Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3074 50549 47961 2026-06-13T05:55:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Botswana Place|image=GantsiHighStreet.jpg|BotswanaMap={{Location map|Botswana |width = 240 |float = none |lat_deg = -21.42 |lon_deg = 21.39 }}|District=Ghanzi|Population=21,420|Elevation=1,420 m (4,660 ft)}} '''Ghanzi''' ke toropo e e mo gare ga [[Sekaka sa Kalahari]] karolo e e kwa bophirima jwa Rephaboliki ya Botswana mo borwa jwa Aforika. Kgaolo eno e itsege mo teng ga naga ka madirelo a yone a nama ya kgomo. Tota e bile, balemibarui ba Ghanzi ba tlamela ka diperesente di ka nna 75% tsa diromelwantle tsa nama ya kgomo ya bosetšhaba, go ya ka Khomišene ya Nama ya Botswana, bogolosegolo kwa United Kingdom le kwa Yuropa.<ref>mindq (2017-04-25). [https://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/explore/ghanzi "Ghanzi"]. ''Botswana Tourism Organisation''. Retrieved 2021-04-16.</ref> Ka nako ya palobatho ya 2021, go ne go na le batho ba le 21,420 ba ba nnang mo toropong le ba bangwe ba le 6,900 gaufi le yone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160822115533/http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=160&Itemid=107 "80 GHANZI"]. Republic of Botswana Central Statistics office. Archived from [http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=160&Itemid=107 the original] on 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2011-05-09.</ref> Ghanzi ke bogare jwa tsamaiso ya Kgaolo ya Ghanzi mme e tsewa e le "motsemogolo" wa kgaolo, ka e le yone e kgolo go gaisa go ya ka palo ya batho le selekanyo sa thutafatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260305125828/https://www.botswana-info.com/country/province/20/ghanzi-district "Botswana - Ghanzi District".] ''www.botswana-info.com''. Retrieved 2021-04-16.</ref>Sedika sa Ghanzi se bogolo jwa disekwerekilometara di le 117 910 (diheketara di le 29 140 000) mme se bapile le [[Ngamiland]] kwa bokone, Sedika sa Bogare kwa botlhaba, le Kgaolo ya Kgalagadi le Kweneg kwa borwa. Molelwane wa yone wa bophirima o tlhakanetswe le [[Namibia]]. == Leina == Go peleta mo gongwe ga Ghanzi go akaretsa "Gantsi" - e e tsamaelanang thata le [[Setswana]], puo ya setshaba ya Botswana - "Ghansi"; le "Gantsi". Gape go ile ga bolelwa gore dithanolo tse di farologaneng tsa Ghanzi tota di tswa mo lefokong la [[puo ya Naro]] "Gaentsii", le le kayang "marago a magolo a a rurugileng", le le kayang karolo ya mmele wa tshephe, mme moragonyana dikgomo tse di neng di phuthegela go dikologa pane mo lefelong leo. == Hisetori == Moaforikaner wa ntlha go nna kwa Ghanzi e ne e le [[Hendrik van Zyl]] yo o neng a phatsima, yo o neng a kgabaganya Kalahari mme a tlhoma kgwebo e nnye ya go tsoma le go gweba mo lefelong leo ka 1870 mme a bona khumo e e feteletseng mo kgwebong ya dinaka tsa tlou. Le fa go ntse jalo, khudugo ya ntlha e e bonalang ya Maburu kwa Ghanzi e simolotse ka 1897–1898. Lefelo le gompieno le itsegeng ka leina la Ghanzi le ne la bidiwa "Kamp". Otele ya Kalahari Arms le banka ya Barclays kwa Ghanzi ke dingwe tsa dikgwebo tsa ntlha tse di simolotsweng kwa Ghanzi. Motse wa Ghanzi e ne e le setlhogo sa athikele ya LA Times ya 1988 e e neng e tlhalosa kamano e e atamalaneng magareng ga baagi ba Afrikaner le bushmen. Ka nako eo, go ne go sena radio kgotsa thelebišene kwa Ghanzi, mme Hotele ya Kalahari Arms, e e neng e dikologilwe ke terata e e bogodimo jwa dikgato di le boferabongwe go dira gore ditau di se ka tsa tsena, e ne e le yone fela bara le lefelo la go ijesa monate mo lefelong leo.<ref>Myre, Greg. "Afrikaners Amid the Bushmen of the Kalahari: Botswana Outpost Bends Black, White." LA Times [Los Angeles] 10 Jan. 1988: n. pag. Print.</ref> == Baagi == Ghanzi ke lefelo la merafe e e farologaneng jaaka maAfrikanere, [[Basarwa]], [[Bakgalagadi]] le [[Baherero]], ba botlhe ba nang le mowa wa go itshokelana. Banni ba lefelo leno ba bua dipuo tse di farologaneng jaaka [[Seburu]], [[Sekgoa]], [[Sesarwa]], Setswana, Sekgalagadi le [[Seherero]], mme puo ya bone e e tlwaelegileng ke Se-Shekgalagari le Se-Naro. Le fa go se na tshedimosetso e e leng teng ka ga dipalo tsa ga jaana tsa baagi ba Maaforikanere, ka 1973, Maburu a Kalahari a ne a dira bokana ka 10% ya baagi kwa Ghanzi.<ref>Russell, Margo and Martin Russell. "Ghanzi Afrikaners 1973: a domestic description", Afrikaners of the Kalahari. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. 40-57. Cambridge Books Online. Web. 13 April 2016.</ref> == Metswedi == [[Category:Botswana]] a9wpwvo1rnehdb4ymx172udoddc0gd0 3 3187 50528 26391 2026-06-12T19:43:00Z Leaderbot 10917 /* Notice of expiration of your sysop right */ new section 50528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{dumela|Iketsi}} == Help decide the future of Wikimania == [[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text.svg|right|100px]] The Wikimedia Foundation is currently running [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Towards_a_New_Wikimania|a consultation on the value and planning process of Wikimania]], and is open until 18 January 2016. The goals are to (1) build a shared understanding of the value of Wikimania to help guide conference planning and evaluation, and (2) gather broad community input on what new form(s) Wikimania could take (starting in 2018). '''After reviewing the consultation, [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_3UcJpRQvVOlPvUx we'd like to hear your feedback on on this survey.]''' In addition, feel free to [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_3UcJpRQvVOlPvUx share any personal experiences you have had at at a Wikimedia movement conference], including Wikimania. We plan to compile and share back outcomes from this consultation in February. With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] [[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|(talk)]], from [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]] 21:32, 13 Firikgong 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Towards_a_New_Wikimania/UserTargets&oldid=15240103 --> == ''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Towards a New Wikimania|Towards a New Wikimania]]'' results == [[File:Wikimania logo with text.svg|right|100px]] Last December, I invited you to share your views on the value of Wikimedia conferences and the planning process of Wikimania. We have completed analysis of these results and have prepared '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Towards a New Wikimania/Outcomes|this report summarizing your feedback and important changes for Wikimania]]''' starting in 2018 as an experiment. Feedback and comments are welcome at the [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Towards a New Wikimania/Outcomes|discussion page]]. Thank you so much for your participation. [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], 22:47, 8 Tlhakole 2016 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Towards_a_New_Wikimania/UserTargets&oldid=15309686 --> == Reaching out == Hi User:Shoodho I'm reaching out to you to find out if you are based in Botswana and if you know about the Wikimedia community in Botswana and the WikiIndaba annual conference where African Wikimedians meet to discuss Wiki projects, challenges and capacitate African Wikimedians. I f you need more information on how you can attend WikiIndaba or would like to connect with the community please don't hesitate to contact me on my personal email bobbyshabangu@gmail.com or my talk page [[User:Bobbyshabangu|Bobbyshabangu]] ([[User talk:Bobbyshabangu|talk]]) 10:13, 24 Phatwe 2019 (UTC) == Reaching out == Hi User:Shoodho I'm reaching out to you to find out if you are based in Botswana and if you know about the Wikimedia community in Botswana and the WikiIndaba annual conference where African Wikimedians meet to discuss Wiki projects, challenges and capacitate African Wikimedians. I f you need more information on how you can attend WikiIndaba or would like to connect with the community please don't hesitate to contact me on my personal email bobbyshabangu@gmail.com or my talk page [[User:Bobbyshabangu|Bobbyshabangu]] ([[User talk:Bobbyshabangu|talk]]) 10:17, 24 Phatwe 2019 (UTC) == Dumela == Ke go romela molaetsa o ka ke bone diphetogo tsa gago tse disha re ka itumela thata fa o ka tswelelela o thusa mo Wikipedia ya Setswana. Ke a leboga [[User:Rebel Agent|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:red; text-shadow:black 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em;">'''Rebel'''^Agent</span>]] [[User talk:Rebel Agent|<span style="font-family:Segoe print; color:blue;">^{bua le nna}</span>]] 02:54, 6 Phukwi 2022 (UTC) :Tanki from [[User talk:Shoodho|Shoodho]] [[User:Shoodho|Shoodho]] ([[User talk:Shoodho|talk]]) 15:27, 6 Phukwi 2022 (UTC) == Notice of expiration of your sysop right == <div dir="ltr">Hi, as part of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], this is an automated reminder to let you know that your permission "sysop" (Administrators) will expire on 2026-06-19 05:47:05. Please renew this right if you would like to continue using it. <i>In other languages: [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot/Messages/default|click here]]</i> [[Modirisi:Leaderbot|Leaderbot]] ([[Puisano ya modirisi:Leaderbot|talk]]) 21:43, 12 Seetebosigo 2026 (CAT)</div> deo0rikcjo8tofd2rrnrjhcnrjvu3j3 0 5080 50531 27153 2026-06-13T00:09:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Alexandria | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = Toropo | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_caption = | latd = 33 |latm = 39.2 |lats = |latNS=S | longd = 26 |longm = 24.5 |longs = | image_skyline = Alexandria Dutch Reformed Church.JPG | image_caption = The Dutch Reformed Church, a Provincial Heritage Site,<ref>{{cite web|title=9/2/005/0004- Dutch Reformed Church Voortrekker Street Alexandria|url=http://196.35.231.29/sahra/HeritageSitesDetail.aspx?id=21457|publisher=South African Heritage Resource Agency}}</ref> in Alexandria | subdivision_type = Naga | subdivision_name = [[Aforika Borwa]] | subdivision_type1 = Profense | subdivision_name1 = [[Kapa Botlhaba]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts tsa Aforika Borwa|Karolwana]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Karolwana sa Sarah Baartman|Sarah Baartman]] | subdivision_type3 = Masepala | subdivision_name3 = Ndlambe | elevation_m = | area_footnotes = <ref name=census2011>Main Places [https://web.archive.org/web/20171128122845/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/265008 Alexandria] le [https://web.archive.org/web/20171128122850/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/265009 KwaNonkqubela] ''Census 2011''.</ref> | area_total_km2 = 3.53 | population_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | population_total = 5252 | population_as_of = 2011 <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | demographics_type1 = Ditlhopha tsa batho | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantsho]] | demographics1_info1 = 77.4% | demographics1_title2 = [[MaKhalathi]] | demographics1_info2 = 16.3% | demographics1_title3 = [[MaIndia]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.3% | demographics1_title4 = [[Basweu]] | demographics1_info4 = 5.2% | demographics1_title5 = Ba bangwe | demographics1_info5 = 0.8% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | demographics_type2 = Maleme | demographics2_title1 = [[Sethosa]] | demographics2_info1 = 72.8% | demographics2_title2 = [[Afrikaans]] | demographics2_info2 = 20.3% | demographics2_title3 = [[Sekgoga]] | demographics2_info3 = 4.2% | demographics2_title4 = | demographics2_info4 = | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 2.7% | postal_code_type = Nomoro ya poso | postal_code = 6185 | area_code_type = Nomoro ya mogala | area_code = 046 }} '''Alexandria''' ke setoropo sa [[Kapa Botlhaba]] mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} ==Dikgolagano== {{Commons category|Alexandria, Eastern Cape}} {{EasternCape-geo-stub}} [[Karolo:Mafelo]] b0eljr8mhj12g20698vgyxfvuivvfkf 0 8696 50604 50290 2026-06-13T11:19:46Z Tefo Rantaung 12865 50604 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Mwamongu_water_source.jpg|thumb|222x222px|Motswedi wa metsi kwa motseng wa Mwamanogu , Tanzania. Kwa Meatu District, Kgaolo ya Shinyanga , metsi gantsi a tswa mo mafuting a a bulegileng a a epilweng mo motlhabeng o o fa tlase ga dinoka tse di omeletseng mme a ka tswa a kgotlhelesegile]] Diponelopele di supa fa tlhaelo ya metsi mo kgaolong ya [[Aferika|Aforika]] e tlaabo e goletse pele ka ngwaga wa 2025, go fopholeditswe gore bobedi mo borarong jwa dipalopalo tsa batho mo lefatsheng ka bophara di tla itemogela tlhaelo ya metsi a a phepha e bile a babalesegile. Tlhaelo e ya metsi e bakiwa ke kgolo e e bofefo ya dipalo tsa batho, tlhaelo ya madi le lefatshe go itepatepanya le palo ya batho e e tlhokang metsi, le phetogo ya seemo sa bosa le loapi. Tlhaelo ya metsi ke letlhoko la metsi a phepa go itepatepanya le patlo e e kwa godimo ya metsi.<ref>[https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity "Water Scarcity | Threats | WWF"]. ''World Wildlife Fund''. Retrieved 2020-11-29.</ref> Le ntswa kgaolo e e kwa borwa ja sekaka sa Sahara e na le motswedi o montsi wa metsi a pula, e bonwa ka dipaka dingwe mme ebile e sa ne lefelo lotlhe, se se baka merwalela le komelelo gangwe le gape.<ref name=":0">[https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/africa.shtml "International Decade for Action: Water for Life 2005-2015".] Retrieved 1 April 2013.</ref> Fa godimo ga foo, dikgang tsa kgolo ya itsholelo le lehuma fa di kopanngwa le kgolo ya bofefo ya palo ya batho le go fuduga ga batho go ya kwa ditoropong go bakile gore kgaolo ya borwa jwa Sahara e nne yone e e humanegileng e bile e sa tlhabologa go gaisa dikgaolo tsotlhe.<ref name=":0" /> Pego ya ngwaga wa 2012 e e neng e kwalwa ke ba [[:en:Food_and_Agriculture_Organization|Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]], e supa fa go golela pele ga tlhaelo ya metsi e le nngwe ya sekgoreletsi se se kwa pele mo tlhabologong.<ref>FAO (2012). [https://www.fao.org/3/i3015e/i3015e.pdf Coping with water scarcity - An action framework for agriculture and food security], FAO Rome.</ref> Se ke ka ntata ya gore mekgatsha ya dinoka e le mentsi e itemogela tlhaelo ya metsi ka patlo ya metsi ya temothuo le makalana a mangwe e tsweletse ka go golela pele. Tlhaelo ya metsi mo Aforika e amile tsa botsogo (segolo jang bomme le bana) go tsena ka tsa thuto, go ntsha maduo mo go tsa temothuo, tlhabololo le kgonagalo ya dikgogakgogano tse dingwe ka metsi. Go baakanya kgang ya tlhaelo ya metsi mo Aforika, lekgotla la United Nations Economic Commission for Africa le gatelela botlhokwa jwa go beeletsa madi mo tlhabololong ya metswedi e e nang le kgonagalo ya go ntsha metsi mo Aforika. Se se ka tlhabolola tshireletso ya dijo le metsi le go sireletsa kgolo ya itsholelo ka go laola komelelo, merwalela le sekaka.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230405134353/https://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/25038/Bib-53926.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Management Options to Enhance Survival and Growth" (]PDF). Retrieved 05 April 2023</ref> == Tshimologo == [[Setshwantsho:Local_Girls_in_Babile_Ethiopia_2012.jpg|thumb|Basetsana ba lefelo leo ba ba tswang kwa Babile (Ethiopia) ba tlatsa dithini tsa metsi a polasetiki mo motsweding o mogolo wa metsi wa lefelo leo.]] Kgaolo ya borwa jwa sekaka sa Sahara ya sub-saharan Africa, e na le palo e ntsi ya mafatshe a a tlhaelelwang ke metsi go fetisa mafelo otlhe mo lefatsheng, mo palong e e akanyediwang ya di milione di le makgolo a ferabobedi ya batho ba ba nnang mo Aforika, makgolo a le mararo a nna mo tikologong e e senang metsi.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160401234042/http://www.gisclimat.fr/manifestation-scientifique/conf%C3%A9rence-%E2%80%9Cwater-scarcity-africa-issues-and-challenges%E2%80%9D "Archive: Conference on Water Scarcity in Africa: Issues and Challenges"]. Archived from the original on 1 April 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.</ref> Go ya ka dipatlisiso tse di boletsweng kwa bokopanong jwa ngwaga wa 2012 jwa tlhaelo ya metsi mo Aforika: mathata le dikgwetlho "Water Scarcity in Africa: Issues and Challenges", go akanyediwa fa ka ngwaga wa 2030, batho ba le dimilione di le masome a supa le botlhano go ya kwa go ba le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano jwa di milione mo Aforika ba tla bo ba nna mo dikgaolong tse di tlhaelang metsi mo go ka bakang phudugo ya batho ba ka nna di milione di le masome a mabedi le bone go ema ka ba le di milione di le makgolo a supa, ka jaana mafelo a o a tla bo a sa tlhole a nnega.<ref name=":2" /> Tlhaelo ya metsi ke letlhoko la metsi a a phepha go mekamekana le palo ya batho ba ba dirisang metsi. Go na le mefuta e le mebedi ya tlhaelo ya metsi: tlhaelo ya metsi ka bo one le tlhaelo ya metsi e e amanang le itsholelo. Tlhaelo ya metsi ke fa go sena metsi a a lekaneng batho ba ba a dirisang go akaretsa a a tlhokafalang gore dimela, diphologolo le tikologo di nne sentle. Mafelo a a omeletseng jaaka legare le bophirima jwa Asia le borwa jwa Aforika, gantsi a lebanwa ke tlhaelo ya metsi. Tlhaelo ya metsi e e itebagantseng le itsholelo yone ke ka lebaka la go tlhoka go beeletsa madi mo didirisiweng kgotsa maanyane go epa metsi mo melapong, maje a a ntshang metsi le metswedi e mengwe ya metsi, kgotsa tlhaelo ya batho ba ba dirisang metsi. Bophara jwa kgaolo ya borwa jwa Sahara e itemogela tlhaelo ya metsi e e amanang le itsholelo. Go na le metsi a a phepa mo lefatsheng ka bophara a a lekaneng e bilwe go akanyediwa fa a ka lekana batho ba ba a tlhokang, Ka jalo, tlhaelo ya metsi e bakiwa ke pharologanyo gareng ga gore batho ba tlhoka metsi ba le ko kae le gore leng le gore metsi one a ko kae ebile a nna teng leng. Sengwe sa dilo tse di bakang kgolo ya batho ba ba tlhokang metsi ke kgolo ya palo ya batho mo lefatsheng, go tlhabolola seemo sa botshelo, go fetola methale ya ka fa go jewang ka teng (sekai, go ja se diphologolong di se ntshang) le go atolosa temo e e nosediwang. Phetogo ya bosa (go akaretsa merwalela le komelelo), go epiwa ga ditlhare, kgotlhelo ya metsi le go dirisa metsi botlhaswa go ka baka tlhaelo ya metsi. Tlhaelo ga e tshwane ka ntata ya go nna teng ga pula ka tlholego, mme go farologanngwa thata ke melao ya tsa itsholelo, maano le ditsela tsa go laola tiriso ga beteledipele. === Pharologano go ya ka dikgaolo === Dikgaolo tsa bokone jwa Africa le ya Sub-Sahara di itemogela go gatela pele mo seelong sa tlhabololo sa [[:en:Millennium_Development_Goals|Millennium Development Goal]] ka lobelo lo lo farologaneng.<ref name=":0" /> Fa masome a ferabongwe le bobedi mo lekgolong jwa Aforika bo na le metsi a phepa, Sub-Sahara yone ke masome a le marataro fela mo lekgolong a a nang le metsi a babalesegileng go nowa - se se tlogela masome a mane mo lekgolo a batho ba le di milione di le makgolo a supa masome a ferabobedi le boraro mo kgaolong e o ba ba senang metsi.<ref name=":0" /> Dingwe tsa dipharologano mo go nneng teng ga metsi a a babalesegileng go nowa di bakiwa ke seemo se se maswe sa bosa sa Aforika. Le ntswa kgaolo ya Sub-Saraha e na le metsi a mantsi, a bonwa ka dipaka dingwe e bile ga a anama le lefatshe, se se baka merwalela le dikomelelo.<ref name=":0" /> Fa godimo ga foo, tlhabologo ya itsholelo le lehuma, ga mmogo le kgolo ya palo ya batho le phudugo go ya kwa ditoropong, go bakile gore kgaolo ya borwa jwa Sahara e nne yone e e humanegileng e bile e sa tlhabologa go gaisa dikgaolo tsotlhe.<ref name=":0" /> Ka jalo kgwetlho e ya lehuma e kgoreletsa ditoropo di le dintsi mo kgaolong go ka ntsha metsi a a babalesegileng go nowa le kgopo ya metsi a a leswe, le go hema kwelo tlase ya boleng jwa metsi le fa go nna le ditshono tsa go rarabolola mathata a a metsi.<ref name=":0" /> Koketsego ya palo ya batho le yone e baka go oketsega ga mafelo a go nniwang mo go one a a tshabelelwang ke merwalela e bile a le borai.<ref name=":0" /> Pego ya mo bosheng ya [[:en:Sustainable_Development_Goal_6|SDG goal 6]] e umakile dintlha di le mmalwa ka seemo sa metsi mo kgaolong ya Sub-Sahara di akaretsa go sa nneng phepa le ka go amang seemo sa dikotla bogolo jang mo baneng ka ntata ya koketsego ya malwetsi a a tshelanwang. Gape, bongwe mo borarong jwa batho ba ba nnang mo kgaolong ya Sub-Sahara ba mo kotsing ya tlala ka ntlha ya go tlhoka dijo. Kgaolo e gape e tlhaela metsi a a babalesegileng go nowa ka di peresente di le masome a supa le borataro jwa lekgolo fa 6% ya kgaolo ya [[:en:Europe|Europa]] le Bokone jwa [[:en:United_States|Amerika]] bo sa akarediwe.<ref>United Nations. Goal 6: Ensure Access to Water and Sanitation for All. Sustainable Development Goals. [https://d306pr3pise04h.cloudfront.net/docs/publications%2FSDG6_SR2018.pdf https://www.unglobalcompact.org/docs/publications/SDG6_SR2018.pdf]</ref> == Tse di bakang tlhaelo ya metsi == === Tlhaelo ya metsi le itsholelo === Tlhaelo ya metsi ke tlholego mme gape go dirwa ke motho.<ref>[https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml "Water Scarcity: The Importance of Water & Access".] Retrieved 18 March 2012.</ref> Ka jalo go botlhokwa go kgaoganya ka mefuta e le mebedi: Tlhaelo ka ntata ya itsholelo, le tlhaelo ka tlholego. Tlhaelo ya itsholelo ke ka go bo go bona motswedi o o ikanyegang e bile o babalesegile wa metsi go o ja nako e bile go tura. Tlhaelo ya metsi ka tlholego yone ke fa go sena metsi a alekaneng mo kgaolong nngwe.<ref>[https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/ "Water Scarcity: The Importance of Water & Access"]. Retrieved 18 March 2012.</ref> United Nations Commission for Africa ya ngwaga wa 2006, e akanyetsa fa batho ba le di milione di le makgolo a mararo go tswa mo go ba le di milione di le makgolo a ferabobedi ba ba nnang mo kgaolong ya Aforika ba tshelela mo tikologong e e tlhaelang metsi.<ref name=":1" /> Segolo bogolo kwa bokone jwa Aforika le borwa jwa Aforika, go ya godimo ga mogote le phetego ya seemo sa bosa go okeditse modikologo wa go na ga dipula se sa baka gore dipaka tsa komelelo di omelele go gaisa, mme ga oketsa dipaka tsa lenyora tse di tseneletseng ebile di nna kgapetsakgapetsa. Se se ama go nna teng, boleng le bontsi jwa metsi ka metsi a ile kwa tlase mo melapong le mo megobeng le go omeletsa maje a a ntshang metsi kwa bokone le borwa jwa dikgaolo tsa Aforika.[[Setshwantsho:Severity_of_African_Drought.jpg|thumb|326x326px|Bogolo jwa komelelo ya Aforika bo tlhalositswe mo mafelong a a farologaneng.]]Ngwe ya tse di akareditsweng mo karolong ya tlhaelo ya metsi ke kgang ya go dirisiwa botlhaswa kgotsa go tlhoka go tlhokomela tiriso ya metsi. Se se ama go fokotsega ga makadiba a magolo mo Aforika, a akaretsa la Nakivale, Nakuru le lekadiba la [[:en:Lake_Chad|Lake Chad]], le le gonyetseng ka lesome mo lekgolong la botona jwa lone jwa pele.<ref name=":3">[https://www.un-ilibrary.org/content/books/9789210576956c007/read "Water Scarcity, Risk, and Vulnerability"]. Retrieved 05April 2023</ref> Ka tsa melao, tlhotlheletso ya tiriso e e fetileng selekanyo ke dingwe tsa tse di tsisang tshenyo, bogolo jang fa go lebilwe go epa metsi mo lefatsheng. Mo metsing a a mo lefatsheng, fa pompo e setse e tsentswe, molao wa mafatshe ka bontsi ke go e ntsha fela fa ba lebile gore motlakase o lopa bokae le go fokotsa tlhwatlhwa ya motlakase mo go tsa temothuo, selo se se senya tsela ya go babalela didirisiwa tsa go nna jalo.<ref name=":3" /> Fagodimo ga foo, mafatshe a le mantsi mo Aforika a isitse tlhwatlhwa ya metsi kwa tlase ga seelo, ka jalo ba sa rotloetse go dirisa metsi sentle.<ref name=":3" /> === Phetogo ya loapi === Go ya ka bokopano jwa Africa Partnership Forum, le ntswa Aforika e le kontinente e kwa tlase mo go tse di bakang phetogo ya loapi, ke yone kontinente e e amiwang thata ke ditlamorago tsa yone phetogo e. Go fetoga ga ka fa dipula di nang ka teng go ama temo go bo go fokotsa tshireletso ya dijo, go bo go kgotlhela tshireletso ya metsi; go fokotsa ditlhapi mo metsing ka ntlha ya mogote o montsi; go bo go fetola ka fa malwetsi a a bakiwang go lomiwa ke ditshidinyana a tsenang ka teng, go ya ko godimo ga metsi a lewatle go ama mafelo a a agetsweng kwa tlase mme a na le dipalo tse di kwa godimo tsa batho.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230405134354/http://www.adaptationnow.dk/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Climate_Change_in_Africa.pdf "Climate Change in Africa"] (PDF). Retrieved 05 April 2023.</ref> Dieemo tse di ka ama boleng le bontsi jwa metsi a bana ba a tlhokang go ka tshela.<ref>[https://www.unicef.org/stories/water-and-climate-change-10-things-you-should-know "Water and the global climate crisis: 10 things you should know"]. ''www.unicef.org''. Retrieved 2020-11-29.</ref> Dipatlisiso di akanyetsa fa ka ngwaga wa 20150 pula mo Sub-Saharan Africa e tla wela tlase ka lesome mo lekgolong, mo go tla baka tlhaelo ya metsi e e tseneletseng. Phokotsego e ya lesome mo lekgolong e tla fokotsa kgopo ka lesome le bosupa mo lekgolong mme mafelo a a itemogelang di milimithara di le makgolo a matlhano go ya kwa makgolo a ferabobedi a dipula a tla bona kwelo tlase ka masome a matlhano go ya kwa go le a mararo mo lekgolong mo kelelong ya metsi mo godimo ga lefatshe.<ref>Stocker, Thomas (2014). [https://www.worldcat.org/title/879855060 ''Climate change 2013: the physical science basis : Working Group I contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change''. ISBN&#x20;<bdi>978-1-107-05799-9</bdi>. OCLC&#x20;879855060.]</ref> Pego ya Human Development e akanyetsa gape fa mogote o tla ya kwa godimo ka pula e tla bo e fokotsegile ka lesome mo lekgolong mo dikgaolong tse di mo teng ga Aforika.<ref name=":3" /> Komelelo le merwalela di supiwa fa ele tsone tse di borai mo tlhaelong ya metsi.<ref>Reinacher, L. (2013 Oct 3). The Water Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Borgen Project.</ref> Go thuthafala mo e tla bo e le mo go kwa godimo mo dikgaolong tse di sa itemogeleng pula e ntsi kwa Sahara, go bapa le Sahel le mafelo a a mo borwa jwa Aforika.<ref name=":3" /> === '''Basadi le basetsana''' === Maemo a a sa tshwaneng a basadi le banna ba Afrika a dira gore go nne le dipharologano mo maikarabelo a metsi, ditshwanelo, le go tsena, mme ka jalo basadi ba Afrika ba imelwa thata ke tlhaelo ya metsi a a phepa a a nowang. Mo ditšhabeng di le dintsi tsa Aforika, basadi ba bonwa jaaka bakgethisi, batsamaisi, le batlhokomedi ba metsi, bogolo jang mo tikologong ya mo gae e e akaretsang ditiro tsa mo gae, go apaya, go tlhatswa, le go godisa bana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Impacts of Water Scarcity on Women's Life |url=http://www.worldpulse.com/node/20165 |access-date=1 April 2012 |archive-date=12 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312213301/http://worldpulse.com/node/20165 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ka ntlha ya ditiro tse di tlwaelegileng tsa bong, basadi ba patelesega go dirisa mo e ka nnang diperesente di le masome a marataro tsa letsatsi lengwe le lengwe go kgobokanya metsi, se se rayang gore basadi ba bereke diura di ka nna dimilione di le 200 mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka letsatsi le go fokotsega ga nako e e leng teng ya thuto.<ref name="wac">{{Cite web|title=Women Affected by the Crisis|url=http://water.org/learn-about-the-water-crisis/women|access-date=18 March 2012|archive-date=5 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205050519/http://water.org/learn-about-the-water-crisis/women|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mo basading ba Baafrika, tiro ya bone ya letsatsi le letsatsi mo go ntsheng metsi a a phepa gantsi e raya go rwala jerrycan e e tlwaelegileng e e ka nnang bokete jwa dikilogerama di le 40 fa e tletse ka palogare ya dikilometara di le thataro ka letsatsi.<ref name="WS">{{Cite web|title=Water Scarcity: The Importance of Water & Access|url=http://thewaterproject.org/water_scarcity.asp|access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref><ref name="bpn">{{Cite web|title=The Facts About The Global Drinking Water Crisis|url=http://blueplanetnetwork.org/water/facts|access-date=18 March 2012|archive-date=5 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905053406/http://blueplanetnetwork.org/water/facts|url-status=dead}}</ref> Seno se na le ditlamorago tsa boitekanelo tse di jaaka go senyega ga marapo go go nnelang ruri ka ntlha ya go rwala metsi a a bokete mo mafelong a maleele letsatsi le letsatsi, se se fetolang go nna kgatelelo ya mmele e e oketsang go ngomoga pelo, nako e e okeditsweng ya go fola boitekanelo, le go fokotsega ga bokgoni jwa go ya kwa mafelong a thuto ka tsela e se ka dirwang ka yone ka mmele, mme gape le go tsaya thuto ka tlhaloganyo ka ntlha ya kgatelelo mo go direng ditshwetso le bokgoni jwa go gakologelwa.<ref name="WWD">{{Cite web|title=Coping With Water Scarcity: Challenge of the 21st Century|url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/docs/escarcity.pdf|access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> Gape, go ya ka boitekanelo, go bona metsi a a babalesegileng le a a phepa a go nwa go dira gore go nne le tshireletso e kgolwane kgatlhanong le malwetse le malwetse a a anamisiwang ke metsi a a oketsang bokgoni jwa baithuti botlhe jwa go tsena sekolo. === Temothuo === [[Setshwantsho:Crop_limit,_Nile_Valley-2.jpg|thumb|Kgato ya Ethiopia ya go tlatsa letamo la Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam e ka fokotsa go elela ga Nile ka 25% le go senya dipolase tsa Egepeto.<ref>{{Cite news|title=In Africa, War Over Water Looms As Ethiopia Nears Completion Of Nile River Dam|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/02/27/589240174/in-africa-war-over-water-looms-as-ethiopia-nears-completion-of-nile-river-dam?t=1595668819363}}</ref>]] Go ya ka UN Economic Commission for Africa le New Partnership for Africa's Development, "go nosetsa go botlhokwa thata mo go fitlheleleng tlhagiso e e okeditsweng ya temothuo e e botlhokwa mo tlhabololong ya ikonomi le go fitlhelela pabalesego ya dijo". Bontsi jwa baagi ba kwa magaeng a Aforika ga ba kgone go dirisa bokgoni jwa bone jwa go nosetsa.<ref name="WWD"/> Temothuo ya go nosetsa e tsaya fela 20% ya mefuta ya temothuo mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name="green">Kauffman, J., Mantel, S., Ringersma, J., Dijkshoorn, J., Van Lynden, G., Dent, D. Making Better Use of Green Water in Sub-Saharan Africa.</ref> Mo Afrika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara, dipuso di nnile le seabe se segolo mo tlhabololong ya go nosetsa. Go simolola ka dingwaga tsa bo1960, batho ba ba neng ba ntsha meneelo jaaka Banka ya Lefatshe ba ne ba tshegetsa dipuso tseno tsa Aforika mo tlhabololong ya ditsamaiso tsa go nosetsa.<ref name="gdn">Kadigi, R., Tesfay, G., Bizoza, A., Zinabou, G. (2013). Global Development Network GDN Working Paper Series Irrigation and Water Use Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa Working Paper No. 63. Global Development Network. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263464548</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, mo dingwageng tse di latelang, temothuo ya go nosetsa e tlhagisitse thobo e e kwa tlase go feta e e neng e solofetswe.<ref name="green" /> Go ya ka Banka ya Lefatshe temothuo e e tlhagisiwang mo Afrika e e kwa borwa jwa Sahara e ka nna gararo ka 2050. Mo nakong eno, baemedi ba sephiri ba puso ba ntshitse katlholo e e kopanetsweng ya gore mo dingwageng tse di lesome tse di latelang, mathata a metsi ga a ka ke a baka dikgogakgogano tsa ka fa gare le tsa ka kwa ntle tse di ka felelang ka ntwa e e gagametseng. Mme fa e le gore selekanyo sa jaanong sa tiriso mmogo le kgatelelo ya tlelaemete se tswelela, selekanyo sa tlhaelo ya metsi mo Afrika se bolelelwa pele ke UNECA go fitlhelela maemo a a kwa godimo a a kotsi ka 2025. Seno se raya gore ka 2022 go na le kgonagalo ya phetogo ya tlhaelo ya metsi go nna le seabe mo ntweng ya dibetsa.<ref name="usi">{{Cite web|title=US Intel: Water a Cause for War in Coming Decades|url=http://www.twincities.com/ci_20230354/us-intel-water-cause-war-coming-decades?IADID=Search-www.twincities.com-www.twincities.com|access-date=23 March 2012}}</ref> Go ya ka National Intelligence Estimate on water security, e e neng e kopilwe ke Mokwaledi wa Naga Hillary Clinton mme ya wediwa ka letlhabula la 2011, morago ga 2022 metsi a tla nna a dirisiwa jaaka sebetsa sa ntwa le sedirisiwa se se ka dirisiwang mo borukhutlhi, bogolo jang kwa Afrika Bokone.<ref name="usi" /> Ka Letsatsi la Lefatshe la Metsi, Lefapha la Puso le ne la bolela gore kgatelelo ya metsi, "e ka nna ya oketsa kotsi ya go sa tlhomamang le go palelwa ke puso, go gakatsa dikgotlhang tsa kgaolo le go itaya dinaga tsebe go dira le United States mo mekgeleng e e botlhokwa ya molao". Fa go buiwa ka Nile kwa Egepeto, Sudan, le dinaga tse di kwa borwa, pego e bolelela pele gore dinaga tse di fa godimo ga noka di tla lekanyetsa go bona metsi ka mabaka a sepolotiki le gore dirukutlhi di ka tlhasela didirisiwa tse di amanang le metsi, jaaka matamo le matamo, gantsi.<ref name="usi" /> Ka ntlha ya seno, Global Risk Report ya 2011 ya World Economic Forum e akareditse tlhaelo ya metsi jaaka nngwe ya dikotsi tse tlhano tse di kwa godimo mo lefatsheng ka lekgetlo la ntlha. == Ditsela Tsa go Dirisa == [[Setshwantsho:Water_in_Adina_Faso,_Ethiopia.webm|thumb|Setshwantsho sa motshikhinyêgo sa Water.org sa tharabolola ya tlhaelo ya metsi kwa Ethiopia.]] === Ditsamaiso tsa tetla ya metsi === Kgaolo nngwe ya dinaga tsa Afrika, jaaka Tanzania, e lekile go rarabolola bothata jwa go tlhaela ga metsi ka go tlhoma thulaganyo ya go ntsha tetla ya metsi. Mo tsamaisong e e ntseng jalo, go dirisiwa melao ya mo lefelong go naya badirisi metsi a a rileng mo mafelong a a rileng. Le fa go ntse jalo, gantsi dithulaganyo tse di ntseng jalo di baka dikgotlhang tse dingwe, ka gonne ditshwanelo tsa metsi di ka nna tsa gapiwa ke batho ba ba nosetsang ka selekanyo se segolo mme seo se dira gore balemi ba ba sa itsholegeng sentle mo kgaolong eo ba latlhegelwe ke ditshwanelo tsa bone. === Madagascar === Mo setlhabeng se se kwa godimo sa Madagascar, go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo e e neng ya fedisa mo e ka nnang dimela tsotlhe tse di nang le dikgwa tse dintsi mo pakeng ya 1970 go ya go 2000. Temothuo ya go sega le go fisa e ne ya tlosa diperesente di le lesome tsa palogotlhe ya di-biomass tsa naga mme ya e fetola go nna naga e e se nang sepe. Ditlamorago tseno di ne di bakwa ke go nna le batho ba le bantsi thata le go tlhoka go fepa batho ba ba humanegileng ba ba tlholegang, mme ditlamorago tse di sa itumediseng di ne di akaretsa go gogolwa ga mmu go go anameng go go neng ga dira gore dinoka tse di tletseng seretse tse di neng di "tsamaya di le dikhibidu" dingwaga di le masome morago ga go rengwa ga dikgwa. Seno se ne sa fedisa metsi a mantsi a a phepa a a ka dirisiwang mme gape se ne sa senya bontsi jwa tikologo ya dinoka tsa dinoka di le mmalwa tse dikgolo tse di elelang kwa bophirima. Mefuta e le mmalwa ya ditlhapi e ile ya nyelela mme e mengwe, jaaka dikorale tse di kgoreletsweng mo Lewatleng la India, di nyeletse.<ref>{{Cite book|pages=91–128}}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Two_children_drinking_sachet_water.jpg|thumb|229x229px|Bana ba babedi ba nwa metsi a kgetsana]] === Nigeria === Ka batho ba ka nna dimilione di le 199, 86% ya batho ba kwa Nigeria ga ba na metsi a a phepa a a nowang. UNICEF e bega gore mo e ka nnang halofo ya ditirelo tsa motheo tsa metsi tsa 70% ya batho ba Nigeria di kgotletswe. Go tlhaela ga mafaratlhatlha mo nageng yotlhe ya Nigeria go dira gore baagi ba le bantsi ba se ka ba nna le metsi a a phepa; ka kakaretso Mo-Nigeria o bona dilitara di le 9 fela tsa metsi ka letsatsi. Ka ntlha ya seno, Ba-Nigeria ba le bantsi ba ikaegile ka metsi a a rekisiwang jaaka metsi a a mo kgetsaneng (bona setshwantsho) kgotsa a a mo dibotlolong. Metsi a a kgotletsweng le a a kgotletsweng a a mo tlase ga lefatshe a dira gore go nne le tlhaelo ya metsi kwa Nigeria. Mefuta mengwe e megolo ya dilo tse di kgotlelang e akaretsa menontsha le metsi a a tswang mo temothuong, tsamaiso e e sa siamang ya go laola leswe, matlakala a madirelo, dilo tse di kgotlelang oli le gase, dilo tse di tswang mo meepong le metsi a a tswang mo dipolaong. '''Egepeto''' Go oketsega ga dipalo tsa batho ga mmogo le letlhoko la metsi ke mabaka a a nang le seabe se segolo mo leubeng la metsi. E re ka noka ya Naele e ntsha selekanyo sa metsi sa masome a ferabongwe le botlhano mo lekgolong, tswelelopele ya ditiro tsa temo-thuo mo nokeng ye ke yone e gakatsang seemo sa thaelo ya metsi. Ba UNICEF ba itebagantse le metsi le phepafatso ya one ka maikaelelo a go fokotsa tshenyo ya metsi le gase e e sa siamelang tikologo.. Mo lethakoreng le lengwe, puso ya Egepeto e beile pele lenaneo la National Water Resource go netefatsa gore ditsetana tsa go laola ditsompelo tse di dumalanweng dia diragatswa. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20210227073722/https://unctad.org/system/files/non-official-document/c1mem2018_S2_Djelouah.pdf</ref> '''Morocco''' Morocco e lenaganwe ke letlhoko la metsi le le tseneletseng ka mabaka a phetogo ya loapi, koketsego ya batho ga mmogo le ditiro tsa temo-thuo. Mo dingwageng tse di fitileng, pula e oketsegile ka masome a mabedi mo lekgolong, mme se se bakile dikgwetlho di le mmalwa, segolo jang mo dikgaolong ko e leng gore batho ba ka tshwara dikete kete di le mabedi ba lebaganwe ke tlhaelo ya metsi a a nowang a a phepa. Go itebeganya le seemo se puso ya Morcco e aga matamo, e rotloetsa nosetso ya dijwalo le go beeletsa mo dieishaneng tse di ntshang letswai mo metsing.go kabakanya metswedi ya metsi. E re le fa go ntse jalo, dikgang tsa phetogo ya loapi le tiriso ya ditamelo di tswelela di supa fa e le dikgoreletsi tse di bonalang kgathanong le go fithelela gore batho bothe ba nne le metsi a a phepa. '''Algeria''' Batho ba le masome a ferabongwe mo lekgolong kwa Algeria ba kgona go bona metsi a a nwegang, mme mo go bone, ba le masome a supa le bongwe mo lekgolong, ba kgona go bona metsi a a nwegang morago ga go tlhatswiwa. Ka ngwaga wa 2018, Algeria e ne e na le mabota a a thibelang metsi ale masome a ferabobedi le diteishane tsa go thatswa metsi di le lesome le bongwe, le kwa go tlhatswiwang metsi go le lekgolo ga mmogo le mafelo a go baya metsi a le dikete tse lesome le bone go anama le lefatshe lotlhe. Ka mabaka a,lefatshe la Algeria ke nngwe ya mafatsheng a Aferika a batho ba lone ba kgonang go bona metsi a a phepa ga mmogo le go nna le kwa go tlhatswiwang metsi teng ka selekanyo sa masome a supa le borataro mo lekgolong. E re le fa go ntse jalo, jaaka palo ya batho e oketsega, Algeria e beile pele ditiro di le mmalwa tsa go netefatsa gore thaelo ya metsi ga e okotsege mo bokamosong. Nngwe ya ditiro tse ke kago ya diteishane tsa go ntsha letswai mo metsing di le supa tse di tlaa nnang teng mo ngwageng tsa 2025 goya ko go 2030. Tshimoloso ya diteishane tse e tlaa netefatsa gore go nna le koketsego ya tiriso ya metsi a lewate a a ntshitsweng letswai ka selekanyo sa masome a mane le bobedi mo lekgolong sa metsi a a nwegang fa go tshwantshanngwa le selekanyo sa gompieno sa lesome le boferabobedi mo lekgolong.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20210227073722/https://unctad.org/system/files/non-official-document/c1mem2018_S2_Djelouah.pdf</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> mieqhuaa4z67zcsmha5bwqlik6zzgg0 0 8778 50539 47411 2026-06-13T03:03:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50539 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chadibe''', ke motse o bonwang mo kgaolong ya [[:en:Central_District_(Botswana)|Legare]] mo [[Botswana]]. Ka ngwaga wa 2011, motse o, o ne o nale banni ba le 4939<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211941/http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20_Population%20of%20Localities.pdf "Botswana Central Statistics Office"] (PDF). Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923211941/http://www.cso.gov.bw/media/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20_Population%20of%20Localities.pdf the original] (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014</ref>. Baagi ba motse ba ne ba le 5,371, go ya ka Palo ya Batho le Matlo ya ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/botswana/ Botswana: Districts, Cities, Towns, Urban Villages & Agglomerations - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information".] ''www.citypopulation.de''. Retrieved 8 May 2024.</ref> == Lefelo == Motse o o ka nna sekgele sa dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le botlhano kwa bophirima jwa [[Francistown]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250815063906/https://www.world-travel-info.net/country/town/944/chadibe "Chadibe Travel Information".] ''www.world-travel-info.net''. Retrieved 8 May 2024.</ref>E ka fitlhelelwa ka tsela ya A30,<ref name=":0">[https://www.sfbauctions.co.bw/area-profiles/chadibe/ "Chadibe, Central District".] ''SFB Auctions''. Retrieved 8 May 2024</ref> mme e fa gare ga [[Noka ya Shashe]] le [[Noka ya Tlhalogang]].<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/groups/610386189045852/ "CHADIBE VILLAGE, NORTH OF GHETTO"]. ''Facebook''. Retrieved 8 May 2024.</ref> == Setso == Motse wa Chadibe o na le meletlo ya setso ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole a tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe.<ref>BOTHOKO Correspondent, PINI (9 January 2013)[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/how-chadibe-came-into-being/news . "How Chadibe came into being".] ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 8 May 2024</ref> == Thuto == Chadibe ona le sekolo se se potlana se le sengwe ebong Sekolo se se potlana sa Chadibe.<ref name=":0" /> == Padi tse dingwe == * [[:en:Mathangwane|Motse wa Mathangwane]] == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Metse e e mo Botswana]] [[Karolo:Metse mo Botswana]] [[Karolo:Metsana mo Botswana]] 5kkvuocjjxrpy6x5oty774mxo572h83 0 9024 50584 50147 2026-06-13T10:17:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50584 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mack Air''' ke kompone ya sefofane sese direlang ko motseng wa [[Maun]], mo [[Botswana]]. Kompone ya Mack Air e simolotse go direla ko bokone bophirima ja lehatshe la Botswana ka ngwaga wa 1994. Kompone ya Mack Air e ikaegile ka ditirelo tsago adimisa bapagami difofane, le tsedingwe jaaka go pega bapagami baba batang go ijesa nala lego iphokisa phefo mo lefaufaung,le go thusa batho baba thokang kalafi ya potako yatsa bongaka, lego fofisetsa bajanala ko mafelong a twaelesegileng ka bojanala mo Botswana le mafatshe a mabapi. Tse dingwe ditirelo tsa yone di akaretsa go isa bajanala ko mafelong a gwebang ka bojanala jaaka a boroko ko makgobokgobong a [[:en:Okavango_Delta|Okavango Delta]] lemo sekakeng sa [[:en:Kalahari_Desert|Kalahari]] mo Botswana. <ref>Mack Air. "Mack Air". Retrieved 2015-09-21.</ref> {{Infobox settlement|name=Mack Air|image_caption=Mack_Air_Logo.jpg|website={{URL|mackair.co.bw}}|image_alt=Mack_Air_Logo.jpg}} Dikgatiso tsa metswediyadikgang ee sedimosetsang bajanala ka bojanala e papamaditse fa sefofane sa Mack Air se itsiwe sele boikanyo ebile ele nngwe ya dikompone tsadi fofane tsedi etsiweng ka go thusa bapalami kadi tirelo tsedi manonthontho, mme ebile esa amane le epe kgwebo ya bojanala tsedi thusang bajanala ka boroko. <ref>Botswana Travel Guide. "Flight companies". Retrieved 28 December 2010.</ref> === '''<u>Histori [[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mack_Air&action=edit&section=1 Edit Source] ]</u>''' === [[Setshwantsho:Mack Air aircraft at sunset v1.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Dingwe tsa difofane tsa Mack Air tsatsi le phirima ]] Kompone ya Mack air e simolotswe ko [[:en:Maun_Airport|Maun Airport]], ka ngwaga was 1994 ke Lara and Stuart Mackay ka sefofane se sengwe sa modiro wa [[:en:Cessna_206_Stationair|Cessna 206 Stationair]].Kgwebo yago sefofane ene ya felela e tserwe ke bagwebi ba basha gotswa [[Zimbabwe]] ka 2014. <ref>Spaeth, Andreas (July 2023). "Botswana's sky-high bush safari". Airliner World (288): 53–61.</ref> Mack Air ene e thapile babereki bale lesome le bothano (15) ka nwaga wa 2007, mme babereki bale masome a mathano (50) bane ba thapilwe ka 2019, go akaretsa bakgweetsi badi fofane bale lesome le boferabongwe (19). Ka ngwaga wa 2021 kompone ene e thapile babereki bale lekgolo le lesome (110), go akeretsa bakgweetsi badi fofane bale masome a marataro (30). <ref>Penton Media (2007). [http://www.aircharterguide.com/Operator_Info/MACK_AIR/828 "Operator Details - Mack Air"]. Retrieved 2009-11-07.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110825195410/http://www.mackair.co.bw/about_mackair.htm "About Mac Air"]. Archived from [http://www.mackair.co.bw/about_mackair.htm the original] on 2011-08-25. Retrieved 2016-03-09.</ref> <ref>[https://www.mackair.co.bw/about/ "About | MackAir"]. www.mackair.co.bw. July 22, 2020.</ref> Mo ngwageng wa 2017, kompone ene ya reka difofane tsedi lesome (10) tsa modiro wa [[:en:Cessna_Grand_Caravan|Cessna Grand Caravan]] EXs dile disha ele nngwe ya maiteko ago godisa difofane tse kompone eneng ena natso. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230907172754/https://www.avcom.co.za/aerocont/?p=1718 "Botswana's Mack Air Takes Delivery of 10 Cessna Caravan EX's"]. ''www.avcom.co.za''.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Citation M2 Kasane v1.jpg|thumb|Sefofane sa Mack Air sa modiro wa Cessna Citation M2 se fofa fa godimo ga Zambezi River ka nako e noka eneng e tshela ]] Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Mack Air ene yanna nngwe ya ntha ya dikompone ya dikompone tsa difofane ee kimetseng ka nosi mo Botswana go fiwa teseletso yago ka pega bapalami and le dithoto goya lehatshe ka bophara. <ref>https://www.mackair.co.bw/scheduled/</ref> === <u>'''Dikotsi le ditiragalo''' [ [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mack_Air&action=edit&section=2 edit source]]</u> === Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ale borataro ( 6 January 2010) , sefofane sa modiro wa Cessna 208 sene sa nna lekotsi ee bakilweg kego retelelwa ga enjene ya sefofane mogo feletseng go baka sefofane gore se wele fatshe mo goneng ga baka ditshenyo tsa sefofane se sena go emelela kwa Piajio Airstrip, Chiefs Island makgobokgobo a Okavangon Delta. [[Setshwantsho:Mack Air Logo.jpg|thumb|Mark Air Logo ]] Sefofane sene sa wela go bapa le molatswana wa noka mme sa petekologa . Kotsi ya sefofane ene ya golafatsa mokgweetsi wa sefofane, le bapagami bale batlhano, mme mongwe wa bone one a robega lehepapoo. Mokgweetsi le bapalami bane bane ba bona dithuso tsa potako mo ebileng bane ba ragogedisiwa ko dipateleng tsa Africa Borwa. <ref>Ontebetse, Khonani (January 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110711081417/http://gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5029:five-injured-in-aircraft-crash&catid=18:headlines&Itemid=2 "Five injured in aircraft crash"]. Botswana Gazette. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20110711081417/http://gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5029:five-injured-in-aircraft-crash&catid=18:headlines&Itemid=2 the original] on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> <ref>Aviation Safety Network (January 2010). [http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20100106-0 "Accident description".] Retrieved 14 December 2010.</ref> === <u>'''Mafelo a sefofane se tsamayang ko go one''' [[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mack_Air&action=edit&section=3 edit source]]</u> === Mafelo a latelang ke mangwe a mafelo a sefofane sa Mack Air e pegang batho goya ko mafelong a farologanyeng gotsweng ka ngwaga wa 2022. <ref>[https://www.mackair.co.bw/scheduled/ "Scheduled Services | MackAir"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. August 13, 2020. Retrieved 7 February 2022.</ref> * [[Kasane]]-[[:en:Kasane_Airport|Kasane Airport]] * [[:en:Victoria_Falls|Victoria Falls]]-[[:en:Victoria_Falls_Airport|Victoria Falls Airport]] === <u>'''Difofane''' [[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mack_Air&action=edit&section=4 edit source]]</u> === * [[:en:Cessna_Citation_M2|Cessna Citatation]] <ref>Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022. Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022. Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022. Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022. </ref> * [[:en:Cessna_208_Caravan|Cessna 208 Grand Caravan EX]] <ref>Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022.</ref> * [[:en:Cessna_210_Centurion|Cessna 2010 Centurion]] <ref>Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. www.mackair.co.bw. Retrieved 7 February 2022.</ref> * [[:en:GippsAero_GA8_Airvan|GippsAero GA8 Airvan]] <ref>Mack Air (22 July 2020). [https://www.mackair.co.bw/our-*fleet/ "Our Fleet"]. ''www.mackair.co.bw''. Retrieved 7 February 2022.</ref> === Metswedi === mnhl3k8abx5kkmumnxwl4iu95ab590t 0 9150 50536 38563 2026-06-13T01:47:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50536 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bongani Masuku''' ene ele moopedi wa Africka Borwa ebile ane itsege kago go opela mo setlhopheng sa [[:en:Johnny_Clegg|Johnny Clegg's]] band. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231028095111/http://www.johnnyclegg.com/bongsbiog.html "Johnny Clegg".] Johnny Clegg. Retrieved 21 May 2014.</ref> Mo godimo ga moo one a tsamaya le [[:en:I_Muvrini|I Muvrini]] makgatlo ale mararo ko maetlong a Eropa (European tours). <ref><nowiki>https://www.johnnyclegg.com/bongsbiog.html</nowiki></ref> One a tlhokafala asena go fulwa ka nako anneng a tlhasetswe ke magodu ka kgwedi ya motsheganong ale lesosone le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2014 ale dingwaga tsedi masome a matlhano (50).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140520052553/https://au.news.yahoo.com/entertainment/a/23634347/backing-singer-for-johnny-clegg-shot-dead-in-south-africa/ "Backing singer for Johnny Clegg shot dead in South Africa - Yahoo!7"]. Au.news.yahoo.com. Archived from [https://au.news.yahoo.com/entertainment/a/23634347/backing-singer-for-johnny-clegg-shot-dead-in-south-africa/ the original] on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014.</ref> <ref>[http://guardianlv.com/2014/05/johnny-clegg-band-vocalist-bongani-masuku-murdered-music-video/ <nowiki>"Johnny Clegg Band Vocalist Bongani Masuku Murdered [Music Video]"</nowiki>]. Guardianlv.com. 17 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014.</ref> == Metswedi == n5sihxjvt4x8bk19gmt48ababevam3z 0 9442 50538 41633 2026-06-13T02:32:24Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50538 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Calico Cooper''' o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a lesome le boferabongwe ka ngwaga {{Infobox person|name=Calico Cooper|image=Calico Cooper 2002.jpg|alt=Calico Cooper on tour with Alice Cooper. Calico stands to the right, Alice stands to the left. Calico's costume consists of blond hair, a blue tight long sleeve crop-top with a cut out in the chest, a short red skirt, and knee-high white socks. Alice wears a black shirt reading "Britney Wants Me" on the front, shiny metallic slacks, and black gloves.|caption=Cooper on tour at [[Zénith Paris]] in 2002|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1981|05|19}}|birth_place=Los Angeles, California, U.S.|education={{hlist|[[Stella Adler Studio of Acting]]|[[The Groundlings]]|[[Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre]]}}|years active=1997–present|spouse(s)={{marriage|Jed Williams|2015}}|mother=[[Sheryl Cooper]]|father=[[Alice Cooper]]|website={{URL|officialcalicocooper.com}}|module={{Infobox musical artist | genre = [[American rock|Rock]], [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]] | current_member_of = {{ubl|[[Beasto Blanco]]|[[List of Alice Cooper solo band members|Alice Cooper]]}} | instrument = Vocals | embed=yes }}}} wa 1981 moopedi, motantshi, motshameki wa mo seraleng, motshameki wa metlae, le motlhami wa mmino go tswa ko Amerika.Ke ngwana wa moopedi e bong rre Alice Cooper le mosadi wa gagwe a bina e bong mme Sherly Cooper.O simolotse go dira le rragwe go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1997 a bo a mo hira fa a ne a nale dingwaga tsa lesome le boferabobedi go tsamaya gagwe mafelo ka bophara ka Brutally Live.Dingwaga di ka nna lesome fa a ne a tsamaya le rre Alice a bereka a dira .Ka ngwaga wa 2011 o ne a tlogetse go dira le rragwe a boelela go dira ga ditshwantsho. == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Calico Cooper o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a lesome le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1981,batsadi ba gagwe e leng rre Alice Cooper le mme Sherly Cooper<ref>Graff 2023, p. [[103]]</ref> ba ba neng ba nna kwa Benedict Canyon, Los Angeles<ref>Webb, Dewey (September 7, 1983). ""I Bore Alice Cooper's Child"". ''Phoenix New Times''. Retrieved September 16, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/phnt/830907]</ref>Ngwaga o sena go feta go tsholweng ga gagwe bo Coopers ba fudugetse ko Paradise Valley, Arizona<ref>Webb, Dewey (September 7, 1983). ""I Bore Alice Cooper's Child"". ''Phoenix New Times''. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/phnt/830907 2023]</ref>Ba kile ba nna ko Chicago pele ba ya go nna ko Paradise Valley ka ngwaga wa 1985<ref>Trulson, Nora Burba (August 1991). "Welcome to My Remodel: Alice and Sheryl Cooper Remodel a Paradise Valley Ranch and Call it Home". ''Phoenix Home and Garden''. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/phhg/910800 2023]</ref><ref>Rhoades, Rebecca L. (June 19, 2020). "Inside Alice Cooper's Rock 'n' Roll Residence". ''Phoenix Home & Garden''. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://www.phgmag.com/inside-alice-coopers-rock-n-roll-residence/]</ref>ka dinako tsa dingwaga tsa 1980 tiriso ya diritibatsi ya Alice e feletse e ama kamano ya gagwe le Sheryl ga gakatswa ke go tsholwa ga ngwgana wa bone e bong Calico<ref>"Hearing on Support Scheduled in Alice Cooper Divorce Case". ''The Arizona Republic''. December 15, 1983. Retrieved September 16, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/ariz/831215]</ref>Rre Sherly e le ene a ntshitse kgang ya kgaogana ka ngwaga wa 1983<ref>"Hearing on Support Scheduled in Alice Cooper Divorce Case". ''The Arizona Republic''. December 15, 1983. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/ariz/831215 2023]</ref>Mme Sherly ,motantshi wa porofeshenale, o ne a kwadisa Calico mo sekolong sa go tantsha a na le dingwaga di le 3<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref>Bo Cooper ba bone gole botlhokwa go tsenya bana sekolo sa puso,Calico o ne a tsena ko sekolong sa Hopi Elementary le Arcadia <ref>Stevens, Lindsey (February 1998). "Getting to Know Sheryl Cooper". ''Arcadia News''. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/arca/980200 2023]</ref><ref>Rogers, Larry (December 9, 2002). "Alice's Elves: Cooper's Christmas Pudding Brings Out Valley Favorites". ''The Arizona Republic''. p. 41. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/ariz/021219]</ref>Fa a ne a le ko Arcadia Calico o ne a le mo kopone ya mmino o ne a dira a bo a fetsa lefatshe ka bophara.<ref>Stevens, Lindsey (February 1998). "Getting to Know Sheryl Cooper". ''Arcadia News''. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/arca/980200 2023]</ref><ref>"Calico Cooper – Beasto Blanco". ''1883 Magazine''. September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://1883magazine.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref><ref>Rapp, Allison (November 9, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Recalls Road Life With Dad". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/alice-cooper-daughter-calico-interview/]</ref>O simolotse go ruta go bina<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref><ref>Rapp, Allison (November 9, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Recalls Road Life With Dad". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, [https://ultimateclassicrock.com/alice-cooper-daughter-calico-interview/ 2023]</ref>O gakologelwa a a rumolwa ke ba ba tsayang dinepe morago ga go apara ga gagwe mo ba neng ba sa go rate<ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref> == Le rre Alice Cooper == * [[Setshwantsho:Alice avec sa fille Calico,au Zénith de Paris le 13 avril 2002.jpg|thumb|Calico Cooper le Alice Cooper]]Fa a le dingwaga di le 16, Calico o ne a simolola go tshameka dikarolo mo dipontshong tsa ga rraagwe tsa go eta. Seabe sa gagwe sa ntlha e ne e le sa nakwana fela, segolobogolo e le mongwe wa batswakwa ba ba bosula ba ba neng ba bula dipontsho tsa ga Alice kwa Tim.<ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref>Fa a fetsa ko sekolong o feletsa a ya kwa Los Angeles go tswelela go dira.<ref>Masley, Ed. "Calico Cooper on growing up with Alice Cooper and finding her own voice in Beasto Blanco". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref>Mme o ne a kgona go dira ko rragwe a ne a dira teng.Fa a ne a le dingwaga tse lesome le boferabobedi o ne a dira e bile a ruta a bo a dira diaparo tsa loeto la Brutal Planet<ref>Graff 2023, p. 161; ; ; ; ; [https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>O ne a itsege thata fa a dira a tshameka e le "mosetsana wa bullwhip" o o neng a rutiwa ke mme Sherly ka o kile a o tshameka<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref><ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref>O feletse a tshameka nnese<ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref> o a neng a sa ratiwa ke mme Alice<ref>Boshorff, Alison (April 3, 2004). "Chips Off The Old Rock: When You Dad's A Rock God, What Are The Chances Of Growing Up Normal? Here Five Girls With A Pop Pedigree Tell Their Extraordinary Tales.: Calico Cooper". ''Daily Mail Weekend''. pp. 20–21. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/mail/040403]</ref> * Loeto lwa gagwe le Brutal Planet kwa tshimologong lo ne lwa mo tshosa ka gonne ene, fela jaaka mmaagwe pele ga foo, e ne e le ene fela mosadi mo setlhopheng seno mme gape e ne e le ene fela mosadi mo bathong ba ba rekisang dilwana, ba ba tlamelang batho ka dijo, le ba ba kgweetsang dikoloi, mme o ne a le kelotlhoko gore a se ka a feteletsa dilo<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 9, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Recalls Road Life With Dad". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/alice-cooper-daughter-calico-interview/]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, fa a ne a simolola go ntsha dikakantsho, batho ba ba neng ba bereka mo thulaganyong le babogedi ba ne ba amogela dikakantsho tsa gagwe ka matlhagatlhaga<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 9, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Recalls Road Life With Dad". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, [https://ultimateclassicrock.com/alice-cooper-daughter-calico-interview/ 2023]</ref>Morago ga matlhagatlhaga a o feletse a nneela ruri go itlhela 2011<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 9, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Recalls Road Life With Dad". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/alice-cooper-daughter-calico-interview/]</ref>Fa Chuck Garric a ne a tsena mo setlhopheng sa Alice Cooper sa mmino ka 2002, ene le Calico ba ne ba nna le kamano e e nonofileng ka bonako mme ba ne ba abelana le go tlotla ka megopolo ya go tshameka mmogo<ref>Masley, Ed. "Calico Cooper on growing up with Alice Cooper and finding her own voice in Beasto Blanco". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref><ref>Rapp, Allison (November 26, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Never Wanted to Join a Band". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref> * Ka nako ya Alice's 2001 - 2003 Brutally Live and Dragontown tours, Calico o ne a tshameka Britney Spears mo go satirical macabre comedic bit e e neng ya felela ka gore a lwe le Alice, a gogelwa kwa tlase ga sethala ke ene, mme Alice a boa a tlhagelela ka setshwantsho sa tlhogo e e kgaotsweng ya Calico-as-Spears e e neng e kokotetswe mo koteng<ref>Graff, Gary (January 31, 2023). ''Alice Cooper at 75''. Motorbooks. pp. 162–163. ISBN <bdi>978-0-7603-7827-4</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=nE-VEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA162]</ref><ref>"House of Blues Concert Review". ''Maximum Rock''. December 2001. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/maro/011200]</ref><ref>Leith, William (September 28, 2001). "Fairway to heaven". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved September 23, [https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2001/apr/29/features.magazine27 2023]</ref>Fa Alice a ntse a tshameka, o ne a tle a apare hempe e e kwadilweng "Britney Wants Me" kwa pele le "Dead" kwa morago<ref>"House of Blues Concert Review". ''Maximum Rock''. December 2001. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/maro/011200]</ref><ref>Leith, William (September 28, 2001). "Fairway to heaven". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved September 23, [https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2001/apr/29/features.magazine27 2023]</ref>Mo loetong lwa Dirty Diamonds ka 2005, Calico o ne a emisetsa Britney ka Paris Hilton yo o neng a kgaolwa mometso ke chihuahua, a dira gore go nne le madi a maitirelo mo bathong<ref>Popoff, Martin (August 2005). "Alice Cooper: Shine on You, You Crazy Diamond". ''Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles''. pp. 30–31. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/bwbk/050800]</ref><ref>Roberts, Michael (September 1, 2005). "Go Ask Alice". ''Westword''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.westword.com/music/go-ask-alice-5086290]</ref><ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref>Tiragalo e nngwe ya ga Hilton e ne e akaretsa go leka ga gagwe go tlhaba Alice ka thipa fela gore a kgone go faposa lerumo, a mo tshware ka moriri, a bo a mo gogela kwa ntle ga serala<ref>Þorvaldsdóttir, Þórdís Elva (September 2, 2005). "From Iceland — Alice Cooper". ''The Reykjavik Grapevine''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20230401194810/https://grapevine.is/icelandic-culture/music/2005/09/02/alice-cooper/]</ref>Botho jwa ga Hilton bo ne bo tla tlhaga fa Alice a ne a tshameka pina ya gagwe ya "I Wish I Were Born in Beverley Hills".<ref>"ALICE COOPER's Daughter Sings RUNAWAYS Hit With ERIC SINGER". ''Blabbermouth.net''. June 29, 2005. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://www.blabbermouth.net/news/alice-cooper-s-daughter-sings-runaways-hit-with-eric-singer/]</ref> Calico ka 2010 o ne a re o akanya gore Spears le Hilton, ba a ba itseng ka namana, ba tlhaloganya metlae, le gore kwa khonsateng e nngwe fa a ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Hilton, Hilton o ne a le mo bareetsing.<ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref> Batho ba bangwe ba a neng a ba tshameka mo mosepeleng oo e ne e le vampire, motho yo o neng a mo thusa, le mooki, yo wa bofelo wa bone o ne a tla tshwara setshwantsho sa tlhogo ya ga Alice e e kgaotsweng fa motho yo a neng a mo tshameka a sena go bolawa.<ref>Þorvaldsdóttir, Þórdís Elva (September 2, 2005). "From Iceland — Alice Cooper". ''The Reykjavik Grapevine''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20230401194810/https://grapevine.is/icelandic-culture/music/2005/09/02/alice-cooper/]</ref> O ne a bolela ka 2010 gore ka dinako tse dingwe go ne go na le go ganetsana ka gore a go siame gore Alice a dire sengwe le morwadie. O ne a araba ka gore jaanong o na le dingwaga di le 27, ga a utlwe botlhoko, e bile ga a tshameke ka lorato.<ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref> "Batho ga ba tlhaloganye, mme go ne go ntse go na le madi ka metlha, go na le sebete, go na le boaka. Fa Shakespeare a ne a e dira, o ne a re, 'o botlhale tota!' mme fa Alice Cooper a go dira, o akanya jaana, 'Seno se makgapha!'" <ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref>Alice ka 2009 o ne a bolela gore, fa a le mo loetong, Calico o ne a sa kgone go tlosa makeup ya gagwe e e neng e na le marontho fa gare ga dikonsarata, mme fa ene le Alice ba ne ba ya kwa mabenkeleng mmogo ba ne ba bogelwa ke batho ba ba sa ba itseng.<ref>Ruggiero, Bob (October 1, 2009). "Alice Cooper's Theatre of Death tour passes through Pompano Beach". ''Miami New Times''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/alice-coopers-theatre-of-death-tour-passes-through-pompano-beach-6384002]</ref> * Cooper o bolela gore go tshameka ga gagwe le rraagwe go mo thusitse go nna le seabe mo metshamekong e e tsosang maikutlo. Motho yo a neng a mo tshameka o ne a wa mo ditepising a bo a itewa mo sefatlhegong. O ne a bolela ka 2011<ref>Howe, Zoë (June 7, 2010). ''How's Your Dad?: Living in the Shadow of a Rock Star Parent''. Omnibus Press. pp. 279–281. ISBN <bdi>978-0-85712-415-9</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ30tIZmf8YC&pg=PT279]</ref> gore go tswa bonyaneng jwa gagwe o ne a tlhola a leka go dira batho go tshega, le gore "Mo dingwageng tsotlhe tse ke neng ke tsamaya le rre ka tsone, fa ke ne ke wa thata mo sefatlhegong sa me, kgotsa fa ke ne ke tsiboga thata, go ne go sa kgathalesege gore o bua puo efe, go ne go tshegisa". <ref>Stephanie (July 8, 2011). "An Interview with Calico Cooper". ''The Grove Hotel''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://grovehotelboise.wordpress.com/2011/07/08/an-interview-with-calico-cooper/]</ref>Maloko a moletlo ono gape a ne a rata go dira metlae, jaaka go tsenya theipi ya go kgomaretsa moletsi wa katara yo o neng a tshameka moletlo wa go bula le go mo leleka mo lefelong la tiragalo, go fitlha mosese wa ga Calico gore a tle a tle mo seraleng a le mo diaparong tsa gagwe tsa kafa tlase, kgotsa nako nngwe, moletlo wa bofelo wa Alice Cooper a le mo loetong le Scorpions, fa Alice le ene ba ne ba loga leano la gore maloko a banna a setlhopha sa gagwe a apare diaparo tsa kafa teng mme ba emisetse basetsana ba ba neng ba bina mo seteiting sa ba Scorpions.<ref>"ALICE COOPER's Daughter Calico Cooper Talks About Recent Russian Tour". ''Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20231008042025/https://bravewords.com/news/alice-coopers-daughter-calico-cooper-talks-about-recent-russian-tour]</ref> * Ka 2011, o ne a tlogela go tsamaya le Alice ka metlha go ya go dira tiro ya gagwe ya go nna motshameki.<ref>Masley, Ed. "Calico Cooper on growing up with Alice Cooper and finding her own voice in Beasto Blanco". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref> Fa e sa le ka nako eo, o ile a ya kwa dikonsarateng. Mo khonsateng ya 2014 ya Alice le Sheryl Cooper ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya go thusa ba bangwe ya Alice Cooper's Christmas Pudding, Calico le Sheryl ka bobedi ba ne ba tshameka karolo ya mooki yo o tshosang, ka nako nngwe mongwe le mongwe wa bone o ne a ja kwa dintlheng tse di farologaneng tsa mpopi wa lesea.<ref>Masley, Ed (December 14, 2014). "Alice Cooper brings guillotine to Christmas Pudding". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref> Ka 2017, Calico o ne a tshameka jaaka mooki, a itewa ka nako ya "Only Women Bleed" mme a boa go tla go bogisa Alice fa a ne a apere jase ya bokgoba a opela "The Ballad of Dwight Fry". == Tiro ya go tshameka le go dira metlae == * [[Setshwantsho:Alice Cooper Band-17 (41050106000).jpg|thumb|Cooper a sena Alice Cooper a opela]]Mo magareng a dingwaga tsa bo 2000, fa a ne a se mo loetong le Alice Cooper, Calico o ne a tshameka mo difiliming di le mmalwa tse di ikemetseng, tse di tshosang, go akaretsa The Curse of El Charro, JunkfoodHorrorfest (2007), koo a neng a tshameka "mmolai wa go bolaya ka go latelana wa junkie", le Rolling (2007), koo a neng a tshameka moanelwa yo o neng a dirisa MDMA kwa moletlong wa mmino.<ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref><ref>"Calico Cooper | Movies and Filmography". ''AllMovie''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.allmovie.com/artist/calico-cooper-vn15633925]</ref><ref>"Alice Cooper's Daughter Lands Another Movie Role". ''Blabbermouth.net''. August 22, 2005. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.blabbermouth.net/news/alice-cooper-s-daughter-lands-another-movie-role/]</ref>O ne a tshameka karolo e kgolo mo go The Visitor, e e neng e le mo kgatong ya pele ya go dirwa ka 2008.<ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref> <ref>Calico Cooper – Beasto Blanco". ''1883 Magazine''. September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://1883magazine.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>Cooper o ne a tshameka Heather mo go Dakota Skye (2008), <ref>Wright, William (2008). "Daddy's Little Nightmare: Calico Cooper Reveals Her Plans for World Domination". ''Sirens of Cinema''. '''2''' (12): 15–19.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/sire/080000]</ref><ref>"Dakota Skye - Where to Watch and Stream Online". ''Entertainment.ie''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://entertainment.ie/movies/where-to-watch/dakota-skye-164328/]</ref>barmaid mo filiming e e tshosang ya Suck (2009), mme a tshameka karolo ya "Woman" mo go Thirty Proof Coil (2010).<ref>"Calico Cooper - Rotten Tomatoes". ''Rotten Tomatoes''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/calico_cooper]</ref> Tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha e ne e le mo filiming ya 2010 ya Thirty Proof Coil. <ref>Giantino, Linda (June 3, 2021). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Calico Cooper". ''Chaospin''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://chaospin.com/calico-cooper/]</ref>O bolela gore o ne a bona ditiro di le dintsi mo difiliming tse di tshosang ka ntlha ya dipontsho tsa gagwe le Alice.<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref> Fa a ne a tlogela maeto a Alice Cooper ka 2011, ka kgakololo ya batshameki ba mo lefelong leo o ne a ikwadisa mo dithutong tse di neng di rutwa ke Ivana Chubbuck. Morago ga go tsaya khoso eo, ka kakantsho ya ga Chubbuck, o ne a tsenela ditlhatlhobo, ka katlego, tsa ditlhopha tsa metlae tsa The Groundlings le Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre. <ref>Masley, Ed. "Calico Cooper on growing up with Alice Cooper and finding her own voice in Beasto Blanco". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref>O ne gape a ithuta le Stella Adler Studio of Acting, Margie Haber, le Gordon Hunt. <ref>"Meet Calico Cooper of Beasto Blanco in North Hollywood - Voyage LA Magazine | LA City Guide". ''Voyage LA''. October 8, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20231026180111/https://voyagela.com/interview/meet-calico-cooper-beasto-blanco-north-hollywood/]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2011, o ne a nna le seabe sa go nna naledi mo thulaganyong ya thelebišene ya Bloomers (2011 - 2018) jaaka moanelwa yo o boaboelelang Lila Black<ref>"Bloomers (2011)". ''The A.V. Club''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.avclub.com/tv/reviews/bloomers-2011]</ref> <ref>Terrace, Vincent (February 25, 2016). ''Internet Comedy Television Series, 1997-2015''. McFarland. pp. 31–32. ISBN <bdi>978-1-4766-2393-1</bdi>.[https://books.google.com/books?id=TmKkCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32]</ref>mme a dira karolo e e sa itsiweng mo go Hall Pass (2011).<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref><ref>"Calico Cooper". ''Plex Inc.'' Retrieved September 22, [https://watch.plex.tv/person/calico-cooper 2023]</ref>O ne a tshameka karolo ya gagwe mo The Curse of Denton Rose ka 2020. Dikarolo tse dingwe tsa thelebišene di akaretsa mmolai Jane Miller mo thulaganyong ya 2015 ya Hawaii Five-0,<ref>"Calico Cooper - Rotten Tomatoes". ''Rotten Tomatoes''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/calico_cooper]</ref><ref>Cooper, Calico. "Calico Cooper - A little bit about me..." ''Official Calico Cooper''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[http://www.officialcalicocooper.com/about.html]</ref> le moanelwa Tabitha mo thulaganyong ya 2016 "Danger & Thunder" mo motseletseleng wa metlae wa bana Henry Danger.<ref>"Calico Cooper". ''Plex Inc.'' Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://watch.plex.tv/person/calico-cooper]</ref> Ka 2016 o ne a tlhagelela mo The Mindy Project. <ref>Giantino, Linda (June 3, 2021). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Calico Cooper". ''Chaospin''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://chaospin.com/calico-cooper/]</ref>Tiro ya ga Cooper ya go tsamaisa le go tlhagisa e akaretsa go tsamaisa dipapatso<ref>"Calico Cooper – Beasto Blanco". ''1883 Magazine''. September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 22, [https://1883magazine.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/ 2023]</ref> <ref>Giantino, Linda (June 3, 2021). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Calico Cooper". ''Chaospin''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://chaospin.com/calico-cooper/]</ref><ref>Wilk, Shannon (September 5, 2019). "Interview: Calico Cooper (Beasto Blanco) - Rockin' Interviews". Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20241227151047/https://rockininterviews.com/interview-calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>le dibidio tsa mmino le go tlhagisa filimi ya metlae ya bokebekwa ya Love of Mass Destruction, e a neng a tshameka karolo ya yone, filimi e khutshwane ya The Taxi Man, le motseletsele wa thelebišene wa karolo e le nngwe ya The Normal Ones, lenaneo le a le kwadileng le go tshameka karolo ya lone.<ref>Giantino, Linda (June 3, 2021). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Calico Cooper". ''Chaospin''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://chaospin.com/calico-cooper/]</ref><ref>"Calico Cooper". ''Kinorium''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://en.kinorium.com/name/733443/]</ref> == With Beasto Blanco == * Ka 2012, bassist Chuck Garric o ne a bopa setlhopha le Chris -Brother - Latham, Beasto Blanco, mme Garric o ne a laletsa Cooper go nna seopedi mo dipineng dingwe mo alebamong ya bone ya ntlha, Live Fast Die Loud (2013)<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 26, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Never Wanted to Join a Band". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>Kwa tshimologong o ne a okaoka ka gonne o ne a ikana gore ga a kitla a nna mo setlhopheng sa mmino ka gonne o ne a sa akanye gore o kgona go opela sentle.<ref>Wilk, Shannon (September 5, 2019). "Interview: Calico Cooper (Beasto Blanco) - Rockin' Interviews". Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20241227151047/https://rockininterviews.com/interview-calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref> Garric o ne a mo raya a re "o motshameki yo o molemo tota, ka jalo dira jaaka e kete o moopedi", mme fa a sena go tsena mo studio o ne a lemoga gore o kgona go opela ka boitumelo.<ref>Wilk, Shannon (September 5, 2019). "Interview: Calico Cooper (Beasto Blanco) - Rockin' Interviews". Retrieved September 23, [https://web.archive.org/web/20241227151047/https://rockininterviews.com/interview-calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/ 2023]</ref> Kwa tshimologong, o ne a rulaganyeditswe go nna seopedi sa go mo tshegetsa, mme ka nako ya go rekota, Garric o ne a nna a ntse a opela le ene. Fa Beasto Blanco a ne a swetsa go ya go etela mafelo a a farologaneng kwa Yuropa, Cooper o ne a swetsa go nna leloko la setlhopha seno ka tsela e e tshwanetseng. Le fa a ne a kile a ipolelela gore ga a kitla a nna mo setlhopheng sa mmino, o ne a lemoga gore "Ke batla go nna mo setlhopheng seno. Seno ke sone". Mo loetong lwa bone lwa kwa Yuropa, ba ne ba nna le modumo o o kgethegileng le mokgwa o o bonalang, ba kopanya mmino wa heavy metal le dipontsho tse di tshosang, Cooper o ne a apara letlowa, diketane le letlalo, mme gantsi a dirisa mofuta mongwe wa dibetsa,<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 26, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Never Wanted to Join a Band". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref> go akaretsa le Louisville slugger e e nang le dipekere le sethunya sa CO2.<ref>Barber, Jim (July 10, 2018). "Garric and Cooper Discuss Beasto Blanco's Music, Visceral Live Show and Alice". ''Music Life Magazine''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.musiclifemagazine.net/garric-and-cooper-discuss-beasto-blancos-music-visceral-live-show-and-alice/]</ref> Calico a re fa a ne a tsepamisitse tiro ya gagwe mo difiliming le mo thelebišeneng, o ne a tlhologelelwa go tshameka a le mo botshelong, mme go nna leloko la Beasto Blanco go ne ga mo letla go dira dilo ka tsela ya gagwe le go nna le ditshono tsa go sutisa melelwane. <ref>Rapp, Allison (November 26, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Never Wanted to Join a Band". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>O leba mmele wa gagwe e le seletswa sa mmino: "Ke ne ke ka se ka ka kgona go tshameka seletswa sa mmino fa ke ne ke batla go se tshameka ka nako ya fa ke ne ke le kwa Beasto ka gonne ke tshwaregile thata ka mmele wa me". <ref>trunkprc (September 9, 2020). "Calico Cooper". ''TrunkSpace''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20231026181429/https://openthetrunk.com/calico-cooper/]</ref>Go ya ka Cooper, mo mosepeleng mongwe le mongwe o dira diaparo tse disha le go kgabisa moanelwa wa gagwe.<ref>trunkprc (September 9, 2020). "Calico Cooper". ''TrunkSpace''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20231026181429/https://openthetrunk.com/calico-cooper/]</ref> Moanelwa wa "Machine Girl" o nna a ntse a fetoga, jaaka Cooper a bolela gore "ga a ise a ko a fetse go leka melelwane ya gagwe". Go ya ka Cooper, "mo maetong mangwe o bosula thata, a mangwe a a tsosang keletso ya tlhakanelodikobo, a mangwe a a tshegisa tota".Tshusumetso ya "Machine Girl"<ref>Agurbash, Anastasia (October 18, 2020). "Calico Cooper on her music, stage performances and the best advice received from her father Alice Cooper". ''French Fries Magazine''. Retrieved September 22, [https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2020/10/18/calico-cooper-on-her-music-stage-performances-and-the-best-advice-received-from-her-father-alice-cooper 2023]</ref> e akaretsa botaki jwa ga H. R. Giger le Frank Frazetta, ba ba neng ba na le "mo gongwe go ne go na le Magic: The Gathering e nnye mo go yone". O bolela gore nako nngwe ngwana mongwe o ne a tla kwa go ene morago ga thulaganyo nngwe mme a re o ne a tshwana le Sindel go tswa go Mortal Kombat. "Ke ne ka mmolelela gore o na le leitlho le le molemo, mme fa a ka bolelela mongwe ka sephiri sa me, ke ne ke tla mmolaya. O ne a tlhaloganya motlae, ke leboga Modimo". <ref>Agurbash, Anastasia (October 18, 2020). "Calico Cooper on her music, stage performances and the best advice received from her father Alice Cooper". ''French Fries Magazine''. Retrieved September 22, [https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2020/10/18/calico-cooper-on-her-music-stage-performances-and-the-best-advice-received-from-her-father-alice-cooper 2023]</ref>Ka 2017, Cooper o ne a re diaparo tsa gagwe di neelwa ke Hazmat Design, mme Cooper o tla lebelela "Vikings le baroque era gowns le ninja folklore" fa a dirisana le Hazmat go tlhama dikarolo.<ref>Hegt, Liselotte `Lilo' (June 15, 2017). "Beauty And Lifestyle Profile 13: With Calico Cooper (Singer Of Beasto Blanco)". ''HeadBangers Lifestyle''. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://www.headbangerslifestyle.com/lifestyle/beauty-lifestyle/beauty-and-lifestyle-profile-13/]</ref> Motlhatlhobi wa konsarata ya setlhopha ka 2022 o ne a tshwantshanya bontle jwa setlhopha le Mad Max: Fury Road le botswerere jwa Alice Cooper.<ref>Soltes, John (August 6, 2022). "REVIEW: Top 2022 concerts so far — featuring Halestorm, Alice Cooper, Beasto Blanco". ''Hollywood Soapbox''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.headbangerslifestyle.com/lifestyle/beauty-lifestyle/beauty-and-lifestyle-profile-13/]</ref> * Mo dikgatisong tse di latelang, go nna le seabe ga ga Cooper mo mminong go ne ga oketsega ka iketlo. O ne a nna le seabe mo go opeleng pina ya ga rraagwe ya "Feed My Frankenstein" mo kopelong ya bobedi ya setlhopha, e e nang le leina la yone, mme Garric o ne a kgaoganya tiro ya go opela ka go lekana le Cooper mo kopelong ya bone ya bofelo, We Are (2019)<ref>Masley, Ed. "Calico Cooper on growing up with Alice Cooper and finding her own voice in Beasto Blanco". ''The Arizona Republic''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/12/01/calico-cooper-alice-coopers-daughter-beasto-blanco/2163728002/]</ref>. Mo potsolotsong ya 2020, fa a ne a bodiwa gore go ntse jang go nna mosadi a le mongwe fela mo setlhopheng sa mmino wa roko, o rile mongwe le mongwe o tshwarwa ka go tshwana, mme gantsi o lebala gore ke ene mosetsana a le mongwe fela. * Kwantle ga nako e le nngwe, re ne re tshameka mo tlelapeng mme ka nako ya fa go ne go didimetse thata monna mongwe o ne a goa a re 'BONTSHA DITSE TSA GAGO!' Setlhopha sa me sa mmino se ne sa ema fela se tshogile ka nakwana. Mme ba simolola go apola didirisiwa tsa bone<ref>Rapp, Allison (November 26, 2020). "Alice Cooper's Daughter Calico Cooper Never Wanted to Join a Band". ''Ultimate Classic Rock''. Retrieved September 21, 2023.[https://ultimateclassicrock.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref><ref>Stott, Dave (December 4, 2016). "Interview: Chuck Garric From Beasto Blanco". ''Devil's Gate Music''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://devilsgatemusic.co.uk/interview-chuck-garric-beasto-blanco/]</ref>. Ke ne ka akanya gore 'Ao nnyaa.... Seno se tlile go fetoga ntwa.' Ba ne ba ipaakanyeditse go tlhasela. Mme pele ga ba ka dira jalo, boidiidi joo jotlhe bo ne jwa mo tlhasela mme ba mo gogela kwa ntle. Ke solofela gore o fodile sentle.<ref>Agurbash, Anastasia (October 18, 2020). "Calico Cooper on her music, stage performances and the best advice received from her father Alice Cooper". ''French Fries Magazine''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2020/10/18/calico-cooper-on-her-music-stage-performances-and-the-best-advice-received-from-her-father-alice-cooper]</ref> * O ne a bolela mo potsolotsong ya 2018 gore fa a ne a simolola go tlhama setshwano sa gagwe (se se neng se le boleele jwa dimetara di le 7 ka ditlhako), o ne a akanya gore banna ba tla mo araba sentle, mme gape o ne a na le basadi ba ba tlang kwa go ene morago ga moo go mmolelela gore ditiro tsa gagwe di ba nonotsha jang.<ref>Barber, Jim (July 10, 2018). "Garric and Cooper Discuss Beasto Blanco's Music, Visceral Live Show and Alice". ''Music Life Magazine''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.musiclifemagazine.net/garric-and-cooper-discuss-beasto-blancos-music-visceral-live-show-and-alice/]</ref> Ka 2023 setlhopha se ne sa saena le COP International.<ref>"BEASTO BLANCO – Fronted By ALICE COOPER's Daughter CALICO and Long-time Bassist CHUCK GARRIC – Signs with COP International, 2 New Singles Coming This Year". ''Sonic Perspectives''. June 6, 2023. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://www.sonicperspectives.com/news/beasto-blanco-signs-with-cop-international/]</ref> == Dilo tse di mo tlhotlheletsang == * Cooper o ne a gola a reeditse mefuta e e farologaneng ya mmino. O bolela gore batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba tshameka bontsi jwa diopedi tsa bogologolo jaaka Laura Nyro le Burt Bacharach, le diopedi tsa segompieno jaaka Zodiac Mindwarp le Guns - N Roses, mmogo le Elvis Presley le The Beatles<ref>"Calico Cooper – Beasto Blanco". ''1883 Magazine''. September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://1883magazine.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref>O ne a re mmaagwe le ene o rata mmino wa tlelasiki le mmino wa mmino.<ref>"Calico Cooper – Beasto Blanco". ''1883 Magazine''. September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://1883magazine.com/calico-cooper-beasto-blanco/]</ref> O boletse gape gore o itumelela mmino wa ga rraagwe le emo punk jaaka Alkaline Trio, Descendants, le The Marked Men.<ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref> Ka 2020, o ne a bua ka go reetsa mefuta ya mmino kwa ntle ga roko -classical, electronic, heavy blues -go e tsenya mo mminong wa gagwe le Beasto Blanco. Tshekatsheko ya Live Fast Die Loud, alebamo ya ntlha ya Beasto Blanco<ref>Agurbash, Anastasia (October 18, 2020). "Calico Cooper on her music, stage performances and the best advice received from her father Alice Cooper". ''French Fries Magazine''. Retrieved September 22, [https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2020/10/18/calico-cooper-on-her-music-stage-performances-and-the-best-advice-received-from-her-father-alice-cooper 2023]</ref>, e ne ya bapisa mokgwa wa mmino wa setlhopha le wa Alice Cooper le White Zombie.<ref>Phillips, Fred (January 18, 2014). "Beasto Blanco - Live Fast, Die Loud (2013)". ''Something Else!''. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://somethingelsereviews.com/2014/01/18/beasto-blanco-live-fast-die-loud-2013/]</ref> Cooper o tlhalosa mokgwa wa gagwe wa go dira metlae e le go dira metlae e e sa siamang. <ref>"Calico Cooper Interview". ''Fixe Force''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[http://www.fixeforce.com/25-music/85-calico-cooper-interview]</ref>O bolela gore fa a ntse a gola o ne a lebelela Monty Python le Peter Sellers mme o ne a batla go gola go nna Jim Carrey<ref>Hegt, Liselotte `Lilo' (June 15, 2017). "Beauty And Lifestyle Profile 13: With Calico Cooper (Singer Of Beasto Blanco)". ''HeadBangers Lifestyle''. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://www.headbangerslifestyle.com/lifestyle/beauty-lifestyle/beauty-and-lifestyle-profile-13/]</ref> wa mosadi. O bua ka batho ba ba neng ba mo tlhotlheletsa thata jaaka Alexander McQueen, Naeem Khan, le Zuhair Murad.<ref>Hegt, Liselotte `Lilo' (June 15, 2017). "Beauty And Lifestyle Profile 13: With Calico Cooper (Singer Of Beasto Blanco)". ''HeadBangers Lifestyle''. Retrieved September 24, 2023.[https://www.headbangerslifestyle.com/lifestyle/beauty-lifestyle/beauty-and-lifestyle-profile-13/]</ref> == Ditiro tse dingwe le botshelo jwa botho == * Ka 2004, Cooper o ne a bolela gore go ratana go ne go le thata mo go ene ka ntlha ya go tuma ga rraagwe<ref>Boshorff, Alison (April 3, 2004). "Chips Off The Old Rock: When You Dad's A Rock God, What Are The Chances Of Growing Up Normal? Here Five Girls With A Pop Pedigree Tell Their Extraordinary Tales.: Calico Cooper". ''Daily Mail Weekend''. pp. 20–21. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.alicecooperechive.com/articles/feature/mail/040403]</ref>.Cooper o nyetse motshameki Jed Williams ka 2015, kwa Maui, Hawaii.<ref>"Alice Cooper's daughter Calico marries in Hawaii". ''Yahoo Finance''. October 5, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/alice-coopers-daughter-calico-marries-043153017.html]</ref><ref>Giantino, Linda (June 3, 2021). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Calico Cooper". ''Chaospin''. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://chaospin.com/calico-cooper/]</ref> O ithaopa kwa The Rock, nngwe ya ditikwatikwe tsa basha tsa Alice Cooper's Solid Rock, <ref>"Episode #13 - Go Big or Go Home. (Special Guest: Calico Cooper)". ''Song & Verse Ministries''. August 31, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240724125547/https://songandverseministries.com/2020/08/31/go-big-or-go-home-seeker-2019/]</ref>e leng mokgatlho o o sa direng poelo o o tlhomilweng ke Alice le Sheryl Cooper le Chuck Savale. <ref>Hannah, Jolyn (September 12, 2023). "Rock legend Alice Cooper opening third center for teens in the Valley". ''12News.com''. Retrieved September 16, [https://www.12news.com/article/news/community/alice-cooper-opening-third-center-for-teens-in-the-valley/75-f54dd4f9-5ba9-42e4-aa5d-03b5cd379559 2023]</ref>O ne a thusa go rulaganya lefelo la bobogelo la mabokoso a mantsho mo lefelong leno. <ref>Shollenbarger, Maria (September 27, 2021). "A conversation with Alice Cooper". ''Financial Times''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.ft.com/content/9c338ab3-6445-47ca-91a7-7bb4091dc1a4?commentID=0ac8eac2-5b27-42bf-b9c2-b4a9f6ba53c3]</ref>Gape o kile a nna mmotlelara.<ref>Vogel, Tobias (May 2017). "Interview with Chuck Garric and Calico Cooper/Beastö Blancö". ''Music2U''. Retrieved September 25, 2023.[https://www.music2u.de/2017/05/interview-with-chuck-garric-and-calico-cooperbeastoe-blancoe/]</ref><ref>Cooper, Calico. "Calico Cooper - Gallery". ''Official Calico Cooper - Modelling Gallery''. Retrieved September 25, [http://www.officialcalicocooper.com/modelling.html 2023]</ref> == Dipina tsa mmino == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Kgathiso !Modiragatsi !Ngwaga !Tshupomolato |- |''Hey Stoopid'' | rowspan="6" |Alice Cooper |1992 |Vocals<ref>Wiederhorn, Jon (October 31, 2018). "Alice Cooper's top 10 Halloween songs to die for". ''www.yahoo.com''. Retrieved September 24, [https://www.yahoo.com/now/alice-coopers-top-10-halloween-songs-to-die-for-213932454.html 2023]</ref> |- |''Alice Cooper: Brutally Live'' |2000 |Performer,<ref>"Calico Cooper". ''Plex Inc.'' Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://watch.plex.tv/person/calico-cooper]</ref>backing vocals |- |''Dragontown'' |2001 |Backing vocals<ref>"Calico Cooper | Credits". ''AllMusic''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.allmusic.com/artist/calico-cooper-mn0003035557/credits]</ref> |- |''The Eyes of Alice Cooper'' |2003 |Backing vocals,theremin<ref>"Calico Cooper | Credits". ''AllMusic''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.allmusic.com/artist/calico-cooper-mn0003035557/credits]</ref> |- |''Live at Montreux'' |2006 |Perfomer, <ref>"Calico Cooper". ''Plex Inc.'' Retrieved September 22, 2023.[https://watch.plex.tv/person/calico-cooper]</ref>backing vocals |- |''Along Came a Spider'' |2008 |Spoken word, backing vocals<ref>"Calico Cooper | Credits". ''AllMusic''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.allmusic.com/artist/calico-cooper-mn0003035557/credits]</ref> |- |"The Last House on the Left" |The 69 Eyes, Wednesday 13, Calico Cooper, and Dani Filth |2019 |Vocals<ref>"Calico Cooper". Retrieved September 23, 2023 – via Apple Music.[https://music.apple.com/us/artist/calico-cooper/1479976741]</ref> |- |''Detroit Stories'' |Alice Cooper | rowspan="2" |2021 |Backing vocals<ref>"Calico Cooper | Credits". ''AllMusic''. Retrieved September 23, 2023.[https://www.allmusic.com/artist/calico-cooper-mn0003035557/credits]</ref> |- |"Films" (Gary Numan cover) |Wednesday 13, Calico Cooper<ref>"Calico Cooper". Retrieved September 23, 2023 – via Apple [https://music.apple.com/us/artist/calico-cooper/1479976741 Music]</ref> | rowspan="2" |Vocals |- |"Love Me Like a Reptile" (Motörhead tribute) |Howling Giant, Calico Cooper, Chuck Garric, and Kyle Juett<ref>"Calico Cooper". Retrieved September 23, 2023 – via Apple Music.[https://music.apple.com/us/artist/calico-cooper/1479976741]</ref> |2022 |} == Metswedi == swo86ofd4lw81lgbr4cg6gi5423fcdl 0 9569 50557 50080 2026-06-13T07:50:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Karabo Makhurubetshi|birth_date=3 February 1999 (age 25)|birth_place=[[Soweto]]|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|currentclub=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies]]|clubnumber=3|years1=-2019|clubs1=[[UJ Ladies FC|UJ Ladies]]|clubs2=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies]]|years2=2019-|nationalteam1=[[South Africa women's national soccer team|South Africa]]|nationalyears1=2020-|medaltemplates={{Medal|Country|{{fba|South Africa}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Championship]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2020 COSAFA Women's Championship|2020 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[CAF Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 CAF Women's Champions League|2021 Egypt]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 CAF Women's Champions League|2022 Morocco]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 CAF Women's Champions League|2023 Côte d'Ivoire]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2021 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2022 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2023 South Africa]]|}}}} '''Karabo Makhurubetshi''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le mararo ka 1999) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa kwa Afrorika borwa yo o tshamekang kwa morago mo setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] le setlhopha sa Aforika borwa sa setshaba.<ref name=":0">Reporter, Phakaaathi (1 April 2020). "[https://www.citizen.co.za/sport/soccer/sundowns-are-the-best-team-to-play-for-makhurubetshi/ Sundowns are the best team to play for - Makhurubetshi]". ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>UJ Ladies</big>''' Ka 2019, o ne a tlhophiwa mo setlhopheng sa kgwele ya dinao ya bomme ya World Student Games tse di neng di tshwaretswe kwa Italy.<ref>Vivier, Tyler Leigh (19 June 2019). "[https://www.goodthingsguy.com/sport/uj-sprinter-world-student-games/ Sprinter part of strong UJ contingent for World Games]". ''Good Things Guy''. Retrieved 20 April 2024.</ref> '''<big>Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies</big>''' Makhurubetshi e ne e le bontlha ja setlhopha sa Sundowns Ladies se se fentseng SAFA Women's League ya ntlhantlha ya setlha sa 2019-20 e sa latlhegelwa.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2021, e ne e le tokololo ya setlhopha sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Sundowns Ladies]] se se neng sa fenya dikopi tse tharo. Setlhopha seo se fentse COSAFA Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha, CAF Women's Champions League le Hollywoodbets Super League.<ref>Voice, Diski (5 December 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240921020817/https://diskivoice.co.za/sundowns-crowned-champions-of-hollywoodbets-super-league/ Sundowns Crowned Champions OF Hollywoodbets Super League | Diski Voice]". Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/caf-womens-champions-league-mamelodi-sundowns-beat-ghanaian-side-hasaacas-to-rule-africa/bltf4ee16212cc29ff3 Caf Women's Champions League: Mamelodi Sundowns beat Hasaacas to rule Africa | Goal.com South Africa]". ''www.goal.com''. 20 November 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>Times, iDiski (4 September 2021). "[https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/womens-football/sundowns-book-cafwcl-finals-spot/ Sundowns Book CAFWCL Finals Spot]". ''iDiski Times''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref> Ba ne ba bona maemo a bobedi mo COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2022 le mo CAF Women's Champions league ya 2022. Ba fenya Hollywoodbets Super League ya boraro ka tatelano ka Ngwanatsele wa 2022.<ref>Times, iDiski (28 November 2022). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20260425234911/https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/womens-football/final-hollywoodbets-super-league-wrap/ Final Hollywoodbets Super League Wrap]". ''iDiski Times''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/as-far-stun-nine-woman-mamelodi-sundowns-to-clinch-2022-caf-women-s-champions-league-title/bltc72e136a7b1c7999 AS FAR stun nine-woman Mamelodi Sundowns to clinch 2022 Caf Women's Champions League title | Goal.com South Africa]". ''www.goal.com''. 13 November 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://cosafa.com/green-buffaloes-stun-mamelodi-sundowns-to-win-regional-title/ EN, FR, PR: Green Buffaloes stun Mamelodi Sundowns to win regional title]". 13 August 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref> Ka 2023, ba fenya dikopi tse tharo e le la bobedi fa ba fenya COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2023, CAF Women's Champions League ya 2023 le bommampodi ja Hollywoodbets Super League ya 2023.<ref>"[https://www.cafonline.com/caf-womens-champions-league/news/mamelodi-sundowns-to-represent-cosafa-region-at-caf-women-s-champions-league/ Mamelodi Sundowns to represent COSAFA region at CAF Women's Champions League]". ''CAF''. 9 August 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>Pillay, Alicia (31 December 2023). "[https://gsport.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-ready-for-more-success-after-2023-triumph/ Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Ready for More Success after 2023 Triumph]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref><ref>Shelat, Neel. "[https://www.forbes.com/sites/neelshelat/2023/11/20/caf-womens-champions-league-mamelodi-sundowns-reclaim-their-crown-with-a-perfect-campaign/ CAF Women's Champions League: Mamelodi Sundowns Reclaim Their Crown With A Perfect Campaign]". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == Makhurubetshi o gaisantse mo setlhopheng sa setshaba sa bomme sa Aforika borwa kwa COSAFA Women's Championship ya 2022 fa ba fenya kgaisano eo ba fenya Botswana ka nno tse pedi go e le nngwe kwa makgaolakgang.<ref>Abrahams, Celine (14 November 2020). "[https://gsport.co.za/banyana-clinch-fourth-successive-cosafa-womens-champs-title/ Banyana Clinch Fourth Successive COSAFA Women's Champs Title]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 13 March 2024.</ref> O ne gape a le mo setlhopheng sa COSAFA Women's Championship ya 2021 se se neng sa fetsa mo maemong a bone. == Ditlotla == === Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies === * SAFA Women's League: 2019-20, 2021, 2022, 2023 * CAF Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023; maemo a bobedi: 2022 * COSAFA Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023; maemo a bobedi 2022 === Aforika Borwa === * COSAFA Women's Championship: 2020 == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Ba ba tshelang]] qg6mpo5p3shsahshagcliftg7dko4y5 0 9582 50566 36150 2026-06-13T08:59:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Lehlogonolo Mashigo|full_name=Modikanalo Lehlogonolo Sebastian Mashigo|birth_date=20 July 1999|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies]]|clubnumber=7|clubs1=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies]]|medaltemplates={{MedalCompetition|[[CAF Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 CAF Women's Champions League|2021 Egypt]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 CAF Women's Champions League|2022 Morocco]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 CAF Women's Champions League|2023 Côte d'Ivoire]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2021 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2022 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2023 South Africa]]|}}}} '''Modikanalo Lehlogonolo Sebastian Mashigo,''' yo o itsegeng ka '''Hlogi Mash''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le masome a mabedi ka 1999) ke moAforika borwa wa moopedi wa amapiano, mmini le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao yo o tshamekang fagare kwa setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]].<ref>Mtuta, Lukhanyo. "[https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/lifestyle/fame-and-fortune/meet-the-amapiano-and-mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-star-20210906 Meet the Amapiano and Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies star]". ''KickOff''. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> == Tiro ya setlhopha == Ka 2020, Mashigo a ya kwa setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]]. E ne e le karolo ya setlhopha se se neng sa fenya bo-simega ja SAFA Women's League ya 2020 se se neng sa dira gore ba iponele phatlha kwa COSAFA Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha. Ka 2021, o ne a le leloko la setlhopha sa Sundowns Ladies se se neng sa fenya dikopi tse tharo. Ba ne ba fenya COSAFA Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha le CAF Women's Champions League. Ba feleletsa boraro joo ka go sireletsa bommampodi ja bone ja Hollywoodbets Super League ka Sedimonthole wa 2021.<ref>Voice, Diski (2021-12-05). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240921020817/https://diskivoice.co.za/sundowns-crowned-champions-of-hollywoodbets-super-league/ Sundowns Crowned Champions OF Hollywoodbets Super League | Diski Voice]". Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> Ba ne ba bona maemo a bobedi mo COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2022 le mo CAF Women's Champions League ya 2022.Ba fenya Hollywoodbets Super League ngwaga wa boraro ka tatelano ka Ngwanatsele wa 2022.<ref>"[https://cosafa.com/green-buffaloes-stun-mamelodi-sundowns-to-win-regional-title/ EN, FR, PR: Green Buffaloes stun Mamelodi Sundowns to win regional title]". 2022-08-13. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref><ref>"[https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/as-far-stun-nine-woman-mamelodi-sundowns-to-clinch-2022-caf-women-s-champions-league-title/bltc72e136a7b1c7999 AS FAR stun nine-woman Mamelodi Sundowns to clinch 2022 Caf Women's Champions League title | Goal.com South Africa]". ''www.goal.com''. 2022-11-13. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> Ka 2023 ba ne ba fenya dikopi tse tharo e le labobedi, ba simolola ka COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2023. Ba tsaya gape sekgele sa Champions League fa ba fenya CAF Women's Champions League ya 2023. Ba feleletsa boraro joo ka bommampodi ja Hollywoodbets Super League ya 2023 ka Sedimonthole.<ref>Pillay, Alicia (2023-12-31). "[https://gsport.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-ready-for-more-success-after-2023-triumph/ Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Ready for More Success after 2023 Triumph]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> == Mmino le go bina == O itsege ka leina la serala la Hlogi Mash. Ka 2022 o ne a tlhagisiwa mo karolong ya boraro ya motseletsele wa ditokomane wa Sundowns Stories YouTube.<ref>Luthuli, Lusanda. "[https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/fan-park/the-versatile-talent-of-lehlogonolo-mashigo-20220923 Double Life: Hlogi Mash Lives The Best Of Both Worlds]". ''Soccer Laduma''. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> Tokomane ya gagwe e e bidiwang ''Hlogi- Shoe Shine and the Yanos'' e ne e supa botshelo ja gagwe jaaka sebini.<ref>''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_1a0DpscUo Hlogi - Shoe Shine and The Yanos | Sundowns Stories Episode 3]'', retrieved 2024-03-22</ref> O ne gape a golola tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha ya EP e ne e na le dipina di bidiwa Mamelodi, Jersey No. 7 (nomoro e a e aparang kwa Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies), Ke Bosso le EHH JOH e e reediwang ke bareetsi ba feta 90 000 mo Spotify.<ref>''[https://open.spotify.com/track/3Sqk5W2YKrrEE7kc43gozm EHH JOH]'', 2022-07-26, retrieved 2024-03-22</ref><ref>Mtuta, Lukhanyo. "[https://www.snl24.com/kickoff/lifestyle/fame-and-fortune/meet-the-amapiano-and-mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-star-20210906 Meet the Amapiano and Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies star]". ''KickOff''. Retrieved 2024-03-22.</ref> Ka 2023 o ne a bereka mo pineng ya ga Mac Lopez, EmKay, MacG ya Hwiralang.<ref>''[https://music.apple.com/za/song/hwiralang-feat-siko-wa-mmino-hlogi-mash-mixed/1721409179 <nowiki>Hwiralang (feat. Siko Wa Mmino & Hlogi Mash) [Mixed] by MacG, Emkay & Mac lopez on Apple Music</nowiki>]'', 2023-12-22, retrieved 2024-03-22</ref> Pina e o e ne ya feta bareetsi ba le 1.6 million mo Spotify.<ref>''[https://open.spotify.com/track/2EHuGcp8oYEvXPYotvu6k5 Hwiralang]'', 2023-03-02, retrieved 2024-03-22</ref> Ka 2024, Mash le sebini ka ene Hope Ramafalo e ne ya nna maAforika borwa a ntlha go fiwa tlotla ya TikTok ya polatinamo tse dintsi go dira kgwetlho ya go bina ya ''Hamba Wena.'' Ba iponagaditse mo setshwantshong sa motshikinyego sa pina yeo e e neng e lebeletswe ga 19 million mo Youtube go ema ka Moranang wa 2024.<ref>Booi, Silindokuhle (2024-02-20). "[https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/south-african-dancers-become-the-first-to-receive-a-plaque-for-dancing/ South African dancers become the first to receive a plaque for dancing]". ''Bona Magazine''. Retrieved 2024-04-27.</ref> == Ditlotla == === Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies === * SAFA Women's League: 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 * CAF Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023;maemo a bobedi: 2022 * COSAFA Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023; maemo a bobedi 2022 == Metswedi == 94lzv3rgb1iuugmiz10sl8njnspbt5j 0 9583 50601 50107 2026-06-13T11:08:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Melinda Kgadiete|image=Melinda Kgadiete Chile - Sudáfrica 20181009 11.jpg|caption=Kgadiete with [[South Africa women's national football team|South Africa]] in 2018|birth_date={{birth date and age|1992|7|21|df=y}}<ref name="CAF">{{cite web |title=Player Details: Melinda Kgadiete |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/womenafconghana2018/TeamDetails/PlayerDetails?CompetitionPlayerId=aOtbeO02jz3VHqW4AgJlAsRARJRAg7p%2f12vxVvZyIW6JK%2bgQWp0bU7um1%2bn%2bZao7&TeamsIDs=jl%2fV7XlS0HTnOT0N%2fkH3%2fNiGJrARFMfxKiDbaSj3uWtOaEWrE3KfSw%2fpxVrhcN7Q |website=Total Women's Africa Cup of Nations |publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]] |accessdate=16 June 2019}}</ref>|position=[[Attacking midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]]<ref name="Sundowns wesite">{{Cite web|url=https://sundownsfc.co.za/we-are-the-defending-champions-we-have-to-keep-up-to-standard-melinda-kgadiete/|title = We Are the Defending Champions, We Have to Keep up to Standard - Melinda Kgadiete|date = 11 June 2021}}</ref>|clubnumber=11|clubs1=[[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]]|years1=2021–|nationalteam-update=20 July 2023 (prior the [[2023 FIFA Women's World Cup]])|medaltemplates={{Medal|Country|{{fba|South Africa}}}} {{Medal|Comp|[[Women's Africa Cup of Nations]]}} {{Medal|2nd|[[2018 Africa Women Cup of Nations|2018 Ghana]]|}} {{Medal|1st|[[2022 Women's Africa Cup of Nations|2022 Morocco]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[CAF Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 CAF Women's Champions League|2021 Egypt]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 CAF Women's Champions League|2022 Morocco]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 CAF Women's Champions League|2023 Côte d'Ivoire]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[COSAFA Women's Champions League]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2021 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2021 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalSilver|[[2022 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2022 South Africa]]|}} {{MedalGold|[[2023 COSAFA Women's Champions League|2023 South Africa]]|}}|nationalteam1=[[South Africa women's national soccer team|South Africa]]|nationalyears1=2018–|nationalcaps1=26<ref name="Soccerway">{{Soccerway|accessdate=16 June 2019}}</ref>|nationalgoals1=3}} '''Melinda Kgadiete''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le masome a mabedi le motso ka 1992) ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale wa moAforika Borwa yo o tshamekang fa gare a etla a tlhasela mo setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] le sa setshaba sa bomme sa Aforika Borwa. == Tiro ya setlhopha == '''<big>Bloemfontein Celtics Ladies</big>''' Kgadiete e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa Bloemfontein Celtics Ladies se se fentseng Sasol National League Championship ya 2017 a nosa gabedi kgantlhanong le Cape Town Roses go thusa setlhopha sa gagwe go fenya ka dino tse pedi go lefela kwa makgaolakgang a a neng a tshwaretswe kwa Mbombela.<ref>tsholofelomosina (11 December 2017). "[https://alexnews.co.za/108962/bloemfontein-celtic-ladies-sasol-womens-league-champions/ Bloemfontein Celtic Ladies are Sasol Women's League champions again]". ''Alex News''. Retrieved 11 November 2023.</ref> '''<big>Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies</big>''' Ka 2021 o ne a ya kwa setlhopheng sa SAFA Women's League sa [[Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.|Mamelodi Sundowns]] ebile e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha se se neng sa fenya COSAFA Women's Champions League 2021. E ne e le ene monosi yo o kwa godimo mo COSAFA Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha a nositse dino di le tlhano.<ref>"[https://cosafa.com/sundowns-crowned-winners-of-totalenergies-caf-womens-champions-league-cosafa-qualifiers/ ENG, FRE, POR: Sundowns crowned winners of TotalEnergies CAF Women's Champions League | COSAFA Qualifiers]". 4 September 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2023.</ref> Ka CAF Women's Champions League ya 2021 Kgadiete a nosa nno ya phenyo mo motshamekong wa ntlha kgatlhanong le Vihiga Queens go tswa Kenya. Setlhopha se ne sa tsamaya sa ya go fenya CAF Women's Champions League ya ntlhantlha e e neng e tshwaretswe kwa Egepeto. Setlhopha se ne sa feleletsa boraro ja dikopi ka go fenya Hollywoodbets Super League ya 2021.<ref>"[https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/caf-womens-champions-league-mamelodi-sundowns-beat-ghanaian-side-hasaacas-to-rule-africa/bltf4ee16212cc29ff3 Caf Women's Champions League: Mamelodi Sundowns beat Hasaacas to rule Africa | Goal.com South Africa]". ''www.goal.com''. 20 November 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref><ref>Voice, Diski (5 December 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240921020817/https://diskivoice.co.za/sundowns-crowned-champions-of-hollywoodbets-super-league/ Sundowns Crowned Champions OF Hollywoodbets Super League | Diski Voice]". Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> O ne a le mo maemong a bobedi mo CAF Women's Champions League mme a nosa dino tse tharo mo kgaisanong eo a bo a bidiwa motshameki wa kgaisano.<ref>"[https://cosafa.com/green-buffaloes-stun-mamelodi-sundowns-to-win-regional-title/ EN, FR, PR: Green Buffaloes stun Mamelodi Sundowns to win regional title]". 13 August 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2023.</ref> Setlhopha seo se ne sa goroga kwa makgaolakgannyeng a CAF Women's Champions League gabedi ka tatelano mme ba fetsa mo maemong a bobedi fa morago ga AS FAR mo CAF Women's Champions League ya 2022. Kgadiete a nnile le seabe sa dino tse pedi mo kgaisanong eo.<ref>"[https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/as-far-stun-nine-woman-mamelodi-sundowns-to-clinch-2022-caf-women-s-champions-league-title/bltc72e136a7b1c7999 AS FAR stun nine-woman Mamelodi Sundowns to clinch 2022 Caf Women's Champions League title | Goal.com South Africa]". ''www.goal.com''. 13 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2023</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele, Sundowns Ladies e ne ya bewa bommampodi ba Hollywoodbets Super League ya 2022 ba nna ditshimega e le la boraro ka tatelano.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240518160906/https://www.safa.net/2022/12/04/sundowns-ladies-dominate-the-2022-hollywoodbets-super-league-awards/ Sundowns Ladies dominate the 2022 Hollywoodbets Super League Awards - SAFA.net]". 4 December 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> Ka 2023, o ne a fenya COSAFA Women's Champions League ya 2023 le CAF Women's Champions League ya 2023 le Sundowns Ladies. Kgadiete o nositse mo motshamekong wa ditlhophana wa CAF Women's Champions League ya bobedi kgatlhanong le SCC Casablanca.<ref>"[https://www.cafonline.com/caf-womens-champions-league/news/sundowns-through-to-caf-women-s-champions-league-semi-finals/ Sundowns through to CAF Women's Champions League semi-finals]". ''CAF''. 11 August 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole ba ne ba feleletsa boraro ja dikopi ka go fenya Holywoodbets Super League ya 2023. Kgadiete a nositse dino tse lesome le bone mo iponagatsong tse masome mabedi le bobedi.<ref>Pillay, Alicia (7 December 2023). "[https://gsport.co.za/mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-defend-hollywoodbets-super-league-title/ Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Defend Hollywoodbets Super League Title]". ''gsport4girls''. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> == Tiro ya boditshabatshaba == Kgadiete o gaisantse mo setlhopheng sa setshaba sa bomme sa kgwele ya dinao sa Aforika Borwa kwa Africa Women Cup of Nations ya 2018 kwa ba neng ba fetsa mo maemong a bobedi.<ref>"[http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/womenafconghana2018/TeamDetails/PlayerDetails?CompetitionPlayerId=aOtbeO02jz3VHqW4AgJlAsRARJRAg7p%2f12vxVvZyIW6JK%2bgQWp0bU7um1%2bn%2bZao7&TeamsIDs=jl%2fV7XlS0HTnOT0N%2fkH3%2fNiGJrARFMfxKiDbaSj3uWtOaEWrE3KfSw%2fpxVrhcN7Q Player Details: Melinda Kgadiete]". ''Total Women's Africa Cup of Nations''. [[:en:Confederation_of_African_Football|Confederation of African Football]]. Retrieved 16 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/533553/ Melinda Kgadiete] at Soccerway. Retrieved 16 June 2019. </ref> E ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa setshaba sa bomme sa kgwele ya dinao sa Aforika Borwa kwa Africa Women Cup of Nations ya 2022 kwa ba neng ba fenya e le lantlha sekgele sa kontinente le kwa sejaneng sa lefatshe sa FIFA sa bomme sa 2023 kwa ba gorogileng kwa go ba bofelo ba ba lesome le borataro.<ref>"[https://www.cafonline.com/caf-womens-africa-cup-of-nations/news/magaia-brace-hands-south-africa-first-wafcon-trophy/ Magaia brace hands South Africa first TotalEnergies WAFCON trophy]". ''CAF''. 29 June 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2023.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230624011912/https://www.safa.net/2023/06/23/coach-ellis-names-final-banyana-banyana-world-cup-squad/ Coach Ellis names final Banyana Banyana World Cup squad - SAFA.net]". 23 June 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.</ref> == Ditlotla == '''Setlhopha''' '''Bloemfontein Celtics Ladies''' * Sasol League National Championship: 2017 '''Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies''' * SAFA Women's League: 2021, 2022, 2023 * CAF Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023 maemo a bobedi: 2022 * COSAFA Women's Champions League: 2021, 2023 maemo a bobedi: 2022 '''Aforika Borwa''' * Women's Africa Cup of Nations: 2022, maemo a bobedi: 2018 '''Tsa gagwe''' * 2021 COSAFA Women's Champions League: Monosi wa dino yo o kwa godimo (dino tse tlhano) * 2022 COSAFA Women's Champions League: motshameki wa kgaisano == Metswedi == a6ch8f2622a0yca9snkv2kw45y5hiyz 0 9610 50545 36221 2026-06-13T05:08:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50545 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fade Ogunro''' ke moitsanape mo go tsa kgaso, mo seromamoweng le mo thelebisheneng, ke modiri wa ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyengo gape ke mosegi wa diaparo. Ke mosemolodi le mookamed wa Bookings Africa eleng thulaganyo ya maranyane e bapatsang talente mo Aferika. Ke monni wa kgaolwana ya Ekiti kwa botlhatsatsi-bophirima ga lefatshe la Nigeria. O bua [[Sekgowa]], [[Sefora]] le [[Sepotokisi]].<ref>[https://africamusiclaw.com/amls-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-video-fade-ogunro-shares-insight-on-her-video-production-company/ #SCHICKWOMAN: FADE OGUNRO IS THE MEDIAPRENEUR TAKING OVER AFRICA"]. December 26, 2017</ref><ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro#cite_note-auto-2|"AML's Nigerian Women in Entertainment: (Video) Fade Ogunro Shares Insight on her Video Production Company, Film Factory".]] December 9, 2013.</ref> == Dithuto le ditiro == Fade Ogunro o dule kwa [[Nigeria]] a ya [[United Kingdom]] le batsadi ba gagwe fa nne a santse a nale dingwaga tse supa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240605130127/https://cdn.punchng.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/30200649/e.jpg "ICYMI: E-banking faces threat as customers lose huge savings to fraudsters – Punch Newspapers"]. ''Punch Newspapers – The most widely read newspaper in Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-08-14.</ref> O ithutetse bobegadikgang le go nna mokwadi kwa mmadikolo wa Roehampton kwa UK.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211119140650/https://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/ ""I Have Turned 30...It's Time For Me To Focus More On My Company!" - Fade Ogunro On The Real Reason She Left Radio".] January 20, 2016. Archived from [https://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/ the original] on November 19, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2020.</ref>Morago ga dithuto tsa gagwe kwa mmadikolo, o ile a berekela lekalana la Google kwa UK. O ile a boela morago kwa Nigeria ka 2010 a bo a simolola go dira mo seromamoweng sa [[Continental]] ka ngwaga ole mongwe. O ile a berekela dikgang tsa PM, pampiri ya dikgang ya [[Guardian]], seromamowa sa 234 Next le Beat 99.9 FM.<ref>[./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fade_Ogunro #SCHICKWOMAN: FADE OGUNRO IS THE MEDIAPRENEUR TAKING OVER AFRICA".] December 26, 2017</ref>O tsamaisa thulaganyo tsa seromamowa ka mafelo a beke kwa Beat 99.9FM. Ke mogokaganyi wa thulaganyo ya thelebishene e bidiwang Glam Report. O ile a tlogela kwa seromamoweng sa Beat 99.9FM ka ngwaga wa 2016.<ref>[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities "Ex OAP explains why she left radio"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''. January 12, 2016.</ref> Ka Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ile a tlhomamisa lenaneo la maranyane la Bookinga Africa. Lenaneo le le letlelela ba tsaya karolo to batlisisa ka batho ba ditalente tse di farologaneng, e goroga kwa bathong, e bile ditlhwatlhwa tsa dithuso e di tshwantshanya le barekisi ba bangwe. Lenaneo le le nale dikarololwana di le lesome le bone tsa ditalente tse di farologaneng e bile di bonala kwa Nigeria, Kenya, [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]]<ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro|Awodipe, Tobi (2019-11-16). "Fade Ogunro to revolutionise young entrepreneurs, pan-african marketplace with Bookings Africa - Nigeria and World News".]] ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. Retrieved 2020-08-14.</ref><ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/26/fade-ogunro-launches-bookings-africa-for-talents-sourcing/ "Fade Ogunro Launches 'Bookings Africa ' for Talents Sourcing".] October 25, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211119132119/https://idafrica.ng/dayo-adeyelure-and-fade-ogunro-to-share-insights-at-neclive-7/ "Dayo Adeyelure And Fade Ogunro To Share Insights At NECLive 7".] April 21, 2019. Archived from [https://idafrica.ng/dayo-adeyelure-and-fade-ogunro-to-share-insights-at-neclive-7/ the original] on November 19, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2020.</ref><ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro|"Fade Ogunro Biography - Age"]]. April 19, 2016.</ref>Ke mosimolodi le mookamedi wa lephata la kgaso kwa FilmFactoryNG eleng kgweebo ya tsa kgaso. O tsamaisa thulaganyo ya ditshupo tsa diaparo e bidiwang Fashion Friday with Fade.<ref>[https://africamusiclaw.com/amls-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-video-fade-ogunro-shares-insight-on-her-video-production-company/ "AML's Nigerian Women in Entertainment: (Video) Fade Ogunro Shares Insight on her Video Production Company, Film Factory".] December 9, 2013.</ref> Ke ene mosadi wa ntlha go nna karolo ya [[Global Campaign Board of Cherie Blair]] [[Foundation]] ya bomme, lekalana le le thusa bomme ba ba die=rang dikgweebo ka madi a kwa tlase le madi a fa gare lefatshe ka bophara.<ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/cherie-blair-foundation-appoints-ogunro-on-its-global-campaign-board/ "Cherie Blair Foundation appoints Ogunro on its global campaign board"]. ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. 2021-02-18. Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref> Mme Ogunro ke sebini sa pele sa mmino wa [[ballerina]]. O ile a tlhotlheletsa Anthony Mmesoma Madu, o dingwaga tse lesome le bongwe o setshwantsho sa gagwe sa mmino wa balllerina se ileng sa nna mmamoratwa mo maranyaneng ka ngwaga wa 2020.<ref>Brara, Noor (2020-08-19). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/19/arts/dance/lagos-ballet-school-viral-video.html "In Lagos, a Homegrown Ballet Academy Leaps Into the Spotlight"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0362-4331 ISSN 0362-4331.] Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ogunro ke morwadie Sesan Ogunro Snr, ke mongwe wa batlhami ba lekalana la batho ba ba bapatsang kwa Nigeria o ileng a bolawa ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/151951-ekiti-broadcasting-service-boss-ogunro-killed-lagos.html?tztc=1 "Ekiti Broadcasting Service boss, Ogunro killed in Lagos | Premium Times Nigeria"]. 2013-12-23. Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref>Ke kgaitsadie [[Sesan Ogunro]] eleng mogokaganyi wa ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego e bile a nale kompone ya kgaso e bidiwa [[Film Factory together]].<ref>Eze, Mary Jane (12 January 2016). [https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/amp/news/202741/ex-beat-fm-oap-fade-ogunro-speaks-on-how-she-managed-two-h.html "Ex-Beat FM OAP, Fade Ogunro Speaks On How She Managed 'Two Husbands' At A Time".] The Nigerian Voice. Retrieved 14 September 2020.</ref> Bona gape * [[The Ascension (2face Idibia album)]]<ref>'''''The Ascension''''' is the sixth studio album by Nigerian singer 2face Idibia. It was released on July 21, 2014, by Hypertek Digital and 960 Music Group, and serves as the follow-up to his fifth studio album ''Away and Beyond'' (2012). The album features guest appearances from Machel Montano, Vector, Bridget Kelly, Rocksteady, Dammy Krane, Sir Victor Uwaifo, Iceberg Slim, Kim Almarcha, Shurwayne Winchester and Fally Ipupa. It was produced by Leriq, Alton Berti, Bolji Beats, Dezay, Dnyce, Fabio Litto, Femdouble, GSol the Producer, Jay Sleek, Kodjo, Masterkraft and Rolly. ''The Ascension'' debuted at number 12 on the ''Billboard'' World Albums chart and received generally mixed reviews from music critics. 2face made history as the first Nigerian musician to debut an album on the aforementioned ranking.</ref> == Metswedi == frafac68j3v3jidggqofxcm2jmey8yw 50546 50545 2026-06-13T05:08:17Z KiranBOT 11660 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v2.2.9s 50546 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fade Ogunro''' ke moitsanape mo go tsa kgaso, mo seromamoweng le mo thelebisheneng, ke modiri wa ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyengo gape ke mosegi wa diaparo. Ke mosemolodi le mookamed wa Bookings Africa eleng thulaganyo ya maranyane e bapatsang talente mo Aferika. Ke monni wa kgaolwana ya Ekiti kwa botlhatsatsi-bophirima ga lefatshe la Nigeria. O bua [[Sekgowa]], [[Sefora]] le [[Sepotokisi]].<ref>[https://africamusiclaw.com/amls-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-video-fade-ogunro-shares-insight-on-her-video-production-company/ #SCHICKWOMAN: FADE OGUNRO IS THE MEDIAPRENEUR TAKING OVER AFRICA"]. December 26, 2017</ref><ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro#cite_note-auto-2|"AML's Nigerian Women in Entertainment: (Video) Fade Ogunro Shares Insight on her Video Production Company, Film Factory".]] December 9, 2013.</ref> == Dithuto le ditiro == Fade Ogunro o dule kwa [[Nigeria]] a ya [[United Kingdom]] le batsadi ba gagwe fa nne a santse a nale dingwaga tse supa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240605130127/https://cdn.punchng.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/30200649/e.jpg "ICYMI: E-banking faces threat as customers lose huge savings to fraudsters – Punch Newspapers"]. ''Punch Newspapers – The most widely read newspaper in Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-08-14.</ref> O ithutetse bobegadikgang le go nna mokwadi kwa mmadikolo wa Roehampton kwa UK.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211119140650/https://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/ ""I Have Turned 30...It's Time For Me To Focus More On My Company!" - Fade Ogunro On The Real Reason She Left Radio".] January 20, 2016. Archived from [https://woman.ng/2016/01/i-have-turned-30-its-time-for-me-to-focus-more-on-my-company-fade-ogunro-on-the-real-reason-she-left-radio/ the original] on November 19, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2020.</ref>Morago ga dithuto tsa gagwe kwa mmadikolo, o ile a berekela lekalana la Google kwa UK. O ile a boela morago kwa Nigeria ka 2010 a bo a simolola go dira mo seromamoweng sa [[Continental]] ka ngwaga ole mongwe. O ile a berekela dikgang tsa PM, pampiri ya dikgang ya [[Guardian]], seromamowa sa 234 Next le Beat 99.9 FM.<ref>[./Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fade_Ogunro #SCHICKWOMAN: FADE OGUNRO IS THE MEDIAPRENEUR TAKING OVER AFRICA".] December 26, 2017</ref>O tsamaisa thulaganyo tsa seromamowa ka mafelo a beke kwa Beat 99.9FM. Ke mogokaganyi wa thulaganyo ya thelebishene e bidiwang Glam Report. O ile a tlogela kwa seromamoweng sa Beat 99.9FM ka ngwaga wa 2016.<ref>[https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities "Ex OAP explains why she left radio"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''. January 12, 2016.</ref> Ka Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ile a tlhomamisa lenaneo la maranyane la Bookinga Africa. Lenaneo le le letlelela ba tsaya karolo to batlisisa ka batho ba ditalente tse di farologaneng, e goroga kwa bathong, e bile ditlhwatlhwa tsa dithuso e di tshwantshanya le barekisi ba bangwe. Lenaneo le le nale dikarololwana di le lesome le bone tsa ditalente tse di farologaneng e bile di bonala kwa Nigeria, Kenya, [[Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa.]]<ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro|Awodipe, Tobi (2019-11-16). "Fade Ogunro to revolutionise young entrepreneurs, pan-african marketplace with Bookings Africa - Nigeria and World News".]] ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. Retrieved 2020-08-14.</ref><ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/26/fade-ogunro-launches-bookings-africa-for-talents-sourcing/ "Fade Ogunro Launches 'Bookings Africa ' for Talents Sourcing".] October 25, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211119132119/https://idafrica.ng/dayo-adeyelure-and-fade-ogunro-to-share-insights-at-neclive-7/ "Dayo Adeyelure And Fade Ogunro To Share Insights At NECLive 7".] April 21, 2019. Archived from [https://idafrica.ng/dayo-adeyelure-and-fade-ogunro-to-share-insights-at-neclive-7/ the original] on November 19, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2020.</ref><ref>[[:en:Fade_Ogunro|"Fade Ogunro Biography - Age"]]. April 19, 2016.</ref>Ke mosimolodi le mookamedi wa lephata la kgaso kwa FilmFactoryNG eleng kgweebo ya tsa kgaso. O tsamaisa thulaganyo ya ditshupo tsa diaparo e bidiwang Fashion Friday with Fade.<ref>[https://africamusiclaw.com/amls-nigerian-women-in-entertainment-video-fade-ogunro-shares-insight-on-her-video-production-company/ "AML's Nigerian Women in Entertainment: (Video) Fade Ogunro Shares Insight on her Video Production Company, Film Factory".] December 9, 2013.</ref> Ke ene mosadi wa ntlha go nna karolo ya [[Global Campaign Board of Cherie Blair]] [[Foundation]] ya bomme, lekalana le le thusa bomme ba ba die=rang dikgweebo ka madi a kwa tlase le madi a fa gare lefatshe ka bophara.<ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/cherie-blair-foundation-appoints-ogunro-on-its-global-campaign-board/ "Cherie Blair Foundation appoints Ogunro on its global campaign board"]. ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. 2021-02-18. Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref> Mme Ogunro ke sebini sa pele sa mmino wa [[ballerina]]. O ile a tlhotlheletsa Anthony Mmesoma Madu, o dingwaga tse lesome le bongwe o setshwantsho sa gagwe sa mmino wa balllerina se ileng sa nna mmamoratwa mo maranyaneng ka ngwaga wa 2020.<ref>Brara, Noor (2020-08-19). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/19/arts/dance/lagos-ballet-school-viral-video.html "In Lagos, a Homegrown Ballet Academy Leaps Into the Spotlight"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0362-4331 ISSN 0362-4331.] Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ogunro ke morwadie Sesan Ogunro Snr, ke mongwe wa batlhami ba lekalana la batho ba ba bapatsang kwa Nigeria o ileng a bolawa ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/151951-ekiti-broadcasting-service-boss-ogunro-killed-lagos.html?tztc=1 "Ekiti Broadcasting Service boss, Ogunro killed in Lagos | Premium Times Nigeria"]. 2013-12-23. Retrieved 2021-11-25.</ref>Ke kgaitsadie [[Sesan Ogunro]] eleng mogokaganyi wa ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego e bile a nale kompone ya kgaso e bidiwa [[Film Factory together]].<ref>Eze, Mary Jane (12 January 2016). [https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/202741/ex-beat-fm-oap-fade-ogunro-speaks-on-how-she-managed-two-h.html "Ex-Beat FM OAP, Fade Ogunro Speaks On How She Managed 'Two Husbands' At A Time".] The Nigerian Voice. Retrieved 14 September 2020.</ref> Bona gape * [[The Ascension (2face Idibia album)]]<ref>'''''The Ascension''''' is the sixth studio album by Nigerian singer 2face Idibia. It was released on July 21, 2014, by Hypertek Digital and 960 Music Group, and serves as the follow-up to his fifth studio album ''Away and Beyond'' (2012). The album features guest appearances from Machel Montano, Vector, Bridget Kelly, Rocksteady, Dammy Krane, Sir Victor Uwaifo, Iceberg Slim, Kim Almarcha, Shurwayne Winchester and Fally Ipupa. It was produced by Leriq, Alton Berti, Bolji Beats, Dezay, Dnyce, Fabio Litto, Femdouble, GSol the Producer, Jay Sleek, Kodjo, Masterkraft and Rolly. ''The Ascension'' debuted at number 12 on the ''Billboard'' World Albums chart and received generally mixed reviews from music critics. 2face made history as the first Nigerian musician to debut an album on the aforementioned ranking.</ref> == Metswedi == 2giufjdqoz18glpw7u0dnl2n3r2latu 0 9858 50554 40042 2026-06-13T07:33:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50554 wikitext text/x-wiki Josy (Joseph) Braun (14 Hirikgong 1938 - 4 Phatwe 2012) <ref>"Josy Braun ist tot". Wort.lu. Retrieved 28 August 2012.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120807075248/http://www.wort.lu/de/view/josy-braun-ist-tot-501d2fc0e4b077a166186a97]</ref> e ne e le mokwadi wa kwa {{Infobox person|name=Josy Braun|image=Josy-Braun--VI07-w.jpg|birth_name=Joseph Braun|birth_date={{birth date|1938|1|14|df=y}}|death_date={{death date and age|2012|8|4|1938|1|14|df=y}}|occupation={{flatlist| *Writer *journalist *translator }}|nationality=Luxembourgian|spouse=Josée Klinker}} Luxembourg, mmegadikgang le moranodi yo o neng a kwala thata ka puo ya kwa Luxembourg. <ref>"Braun, Josy", ''Luxemburger Lexikon'', Editions Guy Binsfeld, Luxembourg, 2006. (in German)</ref> Braun o ne a kwala metshameko ya bagolo le ya bana, maboko, dipadi le dipolelo tsa bana. Metshameko ya gagwe, e gantsi e buang ka dikgang tsa sepolotiki, e akaretsa D'Kromm an der Heck (1966), Requiem fir e Lompekréimer (1966), Wie bas de Leo? (1976), Hexejuecht (1978). Dibuka tsa gagwe di ile tsa ranolelwa mo Sejeremaneng, Sefora, Seesemane, Sentadiana, Sepotokisi le Se-Russia. O kwadile kgang ya ntlha ya sephiri ka puo ya Se-Luxembourg, Porto fir d'Affekoten (1997).<ref>"Luxembourg", ''Encyclopédie Larousse''. (in French) Retrieved 12 February 2011.[http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/litterature/Luxembourg/174990]</ref><ref>"La littérature" Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Arts et culture au Luxembourg, ''Grand-Duché de Luxembourg''. (in French) Retrieved 12 February [https://archive.today/20130219012110/http://www.lejeudi.lu/Culture/2562.html 2011]</ref>Pokello ya hae ya 2010 ya dithothokiso, Billersproochbiller, e bontshitsweng ke mosadi wa hae Josée Klinker, e ile ya fetolelwa ka Sefora, Sejeremane le Senyesemane ka sepheo sa ho atolosa mmadi ho feta baahi ba moo ba Luxembourg. <ref>"La littérature" Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Arts et culture au Luxembourg, ''Grand-Duché de Luxembourg''. (in French) Retrieved 12 February 2011.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine]</ref> Kréiwénkel ke padi e e buang ka ditoro, go tlhologelelwa le go kgobega marapo ga baanelwa ba yone, e e bontshang kafa ba fetogang ka teng mo teng le kafa ntle mo lefatsheng le le fetogang. Braun o tlhalosa botshelo jwa mo motseng oo mo ba fetogang ka iketlo mo maemong a bone a mo teng le maitemogelo a semoya. <ref>From Robert Medernach, "Zeitung vum Lëtzebueger Vollek" Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, 6 January 1999, ''Centre national de littérature''. Retrieved 13 February 2011.[http://www.cnl.public.lu/fonds_documentaire/recherche/inventaire/b/]</ref> == Ditiro == * Josée Klincker, Josy Braun: "billersproochbiller", Gedichter op lëtzebuergesch an däitsch, Editions Le Phare, Esch-sur-Alzette, 2010. 160 pp. <nowiki>ISBN 978-2-87964-119-5</nowiki> * Josy Braun, "Kréiwénkel", Echternach, Editions Phi, 1998. <nowiki>ISBN 3-88865-165-4</nowiki> * Josy Braun: "Porto fir d'Affekoten", Echternach, Editions Phi, 1997 == Metswedi == lagtq3wtw2e63g8bm2r752x6mebi0cq 0 10285 50529 39113 2026-06-12T23:41:54Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50529 wikitext text/x-wiki '''55 Tufton Street''' ke ntlo e e nang le matlhatlaganyane a le mane e e agilweng ka nako ya segosi ya kwa Georgia kwa historing ya Tufton {{Infobox building|name=55 Tufton Street|image=55 Tufton Street.jpeg|address=55 [[Tufton Street]], [[Westminster]], London SW1P 3QL|coordinates={{coord|51.4963|-0.1282|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}|owner=Richard Smith}} Street, kwa Westminster, London, e e leng ya rakgwebo Richard Smith. <ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-eurosceptics-climate-change-sceptics-55-tufton-street-westminster-a6866021.html "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders".] ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> Go tloga ka bo2010, kago e ne ya nna lefelo la mekgatlho ya go buelela kgololesego le ditlhopha tsa go akanya tse di amanang le go ema nokeng Brexit, go ganetsa saense ya tlelaemete le ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa go buelela mafura. <ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). [https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ "55 Tufton Street".] ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> Dingwe tsa mekgatlho e e nang le dikamano tse di gaufi le tse di kwa 57 Tufton Street e e bapileng le yone, go akaretsa le Centre for Policy Studies le CapX. <ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). [https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ "55 Tufton Street".] ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> Setlhopha sa mekgatlho e e rotloetsang batho e ne ya dirisa kago eo go tshwara dikopano tsa beke le beke go rulaganya melaetsa ya sepolotiki le ya setšhaba. <ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016)[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-eurosceptics-climate-change-sceptics-55-tufton-street-westminster-a6866021.html . "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders".] ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> <ref>Ramsay, Adam; Geoghegan, Peter (31 July 2018). [https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/brexitinc/peter-geoghegan-adam-ramsay/revealed-how-uk-s-powerful-right-wing-think-tanks-and-conse/ "Revealed: how the UK's powerful right-wing think tanks and Conservative MPs work together".] ''openDemocracy''. Retrieved 7 October 2018.</ref>Ditlhopha di le robongwe tsa lobby - TaxPayers' Alliance, ofisi ya Peter Whittle (motlatsa moeteledipele wa pele wa UKIP), Civitas, Setheo sa Adam Smith, Leave Means Leave, Global Warming Policy Foundation (setlhopha se segolo sa UK se se ganetsang phetogo ya tlelaemete), BrexitCentral, Setheo sa Dithuto tsa Pholisi le Setheo sa Merero ya Ikonomi - di ne tsa latofadiwa ke modiredi wa pele wa Vote Leave Shahmir Sanni go dirisa dikopano go " dumelana ka setlhopha se le sengwe sa dintlha tsa go bua tsa letlhakore la moja " le " go netefatsa go tlhagelela go feta mo setšhabeng".<ref>Farand, Chloe (23 June 2018)[https://www.desmog.co.uk/2018/07/23/mapped-whistleblower-accuses-nine-organisations-colluding-over-hard-brexit . "Mapped: Whistleblower Accuses Nine Organisations of Colluding over Hard Brexit"]. ''DeSmog UK''. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2019.</ref> Mokgatlho ono o ne o golagantswe le batlamedi ba bagolo ba madi ba kwa Amerika ba go ganetsa phetogo ya tlelaemete le mabaka a sepolotiki a letlhakore la moja go akaretsa le bakaulengwe ba ga Koch le Robert Mercer, le makoko a a nang le batho ba ba nang le ditshwanelo tse di kwa godimo kwa Yuropa, jaaka Sweden Democrats le Brothers of Italy.<ref>Ahmed, Nafeez (20 June 2019). [https://mondediplo.com/outsidein/brexit-climate-deniers "How US climate deniers are working with far-right racists to hijack Brexit for Big Oil"]. ''Le Monde diplomatique''. Paris.</ref><ref>Hope, Mat; Farand, Chloe (7 June 2019). [https://www.desmog.com/2019/06/07/desmog-s-pro-brexit-climate-science-denier-map-user-s-guide/ "DeSmog's Pro-Brexit Climate Science Denier Map — A User's Guide"]. ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 9 June 2023</ref> == Go nna mong == Kago e e mo diatleng tsa Richard Smith, rakgwebo yo o tsamaisang khampani ya difofane, H.R. Smith Group, le yo e leng motlhokomedi wa Politics and Economics Research Trust e e tlhomilweng ke Matthew Eliott. Ke monei yo mogolo wa Conservative Party le go ema Brexit nokeng. Kago e ne ya rekwa ka £4.25 million ka 2009 ke Specmat, khampani e e dirang thekenoloji e e leng ya ga Smith.<ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016)[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-eurosceptics-climate-change-sceptics-55-tufton-street-westminster-a6866021.html . "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders".] ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> <ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). [https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ "55 Tufton Street"]. ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> == Banni == '''Civitas''' Civitas ke setlhopha sa baithutatlhaloganyo se se itlhalosang jaaka "kgaolo ya segompieno ya kgololesego" le "se se sa tseyeng letlhakore". The Times le The Daily Telegraph ba e tlhalositse jaaka "think-tank ya kwa mojeng wa bogare". <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181116081639/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/gove-allies-say-sixties-mired-ofsted-should-be-scrapped-bw3zd80ncrc "Gove allies say 'Sixties-mired' Ofsted should be scrapped".] ''The Times''. London. 24 January 2014. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2014.</ref><ref>Johnston, Philip (7 April 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/10749930/A-close-encounter-with-the-property-boom.html "A close encounter with the property boom".] ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 13 April 2014.</ref>Modulasetilo wa yone ke Alan Rudge. Mosimolodi wa yone e bile e le modulasetulo wa setlhopha sa batlhokomedi, e bong David G. Green,<ref>[http://civitas.org.ukhttps//civitas.org.uk/about-us/ "About Us".] ''Civitas: Institute for the Study of Civil Society''. 24 November 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref> o kwala gangwe le gape mo The Daily Telegraph mme mothusa molaodi wa yona wa pele, Anastasia de Waal, o ne a nna a tsenya letsogo mo karolong ya "Comment is free" ya The Guardian go fitlha ka 2010<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/profile/anastasiadewaal "Anastasia de Waal".] ''The Guardian''.</ref><ref>[https://www.familylives.org.uk/about/our-president-and-trustees "Family Lives".] ''www.familylives.org.uk''. Retrieved 19 May 2024.</ref>The Times e tlhalositse Civitas jaaka mothusi wa Mokwaledi wa pele wa Thuto Michael Gove.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181116081639/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/gove-allies-say-sixties-mired-ofsted-should-be-scrapped-bw3zd80ncrc "Gove allies say 'Sixties-mired' Ofsted should be scrapped".] ''The Times''. London. 24 January 2014. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2014.</ref> E kgatlhanong le melawana e e leng tala, molao o o diretsweng go fokotsa phetogo ya tlelaemete, le go ikaega thata ka maatla a a ntshwafatswang.<ref>Mandel, Kyla (1 May 2017). "Brexit Climate Deniers Launch Coordinated Attack Against Green Regulations Ahead of Election". ''DeSmog UK''. Retrieved 29 July 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.desmog.co.uk/jeremy-nicholson "Jeremy Nicholson"]. ''DeSmog UK''. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2019.</ref>E ne ya tshwaiwa phoso ke Transparify ka ntlha ya ditiro tsa yone tsa "go sa bonale sentle".<ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). "55 Tufton Street". ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> '''European Foundation''' European Foundation ke lekgotla la go akanya le le sa dumeleng mo go tsa Yuropa le le kwa United Kingdom. E eteletswe pele ke Bill Cash, yo e leng leloko la Palamente ya Bokomonisi. Mokgatlho ono o gatisa makasine wa European Journal. E ne ya gakololwa ke Matthew Elliott.<ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021)[https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ . "55 Tufton Street".] ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref>Mongwe wa bakaedi ba yone ke Richard Smith, yo e leng mong wa 55 Tufton Street. Ka nako ya 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, e gatisitse pampiri e e nang le tlhotlheletso e e rotloetsang go belaela ka ga phetogo ya tlelaemete e e bakwang ke batho.<ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-eurosceptics-climate-change-sceptics-55-tufton-street-westminster-a6866021.html "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders".] ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> '''Global Vision''' Global Vision ke lekoko le le tsayang karolo mo go lwantsheng Yuropa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070722014320/http://global-vision.net/whoarewe.htm ""Who we are" page on the Global Vision website"]. Archived from the original on 22 July 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2007</ref> Ke setlhopha se se ikemetseng, se se sa direng poelo, se se senang dikamano tse di totobetseng le lekoko lepe la sepolotiki.<ref>[http://www.global-vision.net/ "Global Vision home page"]. Archived from the original on 22 July 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2007</ref> Setlhopha sa "Parliamentary Friends of Global Vision" se na le Maloko a Palamente a le 24, botlhe ke Ba-Conservatives, Maloko a Palamente ya Yuropa a le mabedi, boobabedi ke Ba-Conservatives, le balekane ba ba emetseng ba le 17, ba lesome ba bone ke Ba-Conservative, ba le barataro ke ba-cross-benchers, mme a le mongwe ke Modiri yo o ikemetseng. Mosimolodi le mokaedi wa yone ke Ruth Lea. <ref>""Parliamentary Friends" page on the Global Vision website". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2007.</ref> '''Global Warming Policy Foundation''' Global Warming Policy Foundation ke lekoko le le rotloetsang batho go nna le seabe mo mererong ya lefatshe lotlhe kwa United Kingdom le maikaelelo a lone e leng go gwetlha <ref>[http://www.global-vision.net/ "Global Vision home page]". Archived from the original on 22 July 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2007.</ref>"dithulaganyo tse di kotsi le tse di senyang" tse di akantsweng ke dipuso go fokotsa go gotela ga lefatshe go go bakiwang ke batho. Mosimolodi wa yone ke Nigel Lawson mme modulasetilo wa yone ke Alan Rudge. GWPF mmogo le maloko mangwe a yone a a itsegeng a ile a tlhalosiwa jaaka a a rotloetsang go ganetsa phetogo ya tlelaemete. <ref>Johnston, Ian (11 May 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140511082724/http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/nigel-lawsons-climatechange-denial-charity-intimidated-environmental-expert-9350069.html "Nigel Lawson's climate-change denial charity 'intimidated' environmental expert".] ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 May 2014.</ref> <ref>Wherry, Frederick F.; Schor, Juliet B. (2015). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of Economics and Society''. Sage Publications. p. 1020. ISBN <bdi>978-1-5063-4617-5</bdi>. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2020</ref>Ka 2014, fa Khomišene ya Bontshakuno e ne ya atlhola gore GWPF e tlotse melao ya go se tseye letlhakore, mokgatlho o o sa direng bontshakuno o o bidiwang "Global Warming Policy Forum" o ne wa tlhamiwa jaaka setlamo se se leng ka botlalo, go dira bontshakuno jo bontshakuno bo neng bo sa kgone go bo dira. Webosaete ya GWPF e na le ditlhogo di le dintsi tse di "sa dumeleng" mo dipatlisisong tsa saense tsa go gotela ga lefatshe le ditlamorago tsa teng '''LGB Alliance''' ke setlhopha sa kwa Boritane se se ikemetseng se se tlhomilweng ka 2019, se se ganetsanang le dipholisi tsa mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa LGBT Stonewall mo mererong ya batho ba bong bo sele.<ref>Hurst, Greg (24 October 2019). [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/transgender-dispute-splits-stonewall-535v3qnb0 "Transgender dispute splits Stonewall"]. ''The Times''. London. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2021.</ref> E ne e na le ofisi kwa Lontone kwa 55 Tufton Street.<ref>[https://lgballiance.org.uk/contact/ "Organisation website".] ''LGB Alliance''. 6 April 2020.</ref><ref>Chuddy, Emily (19 December 2022)[https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/12/19/lgb-alliance-address-55-tufton-street/ . "LGB Alliance's London address leaked as 55 Tufton Street, home of notorious right-wing groups".] ''PinkNews''.</ref> '''Migration Watch UK''' ke lekgotla la go akanya la kwa Boritane <ref>Reland, Joël (16 August 2019). "How many refugees does the UK take in?". Full Fact. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref> <ref>"Reality Check: Could 250,000 refugees come to the UK from 2020?". ''BBC News''. 3 June 2016. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref><ref>Malnick, Edward (11 March 2018)[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/03/11/migrants-claim-4bn-year-benefits-new-report-claims/ . "Migrants claim £4bn a year in benefits, new report claims".] ''The Daily Telegraph''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref><ref>Wintour, Patrick; Mason, Rowena (21 October 2014). [["David Cameron 'Ukip desperation' over MigrationWhttps://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/oct/21/david-cameron-ukip-desperation-migrationwatch-uk-founder-peerageatch UK founder's peerage".|"David Cameron 'Ukip desperation' over MigrationWatch UK founder's peerage".]] ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref>le mokgatlho wa phasalatso <ref>Swinford, Steven (22 January 2020). [https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/boris-johnson-lifts-30k-wage-barrier-on-immigrants-ghzvkx68r "Boris Johnson lifts £30k wage barrier on immigrants]". ''The Times''. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref><ref>Hymas, Charles (28 January 2020)[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2020/01/28/boris-johnson-should-reduce-salary-threshold-25600-migrants/ . "Ousted adviser dismissed Australian points-based immigration as 'soundbite'"]. ''The Daily Telegraph''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-49644990 "News Daily: Student visa rules change and Labour on Brexit".] ''BBC News''. 11 September 2019. Archived from the original on 13 October 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref><ref>Worrall, Patrick (27 May 2016)[https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck/factcheck-eu-immigration . "FactCheck: everything you need to know about EU immigration".] ''Channel 4 News''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref> <ref>Smith, Hayden (13 February 2019). [https://www.independent.ie/business/brexit/migration-into-uk-could-rise-after-brexit-new-report-37811073.html "Migration into UK could rise after Brexit - new report"]. ''Irish Independent''. Dublin. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref>o o buelelang go fokotsega ga bofaladi mo United Kingdom. <ref>Milliken, David (24 May 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-eu-immigration-idUSKCN1SU0S1 "UK immigration falls to five-year low as influx of EU workers slows" –] via uk.reuters.com.</ref><ref>Ford, Richard (28 January 2020)[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/johnsons-points-based-immigration-pledge-dismissed-as-soundbite-by-government-advisory-committee-mcxsm9cmh . "Johnson's points-based immigration pledge dismissed as 'soundbite'".] ''The Times''. London. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref><ref>"Immigration to Britain hits five-year low ahead of Brexit". ''Al Jazeera''. 22 August 2019. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2020.</ref>Setlhopha se se tlhomilweng ka 2001, se dumela gore khudugo ya boditšhabatšhaba e baya tlhokego e e feteletseng mo metsweding e e lekanyeditsweng le gore selekanyo sa jaanong sa khudugo ga se a tsweletswa.<ref>Ford, Richard (23 August 2018)[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/migration-linked-to-82-of-growth-in-the-population-t8tr99f6v . "Migration linked to 82% of growth in the population".] ''The Times''. London. Retrieved 14 January 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-51278298 "Migrant salary threshold fall 'would boost public sector'"]. ''BBC News''. 28 January 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020</ref> '''New Culture Forum''' New Culture Forum (NCF) ke lekgotla la go akanya la letsogo la moja, le le tlhomilweng le go kaelwa ke leloko la Kopano ya UKIP Peter Whittle, a gakololwa ke Matthew Elliott, <ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). [https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ "55 Tufton Street"]. ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021</ref>yo thomo ya gagwe e tlhalosiwang jaaka "go gwetlha ditlwaelo tsa setso tse di leng teng mo metsweding ya dikgang, mo thutong, mo thutong le mo setsong sa Boritane ka tsela e e anameng". Dibui kwa ditiragalong tsa NCF, go akaretsa le mo puong ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Smith Lecture, di akareditse Martin Amis, Dame Vivien Westwood, MPs Jeremy Hunt, Michael Gove le Ed Vaizey, Nigel Farage, Justin Webb, Sir Anthony Seldon, Petroc Trelawny, Melanie Phillips, le Brendan O'Neill. Bakwadi ba New Culture Forum ba akareditse Douglas Murray, Julie Bindel le Ed West.<ref>[https://www.newcultureforum.org.uk/ "New Culture Forum"]. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> TaxPayers' Alliance (TPA) ke lekoko la kgatelelo le le kwa letlhakoreng la moja kwa United Kingdom le le tlhomilweng ke Matthew Elliott<ref>Cadwalladr, Carole (21 July 2018[https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jul/21/shahmir-sanni-nobody-was-called-to-account-but-i-lost-almost-everything ). "Shahmir Sanni: 'Nobody was called to account. But I lost almost everything']". ''The Observer''. London. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> ka 2004 go dira letsholo la setšhaba se se duelang lekgetho le le kwa tlase. Setlhopha seno se ne se na le balatedi ba ba kwadisitsweng ba ka nna 18 000 go tloga ka 2008;<ref>Wheeler, Brian (3 March 2008). "The campaign group: Taxpayers' Alliance". BBC Online. [https://archive.today/20181207181756/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/7241315.stm Archived] from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</ref>se begile gore go na le balatedi ba le 55 000 ka Lwetse 2010.<ref>Booth, Robert (9 September 2010)[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/sep/09/tea-party-britain-us-tax . "A very British Tea Party: US anti-tax activists advise UK counterparts".] ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 31 August 2022.</ref> Ka 2017 le 2022, bobedi TPA le Civitas ba ne ba fiwa maemo a a kwa tlase go gaisa a a kgonegang a go nna mo pepeneneng ka tsa ditšhelete ke Who Funds You?, porojeke ya kwa Boritane e e lekanyetsang le go rotloetsa pepeneneng ya metswedi ya matlole ya dibanka tse di akanyang. <ref>Moshinsky, Ben (4 July 2017)[[. "RANKED: The UK's think tanks, from most to least transparent". Business Insider|. "RANKED: The UK's think tanks, from most to least transparent". ''Business Insider'']]. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> <ref>Mureithi, Anita (17 November 2022). [https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/dark-money-investigations/think-tanks-transparency-funding-who-funds-you/ "Revealed: UK's most secretive think tanks bank £14.3m in mystery cash]". ''openDemocracy''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/who-funds-you/ "Who Funds You?"]. ''openDemocracy''. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 3 February 2023.</ref>TPA e na le dikgolagano tse di gaufi le go kopana ga badiri le ditanka tse dingwe tsa go akanya tsa Eurosceptic tse di nang le 55 Tufton Street.<ref>Ramsay, Adam; Geoghegan, Peter (31 July 2018)[https://www.opendemocracy.net/uk/brexitinc/peter-geoghegan-adam-ramsay/revealed-how-uk-s-powerful-right-wing-think-tanks-and-conse/ . "Revealed: how the UK's powerful right-wing think tanks and Conservative MPs work together".] ''openDemocracy''. Retrieved 7 October 2018</ref><ref>Cadwalladr, Carole (21 July 2018). [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jul/21/shahmir-sanni-nobody-was-called-to-account-but-i-lost-almost-everything "Shahmir Sanni: 'Nobody was called to account. But I lost almost everything']". ''The Observer''. London. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> == Banni ba pele == '''Big Brother Watch''' ke mokgatlho o o lwelang ditshwanelo tsa botho le go sireletsa tshedimosetso ya botho, o o tlhomilweng ke Matthew Elliot ka 2009. Aterese ya khamphane e e kwadisitsweng e ne e le 55 Tufton Street go fitlha ka Motsheganong 2019<ref>[https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/06982557 "BIG BROTHER WATCH LIMITED".] ''find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2023.</ref>.<ref>Cunliffe, Rachel (19 April 2021). [https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/2021/04/big-brother-watch-s-silkie-carlo-rule-law-has-broken-down "Big Brother Watch's Silkie Carlo: "The rule of law has broken down"". ''New Statesman'']. London. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 24 January 2023</ref> '''Dikgwebo tsa Britain''' e ne e le lekoko le le neng le le kgatlhanong le Yuropa le le neng le batla gore go buisanwe gape ka dikamano magareng ga United Kingdom le European Union. Letsholo leno le ne la tlhomiwa ka Moranang 2013 ke baeteledipele ba dikgwebo ba le 500, go akaretsa Matthew Elliott, Phones 4u co-founder John Caudwell le Modulasetulo wa pele wa Marks & Spencer Stuart Rose.<ref>Ben Marlow (8 November 2014). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/11218833/Business-leaders-demand-cross-party-pledge-on-EU-vote.html "Business leaders demand cross-party pledge on EU vote". ''The Daily Telegraph''.] London. Archived from the original on 15 May 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2020</ref> Setlhopha se se gatisitse patlisiso e e sa sekasekiwang le e e tsietsang mo rekotong ya go bouta ya United Kingdom mo Palamenteng ya Yuropa ka 2014, e e bidiwang Go lekanya tlhotlheletso ya Borithane mo Khanseleng ya Ditona.<ref>O'Leary, Joseph (22 June 2016). "How often does the EU overrule British ministers?". ''fullfact.org''. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2016.</ref> Ka Diphalane 2015, Business for Britain Board e ne ya swetsa go tshegetsa Vote Leave Campaign<ref>^{"Business for Britain's Support For Vote Leave". ''Business for Britain''. Retrieved 21 December 2015.}</ref>(go fitlha ka 7 Diphalane 2015).<ref>[https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/08411261/filing-history "BUSINESS FOR BRITAIN LIMITED – Filing history (free information from Companies House)".] ''beta.companieshouse.gov.uk''. Archived from the original on 26 September 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2018.</ref>E ne ya tswalwa ka Lwetse 2016. == Go jesa Britain == ke mokgatlho o o tlhomilweng ka Diphalane 2015 go diragatsa dikatlanegiso tse di dirilweng ke All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) ka ga Tlala le Khumanego ya Dijo. <ref>[https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/EPoverty/UnitedKingdom/2018/NGOS/FeedingBritain.pdf "Letter from Feeding Britain"] (PDF). ''ohchr.org''. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024</ref>Setlhopha ga se sa tlhole se kwadisitswe kwa 55 Tufton Street.<ref>[https://feedingbritain.org/about-us/ "Feeding Britain: About Us".] ''Feeding Britain''. 3 March 2022. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024</ref> == Leave Means Leave == Means Leave e ne e le pro-Brexit,<ref>Smith, Adam (26 November 2017)[http://metro.co.uk/2017/11/26/iain-duncan-smith-backs-report-calling-for-drastic-reduction-in-immigration-7108943/ . "Iain Duncan Smith backs report calling for 'drastic reduction' in immigration".] ''Metro''. Archived from the original on 4 September 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> Eurosceptic political pressure group organization e e neng e dira letsholo le go rotloetsa<ref>"Ireland seeks momentum on border ahead of key Brexit meeting". Associated Press. 3 December 2017. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.</ref> gore United Kingdom e tswe mo European Union morago ga "Leave" ka ntlha ya referandamo ya EU ka 23 Seetebosigo 2016. Letsholo leno le ne le eteletswe pele ke rakgwebo wa kwa Boritane wa tsa dikago e bong Richard Tice le mogakolodi wa tsa kgwebo e bong John Longworth. Motlatsamodulasetilo e ne e le moeteledipele wa Brexit Party, Nigel Farage. E ne ya emisa go dira ka 31 Ferikgong 2020, fa UK e ne e tlogela EU; webosaete ya yone e ne ya bolela gore e " fitlheletse maikaelelo a yone". <ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). "55 Tufton Street". ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> == UK2020 == ke moagi wa maloba wa moago oo, mokgatlho o o ikemetseng ka fa letlhakoreng la moja o o tlhomilweng ke Owen Paterson ka 2014 mme o tshwantshanngwa le mokgatlho wa US wa Tea Party. E ne ya re go tshwanetse ga nna le "mokgwa o o nonofileng wa go dirisa maatla o o tla rotloetsang mmaraka gore o dirise thekenoloji e e sa jeng madi a mantsi go fokotsa digase tse di kgotlelang", tse di jaaka gase ya shale le didirisiwa tse dinnye tsa nuklea. Gape e ne ya dira letsholo kgatlhanong le melao e e amanang le go fetoga ga tlelaemete le dithuso mo lephateng la maatla. Matt Ridley wa GWPF e ne e le mogakolodi wa pholisi mme Tim Montgomerie e ne e le mogakolodi wa sepolotiki.<ref>Mandel, Kyla (21 July 2021). [https://www.desmog.com/55-tufton-street/ "55 Tufton Street".] ''DeSmog''. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</ref> == Vote Leave == Vote Leave e ne e le lekoko la semmuso le le neng le le kgatlhanong le Brexit ka nako ya Referendum ya 2016, le le neng le le kwa 55 Tufton Street pele ga le fudugela kwa dikagong tse dikgolo. Maloko a ne a akaretsa modulasetilo wa yone e bong Nigel Lawson, motsamaisimogolo wa yone e bong Matthew Elliott, Graham Stringer, Andrea Leadsom, Boris Johnson le Michael Gove. <ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders". ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> Ka 2016, Bob Ward, motsamaisi wa leano kwa London School of Economics' Grantham Institute, o ne a bolelela The Independent jaana: "Setlhopha seno se se tlhagafetseng sa batho ba ba ratang dikgopolo tse di sa siamang se leka go tsenya dikgopolo tsa sone tse di feteletseng mo dipolotiking tsa puso. Go mo pepeneneng gore ba itumelela go tsena mo dikarolong dingwe tsa puso mme, fa go akanngwa ka bogolo jwa bone jo bonnye, ba na le seabe se se sa lekalekaneng ... [se] se koafatsang thulaganyo ya temokerasi.<ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders". ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> Ka 2018, Carole Cadwalladr wa The Observer o tlhalositse 55 Tufton Street jaaka lefelo la "network ya mekgatlho e e sa bonaleng sentle e e nang le madi e e ikaegileng ka Matthew Eliott", mme a nopola modiri wa pele wa mekgatlho eno yo o neng a ba tlhalosa jaaka ba ba latelelang "dikgoro tse di farologaneng tsa maikaelelo a a tshwanang a sepolotiki. Nngwe ya tsone ke go tswa ga UK mo EU".The Independent e e tlhalositse e le "lefelo la go belaela Yuropa le phetogo ya tlelaemete, mo maina a a tshwanang a tswelelang go tlhagelela", mme a bitsa radipolotiki wa Conservative Party Nigel Lawson jaaka motho wa botlhokwa. <ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders". ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> == Ditshupetso == Ka Lwetse 2020, setlhopha sa Extinction Rebellion sa Writers Rebel se ne sa dira ditshupetso kwa ntle ga kago go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le tlhotlheletso e ditlhopha tsa lobby le di-think tank di nang le yone mo pholising ya puso. Mogale wa go lwela tikologo George Monbiot o ne a bitsa ditheo tsa Tufton tsa go akanya ka maano a tsona a go gana le go tlhakanya tlhogo ka saense ya tlelaemete e e emeng fa pele ga 55 Tufton Street 'pelo ya bone ya lefifi'. Morago ga go wela tlase ga mebaraka ya madi morago ga maano a ikonomi a a begilweng ke Tonakgolo Liz Truss ka Lwetse 2022, setlhopha sa phutuho ya sepolotiki Led By Donkeys se ne sa baya letlapa le legolo le le pududu kwa 55 Tufton Street, le le reng "Ikonomi ya UK e ne ya phutlhama fa". Mo bidiong ya bone ba ne ba re ditheo tse di akanyang tse di leng fano ke tsone tse di dirileng gore go nne le dipholisi tse di paletsweng.<ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders". ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ka ngwaga wa 2022, bathekgi ba Just Stop Oil ba ne ba kgatsha pente kwa pele ga kago go ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le ditiro tsa setlhopha se se ganetsang phetogo ya tlelaemete sa Global Warming Policy Foundation le ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa mafatshe tse di ikaegileng mo kagong.<ref>Bawden, Tom (10 February 2016). "The address where Eurosceptics and climate change sceptics rub shoulders". ''The Independent''. London. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> == Metswedi == d14zaj0kxcyt9mg720dgywjefthic3u 0 10777 50530 43011 2026-06-12T23:56:00Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Ethnic group|native_name=''Afromexicanos ([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''|image=Distribution_of_afro_descendant_people_in_Mexico,_2020.svg|image_caption=Percentage of total and partial Afro-Mexicans in each municipality (2020 census)|population='''Sub-Saharan ancestry predominates'''<br>'''2,576,213''' ([[National Institute of Statistics and Geography|2020 census]])<ref name="ReferenceD">{{cite web|url=https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/productos/prod_serv/contenidos/espanol/bvinegi/productos/nueva_estruc/702825198060.pdf|language=es|title=Principales resultados del Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020|website=inegi.org.mx|access-date=3 March 2024|archive-date=April 20, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420074127/https://www.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/productos/prod_serv/contenidos/espanol/bvinegi/productos/nueva_estruc/702825198060.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>2.04% of the Mexican population|popplace=[[Costa Chica of Guerrero|Guerrero]], [[Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán|Lázaro Cárdenas]], [[Huetamo]], [[Costa Region|Oaxaca]], [[Veracruz]], [[Greater Mexico City]], [[Guadalajara]] and [[Múzquiz Municipality]]|languages={{hlist|[[Mexican Spanish]]|[[Languages_of_Mexico#Indigenous_languages|Amerindian languages]]}}|religions=[[Christianity]] ([[Catholicism]], [[Protestantism]]), [[Afro-American religions]]|related_groups=[[African Americans]], [[West Africa]]ns, [[Afro–Latin Americans]], [[Blaxican]]s, [[Haitian Mexicans]], and other [[Mexicans]]}} '''Afro-Mexicans''' (Spanish: ''Afromexicanos''), ba ba itsegeng gape jaaka Ba-Mexico ba Bantsho (Spanish: ''Mexicanos negros''),<ref name=":0">Archibold, Randal C. (2014-10-25). [https://nytimes.com/2014/10/26/world/americas/negro-prieto-moreno-a-question-of-identity-for-black-mexicans.html?referrer=&_r=0 "Negro? Prieto? Moreno? A Question of Identity for Black Mexicans"]. ''New York Times''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ka 2025.</ref> ke Ba-Mexico ba letso lotlhe kgotsa bontsi jwa lone la Aforika yo o kwa Borwa jwa Sahara.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211019061948/http://cnnmexico.com/nacional/2014/07/25/afromexicanos-un-rostro-olvidado-que-quiere-ser-reconocido "Afromexicanos, un rostro olvidado de México que pide ser reconocido"]. CNN México. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Jaaka palo e le nngwe, Afro-Mexicans ba akaretsa batho ba ba tswang mo Maaforikeng a a gololesegileng le a a dirilweng makgoba a a gorogileng kwa Mexico ka nako ya bokolone,<ref name=":2" /> mmogo le bafaladi ba morago ga boipuso. Batho ba ba akaretsa batho ba ba tswang mo losikeng lwa Aforika go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a mabapi a a buang Seesemane, Sefora le Spanish tsa Caribbean le Amerika Bogare, ditlogolwana tsa Maaforika a a dirilweng makgoba kwa Mexico<ref>[https://www.neh.gov/humanities/2013/marchapril/statement/south-freedom "South to Freedom"]. ''The National Endowment for the Humanities''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> le ba ba tswang kwa Borwa jo bo kwa teng ka nako ya Bokgoba kwa United States, le ka selekanyo se sennye bafaladi ba bosheng ba ba tswang kwa Aforika ka tlhamalalo. Gompieno, go na le merafe ya selegae kwa Mexico e e nang le letso le le botlhokwa le fa e se le legolo la Aforika. Tseno di dintsi thata mo mafelong a a rileng, go akaretsa le batho ba ba nnang kwa dikgaolong tsa Oaxaca, Michoacán, Guerrero le Veracruz. Mo lekgolong lotlhe la dingwaga morago ga gore Spain e fenye Mmusomogolo wa Ba-Aztec ka 1519, go ne ga tlisiwa palo e e bonalang ya makgoba a Baaforika kwa Veracruz. Go ya ka buka ya ga Philip D. Curtin ya ''The Atlantic Slave Trade:'' ''A Census'', go fopholediwa gore Maaforika a a neng a dirilwe makgoba a ka nna dikete tse makgolo a mabedi a ne a gapiwa ka dikgoka mme a tlisiwa kwa New Spain, e moragonyana e neng ya nna Mexico ya segompieno.<ref>Sluyter, Andrew (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=fjt50jcGNu4C&q=200000+slaves+New+Spain&pg=PA240 Black Ranching Frontiers: African Cattle Herders of the Atlantic World, 1500-1900]''. Yale University Press. p. 240. ISBN 9780300179927. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> Go tlhamiwa ga boitshupo jwa bosetshaba jwa Mexico, segolobogolo morago ga Phetogo ya Mexico, go ne ga gatelela boswa jwa batho ba tlholego ba Amerindians ba Mexico le boswa jwa Yuropa jwa Spain, go sa akarediwe ditso tsa Aforika le meneelo go tswa mo tlhaloganyong ya bosetshaba ya Mexico. Le fa Mexico e ne e na le palo e e bonalang ya Maaforika a a neng a dirilwe makgoba ka nako ya bokolone, bontsi jwa batho ba ba tswang mo Aforika ba ne ba tsenelela mo bathong ba Mestizo (Bayuropa/Amerindia ba ba tlhakaneng), Mulatto (Bayuropa/Aforika ba ba tlhakaneng), le Batho ba Tlhago ka go kopana ga ditlhopha tse. Mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bomasome mabedi la dingwaga, bakanoki ba Mexico ba ne ba buelela gore Bantsho ba bonale. E ne e le ka 1992 fa puso ya Mexico e ne e amogela semmuso setso sa Aforika jaaka sengwe sa ditlhotlheletso tse tharo tse dikgolo mo setsong sa Mexico, tse dingwe e le tsa Spanish le batho ba tlhago.<ref>[https://newafricanmagazine.com/news-analysis/history/africas-lost-tribe-in-mexico/ "Africa's Lost Tribe In Mexico"]. ''New African''. January 10, 2012. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> Boswa jwa tshika jwa palo e e kileng ya bo e le botlhokwa ya Mexico ya Maaforika a a neng a le makgoba a motlha wa bokolone bo supiwa mo bathong ba ba seng Bantsho ba Mexico jaaka selekanyo se sennye sa DNA ya Aforika yo o kwa borwa jwa Sahara e e fitlhelwang mo Momexico yo o tlwaelegileng. Mo palong ya batho ya 2015, 64.9% (896,829) ya Afro-Mexicans le bone ba ne ba itshupa e le Ba-Mexico ba tlhago ba Amerindian. Gape go ne ga begwa gore 9.3% ya Afro-Mexicans ba bua puo ya tlholego ya Mexico.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151210230740/http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/encuestas/hogares/especiales/ei2015/doc/eic_2015_presentacion.pdf "Página no encontrada"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/proyectos/encuestas/hogares/especiales/ei2015/doc/eic_2015_presentacion.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2015-12-10.</ref> Mo e ka nnang 2.4-3% ya baagi ba Mexico e na le letso le legolo thata la Aforika, ka didikadike di le pedi le sephatlo tse di ikamogetseng ka nako ya Tekanyetso ya 2020 ya Palobatho ya Magareng. Le fa go ntse jalo, metswedi mengwe e baya palo ya semmuso mo go bokana ka 5% ya palogotlhe ya baagi. Le fa metswedi e mengwe e kaya gore ka ntlha ya go phimolwa ga batho ba Bantsho mo setshabeng sa Mexico, le tshekamelo ya batho ba Afro Mexico go ikamanya le merafe e mengwe kwa ntle ga Afro Mexico, phesente ya Afro-Mexicans e ka tswa e le kwa godimo thata go feta se palo ya semmuso e se buang. Mo lekgolong la bomasome mabedi le motso la dingwaga, batho bangwe ba ba itlhaolang jaaka Afro-Mexicans ke bana le ditlogolwana tsa bafaladi ba Bantsho ba ba tlholegileng go tswa kwa Aforika le kwa Caribbean.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120722024611/http://www.equidad.scjn.gob.mx/IMG/pdf/documento_informativo_sobre_la_discriminacion_racial_en_mexico.pdf "Documento Informativo sobre Discriminación Racial en México"] (PDF). [[:en:CONAPRED|CONAPRED]]. Archived from [http://www.equidad.scjn.gob.mx/IMG/pdf/documento_informativo_sobre_la_discriminacion_racial_en_mexico.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2012-07-22. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> Tekanyetso ya dipalobatho tsa 2015 e ne e le lekgetlho la ntlha le mo go lone Afro-Mexicans ba neng ba ka itshupa jalo mme e ne e le maiteko a ntlha a go akaretsa boitshupo pele ga palobatho ya 2020 e jaanong e bontshang gore palo ya batho ba lefatshe ke 2.04%. Potso e e neng ya bodiwa mo patlisisong e ne e le "Go ikaegilwe ka setso sa gago, ditso, le dingwao, a o itsaya o le Montsho, go kaya gore o le Afro-Mexican kgotsa o le wa setlogolwana sa Aforika?"<ref>De Castro, Rafa Fernandez (December 15, 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201105224055/https://fusion.tv/story/245192/mexico-discovers-1-4-million-black-mexicans-they-just-had-to-ask/ "Mexico 'discovers' 1.4 million black Mexicans—they just had to ask"]. ''Fusion''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> mme e ne ya tla morago ga dingongorego tse di farologaneng tse di dirilweng ke ditlhopha tsa ditshwanelo tsa baagi le badiredipuso. Bangwe ba balwela-kgololesego ba bone, jaaka Benigno Gallardo, ba akanya fa baagi ba bone ba tlhoka "temogelo le pharologano", ka se a se bitsang "setso se se tlwaelesegileng sa Mexico". == Ditso == [[Setshwantsho:Esclavos desembarcados en México por país de 1450 a 1866.jpg|center|thumb|470x470px|Makgoba a ne a goroga kwa Mexico ka folaga ya sekepe go tloga ka 1450 go ya go 1866]] Maaforika a a neng a dirilwe makgoba a ne a tlisiwa kwa Mexico segolobogolo ke bagwebi ba makgoba ba Mapotokisi le Borithane. [[Setshwantsho:EstatuaYanga.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Sefikantswe sa ga Gaspar Yanga, mothei wa toropo ya ntlha e e gololesegileng ya makgoba a a tshabileng kwa Amerika Bokone. Gone jaanong bonno jo bo itsege e le Yanga, kwa Veracruz.]] Afro-Mexicans ba ne ba dira ditiro tse di farologaneng tsa itsholelo e le makgoba le e le batho ba ba gololesegileng. Mexico ga e ise e ko e nne setshaba se se theilweng mo bokgobeng, jaaka go ne ga direga kwa dikoloning tse di kwa borwa tsa Anglo-American kana kwa ditlhaketlhakeng tsa Caribbean, koo masimo a neng a dirisa makgoba a mantsi a masimo gone. Fa Mexico e ne e fenngwa, bogare jwa Mexico bo ne bo na le batho ba le bantsi ba Baindia ba ba rulagantsweng ka tatelano ba ba neng ba dira tiro e e patelediwang thata. Itsholelo ya Mexico e ne e dirisa tiro ya makgoba ya Aforika ka nako ya bokolone, segolobogolo kwa ditoropong tsa Spain e le badiri ba mo gae, bataki le badiri mo madirelong a go dira matsela ''(obrajes)''. Le fa Mexico e ketekile medi ya yona e e tlhakaneng ya tlholego le ya Yuropa mestizaje, go nna teng ga Maaforika le meneelo go fitlha bosheng e ne e se karolo ya puo ya bosetshaba. Ka go oketsega, rekote ya ditso e ile ya tlhabololwa go tsaya tsia go nna teng ga batho ba Afro-Mexicans ka lobaka lo loleele kwa Mexico. === Tshimologo ya bonno le kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic === [[Setshwantsho:Vista San Juan de Ulúa 02.JPG|thumb|Dikarolo tsa lefelo la phemelo kwa [[San Juan de Ulúa]] di ne tsa agiwa ke batho ba Aforika Bophirima ba ba neng ba dirilwe makgoba le batho ba tlhago ba Mexico. Ka 2017, kago ya phemelo le toropo ya Yanga di ne tsa itsisiwe jaaka "Mafelo a Kgopolo" ke [[INAH]] le [[UNESCO]] jaaka karolo ya [[Porojeke ya Tsela ya Makgoba]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220315235356/https://www.inah.gob.mx/boletines/6762-el-fuerte-de-san-juan-de-ulua-y-yanga-en-veracruz-son-declarados-sitios-de-memoria-de-la-esclavitud "El Fuerte de San Juan de Ulúa y Yanga, en Veracruz, son declarados Sitios de Memoria de la Esclavitud"]. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Hostoria. 7 December 2017. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le botlhano ka 2025.</ref>]] Le fa babusiwa ba Spain ba ne ba sa letlelelwe go nna le seabe mo [[Kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic|kgwebong ya makgoba ya Atlantic]], ''asiento de negros'' (konteraka ya monopoly e e neng ya ntshiwa ke Kgosi ya Spain go merafe e mengwe ya Yuropa go tlamela ka Maaforika a a dirilweng makgoba kwa dikoloning tsa Spain kwa Amerika) e ne ya netefatsa go nna teng ga Bantsho mo go botlhokwa kwa Amerika ya Spain,go akaretsa le Mexico. Bontsi jo bogolo bo ne bo simolotse mo Aforika, ga se makgoba otlhe a a neng a tsaya loeto ka tlhamalalo go ya kwa New Spain, bangwe ba ne ba tswa kwa mafelong a mangwe a Spain, segolobogolo kwa Caribbean. Nueva España kgotsa New Spain e ga jaana e leng Mexico, go ne go na le makgoba a a neng a tsamaisiwa ka dikepe go tloga ka 1521 go ya go 1810. Ba ba tswang Aforika e ne e le ba ditlhopha tse di tswang kwa Bophirima jwa Sudan, Congo le morafe wa Bantu. Tshimologo ya makgoba e itsiwe ka ditokomane tse di farologaneng jaaka dikwalololo tsa thekiso. Kwa tshimologong makgoba a ne a tswa kwa Cape Verde le Guinea.[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|^{[go tlhokega nopolo]}]] Moragonyana makgoba le one a ne a tsewa kwa Angola.<ref name=":1">Tatiana Mendez, 2009, Escuela de Trabajo Social UNAM.^{[''page needed''][''full citation needed'']}</ref> Go dira tshwetso ya bong jwa makgoba a a neng a tla romelwa kwa Lefatsheng le Lesha, go ne ga dirwa dipalo tse di neng di akaretsa go dira sentle mo mmeleng le go tsala. Kwa tshimologong, sephatlo sa makgoba a a neng a tswa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe e ne e le basadi mme sephatlo se sengwe e le banna. Le fa go ntse jalo, moragonyana go ne ga lemogiwa gore banna ba ka bereka nako e telele ba sa lape le gore ba ne ba ntsha dipholo tse di tshwanang mo kgweding yotlhe, fa basadi bone ba ne ba tshwarwa ke ditlhabi le malwetse bonolo.<ref name=":1" /> Moragonyana, ke bongwe mo borarong fela jwa makgoba otlhe jo e neng e le basadi. Go tswa mo lefatsheng la Aforika go ne ga tsewa makgoba a letlalo le lentsho; "bantsho ba ntlha ba nnete ba ne ba ntshiwa mo Arguin."[[:en:Wikipedia:Inline_citation#When_you_must_use_inline_citations|^{[Nopolo eno e tlhoka go nopolwa]}]] Moragonyana mo lekgolong la dingwaga la bolesome le borataro, makgoba a Bantsho a ne a tswa kwa Bran, biafadas le Gelofe (kwa Cape Verde). Makgoba a batho ba batsho a ne a arogatswe ka mefuta e le mmalwa, go tswa fela ka setlhopha sa bona sa morafe le kwa ba tlholegang teng, mme segolobogolo ba ne ba farologannwa ka dipharologanyo tsa mebele. Go ne go na le ditlhopha tse pedi tse dikgolo. Sa ntlha, se se bidiwang Retintos, se gape se bidiwang swarthy, se ne se tswa kwa Sudan le kwa Letshitshing la Guinea. Mofuta wa bobedi e ne e le amulatados kgotsa amembrillados ba mmala o o botlhofo wa letlalo, fa ba bapisiwa le Bantsho ba bangwe mme ba ne ba farologanngwa ka mebala ya letlalo la bone le le serolwana.<ref>Aguirre Beltrán, 1989 p.166^{[[:en:Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include|[''full citation needed''<nowiki>]</nowiki>]]}</ref> Tlhokeho ya makgoba e tlile nakong ya pele ga bokolone, segolobogolo fa gare ga 1580 le 1640, fa palo ya batho tlhago e neng e fokotsega ka ntata ya malwetsi a masha a a tshelanwang.<ref>Frank T. Proctor III. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181221041648/https://history.uwo.ca/undergradstudy/1701E-001/Proctor%20-%20Afro-Mexican%20Slave%20Labor.pdf Afro-Mexican Slave Labor in the Obrajes de Paños of New Spain, Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries] (PDF) (Report). University of Western Ontario. Archived from [http://history.uwo.ca/undergradstudy/1701E-001/Proctor%20-%20Afro-Mexican%20Slave%20Labor.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 21, 2018. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le boraro ka 2025.</ref> Carlos V o ne a simolola go ntsha palo e e golang ya dikonteraka (''asientos'') fa gare ga Kgosi ya Spain le batshwari ba makgoba ba ba ikemetseng ka tlhamalalo go tlisa Maaforika kwa dikoloning tsa Spain. Batshwari bao ba ne ba dira ditumalano le Mapotokisi, a a neng a laola mmaraka wa makgoba wa Aforika.<ref>Vaughn, Bobby (14 June 2020). [https://www.mexconnect.com/articles/1934-blacks-in-mexico-a-brief-overview/ "Blacks In Mexico - A Brief Overview"]. ''MexConnect''.</ref> Mexico e ne e na le maemelodikepe a a botlhokwa a makgoba mo Lefatsheng le lesha, ka dinako tse dingwe a ne a tshotse makgoba a a tlisitsweng ke MaSpanish pele ga a romelwa kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa Latin America le Caribbean.<ref>Ariane Tulloch. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200218193738/https://bitstream/handle/1808/5658/Tulloch_ku_0099M_10367_DATA_1.pdf;jsessionid=FB5E35B444CD3D8BAF2034292DDE4774?sequence=1 Afro-Mexicans: A short study on Identity]'' (PDF) (MA). University of Kansas. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro ka 2025.</ref> Go ya ka komponi ya diteko tsa tshika ya [[23andMe]], bagologolwane ba ba kwa Borwa jwa Sahara kwa Mexico ba tswa kwa kgaolong ya Senegambia le Guinea.<ref name=":3">[https://blog.23andme.com/ancestry-reports/reports-for-caribbean-and-latin-american-customers/ "Reports for Caribbean and Latin American Customers"]. ''23andMe Blog''. 15 May 2019. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le borataro.</ref> Se se farologana le letso le legolo la Nigeria kwa United States le dikarolo tsa Caribbean.<ref name=":3" /> == Metswedi == p3bgq6t7iru9n7eltaz4z41y9j3gooj 0 10811 50563 42067 2026-06-13T08:50:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|office=President of Côte d'Ivoire|order=4th|image=Laurent Gbagbo (2008).jpg|caption=Gbagbo in 2008|predecessor=[[Robert Guéï]]|primeminister={{ubl|[[Seydou Diarra]]|[[Pascal Affi N'Guessan]]|Seydou Diarra|[[Charles Konan Banny]]|[[Guillaume Soro]]|[[Gilbert Aké]]}}|successor=[[Alassane Ouattara]]|term_start=26 October 2000|term_end=11 April 2011{{NoteTag|The presidency was disputed between Gbagbo and [[Alassane Ouattara]] from 4 December 2010 to 11 April 2011, at which time Gbagbo was arrested by UN forces.}}|party={{ubl|[[Ivorian Popular Front|FPI]] (1982–2021)|[[PPA–CI]] (since 2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-expresidente-marfileno-laurent-gbagbo-vuelve-escena-politica-presentacion-nuevo-partido-20211016102049.html|title=El expresidente marfileño Laurent Gbagbo vuelve a la escena política en la presentación de su nuevo partido|website=Europa Press Internacional|date=16 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211114-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-premier-congr%C3%A8s-pour-le-fpi-depuis-la-rupture-avec-laurent-gbagbo|title = Côte d'Ivoire: Premier congrès pour le FPI depuis la rupture avec Laurent Gbagbo|date = 14 November 2021}}</ref>}}|birth_name=Koudou Laurent Gbagbo|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1945|5|31}}|birth_place=[[Gagnoa]], [[French West Africa]]|nationality=Ivorian|spouse=[[Simone Gbagbo]]|alma_mater=[[Paris Diderot University]]|website={{Official website|http://www.gbagbo.ci/}}|module={{Infobox criminal|child=yes | charge = [[Crimes against humanity]] (dismissed) | imprisoned = [[Scheveningen prison]]}}}} '''Koudou Laurent Gbagbo'''^{[[:en:Laurent_Gbagbo#cite_note-4|[ntlha 2]]]}<ref name=":2">[http://www.fpi.ci/premier_presi.htm "Qui est Laurent Gbagbo ?"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080802190023/http://www.fpi.ci/premier_presi.htm Archived] 2 August 2008 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], FPI website (Ka Sefora).</ref> (Gagnoa Bété: Gbagbo [ɡ͡baɡ͡bo]; go bidiwa ga mafoko a Sefora: [loʁɑ̃ baɡbo]; o tshotswe ka Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ka 1945) ke lepolotiki la Ivory Coast yo o neng e le tautona wa Côte d'Ivoire go tswa ka Moranang wa 2010 go fitlhelela a tshwarwa ka Moranang 2011. E ne e le tautona wa ntlha mo ditsong tsa lefatshe yo e neng e le lepolotiki la molema wa bogare. E le raditso, Gbagbo o ne a golegwa mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1970 le gape mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 1990, mme o ne a nna kwa lejwa kwa Fora ka bontsi jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980 ka ntlha ya go nna molweladitshwanelo tsa kopano. Gbagbo o ne a tlhoma Ivorian Popular Front (FPI) ka 1982 mme a tsenela ditlhopho tsa go nna tautona kgatlhanong le [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]] kwa tshimologong ya dipolotiki tsa makoko a mantsi ka 1990 mme a se ka a atlega. O ne a gapa setilo kwa Kokoanong Bosetshaba ya Côte d'Ivoire ka 1990. Gbagbo o ne a bolela gore o fentse morago ga gore Robert Guéï, tlhogo ya puso ya sesole, a thibele mapolotiki a mangwe a a eteletseng pele go tsenela ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Phalane 2000. Batho ba Ivory Coast ba ne ba tswa mo mebileng, ba menola Guéï. Morago ga moo Gbagbo o ne a tlhomiwa go nna tautona. Mo ditlhophong tsa botautona tsa 2010, [[Alassane Ouattara]] o ne a fenya Gbagbo, mme o ne a amogelwa jaaka mofenyi ke balebeledi ba ditlhopho, baagi ba boditshabatshaba, [[African Union|Kopano ya Aforika]] (AU), le Economic Community of West African States. Le fa go ntse jalo, Gbagbo o ne a gana go fologa setilo, le fa go ne go na le kgatelelo e e oketsegang ya boditshabatshaba.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20101221-ivory-coast-fear-violence-abidjan-gbagbo-resists-international-pressure-ouattara Fear of violence in Abidjan as Gbagbo refuses to step down], France24 (21 December 2010).</ref><ref name=":3">Tim Cocks, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/01/AR2011010100676.html Ivory Coast president has limited time to step down with impunity], ''Washington Post'' (1 January 2011).</ref> Khuduthamaga e e Ikemetseng ya Ditlhopho (IEC) e itsisitse gore Ouattara o fentse lobelo ka 54% ya ditlhopho, palo e Lekgotla la Ditshaba le neng la swetsa ka gore e a ikanyega; le fa go ntse jalo, Lekgotla la Molaomotheo, e leng setlhopha se se neng se laolwa ke maloko a a neng a ema Gbagbo nokeng, le ne la phimola dipholo kwa mafelong a a nonofileng a ditlhopho a ga Ouattara kwa bokone, le bolela gore go ne go na le tsietso, mme la bolela gore Gbagbo ke mofenyi ka 51% ya ditlhopha.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20190417212604/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/c-te-divoire Freedom in the World 2013: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties]'' ([[:en:Freedom_House|Freedom House]], 2013).</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2010, bobedi jwa ga Gbagbo le Ouattara ba ne ba tsaya maemo a botautona, mme seo sa tsosa ntwa ya selegae ka nako e khutshwane e mo go yone batho ba ka nna dikete tse tharo ba neng ba bolawa.<ref name=":0">Laurel Wamsley, [https://www.npr.org/2019/01/15/685509479/international-criminal-court-drops-war-crimes-charges-against-ex-ivory-coast-lea International Criminal Court Drops War Crimes Charges Against Ex-Ivory Coast Leader], NPR (15 January 2019).</ref> Gbagbo o ne a tshwarwa ka 2011 ke masole a a neng a eme Ouattara nokeng, a a neng a engwe nokeng ke masole a Fora.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/12/world/africa/12ivory.html Leader’s Arrest in Ivory Coast Ends Standoff], ''New York Times'' (12 April 2011).</ref> Gbagbo o ne a isiwa kwa The Hague ka Ngwanatsele 2011, kwa a neng a latofadiwa ka ditatofatso di le nne tsa ditlolomolao kgatlhanong le batho kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Bosenyi ya Boditshabatshaba (ICC) mabapi le tirisodikgoka ya morago ga ditlhopho.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">David Smith, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/dec/05/laurent-gbagbo-international-criminal-court1 Laurent Gbagbo appears before international criminal court], ''The Guardian'' (5 December 2011).</ref> Gbagbo e nnile ene tlhogo ya lefatshe ya ntlha ya pele go tsenngwa mo diatleng tsa kgotlatshekelo. Ka Firikgong 2019, kokoano ya ICC e ne ya kgaphela thoko ditatofatso kgatlhanong le Gbagbo le mongwe wa ditona tsa gagwe tsa pele, [[Charles Blé Goudé]], ya tlhomamisa gore bosupi jo bo neng jwa tlhagisiwa bo ne bo sa lekana go supa gore bobedi joo bo dirile ditlolomolao kgatlhanong le batho.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Basekisi ba ne ba ikuela kgatlhanong le tshwetso eo, mme Gbagbo o ne a thibelwa go boela kwa Côte d'Ivoire go santse go letilwe ditsheko tsa boikuelo.<ref name=":18">[https://www.france24.com/en/20190118-ivory-coast-icc-grants-prosecution-request-ivorian-ex-leader-gbagbo-custody-appeal ICC grants prosecution request to keep Ivorian ex-leader Gbagbo in custody], France24 (18 January 2019).</ref> ICC e ne ya feleletsa e tshegeditse go gololwa ga ga Gbagbo, mme ka Moranang 2021, Ouattara o ne a bolela gore ene le Blé Goudé ba gololesegile go boela kwa lefatsheng.<ref name=":19">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/topics/c46zppwgw6lt/laurent-gbagbo "Laurent Gbagbo"]. ''BBC News''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi ka 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele le tiro ya gagwe ya thuto == Laurent Gbagbo o tshotswe ka la bo Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ka 1945 mo lelawpeng la Roma la batho ba Bété kwa Gagnoa kwa Aforika Bophirima jwa Fora ka nako eo.<ref>''[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Laurent-Gbagbo Laurent Gbagbo]'', Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2020</ref> O ne a nna moporofesara wa ditso le moganetsi wa puso ya ga Tautona [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]].<ref>Noble, Kenneth B.; Times, Special To the New York (30 October 1990). [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/30/world/president-leads-in-ivory-coast-election.html "President Leads in Ivory Coast Election"]. ''The New York Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331].</ref> O ne a golegwa go tloga ka Mopitlo a le masome mararo le motso ka 1971 go fitlha ka Firikgong 1973. Ka 1979, o ne a bona digerata ya gagwe ya bongaka kwa Yunibesithing ya Paris Diderot. Ka 1980, o ne a nna Mokaedi wa Setheo sa Ditso, Botaki le Thutamarope ya Aforika kwa Yunibesithing ya Abidjan. O ne a tsaya karolo mo ditshupegetsong tsa barutabana tsa 1982 e le leloko la Mokgatlho wa Badiri wa Bosetshaba wa Patlisiso le Thuto e e Kwa Godimo. Gbagbo o ne a ya lejwa kwa Fora.<ref>[[:en:Alan_Rake|Rake, Alan]] (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=OelF9LrRXHsC&pg=PA65 African Leaders: Guiding the New Millennium]''. Scarecrow Press. pp. 65–69. ISBN 9780810840195.</ref><ref>Frindethie, K. Martial (25 January 2016). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=pzPECwAAQBAJ&pg=PA104 From Lumumba to Gbagbo: Africa in the Eddy of the Euro-American Quest for Exceptionalism]''. McFarland. pp. 86–126. ISBN 9780786494040.</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka nako ya ditshupegetso tsa 1982, Koudou Gbagbo o ne a bopa se se neng se tla nna Mokgatlho wa Batho ba Ivory Coast (FPI). O ne a boela kwa Côte d'Ivoire ka Lwetse a le lesome le boraro 1988 mme kwa khuduthamageng ya molaomotheo ya FPI, e e neng e tshwerwe ka Ngwanaatsele a le lesome le boferabongwe–masome mabedi 1988, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mokwaledimogolo wa lekoko.<ref name=":3" /> Gbagbo o boletse ka Phukwi 2008 gore o amogetse tshegetso e e botlhokwa go tswa go [[Blaise Compaoré]], yo pele e neng e le tautona wa Burkina Faso, fa a ne a le karolo ya kganetso ya sephiring ya Houphouët-Boigny.<ref>[http://apanews.net/apa.php?page=show_article_eng&id_article=70868 "Gbagbo acknowledges receiving underground support from Compaoré against Boigny"]^{[''permanent dead link'']}, African Press Agency, 29 July 2008.</ref> Morago ga go simololwa ga dipolotiki tsa makoko a mantsi ka 1990, Gbagbo o ne a gwetlha Houphouët-Boigny mo ditlhophong tsa botautona tsa Phalane 1990. Gbagbo o ne a nganga gore Houphouët-Boigny, yo o neng a na le dingwaga di le masome a ferabobedi le botlhano kgotsa masome a ferabongwe (go ikaegile ka motswedi), go ne go sa kgonagale gore a falole paka ya bosupa ya dingwaga di le tlhano. Seo se ne sa palelwa ke go utlwala mo batlhophing, mme Gbagbo o ne a amogela semmuso 18.3% ya ditalama kgatlhanong le Houphouët-Boigny. Mo ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa Ngwanaatsele 1990, Gbagbo o ne a gapa setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetshaba, mmogo le maloko a mangwe a robabobedi a FPI.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">Robert J. Mundt, "Côte d'Ivoire: Continuity and Change in a Semi-Democracy", ''Political Reform in Francophone Africa'' (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pp. 191–192 ISBN 0-8133-2785-7</ref> Gbagbo o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mo setilong go tswa kwa Kgaolong ya Ouragahio mo Lephateng la Gagnoa mme e ne e le tautona wa Setlhopha sa Palamente sa FPI go tloga ka 1990 go ya go 1995.<ref name=":2" /> Ka 1992 o ne a atlholelwa dingwaga di le pedi kwa kgolegelong mme a latofadiwa ka go tlhotlheletsa tirisodikgoka, mme a gololwa moragonyana mo ngwageng.<ref name=":4" /> FPI e ne ya kganela ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa 1995. Ka 1996 Gbagbo o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna mo setilong sa gagwe mo Kokoanong ya Bosetshaba go tswa kwa Ouragahio, morago ga tiego ya go tshwarwa ga ditlhopho koo, mme ka one ngwaga oo o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Moporesidente wa FPI.<ref name=":2" /> [[Setshwantsho:Le Président de la Côte d'Ivoire, Laurent Gbagbo et Vahid Halilhodzic, Sol Beni, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 30.05.'08 (8932).jpg|thumb|Tautona wa Côte d'Ivoire e bong Laurent Gbagbo le Vahid Halilhodzic, Sol Beni, kwa Abidjan, kwa Côte d'Ivoire ka Motsheganong 2008]] Kwa Khuduthamageng ya boraro e e Tlwaelegileng ya FPI ka Phukwi a ferabongwe–lesome le motso 1999, Gbagbo o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka ntlhopheng wa FPI mo ditlhophong tsa botautona tsa Phalane 2000.<ref name=":2" /> Ditlhopho tseo di ne tsa nna teng morago ga menolopuso ya Sedimonthole 1999 e mo go yone mojenerale yo o rotseng tiro [[Robert Guéï]] a neng a tsaya puso. Guéï o ne a gana go letlelela yo o neng a tla pele ga gagwe jaaka tautona, e bong [[Henri Konan Bédié]], kgotsa tonakgolo ya pele e bong [[Alassane Ouattara]] go tsenelela ditlhopho, mme seo sa tlogela Gbagbo e le ene fela ntlhopheng yo o botlhokwa wa lekoko la kganetso. Guéï o ne a bolela gore o fentse mo ditlhophong, tse di neng tsa tshwarwa ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi, 2000. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa go sena go tlhagelela gore tota Gbagbo o ne a fentse ka palo e e bonalang, ditshupetso tsa mo mebileng di ne tsa pateletsa Guéï go tshaba kwa motsemogolo. Gbagbo o ne a itlhoma jaaka tautona ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le borataro.<ref>[[:en:Laurent_Gbagbo#CITEREFFrindethie2016|Frindethie 2016]], p. 102</ref><ref>Baumann, Gerd; Gingrich, André (15 November 2005). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=DqEGulGWVdgC&pg=PA112 Grammars of Identity/alterity: A Structural Approach]''. Berghahn Books. pp. 112–41. ISBN 9781845451080.</ref> == Ntwa ya selegae == Morago ga ditlhopho tse di neng di gaisanwa tsa 2000, go ne ga nna le dikgotlhang tse di bogale fa gare ga baemanokeng ba FPI le baemanokeng ba RDR. Lebitla la bontsi la ditopo di le masome matlhano le bosupa le ne la fitlhelwa kwa Yopougon, Abidjan, ka Ngwanaatsele 2000, le na le ditopo tsa baemanokeng ba RDR ba ba neng ba bolawa ke masole a a neng a ema le FPI. RDR e ne ya simolola go kganela ditlhopho tsa ditlhopho tsa Sedimonthole 2000 tsa palamente. Kgwedi e e latelang, go ne ga nna le maiteko a go menola puso kgatlhanong le Gbagbo. Go tswa foo puso e ne ya gakatsa go gatelela batho ba bokone le ba go neng go akanngwa gore ke baemanokeng ba ga Alassane Ouattara; ba le bantsi ba ne ba tsenngwa mo kgolegelong kgotsa ba bolawa.<ref name=":5">Rudolph, Joseph R. Jr (2016). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=OjkVCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA292 Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts]'' (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. pp. 288, 292. ISBN 9781610695534.</ref> Ka Lwetse a le lesome le boferabongwe 2002 tsogologo ya batho ba bokone kgatlhanong le puso ya ga Gbagbo bo ne jwa palelwa ka bontlhabongwe. Marabele ao, ba ba neng ba ipitsa ''Forces Nouvelles'', ba ne ba leka go gapa metse ya Abidjan, Bouaké le Korhogo. Ba ne ba palelwa ke go tsaya Abidjan, mme ba ne ba atlega mo ditoropong tse dingwe tse pedi, jaaka fa baikanyegi ba ga Gbagbo, ka thuso ya sesole sa Fora, ba ne ba kgaphela tlhaselo morago.<ref name=":5" /> Marabele a Patriotic Movement of Côte d'Ivoire ba ne ba simolola go laola karolo e e kwa bokone jwa lefatshe leo. Ka Mopitlo 2003, go ne ga dirwa tumalano e ntsha ya makoko a a farologaneng ya go tlhama puso e ntsha e e neng e eteletswe pele ke motho yo o dumalanweng, [[Seydou Diarra]], mme e akaretsa matona a robabongwe go tswa kwa marabeleng, mme ngwaga o le mongwe moragonyana, masole a UN a go boloka kagiso a ne a goroga mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":6">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13287585 Ivory Coast profile – Timeline], BBC news (15 January 2019).</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, ka Mopitlo 2004, go ne ga nna le kokoano e e neng e le kgatlhanong le Gbagbo kwa Abidjan;<ref name=":6" /> masole a puso a ne a tsiboga ka go bolaya batho ba ka nna lekgolo le masome mabedi.<ref name=":7">Tim J. Watts, "Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)" in ''Atrocities, Massacres, and War Crimes: An Encyclopedia'' (ed. Alexander Mikaberidze: Vol. 1: ABC-CLIO, 2013), p. 329.</ref> Pego e e neng ya latela ya UN e ne ya swetsa ka gore puso ya Ivory Coast e ne e na le maikarabelo a polao eo.<ref name=":7" /> == Morago ga Ntwa ya Selegae == Tumalano ya kagiso e ne ya phutlhama tota mo masimologong a Ngwanaatsele 2004 morago ga ditlhopho tse batshwayadiphoso ba neng ba bolela gore ga se tsa temokerasi le go gana ga marabele morago ga moo go ntsha dibetsa. Ka nako ya tlhaselo ya sefofane kwa Bouaké ka Ngwanaatsele a le garataro ka 2004, masole a robabongwe a Fora a ne a bolawa. Fa puso ya Ivory Coast e boletse fa tlhaselo ya masole a Fora e ne e le ka phoso,<ref>Sengupta, Somini (7 November 2004) [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/07/international/africa/07ivory.html "Ivory Coast Violence Flares; 9 French and 1 U.S. Death"] ''The New York Times''</ref> metswedi ya puso ya Fora e ne ya bolela gore e ne e le ka bomo mme ya tsiboga ka go senya bontsi jwa difofane tsa sesole sa Ivory Coast.<ref>Navarro, N. and Gnanih, A-H. (14 June 2008) [http://www.france24.com/en/20080614-ivory-coast-bernard-kouchner-gbabgo-france&navi=AFRIQUE "French foreign minister's visit is first since 2003"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520122915/http://www.france24.com/en/20080614-ivory-coast-bernard-kouchner-gbabgo-france%26navi%3DAFRIQUE Archived] 20 May 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] ''France 24 International News''</ref><ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=49576&SelectRegion=West_Africa&SelectCountry=COTE_D_IVOIRE "UN endorses plan to leave president in office beyond mandate"], IRIN, 14 October 2005.</ref> Kwa motsubong wa Phalane go atamelwa ka 2006, go ne ga tsewa go sa kgonagale gore ditlhopho di ka tshwarwa ka nako eo, mme kganetso le marabele ba ne ba gana kgonagalo ya go okelediwa paka e nngwe ya ga Gbagbo.<ref>Joe Bavier, [http://www.voanews.com/english/2006-08-18-voa13.cfm "Ivory Coast Opposition, Rebels Say No to Term Extension for President"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20060824210541/http://voanews.com/english/2006-08-18-voa13.cfm Archived] 24 August 2006 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], VOA News, 18 August 2006.</ref> Lekgotla la Tshireletso la UN le ne la dumela gore paka ya ga Gbagbo e okediwe gape ka ngwaga o le mongwe Ngwanaatsele a rogwa ka 2006; go se lebale, bontsi jwa marabele ba ne ba tshwere ditlhobolo tsa bone mme ba ne ba ipaakanyeditse go gatela pele gape, le fa go ntse jalo, tshwetso e ne ya nna ya go nonotsha maatla a ga Tonakgolo Charles Konan Banny. Gbagbo o rile letsatsi le le latelang gore dikarolo tsa tshwetso tse di tsewang e le ditlolo tsa molaotheo ga di kitla di dirisiwa.<ref>[http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=56232&SelectRegion=West_Africa&SelectCountry=COTE_D_IVOIRE "Partial rejection of UN peace plan"], IRIN, 2 November 2006.</ref> Tumalano ya kagiso magareng ga puso le marabele, kgotsa New Forces, e ne ya saeniwa ka Mopitlo a le gane ka 2007, kwa [[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso, mme morago ga moo [[Guillaume Soro]], moeteledipele wa New Forces, o ne a nna tonakgolo.<ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/04/04/africa/AF-GEN-Ivory-Coast-Prime-Minister.php "Former rebel leader takes over as Ivory Coast's prime minister"], Associated Press (''International Herald Tribune''), 4 April 2007.</ref><ref name=":8">[http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=68&art_id=nw20070412095335190C984275 "New Ivory Coast govt 'a boost for Gbagbo'"], AFP (''IOL''), 12 April 2007.</ref> Ditiragalo tseo di ne tsa bonwa ke balebeledi bangwe jaaka tse di nonotshang boemo jwa ga Gbagbo thata.<ref name=":8" /> Gbagbo o ne a etela bokone lekgetlo la ntlha fa e sale ntwa e runya go ya go dira moletlo wa go ntsha dibetsa, "kgabo ya kagiso", Phukwi a le masome mararo 2007. Moletlo ono o ne o akaretsa go fisa dibetsa go supa bokhutlo jwa ntwa.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6921585.stm "Ivory Coast leaders burn weapons"], BBC News, 30 July 2007.</ref><ref name=":9">[http://www.jeuneafrique.com/fluxafp/fil_info.asp?reg_id=0&art_cle=38365 "Côte d'Ivoire: Gbagbo en zone rebelle pour prôner la paix et des élections rapides"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930183623/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/fluxafp/fil_info.asp?reg_id=0&art_cle=38365 Archived] 30 September 2007 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], AFP (Jeuneafrique.com), 30 July 2007 (in French).</ref> Kwa moletlong, Gbagbo o ne a bolela gore ntwa e fedile mme a re lefatshe le tshwanetse go ya kwa ditlhophong ka bonako, tse ka nako eo di neng di rulaganyeditswe go dirwa mo tshimologong ya 2008<ref name=":9" /> Phatwe a le masome mararo 2008, Gbagbo o ne a tlhomiwa go nna ntlhopheng wa FPI mo ditlhophong tsa botautona tsa Ngwanaatsele 2008 kwa khuduthamageng ya lekoko; e ne e le ene fela ntlhopheng wa go tlhophiwa ga FPI.<ref>[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5i2MYEqJ7oQPSukeY8PyPewuaknbQ "I Coast President Gbagbo wins party nomination for November poll"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520164510/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5i2MYEqJ7oQPSukeY8PyPewuaknbQ Archived] 20 May 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], AFP, 30 August 2008.</ref> Ditlhopho tsa botautona di ne tsa busediwa morago gape go ya go 2010. == Ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa 2010 le tirisodikgoka ya morago ga ditlhopho == Ka 2010, kwa Côte d’Ivoire go ne ga nna le ditlhopho tsa botautona. Gbagbo, yo taolo ya gagwe e neng e fedile ka 2005, o ne a diegisitse ditlhopho makgetlho a le mmalwa.<ref name=":10">Adam Nossiter, [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/01/world/africa/01ivorycoast.html After Delays, a Vote for a President in Ivory Coast], ''New York Times'' (1 November 2010).</ref> Mo tikologong ya ntlha, Gbagbo o ne a lebagana le baganetsi ba le lesome le bone; ba babedi ba bagolo e ne e le [[Henri Konan Bédié]], yo o neng a tlositswe mo setilong ka go menola puso dingwaga di le lesome le bongwe pele ga foo, le [[Alassane Ouattara]], yo e kileng ya bo e le tonakgolo le modiredi wa IMF.<ref name=":10" /> Mo tikologong ya ntlha, ga go na ntlhopheng ope yo o neng a bona bontsi jwa ditlhopho tse di fetang 50%, mme seo sa dira gore go nne le ditlhopho tsa bobedi fa gare ga batho ba babedi ba ba kwa godimo ba ba neng ba bona ditlhopho: Gbagbo (yo o ne a amogetse 38% ya ditalama mo tikologong ya ntlha) le Ouattara (yo o amogetseng 32% ya ditalama mo tikologong ya ntlha).<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-11861346 Ivory Coast awaits Gbagbo-Ouattara run-off result], BBC News (29 November 2010).</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 2010, go ne ga tshwarwa tikologo ya bobedi ya ditlhopho tsa botautona. Malatsi a le mane morago ga foo Khuduthamaga e e Ikemetseng ya Ditlhopho (CEI) e ne ya bolela gore Ouattara ke mofenyi ka 54.1% ya ditalama.<ref>Kamara, Ahmed M. (3 December 2010). [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/3/ivory-coast-election-president-ouattara-wins-third-term "Alassane Ouattara has been declared winner of the Ivory Coast presidential election by the French"]. Newstime Africa. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Lekoko la ga Gbagbo le ne la ngongorega ka tsietso mme la laela gore ditalama go tswa kwa dikgaolong di robabongwe tse di neng di gapilwe ke marabele a pele "di ne tsa nna FN morago ga tumalano ya Ouagadougou" di phimolwe, fela dipuo tseo di ne tsa ganetswa ke Khuduthamaga ya Ditlhopho ya Ivory Coast le balebeledi ba ditlhopho ba boditshabatshaba.<ref name=":11">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12045387 "UN urges recognition of Ouattara as Ivory Coast leader"]. ''BBC News''. 20 December 2010.</ref> Lekgotla la Molaomotheo le ne la phimola kgoeletso ya CEI e e neng e ikaegile ka tsietso ya go tlhopha, mme ya kgaphela kwa thoko ditalama go tswa kwa mafelong a robabongwe a a kwa bokone.<ref name=":12">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-11913832 "Ivory Coast poll overturned: Gbagbo declared winner"]. ''BBC News''. 3 December 2010.</ref> Lekgotla la Molaomotheo le ne la swetsa ka gore kwa ntle ga ditalama tse Gbagbo o fentse ka 51% ya ditalameng tse di setseng.<ref name=":11" /> Thibelo ya molaomotheo ya gore botautona ba dire dingwaga di feta lesome ga e a rarabololwa. Ka karolo e kgolo ya ditalama tsa lefatshe e ne ya senyega, segolobogolo mo mafelong a Ouattara a neng a dira ditlhopho sentle mo go ona,<ref name=":12" /> dikgotlhang di ne tsa oketsega mo lefatsheng. Gbagbo o ne a laela sesole go tswala melelwane mme mekgatlho ya dikgang ya mafatshe a sele e ne ya thibelwa go gasa go tswa mo teng ga lefatshe. Mokwaledi wa Lefatshe wa Amerika Hillary Clinton o ne a rotloetsa puso go "dira ka maikarabelo le ka kagiso."<ref>[https://archive.today/20130103065329/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5il4YdEG-gbGz0__DZ6WsJxGNemMA?docId=CNG.66f68c0742f30ea582dc3640f544f237.b51 "US urges Ivory Coast leaders to act responsibly"]. AFP. 30 November 2010. Archived from [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5il4YdEG-gbGz0__DZ6WsJxGNemMA?docId=CNG.66f68c0742f30ea582dc3640f544f237.b51 the original] on 3 January 2013.</ref> Gbagbo o ne a bolela gore "Ke tla tswelela go dira le mafatshe otlhe a lefatshe, mme ga nkitla ke tlogela puso ya rona."<ref name=":13">Cocks, Tim; Coulibaly, Loucoumane (5 December 2010). [https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-53354620101205 "Ivory Coast's Gbagbo sworn in, faces rejection abroad"]. ''Reuters''. </ref> Ka Sedimonthole a le gane 2010, letsatsi lengwe morago ga gore boeteledipele jwa sesole bo solofetse gore bo tla tswelela go ikanyega mo go ene, Gbagbo o ne a ikana gape mo moletlong o o neng wa gasiwa mo thelebishineng ya puso. Boipolelo jwa ga Gbagbo jwa go tswelela mo maemong ga bo a ka jwa amogelwa kwa mafatsheng mangwe, mme jwa ganwa ke Fora, U.S., Lekgotla la Ditshaba, Kopano ya Aforika, le setlhopha sa kgaolo sa ECOWAS,<ref name=":13" /> tse tsotlhe di neng tsa amogela Ouattara jaaka tautona yo o tlhophilweng ka tshwanelo mme tsa kopa gore Gbagbo a tlotle thato ya batho.<ref name=":14">[https://web.archive.org/web/20210619191650/https://news.abidjan.net/h/383826.html "Jean Ping a remis à Gbagbo une lettre lui demandant de partir"]. Abidjan.net. AFP. 18 December 2010.</ref> Gbagbo o ne a tsiboga ka go simolola ditlhaselo tsa semorafe mo bathong ba bokone ba ba nnang kwa Abidjan ka sesole sa gagwe se se neng se dirilwe ka bontlhabongwe jwa masole a a thapilweng a Liberia,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210619181249/https://news.abidjan.net/h/383829.html "Le camp Gbagbo veut livrer le "combat" contre Ouattara"]. Abidjan.net. AFP. 18 December 2010.</ref><ref name=":15">[http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20101217-cote-ivoire "Côte d'Ivoire : la pression s'accentue sur Laurent Gbagbo"]. [[:en:Radio_France_Internationale|RFI]]. 17 December 2010.</ref> mme magatwe (a a sa netefadiwang ka ntlha ya dithibelo tsa motsamao wa masole a go boloka kagiso) a ditlhopha tsa loso tse di emang Gbagbo nokeng le mabitla a bontsi a ile a begelwa baemedi ba UN.<ref>Clark, Dave (23 December 2010). [http://www.mg.co.za/article/2010-12-23-un-hears-of-cocircte-divoire-atrocities "UN hears of Côte d'Ivoire atrocities"]. AFP.</ref><ref>Smith, David (22 December 2010). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/22/ivory-coast-death-squads "Ivory Coast: death squads on the rise as civil war looms"]. ''The Guardian''. London.</ref> Gbagbo a engwe nokeng thata ke borwa jo bontsi jwa jone bo leng jwa Bokeresete; baganetsi ba gagwe ba le bantsi kwa bokone jwa MaMusllim.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12081492 "Ivory Coast: General strike called to pressure Gbagbo"]. BBC News Africa. 26 December 2010. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Fa Nigeria e ne e batla gore Gbagbo a fologe mo setilong mme EU e simolola go tsenya dikiletso le go gatsetsa dithoto,<ref>[https://www.admin.ch/gov/en/start/documentation/media-releases.msg-id-37286.html "Federal Council orders freezing of any assets held by Laurent Gbagbo in Switzerland"]. ''www.admin.ch''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Gbagbo o ne a batla gore batlhokomedi ba kagiso ba UN le masole a Fora ba tswe mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":14" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12028263 "Gbagbo orders peacekeepers to leave Ivory Coast"]. ''BBC News''. 18 December 2010. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Baeteledipele ba Forces Nouvelles (ditsuolodi tsa pele) ba ne ba tlhomamisa gore Gbagbo e ne e se tlhogo ya lefatshe mme o ne a ka se dire kopo e e ntseng jalo mme gape ba tlhomamisa gore kopo eo e ne e le karolo ya leano la go dira polao ya semorafe kgatlhanong le batho ba bokone, jaaka go boletswe ke Tona ya Basha le Ditiro ya ga Gbagbo.<ref name=":15" /><ref>Sylla, Iman Sékou (18 December 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210619182050/https://news.abidjan.net/h/383849.html "Attaque des mosquées d'Abobo et de Bassam par des hommes en uniforme"] (Press release). COSIM Conseil supérieur des imams, Abidjan.net</ref><ref>Bamba, Affoussy (18 December 2010). [http://news.abidjan.net/h/383847.html "Activités des forces impartiales en Côte d'Ivoire"] (Press release). [[:en:Forces_Nouvelles_de_Côte_d'Ivoire|Forces nouvelles]].</ref> Dikhuduego tse di neng tsa latela morago ga ditlhopho di ne tsa baka dintsho tsa batho ba le dikete tse tharo, le go fudusiwa ga batho ba bangwe ba ba fa gare ga sephatlo sa sedikadike go ya go sedikadike.<ref name=":17">Ben Batros, [https://www.justsecurity.org/62295/icc-acquittal-gbagbo-crimes-humanity/ The ICC Acquittal of Gbagbo: What Next for Crimes against Humanity?], ''Just Security'' (18 January 2019).</ref> Moranang a le lesome le motso ka 2011, masole a a tshepagalang a ga Ouattara a tshegeditswe ke masole a Fora le a UN a ile a leka go ya go gapa Gbagbo kwa ntlong ya gae kwa Abidjan morago ga go palelwa ke dipuisano tsa go fedisa mathata a tlhatlhamano ya botautona.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/06/ivory.coast.unrest/ "Source: Ouattara forces enter Gbagbo's Ivory Coast stronghold"]. CNN. 5 April 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Go ya ka Ouattara, masole a gagwe a ne a tlhoma lefelo la tshireletso kwa lefelong la bonno, kwa Gbagbo a neng a tshabetse teng mo maemong a a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe, mme ba ne ba mo emetse gore a felelwe ke dijo le metsi.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/world/gbagbos-pal-hell-choose-death-over-humiliation/ "Gbagbo's pal: He'll choose death over humiliation"]. Fox News. Associated Press. 8 April 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> UN e ne e gateletse gore a tshwarwe, a atlholwe le go sekisiwa ka ntlha ya ditlolomolao kgatlhanong le batho ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo pusong le fa e sa le Ouattara a tlhophiwa. === Go tshwarwa le go fudusediwa kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Bosenyi ya Boditshabatshaba === Ka Moranang a le lesome 2011, difofane tsa thootomo tsa UN le tsa Fora di ne tsa thuntsha dirokete kwa ntlong ya botautona. Masole a a kgethegileng a Fora a ne a thusa masole a a neng a ikanyega mo go Ouattara, tautona yo o neng a amogelwa mo mafatsheng otlhe, fa a ne a gatela pele mo lefelong leo. Gbagbo o ne a tshwarwa mo sebopegong se se fa tlase ga lefelo mme a tshwarwa ke masole a ga Ouattara.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/fresh-clashes-erupt-in-ivory-coast-after-un-french-attacks-119588724/137817.html "Ivory Coast's Gbagbo Captured at Presidential Compound"]. [[:en:Voice_of_America|Voice of America]]. 10 April 2011.</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/ivory-coast-strongman-arrested-after-french-forces-intervene/2011/04/11/AFOBaeKD_story.html "Ivory Coast strongman arrested after French forces intervene"]. ''The Washington Post''. 26 March 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/972702--gbagbo-captured-after-siege-on-bunker "Gbagbo captured after siege on bunker"]. ''Toronto Star''. 11 April 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref><ref>Katrina Manson & Peggy Hollinger (11 April 2011). [https://www.ft.com/content/53cd6854-6440-11e0-b171-00144feab49a "Gbagbo seized by Ivory Coast opposition"]. ''Financial Times''. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/53cd6854-6440-11e0-b171-00144feab49a Archived] from the original on 10 December 2022.</ref> Mmueledi wa ga Gbagbo o ne a bolela gore masole a puso a kgonne go tlhasela bonno morago ga gore masole a Fora a thuntshe lebota, a bula mola wa "go tshaba" e e neng e epilwe ka ditaelo tsa yo o neng a tla pele ga ga Gbagbo, [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]], mme morago ga moo ya agiwa ka lobota ke Ggboba.<ref>John Follain (17 April 2011). [https://www.thetimes.com/comment/register/article/embassy-tunnel-led-to-gbagbos-capture-hnd8g7mp6zt "Embassy tunnel led to Gbagbo's capture"]. ''The Sunday Times''. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0956-1382 0956-1382]. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Gbagbo o ne a tshwaretswe kwa Hoteleng ya Golf kwa Abidjan ke masole a ga Ouattara, mme a kopa tshireletso mo batlhokomeding ba kagiso ba UN.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/ozatp-ivorycoast-un-peacekeepers-gbagbo-idAFJOE73A0MX20110411 "Gbagbo, wife in Ouattara's custody in I.Coast"]. ''Reuters''. 9 February 2009.</ref> Fa a ne a bua a le kwa hoteleng, Gbagbo o ne a bolelela masole a a tlwaelesegileng gore a emise go lwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110412034017/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/11/ivory.coast.crisis/?hpt=T2 "Gbagbo tells his supporters to stop fighting"]. CNN. 11 April 2011. Archived from [http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/11/ivory.coast.crisis/?hpt=T2 the original] on 12 April 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Tautona wa U.S. Barack Obama o ne a amogela dikgang tsa ditiragalo tseo mme CNN e ne ya nopola Mokwaledi wa Lefatshe la U.S. Hillary Clinton a re go tshwarwa ga ga Gbagbo "go romela letshwao le le maatla go babusaesi le bagateledi. ... Ba ka nna ba se ka ba itlhokomolosa lentswe la batho ba bone".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110412034017/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/11/ivory.coast.crisis/?hpt=T2 "Obama, Clinton welcome new developments"]. CNN. 11 April 2011. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20110412034017/http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/04/11/ivory.coast.crisis/?hpt=T2 the original] on 12 April 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Ka Phalane 2011, Kgotlatshekelo ya Bosenyi ya Boditshabatshaba e ne ya bula dipatlisiso ka ga ditiro tsa tirisodikgoka tse di dirilweng ka nako ya kgotlhang morago ga ditlhopho, mme mosekisi yo mogolo wa ICC [[Luis Moreno Ocampo]] o ne a etela lefatshe.<ref name=":16">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-15946481 "Ivory Coast's Laurent Gbagbo arrives in The Hague"]. ''BBC News''. 30 November 2011.</ref> Kgwedi e e latelang, ICC e ne ya ntsha taelo ya go tshwara Gbagbo semmuso, e mo latofatsa ka ditatofatso di le nne tsa bokebekwa kgatlhanong le batho – polao, petelelo le mefuta e mengwe ya tirisodikgoka ya thobalano, pogiso le ditiro tse dingwe tse di seng tsa setho tse go bolelwang fa di dirilwe magareng ga Sedimonthole a le lesome le borataro 2010 le lesome le bobedi Moranang 2011.<ref name=":16" /> Gbagbo o ne a tshwarwa kwa [[Korhogo]], kwa a neng a beilwe ka fa tlase ga kgolegelo ya mo ntlong, mme a bewa mo sefofaneng se se yang The Hague ka Ngwanaatsele a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe 2011. Mogakolodi wa ga Gbagbo o tlhalositse go tshwarwa ga gagwe jaaka "tshiamiso ya bafenyi". Go farologana le seo, ditlhopha tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho di ne tsa akgola go tshwarwa ga ga Gbagbo fa di ntse di bolela gape gore masole a a emang le Ouattara a a dirileng ditlolomolao le one a tshwanetse go rwala maikarabelo.<ref name=":16" /> Ka 2012, tona ya pele ya tekanyetsokabo ya madi ya ga Gbagbo Justin Kone Katinan, molekane yo mogolo wa ga Gbagbo, o ne a tshwarwa ka taelo ya boditshabatshaba kwa Accra, Ghana, ka ditatofatso tsa go thuba tse di bakilweng ke go thuba dibanka kwa Ivory Coast. Ngwaga o o latelang, mmakaseterata wa Ghana o ne a gana kopo ya go busediwa kwa lefatsheng la gagwe, a tlhomamisa gore taelo e e neng ya ntshiwa ke puso ya Ivory Coast e ne e tlhotlheleditswe ke sepolotiki.<ref>''[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ghana-court-katinan/ghana-court-rejects-request-to-extradite-ivorian-fugitive-idUSBRE97T0MP20130830 Ghana court rejects request to extradite Ivorian fugitive]'', Reuters, 2013</ref> === Ditsheko kwa ICC le go gololwa mo molatong === Theetso ya netefatso ya melato e ne e rulaganyeditswe go tshwarwa ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le boferabobedi 2012, mme e ne ya busediwa morago go Phatwe a le lesome le boraro 2012, go fa setlhopha sa gagwe sa babueledi nako e ntsi ya go ipaakanya. Theetso e ne ya busediwa morago go ya go ile, go umakiwa matshwenyego ka botsogo jwa ga Gbagbo.<ref>Merrill, Austin. [http://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/ivory-coast-laurent-gbagbo-alassane-ouattara-civil-war-cocoa "Ivory Coast: Sympathizers Defend Gbagbo"]. ''Ivory Coast: Cocoa, Justice, and the Road to Reconciliation''. Pulitzer Center/Foreign Policy.</ref> Tsheko ya ga Gbagbo kwa ICC e simolotse ka Firikgong a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 2016, kwa a neng a ganetsa ditatofatso tsotlhe tse di neng di le kgatlhanong le ene; ditlolomolao kgatlhanong le batho go akaretsa polao, petelelo le pogiso, fela jaaka molatofadiwa-ka-ene Charles Blé Goudé.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35424653 "Laurent Gbagbo: Ivory Coast ex-leader denies war crimes"]. ''BBC News''. 28 January 2016. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/01/28/world/europe/ap-eu-international-court-ivory-coast.html "Ex-Ivory Coast Leader Pleads Not Guilty to Atrocities"]. Associated Press. 28 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016 – via [[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]].</ref> Ka ntlha ya go nna mo kotsing ya go tshaba le go nna le mafaratlhatlha a baemanokeng, baatlhodi ba ne ba mo laela gore a nne mo kgolegelong ka nako ya tsheko ya gagwe.<ref>[http://ewn.co.za/2017/09/27/icc-former-ivory-coast-president-gbagbo-to-remain-in-detention-for-trial "ICC: Former Ivory Coast president Gbagbo to remain in detention for trial"]. Reuters. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Go tloga ka Firikgong 2016 go fitlha ka Firikgong 2018, basekisi ba ICC ba ne ba ntsha bosupi jwa basupi ba le masome a ferabobedi le bobedi le bosupi jo bo diketekete. Gbagbo o ne a tlhatlhela kakanyo ya "ga go na kgetse e e tshwanetseng go arabiwa" ka Phukwi 2018, mme ditheetso di ne tsa tshwarwa ka Ngwanaatsele 2018.<ref name=":17" /> Ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano 2019 Gbagbo le Goudé ba ne ba gololwa ke lekoko la ICC mme ga laelwa gore ba gololwe.<ref>Maclean, Ruth (15 January 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/15/ex-ivory-coast-president-laurent-gbagbo-acquitted-at-icc "Ex-Ivory Coast president Laurent Gbagbo acquitted at ICC"]. ''The Guardian''.</ref> Moatlhodi yo o okametseng [[Cuno Tarfusser]] le Moatlhodi [[Geoffrey Henderson]] ba ne ba atlhola gore a gololwe; Moatlhodi [[Olga Carbuccia]] o ne a ntsha kgopolo e e sa dumalaneng le bone.<ref name=":17" /> Ba le bantsi mo teng ga Ivory Coast ba ne ba keteka go gololwa ga ga Gbagbo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-46881807/crowds-react-to-ivory-coast-s-ex-president-laurent-gbagbo-s-release "Crowds react to Ivory Coast's ex-President Laurent Gbagbo's release"]. BBC News. 15 January 2019. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Amnesty International e biditse go gololwa ga ga Gbagbo le Blé Goudé "go swabisa mo go botlhoko mo batswasetlhabelong ba tirisodikgoka ya morago ga ditlhopho kwa Cote d'Ivoire" mme ya lemoga gore Ofisi ya Mosekisi e ka nna ya ikuela.<ref>[https://www.amnestyusa.org/press-releases/cote-divoire-acquittal-of-gbagbo-and-ble-goude-a-crushing-disappointment-to-victims-of-post-election-violence/ Cote d'Ivoire: Acquittal of Gbagbo and Blé Goudé a crushing disappointment to victims of post-election violence], Amnesty International (15 January 2018).</ref> Ditsheko kgatlhanong le Gbagbo e ne e le tsa ntlha kgatlhanong le tlhogo ya naga tse di dirilweng ke ICC, mme go palelwa ga ICC go bona Gbagbo molato wa ditiro tse di setlhogo tsa bontsi go ne ga bolelwa ke basekaseki go senya thata go ikanyega ga ICC jaaka kgotlatshekelo ya bofelo.<ref>Holligan, Anna (15 January 2019). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46874517 "Laurent Gbagbo case: Ivory Coast leader's acquittal rattles ICC foundations"]. ''BBC News''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref><ref>Searcey, Dionne; Karasz, Palko (15 January 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/15/world/africa/laurent-gbagbo-ivory-coast-icc.html "Laurent Gbagbo, Former Ivory Coast Leader, Acquitted of Crimes Against Humanity"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times]]''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> === Boikuelo === Lekoko la ICC (Kgotlatshekelo ya Bosenyi ya Boditshabatshaba) e ne ya laela gore Gbagbo a gololwe ka bonako, mme Phaposi ya Boikuelo ya ICC e ne ya laela gore Gbagbo a nne mo kgolegelong go fitlha go sekasekwa boikuelo jwa basekisi ba ICC kgatlhanong le go gololwa ga ga Gbagbo.<ref name=":18" /> Ka Tlhakole a rogwa ka 2019, o ne a gololwa morago ga gore Phaposi ya Boikuelo ya ICC e neele Gbagbo kgololo e e nang le maemo mo kgolegelong; o ne a letleletswe go nna kwa Belgium, mme o ne a tshwanetse go nna teng go boela kwa kgotlatshekelo,<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-warcrimes-ivorycoast/ex-ivory-coast-president-gbagbo-conditionally-released-to-belgium-court-idUSKCN1PU2ET "Ex-Ivory Coast President Gbagbo conditionally released to Belgium: court"]. ''Reuters''. 5 February 2019.</ref> mme o ne a sa kgone go tswa kwa Belgium.<ref name=":20">Mike Corder, [https://apnews.com/c00f3edafa411b15d7ff359cd547e1b1 Lawyers to ICC: Free Ivory Coast’s Gbagbo unconditionally], Associated Press (6 February 2020).</ref> Babueledi ba ga Gbagbo ba ne ba dira boikuelo kwa ICC gore Gbagbo a gololwe kwantle ga mabaka ape.<ref name=":20" /> Ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi ka 2020, Kgotlatshekelo ya Bosenyi ya Boditshabatshaba e ne ya neela Gbagbo tetla ya go tswa kwa Belgium fa go ka fitlhelelwa maemo mangwe. Ka nako eo, go ne go sa itsiwe gore a o tla letlwa go boela kwa Côte d'Ivoire.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/icc-allows-former-coast-president-gbagbo-leave-belgium-220247856.html "ICC allows former I.Coast president Gbagbo to leave Belgium"]. ''news.yahoo.com''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Ka la Phalane a le masome mararo ka 2020, Gbagbo o rile ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Ivory Coast tsa 2020 di tlisa "masetlapelo" mo lefatshengng, mo ditshwaelong tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tsa phatlalatsa fa e sale a menolwa ka 2011. O ne a neela potsolotso kwa Belgium, kwa a neng a letetse ditiragalo tsa ditsheko kgatlhanong le ene.<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-sg/news/world/ex-i-coast-president-gbagbo-warns-of-disaster-in-upcoming-vote/ar-BB1aw1Qf?bep_ref=1&bep_csid=23298 "Ex-I.Coast president Gbagbo warns of 'disaster' in upcoming vote"]. ''www.msn.com''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Ka Mopitlo 2021, ICC e ne ya tshegetsa go gololwa ga ga Gbagbo. Ka bonako morago ga moo, Ouattara o ne a bolela gore o gololesegile go boela kwa Côte d'Ivoire.<ref name=":19" /> === Go boela kwa Cote d'Ivoire === Morago ga go netefadiwa gore o golotswe mo molatong, tautona wa ga jaana wa Ivory Coast Alassane Ouattara, mmaba wa ga Gbagbo, o ne a mo laletsa go boela kwa Côte d'Ivoire.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57471468 "Ivory Coast's ex-President Gbagbo returns home after ICC acquittal"]. ''BBC News''. 17 June 2021. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> O gorogile kwa Abidjan ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bosupa 2021, ka sefofane sa kgwebo go tswa kwa Brussels, kwa a neng a nna teng dingwaga di le tharo tse di fetileng morago ga go gololwa mo kgolegelong.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57471468 "Ivory Coast's ex-President Gbagbo returns home after ICC acquittal"]. ''BBC News''. 17 June 2021. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref><ref name=":21">[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/17/former-president-laurent-gbagbo-returns-to-ivory-coast "Ex-President Laurent Gbagbo back in Ivory Coast after acquittal"]. ''www.aljazeera.com''. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Ouattara o ne a mo rulaganyetsa pasa ya botsalano, mme a mo solofetsa melemo e e tlwaelegileng go newa botautona ba pele, go akaretsa le tshireletso e e tlamelwang ke puso le phenshene ya puso.<ref name=":21" /> Batho ba ba neng ba utlwana le Gbagbo ba le barataro ba pele le bone ba ne ba boa morago ga go fetsa dingwaga di le dintsi kwa lejwa morago ga go rotloediwa ke tautona wa gone jaana Ouattara.<ref>[https://www.rfi.fr/en/africa/20210614-three-key-factors-behind-laurent-gbagbo-s-return-to-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-alassane-ouattara-politics-elections-africa "Three key factors behind Laurent Gbagbo's return to Côte d'Ivoire"]. ''rfi.fr''. 14 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-ouattara-afirma-gbagbo-ble-goude-pueden-volver-costa-marfil-cuando-quieran-ser-absueltos-tpi-20210407152003.html "Ouattara afirma que Gbagbo y Blé Goudé pueden volver a Costa de Marfil "cuando quieran" tras ser absueltos por el TPI"]. ''Europa Press International''. 7 April 2021.</ref> Ka Phalane 2021, Gbagbo o ne a simolola lekoko le lesha la sepolotiki le le bidiwang African People's Party – Cote d'Ivoire (PPA-CI).<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20211016-gbagbo-takes-new-step-to-i-coast-presidency-as-new-party-holds-congress "Gbagbo takes new step to I.Coast presidency as new party holds congress"]. ''France 24''. 16 October 2021.</ref> Ka Sedimonthole 2021, o ne a fetsa malatsi a le mane kwa Ghana. Go ya ka pego go tswa kwa lekokong la gagwe, o ne a ya koo go tsenelela phitlho ya ga Captain [[Kojo Tsikata]], monna yo o atamalaneng le tautona wa pele wa Ghana [[Jerry Rawlings]]. Laurent Gbagbo le ene o ne a etela batshwarwa ba Ivory Coast, ba a neng a batla gore ba boele kwa lefatsheng fa e sale ka mathata a Ivory Coast, batho ba l dikete tse lesome le motso ba Ivory Coast ba ne ba tshaba mathata a morago ga ditlhopho go ya go batla botshabelo kwa lefatsheng le le mabapi la Ghana.<ref>[https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211214-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-laurent-gbagbo-veut-le-retour-des-exil%C3%A9s-ivoiriens-au-ghana "Côte d'Ivoire: Laurent Gbagbo veut le retour des exilés ivoiriens au Ghana"]. ''rfi.fr''. 14 December 2021.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231204140838/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Laurent-Gbagbo-eulogizes-Kojo-Tsikata-and-Rawlings-during-a-visit-to-Ghana-1425052 "Laurent Gbagbo eulogizes Kojo Tsikata and Rawlings during a visit to Ghana"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 16 December 2021.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le lesome ka 2024, Gbagbo o ne a bolela gore o tla tsenelela ditlhopho gape tsa go nna tautona jaaka moeteledipele wa PPA-CI mo ditlhophong tse di tla tshwarwang ka Phalane 2025.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20240310-former-ivory-coast-president-gbagbo-agrees-to-run-in-2025-election "Former Ivorian president Gbagbo agrees to run in 2025 election"]. ''France 24''. 10 March 2024.</ref> O ne a sa akarediwa mo lenaaneng la bofelo la bontlhopheng le le golotsweng ka Seetebosigo 2025.<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/ivory-coast-president-elections-thiam-ea70420e6bade3c8f13d6d6109d2ab57 "Ivory Coast opposition leader Thiam is excluded from the list of presidential candidates"]. ''AP News''. 5 June 2025. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> Gbagbo o ne a pega kgetse kwa Kgotlatshekelong ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa Setho le Batho, a latofatsa puso ya Ivory Coast ka go gataka ditshwanelo tsa gagwe ka go gana go nna ntlhopheng ka ntlha ya go bonwa molato wa bosenyi, e kgotlatshekelo e neng ya e kgaphela kwa thoko.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2025/06/28/ivory-coast-african-union-court-deals-heavy-blow-to-gbagbos-fresh-presidency-bid/ "Ivory Coast: African Union court deals heavy blow to Gbagbo's fresh presidency bid"]. ''Africanews''. 28 June 2025. E nopotswe Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == ni9jbztmde0pl426e7ma4n3n06qrzds 0 10843 50568 41412 2026-06-13T09:07:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50568 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lentswe'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.northwestnewspapers.co.za/lentswe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-25 |archive-date=2025-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725084324/https://www.northwestnewspapers.co.za/lentswe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ke '''kolometse ya moagisanyo''' e e rulagantsweng mo Porofenseng ya Bokone Bophirima kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]]. E rulagantswe gangwe ka beke mme e abelwa mo metseselegae e e jaaka '''[[Klerksdorp]]''', '''[[Stilfontein]]''', '''[[Orkney]]''', '''[[Kanana]]''', le '''[[Jouberton]]'''. Lefelo la kolometse ena le fitlhelelwa ko kagong ya ''[[Klerksdorp Record]]''<ref>https://www.northwestnewspapers.co.za/klerksdorprecord/</ref>'','' mo mmileng wa Ian wa 125. Pampiri eno e fa batho ditaba tsa mo lefelong, mekgwa ya setshaba, dipolotiki, le matsapa a baagi. Lekwalodikgang leno le anamisa dikhopi di ka nna 14 250<ref>[https://localadvertiser.co.za/northwest/lentswe/#:~:text=The%20Lentswe%20is%20the%20reliable,%2C%20Manzilpark%2C%20Orkney%2C%20Stilfontein. https://localadvertiser.co.za/northwest/lentswe/#:~:text=The%20Lentswe%20is%20the%20reliable,%2C%20Manzilpark%2C%20Orkney%2C%20Stilfontein.]</ref> beke le beke ka Labone. Lekwalodikgang lena le tlhomilwe ka 2007. === Diteng === Lentswe e akaretsa ditlhong tse di farologaneng jaaka: * Ditaba tsa motse * Dipolotiki tsa mo lefelong * Dipapatso tsa bagwebi * ditiragalo tsa sechaba * Mapheko a dithuto le dipapadi === Setswhantsho sa puo === Kolometse eno e dirisa puo ya [[Seesemane]] le [[Setswana]]. Ke go rotloetsa tshedimosetso mo bathong ba ba farologaneng, mo di tikilogong tse farologaneng tse akaretsang ditaba tsa baagi ba tikilogo eo. === Botlhokwa === Lentswe ke nngwe ya dikolometse tse di tshwanetseng ke go rotloetsa kitsiso mo lefelong. Ke go fa baagi, mmino, dipuo, le ditiragalo tse di nang le mosola mo matshelong a bone. Edirwa ke boraditaba ba ba agileng mo lefelong, ba ba itseng ditlhako tsa baagi. == Metswedi == [[Category:South African community newspapers]] [[Category:Community newspapers]] [[Category:South Africa]] [[Category:Klerksdorp]] [[Category:North West Province South Africa]] af8zf8gw0p4lvvdvd8avfx44c4atdyk 0 10951 50560 42135 2026-06-13T08:17:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50560 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Women's History Month Wikimedia UK 2022 banner.png|thumb|Kgwedi ya hisetori ya basadi ya Wikimedia UK ya 2022]] '''Kgwedi ya Basadi''' ke moletlo wa ngwaga le ngwaga o o diretsweng go lemoga le go keteka seabe le ditshwaelo tse di botlhokwa tsa basadi mo hisetoring yotlhe mmogo le mo setšhabeng sa segompieno.<ref name=":0">https://www.womenshistory.org/womens-history/womens-history-month</ref> E dira jaaka paka e e tsepameng go tlhagisa diphitlhelelo tsa basadi, go buelela tekatekano ya bong, le go samagana le dikgwetlho tse basadi ba tswelelang go lebana le tsona lefatshe ka bophara.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">https://www.gov.za/womens-month</ref> Tshimologo ya kgwedi ya hisetori ya basadi e ka bonwa morago kwa dingwageng tsa 1970 kwa United States fa e ne e simolola e le beke ya hisetori ya basadi kwa sedikeng sa Sonoma, California, e e neng e tsamaisana le letsatsi la boditšhaba la basadi ka Mopitlwe 8.<ref name=":2">https://www.un.org/en/observances/womens-day</ref> E ne ya amogelwa semmuso jaaka kgwedi ya hisitori ya basadi ka 1987, ke khonkerese ya Amerika ka 1987, ka dikgoeletso tsa go keteka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe go tlotla tlhotlheletso ya basadi mo hisetoring yotlhe ya Amerika le mo setšhabeng.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Botlhokwa jwa kgwedi ya basadi == === Aforika Borwa === Mo dinageng di le dintsi, go akaretsa le [[Aforika Borwa]], segopotso sa basadi se atologela go feta kgwedi go akaretsa kgwedi e e neetsweng ya basadi, e e ketekwang ka Phatwe.<ref name=":1" /> Aforika Borwa e tshwaya kgwedi ya basadi go gopola mogwanto wa hisetori wa basadi ba ba fetang 20 000 go ya kwa Union Buildings kwa [[Pretoria (Pitori)|Pitori]] ka 9 Phatwe 1956, ba ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le melao e e gatelelang ya go fetisa metlha ya tlhaolele.<ref name=":1" /> Tiragalo eno e tshwantshetsa kganetso e e bogale le maatlafatso e e akarediwang ke basadi ba ba lwelang boipuso le ditshwanelo tse di lekanang. Fa e sale ka 1994, 9 Phatwe e amogetswe jaaka letsatsi la bosetšhaba la basadi mo Aforika Borwa, e le nako e e botlhokwa mo kgweding ya basadi ya go akanya ka ga dikarolo tsa basadi mo setšhabeng, kgatelopele e e dirilweng, le go tlhoka tekatekano go go tswelelang.<ref name=":1" /> Botlhokwa jwa kgwedi ya basadi bo akaretsa dikarolo tse dintsi go akaretsa le go tlotla dikgaratlho tsa hisetori, go keteka katlego ya basadi, le go buelela diphetogo tse di tswelelang tsa loago le tsa semolao.<ref name=":3">https://totalrisksa.co.za/the-significance-of-womens-day/</ref> Ke serala sa go samagana le dintlha tse di tswelelang tse di jaaka kgethololo e e ikaegileng ka bong, go tlhoka tekatekano ga ikonomi, dikgwetlho tsa boitekanelo tse di jaaka dikankere tse di kgethegileng tsa basadi, le tirisodikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |url=https://cge.org.za/does-south-africa-need-womens-month/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-08-27 |archive-date=2025-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928033217/https://cge.org.za/does-south-africa-need-womens-month/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ditiragalo le matsholo mo pakeng e gantsi di akaretsa ditiro tsa thuto, go buelela peomolao, le go rotloetsa baagi go rotloetsa temogo le kgato ya ditshwanelo tsa basadi le maatlafatso mo selegae le mo lefatsheng lotlhe.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /> ==== Loago le sepolotiking ==== Lefatshe ka bophara, letsatsi la boditšhabatšhaba la basadi, le le welang mo kgweding ya hisetori ya basadi, le ketekiwa thata ka dingwao tse di farologaneng go ralala dinaga.<ref name=":5">https://www.ef.com/wwen/blog/language/10-ways-international-womens-day-around-the-world/</ref> E akaretsa ditiro tse di jaaka ditshupetso tsa sepolotiki, go aba dimpho, ditiragalo tsa setso, le dikokoano tsa ditlamo tse di tsepamisitseng mogopolo mo boeteledipeleng jwa basadi le tekatekano ya bong. Mmala wa phepole o dirisiwa thata jaaka letshwao la tshiamiso le seriti, fa mebala e mengwe e e tshwanang le botala yone e bontsha tsholofelo. Dinaga dingwe tse di jaaka Russia di amogela letsatsi leno semmuso jaaka letsatsi la boikhutso la setšhaba, mme tse dingwe di rulaganya megwanto e megolo kgotsa meletlo e e tsepameng e e gatelelang maatla a a kopanetsweng le diphitlhelelo tsa basadi.<ref name=":5" /> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Category:Basadi]] [[Category:Phatwe]] [[Category:Letsatsi la basadi]] [[Category:Union Buildings]] [[Category:Basadi ba Aforika Borwa]] syjpgwgvkxkz55pohqy4emz1xapoz60 0 11153 50597 42795 2026-06-13T10:53:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50597 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matli Mohapeloa''' (o tshotswe ka 2 Moranong 1984) ke motshameki wa difilimi wa mo Afrika Borwa. O itsege thata ka go tshameka karolo ya "Dj Ngwazi" mo soap opera ya etv ya Rhythm City, go tloga ka 2007 go fitlha ka 2009.<ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=6626 "Matli Mohapeloa | TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> Gape o tlhageletse mo go Gothia Caper, When We Were Black, Mtunzini.com, Nomzamo, Zabalaza, [[Generations: The Legacy]] le Ak'siSpaza. <ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=6626 "Matli Mohapeloa | TVSA".] ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> == Botshelo le thuto == Mohapeloa o tshotswe ka 2 Moranong 1984 kwa [[Whittlesea]] kwa [[Eastern Cape]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250913084925/https://legends.co.za/actors/matli-mohapeloa/ "Matli Mohapeloa – Legends"]. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> O goletse kwa [[Maseru]], Lesotho. Moragonyana o ne a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Queenstown Queens College Junior le Senior. Ka 2004, Matli o ne a ikwadisa kwa AFDA mme a aloga ka dikirii ya Bachelor of Arts ka 2006. Ka 2005, pele a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe, o ne a saena le Legends Agency mme a bona tiro ya go nna motshameki yo mogolo mo motseletseleng wa boditšhabatšhaba wa Cuppen (Score). O ne a tlhagelela mo dipapatsong tsa difane tse di jaaka Love Life, KFC & SAB. <ref>[https://www.afrodb.com/people/15116/matli-mohapeloa "AfroDB".] ''www.afrodb.com''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> == Tiro == Mohapeloa o ne a dule mo sesupo ditshwantsho sa 2005 ya Gothia Caper mme o ne a na le seabe se segolo mo thelebišeneng ya When We Were Black, ka 2006, e e neng ya gasiwa mo SABC.<ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=6626 "Matli Mohapeloa | TVSA".] ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> O ne gape a tlhagelela mo Mtunzini.com. Ka 2009, o ne a tsenela SABC1 sitcom Nomzamo mo setlheng sa boraro a tshameka Mdu. O ne a tshameka jaaka Moss Cele mo he Mzansi Magic soap opera Zabalaza. Ka 2017, o ne a nna le seabe jaaka Thabiso mo SABC1 soapie Generations: The Legacy. Ka 2021, o ne a tshameka mo go SABC2 sitcom Ak'siSpaza jaaka K4. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Mohapeloa o ne a ratana le Khanyisa Mkangisa. Bobedi ba ne ba na le kamano e e sa tlhomamang mme ba ne ba kgaogana.<ref>Tshegofatso, Princess (2021-08-24). "Matli Mohapeloa Biography: Age, Wife, Net Worth, Girlfriend, Parents, Background, Son, Wikipedia, Pictures". ''TheCityCeleb''. Retrieved 2025-08-20.</ref> == Metswedi == 0k99oe2ctpfdxthljgdlex643v2ftzw 0 11651 50552 44755 2026-06-13T06:58:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50552 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Itumeleng Baldwin Moseki''' (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1940<ref>[http://www.anglicancommunion.org/acns/news.cfm/2000/8/10/ACNS2201 Account of 60th Birthday celebrations]</ref>) e ne e le [[Bishopo wa Kimberley le Kuruman]] wa lesome le bongwe go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1995 go fitlhela a rola tiro ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Incumbency details |url=http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/inventory.php?iid=7526 |access-date=2025-10-28 |archive-date=2007-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109113828/http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/inventory.php?iid=7526 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=News of retirement |url=http://www.oxford.anglican.org/page/2866/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171841/http://www.oxford.anglican.org/page/2866/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gape e ne e le motlhotlheletsi wa bahumanegi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.richmondnc.co.za/Richmond%20Soup%20Kitchen.htm |title=Details of visit to Soup Kitchen |access-date=2025-10-28 |archive-date=2025-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008201749/http://www.richmondnc.co.za/Richmond%20Soup%20Kitchen.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Metswedi == oa685c5iingfcoqlsli60wffe6zjblu 0 11675 50603 44287 2026-06-13T11:19:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Michaella Russell|birth_place=[[Johannesburg]], [[South Africa]]|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|occupation=Actress, TV presenter|years active=2012–present}} '''Michaella Russell''' ke [[modiragatsi]] wa mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. O tumile thata ka seabe sa gagwe sa 'Charlie Holmes' mo polelong e e tumileng ya thelebišene ya Isidingo.<ref name=":0">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=16387 "Michaella Russell bio"]. ''tvsa''. 24 November 2020. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele == Russell o tsholetswe mo Aforika Borwa. Rraagwe e ne e le mokgweetsi wa sefofane sa ntwa yo o neng a falola kotsi ya sefofane mme a sala a robegile lerapo la mokwatla le go latlhegelwa ke kgopolo ka ntlha ya go senyega ga boboko.^{[<nowiki/>[[go tlhokega nopolo]]]} O na le kgaitsadie a le mongwe. Malomaagwe ke moletsi wa katara ya jazz. O ne a ithuta dithuto tse pedi tsa Neuropsychology le Itsholelo. O ne a na le bothata jwa go ja go tloga a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano go fitlha a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le bobedi.<ref>[https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/13-fun-facts-michaella-russell/ "13 Fun Facts About Michaella Russell"]. ''People Magazine''. 24 November 2020. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Tiro == Tiragatso ya ntlha ya ga Russell mo bobogelong e ne e le fa a le dingwaga di le robedi kgotsa robongwe. Ka 2013, o ne a nna leloko la batshameki ba filimi e e tumileng ya Aforika Borwa ya ''[[Isidingo]]'' koo a neng a tshameka karolo ya go tshegetsa ya 'Charlie Holmes' gone.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2016, o ne a nna mogasi wa thelebišene wa thulaganyo ya thelebišene ya Funatix.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211101230502/https://legends.co.za/model/michaella-russel/ "Michaella Russel Personal Biography"]. ''legends''. 24 November 2020. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2017, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya ''Next Assignment Code Blue''. == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo !Genre !Ref. |- |2017 |''Next Assignment: Project X'' |Jess |Short film | |- |2019 |''Agent'' |Mila Dior |TV series | |- |2020 |''It's Not You, It's Me'' |Electra |Film | |- |2021 |''[[Echoes of Violence]]'' |Marakya |Film | |- |2021 |''Lee'd the Way'' |Barb |Film | |- |2024 |''[[AMFAD All My Friends Are Dead]]'' |<small>TBA</small> |Film |<ref>Kay, Jeremy (18 February 2024). [https://www.screendaily.com/news/film-modes-amfad-all-my-friends-are-dead-scares-up-sales-exclusive/5190718.article "Film Mode's ''#AMFAD All My Friends Are Dead'' scares up sales (exclusive)"]. ''[[:en:Screen_Daily|Screen Daily]]''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> |} == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] n305kprmk95x42orqs924heqqge70qs 0 11715 50553 44678 2026-06-13T07:12:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Jana Strydom|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1980|6|12}}|birth_place=[[South Africa]]|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|alma mater=[[Tshwane University of Technology]]|occupation=Actress, Television presenter, Voice over artist, MC|years active=1999–present|height=1.69 m}} '''Jana Strydom''' (o tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi 1980) ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa, mogasi wa thelebišene, motaki wa lentswe le Motsamaisa Tiro.<ref name=":1">[https://www.talentfinders.com/profiles/view/31/jana_strydom "Jana Strydom: :Talent Finders"]. ''www.talentfinders.com''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> O itsege thata ka dikarolo tse a di tshamekang mo difiliming tsa thelebišene jaaka; ''7de Laan'', ''Egoli:'' ''Place of Gold'', ''Swartwater'', ''Erfsondes'' le ''Arendsvlei''.<ref>Nkosi, Joseph; MA. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211117181416/https://thenation.co.za/bio/jana-strydom-biography/ "Jana Strydom biography - The Nation"]. Archived from [https://thenation.co.za/bio/jana-strydom-biography/ the original] on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/Bekendes/Ons-Praat-Met/fotos-uit-aktrise-jana-strydom-se-album-20170914 "Foto's uit aktrise Jana Strydom se album"]. ''Sarie'' (in Afrikaans). Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Strydom o tshotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi 1980 mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0" /> Fa a sena go fetsa marematlou, Strydom o ne a ya go bereka kwa Yuropa dingwaga di le pedi. Morago ga moo o ne a boela kwa Aforika Borwa mme a ikwadisa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Thekenoloji ya Tshwane]]. Moragonyana o ne a aloga ka Cum Laude ka diploma ya B-Tech ya Drama.<ref name=":2">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=7326&sr=1 "Jana Strydom : TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Tiro == O simolotse tiro ya drama ka ditlhagiso tse dintsi tsa bobogelo go tloga ka 2001 go fitlha ka 2003 go akaretsa; ''Medea'', ''Vandag Mo Beeld'', ''Maid in the New South Africa'', ''Hamlet Machine'', ''Beauty and The Beast'', ''A Woman Alone'', ''Die Invloed'' le ''Die Vrou Uit Die See''.<ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211117181408/https://talent-etc.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/JANA-STRYDOM-KRUGER-CV.pdf "Jana Strydom career"] (PDF). ''talent-etc.co.za''. Archived from [https://talent-etc.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/JANA-STRYDOM-KRUGER-CV.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2004, o ne a gapa Sekgele sa Crystal sa Makasine wa People sa Motho yo o Gaisang yo o sa tswang go tsena mo drameng ya Aforika Borwa. Go sa le jalo, o bereketse Franz Marx Films dingwaga di le mmalwa. Ka 2009, o ne a tsenelela le batshameki ba paka ya bolesome ya motshameko wa M-Net wa ''Egoli: Place of Gold'', koo a neng a tshameka karolo ya "Marcelle Crafford".<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250718100524/https://hdsentertainment.co.za/jana-strydom/ "Jana Strydom: HDS"]. 10 February 2017. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Seabe seo se ne sa ratwa thata ke batho, koo a neng a tswelela go tshameka seabe se go fitlha ka paka ya bolesome. Go sa le jalo, o ne a gasa le go tshwara thulaganyo ya dipuisano ya ''Lifestyle''.<ref name=":3" /> Ka 2007, o ne a tshameka karolo ya "Kate Ferreira" mo motseletseleng wa drama wa SABC2 wa ''Erfsondes''.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a tswelela go tshameka karolo eo dingwaga di le thataro ka go latelana ka dipaka di le thataro go fitlha ka 2017.<ref name=":2" /> Ka bobedi 2010 le 2013, o ne a tlhophelwa Kabo ya Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo setlhopheng sa Drama ya TV kwa Dikabong tsa Difilimi le Thelebišene tsa Aforika Borwa (SAFTA).<ref name=":5">[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4248946/awards "Jana Strydom accolades"]. ''IMDb''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Fa nako e ntse e ya, o ne a tsenelela Danie Odendal Produksies. Ka fa tlase ga folaga ya bone, o ne a tshameka karolo ya "Helena Moolman" mo setshwantshong sa SABC2 sa ''7de Laan''. Ka 2013, o ne a tlhagelela mo motseletseleng wa drama wa nako ya [[kykNET]] wa ''Donkerland'' ka seabe sa "Thea de Jager".<ref name=":4" /> Morago ga moo o ne a tsenya letsogo ka letsholo la boditšhabatšhaba la Samsung. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne a gapa Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang kwa Moletlong wa Difilimi wa Silwerskerm wa 2013 ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe mo filiming e khutshwane ya ''Vashou Ding''.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Gape o ne a bona dietsele di le tharo tse di eletsegang tsa ATKeertjie ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ka 2010, 2011 le 2013.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250520131630/http://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/jana-strydom/1698 "Jana Strydom"]. ''afternoonexpress.co.za''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2014 o ne a tsenelela motseletsele wa drama ya SABC2 ''Swartwater'' mme a tshameka karolo ya "Karen le Roux",<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/love-thy-name-be-sorrow-1649990 "Love, thy name be sorrow..."] ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 29 Phalane 2025.</ref> kwa a neng a tlhophiwa go bona Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo setlhopheng sa drama ya TV kwa SAFTA ya 2015. Mme ka 2016, o ne a tlhagelela mo drameng ya kykNET ''Getroud met rugby'' ka seabe sa "Gasspeler".<ref name=":4" /> Mo dingwageng tse di fetileng, o ne a tshameka dikarolo tsa tshegetso mo difiliming tse dintsi tsa thelebišene jaaka; mo go ''Die Boland Moorde'' e le "Katinka", mo pakeng ya bone ya ''Suidooster'' e le "Vivienne Venter", mo ''Arendsvlei'' e le "Eloise de Villiers" ka dipaka tse pedi, le mo go ''Die Spreeus'' e le "Debra".<ref name=":1" /> Ka 2015, o ne a tshameka mo filiming e e tlhagelelang ya ''Treurgrond'' a na le seabe se segolo sa "Helena Schoeman". Filimi e ne ya akgolwa ke batshwayadiphoso mme Strydom o ne a gapa Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo Seabeng se se Etelelang Pele kwa Moletlong wa Difilimi wa RapidLion ka 2017. Mme ka 2018, o ne a gapa Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang yo o Tshegetsang mo Filiming ya Puo ya Seeng] ka ntlha ya seabe se se tshwanang kwa Moletlong wa International Filmmaker Festival of World Cinema, Milan.<ref name=":5" /> Ka 2020, o ne a dira karolo ya tshegetso jaaka "Retha" mo pakeng ya boraro ya drama e nngwe ya kykNET ''Fynskrif''.<ref name=":3" /> Ka ngwaga oo, o ne a dira mo motseletseleng wa tsamaiso ya mapodisi a kykNET ''Projek Dina'' ka seabe sa "Karen". Ka 2021, o ne a tlhagelela mo motseletseleng wa drama ya ''Afgrond'' mme a tshameka karolo ya "Julia Cilliers".<ref name=":2" /> == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo !Genre !Ref. |- |2007 |''Erfsondes'' |Kate Ferreira |TV series | |- |2009 |''[[Egoli: Place of Gold]]'' |Marcelle |TV series | |- |2012 |''Everyman's Taxi'' |Take-away lady |Film | |- |2013 |''Vashou-ding'' |Woman |Short film | |- |2013 |''Donkerland'' |Thea de Jager |TV series | |- |2013 |''Geraamtes in die Kas'' |Emma |TV series | |- |2009 |''[[7de Laan]]'' |Helena Moolman |TV series | |- |2014 |''Swartwater'' |Karen le Roux |TV series | |- |2014 |''Konfetti'' |Martine Voste |Film | |- |2014 |''[[Leading Lady]]'' |Linda van der Merwe |Film | |- |2014 |''Alles Wat Mal Is'' |Esme Steyn |Film | |- |2015 |''Treurgrond'' |Helena Schoeman |Film | |- |2015 |''Verskietende Ster'' |Maria Schuman |Film | |- |2015 |''Hartloop'' |Janke |Short film | |- |2016 |''[[Getroud met rugby]]'' |Gasspeler |TV series | |- |2017 |''Die Boland Moorde'' |Katinka |TV series | |- |2017 |''An Act of Defiance'' |Shirley Hepple |Film | |- |2018 |''Suidooster'' |Vivienne Venter |TV series | |- |2019 |''Arendsvlei'' |Eloise de Villiers |TV series | |- |2019 |''Die Spreeus'' |Debra |TV series | |- |2020 |''Fynskrif'' |Retha |TV series | |- |2020 |''Projek Dina'' |Karen |TV series | |- |2021 |''Afgrond'' |Julia Cilliers |TV series | |} == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] homc0kjxu3r6592npq9ltjwa2kzleok 0 11760 50565 44718 2026-06-13T08:56:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lea Vivier|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|01|15|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->|alma mater=[[Rhodes University]]<br />[[Trinity College London]]|occupation=Actress|years active=2014–present|known for=her role in [[Trackers (TV series)|''Trackers'']]|height=169 cm|spouse(s)={{unbulleted list||{{marriage|Andre Wilkens|2023}}}}|mother=Adri Troskie Vivier|father=Pieter De Bruin Vivier|relatives=[[Trix Vivier]] (sister)|awards=Best Actress at the [[Silwerskerm Film Festival]] (2017)}} '''Lea Vivier''' (yo o tshotsweng Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano 1992) ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa,<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9280166/awards "Lea Vivier"]. ''IMDb''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> yo o itsegeng thata ka seabe sa gagwe sa boeteledipele mo motseletseleng wa ntlha wa [[Showmax]] wa ''[[Dam]]'' (2021)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211116233226/https://stories.showmax.com/lea-vivier-on-embracing-vulnerability-as-a-strength-in-dam/ "Lea Vivier on embracing vulnerability as a strength in DAM"]. ''Showmax Stories''. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> le go tlhagelela ga gagwe mo difiliming tsa ''The Day We Didn't Meet'' (2021) le ''Wonderlus'' (2017)<ref>[[imdbname:9280166|"Lea Vivier"]]. ''IMDb''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == O tsholetswe kwa [[Cape Town]], Aforika Borwa, ke morutabana wa drama Adri Troksie Vivier le mmueledi mogolo Pieter De Bruin Vivier, Lea Vivier e ne e le mongwe wa bana ba le bane. Morwadiarragwe yo mogolo, [[Trix Vivier]], le ene ke modiragatsi, yo o itsegeng ka seabe sa gagwe mo motseletseleng wa thelebišene wa 2019 wa ''Trackers'' o o tserweng mo pading ya ga [[Deon Meyer]].<ref name=":0">[https://briefly.co.za/48719-lea-vivier-age-children-parents-tv-shows-movies-instagram-profile.html "Lea Vivier career"]. ''briefly''. 28 November 2020. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Fa a ne a le kwa Sekolong sa Bobogelo sa Waterfront a ithuta ballet ya bogologolo, mmino wa segompieno, le drama, Vivier o ne a wetsa ngwaga wa katiso ya Puo le Drama kwa [[Trinity College London]].<ref name=":0" /> Fa a sena go wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa materiki kwa [[Sekolong se Segolo sa Jan van Riebeeck]], Vivier o ne a ya kwa Chile, kwa a neng a simolola go bua Spanish sentle gone.<ref>[https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/Bekendes/Ons-Praat-Met/lea-vivier-dis-vir-my-n-tuiskoms-20190320 <nowiki>"Lea Vivier: 'Dis vir my 'n tuiskoms' [It's a homecoming for me]"</nowiki>]. ''SARIE''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Morago ga go boela kwa Aforika Borwa, o ne a fetsa ngwaga kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Motsekapa]] a ithutela Bachelor of Arts. Morago ga moo o ne a fudugela kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Rhodes]], kwa [[Grahamstown|Makhanda (Grahamstown)]], go ya go wetsa dikirii ya gagwe, a dira dithuto tse dikgolo tse tharo tsa Dikwalo tsa Seesemane, Drama, le Dithuto tsa Seburu sa SeDutch ka 2015. == Tiro == Le fa a ne a tlhagelela mo ditlhagisong di le mmalwa tsa bobogelo, tse dingwe tsa tsone di neng di tlhagelela kwa [[Moletlong wa Bosetšhaba wa Bodiragatsi]],<ref>Roberson, Sarah. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250225043418/http://thecritter.co.za/?p=2139 "Plastocracy: Where does it go?"]. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tiro ya ga Vivier ya go diragatsa mo ditshwantshong tsamotshikhinyego e ne ya simolola ka seabe sa gagwe mo filiming ya ''Wonderlus'', e e neng e kaelwa ke Johan Cronje. Tiragatso ya ga Vivier jaaka motlhokomedi wa dijo yo o sa umakiwang ka leina e ne ya dira gore a bone seetsele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang kwa Moletlong wa Difilimi wa Silwerskerm ka 2017<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/all-the-winners-from-the-2017-silwerskerm-film-festival-20170827 "All the winners from the 2017 Silwerskerm Film Festival"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> le go tlhophiwa go nna Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang mo Dietseleng tsa Difilimi tsa Mariga.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9280166/awards "Lea Vivier"]. ''IMDb''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ngwaga o o latelang, o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Louisa mo filiming e khutshwane ya ''Runner'', e a neng a gapa Seetsele sa Moletlo wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Difilimi wa Five Continents ka Moranang 2018. Fa e sa le foo a tlhagelela mo metseletseleng e le mmalwa ya thelebišene le mo difiliming tse di latelanang, go akaretsa le ''Mense Mense'', ''Die Spreeus'', ''Fynskrif'', ''[[Binnelanders]]'', le ''[[The Girl from St Agnes]]''.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2021, Vivier o ne a tsaya karolo e e eteletseng pele mo motseletseleng wa Showmax wa ''Dam'' le wa ga Johan Cronje wa ''The Day We Didn't Meet.'' Bosheng jaana, Vivier o ne a diragatsa jaaka Madeline Evans mo ''Legacy'' ya M-Net, le mo motseletseleng wa Netflix wa ''Ludik'' le ''[[Resident Evil]].'' == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka 2023, o ne a nyala Andre Wilkens fela kwa ntle ga [[Greyton]] kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]].<ref>(15 May 2023). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/celeb-news/lea-vivier-wedding-marriage-honeymoon-actress-dam-showmax-12-may-2023/ Inside DAM actress Lea Vivier’s dreamy wedding and honeymoon] ''The South African''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Banyalani ba ba nna kwa Lisbon kwa Portugal.<ref>(27 May 2025). [https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/lea-vivier-vertel-uit-portugal-jy-dra-altyd-n-stukkie-van-suid-afrika-saam-in-jou-hart-20250527 Lea Vivier vertel uit Portugal: ‘Jy dra altyd ’n stukkie van Suid-Afrika saam in jou hart’ ''Sarie'']. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Bodiragatsi == === Filimi === {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo |- |2017 |''Wonderlus'' |Waitress |- |2018 |''Runner'' (short) |Louisa |- |2021 |''The Day We Didn't Meet'' |Alex Webb |} '''Thelebishine''' {| class="wikitable" !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo |- |2018 |''Die Kasteel'' |Jade Smit |- |2018 |''Mense Mense'' |Salomé Muller |- |2018 |''Kampkos'' |as self |- |2018 |''The Docket'' |Steffie |- |2018 |''[[Binnelanders]]'' |Lika Bosch |- |2019 |''[[The Girl from St. Agnes]]'' |Amy Eliason |- |2019 |''Die Spreeus'' |Emmie |- |2019 |''Fynskrif (Fine Print)'' |Lilani du Toit |- |2020 |''Projek Dina'' |Sonya De Jager |- |2021 |''Dam'' |Yola Fischer |- |2021 |''Troukoors (Wedding Fever)'' |Lizelle |- |2021 |''Die Sentrum'' |Daleen le Roux |- |2022 |''Die Byl'' |Azel Maritz |- |2022 |''Legacy'' |Madeleine Evans |- |2022 |''Ludik'' |Louise Ludik |- |2022 |''[[Resident Evil]]'' |Susana Franco |- |2022-2024 |''Diepe Waters'' |Meghan |- |2025 |''Die Nuusmakers'' |Melanie Palmer |} == Dietsele == 2018 '''Best Lead Actress in a Short Film''' at the Five Continents International Film Festival<ref>[https://www.ficocc.com/ficocc-14 "FICOCC #14"]. ''festival'' (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> 2017 '''Best Actress''' at the [[Silwerskerm Film Festival]]<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/all-the-winners-from-the-2017-silwerskerm-film-festival-20170827 "All the winners from the 2017 Silwerskerm Film Festival"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Metswedei == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] sbc3oqt4ogr3qnv0hx0twzfrlkboreq 0 11783 50533 44580 2026-06-13T00:46:14Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Athanase Matenda Kyelu|birth_place=[[Zaire]] kwa e leng [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]|occupation=Mopolotiki|image=Athanase Matenda Kyelu, IMF 2007.jpg}} '''Athanase Matenda Kyelu''' ke mopolotiki wa kwa Congo.<ref>[https://www.sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/kabila-names-coalition-government-for-drc/ "Kabila names coalition government for DRC | Knowledge for Development".]</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240307143735/https://www.news24.com/news24/old-ministers-in-new-cabinet-20081027 "Old ministers in new cabinet".] Archived from the original on 2024-03-07.</ref> Go tswa ka Ngwanatsele 2007 go tsena Tlhakole 2019, e ne e le tona wa madi  mo dipusong tsa ga Gizenga I, Gizenga II le Muzito. Matenda ke leloko la [[Unified Lumumbist Party]].<ref>[https://www.smh.com.au/world/new-cabinet-sworn-in-in-dr-congo-20081102-5g0w.html "New cabinet sworn in in DR Congo".] ''The Sydney Morning Herald''. 2008-11-01. Retrieved 2025-10-31</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == === Botshelo jwa pele le thuto === Matenda ke sealogane sa itsholelo go tswa kwa University of Kinshasa kwa DRC. == Tsa Pereko == Matenda e ne e le mothusa mookamedi wa Federation of Congolese Enterprises (FEC) go fitlhelela ka 2003. Ke leloko la palamente ya diphetogo mo lenaaneng la puso ya phetogo. Pele ga a thapiwa mo pusong ya ga Gizenga, Matenda e ne e le mothusi wa kgaolo ya botlhophi ya Pangi kwa Maniema.<ref>[https://myprivacy.dpgmedia.be/consent?siteKey=atXMVFeyFP1Ki09i&callbackUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.7sur7.be%2Fprivacy-gate%2Faccept-tcf2%3FredirectUri%3D%252Fmonde%252Fcomposition-du-gouvernement-muzito%7Eaf49be8a%252F "Composition du gouvernement Muzito"]. ''7sur7.be'' (in French). 2008-11-02. Retrieved 2025-10-31</ref><ref name=":1">Matenda Kyelu, Athanase (2013). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20250223035653/https://docassas.u-paris2.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/146790b3-be58-440a-ae21-f4fe4161d021?inline L'introduction de la TVA en République démocratique du Congo: contribution à une théorie critique de la décision fiscal]e'' (Thèse de doctorat thesis). Paris; 1970-2021, France: Université Panthéon-Assas.</ref> Ka 2013, o ne a bua ka tshekatsheko ya gagwe ya doctoral ya molao ka taelo ya ga Jean-Claude Martinez.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2021, Matenda o ne a etelela pele phathi ya sepolotiki ya Alliance of Builders for an Emerging Congo. Phathi e ne ya nna bontlha jwa kopano e e emang Félix Tshisekedi  nokeng ya Sacred Union.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == 7w9usfd49l310mrvqmz9hf8loenisau 0 11876 50532 45480 2026-06-13T00:31:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox pageant titleholder|title=[[Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe 1974]] <br>Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa 1974|competitions=Mohumagatsana wa Boenjenere wa 1973<br>(Mofenyi)<br>Mohumagatsana wa Rag Queen 1973<br>(Mofenyi)<br>Mohumagatsana wa Teransefala Bokone 1973<br>(Mofenyi)<br> [[Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa Aforika Borwa 1974]]<br><nowiki>inner[br>r 1974]]</nowiki><br>(Mofenyi wa ntlha/Mofenyi)|alma_mater=[[mmadikolo wa Pretoria]]|birth_date={{Letsatsi la matsalo le dingwaga|df=ee|1955|07|28}}|birth_place=[[Pretoria]], [[Porofense ya Transevaal|Transevaal]], [[Kopano ya Aforika Borwa|Aforika Borwa]]|caption=E tserwe senepe ke Gavin|name=Anneline Kriel|occupation=[[Model (motho)|Model]], Modiragatsi|spouse=Peter Bacon1996 ,Phillip Tucker1989-1994 ,Sol Kerzner1980-1985}} '''Anneline Kriel''' (o tshotswe ka Phukwi e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka 1955)ke modiragatsi wa Aforika Borwa, motlelara le motshwari wa setlhogo sa kgaisano ya bontle yo o fentseng [[:en:Miss_South_Africa|Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa ka 1974]] mme moragonyana a rwesiwa korone sya [[:en:Miss_World_1974|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe ka 1974]]. Ke wa bobedi mo basading ba le bararo ba Aforikaborwa go tshwara sekgele sa Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe morago ga ga [[:en:Penelope_Coelen|Penelope Coelen]] ka 1950 le [[:en:Rolene_Strauss|Role Coelen]] ka 2014. o fitlheletse maemo a "setshwantsho" moo a neng a itsege jaaka setshwantsho sa "[[:en:Princess_Diana|Kgosigadi Diana]]" mme gape a tlhagelela mo diporojekeng di le mmalwa tsa difilimi le disupaditshwantsho tsa selegae tse di jaaka [[:en:Kill_and_Kill_Again|Kill and Kill Again]] ka 1981.<ref name=":0">[https://www.karenbartlett.co.uk/articles/A%20Race%20Apart.pdf A race apart: the beauty queens of the apartheid era The Times.] 25 January 2010</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/16/world/apartheid-s-end-transforms-beauty-show.html?searchResultPosition=5 Apartheid's End Transforms Beauty Show The New York Times.] 16 September 1993</ref>Gape o ne a le mo lenyalong la maemo a a kwa godimo (1980-1985) le moswi rahotele wa Aforika Borwa, [[:en:Sol_Kerzner|Sol Kerzner]]. == Botshelo le thuto == Kriel o tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Pretoria|Pretoria]] mo lelapeng la ma-[[:en:Afrikaner|Afrikaner]] mme a golela kwa toropong ya meepo ya [[:en:Witbank|Witbank]], morwadia mmmereki wa kgolegelo.<ref name=":0" /> Kriel le bomonnawe ba babedi ba weditse dithuto tsa bone kwa Hoërskool Generaal Hertzog.[<nowiki/>[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|nopolo e a tlhokega]]] Fa a ne a le moithuti, Kriel o ne a nna kwa Huis Asterhof (e e kileng ya bo e bidiwa Vergeet-my-nie) fa a ntse a ithuta tsa metshameko kwa [[:en:University_of_Pretoria|mmadikolo wa Pretoria]].[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|nopolo e a tlhokega]]] Fa a le kwa mmadikolo, o ne a rwesiwa korone ya Kgosigadi ya [[:en:Rag_(student_society)|Rag]] mme a fenya kgaisano ya Mohumagatsana wa Teransefala Bokone.[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|nopolo e a tlhokega]]] == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Ka 1974, a le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe , Kriel o ne a fenya kgaisano ya bontle jwa [[:en:Miss_South_Africa|Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://www.jacarandafm.com/shows/drive/exclusive-former-miss-world-1974-joins-rob-and-roz-mauritius/ EXCLUSIVE: Former Miss World 1974 joins Rob and Roz in Mauritius] Jacaranda FM. 25 January 2023</ref>O ne a newa setlhogo sa Miss World ka one ngwaga oo, morago ga gore kwa tshimologong e nne mofenyi wa ntlha, ka [[:en:Helen_Morgan_(Miss_World)|Helen Morgan]] a ne a kgaolwa ka ntlha ya go nna mme yo o sa nyalwang.<ref>[https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+scandal+that+rocked+Miss+World.-a0121861314 The scandal that rocked Miss World] Western Mail. 2014</ref> Go ne ga nna le kganetsano ya gore Kriel o ne a rwesiwa korone, mo gare ga kgalemo ya [[:en:Apartheid|tlhaolele]] mo Aforika Borwa. Seopedi le moatlhodi wa kgaisano, [[:en:Shirley_Bassey|Shirley Bassey]], o ne a ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le go rwesiwa korone ga ga Kriel .<ref name=":0" />O ne a katisiwa go tila go araba dipotso tsa sepolotiki ka lefatshe la gaabo.<ref name=":1" /> Moragonyana o ne a dumela gore o goletse mo tikologong e e sireletsegileng e e nang le bobegadikgang jo bo tlhotlhomisitsweng le kitso e nnye ya botshelo mo metsesetoropong ya batho bantsho ya Aforika Borwa; "Ke ne ke na le dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe. Ke ne ke se na molato gotlhelele. Fa kgabagare ke ya kwa Amerika ba ne ba mpotsa mo sesupaditshwantshong gore a ke akanya gore mongwe le mongwe mo lefatsheng la gaetsho o itumetse — mme ka re ee, ke ne ke akanya gore mongwe le mongwe o ne a itumetse. Ka gonne ke ne ke akanya jalo."<ref name=":0" /> Leeto le ne le gwetlha gape ka gonne Kriel o ne a sa kgone go bua sekgoa sentle ka nako eo, mme o ne a tshwanelwa ke go ranola sekgowa sengwe le sengwe<ref name=":0" /> Go farologana le seo, go ne ga nna le tsibogo e e itumedisang mo go Kriel kwa Aforika Borwa ya gaabo fa a boa kwa lefatsheng.<ref name=":0" /> Ka go tlhoka badiragatsi ba [[:en:Royal_family|segosi]] le ba Hollywood, dikgaisano tsa bontle di ntse di tlhokomelwa thata ke bobegadikgang mo Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":1" />Go ya ka Doreen Levin, mmegadikgang yo o nang le maitemogelo wa [[:en:Sunday_Times_(South_Africa)|Sunday Times]], yo o neng a bega ka dikgaisano di le lesome le borobabobedi tsa Miss South Africa, Kriel e ne e le "moemedi wa Afrika Borwa wa ga [[:en:Diana,_Princess_of_Wales|Kgosigadi Di"]], ka nako ya fa a ne a tumile thata.[ Gape o ne a dira kwa moseja jaaka mmotlelara, a dira kwa [[:en:New_York_City|New York]] dingwaga di le pedi mme a tlhagelela mo dipapatsong di le mmalwa tsa sesupaditshwantsho le dimakasine tsa [[:en:Peroni_Brewery|Birra Peroni]] kwa [[:en:Italy|Italy]]. <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMLQGRpCKII Spot Birra Peroni 1978 Desiderio Matrimonio] YouTube. Accessed on 14 September 2023</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihNKsTPjg8Q Spot Birra Peroni 1979 Bar Uomo calvo] YouTube. Accessed on 14 September 2023</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0o7LnajhJg Anneline Kriel and Family ( Top Billing )] YouTube. Accessed on 15 September 2023</ref> Gape o ne a itumelela katlego nngwe jaaka modiragatsi, a tlhagelela mo filiming ya tiro ya [[:en:Kill_and_Kill_Again|Kill and Kill Again]], mmogo le [[:en:James_Ryan_(actor)|James Ryan]] ka 1981. Gape o ne a tlhagelela mo difiliming di le mmalwa tsa Seaforikanse, difilimi le diterama tsa serala ka bo1970 le bo1980. Ka 1981, Kriel o ne a golola pina ya pop ya "O ne a tlosa di-Romeo tsa me" mme ka 2023 o ne a akanya ka maiteko ano mo potsolotsong; "Ke ka bo ke ratile go nna seopedi. Ke lekile ka He Took Off My Romeos, mme ka lemoga gore ga ke na talente eo. Tsala ya me Marloe Scott Wilson o ne a leka go nthusa, mme go ne go santse go le thata. Moribo e ne e le wa reggae mme o ne o kgatlha, mme o ne o le moša e bile o sa tlwaelega mo go nna."<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250211234525/https://www.vryeweekblad.com/en/lifestyle-and-food/2023-09-01-15-questions-for-anneline-kriel/ 15 questions for Anneline Kriel] Vrye Weekblad. 1 September 2023</ref> Ka 1994, kgatiso ya gagwe ya [[:en:Playboy|Playboy]] South Africa e ne ya rekisiwa ka dikhopi di le 120000 mo malatsing a le lesome, mme e ne ya feta kgatiso ya kgwedi le kgwedi ya 96000.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2010-10-11-playboy-to-try-its-luck-again-in-sa/ Playboy to try its luck again in SA] Sunday Times. 11 October 2010</ref> Ka 2007 o ne a tsenela ngwaga wa bo masome a matlhano wa kgaisano ya Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/2007-12-09-miss-sa-turns-fifty/ Miss SA] turns fifty IOL. December 9, 2007</ref>Mme ka 2017, seaparo sa Krugerrand se Kriel a neng a se apere jaaka moaparo wa gagwe wa bosetšhaba mo kgaisanong ya Miss World ya 1974 se ne sa bewa mo pontshong ya botlhe kwa Prins & Prins Diamonds Museum of Gems and Jewellery kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|toropong ya Cape]] . Ka 2018, Kriel o ne a tsenya moaparo o mongwe wa maitseboa o a neng a o apere mo maitseboeng a Miss World Pageant ya 1974 mo dipontshong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260119144700/https://prinsandprins.com/diamond-museum-in-cape-town/ Prins & Prins Diamonds] Prins & Prins Diamonds. Accessed on 14 September 2023</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a tlhagelela khabareng ya makasine wa batho ba ba tumileng wa Afrika Borwa, [[:en:Huisgenoot|Huisgenoot]] magazine makgetlo a le masome a mararo le boraro.<ref>Engelbrecht, Renate (5 July 2021). [https://www.citizen.co.za/lifestyle/entertainment/celebrity-news/where-is-for-miss-world-anneline-kriel-today/ "Where is former Miss World Anneline Kriel today?"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 19-11-2025.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka 1975, Kriel o ne a tsenngwa mo mathateng fa a ne a tsaya ditshwantsho tsa gagwe a sa apara tse di tserweng ke [[:en:Roy_Hilligenn|Roy Hilligenn]], yo e neng e leRre wa Aforika Borwa wa Kago ya Mmele mo [[:en:Vaal_River|Nokeng ya Vaal]]. Ka nako eo Kriel o ne a le mo malatsing a boikhutso le lekau la gagwe la nako eo, Richard Loring mme ba ne ba kopana le tsala ya ga Loring ya pele, Hilligenn. Hilligenn o ne a phatlalatsa dinepe tseo kwa metsweding ya dikgang le pampiri ya dikgang ya Afrikaans, [[:en:Rapport_(newspaper)|Rapport]] e ne ya phatlalatsa dinepe tseo mo tsebeng e e kwa morago ya pampiri ya dikgang go tila tshekatsheko. <ref>Vosloo, Ton. Oor Grense: 'n Lewe in die media in 'n tyd van verandering. Jonathan Ball. 2018</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/archive/celebs-whose-lives-should-be-turned-into-movies-20130806 Celebs whose lives should be turned into movies] News24. 9 August 2013</ref>E ne ya itsege jaaka tiragalo ya "Sweet Anneline", e bua ka pina e Loring a neng a e kwalela Kriel.<ref>Allan, Jani. "Isn't he lovely". ''[[:en:Sunday_Times_(South_Africa)|Sunday Times]]''. 1982</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtPz4wEMues Sweet Anneline] YouTube. Accessed on 14 September 2023</ref>Ka 1977 Kriel o ne a begwa a na le kamano le Henke Pistorius, rraagwe [[:en:Oscar_Pistorius|Oscar Pistorius]].<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2014-07-01-the-blonde-ambition-of-oscars-dad/ The blonde ambition of Oscar's dad] Sunday Times. 1 July 2014</ref> Pampiri ya bobegadikgang ya [[:en:Beeld|Beeld]] lo begile gore Kriel o ne a le teng fa Henke Pistorius a ne a ipolaya ka phoso fa a ne a phepafatsa tlhobolo ya gagwe.<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/southafrica/9872091/Oscar-Pistorius-murder-charge-live.html Oscar Pistorius murder charge: Feb 15th as it happened] The Telegraph. 15 February 2013</ref> Kriel o nyetse motsamaisi wa hotele wa Afrika Borwa, [[:en:Sol_Kerzner|Sol Kerzner]], ka Sedimonthole 1980<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/image-view/259613172/ "Beauty Weds"]. ''The Guardian''. London and Manchester. 6 December 1980. p. 7. Retrieved 30 October 2024. <q>Anneline Kriel... married... hotel magnate, Mr. Sol Kerzner, yesterday.</q></ref>pele ba tlhalana dingwaga di le tlhano moragonyana.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/27/business/sol-kerzner-dead.html Sol Kerzner, South African Casino Tycoon, Is Dead at 84] The New York Times. 27 March 2020</ref> Kriel o ne a sokologela mo [[:en:Judaism|sejuteng]] kwa [[:en:Switzerland|Switzerland]] fa a ne a nyala morui wa dipitse wa Mojuta wa mo Afrika Borwa, Philip Tucker ka 1989<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=WvR6DT4FrxYC&dq=anneline+kriel+convert+to+Judaism&pg=PA187&redir_esc=y The Adventures of Rabbi Arieh: A Destined Mission Around the World] iUniverse. 2009. pp. 187</ref> ka fa tlase ga tlhokomelo ya [[:en:Rabbi|Rabi]] [[:en:Mordechai_Piron|Mordechai Piron]] (yo ka nako eo e neng e le rabi wa [[:en:Israelitische_Cultusgemeinde_Zürich|Israelitische Cultusgemeinde Zürich (ICZ)]], phuthego e kgolo ya Sejuta kwa Switzerland.)<ref>[[:en:Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency|Miss Israel Goes to Africa Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] 7 December 1992</ref> Rabi yo mogolo wa Afrika Borwa [[:en:Cyril_Harris|Cyril Harris]] o ne a tshwaya Piron phoso ka go fetola bodumedi "a sa botsa rona" mme [[:en:Johannesburg_Beth_Din|Beth Din ya Johannesburg]] e ne ya gana gore banyalani ba nyalane mo sinagogeng ya [[:en:Orthodox_Judaism|Orthodox]]. Morago ga moo ba ne ba nyalana kwa sinagogeng ya [[:en:Reform_Jewish|Reform]].<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-jewish-chronicle/20211217/282020445603935 Miss World weds; a castaway and a cow] The Jewish Chronicle. Accessed on 14 September 2023</ref> Ba ne ba nna kwa [[:en:Johannesburg|Johannesburg]] mme ba nna le barwadi ba le babedi mmogo, Tayla le Whitney. Kriel le Tucker ba ne ba tlhalana ka 1994 mme ntwa ya go nna motlhokomedi wa bana e ne ya laola ditlhogo tsa dikgang mo Afrika Borwa. <ref name=":1" />Tucker o ne a batla gore bana ba sale ba le mo tlhokomelong ya gagwe morago ga gore kgotlatshekelo e neele Kriel tetla ya go fudusetsa lelapa kwa ntlong e kgolo kwa [[:en:Bakoven|Bakoven]] kwa [[:en:Cape_Town|Cape Town]]. Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang e ne ya neela Kriel tshwanelo ya go tlhokomela ngwana mme ya naya Tucker tetla ya go mo etela. Go ya ka taelo ya kgotlatshekelo, bana ba ne ba tla tswelela ba godisediwa mo tumelong ya Sejuta mme ba tswelele ba tsena sekolo sa poraefete sa Sejuta mme ba ne ba tla dirisa dingwe tsa malatsi a boikhutso a Sejuta le rraabone. <ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/2001-03-15-anneline-kriel-wins-custody-battle/ Anneline Kriel wins custody battle] IOL. 15 March 2001</ref>Tucker o ne a tlhokafala mo kotsing kwa legaeng la gagwe kwa Johannesburg ka 2008.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/south-africa/2008-05-30-tuckers-funeral-an-understated-affair/ Tucker's funeral an understated affair] IOL. 30 May 2008</ref><ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2008-05-26-phillip-tucker-exhusband-of-anneline-kriel-found-dead/ Phillip Tucker, ex-husband of Anneline Kriel, found dead] Mail & Guardian. 26 May 2008</ref> Ka 1997, Kriel le monna wa gagwe wa ntlha, Kerzner ba ne ba atlega mo go batleng thibelo kgatlhanong le Jonathan Ball Publishers Ltd. le Allan Breenblo ka ntlha ya Kerzner Unauthorized ya Breenblo, e leng [[:en:Unauthorized_biography|buka e e sa letlelelwang]] ya botshelo jwa ga Kerzner. Ba ne ba bolela gore diteng tsa yone di ne di tla senya leina la bone. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030543/http://www.fxi.org.za/pages/Publications/Medialaw/prohibits.htm South African High Court prohibits the publication of Kerzner Unauthorised] Retrieved on 19-11-25</ref><ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/1997-12-19-thou-shalt-not-publish-and-be-damned/ Thou shalt not publish and be damned] Mail & Guardian. 19 December 1997</ref> Morago ga tlhalo ya gagwe le Tucker, Kriel o ne a nyala Peter Bacon, motsamaisi wa [[:en:Sun_International|Sun International]] yo o tsholetsweng kwa Boritane e bile e ne e le motlhokomedi wa monna wa ga Kriel wa ntlha, Sol Kerzner. Banyalani ba ne ba nna le bomorwadia Kriel kwa Cape Town.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/peter-bacon-he-s-come-from-the-casinos-of-sun-city-to-play-onearmed-bandits-in-britain-546739.html Peter Bacon: He's come from the casinos of Sun City to play one-armed bandits in Britain] The Independent. 19 September 2004</ref> Ka 2007, Kriel o ne a tsamaya le tsala ya gagwe, Denise Goldin kwa tshekong ya polao ya mmolai wa morwa Goldin, motshameki [[:en:Brett_Goldin|Brett Goldin]] le motlhami wa feshene [[:en:Richard_Bloom|Richard Bloom]].<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2007-03-05-goldin-bloom-murder-trial-postponed-to-may/ Goldin, Bloom murder trial postponed to May] Mail & Guardian. 5 March 2007</ref> Kwa Cape Town, Kriel o ne a neela nako ya gagwe mo mokgatlhong o o thusang bana ba mo mebileng.<ref name=":0" /> Kriel o nyatsa puso ya Afrika Borwa, a bua ka [[:en:South_African_farm_attacks|ditlhaselo tsa mo polaseng ya Afrika Borwa]], go sa diriseng dithata sentle le maano a [[:en:Black_Economic_Empowerment|Black Economic Empowerment]]. <ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/mngxitama-tells-anneline-kriel-farm-murders-black-revenge/#:~:text=Kriel%20had%20been%20criticising%20President,in%20the%20International%20Criminal%20Court. "Mngxitama tells Anneline Kriel farm murders are black revenge"]. 24 February 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.businessday.co.za/rdm/politics/2017-02-24-anneline-kriel-and-andile-mgxithama-go-toe-to-toe-over-farm-murders/ "Anneline Kriel and Andile Mngxitama go toe-to-toe over farm murders".]</ref><ref name=":2" />Ga jaana o nna kwa Mauritius le monna wa gagwe wa boraro, Peter Bacon le dintša tsa bone. Morwadie yo mmotlana, Whitney, o nna kwa Los Angeles mme o na le letshwao la diaparo tsa go thuma LAYA kwa Mauritius, fa morwadie yo mogolo, Tayla, e le mokatisi wa dintša kwa Portugal.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://www.news24.com/you/celebs/local/anneline-kriel-at-65-my-magical-life-in-mauritius-20210701 Anneline Kriel at 65: my magical life in Mauritius] YOU. 1 July 2021</ref> == Difilimi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !seabe !Dintlha |- |1973 |''Storieboekmoord'' | |motseletsele wa sesupaditshwantsho |- |1974 |''Somer'' |Linda du Preez |filimi |- |1976-1980 |''Birra Peroni'' | |sesupaditshwantsho |- |1978 |''Iemand Soos Jy'' |Roelien Allman |filimi |- |1981 |''[[:en:Kill_and_Kill_Again|Kill and Kill Again]]'' |Kandy Kane |filimi |- |1981 |''Oh George'' |Amanda |motseletsele wa sesupaditshwantsho |- |1984 |Nako e e sa Siamang ya Ngwaga |Ingrid Barnard |Motshameko wa Seraleng |- |1985 |''The Marriage-Go-Round'' |Katrin |Motshameko wa Seraleng |- |1985 |''Van der Merwe P.I.''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130621051250/http://www.mnetcorporate.co.za/ArticleDetail.aspx?Id=1038 Van der Merwe P.I.] MNET. Retrieved on 15 September 2012</ref> |Angel Labuschagne |filimi |- |1985 |''Skoppensboer'' |Hedda Steger |motseletsele wa sesupaditshwantsho |- |1987 |Ballade vir ' n Enkeling -Setlha sa Ntlha |Alicia Francke |motseletsele wa sesupaditshwantsho |- |1989 |Veels Geluk o Boile ka Boitumelo |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |- |1989 |''The Tangent Affair'' |Venetia Tangent |filimi |- |1990 |Lebaka la go Swa |Lena Wallace |filimi |- |1999 |E Dire Dijo |Ene ka boene |sesupaditshwantsho |- |2017 |Halfuur o ne a kopana le Hanlie |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |- |2019 |''Tussen Ons'' |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |- |2019 |''<nowiki/>'n Huppel in die stap'' |Ene ka boene |sesupaditshwantsho |- |2019 |''Kwela'' |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |- |2021 |''KoppieTeefontein'' |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |- |2023 |''Bravo'' |Ene ka boene |Thulaganyo ya Puisano |} == Metswedi == rkd7y1nqebu0e1fo0fl0jnvppjcjgoi 0 12318 50542 45874 2026-06-13T04:41:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Elinor Sisulu|birth_name=Elinor Batezat|birth_place=[[Salisbury]] [[Rhodesia]]|alma mater=[[University of Zimbabwe]] [[International Institute of Social Studies]]|occupation=Mokwadi le molwela ditshwanelo|notable works=Walter and Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetime|spouse=[[Max Sisulu]]|awards=[[Noma Award for Publishing in Africa]]}} '''Elinor Sisulu''' (o a neng a fana ka Batezat pele) ke mokwadi wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] le motlhami wa lekgotla la Puku Children's Literature Foundation. O ne a fiwa setsele sa [[Chevalier de L'Ordre des Artes et des Lettres]] ke puso ya [[France]] le seetsele sa [[UNESCO King Sejong]]. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Fa a tsholwa o ne a fiwa leina la '''Elinor Batezat''',<ref>Kizilos, Katherine (8 November 2004)[https://www.theage.com.au/world/father-who-cried-freedom-20041108-gdyxrv.html . "Father who cried freedom".] ''The Age''.</ref> kwa [[Salisbury]], [[Rhodesia]] (kwa e leng [[Harare]], [[Zimbabwe]] gompieno), ke batsadi Francis Bazetat le Betty Stuhardt, o e neng e le morwadia George Stuhardt. <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170408182414/http://whoswho.co.za/elinor-sisulu-2681 "Elinor Sisulu"]. ''Who's Who Southern Africa''. Archived from the original on 8 April 2017. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref>Elinor o goletse kwa [[Bulawayo]]. O tsene sekolo kwa [[University of Zimbabwe]], kwa United Nations Institute for Economic Planning and Development kwa [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]] le International Institute of Social Studies kwa [[The Hague]]. Fa a le kwa Holland o ne a kopana le Max Sisulu, o a tla nyalanang le ene mo tsamaong ya nako.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131212054647/http://agi.ac.za/person/elinor-sisulu "Elinor Sisulu"]. African Gender Institute. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref><ref>Larson, Charles R. (1 February 2002). [https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Rooted+in+History+-+Elinor+Sisulu+stresses+the+need+for+imaginative...-a082780997 "Rooted in History - Elinor Sisulu stresses the need for imaginative literature for African children"]. ''World and I''. Retrieved 03 December 2025 – via The Free Library.</ref> == Tiro ya go lwela ditshwanelo == O berekile e le mosekaseki wa itsholelo wa lephata la pereko kwa Zimbabwe. Go tswa ka 1987 go tsena 1990, o ne a bereka kwa ofising ya Lusaka la International Labour Organisation. Sisulu o ne a boela [[Johannesburg]], Aforika Borwa le lolwapa lwa gagwe ka 1991 morago ga go fela ga puso ya tlhaolele. O berekile thata e le mokwadi le morulaganyi o o ikemetseng go tswa ka 1991 go tsena 1998.<ref name=":1" /> Sisulu o thusitse go tlhama Crisis Coalition of Zimbabwe, o berekela kwa ofising ya lone kwa Johannesburg. O rulagantse dipego tsa lekgotla la ditlhopho la Independent Electoral Authority of South Africa le World Food Programme. O rulagantse bokopano jwa Themba Lesizwe jwa Civil Society and Justice Zimbabwe, jo bo neng bo tshwaretswe kwa Johannesburg ka 2003.<ref name=":1" /> Sisulu ke leloko la [[Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa]].<ref name=":2">[https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/elinor-sisulu "Contributor: Elinor Sisulu, Writer, Human Rights Activist and Political Analyst"]. ''The Huffington Post''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> == Tiro ya go kwala == Ka ngwaga wa 1994, Sisulu o ne a kwala buka ya bana e bidiwa ''The Day Gofo Went to Vote'', e e buang ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa 1994 morago ga puso ya tlhaolele tsa kwa Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa 2022, o ne a gatisa buka ya botshelo jwa batsadi ba monna wa gagwe, e bidiwa ''Walter and Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetim''e,<ref>Marsh, Jon (4 December 2003). [https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/walter-and-albertina-sisulu-in-our-lifetime-by-elinor-sisulu-81149.html "Walter and Albertina Sisulu: in our lifetime by Elinor Sisulu | Struggle, separation and solidarity"]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> e e neng ya amogela seetsele sa Noma sa kgatiso mo Aforika, gape o ne le a mo maemong a bobedi a seetsele sa Sunday Times sa Alan Paton Non-Fiction Award.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/48724983 "Feminist Africa Speaks about Writing and Reading as Political Engagement to Elinor Sisulu, Zimbabwean Feminist Writer Whose Biography, Walter and Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetime, Was Published in December 2002. The Author Has Received the Noma Prize for the Best African Book in 2003"]. ''Feminist Africa'' (2). 2003. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> Dikgatiso tsa gagwe tse dikhutshwane di akaretsa "A different kind of holocaust: a personal reflection on HIV/AIDS" e e neng e gatisitswe mo African Gender Institute Newsletter ya bosupa ya University of Cape Town, ka Morule 2000,<ref name=":1" /> <ref>Quoted in Wallace M. Alston, Michael Welker (eds), ''Reformed Theology: Identity and Ecumenicity II : Biblical Interpretation in the Reformed Tradition'', Volume 2, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2007, p. 1.</ref>le "The 50th anniversary of the 1956 Women's March: a persona recollection" e gatisitswe mo Feminist Africa ka 2006.<ref>Sisulu, Elinor (September 2006). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/48726015 "The 50th anniversary of the 1956 Women's March: a personal recollection"]. ''Feminist Africa'' (6): 73–76. ISSN 1726-4596.</ref> Sisulu o ne a kwala mafoko a pele a buka ya ga Jestina Mukoko ya ''The Abduction and Trial of Jestina Mukoko: the Fight for Human Rights in Zimabwe''.<ref>[https://www.searchhounds.com/articles/noma-culinary-innovation-in-copenhagen.html?psystem=PW&domain=www.atmm.co.za&expId=parking_pw_4537_gdads-rsoc "Autobiography: The abduction and trial of Jestina Mukoko; the fight for human rights in Zimbabwe".] ''www.atmm.co.za''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> Sisulu ke leloko la lekgotla le le rulaganyang meletlo ya botaki, motlhokomedi wa Heal Zimbabwe<ref name=":1" /> le modulasetilo wa lekgotla la Book Development Foundation of the Center for the Book kwa Kapa.<ref name=":0" /> Ke motlhami le mookamedi wa lekgotla la Puku Children's Literature Foundation.<ref>Sisulu, Elinor; Melt Myburgh (7 October 2021). [https://www.litnet.co.za/elinor-sisulu-and-pukus-combat-against-the-cognitive-catastrophe-of-illiteracy/ "Elinor Sisulu and Puku's combat against the 'cognitive catastrophe' of illiteracy".] ''litnet.co.za''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.puku.co.za/about/#team "About the Puku Foundation | Our Team".] ''Puku''. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> == Dietsele le ditlotla == Buka ya ga Sisulu ya Walter and Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetime ya (2002 e amogetse seetsele sa Noma sa buka ya Aforika e e gaisitseng ka 2003.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251113085437/https://www.puku.co.za/about/#team "About the Puku Foundation | Our Team"]. ''Puku''. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> Mo tirong ya gagwe mo lekgotleng la Puku, puso ya France e ne ya mo atswa ka seetsele sa Chevalier de L'Ordre des Artes et des Lettres le sa UNESCO King Sejong Literacy Prize.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251113085437/https://www.puku.co.za/about/#team "About the Puku Foundation | Our Team".] ''Puku''. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a neelwa seetsele sa doctorate ke [[University of Pretoria]].<ref>Hoosain, Shakira (15 April 2019). [https://www.up.ac.za/news/post_2803530-elinor-sisulu-human-rights-activist-and-author-receives-up-honorary-doctorate "Elinor Sisulu, human rights activist and author, receives UP honorary doctorate".] University of Pretoria. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, Sisulu o ne a amogela setlankana sa modulasetilo le kopi tsa South African Literary Awards, ka tiro e ntle mo dibukeng tsa bana mo dingwageng di le dintsi e le mokwadi, le mmueledi wa tiriso ya dipuo tsa mo gae, le e le molwela ditshwanelo wa go akaretsa kgonagalo ya go bona dibuka ga bana.<ref>Kaabwe, Melvin (12 December 2023). [https://www.puku.co.za/2023/12/12/elinor-sisulu-receives-sa-literary-award/ "Elinor Sisulu Receives SA Literary Award".] Puku Children's Literature Foundation. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> == Dibuka == * ''The Day Gogo Went to Vote (buka ya bana), ya 1994'' * ''Walter and Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetime, ka 2002'' === Ditsebe tse di tlhophilweng === * Nelson Mandela Remembered, mo [[The Observer]], ka Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2013<ref>Sisulu, Elinor (15 December 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/dec/15/nelson-mandela-obituary-elinor-sisulu "Nelson Mandela remembered by Elinor Sisulu".] ''The Observer''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> * Apprecation: Chenjerai Hove, 1956 - 2015, mo The Observer, Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 2015<ref>Sisulu, Elinor (26 July 2015)[https://www.theguardian.com/global/2015/jul/26/chenjerai-hove-appreciation-by-elinor-sisulu-obituary-national-treasure-zimbabwe-mugabe . "Obituary | Appreciation: Chenjerai Hove, 1956-2015".] ''The Observer''. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> * Lagos, one long literary and artistic lime, o Johannesburg Review of Books, ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2017<ref>[https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/06/05/lagos-one-long-literary-and-artistic-lime-etisalat-prize-judge-elinor-sisulu-reflects-on-a-trip-of-note/ "Lagos, one long literary and artistic lime: Etisalat Prize judge Elinor Sisulu reflects on a trip of note"]. ''Johannesburg Review of Books''. 5 June 2017. Retrieved 03 December 2025</ref> == Metswedi == 8nxtb72n2o274fzemww09bfxfouh48c 0 12373 50537 46071 2026-06-13T01:57:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50537 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Simpson Case in Court 3.jpg|thumb|Kgotlatshekelo]] '''Bosinyi''' ke [[ditiro]] tse dikotsi tse dileng [[gatlhano]] le molao mme di otlhaiwa ke [[puso]]. Bosinyi boka ditsela dile dintsi jaaka go bolaya, go tlhasela le go betelela e e welang kafatlase ga setlhopha sa bokebekwa jwa thubakanyo. Gonne le bosinyi jo bo welang ka fatlase ga bo kebekwa jo bo amanang le dithoto, jaaka "[[Buglary]]" le go utswa. Gape gona le bosinyi jo bo bidiwang bokebekwa jwa molala o mosweu " White collar crime" mme yona e akaretsa tsietso le go utswa madi. Mefuta e mengwe ya bosinyi eleng bokebekwa jobo rulagantsweng le bosinyi jwa go dira dilo ka thulaganyo eleng gonwa bo jalwa mo ma felong asa letlelesegang tiriso ya nnotagi le go betsha go goseng mom molaong le bokebekwa jwa mo khomputareng " [[Cyber crimes]]" mme gase bona bosinyi botlhe jo bo leng teng bona le me futa ele mentsi go ya ka di gaolo tse batho ba tshelang mogo tsona jaaka bosinyi jwa kwaa ditoropong bosa tswhane le bosinyi jwa kwa magaeng, mo eleng gore kwa ditoropong bosinyi boya gantsi ka go utwselwa madi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://civicsacademy.co.za/what-is-government/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-12-04 |archive-date=2025-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251210052338/https://civicsacademy.co.za/what-is-government/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Setshwantsho:South Africa - Police 1.jpg|thumb|Koloi ya mapodise]] Bosinyi ga bo a siama ka gonne bo sotla ka matshelo a batho, motse bosenya le isago. Gona le di tsela dile dintsi tse di dirisiwang go fokotsa gotsa go fedisa bosinyi, tsela yantlha ya go fedisa bosinyi kwa metseng kego kopana rele baagi renne le ditlhopha tse di lebeletseng bosinyi jaaka "[[CPF]]" le go i kokwanya rele morafe gonne letsela e baagi ba gonang go itsesane fa go na le bosinyi jo diragalang. Tsela engwe ya go thibela bosinyi ke gonna le [[sepodise]] se se gonang go dula se paterole. fa baagi baka kopana banna seoposeleseng mme bosinyi boka fokotsega gotsa rekabofetsa.<ref>https://safecommunity.co.za/community-policing-forums/</ref> == Ditshupiso == 59y6hgme8rpqubzr7vi5q3l8d9js80q 0 12434 50547 46894 2026-06-13T05:11:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Faith Mazibuko|image=Faith Mazibuko.png|caption=Mazibuko ka Motsheganong 2019|honorific-prefix=Mopalamente|office=Mokhanselara wa ditlhabololo wa [[Gauteng]]|office1=Mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba wa [[Gauteng]]|term_start=Phukwi a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2024|premier=[[Panyaza Lesufi]]|predecessor=[[Mbali Hlophe]]|term_end1=Seetebosigo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2024|term_start1=Motsheganong a le malatsi a le masome mararo ngwaga wa 2019|premier1=[[David Makhura]] [[Panyaza Lesufi]]|predecessor1=[[Sizakele Emelda Nkosi-Malobane]]|birth_date=Moranang a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 1965|birth_place=[[Charteston]] [[Nigel]] [[Transvaal]]|party=[[African National Congress]]}} '''Nonhlanhla Faith Mazibuko''' (o o tshotsweng ka Moranang a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 1965) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] go tswa kwa [[Gauteng]]. Ke mokhanselara wa gompieno wa ditlhabololo. O sale a nna leloko la lekgotla la peomolao la kwa Gauteng go tswa ka 1996 go tsena 2004, le go tswa ka 2009 go tsena gompieno. Mazibuko ke leloko la [[African National Congress]]. A tsholetswe kwa Charteston kwa [[Nigel]], Mazibuko o alogile ka dithuto tsa matric go tswa kwa sekolong se segolwane sa Sekano-Ntoane. O ne a ikwadisetsa a bo a aloga ka dithuto tse di farologaneng go tswa kwa dikolong tse di farologaneng tse dikgolwane tsa ithutelo ditiro. Ke leloko la [[African National Congress]], o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo lekgotleng la banana la phathi eo a bereka mo makgotleng a phathi a a farologaneng. O nnile leloko la lekgotla la peomolao la kgaolo ya Gauteng ka 1996. Ka ngwaga wa 2004, o ne a tlhophiwa go ya khanseleng ya dikgaolo e le moemedi wa sennela ruri go tswa kwa Gauteng. Mazibuko o ne a boela kwa lekgotleng la peomolao ka 2009, a thapiwa e le mokhanselara wa tlhabololo dikago. O nnile mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba ka Ngwanatsele 2010. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2014, Mazibuko o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokhanselara wa lephata le le neng le sa tswa go atolosiwa la temothuo, ttikologo, tlhabololo magae le matshelo a batho. Ka Phalane 2015, Mazibuko o ne a fudusediwa kwa lephateng la metshameko, ditso, botaki le ngwao. O ne a thapiwa go nna mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba ka Motsheganong 2019 pele ga a nna mokhanselara wa ditlhabololo ka Phukwi 2024. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Faith Nohlanhla Mazibuko o tshotswe ka Moranang a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 1965 kwa motsaneng wa Charteston kwa Nigel kwa e neng e le kgaolo ya Transvaal ya Aforika Borwa pele.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190422021827/http://www.gauteng.gov.za/government/departments/sport/Pages/MEC-profile.aspx "Profile".] Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> O tsene sekolo kwa Jabavu East Community School le St Matthews Roman Catholic School pele ga a tsena Marian Hill School kwa Pinetown kwa e neng e le kgaolo ya Natal. Mazibuko o ne a fudugela kwa Transvaal a aloga kwa Sekano-Ntoane. O ne a ikwadisetsa dithuto tsa degree kwa [[University of South Africa]] a itebagantse le thuto, sekgoa le ditso.<ref name=":0" /> Mazibuko o feditse thuto ya Executve Leadership kwa [[University of Witwatersrand.]]<ref name=":0" /> O ne a ya go dira setlankana sa boeteledipele le dipuisano le sa boeteledipele jwa setshaba e sepolotiki kwa [[Rhodes University]] le Afrika Intellectual Resources ka tatelano. O ne a ya go dira thuto e khutshwane mo go lweleng ditshwanelo tsa setso sa Aforika. O ithutetse le tsa dikomiti tsa tshireletso kwa Cadres School kwa Havana, Cuba. == Polotiki == Fa a santse a le monana, Mazibuko o ne a le leloko le le matlhagatlhaga la makgotla a a latelang: lekgotla la baithuti ba Soweto, lekgotla la baithuti ba BaKeresete, lekgotla la banana ba Soweto, le Soweto Civic Organisation. E ne e le leloko la tlhwatlhwa la lekgotla la banana la African National Congress kwa Moroka, Soweto, gape e le mookamedi wa lekalana leo.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20201211134818/https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/faith-nonhlanhla-mazibuko "Faith Nonhlanhla Mazibuko".] ''South Africa History Online''. Archived from the original on 11 December 2020. Retrieved 05 December 2205</ref> Mazibuko e ne e le leloko la komiti ya lekgotla la banana ya kgaolo a bereka gape e le mokwaledi wa metshameko, botaki le ngwao.<ref name=":1" /> Ka nako ya gagwe kwa [[Diepkloof,]] e ne e le mokwaledi wa lekalana la Vuyani Mabaxa.<ref name=":1" /> Mazibuko o ne a tlhophiwa gape e le leloko la komiti-kgolo ya ANC wa kgaolo kgolo ya Johannesburg. Mazibuko o ne a tlhomamisiwa e le leloko la lekgotla la peomolao la kgaolo ya Gauteng ka 1996. Ka nako ya gagwe e le mopalamente, e ne e le motlhokomedi wa ANC gape a bereka mo dikomiting tse di tlhophilweng di tshwana le ya botsogo, thuto, botaki le ngwao.<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2004, lekgotla la peomolao la Gauteng le ne la mo tlhopha go nna moemedi wa sennela ruri mo khanseleng ya dikgaolo a emetse kgaolo ya Gauteng.<ref name=":1" /> Kwa NCOP, o ne a bereka mo dikomiting tsa nakwana tse di farologaneng. O ne gape e le modulasetilo wa komiti ya nakwana ya lekgotla la tlhabololo banana. Mazibuko e ne e le modulasetilo wa lekgotla la basadi le mothusa motlhokomedi. Ka Motsheganong 2010, o ne atlhophiwa go ya komiting ya kgaolo ya ANC kwa Gauteng. Ke mokwaledi wa pele wa lekgotla la bomme la ANCWL le modulasetilo wa Gauteng wa ANCWL.<ref name=":1" /> == Puso ya kgaolo ya Gauteng == === Mokhanselara wa tlhabololo dikago === Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Mazibuko o ne a boela lekgotleng la peo molao . O ne a thapiwa e le mokhanselara wa tlhabololo dikago ke moeteledipele o mosha [[Nomvula Mokonyane]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221021194558/https://ewn.co.za/2009/05/08/New-Gauteng-cabinet-announced "New Gauteng cabinet announced".] ''Eyewitness News''. 8 May 2009. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/gautengs-new-mecs-announced "Gauteng's new MECs announced".] ''South African News Government Agency''. 8 May 2009. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> === Mokhanselara wa tshomarelo setshaba === Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2010, o ne a thapiwa e le mokhanselara wa tshomarelo setshaba, a tlhatlhama [[Khabisi Mosunkutu]]. [[Bheki Nkosi]] o ne a mo tlhatlhama e le mokhanselara wa tlhabololo dikago.<ref>[https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/premier-nomvula-mokonyane-announces-new-gauteng-cabinet-02-nov-2010 "Premier Nomvula Mokonyane announces new Gauteng Cabinet".] ''Government of Gauteng''. 2 November 2010. Retrieved 0 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/premier-shuffles-gauteng-cabinet-20101102 "Premier shuffles Gauteng Cabinet".] ''News24''. 2 November 2010. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> === Mokhanselara wa temothuo, tikologo, tlhabololo magae le tlhabololo matshelo a batho === Morago ga go tlhophiwa ga ga [[David Makhura]] e le moeteledipele ka Motsheganong 2014, o ne a thapiwa e le mokhanselara wa temothuo, tikologo, tlhabololo magae le tlhabolo matshelo a batho. [[Sizakele Emelda Nkosi-Malobane]] o ne a mo tlhatlhama go nna mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba.<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/the-new-gauteng-cabinet--david-makhura "The new Gauteng cabinet - David Makhura".] ''Politicsweb''. 23 May 2014. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> === Mokhanselara wa metshameko, ditso, botaki le ngwao === Ka Phalane 2015, Makhura o ne a itsise fa Mazibuko a tla fapaanela maemo le mokhanselara wa metshameko, ditso, botaki le ngwao, [[Molebatsi Bopape]].<ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/roodepoort-record/2015/10/23/premier-reshuffles-cabinet-but-only-swop-the-mecs-2/ "Premier reshuffles cabinet but only swop the MECs".] ''Randburg Sun''. 23 October 2015. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> Mazibuko o ne a amega mo mangangeng fa kgatiso<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251213230335/https://amabhungane.org/leaked-recording-captures-anc-mecs-rant-over-expedited-delivery/ "Leaked recording captures ANC MEC's rant over expedited delivery".] ''amaBhungane''. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> ya gagwe a leka go pateletsa babereki ba gagwe go tlhokomologa ditsamaiso tsa theko go fefofatsa go tsisiwa ga didirisiwa tsa mabala a metshameko pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2019, e tlhagelela mo metsweding ya dikgang.<ref>News24 (14 March 2019). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2019-03-14-gauteng-mec-faith-mazibuko-offers-apology-to-her-staff-over-rant-i-became-emotional/ "Newsdeck: Gauteng MEC Faith Mazibuko offers apology to her staff over rant – 'I became emotional'".] ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-03-14-i-profusely-apologise-gauteng-mec-faith-mazibuko-on-leaked-recording/ "'I profusely apologise': Gauteng MEC Faith Mazibuko on leaked recording".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> === Mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba === Mazibuko o boetse kwa maemong a mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2019. O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke Mbali Hlophe e le mokhanselara wa metshameko, botaki, ngwao le itloso bodutu.<ref>Lindeque, Mia (29 May 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230524113746/https://ewn.co.za/2019/05/29/gauteng-premier-makhura-names-his-new-cabinet "Gauteng Premier Makhura names his new Cabinet".] ''Eyewitness News''. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> Ka Phalane 2022, moeteledipele o mosha o a neng a sa tswa go tlhophiwa [[Panyaza Lesufi]] o ne a tlhoma Mazibuko e le mokhanselara wa pabalesego ya setshaba.<ref>Mntambo, Nokukhanya. [https://www.ewn.co.za/2022/10/07/gauteng-s-new-premier-panyaza-lesufi-announces-changes-to-his-cabinet "Gauteng's new Premier Panyaza Lesufi announces changes to his cabinet".] ''ewn.co.za''. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> === Mokhanselara wa tlhabololo matshelo a batho === Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2024, Mazibuko o ne a tlhomiwa mokhanselara wa ditlhabololo tsa matshelo a batho.<ref>[https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/lesufi-announces-gauteng-cabinet "Lesufi announces Gauteng Cabinet | SAnews".] ''www.sanews.gov.za''. 4 July 2024. Retrieved 05 December 2025</ref> == Metswedi == j99fbns5sq7l3j04gqugc969g0yfxdh 0 12449 50535 46253 2026-06-13T01:15:59Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50535 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Betty Chepkwony''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome a mabedi le borataro (26) ka ngwaga wa 1995) ke motabogi wa sekgala se seleele wa Kenya yo o itsegeng ka mmarathone. Ke mofenyi makgetlo a le mabedi wa Mmarathone wa Roma, mme o ne a bona dikgele ka ngwaga wa 2023 ka nako e e kwa godimo ya 2:23:02 le gape ka ngwaga wa 2025. == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == Chepkwony o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya boditšhabatšhaba bogolo jang mo mabelong a tsela. O ne a dira maemo a a kwa godimo mo lebelong la dikilometara di le 10 ka nako ya 32:46 ka ngwaga wa 2019.<ref name=":0">"Betty CHEPKWONY – World Athletics profile". World Athletics. Retrieved 17 July [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/betty-chepkwony-14699297 2025]</ref>Nako ya gagwe e e gaisang ya halofo ya mmarathone e eme ka 1:14:06, e e fitlheletsweng ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref name=":0" /> Chepkwony o ne a fenya Mmarathone wa Roma wa ngwaga wa 2023 ka nako e ntšha e e gaisang ya gagwe ya 2:23:02.<ref name=":1">"Walelegn wins again in Seoul, Obiri and Kiplimo conquer New York - World Athletics (Includes Rome Marathon results)". World Athletics. 19 March 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2025. <q>Betty Chepkwony (KEN) 2:23:02. ... Chepkwony and Allam smash PBs to win at Rome Marathon.[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/seoul-rome-marathon-new-york-half-walelegn-obiri-kiplimo]</q></ref><ref name=":2">"Betty Chepkwony Reclaims Her Rome Marathon Title". Athletics News. 17 March 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025. <q>The 29 year-old who won this race two years ago, led a pack of eight runners... winning in a time of 2:26.16... "It's my second victory here in Rome, after the one in 2023, it was a bit of a cold and windy day.[https://web.archive.org/web/20250422201456/https://www.athletics.co.ke/betty-chepkwony-reclaims-her-rome-marathon-title/]</q></ref> O ne a boela a bona sekgele sa gagwe kwa Marathone wa Roma wa ngwaga wa 2025. Mo lebelong le le neng le lwa ka natla, Chepkwony o ne a goga mo dikilometareng tsa bofelo go fenya ka nako ya 2:26:16.<ref>"Robert Ngeno and Betty Chepkwony Claim Victory at the Rome Marathon". Watch Athletics. 17 March 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025. <q>Chepkwony maintained her lead to the finish, winning in 2:26:16—securing her second Rome Marathon title, two years after her 2023 victory in a personal best of 2:23:02.[https://www.watchathletics.com/article/13297/robert-ngeno-and-betty-chepkwony-claim-victory-at-the-rome-marathon]</q></ref><ref name=":2" />Gape o ne a nna wa borobongwe mo Mmarathoneng wa Frankfurt wa ngwaga wa 2024 ka nako ya 2:25:13.<ref>"Running News Tagged #Betty Chepkwony". My BEST Runs. Retrieved 17 July 2025. <q>9th, '24 Mainova Frankfurt Marathon (2:25:13)[https://mybestruns.com/running-news.php?tag=Betty+Chepkwony]</q></ref> == Dilo tse di gaisang == * Mmarathone: 2:23:02 – Roma, 2023.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> * Halofo ya Mmarathone: 1:14:06 – 2024<ref name=":0" /> * Tsela ya Dikhilomitara di le 10: 32:46 – 2019<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == hihtt7dgqnkdk65a17i2o9vt0eagyw1 0 12496 50580 47171 2026-06-13T10:08:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50580 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lucie Memba Bos (cropped).jpg|thumb|Memba ]] '''Lucie Memba Bos''' (o belegwe ka 1987) ke motshameki wa difilimi wa kwa [[Cameroon]], motlhami wa difilimi yo o nnileng le seabe mo difiliming tsa dipuo tsa Sefora le Seesimane. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170920191316/http://nigercultures.net/en/file.person.lucie-memba.27449.html <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] O ne a tlotliwa ka go nna motshameki yo o gaisang wa motshameki yo o eteletseng pele mo [[:en:Cinema_of_Cameroon|Cinema of Cameroon]] for French speaking actress at Cameroon Movies Merit Award (CMMA) 2013 edition e e rulagantsweng ke Fred Keyanti. [http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html <nowiki>[ 2]</nowiki>] O ne a dira tshimologo ya gagwe ya boditšhabatšhaba le dinaledi tsa [[:en:Nollywood|Nollywood]] mo filiming ya Pink Poison e e neng e na le [[:en:Jim_Iyke|Jim Iyke]][http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] mme Far o ne a tshameka mmogo le [[:en:Dakore_Akande|Dakore Akande]] wa Nigeria.[http://irepcamer.com/2014/10/29/camer-flim-alert-far-movie-premiere/ <nowiki>[ 4]</nowiki>] Ka 2014 o ne a simolola L.M.B production morago ga leina la gagwe [Lucie Memba Bos]. O ne a tlhagisa filimi ya [[Cameroon]] ya Paradise, e e neng e santse e le teng ka 2014. O ne a tlhagisa filimi ya La patrie d' abord, filimi ya ntlha ya ntwa e e neng e tlotlomatsa masole a tshireletso a Cameroon a a neng a a dira. Ka Lwetse, 2017 o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka motshameki yo montle wa mosadi wa Cameroonian ka le TROPHEES FRANCOPHONES DU CINEMA mo filiming ya La Patrie D'abord.[https://web.archive.org/web/20171016174545/https://www.trophees-francophones.org/les-nominations <nowiki>[ 6]</nowiki>] == Botshelo jwa gagwe jwa pele == Lucie o belegetswe kwa [[:en:Dschang|Dschang West Region]] (Cameroon) mme a golela kwa [[:en:Bafoussam|Bafoussam]] kwa a simolotseng go dira jaaka mmodisi mme a fetogela go tshameka. Morago ga go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa Baccalauréat philosophique, o ne a fudugela kwa [[:en:Douala|Douala]] go ya go batla ditshono tse dingwe. Go ya ka metswedi mengwe, ga go na tshedimosetso e e ka ga letlha la gagwe la botsalo la mmatota le le ileng la gatisiwa; o tshotswe ka 1987. == Tiro ya gagwe == Lucie o ne a tlhagelela la ntlha mo "Témoin à Seduire" ka 1999 fa [[:en:Cinema_of_Cameroon|Cinema of Cameroon]] e ne e santse e tlhabologa. [http://tendancespeoplemag.com/?p=2272 <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] O ne a itsege thata ka ngwaga wa 2008 mme a gapa Cameroon Movies Merit Award (CMMA) jaaka motshameki yo o gaisang wa sefora ka ngwaga wa 2013, o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya Lucie Memba Bos (LMB). Ke motlhami wa baesekopo ya Cameroon ya Paradise, tiro ya gagwe e ne ya lemogiwa jaaka moeteledipele le motlhami-mmogo wa baesekopo ya La patrie d 'abord, baesekopo ya ntlha ya ntwa ka tlotlo ya masole a tshireletso a Cameroon mme a sa ntse a le teng ka 2014, o ne a tlhagisa "Ntah Napi" e e ileng ya gapa sekgele sa [[:en:Ecrans_Noirs|Ecrans Noirs]] ka 2014 sa baesekopo e e gaisang ya Sefora.Ke mongwe wa batshameki ba ba lesego ba Cameroon bao tiro ya bone e lemogilweng ke bodiredi jwa setso, o ne a le mongwe wa batshameki ba ba neng ba kopana le tona [[Ama Tutu Muna]] yo o neng a etela batshameki ba ba neng ba tshameka mo baesekopong ya Pink Poison kwa Buea, 2013.[[http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html <nowiki>2]</nowiki>] [[http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html <nowiki>3]</nowiki>] Ka ngwaga wa 2016, o ne a supiwa jaaka motshameki wa mosadi yo o kgatlhisang thata ke websaete ya batho ba ba tumileng ba Cameroon e leng Le Film Camerounais . Lucie, o itsege gape ka baesekopo ya Fast Life le motshameki wa Mofora Thomas Nguijol. [10] O dira gape le (Tribe Africa Media) go tshegetsa le go bontsha lorato lwa boswafi kwa Cameroon jaaka segopotso sa go keteka letsatsi la lefatshe la boswafi. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse 2017, Lucie o ne a tsaya karolo ya go etelela pele mo filiming e ntšha e e tlang le naledi ya filimi ya [[Nigeria]] [[:en:Zack_Orji|Zack Orji]] mo potsolotsong ya Dcoded TV, go itse gore o ikutlwa jang go dira le Zack Orji, a re '''''''Dilo tseno tsotlhe di a ntshwenya. E kete ke a lora mme Zack Orji ke mongwe yo ke mo tlotlang e bile ke ntse ke lebile difilimi tsa gagwe ka dingwaga di le dintsi... Go dira le ene mo filiming go a gakgamatsa. Ga ke kgone go leta,''''' '' Ntle le tiro ya gagwe mo difiliming, ka 2008 o ne a thapiwa go dira le [[:en:Guinness|Guinness]] [[Cameroon]] jaaka moemedi wa papatso [http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ka September 2017, Lucie o ne a kopana le kgwele ya dinao ya Cameroon Samuel Eto'o kwa Douala == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20170920191316/http://nigercultures.net/en/file.person.lucie-memba.27449.html <nowiki>[1] "Nigercultures - Lucie Memba"</nowiki>]. nigercultures.net. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html <nowiki>[2] "QUI EST LUCIE MEMBA BOS</nowiki> ?"]. culturebene.com (in French). 1 August 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2017. [3] Kanjo, Ernest[https://web.archive.org/web/20241203142533/http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html . "TIPTOPSTARS - ONLINE MAGAZINE Array Pink Poison Reloaded: Culture minister visits actors on location]". www.tiptopstars.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170920191110/http://irepcamer.com/2014/10/29/camer-flim-alert-far-movie-premiere/ <nowiki>[4] "CAMER FILM ALERT: THE "FAR" MOVIE PREMIERE THIS WEEKEND - I Rep Camer"</nowiki>]. irepcamer.com. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html <nowiki>[5] "Qui est Lucie MEMBA BOS</nowiki> ? - Culturebene]". culturebene.com. 1 August 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171016174545/https://www.trophees-francophones.org/les-nominations <nowiki>[6] "Trophées Francophones du Cinéma | 2017"</nowiki>]. www.trophees-francophones.org. Archived from the original on 16 October 2017. [http://tendancespeoplemag.com/?p=2272 <nowiki>[7] "Lucie Memba Bos: Passionnée du 7ème art – Tendancespeoplemag</nowiki>]". tendancespeoplemag.com. 19 February 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [http://dcodedtv.com/lucie-memba-zack-orji-new-movie/ <nowiki>[8] "Lucie Memba to star alongside Nollywood actor Zack Orji in new film – Dcoded TV</nowiki>]". dcodedtv.com. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/08/09/people-lucie-memba-bos-actrice-la-plus-glamour-2016/ <nowiki>[9] "PEOPLE</nowiki> : Lucie Memba Bos, actrice la plus glamour 2016"]. lefilmcamerounais.com. 9 August 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18634466.html <nowiki>[10] "Bande annonce Fastlife</nowiki> : Thomas Ngijol en quête effrénée de célébrité]". [http://dcodedtv.com/lucie-memba-brice-albin-alain-ngann-show-support-towards-albinism/ <nowiki>[11] "Lucie Memba, Brice Albin, Alain Ngann show support towards Albinism – Dcoded TV"</nowiki>]. dcodedtv.com. 13 June 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170920190957/https://tinygossip.wordpress.com/2017/06/13/today-is-world-albino-daysee-how-memba-lucielaura-davealain-ngann-and-more-celebrates-this-dayphotos%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87/ <nowiki>[12] "Today is world Albino day, See how Memba Lucie, Laura Dave, Alain Ngann and more celebrates this day(photos)⬇⬇⬇</nowiki>]". wordpress.com. 13 June 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017. [https://dcodedtv.com/lucie-memba-gushes-over-samuel-etoo/ <nowiki>[13]"Lucie Memba gushes over meeting Samuel Eto'o</nowiki>]". 9 October 2017. kxxvshfsjl6mjs456ku2lyr2wb53ust 0 12538 50606 46494 2026-06-13T11:53:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50606 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Monique Séka''' o tshotswe ka di 22 Ngwanatsele, 1965.[https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/directory/monique-s%C3%A9ka ^{[1<nowiki>]</nowiki>}] O ne a bidiwa mohumagadi wa mmino wa Afro-zouk mme ke moopedi go tswa kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast Ivory Coast]. Mmino wa Afro-zouk wa ga Monique Seka o itsege thata kwa mafelong a a jaaka Ivory Coast, Afrika, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean Caribbean] le Indian Ocean.[http://abidjantv.net/art-et-culture/la-diva-de-la-musique-ivoirienne-monique-seka-se-confie-jai-peur-des-hommes-ses-raisons/ [ 3<nowiki>]</nowiki>] == kitso ka gagwe == Séka o ne a simolola go kgatlhegela mmino a sa le monnye. Ke leloko la boraro la lelapa la mmino wa kwa Ivory Coast. Seka ke morwadia Seka Okoi, moopedi wa kwa Ivory Coast yo o neng a tumile thata ka bo1970. Seka o ne a rutwa ke rraagwe pele a tsenela RTI Orchestra. E ne e le ka yone nako eo a neng a simolola go leka go kopanya mmino wa zouk le morethetho go dira Afro Zouk, e leng motswako o o gakgamatsang le go gogela barati ba mmino ka nako e le nngwe. Mo magareng a bo1980, mmino wa kwa Caribbean o ne wa tsena mo mebarakeng ya lefatshe. Seka o ne a tsena mo mokgweng ono mme a golola alebamo ya gagwe ya ntlha "Tantie Affoué" ka 1985. Ka ngwaga wa 1989, o ne a saena tumalano ya go dira mmino wa gagwe le seopedi sa Cape Verdian, Manu Lima mme a golola alebamo ya gagwe ya "Missounwa". Motswako ono wa mmino wa zouk le morethetho wa Seaforika o ne wa fitlha le kwa ntle ga melelwane ya Afrika, mme o ne wa amogelwa ke babegadikgang le metswedi ya tshedimosetso. Kwa bokhutlong jwa 1992, o ne a kopana le Dominique Richard, mongwe wa batlhami ba Radio Sun, seteishene sa radio sa ntlha sa Afro-Caribbean se se neng sa bulwa kwa Lyon ka Phukwi 1993. Dominique o ne a nna motlhami le mogwebi wa gagwe. Ba ne ba nyalana ka March 31, 1995, mme morago ga go ntsha dialebamo di le mmalwa ba ne ba nna le ngwana wa mosetsana Carolyn Richard, yo o tshotsweng ka February 9, 1998. Ka 1994, o ne a boela gape kwa go Manu Lima go rulaganya alebamo ya gagwe e ntšha mme a boela mo nageng ka alebamo ya "Okaman". Dialbamo tsa gagwe tse di latelang di akaretsa "Adéba" ka 1997, "Yélélé" ka 1999 le "best of" tse dintsi tse di nang le ditlhogo tse dintšhwa: "Anthology" ka 1999, "15 years 15 success" ka 2003, "Obligada" ka 2005, jj. Katlego ya gagwe e dirile gore a tshegediwe ke baopedi ba le bantsi ba ba tswang kwa dikarolong tse di farologaneng tsa mmino jaaka "Yaye Demin", pina e e neng ya atlega le Meiway.[http://news.abidjan.net/h/446788.html [ 2<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/directory/monique-s%C3%A9ka [1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] == Dipina tsa gagwe == '''diAlobums''' *1986 : Tantie affoué *1989 : Missounwa, Éditions C.B.H. *1995 : Okaman, Déclic *1997 : Adeba *1999 : Yelele, Sony Music *2000 : Anthologie *2003 : Best of Album, Créon Music *2005 : Obligada == Metswedi == [https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/directory/monique-s%C3%A9ka [1<nowiki>]</nowiki>"Monique Séka"]. Music in Africa. Retrieved November 24, 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190820071252/http://news.abidjan.net/h/446788.html [2<nowiki>]</nowiki>"Hommage à feu Okoua Séka Athanase : Monique Séka en attraction à Assuédji"]. Abidjan.net. Retrieved November 24, 2017. [http://abidjantv.net/art-et-culture/la-diva-de-la-musique-ivoirienne-monique-seka-se-confie-jai-peur-des-hommes-ses-raisons/ [3<nowiki>]</nowiki>"La diva de la musique ivoirienne Monique Séka se confie : " J'ai peur des hommes "ses raisons | AbidjanTV.net"]. AbidjanTV.net. April 22, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2017. e4lh7hf9m6evvm2brzsb4lsd1tebyy3 0 12541 50556 46605 2026-06-13T07:46:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50556 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Kandia Camara 2022.jpg|thumb]] '''Kandia Camara''' (o belegwe ka 17 Seetebosigo 1959) ke morutabana wa kwa [[:en:Ivory_Coast|Ivory Coast]] le mopolotiki yo e leng ratoropo wa [[:en:Abobo|Abobo]] fa e sale ka 10 Phalane 2021[https://www.gulf-times.com/article/701202/qatar/awqaf-opens-qatar-health-centre-in-cote-divoire/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] le Tautona wa senate ya Ivory Coast fa e sale ka 12 Phalane 2023.[https://data.ipu.org/parliament/ci?chamber_id=13373 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://wadr.org/former-ivorian-foreign-minister-kandia-camara-elected-president-of-senate/ <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Ke tona ya pele ya merero ya dikgang tse di amanang le lefatshe kwantl mo pusong ya ga Tautona [[:en:Alassane_Ouattara|Alassane Ouattara]]. Ke motshameki wa handball mme e ne e le karolo ya setlhopha sa ASC Bouaké se se fentseng [[:en:African_Cup_of_Champions_Clubs|African Cup of Champion Clubs]] ka 1981.[http://abidjantv.net/actualites/exclusif-dossier-biographie-cote-divoire-parcours-et-cursus-tout-savoir-sur-les-membres-du-nouveau-gouvernement-de-la-3eme-republique/,%20http://abidjantv.net/actualites/exclusif-dossier-biographie-cote-divoire-parcours-et-cursus-tout-savoir-sur-les-membres-du-nouveau-gouvernement-de-la-3eme-republique/ <nowiki>[ 4]</nowiki>][[https://news.abidjan.net/h/622014.html <nowiki>5]</nowiki>] == Dithutego le tiro ya gagwe == Camara o ne a bona Setankana sa gagwe sa Seesemane kwa [[:en:Université_Félix_Houphouët-Boigny|University of Abidjan]] le Advanced Studies Certificate in Education kwa [[:en:Lancaster_University|Lancaster University]] kwa [[:en:England|England]]. Camara ke motshameki wa handball wa maemo a a kwa godimo mme ke mmampodi wa Côte d'Ivoire ka makgetlo a mabedi ka 1974 le 1980 mme o fentse Sejana sa Aforika sa Bafenyi ka 1981 le ASC Bouaké.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200111232448/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=3109 <nowiki>[ 6]</nowiki>] Go tloga ka 1983 go fitlha ka 1986, o ne a ruta Seesimane kwa Modern College, de Cocody le kwa Treich-la-Plène College.[https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/543194/politique/dix-choses-a-savoir-sur-kandia-camara-ministre-ivoirienne-de-leducation-nationale/ <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>][https://www.jeuneafrique.com/391859/politique/cote-divoire-nouveau-gouvernement-devoile/ <nowiki>[8]</nowiki>]O ne a dira jaaka motlhatlheledi wa Seesimane kwa sekolong sa seporofešenale sa hotele sa Abidjan go tloga ka 1986 go fitlha ka 2002. E ne e le leloko la ofisi ya bosetšhaba ya National Union of Secondary Teachers of Côte d'Ivoire (SYNESCI) go tloga ka 1987 go fitlha ka 1991 le leloko la Association of Women Teachers of Francophone Africa go tloga ka 1989 go fitlha ka 1991. O ne a le mokwaledi-kakaretso wa ofisi ya bosetšhaba ya Union des femmes du PDCI (UFPDCI) le mokhanselara wa mmasepala kwa kantorong ya mmasepala wa Cocody magareng ga 1990 le 1994. Ka 1994, o ne a nna Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Rassemblement des Femmes Républicaines (RFR) go fitlha ka 1998 fa a ne a tsaya ofisi ya mopresidente wa bosetšhaba wa mokgatlho pele a tlogela ka Motsheganong 2006.[ 9] Camara o ne a nna Motlatsa ratoropo wa Mmasepala wa [[:en:Abobo|Abobo]] ka 2001 mme a direla mo kantorong eno go fitlha ka 2003, fa a ne a tlhomiwa go nna Mogakolodi yo o Kgethegileng wa Tonakgolo ya Puso ya Kagiso ya Bosetšhaba le Phetogo mme a sala mo maemong ano go fitlha ka 2010. Ka 2014, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya Thuto ya Bosetšhaba.[ 10] O ne a direla jaaka tona ya merero ya kwa ntle mo pusong ya ga Achi I le puso ya ga Achi II. == Metswedi == [https://www.gulf-times.com/article/701202/qatar/awqaf-opens-qatar-health-centre-in-cote-divoire/ <nowiki>[1] "Awqaf opens Qatar Health Centre in Côte d'Ivoire</nowiki>]". Gulf Times. 10 October 2021. [https://data.ipu.org/parliament/ci?chamber_id=13373 <nowiki>[2] "Côte d'Ivoire - Senate"</nowiki>]. IPU. [https://wadr.org/former-ivorian-foreign-minister-kandia-camara-elected-president-of-senate/ <nowiki>[3] "Former Ivorian Foreign Minister Kandia Camara elected President of Senate</nowiki>]". WADR. 13 October 2023. [http://abidjantv.net/actualites/exclusif-dossier-biographie-cote-divoire-parcours-et-cursus-tout-savoir-sur-les-membres-du-nouveau-gouvernement-de-la-3eme-republique/,%20http://abidjantv.net/actualites/exclusif-dossier-biographie-cote-divoire-parcours-et-cursus-tout-savoir-sur-les-membres-du-nouveau-gouvernement-de-la-3eme-republique/ <nowiki>[4] "Exclusif /Dossier-Biographie-Côte d'Ivoire</nowiki> : Parcours et cursus /Tout savoir sur les membres du nouveau gouvernement de la 3ème republique | AbidjanTV.net]". 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2021-03-09. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170910233358/https://news.abidjan.net/h/622014.html <nowiki>[5] "Henriette Diabaté, présidente, Kandia Camara SG: les femmes prennent le pouvoir au RDR</nowiki>]". Abidjan.net. Retrieved 2021-03-09. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200111232448/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=3109 <nowiki>[6] "KandiaCAMARA (Ministre de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Technique et de la Formation Professionnelle ) - Abidjan.net Qui est Qui</nowiki>]". Abidjan.net. Archived from the original on 2020-01-11. Retrieved 2021-03-09. [https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/543194/politique/dix-choses-a-savoir-sur-kandia-camara-ministre-ivoirienne-de-leducation-nationale/ <nowiki>[7]"Dix choses à savoir sur Kandia Camara, ministre ivoirienne de l'Éducation nationale – Jeune Afrique</nowiki>]". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2018-03-22. Retrieved 2021-03-09 ki0p98xxpkzmqjr0gskri9lqsb51g2l 0 12551 50544 46541 2026-06-13T05:05:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50544 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Euphrasie Kouassi Yao''' (yo gape a bidiwang Yao Kouassi, o belegwe ka 18 Moranang 1964) [https://web.archive.org/web/20170827003312/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=1065 [ 1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] ke radipolotiki wa kwa [[Ivory Coast]], yo jaanong jaana e leng mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa ga moporesidente [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara Alassane Ouattara] yo o ikarabelelang ka bong. O ne gape a direla jaaka Tona ya Tsweletso ya Basadi, Lelapa le Tshireletso ya Bana, le jaaka modulasetulo wa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO UNESCO] mo komiting ya bone ya Metsi, Basadi le go Tsaya Ditshwetso. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Kouassi Yao o na le setankana sa tsa bong le Tlhabololo go tswa kwa Université de l'Atlantique d'Abidjan kwa Cote D'Ivoire. Morwarragwe Jean Claude Kouassi le ene e ne e le tona mo pusong ya Ivory Coast.[http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [ 2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == Ka Ferikgong 2016, Kouassi Yao o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya Promotion de la Femme, de la Famille et de la Protection de l'Enfant (Tlhabololo ya Basadi, Lelapa le Tshireletso ya Bana) ke Tonakgolo ya nako eo [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kablan_Duncan Daniel Kablan Duncan]. Fa a ne a le mo maemong ao, o ne a rotloetsa basadi go ikwadisa go tlhopha mo ditlhophong tsa palamente ya Ivory Coast ka 2016. O ne a tlosiwa mo tirong ka Ferikgong 2017. Ka Mopitlwe 2017, o ne a nna mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa Tautona [[Alassane ouattara|Alassane Ouattara]], yo o ikarabelelang ka bong. [http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-apres-son-depart-du-gouvernement-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-ex-ministre-a-ete-nommee-a-la-presidence/ [3<nowiki>]</nowiki>][[https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>5][</nowiki>][http://lepointsur.com/compendium-competences-feminines-euphrasie-yao-kouassi-invite-femmes-de-bouake-a-se-faire-identifier-compendiumdescompetencesfeminines/ <nowiki>6]</nowiki>] O ne a tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go rotloetseng kagiso morago ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Selegae ya Ivory Coast, segolo thata go gopola basadi ba ba neng ba tlamela malapa a bona ka dijo ka nako ya kgotlhang[https://web.archive.org/web/20190324123206/https://www.fratmat.info/index.php/focus/interview/euphrasie-yao-conseillere-du-president-de-la-republique-chargee-du-genre-nous-devons-concevoir-des-programmes-qui-contribuent-a-la-paix <nowiki>.[ 7]</nowiki>] O rotloetsa mokgatlho wa Amour, Solidarité et Audace (Lorato, Solidarité le Bopelokgale) o o kopantseng basadi ba le 15 000 ba kwa Ivory Coast ba ditso le ditumelo tse di farologaneng. Ka 2018, o ne a bua mo thelebišeneng ya Sefora [[:en:TV5Monde|TV5Monde]] ka tlhabololo ya basadi mo Afrika. O tshegeditse puso mo maitekong a yone a go sekisa ba ba tsayang karolo mo go kgaoleng dirwe tsa basadi tsa tsalo[https://web.archive.org/web/20170307084033/https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2016/af/265246.htm <nowiki>.[ 9]</nowiki>] Kwa Ivory Coast, Kouassi Yao o ne gape a dira jaaka Mookamedi wa Bosetšhaba wa Tekatekano le Tsweletso ya Bong, Mogakolodi wa Setegeniki wa Tona ya Basadi, Leloko la boto ya batsamaisi ba Ofisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Metsi a a Nwang, Mokhuduthamaga wa Bosetšhaba wa Compendium ya Bokgoni jwa Basadi, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Ivorian_parliamentary_election [1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] le jaaka Mokhuduthamaga wa Compendium ya Bokgoni jwa Basadi ba Côte d'Ivoire. [http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] O ne gape a direla [[UNESCO]] jaaka modulasetulo wa komiti ya bone ya Metsi, Basadi le go Tsaya Ditshwetso.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>[ 5]</nowiki>][https://books.google.com/books?id=tj_bCwAAQBAJ&q=Euphrasie+Yao <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] Ka Letsatsi la Boditšhabatšhaba la Basadi la 2019, Kouassi Yao e ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba le 20 ba kwa Ivory Coast ba ba neng ba tlotliwa ke Global Platform for Enterprising Women. O ne a tlhalosiwa jaaka "mosadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso le yo o tlhotlheletsang". Ka Sedimonthole 2021, o ne a golola buka ya Le secret d'une aventure (Sephiri sa boithabiso). [https://news.abidjan.net/articles/702534/cote-divoirelitterature-euphrasie-yao-partage-ses-lecons-et-experiences-de-vie-dans-un-fascinant-ouvrage <nowiki>[12]</nowiki>] Buka e ne ya tlhalosa ka botlalo ditiro tsa gagwe mo pusong magareng ga 2004 le 2011.[ 13] == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20170827003312/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=1065 [1<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Euphrasie Kouassi Yao"]. Abidjan.net. Archived from the original on 27 August 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [2<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Présidence ivoirienne : l'ex ministre Euphrasie Yao pas encore informée de sa nouvelle nomination"]. Afrikipresse.fr (in French). 22 February 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-apres-son-depart-du-gouvernement-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-ex-ministre-a-ete-nommee-a-la-presidence/ [3<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Côte d'Ivoire: Après son départ du Gouvernement, Euphrasie Kouassi Yao ex ministre a été nommée à la présidence]". Abidjan TV. 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [4] N'Doli, Didier (July 2016). [https://rti.ci/infos_societe_16442_cote-deivoire-euphrasie-yao-invite-les-femmes-aveugles-a-ne-pas-mendier.html "Côte d'Ivoire : Euphrasie Yao invite les femmes aveugles à ne pas mendier"]. Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne (in French). Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>[5] "Côte d'Ivoire</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao explique l'importance de la formation en ingénierie du genre]". Afrique de l'Ouest (in French). 5 February 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019 – via Africa Business Agency. [http://lepointsur.com/compendium-competences-feminines-euphrasie-yao-kouassi-invite-femmes-de-bouake-a-se-faire-identifier-compendiumdescompetencesfeminines/ <nowiki>[6] "Compendium des compétences féminines :Euphrasie Yao Kouassi, invite les femmes de Bouaké à se faire identifier# compendiumdescompétencesfeminines</nowiki>]". Le Point Sur (in French). 29 October 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [7] Hala, Alakagni (14 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190324123206/https://www.fratmat.info/index.php/focus/interview/euphrasie-yao-conseillere-du-president-de-la-republique-chargee-du-genre-nous-devons-concevoir-des-programmes-qui-contribuent-a-la-paix "Euphrasie Yao (Conseillère du Président de la République chargée du genre): Nous devons concevoir des programmes qui contribuent à la paix"]. Fraternité Matin (in French). Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://www.rfi.fr/fr/emission/20180527-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-haweya-mohamed-ammin-youssouf <nowiki>[8] "LES TÊTES D'AFFICHES DE DENISE EPOTÉ</nowiki>]" (in French). Radio France Internationale. 27 May 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170307084033/https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2016/af/265246.htm <nowiki>[9] "2016 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices</nowiki>]". Government of the Ivory Coast. 3 March 2017. Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [[https://books.google.com/books?id=tj_bCwAAQBAJ&q=Euphrasie+Yao <nowiki>10] Water, people and cooperation: 50 years of water programmes for sustainable development at UNESCO</nowiki>]. UNESCO. December 2015. p. 192. ISBN 9789231001284. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [[http://www.linfodrome.com/societe-culture/43539-journee-internationale-de-la-femme-2019-euphrasie-yao-et-des-leaders-ivoiriennes-bientot-honorees-en-tunisie <nowiki>11] "Journée Internationale de la Femme 2019</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao et des leaders ivoiriennes bientôt honorées en Tunisie]". Linfodrome.com (in French). 23 November 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20251212074600/https://news.abidjan.net/articles/702534/cote-divoirelitterature-euphrasie-yao-partage-ses-lecons-et-experiences-de-vie-dans-un-fascinant-ouvrage <nowiki>[12]"Côte d'Ivoire.Littérature</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao partage ses leçons et expériences de vie dans un fascinant ouvrage]" (in French). Abidjan.net. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2022 tsciiy5kuy0yk7uvcgup7veihougruj 0 12552 50543 46542 2026-06-13T05:05:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50543 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Euphrasie Kouassi Yao''' (yo gape a bidiwang Yao Kouassi, o belegwe ka 18 Moranang 1964) [https://web.archive.org/web/20170827003312/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=1065 [ 1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] ke radipolotiki wa kwa [[Ivory Coast]], yo jaanong jaana e leng mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa ga moporesidente [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara Alassane Ouattara] yo o ikarabelelang ka bong. O ne gape a direla jaaka Tona ya Tsweletso ya Basadi, Lelapa le Tshireletso ya Bana, le jaaka modulasetulo wa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO UNESCO] mo komiting ya bone ya Metsi, Basadi le go Tsaya Ditshwetso. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Kouassi Yao o na le setankana sa tsa bong le Tlhabololo go tswa kwa Université de l'Atlantique d'Abidjan kwa Cote D'Ivoire. Morwarragwe Jean Claude Kouassi le ene e ne e le tona mo pusong ya Ivory Coast.[http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [ 2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == Ka Ferikgong 2016, Kouassi Yao o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Tona ya Promotion de la Femme, de la Famille et de la Protection de l'Enfant (Tlhabololo ya Basadi, Lelapa le Tshireletso ya Bana) ke Tonakgolo ya nako eo [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kablan_Duncan Daniel Kablan Duncan]. Fa a ne a le mo maemong ao, o ne a rotloetsa basadi go ikwadisa go tlhopha mo ditlhophong tsa palamente ya Ivory Coast ka 2016. O ne a tlosiwa mo tirong ka Ferikgong 2017. Ka Mopitlwe 2017, o ne a nna mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa Tautona [[Alassane ouattara|Alassane Ouattara]], yo o ikarabelelang ka bong. [http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-apres-son-depart-du-gouvernement-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-ex-ministre-a-ete-nommee-a-la-presidence/ [3<nowiki>]</nowiki>][[https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>5][</nowiki>][http://lepointsur.com/compendium-competences-feminines-euphrasie-yao-kouassi-invite-femmes-de-bouake-a-se-faire-identifier-compendiumdescompetencesfeminines/ <nowiki>6]</nowiki>] O ne a tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go rotloetseng kagiso morago ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Selegae ya Ivory Coast, segolo thata go gopola basadi ba ba neng ba tlamela malapa a bona ka dijo ka nako ya kgotlhang[https://web.archive.org/web/20190324123206/https://www.fratmat.info/index.php/focus/interview/euphrasie-yao-conseillere-du-president-de-la-republique-chargee-du-genre-nous-devons-concevoir-des-programmes-qui-contribuent-a-la-paix <nowiki>.[ 7]</nowiki>] O rotloetsa mokgatlho wa Amour, Solidarité et Audace (Lorato, Solidarité le Bopelokgale) o o kopantseng basadi ba le 15 000 ba kwa Ivory Coast ba ditso le ditumelo tse di farologaneng. Ka 2018, o ne a bua mo thelebišeneng ya Sefora [[:en:TV5Monde|TV5Monde]] ka tlhabololo ya basadi mo Afrika. O tshegeditse puso mo maitekong a yone a go sekisa ba ba tsayang karolo mo go kgaoleng dirwe tsa basadi tsa tsalo[https://web.archive.org/web/20170307084033/https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2016/af/265246.htm <nowiki>.[ 9]</nowiki>] Kwa Ivory Coast, Kouassi Yao o ne gape a dira jaaka Mookamedi wa Bosetšhaba wa Tekatekano le Tsweletso ya Bong, Mogakolodi wa Setegeniki wa Tona ya Basadi, Leloko la boto ya batsamaisi ba Ofisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Metsi a a Nwang, Mokhuduthamaga wa Bosetšhaba wa Compendium ya Bokgoni jwa Basadi, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Ivorian_parliamentary_election [1<nowiki>]</nowiki>] le jaaka Mokhuduthamaga wa Compendium ya Bokgoni jwa Basadi ba Côte d'Ivoire. [http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] O ne gape a direla [[UNESCO]] jaaka modulasetulo wa komiti ya bone ya Metsi, Basadi le go Tsaya Ditshwetso.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>[ 5]</nowiki>][https://books.google.com/books?id=tj_bCwAAQBAJ&q=Euphrasie+Yao <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] Ka Letsatsi la Boditšhabatšhaba la Basadi la 2019, Kouassi Yao e ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba le 20 ba kwa Ivory Coast ba ba neng ba tlotliwa ke Global Platform for Enterprising Women. O ne a tlhalosiwa jaaka "mosadi yo o nang le tlhotlheletso le yo o tlhotlheletsang". Ka Sedimonthole 2021, o ne a golola buka ya Le secret d'une aventure (Sephiri sa boithabiso). [https://news.abidjan.net/articles/702534/cote-divoirelitterature-euphrasie-yao-partage-ses-lecons-et-experiences-de-vie-dans-un-fascinant-ouvrage <nowiki>[12]</nowiki>] Buka e ne ya tlhalosa ka botlalo ditiro tsa gagwe mo pusong magareng ga 2004 le 2011.[ 13] == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20170827003312/http://abidjan.net/QUI/profil.asp?id=1065 [1<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Euphrasie Kouassi Yao"]. Abidjan.net. Archived from the original on 27 August 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [http://www.afrikipresse.fr/politique/presidence-ivoirienne-l-ex-ministre-euphrasie-yao-pas-encore-informee-de-sa-nouvelle-nomination [2<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Présidence ivoirienne : l'ex ministre Euphrasie Yao pas encore informée de sa nouvelle nomination"]. Afrikipresse.fr (in French). 22 February 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-apres-son-depart-du-gouvernement-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-ex-ministre-a-ete-nommee-a-la-presidence/ [3<nowiki>]</nowiki> "Côte d'Ivoire: Après son départ du Gouvernement, Euphrasie Kouassi Yao ex ministre a été nommée à la présidence]". Abidjan TV. 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [4] N'Doli, Didier (July 2016). [https://rti.ci/infos_societe_16442_cote-deivoire-euphrasie-yao-invite-les-femmes-aveugles-a-ne-pas-mendier.html "Côte d'Ivoire : Euphrasie Yao invite les femmes aveugles à ne pas mendier"]. Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne (in French). Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190609034306/https://pmepmimagazine.info/cote-divoire-euphrasie-yao-explique-limportance-de-la-formation-en-ingenierie-du-genre/ <nowiki>[5] "Côte d'Ivoire</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao explique l'importance de la formation en ingénierie du genre]". Afrique de l'Ouest (in French). 5 February 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019 – via Africa Business Agency. [http://lepointsur.com/compendium-competences-feminines-euphrasie-yao-kouassi-invite-femmes-de-bouake-a-se-faire-identifier-compendiumdescompetencesfeminines/ <nowiki>[6] "Compendium des compétences féminines :Euphrasie Yao Kouassi, invite les femmes de Bouaké à se faire identifier# compendiumdescompétencesfeminines</nowiki>]". Le Point Sur (in French). 29 October 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [7] Hala, Alakagni (14 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190324123206/https://www.fratmat.info/index.php/focus/interview/euphrasie-yao-conseillere-du-president-de-la-republique-chargee-du-genre-nous-devons-concevoir-des-programmes-qui-contribuent-a-la-paix "Euphrasie Yao (Conseillère du Président de la République chargée du genre): Nous devons concevoir des programmes qui contribuent à la paix"]. Fraternité Matin (in French). Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://www.rfi.fr/fr/emission/20180527-euphrasie-kouassi-yao-haweya-mohamed-ammin-youssouf <nowiki>[8] "LES TÊTES D'AFFICHES DE DENISE EPOTÉ</nowiki>]" (in French). Radio France Internationale. 27 May 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170307084033/https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2016/af/265246.htm <nowiki>[9] "2016 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices</nowiki>]". Government of the Ivory Coast. 3 March 2017. Archived from the original on 7 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [[https://books.google.com/books?id=tj_bCwAAQBAJ&q=Euphrasie+Yao <nowiki>10] Water, people and cooperation: 50 years of water programmes for sustainable development at UNESCO</nowiki>]. UNESCO. December 2015. p. 192. ISBN 9789231001284. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [[http://www.linfodrome.com/societe-culture/43539-journee-internationale-de-la-femme-2019-euphrasie-yao-et-des-leaders-ivoiriennes-bientot-honorees-en-tunisie <nowiki>11] "Journée Internationale de la Femme 2019</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao et des leaders ivoiriennes bientôt honorées en Tunisie]". Linfodrome.com (in French). 23 November 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20251212074600/https://news.abidjan.net/articles/702534/cote-divoirelitterature-euphrasie-yao-partage-ses-lecons-et-experiences-de-vie-dans-un-fascinant-ouvrage <nowiki>[12]"Côte d'Ivoire.Littérature</nowiki> : Euphrasie Yao partage ses leçons et expériences de vie dans un fascinant ouvrage]" (in French). Abidjan.net. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2022 40m3oa2cs4la0vpygdhm7esta42hd4q 0 12562 50592 46563 2026-06-13T10:45:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50592 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Touremassere.jpg|thumb|Touré ]] '''Masséré Touré-Koné''' (o belegwe ka 1974) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Ivory Coast]] yo go tloga ka 2006 a neng a tshegetsa malome wa gagwe, [[:en:Alassane_Ouattara|Alassane Ouattara]], yo o neng a tlhophiwa Tautona ka 2010. Fa e sale ka nako eo, o tshwere maemo a a farologaneng a puso mo tlhaeletsanong le matlole, a feleletsa ka go tlhomiwa jaaka Motlatsa Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Botautona jwa Ivory Coast ka Ferikgong 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20241203171113/https://business.abidjan.net/qui/1-presidence/5263-toure-massere <nowiki>[ 1]</nowiki>][https://www.agenceecofin.com/bis-communication/2207-30908-alassane-ouattara-cree-une-direction-de-la-communication-presidentielle-qu-il-confie-a-massere-toure <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://www.afrique-sur7.ci/487376-alassane-ouattara-massere-toure <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] == Dithutego le botshelo jwa pele == O belegwe ka di 30 Phatwe 1974 kwa [[:en:Abidjan|Abidjan]], Masséré Touré o ithutile go bapatsa le tsamaiso kwa Fora kwa [[:en:ICN_Business_School|ICN Business School]] kwa [[:en:Nancy,_France|Nancy]]. O ne gape a bona dikirii ya master mo dipuong kwa [[:en:University_of_Clermond-Ferrand|University of Clermond-Ferrand]]. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/gestion-publique/1501-94396-presidence-de-cote-d-ivoire-massere-toure-devient-secretaire-generale-adjointe <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == Ka 1999, Touré o ne a tsenela [[:en:Jeune_Afrique_Media_Group|Jeune Afrique Media Group]] kwa Paris koo a neng a dira mo go phasalatsang le tlhaeletsano mo dikamanong le [[:en:Jeune_Afrique|Jeune Afrique]] le makasine wa Afrique. O ne a boela kwa Ivory Coast ka 2006, a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/bis-communication/2207-30908-alassane-ouattara-cree-une-direction-de-la-communication-presidentielle-qu-il-confie-a-massere-toure <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] Ka mo go kgethegileng, o ne a tshegetsa malome wa gagwe Alassane Ouattara, a dira jaaka motlhankedi wa tlhaeletsano mo letsholong la Tautona la 2010. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/bis-communication/2207-30908-alassane-ouattara-cree-une-direction-de-la-communication-presidentielle-qu-il-confie-a-massere-toure <nowiki>[ 2]</nowiki>] Gape o ne a solegelwa molemo ke lenyalo la gagwe le Bruno Koné yo o neng a nna tona ya puso.[https://www.agenceecofin.com/bis-communication/2207-30908-alassane-ouattara-cree-une-direction-de-la-communication-presidentielle-qu-il-confie-a-massere-toure <nowiki>[ 2]</nowiki>] Outtara o ne a tlhophiwa go nna moporesidente ka 2010. Ka 2015, o ne a tlhoma lefapha la tlhaeletsano le le neng le eteletswe pele ke Touré yo go fitlha ka nako eo a neng a ntse a tsamaisana le tlhaeletsano ya metswedi ya dikgang. Jaaka motsamaisi, o ne a nna le maikarabelo a go tlhabolola leano la tlhaeletsano la Tautona mme o tsamaisitse dikamano le bobegakgang. Touré o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la boto ya kgwebo ya go gatisa dikgang [[:en:Fraternité_Matin|Fraternité Matin]] ka 2015 le ya Radiodiffucion Télévision Ivorienne (RTI) ka 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20241203171113/https://business.abidjan.net/qui/1-presidence/5263-toure-massere <nowiki>[ 1]</nowiki>] Ka Ferikgong 2022, Ouattara o ne a tlhatlosa Touré go nna Motlatsa Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa Botautona jwa Ivory Coast[https://www.pressafrik.com/Cote-d-Ivoire-Massere-TOURE-la-communicante-et-niece-chouchoutee-d-Alassane-Ouattara-bombardee-secretaire-generale_a242741.html .[ 5]] == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20241203171113/https://business.abidjan.net/qui/1-presidence/5263-toure-massere <nowiki>[1] "TOURE Masséré, Secrétaire générale adjointe de la présidence ivoirienne</nowiki>]" (in French). abidjan.net. 4 January 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2023. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/bis-communication/2207-30908-alassane-ouattara-cree-une-direction-de-la-communication-presidentielle-qu-il-confie-a-massere-toure <nowiki>[2] "Alassane Ouattara créé une direction de la communication présidentielle qu'il confie à Masséré Touré</nowiki>]" (in French). Agence Ecofin. 22 July 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2022. [3] Kouassi, K. Richard (21 July 2022). [https://www.afrique-sur7.ci/487376-alassane-ouattara-massere-toure "Présidence : Alassane Ouattara confie les finances à Masséré Touré]" (in French). Afrique sur 7. Retrieved 17 October 2023. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/gestion-publique/1501-94396-presidence-de-cote-d-ivoire-massere-toure-devient-secretaire-generale-adjointe <nowiki>[4] "Présidence de Côte d'Ivoire</nowiki> : Masséré Touré devient secrétaire générale adjointe]" (in French). Agence Ecofin. 15 January 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2023. [5]Faye, Ayoba (7 January 2022). [https://www.pressafrik.com/Cote-d-Ivoire-Massere-TOURE-la-communicante-et-niece-chouchoutee-d-Alassane-Ouattara-bombardee-secretaire-generale_a242741.html "Côte d'Ivoire: Massere TOURE, la communicante et nièce chouchoutée d'Alassane Ouattara bombardée secrétaire générale adjointe de la présidence"] (in French). Pressafrik: Confidential Afrique. Retrieved 20 October 2023 m7j2ika0ckof9hmj1zv3g1k8cdlc0gf 0 12568 50600 46909 2026-06-13T11:08:14Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50600 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mazamesso Assih''' (o belegwe ka 7 Lwetse 1979 kwa [[:en:Lomé|Lomé]]) ke mopolotiki wa kwa Togo. O ntse a direla jaaka Tona ya Tlhabololo kwa Base, Financial Inclusion, Youth and Youth Employment mo pusong ya Togo go tloga ka 20 Phatwe 2024.[https://devbase.gouv.tg/ministres/mazamesso-assih-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base-et-de-leconomie-sociale-et-solidaire/ <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://web.archive.org/web/20250809065752/https://www.weforum.org/stories/authors/mazamesso-assih/ <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://www.togofirst.com/en/politics/1710-17360-togo-reappoints-mazamesso-assih-as-minister-overseeing-local-development-and-social-economy <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>][https://devbase.gouv.tg/ministres/mazamesso-assih-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base-et-de-leconomie-sociale-et-solidaire/ <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == '''Tiro ya gagwe ya pele kea Europe''' O simolotse tiro ya gagwe kwa setlhopheng sa Qualiteam (Solly Azar) koo a neng a le boikarabelo jwa go lekola dipotfolio le go laola dikotsi tse di seng ka fa tlwaelong. Morago o ne a dira kwa EDF Assurance kwa France jaaka motlhankedi wa kgwebo ya dikoloi, a latelwa ke Aon France le Peugeot France mo ditirong tsa inšorense. Ka ngwaga wa 2011 o ne a tsenela Generali France[https://devbase.gouv.tg/ministres/mazamesso-assih-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base-et-de-leconomie-sociale-et-solidaire/ <nowiki>.[1]</nowiki>][[https://emerging-europe.com/author/mazamessoassih/ <nowiki>5]</nowiki>] '''Go boela Aforika le bogwebi''' Ka ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a tlhoma Haz Consulting, e e simolotseng kwa Benin mme morago ya isiwa kwa Togo. [https://societecivilemedias.com/2020/03/05/togo-mazamaesso-assih-lillustration-dune-jeunesse-dynamique-et-engagee/ <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>][[http://www.alome.com/qui/profil.asp?id=2121 <nowiki>7]</nowiki>] '''Kamano le maphata''' Ka 2014, o ne a thusa go tlhama Letlole la Bosetšhaba la go Tsenyeletsa Ditšhelete (FNFI), [https://fnfi.tg/inclusion-financiere-et-secteur-informel/ <nowiki>[8]</nowiki>] lenaneo la puso le le ikaeletseng go nolofatsa phitlhelelo ya ditirelo tsa ditšhelete go baagi ba ba humanegileng. Ka Ngwanatsele 2017 o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Mokwaledi wa Naga wa Moporesitente wa Rephaboliki yo o ikarabelelang ka go akaretsa madi le go rulaganya lekala le le sa rulaganngwang. Ka Diphalane 2020, o ne a nna Tona e e rweleng maikarabelo a go akaretsa madi le go rulaganya lephata le le sa rulaganngwang. Ka Phatwe 2024 o ne a tsaya maemo a gagwe a ga jaana a bodihedi.[https://fnfi.tg/madame-le-secretaire-detat-aupres-de-la-presidence-de-la-republique-charge-de-linclusion-financiere-et-du-secteur-informel-fait-le-bilan-de-son-departement-au-cours-dun-poin/ <nowiki>[ 9]</nowiki>] == Go amogelwa ke mokgatlho == Mazamesso Assih ke leloko la Union for the Republic (UNIR). Fa e sale ka Sedimonthole 2017 o ntse a dira jaaka Motlatsa Moemedi wa Bosetšhaba wa UNIR Youth Movement. [https://www.agenceecofin.com/politique/0210-80884-togo-composition-du-nouveau-gouvernement <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>][[https://unir.tg/les-mouvements-du-parti/mouvement-des-jeunes-unir/mouvement-des-jeunes-unir-organisation/ <nowiki>11]</nowiki>] == Bomosola jwa gagawe == Ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa gagwe, Togo e tsentse tirisong diphetogo go oketsa seelo sa go akaretsa madi, go akaretsa leano la bosetšhaba le phetogo (e e bidiwang "R4 ") go nonotsha tshegetso ya dikgwebo tse di potlana thata, tse di nnye le tse di magareng (VSMEs). Tiro ya gagwe e mo baya mo gare ga baeteledipele ba sepolotiki ba baša ba Togo.[ 12][13] == Metswedi == [https://devbase.gouv.tg/ministres/mazamesso-assih-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base-et-de-leconomie-sociale-et-solidaire/ <nowiki>[1] "MAZAMESSO ASSIH, Ministre du Développement à la Base et de l'Economie Sociale et Solidaire</nowiki>]". Ministère du Développement à la Base et de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire (in French). Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250809065752/https://www.weforum.org/stories/authors/mazamesso-assih/ <nowiki>[2] "Mazamesso Assih - Agenda Contributor"</nowiki>]. World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 2025-08-09. Retrieved 2025-10-30. [3] First, Togo. "[https://www.togofirst.com/en/politics/1710-17360-togo-reappoints-mazamesso-assih-as-minister-overseeing-local-development-and-social-economy Togo Reappoints Mazamesso Assih as Minister Overseeing Local Development and Social Economy".] www.togofirst.com. Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://devbase.gouv.tg/ministres/mazamesso-assih-ministre-du-developpement-a-la-base-et-de-leconomie-sociale-et-solidaire/ <nowiki>[4] "MAZAMESSO ASSIH, Ministre du Développement à la Base et de l'Economie Sociale et Solidaire</nowiki>]". Ministère du Développement à la Base et de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire (in French). Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://emerging-europe.com/author/mazamessoassih/ <nowiki>[5] "Mazamesso Assih, author, Emerging Europe</nowiki>]". Emerging Europe. Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://societecivilemedias.com/2020/03/05/togo-mazamaesso-assih-lillustration-dune-jeunesse-dynamique-et-engagee/ <nowiki>[6] "Togo</nowiki> : Mazamaesso ASSIH, l'illustration d'une jeunesse dynamique et engagée]". Societé Civile Médias (in French). 2020-03-05. Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://web.archive.org/web/20251104031500/http://www.alome.com/qui/profil.asp?id=2121 <nowiki>[7] "Mazamesso ASSIH (Ministre de l'Inclusion financière et de l'Organisation du secteur informel rattaché à la Présidence togolaise) aLome.com Qui est qui</nowiki>]?". Alome. Retrieved 2025-10-30. [https://fnfi.tg/inclusion-financiere-et-secteur-informel/ <nowiki>[8] "Inclusion Financière et Organisation du Secteur Informel</nowiki>]". FNFI (in French). Retrieved 2025-10-30. [9] importeur (2019-01-31). [https://fnfi.tg/madame-le-secretaire-detat-aupres-de-la-presidence-de-la-republique-charge-de-linclusion-financiere-et-du-secteur-informel-fait-le-bilan-de-son-departement-au-cours-dun-poin/ "Madame le Secrétaire d'Etat auprès de la Présidence de la République chargé de l'Inclusion Financière et du Secteur Informel fait le bilan de son département au cours d'un point de presse]". FNFI (in French). Retrieved 2025-10-30. [10] Ecofin, Agence. "[https://www.agenceecofin.com/politique/0210-80884-togo-composition-du-nouveau-gouvernement Togo : composition du nouveau gouvernement]". Agence Ecofin (in French). Retrieved 2025-10-30. 8pc06m957jge3qvpcg42b2dqm1zsswq 0 12612 50534 46700 2026-06-13T01:05:30Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barbara Dallas Creecy''' (o o tshotsweng ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 1958) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] le molweladitshwanelo wa pele kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele o e neng e le tona wa dipalamo fa e sale ka Phukwi 2024. E ne e le tona wa tikologo, dikgwa le go tshwara ditlhaphi ka 2019 go tsena 2024. Ke leloko la komiti kgolo ya [[African National Congress]] (ANC). A goletse kwa [[Johannesburg]], Creecy o nnile leloko la ANC ka 1979, a le matlhagatlhaga mo [[United Democratic Front]]. Ka dingwaga tsa 1994 go tsena 2019, o ne a bereka mo ofising ya peo molao ya kgaolo ya Gauteng, gape e le leloko la khansele ya metshameko, itloso bodutu, botaki le ngwao go tswa ka (2004 go tsena 2009), la thuto (ka 2009 go tsena 2014) le la madi (go tswa ka 2014 go tsena 2019). O nnile mopalamente wa Aforika Borwa ka ditlhopho tsa Motsheganong 2019, morago a tlhophiwa go nna tona ke tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]]. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == A tshotswe ka Seetebosigo a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 1958<ref>[https://www.elections.org.za/pw/Documents/Candidates-List-NPE2024/National%20Candidates%20List.pdf "Final Candidate Lists for 2024 National and Provincial Elections: National Candidates"] (PDF). ''Electoral Commission of South Africa''. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref>, Creecy o goletse kwa [[Johannesburg]].<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170511040128/http://www.gauteng.gov.za/government/departments/provincial-treasury/Pages/MEC-profile.aspx "MEC Profile: Ms Barbara Creecy".] ''Government of Gauteng''. Archived from the original on 11 May 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> Rraagwe ke ramatlotlo o o goletseng kwa [[United Kingdom]], a tlhokafala Creecy a le dingwaga di robabobedi<ref name=":1">Segar, Sue (22 November 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250121150605/https://noseweek.co.za/wp/article/environmental-impact/ "Environmental impact".] ''Noseweek''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220424195347/https://ewn.co.za/2019/08/08/behind-the-politics-creecy-on-student-activism-juggling-career-and-family-life "Behind the Politics: Creecy on student activism, juggling career and family life".] ''EWN''. 8 August 2019. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref>. E ne e le leloko la pathi ya Communist gape a le kgatlhanong le ntwa ya bobedi ya mafatshe; mmaagwe, e ne e le morwadie bobedi jo bo neng bo le maloko a magotla a babereki, ba ba neng ba na le seabe mo polotiking<ref name=":1" />. Morago ga go aloga ka matric kwa Roedean School kwa [[Parktown]], Johannesburg, Creecy o ne a ya go tsena sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[University of the Witwatersrand]] ka thuso ya madi, a simolotse ka 1976.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://mg.co.za/the-green-guardian/2020-11-06-qa-sessions-you-can-make-a-difference-if-you-want-to/?login=success "Barbara Creecy: 'You can make a difference if you want to'".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 6 November 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> O ne a aloga ka Honours degree ya political Science, morago a fetsa Master's degree ya molao wa setshaba kwa [[University of London]].<ref>[https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/transport-ministry/barbara-creecy-ms "Barbara Creecy, Ms".] ''South African Government''. Retrieved 15 December 2025</ref> == Go lwela ditshwanelo kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele == Creecy o ne a nna le seabe mo letsholong le le kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele fa e le moithuti wa polotiki, o ne a nna leloko la [[African National Congress]] (ANC) ka nako e e neng e ileditswe fa a dira ngwaga wa bofelo wa sekolo ka 1979, morago ga go tsenelela bokopano kwa Roma University kwa [[Lesotho]].<ref name=":1" /> O ne a tswelela ka go tsaya karolo mo go lweleng ditshwanelo fa a bereka le mmueledi wa ditshwanelo tsa setho [[Priscilla Jana]], e ne e le leloko la United Democratic Front (UDF) fa e tlhamiwa ka 1983.<ref name=":1" /> Morago o ne a bereka le UDF, pele e le leloko la Civic Desk le e le mmereki wa lekgotla le le ikemetseng le le neng le e fa makgotla thuto le kemo nokeng. O ne a na le seabe mo tirisanong mmogo ya UDF le Congress of South African Trade Unions ka fa tlase ga lekgotla la Mass Democratic Movement.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> O berekile le ANC, a bega ka didirisiwa tsa yone kwa [[Botswana]]. O ne a tshabile ka nakwana a fetsa dikgwedi tse pedi kwa Soviet Union.<ref name=":1" /> == Metswedi == 0wkztv2bopt82njc6v0ll9y3l1ldqtu 0 12795 50559 50146 2026-06-13T08:14:22Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50559 wikitext text/x-wiki Kgosi ya morafe [[Setshwantsho:Mezmay,_Village,_Rural_houses,_Russia.jpg|thumb]] '''Kgosi''' ya morafe ke moeteledipele yo mogolo mo setšhabeng sa Setswana. Ke ene a etelelang pele morafe, a tlhokomela kagiso, le go netefatsa gore batho ba tshela ka kutlwano. Mo [[Setso sa Setswana|setso,]] kgosi o tlhomiwa ka ngwao le tatelano ya bogosi, mme o tshwanetse go nna motho wa seriti, boitshwaro jo bo siameng le botlhale. Batho ba morafe ba mo tlotla ka gonne o emela tsotlhe tse di amang botshelo jwa bone.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Deb |date=2019-05-09 |title=Home {{!}} Sunday Standard |url=https://www.sundaystandard.info/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mo nageng ya Botswana, dikgosi di na le seabe se segolo mo pusong ya setso. Di dira mmogo le puso go rarabolola dikgotlhang le go tlisa tlhabololo mo metseng. Sekao sa seno ke dikabelo tsa Ntlo ya Dikgosi, e e nayang dikgosi sebaka sa go tlhagisa dikakanyo tsa morafe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.gamaidi.co.za/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=Ba Ga Maidi |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250402214115/https://www.gamaidi.co.za/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ekhaya |url=https://iafrika.org/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=iAfrika |language=en-ZA |archive-date=2026-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203160741/https://iafrika.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>Kgosi e tshwanetse go reetsa batho ba yone kwa kgotleng, e ba neye tshono ya go bua le go rarabolola mathata ka tekatekano. Gape kgosi ke motshegetsi wa ngwao le meetlo ya morafe. O tlhokomela gore meletlo, ditso le melao ya setso di a latelwa. O ruta basha tlotlo, boikanyego le maikarabelo. Ka jalo, kgosi ya morafe e botlhokwa thata ka gonne e boloka kagiso, e aga sechaba, mme e netefatsa gore morafe o tswelela pele ka kutlwano le tlotlo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BaTaung Boo Selale – A dynamic, viable and emergent morafe |url=https://bataung.org.za/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |language=en-US |archive-date=2026-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260207045554/https://bataung.org.za/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ref sources: https://www.sundaystandard.info https://web.archive.org/web/20250402214115/https://www.gamaidi.co.za/ https://web.archive.org/web/20260203160741/https://iafrika.org/ https://web.archive.org/web/20260207045554/https://bataung.org.za/ == Ditshupetso == <references /> qf2syvod8sa5o6s0f0k3muug6ppw94z 0 12979 50562 48863 2026-06-13T08:38:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50562 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thulasizwe Siphiwe Dambuza''' (o tshotswe ka 19 Phukwi 1998), yo o itsewang thata ka leina la Lasizwe, ke mo[[Aforika Borwa]] yo o dirang YouTube, motho wa metswedi ya dikgang, moitsesele wa thelebishene le motlhagisi mo mecheng ya puisano. O tumile ka go bontsha ka metlae maitsholo a letsatsi le letsatsi a batho. Go gaisa tsotlhe, o butse tsela e ntšha jaaka Moaforika wa ntlha go etelela pele lenaneo la nnete la thelebishene mo MTV Africa, ''Lasizwe: Fake It Till You Make It'', le le atlegileng ka dipaka di le tharo mo dingwageng tse di kwa tlase ga pedi. Se se mo diretse gore a tlhophiwe mo makasineng wa [[Forbes 30 Under 30|Forbes]] mo lenaaneng la ''Forbes Africa 30 under 30''.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/lasizwe-fake-it-till-you-make-it-returns-for-third-season-51128775 "'@Lasizwe Fake It till You Make It' returns for third season".] ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Ke motlhami le moamogedi wa letoto la YouTube ''Awkward Dates'', mo a yang mo ditiragalong tsa go ratana a sa itse molekane le batho ba ba tumileng,<ref name=":0">[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2023-06-22-lasizwe-announces-new-celeb-show-awkward-dates/ "Lasizwe announces new celeb show 'Awkward Dates'"]. ''timeslive.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> gape ke motlhami le moamogedi wa lenaneo la dipapadi la YouTube ''Drink or Tell the Truth''. Ka 2025, o tlhagisitse letoto la metlae la YouTube ''Nomatriquency: The Funeral''. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Lasizwe o tsholetswe kwa [[Soweto]], [[Aforika Borwa]]. O ithutile kwa Meredale Primary, sekolo sa poraemari se se nang le merafe e e farologaneng kwa Meredale, borwa jwa [[Johannesburg]], mme morago a ya kwa Mondeor High School kwa Mondeor. Mmaagwe, Lindiwe Dambuza yo o tlhokafetseng ka 2016, e ne e le mooki wa dingwaga di le 40 kwa Lesedi Private Hospital, a le mo kamanong le rraagwe, Menzi Mcunu.<ref>[https://zalebs.com/drama/lasizwe-dambuza/lasizwe-dambuza-opens-about-losing-his-mother-18 "Lasizwe Dambuza opens up about losing his mother at 18"]. ''zalebs.com''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Mmogo le mmaagwe, kgaitsadie Zonke Nkabinde o ne a na le seabe se segolo mo botshelong jwa gagwe, a mo kaela le go mo sireletsa. Lasizwe o ne a lemoga gore go na le sengwe se se farologaneng ka ene: o ne a sa itumele fa a le mo go basimane mme a kgona go ikgolaganya le ditaba tsa bomme. Fa a na le dingwaga di le 15, o ne a lemoga gore ke mosodoma.<ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2017-06-21-thulasizwe-lasizwe-dambuza-on-being-gay/ "Thulasizwe 'LaSizwe' Dambuza on being gay"]. ''sowetanlive.co.za''. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref> == Tiro == Pele a simolola tiro ya gagwe, mmaagwe Lasizwe o ne a mo isa kwa di-audition tsa thelebishene beke le beke go ralala [[Gauteng]] go simologa a sa le mo sekolong sa poraemari. Fa a na le dingwaga di le 12, mmaagwe o ne a mo tlhalosetsa gore di-audition tseo tsotlhe di ne di sa tlhole di kgona go duelelwa ke lelapa. O ne a tsena mo dikgaisanong tse di farologaneng tse di neng di naya meputso e e jaaka difouno kgotsa didiriswa tsa audiovisual. Fa a sena go fenya founo mo kgaisanong ya radio, o ne a simolola go dira dikateng tsa gagwe tsa ntlha. O ne a dirisa laptop ya mmaagwe go rekota le go ithuta go dira diphetogo tsa dibidio, a boloka dibidio mo di-disc tsa DVD mme a di lebelela mo thelebisheneng.<ref>[https://www.snl24.com/drum/celebs/news/what-it-takes-to-be-a-youtube-star-lasizwe-gives-some-insights-20210608 "What it takes to be a YouTube star – Lasizwe gives some insights"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Tlhologelo ya go bonala mo TV e ne ya mo tlhotlheletsa go baya dibidio mo Facebook, mme kwa bofelong a simolola go dira dikateng tse di amang batho ba South Africa. Bidi ya gagwe ya ntlha e e mo tlisitseng botumo, ''Ek Sal Doom Jou'', e ne e le skit e e theilweng mo dipegong tsa dikgang ka moruti mongwe yo o neng a baka kganetsano ka go tshela batho ba gagwe sebolayadikokonyana mo kerekeng. Bidi eo e ne ya ata thata (viral), mme seno sa dira gore ditheo tsotlhe tsa kgwebo di simolole go mo atamela ka dipapatso.<ref>[https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sundayworld/lifestyle/2019-01-28-lasizwes-show-lets-fans-in-his-world/ "Lasizwe's show lets fans in his world"]. ''sowetanlive.co.za''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Magareng ga 2020 le 2021, o ne a kgona go kokoanya madi a R2 milione go thusa baithuti ba ba neng ba tlhoka madi a go ikwadisa. Seno se ne sa diragala mo nakong ya ditshupetso tsa “Fees Must Fall” mo South Africa, mme sa thusa baithuti ba le 313 ka letsholo la “R10 goes a long way”.<ref>[https://www.snl24.com/drum/celebs/news/lasizwe-and-friends-return-with-the-r10randgoesalongway-initiative-to-help-the-class-of-2021-20211119-3 "Lasizwe and friends return with the #R10RandGoesALongWay initiative to help the Class of 2021"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2022, o ne a tlhagisiwa mo lenaaneng la Forbes Africa “30 Under 30”. Dambuza o ne a neela katlego eno go batsadi ba gagwe ba ba tlhokafetseng, a kwala mo Twitter gore: “Go simologa ka go dira dibidio ka founo mo mebileng ya Pimville, Soweto go ya go tsena mo #Forbes30Under30. Sotlhe se a kgonega. Ke neela katlego eno go batsadi ba me botlhe. Mosimane wa lona o mo FORBES.”<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/the-juice/news/lasizwe-makes-forbes-30-under-30-list-20220606 "Lasizwe makes Forbes' 30 under 30 list"]. ''news24.com''. Retrieved 23 January 2023.</ref> === Metswedi ya phatlalatso === Lasizwe o tlhageletse mo MTV Base Africa ''You Got Got'' e le mongwe wa baamogedi ba bagolo, gape a neela mananeo mo SABC 3 ''The Scoop Africa'' le SABC 1 ''The Real Goboza''. O ne a tshwara tiragalo ya kwa ntle le Mabala Noise mme a neela sekgelelo mo South African Hip Hop Awards ya 2017. O ne a tlhagelela mo papatsong ya TV ya Nando's le ya Fanta jaaka motsamaisi yo mosha wa papatso ya bašwa. Kwa bofelong jwa 2017, o ne a nna moamogedi wa radio kwa TouchHD. Ka 2018, o ne a bona seabe sa go tsamaisa lenaneo la bašwa la e.tv ''Craz-e World Live'' le gape lenaneo la VOOV TV ''VOOVScoop''.<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-za/entertainment/celebrity/lasizwe-joins-the-mtv-you-got-got-crew/ar-BBADKV7 "Lasizwe joins the MTV You Got Got crew"]. ''msn.com''. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref><ref>[http://www.mtv.co.za/news/sas-parody-king-lasizwe-joins-you-got-got/blbyao "SAíS PARODY KING LASIZWE JOINS MTVíS YOU GOT GOT TEAM"]. ''mtv.co.za''. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref><ref>^{[''permanent dead link'']}</ref><ref>[https://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/lasizwe-tells-us-about-his-spicy-new-show-on-touch-hd-20171012 "Lasizwe tells us about his spicy new show on Touch HD"]. ''channel24.co.za''. 11 October 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.dailysun.co.za/News/Entertainment/lasizwe-rocks-a-towel-to-the-sa-hip-hop-awards-20171213 "LASIZWE ROCKS A TOWEL TO THE SA HIP HOP AWARDS!"]. ''dailysun.co.za''. Retrieved 24 February 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/lasizwe-lands-two-tv-gigs-20180205 "Lasizwe lands two TV gigs"]. ''channel24.co.za''. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2019, o ne a dira tumalano ya tirisanommogo le GAME Stores, morago ga go baya bidio mo mecheng ya gagwe ya puisano e e bontshang sebapadi sa gagwe se se tumileng “Nomatriquency” se dirisana le puisano ya tiro kwa GAME.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/youtube-sensation-lasizwe-signs-deal-with-major-retail-brand-23748718 "YouTube sensation Lasizwe signs deal with major retail brand"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 21 April 2022.</ref> Ka Phukwi 2020, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Netflix ''Seriously Single''. Ka Ngwanatsele 2020, o ne a nna moamogedi wa lenaneo la mmino la SABC 1 le ''Telkom Monate Vibes''.<ref>[https://lamag.africa/telkom-monate-vibes-airs-this-summer-with-lasizwe-and-anele-zondo/ "TELKOM MONATE VIBES, AIRS THIS SUMMER WITH LASIZWE AND ANELE ZONDO"]. ''lamag.africa''. Retrieved 14 October 2024.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2021, o ne a dira tirisanommogo le Steers mo letsholong la #NomatriquencyxSteers, le le neng la bontsha sebapadi sa gagwe Nomatriquency se bona tiro kwa khamphaning eo. Morago ga moo mo ngwageng oo, o ne a nna moamogedi wa lenaneo la metlae la ''Comedy Central Roast'' (spin-off).<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-11-12-lasizwe-is-back-for-revenge-as-host-of-comedy-central-roast/ "Lasizwe is back for 'revenge' as host of Comedy Central Roast"]. ''timeslive.co.za''. Retrieved 15 April 2022.</ref> Ka 1 Moranang 2022, o ne a tlhagelela mo serialeng ya e.tv ''Durban Gen''. Mo kgweding eo gape, o ne a tlhophilwe mo sehlopheng sa motho yo o rategang mo DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards ya 2022. Gape o ne a tshwanetse go tlhagelela ka seabe se se khutshwane mo serialeng ya Netflix ya Aforika ''Savage Beauty''. Ka Phatwe 2022, Lasizwe o ne a fenya dikgelelo tse pedi tsa Prism Awards ka ntlha ya sebapadi sa gagwe sa inthanete Nomatriquency.<ref name=":1">[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/lasizwes-nomatriquency-bags-2-prism-awards-d483a92d-be67-4d4b-b39c-00a365479eb7 "Lasizwe's Nomatriquency bags 2 Prism Awards"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 23 January 2023.</ref> Ka 3 Lwetse 2022, o ne a tsamaisa khatiso ya bo16 ya [[South African Film and Television Awards]].<ref>[https://sundayworld.co.za/celebrity-news/entertainment/lasizwe-to-host-saftas-red-carpet/ "Lasizwe to host Saftas red carpet"]. ''sundayworld.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2023, o ne a fenya sehla sa bobedi sa lenaneo la nnete la [[Canon]] ''The Perfect Picture''.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/lasizwe-crowned-winner-of-the-perfect-picture-season-2-eb8639f9-7545-4ad8-8e7e-81e44df987d3 "Lasizwe crowned winner of 'The Perfect Picture' season 2"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 2023, o ne a nna mongwe wa batshameki mo lenaneong la metlae la [[Trevor Noah]] ''LOL: Last One Laughing South Africa'', moo batshameki ba gaisanang ka go emela dithuso tsa Aforika Borwa ka moputso wa R1 milione.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/tv/see-the-home-grown-comedy-stars-who-join-trevor-noah-in-lol-last-one-laughing-south-africa-20231115 "See the 'home-grown comedy stars' who join Trevor Noah in LOL: Last One Laughing South Africa"]. ''news24.com''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Ka Motsheganong 2024, Lasizwe o ne a nna karolo ya setlhopha sa batlhodi mo lenaneong la ''Roast of Minnie Dlamini''.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/celeste-ntuli-lasizwe-robert-marawa-all-star-panel-assembled-for-roast-of-minnie-dlamini-e38570b2-9b82-41c9-be8a-488d35f36075 "Celeste Ntuli, Lasizwe, Robert Marawa: All star panel assembled for 'Roast of Minnie Dlamini'"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Ka Phatwe 2025, o ne a tlhophilwe mo South Africa Social Media Awards mo dikarolong tsa African Social Media Star of the Year, Most Popular Content Across Platforms le Social Media Personality of the Year.<ref>[https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/celebs/lasizwe-dambuza-tells-fans-dont-vote-for-him-at-sasma-awards-over-r10-cost-20250822 "Lasizwe to Mzansi, don't VOTE for me!"]. ''Daily Sun''. Retrieved 22 August 2025.</ref> Ka Mopito 2026, o ne a nna mongwe wa batlhophiwa ba le 20 ba pele mo Humaz Top 20 Awards 2026 ka ntlha ya go dira dikateng.<ref><code><nowiki>{{cite web}}</nowiki></code>: [[Text "Why The City Makoti, Lasizwe, Primo, Robot Boii are the hottest content creators of 2026" ignored (help)]]</ref> === Mmino === Ka Ngwanatsele 2017, o ne a tlhagelela mo bidiong ya mmino ya [[Babes Wodumo]] le [[Ntando Duma]] bakeng sa pina ''"Jiva Phez'kombhede"''.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180130204538/http://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2017/11/15/lasizwe-is-coming-for-everything-and-his-new-song-proves-it_a_23278119/ "Lasizwe Is Coming For Everything And His New Song Proves It".] ''huffingtonpost.co.za''. Archived from [http://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2017/11/15/lasizwe-is-coming-for-everything-and-his-new-song-proves-it_a_23278119/ the original] on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref> == YouTube == Lasizwe ke Mo-[[YouTuber]] yo o nang le dipatlisisiso tse di fetang '''milione 80''' mo dibidiong tsa gagwe. Ka April 2019, Lasizwe o ne a amogela '''silver play button''' go tswa mo YouTube ka ntlha ya go fitlha '''batsayiri 100,000'''.<ref>[https://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/lasizwe-awarded-silver-play-button-from-youtube-for-reaching-100k-subscribers-20190401 "Lasizwe awarded silver play button from YouTube for reaching 100k subscribers"]. ''channel24.co.za''. 29 March 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2019.</ref> Ka April 2021, o ne a tsea letoto la YouTube ''[[Drink or Tell the Truth]]'', fa ba tumileng ba ne ba naya kgetho magareng ga go araba potso ka nnete kgotsa go nwa [[shot]] ya seno se se dirilweng ke Lasizwe.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/watch-lasizwes-trailer-for-his-new-drink-or-tell-the-truth-youtube-show-get-tongues-wagging-58ec1c25-daf4-40c8-9620-5260932b560d "WATCH: Lasizwe's trailer for his new 'Drink or Tell the Truth' YouTube show get tongues wagging"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 14 April 2025.</ref> Ka June 2023, Lasizwe o ne a tsea letoto le lesha la YouTube, ''[[Awkward Dates]]''. Karolo ya ntlha e ne ya phatlaladiwa mo channel ya gagwe ka July, e le mpho ya letsatsi la matsalo. Letoto la [[YouTube]] ke lenaneo la metlae fa Lasizwe a tsamaya mo ditiragalong tsa go ratana a sa itse molekane le batho ba ba tumileng.<ref name=":0" /> A tlhalosa tsholofelo e e tlhotlheleditseng lenaneo, o ne a bolelela ''[[Daily Sun]]'' gore kgopolo e ne ya tsoga mo nakong e e lefifi mo botshelong jwa gagwe: ''"Ke ne ke le mo bothateng jo bogolo jwa maikutlo mme ke ne ke sa tlhole ke na le bokgoni jwa go tlhama. Ka letsatsi le leng, ke ne ka lebelela lenaneo le le bidiwang [[Chicken Shop Date]] la Mo-UK yo o dirang dikatlego, mme ke tlhogomela kgopolo. Ka simolola go nagana ka gore nka e tokafatsa jang le go dira ya sephiri sa me."''<ref>[https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/lasizwe-reveals-how-dark-times-inspired-awkward-dates/ "Lasizwe reveals how dark times inspired Awkward Dates"]. ''Bona Magazine''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Morago ga katlego ya lenaneo, le ne la tlhophilwe mo kgethong ya '''Best Online Content''' mo 2024 [[South African Film|South African Film and Television Awards]]. Ka April 2025, go ne ga itsiwe gore lenaneo le tla phatlaladiwa mo [[Mzansi Magic]] morago ga katlego ya lone mo inthaneteng. Ka June 2025, lenaneo le ne la tlhaolwa mo [[DSTV]] ke [[MultiChoice]]. Tshwetso e ne ya latela boammaaruri jwa gore baeng ba le bantsi ba ne ba batla go duelelwa. Baeng ba ne ba re ba dumetse fela go tlhagelela mo [[YouTube]] mme e seng mo TV ya setso. Boemo joo bo ne jwa tlhotlheletsa Lasizwe le MultiChoice go fedisa konteraka ya bone.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/controversy-forces-lasizwe-dambuza-and-multichoice-to-split-and-take-awkward-dates-off-air-20250628-0807 "Controversy forces Lasizwe Dambuza and MultiChoice to split and take Awkward Dates off air"]. ''news24.com''. Retrieved 22 August 2025.</ref> Ka Phalane 2025, Lasizwe o ne a tsea letoto le le lesha la YouTube, ''[[Nomatriquency: The Funeral]]'', fa a tshameka sebapadi sa gagwe sa metlae se se tumileng “Nomatriquency” se se itsegeng gape jaaka “Tricky Baby”.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/2025-11-03-from-cellphones-to-cinematic-cameras-lasizwe-dambuza-debuts-another-series-on-youtube/ "From cellphones to cinematic cameras: Lasizwe Dambuza debuts another series on YouTube"]. ''timeslive.co.za''. Retrieved 13 November 2025.</ref> == Ditumelano tsa papatso == Ka tshimologo ya 2018, Lasizwe o ne a nna '''Teen Marketing Director''' wa '''Fanta'''.<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-za/entertainment/celebrity/lasizwe-dambuza-the-new-teen-marketing-director-for-fanta/ar-AAuNtE5 "Lasizwe Dambuza the new Teen Marketing Director for Fanta"]. ''msn.com''. Retrieved 28 January 2018.</ref> O ne a tlhophilwe mo Feather Awards mo karolong ya ''Social Media Personality of the Year'',<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20191005222452/https://www.enca.com/life/2019-feather-awards-nominees-announced "2019 Feather Awards nominees announced"]. ''enca.com''. Archived from [https://www.enca.com/life/2019-feather-awards-nominees-announced the original] on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2019.</ref> mme a amogela People’s Choice Award ka 2021. Gape o ne a bidiwa mongwe wa YouTubers ba ba kwa godimo mo Aforika Borwa ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga tse 24.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2021-12-02-podcaster-macg-and-lasizwe-among-top-youtube-creators-in-2021/ "Podcaster MacG and Lasizwe among top YouTube creators in 2021"]. ''timeslive.co.za''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a tlhophilwe gape jaaka ''The E! African Social Star''.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/celebrities/news/the-e-african-social-star-of-2021-nominees-are-here-20211028 "The E! African Social Star of 2021 nominees are here"]. ''news24.com''. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Lasizwe gape ke Mo-Aforika Borwa wa ntlha go bona tumelano ya papatso (endorsement deal) ya sebapadi sa maaka (fictional character) se a se dirileng se bidiwang “Nomatriquency”.<ref>[https://sundayworld.co.za/news/lasizwe-bags-an-endorsement-with-steers-for-his-nomatriquency-character/ "Lasizwe bags an endorsement with Steers for his Nomatriquency character"]. ''sundayworld.co.za''. 27 September 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2023, o ne a fenya season 2 ya lenaneo la nnete la TV la [[Canon]], ''The Perfect Picture'', a amogela sekgele le tšhelete ya R150,000, mmogo le dithoto tsa Canon tse di jang R100,000.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/local/lasizwe-crowned-winner-of-the-perfect-picture-season-2-eb8639f9-7545-4ad8-8e7e-81e44df987d3 "Lasizwe crowned winner of 'The Perfect Picture' season 2"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2024, [[Volvo Cars]] South Africa e ne ya tlhoma Lasizwe le Thea Booysen jaaka EX30 Champions go bapatsa koloi ya motlakase e ntšhwa, [[EX30]]. Mo letsholong leo, Lasizwe o ne a bontsha diaparo tsa ''Autumn–Winter 2024'' tse di dirilweng ke moaparo wa mo gae, Nao Serati, tse di neng di tlhotlheleditswe ke bokahare jwa koloi ya Volvo ka thekenoloji ya [[AI]].<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/technology/software-and-internet/lasizwe-dambuza-models-locally-made-garment-with-ai-technology-0f265199-79b5-487b-88ec-74a332de688e "Lasizwe Dambuza models locally made garment with AI technology"]. ''iol.co.za''. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</ref> == Lenane la Difilimi == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo !Dintlha |- |2010 |[[Generations]] | | |- |2015 |[[Dinner With Vuzu]] | | |- |2017 |[[MTV You Got Got]] | | |- |2017 |The Scoop Africa | | |- |2017 |The Real Gaboza | | |- |2018 |[[Craz-e World Live]] | | |- |2018 |VOOVSCoop | | |- |2018 |[[MTV You Got Got]] | | |- |2019-Bogompienong |@Lasizwe: Fake It till You Make It | | |- |2020 |[[Seriously Single]] | | |- |2020 |Telkom Monate Vibes | | |- |2022 |[[Durban Gen]] | | |- |2022 |[[Savage Beauty]] | | |- |2023 |LOL: Last One Laughing South Africa | | |- |2023 |The Perfect Picture | | |- |2024 |Laugh Africa Comedy: Roast of Minnie Dlamini | | |} == Dikgele le Ditlotlo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Sekgele !Karolo !Sephetho |- |2028 |Avance Media Awards |O ne a bewa #7 mo go 100 ya basha ba ba nang le tshusumetso e kgolo mo Aforika Borwa |O fentse<ref>[https://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/lasizwe-named-one-of-the-top-10-most-influential-young-south-africans-20190307 "Lasizwe named one of the top 10 most influential young South Africans"]. ''channel24.co.za''. Retrieved 13 March 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2019-03-11-lasizwes-influence-is-reaching-new-heights/ "Lasizwe's influence is reaching new heights"]. ''timeslive.co.za''. 6 March 2019. Retrieved 13 March 2019.</ref> |- |2018 |Advance Media Awards |Lifestyle Category |O fentse<ref>[https://www.all4women.co.za/1704765/entertainment/sa-celebs/confused-fans-question-how-lasizwe-beat-bonang-on-influential-list-ranking "How did Lasizwe beat Bonang on "influential list" ranking?"]. ''all4women.co.za''. 8 March 2019. Retrieved 13 March 2019.</ref> |- |2019 |[[Feather Awards]] |Social Media Personality of the Year |O tlhophilwe<ref name=":2" /> |- |2021 |[[People's Choice Awards]] |African Social Star 2021 |O tlhophilwe<ref>Mazibuko, Thando (3 November 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260423145507/https://mgosi.co.za/lasizwe-nominated-for-peoples-choice-awards/ "Lasizwe Nominated for Peoples Choice Awards! - Mgosi"]. Mgosi. Retrieved 3 November 2021.</ref> |- |2022 |[[2022 DStv Mzansi Viewers Choice Awards]] |Favorite personality |O tlhophilwe<ref>[https://www.snl24.com/drum/celebs/news/the-dstv-mzansi-viewers-choice-awards-are-back-20220413 "The DStv Mzansi Viewers' Choice Awards are back"]. news24.com. 13 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.</ref> |- |2022 |Prism Awards |Media relations (Gold) |O fentse<ref name=":1" /> |- |2022 |Prism Awards |Media relations (Silver) |O fentse<ref name=":1" /> |- |2025 |South African Social Media Awards |African Social Media Star of the Year |O tlhophilwe |- |2025 |South African Social Media Awards |Most Popular Content Across Platforms |O tlhophilwe |- |2025 |South African Social Media Awards |Social Media Personality of the Year |O tlhophilwe |- |2026 |Humanz Top 20 Awards |Digital Star |O fentse<ref>[https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/celebs/youtuber-lasizwe-dambuza-honoured-in-humanz-top-20-awards-for-2026-20260226 "Lasizwe's big win!"]. Daily Sun. Retrieved 6 March 2026.</ref> |} == Metswedi == {{reflist}} 1lwh9b4tle0dhuxcnvexlbahfz5wdxb 0 13163 50548 49598 2026-06-13T05:17:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50548 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luís Filipe Duarte Ferreira da Silva''', yo o itsegeng thata jaaka Filipe Duarte (5 Seetebosigo 1973- 17 Moranang 2020),<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20131224092836/http://www.passmusica.pt/Passmusica/docs/Certidao%20de%20Lista%20de%20Associados%20GDA.ADG.pdf Certidao de Lista de Associados GDA.ADG" (PDF)]. passmusica. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2020</ref> e ne e le motshameki wa setswerere sa botshameki jwa Sepotokisi yo o tsholetsweng kwa Angola.<ref name=":0">"[https://expresso.pt/cultura/2020-04-17-Morreu-o-ator-Filipe-Duarte Actor Filipe Duarte died]". expresso. Retrieved 27 October 2020</ref>O itsege thata ka go tshameka mo difiliming tsa [[Variações: Guardian Angel, Cinzento]] e Negro le Noise. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O belegwe ka 5 Seetebosigo 1973 kwa [[Nova Lisboa]], e ka nako eo e neng e le kwa kgaolong ya [[Portugal]] ya [[Angola]]. O ne a nyetswe ke motshameki mongwe wa dibaesekopo wa Mo-Spain e bong Nuria Mencía. Ba na le ngwana wa mosetsana, Antonia yo o belegweng ka Mopitlwe 2011.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20201202093624/https://sicnoticias.pt/cultura/2020-04-17-Morreu-o-ator-Filipe-Duarte Actor Filipe Duarte died]". sicnoticias. Retrieved 27 October 2020</ref>Duarte o ne a tlhokafala ka 17 Moranang 2020, ka nako ya thibelo ya ntlha ya COVID-19 kwa Portugal, a le dingwaga di le 46 ka ntlha ya go tshwarwa ke bolwetse jwa go ema pelo.<ref name=":0" /> == Tiro ya gagwe ya botshameki == Duarte o ne a fetsa dithuto tsa terama kwa [[Lisbon Theatre and Film School]].<ref name=":0" /> Morago ga moo o ne a fetsa khoso ya go thapisa batshameki kwa Setheong sa Patlisiso le Tlholo ya Metshameko. O simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya go nna motshameki ka go tshameka metshameko e le mmalwa ka fa tlase ga batsamaisi ba ba itsegeng ba theatre Adolfo Gutkin, Rogério de Carvalho, Geraldo Touché, [[Francisco Salgado]], Carlos J. Pessoa, Laila Ripol le Miguel Seabra. Mo thelebisheneng, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya Theorem of Pythagoras, e e neng e eteletswe pele ke Gonçalo Galvão Telles. Morago ga moo o ne a tsenelela mo mananeong a mabedi a thelebishene A Ferreirinha, a a neng a laolwa ke Jorge Paixão da Costa le João Semana, a a neng a laolwa ke João Cayatte. Fa a ne a nna motshameki yo o tumileng wa difilimi, o ne a tshameka karolo e kgolo mo motseletseleng wa Ecuador o o neng o theilwe mo bukeng ya [[Miguel Sousa Tavares]]. Ka 2013, o ne a tshameka karolo e e tumileng ya 'João Belmonte' mo thelebisheneng ya soapie [[Belmonte]].<ref name=":0" /> Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, Filipe o ne a nna a bua mo ditshwantshong tsa metlae le tsa dibaesekopo go akaretsa le moanelwa yo o itsegeng thata e bong 'Sanosuke Sagara' mo motseletseleng wa dibaesekopo wa [[Samurai X]]. Ka nako ya loso lwa gagwe ka 2020, o ne a rekota the Brazilian soap opera Amor de Mãe, a bontsha mo SIC, a ikopanya le batshameki ba ba neng ba tshameka mo filiming ya Nothing Ever Happened e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Gonçalo Galvão Teles.<ref name=":0" /> == Metshameko ya gagwe == *[[Freakazoid-Freakazoid]] * [[Rurouni Kenshin]] - [[Sagara Sanosuke]] * [[Shrek]] - [[Lord Farquaad]] * [[Superman]]: [[The Animated Series - Brainiac]] * [[Tarzan - Tarzan]] == Metswedi == {{reflist}} [[Category:Batho ba ba tshelang]] d1mkda5k5devydpndbrvx9uf6h1buyz 0 13226 50541 49812 2026-06-13T04:08:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50541 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Ditshwanelo tsa setho]] kwa [[Namibia]]''' ga jaana di amogelwa le go sirelediwa ke [[Molaomotheo wa Namibia]] o o tlhamilweng ka 1990 ke kokoano ya manno a le masome a le supa le bobedi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Legal Assistance Centre |title=Overview of the Namibian Constitution |url=http://www.lac.org.na/projects/grap/Pdf/Gov1_Overview_of_Namibian_Constitution.pdf |access-date=2026-05-05 |archive-date=2025-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251013121113/https://www.lac.org.na/projects/grap/Pdf/Gov1_Overview_of_Namibian_Constitution.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kokoano e ne e na le makoko a a farologaneng a sepolotiki. Morago ga go dira draft, molaomotheo o ne wa dumalanwa ke maloko otlhe a makoko a le supa a sepolotiki a a neng a amega.<ref name=":0" /> Letsatsi la Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le motso ka ngwaga wa 1990 ke letsatsi la ntlha Namibia e dira ka fa tlase ga Molaomotheo mme gape e tshwaya kamogelo ya Namibia jaaka setšhaba se se ikemetseng.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13891138|title=Namibia profile- Timeline}}</ref> Kgaolo ya boraro ya molaomotheo e e bidiwang Ditshwanelo le Dikgololesego tsa Motheo tsa Setho, e gape e bidiwang Molaotlhomo wa Ditshwanelo, e tlhalosa ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa baagi botlhe ba Namibia.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=The Constitution of The Republic of Namibia |url=http://www.gov.na/documents/10181/14134/Namibia_Constitution.pdf/37b70b76-c15c-45d4-9095-b25d8b8aa0fb |access-date=2020-11-11 |archive-date=2017-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716100710/http://www.gov.na/documents/10181/14134/Namibia_Constitution.pdf/37b70b76-c15c-45d4-9095-b25d8b8aa0fb |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ditshupiso == 9dhmwsfeqyplnl53xc6nkpxreawqdpd 0 13250 50555 49942 2026-06-13T07:33:42Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Joy Lehai Kanyarutokye|birth_date=1946|birth_place=[[Uganda]]|alma mater=[[Makerere University]]|occupation=Mmabontle|relatives=Sharon O (ngwana wa ngwana)|title=Mma Uganda wa 1968}} '''Joy Lehai Kanyarutokye''' (o o tshotsweng ka 1946)<ref name=":0">[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1516439 "Here is the first Miss Uganda"]. ''New Vision''. Retrieved 13 May 2206</ref><ref name=":1">Says, Luis Rubio (11 February 2020). [https://rodriguezmatute.home.blog/2020/02/11/miss-world-1968/ "Miss World 1968".] ''MISS WORLD HISTORY / HISTORIA DE MISS MUNDO''. Retrieved 13 May 2026</ref> e ne e le mme wa ntlha wa kwa [[Uganda]] go nna mmabontle wa Uganda batsadi ba gagwe ka bobedi e le ba kwa Uganda ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1968.<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1508229 "Beauty Queens since independence".] ''New Vision''. Retrieved 13 May 2026</ref><ref>admin (24 March 2023). [https://web.archive.org/web/20260420060710/https://thepearlmagazine.com/ "Hannah Karema crowned Miss Uganda 2023/ 2024".] ''The Pearl''. Retrieved 13 May 2026</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe le thuto == Lehai e ne e le morwadia Dr Norman Kanyarutokye e le ene wa ntlha mo baneng ba le batlhano.<ref name=":0" /> O alogile kwa sekolong se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[Makerere University]] ka Bachelor of Arts ka ngwaga wa 1970.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230409134413/https://90.mak.ac.ug/sites/default/files/Makerere-UEA-50th-Anniv-Celebrations-Alumni-List-1963%20-1970.pdf Makerere UEA 50th Anniv Celebrations Alumni List 1963 -1970]'' (PDF). Uganda: [[:en:Makerere_University|Makerere University]]. Archived from [https://90.mak.ac.ug/sites/default/files/Makerere-UEA-50th-Anniv-Celebrations-Alumni-List-1963%20-1970.pdf the original] (PDF) on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 13 May 2026</ref><ref name=":0" /> O nyetswe ke Dr. Festo Higiro ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 1970 kwa kerekeng ya All Saints kwa Nakasero mme morago ba tlhalana.<ref name=":0" /> E ne e le nkukuagwe Sharon O, sebini sa pele sa setlhopha sa Obsessions.<ref name=":0" /> == Pereko == O ne a fenya kgaisano ya mmabontle wa Miss Uganda ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1968 kwa Sheraton Hotel kwa Kampala fa a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le bobedi.<ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" />O ne a le bokete jwa di khilogreme di le masome a matlhano, a le boleele jwa maoto a matlhano.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 1968, Lehai o ne a gaisana kwa London kwa mmabontleng wa mafatshefatshe wa ngwaga wa 1968 a emetse leaftshe la Uganda kwa Lyceum Theatre.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == jyn9m11h3lr07vinvui32hi6v4k88b0 0 13383 50558 50464 2026-06-13T08:02:18Z OtengPortia 12840 #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50558 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zambezi''' (e ka kwalawang gape ele '''Zambese''' kana '''Zambesi''') ke noka [[:en:List_of_river_systems_by_length|ya bone a kgolo]] mo Aforika, noka e kgolo e tshologelang botlhaba mo Aforika gape e leng yona oka e kgolo e tshologelang mo [[:en:Indian_Ocean|lewatleng la Indiana]] go tswa mo Aforika. Go [[:en:Drainage_basin|kgopa metsi]] ga yone go bophara jwa selekano sa 1,390,000 km ga bedi (540,000 mi ga bedi),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.riob.org/transfrontalier/Bilanglobal.PDF International Network of Basin Organisations/Office International de L'eau]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090327102256/http://www.riob.org/transfrontalier/Bilanglobal.PDF Archived] 27 March 2009 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] "Développer les Compétences pour mieux Gérer l'Eau: Fleuves Transfrontaliers Africains: Bilan Global." (2002). Estimated annual discharge 106 km³, equal to mean flow rate 3360 m³/s</ref> ko tlasenyana ga noka ya [[:en:Nile|Nile]]. Noka e ya bophara jwa 2,754 km (1,599 mi) e simologa mo [[:en:Zambia|Zambia]] mme e fete ka botlhaba jwa [[:en:Angola|Angola]], go bapisa bokone-botlhaba jwa bodara ya [[:en:Namibia|Namibia]] le bokone jwa bodara ya [[:en:Botswana|Botswana]], e boe e fete gape mo mmileng wa bodara e magareng go Zambia le [[:en:Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] goya [[:en:Mozambique|Mozambique]], kwa e kgabaganyang lefatshe go tshologela mo lewatleng la Indiana.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River "Zambezi River | river, Africa".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210502232720/https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River Archived] from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information"]. ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230507055636/https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html Archived] from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 27 May 2021.</ref> Ngwe ya ntlha tse di lemogiwang thata ka noka ya Zambezi ke [[:en:Victoria_Falls|phororo ya metsi a Victoria]]. Diphororo tse dingwe di ama [[:en:Chavuma_Falls|Chavuma]]<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls "Chavuma Falls | waterfall, Zambia | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220626032309/https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls Archived] from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2022.</ref> le [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|Ngonye.]]<ref>[https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/ "Zambia Tourism: Waterfalls"]. ''Zambia Tourism''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200407045055/https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/ Archived] from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</ref> Ditsela tse pedi tsa konokono tsa [[:en:Hydroelectricity|metsi a motlakase]] mo nokeng e ke [[:en:Kariba_Dam|noka ya Kariba]] e e direlang Zambia le Zimbabwe motlakase e boe e direle le [[:en:Cahora_Bassa_Dam|noka ya Cahora Bassa]] mo Mozambique ee e e hetisetsang motlakase kwa Mozambique le [[:en:South_Africa|South Africa]]. Go oketsa, ditlhomo tse di potlana tsa metsi a motlakase dimo Zambia kwa diphororong tsa Victoria le [[:en:Zengamina|Zengamina.]]<ref>[http://www.nwzdt.org/?page_id=22 "Zengamina Hydro Project | North West Zambia Development Trust".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220423080555/http://www.nwzdt.org/?page_id=22 Archived] from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.</ref><ref>Pasanisi, Francesco; Tebano, Carlo; Zarlenga, Francesco (March 2016). [[doi:10.3390/environments3010006|"A Survey near Tambara along the Lower Zambezi River".]] ''Environments''. '''3''' (1): 6. doi:[[doi:10.3390/environments3010006|10.3390/environments3010006]]</ref> Noka e e simologa mo [[:en:Dambo|dambo]] e ntsho e e nang le mokgobo wa metsi mo lefatsheng le le nang le dikgwa tse di kitlaneng tsa [[:en:Miombo|miombo]] tse di nang le mekgabisa ya dithota tsa di sa lekanang, 50km kwa bokone jwa [[:en:Mwinilunga|Mwinilunga]] le 20km kwa borwa jwa Ikelenge mo [[:en:Ikelenge_District|kgaolong ya Ikelenge]] kwa [[:en:North-Western_Province,_Zambia|Porofenseng ya Bokone-Bophirima]] jwa Zambia, mo godimo ga 1,524m(maoto a le 5,000) godimo ga [[:en:Sea_level|bogodimo jwa lewatle]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/ "Dilapidated Zambezi Source Site Worry Ikelenge DC".] ''muvitv.com''. Muvi TV. Archived from [http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/ the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.</ref> Lefelo le le dikologileng motswedi ono ke segopotso sa banni, lefelo lele sireleditsweng la dikgwa, gape ke lefelo la [[:en:Important_bird_area|bothokwa mo diphologolong tsa dinonyane.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178 "ZM002 Source of the Zambezi".] ''birdlife.org''. Birdlife International. Archived from [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178 the original] on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.</ref> Go yeng bokone jwa motswedi, metsi a iketlileng a fa gare ga [[:en:Congo_Basin|Congo]] le [[:en:Zambezi_Basin|sekgele sa Zambezi]] ke lefelo le le supilweng thata la lefatshe le le fa godingwana, le tsamaya gaufi e botlhaba-bophirima mme a wela thata kafa bokone le borwa. Se se kgaola sekgele thata go tsweng mo [[:en:Lualaba_River|Lualaba]] (lekalana legolo godimo mo Congo) go tsweng mo Zambezi. Mo tikologong ya motswedi, metsi a iketlileng ga a bonale thata, mme dinoka tse pedi tse gadi kopane.<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Lefelo lotlhe le le nosediwang ke noka ya Zambezi ke serala se segolo se se anameng, se se nang le melelwane e e sa tlhomamang, se se kwa bogodimong jwa 900km goya go 1200. Karolo e e kwa teng ga naga e bopilwe ka maje a fetogileng ka ntlha ya [[:en:Metamorphic_rock|mogote le kgatelelo,]] fa melelwane ya sona e dikaganyeditswe ke maje a a tlhodilweng ke [[:en:Igneous_rock|seretse sa molelo]] a a fitlhelwang gaufi le [[:en:Victoria_Falls|mepororo ya Victoria.]] Kwa [[:en:Chupanga|Chupanga]], mo mo karolong e e kwa tlase ga Zambezi, matlhatlaganyane a masesane a [[:en:Sandstone|maje]] a male wa serolwana le serolwana se se serolwana-bosetlha, ka dinako dingwe a na le matlhatlaganyana a [[:en:Limestone|leje la kalakala]], a bonala mo bodilong jwa noka ka paka ya komelelo. Maje ano a tswelela go feta [[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Tete]], koo a amanang le mekgano e megolo ya magala a mashala. Mashala a a fitlhelwa gape mo kgaolong e e kwa tlase ga meproro ya Victoria. Maje a anang le gouta a bonala mo mafelong a le mmalwa.<ref>Ashton, Peter; Love, David; Mahachi, Harriet; Dirks, Paul. [https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00599.pdf "An Overview of the Impacts of Mining and Mineral Processing Operations on Water Resources and Water Quality in the Zambezi, Limpopo AND Olifant Catchments in Southern Africa"] (PDF). ''International Institute for Environment and Development''. Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project, Southern Africa. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201114231525/https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00599.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.</ref> '''Zambezi e e kwa Godimo''' Noka e e elela kwa borwa-bophirima e tsena mo Angola sebaka sa 240km (150 mi) be e kopangwa ake [[:en:Tributary|dinoka tse dingwe]] tse dikgolo jaaka [[:en:Luena_River_(Angola)|Luena]] le Chifumage, tse di tswang kwa dithabeng tse di kwa bokone-bophirima.<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Go tsweng foo e tlaabo e leba kwa borwa mme e bopa [[:en:Floodplain|lefelo le le legolo la morwalela]], le bophara jwa lone bo fetogang thata agreng ga paka ya komelelo le paka ya dipula. E boa e tsena mo [[:en:Zambezian_evergreen_dry_forests|sekgweng se se kitlaneng sa ditlhare tse di nnetseng botala ruri,]] mme kafa bophirima jwa yone go na le mafulo a a bulegileng a [[:en:Western_Zambezian_grasslands|Western Zambezian grasslands.]] Fa e boelang gape mo Zambia e abo ele bophara jwa 400m(dinao di ka nna 1,300) mo pakeng ya dipula, mme e elela ka lobelo le legolo ena le ditsela tsedi matlapa le [[:en:Rapids|metsi a a phothoselang]] go fitlha kwa [[:en:Chavuma_Falls|dipororong tsa chavuma]], kwa noka e fetang mo lekhalong la matlapa. Noka e e fologa seelo e kanna 400m, (dinao di kanna 1,300) gotswa kwa motsweding wa yone o o kwa bogodimong jwa 1,500m (dinao di ka nna 4,900) goya kwa dipororong tsa Chavuma e e kwa seeleng se ka nna 1,100m (dinao di ka nna3,600), mo sekgweng sa 400km (dimaele di ka nna 250). Go tsweng foo goya kwa dipororong tsa Victoria, bogodimo jwa lefatshe mo mekgapong ya metsi tlaabo bo lekana , bo fologelela seelo sa 180m (dinao dka tshwara 590) mo sekgweng sa 800km (dimaele di ka nna 500).<ref>Page, Geology (25 November 2014). [https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River"]. ''Geology Page''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520095950/https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> Noka yantlha e kgolo e e tsenamg mo nokeng ya Zambezi ke [[:en:Kabompo_River|Kabompo]], e e leng kwa [[:en:North-Western_Province,_Zambia|porofenseng ya bokone-bophirima]] jwa Zambia. Mafatlha a [[:en:Savanna|Savanna]] a noka e elelang mo go yone a fetoga gonna lefelo le le legolo la morwalela, le le nang le [[:en:Fan_palm|ditlhare tsa palema]] tsa [[:en:Borassus|''Borassus'']] tse di gasameng mogo lone. Go yeng kwa borwa gose sekgele sepe noka e e [[:en:Confluence|kopana]] le [[:en:Lungwebungu_River|noka ya Lungwebungu.]] Mo tlaabo ele tshimologo ya [[:en:Barotse_Floodplain|lefelo le legolo la morwalela la Barotse,]] e leng sengwe sa dilo tse di itsegeng thata mo karolong e e kwa godimo ya Zambezi. Mme lefa gontse jalo, karolo ena e e kwa bokone ga e aparelwe ke morwalela thata, mme ena le ditlhaketlhake tsa lefatshe le le kwa godimo mo gare ga yone.<ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information".] ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230507055636/https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html . Archived] from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2021.</ref> E ka nnang seelo sa 30 km fa tlasa ga noka ya Lungwebungu e kopanang le Zambezi, naga e nna sephaphathi thata mme go nne lego bonala motlhofo ga lefelo e legoo la morwalela la Barotse. Morwalela o ka namela go fitlha o nna bophara jwa 25km mo pakeng ya dipula. Mo godimo ga 200km goya kwa tlase ga nka, potologo ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya morwalela e laola tikologo ya tlhago le botshelo jwa batho, banni le setso. M o e ka nnang 80km goya pele kwa tlase, noka ya [[:en:Luanginga_River|Luanginga]] e e kopanang le dinoka tse dingwe tse di tswang kwa bophirima, e tsena mo Nokeng ya Zambezi. Go boeng gape oya kwa godimo gose sekgele kafa botlhaba, noka e kgolo e kopangwa mo pakeng ya dipula ke metsi a a tshologang gotswa mo tsamaisong ya moedi wa noka ya [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luampa_River&action=edit&redlink=1 Luampa]-[[:en:Luena_River_(Zambia)|Luena]].<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Sekgele ese sa sepe fa o fologa morago ga fa noka ya Luanginga e kopang le ya Zambezi, o goroga kwa [[:en:Lealui|Lealui,]] ngwe ya metsemegolo ya [[:en:Lozi_people|batho ba Lozi]] ba ba nnang mo kgaolong ya [[:en:Lozi_kingdom|lefatshe la Barotse]] mo [[:en:Western_Province,_Zambia|porofenseng ya bophirima]] jwa Zambia. Kgosi ya batho ba Lozi e na le ngwe ya dikampa tsa gagwe kwa Lealui; e ngwe e kwa [[:en:Limulunga|Limulunga,]] ele mo lefatsheng le le kwa godimo e bile e dirisiwa jaaka motsemogolo ka nako ya dipula. Go fuduga ga ngwaga le ngwaga gotswa Lealui goya Limulunga ke tiragalo e kgolo thata, e e ketekwang jaaka ngwe ya meletlo e e itsegeng thata mo Zambia, e e bidiwang [[:en:Kuomboka|Kuomboka.]] Morago ga Lealui, noka e retologela kwa borwa-botlhaba. Go tswa kwa botlhaba, e tswelela e amogela dinoka tse dintsi tse dinnye, mme kwa bophirima ga yone ga go na dinoka tse dikgolo tse di e tsenang mo sekgweng seelong sa 240km. Pele ga foo, [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|mepororo ya Ngonye]] le matlapa a a latelang a thibela go tsamaya ga dikorwana mo nokeng. Kwa borwa jwa mepororo ya Nonye, noka e kgona go kgoma nako e khutshwane molelwane wa Namibia, mo kgaolong ya <ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref>[[:en:Caprivi_Strip|Caprivi Strip.]] Kwa tlase ga kopano ya [[:en:Cuando_River|noka ya Cuando]] le Zambezi, noka e retologa e lebana le botlhaba. Mo lefelong leo, noka e nna bophara mme e sa tsene boteng thata, e elela ka bonya. Mme fa e ntse e ya kwa botlhaba go ya molelwaneng wa setlhaba se segolo sa bokone jwa Aferika, e fitlha kwa khuting e kgolo e e tsenwang ke metsi a a elelang ka thata, e leng mepororo ya Victoria. '''Zambezi e e fa Gare''' Dipororo tsa Victoria di tsewa e le molelwane gareng ga karolo ya kwa godimo le ya bogareng ya noka ya Zambezi. Ka fa tlase ga tsone, noka e tswelela go elela ka fa botlhaba ka bokgakala jwa seelo se kanna 200km (maele a le 120), e phunyeletsa mabota a a emeng a majwe a [[:en:Basalt|basalt]] a a katogileng seelo se ka nna 20m go ya go 60m (maoto a le 66 go ya go 197), mo dithabeng tse di kwa godimo ga 200m go ya go 250m (maoto a le 660 go ya go 820). Noka e elela ka lobelo lo logolo mo Mogorogong wa Batoka, mme metsi a yona a kgorelediwa ka metlha ke mafika a a mo nokeng. Go tlhalositswe gore ke nngwe ya<ref>Edington, Sean (29 December 2020). [https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/ "Is rafting on the Zambezi River below The Victoria Falls Dangerous?"]. ''SAFPAR''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520102959/https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/ Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> maeto a [[:en:Whitewater_kayaking|metsi a a boitshegang]] thata mo lefatsheng, e le kgwetlho e kgolo mo bathong ba ba tsamayang ka dikayake kgotsa ba ba dirisang dingwato tsa go kgweetsa mo metsing a a matlhomola. Ka kwa ntle ga mogorogo ono go na le letoto la dikarolo tsa metsi a a matlhomola tse di felelang 240km (maele a le 150) ka fa tlase ga dipororo tsa Victoria. Mo bokgakaleng jo, noka e fokotsega ka 250m (maoto a le 820). Mo ntlheng eno, noka e tsena mo [[:en:Lake_Kariba|Letsheng la Kariba]], le le bopilweng ka ngwaga wa1959 morago ga go wediwa ga kago ya [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Letamo la Kariba.]] Letsha leno ke lengwe la matsha a magolo a a dirilweng ke batho mo lefatsheng, mme ditlhamo tsa go dira motlakase wa metsi mo letamong le di direla dikarolo tse dintsi tsa Zambia le Zimbabwe motlakase. Dinoka tsa [[:en:Luangwa_River|Luangwa]] le [[:en:Kafue_River|Kafue]] ke tsone ditswammung tse dikgolo tse pedi tse di tsenang mo Zambezi ka fa molemeng. Noka ya Kafue e kopana le noka e kgolo mo molatswaneng o o didimetseng le o o tseneletseng, o o ka nnang 180m (maoto a le 590) ka bophara. Go tswa mo ntlheng eno, go obega ga noka ya Zambezi go ya kwa bokone go a emisiwa, mme metsi a tswelela go elela ka tlhamalalo go ya kwa botlhaba. Kwa kopanong ya noka ya Luangwa (15°37’ S), e tsena mo Mozambique.<ref>Valkenburgh, Blaire Van; White, Paula A. (20 April 2021). [[doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1|"Figure 1: Map showing location of Luangwa Valley and Greater Kafue Ecosystem in Zambia".]] ''PeerJ''. '''9''': e11313. doi:[[doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1|10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1.]]</ref> Karolo ya bogare ya Zambezi e felela kwa noka e tsenang mo Letsheng la [[:en:Cahora_Bassa|Cahora Bassa]], le pele e neng e le lefelo la dikgaruru tse di kotsi tse di bidiwang Kebrabassa; letsha leno le bopilwe ka ngwaga wa 1974 morago ga go agiwa ga [[:en:Cahora_Bassa_Dam|Letamo la Cahora Bassa.]]<ref>[https://archive.gramene.org/db/ontology/search?id=44313 "GAZ Term "Zambezi River" (GAZ:00044898)".] ''archive.gramene.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520101311/https://archive.gramene.org/db/ontology/search?id=44313 Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> '''Zambezi yo kwa Tlase''' Karolo e e kwa tlase ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nna 650km (maele a le 400) go tswa kwa Letsheng la Cahora Bassa go ya kwa lewatleng la Indiana, e ka tsamaiwa ka dikoloi tsa metsi, le fa noka e se boteng mo mafelong a mantsi mo pakeng ya komelelo. Go se boteng jo go bakwa ke gore noka e tsena mo mokgatšheng o o anameng mme e anama go ralala lefelo le legolo. Ke fela mo lefelong le le lengwe, e leng [[:en:Lupata_Gorge|Lupata Gorge]], le le ka nnang 320km (maele a le 200) go tswa kwa molomong wa yona, fa noka e pitlaganngwa magareng ga dithaba tse di kwa godimo. Mo lefelong le, bophara jwa yona ga bo fete 200m (maoto a le 660). Kwa mafelong a mangwe, noka e ka nna bophara jwa 5km go ya go 8km (maele a le 3 go ya go 5), e elela ka bonolo ka melatswana e mentsi. Bodilo jwa noka bo na le mmu, mme mabopo a yona a kwa tlase a bo a tletse dimela tsa leetsana. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo mafelong mangwe, segolobogolo mo pakeng ya dipula, melatswana eno e a kopana go dira noka e le nngwe e kgolo e e elelang ka lobelo. Mo seelong seka nna160km (maele a le 99) go tswa kwa lewatleng, Noka ya Zambezi e amogela metsi a a tswang mo [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Letsheng la Malawi]] ka [[:en:Shire_River|Noka ya Shire.]] Fa e atamela Lewatle la Indiana, noka e a kgaogana go dira [[:en:River_delta|delata]].<ref>Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85</ref> Lekala lengwe le lengwe le legolo la noka, e leng Kongone, Luabo le Timbwe, le kgorelediwa ke [[:en:Shoal|mpetle wa]] [[:en:Shoal|mmu]]. Lekala le lengwe le le kwa bokone le le bidiwang molomo wa [[:en:Chinde_River|Chinde]] le na le boteng jo bo kwa tlase jwa 2m (maoto a le 6 le 7) fa go le metsi a a kwa tlase mo tshimologong, le 4m (maoto a le 13) kwa teng. Ke lone lekala le le dirisiwang go tsamaisa dikoloi tsa metsi. Mo bokgakaleng jwa100km (maele a le 62) go ya kwa bokone, go na le noka e nngwe e bidiwang [[:en:Quelimane|Quelimane,]] e e bidiwang ka leina la toropo e e kwa molomong wa yona. Noka ena e e nang le seretse se se oketsegang e amogela metsi a a tshologang a Zambezi mo pakeng ya dipula.<ref>[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html "Zambezi - Encyclopedia".] ''theodora.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520105706/https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref> '''Delata''' Mo bogompienong, delata ya Noka ya Zambezi e ka nna sephatlo sa bophara jo e neng e na le jone pele ga go agiwa ga matamo a Kariba le Cahora Bassa, a a neng a laola diphetogo tsa paka mo selekanyong sa phororo ya metsi a noka. Pele ga matamo ano a agiwa, merwalela ya paka ya Zambezi e ne e ama tikologo ya delata ka tsela e e farologaneng thata le ya gompieno, ka gonne e ne e isa metsi a mantle a a humileng ka dikotla tsotlhe tsa phepo kwa mafelong a metsi a a bongola a lotshitshi lwa lewatle la IndianaKarolo e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi e ne e nna le koketsego e nnye ya merwalela kwa tshimologong ya paka ya komelelo, fa dipula tsotlhe tsa lefelo la [[:en:Gwembe|Gwembe]] le la bokone-botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe di ne di elela ka bonako go tsena mo nokeng. Ka nako e e tshwanang, metsi a a tswang mo mekgatšheng ya Zambezi e e kwa godimo, Kafue, Letsha la Malawi, le Luangwa (ka selekanyo se se kwa tlase) a ne a diegisiwa ke mekobo ya metsi le mafelo a merwalela. Phororo ya metsi a a tswang mo ditsamaisong tsena e dira gore go nne le morwalela o mogolo thata ka dikgwedi tsa Mopitlo kgotsa Moranang, mme selekanyo sa godimo sa phororo ya metsi se nne ka kgwedi ya Moranang kwa delateng se ka nna dimetara tse di khubiki di le 6,700 (maoto a khubiki a le 240,000) ka motsotswana. Morwalela o mogolo go feta tsotlhe o o kileng wa kwalwa o ne o feta seno ka makgetlo a le mararo, ka phororo ya dimetara tse di khubiki di le 22,500 (maoto a khubiki a le 790,000) ka motsotswana ka 1958. Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, kwa bokhutlong jwa paka ya komelelo, phororo ya metsi e ne e le ka palogare ya dimetara tse di khubiki di le 500 (maoto a khubiki a le 18,000) ka motsotswana fela. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa bo-1960 le bo-1970, kago ya matamo e ne ya fetola mokgwa ona gotlhelele. Kwa tlase ga noka, selekanyo sa phororo ya metsi sa kgwedi le kgwedi se ne se tswa mo go dimetara tse di khubiki di le 500 go ya go 6,000 (maoto a khubiki a le 18,000 go ya go 212,000) ka motsotswana; gompieno se tswa mo go dimetara tse di khubiki di le 1,000 go ya go 3,900 (maoto a khubiki a le 35,000 go ya go 138,000) ka motsotswana. Merwalela ya selekanyo sa magareng, segolobogolo mofuta o tikologo ya karolo e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi e neng e tlwaetse go ikamanya le yone, jaanong e diragala sewelo mme e tsaya nako e khutshwane. Fela jaaka ditlamorago tse di sa siamang tsa [[:en:Itezhi-Tezhi_Dam|Letamo la Itezhi-Tezhi]] mo Mafelong a Kafue Flats, sena se bakile ditlamorago tse di latelang: -Mekgwa ya go fepa le go tsalana ga ditlhapi, dinonyane le diphologolo tse dingwe e ne ya kgorelediwa le go fetolwa. -Go setse bojang jo bonnye mo mafelong a merwalela morago ga merwalela, mo go fokotsang [[:en:Grazing|mafelo a go fulisa]] diphologolo tsa naga le dikgomo. -Mekgwa ya setso ya temo le ya go tshwara ditlhapi e ne ya kgorelediwa le go fetolwa.<ref>Knifton, Dulcie (July 2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=eiR_RLPB6GAC&q=traditional+farming+and+fishing+patterns+disrupted&pg=PA41 Revise AS Level Geography for Edexcel Specification B]''. Heinemann. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-435-10154-1|<bdi>978-0-435-10154-1</bdi>.]]</ref> Delata ya Zambezi e na le mafelo a magolo a bojang a a nang le merwalela ya paka nngwe le nngwe kgotsa ya tsotlhe tsotlhe, mafelo a savanna, le dikgwa tsa mekgobo ya metsi. Mmogo le mafelo a merwalela a Dinoka tsa [[:en:Buzi_River_(Mozambique)|Buzi,]] [[:en:Pungwe_River|Pungwe]] le [[:en:Save_River_(Africa)|Save,]] mafelo a merwalela a Zambezi a bopa tikologo ya tlholego e e itseweng ke [[:en:World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature|World Wildlife Fund]] (WWF) jaaka [[:en:Zambezian_coastal_flooded_savanna|Zambezian Coastal Flooded Savanna Ecoregion]] kwa Mozambique. Mafelo ano a savanna a a nang le merwalela a fitlhelwa gaufi le lotshitshi lwa Lewatle la India. Ditlhare tsa [[:en:East_African_mangroves|mangrove]] di mela mo mabopong a delata. Le fa matamo a fokoditse dingwe tsa merwalela ya ngwaga le ngwaga mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi mme a dirile gore bogolo jwa mafelo a merwalela bo fokotsege thata, ga a a kgona go fedisa merwalela gotlhelele. Matamo ga a kgone go laola merwalela e e feteletseng, mme a fokoditse fela go diragala ga merwalela ya selekanyo sa magareng. Fa dipula tse dikgolo mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi di kopana le metsi a mantsi a a elelang go tswa kwa godimo ga noka, merwalela e megolo e santse e diragala. Ka jalo, mafelo a metsi a a bongola a santse a le botlhokwa thata e le mafelo a bonno jwa diphologolo le dimela. Le fa go ntse jalo, go fokotsega ga mafelo ano a metsi a a bongola go ne ga baka gore go nne le go tsoma diphologolo go sa laolwe sentle, tse di jaaka [[:en:African_buffalo|nare]] le [[:en:Waterbuck|tumuga]], nakong ya [[:en:Mozambican_Civil_War|Ntwa ya Selegae ya Mozambique.]] Le fa palo ya diphologolo tse dikgolo tsa mammale mo kgaolong ena e fokotsegile, lefelo leno le santse le na le dingwe tsa tsone, go akaretsa [[:en:Reedbuck|phuduhudu ya]] [[:en:Reedbuck|mohele]] le [[:en:Common_eland|phofu]] e e fudugang go ya mafelong a mangwe ka dipaka. Diphologolo tse di jang nama tse di fitlhelwang mo lefelong leno di akaretsa [[:en:Lion|tau]], [[:en:Leopard|nkwe,]] [[:en:Cheetah|lengau,]] [[:en:Spotted_hyena|phiri ya marontho]] le [[:en:Side-striped_jackal|phokoje e e nang le methalo mo matlhakoreng.]] Mafelo a merwalela ke lefelo le le sireletsegileng la dinonyane tsa metsi tse di fudugang ka dipaka, go akaretsa [[:en:Northern_pintail|pintail,]] [[:en:Garganey|garganey,]] [[:en:African_openbill|African openbill,]] [[:en:Saddle-billed_stork|saddle-billed stork]], [[:en:Wattled_crane|wattled crane]], le [[:en:Great_white_pelican|great white pelican.]]<ref>[https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0906 "Zambezian coastal flooded savanna"]. ''Terrestrial Ecoregions''. World Wildlife Fund.</ref> Dikokobe tse di fitlhelwang mo lefelong leno di akaretsa [[:en:Nile_crocodile|kwena ya Nile,]] [[:en:Nile_monitor|mokwepa wa Nile]], [[:en:Python_sebae|noga ya phiri ya Afrika]], nogapodi ya Pungwe, e e fitlhelwang fela mo kgaolong eno le mefuta e mengwe e meraro ya dinoga e e batlang e fitlhelwa fela mo lefelong leno: nogametsi ya mafelo a merwalela, nogaphiri e nnye le [[:en:Proatheris|nogamaraga ya mekgobo ya metsi.]]<ref>[https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0906 "Zambezian coastal flooded savanna".] ''Terrestrial Ecoregions''. World Wildlife Fund.</ref> Tlelaemete Karolo e e kwa bokone ya mokgatšha wa Noka ya Zambezi e amogela palogare ya pula ya ngwaga le ngwaga e e magareng ga 1,100mm le 1,400mm. Palo eno ya pula e fokotsega fa o ya kwa borwa, mme e fitlha e le mo e ka nnang seripa sa selekanyo seo kwa karolong e e kwa borwa-bophirima. Pula e na mo pakeng ya selemo ya dipula e e tsayang dikgwedi di le 4 go ya go 6, fa [[:en:Intertropical_Convergence_Zone|Intertropical Convergence Zone]] (ITCZ) e feta mo godimo ga mokgatšha ono e tswa kwa bokone magareng ga Phalane le Mopitlo.<ref>Chaudhary, Huma (3 March 2024). [https://www.thetravelvibes.com/canoeing-on-the-zambezi-river/ "Canoeing on the Zambezi River".] ''The Travel Vibes''. Retrieved 17 March 2024.</ref> Sekgahla sa go fetoga ga metsi mouwane se kwa godimo thata, se le magareng ga 1,600mm le 2,300mm ka ngwaga. Ka ntlha ya se, metsi a mantsi a latlhega ka tsela eno mo mekgobong ya metsi le mo mafelong a merwalela, segolobogolo mo karolong e e kwa borwa-bophirima ya mokgatšha wa Zambezi.<ref>[http://www.gorongosa.net/research/research_documents/Patterns_Hydrological_Change_Zambezi_Delta.pdf Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Mozambique.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080102105856/http://www.gorongosa.net/research/research_documents/Patterns_Hydrological_Change_Zambezi_Delta.pdf Archived] 2 January 2008 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Working Paper No 2 Program for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001)</ref> '''Diphologolo tsa naga''' Noka ya Zambezi e tshegetsa dipalo tse dikgolo tsa diphologolo tsa mefuta e mentsi. [[:en:Hippopotamus|Kubu]] di dintsi mo bontsing jwa dikarolo tsa noka tse di didimetseng, mmogo le dikwena tsa Nile. [[:en:Monitor_lizard|Mekwepa]] le yone e fitlhelwa mo mafelong a mantsi. Dinonyane di dintsi thata, mme mefuta e e jaaka [[:en:Heron|kokoko]], [[:en:Pelican|pelican,]] [[:en:Egret|egret,]] [[:en:Lesser_flamingo|flamingo e nnye]] le [[:en:African_fish_eagle|ntsu ya ditlhapi ya Afrika]] di fitlhelwa ka dipalo tse dikgolo. Dikgwa tse di melang mo mabopong a noka le tsone di tshegetsa diphologolo tse dikgolo tse dintsi, tse di akaretsang [[:en:African_buffalo|nare]], [[:en:Zebra|pitse ya naga]], [[:en:Giraffe|thutlwa,]] le [[:en:African_elephant|ditlou.]] Gape Zambezi e na le makgolo a mefuta ya ditlhapi, mme dingwe tsa tsona di fitlhelwa fela mo nokeng eno. Mefuta ya botlhokwa e akaretsa [[:en:Cichlid|cichlids,]] tse di tshwarwang thata gore di jewe, mmogo le ditlhapi tsa mofuta wa catfish, tigerfish, [[:en:Upper_Zambezi_yellowfish|yellowfish]], le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhapi tse dikgolo. [[:en:Bull_shark|Bull shark]] ka dinako dingwe e bidiwa shaka ya Zambezi ka ntlha ya kamano ya yone le noka eno. Le fa go ntse jalo, ga e a tshwanela go tlhakatlhakanngwa le mefuta ya [[:en:River_shark|Glyphis]], e leng di-shark tsa metsi a a foreshe tse le tsone di fitlhelwang mo nokeng. '''Dinoka tse di tsenang mo Zambezi''' '''Karolo e e kwa godimo ya Zambezi''' E akaretsa lefelo la dikilometara tse di khubiki di le 507,200, mme e ntsha metsi ka selekanyo sa 1,044 m³ ka motsotswana kwa Dikgarurung tsa Victoria. E bopiwa ke dikarolo tse: 1. Mokgatšha wa Dithaba tsa Bokone 222,570 km², 850 m³/s kwa [[:en:Lukulu|Lukulu:]] -Noka ya Chifumage – e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa [[:en:Angola|Angola.]] -[[:en:Luena_River,_Angola|Noka ya Luena]] – e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. -[[:en:Kabompo_River|Noka ya Kabompo]] – 72,200 km², e tswa mo dithabeng tsa bokone-bophirima jwa Zambia. -[[:en:Lungwebungu_River|Noka ya Lungwebungu]] – 47,400 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. 2. Mokgatšha wa Mabala a Bogare 284,630 km², 196 m³/s (magareng ga dipororo tsa Victoria le Lukulu): -[[:en:Luanginga_River|Noka ya Luanginga]] – 34,600 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Bogare sa Angola. -Noka ya Luampa (kgotsa [[:en:Luena_River,_Zambia|Luena ya Zambia]]) – 20,500 km², e mo letlhakoreng le le kwa botlhaba jwa Zambezi. -[[:en:Cuando_River|Noka ya Cuando / Linyanti / Chobe]] – 133,200 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Borwa sa Angola le mo Kgaolong ya [[:en:Caprivi_Strip|Caprivi.]] '''Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi''' Ka kakaretso, Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e akaretsa lefelo la 1,050,000 km², mme e na le phororo ya metsi ya 2,442 m³ ka motsotswana, e e lekantsweng kwa Mogorogong wa Cahora Bassa. Karolo ya bogare fela e akaretsa: 542,800 km², 1,398 m³/s (magareng ga Cahora Bassa le dipororo tsa Victoria) 1. Mokgatšha wa Gwembe, (Magareng ga Mogorogo wa Kariba le dipororotsa Victoria)156,600 km², 232 m³/s -[[:en:Gwayi_River|Noka ya Gwayi –]] 54,610 km², kwa bokone-bophirima jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Sengwa_River|Noka ya Sengwa]] – 25,000 km², kwa bogareng jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Sanyati_River|Noka ya Sanyati]] – 43,500 km², kwa bogareng jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. 2. Mokgatšha wa Kariba Gorge go ya Cahora Bassa, 386,200 km²,1,166 m³/s -[[:en:Kafue_River|Noka ya Kafue]] – 154,200 km², phororo ya metsi 285 m³/s, e elela mo karolong ya bophirima-bogare jwa Zambia le mo Kgaolong ya [[:en:Copperbelt|Copperbelt.]] -[[:en:Luangwa_River|Noka ya Luangwa]] – 151,400 km², phororo ya metsi 547 m³/s, e elela mo Mokgatšheng wa Luangwa Rift Valley le mo seraleng se se kwa bokone-bophirima jwa yone. -[[:en:Panhane_River|Noka ya Panhane]] – 23,897 km², e mo seraleng sa bogare jwa bokone jwa Zimbabwe. '''Karolo e e Kwa Tlase ya Zambezi''' '''ka kakaretso,e akaretsa lefelo la 1,378,000 km², mme e na le phororo ya metsi ya 3,424 m³ ka motsotswana, e e lekantsweng kwa Marromeu.''' Karolo e e kwa tlase fela e akaretsa: 328,000 km²,982 m³/s (magareng ga Marromeu le Cahora Bassa) -Noka ya Luia – 28,000 km², e tswa mo Seraleng sa Moravia-Angonia, kwa bokone jwa Zambezi. -Noka ya Luenha (kgotsa [[:en:Mazoe_River|Mazoe]]) – 54,144 km², phororo ya metsi ya 152 m³/s, e tswa mo Seraleng sa Manica kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe. -[[:en:Shire_River|Noka ya Shire]] – 154,000 km², phororo ya metsi ya 539 m³/s, e tswa mo Mokgatšheng wa [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Letsha la Malawi.]] -Delata ya Zambezi – 12,000 km². '''[[:en:Zambezi_Basin|Mokgatšha Otlhe wa Noka ya Zambezi:]] bogolo jotlhe: 1,390,000 km²,phororo ya metsi e e tsenang mo delateng: 3,424 m³ ka motsotswana''' [[:en:Kalahari_Basin|Mokgatšha wa Okavango]] ga o a akarediwa mo dipalong tseno ka gonne o elela go tsena mo Zambezi fela ka dinako tse di sa tlwaelegang le ka selekanyo se sennye. Ka ntlha ya kabo ya dipula, dinoka tse di kwa bokone di tsenya metsi a mantsi thata mo Zambezi go feta tse di kwa borwa. Ka sekai: Mokgatšha wa Dithaba tsa Bokone wa Upper Zambezi o ntsha 25% ya metsi a Zambezi, Noka ya Kafue e ntsha 8%, dinoka tsa Luangwa le Shire nngwe le nngwe e ntsha 16% tsotlhe tsotlhe, dinoka tseno di tsenya 65% ya metsi a a elelang mo Zambezi. Le fa Mokgatšha wa Cuando kwa borwa-bophirima o le mogolo thata, o tsenya metsi a ka nna 2 m³/s fela, ka gonne bontsi jwa metsi a teng bo latlhega ka ntlha ya go fetoga mouwane mo mekgobong ya metsi. Dingwaga tsa bo-1940 le bo-1950 e ne e le dinako tse dipula di neng di na thata mo mokgatšheng wa Zambezi. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tloga ka 1975, tikologo eno e ntse e omelela go feta pele, mme palogare ya phororo ya metsi e setse e le fela 70% ya e e neng e le teng magareng ga 1930 le 1958.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from [http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf the original] (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008.</ref> '''Hisetori ya Jioloji''' Go fitlha mo nakong ya [[:en:Piacenzian|Late Pliocene]] kgotsa [[:en:Pleistocene|Pleistocene]] (dingwaga tse di fetang dimilione di le pedi tse di fetileng), karolo e e kwa godimo ya Noka ya Zambezi e ne e elela go ya kwa borwa go ralala lefelo le gompieno le bidiwang [[:en:Makgadikgadi_Pan|Makgadikgadi Pan]], mme e felela mo [[:en:Limpopo_River|Nokeng ya Limpopo.]] Phetogo eno ya tsela ya noka e bakilwe ke metsamao ya lefatshe e e bidiwang [[:en:Epeirogenic_movement|epeirogenic movements]], e e neng ya tsholetsa bokagodimo jwa lefatshe mo lefelong le gompieno e leng karoganyo ya metsi magareng ga dinoka tse pedi tseno.<ref>Moore, A.E. (1999). "A reapprisal of epeirogenic flexure axes in southern Africa". [[:en:South_African_Journal_of_Geology|''South African Journal of Geology''.]] '''102''' (4): 363–376.</ref> Ka nako e e tshwanang, dikilometara di ka nna 1,000 kwa botlhaba, lekala la kwa bophirima la Noka ya Shire, mo katolosong ya borwa ya [[:en:East_African_Rift|East African Rift]] e e ralalang [[:en:Malawi|Malawi,]] le ne la epa mokgatšha o o boteng mo letlhakoreng la bophirima jwa lona ka ntlha ya kgogolego ya lefatshe. Ka iketlo, Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e ne ya simolola go epa le go sutisetsa mokgatšha wa yona go ya kwa bophirima. Seno se ne sa thusiwa ke go bopiwa ga [[:en:Graben|dikgatšha tsa go phatloga ga lefatshe]] tse di neng di tlhagelela mo tseleng ya yona go tswa botlhaba go ya bophirima. Fa seno se ntse se diragala, Zambezi e ne ya kgona [[:en:Stream_capture|go gapa]] le go akaretsa dinoka dingwe tse di neng di elela go ya kwa borwa, tse di jaaka Noka ya Luangwa le Noka ya Kafue, mme tsa feleletsa di fetogile dikala tse di tsenang mo Zambezi. Kwa bofelong, letsha le legolo le le neng le tsentswe mo lefelong la Makgadikgadi (kgotsa lengwe la dikala tsa lone) le ne la gapiwa ke Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi fa e ntse e ikgoga morago e lebile kwa go lone. Ka ntlha ya seno, metsi a letsha leo a ne a simolola go elela go ya kwa botlhaba. Karolo e e Kwa Godimo ya Zambezi le yone e ne ya gapiwa ka mokgwa o o tshwanang. Karolo ya Bogare ya Zambezi e ne e le kwa tlase ka dimetara di ka nna 300 (maoto a le 980) go feta Karolo e e Kwa Godimo ya Zambezi. Ka jalo, go ne ga bopiwa phororo e kgolo kwa ntlheng ya serala sa majwe a basalt se noka e e kwa godimo e neng e se kgabaganya. Phororo eno e ne e le yone Victoria ya ntlha, e e neng e le gaufi le Batoka Gorge, mo lefelong le gompieno go nang le Letsha la Kariba.<ref>[http://www.zamsoc.org/documents/Summary%20of%20Technical%20Reviews%20Part%202.pdf AWF Four Corners Biodiversity Information Package No 2: Summary of Technical Reviews] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120217063008/http://www.zamsoc.org/documents/Summary%20of%20Technical%20Reviews%20Part%202.pdf Archived] 17 February 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Accessed 1 March 2007.</ref> '''Hisetori''' '''Tshimologo ya Leina''' Mo-Yuropa wa ntlha go fitlhela Noka ya Zambezi e ne e le [[:en:Vasco_da_Gama|Vasco da Gama]] ka Ferikgong 1498, o ne a emisa sekepe sa gagwe mo lefelong le a neng a le bitsa Rio dos Bons Sinais (“Noka ya Matshwao a a Molemo”), le gompieno le itsewang jaaka [[:en:Quelimane|Quelimane]] kgotsa Quá-Qua. E ne e le noka e nnye kwa ntlheng ya bokone ya delata, e ka nako eo e neng e gokagane le Noka ya Zambezi ka ditselana tsa metsi tse di neng di ka tsamaiwa ka dikepe. Kgokagano eo e ne ya tswalwa ke go kokoana ga seretse mo dingwageng tsa bo-1830. Mo dimmapeng dingwe tsa bogologolo, noka yotlhe e ne e bidiwa ka leina leo. Mo lekgolong la bo-16 la dingwaga, go ne ga tlhaga leina le lesha, e leng Noka ya Cuama (ka dinako dingwe e kwalwa jaaka Quama kgotsa Zuama). Cuama e ne e le leina la selegae le le neng le dirisiwa ke baagi ba [[:en:Swahili_coast|lotshitshi lwa Baswahili]] go bitsa lefelo la kgwebo kgotsa seteišene se se neng se le mo sengwe sa ditlhaketlhake tse di kwa borwa jwa delata (gaufi le mokoro wa Luabo). Bontsi jwa dimmapa tsa bogologolo tsa mawatle bo ne bo bontsha kgoro ya Luabo jaaka Cuama, delata yotlhe jaaka “dinoka tsa Cuama”, mme Noka ya Zambezi ka boyone e bidiwa “Noka ya Cuama.” Ka 1552, mokwadi wa hisetori wa Mopotokisi, [[:en:João_de_Barros|João de Barros]], o ne a kwala gore Noka ya Cuama e e tshwanang e ne e bidiwa Zembere ke batho ba ba neng ba nna kwa teng ga naga ya [[:en:Kingdom_of_Mutapa|Monomatapa.]]<ref>Barros, ''Da Asia'', Dec. I, Lib. X, vol. 2, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BJ42AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA374 p.374])</ref> Moruti wa Mopotokisi wa lekoko la Dominican, [[:en:João_dos_Santos|João dos Santos,]] yo o neng a etetse Monomatapa ka 1597, o ne a rekota leina leo jaaka Zambeze (ka gonne mo dipuong tsa Bantu ditlhaka z le r gantsi di ka fetofetoga). O ne a batlisisa ka tshimologo ya leina leo, mme a bolelelwa gore le ne le tswa mo leineng la setšhaba sengwe sa batho. "Noka ya Cuama e bidiwa ke bone Zambeze; motswedi wa yona o kwa teng thata mo nageng mo e leng gore ga go ope wa bone yo o o itseng, fa e se fela ka tsotlhe tsotlhe tse ba di utlwileng mo bagologolong ba bone, ba ba reng e tswa mo letsheng le legolo mo gare ga kontinente, le le ntshang gape dinoka tse dingwe tse dikgolo tse di elelang lewatleng ka ditsela tse di farologaneng. Ba e bitsa Zambeze ka ntlha ya setšhaba sengwe sa Bakafiri se se nnang gaufi le letsha leo, se le sone se bidiwang ka leina leo.” — J. Santos, Ethiopia Oriental, 1609.<ref>Fr. J. dos Santos (1609), ''Ethiopia Oriental e varia historia de cousas Notaveis do Oriente'', Pt. III. English translation is from [[:en:Samuel_Purchas|Samuel Purchas]]'s 1625 ''Haklyutus Posthumus'', (1905) ed., Glasgow, vol. 10: [https://books.google.com/books?id=ekIMAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA220 p.220-21]</ref> Ka jalo, leina “Zambezi” le bonala le tswa mo leineng la setšhaba sengwe sa batho ba ba neng ba nna gaufi le letsha le legolo kwa bokone. Batho ba go ka tweng ke bone ba go buiwang ka bone ke Bisa (kgotsa M’biza), setšhaba sa Bantu (se mo dikwalong tsa bogologolo se neng se kwalwa ka maina a a farologaneng a a jaaka Muisa, Movisa, Abisa, kgotsa Ambios), ba nnang mo karolong e gompieno e leng bogare-botlhaba jwa Zambia, magareng ga Zambezi River le [[:en:Lake_Bangweulu|Lake Bangweulu]] (e ka nako eo, pele ga katoloso ya batho ba [[:en:Kingdom_of_Lunda|Lunda]] people, go ka direga gore Basa ba ne ba anametse go ya kwa bokone, gongwe le go fitlha kwa [[:en:Lake_Tanganyika|Lake Tanganyika]]).Batho ba Bisa ba ne ba itsege thata mo kgaolong eo yotlhe e le bagwebi ba ba tumileng ba masela le dilwana tse di dirilweng ka letsela, mme ba ne ba nna le seabe se segolo mo kgwebong ya selegae.<ref>The connection between Santos/Monomatapa "Zambezi" and the "M'biza" is suggested in Cooley (1845).</ref> Mo pegong e e kgatlhang, mogwebi wa Mopotokisi yo o tsholetsweng kwa Goa, Manuel Caetano Pereira, yo o neng a etela naga ya batho ba Bisa ka 1796, o ne a gakgamadiwa ke go bontshiwa noka e nngwe e e farologaneng e e neng e bidiwa “Zambezi”.<ref>"Notícias dadas por Manoel Caetano Pereira, comerciante, que se entranhou pelo interior da África", as published in José Acúrsio das Neves (1830) ''Considerações Políticas e Comerciais sobre os Descobrimentos e Possessões na África e na Ásia''. Lisbon: Imprensa Regia. [https://books.google.com/books?id=01Tpl2WqoqgC&pg=PA373 p.373]</ref> “Zambezi” eno e nngwe e e neng ya mo gakgamatsa gongwe ke yone e gompieno e itsewang jaaka [[:en:Chambeshi_River|Chambeshi River]] kwa bokone jwa Zambia. Kgopolo ya Monomatapa e e begilweng ke João dos Santos ya gore Zambezi e tswa mo letsheng le legolo la mo gare ga kontinente e ka tswa e ne e kaya lengwe la [[:en:African_Great_Lakes|Matsha a Magolo a Afrika]] . Lengwe la maina a a neng a dirisiwa ke batlhotlhomisi ba ntlha ba Yuropa go bitsa [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Lake Malawi]] e ne e le “Lake Zambre”, (leina le go ka diregang gore e ne e le phetogo kgotsa tshenyo ya lefoko “Zambezi”). Seno se ka bo se bakilwe ke gore Letsha la Malawi le gokagane le Zambezi e e kwa tlase ka Shire River. Pego ya Monomatapa e ne ya tsamaisana le tumelo ya bogologolo ya Bayuropa, e e neng e tswa mo metlheng ya bogologolo, ya gore dinoka tsotlhe tse dikgolo tsa Afrika—Nile River, [[:en:Senegal_River|Senegal River]], Congo River le Zambezi—di ne tsotlhe di tswa mo letsheng le le lengwe le legolo la mo gare ga kontinente. Mapotokisi le bone ba ne ba bolelelwa gore noka ya Mozambique e e neng e bidiwa Espirito Santo (e tota e neng e le molomo wa metsi o o bopiwang ke dinoka tsa [[:en:Umbeluzi|Umbeluzi River,]] [[:en:Matola_River|Matola River]] le [[:en:Tembe_River|Tembe River]]) e ne e tswa mo letsheng. Ka ntlha ya seno, lefelo la yone la go tsena mo lewatleng le ne la itsewa jaaka [[:en:Maputo_Bay|Delagoa Bay]]. Ka jalo, dimmapa di le dintsi tsa bogologolo di bontsha Zambezi le noka ya Espirito Santo di kopana kwa teng ga kontinente mo letsheng le le lengwe le legolo, le fa gompieno go itsewa gore seno se ne se sa nepahala. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgopolo ya gore leina Zambezi le tswa mo bathong ba Bisa ga e amogelwe ke botlhe. Ka 1845, W. D. Cooley, fa a ne a sekaseka dintlha tsa Manuel Caetano Pereira, o ne a fitlhelela tshwetso ya gore lefoko “Zambezi” ga le tswe mo bathong ba Bisa, mme le tswa mo lefokong la Sebantu “mbege” kgotsa “mbeze”, le le rayang “tlhapi”. Ka jalo, go ka direga gore leina leo le raya fela “noka ya ditlhapi.”<ref>W.D. Cooley (1845) "The Geography of N'yassi, or the Great Lake of Southern Africa, investigated, with an account of the overland route from the Quanza in Angola to the Zambezi in the government of Mozambique", ''Journal of the Royal Geographical Society'', p.185-235.</ref> [[:en:David_Livingstone|David Livingstone]], yo o neng a fitlha kwa Upper Zambezi ka 1853, o ne a bitsa noka eno “Zambesi”, mme gape a umaka gore [[:en:Lozi_people|batho ba Lozi]] ba ne ba dirisa leina “Leeambye.” Go ya ka Livingstone, leina leo le raya “noka e kgolo” kgotsa “noka e e gaisang tsotlhe.” Livingstone o ne a kwala gape maina a mangwe a a neng a dirisiwa mo nokeng eno, a a jaaka: Luambeji, Luambesi, Ambezi, Ojimbesi, Zambesi. Maina ano a ne a dirisiwa ke ditšhaba tse di farologaneng mo mafelong a a farologaneng a noka. O ne a dumela gore otlhe a na le bokao jo bo tshwanang, mme a bontsha tsela e batho ba selegae ba neng ba leba noka eno ka yone e le noka e kgolo e e kgobokanyang metsi a naga yotlhe.<ref>David Livingstone (1857) ''Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa'' ([[iarchive:missionarytrave00unkngoog/page/n250|p.208]])</ref> Dipego dingwe tsa hisetori di bontsha gore batho ba Tonga people ba ne ba bitsa noka eno Kasambabezi, leina le le rayang: “Ke fela ba ba itseng noka ba ba ka tlhapang mo go yone.” Leina leno le santse le dirisiwa le gompieno mo mafelong mangwe.<ref>Mawere, Munyaradzi; Awuah-Nyamekye, Samuel (20 June 2015). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rVEqCgAAQBAJ&dq=Kasambabezi&pg=PA243 Harnessing Cultural Capital for Sustainability: A Pan Africanist Perspective]''. Langaa RPCIG. ISBN 978-9956-762-50-7</ref><ref>[https://davinajogi.com/kasambabezi/ "Kasambabezi"]. 25 November 2017.</ref> Mo direkotong tsa Bapotokisi, leina la “Noka ya Cuama” le ne la felela le sa tlhole le dirisiwa mme la emisetswa ka leina la “Noka ya Sena” (Rio de Sena). Leina leno le ne le tswa mo lefelong la kgwebo la Baswahili (mme moragonyana la Bapotokisi) le le neng le le kwa godimo ga noka kwa [[:en:Vila_de_Sena|Sena]]. Ka 1752, delata ya Zambezi, e e neng e bidiwa ka nako eo “Dinoka tsa Sena” (Rios de Sena), e ne ya fetoga kgaolo ya puso ya bokolone ya [[:en:Portuguese_Mozambique|Mozambique wa Bapotokisi]] mme e fa go ntse jalo, ka ntlha ya tiriso e e neng e oketsega ya leina “Zambezi” mo bathong, kgabagare go ne ga ntshiwa taelo ya segosi ka 1858 e e neng ya fetola semmuso leina la kgaolo eo go nna [[:en:Zambezia_Province|Zambézia]]. '''Patlisiso le Tlhomamiso''' Kgaolo ya Zambezi e ne e itsege mo bathong ba bogologolo ba ba ithutang ka lefatshe e le [[:en:Kingdom_of_Mutapa|Mmuso wa Monomotapa.]] Tsela e Noka ya Zambezi e elelang ka yone, mmogo le mafelo a Matsha a [[:en:Lake_Ngami|Ngami]] le [[:en:Lake_Malawi|Nyasa]], di ne di bontshiwa ka nepo e kgolo mo dimmepeng tsa pele tse go dumelwang di ne tsa dirwa go ikaegilwe ka tshedimosetso e e neng e tswa mo Bagwebing ba Maarabia.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Mo-Yuropa wa ntlha go etela karolo e e kwa teng ga naga ya Noka ya Zambezi e ne e le [[:en:Álvaro_Fernandes|António Fernandes,]] Mopotokisi yo o neng a rometswe kwa [[:en:Degredado|botshwarong.]] O ne a tsaya loeto ka 1511 mme gape a boeletsa ka 1513 ka maikaelelo a go phutha tshedimosetso ka maemo a kgwebo le ditiro tsa ikonomi mo teng ga Afrika Bogare. Pego ya bofelo ya maeto ano e ne ya bontsha botlhokwa jo bogolo jwa dikou tsa Zambezi yo o kwa godimo mo tsamaisong ya kgwebo ya selegae, segolobogolo mo kgwebong ya gouta ya Afrika Botlhaba.<ref>Newitt, Malyn (2005). ''A History of Portuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1668''. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-203-32404-8|<bdi>0-203-32404-8</bdi>.]]</ref> Patlisiso ya ntlha e e rekotilweng ya Zambezi yo kwa godimo e dirilwe ke David Livingstone mo maetong a gagwe a go tlhotlhomisa a a neng a simolola kwa [[:en:Bechuanaland_Protectorate|Bechuanaland]] magareng ga 1851 le 1853. Dingwaga di le pedi kgotsa di le tharo morago ga moo, Livingstone o ne a latela Noka ya Zambezi go fitlha kwa molomong wa yone kwa lewatleng. Mo loetong loo, o ne a bona dipororo tsa Victoria. Magareng ga 1858 le 1860, a na le [[:en:John_Kirk_(explorer)|John Kirk]], Livingstone o ne a tsamaya a tlhatloga noka ka kgoro ya Kongone go fitlha kwa dipororong tsa Victoria. Gape o ne a sala morago tsela ya lekala la yone la noka ya Shire mme a fitlha kwa letsheng la Malawi.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]]: Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Mo dingwageng tse di latelang tse di ka nnang 35, ga go a ka ga nna le ditlhotlhomiso tse dintsi tsa noka eno. Mmatlisisi wa Mopotokisi [[:en:Alexandre_de_Serpa_Pinto|Serpa Pinto]] o ne a sekaseka dingwe tsa dinoka tse di tsenang mo Zambezi kwa bophirima mme a tsaya dilekanyo tsa dipororo tsa Victoria ka 1878.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]]: Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> Ka 1884, morongwa wa Baebele wa lekoko la [[:en:Plymouth_Brethren|Plymouth Brethren]] yo o tsholetsweng kwa Scotland, [[:en:Frederick_Stanley_Arnot|Frederick Stanley Arnot]], o ne a tsamaya mo karoganong ya metsi magareng ga mokgatšha wa Zambezi le wa noka ya Congo, mme a lemoga lefelo la motswedi wa Zambezi.<ref>Howard, Dr. J. Keir (2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002516/http://www.dacb.org/stories/demrepcongo/arnot_stanley.html "Arnot, Frederick Stanley".] ''Dictionary of African Christian Biography''. Archived from [http://www.dacb.org/stories/demrepcongo/arnot_stanley.html the original] on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2011.</ref> O ne a dumela gore [[:en:Kalene_Hill|Kalene Hill]], e e neng e le thaba e e gaufi e bile e tsididi, e ne e le lefelo le le siametseng thata go tlhoma tiro ya borongwa.<ref>Pritchett, James Anthony (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=q0Avs0RFRtMC&pg=PA29 Friends for life, friends for death: cohorts and consciousness among the Lunda-Ndembu]''. University of Virginia Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2624-7|<bdi>978-0-8139-2624-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Arnot o ne a felegetswe ke mogwebi le modiredi wa sesole wa Mopotokisi, [[:en:António_da_Silva_Porto|António da Silva Porto]].<ref>Fish, Bruce; Fish, Becky Durost (2001). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=0lMZovHqD4kC&pg=PA30 Angola, 1880 to the present: slavery, exploitation, and revolt]''. Infobase Publishing. p. 30. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-7910-6197-3|<bdi>0-7910-6197-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka 1889, mokoro wa Chinde, o o kwa bokone jwa melomo e megolo ya noka, o ne wa bonwa. Maeto a mabedi a patlisiso a a neng a eteletswe pele ke A. St Hill Gibbons magareng ga 1895–1896 le 1898–1900 a ne a tsweledisa tiro ya tlhotlhomiso e e neng e simolotswe ke David Livingstone mo Upper Zambezi le mo Karolong ya Bogare ya noka.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain:]] Cana, Frank (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Zambezi|"Zambezi".]] In [[:en:Hugh_Chisholm|Chisholm, Hugh]] (ed.). [[:en:Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica''.]] Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 951–953.</ref> '''Ikonomi''' Palo ya batho ba ba nnang mo Mokgatšheng wa Noka ya Zambezi e lekanyediwa go nna batho ba ka nna dimilione di le 32.<ref>[https://www.ebsco.com/ "Zambezi River ecosystem | Science | Research Starters | EBSCO Research".] ''EBSCO''. Retrieved 13 March 2026.</ref> Mo e ka nnang 80% ya baagi ba mokgatšha ono ba ikaegile ka temo gore ba tshele, mme mafelo a merwalela a Zambezi yo kwa godimo a na le lefatshe le le nonneng le le siametseng temo.<ref>Horta, Loro (20 May 2008). [https://www.csis.org/analysis/zambezi-valley-chinas-first-agricultural-colony "The Zambezi Valley: China's First Agricultural Colony?"]. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Baagi ba ba nnang gaufi le noka ba tshwara ditlhapi ka bontsi, mme batho ba le bantsi ba tswa kwa mafelong a a kgakala go tla go tshwara ditlhapi mo Zambezi. Mo ditoropong dingwe tsa Zambia tse di mo ditseleng tse di yang kwa nokeng, go na le ditefelo tse e seng tsa semolao tse di bidiwang “lekgetho la ditlhapi”, tse di duedisiwang batho ba ba isang ditlhapi tsa Zambezi kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa naga. Go tshwara ditlhapi jaaka motshameko le go tshwara ditlhapi gore di jewe ke tiro ya botlhokwa mo dikarolong dingwe tsa noka. Magareng ga [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Livingstone,_Zambia|Livingstone]] go na le mafelo a boeti a [[:en:Safari|safari]] a a amogelang baeng ba ba batlang go tshwara mefuta ya ditlhapi tse di sa tlwaelegang, mme gape ba tshwara dingwe go di rekisetsa mafelo a go boloka ditlhapi mo [[:en:Public_aquarium|ditankeng tsa pontsho.]]<ref>[https://www.internationalrivers.org/news/blog-the-zambezi-river-drained-bone-dry/ "The Zambezi River, Drained Bone Dry".] ''International Rivers''. 30 November 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091130/https://www.internationalrivers.org/news/blog-the-zambezi-river-drained-bone-dry/ Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>Mikva, Keren (30 June 2016). [https://moguldom.com/128710/12-things-didnt-know-economy-zambezi-river/ "12 Things You Didn't Know About the Economy of the Zambezi River - Page 4 of 14".] ''Moguldom''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Mokgatšha wa Noka ya Zambezi o humile ka diminerale le metswedi ya maatla a tlholego, mme meepo ya mashala ke tiro ya botlhokwa mo mafelong a mangwe. Matamo a a agilweng mo nokeng eno le one a naya batho ba le bantsi ditiro, segolobogolo mo tlhokomelong ya diteišene tsa motlakase wa metsi le mo tlhokomelong ya matamo ka boone. Dikarolo di le mmalwa tsa noka le tsone ke mafelo a a rategang thata mo boeting. Dipororo tsa Victoria di amogela baeng ba ba fetang 100,000 ka ngwaga, mme ka 2015 go ne ga begwa baeng ba le 141,929.<ref>[http://www.mota.gov.zm/index.php/downloads/data-and-statistics/34-2015-tourism-statistical-digest/file 2015 Tourism Statistical Digest] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180325175218/http://www.mota.gov.zm/index.php/downloads/data-and-statistics/34-2015-tourism-statistical-digest/file Archived] 25 March 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] www.mota.gov.zm, Republic of Zambia Ministry of Tourism and Arts</ref> [[:en:Mana_Pools_National_Park|Mana Pools]] National Park le letsha la Kariba le tsone di goga dipalo tse dikgolo tsa baeng.<ref>[https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-advantages-production-and-usage?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects "Hydroelectric Power: Advantages of Production and Usage".] ''www.usgs.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210520091447/https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-advantages-production-and-usage?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects Archived] from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.inventtour.com/Countries/15/Zimbabwe "Zimbabwe".] ''InventTour''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> '''Dipalangwa''' Noka ya Zambezi e na le mafelo a le mantsi a diphororo le melatswana e e maatla, ka jalo ga e ise e ko e nne tsela ya botlhokwa ya dipalangwa tsa sekgala se seleele.<ref>[https://zimfieldguide.com/matabeleland-north/zambezi-river "The Zambezi River | Zimbabwe Field Guide".] ''zimfieldguide.com''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Loeto lwa David Livingstone mo Zambezi lo ne lwa leka go dira gore noka e dirisiwe ke [[:en:Paddle_steamer|dikepe tsa mouoane]], mme maiteko ao a ne a palelwa ka ntlha ya phailo ya metsi a Cahora Bassa.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Livingstone/The-Zambezi-expedition "David Livingstone - Zambezi Expedition, Missionary, Explorer | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> Mo dingwageng tsa bo-1930 le bo-1940, go ne go na le tirelo ya diketsoana le dibarji tse di tsamaisiwang ka diphaphatha mo karolong e e magareng ga Katombora Rapids, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 50 kwa godimo ga Livingstone, le rapids tse di kwa godimo ga Katima Mulilo. Go ikaegile ka selekanyo sa metsi, dikepe di ne di ka kgweisiwa go feta mo rapids tseo. Bapalami ba Lozi, ba le lesome kgotsa go feta mo sekepeng se le sengwe, ba ne ba kgona go fenya bontsi jwa mafelo ao. Mo mafelong a a neng a le thata go feta, dikepe di ne di gogwa go ralala lotshitshi kgotsa di tsholediwa go feta rapids. Gape ditlhopha tsa dikgomo tsa go goga di ne di goga dibarji go ralala lefatshe ka sekgala sa dikilometara di le 5 go dikologa dipororo tsa Ngonye.<ref>E. C. Mills: [http://www.nrzam.org.uk/NRJ/V1N2/V1N2.htm "Overlanding Cattle from Barotse to Angola"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803091300/http://www.nrzam.org.uk/NRJ/V1N2/V1N2.htm Archived] 3 August 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine,]] ''[[:en:Northern_Rhodesia_Journal|The Northern Rhodesia Journal]]'', Vol 1 No 2, pp 53–63 (1950). Accessed 16 December 2017.</ref> Dikgabaganyo tsa Noka tse pele di neng di le mmalwa thata le tse di kgakala gompieno di ntse di oketsega. Tseno di latelana go tswa kwa motsweding wa noka jaaka fa go latela: -Borogo jwa tsela jwa [[:en:Cazombo|Cazombo]], kwa Angola — bo ne jwa senngwa ka dibomo mo ntweng ya selegae mme ga bo ise bo agiwe gape.<ref>Visible on Google Earth at latitude -11.906 longitude 22.831.</ref> -[[:en:Chinyingi|Borogo jwa go tsamaya ka dinao jwa Chinyingi,]] gaufi le toropo ya [[:en:Zambezi,_Zambia|Zambezi,]] borogo jwa boleele jwa dimetara di le 300 (maoto a le 980), bo agilwe e le porojeke ya setšhaba. -Borogo jwa Lubosi Imwiko II, jo bo golaganyang metse ya [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Kalabo|Kalabo]], ke borogo jwa boleele jwa dimetara di le 1,005 jo bo dirilweng ka concrete le steel, mmogo le tsela e e tsholeditsweng ya dikilometara di le 38.5 mo Mafelong a Merwalela a Barotse. Bo agilwe magareng ga 2011 le 2016,<ref>Visible on Google Earth at longitude 22.924 latitude -15.214.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180302163608/http://www.zedcorner.com/mongu-kalabo-road-zambias-engineering-marvel/ "Mongu-Kalabo Road - Zambia's Engineering Marvel".] ''zedcorner.com''. 13 April 2016. Archived from [http://www.zedcorner.com/mongu-kalabo-road-zambias-engineering-marvel/ the original] on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.</ref> e le katolosetso ya [[:en:Lusaka–Mongu_Road|tsela ya Lusaka–Mongu]], go golaganya Lusaka le Angola. -Borogo jwa Sioma, gaufi le [[:en:Ngonye_Falls|dipororo tsa Ngonye]] e leng borogo jwa tsela jwa dimetara di le 260, jo bo bulogileng ka 2016 e le karolo ya [[:en:M10_Road_(Zambia)|M10 Road]] ([[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]]–[[:en:Senanga|Senanga]]).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180216204802/https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/president-launches-k108m-sioma-bridge/ "President launches K108m Sioma Bridge – Zambia Daily Mail".] ''daily-mail.co.zm''. Archived from [https://www.daily-mail.co.zm/president-launches-k108m-sioma-bridge/ the original] on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.</ref> -[[:en:Katima_Mulilo_Bridge|Borogo jwa Katima Mulilo]], boleele jwa dimetara di le 900, magareng ga [[:en:Namibia|Namibia]] le [[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]], bo bulogilwe ka 2004, mme bo weditse tsela ya [[:en:Trans–Caprivi_Highway|Trans–Caprivi Highway]] e e golaganyang [[:en:Lusaka|Lusaka]] le boemakepe jwa [[:en:Walvis_Bay|Walvis Bay]] kwa lewatleng la Atlantic. -[[:en:Kazungula_Bridge|Borogo jwa Kazungula]], bo bulogilweng ka 2021, bo golaganya Zambia le Botswana. -[[:en:Victoria_Falls_Bridge|Borogo jwa dipororo tsa Victoria]] tsela le terena), e bile borogo jwa ntlha go agiwa, bo weditse ka Moranang 1905 mme bo ne bo le karolo ya lenaneo la [[:en:Cecil_Rhodes|Cecil Rhodes]] la go aga [[:en:Cape_to_Cairo_Railway|tsela ya terena go tswa Cape Town go ya Cairo.]] Boleele jwa jone ke dimetara di le 250. -Letamo la Kariba Dam le rwala tsela e e katilweng ya [[:en:Kariba,_Zimbabwe|Kariba]]/[[:en:Siavonga|Siavonga]] go kgabaganya noka. -[[:en:Chirundu_Bridge|Borogo jwa Otto Beit kwa Chirundu]] (tsela), boleele jwa dimetara di le 382, bo weditse ka 1939. -[[:en:Chirundu_Bridge#Second_Chirundu_Bridge_(2002)|Borogo jwa bobedi jwa Chirundu]] (tsela), boleele jwa dimetara di le 400, bo weditse ka 2002. -[[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Borogo jwa go kgabaganya Tete]], borogo jwa tsela jwa boleele jwa 1 km. -[[:en:Dona_Ana_Bridge|Borogo jwa Dona Ana]], borogo jwa terena kwa Mozambique. -[[:en:Caia,_Mozambique|Borogo jwa Caia]], bo bulogileng ka 2009. Go na gape le diferi tse dinnye di le dintsi tse di kgabaganyang noka mo Angola, Zambia bophirima le Mozambique, segolobogolo magareng ga [[:en:Mongu|Mongu]] le [[:en:Kalabo|Kalabo]]. Kwa godimo ga Mongu, morago ga dipaka tse dipula di sa atlegang, noka e ka kgabagangwa ka maoto mo mafelong mangwe a mabedi. Mo mafelong a boeti jaaka dipororo tsa Victoria le letsha la [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Kariba,]] go na le dikepe tse dikhutshwane tsa boeti tse di tsamaisang baeng mo nokeng. '''Ikoloji''' '''Kgotlhang ya tikologo''' Metsi a [[:en:Effluent|leswe]] ke sengwe sa mabaka a magolo a [[:en:Water_treatment|kgotlhang ya metsi]] mo dikarolong tsa ditoropo, ka gonne ditoropo tsotlhe tse dikgolo tsa kgaolo eno di se na kgotsa di na le dithulaganyo tse di sa lekaneng tsa go [[:en:Water_treatment|phepafatsa metsi]]. Ka jalo, metsi a leswe a tsena ka tlhamalalo mo Nokeng ya Zambezi. Seno se bakile [[:en:Eutrophication|nonofalo e e feteletseng]] ya metsi a noka, mme gape se thusitse go anamisa malwetse a a tswang mo go sa tlhokomeleng phepa, a a jaaka [[:en:Cholera|kholera]],[[:en:Typhus|taipase]] le [[:en:Dysentery|disenteri.]]<ref>Herbig, Friedo J. W. (1 January 2019). Meissner, Richard (ed.). [[doi:10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359|"Talking dirty - effluent and sewage irreverence in South Africa: A conservation crime perspective"]]. ''Cogent Social Sciences''. '''5''' (1) 1701359. doi:[[doi:10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359|10.1080/23311886.2019.1701359]]</ref> '''Ditlamorago tsa Matamo''' Go agiwa ga matamo a mabedi a magolo a a laolang go elela ga noka go bakile diphetogo tse dikgolo mo diphologolong le mo bathong ba ba nnang mo karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi. Fa Letamo la Cahora Bassa Dam le ne le weditse ka 1973, ba ba le laolang ba ne ba le tlatseletsa ka nako e le nngwe ya pula e le nngwe fela, go sa ikanyege ka kgakololo ya gore le tshwanetse go tlatselediwa mo dingwageng di le pedi kgotsa go feta. Go fokotsega ka tshoganyetso ga metsi a noka go bakile go fokotsega ga mangrove cover ka diperesente di le 40%, go oketsega ga kgogolego ya lefatshe mo mabopong a lewatle, le go fokotsega ga 60% ya go tshwarwa ga [[:en:Prawn|kgafa]] gaufi le molomo wa noka, ka ntlha ya go fokotsega ga [[:en:Silt|seretse]] le dikotla. Tsamaiso ya tikologo ya mafelo a merwalela kwa tlase ga matamo e ne ya fokotsega thata. Diphologolo mo delateng di ne tsa tswelela go tshosediwa gape ke go tsoma go sa laolweng sentle nakong ya ntwa ya selegae ya Mozambique.<ref>[https://www.touristlink.com/africa/zambezi-river/overview.html "Zambezi River Tourist Information".] ''www.touristlink.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220128075009/https://www.touristlink.com/africa/zambezi-river/overview.html Archived] from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2021.</ref><ref>Isaacman, Allen; Sneddon, Chris (2000). "Toward a Social and Environmental History of the Building of Cahora Bassa Dam". ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''26''' (4): 597–632. doi:[[doi:10.1080/713683608|10.1080/713683608.]] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-7070 0305-7070]. JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2637563 2637563]. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153574634 153574634.]</ref> '''Mehato ya go sireletsa tikologo''' Porojeke e e tshitshingwang ya [[:en:Kavango–Zambezi_Transfrontier_Conservation_Area|Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area]] e ne e ikaeletse go akaretsa dikarolo tsa Zambia, Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe le Botswana, go akaretsa gape le Okavango Delta le Victoria Falls. Ka 2008, ditšhelete tsa go tshegetsa tirisano ya go sireletsa tikologo mo magareng ga dinaga di le dintsi di ne tsa okediwa mo kgaolong ya Zambezi. Porojeke eno e amogetse thuso ya dimilione di le 8 tsa di-euro go tswa mo mokgatlhong o o seng wa puso wa Jeremane. Karolo ya madi ano e tshwanetse go dirisiwa mo dipatlisisong mo mafelong a a akarediwang ke porojeke. Le fa go ntse jalo, Angola e tlhagisitse kgakololo ya gore ditshipi tse di phatlogileng tse di setseng mo ntweng ya selegae di ka kgoreletsa tiragatso ya porojeke.<ref>[https://www.scidev.net/global/news/sub-saharan-africa-news-in-brief-13-25-march/ "Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 13–25 March".] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130521215431/http://www.scidev.net/en/sub-suharan-africa/news/sub-saharan-africa-news-in-brief-13-25-march.html Archived] from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2021.</ref> Gompieno noka ya Zambezi e feta mo mafelong a diphaka tsa tlholego a a sireleditsweng jaaka Ngonye Falls National Park, [[:en:Mosi-oa-Tunya_National_Park|Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park]], [[:en:Lower_Zambezi_National_Park|Lower Zambezi National Park]], [[:en:Zambezi_National_Park|Zambezi National Park,]] [[:en:Victoria_Falls_National_Park|Victoria Falls National Park]], [[:en:Matusadona_National_Park|Matusadona National Park]], [[:en:Mana_Pools_National_Park|Mana Pools National Park]] le [[:en:Middle_Zambezi_Biosphere_Reserve|Middle Zambezi Biosphere Reserve]] (kwa Zimbabwe).<ref>[https://www.lensman.se/portfolios/zambezi-river-2017/ "Zambezi River 2017 | Lensman - Lennart Hessel Photography".] ''Lensman''. Retrieved 11 May 2024.</ref> '''Taolo ya mehlodi ya ditlhapi''' Go fitlha ka 2017, seemo sa go tshwara ditlhapi go feta selekanyo mo Upper Zambezi le mo dinokeng tse di tsenang mo go yone se ne se le maswe thata. Seno se bakilwe gape ke go tlhokega ga tiragatso e e maatla ya melao le melawana ya botsuolodi jwa go tshwara ditlhapi. Mehlodi ya ditlhapi ya Lake Liambezi kwa botlhaba jwa Caprivi Strip e ne ya fokotsega thata, mme dipatlisiso di bontshitse go fokotsega ga ditlhapi mo tsamaisong yotlhe ya dinoka tsa Zambezi–Kwando–Chobe. [[:en:Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing|Go tshwara ditlhapi ka tsela e e seng ka fa molaong]] (gantsi go dirwa ke baditšhaba ba ba thapilweng ke [[:en:Namibian|Ba-Namibia]]) le batho ba ba ikaeletseng kgwebo ka bonweenwee, go ne ga dirisa mehlodi eno ka tsela e e neng ya senya mebaraka ya selegae le matshelo a batho ba ba ikaegileng ka yone ka setso le ikonomi.<ref>Kooper, Lugeretzia (23 June 2017). [http://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing "Zambezi fishermen warned against overfishing"]. ''namibian.com.na''. The Namibian. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905010246/https://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing Archived] from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2017.</ref> Ka ntlha ya seno, ba boammaaruri ba Namibia ba ne ba thibela go dirisiwa ga matloa a [[:en:Monofilament_fishing_line|monofilament]] nets, mme ba tlhoma paka ya dikgwedi di le tharo mo ngwageng nngwe le nngwe ya go emisa go tshwara ditlhapi, gore ditlhapi di kgone go tsala. Gape ba ne ba tlhoma balebeledi ba ditlhapi mo metseng , mme Kayasa Channel mo kgaolong ya [[:en:Impalila|Impalila]] Conservancy e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka lefelo la tshireletso ya ditlhapi. Lekala la puso la Namibia gape le rotloetsa tshodiso ya ditlhapi mme le rulaganya go abela balemi ba bannye ba ba kwadisitsweng dimilione tsa ditlhapi tse dinnye gore ba simolole kgotsa ba oketse temothuo ya ditlhapi.<ref>Kooper, Lugeretzia (23 June 2017). [http://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing "Zambezi fishermen warned against overfishing".] ''namibian.com.na''. The Namibian. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905010246/https://www.namibian.com.na/166137/archive-read/Zambezi-fishermen-warned-against-overfishing Archived] from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2017.</ref> '''Tiragalo ya EUS''' Ka Lwetse 2007, go ne ga nna le tiragalo ya [[:en:Epizootic|epizootic]] ulcerative syndrome (EUS) e e neng ya bolaya ditlhapi di le makgolo mo nokeng. Ditlhapi tseno di ne di na le diso mo mmeleng. Tona ya Temothuo ya Zambia ka nako eo, Ben Kapita, o ne a kopa baitseanape go dira dipatlisiso ka tiragalo eno, go batlisisa sesosa sa yone le go bona gore a bolwetse jono bo ka fetela mo bathong kgotsa nnyaa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090122212855/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_kmafp/is_200709/ai_n19522812 "Zambia warns against fish killed by mysterious disease"]. Agence France-Presse. Archived from [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_kmafp/is_200709/ai_n19522812 the original] on 22 January 2009.</ref> '''Ditoropo tse dikgolo''' Mo bontsing jwa boleele jwa noka, batho ga ba bantsi, mme go na le ditoropo le metse ya botlhokwa mo tseleng ya yone, tse di akaretsang: -[[:en:Katima_Mulilo|Katima Mulilo]] (Namibia) -[[:en:Livingstone,_Zambia|Livingstone]], [[:en:Mongu|Mongu,]] [[:en:Lukulu|Lukulu,]] [[:en:Senanga|Senanga]] le [[:en:Sesheke|Sesheke]] (Zambia) -[[:en:Victoria_Falls,_Zimbabwe|Victoria Falls]] le [[:en:Kariba_Dam|Kariba]] (Zimbabwe) -[[:en:Songo,_Mozambique|Songo]] le [[:en:Tete,_Mozambique|Tete]] (Mozambique) -[[:en:Cazombo|Cazombo]] (Angola) '''Bona gape''' -[[:en:2007_Mozambican_flood|Morwalela wa Mozambique wa 2007]] -[[:en:Nyami_Nyami|Nyami Nyami]] '''Tshedimosetso''' {{Reflist|30em}} [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] b0d420btw53xmmpjhs8g5kr5jd9z22s 0 13442 50586 50374 2026-06-13T10:21:47Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE BAAKANTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA MOA 50586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Tiwai Island River.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Moa]] '''Noka ya Moa''' ('''Noka ya Makona)''' <ref>Johnston, Harry (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Liberia|"Liberia"]] . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 539.</ref>ke noka ya Afrika Bophirima. E tlhoga kwa dithabeng tsa Guinea mme e elela kwa borwabophirima, e bopa dikarolo tsa Guinea  -  [[Liberia]] le Guinea  - [[Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone.]] E elela mo porofenseng ya Borwa ya Sierra Leone. [[Yenga]], Setlhaketlhake sa Tiwai le [[Sulima]] di mo Moa. == Metswedi == lnpggf7k84zm85uoue3inv8zesylw66 0 13473 50540 50426 2026-06-13T03:49:36Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50540 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diphororo tsa Augrabies''' ke diphororo tse di kwa [[Noka ya Orange|nokeng ya Orange]], noka e tona go di feta tsotlhe kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Fa e sale ka 1966, diphororo tse di mo tikologong e e senang batho mo lefelong la itloso bodutu la Augrabies Falls National Park. Diphororo di dimithara di le masome a matlhano le borataro go ya kwa godimo.<ref name=":0">[https://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall/Augrabies-Falls-116 "Augrabies Falls | World Waterfall Database".] ''www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com''. Retrieved 21 February 2017.</ref> Metswedi mengwe e supa fa e le dimithara di le lekgolo, masome a mane le borataro go ya kwa godimo; mme ke boleele go tswa kwa tlase ga mangope go ya kwa godimo ga mabotana, eseng jwa diphororo ka bo tsone.<ref name=":0" /> == Dipatlisiso == Banni ba ntlha ba morafe wa Khoikhoi ba biditse diphororo tse lefelo la modumo o montsi - Maburu ba pele ba ba neng ba thibelela koo morago, ba ne ba di bitsa Augrabies.<ref>Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). ''Natural Wonders of the World''. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 62. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-89577-087-3|<bdi>0-89577-087-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Moeteledipele wa bofelo wa beng gae e ne e le Klaas Pofadder o a neng a nna mo setlhaketlhakeng sa diphororo tseo, se gompieno se bidiwang setlhaketlhake sa Klaas. Mo Yuropa wa ntlha go bona diphororo tse e ne e le mogwebiwa kwa Sweden Hendrik Jako Wikar.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240622055412/https://www.wondermondo.com/augrabies-falls/ "Augrabies Falls"]. ''WonderMondo''. 9 February 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2026</ref> o gorogile kwa diphororong ka Phalane ngwaga wa 1778, morago ga go tsamaya dingwaga tse dintsi mo sekgweng. Fa motsamai o mongwe George Thompson, a ne a isiwa kwa diphororong ke bakaedi ba morafe wa Koranna ka 1826, o ne a di bitsa King George IV. Ka dingwaga tsa 1920 di simologa, lesole, motsamai gape e le mopolotiki Deneys Reitz o ne a thuma kwa morago ga diphororo, a re ke ene motho wa ntlha go dira jalo a bo a tshela.<ref>Reitz, Deneys (1999). ''Adrift on the Open Veld''. Cape Town: Stormberg. pp. 589–590. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-6202-4380-3|<bdi>978-0-6202-4380-3</bdi>.]]</ref> == Bogolo == Diphororo tsa Augrabies di gatisitse dimithara di le dikete di supa, makgolo a robabobedi a metsi ka sephatlo sa motsotso ka merwalela ya 1988 (le di mithara di le dikete di le thataro, makgolo a robabobedi mo merwaleleng ya 2006. Metsi a, a feta a Diphororo tsa Niagara ga raro ka nako ya pula e ntsi ka sephatlosa motsotso, a feta a Niagara gane a ngwaga. Mogogoro o o kwa diphororong tsa Augrabies o di mithara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane go ya kwa teng le dikhilomithara di le lesome le borobabobedi ka boleele, ke sekai se se makatsang sa kgothego ya maje a mantsho. == Borai == Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1966, batho ba feta masome mabedi ba wetse mo mogogorong o, mme ba tlhokafala, ba le batlhano ba tserwe ke metsi a diphororo. Mojanala wa lotso lwa Scandinavia le fa go ntse jalo o ne a falola go wela mo mogogorong ka 1979, jaaka monna o a neng a tserwe ke metsi a diphoror ka Phalane 1981. Mebele ya ba bangwe e ne e tshwerwe ke mogobe o o kwa tlase, ya se ka ya tlhola e bonwa. Ka mo go tshwanang, diphologolo di akaretsa dikgomo le dikubu di tserwe ke diphororo tse.<ref name=":1" /> ==== Diphororo tsa Augrabies ==== [[Setshwantsho:Augrabies Falls 1.JPG|left|thumb|150x150px|Diphororo mo seraleng se di bonelwang mo go sone]] [[Setshwantsho:Augrabie 01.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Diphororo go le morwalela]] [[Setshwantsho:Augrabies Falls.jpg|center|thumb|150x150px|Diphororo tsa Augrabies ka mariga]] == Mainane == Mainane a a neng a bolelwa ke batho ba Aforika Borwa ba century ya masome mabedi a ne atlhalosa mogobe o o kwa tlase ga King George fa o tletse diteemane, tse di tsewang ke makhubu go ya nokeng ya Orange. Ba bolela gape fa mogobe e le lefelo la bonno la noga e tona e e bidiwang Grootslang.<ref>Green, Lawrence G. (1948). [[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.54893|''Where Men Still Dream''.]] Standard Press Ltd., Cape Town. p. 125-126.</ref> == Metswedi == m0n9fa8pkgbf00gmi6iikeun0m5u6zh 0 13507 50551 50461 2026-06-13T06:13:15Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50551 wikitext text/x-wiki Maikarabelo a go tlamela ka metsi kwa Nigeria a abelanwa ke maphata a le mararo a puso  ⁇  ya bosetšhaba, ya porofense le ya selegae. Puso ya selegae e na le maikarabelo a go laola metswedi ya metsi; dipuso tsa diporofense di na le maikarabelo a magolo a go tlamela metse ka metsi; mme dipuso tsa selegae mmogo le baagi di na le maikarabelo a go tlamela metse ka metsi kwa magaeng. Boikarabelo jwa go phepafatsa ga bo tlhalosiwe sentle.<ref>[https://www.africaportal.org/documents/8111/Joe_Goldface_en.pdf Goldface–Irokalibe, Joe. Water Management In Federal And Federal –Type Countries: Nigerian Perspectives] (PDF) (Report). pp. 14–15. Retrieved 28 May 2021.</ref> Boleng jwa tirelo ya metsi le go busediwa ga ditshenyegelo tsa one go kwa tlase. Ditheko tsa metsi di kwa tlase mme batho ba le bantsi ba ba dirisang metsi ga ba duele dikoloto tsa bone. Ka jalo batlamedi ba ditirelo ba ikaega thata ka dithuso tsa nakwana go duelela ditshenyegelo tsa bona tsa tiragatso. <ref>[http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=ENV/WKP(2020)13&docLanguage=En "Addressing the social consequences of tariffs for water supply"]</ref> Dipholisi tsa Bosetšhaba le Maitlhomo di rotloetsa go nna le seabe ga lephata la poraefete le go fetola pholisi kwa maemong a Puso.<ref name=":0">USAID: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090730015346/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADO937.pdf Nigeria Water and Sanitation Profile, ca]. 2007</ref>Tlamelo ya metsi le kgeleloleswe ya bosetšhaba e lemoga botlhokwa jwa tlamelo ya metsi le kgeleloleswe jaaka e le botlhokwa mo setšhabeng se se itekanetseng le tlhabololo ya bosetšhaba.<ref>Adeoti, O. (2007-02-01). "Challenges to managing water resources along the hydrological boundaries in Nigeria". ''Water Policy''. '''9''' (1): 105–118. Bibcode:[[doi:10.2166/wp.2006.002|2007WaPol...9..105A]]. doi:10.2166/wp.2006.002. ISSN 1366-7017.</ref> Mo dipotsolotsong, Olukemi Badenoch, moeteledipele wa Conservative Party, o ne a bolela gore fa a ne a sa le ngwana kwa Nigeria, ba lelapa la gaabo ba ne ba na le mathata a go se nne le metsi le motlakase, mme seo se ne sa ama tsela e a lebang dipolotiki ka yone. O ne a tsopola maitemogelo a gagwe jaaka karolo ya lebaka la go bo a tsaya botsitso jwa mafaratlhatlha le mebaraka e e gololesegileng e le botlhokwa, ka a bone ka matlho dikgwetlho tsa go tshela ntle le go fitlhelela ditirelo tsa motheo. == Go tsena == Baithaopi ba phepafatsa mesele ya metsi kwa Ilorin, Nigeria ka letsatsi la boithatelo. Tota le fa go na le mafaratlhatlha a a lekaneng a go boloka le go dira gore go nne le thulaganyo ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse, go ka nna ga se ka ga nna jalo kwa [[Nigeria]]. Go kgotlelwa ga polasetiki go kgoreletsa go dirisiwa ga metsi a a leswe mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2015, 67% ya baagi ba Nigeria ba ne ba kgona go bona metsi a motheo.<ref>[https://www.waterwide.org/water-nigerians-deserves/ "Water Nigerians Deserves".] Retrieved 2023-03-20</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/nigeria/summary/statistics/ "Nigeria"]. ''WASHWatch''. Retrieved 21 March 2017</ref>Palo eno e ne e le 82% ya batho ba ba nnang mo ditoropong le 54% ya batho ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Bontsi jwa batho kwa Nigeria ga ba na metsi a a phepa, segolo thata kwa mafelong a magae.<ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/262663-69-million-nigerians-lack-access-to-safe-water-unicef.html "69 million Nigerians lack access to safe water- UNICEF | Premium Times Nigeria".] 2018-03-22. Retrieved 2022-03-01</ref> Dipalopalo tsa lefatshe ka bophara tsa metsi le boitekanelo di supa gore 79% ya batho ba Nigeria ba na le mathata a tlhaelo ya metsi. <ref>[https://tribuneonlineng.com/hazards-of-contaminated-water/ "Hazard of contaminated water".] ''Nigerian Tribune''. 27 January 2022.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2015, batho ba ka nna dimilione di le 60 ba ne ba sa kgone go bona metsi a "bonnye". Malebana le go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse, ke 33% fela ya baagi ba ba neng ba kgona go fitlhelela "bonnye" jwa go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse. Palo eno e ne e le 39% ya batho ba ba nnang mo ditoropong le 27% ya batho ba ba nnang kwa magaeng. Batho ba ba ka nnang dimilione di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le bobedi (122) ba ne ba sa ntse ba sa kgone go fitlhelela "bonnye jwa motheo" jwa go nna phepa.<ref>[https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/nigeria/summary/statistics/ "Nigeria"]. ''WASHWatch''. Retrieved 21 March 2017.</ref><ref>[[:en:Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Nigeria#cite_note-12|WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation.]]</ref> Mo mafelong a ditoropo, go fitlhelela diphaepe tsa metsi go ne ga emisetsa go fitlhelela metsi ka diphaepe.<ref>"UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU/Wider)". ''Poverty and Undernutrition'': ii. 2000-10-05. doi:[[doi:10.1093/0198292686.001.0001.002.002|10.1093/0198292686.001.0001.002.002.]] ISBN <bdi>0-19-829268-6</bdi>.</ref> Go nna le thulaganyo e e lekaneng ya go tlosa leswe gantsi go dirwa ka ditanka tsa septic, ka gonne ga go na thulaganyo ya go tsamaisa leswe. Dipalopalo tse di malebana le go fitlhelela metsi le kgeleloleswe di a ganetsana ka ntlha ya ditlhaloso tse di sa tshwaneng, ditshupo le mekgwa e e farologaneng e e dirisiwang ke ditheo tse di farologaneng. Ga go na le fa e le go lekola lephata lepe fela. <ref>[[:en:Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Nigeria#cite_note-14|John Gambo Laah, Ph.D., Water and Sanitation Monitoring Platform (WSMP),]] Nigeria: Nigeria Water and Sanitation Summary Sheet, no date</ref> Go ya ka Guardian News: "Mookamedi wa Advocacy, Policy and Communication, Water Aid Nigeria, Kolawole Banwo, o rile mo dikgaolong tsa puso ya selegae di le makgolo a supa le masome a supa le bone (774) mo Nigeria, ke di le masome a supa le borataro (76) fela tse di senang maemo a go ntsha mantle mo nageng, bothata jono jwa boitekanelo e sa ntse e le bothata jo bo masisi jo bo tlhokang kgato e e potlakileng".<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220301105621/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/40-of-fct-residents-into-open-defecation/ "40% of FCT residents into open defecation".] ''The Guardian''. Lagos, Nigeria. 2022-02-06. Archived from the original on 2022-03-01. Retrieved 2022-03-01</ref> Go ya ka pego e e gatisitsweng ke Amnesty International ka kgwedi ya Lwetse , khampani ya oli ya Shell le puso ya Rivers State, kwa borwa jwa Nigeria ga di dire go le gontsi go tlamela metsi a a phepa kwa Ogale, lefelo le le kwa ntle ga motsemoshate. Banni ba patelesega go reka metsi ka ditlhwatlhwa tse di sa kgonegeng kgotsa go nwa metsi a a tswang mo didibeng tse di kgotletsweng ka benzene.<ref name=":3">[https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/AFR4491722018ENGLISH.pdf "COMMUNITY IN NIGERIA DRINKING POLLUTED WATER"] (PDF). Amnesty International. Retrieved 27 September 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/common-water-issues "Common Water Issues | U.S. Geological Survey"]. ''www.usgs.gov''. Retrieved 2022-02-27</ref> == Boleng jwa tirelo tsa metsi == Go ya ka World Bank, ka ngwaga wa 2010, "ditirelo tsa ntshokuno ya metsi kwa Nigeria di ne di sa dire ka bokgoni jo bo siameng ka ntlha ya didiriso tse di senyegileng, kgotsa go tlhoka motlakase kgotsa mafura a go pompa".<ref>[https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2010/04/22/new-project-to-bring-clean-water-to-50000-households "New Project to Bring Clean Water to 50,000 Households".] ''World Bank''. Retrieved 2020-05-29.</ref> Ditshenyegelo tsa go dira tsa ditheo tsa metsi di okediwa ke tlhokego ya go ikaega ka dijenereitara tsa disele kgotsa le e leng go ikagela dimela tsa tsone tsa motlakase, ka gore motlakase ga o tle ka metlha. Didiriswa le diphaepe di tlhokomelwa sentle, go isa kwa go tlamelweng ga metsi ka dinako tse di rileng le kwa maemong a a kwa godimo a metsi a a senang lotseno.<ref>World Bank:[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRICAEXT/NIGERIAEXTN/0,,contentMDK:22553025~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:368896,00.html New Project to Bring Clean Water to 50,000 Households], 22 April 2010</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2000, mo e ka nnang selekanyo sa masome a ferangbobedi (80% )ya ditsamaiso tsa metsi tse di neng di le mo mmusong (tse di neng di tsamaisiwa ke setšhaba) mo ditoropong tse dinnye di ne di sa dire.<ref name=":4">World Bank/Federal Republic of Nigeria:[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/NIGERIAEXTN/Resources/wss_1100.pdf Water Supply & Sanitation Interim Strategy Note,] November 2000, retrieved on April 11, 201</ref> Ka go dira dipeeletso le go aga bokgoni jwa baagi, tiriso ya mafelo a metsi e ka okediwa mo nakong e khutshwane. Ka sekai, mo metseng e e neng e tshegediwa ke UNICEF kwa Kwara State, tiro e ne ya tokafala go tswa go masome ma matlhano le boraro (53%) go ya go 98%, mme kwa Kebbi state, tiro ya go epa e ne ya tokafala go tswa go 12% go ya go 88%. Le fa go ntse jalo, ga go itsege sentle gore didirisiwa tseno di tla tswelela go dira sentle jang mo nakong e telele, morago ga gore ditsereganyo tsa boditšhabatšhaba di fele. Mo ngwagasomeng wa bobedi wa dingwaga tsa bo-2000, e ne ya lekanngwa ka go nna teng ga di-metalloid mo go tlameleng metsi a a dirisediwang batho le temothuo, mo mabakeng a mangwe ka boleng jo bo fetang melelwane ya boditšhabatšhaba ya WHO (sekao, mo mafelong a a dikologileng Zaria, <ref name=":5">Philip Njoku Obasi; Bennard Benedict Akudinobi (2020). [[doi:10.1007/s13201-020-01233-z|"Potential health risk and levels of heavy metals in water resources of lead–zinc mining communities of Abakaliki, southeast Nigeria".]] ''Applied Water Science''. '''10''' (article number 184): 184. Bibcode:2020ApWS...10..184O. doi:10.1007/s13201-020-01233-z. S2CID 220375764.</ref>Abakaliki, <ref name=":5" />Ibadan <ref>Effiong Ukorebi Etim (March 1, 2017). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6236527 "Occurrence and Distribution of Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium in Shallow Groundwater Systems of Ibadan Metropolis, Southwestern Nigerian".] ''Journal of Health and Pollution''. '''7''' (13): 32–41. doi:10.5696/2156-9614-7-13.32. ISSN 2156-9614. PMC 6236527. <nowiki>PMID 30524812</nowiki>. S2CID 54448087.</ref> <ref>Christiana Ndidi Egbinolacorresponding; Amobichukwu Chukwudi Amanambu (2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447718 "Groundwater contamination in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria"]. ''SpringerPlus''. '''3''' 448. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-448. PMC 4447718. <nowiki>PMID 26034666</nowiki></ref>le Onitsha). Kgotlelo ya dimetaloid le segolo thata ya arsenic- e farologana ka selekanyo se se maleba mo setlheng sa komelelo le sa pula, ka ntlha ya go ntshiwa ga diminerale mo metsing a sediba le a diforo le ka bontlhabongwe mo ditirong tsa madirelo a meepo.<ref>. Citation: [http://jett.dormaj.com/docs/Volume3/Issue%201/html/Level%20of%20arsenic%20in%20potable%20water%20sources%20in%20Nigeria%20and%20their%20potential%20health%20impacts%20A%20review.htm ''High arsenic concentrations can occur locally in surface waters (as well as ground waters) in areas of bedrock sulphide mineralization or mining activity, industrial contaminations, or areas affected by geothermal activity and in surface waters that are fed by high-arsenic groundwater''.]</ref><ref name=":5" />Boemo jo bo tshwanang jwa setlha sa arsenic bo lemogilwe mo dithishung tsa mesifa ya mefuta ya ditlhapi tsa kwa tlase ga lewatle.<ref>Citation: ''[https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201700277593 This calls for continuous monitoring and enforcement of regulations to ensure safety of fishery resources from Lagos Lagoon.]''</ref>Ka jalo, bothata jwa kgotlelo ga bo a rarabololwa ka botlalo le fa e le mo indasetering ya ditlhapi ya Nigeria mme go tlhokega dipatlisiso tse dingwe (kgotsa melawana). == Bokgoni == Metsi le kgelelo-leswe ga di a tlamelwa sentle mo Nigeria. <ref>Obeta, Michael Chukwuma; Nwankwo, Cletus Famous (2015). [https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/jengeo.2015.8.issue-3-4/jengeo-2015-0009/jengeo-2015-0009.xml "Factors Responsible For Rural Residential Water Supply Shortage In Southeastern Nigeria"]. ''Journal of Environmental Geography''. '''8''' (3–4): 21–32. doi:10.1515/jengeo-2015-0009 – via De Gruyter.</ref>Ka sekai, ditheo tsa metsi tsa puso di na le badiri ba bantsi thata. Ka ngwaga wa 2000, go ne go na le badiri ba ka nna masome a supa (70) mo badirising ba le sekete (1 000) mo ditheong tsa metsi tsa puso, fa go bapisiwa le kelo ya tiragatso e e gaisang ya 3.5.<ref name=":4" />Metsi a e seng a lotseno gantsi a feta 50%.<ref name=":0" /> === Abuja === Millennium Park e e kwa Abuja, e metsi a yone a tlamelwang ka metsi a ntseng a okediwa Motsemogolo wa Nigeria, Abuja, o bona karolo ya metsi a one a a nowang mo letamong la Lower Usuma Dam. Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ka ngwaga wa 2013, Federal Capital Territory Water Board (FCTWB) e leng setheo se se rweleng maikarabelo a go tlamela metsi a a nowang mo Federal Capital Territory se ne sa simolola go dira karolo ya boraro le ya bone ya porojeke ya Lower Usman Dam Treatment Plant (LUDWTP) e e simolotseng ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2011. Dikarolo tsotlhe tsa porojeke (karolo 1, 2, 3, le 4) le letamo la letamo la Gurara ke motswedi wa metsi a a sa tlhotlhiwang go tswa mo letamong la letamo la Lower Usuma le fa le kopantswe, le na le bokgoni jwa go dira dilitara di le dimilione di le makgolo a supa le masome a mabedi (720) tsa metsi a a phepa ka letsatsi go ya kwa Abuja le baagisani ba gagwe.<ref>[https://dailytrust.com/ "Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics | Dailytrust".] ''Daily Trust''. Retrieved 2022-02-16.</ref><ref>[https://www.water-technology.net/projects/lower-usuma-dam-water-treatment-plant-expansion-abuja/ "Lower Usuma Dam Water Treatment Plant Expansion, Abuja - Water Technology".] ''www.water-technology.net''. Retrieved 2022-03-13.</ref> Metsi a a leswe a phepafadiwa kwa Federal Capital Territory Sewage Treatment Plant e e leng kwa kgaolong ya Wupa kwa Abuja, e agilwe ke SCC Nigeria Limited mme e laetswe ke Moporesitente Olusegun Obasanjo.<ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/abuja-sewage-treatment-plant-runs-on-generators-for-13-years/ "Abuja Sewage Treatment Plant runs on generators for 13 years".] ''Vanguard''. Lagos, Nigeria. 2021-01-23. Retrieved 2022-03-13</ref> === Enugu === Kakaretso ya toropo ya Enugu Enugu ke porofense e e kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Nigeria. Enugu State Water Corporation ke setheo se se rweleng maikarabelo a go tlamela ka metsi mo Enugu State, se eteletswe pele ke motsamaisi-mogolo. Go se nne teng ga metsi a a lekaneng e ntse e le nngwe ya dikgwetlho tse dikgolo tsa puso ya Enugu e e ka nnang ya bo e le ka ntlha ya go sa tsamaisiweng sentle ga mafaratlhatlha le kgogolego kwa Ajali Water Works e e tlamelang 77,000 m3 ya metsi letsatsi le letsatsi. <ref name=":6">[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/11/03/changing-the-narrative-on-enugu-water-problem-from-the-root/ "Changing the Narrative on Enugu Water Problem from the Root"]. ''This Day''. 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2022-03-13.</ref>Ntlo ya Palamente ya Enugu State ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2021 e fetisitse molao o o tshwailweng ka "tshwanelo ya go fitlhelela metsi le ditirelo tsa boitekanelo". Molaotlhomo ono o ne wa tlisiwa ka maiteko a go tokafatsa tlamelo ya metsi le ditirelo tsa boitekanelo mo nageng. <ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/07/enugu-assembly-passes-bill-to-improve-water-supply-sanitation/ "Enugu Assembly passes bill to improve water supply, sanitation".] ''Vanguard''. Lagos, Nigeria. 2021-07-28. Retrieved 2022-02-17.</ref> Puso ya Enugu State e simolotse go tsosolosa 9th Mile Crash Programme ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2021 morago ga gore porojeke eno e emisiwe dingwaga tse di fetang masome a mararo (30). Porojeke eno e dirilwe ke FordMarx Nigeria Limited. <ref name=":6" /> === Lagos === Motse o mogolo go gaisa otlhe mo Nigeria ka palo ya baagi, Lagos o dikologilwe ke metsi a lewatle le lekadiba. Phesente e e fopholediwang ya metsi a a phepa mo toropong e ka nna 81.32%. <ref>Lagos Water Corporation. [http://www.lagoswater.org/about_us.php "Organisation History"]. Retrieved 12 April 2012.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, e re ka metsi a a seng phepa a a mo letsheng a kgotletswe thata, motse o bona metsi a one go tswa mo dinokeng tsa Ogun le Owo. Lefelo la bogologolo la go phepafatsa metsi mo toropong eno, le le kwa Iju mo Nokeng ya Ogun, le ne la agiwa ka ngwaga wa 1910. E ne ya okediwa ka dikgato go nna digalase di le dimilione di le masome a mane le botlhano (45) ka letsatsi. Semela se sengwe se sennye se ne sa agiwa kwa Ishashi mo Nokeng ya Owo ka ngwaga tsa bo1970. Motšhine o mogolo go gaisa o o kileng wa agiwa o ne wa tsenngwa tirisong ka ngwaga wa1991 kwa Adiyan ka bokgoni jwa digalase di le dimilione di le masome a supa (70) ka letsatsi. Gape e tswa mo Nokeng ya Owo. Gape go na le di-mini-waterworks di le supa tse di tserweng go tswa mo metsweding ya selegae tse di nang le bokgoni jo bo kopaneng jwa lesome le boferabobedi (18m) gallons ka letsatsi. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241104184550/http://watercorporation.lagosstate.gov.ng/ "Lagos State Water Corporation".] ''Lagos State Water Corporation''. Retrieved 2022-03-01.</ref>Lekgotla la Metsi la Lagos le bolela gore metsi a a tlhagisitsweng mo semeleng a fitlhelela maemo a a kwa godimo, le gore a tlamela "metsi a a bolokesegileng a go nwa ka selekanyo se se lekaneng le ka metlha go batho ba ba fetang dimilione di le 12,5 kwa Legos State". <ref>Lagos State Water Corporation. [http://www.lagoswater.org/index.php "Welcome to the Official Website of the LSWC".] Retrieved 12 April 2012.</ref> LASWARCO (Lagos Water Corporation) le yone e simolotse loeto lwa go ya go ithuta kwa Lekgotleng la Bosetšhaba la tlamelo ya metsi le kgeleloleswe mo Zambia gore go tle go rarabololwe mabaka a motheo a a bakang bothata jwa tlamelo ya metsi le kgeleloleswe le ditsela tse di tlhokegang tsa go rarabolola bothata jono.Le fa go ntse jalo, metsi a kgotlelwa gantsi mo kgwebong ya kabo mme batho ga ba tshepe boleng jwa metsi a pompo. Go kgaoga ga motlakase go kgoreletsa ditlamelo tsa go phepafatsa go dira go sa kgaotse. Le fa go ntse jalo, semela sa motlakase sa 12.15 MW se ne se ntse se agiwa ka ngwaga wa 2012 go tlamela ka motlakase kwa mafelong a go phepafatsa metsi a Adiyan, Iju le Akute. <ref name=":7">[http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/04/lagos-water-everywhere-but-not-to-drink/ "Lagos: Water everywhere but none to drink".] ''Vanguard''. Lagos, Nigeria. 3 April 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012.</ref> Malapa le one a bona metsi go tswa mo didibeng tse di seng boteng tsa poraefete. <ref name=":7" />Kgotsa malapa a ikaega ka barekisi ba mo mebileng, ba dira mmaraka o o atlegileng wa "metsi a kgetsana", metsi a a phepafaditsweng a a phuthetsweng mo dikgetsaneng tsa polyethylene.Barekisi ba metsi ba ba bidiwang Mairuwa ba rekisa metsi go tswa mo ditankeng le mo dirotong mo dikareng, tse ka dinako tse dingwe di rekisetswang barekisi ba bangwe ba ba rwalang metsi ka dikgamelo kgotsa ka dinkgwana. <ref name=":7" /> Go fitlhelela metsi a a tlamelwang ke State Water Corporation ke 'metropocentric' ke gore, go dikologilwe ke metropolis. Ka ntlha ya go se nne teng ga metsi a a lekaneng mo setšhabeng, batho ba ne ba gana go dirisa metsi go tswa mo motsweding mongwe le mongwe go a dirisa mo malapeng. 40% ya matlo a ikaegile ka sediba go a dirisa mo malapeng; 32% e ikaegile ka barekisi go bona metsi; 7% ya matlo a ikaegile ka megogoro ya setšhaba le 19% ka ditanka, dinoka le metsi a pula a a sa bonweng mo setlheng se se omeletseng. == Benue == Noka ya Benue (Makurdi) Kwa Makurdi, motsemoshate wa Benue State, ke fela 25-30% ya baagi ba ba direlwang mme baagi ba tsaya metsi a a sa tlhotlhiwang ka dikgamelo go tswa kwa nokeng e e kgotletsweng ya Benue. <ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326449662 "The contending issues with domestic water supply in makurdi"]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2008, go agiwa ga lefelo la go phepafatsa metsi go ne ga tlogelwa go ise go wediwe mme badiredi ba ne ba sa kgone go tlhalosa US$6 million. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2012, go ne go ntse go agiwa lefelo la go phepafatsa metsi jaaka karolo ya Greater Makurdi Waterworks Project. Go ya ka Nat Apir, mogakolodi wa metsi yo o ikemetseng, go tlhoka ga marangrang a a tsamaisang metsi a segompieno go tla dira gore diphaepe di phatloge mme bokgoni jwa semela bo mo kotsing ya go sa dirisiwe ka botlalo. <ref name=":8">PBS / Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting (15 March 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120316045356/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/globalhealth/jan-june12/westafrica_03-15.html "What's Causing Water Shortages in Ghana, Nigeria?".] ''PBS''. pp. Minutes 1–4 of the video. Archived from the original on March 16, 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2012</ref> Melatswana/dinoka di tsenya 27.89% mo setlheng se se omeletseng le 24.16% mo setlheng se se metsi, metsi a pula e le 0.00% mo setlheng se se omeletseng le 27.22% mo setlheng se se metsi. Kwa motseng wa Ugbokolo, tlhokego ya metsi e kwa godimo (155,788 lpd) go feta se se leng teng (113,249 lpd) go ralala motse.[ 43] === Imo === Morago ga dingwaga di le masome a mabedi le bone (24) tsa go dira ntle le metsi a a tsamaisiwang, ka ngwaga wa 2020, puso ya Imo ka fa tlase ga tsamaiso ya ga Senator Hope Uzodinma, Mmusi wa Imo, o ne a ntsha madi go tsosolosa lephata la metsi a a phepa mo metsesetoropong, mme seo sa dira gore baagi ba Imo ba kgone go bona metsi a a bolokesegileng, ditirelo tsa boitekanelo le tsa boitekanelo. Ka fa tlase ga Engr Emeka Celestine Ugoanyanwu, Imo State Water and Sewerage Corporation e ne ya dira diphetogo tse dikgolo tsa setheo, pholisi le taolo, tse di neng tsa isa kwa go tsosoloseng Otammiri Waterworks le dithulaganyo tse dingwe tsa metsi tse di neng di le ka fa tlase ga taolo ya Setlamo. <ref name=":9">[https://www.sunnewsonline.com/uzodimma-revives-adapalm-restores-public-water-supply-to-owerri/ "Uzodimma revives Adapalm, restores public water supply to Owerri"]. ''The Sun''. Lagos, Nigeria. 2020-04-22. Retrieved 2022-03-12.</ref>Ka jalo mmusi gape o ne a laela gore go dirwe tsosoloso e e akaretsang mo lephateng la WASH go tsamaelana le thekenoloji ya segompieno. Go ya ka USAID, Imo State Water and Sewerage Corporation (ISWSC) e tlamela ka metsi go batho ba le dimilione di le tharo ( 3) ba kwa Imo. <ref>Ngene, Ben U.; Nwafor, Christiana O.; Bamigboye, Gideon O.; Ogbiye, Adebanji S.; Ogundare, Jacob O.; Akpan, Victor E. (2021-01-01). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7820563 "Assessment of water resources development and exploitation in Nigeria: A review of integrated water resources management approach".] ''Heliyon''. '''7''' (1) e05955. Bibcode:2021Heliy...705955N. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05955. ISSN 2405-8440. PMC 7820563. <nowiki>PMID 33521352</nowiki>.</ref> === Oyo === Letamo la Asejire Letamo la Erelu le le neng la tsenngwa tirisong ka ngwaga wa 1963 ke motswedi o mogolo wa metsi go baagi ba Oyo le tikologo ya yona mme le na le bokgoni jwa go tlamela ka dilitara di le dimilione di le 7,5 tsa metsi ka letsatsi mme gape le na le bokgoni jwa bobolokelo jwa 10cm3.<ref>Ufoegbune, G. C; Oparinde, O. C; Eruola, A. O. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280082127 "Municipal water supply planning in Oyo metropolis, Oyo State, South Western Nigeria".] ''Journal of Geography and Regional Planning''. '''4''' (7): 9 – via ResearchGate.</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, go na le diporojeke di le tharo tsa go tlamelwa ka metsi kwa Ibadan: Eleyele Water Works, Asejire Water Works le Osegere Water Works. Go tlhaela ga metsi, diphaepe tse di thubegileng ke dingwe tsa dikgwetlho tse banni ba kwa Oyo ba lebaneng le tsone malebana le metsi. Mafelo a ditoropo a Oyo a tlamelwa ka metsi ke Oyo State Water Corporation. === Edo === Motswedi o le mongwe fela wa metsi kwa motseng wa Itsukwi, kwa Edo Thulaganyo ya metsi kwa Benin City, e e ikaegileng ka Letamo la Noka ya Ikpoba, e tlamela fela mo e ka nnang 30% ya baagi. Bo Tautona ba bangwe ba le masome a supa (70) ba di bona metsi a tsone go tswa mo didibeng tse dintsi tse di epetsweng gore di dirisediwe merero ya motho ka namana, ya temothuo le ya madirelo. === Borno === Kwa Borno State, go thata go bona metsi a a phepa le go nna le thulaganyo e e siameng ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse ka ntlha ya dikgotlhang tse di ntseng di tsweletse ka dingwaga di le dintsi tse di sentseng diphaepe tsa metsi, dikhuti le matlwana a boithomelo. Batho ba le bantsi mo metseng le mo dikampeng tsa batshabi ba ga metsi ba a gelela mo dinokeng, mo matamong kgotsa mo didibeng tse di bulegileng, tse gantsi di leswe e bile go se motlhofo go di nwa. Go ya ka pego ya ngwaga wa 2021 ya UNICEF, ke mo e ka nnang nngwetharong fela ya batho ba kwa Borno ba ba nang le metsi a a phepa, mme bontsi jwa bone ba sa ntse ba dirisa metsi a a nang le megare. Matlo a le mantsi ga a na matlwana a boithomelo, ka jalo go ntshetsa mantle kwa ntle go sa ntse go tlwaelegile mo mafelong mangwe. Go thusa go tokafatsa seemo, puso ya porofense ya Borno le mekgatlho e e jaaka UNICEF, WaterAid,<ref>[https://www.wateraid.org/ng/media/the-coca-cola-foundation-and-wateraid-bring-life-transforming-water-and-hygiene-to-four "The Coca-Cola Foundation and WaterAid bring life-transforming water and hygiene to four communities in Borno State | WaterAid Nigeria"]. ''www.wateraid.org''. Retrieved 2025-11-10</ref>le Red Cross (ICRC) ba ntse ba baakanya dikhuti, ba aga matlwana a boithomelo, le go tlamela ka metsi a a phepa, segolo thata kwa Maiduguri le metse e e gaufi.Le fa go na le maiteko ano otlhe, go tlhoka tshireletsego, tlhokomelo e e bokoa, le go tlhoka madi a a lekaneng go dira gore go nne thata gore malapa a le mantsi kwa Borno a nne le metsi a a phepa le thulaganyo e e siameng ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse. == Kaduna == Kwa Kaduna State, batho ba le bantsi ba sa ntse ba kgaratlhela go bona metsi a a phepa le a a phepa. Pego ya puso ya ngwaga wa 2021 e bontshitse gore batho ba ba kwa tlase ga halofo ya batho mo nageng eno ba na le metsi a a nowang ka metlha, mme ke ba le mmalwa fela ba ba nang le metsi a a phepafaditsweng sentle le a a bolokesegileng. Mo mafelong a mantsi a kwa magaeng, batho ba ga metsi go tswa mo didibeng kgotsa mo didibeng, mme dingwe tsa tsone di a omelela ka paka ya komelelo kgotsa di emisa go bereka. Gape dipatlisiso di fitlhetse gore bontsi jwa metsi a a dirisiwang mo malapeng ga a babalesega, ka gonne a na le megare e e ka bakang malwetse. Go rarabolola bothata jono Kano e tlamelwa ka metsi a a tswang mo dinokeng tsa lefelo leo le a a tswang mo metsing a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe a a dirisitsweng thata. Tlamelo ya metsi ya setšhaba e tlhaela, ka jalo mafelo a poraefete a go rekisa metsi a ntse a ntsifala le go dira dipoelo tsa bathapi ba poraefete. <ref name=":7" />Letamo la Asa le dira jaaka motswedi o mogolo wa metsi wa toropo ya Ilorin. === Noka ya Kaduna === Dipolotiki le maiteko Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Tlamelo ya Metsi le Kgeleloleswe ya Nigeria, e e amogetsweng ka ngwaga wa 2000, e rotloetsa go nna le seabe ga lekala la poraefete mme e lebeletse gore go dirwe diphetogo mo ditheong le mo melaong ya puso. Le fa go ntse jalo, ga go ise go direge sepe se se kalo mo dintlheng tseno ka bobedi. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2007, ke di state di le nne fela mo go tse masome a mararo le bosupa (37) - Lagos, Cross River, Kaduna le Ogun states[39] tse di simolotseng go tsenya tirisanommogo ya setšhaba le poraefete (PPP) ka mokgwa wa dikonteraka tsa ditirelo,[6] mofuta wa PPP o mo go ona maikarabelo a lephata la poraefete a lekanyeditsweng mo go tsamaiseng mafaratlhatlha ntle le go rotloetsa tiragatso. Le fa gone puso e na le pholisi ya go dira gore dilo di nne ka tsela e di leng ka yone, go dira gore dilo di nne ka tsela e di leng ka yone ga go ise go direge. Bokgoni jwa dipuso tsa selegae jwa go rulaganya le go diragatsa dipeeletso, kgotsa go tsamaisa le go tlhokomela ditsamaiso, bo santse bo le kwa tlase le fa go na le maiteko a go tlhabolola bokgoni. Mo godimo ga moo, pholisi ya bosetšhaba e tsepamisitse maikutlo mo go tlameleng ka metsi mme e itlhokomolosa bophepa. <ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2003, "Presidential Water Initiative (PWI): Metsi a Batho, Metsi a Botshelo" e ne ya simololwa ke Moporesidente wa nako eo Olusegun Obasanjo. Thulaganyo eno e ne e na le mekgele e megolo ya go oketsa go nna le metsi, go akaretsa go fitlhelela selekanyo sa lekgolo(100) lekgolong sa go nna le metsi mo metsemegolong ya diporofense, 75 lekgolong ya go nna le metsi mo mafelong a mangwe a ditoropo le 66 lekgolong ya go nna le metsi mo mafelong a magae. Go dirilwe go le gonnye fela go tsenya letsogo mo maitlhomong a mme ga go ise go fitlhelelwe dilo tse di ikaeletsweng go dirwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2011, puso e ne ya bouta kwa lekgotleng la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng e buelela maitlamo a go dira gore metsi le bophepa e nne ditshwanelo tsa batho. Le fa go ntse jalo, ga e ise e tlhome molao o o tlhalosang gore batho ba na le tshwanelo ya go nna le metsi le go nna le thulaganyo ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse. Naga ga e mo tseleng ya go fitlhelela Maitlhomo a Tlhabololo a Mileniamo a metsi le kgeleloleswe. <ref name=":9" /> Fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2008, go ile ga tsenngwa thulaganyo ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse mo dinageng di le thataro ka thuso ya UNICEF le EU. Le fa gone e se molao wa setšhaba, go bonala fa maiteko ano a a dirwang ke batho ba maemo a a kwa tlase a ile a atlega ka tsela nngwe. Go agilwe matlwana a boithomelo a feta 17 000 mo metseng e le makgolo a ferangbobedi le masome a mararo le borataro (836), mme metse e e fetang lekgolo (100) mo go yone e fitlheletse mokgele wa go bolelwa gore ga e na bothata jwa go ntsha mantle mo pepeneneng. <ref name=":8" />Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2022, 18% ya batho ba Nigeria ba dirisa go ntsha mantle mo pepeneneng. == Maikarabelo == Makala a mararo a puso a na le maikarabelo a go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa metsi. Ka sekai, puso ya bosetšhaba e na le maikarabelo a go okamela tsamaiso ya metswedi ya metsi, puso ya porofense e tlamela metse ya ditoropo ka metsi fa dipuso tsa selegae tsone di dirisana mmogo le baagi go tlamela metse ya magae ka metsi. Boikarabelo jwa go phepafatsa ga se ka metlha bo leng mo pepeneneng, fela go phepafatsa mo ditoropong ke boikarabelo jwa puso.<ref name=":7" /> === Puso ya Federal === Tona ya Lefapha la Metswedi ya Metsi, e e neng e le karolo ya Tona ya Temothuo go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2010, e na le maikarabelo a diporojeke tse dikgolo tsa go tlhabolola metswedi ya metsi le go abela diporofense metsi. Go na le Ditheo di le lesome le bobedi (12) tsa Tlhabololo ya Metsi a Dinoka tse di leng ka fa tlase ga Lefapha, tse di rweleng maikarabelo a go rulaganyetsa le go tlhabolola metswedi ya metsi, tiro ya go nosetsa le go kokoanya tshedimosetso ya hydrological, hydro-geological. Gape di tlamela metse ka metsi a mantsi go tswa mo matamong. Khomišene ya Dituelo tsa Ditirelo e ne ya tlhomiwa ka ngwaga wa 1992 go tlhokomela le go laola dituelo tsa ditirelo, go akaretsa le tsa Mekgatlho ya Metsi ya Puso. <ref name=":2" /> == Dipuso tsa diporofense == Boikarabelo jwa go tlamela ka metsi a a nowang bo neetswe State Water Agencies (SWAs) kgotsa mafapha a metsi a puso mo dinageng di le masome a mararo le borataro (36) tsa Nigeria. DWA di ikarabela mo dipusong tsa diporofense tsa bone, gantsi ka Lefapha la Diporofense la Metswedi ya Metsi. DWA e na le maikarabelo a go tlamela metse ka metsi mo ditoropong, mme mo dinageng dingwe gape e na le maikarabelo a go tlamela metse ka metsi kwa magaeng. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2000, diporofense di le masome a mabedi le bobedi (22) di ne di na le ditheo tse di farologaneng tsa metsi le kgeleloleswe ya metsi, tse bontsi jwa tsona di tlhomilweng go diragatsa lenaneo la UNICEF. <ref name=":3" />Ka ngwaga wa 2010, puso ya Lagos e ne ya tlhoma Ofisi ya Puso ya Tsamaiso ya Metsi a a Leswe ka fa tlase ga Lekgotla la Naga la Metsi la Lagos. E ne ya tsaya maikarabelo a tsa boitekanelo go tswa go Lefapha la Tikologo la Puso. == Dipuso tsa selegae == Mekgatlho ya Puso ya Selegae (LGAs), e e nang le maloko a le 774, e na le maikarabelo a go tlamela ka metsi a metsemagae le ditlamelo tsa kgeleloleswe mo mafelong a yona le fa e le gore ke ba le mmalwa fela ba ba nang le didiriswa le bokgoni jwa go rarabolola bothata jono. Ke dilegae di le mmalwa fela tse di nang le mafapha a a tlamelang ka metsi kwa magaeng. == Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng == Mo metseng mengwe ya selegae, go ile ga tlhomiwa dikomiti tsa metsi le tsa kgeleloleswe (WASCOs) go tlhokomela le go tlhokomela mafelo a metsi. Dikomiti tseno di tshwanetse go duelela metsi a tsone. Baabi ba ba jaaka African Development Bank ba beile tlhokego ya gore bonnye 30% ya maloko a WASCO e tshwanetse go nna basadi. 59] Ka 1993, Puso e ne ya itlama go nonotsha seabe sa baagi mo tlamelong ya metsi kwa magaeng mo tokomaneng ya pholisi. Ka ngwaga wa 2000, pholisi e e ne e ise e anamisiwe kgotsa e tsenywe tirisong mo mananeong otlhe a a neng a duelelwa ke puso kgotsa ke baabi. 20] == Setshaba sa baagi == Lefapha la metsi le kgeleloleswe ya metsi la kwa Nigeria le na le setšhaba se se matlhagatlhaga se se tsayang dikgato tse di farologaneng go rarabolola mathata a lefapha leno. Mokgatlho wa Metsi le Kgeleloleswe (NEWSAN) ke mokgatlho o o kopaneng wa mekgatlho e e seng ya puso ya WASH, fa Water and Sanitation Media Network[60] e akaretsa babegadikgang ba ba begang ka lephata leno. Mokgatlho o o eteletseng pele o e seng wa mmuso mo lephateng le ke Bread of Life Development Foundation e e tsamaisang weblog ya eWASH ka ga dikgang tsa metsi le kgeleloleswe mo Nigeria. 61] === Dintlha tsa madi === Ditheko le go busediwa Ditefiso tse di tlhomameng tsa dikgolagano tse di sa lekanyediwang. Bontsi jwa metswedi ya metsi ya kwa Nigeria ga e na dimetara. Palo ya go lekanya e farologana go tswa go 7% kwa Katsina go ya go 16% kwa Kaduna le 24% kwa Lagos ka 2007. Bareki ba ba sa diriseng metara ba duedisiwa tlhwatlhwa e e tlhomameng e e sa amaneng le selekanyo se ba se dirisang. Mo badirising ba matlo ba ba sa diriseng metara, tlhwatlhwa ya kgwedi le kgwedi e ne e le US$3 kwa Lagos, US$5 kwa Katsina le US$11 kwa Kaduna. Kwa Yobe state e ne e le Naira 100 (US$0.60) ka kgwedi, e leng selekanyo se se kwa tlase go gaisa mo nageng go ya ka Yobe State Water Corporation. Lotseno lwa ditefiso lo ne lwa duelela fela 2% ya ditshenyegelo tsa go tlamela metsi.[ 62] Dithekesi tsa dikgokagano tse di nang le dimetara. Bareki ba ba dirisang dimetara ba duedisiwa tlhwatlhwa e e rileng, jaaka go ntse kwa Lagos, kgotsa tlhwatlhwa e e rileng e e oketsegang, jaaka go ntse kwa Katsina le Kaduna. Mo thulaganyong ya go oketsa tlhotlhwa ya ditshipi, tlhotlhwa ya metara ya dikhubiki e oketsega ka iketlo ka go simolola ka go dirisa 30 m3 ka kgwedi ka palogotlhe ya ditshipi di le 3 go ya go di le 6. Tlhwatlhwa ya matlo a ntlha a a rekisiwang ke US$0.19 ka m3 kwa Kaduna le US$0.44 ka m3 kwa Katsina. Ditheko tsa badirisi ba kgwebo le ba intaseteri di kwa godimo.[ Tekanyetso ya metsi e ne e le Naira 50 ka m3 (US$0.30) kwa Oyo state le Naira 16 ka m3 (US$0.10) kwa Taraba state ka 2009. 63] Go kokoanya makgetho. Ditsamaiso tsa tshedimosetso tse di feletsweng ke nako le mekgwa e e sa dumalaneng ya go duedisa di baka ditshenyegelo tse di oketsegileng tsa lotseno. Selekanyo sa madi a a amogelwang se kwa tlase thata. Mo dikarolong dingwe e kwa tlase ga 10% ya madi a a duelwang. Go na le dikoloto tse dintsi tse di saletseng kwa morago, segolobogolo tsa ditheo tsa puso. Go baakanya ditlhwatlhwa. Naga nngwe le nngwe e itlhomela tlhwatlhwa ya yone ya metsi. Diphetogo tsa ditefiso di tshwanetse go dumelwa ke Khansele ya Puso ya Khuduthamaga ka tsela e e tsayang lobaka lo loleele. E re ka ba sa kgone go duelela ditshenyegelo tsa bone tsa tiragatso, le go kgona go tlhomamisa diphetogo tsa ka metlha tsa tlhotlhwa, Mekgatlho ya Metsi ya Puso e amogela thuso ya madi go tswa go dipuso tsa puso. 20] Ditlhwatlhwa tsa barekisi. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng mo barekising ba mo mebileng kwa Lagos, Kaduna le Katsina di bontsha gore ba duedisa madi a a fetang a a duelwang ke Mekgatlho ya Metsi ya Puso ka makgetlo a le masome a mabedi (20). Madi a a duelwang, mo palong e e lekanyeditsweng thata ya tlamelo go tswa kwa barekising ba poraefete ba metsi, a ka nna ga nne go ya go ga lesome go feta ya kgwedi e le nngwe ya tlamelo e kgolo thata ya pompo. 20] == Dipeeletso == Gore Nigeria e kgone go fitlhelela Maitlhomo a Mileniamo a Tlhabololo a go tlamelwa ka metsi ka ngwaga wa 2015, naga eno e tlhoka go tsenya madi a a ka nnang dibilione di le makgolo a mabedi le lesome le botlhano (215) tsa diranta ka ngwaga. Nigeria ga jaana ga e tsenye madi a a fetang N82.5 billion (US$0.5 billion) mo lekaleng leno. 3] Bontsi jwa dipeeletso tseno di tlhokega go tsosolosa mafaratlhatlha a a sa tlhokomelweng sentle. Ga go a tlhomama gore a tekanyetso eno e akaretsa le go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse. == Tlamelo ka madi == Le fa gone go lebeletswe gore mephato yotlhe e meraro ya puso e nne le seabe ka botlalo mo go tshegetseng ka madi dipeeletso tse di dirwang mo ditirelong tsa metsi le tsa go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse, gantsi dipuso tsa selegae ga di na madi a go dira jalo. Puso ya porofense le ya puso ya selegae le tsone di tlamela ka madi a mannye fela. Ka jalo, bontsi jwa metsi a setšhaba le ditlamelo tsa boitekanelo kwa Nigeria di duelelwa ke baabi. 64] Go kgaoganya lotseno lwa oli le lekgetho magareng ga maemo a a farologaneng a puso ke kgang e e masisi mo dipolotiking kwa Nigeria, e e kgaogantsweng magareng ga Bokone jwa Bamoseleme le Borwa jo bontsi jwa yone e leng jwa Sekeresete mme kwa kgaolo e le nngwe kwa Borwa e na le lotseno lotlhe lwa oli. Magareng ga ngwaga wa 1948 le ngwaga wa 2001, dikhomishene di le robongwe, ditaolo di le thataro tsa sesole, molao o le mongwe wa lekgotla la molao le dikatlholo di le pedi tsa Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang di lekile go tlhalosa dikamano tsa madi magareng ga dikarolo tsa lekgotla la koporasi ntle le go rarabolola bothata. 65] Madi a puso a a amogelang a akaretsa mo e ka nnang diperesente di le masome a ferangbongwe(90). Tirisanommogo ya kwa ntle Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2012, African Development Bank e dumetse kadimo e e sa tureng ya diranta di le dimilione di le lekgolo (100) go tokafatsa metsi le go phepafatsa mo toropong e e kwa bokone ya Zaria. Porojeke e tla tsenngwa tirisong ke Lekgotla la Metsi la Naga la Kaduna. 67] Gape e dumetse porojeke ya go tlamelwa ka metsi le go phepafatsa mo metsesetoropong kwa metseng ya Ibadan le Jalingo kwa Oyo le Taraba ka ngwaga wa 2009. Diporojeke tseno tse pedi tsa mo ditoropong di akaretsa go tsenngwa ga dimetara tsa metsi, go rotloetsa bophepa mmogo le go aga matlwana a boithomelo kwa dikolong, kwa ditleliniking tsa boitekanelo, kwa marekisetsong le kwa diparakeng. Go farologana le porojeke e ntšhwa ya kwa Zaria, porojeke e kgologolo e tshegetsa diphetogo mo maemong a puso go kgaoganya ditiro tsa taolo le tsa tiragatso, le go tsenngwa tirisanong ya puso le poraefete. Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika le yona e ne ya duelela diporojeke tsa metsi le tsa kgeleloleswe ya metsi kwa metseselegaeng kwa dikgaolong tsa Yobe le Osun tse di neng tsa amogelwa ka ngwaga wa 2007. Porojeke e ne e ikaeletse go oketsa tiriso ya metsi a metsemagae le ditlamelo tsa kgeleloleswe mo diporofenseng tse pedi, e go neng go fopholediwa gore e kwa tlase ga 50% ka ngwaga wa 2006, go fitlha go 100% ka ngwaga wa 2012. Ditirelo tsa boitekanelo tse di agilweng ke matlwana a boithomelo a sanplat le matlwana a boithomelo a a ntlafaditsweng a a nang le phefo. 59] African Development Bank e duelela ditshenyegelo tsotlhe tsa diporojeke tseno e sa tlhoke gore puso ya Nigeria e nne le seabe. African Development Bank e tsentse madi a le dimilione di lemakgolo a ferangbongwe le botlhano( 905) tsa didolara tsa Amerika mo lekaleng leno fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1971.[ 59] === China === Ka ngwaga wa 2005, China e ne ya saena tumalano ya thuso le Nigeria go epa diforo di le makgolo a matlhano le masome a ferangbongwe le boferabobedi (598) kwa dinageng di le 18 le FCT. 68] Ga go a tlhalosiwa gore thuso eno e tla nna bokae le gore e tla newa ke setheo sefe. == Lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng == EU e tshegetsa Lenaneo la Diphetogo tsa Lefapha la Metsi le Kgeleloleswe mo diporofenseng di le thataro (Anambra, Cross River, Jigawa, Kano, Osun le Yobe) ka thuso ya madi ya di-euro di le dimilione di le masome a ferangbobedi le bosupa(87). Mmuso wa Nigeria, mo maemong otlhe a mararo a puso, le baagi ba selegae ba solofetswe go tsenya letsogo ka di-Euro di le dimilione di le 31 tse dingwe.[ 69] === JICA === JICA ke khutshwafatso ya Japan International Cooperation Agency[70] mme e tlamela ka dithuso tsa metsi a a phepa le tsa boitekanelo kwa dikgaolong tse tharo, Oyo, Kano le Yobe.[ 71] === UNICEF === UNICEF ((United Nations Children's Fund) e e kileng ya bo e itsiwe jaaka United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund[72] e tshegeditse tlamelo ya metsi kwa magaeng, tlhweko le bophepa mo metseng le dikolong go ralala naga go tloga ka 2002. Ditsereganyo tsa yone di ne tsa duelelwa ke DFID le European Commission. Go ile ga agiwa metswedi e mesha ya metsi a a phepa e le 6 960 (megogoro, didiba tse di epilweng le metswedi e e sireleditsweng) le matlwana a boithomelo a le 19 100. Dikolo tse di fetang 400 di tlametswe ka matlwana a boithomelo a a nang le ditlamelo tse di farologaneng tsa basimane le basetsana le mafelo a go tlhapa diatla. 73] === USAID === USAID ((United States Agency for International Development) [1] e tshegetsa tlamelo ya metsi kwa magaeng, boitekanelo le thuto ya boitekanelo kwa bokone jwa Nigeria, mo metseng e le masome a mane le borataro (46) kwa Bauchi, Kano le kwa Sokoto. USAID e dira mmogo le mokgatlho o e seng wa puso wa Nigeria wa Women Farmers Advancement Network (WOFAN), Action Against Hunger (NGO) le WaterAid. 75][76] === WaterAid === WaterAid, e leng mokgatlho o e seng wa puso wa kwa Boritane, o ne wa rotloetsa go kopanngwa ga thulaganyo ya go tlosa leswe le go thibela malwetse, go tlamela ka metsi le go ruta batho ka tsa boitekanelo ka go dirisa mokgwa wa go dira dilo mo setšhabeng le go dirisa dithekenoloji tse di sa jeng madi a mantsi. E dira mmogo le mekgatlho e e seng ya puso ya Nigeria, go akaretsa Benue NGO Network (BENGONET), Mokgatlho wa Metsi le Kgeleloleswe mo Nigeria (NEWSAN), Justice Development and Peace Initiative (JDPI), Community Based Development  ⁇  NGO (CBD-NGO), Women Empowerment In Nigeria (WEIN) le Bol Development Association (BOLDA). E dira mo ditoropong tse di fetang lekgolo (100) mo dinageng tsa Bauchi, Benue le Plateau. E tlhomile lenaane la maemo a a kwa tlase, le le theilweng mo dintlheng tse di akantshiwang ke baagi ka bobone, go thusa baagi go itlhophela ka bobone gore ke kae koo ba tshwanetseng go abela didirisiwa teng. Tsamaiso e e ntseng jalo ya go tsaya ditshwetso e e tsayang karolo e bile e le mo pontsheng e botlhokwa thata mo maemong a go se tshepane le puso e e bokoa. 77] Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2012, e ne ya fiwa tiro ke puso ya go thusa go lekola le go sekaseka diporojeke tsa metsi, tsa boitekanelo le tsa boitekanelo tsa puso kwa Nigeria. Go ya ka Tona ya Metswedi ya Metsi, Moporesitente Goodluck Jonathan o na le kgatlhego mo tshekatshekong e e ikemetseng ya tiragatso ya lephata mme mekgatlho e e seng ya puso e beilwe sentle go dira tiro e. 78] Banka ya Lefatshe Banka ya Lefatshe e weditse diporojeke di le supa tsa metsi fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa 1985 mme e ne e na le diporojeke di le tharo tse di ntseng di tsweletse ka ngwaga wa 2010. Palogotlhe ya madi a a dirisitsweng mo diporojekeng tseno tse 10 e ka nna diranta di le dimilione di le dikete di le 2,4. Porojeke ya Ntlha ya Diphetogo tsa Metsesetoropo ya Metsi (US$120 million) e lebile ditoropo di le 13 kwa diporofenseng tsa Kaduna, Ogun le Enugu. Porojeke gape e ikaeletse go tlhoma dipholisi tsa metsi tsa puso, le go rotloetsa tirisanommogo le lekala la poraefete. Porojeke ya bobedi ya Urban Water Reform Project ya boleng jwa didolara di le dimilione di le 200, e tshegetsa katoloso ya mafaratlhatlha a diphaepe kwa Calabar, le tsosoloso ya dimela tsa go phepafatsa metsi le ditsamaiso tsa kabo kwa Lagos mmogo le ditoropo tse dingwe tse tharo kwa Cross River State. == Metswedi == 5j2cqjxslr98eqvijgbbtzsn4239nt3 0 13526 50571 50484 2026-06-13T09:15:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50571 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Kariba dam.jpg|thumb|Letamo le le bonwang go tswa kwa Zimbabwe]] '''Letamo la Kariba''' ke letamo la semente se se obegileng gabedi mo Mokgatšheng wa Kariba wa noka ya Zambezi magareng ga Zambia le Zimbabwe. Mogorogoro wa letamo o boleele jwa di metara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi (420 ft) le boleele jwa dimetara di le makgolo a matlhano le masome a supa le borobaongwe (1,900 ft). <ref>[https://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/kariba-dam.jsp?l=K&p=1 "Kariba Dam".] Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed. Retrieved 2007-07-31.</ref> Letamo le dira Letsha la Kariba, le le boleele jwa dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le masome a robabobedi mme le na le metsi a dikubita tsa dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a robabobedi le botlhano . == Dikago == Letamo leno le ne la agiwa go ya ka ditaelo tsa Puso ya Federation of Rhodesia le Nyasaland, e leng 'kolone ya semmuso' ya Mmusomogolo wa Boritane. Baenjenere ba ba neng ba le bagakolodi e ne e le Gibb, Coyne, Sogei (Kariba) (PVT.) Limited, e ne e le kgwebo e e kopanetsweng ya baenjenere ba ba gakololang, e e neng e akaretsa Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners, yo setlhopha sa gagwe se neng se eteletswe pele ke Sir Angus Paton,<ref>[https://www.newcivilengineer.com/archive/obituary-sir-angus-paton-15-04-1999/ "Obituary Sir Angus Paton"]. ''New Civil Engineer''. 15 April 1999. Retrieved 12 May 2025.</ref>le Coyne et Bellier, yo setlhopha sa gagwe se neng se eteletswe pele ke André Coyne.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20091105204805/http://www.spurwing.co.zw/facts_kariba.htm "Kariba Dam"]. Spurwing facts. Archived from [http://www.spurwing.co.zw/facts_kariba.htm the original] on 5 November 2009.</ref>Letamo le le neng le dirilwe ka konkoreite le le neng le na le bogodimo jo bo menaganeng gabedi le ne la agiwa magareng ga 1955 le 1959 ke Cogefar-Impresit ya Italy<ref name=":0" /> ka tlhotlhwa ya $135,000,000 ya legato la ntlha le le neng le na le khuti ya maatla ya Kariba South fela. Kago ya bofelo le tlaleletso ya logaga lwa Kariba North Power ke Mitchell Construction<ref>Indictment: Power & Politics in the Construction Industry, David Morrell, Faber & Faber, 1987, ISBN 978-0-571-14985-8</ref> ga e a ka ya wediwa go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bosupa (1977), ka ntlha ya mathata a sepolotiki, ka tlhwatlhwa ya $480,000,000. Ka nako ya go aga, badiri ba le masome a robabobedi le borataro ba ne ba latlhegelwa ke matshelo a bone. <ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719030742/http://www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dafrica%2Dsouthern.htm "Hydroelectric Power Plants in Southern Africa"]. ''Power Plants Around the World Photo Gallery''. Industry Cards. Archived from the original on 19 July 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2014.</ref> Letamo le ne la bulwa semmuso ke Kgosigadi Elizabeth wa Mma-Kgosigadi ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le lesome le bosupa ,ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro .<ref>[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2039917 "Opening of Kariba Dam by HM The Queen Mother, May 1960".] National Archives. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref><ref>[https://phmuseum.com/news/the-double-spiritual-nature-of-lake-kariba "PHmuseum: The Double Spiritual Nature of Lake Kariba".] 19 July 2021. Retrieved 10 September 2021.</ref> == Pompo ya motlakase == Letamo la Kariba le tlamela dikarolo tsa Zambia (Copperbelt) le Zimbabwe ka dimekawate di le 2.010 tsa motlakase mme le ntsha di-gigawatt-hour di le 6.400 ka ngwaga. Naga nngwe le nngwe e na le madirelo a yone a motlakase kwa bokone le kwa borwa jwa letamo leno. Seteishene sa borwa sa Zimbabwe se ntse se dira go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro mme se na le dijenereitara di le thataro tsa 125 megawatts (168,000 hp) nngwe le nngwe ya tsona e na le palogotlhe ya 750 megawatts (1,010,000 hp).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100613111114/http://dams.org/docs/kbase/studies/cszzmain.pdf "Kariba Dam, Zambia and Zimbabwe; Final Report: November 2000"] (PDF). World Commission on Dams. 2000. p. VI. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-13. Retrieved 2010-11-17.</ref><ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090719030742/http://www.industcards.com/hydro%2Dafrica%2Dsouthern.htm "Hydroelectric Power Plants in Southern Africa".] IndustCards. Archived from the original on 19 July 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2014.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ele lesome le motso, ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro( 2013) go ne ga itsisiwe ke Tona ya Matlotlo ya Zimbabwe, Patrick Chinamasa gore bokgoni jwa kwa Zimbabwe (South) Kariba hydropower station bo tla okediwa ka dimekawate di le makgolo a mararo. Ditshenyegelo tsa go tlhabolola lefelo leno di ne tsa tshegediwa ke kadimo ya diranta di le dimilione di le masome a mararo le lesome le borobabongwe go tswa kwa China. Tumalano e ke sekai se se bonalang sentle sa "Look East" ya Zimbabwe, e e neng ya amogelwa morago ga go se utlwane le mebuso ya Bophirima.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131215142127/http://www.thezimbabwemail.com/zimbabwe/18478-no-more-relations-with-the-west-zimbabwe.html 'No talks with the West' - Zimbabwe] Archived 2013-12-15 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Zimbabwe Mail,10 May 2013</ref>Kago ya katoloso ya Kariba South e simolotse mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone ( 2014) mme kwa tshimologong go ne go solofetswe gore e tla wediwa k a ngwaga wa dikete tse pedid le lesome le borobabongwe (2019).<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201508170583.html "Zimbabwe: Kariba South Power Expansion On Course".] The Herald. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 31 December 2015.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobaobedi (2018), TautonaEmmerson Mnangagwa o ne a laela gore go atolosiwe Seteishene sa Motlakase sa Kariba South. Go tsenngwa ga diterekere tse pedi tse disha tsa motlakase tsa dimekawate di le 150 (200 000 hp) go ne ga oketsa maatla a motlakase a seteišene seno go nna dimekawate di le sekete le masome a matlhano (1 410 000 hp). Tiro ya katoloso e ne ya dirwa ke Sinohydro, ka tlhwatlhwa ya US$533 million. Tiro e simolotse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone , mme e weditswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borobabobedi ( 2018). Seteišene sa kwa bokone sa Zambia se ntse se dira go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a supa le borataro, mme se na le dijenereitara di le nne tsa 150 megawatts (200,000 hp) nngwe le nngwe e le palogotlhe ya 600 megawatts (800,000 hp); tiro ya go oketsa bokgoni jono ka di-megawatts tse dingwe gape di le 360 (480,000 hp) go ya go di-megawatts di le 960 (1,290,000 hp) e weditswe ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013). Go ne ga okediwa ka dijenereitara tse dingwe tse pedi tsa 180 MW. 13][14][15] == Metswedi == 6o47my8nmfue7u8f3yscp7z2v46r6td 0 13539 50575 50500 2026-06-13T09:32:35Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50575 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Mohale''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka lekgarapana kwa [[Lesotho]]. Ke letamo la bobedi ka botona mo legatong la 1B la motseletsele wa matamo a a mo porojekeng ya metsi ya Lesotho, e e tlaa akaretsang matamo a matona a le matlhano kwa mafelong a a kgakala kwa Lesotho le [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160916192118/http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ "Welcome to LHWP Phase I".] Lesotho Highlands Development Authority. Archived from [http://www.lhda.org.ls/Phase1/ the original] on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 11 June 2026</ref> Porojeke e, e agilwe ka madi a di dolara tsa America di le bilone e le nngwe le botlhano.<ref>McDonald, David A. (1 April 2004). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=F1WdPPD15pYC&pg=PA224&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Environmental Justice in South Africa]''. Juta and Company Ltd. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-919713-66-3|<bdi>978-1-919713-66-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Letamo la Mohale le ne la atswiwa ka seetsele sa 2005 sa Fulton ke lekgotla la lekgaripana la Aforika Borwa go bo e le porojeke e e gaisitseng ya bo injineere le go dirisa mategeniki a maemo a ntlha.<ref>Haas, Lawrence J. M.; Mazzei, Leonardo; O'Leary, Donal (2010). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=z8S9d056JAQC&redir_esc=y Lesotho Highlands Water Project: Communication Practices for Governance and Sustainability Improvement]''. World Bank Publications. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-8435-0|<bdi>978-0-8213-8435-0</bdi>.]]</ref> == Popego == Letamo le, le agilwe go kgabaganya noka ya Senqunyane kwa tlase ga kwa e kopanang teng le e e tshelang mo go yone kwa bophirima ya Likalaneng.<ref name=":0">[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=cP9BAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Consortium & Consortium 1986,] p. 37.</ref> Tshekatsheko ya lefelo la letamo kwa dithabeng tsa [[Lesotho]] e supile mekgatsha e e boteng kwa mmu o leng motlhofo mme go tletse diphororo.<ref name=":0" /> Lefelo la letamo le supilwe ka dipopego di le pedi tsa go thubega ga majwe mo go neng go tlhoka go baakanngwa. Letamo le dikhilomithara di le lekgolo kwa botlhaba jwa [[Maseru]], toropokgolo ya Lesotho.<ref>[https://www.webuildgroup.com/en/projects/completed/dams-hydroelectric-plants/mohale-dam-highlands-water-project-phase-1b.html "Mohale Dam - highlands water project - phase 1b".] Salini Impreglio. Retrieved 11 June 2026</ref> Letamo le le tsaya metsi kwa lefelong la dikhilomithara di le makgolo a robabongwe, masome a mararo le borobabobedi mo nokeng e e boleele jwa dikhilomithara di le masome a marataro go ya kwa godimo e le dimithara di le sekete, le masome a matlhano.<ref name=":0" /> == Tse di diragetseng pele == Metswedi e metona ya metsi e botlhokwa mo lefatsheng,e le nngwe ya ditsa tlholego tsa lefatshe le le senang lotshitshi lwa lewatle. Mookamedi wa ditiro tsa selegae o ne a kopa ramaranyane go sekaseka kgonagalo ya porojeke e le tsela ya go tlatsa metsi a a tlhokafalang kwa meepong ya gouta ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=2GbvAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y ''Official SADC trade, industry, and investment review''.] Southern African Marketing Company. 2003. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780620299190|<bdi>9780620299190</bdi>.]]</ref><ref name=":1">Dennill, Bruce (2001). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=9LIhAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Lesotho Highlands Water Project: partners for life]''. LHDA.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1983, World Bank e ne ya simolola go diragatsa porojeke. Leagto lantlha le ne la akaretsa dintlha dingwe tse di botlhokwa tsa porojeke, fa legato la 1B le ne le akaretsa maranyane le go okamela ditiro tse dikgolo le leano le baitseanape mo mohameng wa maranyane le tsa tikologo le selegae. Banka ya ditlhabololo ya borwa jwa Aforika, le ya Yuropa ya dipeeletso le tsone go ne go builwe le tsone go thusa porojeke e ka madi.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=z8S9d056JAQC&redir_esc=y Haas, Mazzei & O'Leary 2010, p. xiv.]</ref> Porojeke ya metsi a dithaba a Lesotho e ne ya tlhamiwa, ka maikaelelo a go isa metsi kwa kgaolong ya gauteng ya Aforika Borwa le go fetlha motlakase go fitlhelela letlhoko la batho ba Lesotho. Tumalano e e beilweng monwana gareng ga dipuso tsa Lesotho le Aforika Borwa e ne ya simolodisa porojeke e. setlhopha se ne sa tlhamiwa go diragatsa porojeke. Tumalano e ne e felela mo legatong la ntlha le la bobedi fela.<ref>United Nations Environment Programme (2010). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=qjIPf84HHnsC&pg=PA11&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Africa Water Atlas''.] UNEP/Earthprint. pp. 11–. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-807-3110-1|<bdi>978-92-807-3110-1</bdi>.]]</ref> Lekgotla la Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority le ne la diragatsa go aga le go baakanya mo go okametsweng ke lekgotla la tlhabololo dithaba tsa Lesotho. <ref>[http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/default.html "Welcome to the Lesotho Highlands Water Commission".] Lesotho Highlands Development Authority. Retrieved 11 June 2026</ref>Porojeke e ne e ikaelela go isa metsi a a kwa dithabeng tsa lefatshe kwa matamong a le mararo; a le mabedi mo legatong la ntlha (Legato A - Letamo la Katse, legato II - letamo la Mohale) le letamo la Polihali mo legato II. Kago ya legato la ntlha e feditswe ka 2003 ya bulwa semmuso ka 2003.<ref>[http://www.lhda.org.ls/lhwc/about.html "About LHWC".] Lesotho Highlands Development Authority.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180928225507/http://www.lhda.org.ls/phase2/index.php "The Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP): Project Description".] Lesotho Highlands Development Authority. Retrieved 11 June 2026</ref> == Tse di akareditsweng == [[Setshwantsho:Mohale Dam 2008.jpg|thumb|Letamo la Mohale]] Letamo la Mohale mo legatong la I B la LHWP, le agetswe go fetisa metsi a ka nna dimithara di le masome a supa ka sephatlo sa motsotso kwa sedibeng sa letamo la Katse. Phatalalatso ya metsi e fitlhelela letlhoko la kgaoo ya Gauteng e e akaretsang ditoropo tsa meepo le madirelo tsa Johannesburg le Pretoria.<ref name=":1" /> Metsi a a laolwang go tswa kwa sedibeng a bokete jwa dimithara di robabongwe ka sephatlo sa motsotso a a fetisiwang ka mosele wa lekgarapa dikhilomithara di le masome mararo le bobedi.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=RzzVEg1hMwEC&pg=PA13&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Lesotho Highlands Water Project''.] Thomas Telford. 1997. pp. 13–. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7277-2621-6|<bdi>978-0-7277-2621-6</bdi>.]]</ref> Letamo la Mohale le kwa godimo, di mithara di le lekgolo, masome a mane le botlhano go ya kwa godimo, go bolelwa fa e le letamo le le kwa godimo tahta go fetisa a mangwe mo Aforika. === Pabalesego === Dintlha tsa tikologo tsa letamo le di ne di sekasekilwe. == Metswedi == pw6rt579vtit95m4p1v895phzeie7mi 0 13542 50576 50502 2026-06-13T09:32:55Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50576 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Tono''' ke lengwe la matamo a magolo a temothuo kwa bophirima jwa Afrika, le le kwa Kgaolong ya Kassena-Nankana ya Upper East Region, kwa bokone jwa Ghana. Letamo le le boleele jwa 2km le nosetsa diheketara di le 2,490 tsa lefatshe. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170730205814/http://www.ghanaexpeditions.com/regions/highlight_detail.asp?rdid=311 "ghanaexpeditions.com - Navrongo-Tono Irrigation Dam".] ''www.ghanaexpeditions.com''. Archived from [http://www.ghanaexpeditions.com/regions/highlight_detail.asp?rdid=311 the original] on 2017-07-30.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203034/https://ghana.peacefmonline.com/pages/tourism/other_sites/navrongo_tono_irrigation_dam/ "Navrongo-Tono Irrigation Dam | About Ghana".] ''ghana.peacefmonline.com''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203516/https://siga.gov.gh/sector/irrigation-company-of-upper-region/ "Irrigation Company of Upper Region".] ''SIGA: State Interests and Governance Authority''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Ditso == Go agiwa ga letamo leno go simolotse ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhano (1975) mme ga wediwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985) ke Taysec, e leng khampani ya boenjenere ya kwa Boritane. E ne ya tlhomiwa ke Puso ya Ghana go rotloetsa go jalwa ga dijalo tsa dijo ngwaga otlhe ke balemirui ba sekale se sennye mo thulaganyong e e rulagantsweng le e e laolwang ya nosetso. Khampani ya go nosetsa ya Upper Region (ICOUR) e ne ya tlhomiwa go laola Letamo. <ref name=":0">[http://satgeo.zum.de/infoschul/information/Navrongo/johnston/tono.htm "ICOUR Tono Dam"]. ''satgeo.zum.de''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Go baakanya == Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabobedi (2008), matlapana a konkoreite mo mogogorong o mogolo wa kgogedi wa letamo o ne wa tsosolosiwa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221127141515/https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/ru/261981551366998141/pdf/Final-Dam-Assessment-Report-Tono.pdf "World Bank Document - Final Dam Assessment Report -Tono"] (PDF)</ref>Mmuso wa Ghana ka fa tlase ga The Ghana Commercial Agriculture Project (GCAP) o ne wa bona madi go tswa kwa World Bank le USAID go tsosolosa Letamo. <ref>[https://www.arbapexbank.com/details.cfm?U/East%20Regional%20Minister%20pays%20working%20visit%20to%20Tono%20Irrigation%20Dam&corpnews_catid=7&corpnews_scatid=40&corpnews_scatlinkid=82 "U/East Regional Minister pays working visit to Tono Irrigation Dam".] ''www.arbapexbank.com''. Retrieved 2021-06-22.</ref> == Tlhotlheletso == Letamo leno le thusa batho ba ka nna supa, mme go kgona ga lone go tlamela batho ka metsi a go nosetsa ngwaga otlhe go dirile gore go jalwe reisi, dinawa tsa soya le ditamati. Seno se tokafaditse botshelo jwa balemirui ba mo lefelong leo. Letamo leno le dirile letsha le le nang le lefelo le le itsegeng la dinonyane. === Bolwetse === Boemo jwa letamo leno bo dira gore le nne lefelo le le siametseng go tsadisa pharasaete ya schistosomiasis. Leroborobo leno le tsena mo mmeleng ka letlalo mme le bo le nna mo maleng kgotsa mo maleng a kgeleswa ya metsi. E ka baka go dutla ga madi go go botlhoko le go nna moopa, fa e sa alafiwe. <ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == n3cfl54uvl000ahbgjidsdi8mywvlmr 0 13548 50550 50508 2026-06-13T06:03:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50550 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tlhokomelo ya metswedi ya metsi kwa Egepeto''' ke tirego e e raraaneng e e tsenyeletsang batsayakarolo ba le bantsi ba ba dirisang metsi go nosetsa, go tlamelwa ka metsi a mmasepala le a madirelo, go tlhagisa motlakase wa metsi le go tsamaisa dikepe. Mo godimo ga moo, metsi a Noka ya Nile a tlamela tikologo ya metsi e e tshosediwang ke go tsewa ga metsi le kgotlelo. Egepeto gape e na le metswedi e mentsi ya metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe a a tswang mo matlakaleng a a epilweng kwa Sekakeng sa Bophirima. Bothata jo bogolo jwa go laola metsi kwa Egepeto ke go tlhoka tekatekano ga metsi a a tlhokegang le a a sa tlhokegeng. Go tlhomamisa gore metsi a tla nna teng mo isagweng, go botlhokwa gore go nne le tirisanommogo le dinaga tse robongwe tse di bapileng le noka ya Nile. Thulaganyo ya Nile Basin Initiative e thusa gore go nne le tirisanommogo e e ntseng jalo. Mo dingwageng tsa bo1990 puso e ne ya simolola diporojeke tse dikgolo tse tharo go oketsa go nosetsa mo "mafatsheng a masha". Di kwa kgaolong ya Toshka ("Mokgatšha o Mosha"), mo molelwaneng wa Delta ya Nile ya Bophirima, le kwa Bokone jwa Sinai. Diporojeke tseno tsotlhe di tlhoka metsi a mantsi a a ka kgonang go dirisiwa fela ka go nosetsa "masimo a bogologolo" a a setseng a noseditswe ka tsela e e botoka mmogo le go dirisa gape metsi a a tswang mo kgamelong le a a dirisitsweng. Go lebeletswe gore tsamaiso ya metsi kwa Egepeto e nne thata fa phetogo ya tlelaemete e oketsa go fetofetoga ga maemo a bosa, e dira gore go nne le kgatelelo e e golang mo dinageng tse di kwa godimo ga metsi, e bile e dira gore metsi a lewatle a tlhatlogele kwa godimo, mme seno se tla dira gore metsi a letswai a tsenelele le go oketsa letswai le le mo mawatleng. == Ditso == Letsha la Nasser kafa morago ga Letamo le Legolo la Aswan Hisitori ya tsamaiso ya metsi ya segompieno kwa Egepeto e simolola ka go agiwa ga Letamo la bogologolo la Aswan ka ngwaga wa 1902 le go thibiwa ga metsi a Noka ya Nile mo lekgolong la bo19 le la bo20 la dingwaga. Letamo la bogologolo la Aswan le ne le boloka metsi a Noka ya Nile go dira gore go kgonege go jala dijalo di le dintsi ka ngwaga kwa Nokeng ya Nile, fa matamo a ne a tlhatlosa metsi a Noka ya Nile gore metsi a kgone go fetisediwa kwa dikanaleng tse dikgolo tsa go nosetsa tse di neng di tsamaisana le noka. Tsela e noka eno e laolwang ka yone e ne ya fetolwa thata ka ngwaga wa 1970 fa go ne go agiwa Letamo le Legolo la Aswan, le le neng la fedisa morwalela wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Nile. Letamo leno le ne la lere mesola e megolo jaaka go oketsega ga metsi a a neng a le teng mo temothuong ya Egepeto, a a neng a dira gore go nne le lotseno lo lo kwa godimo le ditiro, go dirwa ga motlakase ka metsi, go laola merwalela, go tokafatsa tsela ya go tsamaya mo lewatleng le go dira gore go nne le mafelo a go tshwara ditlhapi mo Letsheng la Nasser. Mme gape go ne ga nna le ditlamorago tsa tikologo le tsa loago tse di akaretsang go fudusiwa ga batho, go latlhegelwa ke seretse se se nonneng se jaanong se kgobokanelang mo letamong le le kafa morago ga letamo, go tlala ga metsi go go kopaneng le go oketsega ga letswai la mmu le go oketsega ga kgogolego ya lotshitshi. Bona gape: [[Letamo la Aswan § Ditlamorago tsa tikologo le tsa loago]] Go sa amanngwe le go agiwa ga Letamo le Legolo la Aswan, boleng jwa metsi bo ne jwa senyega ka ntlha ya go boa ga metsi a a neng a tswa mo go one le go tshololwa ga metsi a a leswe a ditoropo le a madirelo a a neng a sa phepafadiwa. Go simolola ka bo1980 go phepafadiwa ga metsi a a leswe go ne ga tokafala mme boleng jwa metsi mo Nokeng ya Nile bo ne jwa tokafala gape ka iketlo. <ref name=":0">Martin Hvidt: [http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~jpap/hvidt.htm "Water resource planning in Egypt",] in: Eric Watkins (Editor): ''The Middle Eastern Environment'', ISBN <bdi>1-898565-03-1</bdi>, 1995</ref>Go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1992, puso e ne e dira tshwetso ya gore ke dijalo dife tse balemirui ba tshwanetseng go di jala, mme seno se ne se dira gore balaodi ba kgone go isa metsi a a rileng mo mogobeng mongwe le mongwe go ya ka gore dijalo di tlhoka metsi a a kana kang. Ka ngwaga wa 1992 go ne ga nna le phetogo e kgolo fa mekgwa ya go lema e ne e gololwa mme balemirui ba ne ba gololesegile go jala se ba se batlang. Ka yone nako eo puso e ne ya simolola go naya mekgatlho ya badirisi ba metsi maikarabelo a go tsamaisa dikanala tsa makala, e leng se se neng se bidiwa "go fetisa taolo ya go nosetsa". Mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990 puso e ne ya simolola diporojeke tse dikgolo tse tharo tsa go nosetsa "dinaga tse disha" mo sekakeng. == Dikarolo tsa motheo == Didirisiwa tse di leng teng Mosele wa Ibrahimiya kwa Minya Go laolwa ga metswedi ya metsi kwa Egepeto go ikaegile ka thulaganyo e e raraaneng ya mafaratlhatlha go ralala noka yotlhe. Karolo ya konokono ya kago eno ke Letamo le Legolo la Aswan le le bopang Letsha la Nasser. Letamo le Legolo le sireletsa Egepeto mo merwaleleng, le boloka metsi gore a nosediwe ngwaga otlhe e bile le ntsha motlakase ka metsi. E na le bokgoni jwa go boloka metsi a dikubita di le dibilione di le 90 mme e boloka metsi a a fetang halofo ya selekanyo sa metsi a Noka ya Nile ka ngwaga, ka go dira jalo e dira gore go nne le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa metsi mo nokeng eno fa se bapisiwa le dinoka tse dingwe tse di laolwang mo lefatsheng. Go ela kwa tlase ga Letamo la Aswan, go na le matamo a le supa a a dirang gore metsi a noka a oketsege gore a kgone go elela mo dikanaleng tsa go nosetsa tsa maemo a ntlha. Nngwe ya tsone ke e e boleele jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a matlhano(350) e leng Ibrahimiya Canal e e neng ya wediwa ka ngwaga wa 1873, e leng kanale e kgolo go di gaisa tsotlhe ya maitirelo mo lefatsheng. E tswa mo lotshitshing lo lo kafa molemeng lwa noka ya Nile kwa Assiut mme e bo e tsamaisana le noka eno. Go tshelwa ga metsi a yone go ne ga okediwa ke Letamo la Assiut le le neng la wediwa ka ngwaga wa 1903. Matamo a mangwe a magolo a teng kwa Esna le Naga Hammadi mo nokeng e kgolo ya Nile, mmogo le Delta Barrage, Zifta Barrage le Damietta Barrage mo lekaleng la Damietta le Edfina barrage mo lekaleng la Rosetta la Nile. Gape metsi a tswa mo Nokeng ya Nile a ya kwa Faiyum Oasis ka mosele o o bidiwang Bahr Yussef o o simologileng mo motlheng wa Bofaro. Go tswa mo lekadibeng leno e elela go ya kwa Birket Qarun (Letsha la Moesis). Mokorwana wa Metsi a a Monate o tswa kwa Cairo go ya kwa Ismailia mme Mokorwana wa Metsi a a Monate one o tsamaya ka go tshwana le Mokorwana wa Suez, o o tlamelang metse e e fa thoko ga Mokorwana ka metsi a a nowang. Dikanala tseno ka bobedi di ne tsa wediwa ka ngwaga wa 1863. Mosele wa Mahmoudiyah o golaganya noka ya Nile le Alexandria. E ne ya wediwa ka ngwaga wa 1820 mme e ne e le botlhokwa thata mo go tsamaiseng dikepe, mme gone jaanong e dirisediwa thata go nosetsa le go tlamela Alexandria ka metsi a a nowang. Letamo la Delta mo lekaleng la Damietta la Noka ya Nile (go tswa kwa tlase ga noka) == Thulaganyo e kgolo ya go nosetsa (go ya ka thulaganyo) == Dikanala tsa go nosetsa di kgaogantswe go nna dikanala tsa konokono (Rayah), dikanala tsa konokono (dikanala tsa maemo a ntlha), dikanala tsa makala (dikanala tsa maemo a bobedi), dikanala tsa kabo (mesqas, kgotsa dikanala tsa maemo a boraro) le mesele ya nosetso (Merwas).<ref name=":1">[http://ressources.ciheam.org/om/pdf/b48/05002288.pdf M.N. Allam, Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University:Participatory Irrigation Water Management in Egypt]: Review and Analysis, Option méditerranéennes Series B, n° 48, no date (probably 2004). Retrieved 15 November 2009.</ref>Go elela ga metsi mo ditseleng tse dikgolo le tse dikgolo go tswelela pele; mo ditseleng tsa makala le tsa kabo go a dikologa. Le fa go ntse jalo, puso e tshegetsa thulaganyo ya go fetola mengwe ya dikanala tsa maemo a a kwa tlase ka iketlo gore e nne e e elelang e sa kgaotse. Balemirui ba pompa metsi go tswa mo mesqas go nosetsa masimo (go tsholetsa: mo e ka nnang 0.5 ⁇ 1.5 m).<ref>[[:en:FAO|Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations:]] Aquastat: Country profile Egypt. Retrieved 15 November 2009.</ref>Mesqa gantsi e na le bogolo jwa masome a matlhano (50) go ya go makgolo a mabedi (200) feddan (20 go ya go 80 hectares).Mo dikgaolong tse go senang thulaganyo ya semmuso ya go tsamaisa metsi sentle, badirisi ba kwa bofelong gantsi ga ba bone metsi a a lekaneng go tlhokomela dijalo. Mekgatlho ya badirisi ba metsi e ne ya tlhamiwa go simolola ka dingwaga tsa bo1990 go aba metsi botoka mo balemiruing ka mesqa le go dira gore go pompiwa ga metsi go nne bonolo, ka maikaelelo a go fokotsa go gogiwa ga metsi, ditshenyegelo tsa go pompiwa ga metsi le go oketsa thobo. Ka ngwaga wa 1994 Egepeto e ne e na le dikilometara tse di ka nnang 30 000 tsa dikanale tsa botlhe (maemo a ntlha le a bobedi), dikilometara tse 17 000 tsa matlwana a metsi a botlhe, dikilometara di le 80 000 tsa dikanale tsa poraefete tsa maemo a boraro (mesqas) le mesele ya nosetso, didiriswa tsa go tsholetsa metsi tsa poraefete di le 450 000 (sakias kgotsa dipompo), dikago tsa taolo ya metsi tsa setšhaba di le 22 000 le diteishene tse dikgolo tsa pompo tsa setšhaba di le 670 tsa nosetso.<ref>Martin Hvidt: [http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~jpap/hvidt.htm "Water resource planning in Egypt"], in: Eric Watkins (Editor): ''The Middle Eastern Environment'', ISBN <bdi>1-898565-03-1</bdi>, 1995</ref> Go ntshiwa ga metsi ka go a ntsha mo tlase ga lefatshe le ka go a kgatsha go botlhokwa thata go thibela go senyega ga thobo ya dijalo ka ntlha ya go nna letswai ga mmu le go nna le metsi a mantsi. Ka ngwaga wa 2003 diheketara tse di fetang dimilione di le bobedi (2) di ne di na le thulaganyo ya kgelelo ya metsi kwa tlase ga lefatshe mme mo e ka nnang dimilione di le dikete di le 7,2 tsa dimetara di le dikubita tsa metsi di ne di gelelwa ngwaga le ngwaga go tswa mo mafelong a a nang le dithulaganyo tseno. Palogotlhe ya ditshenyegelo tsa dipeeletso mo go tsa kgelelo ya metsi mo temothuong mo dingwageng di le masome a mabedi le bosupa (27) go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1973 go ya go ngwaga wa 2002 e ne e le mo e ka nnang dibilione di le 3,1 tsa didolara tsa Amerika tse di akaretsang ditshenyegelo tsa go tlhama, go aga, go tlhokomela, go dira dipatlisiso le go thapisa. Mo nakong eno diporojeke di le lesome le bongwe (11) tse dikgolo di ne tsa tsenngwa tirisong ka tshegetso ya madi go tswa kwa World Bank le batlamedi ba bangwe ba madi.<ref>Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Egyptian Public Authority for Drainage Projects, Drainage Research Institute, 2006[https://web.archive.org/web/20191117161919/http://www.csdwand.net/data/sheet.asp?cn=Egypt&fn=LA0648 : ''The National Drainage and Drainage Water Reuse Programs, Egypt'',] Local Actions at the 4th World Water Forum, 2 March 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2010.</ref> === Thulaganyo ya go Tokafatsa go Nosetsa === Go somarela metsi mo temothuong ke selo sa botlhokwa se se lebeletsweng mo thulaganyong ya metsi ya Egepeto e e diretsweng go thusa batho ba ba ntseng ba oketsega ba ba nang le metswedi e e lekanyeditsweng ya metsi. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ile ga nna le kganetsano e e rileng malebana le gore go ka bolokiwa metsi a le kana kang mo temothuong le gore go ka dirwa jang gore go bolokiwe metsi. Le fa bokgoni jwa go nosetsa jwa "selo se se tlwaelegileng" bo ka nna kwa tlase ka ntlha ya go nna teng ga nosetso ya morwalela, bokgoni jwa tsamaiso ka kakaretso  ⁇  "bokgoni jo bo nonofileng jwa nosetso"  ⁇  bo kwa godimo thata ka ntlha ya go boa ga melapo.<ref name=":1" />Ka jalo maano a go boloka metsi kwa Egepeto ga a tsepamise mogopolo thata mo go diriseng dithekenoloji tsa go nosetsa tse di bolokang metsi jaaka go nosetsa ka go kgatsha kgotsa go kgatsha ka go rotha. Go na le moo, di theilwe mo go lemogeng gore fa balemirui ba sa kgone go laola nako le selekanyo sa metsi, ba nosetsa ka bonako thata mme ba dirisa metsi a mantsi thata. Bokgoni jwa go boloka metsi mo temothuong ya Egepeto bo ne jwa tlhatlhobiwa la ntlha ka diporojeke tsa tekelelo ka fa tlase ga USAID e e neng e tshegeditse Egypt Water Use and Management Project (EWUP) e e simolotseng ka ngwaga wa 1977. <ref>[http://srv1.eulc.edu.eg/eulc_v5/Libraries/Thesis/BrowseThesisPages.aspx?fn=PublicDrawThesis&BibID=11279375 Mohammed Helmy Mahmoud Moustafa Elsanabary] </ref>Ditlhatlhobo di bontshitse gore go boloka metsi, go botlhokwa go letla balemirui go nna le seabe se segolo mo tsamaisong ya nosetso ka mekgatlho ya badirisi ba metsi, go tlamela ka phallo e e tswelelang go na le phallo e e dikologang mo mesqas, go emisetsa motho ka go pompa mmogo, le go tlhama tirelo ya kgakololo ya nosetso. "Leano la ngwaga wa 1980 la Tlhabololo ya go Nosetsa Kwa Egepeto go Fitlha ka Ngwaga wa 2000" le ne le setse le akantse ka go tokafatsa taolo le kabo ya metsi a nosetso jaaka kgato ya ntlha ya leano. Seno se ne se tla latelwa ke tlhabololo ya ditsamaiso tsa nosetso ya masimo le tlhotlhwa e e tlhamaletseng ya metsi a nosetso. Go ikaegile ka dithuto tsa EWUP[7]<ref>Egyptian Water Use Management Project (EWUP), 1984. [[:en:Water_resources_management_in_Egypt#cite_note-7|''Improving Egypt's Irrigation System in the Old Lands, Final Report''. Colorado State University and Ministry of Public Works and Water Resources]]</ref> le leano la nosetso, puso e ne ya tlhoma Lenaneo la Bosetšhaba la Tokafatso ya Nosetso (IIP) ka ngwaga wa 1984, le le neng la amogelwa ke Kokoano Bosetšhaba ka ngwaga wa 1985. Go tsenngwa tirisong ga yone go simolotse, gape ka tshegetso ya USAID, mo mafelong a le lesome le bongwe, go simolola ka Serri Canal ka di feddan di le 120 000 (50,400 ha) kwa Minya Governorate. <ref name=":0" />Porojeke eno e ne ya emisetsa di-mesqas tsa bogologolo tse di neng di le kwa tlase ka di-mesqas tse di tsholeditsweng, tse metsi a neng a tla elela go ya kwa masimong ka maatla a kgogedi kgotsa ka diphaepe tse di neng di tsentswe mo tlase ga metsi. Mekgwa ya boenjineri jwa boleng e dirisitswe go sekaseka mokgwa o o botoka wa mesqa o o ikaelelang mo tlhotlhweng e e kwa tlase ntle le go ama boleng jwa mokgwa o mongwe.<ref>[http://www.waterlog.info/pdf/irrimpr.pdf ''Impacts of the Irrigation Improvement Projects in Egypt'',] Consultancy Report to the Egyptian-Dutch Advisory Panel on Land Drainage and Drainage Related Water Management by R.J. Oosterbaan, International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement (ILRI), Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1999. Retrieved 28 April 2010</ref>Ka ngwaga wa1998 go ne go setse go tlhomilwe makgotla a badirisi ba metsi a ka nna 1,100 mme go ne go setse go tlhabolotswe ditsamaiso tsa go nosetsa di feddan di le 129,000.[ Porojeke e ne ya fokotsa tatlhegelo ya metsi, ya tokafatsa boleng jwa metsi kwa ntlheng ya mesqas, ya dira gore go nne le metsi a mantsi a a neng a le teng mo balemiruing kwa ntlheng ya dikanala, ya boloka lefatshe ka ntlha ya bogolo jo bonnye jwa mesqas e ntšhwa, ya fokotsa ditshenyegelo tsa go pompa ka go feta 50% le go oketsa thobo magareng ga 5% le 30%.<ref name=":1" /> Go agelela mo katlegong eno, kgopolo ya go nna le seabe ga balemirui mo tsamaisong ya nosetso e ne ya atolosediwa kwa dikanaleleng tsa makala ka go tlhamiwa ga Mokgatlho wa Badirisi ba Metsi a Dikanale tsa Dikala (BCWUAs) go simolola ka 1997 kwa dikanalelong tsa Qemri, Bahr el Dahram le Balaqtar (Egypt e e kwa tlase) le El Reity canal (Egypt e e kwa godimo), mmogo le kwa Fayoum. Tsamaiso eno e ne ya tshegediwa ke diporojeke tse pedi tse di neng di duelelwa ke USAID, e leng porojeke ya LIFE (Livelihood and Income from the Environment) (2005 ⁇ 2008) le porojeke ya Integrated Water Resources Management II (2009 ⁇ 2012).<ref>Dr. Mark Svendsen, Senior Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist, and Dr. Wadie Fahim, Monitoring and Evaluation Coordinator (September 2012). [http://www.iwrm2eg.org/report/IWRMII/Report_35_ME_FINAL_PROJECT_ME.pdf "Integrated Water Resources Management II: Final Project M&E Report"] (PDF). USAID. Retrieved 25 November 2013.</ref> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1996 go ya pele, Banka ya Lefatshe le banka ya ditlhabololo ya Jeremane ya KfW di ne tsa tshegetsa IIP ka maikaelelo a magolo a go oketsa ntshokuno ya temothuo le lotseno. Jaaka karolo ya porojeke eno, mekgatlho ya badirisi ba metsi e le 2,906 e ne ya tlhomiwa go nosetsa di feddan tse di fetang 200 000 (diheketara di le 84 000) kwa Western Delta (Mahmoudia) le kwa Northern Delta (Manaifa le Wasat). Le fa go ntse jalo, lotseno lo lo phepa lo oketsegile fela ka 6 ⁇ 9% ka ntlha ya ditshenyegelo tse di fokoditsweng tsa go pompa fa go bapisiwa le seelo sa 30%, ka jalo porojeke e ne ya tsewa e le "e e kgotsofatsang go le gonnye" ke Banka ya Lefatshe ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>World Bank:[http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2007/07/18/000090341_20070718094251/Rendered/PDF/ICR0000442.pdf Implementation Completion and Results Report: Irrigation Improvement Project,] 29 June 2007</ref> Go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1996 puso gape e ne ya simolola go tlhoma mekgatlho ya badirisi ba kgelelo ya metsi (DUAs) go laola dikanale tsa kgelelo ya metsi ka kakaretso. Le fa go ntse jalo, makgotla ano a ne a sa ntse a le kwa thoko mme go lebega, balemirui ba sa kgatlhegele go itsamaisa mo mererong ya kgelelo ya metsi fela.<ref name=":0" /> === Diporojeke tse dikgolo tsa go tsosolosa naga ya sekaka === Go ne ga simololwa diporojeke di le tharo tse dikgolo mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990 go nosetsa se go tweng ke "dinaga tse disha" tse di kwa ntle ga Mokgatšha wa Nile. Go ya ka pono ya metsi, pharologano e kgolo magareng ga mafatshe a masha le a bogologolo ke gore metsi a a tswang mo go one ga a kgone go boela kwa mafelong a a kwa tlase, jaaka fa go ntse ka go nosetsa mo mafelong a bogologolo a a mo Mokgatšheng wa Nile. === Porojeke ya Tlhabololo ya Sinai Bokone === Porojeke ya Tlhabololo ya Bokone jwa Sinai e akaretsa Al-Salam Canal fa pele ga Damietta Lock and Dam ka maikaelelo a go busetsa di feddan di le dikete di le makgolona mabedi le bobedi (220) kwa bophirima jwa Suez Canal, tse di feddan di le dikete di le lekgolo le masome a ferangbobedi (180) tsa tsone di setseng di noseditswe. Siphone e ne ya agiwa ka ngwaga wa 1997 ka fa tlase ga Suez Canal go tlisa metsi kwa Sinai ka Al-Sheikh Gaber Al-Sabah Canal go busetsa 400 000 feddan kwa botlhaba jwa Suez Canal.<ref>[http://www.mwri.gov.eg/En/project_sinai.html Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation]: North Sinai Development Project Archived 30 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine</ref> === Porojeke ya New Valley === Porojeke ya New Valley, kgotsa porojeke ya Toshka, ke thulaganyo ya dikanala tse di dikologileng Sheikh Zayed Canal, e e nosediwang go tswa kwa Letsheng la Nasser go ralala Mubarak Pumping Station go nosetsa diheketara di le 234 000 kwa Sahara. Porojeke e simolotse ka ngwaga wa 1997, seteišene sa pompo se weditswe ka ngwaga wa 2003 mme porojeke yotlhe e rulaganyeditswe go wediwa pele ga ngwaga wa 2020.<ref name=":0" />Go ne go solofetswe gore babeeletsi ba poraefete ba tla feleletsa go aga dikanala tse di tlisang metsi kwa balemiruing. Le fa go ntse jalo, go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2012, dipeeletso tseno di ne tsa salela kwa morago thata, ka jalo melemo e e neng e tla tlisiwa ke porojeke eno e ne e le kwa tlase thata go feta kafa go neng go solofetswe ka teng. === Porojeke ya West Delta === Porojeke ya Mafaratlhatlha a go Tokafatsa go Nosetswa ga Metsi kwa Kgaolong ya Delta ya Bophirima e ikaeletse go tokafatsa nosetsô mo go feddan e le dikete di le masome a matlhano (500), go tsosolosa feddan e le dikete di le lekgolo le masome a supa (170) le go tsosolosa mafaratlhatlha a a direlang feddan e le dikete di le masome a mabedi le masome a matlhano (250). Porojeke e ke tirisanommogo ya puso le poraefete e e rulagantsweng jaaka leano la motswako le le ikaegileng segolo thata ka mokgwa wa go dira-aga-o-dirise (DBO). <ref>[http://www.mwri.gov.eg/En/westdeltaproject1.html Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation:Infrastructure Project for Irrigation Improvement in the West Delta Region] Archived 23 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine</ref>Mo thulaganyong eno motsamaisi wa poraefete o tla tlhama le go aga thulaganyo eno, a bo a e dirisa dingwaga di le masome a mararo (30), go akaretsa le patlisiso e e amanang le yone le dikotsi tsa kgwebo. Setheo sa puso se tla nna le dithoto tse di duelang porojeke eno. Go ya ka Banka ya Lefatshe, thulaganyo ya go dira ditshwetso go tloga ka nako ya fa go ne go dirwa thulaganyo eno go fitlha ka nako ya fa e diragadiwa e ne e akaretsa go nna le badirisi ba metsi go tloga ka nako ya fa go ne go dirwa thulaganyo eno go fitlha ka nako ya fa go ne go tlhomiwa lekgotla la badirisi ba metsi. Lotseno lo tshwanetse go tla ka dithekete tsa dikarolo tse pedi, tse di akaretsang tefo e e tlhomameng e e ikaegileng ka bogolo jwa lefatshe le tefo e e lekanyeditsweng e e ikaegileng ka tiriso ya metsi. Ka ngwaga wa 2012, puso e ntšha ya Egepeto e ne ya emisa porojeke eno. == Metswedi ya metsi == === Ditlamelo tsa ga gompieno === Egepeto e ikaegile ka masome a ferangbongwe le bosupa ( 97%) ya metsi a yone go tswa mo Nokeng ya Nile. Pula e nnye ka lesome le borobabobedi (18 mm) ka ngwaga, mme e na thata ka nako ya letlhabula le mariga. Tumalano ya metsi a Nile ya ngwaga wa 1959 magareng ga Egepeto le Sudan e abela Egepeto dikhubikimetara di le dibilione di le 55,5 tsa metsi ka ngwaga, kwa ntle ga go tlhalosa gore go tla abelwa metsi a a kana kang kwa dintshing tsa noka kwa ntle ga Sudan (dikhubikimetara di le dibilione di le 18,5 ka ngwaga). Go dumelwa gore tota metsi a a dirisiwang ke Egepeto a feta a a neng a abelwa go ya ka tumalano ya ngwaga wa 1959. Ga go na tumalano epe ya go kgaoganya metsi fa gare ga dinaga tsotlhe tse di lesome tse di bapileng le Noka ya Nile. Le fa go ntse jalo, dinaga tse di bapileng le Noka ya Nile di dirisana mmogo ka thulaganyo ya Nile Basin Initiative. Egepeto e na le ditsha tse nne tse dikgolo tsa metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe: Nile Aquifer, Nubian Sandstone Aquifer, Moghra Aquifer magareng ga Bophirima jwa Nile Delta le Qattara Depression, le ditsha tsa metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe mo lotshitshing lwa Bokone-Bophirima. Noka ya Nile, Moghra le Noka e e fa Lotshitshing di kgona go ntšhafadiwa. Sedirisiwa sa Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System se se nang le metsi a a foreshe a le dimilione di le dikete di le 150 000 m3, a a lekanang le selekanyo sa metsi a a elelang mo nokeng ya Nile ngwaga le ngwaga ka makgetlo a le dikete tse tharo (3 000), ga se kgone go ntšhafadiwa. E kgabagantswe le Sudan, Chad le Libya. <ref>The Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation; Arab Republic of Egypt (2005), [http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2005/11/09/000160016_20051109091008/Rendered/PDF/341800EGY0whit11public10Action0Plan.pdf Integrated Water Resources Management Plan] . Retrieved 7 November 2009</ref>Metswedi ya metsi e e seng ya tlwaelo ya Egepeto e akaretsa go dirisa metsi a a tswang mo temothuong, go ntsha letswai mo metsing a a letswai, go ntsha letswai mo metsing a a letswai le go dirisa gape metsi a a leswe a mo ditoropong<ref>The Encyclopedia of Earth (2008), [http://www.eoearth.org/article/Water_profile_of_Egypt Water profile of Egypt]. Retrieved 2009-01-10,</ref> == Ditlamelo tsa iasgo == Go fopholediwa gore ka ngwaga wa 2025 palo ya batho ba kwa Egepeto e tla oketsega go nna dimilione di le masome a ferangbongwe (90) go tswa go dimilione di le masome a supa le botlhano (75) ka ngwaga wa 2008, mme seno se tla dira gore metsi a a leng teng a fokotsege go tswa go 800 go ya go 600 m3 ka ngwaga fa go tsewa gore metsi otlhe a a leng teng a nna a ntse a le teng. Maemo a a ntseng a fetoga kwa Sudan, Ethiopia kgotsa kwa dinageng tse dingwe tse di bapileng le noka a ka nna a dira gore metsi a se ka a nna teng kwa Egepeto, ka sekai, ka go dirisa metsi a mantsi go nosetsa. Le fa go ntse jalo, gape di ka oketsa metsi a a leng teng, ka sekai, ka go gelela metsi mo mafelong a a jaaka Sudd, kwa metsi a mantsi gone jaanong a mowafalang gone. Ka jalo, re ka konela ka gore, go fetoga ga tlelaemete go ka nna ga ama metsi a a leng teng kwa Egepeto, le fa gone go sa itsiwe gore diphetogo tseno di tla direga ka tsela efe. Go ya ka Nahla Abou El-Fotouh wa National Water Research Centre (NWRC) "Baitse bangwe ba re go tlaa nna le koketsego ya metsi ka dipula tse dintsi go tswa kwa Ethiopia, mme bangwe ba re go tlaa nna le phokotsego ka ntlha ya mowafalo wa metsi". <ref>UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs: IRIN (Integrated Regional Information Networks): [http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=77062 Egypt: Scientists uncertain about climate change impact on Nile,] 2 March 2008</ref>Go ya ka Mohamed al-Raey, porofesa wa dithuto tsa tikologo kwa Yunibesithing ya Alexandria, dipatlisiso dingwe di bonela pele go fokotsega ga go nna teng ga metsi a Noka ya Nile ka diperesente di le masome a supa (70), fa dipatlisiso tse dingwe di bonela pele go oketsega ga metsi a Noka ya Nile ka diperesente di le masome a mabedi le botlhano (25)<ref>M. Ray:[http://www.ess.co.at/GAIA/CASES/EGY/impact.html#Water Impact of Climate Change on Egypt, Chapter 1:] Water Resources, GAIA Case Study, no date. Retrieved 15 November 2009</ref> Go ntshiwa ga metsi a lewatle letswai, e leng selo se se setseng se dirisiwa mo mafelong mangwe a boikhutso a Lewatle le Lehibidu, gape go ka direga gore e nne selo se se botlhokwa thata se se tla tlamelang metse ka metsi mo mafelong a a gaufi le lotshitshi lwa Egepeto. Sekao, ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2009 West Delta Electricity Production Company e ne ya abelwa konteraka ya semotlakase ka 10,000 m3/day ya semela sa metsi a lewatle gaufi le Alexandria.<ref>[http://www.ameinfo.com/214325.html Aquatech wins desalination project in Egypt.] Retrieved 15 November 2009</ref> Go tlhotlhwa ga metsi a a se nang letswai go ka nna botlhokwa thata.<ref>El-Kady M. and El-Shibini F., National Water Research Center, [https://web.archive.org/web/20120811032539/http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=972539 Desalination in Egypt and the future application in supplementary irrigation] Archived 11 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine, 2001. Retrieved 15 November 2009.</ref> === Ditlamorago tsa go tlhatloga ga metsi a lewatle kwa Nile Delta === Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) e solofetse gore metsi a lewatle a tla tlhatloga ka masome a ferangbongwe le borobabobedi (98 cm) mo maemong a a maswe go gaisa otlhe a a sekasekilweng, le ka masome a mabedi le boferabobedi (28 cm) mo maemong a a siameng go gaisa otlhe, ka dikete tse pedi le motso (2100).<ref>[http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]:Fifth Assessment Report, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, p. 25</ref> Go ya ka dipatlisiso tse di nopotsweng ke IPCC, phetogo ya tlelaemete e ka baka tatlhegelo ya "karolo e e bonalang ya karolo e e kwa bokone ya noka ya Nile" ka ntlha ya "kgotlhang ya merwalela le kgogolego". Go tlhatloga ga metsi a lewatle ka dimetara di le 0,5 go tla baka tatlhegelo e e fopholediwang ya lefatshe, ditshiamelo le bojanala jwa go feta diranta di le dibilione di le 3,2 mo porofenseng ya Alexandria fela, go kgaoganya toropo ya Alexandria le Delta. Kgogolego e ne e setse e oketsegile kwa Nile Delta fa e sale go agiwa Aswan High Dam ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970 e e neng ya tshwara bontsi jwa matlapana a Nile. <ref>[http://earthtrends.wri.org/updates/node/235 Crystal Davis, World Resources Institute:Sea Level Rise Threatens Nile Delta Ecosystems and Livelihoods], Archived 20 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine 27 August 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2009.</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, ditatlhegelo tsa lefatshe la temothuo di tla diragala ka ntlha ya go tswina ga mmu.<ref name=":2">Jack Shenker, ''The Guardian'': Nile Delta: [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2009/aug/21/climate-change-nile-flooding-farming 'We are going underwater. The sea will conquer our lands',] 21 August 2009</ref> Selekanyo se noka ya Nile e tlhaselwang ke go tlhatloga ga metsi a lewatle ka sone se farologana. Patlisiso e nngwe e fopholetsa gore masome a mararo (30%) ya Delta le lebopo la Alexandria le ka tlhaselwa, 55% ke "e e sa tlhaselweng" mme lesome le botlhano (15%) e sireleditswe ka tsela ya maitirelo ka ngwaga wa 2003.<ref>O.E. Frihy, Coastal Research Institute, Alexandria: [[doi:10.1023/A:1026015824714|The Nile delta-Alexandria coast: vulnerability to sea-level rise, consequences and adaptation, in: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change]], Volume 8, Number 2, June 2003, pp. 115–138. Retrieved 15 November 2009</ref>Mafelo a a kotsi thata mo teng le gaufi le Delta a akaretsa dikarolo tsa Alexandria, Behaira, Damietta le Port Said. Go ya ka Omran Frihy, mmatlisisi yo o tlogetseng tiro wa kwa mabopong, balaodi ba dirisa diranta di le dimilione di le makgolo a mararo (300) go aga dipota tsa konkoreite go sireletsa mabopo a lewatle a Alexandria. Motlhaba o a latlhelwa mo mafelong mangwe go tlatsa mabopo a a nyelelang.<ref>Anna Johnson, Associated Press[http://www.enn.com/climate/article/22263 :Global Warming Causing Mediterranean Sea to Rise, Threatening Egypt's Lush Nile Delta,] 24 August 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2009</ref> Go ya ka pego ya The Guardian, badiredibagolo bangwe ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba tikologo ba Egepeto ga ba dumele gore phetogo ya tlelaemete e teng kgotsa ba dumela gore bothata jono bo bogolo thata mo e leng gore go tsenelela ga motho ga go na mosola. <ref name=":2" /> == Tiriso ya metsi == Kabelo ya go dirisa metsi kwa Egepeto Lefelo le legolo le le dirisang metsi kwa Egepeto ke la temothuo, le latelwa ke la mmasepala le la madirelo. Go tsewa ga metsi otlhe ka ngwaga wa 2000 go ne go lekanyeditswe go nna 68.3 km3. === Temothuo le go dirisiwa gape ga metsi a kgelelo === Tshedimosetso e e malebana le go dirisiwa ga metsi mo temothuong kwa Egepeto ga e tlhomame e bile gantsi e a ganetsana. Naga yotlhe e e dirisediwang go nosetsa e ne e le diheketara di le dimilione di le 3,4 ka ngwaga wa 2002; diperesente di le masome a ferangbobedi le botlhano (85) tsa naga eno di kwa Mokgatšheng wa Nile le Delta. Temothuo e dirisitse mo e ka nnang masome a matlhano le boferabongwe (59 km3) ya metsi a a foreshe ka ngwaga wa 2000 (86 lekgolong ya palogotlhe e e dirisitsweng). Metsi otlhe a a tswang kwa Egepeto e e kwa godimo, kwa borwa jwa Cairo, a boela kwa nokeng ya Nile le kwa dikanaleleng tsa go nosetsa; selekanyo seno se lekanyediwa go nna dikilometara di le nne(4) ka ngwaga. Metsi a kgelelo ya metsi mo Nile Delta a lekanyetswa go nna lesome le bone (14 km3/yr).<ref>[[:en:FAO|Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations:]] Aquastat: Country profile Egypt. Retrieved 15 November 2009</ref> Jaaka go umakilwe fa tlase, mo e ka nnang lesome (10 km3/)ngwaga ya metsi a a tswang mo metsing a a phepa a Delta a pompiwa go ya kwa lewatleng. Go dirisiwa gape ga metsi a kgelelo go dirwa ka ditsela tse tharo tse di farologaneng: * Go dirisiwa gape ga metsi ka tsela ya semmuso ka go dirisa diteishene tsa go pompa metsi tse di pompang metsi go tswa mo matlakaleng go ya kwa dikaleng tsa go nosetsa. Seno se dira gore go nne le mo e ka nnang 4.5 BCM/ngwaga kwa Delta le 0.9 BCM/ngwaga kwa Upper Egypt le Faiyoum. * Go dirisiwa gape go go sa itsegeng go go dirwang ke balemirui ka bobone fa ba sena metsi a a lekaneng a a tswang mo dikanaleng. Kwa Delta fela, go fopholediwa gore e ka nna 2,8 BCM/ngwaga. * Tiriso gape e e sa tlhamalalang go tswa mo matlakaleng a metsi kwa Egepeto e e kwa godimo a a elelang mo Nokeng ya Nile, e e ka nnang 4 BCM/ngwaga. === Ditiriso tse dingwe === '''Motlakase wa metsi.''' Tiriso e e botlhokwa ya metsi kwa Egepeto ke ya go fetlha maatla a motlakase ka metsi. Tiriso eno ga e dirisediwe go jewa mme ka jalo e teng go dirisediwa ditiro tse dingwe tse di kwa tlase. Diteishene tsa motlakase wa metsi di teng kwa Letamong le Legolo la Aswan (2100 MW), Letamo la bogologolo la Aswan (270 MW) le ditheo tsa motlakase kwa Esna (90 MW) le Naga Hammadi di-dam (64 MW). Mmogo dimela tseno di ne di le 16% ya motlakase o o tlhagisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 2004.[ [30] Kabelo ya maatla a metsi mo tlhagisong ya motlakase e a fokotsega ka gonne maatla a motlakase a metsi a dirisiwa thata mme tlhokego ya motlakase e oketsega ka bonako. '''Tsela ya go tsamaya'''. Noka ya Nile gape e botlhokwa mo go tsamaiseng dikepe, segolobogolo mo bojanala, e leng se se dirang gore go nne botlhokwa gore metsi a Noka ya Nile a elele ka selekanyo se sennye ngwaga otlhe. '''Tikologo.''' Noka ya Nile gape e na le ditiro tsa ekholoji tse di tlhokang gore go nne le selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa metsi, segolobogolo mo matsheng a a nang le metsi a a letswai a a mo Delta (bona fa tlase mo karolong ya biodiversity). '''Go latlhelwa mo lewatleng'''. Metsi a a tswang mo metsing a a nang le letswai le lentsi thata gore a ka dirisiwa mo temothuong a tswa mo dikanaleng tsa metsi a a tswang mo metsing a Delta a bo a ya kwa lewatleng le kwa matsheng a a kwa bokone a dirisiwa ke diteishene tsa pompo tsa metsi a a tswang mo metsing. Palogotlhe ya metsi a kgelelo ya metsi a a neng a pompiwa go ya kwa lewatleng ka ngwaga wa 1995/96 e ne ya lekanyediwa go 12.4 BCM. Seno se akaretsa go ka nna 2.0 BCM/ngwaga wa metsi a lewatle a a tsenang mo dikagong tsa metsi mo Delta.<ref>Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation / US Agency for International Development: Agricultural Policy Reform Program:[http://www.irgltd.com/Resources/Publications/ANE/2002-09%20Survey%20of%20Nile%20System%20Pollution%20Sources-Egypt.pdf Survey of Nile System Pollution Sources,] September 2002, Report No. 64, p. E-1</ref> == Dilo tse di amanang le tikologo == === Boleng jwa metsi a a fa godimo === Boleng jwa metsi a Noka ya Nile bo a fokotsega fa noka e ntse e elela. Letsha la Nasser le na le metsi a a nang le boleng jo bo siameng a a nang le selekanyo se sennye fela sa dilo tse di tshelang, e leng se se dirang gore metsi a lone e nne one a a tsewang a le botlhokwa thata go lekanya boleng jwa metsi a a mo nokeng le mo dikaleng tsa yone. <ref name=":3">Egyptian Drainage Research Institute, yearbook 1995/1996</ref>Go ya ka dipego tsa Setheo sa Egepeto sa Dikgang Tsa Tikologo, ka ngwaga wa 2007 palogare ya dilo tse di tshelang tse di neng di dirisiwa mo diporofenseng di le lesome le bongwe (11) tse di bapileng le Noka ya Nile e ne e le kwa tlase ga selekanyo se se letleletsweng sa 6 mg/litara ya okosejene e e tlhokegang mo mmeleng (BOD). Seno se dirwa ke gore Noka ya Nile e kgona go ikapesa ka bonako. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo go one ngwaga oo, selekanyo sa okosejene e e dirisiwang mo dikhemikaleng se ne se feta selekanyo se se letleletsweng sa lesome (10 mg/litara) mo diporofenseng di le supa (7) mo go tse lesome le bongwe (11). Go ya ka patlisiso e e tseneletseng e e dirilweng ka 2002 ke setlhopha sa babatlisisi ba ba neng ba berekela Lefapha la Metsi le go Nosetsa le USAID, metsi a Noka ya Nile a ne a le mantle le fa gone go ne go na le dilo tse dintsi tse di tshelang tse di neng di ntshiwa mo metsing a a neng a elela go tswa mo matlakaleng le mo ditirong dingwe tsa madirelo. Kgotlelo ya metsi e maswe thata mo ditseleng tsa kgelelo ya metsi (dithanele), segolobogolo mo ditseleng tsotlhe tsa kgelelo ya metsi mo Delta le mo ditseleng dingwe tsa kgelelo ya metsi kwa Egepeto e e kwa Godimo. Mo patlisisong eno, dilo tse di kgotlelang metsi di bewa ka ditlhopha go ya ka tsela e di amang boitekanelo jwa batho le tikologo ka yone: Ditshedi tse dinnye tse di bakang malwetse di bewa kwa pele, di latelwa ke dikhemikale tse di dirang gore metsi a nne leswe. Dibolayaditshenekegi le dimetale tse di bokete di beilwe mo maemong a boraro, fa go ntse go lemogiwa gore go na le tshedimosetso e nnye thata e e leng teng go lekanyetsa bogolo jwa bothata.<ref name=":3" /> Di-hyacinth tsa metsi di thiba dikanala tsa go nosetsa le tsa kgelelo ya metsi mme di a thibelwa ka go dirisa boranyane jwa botegeniki le jwa saense Menontsha ya naeterojene e go dirisitsweng naeterojene mo go yone e menagane gabedi go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1980 go ya go ngwaga wa 1993, le yone ke motswedi o mongwe wa kgotlelo. Di-hyacinth tsa metsi tse di tlhogang kwa tlase ga ditsela tsa metsi ka ntlha ya dikotla tse di oketsegileng di dira gore dikanala di tswale. Bo lwantshana le jone ka go dirisa didirisiwa tsa botegeniki le tsa saense. Go nna letswai ke kgang e nngwe e e botlhokwa e e amanang le boleng jwa metsi. Metsi a a boelang kwa Nokeng ya Nile a dira gore metsi a a nang le letswai a oketsege go tloga go 250 ppm (mg/L) kwa Aswan go ya go 2,700 ppm kwa mekgatšheng ya Delta. <ref>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-8213-3321-6|p. 51]]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, go latlhelwa letswai le le oketsegileng mo Lewatleng la Mediterranean go na le le le tsenang kwa Aswan (bona go nosetsa mo temothuong kwa Egepeto) ka jalo, fa nako e ntse e ya letswai la metsi kwa matamong a Delta le ka fokotsega. Le fa go ntse jalo, metsi a a letswai a a tswang mo lewatleng a tsena mo Delta ka go pompa metsi a a letswai le go elela mo matsheng le mo meseleng, ka go dira jalo a fokotsa bothata jono. === Mefutafuta ya Ditshedi === Di-perch tsa Nile di fitlhelwa kwa Lake Nasser le kwa Lake Mariout kwa Nile Delta. Matsha a a kwa Bokone jwa Egepeto a botlhokwa thata mo go bolokeng mefutafuta ya ditshedi. Go tswa kwa bophirima go ya kwa botlhaba, matsha a a mo Nokeng ya Nile ke Lake Mariout kwa borwa jwa Alexandria, Lake Edku kwa botlhaba jwa Alexandria, Lake Burullus kwa botlhaba jwa Rosetta le Lake Manzala fa gare ga Damietta le Port Said. Letsha le lengwe le le botlhokwa la kwa Bokone ke Letsha la Bardawil kwa bokone jwa Sinai le le sa nosediweng ke Nile. Dinonyane tsa metsi di le dikete di le makgolokgolo di fetsa mariga mo matsheng ano, go akaretsa le dinonyane tse dinnye tse di bidiwang di-gull le di-whiskered tern tse dintsi go gaisa tsotlhe mo lefatsheng. Dinonyane tse dingwe tse di nnang mo delta eno di akaretsa di-grey heron, di-plover tsa Kent, di-shoveler le di-cormorant. Gape go na le di-egret le di-ibis. Letsha la Bardawil le Letsha la Burullus ke mafelo a a sireleditsweng a a nang le botlhokwa jwa boditšhabatšhaba go ya ka Tumalano ya Ramsar. Le fa gone go na le ditlhapi tse dintsi kwa Egepeto, go setse fela mefuta e le lesome le bosupa (17) go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1995 go tswa mo mefuteng e le masome a mane le bosupa (47) ka ngwaga wa 1948. [ Noka ya Nile ke nngwe ya mefuta e e itsegeng thata ya ditlhapi mo nokeng ya Nile ya Egepeto. E fitlhelwa kwa Lake Nasser le kwa Lake Mariout kwa Nile Delta. Ditlhapi tse dingwe tse di fitlhelwang mo delta eno di akaretsa di-mullet le di-soles. Diphologolo tse dingwe tse di fitlhelwang mo mokgatšheng ono di akaretsa digwagwa, dikgopa, dikgopa, di-mongoose le di-monitor tsa Nile. == Metswedi == kfiaabyrz4a9yihfo55jtn5xfyampas 0 13550 50572 50510 2026-06-13T09:16:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50572 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Burkina Faso relief location map.jpg|thumb|Lefelo la letamo la Kompienga kwa Burkina Faso]] '''Letamo la Kompienga''' ke letamo le legolo la motlakase wa metsi mo [[porofenseng ya Kompienga]] kwa borwabotlhaba jwa [[Burkina Faso]]. E agilwe magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le botlhano (1985) le sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le borobabobedi (1988), ke letamo la ntlha la motlakase wa metsi mo nageng mme le rwele maikarabelo a bontsi jwa motlakase wa Ouagadougou. <ref>Manson, K., Knight, J. (2006), ''Burkina Faso'', p.194, Bradt Travel Guides, The Globe Pequot Press Inc., Retrieved on June 17, 2008</ref>Baeti ba ka bona tetla ya go etela phaposi ya taolo ya letamo go tswa go motlakase wa puso wa semmuso. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101024175811/http://www.unu.edu/unupress/food2/uin08e/uin08e0g.htm Burkina Faso Case Study] Archived 2010-10-24 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine,]] UNU, Retrieved on June 17, 2008</ref> == Metswedi == 5horxpqlv8b5q1u56b2h40s8a3hwc5v 0 13557 50517 2026-06-12T12:42:07Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya letamo la Sol Plaatje #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50517 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Sol Plaatje''' (le pele le neng le bidiwa '''letamo la Saulspoort''') ke letamo le le agilweng ka mmu le le kwa bokopanong jwa dinoka tsa [[Noka ya As|As]] le [[Noka ya Liebenbergsvlei|Liebenbergsvlei]] gaufi le Bethlehem, kwa [[Foreistata|Free State]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Le agilwe ka 1968 tiriso ya lone e tona e le mo ditirong tsa mmasepala le go isa metsi mo magaeng. Kgonagalo ya borai jwa lone e kwa godimo. Sediba se amogela metsi go tswa kwa porojekeng ya metsi a dithaba ya kwa Lesotho go feta ka noka ya aS. Pele le ne le itsege e le letamo la Saulspoort, le ne la fetolwa leina ka Moranang a rogwa ngwaga wa 2005,<ref>[https://archive.today/20140302085603/http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=60794 Government Gazette, REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, Vol. 478 Pretoria 1 April 2005 No. 27408] retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> e le segopotso sa tiragalo ya matlhotlhapelo ya base e e diragetseng koo maphakela a Motsheganong a rogwa ngwaga wa 2003, kwa bapalami ba le masome matlhano le motso ba ya mogwantong wa letsatsi la babebreki ba neng ba nwela. Babereki bao ba le masome mane le motso e ne e le babereki ba mmasepala wa Sol Plaatje ([[Kimberley]]).<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Drama-at-bus-tragedy-service-20030505 Drama at bus tragedy service] News24.com 5 May 2003 retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 1x2tppuebnkhqk1bhnb672m0tjzxt6x 0 13558 50518 2026-06-12T12:46:05Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Boschmanskop No 1 #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50518 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Boschmanskop No 1 + 2''', ke letamo le le agilweng ka mmu kwa nokeng ya Woes-Allen, gaufi le Middelburg, kwa [[Mpumalanga]], [[Aforika Borwa]]. Le agilwe ka ngwaga wa 1995. Tiriso ya lone e kgolo ke go laola morwalela, ke letamo la kompone la Optium Colliery Pullen's hope. == Metswedi == 0ywhh9kvr5uz5kbovirdev8mau18o8x 0 13559 50519 2026-06-12T12:50:47Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Bridle Drift #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50519 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Bridle Drift''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka majwe kwa nokeng ya Buffalo, gaufi le [[East London]], kwa [[Eastern Cape|Kapa Botlhaba]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/bridle_drift.htm "Bridle Drift RQS Dams".] [[:en:Department_of_Water_and_Sanitation|Department of Water Affairs]], Republic of South Africa. 21 May 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520004931/http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/bridle_drift.htm Archived] from the original on 20 May 2011.</ref> Le agilwe pele ka 1969 la baakangwa ka 1994. Tiriso ya letamo le ke mo go tsa madirelo le mo magaeng, sediba sa lone ke sone motswedi mogolo wa metsi a anowang kwa toropong ya Buffalo.<ref>"[http://www.savingwater.co.za/2010/09/11/18/municipality-to-supply-water-to-27000-people/ Municipality to supply water to 27000 people]". Water Rhapsody. 11 September 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110103090843/http://www.savingwater.co.za/2010/09/11/18/municipality-to-supply-water-to-27000-people/ Archived] from the original on 3 January 2011.</ref> == Metswedi == i8m0qwv0b820obst4rysjqi0obygatp 0 13560 50520 2026-06-12T12:54:50Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Bronkhorstspruit #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50520 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Bronkhorstspruits''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka lekgarapana kwa Bronkhorst Spruit gaufi le Bronkhorstspruit, kwa [[Gauteng]] [[Aforika Borwa]]. Le agilwe ka 1950 tiriso kgolo ya lone e le go isa metsi kwa magaeng le kwa madirelong. Matshitshi a lekadiba a dirisiwa go aga mafelo a boitapoloso le matlo. Le dirisiwa go pagama mekoro le metshameko e mengwe ya metsi. == Metswedi == k8k39v7fbt3y8o4doa61tbk6mzvvtq3 0 13561 50521 2026-06-12T13:00:38Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Buffeljags #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Buffeljags''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka majwe le mmu kwa nokeng ya Buffeljags gaufi le Swellendam, kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://www.wheretostay.co.za/topic/3990-buffeljachts-dam-near-swellendam-western-cape "Buffeljachts Dam - nr Swellendam, Western Cape, Buffeljagsrivier Information | WhereToStay.co.za".] ''www.wheretostay.co.za''. Retrieved 12 June 2026.</ref> Le agilwe ka 1967 la baakangwa ka 1983.<ref>[https://xplorio.com/swellendam/en/about/areas/buffeljags/ "Buffeljags | Xplorio Swellendam".] ''Xplorio''. Retrieved 12 June 2026.</ref> Tirisokgolo ya lone ke go nosetsa. == Metswedi == n3ewzoxmek4tjt3qj3j68wkqc812svh 0 13562 50522 2026-06-12T13:06:41Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Buffelspoort #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50522 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Buffelspoort''' ke letamo le le kwa nokeng ya Sterkstroom, le le tshelang kwa [[Noka ya Crocodile (Limpopo)|nokeng ya Crocodile]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Tirisokgolo ya lone ke go nosetsa, ke letamo la lephata la metsi. Le kwa dikgageng tse di kwa bokone tsa dithaba tsa [[Magaliesburg|Magaliesberg]], dikhilomithara di le masome mabedi le bosupa kwa borwa botlhaba jwa [[Rustenburg|Rustenburg.]]<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] from the Department of Water Affairs</ref> Letamo le le tlwaelesegile ka go tshwarwa ga ditlhapi.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120721125710/http://www.barryhilton.co.za/gallery_view.asp?folder=Fishing+on+the+Buffelspoort+Dam+in+the+North+West Fishing on the Buffelspoort Dam in the North West]</ref> == Metswedi == 6pnvqovynzt7od2pau9z364va4pf2vb 0 13563 50523 2026-06-12T13:14:30Z JudithShe 9421 KeKe ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Clanwilliam #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50523 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Clanwilliam''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka lekgarapana kwa [[Noka ya Olifants( Western Cape)|nokeng ya Olifants]], gaufi le Clanwiiliam kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E agilwe ka 1935, lebotana le ne la tsholediwa go ya kwa dikhilomithareng di le masome mane le boraro ka 1964.<ref>Holtzhausen, Lani (2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053515/http://www.wrc.org.za/Pages/Preview.aspx?ItemID=6671 "Dam Project Could Improve Aquatic Environment".] ''The Water Wheel''. Vol. 5, no. 1. Water Research Commission. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0258-2244 0258-2244.] Archived from [http://www.wrc.org.za/Pages/Preview.aspx?ItemID=6671 the original] on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> Maikaelelo magolo a letamo ke go nosetsa kgaolo ya temothuo. E na le selekanyo sa go tshwara metsi sa dimithara di le didkadike di le lekgolo masome a mabedi le motso, le dikete di le makgolo a robabobedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111005194013/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/DamWCClanwilliam/default.htm "Clanwilliam Dam".] ''Dams of South Africa''. Water Institute of South Africa. Archived from [https://ewisa.co.za/ the original o]n 5 October 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> Kgonagalo ya go isa letamo kwa godimo ka dimithara tse dinwge di le lesome le botlhano e sekasekilwe. Ka ngwaga wa 2015 kompone ya ditlhabololo tsa dikago e ne ya thapiwa go okamela porojeke ya go isa lebotana kwa godimo. Ka Phatwe 2015, go na le leano la go isa lebotana la letamo le kwa gosimo ka di mithara di le lesome le boraro, mo go tlaa oketsang selekanyo ka di mithara di le didikadike di le masome a supa.<ref>[https://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/bigen-africa-appointed-to-manage-extension-of-clanwilliam-dam-2015-08-17 "Bigen Africa appointed to manage extension of Clanwilliam Dam".] Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> == Metswedi == cq7z2yoeb4ox5btzrxi2jqiy4waacs7 50570 50523 2026-06-13T09:14:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 50570 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Clanwilliam''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka lekgarapana kwa [[Noka ya Olifants( Western Cape)|nokeng ya Olifants]], gaufi le Clanwiiliam kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E agilwe ka 1935, lebotana le ne la tsholediwa go ya kwa dikhilomithareng di le masome mane le boraro ka 1964.<ref>Holtzhausen, Lani (2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053515/http://www.wrc.org.za/Pages/Preview.aspx?ItemID=6671 "Dam Project Could Improve Aquatic Environment".] ''The Water Wheel''. Vol. 5, no. 1. Water Research Commission. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0258-2244 0258-2244.] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053515/http://www.wrc.org.za/Pages/Preview.aspx?ItemID=6671 the original] on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> Maikaelelo magolo a letamo ke go nosetsa kgaolo ya temothuo. E na le selekanyo sa go tshwara metsi sa dimithara di le didkadike di le lekgolo masome a mabedi le motso, le dikete di le makgolo a robabobedi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111005194013/http://www.ewisa.co.za/misc/DamWCClanwilliam/default.htm "Clanwilliam Dam".] ''Dams of South Africa''. Water Institute of South Africa. Archived from [https://ewisa.co.za/ the original o]n 5 October 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> Kgonagalo ya go isa letamo kwa godimo ka dimithara tse dinwge di le lesome le botlhano e sekasekilwe. Ka ngwaga wa 2015 kompone ya ditlhabololo tsa dikago e ne ya thapiwa go okamela porojeke ya go isa lebotana kwa godimo. Ka Phatwe 2015, go na le leano la go isa lebotana la letamo le kwa gosimo ka di mithara di le lesome le boraro, mo go tlaa oketsang selekanyo ka di mithara di le didikadike di le masome a supa.<ref>[https://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/bigen-africa-appointed-to-manage-extension-of-clanwilliam-dam-2015-08-17 "Bigen Africa appointed to manage extension of Clanwilliam Dam".] Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> == Metswedi == 8n8icy9ykj7hvsox0h33jweh7ajx8x8 0 13564 50524 2026-06-12T13:20:23Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Craigie Burn #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50524 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Craigie Burn''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka mmu kwa nokeng ya Mnyamvubu gaufi le [[Greytown]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]], kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. le agilwe ka 1963 tirisokgolo ya lone ke go nosetsa. Ditshekatsheko tsa mo bosheng le fa go ntse jalo, di supa fa go na le kgonagalo ya borai mo letamong kgotsa sediba se, mo go dirang gore tiriso ya lone e lebelelwe. == Metswedi == popa1nprph4bekpafyuhniaqj8x5dh6 0 13565 50525 2026-06-12T13:25:41Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Ebenezer #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Ebenezer''' ke letamo la mmu kwa nokeng ya Groot Letaba gaufi le [[Tzaneen]], [[Limpopo]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Noka ya Broederstroom le yone e elelela mo letamong le. le agilwe ka 1959 tirisokgolo ya lone e le mo ditirong tsa mmasepala le madirelo. Kgonagalo ya borai jwa letamo le e kwa godimo. == Metswedi == 08olwlku51h5pjrq90vfxrhmkj7eau8 0 13566 50526 2026-06-12T13:32:27Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letmo la Fika-Patso #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Fika-Patso''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka majwe le mmu kwa nokeng ya Namahadi, kwa godimo ga [[noka ya Elands]], e e tshelang kwa [[Noka ya Wilge|nokeng ya Wildge]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA8UpperVaal.jpg Upper Vaal WMA 8]</ref> Le gaufi le Phuthaditjhaba, kwa [[Foreistata|Free State]], [[Aforika Borwa]]. le tlhamilwe ka ngwaga wa 1986 tirisokgolo ya lone e le go tshwara metsi a a dirisiwang mo magaeng le mo madirelong.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm List of South African Dams] from [[:en:Department_of_Water_and_Sanitation|the Department of Water Affairs]]</ref> == Metswedi == rsmnddlxdezg7t6stz4w51wvl0virwu 0 13567 50527 2026-06-12T13:44:00Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letamo la Zaaihoek #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50527 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letamo la Zaaihoek''' ke letamo le le agilweng ka lokgarapang kwa nokeng ya Slang kwa kgaolong ya [[KwaZulu-Natal]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Letamo le, le le selekanyo sa didikadike di le lekgolo masome a robabobedi le botlhano le agilwe ka 1988. Letamo le tirisokgolo ya lone ke go isa metsi kwa madirelong le mo ditirong tsa mmasepala. Kgonagalo ya lone ya borai e kwa godimo. E dikhilomithara di le masome mararo le borobabongwe ka boleele.<ref>[https://za.geoview.info/zaaihoek_dam,82451432w "Zaaihoek Dam, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa".] ''za.geoview.info''. Retrieved 12 June 2026</ref> E itsege ka go tshwara ditlhapi. == Metswedi == tn0erypuy033a2urxpxsku01gxjh1le 0 13568 50561 2026-06-13T08:34:18Z OtengPortia 12840 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357744676|Lake Tanganyika]]" 50561 wikitext text/x-wiki Letsha la Tanganyika<ref>Yohannes,Okbazghi (2008). Water resources and inter-riparian relations in the Nile basin. SUNY Press. p. 127.</ref> ke nngwe ya [[:en:African_Great_Lakes|Matsha a Magolo a Afrika]]. Ke [[:en:List_of_lakes_by_volume|letsha la bobedi mo lefatsheng ka bogolo jwa metsi]],[[:en:List_of_lakes_by_depth|le ka boteng]], ka makgetho a mabedi le le latlhegelwa fela ke [[:en:Lake_Baikal|Lake Baikal]] kwa [[:en:Siberia|Siberia]]. Le gape ke letsha le le telele go feta tsotlhe mo lefatsheng. Ka bogolo jwa lefelo, [[:en:List_of_lakes_by_area|ke la bo 6 mo lefatsheng]]. Letsha leno le abelanwa ke dinaga di le nne: [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]], [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[:en:Burundi|Burundi]] le Zambia. Tanzania e na le karolo e kgolo ya letsha (mo e ka nnang 46%), mme Democratic Republic of the Congo e na le mo e ka nnang 40%. Letsha la Tanganyika le elela metsi a lona ka noka ya [[:en:Lukuga_River|Lukuga River]] go tsena mo tsamaisong ya [[:en:Congo_River|Noka ya Congo]], e e feleletsang e tshela kwa toropong ya [[:en:Banana,_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Banana]] go tsena mo [[:en:Atlantic_Ocean|Lewatleng la Atlantic]].{{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] 2ep9hmp0np44octijh1za3jspiyozu3 0 13569 50564 2026-06-13T08:51:16Z Edithokere 12869 ke ranotse 50564 wikitext text/x-wiki Noka ya Gaizeri e simolola mo dithabeng tsa Zimbabwe 7y5o6k9mz7cqm7zc8sgq81buh7gblse 50569 50564 2026-06-13T09:14:24Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke ramotse ka ba ka tsenya kgokagano.#AWC2026 50569 wikitext text/x-wiki Noka ya Gairezi e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya Nyangani ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), mme e kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe. Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa Eastern Highlands, le go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le Mozambique pele e kopana le dinoka tsa Mazowe le Zambezi, mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo. bu9b1fxtlc01hqpo4khwowgug7fd3ut 50574 50569 2026-06-13T09:30:11Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke baakantse tsebe e, ke bo ke tsenya le kgokaganyo. 50574 wikitext text/x-wiki Noka ya '''Gairezi''' e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya [[:en:Mount_Nyangani|Nyangani]] ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), mme e kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe. Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa [[:en:Eastern_Highlands|Eastern Highlands]], le go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le Mozambique pele e kopana le dinoka tsa Mazowe le Zambezi, mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo. 9qvm0com6ihhzq5qe1hrhmv1vkwy6ew 50577 50574 2026-06-13T09:51:01Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke ramotse ka ba ka tsenya kgokagano.#AWC2026 50577 wikitext text/x-wiki Noka ya '''Gairezi''' e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya [[:en:Mount_Nyangani|Nyangani]] ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), ebile e bonwa kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe. <ref />Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa [[:en:Eastern_Highlands|Eastern Highlands]], ka go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le [[Mozambique]] pele e kopana le dinoka tsa [[:en:Mazowe_River|Mazowe]] le [[:en:Zambezi|Zambezi]], mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo.<ref /> Noka ya Gaizeri e ralala [[:en:Nyanga,_Zimbabwe|Nyanga]], toropo e e kwa Porofenseng ya [[:en:Manicaland_Province|Manicaland]] kwa Zimbabwe. == Metswedi == h2as6wd30jxrbinu055hxeh1zoty4m0 50578 50577 2026-06-13T09:54:56Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke ranotse ka ba ka tsenya kgokagano.#AWC2026 50578 wikitext text/x-wiki Noka ya '''Gairezi''' e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya [[:en:Mount_Nyangani|Nyangani]] ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), ebile e bonwa kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe.<ref>"Nyanga Rural District Council". nyangardc.org. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref>Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa [[:en:Eastern_Highlands|Eastern Highlands]], ka go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le [[Mozambique]] pele e kopana le dinoka tsa [[:en:Mazowe_River|Mazowe]] le [[:en:Zambezi|Zambezi]], mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo.<ref>"The Gairezi River area, Nyanga". Patch's personal Blog. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref> Noka ya Gaizeri e ralala [[:en:Nyanga,_Zimbabwe|Nyanga]], toropo e e kwa Porofenseng ya [[:en:Manicaland_Province|Manicaland]] kwa Zimbabwe. == Metswedi == 12jcqe3xmrrjsblfjkjhmvbptxs55mf 50581 50578 2026-06-13T10:11:29Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke tsentse setshwantsho.#AWC2026 50581 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Luenha Mazowe OSM.png|thumb|Noka ya Gairezi kwa e kopanang teng le kwa Luenha ]] Noka ya '''Gairezi''' e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya [[:en:Mount_Nyangani|Nyangani]] ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), ebile e bonwa kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe.<ref>"Nyanga Rural District Council". nyangardc.org. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref>Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa [[:en:Eastern_Highlands|Eastern Highlands]], ka go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le [[Mozambique]] pele e kopana le dinoka tsa [[:en:Mazowe_River|Mazowe]] le [[:en:Zambezi|Zambezi]], mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo.<ref>"The Gairezi River area, Nyanga". Patch's personal Blog. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref> Noka ya Gaizeri e ralala [[:en:Nyanga,_Zimbabwe|Nyanga]], toropo e e kwa Porofenseng ya [[:en:Manicaland_Province|Manicaland]] kwa Zimbabwe. == Metswedi == 4gviw5b001gnncou6r91tc7j09oayk3 50585 50581 2026-06-13T10:18:04Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke baakantse motswedi wa tsebe e.#AWC2026 50585 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Luenha Mazowe OSM.png|thumb|Noka ya Gairezi kwa e kopanang teng le kwa Luenha ]] Noka ya '''Gairezi''' e simologa mo mekgokoloseng ya thaba e e kwa godimo go gaisa mo [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe,]] e leng thaba ya [[:en:Mount_Nyangani|Nyangani]] ya dimetara di le 2 592 (8,504 ft), ebile e bonwa kwa botlhaba jwa Zimbabwe.<ref>[http://www.nyangardc.org/tourism.php "Nyanga Rural District Council"]. nyangardc.org. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref>Fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa bokone go tswa kwa [[:en:Eastern_Highlands|Eastern Highlands]], ka go feta dikilometara di le 60, e bopa molelwane magareng ga Zimbabwe le [[Mozambique]] pele e kopana le dinoka tsa [[:en:Mazowe_River|Mazowe]] le [[:en:Zambezi|Zambezi]], mmogo le Noka ya Luenha, e e leng karolo ya Noka ya Zambezi, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 160 go ya kwa godimo.<ref>[https://patchzimbabwe.wordpress.com/articles/homes-magazine/the-gairezi-river-area-nyanga/ "The Gairezi River area, Nyanga"]. Patch's personal Blog. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2021.</ref> Noka ya Gaizeri e ralala [[:en:Nyanga,_Zimbabwe|Nyanga]], toropo e e kwa Porofenseng ya [[:en:Manicaland_Province|Manicaland]] kwa Zimbabwe. == Metswedi == ltygvrnkjlhkyjthrmak8ydw8ip7wiu 0 13570 50567 2026-06-13T09:04:10Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke simolotse go ranola tsebe e. 50567 wikitext text/x-wiki Boikaelelo jwa borataro mo maikaelelong a a lebaganeng le go fetola matshelo a batho, go godisa itsholelo le go babalela tikologo le ditsa tlholego bo itebagantse le a82ove2gi1uh4ex9866sq5mgpq8c000 0 13571 50573 2026-06-13T09:26:07Z Mothusi Sekhomba 9433 Ke simolotse thanolo ya tsebe e. #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 50573 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Rokel''' (e bile e bitswa '''Noka ya Seli'''; pele e ne e bitswa '''Noka ya Pamoronkoh''') ke yona noka e kgolo mo Repaboliking ya [[Sierra Leone]] kwa Afrika Borwa-Bophirima. Setšhaba sa noka se lekanya 10,622 km² (4,101 mi²), mme metsi a yona a aroganywa ke dithaba tsa Gbengbe le Kabala le dithaba tsa Sula. Letsha la molomo wa noka le le akaretsang sebaka sa 2,950 km² (1,140 mi²) le ne la bewa jaaka sebaka sa Ramsar sa botlhokwa ka ngwaga wa 1999.<ref>[http://sites.wetlands.org/reports/ris/1SL001en_part1.pdf "Sierra Leone Estuary: Proposed Ramsar Site"] (PDF). Wetland Organization. Retrieved 3 July 2013</ref> == Geography == <nowiki>;</nowiki>sh;GsvmlLdalnvhj; == Metswedi == <references /> 1g6f44wivbh694w1zu50gi8c4wiwnud 0 13572 50579 2026-06-13T09:59:17Z Merapelo1988 12863 ke ranotse tsebe e #AWC2026 50579 wikitext text/x-wiki Hydrology (go tswa mo Segerikeng sa Bogologolo ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'metsi' le -λογία (-logía) 'thuto ya') ke thuto ya maranyane e e sekasekang motsamao, kabo, le taolo ya metsi mo Lefatsheng le mo dinaledi tse dingwe, go akaretsa potologo ya metsi, didiriswa tsa metsi, le botswelelopele jwa mekgatlho ya dinoka. Motho yo o dirang tiro ya boranyane jwa metsi o bidiwa rramaranyane wa metsi. Bontsi jwa boranyane jwa metsi ke boramaranyane ba ba ithutang maranyane a lefatshe kgotsa tikologo, boitseanape jwa kago kgotsa tikologo, le tse di fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng. Ka go dirisa mekgwa e farologanyeng ya tshekatsheko le ditsela tsa maranyane, ba phutha le go sekaseka tshedimosetso go thusa go rarabolola mathata a a amanang le metsi jaaka tshireletso ya tikologo, dikotsi tsa tlholego le taolo ya metsi. q1704x4csxgnr3177rh68fce7lusb0z 50583 50579 2026-06-13T10:15:36Z Merapelo1988 12863 ke ranotse tsebe e #AWC2026 50583 wikitext text/x-wiki Boranyane jwa metsi (go tswa mo Segerikeng sa Bogologolo ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'metsi' le -λογία (-logía) 'thuto ya') ke thuto ya maranyane e e sekasekang motsamao, kabo, le taolo ya metsi mo Lefatsheng le mo dinaledi tse dingwe, go akaretsa potologo ya metsi, didiriswa tsa metsi, le botswelelopele jwa mekgatlho ya dinoka. Motho yo o dirang tiro ya boranyane jwa metsi o bidiwa rramaranyane wa metsi. Bontsi jwa boranyane jwa metsi ke boramaranyane ba ba ithutang maranyane a lefatshe kgotsa tikologo, boitseanape jwa kago kgotsa tikologo, le tse di fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng. Ka go dirisa mekgwa e farologanyeng ya tshekatsheko le ditsela tsa maranyane, ba phutha le go sekaseka tshedimosetso go thusa go rarabolola mathata a a amanang le metsi jaaka tshireletso ya tikologo, dikotsi tsa tlholego le taolo ya metsi. Boranyane jwa metsi bo kgaogantswe go nna boranyane jwa metsi a kwa godimo ga lefatshe,boranyane jwa metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe (hydrogeology), le marine hydrology. Dikarolo tsa boranyane jwa metsi di akaretsa hydrometeorology, boranyane jwa godimo ga lefatshe, hydrogeology, drainage-basin management, le boleng jwa metsi. Oceanography le tepo loapi ga di a akarediwa ka gonne metsi ke nngwe fela ya dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa mo dikarolong tseo. Dipatlisiso tsa thutotshelo ya metsi di ka thusa mo go direng boranyane jwa tikologo, go dira melao le go rulaganya. kv6woiupy377vro378oy1kbyiln8ufc 50587 50583 2026-06-13T10:22:46Z Merapelo1988 12863 Ke tsentse metswedi #AWC2026 50587 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Rain over Beinn Eich, Luss Hills, Scotland.jpg|thumb|Pula e na kwa Beinn Eich, Luss Hills, Scotland]] Boranyane jwa metsi (go tswa mo Segerikeng sa Bogologolo ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'metsi' le -λογία (-logía) 'thuto ya') ke thuto ya maranyane e e sekasekang motsamao, kabo, le taolo ya metsi mo Lefatsheng le mo dinaledi tse dingwe, go akaretsa potologo ya metsi, didiriswa tsa metsi, le botswelelopele jwa mekgatlho ya dinoka. Motho yo o dirang tiro ya boranyane jwa metsi o bidiwa rramaranyane wa metsi. Bontsi jwa boranyane jwa metsi ke boramaranyane ba ba ithutang maranyane a lefatshe kgotsa tikologo, boitseanape jwa kago kgotsa tikologo, le tse di fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":0">"What is hydrology and what do hydrologists do?". ''USA.gov''. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2015.</ref> Ka go dirisa mekgwa e farologanyeng ya tshekatsheko le ditsela tsa maranyane, ba phutha le go sekaseka tshedimosetso go thusa go rarabolola mathata a a amanang le metsi jaaka tshireletso ya tikologo, dikotsi tsa tlholego le taolo ya metsi.<ref name=":0" /> Boranyane jwa metsi bo kgaogantswe go nna boranyane jwa metsi a kwa godimo ga lefatshe,boranyane jwa metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe (hydrogeology), le marine hydrology. Dikarolo tsa boranyane jwa metsi di akaretsa hydrometeorology, boranyane jwa godimo ga lefatshe, hydrogeology, drainage-basin management, le boleng jwa metsi. Oceanography le tepo loapi ga di a akarediwa ka gonne metsi ke nngwe fela ya dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa mo dikarolong tseo. Dipatlisiso tsa thutotshelo ya metsi di ka thusa mo go direng boranyane jwa tikologo, go dira melao le go rulaganya. 46mhf05sao5yhzl8rzm8jbwx2y3lbal 50588 50587 2026-06-13T10:24:43Z Merapelo1988 12863 Ke tsentse setlhogo #AWC2026 50588 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Rain over Beinn Eich, Luss Hills, Scotland.jpg|thumb|Pula e na kwa Beinn Eich, Luss Hills, Scotland]] Boranyane jwa metsi (go tswa mo Segerikeng sa Bogologolo ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'metsi' le -λογία (-logía) 'thuto ya') ke thuto ya maranyane e e sekasekang motsamao, kabo, le taolo ya metsi mo Lefatsheng le mo dinaledi tse dingwe, go akaretsa potologo ya metsi, didiriswa tsa metsi, le botswelelopele jwa mekgatlho ya dinoka. Motho yo o dirang tiro ya boranyane jwa metsi o bidiwa rramaranyane wa metsi. Bontsi jwa boranyane jwa metsi ke boramaranyane ba ba ithutang maranyane a lefatshe kgotsa tikologo, boitseanape jwa kago kgotsa tikologo, le tse di fitlhelwang mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":0">"What is hydrology and what do hydrologists do?". ''USA.gov''. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2015.</ref> Ka go dirisa mekgwa e farologanyeng ya tshekatsheko le ditsela tsa maranyane, ba phutha le go sekaseka tshedimosetso go thusa go rarabolola mathata a a amanang le metsi jaaka tshireletso ya tikologo, dikotsi tsa tlholego le taolo ya metsi.<ref name=":0" /> Boranyane jwa metsi bo kgaogantswe go nna boranyane jwa metsi a kwa godimo ga lefatshe,boranyane jwa metsi a ka fa tlase ga lefatshe (hydrogeology), le marine hydrology. Dikarolo tsa boranyane jwa metsi di akaretsa hydrometeorology, boranyane jwa godimo ga lefatshe, hydrogeology, drainage-basin management, le boleng jwa metsi. Oceanography le tepo loapi ga di a akarediwa ka gonne metsi ke nngwe fela ya dilo tse dintsi tse di botlhokwa mo dikarolong tseo. Dipatlisiso tsa thutotshelo ya metsi di ka thusa mo go direng boranyane jwa tikologo, go dira melao le go rulaganya. == Metswedi == awx66rjltq1ekvmgh0d5obhj85hbqhi 0 13573 50582 2026-06-13T10:14:29Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA ATBARA 50582 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Upper Atbara and Setit Dam Complex Power Plant.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Atbara]] '''Noka ya Atbarah''' (Arabic; transliterated: Nahr 'Atbarah), gape e bidiwa Red Nile le/kgotsa Black Nile, ke noka e e kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa Afrika. E tlhoga kwa bokone-bophirima jwa Ethiopia, e ka nna dikilometara di le masome a matlhano (50) kwa bokone jwa Letsha la Tana le dikilometara di le masome a mararo (30) kwa bophirima jwa Gondar. Go tswa foo e elela dikilometara di le makgolo a ferangbobedi le botlhano (805) go ya kwa nokeng ya Nile kwa bokone-bogare jwa Sudan, e e kopanya le yone kwa motseng wa Atbarah (17.677°N 33.970°E). Noka ya noka, Noka ya Tekezé (Setit), e ka tswa e le yone e e kwa godimo ya Atbarah, ka gonne Noka ya Tekezé e latela tsela e telele pele ga go kopana ga dinoka tse pedi (kwa 14° 10' N, 36° E) kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa Sudan. Atbarah ke noka ya bofelo e e tsenang mo Nokeng ya Nile pele e tsena mo Lewatleng la Mediterranean. Mo karolong e kgolo ya ngwaga, ke molatswana fela. Le fa go ntse jalo, ka paka ya dipula (gantsi ka kgwedi ya Phukwi go ya ko kgwedig ya Lwetse), Atbarah e tlhatloga ka dimetara di le tlhano (5) go feta selekanyo sa yone se se tlwaelegileng. Mo nakong eno, e dira sekgoreletsi se se boitshegang fa gare ga dikgaolo tse di kwa bokone le tse di mo bogare jwa Kgaolo ya Amhara ya Ethiopia. Kwa ntle ga Tekezé, dinoka tse dingwe tse di botlhokwa tsa Atbarah di akaretsa Noka ya Shinfa e e tlhatlogelang kwa bophirima jwa Letsha la Tana, le Noka e Kgolo ya Angereb e e simololang kwa bokone jwa toropo ya Gondar. == Ditso == Lekwalo la ntlha le le sa ntseng le le teng le le umakang Atbarah ke la ga Strabo (16.4.8), yo o neng a bitsa noka eno a re ke Astaboras (Segerika: Ασταβόρας).<ref name=":0">[[:en:Atbarah_River#cite_note-rilly-1|Claude Rilly, Le méroïtique et sa famille linguistique, Peeters, Louvain 2010]], p. 179</ref>Bakwadi ba bangwe ba bogologolo ba ba umakang leina le ke Agatharchides, yo o neng a le bitsa Astabaras (Greek),<ref name=":0" />le Ptolemy (Geography 4.7).<ref>[https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/4/7*.html "LacusCurtius • Ptolemy's Geography — Book IV, Chapter 7".] Penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2013-12-10.</ref>Richard Pankhurst le ba bangwe ba ne ba ganetsa gore leina le tshwanetse go tlhaloganngwa jaaka "Noka ya batho ba Boras", koo asta e ka amanngwang le Proto-Nubian asti "metsi",<ref name=":0" />fa -boras e ka amanngwang le palo ya ditshwantshiso tsa Baroma tsa morafe o o bidiwang Bora (Bera), ba ba neng ba nna gaufi le Meroe,<ref>[[:en:Atbarah_River#cite_note-3|Richard Pankhurst, ''The Ethiopian Borderlands'' (Lawrenceville: Red Sea Press, 1997)]], p. 27</ref>le morafe o mongwe o o bidiwang Megabares (Greek: Μεγάβαροι mo go Eratosthenes le Strabo, Latin: Megabarri mo go Pliny the Elder).<ref name=":0" />Pliny the Elder o ne a tlhalosa leina Astaboras ka tsela e e farologaneng go sekae, a bolela gore "ka puo ya batho ba lefelo leo" leina leno le kaya "metsi a a tswang mo meriting e e kwa tlase" (N.H. 5.10). Ka kgwedi ya Moranang wa ngwaga wa 1898 ntwa e kgolo e ne ya lwelwa gaufi le noka ka nako ya tlhaselo ya Anglo-Egyptian ya Sudan ngwaga wa 1896 go ya ko ngwageng wa 1899 magareng ga masole a Mahdist le masole a Anglo-Egyptian ka fa tlase ga taolo ya Lord Kitchener, e e neng ya felela ka go senngwa ga setlhopha sa Mahdist sa masole a le dikete tse masome a mabedi (20 000). <ref>[[:en:Winston_Churchill|Winston Churchill (1899). ''The River War Volume 1''.]] Longmans. p. 416 Chapter XIII.</ref> == Letsholo la Noka ya Atbara == Ka ngwaga wa 1964, noka e ne ya thibelwa ke letamo la Khashm el-Girba gaufi le Kassala kwa [[Sudan]] go tlamela nosetso kwa toropong e e sa tswang go agiwa ya Halfa Dughaym mo kgaolong e e omeletseng le go busetsa baagi ba [[Sudan]] ba ba neng ba lelekilwe ke Letamo le le kwa godimo la Aswan (Sad al-Aali) kwa Egepeto, le le neng la khurumetsa dikilometara di le makgolo a matlhano (500) tsa Nile Valley kwa borwa jwa Egepeto le bokone jwa Sudan. <ref>Hurni, Hans; Tato, Kebede; Zeleke, Gete (May 2005). [https://doi.org/10.1659%2F0276-4741%282005%29025%5B0147%3Atiocip%5D2.0.co%3B2 "The Implications of Changes in Population, Land Use, and Land Management for Surface Runoff in the Upper Nile Basin Area of Ethiopia".] ''Mountain Research and Development''. '''25''' (2): 147–154. doi:10.1659/0276-4741(2005)025[0147:tiocip]2.0.co;2. ISSN 0276-4741.</ref> Go agiwa ga porojeke ya matamo a mabedi ya diranta di le dibilione di le 1,9 e e leng dikilometara di le masome a mabedi (20) go tswa mo go kopanngwang ga dinoka tsa Upper Atbara le Setit, matamo a Rumela le Burdana, a simolotse ka ngwaga wa 2011 mme a ne a bulwa ke Moporesitente Omar al-Bashir ka kgwedi ya Tlhakoleka ngwaga wa 2017. <ref>Gregory B. Poindexter (2 February 2017)[https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2017/02/sudan-inaugurates-us-1-9-billion-upper-atbara-and-setit-dam-hydropower-project.html . "Sudan inaugurates US$1.9 billion Upper Atbara and Setit Dam hydropower project".] HydroWorld. Retrieved 4 November 2018</ref> == Metswedi == a1u3l5iy93drym0y8r7tr86hokonrfd 0 13574 50589 2026-06-13T10:39:54Z Tshephang014 12867 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358469902|Kafue River]]" 50589 wikitext text/x-wiki NOKA YA KAFUE Noka ya Kafue, e e boleele jwa dikhilomitara di le 1576 (979 mi), ke noka e telele go di gaisa tsotlhe tse di mo gare ga lefatshe la Zambia fela. Metsi a yone a dirisiwa go nosetsa dijalo le go fetla motlakase. Ke lebala le legolo go gaisa otlhe la noka ya Zambezi mme e bile ke noka ya botlhokwa thata mo ditoropong tsa Zambia. Palo e e fetang sephato (50%) sa banni ba Zambia ba nna mo tikologomg ya nako eno mme mo go bone, ba le ka nna 65% ba nna mo ditoropong. Nako eno e na le selekanyo sa metsi se se elelang ka dimitara tse di dikatara di le 320 ka motsorswana mo karolong ya yone e e kwa tlase. Noka ya Kafue e tsholelela selekanyo sa dikhilomitara tse di dikatara di le 10 tsa metsi mo nokeng ya Zambezi ngwaga le ngwaga. Tshimologo Noka ya Kafue e simologa mo bogodimomg jwa dimitara di le 1350 (4430 ft) molefelong le le papatlego gaufi le molelwane wa Zambia le lefatshe la Democratic Replubic of Congo, dikhilomitara di le 120 kwa bokone-bophirima jwa toropo ya Chingola mo kgaolong ya Copperbelt. Tshimologo ya noka eno e mo kgaolong ya Bokone-bophirima jwa Zambia. Lefelo leno ke sekgwa sa Mlombo mo molatswaneng wa Congo-Zambezi.  Noka e simologa e le mokorwana o monnye go tswa mo makgobokgobong a a ratiwang (Munyanshi Swamp ke lekala la yone). Eelela ka bonya e leba kwa borwa-botlhaba. Tikologo eno e amogela pula e e ka nnang dibilinitara di le 1200 (47 in) ka nako ya dipula. Mokero wa noka p tloga o gola go nna bophara jwa dimitara di le 100.  Copperbelt Pele noka e goroga mo ditoropong tsa Copperbelt, e a kgaogana mme bophara jwa yone bo fokotsege go nna dimitara di le 30 - 40. E elela gaufi le ditoropo tsa Copperbelt e leng Chililabombwe, Chingola le Mufulira, le go feta mo mathokong a toropo ya Kitwe. Lefelo le le itsegeng la boitshoko la Hippo Pool kwa bokone jwa Chingola le sireleletswa e le sefikantswe sa bosetshaba. Mo kgaolong ya Copperbelt, metsi a tsewa mo nokeng go nosetswa dipolasi tse dinnye le ditshingwana tsa nerogo. Kwa Kitwe, noka e fetola tsela ya yone go leba kwa borwa-bophirima. Makgobokgobo a Lukanga Noka e boela gape e iphaphata a ditsela tse di farologaneng mo lefelong la makgobokgobo, le le nang le matsha a oxbow le matlhaka. E elela dikhilomitara di le 20 kwa bophirima jwa karolo e e nnang e na le metsi ya Lukanga Swamp. Ka nako ya dipula, lefelo leno lotlhe le a khurumelwa ke metsi mme bophara kwa makgobokgobo bo fete dikhilomitara tse di le 6000km. Leno ke kgaolo ya ntlha mo go tse tharo tse di phelang diphologolo tsa naga gaufi le noka{{Infobox river|name=Kafue|native_name=|native_name_lang=|name_other=|name_etymology=<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->|image=Kafue river02.jpg|image_size=|image_caption=Kafue River, Chamufumbu, near Lubungu Pontoon, Zambia|map=Kafue OSM.svg|map_size=250px|map_caption=The Kafue River Basin|pushpin_map=|pushpin_map_size=|pushpin_map_caption=<!---------------------- LOCATION -->|subdivision_type1=Country|subdivision_name1=[[Zambia]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=|subdivision_type5=City|subdivision_name5=[[Kitwe]], [[Mazabuka]], [[Kafue| Kafue Town]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->|length={{convert|1576|km|mi|abbr=on}}|width_min=|width_avg=|width_max=|depth_min=|depth_avg=|depth_max=|discharge1_location=|discharge1_min=|discharge1_avg={{convert|320|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}|discharge1_max=<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->|source1=|source1_location=Zambian border with the Democratic Republic of Congo northwest of Kipushi, [[North-Western Province, Zambia|North-Western Province]], [[Zambia]]|source1_coordinates={{coord|11|36|S|27|12|E|type:river_region:ZM|display=inline}}|source1_elevation={{convert|1350|m|abbr=on}}|mouth=[[Zambezi]]|mouth_location=near [[Chirundu, Zambia|Chirundu]], [[Southern Province, Zambia|Southern Province]], [[Zambia]]|mouth_coordinates={{coord|-15.9429|28.9143|format=dms|type:river_region:ZM|display=inline,title}}|mouth_elevation={{convert|410|m|abbr=on}}|progression=|river_system=[[Zambezi]]|basin_size={{convert|155000|km2|abbr=on}}|tributaries_left=|tributaries_right=|custom_label=|custom_data=|extra=}} [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Karolo:Articles with short description]] tlvmj091va8vdtaswpndfd1ddbnokid 50596 50589 2026-06-13T10:51:54Z Tshephang014 12867 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358469902|Kafue River]]" 50596 wikitext text/x-wiki NOKA YA KAFUE Noka ya Kafue, e e boleele jwa dikhilomitara di le 1576 (979 mi), ke noka e telele go di gaisa tsotlhe tse di mo gare ga lefatshe la Zambia fela. Metsi a yone a dirisiwa go nosetsa dijalo le go fetla motlakase. Ke lebala le legolo go gaisa otlhe la noka ya Zambezi mme e bile ke noka ya botlhokwa thata mo ditoropong tsa Zambia. Palo e e fetang sephato (50%) sa banni ba Zambia ba nna mo tikologomg ya nako eno mme mo go bone, ba le ka nna 65% ba nna mo ditoropong. Nako eno e na le selekanyo sa metsi se se elelang ka dimitara tse di dikatara di le 320 ka motsorswana mo karolong ya yone e e kwa tlase. Noka ya Kafue e tsholelela selekanyo sa dikhilomitara tse di dikatara di le 10 tsa metsi mo nokeng ya Zambezi ngwaga le ngwaga. Tshimologo Noka ya Kafue e simologa mo bogodimomg jwa dimitara di le 1350 (4430 ft) molefelong le le papatlego gaufi le molelwane wa Zambia le lefatshe la Democratic Replubic of Congo, dikhilomitara di le 120 kwa bokone-bophirima jwa toropo ya Chingola mo kgaolong ya Copperbelt. Tshimologo ya noka eno e mo kgaolong ya Bokone-bophirima jwa Zambia. Lefelo leno ke sekgwa sa Mlombo mo molatswaneng wa Congo-Zambezi.  Noka e simologa e le mokorwana o monnye go tswa mo makgobokgobong a a ratiwang (Munyanshi Swamp ke lekala la yone). Eelela ka bonya e leba kwa borwa-botlhaba. Tikologo eno e amogela pula e e ka nnang dibilinitara di le 1200 (47 in) ka nako ya dipula. Mokero wa noka p tloga o gola go nna bophara jwa dimitara di le 100.  Copperbelt Pele noka e goroga mo ditoropong tsa Copperbelt, e a kgaogana mme bophara jwa yone bo fokotsege go nna dimitara di le 30 - 40. E elela gaufi le ditoropo tsa Copperbelt e leng Chililabombwe, Chingola le Mufulira, le go feta mo mathokong a toropo ya Kitwe. Lefelo le le itsegeng la boitshoko la Hippo Pool kwa bokone jwa Chingola le sireleletswa e le sefikantswe sa bosetshaba. Mo kgaolong ya Copperbelt, metsi a tsewa mo nokeng go nosetswa dipolasi tse dinnye le ditshingwana tsa nerogo. Kwa Kitwe, noka e fetola tsela ya yone go leba kwa borwa-bophirima. Makgobokgobo a Lukanga Noka e boela gape e iphaphata a ditsela tse di farologaneng mo lefelong la makgobokgobo, le le nang le matsha a oxbow le matlhaka. E elela dikhilomitara di le 20 kwa bophirima jwa karolo e e nnang e na le metsi ya Lukanga Swamp. Ka nako ya dipula, lefelo leno lotlhe le a khurumelwa ke metsi mme bophara kwa makgobokgobo bo fete dikhilomitara tse di le 6000km. Leno ke kgaolo ya ntlha mo go tse tharo tse di phelang diphologolo tsa naga gaufi le noka. {{Infobox river|name=Kafue|native_name=|native_name_lang=|name_other=|name_etymology=<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->|image=Kafue river02.jpg|image_size=|image_caption=Kafue River, Chamufumbu, near Lubungu Pontoon, Zambia|map=Kafue OSM.svg|map_size=250px|map_caption=The Kafue River Basin|pushpin_map=|pushpin_map_size=|pushpin_map_caption=<!---------------------- LOCATION -->|subdivision_type1=Country|subdivision_name1=[[Zambia]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=|subdivision_type5=City|subdivision_name5=[[Kitwe]], [[Mazabuka]], [[Kafue| Kafue Town]] <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->|length={{convert|1576|km|mi|abbr=on}}|width_min=|width_avg=|width_max=|depth_min=|depth_avg=|depth_max=|discharge1_location=|discharge1_min=|discharge1_avg={{convert|320|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}|discharge1_max=<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->|source1=|source1_location=Zambian border with the Democratic Republic of Congo northwest of Kipushi, [[North-Western Province, Zambia|North-Western Province]], [[Zambia]]|source1_coordinates={{coord|11|36|S|27|12|E|type:river_region:ZM|display=inline}}|source1_elevation={{convert|1350|m|abbr=on}}|mouth=[[Zambezi]]|mouth_location=near [[Chirundu, Zambia|Chirundu]], [[Southern Province, Zambia|Southern Province]], [[Zambia]]|mouth_coordinates={{coord|-15.9429|28.9143|format=dms|type:river_region:ZM|display=inline,title}}|mouth_elevation={{convert|410|m|abbr=on}}|progression=|river_system=[[Zambezi]]|basin_size={{convert|155000|km2|abbr=on}}|tributaries_left=|tributaries_right=|custom_label=|custom_data=|extra=}} [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] [[Karolo:Articles with short description]] 5ea8dslfir2bffu1hw5dcrrx8nv0fnb 0 13575 50590 2026-06-13T10:42:36Z Abbymooketsi 12868 Ke tladitse mo go sentseng ke se kwala mo tsebeng e.#AWC2026 50590 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Soweto Stormwater Channel''' ke thulaganyo ya go tsamaisa metsi a pula e e leng kwa [[Soweto]], [[Johannesburg]], mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. E bopa karolo ya mafaratlhatlha a kgelelo ya metsi a [[:en:City_of_Johannesburg_Metropolitan_Municipality|toropo ya Johannesburg]] ebile e tsamaisiwa ke baJohannesburg Roads Agency (JRA). Thulaganyo e e diretswe go fokotsa merwalela, go laola metsi a a elelang fa pula e na thata le go sireletsa ditsela, matlo le dikago tsa setšhaba kwa Soweto. == Se se Diragetseng == Soweto ga e bolo go nna mo kotsing ya go nna le merwalela ka ntlha ya [[:en:Urbanization|go nna motse se toropo ka lebelo le le kwa godimo]], go nna le batho ba le bantsi le go tlhaela ga ditlamelo tsa motheo ya metsi a pula. Dipula tse di maatla tse di nang kwa [[Gauteng]] gantsi di baka mathata mo dithulaganyong tsa kgelelo ya metsi, mme se se baka merwalela, go senyega ga ditsela le go kgorelediwa ga ditirelo. Toropokgolo ya Johannesburg e lemogile gore go laola metsi a pula ke selo se se botlhokwa thata mo Soweto, segolobogolo fa go na le merwalela ka dinako tsa dipula.<ref>"JRA undertakes major stormwater upgrades in Soweto". City of Johannesburg.</ref> la7mr5asarugrwz18h7konh0w14xf01 0 13576 50591 2026-06-13T10:44:05Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA OYAN 50591 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Oyan Dam.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Oyan]] '''Letamo la Noka ya Oyan''' le kwa kgaolong ya puso ya selegae ya Abeokuta Bokone ya Ogun State kwa Bophirima jwa Nigeria, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le masome a mabedi (20) bokone bophirima jwa motsemogolo wa puso ya Abeokuta. Letamo leno le kgabaganya Noka ya Oyan, e leng nngwe ya dinoka tse di elelang mo nokeng ya Ogun. E dirisetswa go tlamela metsi a a se nang sepe kwa Lagos le Abeokuta, fela e na le bokgoni jwa go dirisiwa mo go nosetseng le go tlhagisa motlakase. == Tsela e e dirilweng ka yone == Letamo leno le ne la tsenngwa tirisong ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe (29), ka ngwaga wa 1983 ke moporesidente Shehu Shagari, mme le tsamaisiwa ke Ogun-Osun River Basin Development Authority. Letsha leno le kwa kgaolong ya savannah, e e nang le ditlhare le bojang jo bo seng kana ka sepe le e e se nang tsalo e ntsi. E na le diheketara di le dikete tse nne (4.000) (diheketara di le 9.900) mme e na le lefelo le le nang le metsi la dikilometara di le dikete tse feranbongwe (9.000). Letamo le na le boleele jwa 1,044 m (3,425 ft), bogodimo jwa 30,4 m (100 ft) le bokanakang jwa bokanakang jwa 270 million m3.<ref name=":0">Ofoezie, IE; Asaolu, SO (1997)[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2487010 . "Water level regulation and control of schistosomiasis transmission: a case study in Oyan Reservoir, Ogun State, Nigeria".] ''Bulletin of the World Health Organization''. '''75''' (5): 435–41. PMC 2487010. <nowiki>PMID 9447776</nowiki>.</ref> E ne e diretswe go tlamela Lagos le Abeokuta ka metsi, le go tshegetsa porojeke ya go nosetsa ya Lower Ogun ya diheketara di le dikete tse tharo (3 000). Go ne ga tsenngwa diterekere tse tharo tsa dimekawate di le tharo (3) ka nngwe ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme ka ngwaga wa 2024 di ne di ise di dirisiwe.<ref>[https://www.visitnigerianow.com/tours/oyandam/ "Oyan Dam".] ''Visit Nigeria Now''. Retrieved 2020-01-22</ref> == Tlhotlheletso == Ka nako ya fa go ne go agiwa, metse e le masome a mabedi le bobedi (22) e ne ya khurumediwa ke metsi, mme batho ba ba neng ba fudugile ba ne ba fudusediwa kwa dikampeng tse tharo. Ba bangwe ba ba nnang koo ba tshwara ditlhapi mo letsheng le go lema merogo go bapa le lotshitshi lo lo nonneng fa letsha le ntse le fokotsega mo setlheng se se omeletseng. <ref>Sam-Wobo, SO; Ekpo, UF; Ameh, IG; Osileye, OT (3 July 2009). "Continued high endemicity of urinary schistosomiasis in Ogun State, Nigeria". ''Nigerian Journal of Parasitology''. '''30''' (1). doi:[[doi:10.4314/njpar.v30i1.43992|10.4314/njpar.v30i1.43992.]]</ref>Patlisiso ya ngwaga wa 2009 ya selekanyo sa schistosomiasis ya motlhapo mo setšhabeng sa Ibaro-Oyan le Abule Titun, se se ikaegileng ka Letamo la Oyan go itshedisa, e fitlhetse selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa tshwaetso ka ntlha ya go dirisa metsi a a sa phepafadiwang. Patlisiso e e fetileng ka ngwaga wa 1990 go ya ko ngwageng wa 1993 e supile gore kotsi ya bolwetse, e e rwalwang ke dikgofa, e ka fokotswa thata fa letamo le ka tshololwa ka metlha ka paka e e mogote ya komelelo.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditirelo == Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong wa ngwaga wa 2009, morago ga pula e e neng e na thata, badirisi ba letamo ba ne ba patelesega go ntsha metsi a mantsi mo letamong ka ntlha ya mabaka a pabalesego, mme seno se ne sa baka merwalela mo lefelong la diheketara di le dikete tse pedi le boferabobedi (2 800) (diheketara di le dikete tse borataro le makgolo a ferangbongwe (6 900).<ref>[[:en:Oyan_River_Dam#cite_note-4|HOPE AFOKE ORIVRI (26 May 2009). "Flood imminent in River Ogun plain'". ''Nigerian Compass'']].</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2010, letamo le ne le sa kgone go ntsha metsi a a lekaneng a a sa tlhotlhiwang gore Abeokuta e kgone go ntsha metsi a a tlhokegang.<ref>KUNLE OLAYENI (20 February 2010). [[:en:Oyan_River_Dam#cite_note-5|"Power surge destroys Ogun Water Corporation facility"]]</ref> Lefapha la metsi le lone le ne le le mo mathateng ka ntlha ya go palelwa ke go dirisa didirisiwa ka ntlha ya go oketsega ga motlakase. Baagi ba Abeokuta ba ne ba patelesega go ikaega ka dinoka le melatswana go bona metsi a ba a tlhokang. Mokgatlho wa Naga wa Metsi wa Ogun o ne wa bolela fa bothata bo bakilwe ke go sa ikanyege ga motlakase go tswa go Power Holding Corporation of Nigeria. <ref>Dimeji Kayode-Adedeji (February 23, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20150610210403/http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5530447-146/water_scarcity_bites_harder_in_abeokuta.csp "Water scarcity bites harder in Abeokuta".] ''Next''. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved 2010-05-22</ref> == Bokgone jwa Noka ya Oyan == Ka ngwaga wa 2010, puso ya bosetšhaba e ne ya beeletsa madi a le dimilione di lemasome a mane le boraro (43) go aga thulaganyo ya go nosetsa ka maatlakgogedi kwa letamong le dimilione di le lesome le bongwe (11) go dira ditiro tsa letamo.<ref>[http://www.budgetoffice.gov.ng/2010%20budget%20messeage/AGRIC.pdf "2010 Budget Proposal"] (PDF). Federal Government of Nigeria. Retrieved 2010-05-22.</ref> Letamo le ne le ikaeletse go tshegetsa diheketara di le diketet tse tharo ( 3,000) (diheketara di le 7,400) mo kgatong ya ntlha, mme lefatshe le ne le sa dirisiwe.<ref>Ademola Adedeji (May 2, 2009). [http://news.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=2662 "Ogun-Osun river basin chairman tasks south-west govts"]. Retrieved 2010-05-22.</ref> == Metswedi == qxvbzls1i0pj0hwr609yk6x0ohctk2d 0 13577 50593 2026-06-13T10:46:40Z Mptladi2026 12864 Ke tsentse metswedi#AWC2026 50593 wikitext text/x-wiki Botsogo jwa mmele ke selo se se dirwang go somarela [[:en:Health|botsogo jwa motho]]. Go ya ka pego ya lekalana la botsogo lefatshe ka bophara [[:en:World_Health_Organization|(World Health Organisation - WHO)]], "Botsogo jwa mmele go tewa diemo le ditiragalo tse di thusang go nna le botsogo jo bo siamemng le go kganela go gasama ga [[:en:Disease|malwetse]]."<ref>"Hygiene: Overview". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 29 January 2020.</ref> Itlhokomelo ya botsogo jwa mmele e raya mmele o o phepa. Ditiragalo tsa botsogo jwa mmele di ka sobokiwa jaana: phepafatso ya mmele, botsogo jwa tsa bongaka, go robala sentle, le [[:en:Food_safety|go tshwara dijo sentle ka bophepa]]. Phepafatso ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya mo lelapeng e akaretsa [[:en:Hand_washing|go tlhapa diatla,]] go hema phefo e e phepa, dijo tse di phepa, phepafatso ya ntlo ya boapeelo, phepafatso ya ntlo ya botlhapelo, diaparo tse di tlhatswitsweng (tse di sekono), le tlhokomelo ya balwetsi ba ba mo lapeng. Le ha ntswa botsogo jwa mmele bo tshwantshanngwa thata le bophepa, botsogo jwa mmele bo akaretsa itlhokomelo ya motho le tikologo e e tlhomameng e e tlisang botsogo jo bontle le go kganela go gasama ga malwetse. 3nruao7przfcrob0emdnh3ttschku3w 50594 50593 2026-06-13T10:47:45Z Mptladi2026 12864 Ke tsentse setlhogo#AWC2026 50594 wikitext text/x-wiki Botsogo jwa mmele ke selo se se dirwang go somarela [[:en:Health|botsogo jwa motho]]. Go ya ka pego ya lekalana la botsogo lefatshe ka bophara [[:en:World_Health_Organization|(World Health Organisation - WHO)]], "Botsogo jwa mmele go tewa diemo le ditiragalo tse di thusang go nna le botsogo jo bo siamemng le go kganela go gasama ga [[:en:Disease|malwetse]]."<ref>"Hygiene: Overview". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 29 January 2020.</ref> Itlhokomelo ya botsogo jwa mmele e raya mmele o o phepa. Ditiragalo tsa botsogo jwa mmele di ka sobokiwa jaana: phepafatso ya mmele, botsogo jwa tsa bongaka, go robala sentle, le [[:en:Food_safety|go tshwara dijo sentle ka bophepa]]. Phepafatso ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya mo lelapeng e akaretsa [[:en:Hand_washing|go tlhapa diatla,]] go hema phefo e e phepa, dijo tse di phepa, phepafatso ya ntlo ya boapeelo, phepafatso ya ntlo ya botlhapelo, diaparo tse di tlhatswitsweng (tse di sekono), le tlhokomelo ya balwetsi ba ba mo lapeng. Le ha ntswa botsogo jwa mmele bo tshwantshanngwa thata le bophepa, botsogo jwa mmele bo akaretsa itlhokomelo ya motho le tikologo e e tlhomameng e e tlisang botsogo jo bontle le go kganela go gasama ga malwetse. == Metswedi == adkhtthb9htgr6jvo98n41tx192gh9f 50595 50594 2026-06-13T10:51:44Z Mptladi2026 12864 Ke tsentse setshwantso sa go tlhapa diatla 50595 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Washing hands 2.jpg|thumb|Go tlhapa diatla]] Botsogo jwa mmele ke selo se se dirwang go somarela [[:en:Health|botsogo jwa motho]]. Go ya ka pego ya lekalana la botsogo lefatshe ka bophara [[:en:World_Health_Organization|(World Health Organisation - WHO)]], "Botsogo jwa mmele go tewa diemo le ditiragalo tse di thusang go nna le botsogo jo bo siamemng le go kganela go gasama ga [[:en:Disease|malwetse]]."<ref>"Hygiene: Overview". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 29 January 2020.</ref> Itlhokomelo ya botsogo jwa mmele e raya mmele o o phepa. Ditiragalo tsa botsogo jwa mmele di ka sobokiwa jaana: phepafatso ya mmele, botsogo jwa tsa bongaka, go robala sentle, le [[:en:Food_safety|go tshwara dijo sentle ka bophepa]]. Phepafatso ya letsatsi le letsatsi ya mo lelapeng e akaretsa [[:en:Hand_washing|go tlhapa diatla,]] go hema phefo e e phepa, dijo tse di phepa, phepafatso ya ntlo ya boapeelo, phepafatso ya ntlo ya botlhapelo, diaparo tse di tlhatswitsweng (tse di sekono), le tlhokomelo ya balwetsi ba ba mo lapeng. Le ha ntswa botsogo jwa mmele bo tshwantshanngwa thata le bophepa, botsogo jwa mmele bo akaretsa itlhokomelo ya motho le tikologo e e tlhomameng e e tlisang botsogo jo bontle le go kganela go gasama ga malwetse. == Metswedi == gxjeh7vmpky6fu2j0uzuisodit38c9m 0 13578 50598 2026-06-13T10:53:06Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA CUVO 50598 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cachoeiras do Binda.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Cuvo]] '''Cuvo''' ke noka e e mo bogareng jwa Angola. Molomo wa noka o kwa Lewatleng la Atlantic kwa Benguela Bay, kwa Cuanza Sul Province.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=obA9AAAAYAAJ&dq=cuvo+river&pg=PA498 The Earth and Its Inhabitants ...: South and east Africa], Elisée Reclus, Ernest George Ravenstein, Augustus Henry Keane, D. Appleton, 1890, p. 8</ref> Cuvo ke leina la yone la kwa godimo; kwa tlase e bidiwa Keve kgotsa Queve. <ref>[http://angolaemb.com/angola.swf Angola Tourism] Archived 2013-11-06 at the Portuguese Web Archive, Angola Embassy</ref>Noka e kgona go tsamaisiwa go ya kwa Binga Falls gaufi le Gabela. Dinoka tse dikgolo tse di elelang mo go yone di akaretsa Noka ya Cussoi. Noka eno e ka tswa e le karolo e e kwa borwa ya lefelo le manatee ya Afrika e fitlhelwang kwa go lone.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&dq=cuvo+river&pg=PA601 A Directory of African Wetlands,] R. H. Hughes, J. S. Hughes, G. M. Bernacsek, IUCN, 1992</ref>Lefelo la noka le le nang le metsi le sekgwa sa Kumbira ke karolo ya lefelo le le botlhokwa la dinonyane le le nang le mefuta e le mmalwa e e sa tlwaelegang. <ref>[http://www.stanford.edu/~cagan/Angola_Sekercioglu&Riley.pdf A brief survey of the birds in Kumbira Forest, Gabela, Angola, Çagan H Sekercioglu and Adam Riley, Ostrich 2005], ISSN 0030-6525ISSN 0030-6525, 76(3&4): 111–117</ref> Molomo wa noka eno o na le mangrove.<ref>[http://ramsar.wetlands.org/Portals/15/ANGOLA.pdf 5.1 Angola] Archived 2014-05-12 at the Wayback Machine, Ramsar Sites Information Service</ref> == Metswedi == 42igf04sc4h9ob7o4sa7tfyefeu8ry5 0 13579 50599 2026-06-13T11:05:18Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA ATABA 50599 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ataba''' ke toropo e e gaufi le lewatle kwa Andoni, Rivers State, [[Nigeria]]. <ref>Gogo, T.E.A.; Ukoima, H . N.; Chukunda, F. A (2022-08-11). [[doi:10.56201/ijaes.v8.no3.2022.pg17.28|"Floristic Abundance and Diversity of Mangrove in Polluted Soil of Ikuru Town, Andoni, Rivers State, Nigeria".]] ''International Journal of Agriculture and Earth Science''. '''8''' (3): 17–28. doi:10.56201/ijaes.v8.no3.2022.pg17.28. ISSN 2695-1894. S2CID 251525722.</ref>Toropo e itsege ka dikoko tsa yone tse dintsi le dikgapetla tsa maungo a mokolane. <ref>Alabi, A. B.; Salawu, M. A.; Jimoh, R. A.; Akomolafe, T. (2020-02-07). [[doi:10.4038/sljp.v21i1.8071|"Appraisal of mechanical properties of different particle sizes of palm kernel shell, coconut shell and mixed palm kernel-coconut shells particles epoxy-filled composites".]] ''Sri Lankan Journal of Physics''. '''21''' (1): 1. Bibcode:2020SLJP...21....1A. doi:10.4038/sljp.v21i1.8071. ISSN 2478-1193. S2CID 213618930.</ref>Mme gape le tlhapi e e foreshe, e kwa ntlheng ya bophirima jwa Andoni. <ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511675690.004 "Artisanal Towns",] ''Small Town Capitalism in Western India'', Cambridge University Press, pp. 56–92, 2012-03-12, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511675690.004, ISBN <bdi>9780511675690</bdi>, retrieved 2023-05-10</ref>Mo makgolokgolong a le mmalwa a dingwaga, Ataba e ne e le lefelo le go neng go fuduga batho ba le bantsi kwa go lone.<ref>OECD (2016-06-16). [https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2016/06/oecd-economic-surveys-united-states-2016_g1g68ece/eco_surveys-usa-2016-en.pdf "Inter-state migration has been declining". ''OECD Economic Surveys: United States 2016'' (PDF)]. OECD Publishing. doi:10.1787/888933380967. ISBN <bdi>978-92-64-25792-4</bdi>.</ref> == Tsela e e dirilweng ka yone == Toropo e arotswe ka dikgaolo di le robongwe: Egweisiyork, Egweite, Egweogogor, Egwebe, Egweaba, Egweituk, Egweosot, Egweaja, le Egwenkan. Ataba e na le diporofense di le pedi tsa sepolotiki mme e na le seabe se segolo mo dipolotiking tsa Andoni. <ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674864931.c12 "Chapter Nine. The Civic Community and the Royal Government",] ''Exeter, 1540-1640'', Harvard University Press, pp. 203–245, 1975-12-31, doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674864931.c12, ISBN <bdi>9780674864924</bdi>, retrieved 2023-05-10</ref>Ke ntlo-kgolo ya Andoni West Archdeaconry ya Kereke ya Nigeria, ya Anglican Communion.<ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674864931.c12 "Chapter Nine. The Civic Community and the Royal Government",] ''Exeter, 1540-1640'', Harvard University Press, pp. 203–245, 1975-12-31, doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674864931.c12, ISBN <bdi>9780674864924</bdi>, retrieved 2023-05-10</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == Ataba e na le melatswana e e nang le metsi a mantsi e e nang le dijo tsa lewatle tse dintsi. E dikologilwe ke Bonny LGA kwa borwa bophirima, Ogu-Bolo LGA kwa bokone bophirima, Gokana le Khana LGAs kwa bokone, metse e mengwe ya Andoni kwa botlhaba le Lewatle la Atlantic kwa borwa. <ref>[https://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350988361.ch-006 "Travelling north, south, east and west"], ''Talking Dance'', I.B. Tauris, 2016, doi:10.5040/9781350988361.ch-006, ISBN <bdi>978-0-85772-745-9</bdi>, retrieved 2023-05-10</ref> == Tsa mosepele == Tsela e e tsayang dibilione tsa diranta ya Bodo-Ataba-Bonny e tshegediwa ka madi ke NLNG le Puso ya [[Nigeria]]. Go solofetswe go bula Ataba le Bonny LGA go tlhabolola.<ref>[https://www.nigerialng.com/csr/Pages/Infrastructure-Development.aspx "Infrastructure Development"]. ''www.nigerialng.com''. Retrieved 2023-05-</ref> == Metswedi == hg54s4oiqfrtz5u127dmw10rgv01s7n 0 13580 50602 2026-06-13T11:16:55Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA ATUA 50602 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Atuá''' (Portuguese: Rio Atuá) ke noka ya Marajó, e e leng setlhaketlhake sa Amazon Delta. E kwa porofenseng ya Pará kwa bokone jwa Brazil.<ref>[https://www.gifex.com/imapa/americas/md_Para_brazil.pdf "Mapa rodoviário Pará"] (PDF). ''GifeX''. Brazilian Ministry of Transport</ref> Noka e kgolo e e elelang kafa molemeng wa yone ke Noka ya Anabiju. Gaufi le lefelo le le tshwanang, Noka ya Muaná e kgabaganya mo letlhakoreng la moja la yone. <ref name=":0">Lisboa, P.L.B. (2012). ''A Terra dos Aruã: Uma história ecológica do arquipelágo do Marajó''. Belém: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atu%C3%A1_River#cite_note-lisboa-3]</ref>Tsela e metsi a elelang ka yone fa gare ga dinoka tseno e ikaegile thata ka makhubu a Amazon le go farologana ga dipaka tse di bongola le tse di omileng.<ref>Penna, D.S.F. (1993). ''Obras completas de Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna''. Vol. 2. Belém: Conselho Estadual de Cultura.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atu%C3%A1_River#cite_note-4]</ref> E re ka Noka ya Atuá e le boteng thata e bile e kgona go tsamaisiwa ka dikepe mo karolong e kgolo ya boleele jwa yone, e na le seabe sa botlhokwa mo go direng gore go nne le dipalangwa mo kgaolong eno. Atuá e tsena mo Nokeng ya Pará e lebagane le molomo wa Noka ya Tocantins. Go na le ditlhaketlhake tse pedi gaufi le molomo wa yone, tse di bidiwang Ilha do Palheta le Atuá Island.<ref name=":0" /> Mo dintshing tsa Noka ya Atuá go na le masimo a a tletseng bojang a a nang le ditlhare dingwe tse di kwa tlase. Mebu ya tsone e na le motlhaba le letsopa, mme di nna le merwalela fela ka nako ya dipula tse dikgolo.<ref>Brabo, M.J.C. (1979). [https://repositorio.museu-goeldi.br/bitstreams/21805232-44da-4dc9-9c0c-9cb7f0482c44/download ''Os roceiros de Muaná''. Belém:] Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi.</ref> Ditiragalo tsa konokono tsa ikonomi go bapa le noka ke temothuo ya setso, go kgobokanya açaí le go tshwara ditlhapi.<ref>Silva, L.C. (2021). ''[https://repositorio.ufpa.br/items/ffaf2cc4-8111-4268-803c-32fd393f2742 Regularização fundiária em áreas de várzeas da União no Estado do Pará: população extrativista e o acesso à cidadania no município de Muaná/PA no período de 2008 a 2014]'' (Thesis). Belém: Universidade Federal do Pará.</ref> Go rulagantswe gore go agiwe kanale magareng ga Atuá le Noka ya Anajás go tlhofofatsa dipalangwa magareng ga Belém le Amapá, mme ga e ise e dirwe.<ref>[https://acervo.socioambiental.org/sites/default/files/documents/N2D00008.pdf Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (RIMA): Ligação hidroviária dos Rios Atuá e Anajás, Ilha do Marajó, PA] (PDF) (Report). Companhia Docas do Pará, Administração das Hídrovías da Amazônia Oriental. 1998</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121015114424/https://www.ahimor.gov.br/marajo/index.htm "Hidrovia do Marajó"]. ''Administração Hidroviária da Amazônia Oriental''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012.</ref> == Metswedi == kcz6i2xrp7a3i1lzjy2bllo1gwwu3sf 0 13581 50605 2026-06-13T11:52:04Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANONTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA OPA 50605 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Opa''' ke noka e kgolo kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria, e elela go ralala toropo ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. Ke noka e e tsenang mo nokeng ya Shasha mme e na le seabe se segolo mo go tsa metsi mo kgaolong eno.<ref>Adedeji, Adebukola A; Adesakin, Taiwo A; Bolawa, Oluseun P (2020). "Assessment of the Ecological Status of OPA Reservoir, ILE IFE, Nigeria Based on a Comparative Study of its Planktonic Community and Water Quality Parameters". ''Open Academic Journal of Advanced Science and Technology''. '''4''': 1–14. doi:[[doi:10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14|10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14.]] S2CID 216119337.</ref> == Thutafatshe le thutafatshe == Noka ya Opa e kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria, e elela go ralala toropo ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. E boleele jwa dikilometara di ka nna 40, e simologile kwa dithabeng tsa Ile-Ife.<ref>[[:en:Opa_River#cite_note-2|"River Opa"]]</ref>Lefelo le noka eno e leng mo go lone mo kgaolong ya boboatsatsi le ama tsela e metsi a yone a dirang ka yone. Go ya ka thutafatshe, kgaolo ya noka ya Opa e na le matlapa a a kwa tlase a a bopegileng ka dikristale, a a akaretsang granite, gneiss le schist.<ref>Ola, Anuoluwapo Victoria; Mr. Jimi Faseke (2016). [https://ttl.run.edu.ng/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=31562 ''The history of Ipetumodu from pre-colonial period to 2015''.] Ipetumodu History, Pre-colonial period, Social- Cultura Era (History and International Studies ed.). Humanities: History and International Studies</ref>Lefelo leno le le raraaneng la thutafatshe le dira gore noka eno e nne le dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa thutafatshe. Tsela e noka e tsamayang ka yone e farologana go tswa go NE-SW go ya go NW-SE, e leng se se bontshang gore go na le dilo tse di farologaneng tse di e tlhotlheletsang. Dikarolo tsa noka ya Opa di akaretsa kanale ya maemo a bone, e e nang le dinoka tsa boleele jo bo farologaneng le tse di kitlaneng. Bogolo jwa karolo ya molapo bo farologana go tswa go 0.08 km go ya go 4.33 km, go supa taolo e e okeditsweng ya go robega ga melapo go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo ga molapo. Mogote wa metsi a a elelang mo go one o kwa godimo thata, mme o kgona go fetofetoga. Tsela e noka eno e elelang ka yone e na le matlhakore a mabedi, mme dinoka tse dingwe di elela go tswa mo dithabeng tse di e dikologileng go ya kwa nokeng e kgolo. Factor ya confluence e kwa godimo go ya go e e kwa tlase, fa form factor yone e le telele, mme elongation ratio yone e kwa godimo go ya go e e kwa godimo. Dilo tseno di thusa gore noka eno e nne le metsi a mantsi. Lefelo la noka ya Opa le akaretsa mo e ka nnang lekgolo le lesome (110 km2), mme le akaretsa mafelo a bonno, dipolase tsa patlisiso le metse ya magae. Sebopego sa noka, tiriso ya lefatshe, le thutafatshe di dirisana mmogo go tlhotlheletsa boleng jwa metsi a noka, botshelo jwa mo metsing, le tikologo e e e dikologileng.<ref>Konwea, C. I.; Ajayi, O. (13 October 2022). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijs/article/view/233891 "Assessment of geomorphic and morphometry characteristics of parts of Shasha and Opa river basins in Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Southwestern Nigeria".] ''Ife International Journal of Science''. '''24''' (2): 173–188.</ref> == Maranyane a metsi == Go elela ga metsi a Noka ya Opa go farologana go ya ka dipaka, ka go elela go go kwa godimo ka dipaka tsa pula (April go ya go October) le go elela go go kwa tlase ka dipaka tsa komelelo (kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele go ya ko kgweding ya Mopitlo). Go elela go go kwa godimo go diragala ka kgwedi ya Phukwi go ya ko kgweding ya Motsheganong , fa go elela go go kwa tlase go tshegeditswe ke go tlatsa gape metsi a a kwa tlase.<ref>[https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/09/abridged_report_state_of_osun_structure_plans_project.pdf "Abridged Report: State of Osun Structure Plans Project"] (PDF). ''UN-Habitat''. September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref>Go fetofetoga gono ga metsi go na le ditlamorago tse di botlhokwa mo go laoleng metswedi ya metsi le ditikologo tsa metsi. <ref name=":0">Eludoyin, Adebayo Oluwole; Adewole, Adedayo Oreoluwa (2 July 2020). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15715124.2019.1640226 "A remote sensing-based evaluation of an ungauged drainage basin in Southwestern Nigeria".] ''International Journal of River Basin Management''. '''18''' (3): 307–319. Bibcode:2020IJRBM..18..307E. doi:10.1080/15715124.2019.1640226. ISSN 1571-5124.</ref>Boleng jwa metsi a Noka ya Opa bo tlhotlhelediwa ke mabaka a le mmalwa, go akaretsa go elela ga metsi go tswa kwa dipolaseng tsa patlisiso tse di dikologileng le kwa metseng ya selegae, ditlamorago tsa go nna mo metsesetoropong go tswa kwa toropong ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Obafemi Awolowo, le jeoloji, ka matlapa a a kwa tlase a a nang le dikristale a a dirang gore metsi a nne thata. Dintlha tse di na le seabe mo go fetoleng boleng jwa metsi, go ama botshelo jwa mo metsing le tiriso ya batho.<ref>[https://ecologicalproject.gov.ng/projects/ "Projects – Ecological Project Office"]. Retrieved 13 October 2024</ref> Noka ya Opa e lebagane le dikgwetlho tsa metsi, go akaretsa merwalela ka nako ya dipula tse di maatla, sedimentation ka ntlha ya koketsego ya morwalo wa sediment, le kgotlelo ya metsi go tswa go kgogolego ya temothuo le ya ditoropo.<ref>Aliu, Olanrewaju O.; Akindele, Emmanuel O.; Adeniyi, Israel F. (6 April 2020). [[doi:10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5|"Biological assessment of the headwater rivers of Opa Reservoir, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, using ecological methods".]] ''The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology''. '''81''' (1): 11. Bibcode:2020JBAZ...81...11A. doi:10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5. ISSN 2090-990X.</ref> == Letsha la Opa == Opa Reservoir ke metsi a a dirilweng ke motho a a leng mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo kwa Ile-Ife, kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria. E ne ya agiwa ka ngwaga wa 1978, mme ke yone e e dirisang metsi thata mo yunibesithing. Matshwao a mmele wa letamo a akaretsa boleele jwa 2,5 km, bophara jwa 0,8 km, le lefelo la go gelela metsi a a ka nnang 110 km2.<ref>Adesakin, Ta; Adedeji, Aa; Taiwo, Yf (15 December 2016). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2989/16085914.2016.1246355 "Temporal and spatial fluctuations of heavy metals in Opa Reservoir, Ile-Ife, Nigeria".] ''African Journal of Aquatic Science''. '''41''' (4): 435–443. Bibcode:2016AfJAS..41..435A. doi:10.2989/16085914.2016.1246355. ISSN 1608-5914.</ref>Lefelo leno le le atolositsweng le akaretsa University Research Farm, Residential Quarters, Central Campus, Ile-Ife, le metse ya magae e e mo tikologong.<ref>Adedeji, Adebukola Adenike; Bolawa, Oluseun P.; Taiwo, Yetunde F. (29 June 2018). [https://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/article/view/10248 "Ecological Status of Opa Reservoir, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, based on the Abundance and Diversity of its Planktonic Flora".] ''Notulae Scientia Biologicae''. '''10''' (2): 287–296. doi:10.15835/nsb10210248. ISSN 2067-3264.</ref>Kwa tshimologong e ne e diretswe go tlamela yunibesiti ka metsi a a ka ikanngwang, mme fa dingwaga di ntse di feta, letamo leno le ile la fetoga thata. <ref name=":1">Adedeji, Adebukola A.; Adesakin, Taiwo A.; Bolawa, Oluseun P. (2020). [https://onlineacademicpress.com/index.php/OAJAST/article/view/211/601 "Assessment of the Ecological Status of OPA Reservoir, ILE IFE, Nigeria Based on a Comparative Study of its Planktonic Community and Water Quality Parameters".] ''Open Academic Journal of Advanced Science and Technology''. '''4''' (1): 1–14. doi:10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14. ISSN 2577-7807.</ref>Go golaganngwa ka tlhamalalo ga dinokana le melatswana ya ditoropo le letamo leno go dirile gore go nne le go koelana ga seretse go go feteletseng, mme seno se koafaditse bokgoni jwa lone jwa go boloka metsi. Se se tlhodile ditlamorago tse di farologaneng tsa tikologo, go akaretsa go fetoga ga maatla a metsi, go fokotsega ga boleng jwa metsi, le go ama botshelo jwa metsi. <ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.aujet.adelekeuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/aujet/article/download/191/132 "Download of AUJET Article"]. ''Adeleke University Journal of Education and Technology (AUJET)''. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref> Go tsibogela merwalela e e maswe ya kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2011, puso ya Osun State e ne ya simolola porojeke e kgolo ya go baakanya. Dikanala tsa Noka ya Ogbe Esimirin, e leng nngwe ya melatswana e megolo ya Noka ya Opa, di ne tsa phepafadiwa, tsa atolosiwa, mme tsa epelwa go fitlha kwa molelwaneng wa yunibesithi. Le fa gone porojeke eno e ne e diretswe go fokotsa merwalela, e ne ya dira gore go nne le seretse mme ya kgoreletsa go elela ga Noka ya Opa fa e elela.<ref name=":1" /> == Botlhokwa le go somarelwa == Botlhokwa le go somarelwa Noka ya Opa le Letamo di na le seabe sa botlhokwa mo go bopeng dikarolo tsa metsi tsa khamphase ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. Noka ya Opa e na le seabe sa botlhokwa mo tikologong, mo loagong le mo ikonoming ya batho ba ba nnang gaufi le yone. Botlhokwa jwa yone bo akaretsa go tlamela metsi a a nowang mo mafelong a bonno, temothuo le madirelo, go tshegetsa nosetso ya dijalo le leruo, le go thusa mo tshireletsong ya dijo.<ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/07/securing-a-sustainable-future-protecting-opa-dam-the-lifeline-of-obafemi-awolowo-university-and-beyond "Securing a Sustainable Future: Protecting Opa Dam, the Lifeline of Obafemi Awolowo University and Beyond".] ''Vanguard''. Lagos, Nigeria. July 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, noka eno e dira gore go nne le mefutafuta ya ditshedi, e laola modikologo wa metsi e bile e fokotsa go fetoga ga tlelaemete, e leng se se dirang gore go nne le ditshono tsa go tshwara ditlhapi le go dira gore go nne le bojanala jwa tlholego. Gape e na le botlhokwa jwa semoya le jwa setso mo bathong ba lefelo leo. Ditirelo tsa thulaganyo ya ikholoji ya noka eno di botlhokwa thata gore tikologo e nne e lekalekane. Le fa go ntse jalo, Noka ya Opa e lebane le matshosetsi a le mantsi, go akaretsa go rengwa ga dikgwa le go senyega ga mmu, kgotlelo e e bakwang ke go elela ga metsi go tswa mo temothuong le matlakala a madirelo, go fetoga ga tlelaemete le go fetofetoga ga tlelaemete, go dirisiwa thata ga metswedi ya metsi le go sa laolwe sentle ga matlakala. Matshosetsi ano a tlhoka maiteko a tshoganyetso a tshomarelo go tlhomamisa gore noka e tswelele pele ka lobaka lo loleele.<ref>Oginni, F.; Ojoawo, S. O. (2014). "Assessment of sanitation levels of sources of water in Osun State Capital, Nigeria". ''International Journal of Water and Sanitation''. '''XX''' (YY): ZZ–ZZ. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131587528 131587528.]</ref> == Metswedi == 8h0a09htpckbyigmbgj8zic57gpc4j8