''' (alizaliwa 11 Oktoba 1988) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka Indonesia.<ref name="PBSI - Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi">{{cite web |url=[http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602](http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602) |title=Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi |publisher=[[Chama cha Badminton cha Indonesia]] |accessdate=28 September 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{M...' 1542504 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bellaetrix Manuputty''' (alizaliwa 11 Oktoba 1988) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka Indonesia.<ref name="PBSI - Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi">{{cite web |url=[http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602](http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602) |title=Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi |publisher=[[Chama cha Badminton cha Indonesia]] |accessdate=28 September 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Indonesia]] mxottkj1souva2dknwrtwd17u6j5xqw 0 234758 1542505 2026-05-14T06:27:48Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ram...' 1542505 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8tshtfs5h5ts5leerct1vz04sndjaxf 0 234759 1542506 2026-05-14T06:29:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542506 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dona Jean-Claude Houssou''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa [[Benin]]. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Nishati nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2ilr5rixmln0qtjy3h2qrx46u4fmw48 1542588 1542506 2026-05-14T09:45:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542588 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dona Jean-Claude Houssou''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa [[Benin]]. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Nishati nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 71yhaph3ihyuz95cfbewxy76ugxly22 0 234760 1542507 2026-05-14T06:30:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Butet Manurung''' au '''Saur Marlina Manurung''' (amezaliwa [[Jakarta]], 21 Februari 1972) ni mwanzilishi wa elimu mbadala kwa watu wa asili wanaoishi katika maeneo ya mbali na yaliyotengwa nchini [[Indonesia]]. Kama ilivyo kwa wasichana wengi wa Batak, aliitwa “Butet”, na hivyo anajulikana zaidi kama Butet Manurung. Alianzisha shule ya kwanza ya majaribio katika jamii ya Orang Rimba (au Suku Kubu), kabila la asili la Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Bukit Duab...' 1542507 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Butet Manurung''' au '''Saur Marlina Manurung''' (amezaliwa [[Jakarta]], 21 Februari 1972) ni mwanzilishi wa elimu mbadala kwa watu wa asili wanaoishi katika maeneo ya mbali na yaliyotengwa nchini [[Indonesia]]. Kama ilivyo kwa wasichana wengi wa Batak, aliitwa “Butet”, na hivyo anajulikana zaidi kama Butet Manurung. Alianzisha shule ya kwanza ya majaribio katika jamii ya Orang Rimba (au Suku Kubu), kabila la asili la Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Bukit Duabelas, Jambi, Sumatra. Mbinu aliyotumia ilikuwa na mwelekeo wa kianthropolojia, maana alifundisha kusoma, kuandika na kuhesabu huku akiishi pamoja na wanafunzi wake kwa kipindi cha miezi kadhaa. Mfumo huu ulihusisha pia kuheshimu na kuzingatia mwenendo wa maisha ya kila siku ya jamii hiyo. Baada ya mfumo huo kupangwa vizuri, aliendeleza mfumo wa Sokola Rimba. Neno “Sokola Rimba” limetokana na lugha ya wenyeji wa Orang Rimba, mojawapo ya lahaja za kundi la lugha za Kimalei. Mfumo wa Sokola Rimba sasa unatumiwa katika maeneo mbalimbali ya mbali nchini [[Indonesia]], kama vile Halmahera na [[Flores]]. Serikali ya Indonesia inapanga kuutumia mfumo huo kwa ajili ya maendeleo zaidi ya jamii za maeneo ya mbali nchini humo. Aliolewa na Kelvin James Milne tarehe 5 Juni 2010 mjini [[Canberra]], [[Australia]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Ulos Berkah PIbu|url=[http://internasional.kompas.com/read/2010/06/18/13441976/Ulos.Berkah.Ibu|accessdate=20](http://internasional.kompas.com/read/2010/06/18/13441976/Ulos.Berkah.Ibu|accessdate=20) March 2014|newspaper=Kompas|date=18 June 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1972|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 6zrflojsn7xy0a6a0e9yl77gbxruwer 0 234761 1542508 2026-05-14T06:31:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ram...' 1542508 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8tshtfs5h5ts5leerct1vz04sndjaxf 0 234762 1542509 2026-05-14T06:33:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542509 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benjamin Hounkpatin''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa [[Benin]]. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Afya nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|url=https://www.gouv.bj/|work=Gouvernement de la République du Bénin|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mkf6pfjs39rs1qwwxlvwdvewggbuztd 0 234763 1542510 2026-05-14T06:35:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona...' 1542510 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Lovin''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=440&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Lovin, Ramona}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 90lvv5wri6xz7awzpxs0d4q17wstouc 0 234764 1542511 2026-05-14T06:37:19Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liliyana Natsir''' (amezaliwa 9 Septemba 1985) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika mchezo wa wawili wawili.<ref name="jp1">{{cite web |title=Liliyana Natsir, Indonesia's badminton mixed doubles queen |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/08/27/liliyana-natsir-indonesias-badminton-mixed-doubles-queen.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/08/27/liliyana-natsir-indonesias-badminton-mixed-doubles-queen.html) |publ...' 1542511 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liliyana Natsir''' (amezaliwa 9 Septemba 1985) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika mchezo wa wawili wawili.<ref name="jp1">{{cite web |title=Liliyana Natsir, Indonesia's badminton mixed doubles queen |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/08/27/liliyana-natsir-indonesias-badminton-mixed-doubles-queen.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/08/27/liliyana-natsir-indonesias-badminton-mixed-doubles-queen.html) |publisher=[[The Jakarta Post]] |date=4 Juni 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1985|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 7de0n3vtkz8tac7i6miqcxsig32sjgq 0 234765 1542512 2026-05-14T06:39:47Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542512 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gatien Houngbédji''' (amezaliwa 18 Desemba 1949[1][2]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] na rais wa chama cha Union for Economic and Social Development (UDES).[1][3] Akiwa chini ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara, Sekta ya Ufundi na Utalii kuanzia Aprili 1996 hadi Mei 1998.<ref>{{Cite web|title=L'Officiel des Elections, Le site qui dit tout sur l'élection présidentielle du Bénin de mars 2001|url=http://www.h2com.com/electionbenin/ha.Gatien.HOUNGBEDJI.2.htm|work=www.h2com.com|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ezayrsduuxnc1tiihzjbb4077fi3aq8 1542616 1542512 2026-05-14T10:00:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542616 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gatien Houngbédji''' (amezaliwa 18 Desemba 1949[1][2]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] na rais wa chama cha Union for Economic and Social Development (UDES).[1][3] Akiwa chini ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara, Sekta ya Ufundi na Utalii kuanzia Aprili 1996 hadi Mei 1998.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=L'Officiel des Elections, Le site qui dit tout sur l'élection présidentielle du Bénin de mars 2001|url=http://www.h2com.com/electionbenin/ha.Gatien.HOUNGBEDJI.2.htm|work=www.h2com.com|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jck4p8d0qx09o635ra5vc58fwuatvt2 0 234766 1542513 2026-05-14T06:39:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ramona Nicole Mănescu''' (alizaliwa 6 Desemba 1972 mjini [[Constanța]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]]. Alihudumu kama **Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje** wa Romania kuanzia Julai hadi Novemba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mae.ro/en/node/49615|title=Ramona-Nicole Mănescu takes over as minister of Foreign Affairs|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=Julai 8, 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https:/...' 1542513 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona Nicole Mănescu''' (alizaliwa 6 Desemba 1972 mjini [[Constanța]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Romania]]. Alihudumu kama **Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje** wa Romania kuanzia Julai hadi Novemba 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mae.ro/en/node/49615|title=Ramona-Nicole Mănescu takes over as minister of Foreign Affairs|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=Julai 8, 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/39716/RAMONA_MANESCU/history/8 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Manescu, Ramona Nicole}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kfflv22n8u3bncsnzswszjfc1x83k1u 0 234767 1542514 2026-05-14T06:40:17Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Johanes Chrisostomus Oevaang Oeray''' (18 Agosti 1922 – 17 Julai 1986) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa Gavana wa Kalimantan Magharibi kuanzia mwaka 1960 hadi 1966; alikuwa mtu wa kwanza kutoka kabila la [[Wadayak]] kushika wadhifa huo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Endi |first=Severianus |title=W. Kalimantan proposes national heroes |trans-title=Kalimantan Magharibi yapendekeza mashujaa wa taifa |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/09...' 1542514 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Johanes Chrisostomus Oevaang Oeray''' (18 Agosti 1922 – 17 Julai 1986) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa Gavana wa Kalimantan Magharibi kuanzia mwaka 1960 hadi 1966; alikuwa mtu wa kwanza kutoka kabila la [[Wadayak]] kushika wadhifa huo.<ref>{{cite news |last=Endi |first=Severianus |title=W. Kalimantan proposes national heroes |trans-title=Kalimantan Magharibi yapendekeza mashujaa wa taifa |url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/09/w-kalimantan-proposes-national-heroes.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/09/w-kalimantan-proposes-national-heroes.html) |work=The Jakarta Post |date=8 June 2012 |access-date=6 August 2012 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121015070606/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/09/w-kalimantan-proposes-national-heroes.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20121015070606/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/06/09/w-kalimantan-proposes-national-heroes.html) |archive-date=15 October 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|1986}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 1gz6ejs2fulieg6hik5gcwx6ytz91x1 0 234768 1542515 2026-05-14T06:43:07Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542515 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Houndété''' (amezaliwa 7 Septemba 1963) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye ni mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa (National Assembly) na pia rais wa chama cha The Democrats.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bénin: reçu en audience par le président Talon, Eric Houndété, du parti Les démocrates, met sur la table les sujets qui fâchent|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20230425-b%C3%A9nin-re%C3%A7u-en-audience-par-le-pr%C3%A9sident-talon-eric-hound%C3%A9t%C3%A9-du-parti-les-d%C3%A9mocrates-met-sur-la-table-les-sujets-qui-f%C3%A2chent|work=RFI|date=2023-04-25|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1rsen1r95p3w224jp8hot3r8e2o5iza 1542608 1542515 2026-05-14T09:52:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542608 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Houndété''' (amezaliwa 7 Septemba 1963) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] ambaye ni mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa (National Assembly) na pia rais wa chama cha The Democrats.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bénin: reçu en audience par le président Talon, Eric Houndété, du parti Les démocrates, met sur la table les sujets qui fâchent|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20230425-b%C3%A9nin-re%C3%A7u-en-audience-par-le-pr%C3%A9sident-talon-eric-hound%C3%A9t%C3%A9-du-parti-les-d%C3%A9mocrates-met-sur-la-table-les-sujets-qui-f%C3%A2chent|work=RFI|date=2023-04-25|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1963]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s1fwsz8v7mwtbi0bul522s2c7lsgzgc 0 234769 1542516 2026-05-14T06:44:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Auwjong Peng Koen''' alizaliwa mjini Bukittinggi tarehe 25 Julai 1920. Alikuwa wa kabila la Minnan (Hokkien) lenye asili kutoka kisiwa cha Kinmen (Quemoy). Tangu utotoni, baba yake, Auwjong Pauw, alimfundisha nidhamu, matumizi ya fedha kwa uangalifu, na kufanya kazi kwa bidii. Baba yake alikuwa mkulima katika Kisiwa cha Quemoy (sehemu ya Mkoa wa Fujian, Taiwan). Baadaye alihamia [[Sumatra]], Uhindia wa Mashariki wa Kiholanzi (sasa [[Indonesia]]) kutafut...' 1542516 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Auwjong Peng Koen''' alizaliwa mjini Bukittinggi tarehe 25 Julai 1920. Alikuwa wa kabila la Minnan (Hokkien) lenye asili kutoka kisiwa cha Kinmen (Quemoy). Tangu utotoni, baba yake, Auwjong Pauw, alimfundisha nidhamu, matumizi ya fedha kwa uangalifu, na kufanya kazi kwa bidii. Baba yake alikuwa mkulima katika Kisiwa cha Quemoy (sehemu ya Mkoa wa Fujian, Taiwan). Baadaye alihamia [[Sumatra]], Uhindia wa Mashariki wa Kiholanzi (sasa [[Indonesia]]) kutafuta kazi bora zaidi. Ingawa Auwjong Pauw baadaye alikuja kuwa tajiri mkubwa wa biashara ya tumbaku, hakuwalea watoto wake kwa kuwabembeleza. Mafundisho yake yalikuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kumjenga tabia Peng Koen. Alikua mtu makini na mwenye kusema mambo kwa uwazi mkubwa. Peng Koen alisoma katika Hollandsche Chineesche School (shule ya msingi kwa watoto wa Kichina), ambapo alianza kufundishwa dini ya [[Kanisa Katoliki|Kikatoliki]], na baadaye akabatizwa na kupewa jina la Andreas. == Elimu ya juu == Peng Koen aliendelea na masomo katika Hollandsche Chineesche Kweekschool. Wakati huo aliteuliwa kuwa kiongozi wa shirika la wanafunzi. Majukumu yake yalikuwa kuandaa vifaa vya kusoma kwa wanachama na kupanga sherehe za Mwaka Mpya wa Kichina pamoja na matembezi ya mwisho wa mwaka. Alipenda sana kusoma magazeti na majarida. Wakati wanafunzi wengine walikuwa wakisoma makala tu, Peng Koen alijitahidi kuchambua mitindo ya uandishi na mawazo yaliyomo katika kila makala. Inaelezwa kuwa alikuwa na aibu kidogo alipokuwa mbele ya wanawake. Mmoja wa wanafunzi wenzake wa zamani, Oei Yin Hwa, aliyekuwa mmiliki wa duka la pipi mjini Cianjur, alikumbuka kuwa Peng Koen alijulikana kama ''verstrooide professor'' yaani “profesa msahaulifu”.<ref>{{cite book |title=P.K. Ojong: hidup sederhana, berpikir mulia |year=2001 |author= Helen Ishwara |isbn=9797090000 |language=id |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=hxplAAAAMAAJ&q=%22verstrooide+professor%22+ojong](https://books.google.com/books?id=hxplAAAAMAAJ&q=%22verstrooide+professor%22+ojong) |page=30}}</ref> Pia alijulikana kwa kuwa mtu mwenye sura ya ukakamavu na umakini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1920|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia ]] 9pu5fovfg5ok2vhiih9mqeo88cnweof 0 234770 1542517 2026-05-14T06:45:32Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542517 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Colette Sénami Agossou Houeto''' (amezaliwa 1939) ni [[mwalimu]], mshairi wa ufeministi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Benin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Agossou Houeto Colette|url=https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/AgossouHouetoEng.html|work=aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Elimu ya Msingi na Sekondari katika serikali ya kwanza ya Rais Boni Yayi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9z4pxb54mgmvw1isdkbiy74zd6ujle4 0 234771 1542518 2026-05-14T06:46:59Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mioara Mantale''' (alizaliwa 3 Oktoba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mkuu wa mkoa ([[Prefect (Romania)|Prefect]]) wa mji wa [[Bucharest]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) na baadaye Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PDL). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://b.prefectura.mai.gov.ro/ Tovuti rasmi ya Ofisi ya Prefect w...' 1542518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mioara Mantale''' (alizaliwa 3 Oktoba 1967) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mkuu wa mkoa ([[Prefect (Romania)|Prefect]]) wa mji wa [[Bucharest]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) na baadaye Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PDL). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://b.prefectura.mai.gov.ro/ Tovuti rasmi ya Ofisi ya Prefect wa Bucharest] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Mantale, Mioara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1t9atlj8p731e1uc4tdbsk16oqcutju 0 234772 1542519 2026-05-14T06:47:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Guy Junior Nke Ondoua''' (alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1986) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Kamerun]] ambaye hucheza katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji kwa klabu ya Liga 2 iitwayo Persikota Tangerang.<ref name=Bio>{{cite web|url=[https://www.rri.co.id/sepak-bola/1205791/kalahkan-persikota-skor-telak-6-2-persiraja-lolos-8-besar|title=Kalahkan](https://www.rri.co.id/sepak-bola/1205791/kalahkan-persikota-skor-telak-6-2-persiraja-lolos-8-besar|tit...' 1542519 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Junior Nke Ondoua''' (alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1986) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Kamerun]] ambaye hucheza katika nafasi ya mshambuliaji kwa klabu ya Liga 2 iitwayo Persikota Tangerang.<ref name=Bio>{{cite web|url=[https://www.rri.co.id/sepak-bola/1205791/kalahkan-persikota-skor-telak-6-2-persiraja-lolos-8-besar|title=Kalahkan](https://www.rri.co.id/sepak-bola/1205791/kalahkan-persikota-skor-telak-6-2-persiraja-lolos-8-besar|title=Kalahkan) Persikota Skor Telak 6-2, Persiraja Lolos 8 Besar|publisher=rri.co.id|access-date=20 December 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kamerun]] e25jq6m836mgdn22u8038kgbxlte78m 0 234773 1542520 2026-05-14T06:49:25Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Imanuel Permenas Padwa'''<ref>{{cite web| url = [http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|](http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|) url-status = dead| archive-url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20090307214952/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|](https://web.archive.org/web/20090307214952/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-...' 1542520 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imanuel Permenas Padwa'''<ref>{{cite web| url = [http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|](http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|) url-status = dead| archive-url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20090307214952/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|](https://web.archive.org/web/20090307214952/http://www.goal.com/id-ID/people/indonesia/26180/imanuel-permenas-padwa|) archive-date = 2009-03-07| title = Imanuel Permenas Padwa - Goal.com}}</ref> (amezaliwa 12 Februari 1984 huko [[Biak]], [[Papua]]) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka Indonesia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1984|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] dy04ufdvd2t945st4v1dt9kbebyzr1f 0 234774 1542521 2026-05-14T06:51:30Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oswald Homeky''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Ni waziri wa zamani wa Michezo nchini Benin,[3] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Benin: Oswald Homeky, minister of sports, resigns|url=https://www.afro-impact.com/en/benin-oswald-homeky-minister-of-sports-resigns/|work=Afro impact|date=2023-10-06|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=Gérard Dawa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ntniea6bwye5gx9yc675ljo3dcmu4nh 0 234775 1542522 2026-05-14T06:51:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mara Mareș''' (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1992) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL). Amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu tangu mwaka 2023, baada ya alifanya kazi hapo awali kati ya mwaka 2016 na 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.ro/politic-intern/mara-mares-a-ajuns-din-nou-deputata-dupa-ce-pavel-popescu-a-plecat-la-ancom-64045|title=Mara Mareș...' 1542522 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mara Mareș''' (alizaliwa 5 Juni 1992) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia National Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL). Amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu tangu mwaka 2023, baada ya alifanya kazi hapo awali kati ya mwaka 2016 na 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.euractiv.ro/politic-intern/mara-mares-a-ajuns-din-nou-deputata-dupa-ce-pavel-popescu-a-plecat-la-ancom-64045|title=Mara Mareș a ajuns din nou deputată|work=[[Euractiv]]|date=18 Oktoba 2023|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=178&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992||Mares, Mara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pohmp4fuxbn9x11voy8jx82zw3rtv4v 0 234776 1542523 2026-05-14T06:52:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yohanes Ferinando Pahabol''',<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/yohanes-ferinando-pahabol/180391/|title=Yohanes](https://int.soccerway.com/players/yohanes-ferinando-pahabol/180391/|title=Yohanes) Ferinando Pahabol|publisher=soccerway.com|access-date=12 May 2012}}</ref> anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Feri Pahabol''', (alizaliwa 16 Januari 1992) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye hucheza katika nafasi ya...' 1542523 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yohanes Ferinando Pahabol''',<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/yohanes-ferinando-pahabol/180391/|title=Yohanes](https://int.soccerway.com/players/yohanes-ferinando-pahabol/180391/|title=Yohanes) Ferinando Pahabol|publisher=soccerway.com|access-date=12 May 2012}}</ref> anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Feri Pahabol''', (alizaliwa 16 Januari 1992) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye hucheza katika nafasi ya winga kwa klabu ya Liga 2 iitwayo Persipura Jayapura. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 2srpabpt91zfvd1zr27r2k8widj6ic6 0 234777 1542524 2026-05-14T06:53:06Z Lebu Ayiga 82030 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1353977771|Agriculture in Kenya]]" 1542524 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Potatoes_from_a_Kenyan_farm.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Viazi vilivyovunwa kutoka shamba la Kenya.]] Sekta ya [[kilimo]] ndiyo muhimili mkuu wa [[uchumi wa Kenya]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-06-05|title=Agriculture, Food and Water Security|url=https://www.usaid.gov/kenya/agriculture-food-and-water-security#:~:text=OVERVIEW,percent%20of%20the%20rural%20population.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226162312/https://www.usaid.gov/kenya/agriculture-food-and-water-security#:~:text=OVERVIEW,percent%20of%20the%20rural%20population.|archivedate=26 February 2023|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=U.S. Agency for International Development|language=en}}</ref> Ni takriban asilimia 15 mpaka 17 tu ya eneo lote la nchi yenye rutuba na mvua ya kutosha kwa ajili ya shughuli za ukulima, huku kiasi kidogo cha asilimia 7 mpaka 8 kikielezwa kuwa ardhi ya daraja la kwanza. Takwimu za mwaka 2006 zinaonyesha kuwa takriban asilimia 75 ya nguvu kazi nchini Kenya ilitegemea kilimo kwa ajili ya kujikimu, ikiwa ni upungufu kidogo kutoka asilimia 80 iliyorekodiwa mnamo mwaka 1980.<ref name="cp" /> Aidha, karibu nusu ya jumla ya uzalishaji wa kilimo nchini unajumuisha kilimo cha kujikimu ambacho mazao yake hayafikishwi sokoni kwa ajili ya biashara. <ref name="cp" /> Sekta ya kilimo ndiyo mchangiaji mkuu wa Pato la Taifa (GDP) nchini [[Kenya]]. Takwimu za mwaka 2005 zinaonyesha kuwa kilimo, kikijumuisha misitu na uvuvi, kilichangia takriban asilimia 24 ya Pato la Taifa, kikitoa asilimia 18 ya ajira za mshahara na kuzalisha asilimia 50 ya mapato yote yatokanayo na mauzo ya nje. <ref name="cp" /> Kilimo ndiyo sekta kuu ya kiuchumi nchini Kenya, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya at a glance {{!}} FAO in Kenya {{!}} Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|url=https://www.fao.org/kenya/fao-in-kenya/kenya-at-a-glance/en/|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=www.fao.org}}</ref> icha ya kuwa chini ya asilimia 8 ya ardhi yote hutumika kwa ajili ya uzalishaji wa mazao na malisho, huku kiasi kisichozidi asilimia 20 ya ardhi nchini kikielezwa kufaa kwa shughuli za ukulima. Kenya ni miongoni mwa wazalishaji wakubwa duniani wa chai <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=cycles|first=This text provides general information Statista assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct Due to varying update|title=Topic: Tea industry in Kenya|url=https://www.statista.com/topics/8363/tea-industry-in-kenya/#:~:text=Kenya%20is%20one%20of%20the,far%20the%20main%20tea%20producer.|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=Statista|language=en}}</ref> na kahawa, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=World Coffee Research {{!}} Kenya|url=https://worldcoffeeresearch.org/focus-countries/kenya|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=World Coffee Research|language=en-US}}</ref> na pia inashika nafasi ya tatu kwa mauzo ya nje ya mazao ya bustani , kama vile kabichi, vitunguu, na maembe. Wakulima wadogo ndio wazalishaji wakuu wa mahindi, pamoja na mazao mengine muhimu kama viazi, ndizi, maharagwe, njegere, na pilipili. == Historia == [[Faili:Agricultural_output_Kenya.svg|thumb|300x300px|Maendeleo ya pato la kilimo nchini Kenya mwaka wa 2015 Dola za Marekani tangu 1961]] === Kipindi cha kabla ya ukoloni === Kabla ya kuingia kwa wakoloni kutoka Ulaya, mifumo ya kilimo katika maeneo ya bara nchini Kenya iligawanywa kati ya jamii za wakulima na wafugaji. Jamii za Kibantu, zilizohamia katika ukanda huu kufikia milenia ya kwanza BK, zilianzisha teknolojia ya uhunzi wa chuma na kilimo cha makazi, huku zikizalisha mazao kama vile mtama, mchele na kunde. <ref name="fao-hist2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya at a glance|url=https://www.fao.org/kenya/fao-in-kenya/kenya-at-a-glance/en/|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Food and Agriculture Organization}}</ref> Kinyume chake, jamii za Waniloti na Wakushi zilitegemea mifumo mbalimbali ya ufugaji wa kuhamahama, wakimiliki mifugo kama vile ng'ombe, mbuzi na kondoo. Jamii hizi mara nyingi zilishirikiana kupitia biashara ya kubadilishana bidhaa (barter trade), ambapo mazao ya mifugo yalibadilishwa kwa nafaka katika maeneo ya mipakani kama vile [[Thika]] na [[Limuru]]. <ref name="ossrea2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Pre-Colonial Period|url=http://ossrea.net/publications/images/stories/ossrea/env-kenya-part-2.pdf|accessdate=2026-05-13|publisher=OSSREA}}</ref> === Enzi ya Ukoloni (1895–1963) === Sera ya kilimo wakati wa utawala wa kikoloni wa Uingereza iliandaliwa kwa misingi ya kupokonya ardhi yenye rutuba kwa ajili ya walowezi wa Kiamerika na Ulaya. Kufikia mwaka wa 1902, utawala wa Uingereza ulianza kuhamasisha walowezi wa Kizungu kumiliki maeneo ya "Nyanda za Juu za Wazungu", ukanda wenye ardhi yenye tija kubwa ambao umiliki wake ulitengwa kisheria kwa ajili ya Wazungu pekee. <ref name="boa2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya Under Colonial Rule, 1907–1964|url=https://britishonlinearchives.com/collections/72/kenya-under-colonial-rule-in-government-reports-1907-1964|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=British Online Archives}}</ref> Katika kipindi hiki, utawala wa kikoloni ulianzisha uzalishaji wa mazao makuu ya biashara: * '''Kahawa:''' Zao hili lilianzishwa nchini kwa mara ya kwanza na wamisionari wa Shirika la Roho Mtakatifu (Holy Ghost Fathers) kutoka Ufaransa katika eneo la Bura, Milima ya Taita mnamo mwaka 1893. <ref name="khist2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=The History of Coffee and Tea Farming in Kenya|url=https://kenyanhistory.com/the-history-of-coffee-and-tea-farming-in-kenya/|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Kenyan History}}</ref> * '''Chai:''' Miche ya kwanza ya chai ilipandwa katika eneo la Limuru mnamo mwaka 1903 na G.W.L. Caine, huku uzalishaji wa zao hilo kwa kiwango cha kibiashara ukianza rasmi mnamo mwaka 1924. <ref name="khist2" /> * '''Mkonge na Pareto''': Mazao haya pia yalichomoza na kuwa miongoni mwa vyanzo vikuu vya mapato ya kigeni vilivyochochea ukuaji wa uchumi wa kikoloni. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-06-29|title=Pioneer farmers: Rise and fall of pyrethrum as top-earning cash crop|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/business/seeds-of-gold/pioneer-farmers-rise-and-fall-of-pyrethrum-as-top-earning-cash-crop-244280|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Daily Nation|language=en}}</ref> Kwa miongo kadhaa, wakulima wa Kiafrika walizuiwa kisheria kujihusisha na kilimo cha mazao ya biashara yenye tija kubwa kama vile kahawa na chai. Hatua hiyo ililenga kudhibiti ushindani wa kibiashara na kuhakikisha kuwepo kwa utiririko wa nguvu kazi ya gharama nafuu kwa ajili ya mashamba makubwa ya walowezi. <ref name="boa2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya Under Colonial Rule, 1907–1964|url=https://britishonlinearchives.com/collections/72/kenya-under-colonial-rule-in-government-reports-1907-1964|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=British Online Archives}}</ref> ==== Mpango wa Swynnerton (1954) ==== Kufuatia mripuko wa [[Uasi wa Maumau|uasi wa Mau Mau]], utawala wa kikoloni uliidhinisha Mpango wa Swynnerton (Swynnerton Plan) mnamo mwaka 1954 kwa lengo la kuunda tabaka la kati la Waafrika wenye msimamo wa wastani. Mpango huo, uliopendekezwa na Roger Swynnerton, ulilenga kuleta mapinduzi katika kilimo cha wenyeji kwa kuwaruhusu Wakenya asilia kuzalisha mazao ya biashara kwa mara ya kwanza, huku ukianzisha mfumo wa ujumuishaji wa mashamba na usajili rasmi wa milki za ardhi. Hatua hii ilichochea ukuaji wa kasi wa thamani ya uzalishaji wa wakulima wadogo wa Kiafrika, ambapo mapato yaliongezeka kutoka pauni milioni 5.2 mnamo mwaka 1955 hadi kufikia pauni milioni 14 ifikapo mwaka 1964. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/156171468741677406/pdf/377580vol102.pdf|title=Agriculture in Kenya: Developments and Prospects|publisher=World Bank|access-date=13 May 2026}}</ref> === Baada ya uhuru (1963–sasa) === Baada ya kupata uhuru mnamo mwaka wa 1963, serikali ya Kenya ilitilia mkazo mageuzi ya ardhi na mkakati wa "Uafrikishaji" wa sekta ya kilimo. Chini ya ushauri wa David Gordon Hines, serikali ilitekeleza Mpango wa Ekari Milioni, uliowezesha ununuzi wa mashamba yaliyomilikiwa na walowezi katika maeneo ya Nyanda za Juu kwa ajili ya kuwapa makazi na fursa za uzalishaji wakulima wadogo wa Kiafrika. Kipindi cha baada ya ukoloni kilishuhudia wakulima wadogo wakichomoza na kuwa injini kuu ya ukuaji wa uchumi wa taifa. Kuanzishwa kwa Wakala wa Maendeleo ya Chai nchini Kenya (KTDA) mnamo mwaka 1964 kuliiwezesha Kenya kuwa muuzaji mkuu wa chai nyeusi duniani kupitia utoaji wa huduma za ugani na usaidizi kwa mamilioni ya wakulima wadogo. Licha ya sekta hiyo kukumbwa na misukosuko katika miongo ya 1980 na 1990 kutokana na kuyumba kwa bei katika soko la kimataifa pamoja na utekelezaji wa Programu za Marekebisho ya Kimuundo (SAPs) zilizopendekezwa na [[Benki ya Dunia]], kilimo kinaendelea kusalia kuwa uti wa mgongo wa uchumi wa Kenya katika karne ya 21. <ref name="tandf2">{{Rejea jarida |year=1995 |title=Evolution of Kenyan agricultural policy |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03768359508439833 |journal=Development Southern Africa}}</ref> == Uzalishaji == [[Faili:Sugarcane_in_Migori.jpg|thumb|Uvunaji wa Miwa huko migori, Kenya]] Kenya ilizalisha mwaka wa 2018: * Tani milioni 5.2 za miwa ; * Tani milioni 4 za [[Muhindi|mahindi]] ; * Tani milioni 1.8 za [[Kiazi cha kizungu|viazi]] ; * Tani milioni 1.4 za [[ndizi]] ; * Tani 946,000 za [[Muhogo|mihogo]] ; * Tani 871,000 za [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] ; * Tani 775,000 za [[Embe|maembe]] (ikiwa ni pamoja na mangosteen na [[Pera|guava]] ); * Tani 765,000 za maharagwe ; * Tani 599,000 za [[Mnyanya|nyanya]] ; * Tani 674,000 za [[kabichi]] ; * Tani 492,000 za [[chai]] (mzalishaji wa tatu kwa ukubwa duniani, akipoteza China na India pekee); * Tani 349,000 za [[Nanasi|mananasi]] ; * Tani 336,000 za [[ngano]] ; * Tani 239,000 za [[karoti]] ; * Tani 233,000 za [[Mparachichi|parachichi]] ; * Tani 206,000 za [[mtama]] ; * Tani 188,000 za [[Tikitimaji|tikiti maji]] ; * Tani 179,000 za [[Mkunde|kunde]] ; * Tani 169,000 za mchicha ; Pamoja na mazao makuu, sekta ya kilimo nchini inajumuisha pia uzalishaji wa kiwango cha kati wa bidhaa nyinginezo, ikiwemo papai (tani 131,000), nazi (tani 92,000), pamoja na kahawa (tani 41,000). == Bidhaa za kilimo == [[Faili:Papaya_fruit_in_Kenya.jpg|thumb|Matunda ya Papai]] === Miwa === alishaji wa miwa nchini unakabiliwa na changamoto ya wadudu aina ya vipekecha shina <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002">{{Rejea jarida |last=Kfir |first=Rami |last2=Overholt |first2=W. A. |last3=Khan |first3=Z. R. |last4=Polaszek |first4=A. |year=2002 |title=Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=701–731 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145254 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=11729089}}</ref> ''Chilo partellus'' ni aina ya kipekecha shina vamizi mwenye asili ya Pakistan, ambaye amechukua nafasi ya mdudu mzawa, ''C. orichalcociliellus'', katika baadhi ya maeneo ya nchi, ingawa hajafanikiwa kumuangamiza kikamilifu. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Chilo partellus'' ni aina ya kipekecha shina vamizi mwenye asili ya Pakistan, ambaye amechukua nafasi ya mdudu mzawa, ''C. orichalcociliellus'', katika baadhi ya maeneo ya nchi, ingawa hajafanikiwa kumuangamiza kikamilifu <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Cotesia flavipes ni aina ya nyigu vimelea (parasitoid) mwenye asili ya Pakistan—eneo ambalo pia ni chimbuko la C. partellus—ambaye aliingizwa nchini na Overholt na wenzake kama mbinu ya udhibiti wa kibiolojia''. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002">{{Rejea jarida |last=Kfir |first=Rami |last2=Overholt |first2=W. A. |last3=Khan |first3=Z. R. |last4=Polaszek |first4=A. |year=2002 |title=Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=701–731 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145254 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=11729089}}</ref> Katika msimu wa kwanza baada ya kuachiliwa kwake, Overholt na wenzake (1994) walibaini kipekecha shina mmoja tu aliyekuwa amevamiwa na vimelea hivyo, licha ya kufanya uchunguzi wa kina. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> Tafiti za mwaka 1995 na 1996 zilionyesha mafanikio madogo tu; hata hivyo, <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ghafla mnamo mwaka 1997, Overholt na wenzake walirekodi ongezeko kubwa la uvamizi wa vimelea hivyo (parasitism), huku Zhou na wenzake (2001) wakithibitisha kuendelea kwa kasi hiyo ya ukuaji hadi kufikia mwaka 1999. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Sesamia calamistis ni aina nyingine ya kipekecha shina anayeshambulia zao la miwa nchini Kenya.'' <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002">{{Rejea jarida |last=Kfir |first=Rami |last2=Overholt |first2=W. A. |last3=Khan |first3=Z. R. |last4=Polaszek |first4=A. |year=2002 |title=Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=701–731 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145254 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=11729089}}</ref> Mdudu huyu anadhibitiwa na ''Cotesia sesamiae'', ambaye ni nyigu vimelea (parasitoid) anayepatikana nchini. Vimelea hivi hushambulia na kuishi ndani ya mabuu (larvae) ya ''S.<ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" />calamistis'', jambo linalosaidia kudhibiti idadi ya waharibifu hao katika mfumo wa ikolojia wa mashamba ya miwa. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> === Viazi vitamu === [[Faili:Four_men_harvesting_red_sweet_potato_at_daytime.jpg|thumb|Mahali pa picha ya viazi vitamu vyekundu haijulikani]] Aina kuu za viazi vitamu zinazozalishwa na wakulima nchini Kenya ni zile zenye rangi nyeupe, nyekundu, na zambarau. Hata hivyo, umaarufu wa [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] vya rangi ya machungwa umekua kwa kasi kufuatia hatua ya wataalamu wa lishe kuvitangaza kama chanzo muhimu cha [[Vitamini A]], kirutubisho ambacho mara nyingi hukosekana katika mlo wa kawaida wa Wakenya. Ingawa upungufu wa Vitamini A hauchukuliwi kama tatizo linalosababisha kifo cha moja kwa moja, hali hiyo hudhoofisha mfumo wa kinga mwilini na kumfanya mtu kuwa katika hatari ya kuugua surua, malaria, na kuhara, pamoja na uwezekano wa kusababisha upofu. <ref name="nel" /> Licha ya jitihada za kuzalisha mimea yenye usugu kamili, mafanikio yaliyopatikana hadi sasa ni madogo. Kutokana na hali hiyo, nguvu kazi sasa inaelekezwa katika mbinu za "usugu bandia", zinazojumuisha upunguzaji wa athari za fukusi kupitia ukuzaji wa aina za viazi zinazotoa mizizi ndani zaidi ardhini pamoja na matumizi ya mbegu za msimu mfupi, ambazo hukaa shambani kwa muda mchache na hivyo kuepuka mashambulizi ya muda mrefu ya wadudu. Katika maeneo ambapo wakulima huvuna viazi vitamu kidogo kidogo (piecemeal harvesting), hasara ya mazao inaweza kufikia asilimia 10 kutokana na magonjwa na fukusi, huku mashambulizi ya mende waharibifu yakiwa na uwezo wa kuteketeza mashamba yote ya viazi vitamu. === Maua === [[Faili:Naivasha_ast_2008033_lrg.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mabanda ya maua karibu na [[Ziwa Naivasha]] . Maua mapya yanachangia takriban 10% ya mauzo ya nje ya Kenya.]] Kenya inashika nafasi ya tatu duniani kwa uuzaji wa maua nje ya nchi. Takriban nusu ya mashamba 127 ya maua nchini yamejikita katika ukanda wa Ziwa Naivasha, umbali wa kilomita 90 kaskazini magharibi mwa jiji la [[Nairobi]]. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> Ili kurahisisha na kuharakisha usafirishaji wa bidhaa hizi katika masoko ya kimataifa, Uwanja wa Ndege wa Kimataifa wa Jomo Kenyatta una kituo maalum (dedicated terminal) kilichotengwa kwa ajili ya usafirishaji wa maua na mbogamboga pekee. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> Kwa mujibu wa Baraza la Maua nchini Kenya (KFC), tasnia ya maua inatoa ajira za moja kwa moja kwa watu 90,000, huku takriban watu wengine 500,000 wakiajiriwa isivyo rasmi kupitia huduma za usaidizi Maua yanayotoka nchini Kenya yanachukua kati ya asilimia 30 hadi 35 ya maua yote yanayouzwa kwa mnada [[Ulaya|barani Ulaya]] . <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> idha, bidhaa za maua ya waridi, karafuu, na maua ya msimu wa joto (summer flowers) kutoka Kenya yanapata umaarufu mkubwa katika masoko ya Urusi na Marekani. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> === Kahawa === Wakulima wadogo wana uwezo wa kuongeza tija ya mazao yao kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa kuzingatia miongozo rahisi ya kilimo bora, kama vile mbinu sahihi za kupogoa. Ingawa awali wengi husita kutekeleza mbinu hizi kwa kudhani kuwa ni kinyume na mazoea, maarifa hayo husambaa kwa kasi pindi wakulima wanaposhuhudia ongezeko la mavuno kutoka kwa majirani waliofuata miongozo hiyo. == Mbinu za kilimo == === Ukuaji wa kawaida === [[Faili:Women_smallholder_farmers_in_Kenya.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Wakulima wadogo nchini Kenya.]] Kutokana na athari za wadudu, magonjwa, na kupungua kwa rutuba ya udongo, wakulima hutumia mbinu ya mzunguko wa mazao kwa kiwango kikubwa, ambapo shamba hutumiwa kwa kilimo cha [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] mara moja tu katika kila miaka mitano bila kurudia zao hilo kwa misimu miwili mfululizo. Upandaji wa mpunga kati ya misimu miwili ya viazi vitamu umependekezwa kwa muda mrefu kama mbinu mbadala; tafiti zinaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha uvamizi wa fukusi wa viazi vitamu hupungua pindi mazao hayo yanapopandwa katika mashamba jirani. Aidha, upungufu wa uharibifu wa fukusi ulizingatiwa wakati viazi vitamu vilipopandwa mchanganyiko na mtama wa "proso" pamoja na ufuta, ingawa uzalishaji wa viazi vitamu ulipungua kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na uwezo wa viazi hivyo kuzuia uotaji wa mtama. Mifumo hii ya mzunguko wa mazao na mbinu za upandaji ni maarufu sana katika sekta ya kilimo barani Afrika. Udhibiti wa magugu unahitaji uwekezaji mkubwa wa nguvu kazi kwa saa nyingi za kazi ya mikono. Ukuaji wa magugu usiodhibitiwa unaweza kupunguza tija ya mazao kwa kiasi cha hadi asilimia 60. Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hiyo, baadhi ya wakulima huamua kupunguza ukubwa wa eneo la uzalishaji, hatua ambayo pia husababisha kupungua kwa jumla ya mavuno; huku matumizi ya dawa za kuulia magugu (herbicides) yakiwa nje ya uwezo wa kifedha wa wakulima wadogo wengi. Aidha, mmea wa viazi vitamu unapozalishwa kwa kutumia miche ileile kwa misimu kadhaa mfululizo, tija hupungua huku mrundikano wa virusi ukiongezeka, ingawa vimelea hivyo vinaweza kudhibitiwa kupitia matibabu ya joto. === Umwagiliaji === Mfumo wa [[umwagiliaji]] nchini Kenya umegawanywa katika makundi makuu matatu ya kiutawala: miradi ya wakulima wadogo, miradi ya umma inayosimamiwa na mamlaka kuu ya serikali, pamoja na miradi ya umwagiliaji ya kampuni binafsi na kibiashara. Miradi ya wakulima wadogo inamilikiwa, kuandaliwa, na kusimamiwa na watu binafsi au vyama vya wakulima vinavyoendeshwa kama asasi za watumiaji maji au vikundi vya kujiendeleza. Shughuli za umwagiliaji hufanyika katika mashamba ya mmoja mmoja au ya pamoja yenye wastani wa ukubwa wa hekta 0.1 hadi 0.4. Kwa sasa, kuna takriban miradi 3,000 ya umwagiliaji ya wakulima wadogo inayojumuisha jumla ya hekta 47,000, kiwango ambacho ni sawa na asilimia 42 ya maeneo yote ya umwagiliaji nchini. Miradi hii ndiyo chanzo kikuu cha mazao ya bustani yanayosambazwa katika vituo vya mijini kote nchini [[Kenya]]. Nchi hii ina jumla ya miradi saba mikubwa ya umwagiliaji inayosimamiwa na mamlaka kuu, ambayo ni [[Mwea]], [[Bura, Tana River|Bura]], Hola, [[Perkerra]], West Kano, Bunyala, na [[Ahero|Ahero.]] Miradi hiyo inajumuisha eneo la uzalishaji la hekta 18,200, ikiwa na wastani wa hekta 2,600 kwa kila mradi. Inasimamiwa na Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Umwagiliaji na inachangia asilimia 18 ya eneo lote linalomwagiliwa nchini Kenya. Hapo awali, serikali ilitekeleza na kusimamia miradi hiyo ya kitaifa huku wakulima wakishiriki kama wapangaji. Hata hivyo, kuanzia mwaka 2003, NIB ilikabidhi majukumu mengi ya huduma kwa wadau, isipokuwa masuala ya uendelezaji, uendeshaji na matengenezo, pamoja na ukarabati wa miundombinu mikuu ya umwagiliaji. Mashamba makubwa ya kibiashara ya kibinafsi yanajumuisha eneo la hekta 45,000, kiwango kinachochangia asilimia 40 ya ardhi yote ya umwagiliaji nchini. Mashamba haya yanatumia teknolojia ya kisasa katika uzalishaji wa mazao yenye thamani kubwa kwa ajili ya masoko ya kimataifa, hususan maua na mbogamboga. Aidha, sekta hii inatoa ajira kwa wafanyakazi wapatao 70,000, idadi ambayo ni sawa na asilimia 41 ya watu wanaojihusisha moja kwa moja na kilimo cha umwagiliaji nchini. === Kilimo cha kikaboni === [[Faili:AUSAID_KENYA_(10671814504).jpg|thumb|270x270px|Mkulima Mkenya anaonyesha baadhi ya vitunguu alivyolima ili kuuza kwenye shamba lake karibu na [[Gilgil]] . Mkulima huyo ni sehemu ya mradi unaofadhiliwa na AusAID .]] Kwa kawaida, zao la viazi vitamu huzalishwa kwa njia za kikaboni (organically) barani Afrika. Katika utafiti uliofanywa na Macharia (2004), wakulima waliohojiwa walieleza upendeleo wa kupanda viazi kwenye vilima (mounds) badala ya matuta (ridges) kama mbinu ya kupunguza nguvu kazi inayohitajika kwa ajili ya palizi. Wakulima hao walibaini kuwa mfumo wa vilima huchochea uzalishaji wa mizizi mikubwa na ni rahisi kutekeleza bila kuhitaji mbolea za chumvichumvi au viuatilifu vya kemikali. Aidha, kilimo hiki cha kikaboni kinasisitiza matumizi ya mzunguko wa mazao na matandazo (mulches) kama njia mbadala za kudhibiti waharibifu na kuhifadhi rutuba ya udongo. Kwa mujibu wa Shirika la Chakula na Kilimo la Umoja wa Mataifa, Kenya haikuwa na eneo lolote la kilimo lililoidhinishwa rasmi kwa uzalishaji wa kikaboni mnamo mwaka 2003, licha ya kuwa wakulima wengi tayari walikuwa wakitekeleza mbinu za kilimo hai katika shughuli zao. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Environmental and social standards, certification and labelling for cash crops|last=Dankers, Cora Liu, Pascal|date=2003|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|isbn=92-5-105068-6|oclc=474270200}}</ref> === Ukuaji uliobadilishwa vinasaba === Wakulima wengi nchini Kenya hulifananisha mahindi yaliyobadilishwa vinasaba (GMO) yanayowasilishwa na Marekani na "Farasi wa Trojan" (Trojan Horse), wakihofia madhara ya muda mrefu yaliyofichika. Ingawa matumizi na uingizaji wa bidhaa za GMO yamepigwa marufuku kisheria nchini Kenya, serikali ya Marekani imeendelea kusambaza mahindi hayo nchini kupitia programu za misaada ya kibinadamu. <ref>Black, R. (9 August 2004). Struggling to find GM's middle ground. Retrieved 1 June 2008, from {{Dead link|date=September 2025}}</ref> Wakenya pamoja na mataifa mengine ya Afrika, ikiwemo [[Malawi]] na [[Zimbabwe]], husindika mahindi kuwa unga kabla ya kuanza zoezi la usambazaji. Baadhi ya wanaharakati wanadai kuwa Marekani inatuma chakula kilichobadilishwa vinasaba (GMO) kwa makusudi kama msaada wa kibinadamu ili kudhoofisha soko la nje la bidhaa za kikaboni, hatua inayolengo kuishawishi Ulaya kuanza kununua bidhaa kutoka Marekani. Aidha, baadhi ya wakulima wanakosa uelewa kuhusu teknolojia ya GMO, huku wengine—kama alivyobainisha Hollie—wakikabiliwa na umaskini uliokithiri unaowazuia kufanya maamuzi mbadala. === Kilimo cha chafu === Ili kuchochea kasi ya uzalishaji na kuimarisha faida, wakulima wadogo wengi nchini Kenya wameanza kutekeleza kilimo cha kitalu. Baadhi ya mazao maarufu yanayozalishwa kupitia mbinu hii ya kitalu ni pamoja na matikiti maji, pilipili hoho, pamoja na nyanya. Kilimo cha kitalu (greenhouse farming) nchini Kenya huwawezesha wakulima kupunguza matumizi ya pembejeo za kilimo, zikiwemo nguvu kazi na mbolea, huku kikirahisisha udhibiti wa visumbufu na magonjwa. Kenya imeainishwa kama nchi yenye uhaba wa rasilimali za maji, huku sehemu kubwa ya ardhi yake ikiwa haina sifa stahiki kwa ajili ya kilimo cha tija. Kutokana na changamoto hizo, vimelea vingi vya kitalu nchini hutumia mifumo ya umwagiliaji wa matone ili kuboresha matumizi ya maji yaliyopo na kusambaza virutubisho kwa mazao kwa ufanisi mkubwa. == Mpango wa ekari milioni == David Gordon Hines alitumwa na serikali ya Uingereza kati ya mwaka 1954 na 1962 kutoa ushauri wa kitaalamu kwa Waziri wa Kilimo wa Kenya kuhusiana na "Mpango wa Ekari Milioni". Mpango huo ulikusudia kununua mashamba yaliyomilikiwa na walowezi, hususan yaliyoko katika maeneo ya Nyanda za Juu za Kenya. == Utafiti wa kilimo unaofanywa na taasisi za serikali == Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Kilimo nchini Kenya (KARI) imeidhinishwa kisheria kutekeleza tafiti zote muhimu katika sekta ya kilimo. KARI hutumika kama chombo cha kitaifa kinachoratibu programu za utafiti wa mazao ya chakula, mazao ya bustani, mazao ya biashara, pamoja na usimamizi wa mifugo na nyanda za malisho, rasilimali za ardhi na maji, na masuala ya kijamii na kiuchumi. Aidha, taasisi hii inahamasisha utafiti bora, ugunduzi na uenezaji wa teknolojia ili kuhakikisha uwepo wa usalama wa chakula kupitia uimarishaji wa tija na uhifadhi wa mazingira. KARI ilianzishwa mnamo mwaka 1979 kama taasisi ya serikali inayojitegemea kiasi. Taasisi hiyo mpya ilirithi na kuendeleza shughuli za kitafiti kutoka kwa mashirika yaliyotangulia, ikiwemo Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Misitu la Afrika Mashariki (EAAFRO), Shirika la Utafiti wa Mifugo la Afrika Mashariki (EAAVRO), na hatimaye kutoka Wizara za Kilimo na Maendeleo ya Mifugo. Mnamo mwaka 1986, Serikali ya Kenya ilitambua uzito wa changamoto zinazozuia uzalishaji wa chakula wa muda mrefu nchini. Katika hatua za hivi karibuni, Taasisi ya Uzalishaji wa Chanjo za Mifugo ya Kenya (KEVEVAPI) na Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Tripanosomiasis ya Kenya (KETRI) zimeunganishwa ndani ya KARI. Uamuzi huu ulitokana na utambuzi wa serikali kuhusu umuhimu wa kuimarisha mfumo wa utafiti wa kilimo ili kuunda mfumo thabiti wa kitaasisi utakaosimamia, kupanga upya, na kuunganisha tafiti za kilimo nchini kwa ufanisi zaidi. Kupitia Sheria ya Bunge, Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Mifugo nchini Kenya (KALRO) lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka 2013. Shirika hili liliundwa kwa kuunganisha taasisi za KARI, Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Kahawa, Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Chai, na Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Sukari, huku likiwa na mamlaka ya kusimamia taasisi 18 za utafiti.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.parliament.go.ke/plone/statutory-documents/kenya-agricultural-and-livestock-research-act-no-17-of-2013/view|title=Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act (No 17 of 2013)|publisher=[[Parliament of Kenya]]|accessdate=17 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331040720/http://www.parliament.go.ke/plone/statutory-documents/kenya-agricultural-and-livestock-research-act-no-17-of-2013/view|archivedate=31 March 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.kalro.org/|title=Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organisation|accessdate=17 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823020414/http://www.kalro.org/|archivedate=23 August 2019}}</ref> Taasisi hii mpya ina msingi wa rasilimali (assets) zenye thamani ya KSh bilioni 28 na mtaji wa hisa (equity) wa KSh bilioni 27.9, ikiwa na jumla ya wafanyakazi 3,294. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000131896/kari-merged-with-3-others-to-create-research-body|title=Kari merged with 3 others to create research body|work=[[Standard Digital News]]|date=19 August 2014|accessdate=17 November 2014}}</ref> Aidha, serikali imeanzisha taasisi mbalimbali za kitaaluma ili kusaidia miradi ya kitafiti inayolenga kupunguza umaskini, kutatua changamoto ya ukosefu wa ajira, na kupambana na utapiamlo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000165958/egerton-university-sets-up-website-for-livestock-farming|title=Egerton University sets up website for livestock farming|author=Mkawale|first=Steve|work=The Standard|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-21}}</ref> Mfano wa taasisi hizo ni [[Chuo Kikuu cha Egerton|Chuo Kikuu cha Egerton,]] ambacho kiliidhinishwa mahususi kwa ajili ya madhumuni ya utafiti wa kitalaamu katika sekta ya kilimo. == Uvuvi == Sekta ya uvuvi wa pwani imekabiliwa na upungufu wa rasilimali za samaki. Katika kukabiliana na hali hiyo, jamii ya [[kijiji]] cha Kuruwitu katika [[Kaunti ya Kilifi]] ilianzisha eneo maalum lililotengwa ambalo haliruhusiwi kufanya uvuvi mnamo mwaka 2003, linalofahamika kama "tengefu". Jitihada hizo zilipata uungwaji mkono rasmi kutoka kwa serikali kuu kati ya mwaka 2007 na 2008. Mtindo huu umesambaa kwa kasi, ambapo kwa sasa kuna jumla ya tengefu 22 kando ya pwani ya Kenya. Utaratibu huu unatokana na mbinu za jadi za usimamizi wa rasilimali ambazo, kabla ya miaka ya 1920, zilihusisha ufungaji wa msimu wa maeneo ya uvuvi ili kulinda mazalia ya samaki. Licha ya kuwepo kwa matokeo ya namna mbalimbali, baadhi ya maeneo hayo ya tengefu yameshuhudia ufufuo mkubwa wa miamba ya matumbawe na kuongezeka kwa wingi wa samaki. == Tazama pia == * Wizara ya Kilimo (Kenya) * [[Uchumi wa Kenya]] * Sekta ya Kahawa ya Kenya * Ufugaji wa kuku nchini Kenya * Uzalishaji wa Chai nchini Kenya * Kilimo cha Biashara nchini Kenya == Marejeleo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190823020414/http://www.kalro.org/ Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Mifugo la Kenya] '''Mashirika ya serikali ya kilimo ya nchi Kenya''' - [https://web.archive.org/web/20081113033437/http://www.kenya.go.ke/ tovuti kuu ya serikali ya Kenya] * [http://www.fao.org/mafap/ FAO: Kufuatilia Sera za Chakula na Kilimo za Afrika] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090808081351/http://www.adc.co.ke/ Shirika la Maendeleo ya Kilimo] * [http://www.agrifinance.org Shirika la Fedha za Kilimo] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081005003511/http://www.coffeeboard.co.ke/ Bodi ya Kahawa ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090228224643/http://www.hcda.or.ke/ Mamlaka ya Maendeleo ya Mazao ya Bustani] * [http://www.kdb.co.ke Bodi ya Maziwa ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205165507/http://www.kenyaflowers.co.ke/ Baraza la Maua la Kenya] * [http://www.kefri.org/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Misitu ya Kenya] * [http://www.kmfri.co.ke/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Baharini na Uvuvi ya Kenya] Archived * [http://www.kephis.org Huduma ya Ukaguzi wa Afya ya Mimea Kenya] * [http://www.kenyasugar.co.ke Bodi ya Sukari ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090810084507/http://www.kesref.org/ Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Sukari wa Kenya] * [http://www.ncpb.co.ke/ Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Nafaka na Mazao] * [http://www.nib.or.ke Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Umwagiliaji] * [http://www.newkcc.co.ke/ Vipodozi vya Ushirika vya New Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181013100510/http://www.pcpb.or.ke/ Bodi ya Bidhaa za Kudhibiti Wadudu] * [http://www.kenya-pyrethrum.com/ Bodi ya Pareto ya Kenya] * [http://www.teaboard.or.ke Bodi ya Chai ya Kenya] * [http://www.tearesearch.or.ke/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Chai ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151008060329/http://www.latestjobsinkenya.com/tomato-farming-in-kenya-increase-tomato-farming-profit/ Kilimo cha Nyanya nchini Kenya] {{Mada Kuhusu Kenya}}{{Africa topic|Agriculture in}} m1l4l6i0igscxg645lihjf6me4pojuo 1542540 1542524 2026-05-14T07:34:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1542540 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Potatoes_from_a_Kenyan_farm.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Viazi vilivyovunwa kutoka shamba la Kenya.]] Sekta ya [[kilimo]] ndiyo muhimili mkuu wa [[uchumi wa Kenya]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-06-05|title=Agriculture, Food and Water Security|url=https://www.usaid.gov/kenya/agriculture-food-and-water-security#:~:text=OVERVIEW,percent%20of%20the%20rural%20population.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226162312/https://www.usaid.gov/kenya/agriculture-food-and-water-security#:~:text=OVERVIEW,percent%20of%20the%20rural%20population.|archivedate=26 February 2023|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=U.S. Agency for International Development|language=en}}</ref> Ni takriban asilimia 15 mpaka 17 tu ya eneo lote la nchi yenye rutuba na mvua ya kutosha kwa ajili ya shughuli za ukulima, huku kiasi kidogo cha asilimia 7 mpaka 8 kikielezwa kuwa ardhi ya daraja la kwanza. Takwimu za mwaka 2006 zinaonyesha kuwa takriban asilimia 75 ya nguvu kazi nchini Kenya ilitegemea kilimo kwa ajili ya kujikimu, ikiwa ni upungufu kidogo kutoka asilimia 80 iliyorekodiwa mnamo mwaka 1980.<ref name="cp" /> Aidha, karibu nusu ya jumla ya uzalishaji wa kilimo nchini unajumuisha kilimo cha kujikimu ambacho mazao yake hayafikishwi sokoni kwa ajili ya biashara. <ref name="cp" /> Sekta ya kilimo ndiyo mchangiaji mkuu wa Pato la Taifa (GDP) nchini [[Kenya]]. Takwimu za mwaka 2005 zinaonyesha kuwa kilimo, kikijumuisha misitu na uvuvi, kilichangia takriban asilimia 24 ya Pato la Taifa, kikitoa asilimia 18 ya ajira za mshahara na kuzalisha asilimia 50 ya mapato yote yatokanayo na mauzo ya nje. <ref name="cp" /> Kilimo ndiyo sekta kuu ya kiuchumi nchini Kenya, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya at a glance {{!}} FAO in Kenya {{!}} Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|url=https://www.fao.org/kenya/fao-in-kenya/kenya-at-a-glance/en/|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=www.fao.org}}</ref> icha ya kuwa chini ya asilimia 8 ya ardhi yote hutumika kwa ajili ya uzalishaji wa mazao na malisho, huku kiasi kisichozidi asilimia 20 ya ardhi nchini kikielezwa kufaa kwa shughuli za ukulima. Kenya ni miongoni mwa wazalishaji wakubwa duniani wa chai <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=cycles|first=This text provides general information Statista assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct Due to varying update|title=Topic: Tea industry in Kenya|url=https://www.statista.com/topics/8363/tea-industry-in-kenya/#:~:text=Kenya%20is%20one%20of%20the,far%20the%20main%20tea%20producer.|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=Statista|language=en}}</ref> na kahawa, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=World Coffee Research {{!}} Kenya|url=https://worldcoffeeresearch.org/focus-countries/kenya|accessdate=2025-01-08|work=World Coffee Research|language=en-US}}</ref> na pia inashika nafasi ya tatu kwa mauzo ya nje ya mazao ya bustani , kama vile kabichi, vitunguu, na maembe. Wakulima wadogo ndio wazalishaji wakuu wa mahindi, pamoja na mazao mengine muhimu kama viazi, ndizi, maharagwe, njegere, na pilipili. == Historia == [[Faili:Agricultural_output_Kenya.svg|thumb|300x300px|Maendeleo ya pato la kilimo nchini Kenya mwaka wa 2015 Dola za Marekani tangu 1961]] === Kipindi cha kabla ya ukoloni === Kabla ya kuingia kwa wakoloni kutoka Ulaya, mifumo ya kilimo katika maeneo ya bara nchini Kenya iligawanywa kati ya jamii za wakulima na wafugaji. Jamii za Kibantu, zilizohamia katika ukanda huu kufikia milenia ya kwanza BK, zilianzisha teknolojia ya uhunzi wa chuma na kilimo cha makazi, huku zikizalisha mazao kama vile mtama, mchele na kunde. <ref name="fao-hist2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya at a glance|url=https://www.fao.org/kenya/fao-in-kenya/kenya-at-a-glance/en/|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Food and Agriculture Organization}}</ref> Kinyume chake, jamii za Waniloti na Wakushi zilitegemea mifumo mbalimbali ya ufugaji wa kuhamahama, wakimiliki mifugo kama vile ng'ombe, mbuzi na kondoo. Jamii hizi mara nyingi zilishirikiana kupitia biashara ya kubadilishana bidhaa (barter trade), ambapo mazao ya mifugo yalibadilishwa kwa nafaka katika maeneo ya mipakani kama vile [[Thika]] na [[Limuru]]. <ref name="ossrea2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Pre-Colonial Period|url=http://ossrea.net/publications/images/stories/ossrea/env-kenya-part-2.pdf|accessdate=2026-05-13|publisher=OSSREA}}</ref> === Enzi ya Ukoloni (1895–1963) === Sera ya kilimo wakati wa utawala wa kikoloni wa Uingereza iliandaliwa kwa misingi ya kupokonya ardhi yenye rutuba kwa ajili ya walowezi wa Kiamerika na Ulaya. Kufikia mwaka wa 1902, utawala wa Uingereza ulianza kuhamasisha walowezi wa Kizungu kumiliki maeneo ya "Nyanda za Juu za Wazungu", ukanda wenye ardhi yenye tija kubwa ambao umiliki wake ulitengwa kisheria kwa ajili ya Wazungu pekee. <ref name="boa2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenya Under Colonial Rule, 1907–1964|url=https://britishonlinearchives.com/collections/72/kenya-under-colonial-rule-in-government-reports-1907-1964|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=British Online Archives}}</ref> Katika kipindi hiki, utawala wa kikoloni ulianzisha uzalishaji wa mazao makuu ya biashara: * '''Kahawa:''' Zao hili lilianzishwa nchini kwa mara ya kwanza na wamisionari wa Shirika la Roho Mtakatifu (Holy Ghost Fathers) kutoka Ufaransa katika eneo la Bura, Milima ya Taita mnamo mwaka 1893. <ref name="khist2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=The History of Coffee and Tea Farming in Kenya|url=https://kenyanhistory.com/the-history-of-coffee-and-tea-farming-in-kenya/|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Kenyan History}}</ref> * '''Chai:''' Miche ya kwanza ya chai ilipandwa katika eneo la Limuru mnamo mwaka 1903 na G.W.L. Caine, huku uzalishaji wa zao hilo kwa kiwango cha kibiashara ukianza rasmi mnamo mwaka 1924. <ref name="khist2" /> * '''Mkonge na Pareto''': Mazao haya pia yalichomoza na kuwa miongoni mwa vyanzo vikuu vya mapato ya kigeni vilivyochochea ukuaji wa uchumi wa kikoloni. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-06-29|title=Pioneer farmers: Rise and fall of pyrethrum as top-earning cash crop|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/business/seeds-of-gold/pioneer-farmers-rise-and-fall-of-pyrethrum-as-top-earning-cash-crop-244280|accessdate=2026-05-13|work=Daily Nation|language=en}}</ref> Kwa miongo kadhaa, wakulima wa Kiafrika walizuiwa kisheria kujihusisha na kilimo cha mazao ya biashara yenye tija kubwa kama vile kahawa na chai. Hatua hiyo ililenga kudhibiti ushindani wa kibiashara na kuhakikisha kuwepo kwa utiririko wa nguvu kazi ya gharama nafuu kwa ajili ya mashamba makubwa ya walowezi. <ref name="boa2"/> ==== Mpango wa Swynnerton (1954) ==== Kufuatia mripuko wa [[Uasi wa Maumau|uasi wa Mau Mau]], utawala wa kikoloni uliidhinisha Mpango wa Swynnerton (Swynnerton Plan) mnamo mwaka 1954 kwa lengo la kuunda tabaka la kati la Waafrika wenye msimamo wa wastani. Mpango huo, uliopendekezwa na Roger Swynnerton, ulilenga kuleta mapinduzi katika kilimo cha wenyeji kwa kuwaruhusu Wakenya asilia kuzalisha mazao ya biashara kwa mara ya kwanza, huku ukianzisha mfumo wa ujumuishaji wa mashamba na usajili rasmi wa milki za ardhi. Hatua hii ilichochea ukuaji wa kasi wa thamani ya uzalishaji wa wakulima wadogo wa Kiafrika, ambapo mapato yaliongezeka kutoka pauni milioni 5.2 mnamo mwaka 1955 hadi kufikia pauni milioni 14 ifikapo mwaka 1964. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/156171468741677406/pdf/377580vol102.pdf|title=Agriculture in Kenya: Developments and Prospects|publisher=World Bank|access-date=13 May 2026}}</ref> === Baada ya uhuru (1963–sasa) === Baada ya kupata uhuru mnamo mwaka wa 1963, serikali ya Kenya ilitilia mkazo mageuzi ya ardhi na mkakati wa "Uafrikishaji" wa sekta ya kilimo. Chini ya ushauri wa David Gordon Hines, serikali ilitekeleza Mpango wa Ekari Milioni, uliowezesha ununuzi wa mashamba yaliyomilikiwa na walowezi katika maeneo ya Nyanda za Juu kwa ajili ya kuwapa makazi na fursa za uzalishaji wakulima wadogo wa Kiafrika. Kipindi cha baada ya ukoloni kilishuhudia wakulima wadogo wakichomoza na kuwa injini kuu ya ukuaji wa uchumi wa taifa. Kuanzishwa kwa Wakala wa Maendeleo ya Chai nchini Kenya (KTDA) mnamo mwaka 1964 kuliiwezesha Kenya kuwa muuzaji mkuu wa chai nyeusi duniani kupitia utoaji wa huduma za ugani na usaidizi kwa mamilioni ya wakulima wadogo. Licha ya sekta hiyo kukumbwa na misukosuko katika miongo ya 1980 na 1990 kutokana na kuyumba kwa bei katika soko la kimataifa pamoja na utekelezaji wa Programu za Marekebisho ya Kimuundo (SAPs) zilizopendekezwa na [[Benki ya Dunia]], kilimo kinaendelea kusalia kuwa uti wa mgongo wa uchumi wa Kenya katika karne ya 21. <ref name="tandf2">{{Rejea jarida |year=1995 |title=Evolution of Kenyan agricultural policy |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03768359508439833 |journal=Development Southern Africa}}</ref> == Uzalishaji == [[Faili:Sugarcane_in_Migori.jpg|thumb|Uvunaji wa Miwa huko migori, Kenya]] Kenya ilizalisha mwaka wa 2018: * Tani milioni 5.2 za miwa ; * Tani milioni 4 za [[Muhindi|mahindi]] ; * Tani milioni 1.8 za [[Kiazi cha kizungu|viazi]] ; * Tani milioni 1.4 za [[ndizi]] ; * Tani 946,000 za [[Muhogo|mihogo]] ; * Tani 871,000 za [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] ; * Tani 775,000 za [[Embe|maembe]] (ikiwa ni pamoja na mangosteen na [[Pera|guava]] ); * Tani 765,000 za maharagwe ; * Tani 599,000 za [[Mnyanya|nyanya]] ; * Tani 674,000 za [[kabichi]] ; * Tani 492,000 za [[chai]] (mzalishaji wa tatu kwa ukubwa duniani, akipoteza China na India pekee); * Tani 349,000 za [[Nanasi|mananasi]] ; * Tani 336,000 za [[ngano]] ; * Tani 239,000 za [[karoti]] ; * Tani 233,000 za [[Mparachichi|parachichi]] ; * Tani 206,000 za [[mtama]] ; * Tani 188,000 za [[Tikitimaji|tikiti maji]] ; * Tani 179,000 za [[Mkunde|kunde]] ; * Tani 169,000 za mchicha ; Pamoja na mazao makuu, sekta ya kilimo nchini inajumuisha pia uzalishaji wa kiwango cha kati wa bidhaa nyinginezo, ikiwemo papai (tani 131,000), nazi (tani 92,000), pamoja na kahawa (tani 41,000). == Bidhaa za kilimo == [[Faili:Papaya_fruit_in_Kenya.jpg|thumb|Matunda ya Papai]] === Miwa === alishaji wa miwa nchini unakabiliwa na changamoto ya wadudu aina ya vipekecha shina <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002">{{Rejea jarida |last=Kfir |first=Rami |last2=Overholt |first2=W. A. |last3=Khan |first3=Z. R. |last4=Polaszek |first4=A. |year=2002 |title=Biology and Management of Economically Important Lepidopteran Cereal Stem Borers in Africa |journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] |publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=701–731 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145254 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=11729089}}</ref> ''Chilo partellus'' ni aina ya kipekecha shina vamizi mwenye asili ya Pakistan, ambaye amechukua nafasi ya mdudu mzawa, ''C. orichalcociliellus'', katika baadhi ya maeneo ya nchi, ingawa hajafanikiwa kumuangamiza kikamilifu. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Chilo partellus'' ni aina ya kipekecha shina vamizi mwenye asili ya Pakistan, ambaye amechukua nafasi ya mdudu mzawa, ''C. orichalcociliellus'', katika baadhi ya maeneo ya nchi, ingawa hajafanikiwa kumuangamiza kikamilifu <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Cotesia flavipes ni aina ya nyigu vimelea (parasitoid) mwenye asili ya Pakistan—eneo ambalo pia ni chimbuko la C. partellus—ambaye aliingizwa nchini na Overholt na wenzake kama mbinu ya udhibiti wa kibiolojia''. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002"/> Katika msimu wa kwanza baada ya kuachiliwa kwake, Overholt na wenzake (1994) walibaini kipekecha shina mmoja tu aliyekuwa amevamiwa na vimelea hivyo, licha ya kufanya uchunguzi wa kina. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> Tafiti za mwaka 1995 na 1996 zilionyesha mafanikio madogo tu; hata hivyo, <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ghafla mnamo mwaka 1997, Overholt na wenzake walirekodi ongezeko kubwa la uvamizi wa vimelea hivyo (parasitism), huku Zhou na wenzake (2001) wakithibitisha kuendelea kwa kasi hiyo ya ukuaji hadi kufikia mwaka 1999. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> ''Sesamia calamistis ni aina nyingine ya kipekecha shina anayeshambulia zao la miwa nchini Kenya.'' <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002"/> Mdudu huyu anadhibitiwa na ''Cotesia sesamiae'', ambaye ni nyigu vimelea (parasitoid) anayepatikana nchini. Vimelea hivi hushambulia na kuishi ndani ya mabuu (larvae) ya ''S.<ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" />calamistis'', jambo linalosaidia kudhibiti idadi ya waharibifu hao katika mfumo wa ikolojia wa mashamba ya miwa. <ref name="Kfir-et-al-2002" /> === Viazi vitamu === [[Faili:Four_men_harvesting_red_sweet_potato_at_daytime.jpg|thumb|Mahali pa picha ya viazi vitamu vyekundu haijulikani]] Aina kuu za viazi vitamu zinazozalishwa na wakulima nchini Kenya ni zile zenye rangi nyeupe, nyekundu, na zambarau. Hata hivyo, umaarufu wa [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] vya rangi ya machungwa umekua kwa kasi kufuatia hatua ya wataalamu wa lishe kuvitangaza kama chanzo muhimu cha [[Vitamini A]], kirutubisho ambacho mara nyingi hukosekana katika mlo wa kawaida wa Wakenya. Ingawa upungufu wa Vitamini A hauchukuliwi kama tatizo linalosababisha kifo cha moja kwa moja, hali hiyo hudhoofisha mfumo wa kinga mwilini na kumfanya mtu kuwa katika hatari ya kuugua surua, malaria, na kuhara, pamoja na uwezekano wa kusababisha upofu. <ref name="nel" /> Licha ya jitihada za kuzalisha mimea yenye usugu kamili, mafanikio yaliyopatikana hadi sasa ni madogo. Kutokana na hali hiyo, nguvu kazi sasa inaelekezwa katika mbinu za "usugu bandia", zinazojumuisha upunguzaji wa athari za fukusi kupitia ukuzaji wa aina za viazi zinazotoa mizizi ndani zaidi ardhini pamoja na matumizi ya mbegu za msimu mfupi, ambazo hukaa shambani kwa muda mchache na hivyo kuepuka mashambulizi ya muda mrefu ya wadudu. Katika maeneo ambapo wakulima huvuna viazi vitamu kidogo kidogo (piecemeal harvesting), hasara ya mazao inaweza kufikia asilimia 10 kutokana na magonjwa na fukusi, huku mashambulizi ya mende waharibifu yakiwa na uwezo wa kuteketeza mashamba yote ya viazi vitamu. === Maua === [[Faili:Naivasha_ast_2008033_lrg.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mabanda ya maua karibu na [[Ziwa Naivasha]] . Maua mapya yanachangia takriban 10% ya mauzo ya nje ya Kenya.]] Kenya inashika nafasi ya tatu duniani kwa uuzaji wa maua nje ya nchi. Takriban nusu ya mashamba 127 ya maua nchini yamejikita katika ukanda wa Ziwa Naivasha, umbali wa kilomita 90 kaskazini magharibi mwa jiji la [[Nairobi]]. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> Ili kurahisisha na kuharakisha usafirishaji wa bidhaa hizi katika masoko ya kimataifa, Uwanja wa Ndege wa Kimataifa wa Jomo Kenyatta una kituo maalum (dedicated terminal) kilichotengwa kwa ajili ya usafirishaji wa maua na mbogamboga pekee. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> Kwa mujibu wa Baraza la Maua nchini Kenya (KFC), tasnia ya maua inatoa ajira za moja kwa moja kwa watu 90,000, huku takriban watu wengine 500,000 wakiajiriwa isivyo rasmi kupitia huduma za usaidizi Maua yanayotoka nchini Kenya yanachukua kati ya asilimia 30 hadi 35 ya maua yote yanayouzwa kwa mnada [[Ulaya|barani Ulaya]] . <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> idha, bidhaa za maua ya waridi, karafuu, na maua ya msimu wa joto (summer flowers) kutoka Kenya yanapata umaarufu mkubwa katika masoko ya Urusi na Marekani. <ref name="kenya-flower-industry" /> === Kahawa === Wakulima wadogo wana uwezo wa kuongeza tija ya mazao yao kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa kuzingatia miongozo rahisi ya kilimo bora, kama vile mbinu sahihi za kupogoa. Ingawa awali wengi husita kutekeleza mbinu hizi kwa kudhani kuwa ni kinyume na mazoea, maarifa hayo husambaa kwa kasi pindi wakulima wanaposhuhudia ongezeko la mavuno kutoka kwa majirani waliofuata miongozo hiyo. == Mbinu za kilimo == === Ukuaji wa kawaida === [[Faili:Women_smallholder_farmers_in_Kenya.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Wakulima wadogo nchini Kenya.]] Kutokana na athari za wadudu, magonjwa, na kupungua kwa rutuba ya udongo, wakulima hutumia mbinu ya mzunguko wa mazao kwa kiwango kikubwa, ambapo shamba hutumiwa kwa kilimo cha [[Kiazi kitamu|viazi vitamu]] mara moja tu katika kila miaka mitano bila kurudia zao hilo kwa misimu miwili mfululizo. Upandaji wa mpunga kati ya misimu miwili ya viazi vitamu umependekezwa kwa muda mrefu kama mbinu mbadala; tafiti zinaonyesha kuwa kiwango cha uvamizi wa fukusi wa viazi vitamu hupungua pindi mazao hayo yanapopandwa katika mashamba jirani. Aidha, upungufu wa uharibifu wa fukusi ulizingatiwa wakati viazi vitamu vilipopandwa mchanganyiko na mtama wa "proso" pamoja na ufuta, ingawa uzalishaji wa viazi vitamu ulipungua kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na uwezo wa viazi hivyo kuzuia uotaji wa mtama. Mifumo hii ya mzunguko wa mazao na mbinu za upandaji ni maarufu sana katika sekta ya kilimo barani Afrika. Udhibiti wa magugu unahitaji uwekezaji mkubwa wa nguvu kazi kwa saa nyingi za kazi ya mikono. Ukuaji wa magugu usiodhibitiwa unaweza kupunguza tija ya mazao kwa kiasi cha hadi asilimia 60. Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hiyo, baadhi ya wakulima huamua kupunguza ukubwa wa eneo la uzalishaji, hatua ambayo pia husababisha kupungua kwa jumla ya mavuno; huku matumizi ya dawa za kuulia magugu (herbicides) yakiwa nje ya uwezo wa kifedha wa wakulima wadogo wengi. Aidha, mmea wa viazi vitamu unapozalishwa kwa kutumia miche ileile kwa misimu kadhaa mfululizo, tija hupungua huku mrundikano wa virusi ukiongezeka, ingawa vimelea hivyo vinaweza kudhibitiwa kupitia matibabu ya joto. === Umwagiliaji === Mfumo wa [[umwagiliaji]] nchini Kenya umegawanywa katika makundi makuu matatu ya kiutawala: miradi ya wakulima wadogo, miradi ya umma inayosimamiwa na mamlaka kuu ya serikali, pamoja na miradi ya umwagiliaji ya kampuni binafsi na kibiashara. Miradi ya wakulima wadogo inamilikiwa, kuandaliwa, na kusimamiwa na watu binafsi au vyama vya wakulima vinavyoendeshwa kama asasi za watumiaji maji au vikundi vya kujiendeleza. Shughuli za umwagiliaji hufanyika katika mashamba ya mmoja mmoja au ya pamoja yenye wastani wa ukubwa wa hekta 0.1 hadi 0.4. Kwa sasa, kuna takriban miradi 3,000 ya umwagiliaji ya wakulima wadogo inayojumuisha jumla ya hekta 47,000, kiwango ambacho ni sawa na asilimia 42 ya maeneo yote ya umwagiliaji nchini. Miradi hii ndiyo chanzo kikuu cha mazao ya bustani yanayosambazwa katika vituo vya mijini kote nchini [[Kenya]]. Nchi hii ina jumla ya miradi saba mikubwa ya umwagiliaji inayosimamiwa na mamlaka kuu, ambayo ni [[Mwea]], [[Bura, Tana River|Bura]], Hola, [[Perkerra]], West Kano, Bunyala, na [[Ahero|Ahero.]] Miradi hiyo inajumuisha eneo la uzalishaji la hekta 18,200, ikiwa na wastani wa hekta 2,600 kwa kila mradi. Inasimamiwa na Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Umwagiliaji na inachangia asilimia 18 ya eneo lote linalomwagiliwa nchini Kenya. Hapo awali, serikali ilitekeleza na kusimamia miradi hiyo ya kitaifa huku wakulima wakishiriki kama wapangaji. Hata hivyo, kuanzia mwaka 2003, NIB ilikabidhi majukumu mengi ya huduma kwa wadau, isipokuwa masuala ya uendelezaji, uendeshaji na matengenezo, pamoja na ukarabati wa miundombinu mikuu ya umwagiliaji. Mashamba makubwa ya kibiashara ya kibinafsi yanajumuisha eneo la hekta 45,000, kiwango kinachochangia asilimia 40 ya ardhi yote ya umwagiliaji nchini. Mashamba haya yanatumia teknolojia ya kisasa katika uzalishaji wa mazao yenye thamani kubwa kwa ajili ya masoko ya kimataifa, hususan maua na mbogamboga. Aidha, sekta hii inatoa ajira kwa wafanyakazi wapatao 70,000, idadi ambayo ni sawa na asilimia 41 ya watu wanaojihusisha moja kwa moja na kilimo cha umwagiliaji nchini. === Kilimo cha kikaboni === [[Faili:AUSAID_KENYA_(10671814504).jpg|thumb|270x270px|Mkulima Mkenya anaonyesha baadhi ya vitunguu alivyolima ili kuuza kwenye shamba lake karibu na [[Gilgil]] . Mkulima huyo ni sehemu ya mradi unaofadhiliwa na AusAID .]] Kwa kawaida, zao la viazi vitamu huzalishwa kwa njia za kikaboni (organically) barani Afrika. Katika utafiti uliofanywa na Macharia (2004), wakulima waliohojiwa walieleza upendeleo wa kupanda viazi kwenye vilima (mounds) badala ya matuta (ridges) kama mbinu ya kupunguza nguvu kazi inayohitajika kwa ajili ya palizi. Wakulima hao walibaini kuwa mfumo wa vilima huchochea uzalishaji wa mizizi mikubwa na ni rahisi kutekeleza bila kuhitaji mbolea za chumvichumvi au viuatilifu vya kemikali. Aidha, kilimo hiki cha kikaboni kinasisitiza matumizi ya mzunguko wa mazao na matandazo (mulches) kama njia mbadala za kudhibiti waharibifu na kuhifadhi rutuba ya udongo. Kwa mujibu wa Shirika la Chakula na Kilimo la Umoja wa Mataifa, Kenya haikuwa na eneo lolote la kilimo lililoidhinishwa rasmi kwa uzalishaji wa kikaboni mnamo mwaka 2003, licha ya kuwa wakulima wengi tayari walikuwa wakitekeleza mbinu za kilimo hai katika shughuli zao. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title=Environmental and social standards, certification and labelling for cash crops|last=Dankers, Cora Liu, Pascal|date=2003|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|isbn=92-5-105068-6|oclc=474270200}}</ref> === Ukuaji uliobadilishwa vinasaba === Wakulima wengi nchini Kenya hulifananisha mahindi yaliyobadilishwa vinasaba (GMO) yanayowasilishwa na Marekani na "Farasi wa Trojan" (Trojan Horse), wakihofia madhara ya muda mrefu yaliyofichika. Ingawa matumizi na uingizaji wa bidhaa za GMO yamepigwa marufuku kisheria nchini Kenya, serikali ya Marekani imeendelea kusambaza mahindi hayo nchini kupitia programu za misaada ya kibinadamu. <ref>Black, R. (9 August 2004). Struggling to find GM's middle ground. Retrieved 1 June 2008, from {{Dead link|date=September 2025}}</ref> Wakenya pamoja na mataifa mengine ya Afrika, ikiwemo [[Malawi]] na [[Zimbabwe]], husindika mahindi kuwa unga kabla ya kuanza zoezi la usambazaji. Baadhi ya wanaharakati wanadai kuwa Marekani inatuma chakula kilichobadilishwa vinasaba (GMO) kwa makusudi kama msaada wa kibinadamu ili kudhoofisha soko la nje la bidhaa za kikaboni, hatua inayolengo kuishawishi Ulaya kuanza kununua bidhaa kutoka Marekani. Aidha, baadhi ya wakulima wanakosa uelewa kuhusu teknolojia ya GMO, huku wengine—kama alivyobainisha Hollie—wakikabiliwa na umaskini uliokithiri unaowazuia kufanya maamuzi mbadala. === Kilimo cha chafu === Ili kuchochea kasi ya uzalishaji na kuimarisha faida, wakulima wadogo wengi nchini Kenya wameanza kutekeleza kilimo cha kitalu. Baadhi ya mazao maarufu yanayozalishwa kupitia mbinu hii ya kitalu ni pamoja na matikiti maji, pilipili hoho, pamoja na nyanya. Kilimo cha kitalu (greenhouse farming) nchini Kenya huwawezesha wakulima kupunguza matumizi ya pembejeo za kilimo, zikiwemo nguvu kazi na mbolea, huku kikirahisisha udhibiti wa visumbufu na magonjwa. Kenya imeainishwa kama nchi yenye uhaba wa rasilimali za maji, huku sehemu kubwa ya ardhi yake ikiwa haina sifa stahiki kwa ajili ya kilimo cha tija. Kutokana na changamoto hizo, vimelea vingi vya kitalu nchini hutumia mifumo ya umwagiliaji wa matone ili kuboresha matumizi ya maji yaliyopo na kusambaza virutubisho kwa mazao kwa ufanisi mkubwa. == Mpango wa ekari milioni == David Gordon Hines alitumwa na serikali ya Uingereza kati ya mwaka 1954 na 1962 kutoa ushauri wa kitaalamu kwa Waziri wa Kilimo wa Kenya kuhusiana na "Mpango wa Ekari Milioni". Mpango huo ulikusudia kununua mashamba yaliyomilikiwa na walowezi, hususan yaliyoko katika maeneo ya Nyanda za Juu za Kenya. == Utafiti wa kilimo unaofanywa na taasisi za serikali == Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Kilimo nchini Kenya (KARI) imeidhinishwa kisheria kutekeleza tafiti zote muhimu katika sekta ya kilimo. KARI hutumika kama chombo cha kitaifa kinachoratibu programu za utafiti wa mazao ya chakula, mazao ya bustani, mazao ya biashara, pamoja na usimamizi wa mifugo na nyanda za malisho, rasilimali za ardhi na maji, na masuala ya kijamii na kiuchumi. Aidha, taasisi hii inahamasisha utafiti bora, ugunduzi na uenezaji wa teknolojia ili kuhakikisha uwepo wa usalama wa chakula kupitia uimarishaji wa tija na uhifadhi wa mazingira. KARI ilianzishwa mnamo mwaka 1979 kama taasisi ya serikali inayojitegemea kiasi. Taasisi hiyo mpya ilirithi na kuendeleza shughuli za kitafiti kutoka kwa mashirika yaliyotangulia, ikiwemo Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Misitu la Afrika Mashariki (EAAFRO), Shirika la Utafiti wa Mifugo la Afrika Mashariki (EAAVRO), na hatimaye kutoka Wizara za Kilimo na Maendeleo ya Mifugo. Mnamo mwaka 1986, Serikali ya Kenya ilitambua uzito wa changamoto zinazozuia uzalishaji wa chakula wa muda mrefu nchini. Katika hatua za hivi karibuni, Taasisi ya Uzalishaji wa Chanjo za Mifugo ya Kenya (KEVEVAPI) na Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Tripanosomiasis ya Kenya (KETRI) zimeunganishwa ndani ya KARI. Uamuzi huu ulitokana na utambuzi wa serikali kuhusu umuhimu wa kuimarisha mfumo wa utafiti wa kilimo ili kuunda mfumo thabiti wa kitaasisi utakaosimamia, kupanga upya, na kuunganisha tafiti za kilimo nchini kwa ufanisi zaidi. Kupitia Sheria ya Bunge, Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Mifugo nchini Kenya (KALRO) lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka 2013. Shirika hili liliundwa kwa kuunganisha taasisi za KARI, Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Kahawa, Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Chai, na Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Sukari, huku likiwa na mamlaka ya kusimamia taasisi 18 za utafiti.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.parliament.go.ke/plone/statutory-documents/kenya-agricultural-and-livestock-research-act-no-17-of-2013/view|title=Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act (No 17 of 2013)|publisher=[[Parliament of Kenya]]|accessdate=17 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331040720/http://www.parliament.go.ke/plone/statutory-documents/kenya-agricultural-and-livestock-research-act-no-17-of-2013/view|archivedate=31 March 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.kalro.org/|title=Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organisation|accessdate=17 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823020414/http://www.kalro.org/|archivedate=23 August 2019}}</ref> Taasisi hii mpya ina msingi wa rasilimali (assets) zenye thamani ya KSh bilioni 28 na mtaji wa hisa (equity) wa KSh bilioni 27.9, ikiwa na jumla ya wafanyakazi 3,294. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000131896/kari-merged-with-3-others-to-create-research-body|title=Kari merged with 3 others to create research body|work=[[Standard Digital News]]|date=19 August 2014|accessdate=17 November 2014}}</ref> Aidha, serikali imeanzisha taasisi mbalimbali za kitaaluma ili kusaidia miradi ya kitafiti inayolenga kupunguza umaskini, kutatua changamoto ya ukosefu wa ajira, na kupambana na utapiamlo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000165958/egerton-university-sets-up-website-for-livestock-farming|title=Egerton University sets up website for livestock farming|author=Mkawale|first=Steve|work=The Standard|language=en|accessdate=2020-02-21}}</ref> Mfano wa taasisi hizo ni [[Chuo Kikuu cha Egerton|Chuo Kikuu cha Egerton,]] ambacho kiliidhinishwa mahususi kwa ajili ya madhumuni ya utafiti wa kitalaamu katika sekta ya kilimo. == Uvuvi == Sekta ya uvuvi wa pwani imekabiliwa na upungufu wa rasilimali za samaki. Katika kukabiliana na hali hiyo, jamii ya [[kijiji]] cha Kuruwitu katika [[Kaunti ya Kilifi]] ilianzisha eneo maalum lililotengwa ambalo haliruhusiwi kufanya uvuvi mnamo mwaka 2003, linalofahamika kama "tengefu". Jitihada hizo zilipata uungwaji mkono rasmi kutoka kwa serikali kuu kati ya mwaka 2007 na 2008. Mtindo huu umesambaa kwa kasi, ambapo kwa sasa kuna jumla ya tengefu 22 kando ya pwani ya Kenya. Utaratibu huu unatokana na mbinu za jadi za usimamizi wa rasilimali ambazo, kabla ya miaka ya 1920, zilihusisha ufungaji wa msimu wa maeneo ya uvuvi ili kulinda mazalia ya samaki. Licha ya kuwepo kwa matokeo ya namna mbalimbali, baadhi ya maeneo hayo ya tengefu yameshuhudia ufufuo mkubwa wa miamba ya matumbawe na kuongezeka kwa wingi wa samaki. == Tazama pia == * Wizara ya Kilimo (Kenya) * [[Uchumi wa Kenya]] * Sekta ya Kahawa ya Kenya * Ufugaji wa kuku nchini Kenya * Uzalishaji wa Chai nchini Kenya * Kilimo cha Biashara nchini Kenya == Marejeleo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190823020414/http://www.kalro.org/ Shirika la Utafiti wa Kilimo na Mifugo la Kenya] '''Mashirika ya serikali ya kilimo ya nchi Kenya''' - [https://web.archive.org/web/20081113033437/http://www.kenya.go.ke/ tovuti kuu ya serikali ya Kenya] * [http://www.fao.org/mafap/ FAO: Kufuatilia Sera za Chakula na Kilimo za Afrika] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090808081351/http://www.adc.co.ke/ Shirika la Maendeleo ya Kilimo] * [http://www.agrifinance.org Shirika la Fedha za Kilimo] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081005003511/http://www.coffeeboard.co.ke/ Bodi ya Kahawa ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090228224643/http://www.hcda.or.ke/ Mamlaka ya Maendeleo ya Mazao ya Bustani] * [http://www.kdb.co.ke Bodi ya Maziwa ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205165507/http://www.kenyaflowers.co.ke/ Baraza la Maua la Kenya] * [http://www.kefri.org/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Misitu ya Kenya] * [http://www.kmfri.co.ke/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Baharini na Uvuvi ya Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kmfri.co.ke/ |date=20120421113809 }} Archived * [http://www.kephis.org Huduma ya Ukaguzi wa Afya ya Mimea Kenya] * [http://www.kenyasugar.co.ke Bodi ya Sukari ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090810084507/http://www.kesref.org/ Wakfu wa Utafiti wa Sukari wa Kenya] * [http://www.ncpb.co.ke/ Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Nafaka na Mazao] * [http://www.nib.or.ke Bodi ya Kitaifa ya Umwagiliaji] * [http://www.newkcc.co.ke/ Vipodozi vya Ushirika vya New Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181013100510/http://www.pcpb.or.ke/ Bodi ya Bidhaa za Kudhibiti Wadudu] * [http://www.kenya-pyrethrum.com/ Bodi ya Pareto ya Kenya] * [http://www.teaboard.or.ke Bodi ya Chai ya Kenya] * [http://www.tearesearch.or.ke/ Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Chai ya Kenya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151008060329/http://www.latestjobsinkenya.com/tomato-farming-in-kenya-increase-tomato-farming-profit/ Kilimo cha Nyanya nchini Kenya] {{Mada Kuhusu Kenya}}{{Africa topic|Agriculture in}} g9alzfyadnamvig0ztk3nwkql566m8e 0 234778 1542525 2026-05-14T06:56:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frederick D. J. Pangemanann''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Pangemanan'''; 1870–1910) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari na mwandishi wa riwaya kutoka Uhindi ya Mashariki ya [[Uholanzi]] (Dutch East Indies). == Wasifu == Frederick Pangemanann{{sfn|Serikat Penerbit Suratkabar|1971|p=98}} alizaliwa katika ukoo wa Pangemanan wa jamii ya Waminahasa mwaka 1870. Baadhi ya vyanzo vinasema kwamba alifanya kazi katika serikali ya kikoloni ya Uholanzi kabla ya kustaafu na...' 1542525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frederick D. J. Pangemanann''' (pia huandikwa kama '''Pangemanan'''; 1870–1910) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari na mwandishi wa riwaya kutoka Uhindi ya Mashariki ya [[Uholanzi]] (Dutch East Indies). == Wasifu == Frederick Pangemanann{{sfn|Serikat Penerbit Suratkabar|1971|p=98}} alizaliwa katika ukoo wa Pangemanan wa jamii ya Waminahasa mwaka 1870. Baadhi ya vyanzo vinasema kwamba alifanya kazi katika serikali ya kikoloni ya Uholanzi kabla ya kustaafu na kuanza kazi ya uandishi wa habari, lakini mwandishi na mkosoaji wa fasihi wa Indonesia Pramoedya Ananta Toer anaona dai hilo haliwezekani kutokana na umri wake mdogo wakati wa kifo chake; hata hivyo, Toer anakubali uwezekano kwamba Pangemanann alijeruhiwa akiwa kazini, jambo lililosababisha kustaafu mapema.{{sfn|Toer|1982|pp=26–7}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1870|1910}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uholanzi]] jhbc9z3yupazy0ymjokxagdegomc85d 0 234779 1542526 2026-05-14T06:57:25Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Théodore Holo''' (amezaliwa 15 Aprili 1948) ni mwanasiasa, msomi wa sheria na jaji wa Benin. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1992.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.lgdj.fr/melanges-en-l-honneur-du-professeur-theodore-holo-9782361701536.html|title=Mélanges en l'honneur du professeur Théodore Holo - Collectif {{!}} Lgdj.fr|isbn=978-2-36170-153-6|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fkl96yqufp4j7fn77t6nya57jtmg1or 0 234780 1542527 2026-05-14T06:57:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roxana Mînzatu''' (alizaliwa 1 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]], afisa wa serikali za mitaa, na mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa miradi ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Tangu Desemba 2024, anahudumu kama **Makamu wa Rais wa Kamati ya Ulaya** na **Kamishna wa Haki za Kijamii na Ujuzi, Kazi zenye Ubora na Maandalizi** chini ya uongozi wa [[Ursula von der Leyen]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/20...' 1542527 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roxana Mînzatu''' (alizaliwa 1 Aprili 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]], afisa wa serikali za mitaa, na mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa miradi ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Tangu Desemba 2024, anahudumu kama **Makamu wa Rais wa Kamati ya Ulaya** na **Kamishna wa Haki za Kijamii na Ujuzi, Kazi zenye Ubora na Maandalizi** chini ya uongozi wa [[Ursula von der Leyen]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://ec.europa.eu/commission/commissioners/2024-2029/minzatu_en Wasifu rasmi katika Kamati ya Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Minzatu, Roxana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii: Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b3qyhcyo5gzeehl1xyu4xqxdava4xko 0 234781 1542528 2026-05-14T06:58:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gerald Rudolf Pangkali'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerald Pangkali|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/gerald-pangkali/100887/|work=soccerway.com}}](https://int.soccerway.com/players/gerald-pangkali/100887/|work=soccerway.com}})</ref> (alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1982) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Indonesia dhidi ya Nepal. Hata hivyo, mechi hiyo haikuhesabiwa kama [[FIFA]] “A” Match....' 1542528 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerald Rudolf Pangkali'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerald Pangkali|url=[https://int.soccerway.com/players/gerald-pangkali/100887/|work=soccerway.com}}](https://int.soccerway.com/players/gerald-pangkali/100887/|work=soccerway.com}})</ref> (alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1982) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Indonesia dhidi ya Nepal. Hata hivyo, mechi hiyo haikuhesabiwa kama [[FIFA]] “A” Match. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] rb7g4iuxwbvyw7vdhxpzn2cess5bije 0 234782 1542529 2026-05-14T07:00:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542529 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hervé Yves Hehomey''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Miundombinu na Uchukuzi nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Signing of the contract for the extension of the basin and renovation of the northern quays of the Port of Cotonou|url=https://maritimafrica.com/en/signing-of-the-contract-for-the-extension-of-the-basin-and-renovation-of-the-northern-quays-of-the-port-of-cotonou/|work=Maritimafrica|date=2022-07-26|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=admin}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ii2wkrgrq0p8lfilsxf4jt0g0dsj94p 1542627 1542529 2026-05-14T10:09:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hervé Yves Hehomey''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwalimu]] wa Benin. Kwa sasa ni Waziri wa Miundombinu na Uchukuzi nchini Benin,[1] baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mapema mwaka 2021 na rais wa sasa wa Benin, Patrice Talon. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 25 Mei 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Signing of the contract for the extension of the basin and renovation of the northern quays of the Port of Cotonou|url=https://maritimafrica.com/en/signing-of-the-contract-for-the-extension-of-the-basin-and-renovation-of-the-northern-quays-of-the-port-of-cotonou/|work=Maritimafrica|date=2022-07-26|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=admin}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8nb6oe29qfxdtehexuyh7fjpfuq2qh8 0 234783 1542530 2026-05-14T07:01:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Donald Isaac Pandjaitan'''{{#tag:ref|Kwa mujibu wa sheria za Indonesia, jina kamili linaweza kuwa jina binafsi pekee bila kutofautisha rasmi kati ya jina la ukoo au jina la kurithiwa (tazama [[Majina ya Indonesia]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/indonesian-culture/indonesian-culture-naming#indonesian-culture-naming|title=Indonesian](https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/indonesian-culture/indonesian-culture-naming#indonesian-culture-n...' 1542530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Donald Isaac Pandjaitan'''{{#tag:ref|Kwa mujibu wa sheria za Indonesia, jina kamili linaweza kuwa jina binafsi pekee bila kutofautisha rasmi kati ya jina la ukoo au jina la kurithiwa (tazama [[Majina ya Indonesia]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/indonesian-culture/indonesian-culture-naming#indonesian-culture-naming|title=Indonesian](https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/indonesian-culture/indonesian-culture-naming#indonesian-culture-naming|title=Indonesian) Culture > Naming > Naming Conventions|publisher=[[Special Broadcasting Service]]|access-date=2024-06-04|quote=While surnames or ‘inherited names’ are not legally recognised[...]}}</ref>}} alikuwa mmoja wa maafisa wa jeshi la [[Indonesia]] waliouawa katika tukio la Harakati ya 30 Septemba mwaka 1965. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] bcf4zp6cwcexz6m0nyqpik029uoc55y 0 234784 1542531 2026-05-14T07:04:22Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dumitrina Mitrea''' (alizaliwa 12 Oktoba 1971) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2020 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians(AU R). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Mitrea, Dum...' 1542531 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dumitrina Mitrea''' (alizaliwa 12 Oktoba 1971) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2020 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians(AU R). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Mitrea, Dumitrina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5nq19n2twzc6dm2o8jd8nlup7cl9qvb 0 234785 1542532 2026-05-14T07:05:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lundu Panjaitan'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Toba Pulp Lestari|title=2018 Annual Report|url=[https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id](https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id), en|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200625144034/https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|archive-date=2020-06-25|access-date=2020-07-04|...' 1542532 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lundu Panjaitan'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Toba Pulp Lestari|title=2018 Annual Report|url=[https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id](https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id), en|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200625144034/https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|archive-date=2020-06-25|access-date=2020-07-04|website=kpud-sumutprov.go.id|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20200625144034/https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|archive-date=2020-06-25|access-date=2020-07-04|website=kpud-sumutprov.go.id|url-status=dead}})</ref> (alizaliwa 9 Aprili 1941) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka kabila la Wabatak. Alianza kazi yake katika utumishi wa umma kama msaidizi wa masuala ya utawala katika ofisi ya Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini, kisha akawa Mkuu wa Wilaya ya Tapanuli ya Kati mwaka 1980. Tangu wakati huo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za juu katika Sumatra Kaskazini, zikiwemo Mkuu wa Ofisi ya Utalii ya Sumatra Kaskazini, Mkuu wa Wilaya ya Tapanuli ya Kaskazini, Mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Uratibu wa Uwekezaji ya Mkoa wa Sumatra Kaskazini, na Naibu Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] lvje9n1wz940b75y1zb4tlfy8ufhvws 1542647 1542532 2026-05-14T11:02:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lundu Panjaitan'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Toba Pulp Lestari|title=2018 Annual Report|url=[https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id](https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|language=id), en|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200625144034/https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|archive-date=2020-06-25|access-date=2020-07-04|website=kpud-sumutprov.go.id|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20200625144034/https://upperline.id/uploads/annual_reports/file/file_annual_5e157d1fee66b.pdf|archive-date=2020-06-25|access-date=2020-07-04|website=kpud-sumutprov.go.id|url-status=dead}})</ref> (alizaliwa 9 Aprili 1941) alikuwa mwanasiasa na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka kabila la Wabatak. Alianza kazi yake katika utumishi wa umma kama msaidizi wa masuala ya utawala katika ofisi ya Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini, kisha akawa Mkuu wa Wilaya ya Tapanuli ya Kati mwaka 1980. Tangu wakati huo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali za juu katika Sumatra Kaskazini, zikiwemo Mkuu wa Ofisi ya Utalii ya Sumatra Kaskazini, Mkuu wa Wilaya ya Tapanuli ya Kaskazini, Mwenyekiti wa Bodi ya Uratibu wa Uwekezaji ya Mkoa wa Sumatra Kaskazini, na Naibu Gavana wa Sumatra Kaskazini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1941|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] bmp3tggyuo4d0qj4b282d6jr6790nsg 0 234786 1542533 2026-05-14T07:08:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Viorica Georgeta Pompilia Moisuc''' (alizaliwa 8 Aprili 1934) ni mwanasiasa na mwanahistoria wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Greater Romania Party]] (PRM) na alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Ulaya (MEP) kuanzia tarehe 1 Januari 2007 kufuatia kujiunga kwa Romania katika Umoja wa [[Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33989/VIORICA-GEORGETA-POMPILIA_MOISUC/history/6 Wasifu katik...' 1542533 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viorica Georgeta Pompilia Moisuc''' (alizaliwa 8 Aprili 1934) ni mwanasiasa na mwanahistoria wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa [[Greater Romania Party]] (PRM) na alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Ulaya (MEP) kuanzia tarehe 1 Januari 2007 kufuatia kujiunga kwa Romania katika Umoja wa [[Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33989/VIORICA-GEORGETA-POMPILIA_MOISUC/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=60549c4f-7b56-4b82-9993-9c8e8f8e8f8e Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934||Moisuc, Viorica Georgeta Pompilia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a1xhbikrarm4h06rehr8bkmf965qk3o 0 234787 1542534 2026-05-14T07:08:48Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marcus Jacob Papilaja''' (amezaliwa 22 Septemba 1954) ni msomi na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] wa chama cha Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. Aliwahi kuwa meya wa Ambon, Maluku kwa vipindi viwili kati ya mwaka 2001 hadi 2011. Uongozi wake wa umeya ulianza wakati Mgogoro wa kidini wa Maluku ulikuwa ukiathiri sana jiji la Ambon, na alichangia katika juhudi za upatanisho kati ya jamii za Waislamu na Wakristo katika jiji hilo. Mwaka 2014 alipatika...' 1542534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Jacob Papilaja''' (amezaliwa 22 Septemba 1954) ni msomi na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] wa chama cha Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. Aliwahi kuwa meya wa Ambon, Maluku kwa vipindi viwili kati ya mwaka 2001 hadi 2011. Uongozi wake wa umeya ulianza wakati Mgogoro wa kidini wa Maluku ulikuwa ukiathiri sana jiji la Ambon, na alichangia katika juhudi za upatanisho kati ya jamii za Waislamu na Wakristo katika jiji hilo. Mwaka 2014 alipatikana na hatia ya rushwa na akahukumiwa kifungo cha mwaka mmoja gerezani. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Papilaja alizaliwa Suli, katika Kisiwa cha Ambon lakini eneo hilo likiwa sehemu ya Wilaya ya Maluku ya Kati, tarehe 22 Septemba 1954. Alisoma shule ya msingi huko Suli, kisha shule za sekondari za uchumi katika Jiji la Ambon. Alimaliza shule ya upili mwaka 1973, na baadaye alipata shahada ya kwanza ya uchumi kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Pattimura mwaka 1978. Baadaye alipata shahada nyingine ya kwanza katika uhasibu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Hasanuddin cha [[Makassar]] mwaka 1982. Pia alipata shahada ya uzamili katika uhasibu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Gadjah Mada na shahada ya udaktari kutoka Taasisi ya Kilimo ya Bogor.<ref name="marine">{{cite book |title=Investment Opportunities in Fisheries and Marine Sectors in Indonesia |date=2003 |publisher=Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Republic of Indonesia |isbn=978-979-96927-7-1 |page=111|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=oQJGAAAAYAAJ&q=papilaja+ambon+mayor](https://books.google.com/books?id=oQJGAAAAYAAJ&q=papilaja+ambon+mayor) |language=en}}</ref><ref name="myedisi">{{cite web |title=M.J. Papilaja |url=[https://www.myedisi.com/p/101-mj-papilaja](https://www.myedisi.com/p/101-mj-papilaja) |access-date=24 Aprili 2024 |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ljq63frpmxyy0udiygcu4g28s9pvu87 0 234788 1542535 2026-05-14T07:11:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas Matulessy''' (8 Juni 1783 – 16 Desemba 1817), anayejulikana pia kama '''Kapitan Pattimura''' au kwa kifupi '''Pattimura''', alikuwa askari mashuhuri kutoka kwa Watu wa Ambon aliyekuwa kielelezo muhimu cha harakati za upinzani dhidi ya ukoloni katika Maluku na baadaye akawa alama ya Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya [[Indonesia]]. Alitangazwa kuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa Indonesia na Rais Suharto tarehe 6 Novemba 1973.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mutiarasari|first=...' 1542535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Matulessy''' (8 Juni 1783 – 16 Desemba 1817), anayejulikana pia kama '''Kapitan Pattimura''' au kwa kifupi '''Pattimura''', alikuwa askari mashuhuri kutoka kwa Watu wa Ambon aliyekuwa kielelezo muhimu cha harakati za upinzani dhidi ya ukoloni katika Maluku na baadaye akawa alama ya Mapinduzi ya Kitaifa ya [[Indonesia]]. Alitangazwa kuwa Shujaa wa Kitaifa wa Indonesia na Rais Suharto tarehe 6 Novemba 1973.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mutiarasari|first=Kanya Anindita|title=Pattimura Pahlawan Nasional dari Tanah Maluku, Ini Sosoknya|url=[https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5805536/pattimura-pahlawan-nasional-dari-tanah-maluku-ini-sosoknya|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-23}}](https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5805536/pattimura-pahlawan-nasional-dari-tanah-maluku-ini-sosoknya|website=detiknews|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-23}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] 8fmarlwzq24qpbimb7oua0wkqyy4i0v 0 234789 1542536 2026-05-14T07:12:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oana Murariu''' (alizaliwa 11 Septemba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Save Romania Union (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Cluj County|Cluj. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=202&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}...' 1542536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oana Murariu''' (alizaliwa 11 Septemba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Save Romania Union (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Cluj County|Cluj. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=202&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Murariu, Oana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gapafu8rm1rxpy0qqw37e9of42defad 0 234790 1542537 2026-05-14T07:17:48Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mona Octavia Muscă''' (alizaliwa kama '''Mona Octavia Nicoară'''; 4 Mei 1949) ni mwanafilolojia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa National Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL) na baadaye Liberal Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PLD). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2007, na kama Waziri wa Utama...' 1542537 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mona Octavia Muscă''' (alizaliwa kama '''Mona Octavia Nicoară'''; 4 Mei 1949) ni mwanafilolojia na mwanasiasa wa zamani wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa National Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL) na baadaye Liberal Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PLD). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2007, na kama Waziri wa Utamaduni kati ya 2004 na 2005. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949||Musca, Mona Octavia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ns2yqt0c4qosxd4960afmz9ngb6st1h 0 234791 1542538 2026-05-14T07:25:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Denisa-Elena Neagu''' (alizaliwa 16 Oktoba 1986) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Save Romania Union (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=206&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}}...' 1542538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denisa-Elena Neagu''' (alizaliwa 16 Oktoba 1986) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Save Romania Union (USR). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=206&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986||Neagu, Denisa-Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] co0aou8zsymbd9yg8ayd9w98ovs974g 0 234792 1542539 2026-05-14T07:31:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Norica Nicolai''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1958) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa mkoa wa Cluj County|Cluj (2000–2008) na baadaye kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (2009–2019). Katika kazi yake, amekuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|PNL]] na [[Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party|PNȚ-CD]], kabla ya kuwa mwanasiasa asiye na chama (independent). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} =...' 1542539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norica Nicolai''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1958) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa mkoa wa Cluj County|Cluj (2000–2008) na baadaye kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (2009–2019). Katika kazi yake, amekuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|PNL]] na [[Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party|PNȚ-CD]], kabla ya kuwa mwanasiasa asiye na chama (independent). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96825/NORICA_NICOLAI/history/8 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1958||Nicolai, Norica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] c56ccbdyvu8kr1wpxhh58fmbcxxn19w 0 234793 1542541 2026-05-14T07:34:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Oana Niculescu-Mizil Ștefănescu''' (alizaliwa 11 Agosti 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mfanyabiashara. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD) na alifanya kazikama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha [[Bucharest]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2015. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=265&...' 1542541 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Oana Niculescu-Mizil Ștefănescu''' (alizaliwa 11 Agosti 1975) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mfanyabiashara. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD) na alifanya kazikama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha [[Bucharest]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2015. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=265&cam=2&leg=2012 Wasifu wa Oana Niculescu-Mizil] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Niculescu-Mizil, Oana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a22maz08ijpy9x8fc5supxaikws1a3z 3 234794 1542543 2026-05-14T07:36:46Z SHB2000 48030 SHB2000 alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AcidResonance]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Խարջո]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/AcidResonance|AcidResonance]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Խարջո|Խարջո]]" 1542543 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Խարջո]] qkmzhng30usi24dbu3hqpcp7gqp19hk 0 234795 1542544 2026-05-14T07:37:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Petre''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1951) ni mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) na alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa Romania kabla ya kuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) mnamo tarehe 1 Januari 2007 kufuatia kujiunga kwa Romania katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33990/MARIA_PETRE/history/6...' 1542544 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Petre''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1951) ni mwanasiasa na mwanauchumi wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD) na alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa Romania kabla ya kuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] (MEP) mnamo tarehe 1 Januari 2007 kufuatia kujiunga kwa Romania katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33990/MARIA_PETRE/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951||Petre, Maria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] onp81anszuum9tzyxf914kisvs6bc4l 0 234796 1542545 2026-05-14T07:41:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mira Anca Victoria Mărculeț Petrescu''' (20 Machi 1949 – 30 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa msanifu majengo na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuwa msanifu mkuu wa Palace of the Parliament|Jumba la Bunge (''Palatul Parlamentului'') mjini [[Bucharest]], ambalo ni jengo la pili kwa ukubwa duniani baada ya Pentagon. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/02/world/europe/anca-petrescu-architect-of-gian...' 1542545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mira Anca Victoria Mărculeț Petrescu''' (20 Machi 1949 – 30 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa msanifu majengo na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuwa msanifu mkuu wa Palace of the Parliament|Jumba la Bunge (''Palatul Parlamentului'') mjini [[Bucharest]], ambalo ni jengo la pili kwa ukubwa duniani baada ya Pentagon. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/02/world/europe/anca-petrescu-architect-of-giant-romanian-palace-dies-at-64.html "Anca Petrescu, Architect of Giant Romanian Palace, Dies at 64"] - ''The New York Times''. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2013|Petrescu, Anca}} [[Jamii:Wasanifu majengo wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] 1iach8cm8x26xump7t1rmdogyt5600p 0 234797 1542547 2026-05-14T07:43:03Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Isaak "Tjaak" Pattiwael''' (23 Februari 1914 – 16 Machi 1987) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyekuwa akicheza kama forward. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uhindia wa Mashariki ya Uholanzi (Dutch East Indies) katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 1938. Pia aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya VV Jong Ambon Batavia.<ref>[[http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=5/teams/team=44031.html](http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=5/teams/tea...' 1542547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isaak "Tjaak" Pattiwael''' (23 Februari 1914 – 16 Machi 1987) alikuwa mchezaji wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyekuwa akicheza kama forward. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uhindia wa Mashariki ya Uholanzi (Dutch East Indies) katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA 1938. Pia aliwahi kuchezea klabu ya VV Jong Ambon Batavia.<ref>[[http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=5/teams/team=44031.html](http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=5/teams/team=44031.html) Copa do Mundo da FIFA França 1938] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120323121348/http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D5/teams/team%3D44031.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20120323121348/http://pt.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D5/teams/team%3D44031.html) |date=2012-03-23 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] e3w1clvdqqomxsa5q83t8tudx16ermj 0 234798 1542548 2026-05-14T07:45:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sorina-Luminița Plăcintă''' (alizaliwa kama '''Sorina Ștefan'''; 6 Februari 1965) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PD-L) na baadaye National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party (PNL). Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa mkoa wa [[Vrancea County|Vrancea]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2012 na kushika nyadhifa za uwaziri katika serikali ya Emil Boc...' 1542548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sorina-Luminița Plăcintă''' (alizaliwa kama '''Sorina Ștefan'''; 6 Februari 1965) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kiliberali cha Kidemokrasia (PD-L) na baadaye National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party (PNL). Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa mkoa wa [[Vrancea County|Vrancea]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2012 na kushika nyadhifa za uwaziri katika serikali ya [[Emil Boc]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=60549c4f-7b56-4b82-9993-9c8e8f8e8f8e Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Placinta, Sorina-Luminita}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sqdqlj5ezjmmekeycoedxi84wz8f2zl 0 234799 1542549 2026-05-14T07:49:00Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Masinton Pasaribu''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1971) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]] kutoka chama cha PDI-P na mwanaharakati wa zamani ambaye aliwahi kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Indonesia kati ya 2014 hadi 2024. Kwa sasa ni mkuu wa wilaya (regent) wa Tapanuli ya Kati, akiwa katika nafasi hiyo tangu Februari 2025. == Maisha ya awali == Pasaribu alizaliwa katika mji wa Sibolga, Sumatra Kaskazini, katika jamii ya Wabatak. Baada ya kumaliza shule y...' 1542549 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masinton Pasaribu''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1971) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]] kutoka chama cha PDI-P na mwanaharakati wa zamani ambaye aliwahi kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Indonesia kati ya 2014 hadi 2024. Kwa sasa ni mkuu wa wilaya (regent) wa Tapanuli ya Kati, akiwa katika nafasi hiyo tangu Februari 2025. == Maisha ya awali == Pasaribu alizaliwa katika mji wa Sibolga, Sumatra Kaskazini, katika jamii ya Wabatak. Baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari, alifanya kazi kwa muda kama mfanyakazi wa kujitegemea katika Bandari ya Belawan kabla ya kuhamia Jakarta kusoma sheria, ambako alihitimu mwaka 2003. Akiwa mwanafunzi, alikuwa hai katika mashirika ya kijamii yaliyopinga utawala wa New Order na alishiriki katika maandamano ya mwaka 1998 ambayo yalipelekea kuanguka kwa utawala wa Suharto katika vurugu za Mei 1998. Baada ya kuhitimu, aliendelea pia kujihusisha na harakati za wafanyakazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ibrahim |first1=Gibran Maulana |title=Kenangan Masinton Pasaribu Ikut Rumuskan Isu untuk Aksi 1998 |url=[https://news.detik.com/berita/4017120/kenangan-masinton-pasaribu-ikut-rumuskan-isu-untuk-aksi-1998](https://news.detik.com/berita/4017120/kenangan-masinton-pasaribu-ikut-rumuskan-isu-untuk-aksi-1998) |accessdate=10 December 2018 |work=detikNews |date=12 May 2018 |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Wajumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Sumatra Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Watu waliozaliwa 1971]] mczjprqtu8fnsobt6synkabyax2hz1w 1542550 1542549 2026-05-14T07:49:41Z Valuegirl 87699 1542550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Masinton Pasaribu''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1971) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Indonesia]] kutoka chama cha PDI-P na mwanaharakati wa zamani ambaye aliwahi kuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Indonesia kati ya 2014 hadi 2024. Kwa sasa ni mkuu wa wilaya (regent) wa Tapanuli ya Kati, akiwa katika nafasi hiyo tangu Februari 2025. == Maisha ya awali == Pasaribu alizaliwa katika mji wa Sibolga, Sumatra Kaskazini, katika jamii ya Wabatak. Baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari, alifanya kazi kwa muda kama mfanyakazi wa kujitegemea katika Bandari ya Belawan kabla ya kuhamia Jakarta kusoma sheria, ambako alihitimu mwaka 2003. Akiwa mwanafunzi, alikuwa hai katika mashirika ya kijamii yaliyopinga utawala wa New Order na alishiriki katika maandamano ya mwaka 1998 ambayo yalipelekea kuanguka kwa utawala wa Suharto katika vurugu za Mei 1998. Baada ya kuhitimu, aliendelea pia kujihusisha na harakati za wafanyakazi.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ibrahim |first1=Gibran Maulana |title=Kenangan Masinton Pasaribu Ikut Rumuskan Isu untuk Aksi 1998 |url=[https://news.detik.com/berita/4017120/kenangan-masinton-pasaribu-ikut-rumuskan-isu-untuk-aksi-1998](https://news.detik.com/berita/4017120/kenangan-masinton-pasaribu-ikut-rumuskan-isu-untuk-aksi-1998) |accessdate=10 December 2018 |work=detikNews |date=12 May 2018 |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Indonesia]] kp2n1go5wwhnugz6egyvkpjzrt0av57 0 234800 1542551 2026-05-14T07:51:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rovana Plumb''' (alizaliwa 22 Juni 1960) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD). Amekuwa kiongozi muhimu katika serikali kadhaa za Romania na pia katika ngazi ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/38421/ROVANA_PLUMB/history/9 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Plumb, Rovana}}...' 1542551 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rovana Plumb''' (alizaliwa 22 Juni 1960) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD). Amekuwa kiongozi muhimu katika serikali kadhaa za Romania na pia katika ngazi ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/38421/ROVANA_PLUMB/history/9 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Plumb, Rovana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] onjz4hkk1lkv81k9dop5zr9w95aa3yz 0 234801 1542552 2026-05-14T07:53:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manohara Odelia Pinot''' (alizaliwa '''Manohara Odelia Manz'''; 28 Februari 1992) ni mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa na uraia wa pacha wa Indonesia na [[Marekani|Marekani]].<ref>[[http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation](http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation) MANOHARA ISSUE: Indonesian NGO calls for official investigation] {{...' 1542552 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manohara Odelia Pinot''' (alizaliwa '''Manohara Odelia Manz'''; 28 Februari 1992) ni mwanamitindo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Aliwahi kuwa na uraia wa pacha wa Indonesia na [[Marekani|Marekani]].<ref>[[http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation](http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation) MANOHARA ISSUE: Indonesian NGO calls for official investigation] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090707120916/http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation](https://web.archive.org/web/20090707120916/http://www.mmail.com.my/content/7265-manohara-issue-indonesian-ngo-calls-official-investigation) |date=2009-07-07 }}, Frankie D'Cruz, Julai 6, 2009, [[Malay Mail]]</ref> Alifunga ndoa na mkuu wa kifalme wa Kelantan, Malaysia Tengku Muhammad Fakhry Petra, tarehe 26 Agosti 2008. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tcpxc878q7ahsph49r880xmcvinhhs2 0 234802 1542553 2026-05-14T07:55:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mihaela Popa''' (alizaliwa 16 Aprili 1962) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha '''Romania in Action Party'''. Amewahi alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Ulaya]] (2007–2009) na kuwa mwanachama wa Senate of Romania Seneti ya Romania kwa vipindi viwili kati ya mwaka 2008 na 2016. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/39714/MIHAELA_POPA/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] *...' 1542553 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mihaela Popa''' (alizaliwa 16 Aprili 1962) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha '''Romania in Action Party'''. Amewahi alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Ulaya]] (2007–2009) na kuwa mwanachama wa Senate of Romania Seneti ya Romania kwa vipindi viwili kati ya mwaka 2008 na 2016. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/39714/MIHAELA_POPA/history/6 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=c2f3d7c5-5d5e-4e4f-b6a8-9d7e8f8e8f8e Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962||Popa, Mihaela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eychqfyywqiglopr00iwcm4hgigfei2 0 234803 1542554 2026-05-14T08:01:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cristina-Mădălina Prună''' (alizaliwa 11 Desemba 1984) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR). alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania Baraza la Manaibu, nafasi aliyoipata kwa mara ya kwanza katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2016 na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://recorder.ro/portret-de-candidat-cristina-pruna/|title=Candidate portrait: Cristina Prună|work=Recorder|da...' 1542554 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cristina-Mădălina Prună''' (alizaliwa 11 Desemba 1984) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa chama cha [[Save Romania Union]] (USR). alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania Baraza la Manaibu, nafasi aliyoipata kwa mara ya kwanza katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2016 na kuchaguliwa tena mwaka 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://recorder.ro/portret-de-candidat-cristina-pruna/|title=Candidate portrait: Cristina Prună|work=Recorder|date=30 Aprili 2024|language=ro}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=245&leg=2020 Wasifu katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Pruna, Cristina-Madalina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] d7f8rutby9yu5z1g3c3l4bx7c09e74q 0 234804 1542555 2026-05-14T08:01:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nico Pelamonia''' (16 Machi 1940 – 15 Mei 2017<ref>{{Cite web |url=[https://www.bintang.com/celeb/read/2952563/sutradara-legendaris-nico-pelamonia-meninggal-dunia](https://www.bintang.com/celeb/read/2952563/sutradara-legendaris-nico-pelamonia-meninggal-dunia) |title=Sutradara Legendaris Nico Pelamonia Meninggal Dunia |last=Bintang.com |date=15 Mei 2017 |website=bintang.com |language=id |access-date=2018-03-29}}</ref>) alikuwa mwigizaji na baadaye mkur...' 1542555 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nico Pelamonia''' (16 Machi 1940 – 15 Mei 2017<ref>{{Cite web |url=[https://www.bintang.com/celeb/read/2952563/sutradara-legendaris-nico-pelamonia-meninggal-dunia](https://www.bintang.com/celeb/read/2952563/sutradara-legendaris-nico-pelamonia-meninggal-dunia) |title=Sutradara Legendaris Nico Pelamonia Meninggal Dunia |last=Bintang.com |date=15 Mei 2017 |website=bintang.com |language=id |access-date=2018-03-29}}</ref>) alikuwa mwigizaji na baadaye mkurugenzi wa filamu kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Alishinda Tuzo ya Citra Award for Best Director mwaka 1976 kutokana na filamu yake ''Semalam di Malaysia''. Amehusika katika zaidi ya uzalishaji 33 wa filamu za urefu kamili tangu alipoanza kazi yake katika filamu ya ''Dibalik Awan'' ya Fred Young mwaka 1963. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] doyeowo9f4xzm329fo5jdf9txcbc8h4 0 234805 1542556 2026-05-14T08:05:09Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hildegard Carola Puwak''' (16 Septemba 1949 – 25 Mei 2018) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utangamano wa Ulaya** kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi Oktoba 2003 katika serikali ya [[Adrian Năstase]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&cam=2&leg=2000 Wasifu rasmi bung...' 1542556 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hildegard Carola Puwak''' (16 Septemba 1949 – 25 Mei 2018) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utangamano wa Ulaya** kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi Oktoba 2003 katika serikali ya [[Adrian Năstase]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&cam=2&leg=2000 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2018|Puwak, Hildegard Carola}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Wajerumani wa Romania]] ofx7amf4dz7l19490fpiblt377og070 1542557 1542556 2026-05-14T08:05:35Z Egipa 87700 1542557 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hildegard Carola Puwak''' (16 Septemba 1949 – 25 Mei 2018) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Utangamano wa Ulaya** kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi Oktoba 2003 katika serikali ya [[Adrian Năstase]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=193&cam=2&leg=2000 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|2018|Puwak, Hildegard Carola}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] cvb8u0ye42pir3ootipnoydc2k1xr6x 0 234806 1542558 2026-05-14T08:08:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ramona-Ioana Bruynseels''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1980) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu tangu mwaka 2024. Alijulikana sana kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2019 alipogombea nafasi ya Rais wa Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=320&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Man...' 1542558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ramona-Ioana Bruynseels''' (alizaliwa 14 Februari 1980) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu tangu mwaka 2024. Alijulikana sana kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2019 alipogombea nafasi ya Rais wa Romania. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=320&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Bruynseels, Ramona-Ioana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 10t2cvdymh1e70f0tb1izpgvbd9asoo 0 234807 1542559 2026-05-14T08:11:46Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pance Frans Pondaag''' (18 Februari 1951 – 3 Juni 2010) alikuwa mwimbaji wa muziki wa pop na mtunzi wa nyimbo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Gazeti la ''The Jakarta Post'' lilimwelezea Pondaag kama mmoja wa waimbaji wa pop waliokuwa maarufu zaidi Indonesia katika miaka ya 1980.<ref name=jp>{{cite news|title=Singer Pance Pondaag dies at 59|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/06/03/singer-pance-pondaag-dies-59.html|work=[[Jakarta](http://www.thejakartap...' 1542559 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pance Frans Pondaag''' (18 Februari 1951 – 3 Juni 2010) alikuwa mwimbaji wa muziki wa pop na mtunzi wa nyimbo kutoka [[Indonesia]]. Gazeti la ''The Jakarta Post'' lilimwelezea Pondaag kama mmoja wa waimbaji wa pop waliokuwa maarufu zaidi Indonesia katika miaka ya 1980.<ref name=jp>{{cite news|title=Singer Pance Pondaag dies at 59|url=[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/06/03/singer-pance-pondaag-dies-59.html|work=[[Jakarta](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/06/03/singer-pance-pondaag-dies-59.html|work=[[Jakarta) Post]]|date=2010-06-24|accessdate=2010-06-03|url-status=dead|archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100605083746/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/06/03/singer-pance-pondaag-dies-59.html|archivedate=2010-06-05}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20100605083746/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/06/03/singer-pance-pondaag-dies-59.html|archivedate=2010-06-05}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951|2010}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] o4ut0xiyekbpbqvp2q2dv2ezzv5a3rx 0 234808 1542560 2026-05-14T08:13:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Adriana Săftoiu''' (alizaliwa 11 Septemba 1967) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa National Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL), alihudumu kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Baraza la Manaibu kwa vipindi kadhaa, akiziwakilisha [[Bucharest]] na mkoa wa [[Prahova County|Prahova]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2...' 1542560 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Adriana Săftoiu''' (alizaliwa 11 Septemba 1967) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa National Liberal Party (Romania) Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kiliberali (PNL), alihudumu kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Baraza la Manaibu kwa vipindi kadhaa, akiziwakilisha [[Bucharest]] na mkoa wa [[Prahova County|Prahova]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=258&cam=2&leg=2008 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1967||Saftoiu, Ana Adriana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 03fti30re1mhfrp1ewv7dt4giv1y11j 0 234809 1542561 2026-05-14T08:15:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gerson Poyk''' (16 Juni 1931 – 24 Februari 2017) alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]], na alikuwa mwakilishi wa kizazi cha “Generation-66”. Jina lake kamili ni Herson Gubertus Gerson Poyk. Miongoni mwa marafiki zake alijulikana kama “Pak Bea” (Bwana Bea) au “Oom Bea” (Mjomba Bea). == Wasifu mfupi == Poyk alizaliwa Namodele, Kisiwa cha Rote. Alihitimu mwaka 1956 kutoka shule ya ualimu ya Kikristo iliyopo Surabaya...' 1542561 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerson Poyk''' (16 Juni 1931 – 24 Februari 2017) alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]], na alikuwa mwakilishi wa kizazi cha “Generation-66”. Jina lake kamili ni Herson Gubertus Gerson Poyk. Miongoni mwa marafiki zake alijulikana kama “Pak Bea” (Bwana Bea) au “Oom Bea” (Mjomba Bea). == Wasifu mfupi == Poyk alizaliwa Namodele, Kisiwa cha Rote. Alihitimu mwaka 1956 kutoka shule ya ualimu ya Kikristo iliyopo [[Surabaya]]. Baada ya hapo alifundisha katika shule zilizopo Ternate (1956–1958) na [[Bima]] (1958).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography of Poyk, Gerson {{!}} Southeast Asia Digital Library |url=[https://sea.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/SEAImages:YL-PG-022-GERSON-MFE](https://sea.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/SEAImages:YL-PG-022-GERSON-MFE) |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=sea.lib.niu.edu |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1931|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] is21ox8pcw0s1d4rxgdvy6aobecgag6 1542618 1542561 2026-05-14T10:01:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerson Poyk''' (16 Juni 1931 – 24 Februari 2017) alikuwa mwandishi na mwandishi wa habari kutoka [[Indonesia]], na alikuwa mwakilishi wa kizazi cha “Generation-66”. Jina lake kamili ni Herson Gubertus Gerson Poyk. Miongoni mwa marafiki zake alijulikana kama “Pak Bea” (Bwana Bea) au “Oom Bea” (Mjomba Bea). == Wasifu mfupi == Poyk alizaliwa Namodele, Kisiwa cha Rote. Alihitimu mwaka 1956 kutoka shule ya ualimu ya Kikristo iliyopo [[Surabaya]]. Baada ya hapo alifundisha katika shule zilizopo Ternate (1956–1958) na [[Bima]] (1958).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Biography of Poyk, Gerson {{!}} Southeast Asia Digital Library |url=[https://sea.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/SEAImages:YL-PG-022-GERSON-MFE](https://sea.lib.niu.edu/islandora/object/SEAImages:YL-PG-022-GERSON-MFE) |access-date=2022-07-12 |website=sea.lib.niu.edu |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1931|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] k2z8blwljaooomhoup9lypd45ydihj2 0 234810 1542562 2026-05-14T08:17:34Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marcela Lavinia Șandru''' (alizaliwa 6 Februari 1975) ni mwanasiasa, mwandishi wa habari, na mwigizaji wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa Rais wa chama cha National Initiative Party (PIN) na baadaye Makamu wa Rais wa chama cha National Union for the Progress of Romania (UNPR). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Mureș County|Mureș]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2008. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} ==...' 1542562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcela Lavinia Șandru''' (alizaliwa 6 Februari 1975) ni mwanasiasa, mwandishi wa habari, na mwigizaji wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa Rais wa chama cha National Initiative Party (PIN) na baadaye Makamu wa Rais wa chama cha National Union for the Progress of Romania (UNPR). Alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Mureș County|Mureș]] kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2008. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=262&cam=2&leg=2004 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Sandru, Marcela Lavinia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f8nrnq8mde4iboou6xmk0bwat6sxuyj 0 234811 1542563 2026-05-14T08:18:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Greysia Polii''' ( amezaliwa 11 Agosti 1987) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika mchezo wa wawili wawili (doubles). Alishinda medali ya dhahabu katika mashindano ya wanawake wawili wawili katika Michezo ya Asia ya 2014, katika Michezo ya SEA ya 2019, na katika Olimpiki ya 2020.<ref name="20to">{{cite web |title=Indonesia take shock gold in women's doubles badminton, People's Republic of China claim silver |url=[https://olymp...' 1542563 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Greysia Polii''' ( amezaliwa 11 Agosti 1987) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka [[Indonesia]] aliyebobea katika mchezo wa wawili wawili (doubles). Alishinda medali ya dhahabu katika mashindano ya wanawake wawili wawili katika Michezo ya Asia ya 2014, katika Michezo ya SEA ya 2019, na katika Olimpiki ya 2020.<ref name="20to">{{cite web |title=Indonesia take shock gold in women's doubles badminton, People's Republic of China claim silver |url=[https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-take-shock-gold-in-women-s-doubles-badminton-people-s-republic-of-chin](https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-take-shock-gold-in-women-s-doubles-badminton-people-s-republic-of-chin) |publisher=The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games |date=2 Agosti 2021 |access-date=2 Agosti 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20210802131042/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-take-shock-gold-in-women-s-doubles-badminton-people-s-republic-of-chin](https://web.archive.org/web/20210802131042/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/en/news/indonesia-take-shock-gold-in-women-s-doubles-badminton-people-s-republic-of-chin) |archive-date=2 Agosti 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] ly14ck6gohz2gs9qelm1u32h6vykrqx 0 234812 1542564 2026-05-14T08:21:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daciana Octavia Sârbu''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1977) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]], mshauri wa kisheria, na mwanachama wa zamani wa Bunge la Ulaya (MEP). Alihudumu bungeni Ulaya kwa kipindi kirefu kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2019. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33989/DACIANA+OCTAVIA_SARBU/history/8 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Sarbu, Daciana Octavia}} Jamii:Wanasiasa...' 1542564 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daciana Octavia Sârbu''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1977) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]], mshauri wa kisheria, na mwanachama wa zamani wa Bunge la Ulaya (MEP). Alihudumu bungeni Ulaya kwa kipindi kirefu kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2019. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/33989/DACIANA+OCTAVIA_SARBU/history/8 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Sarbu, Daciana Octavia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eyg6vrvwtqcynrzn7man0r3yv2ht7ce 0 234813 1542565 2026-05-14T08:22:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rochy Melkiano Putiray''' (alizaliwa 26 Juni 1970) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji (striker) katika timu ya taifa ya Indonesia.<ref>[[https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe56792/rochi-putiray/](https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe56792/rochi-putiray/) worldfootball.net] World Football</ref> Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji waliotambulika zaidi katika timu ya taifa ya Indonesia kutokana na nywele zake ze...' 1542565 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rochy Melkiano Putiray''' (alizaliwa 26 Juni 1970) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa soka kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji (striker) katika timu ya taifa ya Indonesia.<ref>[[https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe56792/rochi-putiray/](https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe56792/rochi-putiray/) worldfootball.net] World Football</ref> Alikuwa mmoja wa wachezaji waliotambulika zaidi katika timu ya taifa ya Indonesia kutokana na nywele zake zenye rangi ang’avu na zilizobadilika mara kwa mara. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pciq8l8ps84t9vbvmqnkae3jnlde45p 0 234814 1542566 2026-05-14T08:25:26Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eva Stevany Rataba''' (amezaliwa 3 Septemba 1982) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye amekuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi (DPR) tangu mwaka 2019. Pia alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa (2019–2022) wa Chama cha Elimu ya Awali ya Mtoto na Elimu cha Indonesia (Himpaudi) katika Wilaya ya Toraja Kaskazini. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fraksi Nasdem - Detail Anggota |url=[https://fraksinasdem.org/anggota/eva-stevany-rataba](https://fraksinasdem.org/...' 1542566 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eva Stevany Rataba''' (amezaliwa 3 Septemba 1982) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye amekuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi (DPR) tangu mwaka 2019. Pia alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa (2019–2022) wa Chama cha Elimu ya Awali ya Mtoto na Elimu cha Indonesia (Himpaudi) katika Wilaya ya Toraja Kaskazini. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fraksi Nasdem - Detail Anggota |url=[https://fraksinasdem.org/anggota/eva-stevany-rataba](https://fraksinasdem.org/anggota/eva-stevany-rataba) |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=Fraksi Nasdem |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] rnsgkqy9ff752tbi9rfnfw379cgpe60 1542609 1542566 2026-05-14T09:53:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542609 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eva Stevany Rataba''' (amezaliwa 3 Septemba 1982) ni mwanasiasa kutoka [[Indonesia]] ambaye amekuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi (DPR) tangu mwaka 2019. Pia alihudumu kama mwenyekiti wa (2019–2022) wa Chama cha Elimu ya Awali ya Mtoto na Elimu cha Indonesia (Himpaudi) katika Wilaya ya Toraja Kaskazini. <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Fraksi Nasdem - Detail Anggota |url=[https://fraksinasdem.org/anggota/eva-stevany-rataba](https://fraksinasdem.org/anggota/eva-stevany-rataba) |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=Fraksi Nasdem |language=id}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] j2g0599xb79dzuwmoj7drbsics31j9p 0 234815 1542567 2026-05-14T08:26:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gianina Șerban''' (alizaliwa 15 Julai 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2020 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Baraza la Manaibu kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=275&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Serban, Gianin...' 1542567 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gianina Șerban''' (alizaliwa 15 Julai 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2020 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania) Baraza la Manaibu kupitia chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=275&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Serban, Gianina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1lbine9mlsg3ywyeshokpbf4w6s0aap 0 234816 1542568 2026-05-14T08:28:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gerungan Saul Samuel Jacob Ratulangi''' (pia huandikwa ''Ratu Langie''; 5 Novemba 1890 – 30 Juni 1949), maarufu kama '''Sam Ratulangi''', alikuwa mwalimu, mwandishi wa habari, mwanasiasa, na shujaa wa taifa kutoka kabila la Minahasa la Sulawesi Kaskazini, [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wajumbe waliothibitisha Katiba ya Indonesia na aliwahi kuwa Gavana wa kwanza wa [[Sulawesi]]. == Maisha ya awali == Picha:Sam Ratulangi with cousin 1910.jpg|thu...' 1542568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gerungan Saul Samuel Jacob Ratulangi''' (pia huandikwa ''Ratu Langie''; 5 Novemba 1890 – 30 Juni 1949), maarufu kama '''Sam Ratulangi''', alikuwa mwalimu, mwandishi wa habari, mwanasiasa, na shujaa wa taifa kutoka kabila la Minahasa la Sulawesi Kaskazini, [[Indonesia]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa wajumbe waliothibitisha Katiba ya Indonesia na aliwahi kuwa Gavana wa kwanza wa [[Sulawesi]]. == Maisha ya awali == [[Picha:Sam Ratulangi with cousin 1910.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ratulangi (kulia) akiwa na binamu yake mwaka 1910]] Akiwa mtoto wa Jozias Ratulangi na Augustina Gerungan, wote kutoka familia tajiri na zenye heshima za Minahasa, Sam Ratulangi alizaliwa tarehe 5 Novemba 1890 huko Tondano katika Sulawesi Kaskazini, eneo ambalo wakati huo lilikuwa sehemu ya Uholanzi Mashariki ya India.<ref>[[#Masykuri1985|Masykuri (1985)]], uk. 5.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1890|1949}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] nlh4fsn6yhgv5gjmxjdoxykvq7uqvk1 0 234817 1542569 2026-05-14T08:31:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexandra Sidorovici''' (6 Julai 1906 – 25 Agosti 2000) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama mashuhuri wa tabaka la uongozi wa kikomunisti ([[Nomenklatura]]). Alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wanawake kuchaguliwa katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu mwaka 1946. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.iiccr.ro/ Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Jinai za Kikomunisti Romania] (IICCMER) - Ina maelezo zai...' 1542569 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandra Sidorovici''' (6 Julai 1906 – 25 Agosti 2000) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama mashuhuri wa tabaka la uongozi wa kikomunisti ([[Nomenklatura]]). Alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wanawake kuchaguliwa katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu mwaka 1946. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.iiccr.ro/ Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Jinai za Kikomunisti Romania] (IICCMER) - Ina maelezo zaidi kuhusu jukumu lake katika mahakama za wananchi. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|2000|Sidorovici, Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] 8qkjgfbx989pz2pgdel4thldayl3xu8 0 234818 1542570 2026-05-14T08:33:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mochtar Riady''', alizaliwa kama '''Lie Mo Tie''' ( alizaliwa 12 Mei 1929)'''<ref name="Suryadinata 136">{{Harvnb|Suryadinata|1995|p=136}}</ref>'''<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mydans|first1=Seth|title=Family Tied to Democratic Party Funds Built an Indonesian Empire|url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/20/world/family-tied-to-democratic-party-funds-built-an-indonesian-empire.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=31](https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/20/world/family-ti...' 1542570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mochtar Riady''', alizaliwa kama '''Lie Mo Tie''' ( alizaliwa 12 Mei 1929)'''<ref name="Suryadinata 136">{{Harvnb|Suryadinata|1995|p=136}}</ref>'''<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mydans|first1=Seth|title=Family Tied to Democratic Party Funds Built an Indonesian Empire|url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/20/world/family-tied-to-democratic-party-funds-built-an-indonesian-empire.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=31](https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/20/world/family-tied-to-democratic-party-funds-built-an-indonesian-empire.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=31) July 2016|work=The New York Times|date=Oct 20, 1996}}</ref> ni mtaalamu na tajiri mkubwa wa masuala ya fedha kutoka [[Indonesia]], na ndiye mwanzilishi pamoja na mwenyekiti wa heshima wa kundi la makampuni la Lippo Group. Alizaliwa mjini Malang katika familia ya Kichina-Indonesian. Akiwa na umri wa miezi mitano tu, wazazi wake walimpeleka katika kijiji cha asili cha baba yake kilichopo [[Fujian]] nchini China, ambako aliishi hadi alipofikia umri wa miaka sita.<ref>[[https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/My-Personal-History/My-early-years-in-a-turbulent-China-Mochtar-Riady-s-story-2](https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/My-Personal-History/My-early-years-in-a-turbulent-China-Mochtar-Riady-s-story-2) My early years in a turbulent China: Mochtar Riady's story (2)]</ref><ref>[[https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/My-Personal-History/The-deep-affection-and-profound-wisdom-of-my-grandmother-Mochtar-Riady-s-story-3](https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/My-Personal-History/The-deep-affection-and-profound-wisdom-of-my-grandmother-Mochtar-Riady-s-story-3) The deep affection and profound wisdom of my grandmother: Mochtar Riady's story (3)]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1929|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iu3wn549tgcz29dzv77m0eo9hckj19i 0 234819 1542571 2026-05-14T08:34:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sevil Shhaideh''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1964) ni mwanauchumi, mtumishi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa na kimataifa mnamo Desemba 2016 alipopendekezwa na chama cha Social Democratic Party (Romania) Social Democrats (PSD) kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Romania, uteuzi ambao ungekuwa wa kihistoria. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-38444027 "Romania's President Iohannis re...' 1542571 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sevil Shhaideh''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1964) ni mwanauchumi, mtumishi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa na kimataifa mnamo Desemba 2016 alipopendekezwa na chama cha Social Democratic Party (Romania) Social Democrats (PSD) kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Romania, uteuzi ambao ungekuwa wa kihistoria. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-38444027 "Romania's President Iohannis rejects Muslim woman Sevil Shhaideh as PM"] - Ripoti ya BBC News. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Shhaideh, Sevil}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Wamarekani wa asili ya Kituruki]] [[Jamii:Waislamu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Mawaziri wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] c50yh1uggayk82tk3ga3dh9g9gr3fvg 1542572 1542571 2026-05-14T08:35:03Z Egipa 87700 1542572 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sevil Shhaideh''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1964) ni mwanauchumi, mtumishi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa na kimataifa mnamo Desemba 2016 alipopendekezwa na chama cha Social Democratic Party (Romania) Social Democrats (PSD) kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Romania, uteuzi ambao ungekuwa wa kihistoria. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-38444027 "Romania's President Iohannis rejects Muslim woman Sevil Shhaideh as PM"] - Ripoti ya BBC News. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Shhaideh, Sevil}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dbwr0ktg5780n3sfpfblmudjd0ew8k7 0 234820 1542573 2026-05-14T08:43:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diana Iovanovici Șoșoacă''' (alizaliwa 13 Novemba 1975) ni mwanasheria, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa mrengo wa kulia nchini [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa wakati wa Janga la COVID-19 nchini Romania kama mmoja wa wapinzani wakuu wa chanjo na hatua za vizuizi vya serikali. Tangu mwaka 2024, anahudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]](MEP) kupitia chama cha [[S.O.S. Romania]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.eur...' 1542573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diana Iovanovici Șoșoacă''' (alizaliwa 13 Novemba 1975) ni mwanasheria, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa mrengo wa kulia nchini [[Romania]]. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa wakati wa Janga la COVID-19 nchini Romania kama mmoja wa wapinzani wakuu wa chanjo na hatua za vizuizi vya serikali. Tangu mwaka 2024, anahudumu kama Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]](MEP) kupitia chama cha [[S.O.S. Romania]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256801/DIANA_IOVANOVICI+SOSOACA/history/10 Wasifu katika Bunge la Ulaya] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Sosoaca, Diana Iovanovici}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3lw9zpvxasq055pemx7192oxyjbnn2k 0 234821 1542574 2026-05-14T08:46:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rodica Mihaela Stănoiu''' (10 Mei 1939 – 3 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD) na baadaye Conservative Party (Romania)|Chama cha Wahifadhi (PC). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Sheria** kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi 2004 katika serikali ya [[Adrian Năstase]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/F...' 1542574 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rodica Mihaela Stănoiu''' (10 Mei 1939 – 3 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Social Democratic Party (Romania) Chama cha Kijamii cha Kidemokrasia (PSD) na baadaye Conservative Party (Romania)|Chama cha Wahifadhi (PC). Alifanya kazi kama **Waziri wa Sheria** kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi 2004 katika serikali ya [[Adrian Năstase]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=37648f5a-3725-4c64-9276-8f8e8f8e8f8e Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2025|Stanoiu, Rodica Mihaela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] g6024hqde6lhlzlrwbqki9aky5hyt8v 0 234822 1542577 2026-05-14T09:00:14Z Family 001 70423 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542577 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malooned!''' ni filamu ya mwaka 2007 iliyoongozwa na Bob Nyanja, iliyofanyika nchini [[Kenya]] kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. Ilionyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Balafon huko Bari na katika Tamasha la 28º di Cinema Africano di Verona, ambapo ilishinda tuzo kadhaa, zilizotolewa na jopo rasmi la majaji lililowajumuisha Annamaria Gallone, Farah Polato, Esoh Elamé, Martin Mhando, Emmanuel Mbaide. Filamu hiyo ilishinda tuzo ya Jahazi la Fedha katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Zanzibar mwaka 2007 na Tuzo ya Majaji katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Films {{!}} Africultures : Malooned|url=https://africultures.com/films/?no=5349|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Filamu hii inafichua baadhi ya ubaguzi na dhana potofu miongoni mwa makabila nchini Kenya.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kenya 'loo' film gets global deal|date=2007-07-20|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6908812.stm|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == 7fulu77lsmdoaugh8vpppvj26tnlj5h 1542578 1542577 2026-05-14T09:02:22Z Family 001 70423 Haya ni mabadiliko madogo 1542578 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malooned!''' ni filamu ya mwaka 2007 iliyoongozwa na Bob Nyanja, iliyofanyika nchini [[Kenya]] kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. Ilionyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Balafon huko Bari na katika Tamasha la 28º di Cinema Africano di Verona, ambapo ilishinda tuzo kadhaa, zilizotolewa na jopo rasmi la majaji lililowajumuisha Annamaria Gallone, Farah Polato, Esoh Elamé, Martin Mhando, Emmanuel Mbaide. Filamu hiyo ilishinda tuzo ya Jahazi la Fedha katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Zanzibar mwaka 2007 na Tuzo ya Majaji katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kenya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Films {{!}} Africultures : Malooned|url=https://africultures.com/films/?no=5349|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Filamu hii inafichua baadhi ya ubaguzi na dhana potofu miongoni mwa makabila nchini Kenya.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kenya 'loo' film gets global deal|date=2007-07-20|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6908812.stm|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2007]] [[Jamii:Tuzo za filamu]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Kenya]] q4xilrasdu6zdtsnb4knbyqiqslpwij 1542651 1542578 2026-05-14T11:06:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1542651 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malooned!''' ni filamu ya mwaka 2007 iliyoongozwa na Bob Nyanja, iliyofanyika nchini [[Kenya]] kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. Ilionyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Balafon huko Bari na katika Tamasha la 28º di Cinema Africano di Verona, ambapo ilishinda tuzo kadhaa, zilizotolewa na jopo rasmi la majaji lililowajumuisha Annamaria Gallone, Farah Polato, Esoh Elamé, Martin Mhando, Emmanuel Mbaide. Filamu hiyo ilishinda tuzo ya Jahazi la Fedha katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Zanzibar mwaka 2007 na Tuzo ya Majaji katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kenya.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Films {{!}} Africultures : Malooned|url=https://africultures.com/films/?no=5349|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Filamu hii inafichua baadhi ya ubaguzi na dhana potofu miongoni mwa makabila nchini Kenya.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kenya 'loo' film gets global deal|date=2007-07-20|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6908812.stm|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2007]] [[Jamii:Tuzo za filamu]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Kenya]] 3fubq7mg930yrq03bskkosm8wa2bwho 3 234823 1542589 2026-05-14T09:48:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542589 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 6pgx3w194mgd1tcs54vr1zjz1axpk7z 3 234824 1542590 2026-05-14T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542590 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 6pgx3w194mgd1tcs54vr1zjz1axpk7z 3 234825 1542592 2026-05-14T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542592 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 6pgx3w194mgd1tcs54vr1zjz1axpk7z 3 234826 1542593 2026-05-14T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542593 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 6pgx3w194mgd1tcs54vr1zjz1axpk7z 3 234827 1542594 2026-05-14T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542594 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 6pgx3w194mgd1tcs54vr1zjz1axpk7z 3 234828 1542595 2026-05-14T09:49:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542595 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234829 1542596 2026-05-14T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542596 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234830 1542599 2026-05-14T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542599 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234831 1542600 2026-05-14T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542600 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234832 1542601 2026-05-14T09:49:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542601 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234833 1542602 2026-05-14T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542602 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) 219n4glsl0gjnnyu8c5wzkz1cl4078j 3 234834 1542604 2026-05-14T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542604 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) fqmdjmxqxkysem7az6n9nu7nd1tp7gi 3 234835 1542605 2026-05-14T09:50:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542605 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) fqmdjmxqxkysem7az6n9nu7nd1tp7gi 3 234836 1542606 2026-05-14T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542606 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) fqmdjmxqxkysem7az6n9nu7nd1tp7gi 3 234837 1542607 2026-05-14T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1542607 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) fqmdjmxqxkysem7az6n9nu7nd1tp7gi 0 234838 1542628 2026-05-14T10:13:16Z Family 001 70423 nimeanzisha makala mpya 1542628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yogera''' ni filamu ya kuigiza ya nchini [[Uganda]] kuhusu mwanamke kijana ambaye ni kiziwi (Cleopatra Koheirwe), akizurura mitaani jijini [[Kampala]] akitokea kijijini kwao Ishaka baada ya dada yake pacha kumtupa nje kwa kumtia aibu.<ref>{{Citation|last=Apenyo|first=Mildred|title=Movie: Yogera - Vision Group Archives|url=http://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/collections/114-alive/14684-movie-yogera|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Filamu hiyo iliongozwa na Donald Mugisha na kuonyeshwa kwa mara ya kwanza jijini Kampala mnamo tarehe 22 Juni 2010. == Muhtasari == Baada ya kifo cha mama yake, mwanamke huyo kiziwi anakimbia kutoka nyumbani kwao kijijini kwenda kumtembelea dada yake anayesikia mjini, lakini anaepukwa naye na analazimika kuvumilia hali ngumu peke yake mitaani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yogera {{!}} African Film|url=http://africa-archive.com/ug/yogera|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Portal to cultural diversity|url=https://www.spla.pro/pays.uganda.227.html|work=Spla|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref> == Waigizaji == Waigizaji wa Yogera waliongozwa na [[Cleopatra Koheirwe]] ambaye aliigiza nyusika mbili katika filamu hiyo kama Hope, mwanamke kijana ambaye ni kiziwi na mhusika mkuu wa filamu hiyo na pia kama G.G, dada yake pacha anayesikia ambaye anamkataa Hope kwa sababu ya kumfedhehesha. Waigizaji wengine wote wametengenezwa na watu mashuhuri. * Cleopatra Koheirwe kama Hope/G.G * Mark Bugembe * Bobi Wine * Hellen Lukoma * Olot Bonny == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2010]] [[Jamii:Filamu kwa lugha ya Kiingereza]] 2g4xlp6ng30sxkmlw2pso578441zn0q 4 234839 1542633 2026-05-14T10:39:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: created new page 1542633 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Jina la Sasa ! Hadhi ! Majina Yaliyopendekezwa ! Marejeo ! Jina la TUKI ! Majadiliano |- | [[Nigeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nigeria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[China]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Côte d'Ivoire|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uholanzi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uholanzi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Marekani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kenya]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kenya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ghana]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ghana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tanzania]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tanzania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afrika Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hispania]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hispania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ethiopia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ethiopia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Urusi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Urusi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Senegal]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Senegal|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Australia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Australia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Irani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Irani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Somalia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Somalia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufaransa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Italia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Italia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Falme za Kiarabu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Laos]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Laos|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Rwanda]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Rwanda|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mali]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mali|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uingereza]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uingereza|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uswisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Israeli]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Israeli|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Muungano|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ujerumani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ujerumani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Niger]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niger|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Misri]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Misri|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uganda]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uganda|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Afghanistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afghanistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Shelisheli]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Shelisheli|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Japani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Japani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Chad]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Chad|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Austria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Austria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kamerun]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamerun|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vatikani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vatikani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ukraini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ukraini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sudan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uswidi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswidi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uholanzi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uholanzi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kanada]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kanada|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kamboja]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamboja|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Moroko]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moroko|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uhindi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uhindi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malawi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malawi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Pakistani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Pakistani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ubelgiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Udeni|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Burkina Faso|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vietnam]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vietnam|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bulgaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bulgaria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ureno]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ureno|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Isilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Isilandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Msumbiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Msumbiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Aljeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Aljeria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kazakhstan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malta]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malta|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Indonesia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Indonesia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Singapuri]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Singapuri|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uturuki]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uturuki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Papua Guinea Mpya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eritrea]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eritrea|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uthai]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uthai|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Angola]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Angola|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hong Kong]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hong Kong|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bhutan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bhutan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Fiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Fiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Madagaska]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Madagaska|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Udeni|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Palestina]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palestina|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Cabo Verde|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Syria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Syria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Latvia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Latvia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Myanmar]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Myanmar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Botswana]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Botswana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea Bisau|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Komori]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Komori|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Liberia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liberia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Morisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Morisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jibuti]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jibuti|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Omani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Omani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Polandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zimbabwe|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kosovo]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kosovo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Benin]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Benin|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Brunei]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Brunei|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Qatar]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Qatar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Saudia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Saudia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gine ya Ikweta|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hungaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hungaria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Lesotho]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lesotho|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nyuzilandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sierra Leone|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eire]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eire|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Zambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zambia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liechtenstein|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gabon]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gabon|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ugiriki]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ugiriki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Azerbaijan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kroatia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kroatia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Slovenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovenia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Namibia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Namibia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tunisia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tunisia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufilipino]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufilipino|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kodivaa]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kodivaa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Moldova]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moldova|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bahrain]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bahrain|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Norwei]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Norwei|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Luxemburg]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Luxemburg|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Romania]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Romania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Masedonia Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Yordani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yordani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mongolia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mongolia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Belarus]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Belarus|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Serbia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Serbia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Turkmenistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gambia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Iraki]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Iraki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nepal]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nepal|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Timor ya Mashariki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tuvalu]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tuvalu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sri Lanka|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Yemen]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yemen|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Andorra]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Andorra|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kirgizia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kirgizia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sao Tome na Principe|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bangladesh]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bangladesh|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bosnia na Herzegovina|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Libya]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Libya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Armenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Armenia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Welisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Welisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ucheki]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ucheki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sahara ya Magharibi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uzbekistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kuwait]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kuwait|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malaysia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malaysia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kupro]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kupro|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Cook|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Montenegro]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Montenegro|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nauru]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nauru|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ossetia Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vanuatu]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vanuatu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Togo]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Togo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Albania]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Albania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mauritania]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mauritania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Samoa]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eswatini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eswatini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Georgia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Georgia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polynesia ya Kifaransa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Lituanya]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lituanya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guinea]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Niue]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niue|Majadiliano]] |- | [[San Marino]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:San Marino|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Abkhazia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Abkhazia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tajikistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tajikistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Maldivi]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Maldivi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Palau]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palau|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Solomon|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gibraltar]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gibraltar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Estonia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Estonia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guam]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guam|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kiribati]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kiribati|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa ya Marekani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Slovakia]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovakia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tonga]] | {{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tonga|Majadiliano]] |} j2forf3t2o5p5u8hea7p819owb04lb2 1542640 1542633 2026-05-14T10:55:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced '{{Kigezo:Imedhinishwa}}' → '{{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}}' (178 occurrences) 1542640 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Jina la Sasa ! Hadhi ! Majina Yaliyopendekezwa ! Marejeo ! Jina la TUKI ! Majadiliano |- | [[Nigeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nigeria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Côte d'Ivoire|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uholanzi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uholanzi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Marekani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kenya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kenya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ghana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ghana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tanzania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tanzania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afrika Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hispania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hispania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ethiopia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ethiopia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Urusi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Urusi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Senegal]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Senegal|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Australia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Australia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Irani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Irani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Somalia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Somalia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufaransa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Italia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Italia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Falme za Kiarabu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Laos]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Laos|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Rwanda]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Rwanda|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mali]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mali|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uingereza]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uingereza|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uswisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Israeli]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Israeli|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Muungano|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ujerumani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ujerumani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Niger]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niger|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Misri]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Misri|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uganda]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uganda|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Afghanistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afghanistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Shelisheli]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Shelisheli|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Japani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Japani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Chad]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Chad|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Austria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Austria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kamerun]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamerun|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vatikani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vatikani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ukraini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ukraini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sudan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uswidi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswidi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uholanzi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uholanzi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kanada]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kanada|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kamboja]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamboja|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Moroko]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moroko|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uhindi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uhindi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malawi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malawi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Pakistani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Pakistani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ubelgiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Udeni|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Burkina Faso|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vietnam]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vietnam|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bulgaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bulgaria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ureno]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ureno|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Isilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Isilandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Msumbiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Msumbiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Aljeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Aljeria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kazakhstan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malta]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malta|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Indonesia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Indonesia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Singapuri]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Singapuri|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uturuki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uturuki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Papua Guinea Mpya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eritrea]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eritrea|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uthai]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uthai|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Angola]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Angola|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hong Kong]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hong Kong|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bhutan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bhutan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Fiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Fiji|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Madagaska]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Madagaska|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Udeni|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Palestina]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palestina|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Cabo Verde|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Syria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Syria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Latvia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Latvia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Myanmar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Myanmar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Botswana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Botswana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea Bisau|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Komori]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Komori|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Liberia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liberia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Morisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Morisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jibuti]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jibuti|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Omani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Omani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Polandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zimbabwe|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kosovo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kosovo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Benin]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Benin|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Brunei]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Brunei|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Qatar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Qatar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Saudia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Saudia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gine ya Ikweta|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Hungaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hungaria|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Lesotho]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lesotho|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nyuzilandi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sierra Leone|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eire]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eire|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Zambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zambia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liechtenstein|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gabon]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gabon|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ugiriki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ugiriki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Azerbaijan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kroatia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kroatia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Slovenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovenia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Namibia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Namibia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tunisia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tunisia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ufilipino]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufilipino|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kodivaa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kodivaa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya China|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Moldova]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moldova|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bahrain]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bahrain|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Norwei]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Norwei|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Luxemburg]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Luxemburg|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Romania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Romania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Masedonia Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Yordani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yordani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mongolia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mongolia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Belarus]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Belarus|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Serbia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Serbia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Turkmenistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gambia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Iraki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Iraki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nepal]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nepal|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Timor ya Mashariki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tuvalu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tuvalu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sri Lanka|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Yemen]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yemen|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Andorra]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Andorra|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kirgizia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kirgizia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sao Tome na Principe|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bangladesh]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bangladesh|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bosnia na Herzegovina|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Libya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Libya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Armenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Armenia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Welisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Welisi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ucheki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ucheki|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sahara ya Magharibi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uzbekistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kuwait]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kuwait|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Malaysia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malaysia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kupro]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kupro|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Cook|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Montenegro]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Montenegro|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Nauru]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nauru|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ossetia Kusini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Vanuatu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vanuatu|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Togo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Togo|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Albania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Albania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Mauritania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mauritania|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Samoa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Eswatini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eswatini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Georgia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Georgia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polynesia ya Kifaransa|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Lituanya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lituanya|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guinea]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Niue]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niue|Majadiliano]] |- | [[San Marino]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:San Marino|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Abkhazia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Abkhazia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tajikistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tajikistan|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Maldivi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Maldivi|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Palau]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palau|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Solomon|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Gibraltar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gibraltar|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Estonia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Estonia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Guam]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guam|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Kiribati]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kiribati|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa ya Marekani|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Slovakia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovakia|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana|Majadiliano]] |- | [[Tonga]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tonga|Majadiliano]] |} 9qmdob7r2zg28qo3r1pjl7x8gg9a724 1542672 1542640 2026-05-14T11:44:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: removed EAC, sorted A-Z, added Jina kwa Kiingereza column 1542672 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Jina la Sasa ! Hadhi ! Majina Yaliyopendekezwa ! Marejeo ! Jina la TUKI ! Majadiliano ! Jina kwa Kiingereza |- | [[Abkhazia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Abkhazia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Afghanistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afghanistan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Afrika Kusini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Albania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Albania|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Aljeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Aljeria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Andorra]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Andorra|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Angola]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Angola|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Armenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Armenia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Australia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Australia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Austria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Austria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Azerbaijan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Bahrain]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bahrain|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Bangladesh]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bangladesh|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Belarus]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Belarus|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Benin]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Benin|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Bhutan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bhutan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bosnia na Herzegovina|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Botswana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Botswana|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Brunei]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Brunei|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Bulgaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Bulgaria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Burkina Faso|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Cabo Verde|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Chad]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Chad|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:China|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Côte d'Ivoire]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Côte d'Ivoire|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Eire]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eire|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Eritrea]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eritrea|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Estonia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Estonia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Eswatini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Eswatini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ethiopia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ethiopia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Falme za Kiarabu|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Fiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Fiji|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Gabon]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gabon|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Gambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gambia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Georgia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Georgia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ghana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ghana|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Gibraltar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gibraltar|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Gine ya Ikweta|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Guam]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guam|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Guinea]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Guinea Bisau]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Guinea Bisau|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Hispania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hispania|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Hong Kong]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hong Kong|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Hungaria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Hungaria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Indonesia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Indonesia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Iraki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Iraki|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Irani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Irani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Isilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Isilandi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Israeli]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Israeli|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Italia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Italia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya China|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Kongo|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Japani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Japani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jibuti]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jibuti|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kamboja]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamboja|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kamerun]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kamerun|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kanada]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kanada|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kazakhstan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kenya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kenya|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kirgizia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kirgizia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kiribati]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kiribati|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kodivaa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kodivaa|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Komori]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Komori|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Korea Kusini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kosovo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kosovo|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kroatia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kroatia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kupro]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kupro|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Kuwait]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Kuwait|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Laos]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Laos|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Latvia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Latvia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Lesotho]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lesotho|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Liberia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liberia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Libya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Libya|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Liechtenstein|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Lituanya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Lituanya|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Luxemburg]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Luxemburg|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Madagaska]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Madagaska|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Malawi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malawi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Malaysia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malaysia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Maldivi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Maldivi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Mali]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mali|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Malta]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Malta|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Marekani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Masedonia Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Mauritania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mauritania|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Misri]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Misri|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Moldova]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moldova|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Mongolia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Mongolia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Montenegro]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Montenegro|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Morisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Morisi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Moroko]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Moroko|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Msumbiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Msumbiji|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Myanmar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Myanmar|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Namibia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Namibia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Nauru]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nauru|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Nepal]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nepal|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Niger]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niger|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Nigeria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nigeria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Niue]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Niue|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Norwei]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Norwei|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Nyuzilandi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Omani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Omani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ossetia Kusini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Pakistani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Pakistani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Palau]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palau|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Palestina]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Palestina|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Papua Guinea Mpya|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Polandi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polandi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Polynesia ya Kifaransa|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Qatar]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Qatar|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Romania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Romania|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Rwanda]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Rwanda|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sahara ya Magharibi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Samoa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Samoa ya Marekani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[San Marino]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:San Marino|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sao Tome na Principe|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Saudia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Saudia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Senegal]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Senegal|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Serbia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Serbia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Shelisheli]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Shelisheli|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sierra Leone|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Singapuri]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Singapuri|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Slovakia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovakia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Slovenia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Slovenia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Somalia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Somalia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sri Lanka|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sudan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Sudan Kusini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Syria]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Syria|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Tajikistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tajikistan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Tanzania]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tanzania|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Timor ya Mashariki|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Togo]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Togo|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Tonga]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tonga|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Tunisia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tunisia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Turkmenistan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Tuvalu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Tuvalu|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ubelgiji|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ucheki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ucheki|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Udeni|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Muungano|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufalme wa Udeni|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ufaransa]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufaransa|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ufilipino]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufilipino|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ufini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ufini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uganda]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uganda|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ugiriki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ugiriki|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uhindi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uhindi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uholanzi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uholanzi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uingereza]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uingereza|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ujerumani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ujerumani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ukraini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ukraini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Ureno]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Ureno|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Urusi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Urusi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uswidi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswidi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uswisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uswisi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uthai]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uthai|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uturuki]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uturuki|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Uzbekistan|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Vanuatu]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vanuatu|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Vatikani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vatikani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Vietnam]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Vietnam|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Cook|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Visiwa vya Solomon|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Welisi]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Welisi|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Yemen]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yemen|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Yordani]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Yordani|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Zambia]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zambia|Majadiliano]] | |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | {{Kigezo:Imeidhinishwa}} | | | | [[Majadiliano:Zimbabwe|Majadiliano]] | |} n1lf36ny2jby0xe2c78d32oze81holm 10 234840 1542635 2026-05-14T10:46:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: created new page 1542635 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style=" display: inline-flex; align-items: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 1px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.85em; padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px; line-height: 1;"> <span style="margin-right: 5px; font-size: 1.1em;">✔</span> Imeidhinishwa </span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This template displays a green "Verified" badge in Swahili. == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to use this on a page. </noinclude> t6sj4ridawhqr3agdcec3009ki33sq4 1542642 1542635 2026-05-14T10:57:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced '<includeonly><span style="' → ' display: inline-flex; ' (1 occurrences) 1542642 wikitext text/x-wiki display: inline-flex; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 1px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.85em; padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px; line-height: 1;"> <span style="margin-right: 5px; font-size: 1.1em;">✔</span> Imeidhinishwa </span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This template displays a green "Verified" badge in Swahili. == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to use this on a page. </noinclude> cszeblouyt8vi9uvjvk641ngccuvh48 1542646 1542642 2026-05-14T11:01:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542646 wikitext text/x-wiki #!/usr/bin/env python3 import pywikibot site = pywikibot.Site("sw", "wikipedia") site.login() page_name = input("Page title: ").strip() print("New content (Ctrl+D to finish):") lines = [] while True: try: lines.append(input()) except EOFError: break page = pywikibot.Page(site, page_name) page.text = "\n".join(lines) page.save(summary="Bot: replaced entire article content") print(f"Replaced: {page_name}") gs1sfu92z70g7aym9ai1c4wflbg4dbp 1542652 1542646 2026-05-14T11:07:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542652 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style=" display: inline-flex; align-items: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 0.5px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.75em; padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 3px; line-height: 1.2; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="margin-right: 3px; font-size: 1em;">✔</span> Imeidhinishwa </span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This template displays a small green "Verified" badge using the Swahili word "Imeidhinishwa". == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to display this badge on any page. </noinclude> 45l6ncsx0loy87x71l2287evz5j6efe 1542654 1542652 2026-05-14T11:11:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542654 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style=" display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 0.5px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.65em; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1; width: fit-content; vertical-align: middle; text-transform: uppercase;"> <span style="font-size: 1.2em; margin-bottom: -1px;">✔</span> <span>Imeidhinishwa</span> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This is the micro-sized, stacked version of the "Imeidhinishwa" badge. == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to use it. </noinclude> f390f0b0rfcrl9xtrfxj4gfr6wt9ga5 1542656 1542654 2026-05-14T11:14:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542656 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style=" display: inline-block; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 0.5px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 8px; padding: 2px 4px; border-radius: 3px; line-height: 1.1; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="font-size: 10px;">✔</span><br />Imeidhinishwa </span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This is a micro-sized badge with a line break between the tick and the text. == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to use it. </noinclude> gyg8mf0n0s626vavyxtc6diugbr7o7c 1542659 1542656 2026-05-14T11:16:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542659 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style=" display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 0.5px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 7px; padding: 1px 2px; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1; width: min-content; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="font-size: 8px;">✔</span> <span>Imeidhinishwa</span> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} Micro-badge with a tight shrink-wrap border. == Usage == {{Imeidhinishwa}} </noinclude> kw0dw84js8phz04g09srzib7g5p0hkc 0 234841 1542649 2026-05-14T11:03:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542649 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><span style=" display: inline-flex; align-items: center; background-color: #f8fff8; border: 0.5px solid #2e7d32; color: #2e7d32; font-weight: bold; font-size: 0.75em; padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 3px; line-height: 1.2; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="margin-right: 3px; font-size: 1em;">✔</span> Imeidhinishwa </span></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This template displays a small green "Verified" badge using the Swahili word "Imeidhinishwa". == Usage == Type {{tl|Imeidhinishwa}} to display this badge on any page. </noinclude> 45l6ncsx0loy87x71l2287evz5j6efe 10 234842 1542661 2026-05-14T11:20:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542661 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style=" display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; background-color: #fffaf0; border: 0.5px solid #ef6c00; color: #ef6c00; font-weight: bold; font-size: 7px; padding: 1px 2px; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1; width: min-content; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="font-size: 8px;">⟳</span> <span>Inasubiri</span> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This is a micro-sized orange "Pending" badge using the Swahili word "Inasubiri". == Usage == Type {{tl|Inasubiri}} to use it. </noinclude> knlwm50ia1mcz0bfkttcouyfnt4fikt 0 234843 1542667 2026-05-14T11:36:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542667 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style=" display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; background-color: #fff5f5; border: 0.5px solid #d32f2f; color: #d32f2f; font-weight: bold; font-size: 7px; padding: 1px 2px; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1; width: min-content; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="font-size: 8px;">✘</span> <span>Haijathibitishwa</span> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This is a micro-sized red "Unverified" badge using the Swahili word "Haijathibitishwa". == Usage == Type {{tl|Haijathibitishwa}} to use it. </noinclude> oaok7bd3i0yfpbsm5btlexxqnkhxalz 10 234844 1542670 2026-05-14T11:39:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Bot: replaced entire article content 1542670 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style=" display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; background-color: #fff5f5; border: 0.5px solid #d32f2f; color: #d32f2f; font-weight: bold; font-size: 7px; padding: 1px 2px; border-radius: 2px; line-height: 1; width: min-content; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <span style="font-size: 8px;">✘</span> <span>Haijathibitishwa</span> </div></includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} This is a micro-sized red "Unverified" badge using the Swahili word "Haijathibitishwa". == Usage == Type {{tl|Haijathibitishwa}} to use it. </noinclude> oaok7bd3i0yfpbsm5btlexxqnkhxalz 0 234845 1542673 2026-05-14T11:45:23Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Landry Hazoumé''' (10 Juni 1940 – 22 Agosti 2012)[1] alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mshairi wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin kuanzia mwaka 1987 hadi 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foreign ministers A-D|url=http://rulers.org/fm1.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] d3d5eyeq3wjf9matxguf034zftnty14 0 234846 1542674 2026-05-14T11:50:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542674 wikitext text/x-wiki Jerome Sacca Kina Guezere (1952[1] – 11 Januari 2005) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Makamu wa Nne wa Pan-African Parliament ya African Union.[2] Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza kuwa mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa la Benin katika uchaguzi wa bunge wa mwaka 1991 na akachaguliwa tena mwaka 1995. Mwaka 1994 alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha Action Front for Renewal and Development (FARD-Alafia). Kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 1998, alihudumu kama Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Vijijini chini ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou.[1] Katika uchaguzi wa bunge wa Machi 1999, alichaguliwa tena kuwa mbunge kama mgombea wa FARD-Alafia,[3] na baada ya uchaguzi huo akawa Rais wa Kundi la Kibunge la Solidarity and Progress.[4] Katika uchaguzi wa bunge wa Machi 2003, alichaguliwa kama mgombea wa Union for Future Benin (UBF),[5] ambapo FARD-Alafia ilikuwa mojawapo ya vyama vilivyounda muungano huo. Pia aliwahi kuwa Makamu wa Kwanza wa Bunge la Taifa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Pan-African Parliament|url=http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/organs/Pan-African_Parliament_en.htm|work=www.africa-union.org|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] cgahqjjce8bb0ne549qzm7hega94g2f 0 234847 1542677 2026-05-14T11:55:08Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1542677 wikitext text/x-wiki Joseph Houessou Gnonlonfoun (amezaliwa mwaka 1943) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Benin. Gnonlonfoun alizaliwa mjini Porto-Novo na alipata elimu yake ndani na nje ya nchi. Alikuwa mshirika wa Albert Tévoédjrè na aliongoza chama chake cha kisiasa cha Ensemble National.[1] Alikuwa makamu wa rais wa Mahakama ya Mwanzo ya Cotonou kati ya mwaka 1970 na 1970, na mwaka 1973 alikuwa mwanachama mbadala wa Baraza Kuu la Mahakimu. Kati ya mwaka 1980 hadi 1982 alikuwa mfungwa wa kisiasa katika kambi za kijeshi. Kuanzia 1989 hadi 1991 alikuwa Katibu Mkuu wa Tume ya Haki za Binadamu ya Benin (CBHD), na alihudumu katika Bunge la Taifa kuanzia 1991 hadi 1995. Alifanya kazi kwa miaka kadhaa kama mshauri wa sheria wa World Bank kuanzia 1995 hadi 1997, na kwa Inter-Parliamentary Union mjini Geneva kuanzia 1996 hadi 1998.[2] Gnonlonfoun alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria chini ya Rais Mathieu Kérékou kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2003.[1] Pia alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Benin mwaka 2003. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dny5faehgkmoa0bs8nagbvkofpkdj4n