Wikipedia tnwiki https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsebe_ya_konokono MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter Pego Faphegileng Puisano Modirisi Puisano ya modirisi Wikipedia Puisano ya Wikipedia Setshwantsho Puisano ya setshwantsho MediaWiki Puisano ya MediaWiki Tempolete Puisano ya tempolete Thuso Puisano ya thuso Karolo Puisano ya karolo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3082 51067 45750 2026-06-19T13:07:48Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Botswana Place|image=Closeup View of Botswana 50years of independence commemorative plaque in Mathangwane.jpeg|BotswanaMap={{Location map|Botswana |width = 240 |float = none |lat_deg = -20.99 |lon_deg = 27.33 }}|Population=5918 (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Population of Cities, Towns and Districts|url=https://www.statsbots.org.bw/population-and-housing-census-2022-population-cities-towns-and-districts|website=Statistics Botswana|access-date=2022-06-07|date=2022-06-10}}</ref>|District=Central}} '''Mathangwane''' ke motse wa [[Botswana]] o o fitlhelwang mo kgaolong ya legare, o tsamaisiwa ke kgaolo-potlana ya khansele ya Tutume.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tutume Sub Council Members |url=https://tutume.cdc.gov.bw/index.php/about/council-members |access-date=2025-10-08 |archive-date=2020-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929155927/http://tutume.cdc.gov.bw/index.php/about/council-members |url-status=dead }}</ref> Motse o o ka nna dikhilomithara di le masome a mabedi le botlhano kwa bophirima jwa [[Francistown]] go bapa le [[tsela e kgolo ya A3]], o mo kgolaganong ya dinoka tsa [[Noka ya Shashe|Shashe]] le [[Vukwi]]. E fitlhelwa thata mo lotshitshing lwa molema lwa noka ya Shashe. Go ya ka Palo ya Batho le Matlo ya 2011, Mathangwane o ne a na le baagi ba le 5,075.<ref>[http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20_Population%20of%20Villages.pdf 2011 Alphabetical Index of Villages] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923212014/http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/2011%20Census%20_Alphabetical%20Index%20_Population%20of%20Villages.pdf Archived] 23 September 2015 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], [http://www.cso.gov.bw/ Central Statistics Office]</ref> Motse ono o tlhaolwa ke mekgatšha ya one e mentsi ya dinoka, e e bopilweng thata ke [[melatswana]] ya [[Noka ya Shashe]]. Mekgatšha eno ka tlwaelo e dira jaaka [[melelwane]] ya tlholego ya dikgotlana tsa motse, tse mo lefelong la bone di bidiwang ''[[Kgotla|dikgotlana]]''. == Ditso == [[Setshwantsho:Shashe River Crossing Bridge in Mathangwane.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Borogo jwa tsela e kgolo ya A3 jwa mela e mebedi jwa tsela e le nngwe ya dikoloi tsa Shashe River Crossing kwa Mathangwane jo bo agilweng mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990 bo ne jwa fedisa dikotsi tsa dikoloi tse pele di neng gotwe ke tsa meya e e bosula .]] [[Motse]] o go tswa mo ditsong ke bonno jwa [[morafe wa kalanga]] mme ka setso o laolwa ke [[She]] Itekeng Mongwaketsi Mathangwane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110831041314/http://thuto.info/blog/?p=355 "Botswana Donor : Kgosi (Chief) Itekeng Mathangwane ~ A Gift of Land"]. Archived from [http://thuto.info/blog/?p=355 the original] on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2008, go ne ga itsisiwe dithulaganyo tsa go gopola [[dingwaga di le lekgolo]] tsa motse o, le fa dintlha tsa meletlo e di sa ntse di sa tlhaloganyesege sentle.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=43&dir=2008/April/Monday14/ Mathangwane Hits Centenary Mark], [http://www.mmegi.bw/ Mmegi Online]</ref> === Ditiragalo tsa bofelo jwa lekgolo la bo masome mabedi la dingwaga === Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, borogo jo bo tshesane jwa ntlha jo bo neng bo feta [[Noka ya Shashe]]—e e neng e le kgolagano e e botlhokwa le [[Francistown]]—bo ne jwa itsege thata ka dikotsi tse di neng di diragala gangwe le gape. Ditumelabotlhodi ka ga moya o o bosula o o tlhorontshang borogo jono di ne tsa anama thata go fitlha bo emisediwa ka jone mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990. Borogo jo bosha jo bo nang le mela e mebedi bo ne jwa tokafatsa pabalesego thata, jwa emisa mokgwa o o sa bolong go nna teng wa dikotsi. === Kgolo ya baagi le diphetogo tsa lefatshe === Morago ga go tlhomiwa ga Francistown jaaka toropo ka 1997 le mathata a [[itsholelo]] le a [[sepolotiki]] a [[Zimbabwe]], Mathangwane e ne ya itemogela [[kgolo]] e e bonako ya baagi. Bafaladi ba ne ba akaretsa baagi ba Botswana go tswa kwa merafeng e mengwe ba ba neng ba batla matlo a a rekegang gaufi le Francistown le batshabi ba Zimbabwe ba ba neng ba tshaba pogiso. Go tsena moo go ne ga dira gore puso e abele gape dikarolo tsa lefatshe la temothuo la baagi [[ba tlholego]] gore le dirisiwe ke batho ba ba sa tswang go goroga, mme seo sa tsosa dikgotlhang tsa selegae.<ref>[http://www.bedia.co.bw/article.php?id_mnu=62 Available Land in Botswana] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162745/http://www.bedia.co.bw/article.php?id_mnu=62 Archived] 6 July 2011 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> === Go rulaganngwa sesha ga dipolotiki === Ka 2003, Mathangwane e ne ya nna [[ntlokgolo]] ya Kgaolo ya botlhophi e e neng e sa tswa go tlhamiwa ya '''''Tonota-Bokone''''' morago ga gore dikgaolo tsa botlhophi tsa palamente tsa Botswana di atologe go tswa go masome mane go ya go masome matlhano le bosupa.<ref>[http://www.parliament.gov.bw/pgcontent.php?UID=603 History of the Parliament] [https://web.archive.org/web/20101013172659/http://www.parliament.gov.bw/pgcontent.php?UID=603 Archived] 13 October 2010 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20090628185105/http://www.parliament.gov.bw/ Parliament of Botswana]</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga dikopano tse di neng di gotetse tsa [[Kgotla]] (kopano ya setso ya setšhaba), banni ba ne ba gana leina la "Tonota-Bokone" jaaka le sa tsamaisane le setso. Moragonyana kgaolo ya botlhophi e ne ya bidiwa '''''Shashe-Bophirima''''' go supa boitshupo jwa selegae.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=507&dir=2012%2FAugust%2FWednesday15&fb_comment_id=10151374219919498_31100874 Villagers request name changed]</ref> == Seemo sa Loapi == === Moalo wa Seemo sa Loapi === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" ! colspan="14" |Tshedimosetso ya Seemo sa Loapi ya Mathangwane |- !Kgwedi !Fir !Tlh !Mop !Mor !Mot !See !Phu !Pha !Lwe !Pha !Ngw !Mor !Ngwaga |- !Rekote e e kwa godimo °C (°F) |30.1 (86.2) |29.4 (84.9) |29.1 (84.4) |27.4 (81.3) |25.3 (77.5) |22.3 (72.1) |22.7 (72.9) |25.4 (77.7) |29 (84) |31.5 (88.7) |30.8 (87.4) |29.7 (85.5) |27.73 (81.91) |- !Mean daily maximum °C (°F) |24.1 (75.4) |23.5 (74.3) |22.7 (72.9) |20.5 (68.9) |16.9 (62.4) |13.9 (57.0) |14.2 (57.6) |16.8 (62.2) |20.7 (69.3) |24 (75) |24.3 (75.7) |23.9 (75.0) |20.46 (68.83) |- !Mean daily minimum °C (°F) |18.2 (64.8) |17.7 (63.9) |16.4 (61.5) |13.6 (56.5) |8.6 (47.5) |5.6 (42.1) |5.7 (42.3) |8.2 (46.8) |12.4 (54.3) |16.5 (61.7) |17.9 (64.2) |18.1 (64.6) |13.24 (55.83) |- !Average precipitation mm (inches) |102 (4.0) |91 (3.6) |49 (1.9) |27 (1.1) |5 (0.2) |2 (0.1) |0 (0) |1 (0.0) |8 (0.3) |26 (1.0) |66 (2.6) |90 (3.5) |467 (18.4) |- !Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) |10 |7 |5 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |1 |3 |7 |9 |44 |- !Average relative humidity (%) |60 |60 |60 |51 |48 |49 |45 |38 |32 |34 |43 |52 |48 |- | colspan="14" |Motswedi: [[Climate-Data.org]],<ref>"[https://en.climate-data.org/africa/botswana/central-district/mathangwane-922557/#climate-table Climate data for cities worldwide]". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> '''Mathangwane''' e itemogetse mogote o o kwa godimo ya rekoto ka Firikgong 2016<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201601112526.html "Botswana: Heat Wave Breaks Maximum Temperature Records".]</ref> |} '''Setsuatsue sa Dineo (2017)''' Ka Tlhakole 2017, [[Setsuatsue sa Dineo|Setsuatsue]] [[Setsuatsue sa Dineo|sa Dineo]] se ne sa baka merwalela e e masisi kwa Mathangwane le mafelo a a mabapi.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=66642&dir=2017/february/15 Cyclone Dineo to trigger weekend downpours]</ref> Sefefo seo se sentse thata [[tsela e kgolo ya A3]] e e fa gare ga [[Francistown]] le [[Sebina]] [[Junction]], ga mmogo le dikarolo tse di kwa [[bokone]] jwa [[motse]] go tswa kwa [[Nata]] go ya kwa [[Gweta]]. Go tswalwa ga ditsela ka nakwana go ne ga tsenngwa tirisong ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a pabalesego, go kgoreletsa pharakano ya kgaolo.<ref>[http://www.botswanaguardian.co.bw/news/item/2381-a3-road-along-nata-village-damaged-in-the-wake-of-flash-floods.html A3 road along Nata village damaged in the wake of flash floods]</ref> Go diega ga dipaakanyo ke [[Lephata la Dipalamo le Ditlhaeletsano]] go dirile gore go nne le maemo a a kotsi mo ditseleng, mme seo sa dira gore dikotsi tsa dikoloi tse di bolayang batho di oketsege gaufi le Mathangwane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190429073029/https://thevoicebw.com/fatal-car-crash-a3-highway/ Fatal car crash on A3 highway].</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=69384&dir=2017/june/08 Cyclone Dineo leaves P572m bill for roads].</ref> == Ditlamelo == === Dikolo === Mathangwane o na le [[dikolo tse dipotlana]] di le pedi (''Sekolo se se botlana sa Mathangwane'' le ''se se botlana sa Mpatane''), [[sekolo se segolwane]] se le sengwe (''[[Sekole se segolwane sa Chamabona]]'') le mafelo a mabedi a go tlhokomela bana motshegare. Sekolo se segolwane, se kwa tshimologong se neng se bidiwa ''Chamabona Community Junior Secondary School'', se ne sa tsenngwa ka botlalo mo thulaganyong ya thuto ya puso mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000. Fa ba sena go wetsa ditlhatlhobo tsa setlankana se sebotlana, baithuti ka tlwaelo ba ikwadisa kwa [[dikolong tse dikgolwane]] tse di mo mafelong a a mabapi, go akaretsa le ''Sekolo sa Noka ya Shashe'', ''[[MsterSpei College|Kholetšhe ya Mater Spei]]'', ''[[Kholetšhe ya Baagi ya Tutume McConnell]]'', kgotsa ''[[Sekolo se Segolwane sa Masunga]]''. Phitlhelelo e e lekanyeditsweng ya thuto e kgolwane ya selegae go tswa mo ditsong go beile kgatelelo ya itsholelo mo malwapeng a letseno le le kwa tlase, mme seo se dirile gore go nne le dikelo tse di kwa godimo tsa go tlogela sekolo le go sa dire sentle mo ditlhatlhobong tsa Mophatlo wa Botlhano. === Ditsela === [[Tsela e kgolo ya A3]] e feta mo motseng, mme ditsela tsotlhe tse di mo teng ga di a tsenngwa sekontiri mme gantsi ga di tsamaege ka nako ya dipula tse di maatla. Mekgatšha ya dinoka e e sa tsenngwang borogo e gakatsa dikgwetlho tsa go tsamaya ka dipaka tsa dipula ka ntlha ya [[morwalela]] wa tshoganyetso. Ka 2007, go ne ga itsisiwe maano a ''Mmandunyane-[[Shashe-Mooke|Shashe Mooke]]-[[Borolong]]-Chadibe-'''Mathangwane''''' a a boleele jwa dikilometara di le 70 ), a a neng a ikaeletse go tokafatsa mafaratlhatlha a selegae.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120315024607/http://www.cdc.gov.bw/On%20going%20%20projets.pdf "Central District Council Projects"] (PDF). Archived from [https://www.cdc.gov.bw/On%20going%20%20projets.pdf the original] (PDF) on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> Arup Botswana e ne ya newa konteraka ya porojeke eno, mme kago e ne ya emisiwa go ya go ile ka ntlha ya mathata a kabo ya madi ka nako ya [[mathata a madi a 2008]].<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200903100099.html Central District Council Prioritises Projects]</ref> === Lefelo la bookelo === Lefelo le le nosi la tlhokomelo ya botsogo la motse ke Kokelwana ya Mathangwane, e e nang le baoki ba kakaretso le ngaka ya kalafi ya nakwana. Fa e sale ka 2000, ditlhabololo di akareditse phaposi ya pelegi le kharabene e e tsamayang e e dirang jaaka Voluntary [[HIV]] Counselling and Testing (VCT).<ref>[http://www.avert.org/aids-botswana.htm HIV and AIDS in Botswana]</ref> Lenaneo la bosetšhaba la HIV/AIDS la Botswana, le le akgolwang ke [[Lekgotla la Lefatshe la Botsogo]] ka ntlha ya go tsenngwa mo tirisong ga lone ga kalafi ya antiretroviral ka bontsi, le tshegetsa letsholo leno.<ref>[https://www.who.int/3by5/support/june2005_bwa.pdf WHO estimate of number of people requiring treatment in Botswana]</ref> Balwetse ba ba lwalang thata ba romelwa kwa kokelong ya Nyangabwe Referral (Francistown), fa dikgang tse di masisi [[tsa tlhaloganyo]] di fetisediwa kwa kokelong ya Jubilee. === Metsi a a nowang === Mathangwane e ne ya golaganngwa le tlamelo ya metsi ya [[Letamo la Shashe]] ka 2001, mme seno sa dira gore go tlhabololwe lefelo la go phepafatsa la letamo go fitlhelela tlhokego.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120803201042/http://www.eepublishers.co.za/view.php?sid=14216 Water treatment plant upgrade]</ref> Pele ga 2010, ditirelo tsa metsi di ne di tsamaisiwa ka [[Tutume]] (75 km go tswa foo). Fa e sale [[Koporasi ya Ditirelo tsa Metsi|Koporasi ya Ditirelo tsa Metsi (WUC)]], e tsaya taolo ka fa tlase ga Lenaneo la Diphetogo tsa Lekala la Metsi, lefelo la selegae la tirelo ya bareki la WUC le ntse le dira mo motseng. === Dikgwetlho === * Ditirelo tse di sa phatlaladitsweng: Baagi ba fitlhelela mananeo a puso kwa ditoropong tse di kgakala (sekai, [[Francistown]], [[Tonota]], [[Tutume]]), mme seno se fokotsa go tsaya karolo. * '''Komiti ya Tlhabololo ya Motse (VDC) e e sa direng sentle''': Go farologana le metse e e bapisiwang, Mathangwane e tlhaela diporojeke tsa baagi (sekai, ditale tse di hirisiwang, holo ya baagi) ka ntlha ya go tsenngwa ga VDC mo dipolotiking. Gantsi baithaopi ba baya dikeletso tsa bone tsa sepolotiki kwa pele ga maiteko a tlhabololo. == Dipalopalo == === Popego ya baagi === Mathangwane o kgaogantswe ka dikgotlana tsa morafe (''dikgotlana''), nngwe le nngwe e laolwa ke kgosi e potlana (''Kgosana''). Dikgotla tsa motheo di akaretsa: * '''Mathangwane''' (kgotla e kgolo), * '''Mpatane''', * '''Nkuelegwa''', * '''Mashungwa''', * '''Matshegong/Mathiwa''' (e e bidiwang Palamakuwe ka puo ya tlwaelo, leina la botsalano le le tswang mo go itsegeng ga kgotla ka dikokoano tse di matlhagatlhaga tsa loago mo masimologong a bo1980). Go ne ga tlhagelela dikgotlana tse dingwe fa motse o ntse o atologa. Go fitlha kwa tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo 2000, Hobona—bonno jo bo dikhilomitara di le lesome kwa bophirima jwa Mathangwane go bapa le tsela ya Francistown-Nata—o ne o dira jaaka nngwe ya ''dikgotlana'' tsa bogologolo, go ya ka ditso e ne e eteletswe pele ke ''Kgosana'' Seitshwenyeng Hobona. === Mealo ya bonno ya setso === Go ka direga gore bonno kwa Mathangwane bo tlhabologile ka ntlha ya go fitlhelela metsi a a sa feleng go tswa kwa dinokeng tsa [[Noka ya Shashe|Shashe]] le Vukwi. Kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la bomasome mabedi la dingwaga, motse ono o ne o aname go bapa le mabopo a noka a a kwa bokone le a a kwa borwa, mme go na le ditsha tsa temothuo tsa dipaka tse di rileng kwa bophirima. Lotshitshi lwa botlhaba lwa noka ya Shashe le wela mo kgaolong ya Bokone Botlhaba mme lo tserwe thata ke dipolase tsa kgwebo le dipolase tse di tsamaisiwang go tswa kwa [[Masunga]]. Kgolo ya baagi le diporojeke tsa go aga metsi tse di neng di eteletswe pele ke puso ka dingwaga tsa bo 2000 di ne tsa tlhotlheletsa kabo ya lefatshe la bonno mo mafelong a bophirima a a neng a dirisiwa pele ke balemibarui ba selegae ba ba itshedisang. Lefelo le le ne la itsege ka tsela e e sa rulaganngwang jaaka ''New Xadi'', e leng tshupiso ya mananeo a puso ya Botswana a go fudusetsa merafe ya San e e neng e fudusitswe kwa [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement by Ditshwanelo - The Botswana Centre For Human Rights |url=http://www.ditshwanelo.org.bw/images/African%20Commission%20Statement%20by%20DITSHWANELO.pdf |access-date=2025-10-08 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305093131/http://www.ditshwanelo.org.bw/images/African%20Commission%20Statement%20by%20DITSHWANELO.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Dipolotiki == === Tshekatsheko ya ditso === Lekoko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) le ntse le laola ditlhopho tsa [[puso ya selegae]] ya Mathangwane fa e sale Botswana e bona [[boipuso ka 1965]], mme la tlhoma motse ono jaaka kago ya phemelo ya BDP. Mfi Chite, o simolotse tiro ka Phalane 1974 morago ga [[paakanyo ya molaomotheo ya 1972]] e e neng ya kopanya ''[[Borolong]]'', ''Chadibe'', ''Makobo, Mathangwane'', ''[[Natale]]'', le ''[[Shashe-Mooke|Shashe Mooke]]'' go nna kgotla e le nngwe ya puso ya selegae, e e kgaoganeng le [[Tonota]]. Setlhopha se se ne sa phatlaladiwa ka bontlhabongwe ka 1982, mme ''Borolong, [[Natale]] le Shashemoke'' tsa tlosiwa go bopa dikgotla tse di farologaneng. Mfi Chite o ne a nna le setilo sa BDP ka [[ditlhopho tsa kakaretso]] tsa 1979 le 1984 pele ga a tlogela tiro ka 1989. Motlhatlhami wa gagwe, Mfi Rabeka Hulela, o ne a direla go fitlha a tlhokafala ka 1998, morago ga moo ba setilo se ne sa nna se sena ope go fitlha Mfi Tabona Munyadzwe ([[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]]) a fenya [[ditlhopho tsa 1999]]. Ka 2000, Ookame Ntobedzi ([[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]]) o ne a bona kgotlana mo [[ditlhophong tsa tlaleletso]] morago ga loso lwa ga Munyadzwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070612030713/http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20000825 "Mathangwane bye-election on Saturday (August 26, 2000)"]. from the original on 11 March 2002. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> Tlhabololo ya molaotheo ya 2003 e ne ya kgaoganya Mathangwane go nna '''''Mathangwane Bokone''''' le '''''Mathangwane Borwa'''''. [[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] e ne ya nna le manno ka bobedi mo [[ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2004]], mme Ntobedzi a ne a emetse kgaolo ya borwa mme Mfi Gilbert Nkhukhu e le kgaolo ya bokone. Morago ga loso lwa ga Nkhukhu ka 2007, Ipuseng Chikanda ([[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]]) o ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa tlaleletso tsa Mathangwane Bokone, a tsweledisa taolo ya lekoko.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=103&dir=2007/March/Tuesday6 Why opposition parties lost Mathangwane]</ref> === Diphetogo tsa ditlhopho (2009–2010) === Ditlhopho tsa setshaba tsa 2009 di ne tsa tshwaya phetogo e e sa tlwaelegang fa lekoko la [[Botswana Congress Party (BCP)]] le ne la tsaya dikgotla tseo ka bobedi. Kwa Mathangwane Borwa, James Dlamini ([[BCP]]) o ne a fenya Ntobedzi, fa Kenosi Mabalane ([[BCP]]) a ne a ntsha Chikanda mo setilong kwa Mathangwane Bokone. Tatlhegelo eno e e neng e ise e ko e nne teng ya [[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] e ne ya dira gore kganetso e latofatse ka tiriso e e sa siamang ya ditsompelo tsa puso ka nako ya ditlhopho tsa tlaleletso tsa palamente tsa Tonota-North tsa 2010, tse BDP e neng ya feleletsa e di fentse.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=3704&dir=2010/July/Friday23 Tonota-North has been regarded as a safe haven for the ruling party]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101222121950/http://gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7475%3Amolao-wins-tonota-north&catid=19%3Anorthcast&Itemid=2 "Molao wins Tonota-North"]. Archived from [http://gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7475:molao-wins-tonota-north&catid=19:northcast&Itemid=2 the original] on 22 December 2010. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=4649&dir=2010/September/Monday6 The Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) has retained the Tonota North parliamentary seat]</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=6&aid=4484&dir=2010/August/Monday30 Hobona has a chance in Tonota North]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110711081001/http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6867:bnf-supports-bcp-at-tonota-north&catid=19:northcast&Itemid=2 "BNF supports BCP at Tonota-North"]. Archived from [http://www.gazettebw.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6867:bnf-supports-bcp-at-tonota-north&catid=19:northcast&Itemid=2 the original] on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> === Go boa ga BDP (2014–2019) === Ka 2014, melelwane ya dikgaolotlhopho e ne ya baakanngwa: '''''Tonota Bokone''''' e ne ya bidiwa '''''Shashe-Bophirima''''', mme dikgotla tse pedi tsa Mathangwane di ne tsa kopana go nna selo se le sengwe ('''''Kgotla ya Mathangwane''''') morago ga go tlosa Chadibe le Hobona. BDP e ne ya bona taolo gape mo [[ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2014]], ka nako ya fa Nehemiah Gerald Hulela a ne a fenya Mabalane. Loso lwa ga Hulela ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le botlhano 2018 lo ne lwa tlogela kgotla esena moemedi go fitlha ka ditlhopho tsa 2019, mme seno sa boeletsa phatlha e e tshwanang ya morago ga loso lwa ga Mfi Hulela ka 1998.<ref>[http://www.electionsbotswana.org/constituency/shashe%20west/ Shashe-West Constituency Representatives]</ref><ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=62504&dir=2016/august/23 The 2019 Botswana general elections, early arrival!]</ref> jaaka ka 1998. === Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2019 === Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2019, mopalamente wa BDP Hon. Fidelis MacDonald Molao o itsisitse go tsosolosiwa ga Tsela ya Mmandunyane-Shashe Mooke-Borolong-Chadibe-Mathangwane e e neng e eme tsi, e atolositswe go nna dikhilomithara di le 82 mme e golagane le Makobo le [[Natale]]. Puso e ne ya baakanya lebaka la yone la go diega, e umaka go fudusiwa ga magae go na le [[mathata a matlole a 2008]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180815112621/https://thevoicebw.com/mandunyane-mathangwane-road-to-cost-p750-million/ Mandunyane-Mathangwane road to cost P750 million]</ref> Baithaopi ba babedi ba pele ba Komiti ya Tlhabololo ya Motse (VDC) ba ne ba gaisana mo setilong sa kgotlana ka fa tlase ga [[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] le [[Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC)]], se se supang go tsenngwa ga komiti mo dipolotiking. === Maduo a ditlhopho tsa 2019 === BDP e ne ya tsaya gape Kgotla ya Mathangwane, mme Hon. Samora Gabaake o bone ditalama di le 1 250 kgatlhanong le Thabani Modisaotsile wa UDC (ditalama di le 1 022).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana 2019 General Elections REPORT - ''Document Page Number 57'' |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |access-date=2025-10-08 |archive-date=2024-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lekoko leo gape le ne la nna le setilo sa palamente ya Shashe-West, ka gonne Molao o ne a gapa ditalama di le 7 181, a feta Alfred Alfa Mashungwa wa UDC (ditalama di le 5 911), Gaorewe Keagile wa [[Alliance for Progressives]] (ditalama di le 608), le Blackie Master wa [[Botswana Patriotic Front]] (ditalama di le 483).<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/news/triumphant-molao-decries-loss-of-3-wards/news Triumphant Molao Decries Loss of 3 Wards]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Botswana 2019 General Elections REPORT - ''Document Page Number 40'' |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |access-date=2025-10-08 |archive-date=2024-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Madirelo == === Temo le leruo === Itsholelo ya Mathangwane e ikaegile ka temothuo, mme mafelo a a mabapi a tletse ka temo ya dijalo le thuo ya dikgomo. Dipolase tse dinnye tsa dikoko le merogo di tlamela ka dikungo kwa Francistown le kwa mebarakeng ya selegae. === Kgwebo le ditirelo === Mathangwane o tlhoka lefelo le legolo la mabenkele mme o amogela setlhopha sa dikgwebo tse di sa tlhomamang go bapa le tsela ya Francistown–Nata. A akaretsa mabenkele a a rekisang diaparo, dijo tse di apewang ka bonako, bojalwa, dilo tsa go aga le dikarolo tsa dikoloi. Disalon tsa moriri tsa dipaka, tse di dirang ka ditaele tsa moriri tse di nang le popego ya Afro, di atlega ka dinako tsa meletlo. Lekala le lennye mme le tlhomame le akaretsa dikgwebo tsa go bopa ditena tse di tlhagisang ditena tse di gateletsweng ka konkoreite go aga matlo. Ditirelo tsa kgwebo jaaka go dira ditshipi, go tsenya diphaephe, go aga ditena, le go tsenya motlakase di tlamelwa ke badiri ba ba ikemetseng ba ba dirang mo teng ga lekala le le sa tlhomamang. === Thekiso ya matlo le kago === Go nna gaufi le Francistown go dirile gore go batlwe matlo, ka go tla ga badiri ba toropo ba ba batlang matlo a go hirisa kgotsa go reka lefatshe. Se se dirile gore boleng jwa dithoto bo tlhatloge ka bonako mo motseng. Le fa go ntse jalo, kgolo mo go tlhameng ditiro semmuso e sa ntse e le kwa tlase. === Dikgwetlho === Dieelo tse di kwa godimo tsa bosenyi di kgoreleditse bonno jwa leruri le go kgoreletsa tlhabololo ya dikgwebopotlana, go kgoreletsa pharologano e e anameng ya itsholelo.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=7&dir=2009/January/Thursday29 Choppers will boost war on crime - Tsimako]</ref> == Metshameko == === Kgwele ya dinao === [[Kgwele ya dinao]] ke [[motshameko]] o o tumileng thata mo Mathangwane. Motse o tshwara Kgaisano ya Kgwele ya Dinao ya Moletlo wa Mathangwane ngwaga le ngwaga, e e simololang ka Sedimonthole a le masome mabedi le botlhano ka metshameko ya ditlhopha e e simololang.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=65606&dir=2016/december/22 Festive soccer spectacles return bigger]</ref> Kgaisano eno e na le [[ditlhopha tse pedi]] tsa ditlhopha di le tlhano tse di gaisanang ka mokgwa wa tikologo, o mo go one setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se rulaganyeditsweng go ya kwa setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se tshamekang metshameko e le mene mo teng ga setlhopha sa sone. Ditlhopha di bona dintlha di le tharo fa di fenya, e le nngwe fa di tshameka maleka, mme ga di bone epe fa di latlhegetswe. Ditlhopha tse pedi tse di kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhopheng sengwe le sengwe di tswelela kwa kgatong ya go kgaola, e e tshwarwang ka [[Letsatsi la Ngwaga o Mosha]]. Kgato ya go kgaola e akaretsa di-semi-final (bafenyi ba setlhopha kgatlhanong le bafenyi ba maemo a bobedi), playoff ya maemo a boraro (e e dirang jaaka curtain-raiser, le makgaolakgang go tlhomamisa [[mmampodi]]. === Ketleetso le dietsele === [[Dikgwebo]] tsa selegae le [[batho ka bongwe]] ba tshegetsa kgaisano eno ka madi, ba ntsha madi a moputso wa diphitlhelelo tse di jaaka "Monosi wa dino yo o Kwa Godimo" le "Motshameki wa Kgaisano." Ditlhopha tse tharo tse di kwa godimo di newa dietsele (tsa gauta, tsa selefera le tsa boronse), fa tse di leng bommampodi tsone di nna le [[sekgele]] go fitlha ka kgaisano e e latelang. === Dithulaganyo le matlole === Babogedi ba duela madi a go tsena, mme [[barekisi]] ba duela madi a mantsi. Madi a akaretsa dituelo tsa [[molaolamotshameko]], tshireletso ya letsatsi la bofelo, le dithulaganyo. Ka nako ya dikgato tsa setlhopha, tshireletso e laolwa ke baemedi ba setlhopha. Metshameko e tshwarelwa mo lebaleng le le lengwe la go tshameka, ka palogare ya metshameko e le mene letsatsi le letsatsi ka go ikhutsa ga nakwana, mme e konelwa kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga. == Boipuso jwa Botswana jwa Dingwaga di le masome a matlhano == Mathangwane o ne a keteka ngwaga wa bo masome matlhano wa boipuso jwa Botswana ka Lwetse a le masome mararo 2016, mmogo le metse lefatshe ka bophara.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161006052412/http://www.botswanaembassy.org/page/history-of-democracy-in-botswana "History of democracy in Botswana"]. Archived from [http://www.botswanaembassy.org/page/history-of-democracy-in-botswana the original] on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 8 Phalane 2025.</ref> Go ne ga tshwarelwa meletlo kwa ''Kgotleng e Kgolo'', kwa go neng ga bulwa letlapa la segopotso gaufi le lefelo leo. Tiragalo eno e ne e na le dipontsho tsa dikereke tsa lefelo leo, ditlhopha tsa mebino ya setso, le bagolwane ba motse ba ba emetseng kgotlana nngwe le nngwe, ba ba neng ba ntsha ba ba neng ba le teng ka dipina, mebino le maboko bodutu. Tiragalo e e ne e le la ntlha mo ditsong tsa bosheng gore ''Kgotlakgolo'' e fitlhelele bokgoni jo bo tletseng, mme ya ngoka batho ba bantsi ba ba sa tlwaelesegang go tswa mo basheng le bagolwane. == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Itsholelo ya Botswana]] * [[Thuto mo Botswana]] * [[Botsogo mo Botswana]] * [[Ditshwanelo tsa Setho mo Botswana]] == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Botswana]] sbtgbb4gnycqh0m2ui4d1g2xhqnv4un 0 4682 51066 24341 2026-06-19T13:03:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 13 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51066 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of the North West with Moretele highlighted (2011).svg|right|300px|thumb|Location of Moretele in the North West.]] '''Moretele''' ke masepala wa selegae wa [[Bojanala Platinum District Municipality|Bojanala Platinum District]], [[Bokone Bophirima]], [[Aferika Borwa]]. Kgaolo yotlhe ya Moretele e na le batho ba ba ka nnang 180,000. Motse-kgolo ya Masepala sa Moretele ke Makapanstad. == Mafelo Magolwane == Palo ya batho ya 2011 e arogantse masepala o jaana: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Place ! Code ! Area (km²) ! Population ! Most spoken language |- | Agisaneng | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127182051/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60101 60101] |9.42 |120 |Northern Sotho |- | Amandebele A Lebelo | [http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60102 60102] |4.99 |154 |[[Setswana]] |- | Bahwaduba | [http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60103 60103] |180.68 |32,023 |- | Bakgatla Ba Ga Mosetlha | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127182826/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60104 60104] |459.19 |45,114 |Tswana |- | Bakgatla Ba Mmakau | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127204107/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60105 60105] |109.41 |1,111 |Tswana |- | Bakgatla Ba Mphe Batho | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127182835/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60106 60106] |45.81 |24,329 |Tswana |- | Baphuthing Ba Ga Nawa | [https://web.archive.org/web/20250409031604/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60107 60107] |228.03 |11,024 |Tswana |- | Diphala | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127195604/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60108 60108] |0.61 |820 |Tswana |- | Jonathan | [http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60109 60109] |4.11 |114 |[[Sezulu|Zulu]] |- | Kopanong | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127194226/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60110 60110] |84.98 |28,839 |Tsonga |- | Modimole Magogelo | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127182905/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60111 60111] |104.32 |11,365 |Tswana |- | Mogogelo | [https://web.archive.org/web/20250222194348/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60112 60112] |26.02 |10,500 |Tsonga |- | Moretele | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127175921/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60113 60113] |30.44 |4,933 |Northern Sotho |- | Temba | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241203163654/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60114 60114] |2.19 |5,310 |Tsonga |- | Thulwe | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127234111/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60115 60115] |15.15 |465 |Tsonga |- | Tsoga o Itirele | [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127175101/http://census.adrianfrith.com/place/60116 60116] |64.32 |1,687 |Zulu |} == References == {{Reflist}} 19sl5fw8f92drfvawmm76lzyeas3390 0 4810 51142 27423 2026-06-20T00:06:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Taung | settlement_type = Toropo | image_skyline = | pushpin_map = North West | pushpin_map_caption = Taung, Bokone Bophirima | latd = -27.533333 | longd = 24.785556 | coordinates_region = ZA | subdivision_type = Naga | subdivision_name = [[Aforika Borwa]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Diprofense tsa Aforika Borwa|Profense]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Bokone Bophirima]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts tsa Aforika Borwa|Karolwana]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Dr_Ruth_Segomotsi_Mompati_District_Municipality|Dr Ruth Mompati]] | subdivision_type3 = Masepala | subdivision_name3 = Greater Taung | area_footnotes = <ref name=census2011>Main Place [https://web.archive.org/web/20190825115021/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/672027 Taung] ''Census 2011''.</ref> | area_total_km2 = 20.75 | population_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | population_total = 18289 | population_as_of = 2011 <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | demographics_type1 = Ditlhopha tsa batho | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantsho]] | demographics1_info1 = 98.8% | demographics1_title2 = [[MaKhalate]] | demographics1_info2 = 0.4% | demographics1_title3 = [[MaIndia]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.5% | demographics1_title4 = [[Basweu]] | demographics1_info4 = 0.1% | demographics1_title5 = Ba bangwe | demographics1_info5 = 0.2% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | demographics_type2 = Maleme | demographics2_title1 = [[Setswana]] | demographics2_info1 = 89.6% | demographics2_title2 = [[Sethosa]] | demographics2_info2 = 2.8% | demographics2_title3 = [[Sekgoa]] | demographics2_info3 = 1.5% | demographics2_title4 = [[Sesotho]] | demographics2_info4 = 1.1% | demographics2_title5 = A mangwe | demographics2_info5 = 5.0% | postal_code_type = Nomoro ya poso | postal_code = 8584 | area_code_type = Nomoro ya mogala | area_code = 053 }} '''Taung''' ke toropo e nnyane kwa profenseng ya [[Bokone Bophirima]]. Lefelo le le theeletswe ka Kgosi Tau wa Barolong. Lefoko ''[[Tau|tau]]'' ke lefoko la Setswana le le dirisiwang go raya phologolo e bogale, e e ratang go ja nama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Taung|url=https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsnwp/taung.php|website=www.sa-venues.com|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref> ==Metswedi== {{reflist}} [[Category:Ditoropo tsa Bokone Bophirima]] rg617tprb66oo1zzse8iowu4b3zmswd 0 4965 51121 36923 2026-06-19T21:36:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51121 wikitext text/x-wiki Phokeng ke motse mo motsesetoropong wa [[Rustenburg]] mo porofenseng ya [[Bokone Bophirima]]. Ke motsemošate wa naga ya Bafokeng (Royal Bafokeng Nation). Mo malobeng, basweu ba Aforika borwa ba ne ba o bitsa ''Magatostad''. {{Infobox settlement | name = Phokeng | native_name = Magatostad | image_caption = In the image above: The royal Marang hotel and sports centre. The Royal Bafokeng stadium. Lebone private school. | pushpin_map = South Africa North West#South Africa | coordinates = {{coord|25|35|S|27|08|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Naga | subdivision_name = [[Aforika Borwa]] | subdivision_type1 = Porofense | subdivision_name1 = [[Bokone Bophirima]] | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = [[Bojanala Platinum District Municipality|Bojanala Platinum]] | subdivision_type3 = Kgaolo | subdivision_name3 = [[Rustenburg Local Municipality|Rustenburg]] | established_title = O simolotswe Ka ngwaga wa | established_date = 1140 |government_type = Bogosi | leader_party = Bafokeng | leader_title = Kgosi | leader_name = Kgosi (King) Leruo Molotlegi | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/662025 |title=Main Place Phokeng |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2021-10-01 |archive-date=2021-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001132915/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/662025 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 34.28 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 34597 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]] | demographics1_info1 = 99.1% | demographics1_title2 = [[Coloureds|Coloured]] | demographics1_info2 = 0.3% | demographics1_title3 = [[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.1% | demographics1_title4 = [[White South African|White]] | demographics1_info4 = 0.1% | demographics1_title5 = Other | demographics1_info5 = 0.4% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = [[First language]]s (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[Tswana language|Tswana]] | demographics2_info1 = 77.1% | demographics2_title2 = [[South African English|English]] | demographics2_info2 = 6.2% | demographics2_title3 = [[Zulu language|Zulu]] | demographics2_info3 = 3.2% | demographics2_title4 = [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]] | demographics2_info4 = 2.1% | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 11.4% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information --> | timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street) | postal_code = 0335 | postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|PO box]] | postal2_code = 0335 | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]] | area_code = 014 | website = {{URL|www.bafokengplatinum.co.za}} }} ==Etymology== Motsesetoropo wa Phokeng o thailwe ka lefoko la [[Tswana language|Sesotho word]] e bong, ''Phoka'', ka go nne e ne e le ntletsentlese mo lefatsheng leo mo malobeng.Go dumelwa gore basweu ba itlhomile teng fa centuri ya bo17 e felela. <ref> {{ cite web |url=http://www.tourismnorthwest.co.za/bojanala/phokeng.html |title=Phokeng - North West Province South Africa |access-date=2013-09-01 |url- status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131115205340/http://www.tourismnorthwest.co.za/bojanala/phokeng.html |archive-date=2013-11-15 }}</ref> ==Metswedi== {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Aforika Borwa]] bumj2mhg32soafdxj4go7rik1zz47qf 0 5086 51094 37459 2026-06-19T19:37:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Newcastle | image_skyline = Downtown Newcastle City Skyline from Fort Amiel Museum.jpg | settlement_type = Toropo | pushpin_map = South Africa | latd = 27 |latm = 44 |lats = 47|latNS=S | longd = 29 |longm = 55 |longs = 58 | subdivision_type = Naga | subdivision_name = [[Aforika Borwa]] | subdivision_type1 = Profense | subdivision_name1 = [[KwaZulu-Natal]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts tsa Aforika Borwa|Karolwana]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Karolwana sa Amajuba|Amajuba]] | subdivision_type3 = Masepala | subdivision_name3 = [[Newcastle Local Municipality|Newcastle]] | established_title = Established | established_date = 1864<ref name=established>{{cite web|title=Chronological order of town establishment in South Africa based on Floyd (1960:20-26)|url=http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212011-123414/unrestricted/05back.pdf|pages=xlv-lii|access-date=2019-07-28|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915121246/http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212011-123414/unrestricted/05back.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Makhosini Nkosi | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/524010 |title=Main Place Newcastle |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2019-07-28 |archive-date=2023-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401161035/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/524010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 75.79 | elevation_m = 1194 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 56144 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=census2011 /> | demographics_type1 = Ditlhopha tsa batho | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantsho]] | demographics1_info1 = 51.9% | demographics1_title2 = [[MaKhalathi]] | demographics1_info2 = 3.8% | demographics1_title3 = [[MaIndia]] | demographics1_info3 = 19.8% | demographics1_title4 = [[Basweu]] | demographics1_info4 = 23.6% | demographics1_title5 = Ba bangwe | demographics1_info5 = 0.9% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = Maleme (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[Sezulu]] | demographics2_info1 = 37.4% | demographics2_title2 = [[Sekgoga]] | demographics2_info2 = 35.4% | demographics2_title3 = [[Afrikaans]] | demographics2_info3 = 20.7% | demographics2_title4 = [[Sesotho]] | demographics2_info4 = 1.0% | demographics2_title5 = Ba bangwe | demographics2_info5 = 5.5% <!-- Other information --> | postal_code_type = Nomoro ya poso | postal_code = 2940 | area_code_type = Nomoro ya mogala | area_code = 034 | website = http://www.newcastle.gov.za/ }} [[Setshwantsho:Newcastle KwaZulu-Natal Wikivoyage Banner.jpg|thumb|Riverside Industrial]] [[Setshwantsho:Newcastle Chemical Park.jpg|thumb|Newcastle Chemical Park]] [[Setshwantsho:Newcastle Chemical Park rising above the horizon.jpg|thumb|Newcastle kwa Northern Drakensberg Mountains]] '''Newcastle''' ke setoropo sekgolo sa [[KwaZulu-Natal]], mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. ==Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle== {{reflist}} paupop4f6kj7anwleytclivc8qm26fu 0 5127 51082 37445 2026-06-19T14:52:48Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muldersdrift''' ke toropo ya [[Gauteng]] e [[Aforika Borwa]]. {{Infobox settlement|name=Muldersdrift|image_alt=Muldersdrift, now suffering from a high crime rate, is home to a large hospitality industry that caters to neighboring Johannesburg and Pretoria citizens coming there for functions or weddings. (Photo- VOA Solene Honorine).jpg|image_caption=Muldersdrift is home to a large hospitality industry|pushpin_map=South Africa Gauteng#South Africa|coordinates={{coord|26.033|S|27.85|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}}|subdivision_type1=Country|subdivision_name1=[[South Africa]]|subdivision_type2=Province|subdivision_name2=[[Gauteng]]|subdivision_type3=District|subdivision_name3=[[West Rand District Municipality|West Rand]]|subdivision_type4=Municipality|subdivision_name4=[[Mogale City Local Municipality|Mogale City]]|subdivision_type5=Main Place|subdivision_name5=[[Krugersdorp]]|leader_title=Councillor|area_footnotes=<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/763004007 |title=Sub Place Muldersdrift |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2024-08-04 |archive-date=2024-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804122631/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/763004007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|area_total_km2=4.66|population_total=1744|population_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|population_density_km2=auto <!-- demographics (section 1) -->|demographics_type1=Racial makeup (2011)|demographics1_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics1_title1=[[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]]|demographics_type2=[[First language]]s (2011)|demographics2_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics2_title1=[[Tswana language|Tswana]]|demographics2_info1=19.2%|demographics1_info1=89.9%|demographics1_info2=0.9%|demographics1_info3=0.2%|demographics1_info4=9.1%|demographics1_info5=<!-- demographics (section 2) -->|demographics1_title2=[[Coloureds|Coloured]]|demographics1_title3=[[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]]|demographics1_title4=[[White South African|White]]|demographics1_title5=Other|demographics2_info2=15.1%|demographics2_info3=10.1%|demographics2_info4=8.4%|demographics2_info5=47.1% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information -->|demographics2_title2=[[Zulu language|Zulu]]|demographics2_title3=[[Sotho language|Sotho]]|demographics2_title4=[[English language|English]]|demographics2_title5=Other|timezone1=[[South African Standard Time|SAST]]|utc_offset1=+2|postal_code=1747|postal2_code_type=[[Post-office box|PO box]]|postal2_code=1739|postal_code_type=[[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street)|area_code=011|area_code_type=[[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]]}} e3u1ejv9eil15xm5pefuz6m9ney3t2t 0 5128 51083 29174 2026-06-19T14:54:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Munsieville | pushpin_map = South Africa Gauteng#South Africa | coordinates = {{coord|26.075|S|27.753|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[South Africa]] | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = [[Gauteng]] | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = [[West Rand District Municipality|West Rand]] | subdivision_type3 = Municipality | subdivision_name3 = [[Mogale City Local Municipality|Mogale City]] | subdivision_type4 = Main Place | established_title = Established | leader_title = Councillor | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/763005 |title=Main Place Munsieville |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2022-09-29 |archive-date=2022-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929081752/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/763005 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 1.55 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 19128 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]] | demographics1_info1 = 98.9% | demographics1_title2 = [[Coloureds|Coloured]] | demographics1_info2 = 0.6% | demographics1_title3 = [[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.2% | demographics1_title4 = [[White South African|White]] | demographics1_info4 = 0.1% | demographics1_title5 = Other | demographics1_info5 = 0.2% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = [[First language]]s (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[Tswana language|Tswana]] | demographics2_info1 = 67.2% | demographics2_title2 = [[Zulu language|Zulu]] | demographics2_info2 = 6.7% | demographics2_title3 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] | demographics2_info3 = 6.5% | demographics2_title4 = [[Sotho language|Sotho]] | demographics2_info4 = 5.3% | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 14.3% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information --> | timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street) | postal_code = 1739 | postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|PO box]] | postal2_code = 1775 | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]] }} '''Munsieville''' ke toropo nyane ya [[Gauteng]] e [[Aforika Borwa]]. == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} t8wozuksjbaz6hwixvcsp5moamp1m3l 0 8311 51095 47321 2026-06-19T19:42:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[:en:Nicole_Gaelebale|Nicole Lisa Gaelebale]]''' (o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, 1993) ke motlelara wa Motswana e bile e le motshwari wa dikgaisano tsa bommabontle. O ne a rwesiwa serwalatlhogo sa go nna Mohumagatsana wa lefatshe lotlhe wa Botswana wa 2012. O ne a emela [[Botswana]] kwa dikgaisanong tsa [[Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014]] kwa a neng a sena maemo. Ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a gapa maemo a bobedi mme a rwesiwa serwalatlhogo sa Kgosigadi ya Ntlha ya Botswana. Gape o fentse kgaisanyo ya [[Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa Botswana wa 2017|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe]] [[Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa Botswana wa 2017|la Botswana wa 2017]] mme a emela Botswana kwa dikgaisanyong tsa [[Mohumagatsaneng wa mafatshefatshe wa 2017]].<ref>Mathala, Sharon (2 October 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180922063651/http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=54525&dir=2015/october/02 "Seneo Mabengano Crowned Miss Botswana 2015/2016"]. ''Mmegi Online''. from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.</ref> {{Infobox pageant titleholder|name=Nicole Gaelebale|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1993|4|22}}|birth_place=[[Mahalapye]], [[Botswana]]|height=1.83 m|eye_colour=Brown|title=Miss Global Botswana 2012<br />Miss Earth Botswana 2014<br />Miss World Botswana 2017|competitions=Miss Global Botswana 2012<br />(Winner) Miss Earth Botswana 2014<br />(Winner) <nowiki>Miss Earth 2014]]</nowiki><br />(Unplaced) <nowiki>Miss World Botswana]] 2017</nowiki><br />(Winner) <nowiki>Miss World 2017]]</nowiki><br />(Top 40)}} == Metswedi == {{Reflist}} == Dipadi tse dingwe == * [http://www.missearth.tv Miss Earth's official website] * [https://www.facebook.com/nicole.gaelebale Nicole Gaelebale] mo [https://www.facebook.com/nicole.gaelebale Facebook] nyn205lje844chlja0zy1012e4qpz3y 0 8549 51125 30173 2026-06-19T22:03:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Ramatlabama | pushpin_map = Botswana | coordinates = {{coord|25|38|58|S|25|34|30|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Lefatshe | subdivision_name = [[Botswana]] | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = [[Botswana]] | subdivision_type2 = Kgaolo | subdivision_name2 = [[Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality|Ngaka Modiri Molema]] | subdivision_type3 = Municipality | subdivision_name3 = [[Mafikeng Local Municipality|Mafikeng]] | subdivision_type4 = Main Place | established_title = Established | government_type = Ward 3 | leader_title = Councillor | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/667001 |title=Main Place Ramatlabama |work=Census 2011 |access-date=5 November 2022 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922012927/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/667001 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 2.45 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 2046 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics1_title1 = [[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]] | demographics1_info1 = 98.1% | demographics1_title2 = [[Coloureds|Coloured]] | demographics1_info2 = 1.1% | demographics1_title3 = [[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian Botswana|Asian]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.6% | demographics1_title4 = [[White South African|White]] | demographics1_info4 = 0.2% | demographics1_title5 = Other | demographics1_info5 = <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = [[First language]]s (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[Tswana language|Tswana]] | demographics2_info1 = 85.1% | demographics2_title2 = [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] | demographics2_info2 = 4.8% | demographics2_title3 = [[Zulu language|Zulu]] | demographics2_info3 = 3.3% | demographics2_title4 = [[South African English|English]] | demographics2_info4 = 1.7% | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 5.1% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information --> | timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street) | postal_code = 2745 | postal2_code_type = [[Post-office box|PO box]] | postal2_code = 2745 | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]] }} '''Ramatlabama''' (kana '''Ratlhabama''') ke motse le boemelo jwa diterena jo bo sekgele sa dikhilomethara di le masome a mabedi le metso e botlhano (25 km) mo bokone jwa [[Mahikeng]], kwa kgaolong ya [[Bokone Bophirima]] [[:en:North_West_(South_African_province)|(North West Provice)]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa|Aferika Borwa]] [[:en:South_Africa|(South Africa)]]. Motse yo o ikaegile mo molelwaneng wa [[Botswana]], mme gape e le boemelo jwa diterena le dikoloi kwa molelwaneng. Go ya ka palo batho ya 2011, Ramatlabama ga mmogo le meraka ya Miga go ne go na le batho ba le dikete tse pedi, masome a mane le metso e le borataro (2, 046).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220922012927/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/667001 "Main Place Ramatlabama".] ''Census 2011''</ref> == Metswedi == {{reflist}} {{Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality}} [[Category:Populated places in the Mafikeng Local Municipality]] [[Category:Botswana–South Africa border crossings]] {{NorthWestZA-geo-stub}} i8romf00dooifx02kwrfv30wetdslro 0 8562 51123 49628 2026-06-19T21:42:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51123 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Ponatshego Kedikilwe|image=Ponatshego Kedikilwe (cropped 3x4).jpg|order=7th [[Vice President of Botswana]]|predecessor=[[Mompati Merafhe]]|successor=[[Mokgweetsi Masisi]]|president=[[Ian Khama]]|term_start=31 July 2012|term_end=12 November 2014|order2=[[Minister of Finance (Botswana)|Minister of Finance]]|predecessor2=[[Festus Mogae]]|successor2=[[Baledzi Gaolathe]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1938|7|7}}|birth_place=[[Bechuanaland|Bechuanaland Protectorate]], now ([[Botswana]])|order3=Minister of Minerals, Energy, and Water Resources of Botswana|president3=[[Festus Mogae]], [[Ian Khama]]|term_end2=1999|term_end3=?|term_start2=1998|term_start3=January 2007|image_size=150px}} '''Ponatshego Honorius Kefaeng Kedikilwe''' ke lepolotiki mo [[Botswana]], o a kileng a nna [[Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana|mothusa tautona]] go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2012 go tsena ka wa 2014. O tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le malatsi a supa ka ngwaga wa 1938. Ke leloko la phathi e e neng e busang ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP), o kile a bereka gape e le tona wa meepo, kgotleetso le metsi go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2007. == Tiro == Rre Kedikilwe o ne a tlhongwa jaaka Mothusa Motsamaisi yo o simolotseng Botswana Open University (BOU) e pele e neng e le Botswana College of Open and Distance Learning (BOCODOL) ka 2018.<ref>Bothoko, Pini (25 January 2018). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/open-learning-is-the-alternative-kedikilwe/news "Open learning is the alternative - Kedikilwe"]. ''Mmegi Online''. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> Gape e ne e le leloko la boto ya Sefalana Holdings, a ba kopanela ka 2014,<ref name=":1">Reporter, Sunday Standard (15 October 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250913142146/https://www.sundaystandard.info/former-vice-president-kedikilwe-steps-down-from-sefalana-board/ "Former Vice President Kedikilwe steps down from Sefalana board | Sunday Standard"]. Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025.</ref> moragonyana a nna modulasetilo wa boto. O rotse tiro mo maemong ao ka 2020.<ref name=":1" /> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Kedikilwe o tsene dikolo tse di latelang; Kikuyu College of social studies, [[University of East Africa,]] [[Nairobi]] go tswa ka 1963 go tsena ka 1964, [[University of Rochester]] kwa [[New York]] go tswa ka 1964 go tsena 1965, [[University of Connecticut]] go tswa ka 1965 go tsena 1968, [[Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs]] le [[Syracuse University]].<ref>editor, Online (6 August 2012). [https://www.sundaystandard.info/parliament-endorses-kedikilwe-as-vp/ "Parliament endorses Kedikilwe as VP | Sunday Standard"].Retrieved 20 Phalane 2025. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa e le lantlha ka ngwaga wa 1984 go nna mopalamente wa [[Mmadinare]], a nna [[tona wa tsa madi]] go tswa ka 1998 go tsena ka 1999.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20221118092735/https://www.finance.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=102 "About Us - Ministry of Finance"]''</ref> Kedikilwe o berekile e le modulasetilo wa BDP go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 2003. Tautona [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]] o ne a gaisa Kedikilwe fa a ne a tlhophiwa go nna modulasetilo wa [[Botswana Democratic Party]] kwa bokopanong jwa sepolotiki jo bo neng bo tshwerwe ka ngwaga a 2003, Phukwi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi. Khama o ne a bona ditalama di le makgolo a matlhano lesome le bobedi, fa Kedikilwe ene a ne a bona di le makgolo a mabedi lesome le borobabongwe.<ref name=":0">[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=45114 "Botswana: Khama win eases Mogae's concerns"], IRIN, 23 July 2003.</ref><ref>"Botswana: Vice-president wins ruling party chairmanship", ''Business Day'', Johannesburg, 22 July 2003.</ref> Khama o ne a engwe nokeng ke Tautona wa pele [[Festus Mogae]],<ref>"Botswana: President Mogae defends decision to back Khama for party chairmanship", Radio Botswana, 19 June 2003.</ref> mme phenyo ya gagwe ya bo ele botlhokwa thata ka e ne e tlhagolela Khama tsela gore a tlhatlhame Mogae go nna tautona ya lefatshe.<ref name=":0" /> Kedikilwe o ne a tlhomiwa go nna tona wa tsa meepo, kgotletso le metsi ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/8597296 "Botswana's cabinet reshuffle"], ''The Economist'', 25 January 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20100112&i=SefhophePhikwe_highway_still_in_plan_Kedikilwe Daily News (Government of Botswana). 2010-01-12]</ref> Mothusa tautona [[Mompati Sebogodi Merafhe|Mompati Merafhe]] o ne a ithola marapo ka bogodi ka ngwaga wa 2012, Phukwi a le malatsi a le masome a mararo le motso. Tautona Ian Khama a tlhopha Kedikilwe go nna mothusa tautona ka Phatwe a tlhola gangwe ka ngwaga wa 2012, mme mapalamente a le masome a mararo le borobabobedi a dumalana le mogopolo o ka go tlhopha, fa ba le lesome le motso ba ne ba seka ba tlhopha. Kedikilwe o ne a tlhomiwa mo setilong ka lone letsatsi leo. Puso e ne ya tlhalosa fa Kedikilwe a tla tswelela a ntse a le tona ya meepo, kgotletso le metsi.<ref>[http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=192&dir=2012/August/Thursday2 "Kedikilwe sworn in as Vice President"], Mmegi, volume 29, number 113, 2 August 2012.</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2014 tsa sechaba, Khama o ne a tlhopha [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] go nna mothusa tautona ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e le lesome le bobedi.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201411130254.html "Parliament Endorses Masisi As VP"], BOPA, 12 November 2014.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="3" |Diofisi tsa sepolotiki |- |Yo o fetileng pele [[:en:Mompati_Merafhe|Mompati Merafhe]] |[[:en:Vice-President_of_Botswana|Mothusa tautona wa Botswana]] 2012 - 2014 |A tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] |}[[Setshwantsho:Ponatshego Kedikilwe 2.jpg|thumb|Rre Ponatshego Kedikilwe|left|327x327px]] [[Setshwantsho:Ponatshego Kedikilwe 7.jpg|thumb|270x270px]] [[Setshwantsho:Ponatshego Kedikilwe 4.jpg|thumb|center|277x277px]] == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Moithuti wa Sekoloesa Maxwell]] [[Karolo:Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Gonna wa tsa Kgotetso wa Botswana]] [[Karolo:Gonna wa tsa Madi wa lefatshe la Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mothusa tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Matsalo a 1938]] [[Karolo:Leloko la National Assembly]] [[Karolo:Bo toma ba tsa metsi ba lefatshe la Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] <references /> == Dilinki tse di kwa ntle == d61hc42o0w2wmzxu8e1dqfmcd3rwkbe 0 8812 51133 34944 2026-06-19T22:52:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51133 wikitext text/x-wiki == Motheo == Ka ngwaga wa 2020, Firikgong a le malatsi a le lesome le bobedi, lekgotla la botsogo la mafatshefatshe la [[:en:World_Health_Organization|World Health Organization (WHO)]] le ne la tlhomamisa gore mogare wa [[:en:Novel_coronavirus|corona]] ke one o bakang bolwetsi jwa makgwafo jo bo neng bo bonwe mo setlhopheng sa batho kwa toropong ya [[:en:Wuhan|Wuhan]], kwa kgaolong ya [[:en:Hubei|Hubei]], kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:China|China]],mme bo begetswe WHO ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe ngwaga wa 2019.<ref>Elsevier. [https://beta.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center?trial=true "Novel Coronavirus Information Center".] ''Elsevier Connect''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center Archived] from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref>Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). [https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?".] ''Wired UK''. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1357-0978 1357-0978.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200305104806/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus Archived] from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.</ref> Dipalo tsa batho ba ba tlhokafetseng ka ntlha ya COVID-19 di ko tlase fa di tshwantshanngwa le tsa [[:en:SARS|SARS ka 2003]], <ref name=":0">[https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus"]. ''Imperial News''. 13 March 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200319084913/https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ Archived] from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England".] ''GOV.UK''. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.</ref>mme Covid e aname go gaisa SARS ka palo e e kwa godimo ya dintsho.<ref>[https://wfsahq.org/news/latest-news/coronavirus-guidance-for-anaesthesia-and-perioperative-care-providers/ "World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus".] ''www.wfsahq.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200312233527/https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus Archived] from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Go tlhomagana ga ditiragalo == === Mopitlo 2020 === Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le malatsi a le masome a mararo, go ne ga tlhomamisiwa fa batho ba le bararo ba fitlhetswe ka mogare o mo lefatsheng la [[Botswana]].<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/the-star/news/botswana-registers-first-covid-19-cases-as-three-people-test-positive-45797335 "Botswana registers first Covid-19 cases as three people test positive"]. ''www.iol.co.za''. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.</ref> Ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le botlhano, mme wa dingwaga tse di masome a supa le borobabobedi o neng a belaelwa a na le mogare wa COVID-19, o ne a tlhokafala kwa [[Ramotswa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230412070151/https://www.sundaystandard.info/mystery-over-botswanas-covid-19-patient-zero-deepens/ "Mystery over Botswana's COVID-19 "Patient Zero" deepens".] ''Sunday Standard''. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.</ref> Malatsi a le mmalwa morago ga loso lwa gagwe, maduo a ne a boa a supa fa ka nnete a ne a na le mogare oo, mme se sa tsisa palo ya batho ba ba tshwereng ka mogare kwa go bone mo Botswana. Mo pegong e e neng e gasiwa ka tlhamalalo mo telebishining ya [[Botswana TV|BTV]] mothusa tautona [[:en:Slumber_Tsogwane|Slumber Tsogwane]] o ne a bolela fa ditlhopha tse di latedisang bolwetsi di lemogile fa batho ba le lesome le bone ba amane le o o tlhokafetseng ka jalo ba tlhatlhobilwe. Maduo a ba ba neng ba amane le moswi a ne a bolelwa ke tona wa botsogo wa nako e o [[:en:Lemogang_Kwape|Dr. Lemogang Kwape]] o neng e le ene gape a begileng boraro jwa ntlha bo tshwarwa ka mogare. Kwa mafelong a kgwedi, palo ya dintsho e ne e le bongwe, palo ya ba ba fitlhetsweng ka mogare e le bone, mme ba ba neng bolwetsi bo santse bo le mo go bone ba ne ba le bararo. === Moranang 2020 === Go ne ga tlhatlhobiwa batho ba bangwe ba le babedi morago ga beke tse pedi, mme ka Moranang a le lesome le boferabongwe Dr. Kwape a bega fa go na le batho ba le batlhano ba ba tshwerweng ka bolwetsi, ba le babedi ba ne ba tswa kwa United Kingdom, fa ba le bararo ba tsere bolwetsi mo gae, se sa tsisa dipalo tsa ba ba tsereng bolwetsi mo gae kwa boratarong. Ka Moranang a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi, batho ba le babedi ba ne ba tshwarwa ka bolwetsi kwa kgaolong ya Metsimotlhabe-[[Molepolole|Molepolole,]] se sa tsisa dipalo kwa go masome a mabedi le bobedi. Bobedi jo bo ne bo tsere bolwetsi mo gae, ka jalo dipalo tsa mo gae di oketsega go nna boferabobedi ka nako e o. <ref>[https://allafrica.com/stories/202004230132.html "Botswana records two more COVID-19 cases".] ''allAfrica.com''. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.</ref>Ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi, go ne ga nna le motho o mongwe gape o o tsereng bolwetsi mo gae. Go ya ka lephata la botsogo (Ministry of Health) go ne go simolotswe go latedisiwa batho ba neng ba amane le ba ba tshwerweng ka bolwetsi kwa Molepolole, [[Metsimotlhabe]], [[Mahalapye]], [[Bobonong]] le [[Siviya]], ba botlhe ba neng ba fitlhelwa ka mogare wa coronavirus. Ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola gangwe, go ne go tlhatlhobilwe batho ba le dikete di supa, makgolo a le marataro, masome a supa le botlhano, mapalamente le tautona le mothusi wa gagwe ba ne ba seka ba fitlhelwa ba na le mogare oo. Mo pegong e e neng e gasiwa mo telebishining, [[Mokgweetsi Masisi|tautona Masisi]] o ne a oketsa thibelo metsamao ka beke tse dingwe tse pedi tse go neng ga repisiwa melao ka tsone. Go ya ka tautona, balwetsi botlhe ba COVID-19 ba ne ba sa supe dikai mme ebile ba sidilega.Maduo a ba ba neng ba amane le o o tlhokafetseng a ne a begiwa ke tona wa botsogo (Health and Wellness) Dr. Lemogang Kwape. Kwape o ne a bega fa bosupa mo go ba le lesome le bone ba fitlhetswe ka mogare se sa isa dipalo kwa go lesome le boraro.<ref>[http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55551 "Botswana registers 7 more COVID-19 cases"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 9 April 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201001153621/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55551 Archived] from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2020.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Moranang a le masome a mabedi le boferabongwe, batho ba le batlhano ba ne ba fola mo lefatshing la Botswana.<ref>[http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55897 "Five Covid-19 patients recovered".] ''DailyNews.gov.bw''. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.</ref> Kgwedi ya Moranang fa e ya bokhutlong, palo ya batho ba ba neng ba tshwerwe ka mogare e ne e le kwa go masome a mabedi le boraro, e oketsegile ka lesome le boferabongwe go tswa ka Mopitlo. Dipalo tsa dintsho di ne di sa fetoga. Mme ga bo go na le lesome le bosupa la batho ba mogare o neng o santse o le mo mebeleng ya bone.<ref>[https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200501-covid-19-sitrep.pdf?sfvrsn=742f4a18_4 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 102"] (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 May 2020. p.&nbsp;6. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref> === Motsheganong 2020 === Batho ba le bararo ba ba fodileng ba ne ba begiwa ka Motsheganong a tlhola gangwe. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201001162235/http://www.dailynews.gov.bw/news-details.php?nid=55943 "Botswana records three more recoveries"]. ''Botswana Daily News''. 2 May 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.</ref>Ka Labone, Motsheganong a le malatsia a supa, Botswana o ne a kwadisa dipalo tse dingwe tsa ba ba fodileng. Ka Labotlhano Motsheganong a le malatsi a ferabobedi bosigogare, kiletso mesepele ya malatsi a le masome a mararo le botlhano mo Botswana ya ya bokhutlong, se sa simolodisa go repisiwa ga melao e e neng e beilwe ke puso dibeke di le tharo, mme ga simolola go boelwa ditirong go simolola ka letsatsi la boferabobedi la Motsheganong go fitlhelela ka letsatsi la bosome le bone la kgwedi eo. Ka Mosupologo a le malatsi a le lesome le bone Motsheganong, lefatshe la Botswana la gatisa motho o mongwe o o tshwereng ka bolwetsi.<ref>[https://news.thevoicebw.com/gaborone-city-under-lockdown/ "Gaborone City under lockdown"]. ''TheVoicebw.com''. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.</ref> Ditlhatlhobo di ne di dirilwe di le dikete di le lesome le motso makgolo a mane, amsome a ferabongwe le botlhano ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e le malatsi a le lesome le bobedi. Balwetsi ba le batlhano ba ne ba fola, mme ga sala ba le barataro.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230901233944/https://covid19portal.gov.bw/ "COVID-19 Government of Botswana".] ''gov.bw''. 12 May 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.</ref> Motho a le mongwe o ne a fitlhelwa ka mogare ka malatsi a le lesome le bosupa, se se isa dipalo tsa ba ba nang le bolwetsi kwa go bosupa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200817163624/https://news.ebene-magazine.com/coronavirus-le-bilan-en-afrique-ce-19-mai/ "Coronavirus : le bilan en Afrique ce 19 mai"]. ''EbeneMagazine.com'' (in French). 19 May 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2020.</ref> Ka letsatsi la bo masome a mabedi le bongwe, batho ba le bane ba tshwarwa ka mogare, fa ba le babedi ba ne ba fola, se se tsisa dipalo kwa go boferabongwe. Morago ga letsatsi, Botswana a gatisa motho o mongwe se sa isa dipalo tsa ba ba santse ba na le bolwetsi mo bekeng ya Tshipi a le lesome le bosupa go nna borataro. Ka Motsheganong a le malatsia le masome a mabedi le bone go ne go na le batho ba bangwe ba le batlhano, mme palo ya nna masome a mararo le botlhano fa ya ba ba nang le bolwetsi e nnile lesome le botlhano. Fa Motsheganong a ya bokhutlong, palo yotlhe ya batho ba ba tshwerweng ka mogare e ne ele masome a mararo le botlhano, e oketsegile ka lesome le bobedi go tswa ka Moranang. Palo ya dintsho e ne e sa fetoga. Go ne go na le ba ba santseng ba na le bolwetsi ba le lesome le bone, e fokotsegile ka 18% go tswa kwa bofelong jwa kgwedi ya Moranang.<ref>[https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200531-covid-19-sitrep-132.pdf?sfvrsn=d9c2eaef_2 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 132"] (PDF). World Health Organization. 31 May 2020. p.&nbsp;5. Retrieved 2 July 2020.</ref> == Thibelo == Puso e ne ya emisa go kgobokana ga batho ba feta masome a matlhano le go tsena ka melwane ga batho ba ba tswang kwa mafatsheng a a mo diphatseng, e le tsela ya go itsa go thanya lomapo lo le tsebeng.<ref>[https://www.mmegi.bw/opinion-analysis/coronavirus-botswana-bans-us-uk-china-arrivals/news "Coronavirus: Botswana bans US, UK, China arrivals".] Mmegi. 16 March 2020.</ref> <ref>[https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/botswana-bars-travellers-from-coronavirus-hit-countries/ "Botswana bars travellers from coronavirus-hit countries".] 16 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a mabedi le bone , puso e ne ya bega fa melelwane yotlhe kwa ntleng ga e le lesome le bobedi, e tswalwa. Baagi ba Botswana ba ne ba letlelelwa go boela gae mme ba tswalelwe ko ba ka sekeng ba amane le batho ba bangwe malatsi a le lesome le bone. Go ne go na le matshwenyego le fa go ntse jalo a gore batho ba ka tlhagela go tswa kwa lefatsheng la [[Zimbabwe]] ba sa tsene kwa go letleletsweng.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswana-no-covid-19-cases-closes-borders-after-death-zimbabwe/6186332.html "Botswana, with No COVID-19 Cases, Closes Borders After Death in Zimbabwe | Voice of America – English".] ''www.voanews.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> Dikolo tsotlhe di ne tsa tswalwa go tswa ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi. Mme ga simololwa go rutiwa ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a le mabedi.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_botswana-schools-reopen-amid-concerns-over-preparedness/6190578.html "Botswana schools reopen amid concerns over preparedness".] ''www.voanews.com''. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.</ref> Segajaja le kiletso mesepele di ne tsa kgoreletsa go tsoma ditlou mo go neng go ya go nna ga ntlha mo Botswana fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2014,<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/24/coronavirus-may-mean-botswanas-hunting-season-is-cancelled "Coronavirus may mean Botswana's hunting season is cancelled".] ''www.aljazeera.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> di ne tsa ama gape le mohama wa diteemane.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/science-health_coronavirus-outbreak_botswanas-diamond-sales-face-slump-coronavirus-locks-out-key/6186037.html "Botswana's Diamond Sales Face Slump as Coronavirus Locks Out Key Buyers | Voice of America – English"]. ''www.voanews.com''. Retrieved 25 March 2020.</ref> E ne ya re ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a le masome a mararo le bongwe, tautona wa Botswana Mokgweetsi Masisi a fa pego mme a simolodisa nako ya seemo sa tshoganetso ka maikaelelo a go gagamatsa ditsela tsa go thibela dikotsi tsa segajaja sa COVID-19. Tautona o re malatsi a a masome mabedi le motso a seemo sa tshoganetso a tla bo a sa lekana go diragatsa tse di tlhokafalang go lwantsha segajaja. == References == qwasm8lk66264sd8yxu1flqtutylaye 0 9007 51063 32959 2026-06-19T12:38:11Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manjaagiin Ichinnorov''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1970, kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le malatsi a le lesome le bobedi. Ke molwela ditshwanelo tsa setho o o tsholetsweng kwa [[:en:Khovd_Province|kgaolong ya Khovd]] kwa bophirima jwa lefatshe la [[:en:Mongolia|Mongolia.]] O ne a fiwa seetsele sa [[:en:Mahatma_Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]] ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwaga wa 2007 go bo a ne a lwantsha go tlhoka tekatekano mo bathong ka ditsela tse di siameng, a e neelwa ke ba [[:en:India–Mongolia_relations|India Mongolia Friendship Association]]. Ke moamogedi wa maloba wa dietsele tsa [[:en:Eisenhower_Fellowships|Eisenhower Fellowship Leadership]] le ''Mongolian Professional Fellowship Award'' go tswa kwa go ba [[:en:Open_Society_Foundations|Open Society Institute]] ka ngwaga wa 1999. O tsene sekolo kwa National University kwa lephateng la tsa molao, kwa [[:en:Irkutsk|Irkutsk]] kwa lefatsheng la [[:en:Russia|Russia,]] mme a aloga ka master's degree in International Legal Studies ka ngwaga wa 2001 kgwedi ya Phatwe; o ne a le mongwe wa baithutintshi ba bagolwane ka maemo kwa lenaneong la Women and Public Policy Program [[:en:Harvard_University|Harvard University]] kwa [[:en:Harvard_Kennedy_School|John F. Kennedy School of Government]] ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2006. O berekile mo go tsa molao kwa Mongolia fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 1997.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100329021945/http://www.ichinnorov.mn/ct/ci/1/581/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0 Ichinnorov: Taniltsuulga] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329021945/http://www.ichinnorov.mn/ct/ci/1/581/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0|date=2010-03-29}}</ref> == Ditsheko tsa molao == O nnile mmueledi a bo a fenya ditsheko tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tse di tsisitseng diphetogo kwa Mongolia jaaka tse di latelang: === 2002 Tsheko ya ga Erdene-Ochir ya phetolo molao === Tsheko ya ntlha ya Mongolia go fenngwa ka ngwaga wa 2002. Monna o neng a lebisitswe molato wa polao ebile a atlholetswe loso ke dikgotlatshekelo tse tharo o ne a gololwa mo tshekong e go sena go lemogwa gore o ne a se molato. Maikaelelo a thseko e e ne e le go fetola dikakanyo tsa segologolo tsa baatlhodi, go rotloetsa molao wa gore motho ga a na molato go fitlhelela go nna le bosupi jwa gore o molato, tshwanelo ya go nna le kemedi ya molao e e lomameng, go ikemela le go sa tseye lotlhakore ga molao. Ka ntlha ya tsheko e, ditselana tsa ditsheko di fetotswe, bosupi bo tshwanetse go nna teng pele ga go ka simololwa tsheko. === 2003 Tsheko ya Ganbat ya phetolo melao mo kgolegelong === Lekawana le ne la tlhokafala kwa kgolegelong ya Tuv aimag a sena go tshelwa bolwetse jwa [[:en:Tuberculosis|Tuberculosis]] mo dingwageng tse pedi tse a di tsereng kwa kgolegelong a santse a ipolela molato. Motswasetlhabelo o ne a seka a bona dithuso tsa ba bongaka go tswa mo pusong morago ga go kopa thuso ya bongaka mo makgethong a robabongwe a a neng a botsolosiwa le ntswa botsogo jwa gagwe bo ne bo le mo diphatseng. Ichinnorov Manjaa o ne a simolola e le lantlha kwa Mongolia, tsheko kgatlhanong le lephata la sepodise le ofisi ya mosekisi kwa Tuv aimag. Tsheko e e ne ya baka gore dikgolegelo kwa Mongolia di ntshiwe ka fa tlase ga taolo ya lephata la sepodisi di tsene mo go la Judicial Decision Execution Authority. Maemo a bothselo a tokafetse. le thuso ya bongaka e neelwa ba ba tshwerweng mme ba na le mathata a botsogo. === 2006 Tsheko ya Bolorchuluun ya ditshwanelo tsa basadi === Lekgarejwana le ne la bolawa ke mopati wa lone morago ga go nna motswasetlhabelo sa go sengwa leina mo pegong nngwe mo pampiring ya dikgang, e e neng e supa fa a na le mogare wa [[:en:AIDS|HIV/AIDS]] e bile le o anamisa ka bomo. O ne a le motswasetlhabelo gape wa tlhakanelodikobo kwa ofising ya puso ya makgetho kwa Selenge aimag. Ichinnorov Manjaa o ne a dira setshwantsho sa otshikhinyego le tsheko kgatlhanong le motho o o bolaileng motswasetlhabelo. Setshwantsho se sa motsheikinyego e ne e le sesupo se se maleba kwa Mongolia se se neng se ruta batho ka ditshwanelo tsa basadi, bogolo jang dikgang tse di fitlhegileng tsa go tlhorontshiwa ka tlhakanelodikobo le tirisodikgoka mo lwapeng. Fa godimo ga foo, o ne a ikaelela go tsibosa babegadikgang o tlotla ditshwanelo tsa batho le seriti a bone. Setshwantsho se sa "In Search for Justice" se ne sa atlega mo go tseyeng karolo mo meletlong ya ditshwanelo tsa setho mo mafatsheng ka go farologana.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100525014520/http://www.ichinnorov.mn/ct/ci/10/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B4 Ichinnorov: Ünenii ereld] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525014520/http://www.ichinnorov.mn/ct/ci/10/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B4|date=2010-05-25}}. Not completely covered, but supported [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722221412/http://www.olloo.mn/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=41846 by Khünii erkhiin huul'chid strategiin ömgöölöl hiine.] Zuunii medee newspaper 2006-12-05 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722221412/http://www.olloo.mn/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=41846|date=2011-07-22}} and [https://web.archive.org/web/20120309230825/http://www.olloo.mn/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1142771 B. Gerel: DOH-toi khemeen gütgüülsen n' ohinii min' ühliin shaltgaan. Zuunii medee newspaper 2008-12-01] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120907042057/http://www.olloo.mn/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1142771|date=2012-09-07}}</ref> === 2007 Tsheko ya Ariuntsetseg ya phetolo melao ya bokebekwa === Mosetsana wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bosupa o nenga ana le losea lwa dikgwedi tse di lesome le bosupa o ne a atloletswe dingwaga di le lesome le dikgwedi tse tlhano mo kgolegelong go bo a ne a utsule madi di tugrik di le sekete le makgolo a le matlhano kgotsa dolara e le nngwe. Molao o o fetotsweng wa ngwaga wa 2005 o ne o gagametse fa e le molato-poelelo, motho a ka tshwarwa dingwaga tse di lesome fa a utsule go sa kgathalesege gore o sentse go le kae. Tsheko e e ne e kgatlhile leitlho la sechaba le babegadikgang. Molao le ba ba o dirang ba ne kgalhegetse tsheko e ba bo ba e dirisa e le sekai sa bokete jwa katlholo mo go ba ba humileng le bahumanegi. Maikaelelo a tsheko e e ne e le go tsibosa batho ka tlhokatekatekano ya molao. Tautona wa Mongolia M. Enkhbayar o ne a itshwarela lekgarejwana le. Tsheko e e ne ya nna nngwe ya tse di atlegilegn thata kwa Mongolia e batho ba ithutileng ka yone tsela e ntsha ya ditsheko.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722220204/http://origo.mn/24tsag/2007/11/16/10269 B. Dolzodmaa: P. Ariuntsetsegiin am'dral ergen survaljilsan n'. Ödriin sonin newspaper] 2007-11-16 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722220204/http://origo.mn/24tsag/2007/11/16/10269|date=2011-07-22}} and the other newspaper articles linked on that Website</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2015, O ne a nna kgosi ya lephata la tshireletso ya batshwasetlhabelo le basupi kwa Mongolia (Victim and Witness Protection Department of the Mongolian Marshal Authority) le le neng e le gone le simolodisiwang kwa lephateng la molao la lefatshe leo. Ka ngwaga wa 2012 o ne a dira sekolo sa tebelopele se se neng se rutuntsha batho ba le diketekete ka go ikgodisa mo botshelong le ka mananeo a go fenya mo botshelong. == Metswedi == 08koez5nhppb7m8wlazp7crc40hm4ye 0 9062 51139 36894 2026-06-19T23:30:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Shonda Lynn Rhimes|birth_date=January 13, 1970|birth_place=Chicago, Illinois, U.S.|alma mater=Dartmouth College University of Southern California|occupation=Television producerscreenwriter|years active=1995–present|children=3|image=Shonda Rhimes at the 75th Annual Peabody Awards (cropped).jpg}} '''Shonda Lynn Rhimes'''<ref>[https://home.dartmouth.edu/events/commencement "Shonda L. Rhimes '91 (Doctor of Arts)"]. [[:en:Dartmouth_College|Dartmouth College]]. June 8, 2014. Retrieved October 9, 2014.</ref> o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1970 kgwedi ya Firikgong e le malatsi a le lesome le boraro<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230314005855/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2021/01/13/UPI-Almanac-for-Wednesday-Jan-13-2021/4791610505329/ "UPI Almanac for Wednesday, Jan. 13, 2021"]. ''[[:en:United_Press_International|United Press International]]''. January 13, 2021. from the original on February 27, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021. <q>…TV producer Shonda Rhimes in 1970 (age 51)…</q></ref>, ke mosimolodi ebile e le mokwadi wa mo [[:en:America|America]], o simolotse kompone e e dirang ditshwantsho tsa motshikinyego e e bidiwang [[:en:Shondaland|Shondaland]]. Mo ngwageng wa 2023, ke mongwe wa bomme ba bakgatlhisi ba ba humileng kwa America, dithoto, madi le dikhumo tsa gagwe tsotlhe ga di tlhakantswe di ka nna di milione tsa di dolara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/marisadellatto/2023/06/01/here-are-the-15-richest-women-celebrities-in-america/?sh=42d101ee253e "Here Are The 15 Richest Women Celebrities In America".] ''Forbes''. June 1, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2023.</ref> Rhimes o simolotse go itsege e le motsamaisi, modiri, mokwadi, le motlhagisi mogolo wa setshwantsho sa telebishini sa botsogo sa [[:en:Grey's_Anatomy|Grey's Anatomy]] e e simologileng ka ngwaga wa 2005 mme e ntse e tsweletse le gompieno; le setshwantsho sa polotiki sa [[:en:Scandal_(TV_series)|Scandal,]] se sone se simolotseng ka ngwaga wa 2012 mme sa fela ka 2018, bobedi jwa ditshwantsho tse di ne di diretswe seteishene sa telebishini sa [[:en:American_Broadcasting_Company|ABC.]] O berekile gape e le motlhagisi mogolo wa [[:en:How_to_Get_Away_with_Murder|How to Get Away With Murder]] e e neng e supiwa go tswa ka 2014 go tsena 2020, le setshwantsho sa motseletsele sa [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]] se se bidiwang [[:en:Bridgerton|Bridgerton]] se se simolotseng ka 2020 mme se ntse se tsweletse, ga mmogo le [[:en:Queen_Charlotte:_A_Bridgerton_Story|Queen Charlotte: A Bridgerton Story]] ya ngwaga wa 2023 le [[:en:Inventing_Anna|Inventing Anna]] ya ngwaga wa 2022. Makasine wa [[:en:Time_(magazine)|Time]] o tlhophile Rhimes go nna mongwe wa batho ba le lekgolo ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso e e kwa godimo mo lefatsheng ka bophara, ka ngwaga wa 2007, 2013 le 2021.<ref>Oh, Sandra (May 3, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070505050617/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1595332_1616813,00.html "The TIME 100, ARTISTS & ENTERTAINERS".] ''TIME''. Archived from [https://time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1595332_1616813,00.html the original] on May 5, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-05.</ref><ref>Sinay, Danielle (September 15, 2021). [https://www.indy100.com/news/time100-most-influential-people-2021-b1920755 "Time releases its 100 most influential people list".] [[:en:The_Independent|''Indy100''.]] Retrieved November 13, 2021.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2015 o ne a gatisa buka ya gagwe ya ntlha e e buang ka botshelo jwa gagwe e bidiwa ''Year of Yes:How to dance it out, Stand in the Sun, and Be Your Own Person.'' == Kgodiso le thuto ya gagwe == Rhimes o tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Chicago|Chicago]] kwa [[:en:Illinois|Illinois]],e le ngwana wa gofejane mo baneng ba le barataro ba ga ''Vera P.'' (o neng a dirisa sefane sa Cain pele) o eleng morutuntshi le ''Ilee Rhimes Jr.'', o eleng motsamaisi kwa sekolong sa ithutelo ditiro.<ref>Paskin, Willa (May 9, 2013). [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/12/magazine/shonda-rhimes.html "Network TV Is Broken. So How Does Shonda Rhimes Keep Making Hits?"]. ''[[:en:The_New_York_Times|The New York Times Magazine]]''. Retrieved May 9, 2013.</ref><ref>Stated on ''[[:en:Finding_Your_Roots|Finding Your Roots]]'', January 19, 2016, PBS</ref> Mmagwe o tsene sekolo se segolwane a ntse a godisa bana ba le barataro mme a aloga ka PhD ya [[:en:Academic_administration|Educational Administration]] ka ngwaga wa 1991. Rragwe, o o nang le thutego ya [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|MBA]], o nnile tlhogo ya babereki ba tshedimosetso kwa sekolong sa ithutelo ditiro sa [[:en:University_of_Southern_California|University of Southern California]], go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>[https://today.usc.edu/usc-selects-new-vice-provost-and-cio/ "USC selects new vice provost and CIO"]. ''news.usc.edu''. June 11, 2013. Retrieved February 26, 2016.</ref> Rhimes o nnile kwa [[:en:Park_Forest,_Illinois|Park Forest South]] (kwa jaanong e leng [[:en:University_Park,_Illinois|University Park,Illinois]]) le bo kgaitsadie ba babedi le bomogolowe ba basadi ba le bararo. O boletse fa a sale a supa lorato mo go boleleng dipolelo a santse a le mmotlana.<ref name=":1">[https://www.hollywood.com/category/celebrities Shonda Rhimes profile], hollywood.com; accessed January 28, 2015.</ref> Fa a santse a le kwa sekolong, o ne a ithaopile kwa sepatela, mme mo go ne ga kgatlha leitlho la gagwe fa go tla mo ditikologong tsa sepatela.<ref>Maureen, Ryan (December 21, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090621165401/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/entertainment_tv/2005/12/shonda_rhimes_a.html "Shonda Rhimes, creator of 'Grey's Anatomy' and a Chicagoan of the Year".] ''The Watcher''. [http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/entertainment_tv/2005/12/shonda_rhimes_a.html Archived] from the original on June 21, 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2008.</ref> Rhimes o o godisitsweng ba tsena kereke ya [[:en:Catholic|katoliki]], o tsene sekolo sa [[:en:Marian_Catholic_High_School_(Illinois)|Marian Catholic High School]] kwa [[:en:Chicago_Heights,_Illinois|Chicago Heights]] kwa Illinois.<ref>Shapiro, Marc (2015). ''Welcome to Shondaland, An Unauthorized Biography of Shonda Rhimes''. United States: Riverdale Avenue Books. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781626012394|<bdi>9781626012394</bdi>.]]</ref> Kwa [[:en:Dartmouth_College|Dartmouth College]] o ne a lebagane le dithuto tsa sekgoa le dibaesekopo, mme a aloga ka ngwaga wa 1991.<ref name=":0">Hardwick, Zac (April 22, 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141016065637/http://thedartmouth.com/2014/04/22/news/shonda-rhimes-91-scandal-producer-to-address-graduates "Shonda Rhimes '91, 'Scandal' producer, to address graduates".] ''thedartmouth.com''. Archived from [https://www.thedartmouth.com/2014/04/22/news/shonda-rhimes-91-scandal-producer-to-address-graduates the original] on October 16, 2014. Retrieved October 9, 2014.</ref><ref>Apr 2015, Jennifer Wulff '96 | Mar-. [https://dartmouthalumnimagazine.com/articles/televisions-wonder-woman "Television's Wonder Woman".] ''Dartmouth Alumni Magazine''. Retrieved 2019-04-02.</ref> O ne a nna leloko la mokgatlo wa ''Black Underground Theater Association'' kwa Dartmouth. O ne a kgaoganya nako ya gagwe gareng ga go kwala ditiragalo tse dit itlhametsweng le go kaela ebile a diragatsa mo ditlhamong tsa bone tsa bana ba sekolo.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a kwala gape mo pampiring ya dikgang ya sekolo.<ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/quiet-mystery-shonda-rhimes-203448/ "The Quiet Mystery of Shonda Rhimes"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. 23 June 2011. Retrieved 2019-04-02.</ref> Morago ga sekolo, o ne a fudugela kwa [[:en:San_Francisco|San Francisco]] le mogolowe mme a bereka mo go tsa papatso kwa [[:en:McCann_(company)|McCann Erickson.]] O ne a tloga a fudugela kwa [[:en:Los_Angeles|Los Angeles]] go tsena sekolo sa ithutelo ditiro sa University of Southern California, a ithutela tsa bokwadi jwa difilimi.<ref name=":1" /> Rhimes o ne a ikgapela dithuso tsa go tsweledisa sekolo tsa [[:en:Gary_Rosenberg|Gary Rosenberg]], ka a ne a gaisitse ba a neng a tsena sekolo le bone.<ref name=":2">Wilson, Stacey (June 26, 2011). [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/greys-anatomys-shonda-rhimes-turns-205721/ "'Grey's Anatomy's' Shonda Rhimes Turns Up The Heat In New Series 'Scandal'".] ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved October 9, 2014.</ref> O ne a aloga ka [[:en:Master_of_Fine_Arts|Master of Fine Arts degree]] kwa [[:en:USC_School_of_Cinematic_Arts|USC School of Cinematic Arts.]] Fa a le kwa USC, Rhimes o ne a hiriwa ka nakwana ke [[:en:Debra_Martin_Chase|Debra Martin Chase]]. Rhimes o supa fa go atlega ga gagwe ka dinako tsa a santse a simolola, bontlha bongwe jwa gone e le ka thuso ya barutuntshi ba tshwana le Chase, o e leng mo mosimolodisi wa difilimi wa lotso lwa [[:en:African_Americans|African-American]]. O berekile gape kwa komponeng ya ga [[:en:Denzel_Washington|Denzel Washington]], ya ''Mundy Lane Entertainment.''<ref name=":3">Rose, Lacey (October 8, 2014). [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/shonda-rhimes-opens-up-angry-738715/ "Shonda Rhimes Opens Up About 'Angry Black Woman' Flap, Messy 'Grey's Anatomy' Chapter, and the 'Scandal' Impact"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved October 9, 2014.</ref> Chase o e a rutuntsha Rhimes; ba berekile mmogo mo filiming ya [[:en:The_Princess_Diaries|The Princess Diaries]] ya bobedi. == Tiro == === Tshimololo ya tiro: 1995 go tsena ka 2004 === Morago ga go aloga, Rhimes o ne a nna mokwadi wa difilimi kwa [[:en:Hollywood,_Los_Angeles|Hollywood]] o o sa berekeng.<ref name=":1" /> O ne a bereka ditiro tse di farologaneng gore a kgone go itlamela, ditiro tseo di akaretsa go nna motsamaisi wa ofisi, mogakolodi kwa lefelong le le rutang batho ba ba senang malwapa le ba ba lwalang malwetsi a tlhaloganyo ditiro. Ka nako eo Rhimes o ne a bereka e le mokaedi wa dipatlisiso mo thulaganyong ya [[:en:Hank_Aaron:_Chasing_the_Dream|Hank Aron: Chasing The Dream]] ka ngwaga wa 1995, e e neng ya fenya seetsele sa [[:en:Peabody_Awards|Peabody]] ka ngwaga wa 1995.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka ngwaga wa 19, Rhimes o ne a dira filimi e khutshwane e e bidiwang ''Blossoms and Veils'', e mo go yone baanelwa-bagolo e leng [[:en:Jada_Pinkett_Smith|Jada Pinkett-Smith]] le [[:en:Jeffrey_Wright|Jeffrey Wright]];ke yone fela e a dirileng mo go yone e le mokaedi wa filimi.<ref name=":1" /> [[:en:New_Line_Cinema|New Line Cinema]] e ne ya reka mokwalo wa gagwe. Rhimes o ne a iwa tiro ya go kwala filimi ya [[:en:Introducing_Dorothy_Dandridge|Introducing Dorothy Dandridge]] ya ngwaga wa 1999. O o neng a tshameka moanelwa-mogolo [[:en:Halle_Berry|Halle Berry]] o fentse dietsele di le dintsi ka yone filimi e.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2001, Rhimes o ne a kwala [[:en:Crossroads_(2002_film)|Crossroads,]] a kwala le ba bangwe, e e leng ka tshimologo ya moopedi [[:en:Britney_Spears|Britney Spears.]]<ref>Moss, Corey (November 6, 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131021140352/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1450525/britneys-heart-into-crossroads.jhtml "Britney's heart into 'Crossroads,' outtakes from flick appear on Britney".] MTV. [[:en:Paramount_Media_Networks|MTV Networks.]] Retrieved July 15, 2011.</ref> Le ntswa batho ba ne ba e kgala, e dirile dimilione di le masome a marataro a di dolara lefatshe ka bophara.<ref>Snetiker, Marc (2012-02-15). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141016153118/http://popwatch.ew.com/2012/02/15/crossroads-tenth-anniversary/ "Crossroads Tenth Anniversary".] [[:en:Entertainment_Weekly|''Entertainment Weekly''.]] [[:en:Time_Warner|Time Warner.]] Archived from [https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/ the original] on 2014-10-16. Retrieved 2012-03-09.</ref><ref>[https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2722989569/ "Crossroads Daily Chart View".] ''Box Office Mojo''. 2002-02-15. Retrieved 2002-02-15.</ref> Rhimes o ne a bereka gape a kwala filimi ya The Princess Diaries ya bobedi. Le ntswa e ne ya seka ya rekisa thata, Rhimes o ne a re ke letlotlo la maitemogelo mo go ene, ka a kgonne go bereka le moanelwa wa yone [[:en:Julie_Andrews|Julie Andrew]]. <ref name=":1" />Ka ngwaga wa 2003,Rhimes o kwadile filimi ya telebishini a kwalela ABC, e e neng e le ka bomme ba ba begang dikgang kwa ntweng, mme ba ABC ba ne ba e gana.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> === Grey's Anatomy, Private Practice, Scandal le dithulaganyo tse dingwe tsa ABC === Rhimes ke motlhami ebile ke mo mogasi-mogolo le mokadi-mogolo wa thulaganyo ya Grey's Anatomy. Thulaganyo-tatelano e e simolotse e emeletse thulaganyo e nngwe ka ngwaga wa 2005, kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bosupa. E latela matshelo a babereki ba ba dirang loaro kwa sepateleng se se itlhametsweng sa ''Seattle Grace Hospital'' (se morago se tla fetolwang go nna ''Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital'') kwa [[:en:Seattle|Seattle]], [[:en:Washington_(state)|Washington]]. Thulaganyo e e na le badiragtsi ba le bantsi, [[:en:Ellen_Pompeo|Ellen Pompeo]] a diragatsa e le moanelwa o leina la gagwe le leng mo setlhogong sa thulaganyo, ebong [[:en:Meredith_Grey|Meredith]], o e leng ene a bolelang ditiragalo mo bontsing jwa metseletsele ya dikarolo tsa thulaganyo e.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120524054650/http://www.zap2it.com/tv/news/zap-abc-upfront-grid,0,7505738.story "ABC Fall 2006 Schedule".] ''Zap2it''. 2006-07-11. Archived from [http://tvlistings.zap2it.com/tv/news/zap-abc-upfront-grid,0,7505738.story the original] on 2012-05-24. Retrieved 2006-10-25.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Rhimes o ne a dira a bo a tlhama thulaganyo e e duleng mo go ya Grey's Anatomy, e bidiwa [[:en:Private_Practice_(TV_series)|Private Practice]],e e simolotseng ka ngwaga wa 2007, Lwetse a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le borataro, kwa ABC. Thulaganyo e e ranola botshelo jwa ga [[:en:Addison_Montgomery|Dr. Addison Montgomery]] ([[:en:Kate_Walsh_(actress)|Kate Walsh]]) fa a tswa kwa Seattle Grace Hospital a ya go bereka mo sepateleng se se ikemetseng kwa Los Angeles. Thulaganyo e le yone e na le badiragatsi ba le bantsi, ba akaretsa [[:en:Tim_Daly|Tim Dalt]], [[:en:Amy_Brenneman|Amy Brenneman]], [[:en:Audra_McDonald|Audra McDonald]] le [[:en:Taye_Diggs|Taye Diggs]]. Kgaolo ya ntlha e ne ya khutsufadiwa ke go lwela ditshwanelo ga bakwadi; e na le dikgaolo di le borobabongwe. Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2012, ABC e ne ya gasa gape kgaolo ya ngwaga wa 2012 go tsena ka 2013 ya Private Practice e nale dikgaolo di le lesome le boraro. Karolo ya bofelo e supilwe ka Firikgong, a le malatsi a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>''[https://twitter.com/shondarhimes/status/6443222544 Private Practice (TV Series 2007–2013)] - IMDb'', retrieved 2019-03-02</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Rhimes o ne a amogela pitso ya go godisa ngwana wa gagwe wa ntlha wa mosetsana ka Seetebosigo 2002, mme a godisa o mongwe ka Tlhakole 2012.<ref>[https://www.essence.com/news/shonda-rhimes-adopts-2nd-baby-girl/ "Shonda Rhimes adopts second baby girl".] ''Essence''. April 7, 2012.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2013, Rhimes o ne a amogela ngwana wa gagwe wa boraro wa mosetsana o a neng a imilwe ke mosadi o mongwe.<ref>[https://twitter.com/shondarhimes/status/380480456694980608 <nowiki>shonda rhimes [@shondarhimes] (18 September 2013). "Been AWOL from Twitter. I totally have a good reason: TINY HUMAN #3 is here and she's perfect! Babies are good. Life is good. #2shows3kids" (Tweet) – via Twitter.</nowiki>]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Rhimes o ne a fa molaetsa kwa Dartmouth College, kwa a tseneng sekolo teng, mme a neelwa seetsele sa tlotla.<ref>Sundberg Seaman, Kelly (April 21, 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141007092108/http://now.dartmouth.edu/2014/04/tv-producer-shonda-rhimes-91-to-speak-at-commencement/ "TV Producer Shonda Rhimes '91 to Speak at Commencement".] ''Dartmouth College''. Archived [http://www.dartmouth.edu/2014/04/tv-producer-shonda-rhimes-91-to-speak-at-commencement from the] original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved October 9, 2014.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Lwetse, Rhimes o ne a supa fa a latlhegetswe ke dikilogram di le masome a matlhano le boraro ka go ikatisa le go ja sentle.<ref>[https://www.today.com/health/shonda-rhimes-loves-her-117-pound-weight-loss-admits-she-t47541 "Shonda Rhimes reveals 117-pound weight loss, admits she 'hated' dieting"]. ''TODAY.com''. October 2015. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</ref><ref>[https://www.today.com/health/shonda-rhimes-reveals-airplane-incident-sparked-her-117-pound-weight-t54796 "Shonda Rhimes reveals airplane incident that sparked her 117-pound weight loss".] ''TODAY.com''. 9 November 2015. Retrieved 2015-11-12.</ref> == Shondaland == Shondaland ke leina la kompone ya ga Rhimes e e tlhamang dithulaganyo.<ref>Lebeau, Jordan (September 22, 2014). [https://www.boston.com/entertainment/tv/2014/09/22/the-angry-black-women-shondaland-what-the-new-york-times-and-slate-got-wrong/w0qFtBv5sHZICbFrKmw4UM/story.html "The Angry Black Women of Shondaland: What The New York Times (and Slate) Got Wrong".] ''[[:en:The_Boston_Globe|The Boston Globe]]''. Retrieved September 23, 2014.</ref> Shondaland le setshwantsho sa kompone eo, e supa gape dithulaganyo tse Rhimes a di tlhamileng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141014040752/http://theshondalandsource.com/about "About Us".] ''The Shondaland Source''. 2014. Archived from [http://theshondalandsource.com/about the original] on October 14, 2014. Retrieved September 23, 2014.</ref> Dithulaganyo tse di kwa Shondaland di akaretsa: * [[:en:Grey's_Anatomy|Grey's Anatomy]] (go tswa 2005 go tsena gompieno) * [[:en:Private_Practice_(TV_series)|Private Practice]] (go tswa ka 2007 go tsena 2013) * [[:en:Off_the_Map_(TV_series)|Off the Map]] (2011) * [[:en:Scandal_(TV_series)|Scandal]] (go tswa ka 2012 go tsena ka 2018) * [[:en:How_to_Get_Away_with_Murder|How To Get Away with Murder]] (go tswa ka 2014 go tsena ka 2020) * [[:en:The_Catch_(American_TV_series)|The Catch]] (go tswa ka 2016 go tsena ka 2017) * [[:en:Still_Star-Crossed|Still Star-Crossed]] (2017) * [[:en:For_the_People_(2018_TV_series)|For The People]] (2018 go tsena ka 2019) * [[:en:Station_19|Station 19]] (2018 go tsena gompieno) * [[:en:Bridgerton|Bridgerton]] (2020 go tsena gompieno) * [[:en:Inventing_Anna|Inventing Anna]] (2022) == Difilimi == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! ! ! colspan="4" |O akgoletswe |- !Ngwaga !Setlhogo |'''botlhami''' |'''bokaedi''' |'''bokwadi''' |'''bosimolodi''' |- |1995 |[[:en:Hank_Aaron:_Chasing_the_Dream|Hank Aaron:Chasing the Dream]] |nnya |ee<ref>Credited as ''Research Director''.</ref> |nnya |nnya |- |1998 |''Blossoms and Veils'' |nnya |ee |ee |nnya |- |1999 |[[:en:Introducing_Dorothy_Dandridge|Introducing Dorothy Dandridge]] |nnya |nnya |ee |nnya |- |2002 |[[:en:Crossroads_(2002_film)|Crossroads]] |nnya |nnya |ee |nnya |- |2004 |[[:en:The_Princess_Diaries_2:_Royal_Engagement|The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement]] |nnya |nnya |ee |nnya |- |2005 go tsena gompieno |[[:en:Grey's_Anatomy|Grey's Anatomy]] |ee |nnya |ee |ee |- |2007 go tsena 2013 |[[:en:Private_Practice_(TV_series)|Private Practice]] |ee |nnya |ee |ee |- |2009 |''Inside the Box'' |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2009 |''Seattle Grace:On Call'' |ee |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2009 |''Seattle Grace:Message of Hope'' |ee |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2011 |[[:en:Off_the_Map_(TV_series)|Off the Map]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2012 |''Gilded Lylis'' |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2012 go tsena ka 2018 |[[:en:Scandal_(TV_series)|Scandal]] |ee |nnya |ee |ee |- |2014 go tsena ka 2020 |[[:en:How_to_Get_Away_with_Murder|How To Get Away With Murder]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2016 go tsena ka 2017 |[[:en:The_Catch_(American_TV_series)|The Catch]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2017 |[[:en:Still_Star-Crossed|Still Star Crossed]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2018 go tsena ka 2019 |[[:en:For_the_People_(2018_TV_series)|For The People]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2018 go tsena gompieno |[[:en:Station_19|Station 19]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2020 go tsena gompieno |[[:en:Bridgerton|Bridgerton]] |nnya |nnya |nnya |ee |- |2022 |[[:en:Inventing_Anna|Inventing Anna]] |ee |nnya |ee |ee |- |2023 |[[:en:Queen_Charlotte:_A_Bridgerton_Story|Queen Charlotte:A Bridgerton Story]] |ee |nnya |ee |ee |- |Letsatsi le le tla bolelwang |''Notes on Love''<ref>White, Peter (September 24, 2019). [https://deadline.com/2019/09/shondaland-notes-on-love-norman-lear-steve-martin-netflix-1202743382/ "Shondaland Teams With Norman Lear, Steve Martin & 'Shrill' Creator Lindy West On Neflix Anthology Series 'Notes On Love'".] ''Deadline Hollywood''. Retrieved September 24, 2019.</ref> |go tla bolelwa |go tla bolelwa |ee |ee |- | | | | | | |} 9ry7qgyvknh4uavt3c4hp82iyajtqrp 0 9073 51132 36903 2026-06-19T22:41:59Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sean Everitt''' ke mokatise wa mo Aforika Borwa wa [[:en:Rugby_union|mokgatlho wa rugby]] (rugby union). Oile a neelwa bokatisi jwa  setlhopha sa [[:en:Sharks_(rugby_union)|Sharks]] se se tshamekang mo kgaisanyong ya [[:en:Super_Rugby|Super Rugby]].<ref>[https://www.sarugbymag.co.za/sharks-confirm-coaching-lineup/ Sharks confirm coaching lineup]". ''SA Rugby Mag''. 2 September 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2020</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231108225104/https://www.news24.com/Sport/sharks-finalise-coaching-team-for-super-rugby-2020-20190902 Sharks finalise coaching team for Super Rugby 2020".] ''Sport24''. 2 September 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2020.</ref>O katisa gape setlhopha sa [[:en:Sharks_(Currie_Cup)|Sharks(Currie Cup)]]  se se gaisanyang mo [[:en:Currie_Cup|Currie Cup]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20231101144357/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/rugby/sharks-name-sean-everitt-as-currie-cup-coach-for-2019/ Sharks name Sean Everitt as Currie Cup coach for 2019".] ''The South African''. 28 June 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2020.</ref> Oile a ithola marapo jaaka mokatise wa setlhopha sa Sharks, morago ga tatlhegelo ee botlhoko ebile e tlhabisa ditlhong ya dinno tse di masome mararo le botlhano go lefela.(35-0). === Metswedi === <references /> orjzqtlykcz61sri8kxpbv4pg43m8i7 0 9181 51117 49476 2026-06-19T21:09:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Pearl Thusi|caption=Pearl Thusi at the 2014 Metro FM Music Awards in Durban|birthname=Sithembile Xola Pearl Thusi|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1988|05|13|df=y}}|birth_place=Hammarsdale, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa|education=University of the Witwatersrand|occupation=* Actress * model * radio personality * television host * businesswoman|yearsactive=2003–present|known for=Queen Sono Quantico (TV series){{!}}Quantico Bulletproof (TV series){{!}}Bulletproof] Fistful of Vengeance The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency|children=2|website={{URL|http://www.pearlthusiofficial.com}}}} '''Sithembile Xola Pearl Thusi''' o tshotswe ka Motsheganong a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1988. Ke modiragatsi, mmabontle ebile ke mogasi. O itsege ka baanelwa ba a batshamekileng jaaka ''Patricia Kopong'' mo motseletseleng wa motshameko o o kgathisang wa motswedi wa tshedimosetso wa [[:en:BBC|BBC/]][[:en:HBO|HBO]] o o bidiwang [[:en:The_No._1_Ladies'_Detective_Agency_(TV_series)|The No.1 Ladies' Detective Agency,]] ''Dayana Mampasi'' mo [[:en:Quantico_(TV_series)|Quantico]] e e neng e supiwa mo [[:en:ABC_Signature#ABC_Studios|ABC,]] le Samkelo mo filiming ya marato ya [[:en:Catching_Feelings_(film)|Catching Feelings.]]<ref>[https://tv.apple.com/ee/person/pearl-thusi/umc.cpc.70b5nbdghnp156oj3zpk1jxe "Pearl Thusi Films and Shows – Apple TV (EE)"]. ''Apple TV''. Retrieved 28 May 2024.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a nna moanelwa-mogolo mo motseletseleng wa [[Aferika|Aforika]] wa ntlha go supiwa mo [[:en:Netflix|Netflix,]] ebong [[:en:Queen_Sono|Queen Sono.]]<ref>Kanter, Jake (28 April 2020). [https://deadline.com/2020/04/queen-sono-netflix-renews-first-african-original-1202919754/ "'Queen Sono': Netflix Renews Its First African Original Series".] ''Deadline''. Retrieved 13 August 2020.</ref> == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto == Thusi o tswa kwa motsesetoropong wa ''KwaNdengezi'' le kwa [[:en:Mpumalanga,_KwaZulu-Natal|Hammarsdale]] gaufi le [[:en:Durban|Durban]]. O na le bomonnawe ba basetsana ba le babedi.<ref>Jordan, Andrea (17 January 2017). [https://www.essence.com/celebrity/pearl-thusi-interview/ "Why South African Actress and Beauty Expert Pearl Thusi Is The One To Watch".] ''Essence''. Retrieved 11 August 2021.</ref> O tsene sekolo sa basetsana fela kwa [[:en:Pinetown_Girls'_High_School|Pinetown Girls' High School.]]<ref>Madu, Golden (8 April 2022). [https://dnbstories.com/2022/04/pearl-thusi-biography-marriage-husband-and-children.html "Pearl Thusi Biography: Age, Marriage, Husband and Children"]. ''DNB Stories Africa''. Retrieved 28 May 2024.</ref> O simolotse dithuto tsa gagwe kwa [[:en:University_of_the_Witwatersrand|University of Witwatersrand]] (Wits University), mme a ikgogela morago gore a nne le nako ya go bereka. Ka ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a tsweledisa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa [[:en:University_of_South_Africa|University of South Africa]] (UNISA).<ref>Ngenyane, Andiswa (28 January 2020). [https://www.snl24.com/dailysun/Celebs/pearl-thusi-goes-back-to-school-20200128 "Pearl Thusi goes back to school".] ''Daily Sun''. Retrieved 11 August 2021.</ref> == Lelapa le Dikamano == Thusi o na le bomorwadiabobedi. Ngwana wa gagwe wa ntlha, Thando Mokwena, e leng ngwana wa gagwe wa madi, le ngwana yo o tshotseng yo o bidiwang Okuhlekonke Thusi.<ref>Mbayimbayi, Asanda (10 October 2023). [https://www.citizen.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/she-confuses-some-letters-curriculum-specialist-on-pearl-thusis-daughter/ "'She confuses some letters' – curriculum specialist on Pearl Thusi's daughter"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 28 May 2024.</ref> == Tiro == Thusi ke mogasi wa [[:en:Lip_Sync_Battle|Lip Sync Battle Africa]] mo [[:en:MTV|MTV]] le [[:en:E.tv|e.tv,]] ga mmogo le mo thulaganyong ya pusiano ya ''Moments'' mo [[:en:Ebonylife_TV|EbonyLife TV.]] <ref>Zeeman, Kyle (2 July 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231030143152/https://www.news24.com/Channel/Watch-Pearl-Thusi-and-Lerato-K-make-their-Ebony-Life-TV-debut-20150702 "Pearl and Lerato K make their Ebony Life TV debut".] ''Channel24''. Retrieved 21 February 2019.</ref>O kile a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong ya [[:en:SABC_3|SABC 3]] ya [[:en:Isidingo|Isidingo]] a tshameka Palesa Motaung, a gasa ''Live Amp'' le ''DJ Warras'' le [[:en:Luthando_Shosha|Luthando Shosha]], le thulaganyo ya [[:en:SABC_1|SABC 1]] ya ''Real Goboza.''<ref>[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=7058 "Pearl Thusi - TVSA".]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2009, Thusi o ne a tlhagelela mo thulaganyong e e kgatlhisang e e neng e gasiwa mo motsweding wa tshedimosetso wa BBC/HBO e bidiwa The No.1 Ladies Detective Agency.<ref>Naik, Sameer (26 January 2019). [https://www.iol.co.za/saturday-star/news/atypicalinterview-with-pearl-thusi-18970413 "A Typical Interview with Pearl Thusi".] ''IOL''. Retrieved 21 February 2019.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2015, Thusi o tlhageletse e le Dr. Nandi Montabu mo [[:en:Tremors_5:_Bloodlines|Tremors 5:Bloodlines.]] O tlhageletse gape mo setshwantshong sa mmino se bidiwa "Pearl Thusi" sa ga [[:en:Emtee|Emtee.]]<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwQ6q--avE0 "Emtee Pearl Thusi".] ''[[:en:YouTube|YouTube]]''. 26 January 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2018.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Thusi o ne a nna mongwe wa ba ba tlhagelelang kgapetsa mo karolong ya bobedi ya thulaganyo ya metseletsele ya ABC e e bidiwang Quantico a le Dayana Mampasi, a diragatsa le [[:en:Priyanka_Chopra|Priyanka Chopra.]]<ref>Petski, Denise (12 July 2016). [https://deadline.com/2016/07/quantico-cast-pearl-thusi-series-regular-1201785594/ "'Quantico' Casts Pearl Thusi As New Series Regular For Season 2".] Retrieved 13 July 2016.</ref> <ref>[https://blavity.com/entertainment/2016/07/12/south-african-actress-pearl-thusi-joins-quantico-cast-as-a-series-regular-her-stateside-debut/ "South African Actress Pearl Thusi Joins 'Quantico' Cast as Series Regular - Her Stateside Debut".] Shadow and Act. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2016.</ref>Ka one ngwaga oo, Thusi o ne a diragatsa e le Samkelo mo filiming ya marato ya Catching Feelings.<ref>Stidhum, Tonja (19 June 2017). [https://web.archive.org/web/20211117032825/http://hollywoodsblackrenaissance.com/laff-2017-catching-feelings/ "LAFF 2017: 'Catching Feelings' Starring Pearl Thusi Navigates the Journey of Sex, Marriage, & Love".] ''The South African''. Retrieved 7 March 2018.</ref> Filimi e e ntshitswe ka Mopitlo a le lesome le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 2018.<ref>Andersen, Nic (28 February 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231002204733/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/catching-feelings-release-date-cast-latest-trailer/ "Catching Feelings: South African release date, cast and latest trailer".] ''The South African''. Retrieved 7 March 2018.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2017 Thusi o ne a diragatsa e le Brenda Riviera mo filiming ya [[:en:Kalushi|Kalushi.]]<ref>[https://www.marieclaireinternational.com/celebrity/pearl-thusi-kalushi-interview "Pearl Thusi Says Kalushi Shoot Took Her Back To Apartheid"]. ''Marie Claire''. 9 March 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2019.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2018, Thusi o ne a nna mogasi o mosha wa kgaolo ya boraro ya ''Behind The Story'' ya MTV Base.<ref>[https://www.msn.com/en-za/entertainment/local/behind-the-story-with-new-host-pearl-thusi-is-back-on-mtv-base-zaleb-gossip-and-more-dstv/vp-BBMkkqN "Behind The Story with new host Pearl Thusi is back on MTV Base!".] ''MSN Entertainment''. 23 August 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2018.</ref> E ntse e le one ngwaga oo, Thusi o ne a nna moanelwamogolo wa Queen Sono mo thulaganyong ya [[:en:Netflix|Netflix]] e bidiwa Queen Sono.<ref name=":0">White, Peter (10 December 2018). [https://deadline.com/2018/12/queen-sono-pearl-thusi-netflix-1202516920/ "'Quantico' Star Pearl Thusi To Lead 'Queen Sono', Netflix's First African Original Series".] Deadline. Retrieved 11 December 2018.</ref> Thulaganyo e ne ya simolola ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ka ngwaga wa 2020 mme ya amogelesega ka diatla tsoo-pedi mo basekaseking, bogolo jang bodiragatsi jwa gagwe Thusi.<ref>''[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/queen_sono/s01 Queen Sono: Season 1]'', retrieved 13 August 2020</ref> <ref>''[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/queen_sono Queen Sono]'', retrieved 13 August 2020</ref><ref>Isama, Antoinette (11 June 2019). [https://www.okayafrica.com/production-for-queen-sono-netflix-first-african-original-series-is-underway/ "Production for 'Queen Sono,' Netflix's First African Original Series, Is Underway".] ''OkayAfrica''. Retrieved 12 June 2019.</ref><ref>Winifred, Chisom (10 December 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231002204734/https://glamafrica.com/queen-sono "Queen is coming: Queen Sono premieres February 28th, 2020".] ''Glam Africa''. Retrieved 11 December 2019.</ref>Ka Moranang 2020, e ne ya ntshafadiwa go nna le kgaolo ya bobedi,<ref>Kanter, Jake (28 April 2020). [https://deadline.com/2020/04/queen-sono-netflix-renews-first-african-original-1202919754/ "'Queen Sono': Netflix Renews Its First African Original Series".] ''Deadline Hollywood''. Retrieved 28 April 2020.</ref> mme e ne ya re ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2020, ga begiwa fa Netflix e emisitse thulaganyo eo ka ntlha ya dikgwetlho tsa kgatiso tse di bakilweng ke segajaja sa [[:en:COVID-19|COVID-19]].<ref>Eloff, Herman (26 November 2020). [https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/tv/queen-sonos-second-season-cancelled-amid-current-trying-times-20201126-2 "Queen Sono's second season cancelled amid 'current trying times'".] ''Channel24''. Retrieved 26 November 2020.</ref> Ka Morule a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2020, o ne a nna mogasi wa dietsele tsa ntlha tsa kwa [[:en:KwaZulu-Natal|KZN]] tsa tloso budutu tsa [[:en:1st_KZN_Entertainment_Awards|1st KZN Entertainment Awards]] a gasa le [[:en:Somizi_Mhlongo|Somizi Mhlongo.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231030143154/https://www.entertainmentsa.co.za/2020/12/somizi-and-pearl-thusi-to-co-host-the-kwazulu-natal-entertainment-awards/ "Somizi and Pearl Thusi to co-host the Kwazulu Natal Entertainment Awards".] 8 December 2020.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://briefly.co.za/90319-pearl-thusi-somizi-mhlongo-motaung-score-a-dope-hosting-gig.html "Pearl Thusi and Somizi Mhlongo-Motaung score a dope new hosting gig"]. 9 December 2020.</ref><ref>[https://fakazanews.com/2020/12/08/somizi-mhlongo-and-pearl-thusi-to-host-kzn-entertainment-awards/ "Somizi Mhlongo and Pearl Thusi to host KZN Entertainment Awards &#x7C; Fakaza News".] 8 December 2020.</ref> Ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa 2021, Thusi o ne a nna Zama Zulu mo filiming ya Netflix ya [[:en:Fistful_of_Vengeance|Fistful of Vengeance]]. <ref>Petski, Denise (26 February 2021). [https://deadline.com/2021/02/wu-assassins-standalone-movie-netflix-fistful-of-vengeance-1234702006/ "'Wu Assassins' Standalone Movie Set At Netflix".] ''Deadline Hollywood''. Retrieved 27 February 2021.</ref>E gasitswe ka Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>Massoto, Erick (20 January 2022). [https://collider.com/fistful-of-vengeance-trailer-wu-assassins-netflix/ "'Fistful of Vengeance' Trailer Reveals the 'Wu Assassins' Standalone Movie Coming to Netflix".] ''Collider''. Retrieved 20 January 2022.</ref> == Difilimi tse a di Tshamekileng == === Filimi === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo |- |2015 |''[[Tremors 5: Bloodlines]]'' |Ngaka Nandi Montabu |- |2015 |''Einfach Rosa: Wolken über Kapstadt'' |Nandi |- |2017 |''[[Catching Feelings]]'' |Samkelo |- |2017 |''[[Kalushi: The Story of Solomon Mahlangu]]'' |Brenda Riviera |- |2018 |''[[The Scorpion King: Book of Souls]]'' |Tala |- |2020 |''[[Bulletproof 2]]'' |Joanna "Jo" Schmidt |- |2022 |''[[Fistful of Vengeance]]'' |Zama Zulu |} Thelebishene {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Karolo |- |2009 |''[[The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency]]'' |Patricia Kopong |- |2011–2012 |''Zone 14'' |Samkelisiwe |- |2011–2016 |''Live Amp'' |Motsamaelatedi-mmogo |- |2012 |''Real Goboza'' |Motsamaelatedi-mmogo |- |2013 |''[[Isidingo]]'' |Palesa Motaung |- |2013 |''Tropika Island of Treasure'' |Motsamaisi |- |2015 |''Moments'' |Motsamaelatedi-mmogo |- |2016–2017 |''[[Lip Sync Battle Africa]]'' |Motsamaelatedi-mmogo |- |2016–2017 |''[[Quantico]]'' |Dayana Mampasi |- |2018–jaanong |''Behind the Story'' |Motsamaisi |- |2020 |''[[Queen Sono]]''<ref name=":0" /> |Queen Sono |- |2020 |''[[1st KZN Entertainment Awards]]''<ref name=":1" /> |Motsamaelatedi-mmogo |- |2023 |''[[Kizazi Moto: Generation Fire]]'' |Maadi (lentswe) |- |2024–jaanong |''[[The Real Black Pearl]]'' |Ene / Lenaneo la Nnete |} == Metswedi == [[Category: Pearl Thusi]] [[Category: Black Pearl]] [[Category: Mamma Pantha]] [[Category: Mrs Smeg]] [[Category: Pearl Wick]] gusfohv5se3r4i7n4f3p6scmrda5teb 0 9197 51056 47202 2026-06-19T12:03:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Lori Harvey|birth_place=Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1997|1|13}}|occupation={{flatlist| *Model *entrepreneur *socialite}}|yearsactive=2015–present|relatives=Steve Harvey(adoptive father)}} '''Lori Harvey''' o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1997, Firikgong a le lesome le boraro. Ke mmabontle ebile ke mogwebi wa mo [[:en:United_States|America]]. Ke ngwana wa ga ''Marjorie Harvey'' (o neng a dirisa sefane sa Bridges pele) le [[:en:Steve_Harvey|Steve Harvey.]] O ne a golagan le ba [[:en:IMG_Models|IMG Models Management agency]] kwa United States le [[:en:Select_Model_Management|Select Model Management]] kwa [[:en:Europe|Europe]]. Ka ngwaga wa 2021, Harvey o ne a simolodisa kompone ya ditlolo tsa bomme ya ''SKN by LH''. O gatile mmabontle a emetse ba [[:en:Dolce_&_Gabbana|Dolce & Gabanna]], a simolola matsholo le ba [[:en:Burberry|Burberry]] le [[:en:Michael_Kors|Michael Kors.]] Mo nakong ya gompieno Harvey o bereka le ba IMG Models le WME. == Botshelo ja gagwe a santse a gola == Lori Harvey ke ngwana wa ga Marjorie Harvey (o ne a fana ka Bridges).<ref>[https://www.wmagazine.com/story/steve-harvey-stepdaughter-lori-harvey-front-row-chanel "Steve Harvey's Stepdaughter, Lori Harvey, Was the Only New Scion Front Row at Chanel"]. ''W Magazine''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>[https://www.distractify.com/p/marjorie-harvey-ex-husbands "Steve Harvey and His Wife Marjorie Have a Beautiful, Blended Family".] ''Distractify''. 2020-07-19. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Sechaba ga se itse rragwe o o mo tshotseng.<ref>Judith (3 June 2022). [https://gistfest.com/who-is-biological-dad-lori-harvey/ "Who is Lori Harvey's dad? Is Steve Harvey her father?".] ''GistFest''. Retrieved 2023-02-12.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2007, mmagwe o ne a nyalwa ke rametlae [[:en:Steve_Harvey|Steve Harvey]], o neng a tloga a mo amogela e le ngwana wa gagwe.<ref>Todisco, Eric (2021-10-14). [https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/steve-harvey-kids-daughter-lori-4553806/ "Steve Harvey's Children: Meet His 7 Kids, Including Daughter Lori, Who's Dating Michael B. Jordan".] ''Hollywood Life''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>Victor, Ata Owaji (2021-11-29). [https://www.elle.com/uk/life-and-culture/culture/a35176488/michael-b-jordan-lori-harvey/ "Michael B. Jordan And Lori Harvey Cuddle Up In Rare Instagram Video".] ''ELLE''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O tsholetswe kwa [[:en:Memphis,_Tennessee|Memphis kwa Tennessee]], a golela kwa [[:en:Atlanta|Atlanta]] kwa [[:en:Georgia_(U.S._state)|Georgia]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231031092015/https://sportmob.com/en/article/934399-top-facts-about-lori-harvey-memphis-depay-s-gorgeous-ex-girlfriend "SportMob – Top Facts About Lori Harvey, Memphis Depay's Gorgeous Girlfriend".] ''SportMob''. 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Harvey o ne a gaisana mo mabelong a dipitse, ebile a na le keletso ya go gaisana kwa metshamekong ya di [[:en:Olympic_Games|Olympic.]]<ref>Brow, Jade Boren,Jason (2020-11-26). [https://hollywoodlife.com/feature/who-is-lori-harvey-steve-stepdaughter-3501641/ "Lori Harvey: 5 Things To Know About Diddy's Ex Who Was Spotted With Michael B. Jordan".] ''Hollywood Life''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O ne a tloga a ya go tsena sekolo kwa [[:en:Florida|Florida]] pele ga a ikgogela morago ka ntlha ya kgobalo e e neng ya mo itsa go tswelela le tiro ya gagwe ya mabelo a dipitse.<ref>[https://www.inquisitr.com/ "Why Lori Harvey Ended Her Olympic Equestrian Dreams".] ''The Inquisitr''. 2022-01-07. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> == Tiro == Ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a simolola tiro ya bommabontle,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221120180944/https://guestofaguest.com/los-angeles/nyc-society/inside-the-fabulous-life-of-lori-harvey "Model, Debutante, Hollywood Royalty: Inside The Fabulous Life Of Lori Harvey".] ''Guest of a Guest''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> a bereka le LA Model Management agency ya kwa United States le Select Model Management kwa Europe.<ref>Anshika (2021-09-19). [https://otakukart.com/lori-harvey-net-worth-a-look-at-her-modelling-career/ "Lori Harvey Net Worth: A Look At Her Modelling Career (r)".] ''OtakuKart''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Harvey o gatile mmabontle a gatela Dolce & Gabbana ka diaparo tsa bone tsa selemo/dikgakologo ka ngwaga wa 2017;<ref>Rogo, Paula. [[-|"Lori Harvey, Marjorie Harvey's Daughter, Walks In Dolce & Gabbana Spring 2017 Show".]] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> o tlhageletse mo matsholong a [[:en:Dolce_&_Gabbana|Dolce & Gabbana]],<ref>Klein, Alyssa Vingan. [https://fashionista.com/2017/06/dolce-gabbana-fall-2017-ad-campaign "Dolce & Gabbana Casts Corinne Foxx and Lori Harvey in Fall Ad Campaign".] ''Fashionista''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> [[:en:Michael_Kors|Michael Kors]],<ref>McNeila, Hanna (2021-11-09). [https://footwearnews.com/business/marketing/lori-harvey-models-little-black-dress-michael-kors-1203207812/ "Lori Harvey Goes Glam Modeling a Little Black Dress for Michael Kors Holiday Campaign".] ''Footwear News''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> [[:en:Valentino_(fashion_designer)|valentino]],<ref>[https://footwearnews.com/fashion/celebrity-style/lori-harvey-valentino-one-stud-bag-sandals-1203254916/ "Lori Harvey Models a $3,000 Bag for Valentino in a Printed Outfit and Lace-Up Sandals".] ''Footwear News''. 2022-03-04. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Pat McGrath's Beauty lab<ref>[https://www.vogue.com/article/lori-harvey-steve-harvey-daughter-pat-mcgrath-makeup-muse-mothership-iv-decadence-eye-palette "This Rising Beauty Star is Hollywood Royalty—and Pat McGrath's Latest Makeup Muse"]. ''Vogue''. 2018-01-17. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> le [[:en:Burberry|Burberry]].<ref>[https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/uwjejy/get-into-it-lori-harvey-sizzles-in-latest-instagram-post/dlpena "Hot Dayum!: Lori Harvey Sizzles In The Latest Burberry Ad Modeling Just A Trench Coat And Tiny Bag".] ''BET''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Harvey o ne a tlhagelela e le lantlha mo setshwantshong sa mmino sa pina ya "Motivation" ya moopedi [[:en:Normani|Normani.]]<ref>[https://thegrio.com/2019/08/16/twitter-goes-crazy-over-normanis-new-motivation-video/ "Twitter goes crazy over Normani's new 'Motivation' video".] ''TheGrio''. 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220109190416/https://www.magazinetalks.com/how-michael-b-jordans-girlfriend-lori-harvey-celebrated-his-movie-without-remorse/ "How Michael B. Jordan's Girlfriend, Lori Harvey, Celebrated His Movie 'Without Remorse'"]. ''Magazine Talks''. 2021-06-15. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> O tlhageletse gape mo dipating tsa The Zine<ref>[https://www.thezoereport.com/culture/lori-harvey-instagram-the-zine-beauty-trends "Lori Harvey's Favorite Beauty Trend Might Shock You".] ''The Zoe Report''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> le [[:en:Wonderland_(magazine)|Wonderland]]<ref>[https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2021/10/01/lori-harvey-autumn-21-coach/ "Wearing Coach, Model And Businesswoman Lori Harvey Covers The Autumn 21 Issue"]. ''Wonderland''. 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> tsa [[:en:Instagram|Instagram.]] Ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a simolodisa leinakgwebo la ditlolo le bidiwa SKN by LH.<ref>[https://www.vogue.com/article/lori-harvey-skn-by-lh-skin-care-line-launch "Lori Harvey's New Skin-Care Line Is Inspired by Her Own Journey".] ''Vogue''. 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka ngwaga one oo, o ne a bereka le kompone ya ''Naked Wardrobe'' mo diaparong.<ref>Mercer, Emily (2021-01-21). [https://wwd.com/feature/lori-harvey-naked-wardrobe-collection-1234705361/ "Lori Harvey Teams Up With Naked Wardrobe"]. ''WWD''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2022, Harvey o ne a tsenya setshwantsho s mothsikinyego mo [[:en:TikTok|TikTok]] a tlhalosa ka go latlhegelwa ke mmele ga gagwe, mo go neng go akaretsa go ja dijo tsa di khalori di le sekete le makgolo a mabedi letsatsi le letsatsi pele ga [[:en:Met_Gala|Met GALA]]. Setshwantsho seo see ne sa kgalwa ke ba botsogo ba ba neng ba tsibosa ka borai jo bo ka nnang teng fa motho a tsaya karolo mo go jeng jalo.<ref>Andrews, Taylor (2022-05-17). [https://www.popsugar.com/fitness/lori-harvey-1200-calorie-diet-weight-loss-48826425 "Lori Harvey Says She Was Eating 1,200 Calories Per Day to Lose Weight — Here's Why That's Not OK".] ''POPSUGAR Fitness''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref><ref>Felbin, Sarah (2022-05-17). [https://www.womenshealthmag.com/weight-loss/a40010286/lori-harvey-1200-calorie-diet/ "No, Lori Harvey's 1,200-Calorie Diet Is Not A Safe Way To Lose Weight, Per Experts"]. ''Women's Health''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2022, [[Kim Kardashian]] o ne a kgalwa morago ga go bolela gore o bula kompone ya ditlo e bidiwa ''SKKN by Kim'', e badirisi ba [[:en:Twitter|Twitter]] ba neng ba dumela gore e tshwana thata le leina la kompone ya ga Harvey.<ref>Tannenbaum, Emily (4 June 2022). [https://www.glamour.com/story/kim-kardashian-backlash-skin-care-line-skkn-by-kim-lori-harvey-skn-by-lh "Kim Kardashian Is Already Facing Backlash Over Her Skin-Care Line, SKKN by Kim".] ''Glamour''. Retrieved 2022-06-05.</ref> Kgwedi e e latelang, go e ga begiwa gore Harvey o beile monwana konteraka le ba IMG Models le [[:en:Endeavor_(company)|William Morris Endavour]] (WME).<ref>[https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/exclusive-lori-harvey-signs-img-040133500.html "EXCLUSIVE: Lori Harvey Signs With IMG Models and WME".] ''www.yahoo.com''. Retrieved 2022-07-25.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, Harvey o ne a tlhagelela mo sethswantshong sa motshikinyego sa pina ya ga [[:en:Usher_(musician)|Usher]] ya "Glu".<ref>Abraham, Mya (15 March 2023). [https://www.vibe.com/music/music-news/usher-glu-release-date-video-1234742695/ "Usher Unveils "GLU" Release Date, Reveals Video Is His Directorial Debut".] ''Vibe''. Retrieved 20 March 2023.</ref><ref>Fekadu, Mesfin (22 February 2023). [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/usher-las-vegas-residency-lori-harvey-video-super-bowl-1235331746/ "Usher on Moving to Vegas for Residency, Directing New Music Video (Starring Lori Harvey) and Work-Life Balance"]. ''The Hollywood Reporter''. Retrieved 20 March 2023.</ref> == Botshelo jwa Gagwe == O na le botsalano le [[:en:Jordyn_Woods|Jordyn Woods,]] [[:en:Normani|Normani]], [[:en:Winnie_Harlow|Winnie Harlow]] le [[:en:Ryan_Destiny|Ryan Destiny]] go ya ka [[:en:Essence_(magazine)|Essence]].<ref>Nandi Howard. [https://www.essence.com/fashion/lori-harvey-jordyn-woods-ryan-destiny-normani-jamacia/ "Here's How Lori Harvey And Friends Travel In Style".] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> === Tsa marato === Ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 2016, o ne a simolola go ratana le motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao [[:en:Memphis_Depay|Memphis Depay.]] Ba ne ba beeletsa go nyalana ka Seetebosigo ngwaga wa 2017,<ref>Porter, Lauren. [https://www.essence.com/celebrity/black-celeb-couples/lori-harvey-fiance-memphis-depay-photos/ "15 Sweet Photos Of Steve Harvey's Stepdaughter Lori Harvey And Her Fiancé Memphis Depay".] ''www.essence.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> mme ba kgaogana ka 2018.<ref>[https://www.capitalxtra.com/features/facts/lori-harvey/memphis-depay/ "Was Lori Harvey engaged to Memphis Depay?".] ''Capital XTRA''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Morago ga go kgaogana le Depay, Harvey o ne a amana ka bokhutshwane le moopedi wa R&B [[:en:Trey_Songz|Trey Songz]]. O ratane gape le [[:en:Future_(rapper)|Future]], bobedi jo bo tlhomamisitse go ratana ga bone ka Firikgong 2020, ba kgaogana ka Phatwe ngwaga one oo.<ref>Tinubu, Aramide (2021-05-20). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221120180939/https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/future-shaded-lori-harvey-song.html/ "Future Just Shaded Lori Harvey in a Song"]. ''Showbiz Cheat Sheet''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Future o ne a tloga a opela ka Harvey mo pineng ya [[:en:Maybach_Music_Group|Maybach]] ya ga [[:en:42_Dugg|42 Dugg]] ka mafoko a a reng "Magic City, I'm the owner. Tell Steve Harvey, I don't want her".<ref>Faines, Ayesha K. (May 23, 2021). [https://www.insider.com/lori-harvey-future-song-diss-42dugg-maybach-2021-5 "Opinion | Why Lori Harvey is hip-hop's fantasy and nightmare".] ''Insider''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele ngwaga wa 2020, Harvey o ne a simolola go ratana le modiragatsi [[:en:Michael_B._Jordan|Michael B. Jordan]].<ref>[https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/pictures/michael-b-jordan-lori-harveys-relationship-timeline/ "Why the Timing of Michael B. Jordan's Romance With Lori Harvey Was 'Right'".] ''Us Weekly''. 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Morule 2021, Jordan o ne a tlhalosa gore o bone se lorato e leng sone mo puisanong le ba [[:en:The_Hollywood_Reporter|Hollywood Reporter.]] <ref>Sanchez, Chelsey (2021-12-02). [https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a38412058/michael-b-jordan-finally-found-love-lori-harvey/ "Michael B. Jordan Says He "Finally Found What Love Was"] by Dating Lori Harvey". ''Harper's BAZAAR''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref>Ka Seetebosigo 2022, go ne ga bigiwa fa bobedi bo bo kgaogane.<ref>VanHoose, Benjamin (June 4, 2022). [https://people.com/movies/michael-b-jordan-and-lori-harvey-breakup-exclusive/ "Michael B. Jordan, Lori Harvey Break Up After Over 1 Year: 'Both Completely Heartbroken,' Says Source".] ''people.com''. Retrieved 2022-06-04.</ref> Ka Firikgong 2023, Harvey o ne a tlhomamisa gore o ratana le modiragatsi [[:en:Damson_Idris|Damson Idris.]]<ref>Vasquez, Ingrid (January 13, 2023). [https://people.com/style/lori-harvey-goes-instagram-official-with-actor-boyfriend-damson-idris/ "Lori Harvey Confirms Relationship with Actor Damson Idris in a Steamy Instagram Post"]. ''People.com''. Retrieved January 14, 2023.</ref> === Dikgang tsa molao === Ka Phalane 2019, Harvey o ne a tshwarelwa go tshaba mo kotsing ya koloi, go ya ka sepodisi sa [[:en:Beverly_Hills,_California|Beverly Hills]].<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/lori-harvey-stepdaughter-steve-harvey-arrested-after-hit-run-accident-n1069571 "Lori Harvey, stepdaughter of Steve Harvey, arrested after hit-and-run accident".] ''NBC News''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Firikgong 2020, mmueledi wa [[:en:Los_Angeles_County_District_Attorney|Los Angeles County District Attorney]] o ne a tlhomamisetsa ''[[:en:People_(magazine)|People]]'' gore o tshwaretswe melato e le mebedi, wa ntlha ele go gana le go kganela lepodisi o mongwe e le wa go thula a bo a sia a senyeditse motho.<ref>Chung, Gabrielle (January 13, 202). [https://people.com/tv/lori-harvey-faces-year-in-prison-charged-with-misdemeanors-in-hit-and-run-case/ "Lori Harvey Faces a Year in Prison as She Is Charged with 2 Misdemeanors in Hit-and-Run Case".] ''people.com''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> Ka Morule 2020, go ne ga begiwa mo [[:en:TMZ|TMZ]] gore o amogetse molato mme a atlholelwa dingwaga tse pedi a beilwe leitho ke sepodisi.<ref>[https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/fnr-tigg/lori-harvey-2-years-probation-hit-and-run "Lori Harvey Reportedly Sentenced to 2 Years of Probation Following Hit-And-Run Incident"]. ''Complex''. Retrieved 2022-01-09.</ref> == Metswedi == 05762aoq3lrwggt8v2kk5ok3hp0qf9f 0 9312 51096 49856 2026-06-19T19:48:29Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | image = Nnaniki Makwinja.png | office = [[Ministry of Environment and Tourism (Botswana)|Minister of Environment and Tourism]] | president = [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] | term_start = 9 September 2024 | term_end = 1 November 2024 | predecessor = [[Dumezweni Mthimkhulu]] | successor = [[Wynter Mmolotsi]] | office1 = Member of the<br>[[National Assembly of Botswana]]<br>for [[Lentsweletau]]-[[Mmopane]] | term_start1 = 23 October 2019 | term_end1 = 1 November 2024 | predecessor1 = [[Vincent Seretse]] | successor1 = [[Bogatsu Tshenolo]] | party = [[Botswana Democratic Party]] | alma_mater = [[University of Essex]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) }} '''Nnaniki Wilhemina Tebogo Makwinja''' ke modiri wa tsa sepolotiki yo neng a direla mo National Asembly of Botswana go simolola ka 2019. Ke leloko la Botswana Democratic Party e le kemedi ya kgaolo ya Lentsweletau Mmopane. Makwinja o ne a direla gape ele mothusa tona wa Thuto go simolola ka 2019. == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Makwinja o tsene ko sekolong sa [[University of Essex]] kwa England, dikrii ya thutoloago le leano la loago ka ngwaga wa 1986. <ref>Makwinja, Nnaniki (2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241127124715/https://www.academia.edu/33663186 "Dear Class"]. ''[[:en:Academia.edu|Academia.edu]]''. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> Fa a fetsa kwa sekolong, o ne a simolola go bereka mo karolong ya tsamaiso ya ditlamelo tsa batho mo Botswana. Ka 1986, o ne a nna mmereki wa tsamaiso ya ditlamelo tsa batho kwa Debwana Mining Company, kgabagare a nna motsamaisi wa kompone wa tsa ditirelo tsa ditlhaeletsano le tlhabololo ya badiri. Morago ga go bereka le dikompone tse di farologaneng ka dingwaga tsa bo 2000, ga mmogo le maemo a gagwe ele tlhogo ya lephata la ditlamelo tsa batho ko sepateleng, Makwinja o ne a nna motshwarelela [[CEO]] wa Botswana Investment and Trade Centre ka 2012. Ka 2014, o ne a simolola go bereka kwa lephateng la ditlamelo tsa batho kwa komponing e e bidiwang Leadex Consulting.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.gobotswana.com/sites/default/files/BITC%20AR%202014%20web.pdf |access-date=2024-04-20 |archive-date=2023-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519231725/https://www.gobotswana.com/sites/default/files/BITC%20AR%202014%20web.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://guardiansun.co.bw/News/bitc-struggling-to-secure-ceo''Botswana Guardian Sun''. 2012-12-07. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> Leloko la [[Botswana Democratic Party]], Makwinja a bereka gape le [[National Assembly of Botswana]] ka nako ya [[2014 election]]. o ne a bereka gape mo kgaolong [[Gabane-Mmankgodi]]. Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a fengwa mo ditlhophong tsa [[party primary]]. O ne a tsenelela ditlhopho tsa bopalamente gape mo go tsa [[2019 election]], o ne a emetse tsa kgaola ya [[Lentsweletau-Mmopane]]. Le fa ne palo ya ditlhopho tsa ntlha e ne e supa fa a latlhegelwa ko go yo ne a phadisanya le ene [[Vincent Seretse]] ka ditlhopho tse masome a mane le botlhano, Makwinja o ne a ntsha kopo ya gore di balwe gape, a supa fa ne go nale ditlolamolao [["irregularities"]]. O ne a itsisiwe fa ele wena mofenyi wa ditlhopho tsa pele morago ga gore go balwe gape <ref>Selatlhwa, Innocent (2018-09-10). [https://www.mmegi.bw/news/makwinja-savours-sweet-victory/news "Makwinja Savours Sweet Victory"]. ''[[:en:Mmegi|Mmegi]]''. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211207184021/https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33/constituencies/16-constituencies/60-kweneng-east "Lentsweletau-Mmopane"]. [[:en:Parliament_of_Botswana|''Parliament of Botswana''.]] Archived from [https://www.parliament.gov.bw/index.php/2012-02-13-15-06-33/constituencies/16-constituencies/60-kweneng-east the original] on December 7, 2021. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> Mkwinja o ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa kakaretso, a fenya ba neng a phadisanya le bone ba le bararo ka ditlhopho tse 11,600, yo neng a phadisanya le ene a le gaufi le ene. moemedi wa [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] o ne a bone ditlhopho tse 5,320<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf Report to the Minister for Presidential Affairs, Governance and Public Administration on the 2019 General Elections]'' (PDF). Independent Electoral Commission Botswana. 2019. p. 44.</ref>. Ene ele monwe wa basadi mo go ba bararo ba ba neng ba tlhopjiwa ele mo tona mo ditlhophong tsa 2019.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/botswanas-political-field-is-bereft-of-women-iec/ "Botswana's Political Field is Bereft of Women – IEC"]. ''[[:en:The_Botswana_Gazette|The Botswana Gazette]]''. 2020-08-27. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> Morago ga go tlhophiwa, Makwinja o ne a tlhomiwa ele mothusa tona ya thuto ke Toutona [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]].<ref>Magosi, Elias M. (2019). [https://www.gov.bw/sites/default/files/2020-03/PRESS%20RELEASE%20-CABINET%20APPOINTMENTS.pdf "Press Release: Cabinet Appointments"] (PDF). ''[[:en:Government_of_Botswana|Government of Botswana]]''. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> Mo tirong eno, o tlhokometse [[:en:Government_of_Botswana|Botswana's primary and secondary education systems]]. O ne a lebagana le dikgwetlho di le mmalwa ka nako ya fa a ale mo tirong, go akaretsa le go runya ga bolwetse jwa [["mass hysteria""mass hysteria"|"mass hysteria"]] ko sekolong sa Salajwe ka ngwaga wa 2019, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241228010155/https://clubofmozambique.com/news/botswana-battles-outbreak-of-rare-mass-hysteria-disease-150722/ "Botswana battles outbreak of rare mass hysteria disease"]. ''Club of Mozambique''. January 22, 2020. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> tlhaelo ya dibuka tsa go ithuta ka 2021, <ref>Ramadubu, Dikarabo (February 11, 2021). [https://pressreader.com/article/282102049369083 "MoBE blames students for shortage of books"]. ''[[:en:Botswana_Guardian|Botswana Guardian]]''. Retrieved May 19, 2023 – via [[:en:PressReader|PressReader]]</ref> le phetogo ya tsamaiso ya dithutho mo lefatsheng. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230519231734/https://theparrotonline.co.bw/2019/12/curriculum-reform-is-envisaged-to-be-implemented-in-2021/ "Curriculum reform is envisaged to be implemented in 2021".] ''The Parrot News Online''. 2019-12-02. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> Makwinja gape ke mmueledi wa [[digitization]]<ref>"[https://www.ub.bw/news/csedbotswana-lays-foundation-botswanas-reset-agenda-and-digitization-strategy CSEdBotswana Lays Foundation for Botswana's Reset Agenda and Digitization Strategy"]. ''[[:en:University_of_Botswana|University of Botswana]]''. April 30, 2023. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> Fa ale mo palamenteng, Makwinja ne ele mmueledi wa Asian Investment go tsena mo Botswana, a rotloetsa tshimologo ya ditshimo tse di dirwang ke MaChina di le ka fa tlase ga tlhokomelo ya gagwe mo kgaolong, <ref>"[http://bw.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/sgxw/202105/t20210520_9054509.htm Ambassador Wang Xuefeng Attends Warm Winter Charity Donation"]. ''Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Botswana''. May 20, 2021. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref><ref>[https://mediapermata.com.bn/petani-china-dorong-masyarakat-botswana-tanam-pokok-kelor/ "Petani China dorong masyarakat Botswana tanam pokok kelor]" [Chinese farmers encourage the people of Botswana to plant moringa trees]. ''[[:en:Media_Permata|Media Permata]]'' (in Malay). 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> a eme nokeng Japanese Partnership mo lekalaneng la Botswana Network on Ethics, Law le lenaneo la HIV/AIDS .<ref>[https://www.botswana.emb-japan.go.jp/files/100348808.pdf "Ambassador of Japan to Botswana Officially Hands Over Community Legal Service Centre to BONELA]" (PDF). ''Embassy of Japan in Botswana''. May 25, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> Ke morotloetsi mogolo mo go lwantsheng kgokgontsho ya basadi mo Botswana [./Https://www.botswana.emb-japan.go.jp/files/100348808.pdf violence against women], ga mmogo le mathata a boitsholo, kgokgontsho ya bong ke yone e e eteletseng pele mo kwelotlase ya go ntsheng maduo mo go tse di siameng. Ka ngwag a 2022, e ne ele monwe wa dibui mo thuto seka dipuisano e neng e rulagantswe ke ba [https://www.botswana.emb-japan.go.jp/files/100348808.pdf United Nations Population Fund] le ba [[Southern African Development Community]] go tokafatsa [[sexual and reproductive health and rights]].<ref>Rabasimane, Priscilla (July 5, 2022). "[https://botswana.un.org/en/189008-parliamentarians-reaffirm-commitment-advancing-srhr-those-furthest-left-behind,%20https://botswana.un.org/en/189008-parliamentarians-reaffirm-commitment-advancing-srhr-those-furthest-left-behind Parliamentarians Reaffirm Commitment to Advancing SRHR for those furthest left behind | United Nations in Botswana"]. ''[[:en:United_Nations_Population_Fund|United Nations Population Fund]]''. Retrieved 2024-04-20.</ref> Makwinja ke mongwe wa baemedi ba Botswana kwa [[:en:United_Nations_Population_Fund|Inter- Parliamentary Union]], a direla mo Committee on Middle East Questions<ref>[https://www.ipu.org/news/news-in-brief/2023-03/celebrating-10-women-mps-who-are-active-ipu-committees "Celebrating 10 women MPs who are active on IPU committees".] ''[[:en:Inter-Parliamentary_Union|Inter-Parliamentary Union]]''. March 2, 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana Democratic Party]] [[Karolo:Maloko a khuduthamaga ya Botswana]] ix8e7l3i5tdujz97wq9421bewi54rdx 0 9365 51124 35572 2026-06-19T21:50:22Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51124 wikitext text/x-wiki Prisons XI [[Gaborone]] ke setlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa [[Botswana]]. mo bo gompeinong ba tshameka mo dikgaisanong tsa [[Botswana Primier League.|Botswana Premier League.]] == Ditso == Prisons XI ke bone ba ileng ba longwa serota mo dikgaisaong tsa ngwaga wa 1990. Ba ile ba fenya seetsele se se kgolo morago ga go fitlhela kwa seka makgaola kgang a dikgaisano tsa Coca-cola Cup ka ngwaga wa 1994 morago ga go latlhegelwa ka nno ele nngwe go lefela go setlhopha sa [[Extension Gunners|Extension Gunners.]]<ref>Bogosing, Tshepho (22 January 2007). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20240429120418/https://www.sundaystandard.info/prisons-xi-marginalised/ Prisons XI marginalised?".]</ref> Prisons XI e ile ya tlhatlhosiwa maemo ka ngwaga wa 2012 morago ga go dikgaisano tsa ntlha tse ba ileng ba iphitlhela ba le mo maemong a bobedi go tswa kwa tlase, ba sena go phadimola setlhopha sa BR Highlanders mo metshamekong.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/bots2012.html "Botswana 2011/12".]</ref> Prisons XI e ile ya tlhomamisiwa kwa Botswana Premier League ka ngwaga wa 2018 fa ba sena go latlhegelwa go setlhopha sa Sua Flamingoes mo tseleng ya bone ya go fapantshana go leka lekana ga dino tse di gatisitsweng ke ditlhopha tsoo-pedi.<ref>Morewabone, Samuel (12 May 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190728020654/https://killerpassbw.com/prisons-gain-promotion-despite-loss/ "Prisons gain promotion despite loss".]</ref> Ba feditse dingwaga tse di boferabobedi mo setlheng sa ntlha se latelwa ke go tlhomamisiwa ga bone ga pele ka ngwaga wa 2013.<ref>Mlilo, Portia (14 May 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190727211357/https://www.thevoicebw.com/prisons-xi-bounce-back-to-premier-league/ "Prisons XI bounce back to premier league".]</ref>Setlhopha sa Warders se ile sa sokola thata mo dikgaisanong tsa ngwaga wa 2018 go ya go 2019, go fitlha nako e nneng ba tshameka metshameko ele boferabobedi ba sa fenye epe ya yone, mme ba ile ba kgona go fetsa ka maemo a lesome le boraro se se ile sa ba fa phatlha godimo ga di tlhomamiso tsa dikgaisano tse di latelang.<ref>[https://www.sundaystandard.info/prisons-xi-vows-keep-momentum "Prisons XI vows to keep momentum"]. 18 November 2018.</ref> == Metswedi == ozm0qskuxzqml4v30j9ykak68tt7lhl 0 9396 51069 36054 2026-06-19T13:22:33Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Maureen Mmadu|full_name=Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu|position=[[Midfielder]]|clubs1=Ado Babes|clubs2=Pelican Queens|clubs3=Jegede Babes|clubs4=[[IL Sandviken]]|clubs5=[[Klepp IL]]|years6=2006|clubs6=[[QBIK]]|years7=2007|clubs7=[[Linköpings FC]]|years8=2008|clubs8=[[Amazon Grimstad]]|years9=2010|clubs9=[[Kolbotn IL]]|years10=2011–2013|clubs10=[[Avaldsnes IL]]|nationalteam1=[[Nigeria women's national football team|Nigeria]]|nationalcaps1=101|nationalyears1=1993–2011|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1975|5|7}}|birth_place=[[Onitsha]], Nigeria|height={{convert|1.78|m|ftin|abbr=on}}}} '''Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu''' o tshotswe ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a supa mo ngwageng wa Sekete le makgolo a robabongwe masome a supa a supa le botlhano (born 7 May 1975), kwa [[:en:Onitsha|Onitsha]], kwa lefatsheng la Nigeria. Ke Mokatisi wa kgwele ya dinao ko Nigeria. O tshamekile ele mo magare a lebala ka nako fa ele motshameki wa bolo. Ka nako fa ele motshameki, o ne a tshamekela [[:en:Avaldsnes_IL|Avaldsnes IL]], setlhopha se se ko leroleng ko lefatsheng la [[:en:Norway|Norway]]. O tshameketse mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]], le ditlhopha tse di mo liking ya [[:en:Damallsvenskan|Damallsvenskan]] ko lefatsheng la Sweden ebong [[:en:Linköping_FC|Linköpings FC]] le [[:en:QBIK|QBIK]]. == Botshelo le Pereko == Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu o kile a tshamekela [[:en:Klepp_IL|Klepp_IL]], setlhopha se se mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]]<ref>http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/rogaland/sport_nrk_rogaland/1.247389</ref>. Mmadu o tshameketse le setlhopha sa [[:en:Kolbotn_Fotball|Kolbotn]], kwa teropo kgolo ya Norway, ebong [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]]. Fa a tshamekela setlhopho sa Kolbotn, mo ngwageng wa 2010 o ne thusa go bona maemo a boraro mo liking ya [[:en:Toppserien|Toppserien]]. O ne a tshamekela le setlhopha sa [[:en:Avaldsnes_IL|Avaldness, IL]] mo tournamenteng ko [[:en:Oslo|Oslo]] ka di 5 Tlhakole 2012<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-08-02 |archive-date=2012-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803195339/http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Pereko ya ko Mafatsheng == Mme Maureen Nkeiruka Mmadu ke ke motshameki yo o tlotlegang wa setlhopha sa Setšhaba sa Nigeria, o tshameketse [[:en:Nigeria_women's_national_football_team|Nigeria]] makgetho a a fetang lekgolo (more than 100)<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20121108152222/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/stats-centclub/52/00/60/womenscenturyclub.pdf</ref>, go akaretsa [[:en:FIFA_Women's_World_Cup|FIFA Women's World Cup]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150922020934/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=503/index.html</ref> le di Olympic ngwageng ya [[:en:2000_Summer_Olympics|2000]] le [[:en:2004_Summer_Olympics|2004]]<ref>http://www.olympedia.org/athletes/90923</ref>. Mme dipego tse di tswang ko Nigeria Football Federation di bua fa a tshameketse setlhopha sa basadi sa Nigeria, sa kgwele ya dinao makgetho a le masome a matlhano le metso e e mebedi (52)<ref>https://sportsration.com/maureen-mmadu-played-52-official-games-for-falcons-not-101-nff/</ref>. == Metswedi == # [http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/distrikt/rogaland/sport_nrk_rogaland/1.247389 Ikidi og Mmadu har riktige lønnsbet] (in Norweigian), NRK. 13 October 2005. # [http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101112/I_played_for_Nigeria_while_my_mum_died I played for Nigeria while my mum died] # [https://web.archive.org/web/20120803195339/http://www.fotball.no/Landslag_og_toppfotball/Toppfotball/1Divisjon_kvinner/2012/Lyn-vs-Avaldsnes-i-finale1/ Lyn-Avaldsness Final 5 February 2012] # [https://www.fifa.com/mm/document/fifafacts/stats-centclub/52/00/60/womenscenturyclub.pdf FIFA Women's Century Club] (PDF). [[:en:FIFA|FIFA.]] 25 August 2009. # [https://web.archive.org/web/20150922020934/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=503/index.html Maureen Mmadu.] FIFA competition record (archived). # [https://web.archive.org/web/20200418030201/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mm/maureen-mmadu-1.html Maureen Mmadu Biography and Statistics]. Sports Reference. Archived from [http://www.olympedia.org/athletes/90923 the original] on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2009. # [https://sportsration.com/maureen-mmadu-played-52-official-games-for-falcons-not-101-nff/ Maureen Mmadu played 52 official games for Falcons not 101 – NFF]. ''SportsRation''. 31 October 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2022. klopx38ybh2lpl9rdv3bkyavq1fhdhi 0 9526 51150 41659 2026-06-20T01:49:54Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51150 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Beckham zidane team.jpg|thumb|Zidane and Beckham]] Zinedine Yazid Zidane(Sefora:Zinedine Yazid Zidane.Kablye): Zineddin Lyazid Zidan o tshotswe ''ka Seetebosigo'' {{Infobox person|name=Zinedine Yazid Zidane|birth_date=23 Seetebosigo 1972|birth_place=Marseille, Fora|height_m=1.85 m|title=Attacking midfielder|years active=Dingwaga Setlhopha Apps (Gls) 1989–1992 Cannes 61 (6) 1992–1996 Bordeaux 139 (28) 1996–2001 Juventus 151 (24) 2001–2006 Real Madrid 155 (37) Total|image=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Zinedine_Zidane_by_Tasnim_03.jpg}} ''a tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1972.Zizou,ke motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao kwa Fora ebile e le motsamaisi wa kgwele ya dinao.O sa tswana go nna mokatisi ko setlhopha sa Spain ebo Real Madrid.ke mongwe wa bakatisi ba ba atlgileng thata mo lefatsheng ka bophara.O itsege e le mongwe wa batshameki ba tlhwatlhwa,Zidane o ne a itsege e le mongwe yo o naleng motlhala,pono,go fetisa le go laola bolo le kitso.O neetswe tlotlamtso ya FIFA World Player of the Year ka ngwaga wa 1998,2000 and 2003 a bo a fenya Ballon d'Or.'' Zidane o simolotse tiro ya gagwe kwa Cannes pele ga a nna mogwe wa batshameki ba ba rileng mo Ligue1 ya sefora ko Bordeaux.Ka ngwaga wa 1996 o ile ko setlhopha sa Juventus,kwa a fentsteng dikgele,le ya Serie A e le ngwe ya tsone.O ile ya ya ko Real Madrid ka madi a selekanyo sa dimilion tsa diponto ka ngwaga wa 2001.O ne a ntse a le ko Madrid dingwaga di ka nna boferabobedi.Kwa Spain Zidane o fentse dikgele tsa La liga le Champions league.Ka ngwaga wa 2002 o ne a o ne a ntsha letshwao le le neng la dira gore a fenye ka go itaya ka leoto la molema, le le tsewang e le lengwe la magole a magolo go gaisa otlhe mo hisitoring ya motshameko ono. Zidane o ne a tshameka le Fora makgetlo a le 108, mme a fenya Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1998 sa FIFA, a bo a dira phenyo ya makgaolakgang, mme o ne a tlhophiwa mo setlhopheng sa All-Star. Phenyo eno e ne ya mo dira mogaka wa setšhaba kwa Fora mme o ne a amogela sekgele sa Legion of Honour ka 1998. O ne a fenya UEFA Euro 2000 mme a bidiwa Player of the Tournament. O ne a amogela gape le Golden Ball jaaka Motshameki wa Motshameko kwa Sejaneng sa Lefatshe sa 2006, le fa gone a ne a le mo kgaisanong ya makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Italy ka go itaya Marco Materazzi ka tlhogo mo sehubeng. O ne a rola tiro jaaka motshameki wa bone yo o neng a tshameka go gaisa mo hisitoring ya Fora. Ka ngwaga wa 2004 .O ne a bidiwa mo lenaaneng la FIFA 100, e leng lenaane la batshameki ba ba itsegeng thata ba ba sa ntseng ba tshela le le neng la kwalwa ke Pelé, mme ka one ngwaga oo o ne a bidiwa motshameki yo o itsegeng thata wa kgwele ya dinao wa kwa Yuropa mo dingwageng di le 50 tse di fetileng mo kgatisong ya UEFA ya Golden Jubilee. Zidane ke mongwe wa batshameki ba le robongwe ba ba kileng ba fenya Sejana sa Lefatshe, Champions League, le Ballon d'Or. E ne e le ene moemedi wa Katar mo maitekong a yone a go nna le Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2022, e le naga ya ntlha ya Maarabia go nna le motshameko oo. Morago ga go tlogela go tshameka, Zidane o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mokatisi kwa Real Madrid Castilla. O ne a nna mo maemong ao dingwaga di le pedi, pele a tsaya marapo a setlhopha sa ntlha ka 2016. Mo dingwageng tsa gagwe tsa ntlha tse pedi le halofo, Zidane o ne a nna mothapisi wa ntlha go fenya Champions League gararo ka go latelana, a fenya UEFA Super Cup le FIFA Club World Cup gabedi ka go latelana, mmogo le La Liga le Supercopa de España. Katlego eno e ne ya dira gore Zidane a bidiwe Motlhatlheledi yo o Molemolemo wa FIFA wa Banna ka 2017. O ne a rola tiro ka 2018, mme a boela kwa setlhopheng ka 2019, mme a fenya La Liga le Supercopa de España, pele a tsamaya gape ka 2021. == Ka gagwe == Zidane Yazid Zidane o ne a tshotswe ka ngwga wa1972 ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le boraro kwa LaCastellane Marseile ,Southern France<ref>Fort, Patrick; Philippe, Jean (2018). ''Zidane: The Biography''. London: Ebury Press. p. 1. ISBN <bdi>978-1-78503-848-8</bdi>.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78503-848-8]</ref>Ke ngwana wa bofelo bo go bo monnawe ba le batlhano.<ref>"Far-right politician booted out of Zinedine Zidane's football club". ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/03/french-far-right-politician-eric-zemmour-booted-out-of-zinedine-zidane-football-club]</ref>Zidane o tswa mo morafeng wa Ba-Kabyle wa Algeria mme o itlhalosa e le "Momoseleme yo o sa tseneng kereke".<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140212173600/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref><ref>"Why France still loves Zidane". ''The Independent''. London. 11 July 2006. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September [https://web.archive.org/web/20150925214248/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/john-lichfield-why-france-still-loves-zidane-407511.html 2017]</ref>Batsadi ba gagwe e bong Smail le Malika ba ne ba fudugela kwa Paris go tswa kwa motseng wa Aguemoune kwa kgaolong ya batho ba ba buang Se-Berber ya Kabylie kwa bokone jwa Algeria ka 1953 pele ga Ntwa ya Algeria. Lelapa, le le neng le nna kwa dikgaolong tse di thata tsa bokone tsa toropo ya Barbès le Saint-Denis, le ne la se ka la bona tiro e ntsi mo kgaolong eo, mme mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo-1960 ba ne ba fudugela kwa bokone jwa toropo ya Marseille ya La Castellane mo kgaolong ya bo16 ya Marseille.Mo potsolotsong e a neng a e naya makasine wa Esquire, o ne a bolela jaana: "Ke na le kamano e e gaufi le lefatshe la Searabia. Ke na le jone mo mading a me, ka batsadi ba me. Ke motlotlo thata go nna Mofora, mme gape ke motlotlo thata go nna le metswedi eno le go farologana gono.<ref>Pomroy, Matt (8 August 2016). "Zinedine Zidane: What I've Learned". ''Esquire''. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2018.[https://www.esquireme.com/culture/zinedine-zidane]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Marseille map.png|thumb|Lefelo la Marseille kewa Zinedine Zinade a tsholetsweng teng]] Rraagwe o ne a dira jaaka motlhokomedi wa bobolokelo le wa pabalesego kwa lebenkeleng, gantsi a dira tiro ya bosigo, fa mmaagwe e ne e le mosadi wa mo gae.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref>Lelwapa la gagwe le tshedile botshelo jo bo rileng mme go ne go nale bogodu jo bontsi le go tlhoko ya ditiro.<ref>"Why France still loves Zidane". ''The Independent''. London. 11 July 2006. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2017.[https://web.archive.org/web/20150925214248/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/john-lichfield-why-france-still-loves-zidane-407511.html]</ref><ref>"Soccer: Zidane, the political footballer". ''The New Zealand Herald''. Independent. 8 July 2000. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2014.[http://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=143329]</ref>Zidane o bolela gore tsela e a godisitsweng ka yone e e gagametseng le e rraagwe a mo rutileng yone ke tsone tse di mo thusitseng go dira tiro ya gagwe.<ref>Pomroy, Matt (8 August 2016). "Zinedine Zidane: What I've Learned". ''Esquire''. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2018.[https://www.esquireme.com/culture/zinedine-zidane]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:La Corniche, tsela e e fa thoko ga lewatle go bapa le lotshitshi lwa Marseille, e e nang le setshwantsho sa ga Zidane mo loboteng.jpg|thumb|La Corniche]] E ne e le kwa Castellane koo Zidane a neng a simolola go tshameka kgwele ya dinao teng, a tsena mo metshamekong ya kgwele ya dinao a le dingwaga di le tlhano e bana ba mo tikologong ba neng ba e tshameka kwa Place Tartane, e leng lebala le le boleele jwa dimetara di le 80 le bophara jwa dimetara di le 12 le le neng le dirisiwa jaaka lebala le legolo la dikago tsa bonno<ref>In the footsteps Of Zidane^{[''permanent dead link'']}, ''The Independent'' (London)[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/in-the-footsteps-of-zidane-652076.html]</ref>Ka Phukwi 2011, Zidane o ne a bitsa batshameki ba maloba ba Marseille Blaž Slišković, Enzo Francescoli le Jean-Pierre Papin jaaka medimo ya gagwe fa a ntse a gola.<ref>"Zidane: Slišković mi je bio idol, uživao sam gledati ga – Klix.ba". Sarajevo-x.com. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 23 May 2012.[http://www.sarajevo-x.com/sport/nogomet/clanak/110702058]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane: Kad porastem želim biti Baka Slišković!". Scsport.ba. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2012.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120324192429/http://scsport.ba/v2/tekst.php?ID=21674]</ref>Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome, Zidane o ne a fiwa laesense ya gagwe ya ntlha ya go tshameka morago ga go tsenela setlhopha sa basha sa setlhopha sa selegae sa Castellane ka leina la US Saint-Henri.Morago ga go fetsa ngwaga le sephatlo kwa US Saint-Henri, Zidane o ne a ya go nna leloko la SO Septèmes-les-Vallons fa mokatisi wa Septèmes Robert Centenero a ne a tlhatswa motsamaisi wa tlelapa pelo gore a mo rekise. Zidane o ne a nna le Septèmes go fitlha a le dingwaga di le 14, ka nako eo o ne a tlhophiwa go tsenela kampa ya malatsi a le mararo ya katiso kwa CREPS (Regional Centre for Sports and Physical Education) kwa Aix-en-Provence, nngwe ya ditheo tsa kgwele ya dinao tse di tsamaisiwang ke French Football Federation. E ne e le fano fa Zidane a neng a bonwa ke AS Cannes scout le motshameki wa pele Jean Varraud, yo o neng a mo akantsha go mokaedi wa setheo sa katiso sa tlelapo.<ref>"French heir who became king" Archived 22 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine. FIFA.com. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=163331/profile.html]</ref>Fa a ne a le dingwaga di le 14 mme a lebile Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1986, tsela e Diego Maradona a neng a tshameka ka yone e ne ya mo ama thata, Zidane a re Maradona "o ne a le mo maemong a mangwe".<ref>"Maradona was on another level – Zidane". ''Goal.com''. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2018.[http://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/7138/goal-hall-of-fame/2014/11/12/6070971/maradona-was-on-another-level-zidane]</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe ya go tshameka == '''Cannes''' Zidane o ne a ya kwa Cannes go nna dibeke di le thataro, mme o ne a feleletsa a le mo setlhopheng ka {{Infobox person|credits="O ne a kgona go feta motshameki a le mongwe, ba le babedi, ba le bararo, ba le batlhano, ba le barataro - go ne go le monate tota. Maoto a gagwe a ne a bua le bolo" . Jean Varraud, motshameki wa pele yo o neng a lemoga Zidane}} dingwaga di le nne go tshameka mo maemong a porofeshenale. Fa a sena go tlogela lelapa la gagwe go ya go nna kwa Cannes, o ne a lalediwa ke mokaedi wa Cannes e bong Jean-Claude Elineau gore a tswe mo kamoreng e a neng a nna mo go yone le baithuti ba bangwe ba le 20 mme a tle go nna le ene le lelapa la gagwe. Moragonyana Zidane o ne a bolela gore fa a ne a nna le Elineaus, o ne a bona tekatekano.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140212173600/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref> E ne e le kwa Cannes koo bakatisi ba ntlha ba ga Zidane ba neng ba lemoga gore o ne a le bogale e bile a le pelokhutshwane, a rata go tlhasela babogedi ba ba neng ba tlhapatsa morafe wa gagwe kana lelapa la gagwe.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref>Mokaedi wa gagwe wa ntlha e bong Jean Varraud, o ne a mo kgothaletsa gore a laole bogale jwa gagwe mme a tlhome mogopolo mo motshamekong wa gagwe. Zidane o ne a fetsa dibeke tsa gagwe tsa ntlha kwa Cannes a le mo tirong ya go phepafatsa jaaka kotlhao ya go betsa moganetsi yo o neng a sotla ka ghetto ya gagwe. Thubakanyo e a neng a e supa gangwe le gape mo tirong ya gagwe e ne ya bopiwa ke kgotlhang ya ka fa gare ya go nna monna wa Mo-Algeria-wa-Fora yo o neng a kgaogantswe ke ditso tse di farologaneng, le go falola mo mebileng e e thata ya La Castellane koo a goletseng teng.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140212173600/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref>Zidane o ne a simolola go tshameka mo setlhopheng sa Cannes ka 18 Motsheganong 1989 mo motshamekong wa French Division 1 kgatlhanong le Nantes.<ref>"Zidane swansong" Archived 20 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine, BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/france/5064798.stm Sport]</ref>O ne a kwadile leano la gagwe la ntlha mo setlhopheng ka 10 Tlhakole 1991.<ref>Agence France-Press Archived 9 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine from 10 February [http://afp.pressedd.com/ 1991]</ref>gape kgatlhanong le Nantes ka go fenya ka 2 go 1. Morago ga motshameko, ka nako ya moletlo wa batshameki botlhe ba Cannes, Zidane o ne a fiwa koloi ke modulasetilo wa Cannes Alain Pedretti, yo o neng a mo solofeditse koloi e le nngwe ka letsatsi le a tsentseng golo ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng.Fa Zidane a le mo motshamekong, o ne a bontsha bokgoni jo bo sa tlwaelegang jwa go tshwara bolo, a bontsha gore o na le bokgoni jo bo neng bo tla dira gore a nne motshameki wa maemo a a kwa godimo mo lefatsheng.<ref>"French heir who became king" Archived 22 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine. FIFA.com. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=163331/profile.html]</ref>Mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha le Cannes, setlhopha se ne sa bona maemo a sone a ntlha mo kgweleng ya dinao ya kwa Yuropa ka go tsenela UEFA Cup, morago ga go fetsa mo maemong a bone mo kgaisanong. Se e sa ntse e le maduo a maemo a a kwa godimo a setlhopha seno sa kgwele ya dinao mo kgaisanong e e kwa godimo fa e sale se tlhatlosiwa lekgetlho la ntlha go tswa mo kgaisanong ya ntlha ka setlha sa 1948/49.<ref>"Club Cannes (Cannes), France". ''Wildstat.com''. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 28 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20120119220027/http://wildstat.com/p/2601/club/FRA_AS_Cannes 2011]</ref> == '''Bordeaux''' == * Zidane o ne a fudusediwa kwa Girondins de Bordeaux ka 1992-93, a fenya Intertoto Cup ka 1995 morago ga go fenya Karlsruher SC.<ref>"1995: Bordeaux lay down Intertoto gauntlet". UEFA. 1 August 1995. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2012.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130731054558/http://en.archive.uefa.com/competitions/intertotocup/history/season%3D1995/intro.html]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane's amazing 11-month Uefa Cup odyssey". ''Goal.com''. 25 May 2015. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 16 January [http://www.goal.com/en/news/166/europa-league/2015/05/25/11924912/zinedine-zidanes-amazing-11-month-uefa-cup-odyssey 2018]</ref>le go feleletsa ka maemo a bobedi kgatlhanong le Bayern Munich ka 1995 -96 UEFA Cup.<ref>"Zinedine Zidane's amazing 11-month Uefa Cup odyssey". ''Goal.com''. 25 May 2015. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2018.[http://www.goal.com/en/news/166/europa-league/2015/05/25/11924912/zinedine-zidanes-amazing-11-month-uefa-cup-odyssey]</ref><ref>Chemin, Michel (2 May 1996). "Le Bayern prend l'avantage, pas la finale Battus 2–0 à Munich, les Girondins devront refaire, le 15 mai, le coup de Milan" [Bayern take the lead 2–0 but the battle is not over, the Girondins will reattempt the coup of Milan in Munich on 15 May]. ''Libération'' (in French). Paris. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2019.[https://www.liberation.fr/sports/1996/05/02/le-bayern-prend-l-avantage-pas-la-finalebattus-2-0-a-munich-les-girondins-devront-refaire-le-15-mai-_172783]</ref><ref>Leroux, Patrick (16 May 1996). "Bordeaux a rêvé, Munich a gagné. Le miracle n'a pas eu lieu. Vainqueur 3–1, le Bayern remporte la Coupe de l'UEFA" [Bordeaux dreamed, Munich won. The miracle did not happen. Victors by 3–1, Bayern wins the UEFA Cup]. ''Libération'' (in French). Paris. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2014.[http://www.liberation.fr/sports/1996/05/16/bordeaux-a-reve-munich-a-gagne-le-miracle-n-a-pas-eu-lieu-vainqueur-3-1-le-bayern-remporte-la-coupe-_171559]</ref>mo dingwageng tse nnè tse a di feditseng a le mo setlhopheng seno. O ne a tshameka motshamekô o o neng o tla dira gore a kgone go tshameka le Bixente Lizarazu le Christophe Dugarry, o o neng o tla nna letshwao la Bordeaux le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Fora sa 1998. Ka 1995, mookamedi wa Blackburn Rovers Kenny Dalglish o ne a supa kgatlhego ya go saena Zidane le Dugarry, mo mong wa tlelapa Jack Walker a neng a araba ka gore, "Ke eng fa o batla go saena Zidane fa re na le Tim Sherwood?".<ref>The Ones That Got Away...Zidane Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine – VitalFootball.co.uk, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928021138/http://www.blackburn.vitalfootball.co.uk/article.asp?a=47576 2006]</ref>Go ya ka Barry Silkman, moemedi wa kgwele ya dinao, Zidane o ne a neelwa go ya Newcastle United ka £1.2 million, fela setlhopha se ne sa gana kopo eo morago ga go mo lebelela, se bolela gore o ne a sa lekana go tshameka mo English First Division. <ref>"Sport.co.uk meets...Football agent Barry Silkman". sport.co.uk. 15 March 2010. Archived from the original on 9 July 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130709001408/http://www.sport.co.uk/features/sportcouk-meetsfootball-agent-barry-silkman/896]</ref> Ka 1996, Zidane o ne a amogela sekgele sa Motshameki wa Ngwaga wa Ligue 1.<ref>"Palmarès Trophées UNFP – Oscars du football – Meilleur joueur de Ligue 1" (in French). Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180702224030/http://www.sportpalmares.eu/Trophees-UNFP-Oscars-du-football.html]</ref> == '''Juventus''' == * Morago ga go tshameka kwa Bordeaux le kwa Fora, Zidane o ne a fiwa ditshono tsa go ya go tshameka kwa {{Infobox person|credits="Ke motshameki yo o kgethegileng. O dira gore go nne le lefelo le le se nang sepe. Go sa kgathalesege gore o tsaya bolo kae kana gore e tla jang mo go ene, o kgona go tswa mo mathateng. Kakanyo ya gagwe le thekeniki ya gagwe di a gakgamatsa" Molekane wa gagwe wa setlhopha sa Juventus Edgar Davids ka ga bokgoni jwa ga Zidane}} ditlelapeng tse dikgolo tsa Yuropa ka dikgakologo tsa 1996, mme o ne a tlhopha go ya go tshameka kwa Juventus, e e neng ya fenya UEFA Champions League ka nako e e neng e le gaufi le go fela.Zidane o ne a nna le tlhotlheletso e kgolo ka bonako kwa Italy, a fenya Serie A ka 1996 le 1997 le Intercontinental Cup ka 1996.<ref>"Toyota Cup 1996". FIFA. 26 November 1996. Archived from the original on 21 January 2012. Retrieved 28 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20120121103546/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/clubs/matchreport/newsid%3D512164.html 2011]</ref>.O ne a bidiwa Serie A Foreign Footballer of the Year mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha.<ref>List of Oscar del Calcio winners on the AIC official website. Retrieved 23 July 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130515095258/http://www.assocalciatori.it/Pagine/AlbodOro/tabid/161/language/en-US/Default.aspx]</ref> Maemo a Zidane a a golang mo motshamekong a ne a dira gore a tlhophiwe mo setlhopheng sa Yuropa sa go lebana le setlhopha sa Lefatshe sa XI se se neng se na le setlhopha sa kwa pele sa ga Ronaldo le Gabriel Batistuta ka Sedimonthole 1997.<ref>"Web Archive - Europe vs. Rest of the World team list". FIFA. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2020.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180818052155/https://www.fifa.com/news/y=1997/m=12/news=europe-rest-the-world-team-list-71633.html]</ref>Fa Zidane e ne e le motlhami wa motshameko kwa Juve, o ne a tshameka fela fa morago ga motshameki wa kwa pele Alessandro Del Piero, mme Del Piero o gakologelwa jaana, "Zidane o ne a na le talente e e sa tlwaelegang, e e neng ya dira gore a kgatlhegele fela go thusa setlhopha. E ne e se motshameki yo o pelotshetlha. O ne a na le bokgoni jo bo sa tshwaneng le bope jwa go nna motho yo o molemo le go nna motho yo o berekang mmogo. Ke ne ka nna lesego go tshameka le ene". <ref>"Juventus legend Del Piero: What it was like to call Zidane a teammate..." Tribal Football. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20210512021123/https://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/juventus-legend-del-piero-wha-it-was-like-to-call-zidane-a-teammate-4183835#2dD7rJbsTTF6AtLt.99]</ref> O ne a latlhegelwa ke UEFA Champions League Final ya 1997 3 - 1 go Borussia Dortmund fa a ne a sa kgone go dira kgatelelo kgatlhanong le go tshwaya ga Paul Lambert.<ref>Gordon, Phil (6 September 2009). "Norwich City manager Paul Lambert on his vision for the future". ''Sunday Herald''. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2012.[http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/english-football/norwich-city-manager-paul-lambert-on-his-vision-for-the-future-1.917708]</ref>Mo setlheng se se latelang, Zidane o ne a ntsha maduo a le supa mo metshamekong e le 32 mo kgaisanong go thusa Juventus go fenya Serie A ka 1997-98 mme ka jalo a boloka Scudetto. Kwa Yuropa, Juventus e ne ya dira motshameko wa bone wa boraro o o latelanang wa UEFA Champions League Final, mme ba ne ba latlhegelwa ke motshameko ka 1 - 0 go Real Madrid. Ka 1998, Zidane o ne a bidiwa FIFA World Player of the Year, mme a gapa Ballon d'Or. Juventus e ne ya feletsa e le ba bobedi mo Serie A ya 2000-01, fela ba ne ba tswa mo kgaisanong ya ditlhopha tsa Champions League, morago ga gore Zidane a kganelwe go tshameka motshameki wa Hamburger SV, Jochen Kientz ka tlhogo.<ref>"Five-match ban for Zidane". ''BBC Sport''. 27 October 2000. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2012.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/champions_league/994847.stm]</ref> Ka 2001, Zidane o ne a bidiwa Serie A Foreign Footballer of the Year ka lekgetlo la bobedi<ref>List of Oscar del Calcio winners on the AIC official website. Retrieved 23 July 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130515095258/http://www.assocalciatori.it/Pagine/AlbodOro/tabid/161/language/en-US/Default.aspx]</ref> == '''Real Madrid''' == * [[Setshwantsho:Beckham zidane team.jpg|thumb|Beckham Zidane]]Ka ngwaga wa 2001, Zidane o ne a tsena mo Real Madrid ka tlhwatlhwa ya rekoto ya lefatshe ya dibilione di le 150 tsa di-lira tsa Italy,<ref>"Zidane al Real" (in Italian). Juventus F.C. 9 July 2001. Archived from the original on 6 August 2001. Retrieved 15 September 2011.[https://web.archive.org/web/20010806031702/http://www.juventus.com/news/0%2C%2CA_336083%7CL_IT%2C00.html]</ref><ref>"Zidane stecca la prima". ''Rai Sport'' (in Italian). 28 July 2001. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August [https://web.archive.org/web/20170822053511/http://www2.raisport.rai.it/news/sport/calcioestero/200107/28/3b62f895068d4/ 2017]</ref> (mo e ka nnang €77.5 million ka tlhwatlhwa e e tlhomameng ya phapanyetsano; e e begilweng e le dibilione di le 12.8 tsa di-peseta<ref>"El fichaje de Zidane por el Real Madrid llega a su final". ''ABC'' (in Spanish). Madrid. 4 July 2001. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2017.[http://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-04-07-2001/abc/Deportes/el-fichaje-de-zidane-por-el-real-madrid-llega-a-su-final_32626.html]</ref>) ka dikarolwana,<ref>"Reports and Financial Statements at 30 June 2002" (PDF). Juventus F.C. 28 October 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2012.[https://web.archive.org/web/20150607132859/http://www.juventus.com/wps/wcm/connect/7665be8a-c95d-406e-91db-4de08d142c0c/28_ott_2002_eng_.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=7665be8a-c95d-406e-91db-4de08d142c0c]</ref> mme a saena konteraka ya dingwaga di le nne. Go tlaleletsa mo nakong ya Galacticos ya dinaledi tsa lefatshe tse di saenetsweng ke Real Madrid ngwaga mongwe le mongwe, mo setlheng sa gagwe sa ntlha mo setlhopheng Zidane o ne a bona phenyo e e tumileng ya motshameko, phenyo ya motshameko ka leoto la gagwe la molema le le bokoa go tswa mo ntlheng ya lebokoso la jarata tse 18, mo phenyong ya 2 - 1 ya Madrid kgatlhanong le Bayer Leverkusen mo Finale ya UEFA Champions League ya 2002. <ref>Smith, Rory (20 December 2009). "Top 20 sporting moments of the decade: Zinedine Zidane's Champions League final winner". ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2014.[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/champions-league/6833372/Top-20-sporting-moments-of-the-decade-Zinedine-Zidanes-Champions-League-final-winner.html]</ref><ref>"2001 – present – Real Madrid surpasses the century mark". Real Madrid CF. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2008.[http://www.realmadrid.com/en/about-real-madrid/history/football/2001-2010-the-ninth-with-zidane-beckham-ronaldo-and-figo]</ref> Goal eno e ne ya kaiwa e le nngwe ya tse di gaisang mo hisetoring ya Champions League.<ref>Smith, Rory (20 December 2009). "Top 20 sporting moments of the decade: Zinedine Zidane's Champions League final winner". ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2014.</ref><ref>"Ten of the best Champions League goals". ''The Guardian''. London. 16 April 2009. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2014.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2009/apr/16/best-champions-league-goals]</ref><ref>"Who's made our Champions League top five". ''BT Vision''. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105220012/http://www.btvision.bt.com/sport/whos-made-our-champions-league-top-five/]</ref> Bogolo jwa tlhaselo bo ne jwa dira gore Zidane a nne le mongwe wa mekete ya gagwe ya go keteka mokgele ka maikutlo fa a ne a tabogela kwa moleng wa kgoreletso ka molomo o bulegile, a goa ka boitumelo * Zinedine Zidane, yo o neng a le bokgakala jwa dimetara di le 18, a lebile e bile a letile, o ne a fetola tsela e mmele wa gagwe o lebegang ka yone mme ka go dira jalo, a dira tiro e e motlhofo, a bo a tshwara kgwele ya motshameko ka botlalo ka leoto la gagwe la molema. E fofa fa pele ga Hans-Jörg Butt. E ne e le nako ya go galalediwa ga Zidane, go feta fa a ne a le kwa makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1998, ka ntlha ya bopelontle le bontle jwa nako eo, ka ntlha ya tsela e a neng a kgona go laola sengwe le sengwe se se mo dikologileng ka yone. E ne e le Bruce Lee yo o tsamayang ka bonya fa go ne go rena tlhakatlhakano ya kung-fu. == Tiro ya boditšhabatšhaba == * Fora le Algeria di tsaya Zidane e le moagi wa tsone. Go ne go na le magatwe a gore mokatisi Abdelhamid Kermali o ne a gana go fa Zidane maemo mo setlhopheng sa Algeria ka gonne a ne a akanya gore motshameki yo mmotlana wa kwa gare o ne a se bonako ka mo go lekaneng. <ref>"The scarred French messiah". ''Rediff.com''. Archived from the original on 9 July 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2011.[http://specials.rediff.com/sports/2006/jul/10sld-zid1.htm]</ref> Zidane o ne a ganetsa magatwe ao mo potsolotsong ya 2005, a re o ne a ka se ka a tshamekela Algeria ka gore o ne a setse a tshamekele Fora.<ref>Le Buteur magazine 7 May [https://web.archive.org/web/20070614013751/http://img106.imageshack.us/my.php?image=sanstitre15bu.jpg 2005]</ref> Zidane e ne e le lekoko la setlhopha sa Fora sa ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le 21 se se neng sa gapa sekgele sa boronse kwa Metshamekong ya Mediterranean ya 1993 kwa Languedoc-Roussillon.<ref>''Zinedine Zidane 'The best player ever in History'''. epubli. pp. 69–. GGKEY:L6NR6UY3RQ0. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021.[https://web.archive.org/web/20210605192930/https://books.google.com/books?id=Pk280bcN8hIC&pg=PA69]</ref> O ne a tshameka kgwele ya gagwe ya ntlha le Fora jaaka motshameki yo o neng a le mo boemong jwa gagwe mo motshamekong wa botsalano kgatlhanong le Czech Republic ka di 17 Phatwe 1994, o o neng wa felela ka go sa tshwane ga 2- 2 morago ga gore Zidane a goge gabedi go thusa Fora go phimola tlhaelo ya 2 - 0. Morago ga gore Eric Cantona a kgaolwe ngwaga otlhe ka January 1995 ka ntlha ya go tlhasela motshameki, Zidane o ne a tsaya maemo a motshameki. <ref>"Cantona and Ginola omitted by France". ''The Independent''. 16 April 2015. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022.[https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cantona-and-ginola-omitted-by-france-1348207.html]</ref> '''Euro 1996''' Le fa gone Fora e ne e se mo maemong a yone a a kwa godimo mo kgaisanong eno, e ne ya fitlha kwa makgaolakgannyeng a manè. Zidane o ne a ise a tlhomamisiwe ka botlalo mo setlhopheng sa Fora mme seemo sa gagwe se ne se le mo magareng mo kgaisanong yotlhe, mme o ne a kgona go ntsha maduo mo kgaisanong ya kotlhao mo makgaolakgannyeng le mo makgaolakgannyeng. Fora e ne ya ntshiwa mo metshamekong ya makgaolakgang ya Euro 96 mo kgaisanong ya go thuntsha ya kotlhao kgatlhanong le Czech Republic.<ref>"Czechs prevail on penalties to reach final". UEFA. 16 April 2015. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2015.[http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=1996/matches/round=224/match=52915/postmatch/report/index.html]</ref> '''1998 World Cup''' [[Setshwantsho:Arc de triomphe du carrousel in Paris France.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Morago ga gore lefatshe Fora e fenye Sejana sa Lefatshe, setshwantsho sa ga Zidane se ne sa bewa mo Arch de Triomphe (setshwantsho) mmogo le mafoko a a reng "Merci Zizou"]] Sejana sa lefatshe sa FIFA sa 1998 e ne e le Sejana sa Lefatshe sa ntlha se Zidane a neng a nna le seabe mo go sone; kgaisano e ne e tshwaretswe kwa nageng ya gaabo, Fora. Setlhopha sa Mafora se ne sa fenya metshameko yotlhe e meraro mo kgaisanong ya ditlhopha, mme Zidane o ne a tsentse golo ya ga Christophe Dugarry mo motshamekong wa go bula kgatlhanong le Afrika Borwa go tswa kwa sekhutlong, mme a thusa go tsentse golo ya ga Thierry Henry mo motshamekong wa bobedi kgatlhanong le Saudi Arabia. O ne a kobiwa mo motshamekong wa bofelo ka go kgwathisa Fuad Anwar, a nna motshameki wa ntlha wa Mofora go amogela karata e khibidu mo motshamekong wa makgaolakgang wa Sejana sa Lefatshe.<ref>Wilson, Jonathan (21 March 2020). "Ranked! The 10 best players of France 98". FourFourTwo. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2020.[https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/best-players-world-cup-france-98-zidane-ronaldo-thuram-bergkamp-suker]</ref> Kwa ntle ga motshameki wa bone, France e ne ya tswelela go fenya 1 -0 mo motshamekong wa makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Paraguay mme, fa a boela kwa letlhakoreng, a fenya Italy 4 -3 mo dikotlhaong morago ga go sa kwalwa gope kwa makgaolakgannyeng, mme Zidane a ne a tshwara kgwele ya ntlha mo motshamekong wa go thuntshana. <ref>Di Gennaro, Dario. "Italia-Francia, 1998 0-0 (3-4)" [Italy–France, 1998 0–0 (3–4)]. ''rai.it'' (in Italian). Rai Sport. Archived from the original on 16 June 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2012.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120616003113/http://www2.raisport.rai.it/eventi/francia98/incontri/ita_fra.htm]</ref>France e ne ya fenya Croatia ka 2 - 1 mo semi-finaleng. Le fa Zidane a ne a na le seabe mo go fitlheleleng ga setlhopha, o ne a ise a fitlhelele le fa e le gope mo Sejaneng sa Lefatshe. <ref>Will Magee (23 June 2017). "How Zinedine Zidane's France Won World Cup '98". Vice Sports. Archived from the original on 26 February 2019. Retrieved 25 February 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190226050020/https://sports.vice.com/en_au/article/gyp7jw/how-zinedine-zidanes-france-won-world-cup-98]</ref> Zidane le Fora ba ne ba ya go tshameka kgatlhanong le bafenyi ba ba tshwereng maemo le ba ba rategang Brazil kwa Stade de France kwa makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 1998. Fora e ne ya laola Brazil go tloga fela fa go ne go simololwa motshameko, mme Zidane o ne a ntsha maduo a le mabedi a a tshwanang, ka bobedi jwa one e le ka ditlhogo ka ntlha ya go itewa ga Emmanuel Petit le Youri Djorkaeff. Ka ntlha ya dipholo tse pedi tsa ga Zidane, Fora e ne ya tsena mo kgaoganyong ya sephatlo sa motshameko ka go etelelwa pele ke 2 - 0 ka letsogo le le lengwe mo sejaneng sa Sejana sa Lefatshe. Petit o ne a tsenya golo ya boraro ka nako ya go khutla ga motshameko go tiisa phenyo ya 3-0 le go fenya ga Fora mo Sejaneng sa Lefatshe sa ntlha. Zidane o ne a bidiwa monna wa motshameko, a nna mogaka wa bosetšhaba ka bonako mme o ne a tla amogela Legion of Honour moragonyana mo ngwageng oo. Go feta batho ba le milione ba ne ba kokoana mo Champs-Élysées kwa Paris, mme mekete e ne e le go dikologa Arc de Triomphe.<ref>"For Joyous French, a Night to Remember" Archived 18 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''Washington Post''. Retrieved 21 November 2013.[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/soccer/longterm/worldcup98/articles/party.htm]</ref><ref>"Zidane calls time on international career" Archived 27 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine. ABC. Retrieved 21 November 2013.[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-08-13/zidane-calls-time-on-international-career/2025020]</ref> '''Euro 2000''' [[Setshwantsho:Maillot Zidane.jpg|thumb|Seaparo sa ga Zidane sa Fora sa Euro 2000]] Dingwaga tse pedi morago ga moo Fora e ne ya fenya Euro 2000, mme ya nna setlhopha sa ntlha go tshwara Sejana sa Lefatshe le Sejana sa Yuropa fa e sa le Jeremane Bophirima e dira jalo ka 1974. Zidane o ne a fetsa ka dipholo di le pedi, e leng go itaya kgwele e e golang mo kgaisanong ya makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Spain le go itaya kgwele ya gauta mo kgaisanong ya makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Portugal ka kotlhao.<ref>"Raul miss sends France through". ''BBC Sport''. 25 June 2000. Archived from the original on 28 July 2003. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/euro2000/805574.stm]</ref><ref>"Zidane sends France through". ''BBC Sport''. 28 June 2000. Archived from the original on 3 September 2017. Retrieved 12 January [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/euro2000/810547.stm 2018]</ref> O ne gape a beela Henry leano la go fenya Denmark ka 3 - 0 mo motshamekong wa bone wa ntlha wa setlhopha.<ref>Evagora, Andreas (11 June 2000). "France shuts out Denmark in Euro 2000". ''CBC Sports''. Retrieved 22 April 2024.[https://www.cbc.ca/sports/france-shuts-out-denmark-in-euro-2000-1.208072]</ref> UEFA e ne ya bitsa Zidane go nna Motshameki wa Motshameko.<ref>"Euro 2000: The French Revolution" Archived 26 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine. BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 August [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17760487 2014]</ref>Zidane ka boene o dumela gore o ne a le kwa setlhoeng sa gagwe ka nako ya kgaisano, fa webosaete ya UEFA e bolela gore, "Kwa Belgium le Netherlands, Zidane o ne a laola mo kgaisanong e kgolo ka tsela e go seng motho ope yo o kileng a kgona go dira jalo fa e sale Diego Maradona ka 1986. Go tswa mo motshamekong wa go bula kgatlhanong le Denmark go ya kwa motshamekong wa makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Italy, 'Zizou' o ne a phatsima thata, a kgatlhisa baganetsi ba gagwe ka metshameko ya gagwe e e botlhale, a kgatlhisa batsamaisi ba dinao, a taboga ka lebelo le le kwa godimo le go nna le pono e e botlhale".<ref>"Zidane basks in his golden summer of 2000". UEFA. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2018.[https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/memories/newsid=1757816.html]</ref> '''2002 World Cup''' Jaaka mmampodi wa lefatshe le wa Yuropa, Fora e tsenela Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2002 kwa Japan/Korea jaaka ba ba neng ba ratiwa, fela kgobalo ya serope e e neng ya nna teng mo motshamekong wa go thutafatsa pele ga kgaisano e ne ya thibela Zidane go tshameka mo metshamekong ya ntlha e mebedi ya Fora mme ntle le pheko ya bone, setlhopha sa Fora se ne sa palelwa ke go dira maduo mo metshamekong e mebedi, ba latlhegelwa ke 1 - 0 kgatlhanong le Senegal, mme ba tshwara Uruguay go ya kwa go se nang maduo. O ne a busediwa morago pele ga nako mo motshamekong wa boraro kgatlhanong le Denmark, le fa a ne a sa itekanela sentle, mme ga a ka a kgona go thibela Fora go latlhegelwa ke 2 - 0, mme a kgaolwa ka tsela e e tlhabisang ditlhong mo kgaisanong ya ditlhopha a sa dira le fa e le gope fela; e ne e le tiragatso e e maswe go gaisa ya mmampodi yo o emetseng mo hisetoring ya kgaisano.<ref>Bland, Gareth (28 July 2015). "The story of France's failure at World Cup 2002". ''These Football Times''. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2018.[https://thesefootballtimes.co/2015/07/28/frances-failure-at-world-cup-2002/]</ref> '''Euro 2004''' Kwa Euro 2004, Fora e ne ya fenya Engelane le Switzerland. Mo motshamekong wa go bula kgatlhanong le Engelane, Zidane o ne a dira kgwele ya mahala le kotlhao mo nakong ya go khutla ga motshameko go fetola go fenngwa mo go neng go le gaufi go nna phenyo ya 2-1.<ref>"France 2–1 England". ''BBC Sport''. 13 June 2004. Archived from the original on 5 October 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/euro_2004/3787491.stm]</ref> <ref>"Euro Moments: Zidane quick on the double to down England". ''The Irish Times''. Dublin. 27 May 2016. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/soccer/international/euro-moments-zidane-quick-on-the-double-to-down-england-1.2650665]</ref>Mo motshamekong o o latelang wa setlhopha kgatlhanong le Croatia, kgwele ya gagwe e ne ya faposiwa ke mosireletsi Igor Tudor, yo o neng a tsenya golo ya gagwe; motshameko o ne wa felela ka go sa tshwane ka 2 - 2.<ref>"Battling Croatia rattle holders France in EURO 2004 Group B". UEFA.com. 17 June 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2024.[https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/0253-0d7b43fc35c7-f77277b8ddb7-1000--battling-croatia-rattle-holders-france-in-euro-2004-group-b/]</ref>Mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa setlhopha sa Fora, Zidane o ne a bula maduo ka go fenya Switzerland ka 3-1. <ref>"Switzerland 1 - 3 France". ''The Guardian''. 21 June 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2024.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/jun/21/euro2004.sport17]</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, France e ne ya fenngwa ke bafenyi ba ba neng ba tlile go fenya Greece ka go fenngwa ke 1 - 0.<ref>"France 0–1 Greece". ''BBC Sport''. 25 June 2004. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/euro_2004/3830575.stm]</ref> Morago ga go fenngwa ga Fora, Zidane o ne a itsise ka go tlogela ga gagwe go tshameka kgwele ya dinao ya boditšhabatšhaba.<ref>"Zidane quits French national team". CNN. 12 August 2004. Archived from the original on 17 July 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2006.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170717013255/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/SPORT/football/08/12/zidane.retirement/]</ref> '''2006 world cup''' Ka go tlogela go tshameka ga batshameki ba bagolo jaaka Bixente Lizarazu, Marcel Desailly, Claude Makélélé {{Infobox person|credits=Se ke tlileng go se bua se ka nna sa utlwala e le go feteletsa dilo, mme ke boammaaruri. Modimo o teng mme o boile mo setlhopheng sa Fora. Thierry Henry, fa Zidane a boa}} [[Setshwantsho:Zinedine zidane wcf 2006-edit.jpg|thumb|Zidane ka nako ya makgaolakgang a Sejana sa Mafatshe sa 2006]] le Lilian Thuram, Fora e ne ya kgaratlhela go tsenela Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2006. Ka go rotloediwa ke mokatisi Raymond Domenech, Zidane o ne a tswa mo pensheneng mme a busediwa mo maemong a gagwe jaaka mokapotene wa setlhopha. <ref>"Zidane & Makelele back for France". ''BBC Sport''. 3 August 2005. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2019.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/4743069.stm]</ref>Zidane, mmogo le Thuram le Makélélé, ba ne ba boela mo kgaisanong ya Fora ka go fenya Faroe Islands ka 3-0 ka 3 Lwetse 2005. Ba bararo ba ne ba thusa Fora go tlhatloga go tswa mo maemong a bone go fenya setlhopha sa bone sa ditlhopho. <ref>"Zidane & Makelele back for France". ''BBC Sport''. 3 August 2005. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090402075815/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/report?id=178912]</ref> Ka 27 Motsheganong 2006, Zidane o ne a bona kgwele ya gagwe ya bo lekgolo mo Fora ka go fenya Mexico ka 0-1, e leng motshameko wa gagwe wa bofelo kwa Stade de France. Zidane o ne a nna motshameki wa bone wa kwa Fora go fitlhelela palo ya 100 ya go tshameka mo lefatsheng, morago ga Desailly, Thuram le Didier Deschamps. Fora e ne e na le tshimologo e e bonya go ya kwa makgaolakgannyeng a 2006 mme, morago ga go kgaolwa mo motshamekong wa boraro wa setlhopha, Zidane o ne a boa go ya go beela Patrick Vieira le go itirela leano mo motshamekong wa bobedi kgatlhanong le Spain. Mo makgaolakgannyeng, Fora e ne ya tshwara Brazil ka go thuntsha kgwele e le nngwe fela mo motshamekong wa bofelo wa 1998. Zidane o ne a thusa Thierry Henry go bona kgwele e e neng ya dira gore a bone motshameko mme FIFA e ne ya mmitsa Monna wa Motshameko.<ref>"Brazil 0–1 France". ''BBC Sport''. 1 July 2006. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4991616.stm]</ref> <ref>"Man of the Match: Stage 2". FIFA. 1 July 2006. Archived from the original on 11 July 2006. Retrieved 2 July 2006.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060711212605/http://fifaworldcup.yahoo.com/06/en/w/mom/s2.html]</ref>France e ne ya kopana le Portugal mo semi-finaleng mme, jaaka kwa Brussels dingwaga di le thataro tse di fetileng; gape, kotlhao ya ga Zidane e ne ya dira tshwetso ya kgaisano mme ya romela France kwa makgaolakgannyeng a mangwe a magolo.<ref>"Zidane and France seize their final chance". ''The Guardian''. 5 July 2006. Archived from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jul/06/worldcup2006.match]</ref><ref>"World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No5: Zinedine Zidane's head-butt" Archived 18 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London Retrieved 16 May 2013.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/mar/11/world-cup-moments-zinedine-zidane-head-butt]</ref> O ne a setse a itsisitse gore o tla tlogela morago ga go khutla ga konteraka ya gagwe ya Real Madrid kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha sa 2005/06, lefatshe la kgwele ya dinao le ne le setse le itse gore makgaolakgang a bobedi a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa ga Zidane e ne e tla nna motshameko wa gagwe wa bofelo. Mo metsotsong e le supa ya makgaolakgang a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2006 kwa Berlin, Zidane o ne a tsenya Fora kwa pele ka kgwele ya kotlhao ya Panenka e e neng ya itaya mo sefapanong mme ya tlolela kwa godimo ga mola wa kgoro <ref>"The cult of the Panenka penalty". FIFA. 25 June 2012. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120628113325/http://www.fifa.com/newscentre/features/news/newsid=1655278/index.html]</ref> go nna motshameki wa bone fela mo hisetoring ya Sejana sa Lefatshe yo o tsentseng mo makgaolakgannyeng a mabedi a a farologaneng, mmogo le Pelé, Paul Breitner, le Vavá, mo godimo ga go tshwaraganngwa mo maemong a ntlha le Vavá, Pelé le Geoff Hurst ka di le tharo tsa makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe, rekoto ka nako eo, e e neng ya rojwa ke Kylian Mbappé ka 2022. O batlile a kgona go tsenya bolo ya bobedi ka nako ya go oketsa motshameko, mme tlhogo ya gagwe e ne ya bolokiwa ke motshwaramarapo wa kwa Italy e bong Gianluigi Buffon. Zidane o ne a kobiwa mo motshamekong mo motsotsong wa bo110 morago ga gore a iteye Marco Materazzi ka tlhogo mo sehubeng,<ref>"Italy – France". ''FIFA.com''. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2016.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/aug/18/newsstory.sport2]</ref><ref>Smale, Simon (18 December 2022). "Kylian Mbappé nets World Cup final hat trick to prove his class, but there has to be a winner and a loser". ''Abc.net''. Archived from the original on 18 February 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-12-19/kylian-mbappe-fifa-world-cup-final-hattrick-messi/101787976]</ref> ka jalo o ne a se ka a nna le seabe mo motshamekong wa go thuntsha, o Italy e neng ya o fenya ka 5 -3.<ref>"Materazzi admits to insulting Zidane". ''ESPN Soccernet''. Archived from the original on 15 January 2014. Retrieved 16 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20140115071331/http://espnfc.com/news/story?id=373706&cc=5901 2009]</ref> Se e ne e le go lelekwa ga bo 14 ga Zidane mo botshelong jwa gagwe, mme o ne a kopana le Rigobert Song wa Cameroon jaaka batshameki ba le esi ba ba kileng ba lelekwa mo metshamekong e mebedi ya Sejana sa Lefatshe. <ref>Buckingham, Mark. "1998 World Cup – France". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 3 July 2006. Retrieved 11 July 2006.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060703033753/http://home.skysports.com/worldcup/historyarticle.aspx?hlid=373681]</ref>Sengwe se se neng se gakgamatsa ka go lelekwa ga ga Zidane e ne e le gore moatlhodi o ne a se ka a bona go itewa ga gagwe ka tlhogo, ka jalo o ne a ya go botsa batlhokomedi ba mola, ba le bone ba neng ba sa bona sepe. Mme lefa go ntse jalo, moatlhodi wa bonè o ne a bona motshameko oo, mme ka go bo a ne a kgatlhilwe ke tsela e a neng a lebega ka yone, o ne a leleka motshameki wa bo10 wa setlhopha sa Fora. O ne gape a nna motshameki wa bone yo o neng a fiwa karata e khibidu mo makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe, mo godimo ga go nna wa ntlha go ntshiwa mo motshamekong ka nako e e okeditsweng. <ref>"Zidane sent off in extra time for head butt". ESPNsoccernet. 9 July 2006. Archived from the original on 11 August 2006. Retrieved 11 July [https://web.archive.org/web/20060811220022/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=373588&cc=5901 2006]</ref> Ditiro tsa ga Zidane di ne tsa nna mo ditlhogong tsa dikgang lefatshe ka bophara, fa kwa Fora Le Figaro e ne ya bitsa go itaya ga gagwe tlhogo ka kgwele ya dinao e re "ke selo se se makgapha", mme tsebe ya ntlha ya L'Équipe e ne ya botsa jaana, "Re tshwanetse go bolelela bana ba rona eng, ba o fetogileng sekao sa bone go ya go ile? ... Seo se ka diragalela motho yo o tshwanang le wena jang?"<ref>Lee, Sam (17 January 2021). "The evolution of Pep Guardiola, decade by decade". ''The Athletic''. Archived from the original on 29 May 2021.[https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212922/https://theathletic.com/2322975/2021/01/17/the-evolution-of-pep-guardiola-decade-by-decade/]</ref> Zidane o ne a amogetse ditebogo ka ntlha ya go tshameka ga gagwe mo kgaisanong, ka Pep Guardiola a kwala gore o na le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo setlhopheng gore "Fora ga e ke e tlhakatlhakana". Letsatsi morago ga makgaolakgang, Zidane o ne a fiwa Golden Ball jaaka motshameki wa kgaisano.<ref>"2006 FIFA World Cup Official FIFA Awards: Zidane wins adidas Golden Ball award". fifa.com. 10 July 2006. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2020.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180714151444/https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/2006-fifa-world-cup-official-fifa-awards-zidane-wins-adidas-golden-bal-16415]</ref> Fa a sena go boela kwa Fora, Place de la Concorde kwa Paris e ne e tletse ka diketekete tsa batho ba ba neng {{Infobox person|credits="Tshameko e lo e tshamekileng maabane e ne e tletse ka bokgoni le botswerere. Ke a itse gore o utlwile botlhoko e bile o swabisitswe mme se ke batlang go go bolelela sone ke gore naga yotlhe e motlotlo thata ka wena. O tlotlomaditse naga ka dinonofo tsa gago tse di tlhomologileng le moya wa gago o montle wa go lwa, o e neng e le nonofo ya gago mo dinakong tse di thata, mme gape le mo dinakong tsa go fenya". Moporesidente wa Fora, Jacques Chirac, o tlotla Zidane kwa Paris morago ga Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 2006}} ba lebile ba ntse ba tsholetsa difolaga le go opela ba re "Zizou! Zizou!", mme ba ne ba etelelwa pele ke poresidente wa Fora Jacques Chirac.<ref>"World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No5: Zinedine Zidane's head-butt" Archived 18 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London Retrieved 16 May 2013.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/mar/11/world-cup-moments-zinedine-zidane-head-butt]</ref> Mafoko a ga Chirac a ne a supa maikutlo a setšhaba sa Mafora, ka dipotsolotso tse di dirilweng ka bonako morago ga tiragalo e e neng e supa tshegetso ya ga Zidane: 61% ya Mafora ba ne ba re ba setse ba mo itshwaretse ka ditiro tsa gagwe fa 52% ba ne ba re ba a tlhaloganya.[ 84]<ref>"World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No5: Zinedine Zidane's head-butt" Archived 18 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London Retrieved 16 May 2013.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/mar/11/world-cup-moments-zinedine-zidane-head-butt]</ref> Go ya ka mokwaladikgang wa kwa Fora Philippe Auclair, ditshupo tsa ga Zidane mo metshamekong ya go tswa mo kgaisanong di ne di "lebagane le tse di gaisang tsotlhe tsa gagwe a apere hempe e e pududu".<ref>"World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No5: Zinedine Zidane's head-butt" Archived 18 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London Retrieved 16 May 2013.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/mar/11/world-cup-moments-zinedine-zidane-head-butt]</ref> Jaaka motshameki wa motshameko, Zidane o ne a file setlhopha tsholofelo, le lekwalodikgang la letsatsi le letsatsi la Sefora la Libération le bolela gore, "Mo kgweding e le nngwe, Fora e ne e lora ka Zidane".<ref>"World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No5: Zinedine Zidane's head-butt" Archived 18 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London Retrieved 16 May 2013.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2014/mar/11/world-cup-moments-zinedine-zidane-head-butt]</ref> Zidane o ne a nna a ntse e le letshwao la setšhaba sa Fora, mme mokwadi mongwe wa Mofora o ne a re, "Go molemo gore re bone mogaka wa rona wa bosetšhaba a na le diphoso". Moragonyana go ne ga senolwa ka dipotsolotso gore Marco Materazzi o ne a tlhapaditse kgaitsadie Zidane, se se neng sa dira gore Zidane a galefe thata le go tsiboga. <ref>"Marco Materazzi: I used 'stupid words' before Zinedine Zidane head-butt". ''ESPN FC''. 9 July 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2020. Retrieved 2 February [http://www.espnfc.us/fifa-world-cup/story/2910348/marco-materazzi-i-used-stupid-words-before-zinedine-zidane-head-butt 2017]</ref> Ka 2010, Zidane o rile o tla "swa go na le go kopa maitshwarelo" go Materazzi ka ntlha ya go mo itaya ka tlhogo mo makgaolakgannyeng,<ref>"Zidane: I'd "rather die" than say sorry". ''ESPN Soccernet''. 1 March 2010. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.[https://web.archive.org/web/20100304145802/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/world-cup/story/_/id/749212/ce/uk/?cc=5739&ver=global]</ref> mme gape o dumetse gore o ne a ka se "tshele le ene" fa a ne a letleletswe go nna mo lebaleng le go thusa Fora go fenya motshameko.<ref>"Zidane is glad he was sent off in 2006 World Cup final". ''ww38.momento24.com''. Archived from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190803202919/http://ww38.momento24.com/en/2009/12/22/zidane-is-glad-he-was-sent-off-in-the-2006-world-cup-final/comment-page-1/]</ref> Moragonyana o ne a re, "Fa o leba dikarata tse dikhibidu di le lesome le bone tse ke di boneng mo tirong ya me, di le lesome le bobedi tsa tsone e ne e le ka ntlha ya go tshosediwa. Seno ga se seipato, seno ga se seipato, mme lorato lwa me, bogale jwa me le madi a me di dirile gore ke tsibogele seo". <ref>"Zinedine Zidane". ''Esquire''. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April [https://web.archive.org/web/20150416133836/http://www.esquireme.com/zinedine-zidane/ 2015]</ref> Morago ga karata ya gagwe e khibidu kwa makgaolakgannyeng, Zidane o ne a tlogela kgwele ya dinao mme a tlhomamisa gore ga a kitla a boela morago mo tshwetsong ya gagwe. <ref>"I'm sorry but no regrets – Zidane". ''BBC Sport''. 12 July 2006. Archived from the original on 23 September 2008. Retrieved 4 July [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/5169342.stm 2010]</ref> O ne a atlholelwa ke FIFA go kgaolwa mo metshamekong e le meraro ka ntlha ya karata e khibidu.[<ref>"FIFA bans Zidane for head butt". CNN. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2014.[http://edition.cnn.com/2006/SPORT/football/07/20/fifa.zidane/]</ref>Jaaka a ne a setse a tlogetse tiro, o ne a dumela go fetsa malatsi a le mararo a tirelo ya setšhaba le bana mo go nngwe ya diporojeke tsa botho tsa FIFA.<ref>"Zidane/Materazzi disciplinary proceedings: suspensions, fines, community service and regret". FIFA. Retrieved 13 May 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140514020245/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/news/newsid=104545/index.html]</ref> Zidane o ne a feleletsa a tshwere Cafu wa kwa Brazil ka rekoto ya dikarata tse dintsi tse a di filweng mo metshamekong ya Sejana sa Lefatshe, ka tse thataro.<ref>"Counting Cards at the World Cup". ''U.S. News & World Report''. 12 June 2014. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2017.[https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/data-mine/2014/06/12/counting-the-cards-at-the-world-cup/]</ref> == Go tlogela tiro == [[Setshwantsho:Zidane passing 2008.jpg|thumb|Zidane a tshameka motshameko wa futsal ka ngwaga wa 2008.|241x241px]] Fa e sale a tlogela tiro, Zidane o ne a tshamekela setlhopha sa Real Madrid Veterans. Gape o kile a tshameka mo metshamekong ya futsal makgetlo a le mmalwa. Ka 2015 o ne a tshameka mo kgaisanong ya futsal kwa Dubai, United Arab Emirates, mo motshameki wa kganetso a neng a amogela karata ya mmala o mosetlha ka go tsaya selfie le Zidane. <ref>"Player Gets a Yellow Card for Taking an In-Match Selfie with Zinedine Zidane". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018.[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2518159-player-gets-a-yellow-card-for-taking-an-in-match-selfie-with-zinedine-zidane]</ref> Mo potsolotsong ka Seetebosigo 2008, Zidane o ne a bolela fa a batla go boela mo kgwele ya dinao, mme o ne a sena maano a go dira jalo<ref>Gordos, Phil (22 June 2008). "Zidane tips Ronaldo for Real move". ''BBC Sport''. Archived from the original on 19 October 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2011.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/europe/7468229.stm]</ref> Ka di bongwe a tlhola Seetebosigo 2009, Zidane o ne a itsisiwe jaaka mogakolodi wa mopresidente morago ga gore Florentino Pérez a bidiwe mopresidente wa Real Madrid lekgetlo la bobedi. <ref>"Real Madrid Board of Director Announcement". Real Madrid CF. 1 June 2009. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2011.[http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202773095983/noticia/ComunicadoOficial/ANNOUNCEMENT_OF_THE_BOARD_OF_DIRECTORS.htm]</ref> Ene, mmogo le mokaedi-kakaretso Jorge Valdano le mokaedi wa metshameko Miguel Pardeza, e ne e le bona ba ba tsayang ditshwetso mo letlhakoreng la metshameko ya tlelapo.<ref>"Real Madrid Board of Director Announcement". Real Madrid CF. 1 June 2009. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2011.[http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/en/1202773095983/noticia/ComunicadoOficial/ANNOUNCEMENT_OF_THE_BOARD_OF_DIRECTORS.htm]</ref>Morago ga letsholo le le bosula la Fora kwa Sejaneng sa Lefatshe sa 2010, Zidane o ne a re ga a ikaelela go nna mokatisi mo nakong e e sa fediseng pelo.<ref>"World Cup 2010: Zinedine Zidane doesn't agree with France 'strike'". ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. 21 June 2010. Archived from the original on 25 June 2010.[https://web.archive.org/web/20100625005428/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup-2010/teams/france/7843258/World-Cup-2010-Zinedine-Zidane-doesnt-agree-with-France-strike.html]</ref> == Tiro ya bopelo tshweu == [[Setshwantsho:Zidane in Poznan.jpg|thumb|Zidane kwa Danone Nations Cup, 2008. Kgaisano ya kgwele ya dinao e e akaretsang bana ba le dimilione di le 2,5 ba ba tswang mo ditlelapeng di feta 11 000 go ralala lefatshe, mme Zidane ke ene moemedi wa yone]] Ka masome a mabedi le bone a thlola Tlhakole 2007, fa pele ga boidiidi jwa babogedi ba le 10 000 kwa motshamekong kwa bokone jwa Thailand wa Keuydaroon bana ba AIDS, Zidane o ne a tsenya bolo ya ntlha mme a tsenya ya bobedi mo motshamekong wa gagwe wa kwa Malaysia fa motshameko o ne o fela ka 2 -2. Tiragalo eno e ne ya dira gore go kokoanngwe madi a a kana ka 260,000 (R7 500). Madi ano a ne a duelela go agiwa ga dikolo di le pedi le matlo a le 16 a a nang le diphaposi tse tharo tsa borobalo. <ref>"Zidane big fan of Celtic star Nakamura". Zinedine-zidane-news.newslib.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2011.[https://web.archive.org/web/20110714174233/http://zinedine-zidane-news.newslib.com/story/1409-3237631/]</ref> Ka di 19 Ngwanatsele 2008, Zidane o ne a tsaya karolo mo motshamekong wa botlhano wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa Match Against Poverty kwa Málaga, Spain, o le one o neng wa felela ka go sa kwalwa ga 2 - 2; o ne a sa gapa gope mme o ne a kgona go tsenya golo ya bobedi ya setlhopha sa gagwe. Ene le Ronaldo, ba ba neng ba dirisana mmogo mo go rulaganyeng tiragalo ya ngwaga le ngwaga go thusa United Nations Development Programme, ba nna ba etelela pele ditlhopha tsa bone tse di nang le batshameki ba ba matlhagatlhaga ba kgwele ya dinao, baatlelete ba bangwe ba seporofeshenale le batho ba ba tumileng. <ref>"Match Against Poverty" Archived 6 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 25 September 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20171006235451/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/goodwillambassadors/match_against_poverty/]</ref>Zidane, moemedi wa UN Goodwill go tloga ka 2001, o boletse pele ga motshameko gore "mongwe le mongwe a ka dira sengwe go dira lefatshe lefelo le le botoka". <ref>"French Soccer Champion Zinedine Zidane to Be Appointed" (Press release). United Nations Information Service Vienna. 7 March 2001. Archived from the original on 27 August 2005. Retrieved 20 July 2006.[http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/pressrels/2001/note126.html]</ref> Ka Seetebosigo le Phukwi 2009, Zidane o ne a etela kwa Canada ka go ema kwa Toronto, Montreal le Vancouver. Le fa gone go ne go buiwa ka Zidane le "Ditsala", tse di neng di akaretsa Fabien Barthez le Samuel Eto'o, metshameko ya go supa e ne e tshamekiwa ke batshameki ba mo lefelong leo. Bontlhanngwe jwa madi a a neng a duelwa a ne a isiwa kwa UNICEF<ref>"Zidane & friends tour Canada – A portion of the proceeds will go to UNICEF". Newswire. Archived from the original on 18 July 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180718151640/https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/zidane--friends-tour-canada---a-portion-of-the-proceeds-will-go-to-unicef-537836881.html]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Football against poverty 2014 - Zidane (4).jpg|thumb|Zidane mo motshamekong wa botsalano kwa lefelong la Bern, kgwedi ya Mopitlo ka ngwaga wa 2014]] Ka borataro Seetebosigo 2010, Zidane o ne a tsaya karolo mo tiragalong ya go thusa ba bangwe ya Soccer Aid. O ne a tshamekela setlhopha sa Rest of the World, se se neng se eteletswe pele ke motshameki wa pele wa Liverpool le Celtic e bong Kenny Dalglish kgatlhanong le Engelane mmogo le motho yo a neng a tshameka le ene kwa Real Madrid e bong Luís Figo le moanelwa wa Celtic e bong Henrik Larsson. O ne a tshameka kgatlhanong le batshameki ba maloba jaaka Teddy Sheringham le Alan Shearer, gammogo le batho ba ba tumileng jaaka batshameki ba Hollywood Woody Harrelson, Mike Myers, Michael Sheen, moapei Gordon Ramsay, motshameki Damian Lewis le moopedi Robbie Williams. 115] Motshameko o ne wa tshwarelwa kwa Old Trafford, Manchester mme wa fenngwa ke Rest of the World ka lekgetlho la ntlha, kotlhao e e fentseng e ne ya kwalwa ke Harrelson morago ga go goga 2 - 2.<ref>"England Beaten at Soccer Aid" Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. MTV. Retrieved 13 May [http://www.mtv.co.uk/soccer-aid-2010/news/england-beaten-at-soccer-aid 2014]</ref> Ka bobedi a tlhola Seetebosigo 2013, Zidane o ne a tsaya karolo mo motshamekong wa bopelotlhomogi o o neng o tshamekiwa kwa Old Trafford jaaka karolo ya Manchester United Legends vs. Motshameko wa Real Madrid Legends o ne wa busediwa morago. Motshameko wa ntlha o ne wa tshwarelwa kwa Santiago Bernabéu Stadium. E ne e le karolo ya setlhopha se se neng se na le batshameki ba ba tshwanang le Figo, Fernando Redondo le Manolo Sanchís, mme motshameko o ne wa kokoanya madi go thusa Manchester United Foundation. <ref>"Legends ready for battle" Archived 7 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Manchester United F.C.[http://www.manutd.com/en/LEGENDSAREBACK/LegendsAreBackNews/2013/May/red-heart-united-preview-manchester-united-v-real-madrid-legends.aspx]</ref> Motshameko wa bo 12 kgatlhanong le Khumanego o ne wa tshwarelwa kwa Saint-Étienne, kwa Fora, ka Mosupologo wa 20 Moranang 2015, kwa Ronaldo le Zidane ba neng ba kopana le dinaledi tse dingwe tsa kgwele ya dinao kgatlhanong le batshameki ba maloba le ba ga jaana ba setlhopha sa Fora sa Ligue 1 sa AS Saint-Étienne. Go ya ka UNDP, "ditharong tse pedi tsa madi otlhe a a bonweng a tla dirisediwa go thusa dinaga tse di amilweng thata ke kgogodi ya Ebola e leng Guinea, Liberia le Sierra Leone go baakanya seemo sa bone". <ref>"Football legends Ronaldo, Zidane to play AS St-Etienne All Stars for Ebola recovery". United Nations Development Programme. 12 February 2015. Archived from the original on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180621144359/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2015/02/12/football-legends-ronaldo-zidane-to-play-against-asse-all-stars-to-score-for-ebola-recovery-/]</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2018, Zidane o ne a kopana gape le setlhopha sa gagwe sa France 1998 World Cup go tshameka motshameko wa go thusa kgatlhanong le setlhopha sa All-Star se se neng se akaretsa motshameki wa lebelo wa kwa Jamaica Usain Bolt. Thierry Henry o ne a tshameka motshameko wa go fetisa motshameko o le mongwe le Zidane pele ga a ka kwala, mme Zidane o ne a kgoreletsa motshameko ka go ntsha kgwele ya maoto ya dimetara di le 25.<ref>"Thierry Henry scores after gorgeous no-look one-two with Zinedine Zidane in France '98 legends match". ''FourFourTwo''. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.[https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/thierry-henry-scores-after-gorgeous-no-look-one-two-zinedine-zidane-france-98-legends-match]</ref> == Tiro ya go nna mokatisi == [[Setshwantsho:Zidane Zizu.jpg|thumb|Zidane ka gwaga wa 2013. E ne ele mothusa mokatisi wa stlhopha sa kgwele ya dinao sa Real Madrid ka n gwaga wa 2013 go ya ko wa 2014.]] Ka Ngwanatsele 2010, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa setlhopha sa ntlha sa Real Madrid go arabela kopo e e dirilweng ke mokatisi wa Real Madrid ka nako eo, José Mourinho gore motshameki yo o mo gare wa Real a bereke gaufi thata le setlhopha. Mo tirong ya gagwe e ntšhwa, Zidane o ne a solofetswe go nna le seabe mo ditiragalong le ditiro tsa Champions League mme gape o ne a tshwanetse go tsamaya le setlhopha sa ntlha gangwe le gape le go nna le seabe mo dikopanong tsa pele ga motshameko, dithutego le dikopano le mokatisi wa tlhogo. <ref>"Zidane made special adviser to Real Madrid first team". ''Reuters''. 12 November 2010. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 28 April [[2011]]</ref>Ka Phukwi 2011, go ne ga itsisiwe gore o tla nna motsamaisi yo moša wa metshameko wa Real Madrid.<ref>"Zinedine Zidane to become Real Madrid sporting director". ''BBC Sport''. 7 July 2011. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2011.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/14067827.stm]</ref> Ka 2013, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa mothapisi wa ga Carlo Ancelotti kwa Real Madrid.<ref>La Liga: Zinedine Zidane named as one of Carlo Ancelotti's Real Madrid assistant coaches". Sky Sports. Archived from the original on 17 October [https://web.archive.org/web/20131017170831/http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11095/8793891/ 2013]</ref> '''Real Madrid Castilla''' Ka Seetebosigo 2014, Real Madrid e ne ya itsise gore Zidane e tla nna mokatisi wa setlhopha sa Real Madrid sa B, Real Madrid Castilla. <ref>"Zidane to manage Castilla in the 2014/2015 season". Real Madrid CF. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2014.[http://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2014/06/zidane-to-manage-castilla-in-the-2014/2015-season]</ref> Ka 29 Phatwe, motsamaisi wa Spanish National Football Coach Education Centre (CENAFE), Miguel Galán, o ne a bega Zidane ka go dira jaaka mokatisi wa Real Madrid Castilla kwa ntle ga dibetšhe tse di tlhokegang tsa go katisa.<ref>"Zidane reported for managing without necessary badges". ''Marca''. Madrid. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2014.[http://www.marca.com/2014/08/29/en/football/real_madrid/1409319935.html]</ref> Go ya ka Galán, "Ga go na ope yo o nang le sepe le lefatshe la kgwele ya dinao yo a ka se itseng gore Zidane o dira jaaka mokatisi wa Real Madrid Castilla mo setlheng seno. Ke selo se se diragetseng se se amogetsweng ke batho ba le bantsi, jaaka go bontshitswe ke dipego tsa metswedi ya dikgang, mme Real Madrid ga e gane". <ref>"Zidane reported for managing without necessary badges". ''Marca''. Madrid. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2014.[http://www.marca.com/2014/08/29/en/football/real_madrid/1409319935.html]</ref> Le fa pego ya semmuso ya motshameko wa Castilla mo motshamekong wa go bula wa Segunda División B e kwadile Santiago Sánchez jaaka mokatisi wa Los Blancos le Zidane jaaka mothusi wa gagwe, Galán a re, "Tsamaiso eno ya maemo e teng fela mo pampiring. Boammaaruri ke gore: Zidane o dira jaaka mokatisi wa Real Madrid Castilla, fa seabe sa ga Rre Sánchez, yo ke mo tlotlang jaaka modirimmogo le ene, e le fela go ba naya dibetšhe.<ref>"Real Madrid Castilla". Real Madrid CF. Archived from the original on 2 September 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.[https://web.archive.org/web/20140902093053/http://www.realmadrid.com/en/football/academy/real-madrid-castilla]</ref> '''Real Madrid''' Ka Hirikgong a tlhola malatsi a bone 2016, Real Madrid e ne ya itsise go lelekwa ga Rafael Benítez mme ka lone letsatsi leo Zidane o ne a tlhomiwa go nna mokatisi wa setlhopha ka tumelano ya dingwaga di le pedi le halofo. <ref>"Zidane: a club legend in the Real Madrid dugout". Real Madrid CF. 4 January 2016. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2016.[http://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2016/01/zidane-a-club-legend-in-the-real-madrid-dugout]</ref> Motshameko wa gagwe wa ntlha jaaka manejara wa setlhopha o diragetse morago ga malatsi a le matlhano, fa Real Madrid e ne e fenya Deportivo La Coruña ka 5 - 0 mo motshamekong wa La Liga. Mo El Clásico ya gagwe ya ntlha jaaka mokatisi, e e neng ya tshwarwa ka 2 Moranang kwa Camp Nou, Zidane o ne a etelela setlhopha sa gagwe pele go fenya Barcelona ka 2-1, a fedisa motshameko wa Barça wa go se fenngwe wa metshameko e le 39.<ref>"Cristiano Ronaldo's late winner gave Zinedine Zidane victory in his first clásico as coach to end Barcelona's 39-game unbeaten run and reignite the title race". ''The Guardian''. 2 April 2016. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2016.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2016/apr/02/barcelona-v-real-madrid-el-clasico-live]</ref> Ka 4 Motsheganong, Zidane o ne a etelela Real Madrid pele go ya kwa makgaolakgannyeng a Champions League ka go fenya Manchester City 1 - 0 ka palogotlhe.[ Mo La Liga, Madrid e ne ya fetsa e le mo maemong a bobedi, ka dintlha di le 90 le ntlha e le nngwe fela kwa morago ga bafenyi ba Barcelona. <ref>"2015–16 La Liga Table". ''Sky Sports''. 8 June 2016. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 15 June 2017.[http://www.skysports.com/la-liga-table/2015]</ref> Ka 28 Motsheganong, Real Madrid e ne ya fenya kgwele ya dinao ya bo11 ya Champions League morago ga go fenya Atlético Madrid ka 5 - 3 mo go thuntshaneng ka kotlhao, mme phitlhelelo eo e ne ya bidiwa "La Undécima". <ref>"1-1: La Undécima is oursfinal". Real Madrid. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 28 May [http://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2016/05/1-1-la-undecima-is-ours 2016]</ref><ref>"Spot-on Real Madrid defeat Atlético in final again". ''UEFA.com''. 28 May 2016. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2016.[http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2016/matches/round=2000638/match=2015789/postmatch/report/index.html]</ref>Zidane o ne a nna monna wa bosupa go gapa Sejana sa Yuropa jaaka motshameki le mothapisi le monna wa bobedi (morago ga Miguel Muñoz) go fitlhelela phitlhelelo le Real Madrid. Gape o ne a nna mokatisi wa ntlha wa Mofora, ntle le Helenio Herrera wa Mofora-wa-Argentina, go fenya sekgele<ref>"Spot-on Real Madrid defeat Atlético in final again". UEFA. 28 May 2016. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2016.[http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2016/matches/round=2000638/match=2015789/postmatch/report/index.html]</ref><ref>"Real Madrid were crowned champions of Europe for the 11th time after beating Atletico Madrid in a dramatic penalty shootout in Milan". ''BBC Sport''. 29 May 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2018.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/36254652]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:El dulce recibimiento del Ayuntamiento al Real Madrid (01).jpg|thumb|Zidane le batshameki ba gagwe ba setlhopha sa Real Madrid, ba eme ka fa mojeng wa ratoropo wa Madrid Manuela Carmena morago ga gore Real Madrid e fenye serwalo sa bone sa masome a mararo le boraro sa La Liga, kgwedi ya Motsheganong, ngwaga wa 2017]] Real Madrid e simolotse letsholo la bone la 2016-17, e e neng e tla nna setlha sa ntlha sa Zidane sa go etelela setlhopha pele, ka phenyo mo UEFA Super Cup ya 2016 kgatlhanong le Sevilla. 133] <ref>"Carvajal wonder goal wins Super Cup for Madrid". ''UEFA.com''. Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). 9 August 2016. Archived from the original on 26 July 2017. Retrieved 15 June [http://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/season=2016/matches/round=2000778/match=2019261/postmatch/report/index.html 2017]</ref>Ka 10 Sedimonthole 2016, Madrid e ne ya tshameka motshameko wa bone wa bo35 ka go latelana ba sa fenngwa, e leng se se neng sa dira rekoto e ntšha ya setlhopha. <ref>"Real Madrid 3–2 Deportivo de La Coruña". ''BBC Sport''. Archived from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2016.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/38203086]</ref>Ka 18 Sedimonthole 2016, setlhopha se ne sa fenya setlhopha sa Majapane sa Kashima Antlers ka 4 - 2 mo makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2016. <ref>"Madrid see off spirited Kashima in electric extra time final". FIFA. 18 December 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.[https://web.archive.org/web/20161220125922/http://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/matches/round=276112/match=300364984/match-report.html]</ref> Ka 3 -3 draw kwa Sevilla mo legong la bobedi la Copa del Rey round of 16 ka 12 Pherekgong 2017, Madrid e ne ya fetela kwa makgaolakgannyeng ka phenyo ya 6 - 3 mme ya oketsa motshameko wa yona wa go sa fenngwe go ya go 40 ya metshameko, e roba rekoto ya Spain ya Barcelona ya metshameko e le 39 ya go sa fenngwe mo dikgaisanong tsotlhe go tswa mo setlheng se se fetileng. <ref>"Real Madrid break Barcelona's Spanish record as unbeaten run reaches 40". ESPN. 12 January 2017. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.[http://www.espnfc.com/real-madrid/story/3037193/real-madrid-break-barcelonas-spanish-record-as-unbeaten-run-reaches-40]</ref>Ba ne ba felelwa ke motshameko morago ga go latlhegelwa ke motshameko o le mongwe le motshameko o le mongwe mo La Liga morago ga malatsi a le mararo. <ref>West, Aaron (15 January 2017). "Sevilla just snapped Real Madrid's unbeaten streak one match after they set the record". ''Fox Sports''. Archived from the original on 13 May 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.[http://www.foxsports.com/soccer/story/sevilla-just-snapped-real-madrids-unbeaten-streak-one-match-new-record-011517]</ref>Setlhopha se ne sa tswa mo Copa del Rey ka go fenngwa ke Celta Vigo ka 3 - 4 ka palogotlhe. Ka Motsheganong wa ngwaga oo, Madrid e ne ya fenya kgwele ya dinao ka lekgetlo la bo 33, kgwele ya bone ya ntlha mo dingwageng di le tlhano, ba kgobokanya dintlha di le 93 mo tiragalong eo. <ref>"Real Madrid won their first La Liga title since 2012 thanks to a final-day victory at Malaga". BBC.com. 21 May 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39926301]</ref> Ka 3 Seetebosigo 2017, go fenya ga setlhopha kwa makgaolakgannyeng a Champions League kgatlhanong le Juventus go ne ga dira gore <ref>Daniel Taylor (3 June 2017). "Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juve". ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on 11 June 2019. Retrieved 3 June [https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jun/03/juventus-real-madrid-champions-league-final-match-report 2017]</ref><ref>Andrew Haslam (3 June 2017). "Majestic Real Madrid win Champions League in Cardiff". ''UEFA.com''. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 3 June [http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2017/matches/round=2000787/match=2019641/postmatch/report/index.html#majestic+real+madrid+champions+league+cardiff 2017]</ref>Real Madrid e nne setlhopha sa ntlha go sireletsa serwalo sa bona ka katlego mo motlheng wa UEFA Champions League, le sa ntlha go fenya ditlhopho tse di latelanang mo kgaisanong eno fa e sale Milan ka 1989 le 1990, fa kgaisano e ne e itsiwe jaaka European Cup.<ref>Saffer, Paul (3 June 2017). "Zidane matches Villalonga with unique double". UEFA. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2017.[http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2470798.html]</ref> Real e simolotse letsholo la 2017-18 ka go fenya UEFA Super Cup ya bobedi ka tatelano le ya bone ka kakaretso ka go fenya Manchester United ka 2-1. <ref>"Real Madrid v Manchester United: Super Cup – as it happened". ''The Guardian''. 8 August 2017. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 9 August [https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2017/aug/08/real-madrid-v-manchester-united-super-cup-live 2017]</ref> Malatsi a le matlhano morago ga moo, Real Madrid e ne ya fenya Barcelona kwa Camp Nou 3 - 1 mo legong la ntlha la 2017 Supercopa de España mme ya fenya Barça 2 - 0 mo legong la go boela, e feditse rekoto ya bone ya go supa maduo mo metshamekong ya El Clásico e le 24 ka go latelana mme ya fenya sekgele sa bobedi sa setlha. <ref>"Real Madrid 2 Barcelona 0 (5–1 on aggregate): Woeful Barca dismissed as Zinedine Zidane's unstoppable side win Super Cup". ''Telegraph''. 17 August 2017. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 24 August [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2017/08/16/real-madrid-vs-barcelona-spanish-super-cup-live-score-updates/ 2017]</ref>Sereto seno se ne sa dira gore Zidane a tshwane le Vicente del Bosque jaaka mokatisi wa boraro yo o atlegileng thata wa Real Madrid ka direto di le supa, a le mongwe a le kwa tlase ga Luis Molowny. Se gape se ne se raya gore, ka nako eo, Zidane o ne a fentse dikgele di le dintsi mo maemong a gagwe a go nna mokatisi wa Real Madrid jaaka metshameko e a neng a e latlhegetswe ka nako ya fa a ne a le mo tirong. Katlego ya ga Zidane e ne ya dira gore a bidiwe Motlhatlheledi yo o Molemo go Gaisa wa FIFA ka 2017.<ref>"FIFA Football Awards 2017 – Voting Results" (PDF). FIFA. 23 October 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 23 October [https://web.archive.org/web/20171024095638/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/the-best/general/02/91/68/84/fullresults-tbffa_award_rankingpresslist2017_neutral.pdf 2017]</ref> Ka 16 Sedimonthole 2017, Zidane o ne a gapa sefoka sa gagwe sa borobedi jaaka mokatisi fa Real e ne e fenya setlhopha sa Brazil sa Grêmio ka 1 - 0 mo makgaolakgannyeng a Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA mme ya nna setlhopha sa ntlha go nna le sefoka<ref>"Ramos and Real make history in the Emirates". ''FIFA''. 17 December 2017. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20181223073615/https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/ramos-y-el-madrid-redondean-un-ano-historico-en-emiratos-2925318-2925321]</ref>Ka 24 Ferikgong 2018, Madrid e ne ya ntshiwa mo kgaisanong ya Copa del Rey kwa legatong la kotara-ya-finale ke Leganés ka go ntsha diponto. Setlhopha se se ne sa nna le dipholo tse di sa itumediseng ka gonne Real e ne ya kgobokanya dintlha di le 76 fela mme ya fetsa e le ya boraro, e le kwa morago ga Barcelona ka dintlha di le 17. Madrid e ne ya dira botoka thata mo Champions League, gape ba ne ba ya kwa makgaolakgannyeng koo ba neng ba fenya Liverpool 3-1 go nna setlhopha sa ntlha go fenya ditlhopho tse tharo ka go latelana mo nakong ya Champions League, mmogo le setlhopha sa ntlha go fenya ditlhopo tse tharo ka go latelana mo European Cup/Champions League fa e sale Bayern Munich ka 1976. Ka nako eo, o ne a nna mongwe wa batsamaisi ba le bararo, mmogo le Bob Paisley le Carlo Ancelotti, go gapa Sejana sa Yuropa gararo, fa gape e ne e le mokatisi wa ntlha go gapa sekgele ka dipaka di le tharo tse di latelanang.<ref>Haldevang, Max de (26 May 2018). "The records broken in Real Madrid's Champions League final victory". ''Quartz''. Archived from the original on 27 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2018.[https://qz.com/1290231/cristiano-ronaldo-mohamed-salah-and-zinedine-zidane-can-set-records-in-real-madrid-vs-liverpool-champions-league-final/]</ref>Ka 31 Motsheganong, malatsi a le matlhano morago ga makgaolakgang a Champions League, Zidane o ne a itsise go rola tiro ya gagwe jaaka mokatisi wa Real Madrid, a tlhalosa fa setlhopha se "tlhoka go fetoga" jaaka lebaka la gagwe la go tsamaya.<ref>Pope, Nick (31 May 2018). "Zinedine Zidane Announces His Resignation From Real Madrid". ''Esquire''. Archived from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2018.[https://www.esquire.com/uk/latest-news/a20973571/zinedine-zidane-announces-his-resignation-from-real-madrid/]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane: Real Madrid boss stands down five days after Champions League win". ''BBC Sport''. 31 May 2018. Archived from the original on 13 January 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2018.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44315700]</ref> '''Go boela kwa Real Madrid''' Morago ga diphitlhelelo tse di sa itumediseng tsa Real Madrid mo dikgweding tse di latelang go tsamaya ga Zidane . tse di neng tsa felela ka go tlosiwa mo kgaisanong ya Copa del Rey kwa Barcelona, go fenngwa mo kgaisanong le ene moganetsi yo o tshwanang kwa lefelong le le lengwe le le neng la bula pharologano ya dintlha di le lesome le bobedi magareng ga ditlhopha, le go fenngwa go go sa solofelwang ga Ajax ka 4-1 kwa Champions League go go tlisitseng katlego e telele mo kgaisanong eo kwa bokhutlong, tsotlhe mo sebakeng sa beke .<ref>"Zinedine Zidane: Real Madrid reappoint Frenchman to replace Santiago Solari". ''BBC Sport''. 11 March 2019. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 11 March 2019.[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/47528561]</ref> molekane wa gagwe wa pele wa setlhopha Santiago Solari (yo ka boene a neng a le mo tirong dikgwedi di le tlhano fela, morago ga gore Julen Lopetegui a nne le nako e khutshwane a le mo taolong) o ne a kobiwa mme Zidane o ne a boela jaaka mokatisi wa Real Madrid ka la lesome le bongwe a tlhola Mopitlwe 2019, ka konteraka go fitlha ka selemo sa 2022<ref>"Official Announcement". Real Madrid C.F. 11 March 2019. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2019.[https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2019/03/official-announcement]</ref> Paka ya 2019-20 e ne e lebega e solofetsa, jaaka Madrid e ne ya ya go dirisa madi a mantsi ka selemo sa 2019, go saena Eden Hazard, Luka Jović, Éder Militão, Ferland Mendy, Rodrygo, Reinier le batshameki ba bangwe ka palogotlhe ya go feta €350 million. Ka 12 Pherekgong 2020, Zidane o ne a kaela Madrid go gapa sefoka sa bone sa ntlha mo setlheng sa gagwe sa bobedi, mme setlhopha se ne sa fenya Atlético Madrid mo kgaisanong ya makgaolakgang ya Supercopa de España.<ref>"Spanish Super Cup: Real Madrid beat Atletico Madrid on penalties". ''BBC Sport''. 12 January 2020. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/51085601]</ref> Morago ga go khutla dikgwedi tse tharo ka ntlha ya COVID-19 ka Mopitlwe 2020, La Liga e ne ya simololwa gape ka Seetebosigo mme Madrid e ne ya fenya metshameko e le lesome ka go latelana go gapa serwalo sa setlhopha sa 34 sa liki, ba kgobokanya dintlha di le 87 ka kakaretso. E ne e le sereto sa bobedi sa Zidane mo tirong ya gagwe ya go nna mokatisi. <ref>"Real Madrid 2-1 Villarreal: Real win first La Liga title in three years". ''BBC Sport''. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2020.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/53437428]</ref> Mogopolo wa gagwe o ne wa tlotlomadiwa ke metswedi ya dikgang ya boditšhabatšhaba le ya Spain, jaaka Real Madrid e ne ya roba direkoto di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le palo ya batlhatlheledi le go boloka rekoto ya bona e e gaisang ya go itshireletsa mo dingwageng di le 30, ka 21 ya batshameki ba gagwe ba kgona go tsena mo lenaneong la batlhatlheledi ka nako ya letsholo. <ref>"How Real Madrid and Zinedine Zidane won back La Liga". ''BBC Sport''. 16 July 2020. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2020.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/53385358]</ref><ref>"Mendy's first Real Madrid goal makes him the club's 21st different scorer this season". ''MARCA in English''. 13 July 2020. Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2020.[https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2020/07/13/5f0cd0ece2704e200f8b45df.html]</ref><ref>Rodrigo Salamanca (8 August 2020). "Real Madrid close out season that yielded two trophies: LaLiga and Spanish Super Cup". realmadrid.com. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2022.[https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2020/08/08/real-madrid-close-out-season-that-yielded-two-trophies-laliga-and-spanish-super-cup]</ref> Zidane o ne a tsamaya lekgetlo la bobedi ka 27 Motsheganong 2021 morago ga go se gapa sefoka mo setlheng seo.<ref>"Zinedine Zidane leaves Real Madrid for second time as manager". bbc.com. 27 May 2021. Archived from the original on 27 May 2021. Retrieved 27 May 2021.[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/57263375]</ref> O ne a kopiwa go nna mokatisi wa United States morago ga go khutla ga Sejana sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2022 kwa tshimologong ya 2023, mme o ne a se gana.<ref>"Sources: Zidane rejected approach from USMNT". ''ESPN.com''. 8 January 2023. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.[https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37635349/zinedine-zidane-rejected-approach-coach-usa]</ref> == Boswa jwa go amogela baeng == '''E le motshameki''' [[Setshwantsho:Zidane-France-2006-home-shirt.jpg|thumb|197x197px|Seaparo sa motshameko sa ga Zidane kwa Fora sa Sejana sa Mefatshe sa ngwaga wa 2006. E ne e le motshameki wa maemo a a kwa godimo, o ne a apara nomoro ya bolesome mo lobakeng lo loleele lwa botshelo jwa gagwe jwa boditšhabatšhaba.]] Bontsi jwa batho ba ba tlotlegang ba ile ba akgola bokgoni jwa ga Zidane le botlhokwa jwa gagwe mo hisetoring ya kgwele ya dinao, jaaka mokatisi wa Brazil Carlos Alberto Parreira, yo o neng a bitsa Zidane "monster" ka ntlha ya bokgoni jwa gagwe. <ref>Jon Stevenson. "Zidane's lasting legacy" Archived 31 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. BBC Sport. Retrieved 15 July [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2006/teams/france/5147908.stm 2010]</ref>Mogokgo wa Mojeremane Franz Beckenbauer o ne a re, "Zidane ke mongwe wa batshameki ba bagolo mo hisetoring, ke motshameki yo o kgatlhisang tota".<ref>Jon Stevenson. "Zidane's lasting legacy" Archived 31 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. BBC Sport. Retrieved 15 July 2010.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Stevenson]</ref>Mookamedi wa Italy Marcello Lippi, yo gape a neng a katisa Zidane, o ne a re, "Ke akanya gore Zidane ke talente e kgolo e re e itseng mo kgweleng ya dinao mo dingwageng tse di masome a mabedi tse di fetileng". Mookamedi wa maloba wa Engelane Kevin Keegan o ne a re, "O leba Zidane o bo o akanya gore 'Ga ke ise ke bone motshameki yo o tshwanang le ene.' Se se dirang gore Zidane a farologane le ba bangwe ke tsela e a dirisang kgwele ya dinao ka yone, a ithekela lefelo le le seng gone. O oketsa ka pono ya gagwe mme seo se dira gore a nne motho yo o kgethegileng". <ref>Barclay, Patrick (27 August 2000). "Zidane has the measure of true greatness". ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/4769833/Zidane-has-the-measure-of-true-greatness.html]</ref> Kwa Sejaneng sa Lefatshe sa 1998, mookamedi wa Italy Cesare Maldini o ne a re, "Ke ne ke ka tlogela batshameki ba le batlhano gore ke nne le Zidane mo setlhopheng sa me.<ref>"Zizou Top" Archived 29 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London. 2 July [https://www.theguardian.com/football/2000/jul/02/euro2000.sport2 2000]</ref> Fa go tla mo go tsholeng kgwele, o ne a le motshameki yo mogolo go gaisa botlhe, a segofaditswe ka bopelontle jo bo ntseng jalo le temogo e e fetang ya tlholego mo a neng a kgona go tshameka motshameko wa botshelo jwa mmatota wa Pac-Man mme a sa tshwarwe. Rob Smyth wa The Guardian ka kgwele ya Zidane.<ref>"On Second Thoughts: Rivaldo" Archived 27 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. ''The Guardian''. London. Retrieved 10 June 2018.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/jun/19/barcelona.brazil]</ref> Mo gare ga balekane ba gagwe ba ba tshamekang, motshameki wa kwa Sweden Zlatan Ibrahimović o ne a akgela jaana, "Zidane o ne a tswa kwa polaneteng e nngwe. Fa Zidane a tsena mo lebaleng, ba bangwe ba le lesome ba ne ba ikutlwa botoka ka bonako. Go motlhofo fela jalo". <ref>Inyang, Ifreke (19 December 2012). ""Messi plays as if he's on PlayStation, Zidane made other players look good" – Ibrahimovic". ''Daily Post''. Lagos. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2019.[https://dailypost.ng/2012/12/19/messi-plays-hes-playstation-zidane-made-players-look-good-ibrahimovic/]</ref> David Beckham o tlhalositse Zidane jaaka "mogolo go gaisa botlhe",<ref>"Zidane is the best player ever, says Beckham". Soccernews.com. 13 July 2008. Archived from the original on 12 July 2011. Retrieved 27 March [http://www.soccernews.com/zidane-is-the-best-player-ever-says-beckham/4033/ 2011]</ref><ref>"Zidane is the best player ever, says Beckham, Real Madrid Galacticos". Madridgalacticos.com. 14 July 2008. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2011.[https://web.archive.org/web/20130310021208/http://www.madridgalacticos.com/2008/07/14/zidane-is-the-best-player-ever-says-beckham/]</ref> Naledi ya Barcelona Xavi o tlhalositse mo potsolotsong ya 2010 gore Zidane e ne e le "motshameki yo o gaisang mo dingwageng tsa bo90 le kwa tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa bo2000",<ref>"Xavi: "Winning el Clasico is like having an orgasm", totalBarça". Totalbarca.com. 25 November 2010. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2011.[https://web.archive.org/web/20110221072826/http://www.totalbarca.com/2010/news/xavi-winning-el-clasico-is-like-an-orgasm/]</ref>fa motshameki wa kwa Brazil le yo a neng a tshameka le ene kwa Madrid, Roberto Carlos a boletse ka Zidane, "Ke motshameki yo o gaisang yo nkileng ka mmona. Batshegetsi ba gagwe ba ne ba goroga kwa Bernabéu go tla go mmona a thuthafala".<ref>"Roberto Carlos in awe of Real Madrid legend Zidane" Archived 17 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Yahoo Sports. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://web.archive.org/web/20141217222718/http://nz.sports.yahoo.com/football/la-liga/news/article/-/8188178/roberto-carlos-in-awe-of-real-madrid-legend-/]</ref> Motlhami wa kgwele ya dinao wa Brazil Ronaldinho o ne a re, "Zidane ke mongwe wa batshameki ba ba gaisang ba nako tsotlhe, mongwe wa medingwana ya me. O ne a le montle e bile a le pelontle, a na le bokgoni jo bo gakgamatsang jwa go bua e bile a na le pono e ntle". 171] Motlhami wa kgwele ya dinao wa kwa Belgium, Eden Hazard, o tsaya Zidane jaaka "yo o gaisang botlhe", mme fa a ntse a gola o ne a ithuta go tswa mo modingwaneng wa gagwe ka go "mo lebelela mo thelebišeneng le mo inthaneteng ka diura di le dintsi".<ref>"Chelsea's Eden Hazard: Real Madrid coach Zinedine Zidane was the best player ever". ''London Evening Standard''. 5 May 2016. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2016.[https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/chelseas-eden-hazard-real-madrid-coach-zinedine-zidane-was-the-best-player-ever-a3240971.html]</ref><ref>"Chelsea's Eden Hazard: I want to play under Zinedine Zidane". ''London Evening Standard''. 6 February 2016. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2018.[https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/chelseas-eden-hazard-i-want-to-play-under-zinedine-zidane-a3174561.html]</ref> Rivaldo yo o neng a tshameka kgwele ya dinao kwa Brazil o ne a supa bokgoni jwa gagwe ka go dira metshameko e e farologaneng e e jaaka La Roulette pirouette, go tlola le go laola bolo thata, a re, "Go tsamaya ga gagwe ka tsela e e kgatlhisang mo lebaleng le bokgoni jwa gagwe bo a gakgamatsa". <ref>"Rivaldo dreams of Germany" Archived 15 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine. UEFA. Retrieved 21 November 2013.[http://www.uefa.com/news/newsid=395064.html]</ref> Mokwadi wa dikgang Sid Lowe o ne a kwala jaana, "Zidane e ne e le karabo ya kgwele ya dinao kwa Bolshoi Ballet. Zidane o ne a le montle go feta sengwe le sengwe". Ka 2005, fa Zidane a boela kwa setlhopheng sa bosetšhaba sa Fora, tsala ya gagwe Thierry Henry o ne a re, "Kwa Fora, mongwe le mongwe o lemogile gore Modimo o teng, le gore o boile mo setlhopheng sa bosetšhaba sa Fora".<ref>"Henry hails 'God Zidane' ''Soccerway''. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://int.soccerway.com/news/2005/august/5/henry-hails-god-zidane/]</ref>Zidane o ne a galalediwa ke batshameki kwa ntle ga kgwele ya dinao; fa a sena go bona golo ya ga Zidane kgatlhanong le Deportivo La Coruña ka Ferikgong 2002, kwa a neng a goga bolo go ya kwa mojeng mme a ya kwa molemeng, a fetola mosireletsi ka fa ntle, pele a kwala ka go fetsa ka leoto la molema, motshameki wa basketball Magic Johnson o ne a re, "Nngwe ya masigo a a neng a nkgothatsa thata mo botshelong jwa me. Zidane ke motho yo o gakgamatsang<ref>McHugh, Liam (29 May 2002). "In the Crosshairs". ''ESPN Magazine''. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2019.[http://www.espn.com/magazine/vol5no12crosshairs.html]</ref> Zidane o ne a bidiwa "flawed genius" ke ESPN, Zidane o ne a na le kgono e e tlhomologileng ya go tshwara kgwele ya ntlha, mme gape o ne a itsege ka bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go kgwela kgwele ya dinao, go dirisa metshameko, go tshwara kgwele ka tsela e e kgatlhisang, le go nna le bokgoni.<ref>Carter, Jon (11 February 2010). "Zinedine Zidane: A flawed genius". ESPN FC. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 25 October [https://www.espn.com/soccer/world-cup/columns/story?id=740358 2019]</ref><ref>Valdano, Jorge (10 July 2001). "El falso lento" [The falso slow-poke]. ''El Pais'' (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://elpais.com/diario/2001/07/10/deportes/994716012_850215.html]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane". BBC Sport. 8 April 2002. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport3/worldcup2002/hi/team_pages/france/squad/newsid_1780000/1780386.stm]</ref> O ne a kgona go dirisa leoto le lengwe le lengwe, le fa a ne a tsamaya ka leoto la moja ka tlholego.<ref>Verschueren, Gianni (10 December 2012). "Ranking the Greatest Free-Kick Takers of All Time". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1437739-world-football-ranking-the-greatest-free-kick-takers-of-all-time#slide7]</ref><ref>"Rothen luck for Madrid". UEFA.com. 19 March 2004. Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October [https://web.archive.org/web/20191028052433/https://es.uefa.com/insideuefa/news/newsid%3D155502.html 2019]</ref> Mokgwa wa gagwe wa go dira le go rulaganya go ne ga mo kgontsha go dira ditlhaselo le go thunya ka maatla a magolo le ka nepagalo, segolo thata go tswa kwa ntle ga lefelo la kotlhao;<ref>"Brazil's Fans Lament Demise of the Beautiful Game" Archived 19 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/03/sports/soccer/03brazil.html]</ref><ref>Molinaro, John (6 January 2016). "Zidane: Five defining moments of greatness". Sportsnet. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/zinedine-zidane-la-lia-spain-real-madrid-france-juventus-world-cup-euro/]</ref> gape e ne e le moitseanape wa kgwele e e gololang le kotlhao.<ref>Verschueren, Gianni (10 December 2012). "Ranking the Greatest Free-Kick Takers of All Time". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1437739-world-football-ranking-the-greatest-free-kick-takers-of-all-time#slide7]</ref><ref>Casella, Alberto (9 July 2016). "La testata di Zidane 10 anni dopo, Materazzi: "Ecco la mia versione"" [Zidane's headbut 10 years later, Materazzi: "Here's my version"]. ''Fox Sports'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025075917/https://www.foxsports.it/2016/07/09/testata-zidane-dieci-anni-dopo-materazzi-ecco-mia-versione/]</ref>Ke motshameki wa maemo a a kwa godimo mo lefatsheng, Zidane o ne a le mo maemong a a gololesegang jaaka nomoro ya 10 kwa morago ga batlhasedi.<ref>Carter, Jon (11 February 2010). "Zinedine Zidane: A flawed genius". ESPN FC. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.espn.com/soccer/world-cup/columns/story?id=740358]</ref><ref>Gamba, Emanuele (25 January 2000). "Rivaldo? Meglio Zidane" [Rivaldo? Better to have Zidane]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2000/01/25/rivaldo-meglio-zidane.html]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane". BBC Sport. Archived from the original on 9 September 2019. Retrieved 25 October [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/euro2000/teams/france/squad/744858.stm 2019]</ref>O ne gape a kgona go tshameka jaaka motlhasedi wa bobedi,[188]<ref>"Positions guide: Behind the striker". BBC Sport. September 2005. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 25 October [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/rules_and_equipment/4197254.stm 2019]</ref><ref>Marrse, Emilio (13 June 1998). "Francia, l' esordio è felice Zidane illumina, Issa regala" [France, his debut is a happy one Zidane illuminates, Issa gifts France the win]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1998/06/13/francia-esordio-felice-zidane-illumina-issa.html]</ref>[<ref>Smyth, Rob (31 March 2020). "Juventus 2-3 Manchester United: 1999 Champions League semi-final – as it happened". ''the Guardian''. Retrieved 22 April 2024.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2020/mar/31/juventus-v-manchester-united-1999-champions-league-semi-final-live?filterKeyEvents=false&page=with:block-5e8380aa8f08532a0e665732]</ref> jaaka winger,<ref>Walker, Michael (21 June 2004). "Forward-thinking Zidane presses French coach for a move". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 22 April 2024.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/jun/21/euro2004.sport1]</ref> kgotsa a ka tshameka jaaka motshameki wa bogare, e ka nna jaaka motshameki wa bogare kgotsa motshameki wa bogare, ka ntlha ya bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go rulaganya metshameko ya setlhopha sa gagwe go tswa kwa bogareng ka pono ya gagwe le go fetisa.<ref>"Brazil's Fans Lament Demise of the Beautiful Game" Archived 19 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 17 November 2013.[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/03/sports/soccer/03brazil.html]</ref><ref>Barclay, Patrick (27 August 2000). "Zidane has the measure of true greatness". ''The Daily Telegraph''. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/4769833/Zidane-has-the-measure-of-true-greatness.html]</ref><ref>Bandini, Paolo (3 May 2017). "Year Zero: The making of Zinedine Zidane (Juventus, 1996/97)". FourFourTwo. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025075917/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/year-zero-making-zinedine-zidane-juventus-199697%3Fpage%3D0,1]</ref><ref>Vincenzi, Massimo (4 December 2000). "Zidane vede il Pallone d'oro ma Sheva è il suo scudiero" [Zidane sees the Ballon d'Or but Sheva is his squire]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.repubblica.it/online/campionato/shevazida/shevazida/shevazida.html]</ref> Ka jalo, o ne a kgona go thusa le go tsenya maduo, le fa a ne a se motlhatlheledi yo o atlegileng thata kgotsa motlhami yo o atlegileng thata mo tirong ya gagwe.<ref>Smyth, Rob (14 August 2019). "The Joy of Six: football and the outside of the boot". ''The Guardian''. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2019/aug/14/the-joy-of-six-football-and-the-outside-of-the-boot]</ref>Le fa a ne a sa itsege ka bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go nna tlhogo ya kgwele, bogodimo jwa gagwe le maatla a gagwe a mmele a ne a mo letla go nna le bokgoni mo moyeng, mme a bona a kgona go dira ditlhogo di le mmalwa tse di botlhokwa mo tirong ya gagwe.<ref>Crosetti, Maurizio (7 June 2014). "Infallibile Zidane quando con la testa fece meraviglie". ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2014/06/07/infallibile-zidane-quando-con-la-testa-fece-meraviglie60.html]</ref>Gape o ne a akgolwa ke batsamaisi ba gagwe ka ntlha ya tiro ya gagwe ya go itshireletsa. <ref>Valdano, Jorge (10 July 2001). "El falso lento" [The falso slow-poke]. ''El Pais'' (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://elpais.com/diario/2001/07/10/deportes/994716012_850215.html]</ref><ref>Crosetti, Maurizio (26 April 2006). "Ciao Zizou, campione unico Zidane lascia, Lippi lo racconta" [Bye Zizou, a unique champion who leaves football, Lippi tells us about him]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2006/04/26/ciao-zizou-campione-unico-zidane-lascia-lippi.html]</ref> Le fa e ne e se motshameki yo o bofefo, o ne a na le botswerere jo bo siameng le go itlhaganedisa,<ref>Valdano, Jorge (10 July 2001). "El falso lento" [The falso slow-poke]. ''El Pais'' (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://elpais.com/diario/2001/07/10/deportes/994716012_850215.html]</ref><ref>Vincenzi, Massimo (4 December 2000). "Zidane vede il Pallone d'oro ma Sheva è il suo scudiero" [Zidane sees the Ballon d'Or but Sheva is his squire]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.repubblica.it/online/campionato/shevazida/shevazida/shevazida.html]</ref><ref>Crosetti, Maurizio (26 April 2006). "Ciao Zizou, campione unico Zidane lascia, Lippi lo racconta" [Bye Zizou, a unique champion who leaves football, Lippi tells us about him]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2006/04/26/ciao-zizou-campione-unico-zidane-lascia-lippi.html]</ref>mmogo le tekatekano e e sa tlwaelegang le go nna le bokgoni mo kgwele.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref><ref>Taylor, Dave (9 March 2014). "Italy's All-Time No 10s". Football Italia. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2000/01/25/rivaldo-meglio-zidane.html]</ref>O ne gape a na le kakanyo e e gaisang ya go nna mo maemong a a siameng<ref>Crosetti, Maurizio (7 June 2014). "Infallibile Zidane quando con la testa fece meraviglie". ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October [https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2014/06/07/infallibile-zidane-quando-con-la-testa-fece-meraviglie60.html 2019]</ref> le temogo e e gaisang ya lefelo.<ref>"Big Blogger: week two". ''The Guardian''. 23 February 2007. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.[https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2007/feb/23/1]</ref>Le fa a ne a na le botho jo bo ikgatholositsweng le jo bo ikokobeditseng, batsamaisi ba gagwe ba pele ba Juventus Lippi le Ancelotti le bone ba ne ba akgola Zidane ka go nna motshameki wa setlhopha, yo batshameki-ka-ene ba neng ba ka ikaega ka ene. <ref>Gamba, Emanuele (25 January 2000). "Rivaldo? Meglio Zidane" [Rivaldo? Better to have Zidane]. ''La Repubblica'' (in Italian). Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2000/01/25/rivaldo-meglio-zidane.html]</ref>Le fa Zidane a ne a tlotlomadiwa thata ke baitse ka bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go tshameka, gape o ne a tshwaiwa diphoso ke metswedi ya dikgang ka ntlha ya go nna bogale le go nna le kgalemo, le ka ntlha ya go nna le tirisodikgoka gangwe le gape mo motshamekong, mo go neng ga dira gore a tseelwe dikgato tsa kgalemo; gape o ne a latofadiwa ke bangwe mo motshamekong wa go kgweetsa mo metshamekong le go se nne le dinonofo tsa boeteledipele, le fa a ne a kgona go itshupa e le motshameki yo o tlhomameng le yo o nang le maatla, yo gape e neng e le mokapotene yo o nang le tlhotlheletso kwa maemong a boditšhabatšhaba mo tirong ya gagwe yotlhe.<ref>Hussey, Andrew (4 April 2004). "ZZ top". ''The Guardian''. London. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2022.[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/apr/04/sport.features]</ref><ref>"Zinedine Zidane: 45 anni, e 5 cose che forse non-sapete" [Zinedine Zidane: 45 years, and 5 things that you might not know]. ''Il Corriere dello Sport'' (in Italian). 23 June 2017. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.corrieredellosport.it/news/calcio/calcio-estero/liga/real-madrid/2017/06/23-27065535/zinedine_zidane_45_anni_oggi_e_5_cose_che_forse_non_sapete/6/]</ref> Zidane o ne a bidiwa FIFA World Player of the Year gararo, e leng selo se se fitlheletsweng ke Ronaldo, Lionel Messi le Cristiano Ronaldo fela. 200] <ref>"FIFA Ballon d'Or World Player of the Year: Award History" Archived 7 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine. FIFA. Retrieved 13 January 2015.[https://web.archive.org/web/20160107100925/http://m.fifa.com/ballon-dor/history/index.html]</ref>Ka 2002, ESPN e ne ya tlhalosa Zidane jaaka "motshameki yo mogolo go gaisa mo lefatsheng mo motshamekong o mogolo go gaisa mo lefatsheng". <ref>McHugh, Liam (29 May 2002). "In the Crosshairs". ''ESPN Magazine''. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2019.[http://www.espn.com/magazine/vol5no12crosshairs.html]</ref> Mo patlisisong ya 2002 ya FIFA, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa mo setlhopheng sa FIFA World Cup Dream Team.<ref>FIFA DREAM TEAM: Maradona voted top player. Archived 9 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Reuters. 19 June 2002.[http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=11759]</ref> Ka 2004, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna UEFA Best European Player of the Past 50 Years, mme o ne a bidiwa mo lenaaneng la FIFA 100 la batshameki ba bagolo ba ba tshelang mo lefatsheng.<ref>FIFA DREAM TEAM: Maradona voted top player. Archived 9 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Reuters. 19 June 2002.[http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=11759]</ref> Mo patlisisong ya 2004 e e dirilweng ke lokwalodikgang lwa kwa Fora lwa Journal du Dimanche, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka "Mofaranse yo o tumileng go gaisa botlhe". <ref>"Pele's list of the greatest". ''BBC Sport''. 4 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 October 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2013.[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/3533891.stm]</ref> Ka 2014, mo patlisisong e e dirilweng ke kgaso ya thelebišene ya kwa Fora ya TF1, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka motshameki yo o gaisang mo hisetoring ya kgwele ya dinao ya kwa Fora. <ref>"Zidane, rated best of the French league". ''Marca''. Madrid. 30 March 2014. Archived from the original on 3 April 2014. Retrieved 31 March [http://www.marca.com/2014/03/30/en/football/international_football/1396206819.html 2014]</ref>Ka 2016, mo patlisisong e e neng e eteletswe pele ke lokwalodikgang lwa Sefora lwa Le Parisien, Zidane o ne a bidiwa "motshameki yo o gaisang wa Sefora wa dinako tsotlhe"<ref>"Equipe de France de football : Zidane plus haut que Platini". ''Le Parisien''. 8 June 2016. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2016.[http://www.leparisien.fr/sports/equipe-france-football/equipe-de-france-de-football-zidane-plus-haut-que-platini-08-06-2016-5865631.php]</ref> '''E le mokatisi''' [[Setshwantsho:Zinedine Zidane by Tasnim 02.jpg|thumb|Zidane mo bokopanong ya bobegadikgang ka ngwaga wa 2017 FIFA Club World Cup. Jaaka mokatisi wa setlhopha sa Real Madrid, o ne a fenya UEFA Champions League ka makgetho a le mararo a a latelanang.]] Le fa Zidane a ne a itshupa e le mongwe wa bakatisi ba ba atlegileng go gaisa ba motlha wa gagwe le mo hisetoring ya Real Madrid,[A] bangwe ba ne ba akanya gore nako ya gagwe kwa Real Madrid e ne e le ya masego fela.[ B] Filosofi ya gagwe ya ntwa, segolo thata go fetofetoga ga yone, e ile ya akgolwa ke ba le bantsi.<ref>Narasimhan, Raghunandhanan (May 2016). "Tactical philosophy: Zinedine Zidane". ''Outside of the Boot''. Archived from the original on 26 May 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180526030410/http://outsideoftheboot.com/2016/12/08/tactical-philosophy-zinedine-zidane/]</ref><ref>García, Jaime (May 2017). "Are Real Madrid Lucky?: A tactical analysis of Zidane's organised attack". ''ESDF analysis''. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140816/https://www.esdfanalysis.com/manager-analysis/real-madrid-lucky-tactical-analysis-zidanes-organised-attack/]</ref><ref>Nalton, James (September 2017). "Analysing Zinedine Zidane's Real Madrid Tactics & Philosophy". ''Football Whispers''. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[https://www.footballwhispers.com/blog/zinedine-zidane-tactics-real-madrid]</ref> Mokgwa wa Zidane wa go ikgapa, o o itsegeng ka go fetofetoga ga gagwe le go tlhasela kgwele ya dinao, mmogo le bokgoni jwa gagwe jwa go kopanya phaposi ya go apara, o ile wa bapisiwa le mokgwa wa go katisa wa ga Carlo Ancelotti. [ 209][210][211] Tiriso ya gagwe ya go tsenya ba bangwe mo motshamekong e ne ya akgolwa thata, jaaka bontsi jwa baemedi ba gagwe ba ne ba isa kwa diphenyong, jaaka go tsenya Marco Asensio le Lucas Vázquez gore ba tle ba kgone go naya Paris Saint-Germain lebelo le bophara mo UEFA Champions League gore ba kgone go fenya ka 3-1. Ka go tshwana, tiriso ya gagwe ya Gareth Bale jaaka motshameki yo a neng a mo emisetsa kwa makgaolakgannyeng a UEFA Champions League ya 2018 e ne ya nna botlhokwa; Bale o ne a ntsha maduo a le mabedi morago ga go tsenngwa mo motshamekong, a fetola motshameko wa 1-1 go nna phenyo ya Madrid ya 3-1. Go lemogilwe gape gore setlhopha sa gagwe se ne se itebagantse le go tlhasela ka matlhakore,[212] fa ene a ne a tlotlomadiwa ka go dira gore 4 - 4 - 2 e itsege gape mo kgwele ya dinao ya segompieno.<ref>von Artikel, AO. "Madrid's Diamond Continues to Win" (in German). SpielverLagerung. Archived from the original on 27 May 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2018.[https://spielverlagerung.com/2017/09/27/real-madrids-diamond-continues-to-win/]</ref> Ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, bangwe ba akanya gore seabe sa ga Zidane se ne se lebagane thata le go bona dipholo le go kopanya kamore ya go apara, go na le go nna le thulaganyo e e tlhomameng ya maano. <ref>Lowe, Sid (25 May 2018). "Real's Zinedine Zidane isn't known for tactics or style, just ability to win". ESPN. Archived from the original on 30 May 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[http://www.espn.com/soccer/uefa-champions-league/775/blog/post/3509559/real-madrid-zinedine-zidane-a-manager-who-knows-how-to-win-faces-champions-league-final]</ref><ref>McTear, Euan (26 February 2018). "Is Zidane really a great man manager?". ''Tifo Football''. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190128083402/https://www.tifofootball.com/features/zidane-really-great-man-manager/]</ref>[ Zidane o ne a gatelela botlhokwa jwa maemo a mmele a batshameki mme a rata go tlhopha batshameki ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso go na le tsamaiso e e tlhalositsweng.<ref>Wiltse, Matt (1 April 2017). "How Zidane's experience in Italy shaped his coaching philosophy". ''Managing Madrid''. Archived from the original on 3 April 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2018.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170403051512/http://www.managingmadrid.com/2017/4/1/15110610/how-zidanes-experience-in-italy-shaped-his-coaching-philosophy]</ref>Ka nako ya gagwe kwa Real Madrid, o ne a dirisa dipopego di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le 4 - 3 - 3, 4 - 2 -3 -1, 4 -4 - 2, le 3 - 5 - 2,<ref>Sillés, Javier (6 September 2019). "Zidane's lack of a set system continues to confuse". AS.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025173235/https://en.as.com/en/2019/09/05/football/1567701388_099859.html]</ref> gore a kgone go bona tsamaiso e e neng e tshwanela batshameki ba gagwe, mme o ne a tlotliwa ka go dirisa "ditsamaiso tse di bonolo", "...gore batshameki ba gagwe ba nne le kgololosego e e tlhokegang go supa go gaisa ga bone". <ref>Sainati, Aldo (22 November 2016). "What is it about Zidane's style that remains so under-appreciated?". Marca. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 25 October [https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2016/11/22/58346bc6468aeb81248b463c.html 2019]</ref>Ka jalo, le fa a sa tsewe e le motlhami wa maano, o ne a akgolelwa <ref>Eterno, Simone (11 May 2017). "Un paradosso chiamato Zidane: il più sottovalutato dei raccomandati" (in Italian). Eurosport. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://it.eurosport.com/calcio/champions-league/2016-2017/un-paradosso-chiamato-zidane-il-piu-sottovalutato-dei-raccomandati_sto6161621/story.shtml]</ref>mokgwa wa gagwe o o lekalekaneng jaaka mokatisi, le go nna le bokgoni jwa boeteledipele le botho jwa go laola le go rotloetsa batshameki ba le mmalwa ba maemo a lefatshe, go dira tikologo e e siameng ya setlhopha, go rotloetsa dikamano tsa seporofešenale, le go nna le mogopolo o o nonofileng wa go fenya; o bontshitse gape bokgoni jwa go fetola batshameki le go ntsha mo go gaisang mo setlhopheng sa gagwe, se se nnileng le seabe se segolo mo katlegong ya gagwe. Ka 2019 o ne a akgela jaana "O mpotsa ka batshameki ba le babedi mme se se nkgatlhang ke setlhopha. Karim o botlhokwa mo setlhopheng, e seng fela ka ntlha ya go fitlhelela ga gagwe dipholo. Casemiro o dira gore go nne le tekatekano, mme ga se gone fela.<ref>García, Javier (27 September 2019). "Zidane: "We go in to the derby in good form"". Real Madrid CF. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2019/09/zidane-we-go-in-to-the-derby-in-good-form]</ref> Mongwe le mongwe o tsenya letsogo mo setlhopheng ka tsela ya gagwe mo lebaleng la metshameko". Malebana le tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mokatisi kwa Real Madrid, Zidane o ne a bua jaana ka 2018: "Fa o dira le batshameki ba boleng jo bo kwa godimo, ba itse go laola dinako tsa metshameko fa o sa tshameke sentle, mme ba busetsa dilo mo tseleng ka bonako. Tiro ya me e ne e le go ritibatsa batho!" <ref>"Zidane on his Real Madrid role: 'My job was to keep them calm'". calciomercato.com. 5 September 2018. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20191025173233/https://www.calciomercato.com/en/news/zidane-on-his-real-madrid-role-my-job-was-to-keep-them-calm-27343]</ref>Ba babedi ba ba neng ba mo tlhotlheletsa thata jaaka manejara e ne e le manejara wa gagwe wa pele Marcello Lippi le Carlo Ancelotti<ref>Haugstad, Thore (22 May 2018). "How good really is Zidane the manager? Why the Real Madrid boss just keeps on winning". FourFourTwo. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.[https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/just-how-good-zidane-manager-why-real-madrid-boss-just-keeps-winning]</ref> == Ka ngwao e e tumileng == [[Setshwantsho:P1070029 - voyages provence.jpg|thumb|Z5 Group e e thamilweng ke Zidane, ke lefelo la metshameko le le nang le mabala a metshameko a le matlhano a a tshegediwang ke Adidas.]] Zidane o na le dikgolagano le ditlamo di le dintsi, go akaretsa Adidas, Lego, France Telecom, Orange, Audi, Volvic le Christian Dior. Ditumelelano tse tsa go mo tshegetsa di ne tsa dira gore a bone madi a a kana ka €8.6 million mo godimo ga madi a a neng a a amogela a a kana ka €6.4 million a a neng a a amogela kwa Real Madrid ka 2006, a a neng a dira palogotlhe ya €15 million ($20.4 million), mme seno sa dira gore a nne motshameki wa botlhano yo a neng a duelwa madi a a kwa godimo go gaisa botlhe mo kgweleng ya dinao.<ref>Stehli, Jean-Sébastien; Vidalie, Anne; Miquelm, Paul (8 June 2006). "Icône malgré lui". ''L'Express'' (in French). Archived from the original on 14 October 2007. Retrieved 11 July 2006.[https://web.archive.org/web/20071014204041/http://lexpress.fr/mag/sports/dossier/mondial-2006/dossier.asp?ida=438679&p=3]</ref> <ref>Berthold, Von Norbert (10 July 2006). "Warum verdienen Fußballspieler so viel Geld?". ''Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung'' (in German). Archived from the original on 15 June 2009. Retrieved 11 July 2006.[https://www.faz.net/s/RubEC1ACFE1EE274C81BCD3621EF555C83C/Doc~E0DB6C733FD4B4271BB2DF785640AD9EA~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html]</ref> Ka 2004, makasine wa Forbes o kwadile madi a gagwe a $15.8 million mo dikgweding tse 12 tse di fetileng.<ref>"The Best Paid Athletes". ''Forbes''. 24 June 2004. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2006.[https://www.forbes.com/2004/06/23/04athletesland.html]</ref>Ka Motsheganong 2010, Zidane o ne a tlhagelela mo papatsong ya Louis Vuitton, a tshameka kgwele ya dinao le Pelé le Diego Maradona. <ref>"Maradona, Pelé and Zidane for Vuitton" Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. ''GQ''. Retrieved 14 May 2014.[https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/style/articles/2010-04/26/gq-style-news-maradona-pele-and-zidane-for-louis-vuitton]</ref> Zidane o tlhagelela jaaka naledi ya khabara ya Ultimate Edition of the FIFA video game FIFA 20.<ref>Stanley, Jack (30 July 2019). "Zinedine Zidane to Cover 'FIFA 20 Ultimate Edition'". ''HYPEBEAST''. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2019.[https://hypebeast.com/2019/7/fifa-20-zinedine-zidane-ultimate-edition-cover-fut-icon]</ref> Ka 2005, batlhami ba difilimi e bong Philippe Parreno le Douglas Gordon ba ne ba dira filimi e e nang le setlhogo se se reng Zidane: A 21st Century Portrait, e e latelang Zidane mo motshamekong otlhe, e e neng ya gatisiwa ka dikhamera di le 17. Setlhopha sa mmino wa post-rock sa kwa Scotland sa Mogwai se ne sa dira mmino wa yone. Filimi e e ne e le karolo ya 2009 Full Frame Documentary Film Festival<ref>Harrington, Rob (1 April 2009). "Dreams don't cost a thing". ''Independent Weekly''. Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2009.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090414030605/http://www.indyweek.com/gyrobase/Content?oid=oid%3A355289]</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Mogwai- Zidane, A 21st Century Portrait @ Albert Hall, Manchester 19-7-2013 (9323563699).jpg|thumb|Go bontshiwa ga Zidane: e le 21st Century Portrait documentary kwa ntlolehalahala ya Albert kwa lefelong la Manchester, le setlhopha sa mmino wa rock sa Mogwai, se se fileng mmino, mo seraleng.]] Ka Ngwanatsele 2006, Zidane o ne a etela Bangladesh jaaka moeng wa Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammad Yunus. <ref>"Zinedine Zidane wins the heart of Bangladesh!". Dhaka Daily Photos. 23 November 2006. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2018.[http://dhakadailyphoto.blogspot.com/2006/11/zinedine-zidane-wins-heart-of.html]</ref>O ne gape a etela lefelo la botsalo la Algeria la batsadi ba gagwe mme a kopana le moporesidente wa Algeria Abdelaziz Bouteflika, yo a neng a mo fa kamogelo ya semmuso. Ka ngwaga wa 2012, motaki wa Mofora-wa Algeria Adel Abdessemed o ne a ribolola setshwantsho sa boronse se se neng se supa fa Zidane a ne a betsa Marco Materazzi ka tlhogo ka motshameko wa makgaolakgang wa Sejana sa Lefatshe wa 2006. <ref>Khazan, Olga (28 September 2012). "France unveils Zidane head-butt statue". ''The Washington Post''. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2017.[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/blogpost/post/france-unveils-zidane-head-butt-statue/2012/09/28/4e43796e-0999-11e2-858a-5311df86ab04_blog.html]</ref> Ka 5 Ngwanatsele 2006, Zidane o ne a tlhagelela mo go American animated sitcom Family Guy, a bonwa a itaya mosadimogolo ka tlhogo mo karolong ya "Saving Private Brian" e le motlae wa go itaya ga gagwe ka tlhogo kwa Materazzi.<ref>"'Ode to defeat': Zidane headbutt immortalized in bronze statue" Archived 19 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. CNN. Retrieved 13 May 2014.[http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/27/sport/football/zidane-head-butt-statue-football/]</ref>Kgogedi e e itsegeng thata ya tlhogo gape e ne e le setlhogo sa tlhamo e e kwadilweng ke mokwadi wa dibuka wa kwa Belgium Jean-Philippe Toussaint e e nang le setlhogo sa La Mélancolie de Zidane (2006). Ka 2010, ditshwantsho tsa Zidane di ne tsa tlhagelela mo bidiong ya mmino wa "Waka Waka" ya ga Shakira, e e mmontshang a keteka go fenya ga Fora Sejana sa Lefatshe sa 1998.<ref>"Shakira launches clip 'Waka Waka' Cup official music" (in Portuguese). Reforma. 8 June 2010. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120331070734/http://esportes.terra.com.br/futebol/copa/2010/noticias/0,,OI4480146-EI14416,00-Shakira+lanca+clipe+de+Waka+Waka+musica+oficial+da+Copa.html]</ref>Ka 2014, motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao wa Australia Les Murray o ne a dira mmogo le setlhopha sa Vaudeville Smash mme a dira pina ya tlotlo ya ga Zidane, bidio e e tsamaelanang le yone e bontsha batshameki ba le bane ba kgwele ya dinao ba dira metshameko ya bolo ba apere di-mask tsa ga Zidane, yo mongwe wa bone a feleletsa a itaya motlhokomedi wa bosigo ka tlhogo.<ref>Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: [https://web.archive.org/web/20140531005029/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrOLGifnMJk&gl=US&hl=en]</ref> <ref>"Zidane célébré dans une chanson !". ''L'Équipe''. Paris. 3 June 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2014.[https://www.lequipe.fr/Football/Actualites/Zidane-celebre-dans-une-chanson/470655]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Zidane o ne a tlhophiwa mo go ba le 500 ba MaMoseleme ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo mo lefatsheng ke Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre of Jordan, e e neng ya re: "[Botho jwa ga Zidane] jo bo sa iketlang bo dirile gore batho ba le bantsi ba mo rate".<ref>Schleifer, Professor S Abdallah (2016). ''The Muslim 500: 2017 The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2017''. Amman, Jordan: The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre. pp. 175–176. ISBN <bdi>978-9957-635-03-9</bdi>.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9957-635-03-9]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == [[Setshwantsho:Agmun At Slimane.jpg|thumb|Ntlo ya batsadi ba ga Zidane kwa motseng wa Aguemoune kwa Algeria, e a neng a e etela ka ngwaga wa 2006 kgwedi ya Sedimonthole e le lesome le botlhano.]] Fa a le dingwaga di le 17, Zidane o ne a kopana le mosadi wa gagwe wa isago, Véronique Fernández (yo o tsholetsweng kwa Aveyron wa lotso lwa Spain),<ref>"Comment on wife upset Zidane". ''Rediff.com''. 31 December 2004. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 28 April [http://www.rediff.com/sports/2006/jul/11fwlead02.htm 2011]</ref> fa a ne a tshamekela Cannes ka 1988/89. Ba nyalane ka 1994, mme ba na le bana ba le bane: Enzo Zidane (o tshotswe ka 24 Mopitlwe 1995),<ref>"Enzo Zidane reforzará esta temporada al Real Madrid C". ''Diario AS''. Madrid. 5 August 2013. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2018.[http://futbol.as.com/futbol/2013/08/05/primera/1375658605_791775.html]</ref>Luca Zidane (o tshotswe ka 13 Motsheganong 1998),<ref>García, Victor (22 November 2007). "Mi papá es jugador del Real Madrid" (in Spanish). ElConfidencial.com. Archived from the original on 31 December 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2008.[http://www.elconfidencial.com/cache/2007/11/19/63_jugador_madrid.html]</ref> Théo Zidane (o tshotswe ka 18 Motsheganong 2002),<ref name=":0">"Portada > Plantilla > Otras Categorías > Benjamín B" (in Spanish). Real Madrid CF. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2008.[https://web.archive.org/web/20110119225549/http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/es/1193040967842/1330021868266/jugador/Jugador/Theo.htm]</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":0" />le Elyaz Zidane (o tshotswe ka 26 Sedimonthole 2005).<ref>"Elyaz: "Me gusta dar pases a mis compañeros"". ''Real Madrid'' (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2020.[https://www.realmadrid.com/futbol/cantera/cadete-a/elyaz-fernandez]</ref> Ka 12 Phukwi 2019, mogolowe Farid o ne a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya kankere a le dingwaga di le 54.<ref>Oluwatomiwa Babalola. "Farid Zidane, Zinedine Zidane's elder brother dies of cancer at age 54". Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20190713192647/https://www.legit.ng/1248700-farid-zidane-zinedine-zidanes-elder-brother-dies-cancer-age-54.html]</ref><ref>Ryan Benson (13 July 2019). "Real Madrid confirm passing of Zidane's brother". ''goal.com''. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20200804091458/https://www.goal.com/en/news/real-madrid-confirm-passing-of-zidanes-brother/m5luksw6otb71u2rrn7f4txvy]</ref> == Metswedi == 7ttitjkjnxjas32orj0re8xalftd57r 0 9635 51130 44692 2026-06-19T22:32:02Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Sandie Toletti|image=20131031 FR20 Sandie Toletti 8835.jpg|caption=Toletti in 2013|full_name=Sandie Rose Toletti<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Players - France|url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FU20W/2014/pdf/FU20W_2014_SquadLists.pdf|publisher=[[FIFA]]|accessdate=14 November 2014|date=4 August 2014|page=7|archive-date=28 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728115534/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FU20W/2014/pdf/FU20W_2014_SquadLists.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|7|13|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Bagnols-sur-Cèze]], France|height=1.69 m|position=[[Midfielder]]|currentclub=[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]]|clubnumber=6|youthclubs1=Sporting Club Cavillargues|clubs1=[[Montpellier HSC (women)|Montpellier]]|youthyears1=2001–2008|youthclubs2=[[FC Bagnols Pont]]|youthyears2=2008–2009|youthyears3=2010–2013|youthclubs3=[[Montpellier HSC (women)|Montpellier]]|years1=2013–2020|goals1=14|caps1=127|clubs2=[[Levante UD Femenino|Levante]]|years2=2020–2022|caps2=53|goals2=10|clubs3=[[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid]]|years3=2022–|caps3=46|goals3=4|nationalteam-update=4 June 2024|club-update=26 May 2024|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|[[Women's association football|Women's football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{FRA}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Women's Nations League]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2024 UEFA Women's Nations League Finals|2024]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014 Canada]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2013 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2013 Wales]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]]}} {{Medal|Winner|[[2012 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup|2012 Azerbaijan]]|}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2012 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship|2012 Switzerland]]|}} {{Medal|RU|[[2011 UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship|2011 Switzerland]]|}}|nationalteam1=[[France women's national under-17 football team|France U17]]|nationalyears1=2010–2012|nationalcaps1=34|nationalgoals1=12|nationalteam2=[[France women's national under-19 football team|France U19]]|nationalyears2=2013–2014|nationalcaps2=19|nationalgoals2=10|nationalteam3=France U20|nationalyears3=2014|nationalcaps3=6|nationalgoals3=0|nationalteam4=France U23|nationalyears4=2018|nationalcaps4=4|nationalgoals4=4|nationalteam5=[[France women's national football team|France]]|nationalyears5=2013–2025|nationalgoals5=3|nationalcaps5=55}} '''Sandie Rose Toletti''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phukwi a le lesome le boraro ka 1995) ke motshameki wa mofora wa kgwele ya dinao e e porofeshionale yo o tshamekang mo legareng wa setlhopha sa Spanish Primera División sa [[Real Madrid Femenino|Real Madrid CF]] le setlhopha sa setshaba sa France.<ref>[https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/174674/ Sandie Toletti] at Soccerway</ref> == Tiro == E le motshamekisi wa fagare, Toletti o ile kwa Montpellier ka 2010 mme a tsena mo setlhopheng sa ntlha ka 2013. Le setlhopha sa France sa under-17, Toletti o tshamekile kwa UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship ya 2012 mme o ne a bitswa UEFA Golden Player morago ga gore France e latlhegelwe ke tlhago ya dipenaliti mo makgaolakgang kgatlhanong le Jeremane.<ref>Rogers, Steven (24 August 2012). "[http://www.uefa.com/womensunder17/history/season=2012/goldenplayer/index.html 2012: Sandie Toletti]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. Retrieved 15 November 2014.</ref> O fentse FIFA U17 Women's World Championship le France moragonyana mo ngwageng o o, ba fenya North Korea mo makgaolakgang ka tlhago ya dipenaliti. Kwa UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship ya 2013, Toletti o ne a nna UEFA Golden Player gape. Mo makgaolakgannyeng o ne a nosa nno ya France ya ntlha mo phenyong ya dino tse pedi go lefela kgatlhanong le Enyelane mo nakong e e okeditseng.<ref>"[http://www.uefa.com/womensunder19/history/season=2013/goldenplayer/ 2013: Sandie Toletti]". [[:en:UEFA|UEFA]]. 24 September 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2014.</ref> Ka Phalane wa 2013 o ne a dira tshameko ya gagwe ya ntlha mo setlhopheng se segolo sa Fora mo phenyong ya dino tse thataro go lefela la Poland. == Dipalopalo tsa tiro == === Tsa boditshabatshaba === : ''E sale ka motshameko o o tshamekilweng ka Seetebosigo a tlhola gane ka 2024''<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250609180138/https://www.fff.fr/equipe-nationale/joueur/8301-toletti-sandie/fiche.html Sandie TOLETTI - FFF]". Retrieved 21 February 2021.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Iponagatso le diino go ya ka setlhopha sa setshaba le ngwaga !National team !Ngwaga !Iponagatso !Dino |- | rowspan="12" |France |2013 |2 |0 |- |2014 |1 |0 |- |2015 |1 |0 |- |2016 |4 |0 |- |2017 |5 |0 |- |2018 |0 |0 |- |2019 |0 |0 |- |2020 |0 |0 |- |2021 |9 |1 |- |2022 |14 |1 |- |2023 |14 |1 |- |2024 |5 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Palogotlhe !55 !3 |} : ''Lenaane la dino le maduo a France kwa ntlheng, tokololo ya dino e supa dino morago ga nno nngwe le nngwe ya ga Sandie Toletti''. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Lenaane la dino tsa boditshabatshaba tse di nositsweng ke Sandie Toletti !No. !Letsatsi !Lefelo !Moganetsi !Dino !Maduo !Kgaisano |- |1 |22 October 2021 |Stade Dominique Duvauchelle, Créteil, France |Estonia |5–0 |11–0 |2023 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification |- |2 |1 July 2022 |Stade de la Source, Orléans, France |Vietnam |3–0 |7–0 |Motshameko wa botsalano |- |3 |18 February 2023 |Stade Raymond Kopa, Angers, France |Uruguay |4–1 |5–1 |2023 Tournoi de France |} == Ditlotla == '''France U19''' * UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: 2013 '''France U17''' * FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup: 2012 '''Individual''' * UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship: Golden Player 2012<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/womensunder17/history/index.html Golden player 2012]</ref> * UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship: Golden Player 2013<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/womensunder19/history/index.html Golden player 2013]</ref> == Metswedi == ei6qgitsvrt5cf2800s58kqwakqf27i 0 9947 51057 41821 2026-06-19T12:08:03Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51057 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucas Valeriu Ntuba Radebe''' OIS ( o tshotswe ka 12 kgwedi ya Moranang 1969 ) ke motshameki wa pele wa kgwele ya dinao wa seporofešenale wa [[Aforika Borwa]] yo o neng a tshameka jaaka motshamiki wa mo gare.<ref>https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/local-news/safa-needs-change-in-leadership-radebe/</ref> O simolotse go tshameka mo setlhopeng sa kgwele ya maoto ya Bophuthatswana <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/lucas-radebe-1969 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-31 |archive-date=2025-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250805151630/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/lucas-radebe-1969 |url-status=dead }}</ref>e e itsegeng thata (BOPSOL) a tshamekela Stocks Birds kwa Lefurutshe gaufi le Zeerust ([[North West Profense|Porofense ya Kapa Bophirima]]) pele ga a tlholwa ke [[Kaizer Chiefs F.C.|Kaizer Chiefs]] kwa Aforika Borwa, pele ga a fudusediwa kwa Leeds United, kwa a neng a tshamekela Yorkshire metshameko e le 262 gone. Ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa ditlhopeng tseno, o ne a bidiwa ka maina a sereo "Rhoo" le "The Chief". O ne a nna mokapotene wa setlhopha sa Leeds United le wa setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa Aforikaborwa, segolobogolo kwa Sejaneng sa Lefatshe sa FIFA sa 2002. <ref>https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Lucas-Radebe/609378</ref> [[Nelson Mandela]] o buile ka Radebe a re: "Yo ke mogaka wa me." O ne gape a nna mokapotene wa Kaizer Chiefs ka nako ya fa a ne a le kwa Chiefs. == Metswedi == <references /> ltr9gt8wo27ftrs93x2lkplr8bnge00 0 10076 51119 38044 2026-06-19T21:28:20Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51119 wikitext text/x-wiki [[:en:Phenyo_Mongala|'''Phenyo Mongala''']] yo o tshotsweng kgwedi ya Seetebogiso ele lesome ngwaga wa 1985 kwa [[Kanye]], ke [[:en:Association_football|motshameki wa kgwele ya dinao]] wa pele wa motswana yoo o tshameketseng setlhopha sa [[:en:DR_Congo|CS Don Bosco]] kwa [[:en:Phenyo_Mongala|DR Congolese]] [[:en:Linafoot|Linafoot]]. == Seabe mo Setlhopheng sa Sechaba == Ke motshameki wa [[:en:Botswana_national_football_team|setlhopha sa Botswana sa kgwele ya dinao]].<ref>[http://www.vuvuzelasouthafrica.co.za/tag/phenyo-mongala/ Vuvuzela - News from SA and the world]". ''Vuvuzela''. Retrieved 29 August 2024</ref> == Botshelo Jwa Gagwe == Mongala o bidiwa gape go twe Mzambiya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222740/http://www.gazette.bw/tbg_sphead4.htm Gazette.bw (The Botswana Gazette)] 2024-08-29 at [[:en:Archive.today|archive.today]]</ref> == Dinopolo == s6tyhvu393yq8l2f0bvs52ej7ysz5ln 0 10279 51061 49427 2026-06-19T12:30:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic of Mali | common_name = Mali | native_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:85%; |title = {{resize|1.0 em|Official names}} | {{Infobox | subbox=yes | bodystyle=font-size:77%;font-weight:normal; | rowclass1 = mergedrow | label1 = [[Bambara language|Bambara]]: | data1 = {{lang|bm|Mali ka Fasojamana / ߡߊ߬ߟߌ ߞߊ ߝߊߛߏߖߊߡߊߣߊ<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/NkoOfficiel |title=Académie N'Ko Mali ߡߊ߰ߟߌ ߒߞߏ ߟߏ߲ߞߏ߫ ߘߎ߲ߓߎ |website=Twitter.com |author=Académie N’Ko Mali |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514112858/https://twitter.com/NkoOfficiel|archive-date=14 May 2022 |access-date=14 May 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}} | rowclass2 = mergedrow | label3 = [[Hassaniya]]: | data3 = {{lang|mey|جُمْهُورِيَّةْ مَالِي ({{lang|mey-Latn|Jumhūriyyet Māli}})}} | label2 = [[Fula language|Fula]]: | data2 = {{lang|ff|Republik bu Maali / 𞤈𞤫𞤨𞤵𞤦𞤤𞤭𞤳 𞤦𞤵 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭}} | rowclass3 = mergedrow | rowclass4 = mergedrow | label4 = [[Soninke language|Soninke]]: | data4 = {{lang|snk|Mali Tɔgɔbadugu}} | rowclass5 = mergedrow | label5 = [[Tamasheq languages|Tamasheq]]: | data5 = {{lang|taq-Latn|Tagduda n Mali}} / {{lang|taq|ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵉ}} | label6 = [[Songhai language|Songhai]]: | data6 = {{lang|ses-Latn|Mali Laamaa}}}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Mali.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Mali.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Un peuple, un but, une foi"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>{{native phrase|bm|"Mɔgɔ kelen, laɲini kelen, dannaya kelen"}}<br/>"One people, one goal, one faith" | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|"[[Le Mali]]"|italic=no|nolink=on}}{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Malian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga]]}} | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File: Mali (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Mali AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | capital = [[Bamako]] | coordinates = {{Coord|12|39|N|8|0|W|type:city}} | largest_city = Bamako | official_languages = {{nowrap|'''[[Languages of Mali|13 national languages]]'''<ref name="Lingua 2023">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION |date=22 July 2023 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=26 July 2023 |quote=Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali. |trans-quote=Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali. |lang=fr |archive-date=8 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LangNat">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2017-0735/P-RM DU 21 AOUT 2017 FIXANT L'ORGANISATION ET LES MODALITES DE FONCTIONNEMENT DES STRUCTURES DE L'EDUCATION NON FORMELLE |date=21 August 2017 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=21 October 2023 |quote=Selon la Loi n°96- 049 du 23 août 1996, les langues nationales du Mali sont : (...) |trans-quote=According to Law No. 96-049 of 23 August 1996, the national languages of Mali are: (...) |lang=fr |archive-date=3 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803235822/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}} {{plainlist| * [[Bambara language|Bambara]] * [[Bobo language|Bobo]] * [[Hassaniya Arabic]] * [[Bozo language|Bozo]] * [[Escarpment Dogon|Dogon, Toro So]] * [[Fula language|Fula]] * [[Kassonke language|Kassonke]] * [[Maninka language|Maninke]] * [[Minyanka language|Minyanka]] * [[Senara language|Senufo, Senara]] * [[Koyraboro Senni|Songhay, Koyraboro Senni]] * [[Soninke language|Soninke]] * [[Tamasheq language|Tamasheq]] }} | languages_type = [[Working language]] | languages = {{unbulleted list|[[French language|French]] (de facto)<ref name="French">{{cite web |url=https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |title=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION |date=22 July 2023 |website=sgg-mali.ml |access-date=26 July 2023 |quote=Article 31 : Le français est la langue de travail. L’Etat peut adopter toute autre langue comme langue de travail. |trans-quote=Article 31: French is the working language. The State may adopt any other language as its working language. |lang=fr |archive-date=8 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}} | demonym = [[Demographics of Mali|Malian]] | area_km2 = 1,240,192 | area_rank = 23rd | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 33.3% [[Bambara people|Bambara]] | 13.3% [[Fula people|Fula]] | 9.6% [[Soninke people|Soninke]] | 9.6% [[Senufo people|Senufo]] / [[Bwa people|Bwa]] | 8.8% [[Mandinka people|Malinke]] | 8.7% [[Dogon people|Dogon]] | 5.9% [[Songhai people|Songhai]] | 3.5% [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] | 2.1% [[Bobo people|Bobo]] | 4.5% [[Demographics of Mali#Ethnic groups|other]]<ref name="CIA-2021-Mali">{{cite web |author=Central Intelligence Agency |author-link=CIA |title=Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ |website=CIA.gov |access-date=12 January 2010 |date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=30 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ |url-status=live }}</ref> }} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential republic]] under a [[military junta]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Booty |first1=Natasha |last2=Pivac |first2=Mark |title=Assimi Goïta: President gets sweeping powers in new Mali constitution |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66282417 |access-date=4 August 2023 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=23 July 2023 |archive-date=2 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802043804/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66282417 |url-status=live }}</ref> | leader_name1 = [[Assimi Goïta]] (interim) | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Mali|President]] | leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Mali|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Abdoulaye Maïga (officer)|Abdoulaye Maïga]] (interim) | legislature = [[National Assembly (Mali)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of Mali|Formation]] | established_event1 = [[Gao Empire]] | established_date1 = c. 7th century | established_event2 = [[Mali Empire]] | established_date2 = c. 1235 | established_event3 = [[Songhai Empire]] | established_date3 = c. 1430s | established_event4 = Establishment of the [[French Sudan|Sudanese Republic]] | established_date4 = 24 November 1958 | established_event5 = Merger with [[Senegal]] to create the [[Mali Federation]] | established_date5 = 4 April 1959 | established_event6 = Independence from France | established_date6 = 20 June 1960 | established_event7 = Dissolution of the Mali Federation | established_date7 = 20 August 1960 | established_event8 = Declaration of the Republic of Mali | established_date8 = 22 September 1960 | area_footnote = <ref name="bbc_com">{{cite web |title=Mali country profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 |website=BBC News |access-date=17 October 2023 |date=19 October 2023 |archive-date=11 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911075500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 |url-status=live }}</ref> | area_sq_mi = 478,839 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]].--> | percent_water = 1.6 | population_estimate = 21,990,607<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Mali|access-date=22 June 2023|year=2023}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2024 | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $61.625 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.ML">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=678,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Mali) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=17 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017204907/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=678,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | HDI = 0.410 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | population_density_km2 = 11.7 | population_density_sq_mi = 30.3 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]].--> | population_density_rank = 215th | GDP_PPP_rank = 115th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,639<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 174th | GDP_nominal_rank = 123rd | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $21.309 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $912<ref name="IMFWEO.ML" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 175th | Gini = 33.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2010 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=[[World Bank]] |access-date=2 March 2011 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208203439/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2024 |title=HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2023-24 |url=http://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf |website=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |pages=274–277 |language=en |access-date=3 May 2024 |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501075007/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | HDI_rank = 188th | currency = [[West African CFA franc]] | currency_code = XOF | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = {{sp}} | drives_on = right<ref>[http://www.brianlucas.ca/roadside/ Which side of the road do they drive on?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414073422/http://brianlucas.ca/roadside/ |date=14 April 2012 }} Brian Lucas. August 2005. Retrieved 28 January 2009.</ref> | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | calling_code = [[+223]] | cctld = [[.ml]] | religion_year = 2021 }} Lefatshe la Mali<ref name=":0">/ˈmɑːli/ ^ⓘ; Bambara pronunciation: [<nowiki/>[[:en:Help:IPA|<nowiki>ma.li]</nowiki>]] [[:en:N'Ko_script|N'Ko script]]: ߡߊߟߌ [[:en:Fula_language|Fula]]: 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 [[:en:Arabic_language|Arabic]]: </ref>,le le tlhomamisitsweng ka semmuso go nna Republic of Mali<ref name=":1">[[:en:Bambara_language|Bambara]]: ''Mali ka Fasojamana'', [[:en:N'Ko_script|N'Ko script]]: ߡߊߟߌ ߞߊ ߝߊߛߏߖߊߡߊߣߊ [[:en:Fula_language|Fula]]: 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, <small>omanized:</small> ''Renndaandi Maali'' [[:en:Arabic_language|Arabic]]: جمهورية مالي, <small>[[:en:Romanization_of_Arabic|romanized]]:</small> ''Jumhūriyyāt Mālī''</ref>, ke [[lefatshe le le se nang lewatle]] mo [[Aforika Bophirima]]. [[Ke lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,|Ke]] [[Ke lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,|lefatshe la borobabedi ka bogolo mo Aforika,]] ka bogolo jwa dikilometara tse di fetang 1,240,192 (478,841 sq mi).<ref name=":2">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 Mali country profile]". ''BBC News''. 19 October 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230911075500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 Archived] from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.</ref>Ke lefatshe le le dikologilwe ke [[Algeria]] kwa bokone, [[Niger]] kwa botlhaba, [[Mauritania]] kwa bokonebophirima, [[Burkina Faso]] le [[Ivory Coast]] kwa borwa, le [[Guinea]] le [[Senegal]] kwa bophirima. Palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ka nna 23,290,000<ref name=":3">[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022"]. [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,]] Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref> <ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100]" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved</ref>47.19% ya bone go akantswe gore ba tla bo ba le ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano 15 ka 2024. [[Toropokgolo]] ya yone le toropo e kgolo ke [[Bamako]]. Ke lefatshe le le nang le dipuo di le lesome le boraro 13 tsa semolao, mme [[Bambara]] ke yone e e buiwang thata. [[Melelwane]] e e kwa bokone ya lefatshe le e e ikemetseng ka nosi e fitlha kwa tengteng ga [[Sekaka sa Sahara]]. Karolo e e kwa borwa jwa lefatshe ,mo bontsi jwa baagi ba lone ba nnang kwa go sone, le le mo [[sekgweng sa Sudan]] mme se na le dinoka tsa [[Niger]] le [[Senegal]] tse di elelang mo go sone. itsholelo ya lefatshe e ikaegile ka temothuo le meepo ka metswedi ya lone ya tlholego e e tlhagelelang go akaretsa [[gouta]] (e e leng yone e e tlhagisang go gaisa mo Aforika)<ref name=":0" /> le [[letswai]]. <ref name=":1" /> Mali e ne e le karolo ya mebuso e meraro e e maatla e bile e humile ya [[Aforika Bophirima]] e e neng e laola [[kgwebo]] ya [[kwa moseja ga Sahara]]: [[Mmusomogolo wa Ghana]] (o [[Ghana]] e neng ya reelelwa leina la one), [[Mmusomogolo wa Mali]] (o Mali e reeletsweng leina la one), le [[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]]. Ka ngwaga wa 1300, Mmusomogolo wa Mali e ne e le lefatshe le le humileng go gaisa mo Aforika<ref name=":2" /> le mmusimogolo wa lone wa lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga [[Mansa Musa]] yo go dumelwang gore e ne e le mongwe wa batho ba ba humileng go gaisa mo ditsong.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">[https://www.theweek.co.uk/news/people/954992/who-is-the-richest-person-of-all-time Who is the richest person of all time?]". ''The Week UK''. December 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220316215840/https://www.theweek.co.uk/news/people/954992/who-is-the-richest-person-of-all-time Archived] from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.</ref>[ Kwa ntle ga go nna lefelo la kgwebisano le meepo, Mali ya bogare e ne e le lefelo la [[tumelo ya Islam]], setso le kitso, ka [[Timbuktu]] e nna lefelo le le itsegeng la thuto ka [[madikolo]] ya yone, nngwe ya tsa bogologolo mo lefatsheng mme e santse e dira.[[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]] o ne wa gapa mmusomogolo oo ka ngwaga wa 1468, o o neng wa latelwa ke sesole sa [[Saadian]] se se neng [[sa fenya Songhai ka 1591]]. Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe 19, ka nako ya [[go lwela Aforika]], France e ne ya gapa taolo ya lefatshe la Mali, ya e dira karolo ya [[French Sudan]]; jaaka Republic of Sudan, go ne ga tlhamiwa [[kopano e khutshwane le Senegal]], go fitlhelela boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1960. Morago ga go ikgogela morago ga lefatshe la Senegal, Republic of Mali e ne ya tlhomiwa. Morago ga lobaka lo loleele lwa puso ya lekoko le le lengwe fela, go ne ga nna le phetogo ya puso ka ngwaga wa 1991 e e neng ya dira gore go tlhamiwe molao motheo o mosha le go tlhomiwa ga puso ya batho ka batho ya makoko a mantsi kwa lefatsheng la Mali. Ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong ka 2012, [[go ne ga tsoga ntwa kwa bokone jwa Mali]], e mo go yone [[ditsuolodi tsa Ba-Tuareg]] di neng tsa laola kgaolo e e kwa bokone, mme ka Moranang [[ba ne ba bolela]] gore lefatshe le le ntšha la [[Azawad]]<ref name=":6">[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/07/world/africa/mali-rebels-proclaim-independent-state-in-north.html?_r=1&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1333728086-ZXpwSz3KFqUnA4lteq4j4w Polgreen, Lydia and Cowell, Alan (6 April 2012) "Mali Rebels Proclaim Independent State in North]" Archived 28 July 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], ''The New York Times''</ref> le kgaogane le bone. Kgotlhang e ne ya rarabololwa ke [[go menola puso ga sesole]] ka Mopitlwe 2012 <ref name=":7">[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html UN Security Council condemns Mali coup] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201128100600/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html Archived] 28 November 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Telegraph (23 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref>mme morago ga moo go ne ga nna le ntwa magareng ga Ba-Tuareg le makoko a mangwe a ditsoulodi. Go tsibogela diphitlhelelo tsa kgaolo, sesole sa France se ne sa simolola [[Operation Serval]] ka Hirikgong 2013.<ref name=":8">[http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2013/01/12/la-france-demande-une-acceleration-de-la-mise-en-place-de-la-force-internationale-au-mali_1816033_3212.html "Mali – la France a mené une série de raids contre les islamistes]". ''Le Monde''. 12 January 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171020023450/http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2013/01/12/la-france-demande-une-acceleration-de-la-mise-en-place-de-la-force-internationale-au-mali_1816033_3212.html Archived] from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2013.</ref> Kgwedi morago ga moo, masole a Malian le a France a ne a gapa karolo e kgolo ya bokone, le fa gone ntwa e ne ya tswelela. [[Ditlhopho tsa botautona]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka di 28 Phukwi 2013, mme go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa bobedi ka di 11 Phatwe, mme [[ditlhopho tsa kgotlapeomolao]] di ne tsa tshwarwa ka di 24 Ngwanatsele le 15 Sedimonthole 2013. Mo tshimologong ya dingwaga tsa ngwaga wa 2020, Mali e ne ya tlhaselwa gabedi ke masole a ga [[Assimi Goïta]]. == Thuto ya mafoko == Leina la Mali le tserwe mo leineng la Mmusomogolo wa Mali. Le raya "lefelo le kgosi e nnang mo go lone"<ref name=":9">Wolny, Philip (15 December 2013). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=u5HnAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 Discovering the Empire of Mali]''. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 7. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9781477718896|9781477718896]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416180418/https://books.google.com/books?id=u5HnAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 Archived] from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</ref>mme le kaya nonofo.<ref name=":10">Sasnett, Martena Tenney; Sepmeyer, Inez Hopkins (1 January 1967). ''[[iarchive:educationalsyste0000sasn|Educational Systems of Africa: Interpretations for Use in the Evaluation of Academic Credentials]]''. University of California Press. pp[[iarchive:educationalsyste0000sasn/page/673|. 673.]]</ref> Motsamai wa Mo-Maghreb wa lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga ebong Ibn Battuta o ne a bega gore motsemogolo wa mmusomogolo ono o ne o bidiwa Mali.<ref name=":11">Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (25 April 2008). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=zf6xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 Historical Dictionary of Mali]''. Scarecrow Press. p. 231. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780810864023|9780810864023]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210827043448/https://books.google.com/books?id=zf6xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 Archived] from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020</ref><ref name=":12">[[:en:Djibril_Tamsir_Niane|Niane, Djibril]] (1965). ''Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali''</ref> Ngwao nngwe ya [[Ba-Mandinka]] e bolela gore mmusimogolo wa ntlha yo go buiwang ka ene e bong [[Sundiata Keita]] o ne a iphetola motlhaba-noka fa a sena go swela mo [[Nokeng ya Sankarani]] le gore go ne go ka kgonega gore go bonwe metsana mo lefelong la noka eno e e bidiwang "Mali wa bogologolo". Patlisiso ya seane sa kwa Mali e lemogile gore kwa Mali wa bogologolo, go na le motse o o bidiwang Malikoma, o o rayang "Mali o Mosha", le gore Mali e ka tswa e kile ya bo e le leina la toropo. <ref name=":13">Aku Adjandeh, Evelyn (July 2014). [http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf "A STUDY OF PROVERBS IN THINGS FALL APART AND SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI (SUNDIATA])" (PDF). University of Ghana, Legon – Institute of African Studies. p. 100. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170320054429/http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017</ref> Kgopolo e nngwe e kaya gore Mali ke tsela ya [[Ba-Fulani]] ya go bitsa leina la [[Ba-Mande]].<ref name=":15">Graft-Johnson, John Coleman De (1 January 1986)[https://books.google.com/books?id=LY5Lmc-To7cC&pg=PA92 . ''African Glory: The Story of Vanished Negro Civilizations'']. Black Classic Press. p. 92. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780933121034|9780933121034]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210416180445/https://books.google.com/books?id=LY5Lmc-To7cC&pg=PA92 Archived] from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</ref><ref name=":16">Fyle, C. Magbaily (1999). ''[[iarchive:introductiontohi0001fyle|Introduction to the History of African Civilization: Precolonial Africa]]''. University Press of America. pp. [[iarchive:introductiontohi0001fyle/page/11|11.]] [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780761814566|9780761814566]]</bdi>.</ref>Go akantshiwa gore modumo o o fetogileng o tlhodile phetogo e, ka gore mo puong ya Fulani karolo ya alveolar /nd/ e fetogela go /l/ mme segalo sa konokono sa segalo se a nyelela se bo se tlhatloga, se dira gore "Manden" e fetoge go nna /mali/.<ref name=":17">Aku Adjandeh, Evelyn (July 2014). "A [http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf STUDY OF PROVERBS IN THINGS FALL APART AND SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI (SUNDIATA)"] (PDF). University of Ghana, Legon – Institute of African Studies. p. 100. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170320054429/http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/8845/1/A%20Study%20of%20Proverbs%20in%20Things%20Fall%20Apart%20and%20Sundiata%3B%20An%20Epic%20of%20Old%20Mali%20(Sundiata)%20-%202014.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2017</ref> == Ditso == '''Pele ga go nna kolone''' [[Setshwantsho:MALI empire map.PNG|thumb|The extent of the [[:en:Mali_Empire|Mali Empire's]] peak]] [[Setshwantsho:Timbuktu-manuscripts-astronomy-mathematics.jpg|thumb|The pages above are from [[:en:Timbuktu_Manuscripts|Timbuktu Manuscripts]] written in Sudani script (a form of [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]) from the [[:en:Mali_Empire|Mali Empire]] showing established knowledge of astronomy and mathematics. Today there are close to a million of these manuscripts found in [[:en:Timbuktu|Timbuktu]] alone.]] Botaki jwa maje a [[Sahara]] bo bontsha gore batho ba ne ba nna kwa bokone jwa Mali go tloga ka 10.000 B.C., fa Sahara e ne e le naga e e nonneng e bile e na le diphologolo tse dintsi tsa naga. Ditswaiso tsa bogologolo tsa letsopa di fitlhetswe kwa lefelong la Ounjougou kwa bogareng jwa Mali le le agilweng ka dingwaga tse di ka nnang 9 400 pele ga ga Keresete, mme go dumelwa gore ke sekai sa go itlhamelwa ga letsopa mo kgaolong eo.<ref name=":18">Eric Huysecom, M. Rasse, L. Lespez, K. Neumann, A. Fahmy, A. Ballouche, S. Ozainne, M. Maggetti, Ch. Tribolo, S. Sorian: The emergence of pottery in Africa during the tenth millennium cal BC: new evidence from Ounjougou (Mali), in: Antiquity (2009), p. 906.</ref>Temothuo e ne ya simololwa ka 5000 BC mme tshipi e ne ya dirisiwa ka 500 BC. Mo ngwagakgolong wa ntlha pele ga Keresete, metse le ditoropo tsa bogologolo di ne tsa tlhamiwa ke batho ba Mande ba ba amanang le [[batho ba Soninke]], go bapa le noka ya Niger e e fa gare mo bogareng jwa Mali, go akaretsa [[Dia]] e e simolotseng go tloga ka 900 pele ga Keresete, <ref name=":19">Arazi, Noemie. "[http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444342/1/U591645.pdf Tracing History in Dia, in the Inland Niger Delta of Mali -Archaeology, Oral Traditions and Written Sources]" (PDF). ''University College London''. Institute of Archaeology. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220213144217/http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1444342/1/U591645.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2021</ref>mme ya fitlha kwa setlhoeng sa yone go tloga ka 600 pele ga Keresete,le [[Djenne-Djenno]], e e tsereng sebaka go tloga ka 300 pele ga Keresete go fitlha ka 900 morago ga Keresete.Mo lekgolong la borataro la dingwaga AD, kgwebo e e neng e dira madi a mantsi ya go rekisa gauta, letswai le makgoba e ne ya simologa, e leng se se neng sa dira gore go nne le mebuso e megolo ya Aforika Bophirima. Go na le ditemana di le mmalwa tse di buang ka Mali mo dibukeng tsa bogologolo tsa tumelo ya Islam. Gareng ga tsona go na le ditshupiso tsa "Pene" le "Malal" mo tirong ya [[al-Bakri]] ka 1068,<ref name=":20">al-Bakri in Nehemiah Levtzion and J. F. Pl Hopkins, eds and trans., ''Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History'' (New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1981, reprint edn Princeton, New Jersey,: Marcus Wiener, 2000), pp. 82–83</ref> kgang ya go sokologa ga mmusi wa bogologolo, yo o neng a itsiwe ke [[Ibn Khaldun]] (ka 1397) jaaka Barmandana, <ref name=":21">ibn Khaldun in Levtzion and Hopkins, eds, and transl. ''Corpus'', p. 333.</ref>le dintlha di le mmalwa tsa thutafatshe mo tirong ya [[al-Idrisi]].<ref>al-Idrisi in Levtzion and Hopkins, eds. and transl, ''Corpus'', p. 108.</ref> Mali e kile ya bo e le karolo ya mebuso e meraro e e tumileng ya [[Aforika Bophirima e e neng e laola kgwebo]] ya gauta, letswai, dilwana tse dingwe tse di tlhwatlhwakgolo le [[makgoba]], segolobogolo ka nako ya puso ya ga [[Mansa Musa]] go tloga ka c. 1312 -  c. 1337.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1</ref>[ [[Dikgosi tse tsa Sahelian]] di ne di sena melelwane e e thata ya sepolotiki kgotsa ditso tse di thata. <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1</ref>[<nowiki/>[[Puso ya Ghana,]] e ne e laolwa ke [[Soninke]], batho ba ba buang [[SeMande]].<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali&wvprov=sticky-header#Prof Mali country profile], p. 1.</ref> Mmusomogolo o ne wa atologa go ralala Aforika Bophirima go tloga ka ngwagakgolo wa boroba bobedi go fitlha ka 1078, fa o ne o fenngwa ke [[Ba-Almoravids]].<ref>[[Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:GriotsSambala.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Griot|Griots]] of [[:en:Sambala|Sambala]], king of Médina ([[:en:Fula_people|Fula people]], Mali), 1890. Photo by [[:en:Joannès_Barbier|Joannès Barbier]].]] [[Setshwantsho:TombouctouPachalik 4.png|thumb|Map of the [[:en:Pashalik_of_Timbuktu|Pashalik of Timbuktu]] (yellow-striped) as part of the [[:en:Saadi_dynasty|Saadi dynasty of Morocco]] (outlined black) within the [[:en:Songhai_Empire|Songhai Empire]] (outlined red), {{Circa|1591}}]] [[Ntwa ya kwa Kirina]] ka ngwaga wa 1235, e ne ya felela ka phenyo ya [[Ba-Mandinka]] ba ba neng ba eteletswe pele ke kgosana e e neng e le kwa botshwarwa e bong [[Sundiata Keita]], e e neng ya dira gore [[Mmusomogolo wa Sosso]] o phutlhame. [[Mmusomogolo wa Mali]] o ne wa tlhamiwa kwa godimo ga [[Noka ya Niger]], mme wa fitlha kwa setlhoeng sa maatla a one ka lekgolo la bo lesome le bone 14 la dingwaga. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Ka fa tlase ga Mmusomogolo wa Mali, ditoropo tsa bogologolo tsa [[Djenné]] le [[Timbuktu]] e ne e le ditikwatikwe tsa kgwebo le thuto ya tumeIo ya Islam.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Mmusomogolo ono o ne wa wa moragonyana ka ntlha ya maano a a neng a le teng mo teng ga one, mme kgabagare o ne wa tseelwa sebaka ke [[Mmusomogolo wa Songhai]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Songhai e ne e le maatla a magolo kwa Afrika Bophirima a a neng a laolwa ke Mmusomogolo wa Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le bone 14, Ba-Songhai ba ne ba bona boipuso jwa bone go tswa mo Pusong ya Mali mme ba atologa, mme kgabagare ba nna karolo ya karolo yotlhe ya botlhaba ya mmusomogolo wa Mali .<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Go phutlhama ga Mmusomogolo wa Songhai e ne e le ka ntlha ya [[tlhaselo ya Ma-Morocco]] ka 1591 ka fa tlase ga taolo ya [[Judar Pasha]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Go wa ga Mmusomogolo wa Songhai go ne ga supa go fela ga seabe sa kgaolo eno jaaka lefelo la kgwebo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page</ref> Morago ga [[Go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya Europe|go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya]] [[Go tlhamiwa ga ditsela tsa lewatle ke mebuso ya Europe|Europe]], ditsela tsa kgwebo tsa trans-Sahara di ne tsa latlhegelwa ke botlhokwa. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2. This reference is used 14 times on this page.</ref>Ka nako eo, khumo e ntsi ya Mmusomogolo wa Mali e ne ya oketsa dithoto tsa yone tsa kgwebo tsa [[letswai]] le [[gauta.]] Lengwe la [[mauba]] a a maswe go gaisa otlhe a a kileng a nna teng mo eo le diragetse ka lekgolo la bo lesome le le boferabobedi 18 la dingwaga. Go ya ka [[John Iliffe]], "Matlhotlhapelo a a maswe go gaisa e ne e le ka dingwaga tsa bo 1680, fa leuba le ne le anama go tswa kwa lotshitshing lwa Senegambian go ya kwa Upper Nile mme 'bontsi ba ne ba ithekisa go nna makgoba, fela go bona dijo,' mme segolo thata ka 1738 - 1756, fa bothata jo bogolo jo bo begilweng jwa go tshela jwa Aforika Bophirima, ka ntlha ya komelelo le tsie, go begwa gore bo bolaile sephatlho sa baagi ba [[Timbuktu]].<ref>[[:en:John_Iliffe_(historian)|John Iliffe]] (2007) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=bNGN2URP_rUC Africans: the history of a continent]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20150906225011/https://books.google.com/books?id=bNGN2URP_rUC&pg=&dq&hl=en Archived] 6 September 2015 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Cambridge University Press. p. 69. ISBN 0-521-68297-5</ref> == '''Puso ya Bokolone ya mmuso wa France''' == [[Setshwantsho:Africa. French West Africa. Currently the most important efforts of the Office du Niger are directed toward the... - NARA - 541637.jpg|thumb|Cotton being processed in [[:en:Niono|Niono]] into {{convert|400|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip}} bales for export to other parts of Africa and to France, c. 1950]] Mali e ne ya wela ka fa tlase ga taolo ya mmuso wa France ka nako ya [[go lwela Aforika]] kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwagakgolo wa bo lesome le boferabongwe 19. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Ka 1905, bontsi jwa kgaolo e ne e le ka fa tlase ga taolo ya France jaaka karolo ya [[French Sudan]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile.]] Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele 1915, go ne ga tsoga khuduego e [[kgolo e e kgatlhanong le France]] mo merafeng e e mo dikgaolong tsa gompieno tsa Mali le Burkina Faso. <ref>[http://www.cairn.info/revue-autrepart-2003-2-page-35.htm#no3 La guerre coloniale du Bani-Volta, 1915-1916 (Burkina Faso, Mali)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171029121219/http://www.cairn.info/revue-autrepart-2003-2-page-35.htm#no3 Archived] 29 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback]] Machine, Autrepart, 2003</ref>Kganetso ya bofelo e ne ya gatelelwa fela ka kgwedi ya Lwetse1916. Ka nako ya fa go ne go gateletswe, metse e e fetang lekgolong 100 e ne ya senngwa ke masole a bokolone a France.<ref>''14-18 Étions-nous bien défendus ?'', Jean-Claude Flament, Société des écrivains, 2014</ref> Ka di 24 Ngwanaitsele 1958, Sudan ya France (e e neng ya fetola leina la yona go nna Republic of Sudan) e ne ya nna republic e e ipusang mo teng ga [[Setšhaba sa France]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Independent Mali]". Britannica. 1946. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201119042637/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Archived] from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2021.</ref>Ka Hirikgong 1959, Mali le [[Senegal]] di ne tsa kopana go nna [[Mokgatlho wa Mali]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Independent Mali]". Britannica. 1946. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201119042637/https://www.britannica.com/place/Mali/Independent-Mali Archived] from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2021.</ref> == '''Boipuso''' == Mokgatlho wa Mali o ne wa bona boipuso go tswa mo lefatsheng la France ka di 20 Seetebosigo 1960.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Senegal e ne ya ikgogela morago mo kopanong ka Phatwe 1960, e e neng ya letla Republic of Sudan go nna Republic e e ikemetseng ya Mali ka di 22 Lwetse 1960, mme letsatsi leo jaanong ke [[Letsatsi la Boipuso]] jwa lefatshe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180920234345/http://maliembassy.us/index.php/2012-02-27-16-59-35/public-holidays Public Holidays]". ''Embassy of the Republic of Mali to the United States''. Archived from [http://maliembassy.us/index.php/2012-02-27-16-59-35/public-holidays the original] on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018</ref> [[Modibo Keïta]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa ntlha. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]]. Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>O ne a tlhoma puso ya lekoko le le lengwe ka bonako, a tsaya tsela e e ikemetseng ya Aforika le ya bojammogo e e nang le dikamano tse di gaufi le Botlhaba, mme a tsenya mo tirisong bosetšhaba jo bo tseneletseng jwa metswedi ya itsholelo. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile.]] Mali was later responsible for the collapse of Islamic Slave Army from the North. The defeat of Tukuror Slave Army, was repeated by Mali against the France and Spanish Expeditionary Army in the 1800s ("Blanc et memoires"). p. 2.</ref>Ka 1960, palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ne e begwa e le di dikadike di le 4.1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130530011412/http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/897ce24a48d43c82802565f700407640 Core document forming part of the reports of states parties: Mali.] United Nations Human Rights Website.</ref>Ka di 19 Ngwanatsele 1968, morago ga go wela tlase ga itsholelo, puso ya ga Keïta e ne ya thankgolwa ka ntwa ya sesole e e neng e eteletswe pele ke [[Moussa Traoré]],<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>letsatsi le jaanong le ketekwang jaaka [[letsatsi la kgololesego]].<ref>"[http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/mali-liberation/ Liberation Day Commemorated in Mali]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042457/http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/mali-liberation/ Archived] from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.</ref> == '''Puso ya ga Moussa Traoré''' == [[Setshwantsho:Place de la liberté - Bamako.jpg|thumb|WWI Commemorative Monument to the "Armée Noire"]] Puso e e neng ya latela e e neng e eteletswe pele ke masole, e Traoré e neng e le tautona wa yone, e ne ya leka go fetola itsholelo. Maiteko a gagwe a ne a kgorelediwa ke tlhakatlhakano ya sepolotiki le [[komelelo]] e e senyang go tloga ka 1968 go fitlha ka 1974, <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>e mo go yone leuba le bolaileng diketekete tsa batho.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4132326.stm Mali's nomads face famine] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210224054313/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4132326.stm Archived] 24 February 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". BBC News. 9 August 2005</ref>Puso ya ga Traoré e ne ya lebana le dikhuduego tsa baithuti tse di simolotseng kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970 le maiteko a mararo a go menola puso. Puso ya ga Traoré e ne ya gatelela batho botlhe ba ba neng ba sa dumalane le puso go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 3</ref> Kganetso kgatlhanong le puso e e neng e le ya bonweenwee le ya bokgokgontshi ya Mojenerale Moussa Traoré e ne ya gola ka dingwaga tsa bo1980. Ka nako eno dithulaganyo tse di gagametseng, tse di neng di diretswe go kgotsofatsa dikopo tsa Letlole la Madi la Boditšhabatšhaba, di ne tsa lere mathata a a oketsegileng mo baaging ba lefatshe leo, fa batho ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba ba neng ba le gaufi le puso ba ne ba tshela ka dikhumo tse di neng di oketsega. Puso e ne ya tswelela go leka go dira diphetogo tsa itsholelo ,mme batho ba ne ba sa kgotsofala ka gope. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Go tsibogela ditlhokego tse di golang tsa mmuso wa batho ka batho wa makoko a mantsi, puso ya ga Traoré e letleletse kgololesego e e lekanyeditsweng ya sepolotiki kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo1980, fela e ne ya gana go tsenya tirisong tsamaiso ya mmuso wa batho ka batho o o tletseng. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref> Ka 1990, mekgatlho ya kganetso e e kopaneng e ne ya simolola go tlhagelela, mme e ne ya tlhakatlhakanngwa ke go tlhatloga ga tirisodikgoka ya semorafe kwa bokone morago ga go boa ga [[Ba-Tuareg]] ba le bantsi ba ba neng ba fudugetse kwa [[Algeria]] le [[Libya]] ka nako ya komelelo. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Ditshupetso tsa kagiso tsa baithuti ka Hirikgong 1991 di ne tsa thibelwa setlhogo, ka go tshwarwa ga bontsi le go tlhokofadiwa ga baeteledipele le batsayakarolo. <ref>Mali March 1991 Revolution</ref>Go ne ga latela ditiro tse di neng di tletse tsa dikhuduego le go senngwa ga dikago tsa setšhaba, mme bontsi jwa ditiro tse di neng di dirwa ke ba ba neng ba ganetsa di ne di sa dirwe ka dikgoka.<ref>Mali March 1991 Revolution</ref> Go tloga ka 22 Mopitlo go fitlha ka di 26 Mopitlo 1991, go ne ga tshwarwa dikokoano tse dikgolo tse di neng di buelela puso ya batho ka batho le ditshupegetso tsa setšhaba tsotlhe mo ditoropong le kwa magaeng, tse di neng tsa itsege jaaka les évenements ("ditiragalo") kgotsa Phetogo ya Mopitlo. Kwa Bamako, go arabela ditshupegetso tse dikgolo tse di neng di rulagantswe ke baithuti ba mmadikolo mme moragonyana di ne tsa kopanngwa ke ba mokgatlho wa badiri le ba bangwe, masole a ne a thuntsha batho ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso tse di se nang thubakanyo. Go ne ga nna le dikhuduego ka bonako fela morago ga go thuntshiwa. Go ne ga agiwa ditshipi le go thibelwa ditsela mme Traoré o ne a bolela gore maemo a tshoganyetso a ne a le teng mme a tlhoma molao wa gore go se ka ga tsamaiwa bosigo. Le fa go ne go fopholediwa gore go sule batho ba le 300 mo malatsing a le mane, batho ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso ba ne ba tswelela go boela kwa Bamako letsatsi le letsatsi ba batla gore tautona wa puso ya bobusaesi a tlogele tiro le gore go tsenngwe melao ya puso ya batho ka batho mo tirisong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110616222251/http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 Nesbitt, Katherine. "Mali's March Revolution (1991])". International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. Archived from [http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 the original] on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref> Mopitlo a le masome a mabedi le borataro 26,ka ngwaga wa 1991 ke letsatsi le le tshwayang kgotlhang e e neng ya nna teng fa gare ga masole le baithuti ba ba neng ba dira ditshupegetso ka kagiso e e neng ya felela ka gore go bolawe batho ba le bantsi ka fa tlase ga ditaelo tsa ga Traoré. Moragonyana ene le ditsala tsa gagwe tse tharo ba ne ba sekisiwa mme ba bonwa molato mme ba atlholelwa loso ka ntlha ya seabe sa bone mo go direng ditshwetso mo letsatsing leo. Gompieno, letsatsi le ke letsatsi la boikhutso la bosetšhaba go gopola ditiragalo tse di botlhoko le batho ba ba bolailweng.<ref>Bussa, Edward (26 March 2009). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120324235624/http://www.threadster.com/2009/03/mali-march-to-democracy/ Mali's March to Democracy]". ''Threadster.com''. Archived from [http://www.threadster.com/2009/03/mali-march-to-democracy/ the original] on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref><ref>Mohsin, Haroon (18 August 2022). "[https://nationaltoday.com/martyrs-day-in-mali/ Martyr's Day in Mali]". ''National Today''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231017204906/https://nationaltoday.com/martyrs-day-in-mali/ Archived] from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.</ref>Sesole sa ditlhakana tlhogo se se gakologelwa jaaka [[Phetogo ya Mopitlo ya ngwaga wa 1991]] ya kwa Mali.<ref>Turrittin, Jane (1991). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 Mali: People Topple Traoré]". ''Review of African Political Economy''. '''18''' (52): 97–103. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03056249108703927|10.1080/03056249108703927.]] [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0305-6244 0305-6244]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 4005962]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230209170251/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4005962 Archived] from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023</ref> Ka di 26 Mopitlo, masole a ne a gana go thuntsha bontsi jwa batho ba ba neng ba le mo boipelaetsong, mme seno se ne sa felela ka dikhuduego tse di neng tsa felela ka gore diketekete tsa masole di tlogele dibetsa tsa tsone mme di ikgolaganye le mokgatlho o o neng o buelela mmuso wa batho ka batho. Mo thapameng eo, [[Lt. Col. Amadou Toumani Touré]] o ne a itsise ka radio gore o tshwere tautona wa mmusaesi, Moussa Traoré. == '''Puso ya Batho ka Batho ya makoko a mantsi''' == Mekgatlho ya kganetso e ne ya letlelelwa ka semolao, puso ya nakwana e ne ya tlhomiwa mme kopano ya bosetšhaba ya ditlhopha tsa selegae le tsa sepolotiki e ne ya kopana go kwala [[molaomotheo o montšhwa wa puso ya batho ka batho]] o o neng o tshwanetse go dumelelwa ke tumalano ya bosetšhaba.<ref>Nesbitt, Katherine. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110616222251/http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 Mali's March Revolution (1991)]". International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. Archived from [http://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/index.php/movements-and-campaigns/movements-and-campaigns-summaries?sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=34&sobi2Id=10 the original] on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2012</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 3</ref>Ka 1992, [[Alpha Oumar Konaré]] o ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa mmuso wa batho ka batho, tsa makoko a mantsi tsa botautona, pele a tlhophiwa gape go tsaya maemo a bobedi ka 1997, e e neng e le ya bofelo go dumelelwa ka fa tlase ga molaomotheo. [[Amadou Toumani Touré]], mo general yo o tlogetseng tiro yo e neng e le moeteledipele wa letlhakore la sesole la tsogologo ya puso ya batho ka batho ya ngwaga wa 1991, o ne a tlhophiwa ka ngwaga wa 2002. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 4</ref>Ka nako ya puso ya batho ka batho, Mali e ne e tsewa jaaka nngwe ya mafatshe a a tlhomameng mo dipolotiking le mo loagong mo Aforika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101111133055/http://www.usaid.gov/locations/sub-saharan_africa/countries/mali/ USAID Africa: Mali]. USAID. Retrieved 15 May 2008. Retrieved</ref> [[Bokgoba]] bo sa ntse bo le teng kwa Mali gompieno ka batho ba ba ka nnang 200 000 ba ba tshwerweng ka tlhamalalo ke beng ba bone.<ref>Tran, Mark (23 October 2012). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Mali conflict puts freedom of 'slave descendants' in peril"]. ''The Guardian''. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005100538/http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Archived] from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2012</ref> Ka nako ya Kgaratlho ya [[Ba-Tuareg ya 2012]], makgoba a maloba e ne e le setlhopha sa batho ba ba neng ba sa sireletsega mme go ne ga begwa gore makgoba mangwe a ne a thopiwa gape ke beng ba bone ba pele.<ref>York, Geoffrey (11 November 2012). [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/mali-chaos-gives-rise-to-slavery-persecution/article5186368/ "Mali chaos gives rise to slavery, persecution".] ''The Globe and Mail''. Toronto. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161129023715/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/mali-chaos-gives-rise-to-slavery-persecution/article5186368/ Archived] from the original on 29 November 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2017.</ref> == '''Dikgotlhang kwa Bokone jwa Mali''' == [[Setshwantsho:Le Mali confronté aux sanctions et à lavancée des rebelles islamistes (6904946068).jpg|thumb|Tuareg separatist rebels in Mali, January 2012]] Ka Hirikgong 2012 go ne ga simololwa [[botsuolodi jwa Ba-Tuareg]] kwa bokone jwa Mali, bo eteletswe pele ke [[Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Kgololo ya Azawad]] (MNLA). <ref>[http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Mali-clashes-force-120-000-from-homes-20120222 Mali clashes force 120 000 from homes] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171010190149/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Mali-clashes-force-120-000-from-homes-20120222 Archived] 10 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. News24 (22 February 2012). Retrieved 23 February 2012.</ref>Ka Mopitlo, modiredi wa sesole [[Amadou Sanogo]] o ne a tsaya puso ka [[go menola puso]], a bua ka go retelelwa ga ga Touré mo go thibeleng botsuolodi, mme seo sa dira gore go nne le dikiletso le thibelo ke [[Economic Community of West African States.]]<ref>Callimachi, Rukmini (3 April 2012) [https://web.archive.org/web/20120404171138/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/post-coup-mali-hit-with-sanctions-by-african-neighbours/article2390504/ "Post-coup Mali hit with sanctions by African neighbours".] ''Globe and Mail''. Retrieved </ref>MNLA e ne ya tsaya taolo ya bokone ka bonako, ya bolela boipuso jwa yona jaaka [[Azawad]].<ref>[http://www.france24.com/en/20120406-france-24-exclusive-tuareg-rebels-declare-independence-mlna-mali-ansar-dine-azawad Tuareg rebels declare independence in north Mali]". France 24. 6 April 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120408061146/http://www.france24.com/en/20120406-france-24-exclusive-tuareg-rebels-declare-independence-mlna-mali-ansar-dine-azawad Archived] from the original on 8 April 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2012</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ditlhopha tsa Islamist, go akaretsa [[Ansar Dine]] le [[Al-Qaeda mo Islamic Maghreb (AQIM]][[)]], ba ba neng ba thusitse MNLA go fenya puso, ba ne ba retologela go Tuareg mme ba tsaya taolo ya bokone<ref>Tiemoko Diallo; Adama Diarra (28 June 2012). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mali-crisis-idUSBRE85R15720120628 "Islamists declare full control of Mali's north]". ''Reuters''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200815183330/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mali-crisis/islamists-declare-full-control-of-malis-north-idUSBRE85R15720120628 Archived] from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2012.</ref> ka maikaelelo a go tsenya tirisong molao wa [[sharia]] kwa Mali.<ref>[https://archive.today/20121216092840/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h7XMRIbuZL6BjKF-U-RbRw5W30GA?docId=CNG.03a07b9823792a080c03447fb210148d.121 Mali Islamists want sharia not independence]". Agence France-Presse. 20 June 2012. Archived from [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h7XMRIbuZL6BjKF-U-RbRw5W30GA?docId=CNG.03a07b9823792a080c03447fb210148d.121 the original] on 16 December 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2012.</ref><ref>[https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali "Mali Possibilities and Challenges for Transitional Justice in Mali"]. International Center for Transitional Justice. 9 January 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160918152945/https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali Archived] from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.</ref> Ka Hirikgong 11, 2013, [[Masole a France a tsenelela|masole a]] [[Masole a France a tsenelela|France a tsenelela]] ka kopo ya puso ya nakwana ya ga tautona [[Dioncounda Traoré]]. Ka di 30 tsa Hirikgong, go ne go na le kgatelopele e e rulagantsweng ya masole a lefatshe la France le a Malian a a neng a bolela fa a kgonne go gapa gape lefelo la bofelo le le neng le setse la Islamist la Kidal, le gape e neng e le la bofelo la ditoropokgolo tsa masepala tse tharo tsa bokone. <ref>French troops retake the last remaining Islamist urban stronghold in Mali.</ref>Ka di 2 Tlhakole, tautona wa France [[François Hollande]] o ne a kopana le Dioncounda Traoré mo ponatshegong ya setshaba kwa [[Timbuktu]] e e sa tswang go thopiwa gape. [[Setshwantsho:Northern Mali conflict.svg|thumb|Map showing the fullest extent of rebel-held territory in January 2013]] Ka Phatwe 2013, [[Ibrahim Boubacar Keita]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna [[tautona yo moša wa Mali]] mo lekghethong la bobedi [[la ditlhopho]]. <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23677124 Ibrahim Boubacar Keita wins Mali presidential election]". ''BBC News''. 13 August 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120142538/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23677124 Archived] from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.</ref> == '''Ntwa ya Kwa Bogare Jwa Mali''' == Kwa kgaolong ya [[Mopti]] kwa bogare jwa Mali, kgotlhang e oketsegile fa e sale ka 2015 magareng ga merafe ya balemi jaaka [[Ba-Dogon]] le [[Ba-Bambara]], le badisa ba [[Ba-Fula]] [[(kana Ba-Fulani)]].<ref>[https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/in-depth/sahel-flames-Burkina-Faso-Mali-Niger-militancy-conflict "The Sahel in flames]". ''The New Humanitarian''. 31 May 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211113161848/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/in-depth/sahel-flames-Burkina-Faso-Mali-Niger-militancy-conflict Archived] from the original on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Go ya ka ditso, matlhakore a mabedi a ne a lwa ka go bona lefatshe le metsi, mabaka a a neng a okediwa ke [[Phetogo ya tepo ya loapi|phetogo ya]] [[Phetogo ya tepo ya loapi|tepo ya loapi]],fa Fula e fudugela kwa mafelong a masha.<ref>Blake, James (29 March 2019). "[https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/03/29/radical-islamists-have-opened-a-new-front-in-mali/ Radical Islamists Have Opened a New Front in Mali"]. ''Foreign Policy''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330032447/https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/03/29/radical-islamists-have-opened-a-new-front-in-mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Ba Dogon le Bambara ba dirile "ditlhopha tsa go itshireletsa" <ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali".] ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>go lwantsha Ba-Fula. Ba latofatsa Fula ka go dira le [[Islamists]] ba ba tshwaraganeng le [[Al-Qaeda]]. <ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali "We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Le fa bangwe ba Ba-Fula ba ile ba ikamanya le ditlhopha tsa Boiselamo, [[Human Rights Watch]] e bega gore dikgolagano tseno di ile tsa "fetelediwa le go dirisiwa ke batshameki ba ba farologaneng go fitlhelela maikaelelo a bone".<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> ''O ne a oketsa ka molaodi wa sesole wa maemo a a kwa godimo wa Mali:''<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> ''Ke buile ka thubakanyo e e golang le balaodi ba mme le dikgosana tsa metse go tswa mo matlhakoreng otlhe. Ee, go na le di-jihadist mo lefelong le, mme bothata jwa nnete ke bosenyi, bogodu jwa diphologolo, go baakanya melato  -  batho ba ikhumisa ka go dirisa ntwa kgatlhanong le dirukhutlhi jaaka sesiro.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali ""We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>'' ''Ntwa e ile ya dira gore go nne le masole a Ba-Dogon le Ba-Bambara. Mmuso wa Mali o belaelwa go tshegetsa dingwe tsa ditlhopha tseno ka fa tlase ga seipato sa go nna baemedi mo ntweng kgatlhanong le Islamists mo kgotlhang ya [[Bokone jwa Mali.]] <ref>[https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Au Mali, les liaisons dangereuses entre l'Etat et les milices]" (in French). 24 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330013608/https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Mmuso o ganetsa seno.<ref>[https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html "Au Mali, les liaisons dangereuses entre l'Etat et les milices]" (in French). 24 July 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330013608/https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/07/24/au-mali-les-liaisons-dangereuses-entre-l-etat-et-les-milices_5335256_3212.html Archived] from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Leloko le lengwe la sesole ke setlhopha sa Ba-Dogon sa [[Dan Na Ambassagou]], se se tlhamilweng ka 2016.<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali "We Used to Be Brothers" | Self-Defense Group Abuses in Central Mali"]. ''Human Rights Watch''. 7 December 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402024327/https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/12/07/we-used-be-brothers/self-defense-group-abuses-central-mali Archived] from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>'' [[Setshwantsho:Modibo Sidibe voting in Bamako, 2018 Malian presidential election.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Modibo_Sidibe|Modibo Sidibe]] voting in Bamako, 2018 Malian presidential election]] Mo [[Ditlhophong tsa botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018|ditlhophong tsa]] [[Ditlhophong tsa botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018|botautona jwa Mali tsa 2018]] tse di neng di tshwerwe ka 29 Phukwi 2018, <ref>Mumbere, Daniel (10 July 2018). "[http://www.africanews.com/2018/07/10/mali-2018-presidential-election-background-to-a-critical-election-in-an/ Everything you need to know about Mali 2018 presidential election]". ''Africanews.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180724062858/http://www.africanews.com/2018/07/10/mali-2018-presidential-election-background-to-a-critical-election-in-an/ Archived] from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180212142217/http://maliactu.net/mali-election-presidentielle-2018-le-premier-tour-aura-lieu-le-dimanche-29-juillet/ Mali: Élection présidentielle 2018 : Le premier tour aura lieu le dimanche 29 juillet".] ''maliactu.net''. 12 February 2018. Archived from [http://maliactu.net/mali-election-presidentielle-2018-le-premier-tour-aura-lieu-le-dimanche-29-juillet/ the original] on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.</ref>ga go na moemedi ope yo o amogetseng go feta 50% ya ditlhopho mo kgetlong la ntlha. Go ne ga tshwarwa ditlhopho tsa bobedi ka 12 Phatwe 2018 fa gare ga bakgethi ba babedi ba ba kwa godimo, tautona [[Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta]] wa [[Rally for Mali]] le [[Soumaïla Cissé]] wa [[Union for the Republic and Democracy,]] mme Keïta o ne a tlhophiwa gape ka 67% ya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20180816-mali-incumbent-president-ibraham-boubacar-keita-wins-election Incumbent President Keita wins re-election in Mali]". ''France 24''. 16 August 2018. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240116002945/https://www.france24.com/en/20180816-mali-incumbent-president-ibraham-boubacar-keita-wins-election Archived] from the original on 16 January 2024. Retrieved</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Lwetse 2018, [[Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue]] e ne ya buisana le Dan Na Ambassagou ka go emisa ntwa ka tsela e le nngwe "ka ntlha ya kgotlhang e e kgatlhanong le setlhopha le ditlhopha tse dingwe tsa setšhaba tse di tlhometseng kwa bogareng jwa Mali". <ref>"[https://www.hdcentre.org/updates/youssouf-toloba-and-his-dan-nan-ambassagou-armed-group-sign-a-commitment-towards-a-ceasefire-in-central-mali/ Youssouf Toloba and his Dan Nan Ambassagou armed group sign a commitment towards a ceasefire in central Mali | HD Centre]". [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329224050/https://www.hdcentre.org/updates/youssouf-toloba-and-his-dan-nan-ambassagou-armed-group-sign-a-commitment-towards-a-ceasefire-in-central-mali/ Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, setlhopha se ne sa pegwa molato wa [[Polao e kgolo ya batho ba le lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019|polao e kgolo ya batho ba le]] [[Polao e kgolo ya batho ba le lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019|lekgolo le masome a le borataro 160 ba motse wa Fula ka 24 Mopitlo 2019]].<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/united-nations-investigate-horrific-massacre-mali-190326135707656.html UN to probe 'horrific' Mali attacks as death toll jumps to 160]". Al-Jazeera. 26 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329130105/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/united-nations-investigate-horrific-massacre-mali-190326135707656.html Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2019</ref>Setlhopha se ne sa ganela tlhaselo, mme morago ga moo tautona wa Malian Keita o ne a laela setlhopha go phatlalala.<ref>[https://africanarguments.org/2019/03/26/insiders-insight-explaining-the-mali-massacre/ Insiders Insight: Explaining the Mali massacre"]. ''African Arguments''. 26 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200918134833/https://africanarguments.org/2019/03/26/insiders-insight-explaining-the-mali-massacre/ Archived] from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref> Mogakolodi yo o kgethegileng wa UN mo thibelong ya polao ya morafe, [[Adama Dieng]], o ne a tlhagisa ka go oketsega ga [[Tlhaolele ya kgotlhang|tlhaolele]] ya kgotlhang.<ref>"[https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/03/1035661 Central Mali: Top UN genocide prevention official sounds alarm over recent ethnically-targeted killings]". ''UN News''. 28 March 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190329172541/https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/03/1035661 Archived] from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019.</ref>Ka 2020, batho ba ba fetang 600,000 ba ne ba [[fudusitswe]] ke kgotlhang kwa Mali. <ref>Giannangeli, Marco (1 November 2020). "[https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1354747/british-army-mali-west-africa-troops-war-terrorism-royal-anglian-light-dragoons-al-qaeda Britain 'sleepwalking' into deadly conflict in war-torn West Africa".] express.co.uk. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201126044622/https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1354747/british-army-mali-west-africa-troops-war-terrorism-royal-anglian-light-dragoons-al-qaeda Archived] from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>Lekgotla la Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng le ne la bega gore palo ya bana ba ba bolailweng mo ntweng mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse thataro tsa 2019 e ne e menagane gabedi go feta ya ngwaga otlhe wa 2018. Bontsi jwa bana ba bolailwe mo ditlhaselong tse di dirwang ke ditlhopha tsa merafe, mme bontsi jwa ditlhaselo tseno di diragetse mo tikologong ya [[Mopti]]. Go begwa gore dikolo di ka nna 900 di tswetswe le gore masole a a tlhometseng a kwadisitse bana.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/13/sharp-rise-number-children-killed-mali Sharp rise in number of children killed in Mali's deadly attacks]". ''The Guardian''. 13 August 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190831235440/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/aug/13/sharp-rise-number-children-killed-mali Archived] from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 1 September 2019.</ref> Mo bekeng ya ntlha ya Phalane 2019, ditlhaselo tse pedi tsa jihadist mo ditoropong tsa Boulikessi le [[Mondoro]] di bolaile masole a feta masome a mabedi le botlhano 25 a Mali gaufi le molelwane le [[Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso.]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20250212174400/http://en.puic.org/news/10181 PUIC Secretary General condemns terrorist attacks in Mali"]. [[:en:Parliamentary_Union_of_the_OIC_Member_States|Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States]]. 8 October 2019. from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019</ref> Tautona Keïta o ne a bolela gore "ga go na ntwa ya sesole e e tla fenyang kwa Mali", a tswelela ka go re ga a akanye gore "e mo lenaneong la letsatsi gotlhelele mme e ka se re tshwenye". <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20200807131029/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/10/07/world/mali-president-dismisses-coup-speculation-jihadi-attacks-kill-dozens-troops-near-burkina-faso-border/#.Xa8-j5IzbIU Mali president dismisses coup speculation after jihadi attacks kill dozens of troops near Burkina Faso border]". ''[[:en:Japantimes.co.jp|Japantimes.co.jp]]''. 7 October 2019. from the original on 22 October 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2019</ref>Ka 1 Ngwanatsele 2019, [[ba-IS-GS]] ba bolaile bobotlana masole a le masome a matlhano 50 mo [[Tlhaselong ya Indelimane|tlhaselong ya Indelimane ya 2019]] kwa [[Kgaolong ya Ménaka]] ya Mali. <ref>"[https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/militants-kill-54-attack-mali-army-post-claims-responsibility-n1075721 Militants kill 54 in attack on Mali army post, ISIS claims responsibility".] ''[[:en:NBC_News|NBC News]]''. 3 November 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2019.</ref>Ka Tlhakole 2020, Human Rights Watch e ne ya kwala bosetlhogo jo bo dirilweng kgatlhanong le baagi kwa Central Mali mme ya re bobotlana go bolailwe baagi ba le makgolo a le mane le masome a matlhano le borataro 456, fa makgolokgolo a ne a gobala go tloga ka Hirikgong 2019 go fitlha ka Ngwanatsele.<ref>[https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/02/10/how-much-more-blood-must-be-spilled/atrocities-against-civilians-central-mali "How Much More Blood Must Be Spilled?"]. ''HRW''. 10 February 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531102933/https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/02/10/how-much-more-blood-must-be-spilled/atrocities-against-civilians-central-mali Archived] from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 31 May 2023.</ref> == '''2020s go menola puso le Assimi Goïta junta''' == [[Setshwantsho:Comité national pour le salut du Peuple - 2020 Malian coup d'Etat 2.jpg|thumb|Members of the [[:en:National_Committee_for_the_Salvation_of_the_People|National Committee for the Salvation of the People]], September 2020]] Dikhuduego tsa batho di simolotse ka 5 Seetebosigo 2020 morago ga go sa tsamaelane le maemo mo ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa Mopito le Moranang, go akaretsa le go galefa kgatlhanong le go tsewa ga moeteledipele wa kganetso [[Soumaïla Cissé]]. <ref>Ahmed, Baba (5 June 2020). "[https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/thousands-malis-capital-demand-president-step-71093627 Thousands in Mali's capital demand that president step down"]. ''ABC News''. Associated Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200913072323/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/thousands-malis-capital-demand-president-step-71093627 Archived] from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.</ref><ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/06/kidnapped-mali-politician-and-french-aid-worker-freed Kidnapped Mali politician and French aid worker freed]". ''the Guardian''. 6 October 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210603113914/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/06/kidnapped-mali-politician-and-french-aid-worker-freed Archived] from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021</ref>Go ne ga swa batho ba le lesome le motso 11 go ya go ba le masome a mabedi le boraro 23 morago ga ditshupegetso tse di neng tsa tshwarwa go tloga ka 10 go ya go 13 Seetebosigo. <ref>[https://www.cnews.fr/monde/2020-08-19/tout-comprendre-sur-la-situation-au-mali-990104 TOUT COMPRENDRE SUR LA SITUATION AU MALI"] &#x5B;Understanding everything about the situation in Mali&#x5D;. ''CNews'' (in French). 19 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200826193119/https://www.cnews.fr/monde/2020-08-19/tout-comprendre-sur-la-situation-au-mali-990104 Archived] from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.</ref>Ka Phukwi, Tautona Keïta o ne a fedisa kgotlatshekelo ya molao motheo. Maloko a sesole a eteletswe pele ke Colonel [[Assimi Goïta]] le Colonel-Major [[Ismaël Wagué]] kwa [[Kati]], [[Kgaolo ya Koulikoro,]] ba simolotse botsuolodi ka di 18 Phatwe 2020.<ref name=":5" /> Tautona Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta le Tonakgolo [[Boubou Cissé]] ba ne ba tshwarwa, mme ka bonako morago ga bosigogare Keïta o ne a itsise go rola tiro ga gagwe, a re ga a batle go bona tshololo ya madi.<ref name=":6" /> Wagué o ne a itsise go tlhamiwa ga [[Komiti ya Bosetšhaba ya Poloko ya Batho]] (CNSP) mme a solofetsa ditlhopho mo isagweng. Go ne ga tlhomiwa molao wa go tswa mo gae mme mebila ya Bamako e ne e didimetse. <ref name=":7" />[[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS) e ne ya kgala go menola puso mme ya kopa gore Keïta a busediwe jaaka tautona.<ref name=":8" /> Ka 12 Lwetse 2020, CNSP e ne ya dumela gore go nne le phetogo ya sepolotiki ya dikgwedi di le lesome le boferabobedi 18 go ya go puso ya selegae. Moragonyana fela ga foo, [[Bah N'daw]] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa nakwana ke setlhopha sa batho ba le lesome le bosupa 17 ba ba neng ba mo tlhopha, mme Goïta o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa tautona. Puso e ne ya tlhongwa ka di 25 Lwetse 2020. Ka di 18 Hirikgong 2021, puso ya nakwana e ne ya itsise gore CNSP e fedisitswe, mo e ka nnang dikgwedi di le nne morago ga go solofediwa go ya ka tumelano ya ntlha.<ref name=":9" /> Dikgotlhang magareng ga puso ya selegae ya nakwana le sesole di ne tsa oketsega morago ga go fetisiwa ga maatla ka Lwetse 2020. Dikgotlhang di ne tsa fitlha kwa setlhoeng ka di 24 Motsheganong 2021 morago ga phetogo ya khuduthamaga ya matona, koo baeteledipele ba babedi ba pheretlhego ya sesole ya 2020  -  [[Sadio Camara]] le [[Modibo Kone]]  -  ba neng ba emisediwa ke tsamaiso ya ga N'daw. <ref name=":10" />Moragonyana mo letsatsing leo, babegadikgang ba ne ba bega gore baeteledipele ba bararo ba botlhokwa ba baagi - Tautona N'daw, Tonakgolo [[Moctar Ouane]] le Tona ya Tshireletso [[Souleymane Doucouré]], ba ne ba tshwerwe kwa bothibelelong jwa sesole kwa [[Kati]], kwa ntle ga Bamako.<ref name=":11" /> Ka di 7 Seetebosigo 2021, molaodi wa sesole sa Mali Assimi Goïta o ne a ikana jaaka tautona wa nakwana.<ref name=":12" /> [[Setshwantsho:MaliWar.svg|thumb|Military situation in Mali. For a detailed map, see [[:en:Template:Mali_War_detailed_map|here.]]]] Ka 2022 le 2023, [[Islamic State]] [[kwa Greater Sahara]] e ne ya bona diphitlhelelo tse dikgolo mo [[Ntweng ya Mali]], e ne ya gapa dikarolo tse dikgolo tsa lefatshe kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Mali. [[Ansongo]] le [[Tidermène]] le bone ba ne ba tshwarwa ke setlhopha seo. <ref name=":13" />Mo bogareng jwa 2023, setlhopha sa dirukhutlhi se ne se okeditse palo ya mafelo a se neng se a laola gabedi fa e sale puso ya pele e thankgolwa le go tlhongwa ga puso ya sepolotiki.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2023/08/26/1196189708/islamic-state-mali-al-qaida-west-africa-extremist ''NPR: Islamic State group almost doubled its territory in Mali in under a year, U.N. says'',] NPR, 2023, [https://web.archive.org/web/20230827063702/https://www.npr.org/2023/08/26/1196189708/islamic-state-mali-al-qaida-west-africa-extremist archived] from the original on 27 August 2023, retrieved 27 August 2023</ref> Ka di 10 Hirikgong 2022, Mali e ne ya itsise go tswalwa ga melelwane ya yona mme ya bitsa baemedi ba le mmalwa go tswa kwa dinageng tsa ECOWAS go arabela dikotlhao tse di beilweng mo Mali ka go busetsa morago ditlhopho ka dingwaga di le nne. <ref>Ahmed, Baba (10 January 2022). "[https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Mali-s-junta-deplores-new-sanctions-imposed-by-16763433.php Mali's junta deplores new sanctions imposed by regional bloc"]. ''SFGate''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220110161440/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Mali-s-junta-deplores-new-sanctions-imposed-by-16763433.php Archived] from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2022</ref>Ka di 4 Tlhakole, moemedi wa France o ne a kobiwa.<ref>"[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/5/thousands-in-mali-celebrate-expulsion-of-french-ambassador Thousands in Mali celebrate expulsion of French ambassador | Armed Groups News".] Al Jazeera. 5 February 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220207034714/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/5/thousands-in-mali-celebrate-expulsion-of-french-ambassador Archived] from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.</ref>Go ya ka [[Human Rights Watch]], masole a Malian le ba ba belaelwang gore ke masole a Russia a a hirilweng go tswa kwa [[Wagner Group]] ba bolaile banna ba le 300 ba e neng e se masole kwa bogareng jwa Mali ka Mopitlwe 2022. France e ne e simolotse go ntsha masole a France go tswa kwa Mali ka Tlhakole 2022, go simolola bokhutlo jwa [[Operation Barkhane.]]<ref>"[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60997602 Mali troops and suspected Russian fighters accused of massacre]". ''BBC News''. 5 April 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220406192814/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-60997602 Archived] from the original on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.</ref> Ka di 2 Motsheganong, puso ya sesole e ne ya itsise go roba ditumalano tsa yona tsa tshireletso tse di rurifaditsweng ka 2013 le France, e leng kgato e nngwe gape ya go senyega ga dikamano tsa Malian-French.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/3/malis-junta-breaks-off-from-defence-accords-with-france Mali: Military government breaks defence accords with France]". ''AlJazeera.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220509235754/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/5/3/malis-junta-breaks-off-from-defence-accords-with-france Archived] from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved </ref> Kitsiso eno ya bofelo e ne ya tshwaiwa diphoso ke balaodi ba France mme ya tsewa e le "e e seng ka fa molaong". <ref>[https://www.theafricareport.com/201855/mali-france-opposed-to-assimi-goitas-junta-demanding-an-end-to-defence-agreements/ Mali: France opposed to Assimi Goïta's junta demanding an end to defence agreements]". ''The Africa Report.com''. 9 May 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220509155505/https://www.theafricareport.com/201855/mali-france-opposed-to-assimi-goitas-junta-demanding-an-end-to-defence-agreements/ Archived] from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2022</ref>Setlhopha sa UN se begile gore mo dikgweding tsa ntlha tse tharo tsa 2022, go bolailwe baagi ba le 543 mme ba le 269 ba ne ba gobala, ba tlhagisa gore tumelano ya kagiso ya 2015 magareng ga puso le ditlhopha tse di leng kgatlhanong le boipuso e ne e tshosediwa ke kotsi ya kgotlhang e e ka nnang teng lekgetlho la ntlha mo dingwageng di le tlhano. Pegelo e e lemogile gape koketsego e kgolo mo palong ya batho ba ba tlhokang thuso ya botho mo ngwageng o o fetileng.<ref>[https://news.yahoo.com/un-experts-malian-military-white-015227805.html UN experts: Malian military and 'white' soldiers killed 33]". ''Yahoo News''. 5 August 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220806021317/https://news.yahoo.com/un-experts-malian-military-white-015227805.html Archived] from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.</ref> [[Sergey Lavrov]], tona wa tsa kwa ntle wa Russia, o ne a etela Bamako ka di 7 Tlhakole 2023 mme a re Moscow e tla tswelela go thusa Mali go tokafatsa bokgoni jwa sesole sa yone.<ref>[https://www.euronews.com/2023/02/08/russian-foreign-minister-sergei-lavrov-visits-mali-in-sign-of-deepening-ties Russian Foreign Minister visits Mali in sign of deepening ties]". ''EuroNews''. 8 February 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230208210854/http://www.euronews.com/2023/02/08/russian-foreign-minister-sergei-lavrov-visits-mali-in-sign-of-deepening-ties Archived] from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved </ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2023, Mali e ne ya tlosa Sefora, puo ya mmuso wa pele wa bokoloniale, jaaka puo ya semmuso ka tumelelo ya molao motheo o mošwa ka 97% ya batlhophi mo [[referandamong]] e e neng e tshwerwe ke lekgotla la sepolotiki.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/ Mali demotes French, language of its former colonizer, in symbolic move".] ''Washington Post''. 4 August 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230803234614/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/08/03/mali-french-new-constitution/ Archived] from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023.</ref>Ka di 7 Lwetse 2023, al-Qaeda e ne ya golaganya [[JNIM]] go [[tlhasela]] sekepe mo [[Nokeng ya Niger,]] ba bolaya bonnye baagi ba le 154.<ref>"[https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2023/11/01/mali-les-groupes-islamistes-armes-et-larmee-prennent-les-civils-pour-cible Mali : Les groupes islamistes armés et l'armée prennent les civils pour cible]" (in French). [[:en:Human_Rights_Watch|Human Rights Watch]]. 1 November 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231214185052/https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2023/11/01/mali-les-groupes-islamistes-armes-et-larmee-prennent-les-civils-pour-cible Archived] from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2024.</ref> Ka July 2024, [[CSP-DPA]] batsuolodi le JNIM ba bolaile makgolokgolo a masole a Russia le masole a puso ya Mali ka nako ya [[Ntwa ya Tinzaouaten]].<ref>Darya Tarasova; Tim Lister; Avery Schmitz (29 July 2024). "[https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/29/africa/russian-mercenaries-wagner-killed-mali-intl-latam/index.html Dozens of Russian mercenaries killed in rebel ambush in Mali, in their worst known loss in Africa]". ''CNN''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref> Ka di 5 Phatwe 2024 Republic of Mali e ne ya itsise gore e kgaola dikamano tsa sedipolomate le Ukraine.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240805181211/https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/mali-announces-severance-of-diplomatic-relations-1722838542.html Mali announces severance of diplomatic relations with Ukraine"]. [[:en:RBC-Ukraine|РБК]]. 5 August 2024. Archived from [https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/mali-announces-severance-of-diplomatic-relations-1722838542.html the original] on 5 August 2024. Retrieved 5 August 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c78ld18lgr9o "Was Ukraine's role in big Wagner defeat an own goal in Africa]?". ''BBC News''. </ref> Ka di 17 Lwetse 2024, al-Qaeda e ne ya golaganngwa le JNIM ba [[tlhasela mafelo a le mmalwa]] go ralala Bamako, ba bolaya batho ba le 77 mme ba gobatsa ba bangwe ba le 255.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/20/attack-by-al-qaeda-linked-group-in-mali-killed-more-than-70-people Attack by al-Qaeda linked group in Mali killed more than 70 people][[:en:Al_Jazeera_English|". Al Jazeera English]]. 17 September 2024. Retrieved 20 September 2024</ref> == '''Dipopego tsa lefatshe''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mali sat.png|thumb|Satellite image of Mali]] Mali ke lefatshe le le dikaganyêditswêng ke mafatshe a mangwê, ka jalo ga le a bapa le lewatle kwa Aforika Bophirima, e e kwa borwabophirima jwa [[Algeria]]. E fa gare ga latitude [[10°]] le [[25°N]], le longitude [[13°W]] le [[5°E]]. Mali e bapile le molelwane le Algeria kwa [[bokone-bokone-botlhaba]], [[Niger]] kwa [[botlhaba]], [[Burkina Faso]] kwa [[borwabotlhaba]], [[Ivory Coast]] kwa [[borwa]], [[Guinea]] kwa [[borwabophirima]], le [[Senegal]] kwa [[bophirima]] le [[Mauritania]] kwa [[Bokone Bophirima|bokone-bophirima]].<ref>Griffiths, Ieuan (July 1986). "The Scramble for Africa: Inherited Political Boundaries". ''The Geographical Journal''. '''152''' (2): 204–216. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986GeogJ.152..204G 1986GeogJ.152..204G.] [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.2307/634762|10.2307/634762]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0016-7398 0016-7398]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/634762 634762].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Hand der Fatima.jpg|thumb|Landscape in [[:en:Hombori|Hombori]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Koppen-Geiger Map MLI present.svg|thumb|Mali map of Köppen climate classification]] Ka 1,240,192 square kilometres (478,841 sq mi), <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[[:en:Mali#|Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency]]". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> Mali ke lefatshe [[la bo masome a mabedi le bone 24 ka bogolo mo lefatsheng]] ebile ke lefatshe [[La borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika|la]] [[La borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika|borobabobedi 8 ka bogolo mo Aforika]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-African-countries-by-area List of African countries by area]". ''www.britannica.com''. 27 September 2024</ref>Le lekana ka bogolo le Afrika Borwa kgotsa [[Angola]]. Bontsi jwa lefatshe le bo kwa borwa jwa [[Sekaka sa Sahara]], se se dirang gore go nne le [[lefelo le le mogote thata le le tletseng lerole la kwa Sudan.]]<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 5</ref> Lefatshe la Mali le legolo le bo sephaphathi, mme fa o leba kwa bokone o fitlhela go na le dipoa tse di tletseng [[motlhaba]]. Thaba ya [[Adrar des Ifoghas]] e kwa bokonebotlhaba.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-African-countries-by-area "List of African countries by area]". ''www.britannica.com''. 27 September 2024.</ref> Mali e mo [[kgaolong e e mogote]] thata mme ke nngwe ya mafatshe a a mogote go gaisa otlhe mo lefatsheng. [[Mogare wa mogote]], o o tsamaelanang le mafelo a a mogote thata ngwaga otlhe mo lefatshing e e ikaegileng ka palogare ya mogote wa letsatsi le letsatsi ya ngwaga, o kgabaganya lefatshe .<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref> Bontsi jwa Mali bo amogela pula e nnye mme komelelo e diragala gantsi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref>Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa Moranang go ya kwa tshimologong ya Phalane ke paka ya dipula kwa karolong e e kwa borwa. Mo nakong eno, go na le merwalela ya Noka ya Niger, e e dirang gore go nne le [[karolo e e kwa teng ya Noka ya Niger]]. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 5</ref>Karolo e kgolo ya sekaka sa bokone jwa Mali e na le tepo loapi e e [[mogote ya sekaka]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] BWh) ka selemo se se telele, se se mogote thata le pula e e kwa tlase e e fokotsegang go ya kwa bokone. Lefelo le le fa gare le na le [[Tepo loapi e e mogote e e omeletseng|tepo loapi e e mogote]] [[Tepo loapi e e mogote e e omeletseng|e e omeletseng]] (Köppen climate classification BSh) e e nang le mogote o o kwa godimo thata ngwaga otlhe, paka e telele e e omeletseng le paka e khutshwane ya dipula tse di sa feleng. Dikarolo tse di kwa borwa di na le [[tepo loapi ya boboatsatsi e e bongola le e e omileng.]] (Köppen climate classification Aw) Ka kakaretso, tepo loapi ya kwa Mali ke ya boboatsatsi, mme ka Mopitlo go ya go Motsheganong paka e e mogote le e e omileng. Go na pula go tloga ka Seetebosigi go ya go Phalane,go bongola e bile go bonolo. Ngwaga wa serame le komelelo o simolola ka Ngwanatsele go fitlha ka Tlhakole. Mali e na le metswedi e mentsi ya tlholego, mme gauta, uranium, [[phosphate]], [[kaolinite]], letswai le [[kapoko]] di dirisiwa thata. Mali e lekanyediwa gore e na le ditone tse di fetang 17,400 tsa uranium (e e lekantsweng + e e supilweng + e e fopholediwang).<ref>[http://www.wise-uranium.org/uoafr.html#ML Uranium Mine Ownership – Africa] [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20200415020226/http://www.wise%2Duranium.org/uoafr.html#ML Archived] 15 April 2020 at [[:en:Archive-It|Archive-It.]] Wise-uranium.org. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref><ref>Muller, CJ and Umpire, A (22 November 2012) [http://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=24&issuerNo=00022459&fileName=/csfsprod/data138/filings/02005552/00000001/y%3A\Web_Documents\RADAR\E3\RCGQ\14JA13046\121122TR_Falea_cn.pdf An Independent Technical Report on the Mineral Resources of Falea Uranium, Copper and Silver Deposit, Mali, West Africa] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210824024212/https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=24&issuerNo=00022459&fileName=%2Fcsfsprod%2Fdata138%2Ffilings%2F02005552%2F00000001%2Fy%3A%5CWeb_Documents%5CRADAR%5CE3%5CRCGQ%5C14JA13046%5C121122TR_Falea_cn.pdf Archived] 24 August 2021 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Minxcon.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2012, go ne ga lemogiwa gore go na le lefelo le lengwe gape le le nang le uranium kwa bokone.<ref>[http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Uranium in Africa] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140417025834/http://world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Archived] 17 April 2014 at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140417025834/http://world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Uranium-in-Africa/ Wayback Machine.] World-nuclear.org. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref> Mali e lebagane le dikgwetlho di le dintsi tsa tikologo, go akaretsa go [[fetoga ga lefatshe]],[[sekaka]], [[go rengwa ga dikgwa,]] [[kgotlhego ya mmu,]] le go se nne teng ga [[metsi a a nowang]] a a [[lekaneng]]. == '''Mefutafuta ya Ditshedi''' == Di-ecoregion tse tlhano tsa lefatshe di mo melelwaneng ya Mali: [[Savanna]] ya [[Acacia ya Sahelian]], [[Savanna ya Bophirima]] ya [[Sudan, Savanna]] [[e e ka fa gare ya Niger Delta]] e e nang le metsi, [[dithaba le dikgwa tsa Sahara Borwa]], le [[dikgwa tsa xeric tsa dithaba tsa Sahara Bophirima.]] <ref>Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"]. ''BioScience''. '''67''' (6): 534–545. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.1093/biosci/bix014|10.1093/biosci/bix014]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-3568 0006-3568]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287 5451287]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608869 28608869].</ref>Lefatshe le ne le na le tekanyetso ya 2019 [[Forest Landscape Integrity Index]] ya 7.16/10, e e beileng mo maemong a bo masome a le matlhano le motso 51 lefatshe ka bophara mo dinageng di le lekgolo le masome a le bosupa le bobedi 172.<ref>Grantham, H. S.; et al. (2020). "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material".] ''Nature Communications''. '''11''' (1): 5978. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020NatCo..11.5978G 2020NatCo..11.5978G]. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3|10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2041-1723 2041-1723]. [[:en:PMC_(identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723057 7723057]. [[:en:PMID_(identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33293507 33293507].</ref> == '''Dipolotiki le puso''' == '''Puso''' [[Setshwantsho:Assimi Goita, August 2021.png|thumb|[[:en:Assimi_Goita|Assimi Goita]], interim president of [[:en:2021_Malian_coup_d'état|Mali since 2021 Malian coup]] [[:en:2021_Malian_coup_d'état|d'état]]]] Go fitlha ka phenyo ya sesole ya di 22 Mopitlo 2012,<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html UN Security Council condemns Mali coup] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201128100600/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161930/UN-Security-council-condemns-Mali-coup.html Archived] 28 November 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Telegraph (23 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120323134828/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9161659/US-condemns-Mali-coup-amid-reports-of-looting.html Video: US condemns Mali coup amid reports of looting]. Telegraph (22 March 2012). Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref>Mali e ne e le [[puso ya batho ka batho ya molao motheo]] e e laolwang ke molao motheo wa di 12 Hirikgong 1992, o o neng wa fetolwa ka 1999.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14.</ref> Molao motheo o tlamela ka kgaogano ya maatla magareng ga makala a puso a khuduthamaga, [[peomolao]] [[le boatlhodi]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref>Tsamaiso ya puso e ka tlhalosiwa jaaka "[[tautona yo o sa reng sepe]]".<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref> Taolo ya khuduthamaga e mo diatleng tsa ga tautona, yo o tlhophiwang ka dingwaga di le tlhano ka [[ditlhopho tsa botlhe]] mme o lekanyeditswe ka paka ya dingwaga di le pedi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali]], Art. 30</ref> Tautona o dira jaaka [[Tlhogo ya lefatshe|tlhogo ya]] [[Tlhogo ya lefatshe|lefatshe]] e le [[molaodi-mogolo wa masole]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref> <ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 29 & 46</ref>Tonakgolo e e tlhophilweng ke tautona o dira jaaka tlhogo ya puso mme ka go rialo o tlhoma Khansele ya Ditona. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 14</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 38</ref>Kopano ya Bosetšhaba ya [[Phuthego ya matona]] e e nang le ntlo e le nngwe ke yone fela e e dirang molao kwa Mali, e e nang le batlhankedi ba ba tlhophilweng ka paka ya dingwaga di le tlhano.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 59 & 61</ref>Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2007, [[Alliance for Democracy and Progress]] e ne ya nna le ditulo di le 113 mo go tse 160 mo kgotlapeomolao.<ref>(in French) Koné, Denis. [http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200708131307.html Mali: "Résultats définitifs des Législatives]" [https://web.archive.org/web/20121229150933/http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200708131307.html Archived] 29 December 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. ''[[:en:Les_Échos_(Mali)|Les Echos]]'' ([[:en:Bamako|Bamako]]) (13 August 2007). Retrieved </ref>Kopano e tshwara dikopano di le pedi tsa tlwaelo ngwaga le ngwaga, mo go tsone e ngangisanang le go tlhopha ka molao o o tlisitsweng ke leloko kgotsa ke puso.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 65</ref> Molao motheo wa Mali o tlamela ka tsamaiso ya boatlhodi e e ikemetseng,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 81</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 15</ref> fela khuduthamaga e tswelela go nna le tlhotlheletso mo tsamaisong ya boatlhodi ka maatla a go thapa baatlhodi le go okamela ditiro tsa boatlhodi le tiragatso ya molao.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref>Dikgotlatshekelo tse di kwa godimo tsa kwa Mali ke Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang, e e nang le dithata tsa boatlhodi le tsamaiso, le Kgotlatshekelo ya molao motheo e e farologaneng e e nayang tshekatsheko ya boatlhodi ya melao ya molao mme e dira jaaka moatlhodi wa ditlhopho.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Const|Constitution of Mali,]] Art. 83–94</ref>Dikgotlatshekelo tse di farologaneng tse di kwa tlase di teng, le fa go le jalo dikgosana tsa metse le bagolwane ba rarabolola dikgotlhang tse dintsi tsa selegae mo mafelong a magae.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 15</ref> Mmuso wa phetogelo o buseditse morago nako ya ditlhopho tse dintšhwa, tse di neng di tshwanetse go tshwarwa ka Tlhakole 2022, go ya go Tlhakole 2024.<ref>[https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/01/malis-transition-govt-sets-february-2024-for-presidential-election// Mali's transition govt sets February 2024 for presidential election]". ''AfricaNews''. 1 July 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230818190836/https://www.africanews.com/2022/07/01/malis-transition-govt-sets-february-2024-for-presidential-election// Archived] from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023</ref>E le go fetola maitlamo a puso a ditlhopho tsa 2024, [[ECOWAS]] e dumetse go tlosa dikiletso mo lefatsheng.<ref>Melly, Paul (6 July 2022). "[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62037317 Mali coup: How junta got Ecowas economic sanctions lifted".] ''BBC''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230805123950/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-62037317 Archived] from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023</ref> == '''Dikamano tsa kwa ntle le mafatshe a mangwe''' == [[Setshwantsho:Rutte and Touré.jpg|thumb|Former President of Mali [[:en:Amadou_Toumani_Touré|Amadou Toumani Touré]] and Minister-president of the Netherlands [[:en:Mark_Rutte|Mark Rutte]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Malick Diaw and Vyacheslav Volodin (2023-03-19).jpg|thumb|Representatives of Mali and [[:en:Russia|Russia]] at the 2nd International Parliamentary Conference “Russia-Africa” in Moscow, 19 March 2023]] Go fitlha ka 2012, leano la boditšhabatšhaba la Mali le ne la nna le go nna pragmatic le pro-Western ka nako. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Fa e sale go tlhomiwa puso ya puso ya batho ka batho ka 2002, dikamano tsa Mali le Bophirima ka kakaretso [[le United States]] ka go kgethega di tokafetse thata.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Mali e na le kamano e telele le France, [[Mmusi wa pele wa Bokolone|mmusi wa pele wa]] [[Mmusi wa pele wa Bokolone|Bokolone]]. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 17</ref>Mali e ne e dira mo mekgatlhong ya kgaolo jaaka [[African Union]] go fitlha e emisiwa ka ntlha ya [[coup d'état ya 2012]] ya kwa Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref><ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/2012323134643629717.html "ion suspends Mali over coup]". Al Jazeera. 23 March 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120325235036/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/2012323134643629717.html Archived] from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2012.</ref> Go dira go laola le go rarabolola dikgotlhang tsa kgaolo, jaaka kwa [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], le [[Sierra Leone]], ke nngwe ya maikaelelo a magolo a maitlamo a boditšhabatšhaba ya Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Mali e ikutlwa e tshoseditswe ke kgonagalo ya go phatlalala ga dikgotlhang mo mafatsheng a boagisani, mme dikamano le baagisani bao gantsi ga di a siama.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref>Go tlhoka tshireletsego go go akaretsang mo melelwaneng ya kwa bokone, go akaretsa le [[go thukhutha]] le borukhutlhi, e santse e le mathata a a tshwenyang mo dikamanong tsa kgaolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref> Kwa tshimologong ya 2019[[, Al Qaeda]] e ne ya ikarabela ka tlhaselo ya bothibelelo jwa [[Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng|Ditšhaba tse di Kopaneng]] kwa Mali e e neng ya bolaya masole a kagiso a le lesome 10 go tswa kwa [[Chad]]. Go ne ga begwa gore batho ba le masome a mabedi le botlhano 25 ba ne ba gobetse mo tlhaselong. Al Qaeda e ne ya bolela gore lebaka la go tlhasela e ne e le gore Chad e ne e tsosolositse dikamano tsa sedipolomate le Israel. Setheo seno se ne sa tlhaselwa kwa [[Anguelhok]], motse o o mo kgaolong e e sa tlhomamang ya lefatshe leo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 17</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/world/africa/united-nations-peacekeepers-killed-mali.html Al Qaeda Claims U.N. Peacekeeper Attack That Killed 10 in Mali]". ''NY Times''. 20 January 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190121175200/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/20/world/africa/united-nations-peacekeepers-killed-mali.html Archived] from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.</ref> == '''Tsa sesole''' == [[Mabotho a sesole a Mali]] a na le sesole, se se akaretsang mabotho a lefatshe le sesole sa sefofane, <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency]". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> mmogo le Gendarmerie ya sesole le Tshireletso ya Rephaboliki, tseo tsotlhe di laolwang ke Lefapha la Tshireletso la Mali le Veterans, tse [[di eteletsweng pele ke moagi]]. == '''Dikgaolo setoropo le dikgaolo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Cartes des régions du Mali,depuis 2023.png|thumb|Regions of Mali since 2023]] [[Setshwantsho:Regions of Mali 2016 (2).png|thumb|''The "Regions of Mali Image Map" template doesn't yet have a description, but there might be some information on the'' [[:en:Template:Regions_of_Mali_Image_Map|template's page''.'']]]] Fa e sale ka 2016, Mali e kgaogantswe ka dikgaolo di le lesome le kgaolo ya Bamako.<ref>Martin, Phillip L. (2006). ''Managing Migration: The Promise of Cooperation''. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. p. 134. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1341-7|<bdi>978-0-7391-1341-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e na le molaodi. <ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza,]] p. 37</ref>Tiragatso ya dikgaolo tse pedi tse disha, Taoudénit (e e kileng ya bo e le karolo ya Kgaolo ya Tombouctou) le Ménaka (e e kileng ya bo e le [[Ménaka Cercle]] kwa Kgaolong ya Gao), e ntse e tsweletse go tloga ka Hirikgong 2016;<ref>[https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali]" (PDF). [[:en:MINUSMA|MINUSMA]]. 28 March 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170222055230/https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017</ref><ref>[http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html Régionalisation: Deux Nouvelles régions créées au Mali"]. Malijet. 21 January 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170222105836/http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html Archived] from the original on 22 February 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.</ref>mmusi le khansele ya phetogo e tlhophilwe mo dikgaolong ka bobedi.<ref>[https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali]" (PDF). MINUSMA. 30 December 2016. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170129153531/http://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.</ref> Fa e sale ka 2023, Mali e tsentse dikgaolo tse dintshwa di le robobongwe mo tsamaisong ya yone ya tsamaiso, e leng se se dirang gore palogotlhe e nne dikgaolo di le lesome le boferabongwe 19 mmogo le kgaolo ya Bamako. Go rulaganngwa sesha gono go ikaeletse go tokafatsa puso le go dira gore ditirelo tsa puso di nne gaufi le batho ba lefelo leo. Kgatelopele e, e tsweletsa maiteko a go dira gore go nne le taolo e e kwa tlase a a simolotseng ka go tlhamiwa ga dikgaolo tsa Taoudénit le Ménaka ka 2016. Dikgaolo tse di lesome le borobabongwe di kgaogantswe ka [[dikgaolo]] di le 159 le [[bommasepala]] [[ba le 815]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20120309073942/http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf Loi N°99-035/ Du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Creation des Collectivites Territoriales de Cercles et de Regions"] (PDF) (in French). Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali. 1999. Archived from [http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf the original] (PDF) on 9 March 2012</ref><ref>Djiguiba, Issa (21 September 2024). "[https://www.ortm.ml/decoupage-administratif-et-territorial-la-nouvelle-carte-administrative-du-mali-operationnelle Administrative and territorial division: the new administrative map of Mali is operational]". ''www.ortm.ml''. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> Dikgaolo le [[:en:Regions_of_Mali|Kgaolo]] ya Motsemogolo ke:<ref>Coulibaly, Bassidi (October 2013). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20250213015112/https://arpdeveloppement.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/A_14_Theme_9_DGAT.pdf Etats Generaux De La Decentralisation (in French)]" (PDF). ''arpdeveloppement.com''. Retrieved 6 November 2024</ref><ref>[https://www.instat-mali.org/laravel-filemanager/files/shares/rgph/rapport-resultats-globaux-rgph5_rgph.pdf CINQUIEME RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT (in French)"] (PDF). ''www.instat-mali.org''. November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !Palo !Leina la kgaolo !Lefelo (km2) !Baagi Dipalopalo tsa 2023 |- |00 |[[Bamako Capital District]] |252 |4,227,569 |- |'''01''' |[[Kayes]] |62,914 |1,840,329 |- |02 |[[Koulikoro]] |71,178 |2,255,157 |- |03 |[[Sikasso]] |21,378 |1,533,123 |- |04 |[[Ségou]] |31,996 |2,455,263 |- |05 |[[Mopti]] |49,077 |935,579 |- |06 |[[Tombouctou]] |180,781 |974,278 |- |07 |[[Gao]] |89,532 |727,517 |- |08 |[[Kidal]] |151,430 |83,192 |- |09 |[[Taoudénit]] |323,326 |100,358 |- |10 |[[Ménaka]] |81,040 |318,876 |- |11 |Bougouni |41,052 |1,570,979 |- |12 |Dioila |12,984 |675,965 |- |13 |Nioro |24,179 |678,061 |- |14 |Koutiala |14,739 |1,169,882 |- |15 |Kita |44,175 |681,671 |- |16 |Nara |26,213 |307,777 |- |17 |Bandiagara |25,709 |868,916 |- |18 |San |15,516 |820,807 |- |19 |Douentza |63,515 |170,189 |- | |'''Palogotlhe''' |1,240,192 |22,395,489 |} == '''Itsholelo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Djenne market.jpg|thumb|A market scene in [[:en:Djenné|Djenné]]]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|A proportional representation of Mali exports, 2019]] [[Setshwantsho:Kalabougou potters (6392346).jpg|thumb|[[:en:Kalabougou|Kalabougou]] potters]] [[Setshwantsho:Usine de coton CMDT.png|thumb|Cotton processing at CMDT]] [[Central Bank of West African States]] e tlhokomela merero ya madi ya Mali le maloko a mangwe a [[Economic Community of West African States]].Mali e tsewa e le nngwe ya mafatshe a a humanegileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng.<ref>This reference is defined in a template or other generated block, and for now can only be edited in source mode. This reference is used 12 times on this page</ref> Moputso wa ngwaga le ngwaga wa modiri ke mo e ka nnang US$1,500.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref> [[Setshwantsho:GDP per capita development of Mali.svg|thumb|GDP per capita development of Mali]] Mali e ne ya dira diphetogo tsa itsholelo, go simolola ka 1988 ka go saena ditumalano le [[World Bank]] le [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ka 1988 go fitlha ka 1996, puso ya Mali e ne ya fetola dikgwebo tsa setšhaba. Fa e sale tumelano e, dikgwebo di le lesome le borataro di ne tsa tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya mohama o o ikemetseng, di le 12 di ne tsa tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya mohama o o ikemetseng ka bontlhabongwe, mme di le 20 di ne tsa phimolwa.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ka 2005, puso ya Mali e ne ya neela kompone ya seporo go Savage Corporation.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Ditlamo tse pedi tse dikgolo, Societé de Telecommunications du Mali [[(SOTELMA)]] le Cotton Ginning Company [[(CMDT)]], di ne di solofetswe go tsenngwa mo mebarakeng ya poraefete ka 2008.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali"]. [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> Magareng ga 1992 le 1995, Mali e ne ya tsenya tirisong lenaneo la itsholelo le le neng la felela ka kgolo ya itsholelo le go fokotsa go sa lekalekane ga tsa madi. Thulaganyo e ne ya oketsa maemo a loago le la itsholelo [<nowiki/>[[vague]]], mme ya dira gore Mali e tsenele [[Mokgatlho wa Lefatshe wa Kgwebisano]] ka di 31 Motsheganong 1995.<ref>[http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/mali_e.htm Mali and the WTO] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130211173417/http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/mali_e.htm Archived] 11 February 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine.]] World Trade Organization. Retrieved 24 March 2013.</ref> Mali gape ke leloko la [[Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA)]].<ref>[http://www.ohada.com/index.php OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326033744/http://www.ohada.com/index.php Archived] from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2009.</ref>Gross domestic product (GDP) e ile ya tlhatloga fa e sale go tloga ka nako eo. Ka 2002, GDP e ne e le US$3.4 billion,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 9</ref> mme e ne ya oketsega go US$5.8 billion ka 2005,<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali".] [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref>e e leng bokana ka 17.6% ya kgolo ya ngwaga le ngwaga. Mali ke karolo ya "Zone Franc" (Zone Franc), se se rayang gore e dirisa [[CFA franc]]. Mali e golagane le puso ya France ka tumelano go tloga ka 1962 (go tlhamiwa ga [[BCEAO]]). Gompieno mafatshe otlhe a supa go BCEAO (go akaretsa le Mali) a golagane le French Central Bank.<ref>[http://www.banque-france.fr/eurosysteme-et-international/zone-franc.html Zone franc sur le site de la Banque de France] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130120074029/http://www.banque-france.fr/eurosysteme-et-international/zone-franc.html Archived] 20 January 2013 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Banque-france.fr. Retrieved</ref> Pele ga go menola puso ka Phatwe 2020, thuso ya mafatshe a a kwa ntle a U.S. go Mali e ne ya feta $135 million mo FY 2020, e ikaelela go nonotsha kagiso e e bokoa, puso ya mmuso wa batho ka batho le tshireletsego ya kgaolo, fa e ntse e rarabolola mathata a loago le a itsholelo. Morago ga go menola puso, thuso e thibetswe ke molao wa U.S., mme dithulaganyo tse di tswelelang di tsepamisitse mogopolo mo go nneng le tlhomamo, go tshepa puso ga batho, go kgona go itshokelana ga batho le go atlega ga itsholelo ya loago.<ref>[https://ml.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/policy-history/#:~:text=U.S.%2DMALI%20RELATIONS,party%20state%20to%20multiparty%20democracy. U.S. Assistance to Mali]".</ref> Mali e ne e le mo maemong a bo lekgolo le masome a mararo le borataro 136 mo go a le bo lekgolo le masome a mararo le borobabongwe 139 mo [[Global Innovation Index]] ka 2024.<ref>[[:en:World_Intellectual_Property_Organization|World Intellectual Property Organization]] (2024). [https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/ ''Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship''.] Geneva. p. 18. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.34667/tind.50062|10.34667/tind.50062]]. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-92-805-3681-2|<bdi>978-92-805-3681-2</bdi>.]] Retrieved 22 October 2024</ref> == '''Temo - Thuo''' == Madirelo a magolo a kwa Mali ke temothuo. Khotone ke sejalo se se romelwang ntle se segolo go gaisa mo lefatsheng mme e romelwa kwa bophirima go ralala Senegal le Ivory Coast. <ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope]". ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref><ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref>Mo ngwageng wa 2002, ditone di le 620 000 tsa katune di ne tsa ntshiwa kwa Mali mme ditlhotlhwa tsa katune di ne tsa fokotsega thata ka 2003.<ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope]". ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> <ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|978-0-7614-7571-2]]</bdi>.</ref>Mo godimo ga katune, Mali e ntsha raese, [[millet]], [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmidi]], merogo, motsoko le dijalo tsa ditlhare. Gouta, leruo le temothuo di dira 80% ya dilwana tse di romelwang kwa ntle ga naga ya Mali.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008</ref> Mo dipalong Dile lekgolo 100 di le masome a borobabobedi 80 tsa badiri ba kwa Mali ba dira mo temothuong. Mo dipalong Dile lekgolo 100 di le lesome le botlhano 15 tsa badiri ba kwa Mali ba dira mo lephateng la ditirelo. <ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). [[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|''World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa''.]] Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref>Go fetofetoga ga dipaka go baka [[go tlhoka tiro ga nakwana]] ga badiri ba temothuo.<ref>May, Jacques Meyer (1968). ''The Ecology of Malnutrition in the French Speaking Countries of West Africa and Madagascar''. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-02-848960-5</ref> == '''Meepo''' == Ka 1991, ka thuso ya [[International Development Association,]] Mali e ne ya nolofatsa tiragatso ya dikhoutu tsa meepo tse di neng tsa dira gore go nne le kgatlhego e ntšhwa le dipeeletso tsa mafatshe a sele mo madirelong a meepo.<ref>Campbell, Bonnie (2004). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|Regulating Mining in Africa: For Whose Benefit?]]''. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordic African Institute. p. 43. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|978-0-7614-7571-]]</bdi></ref> Gauta e epelwa kwa kgaolong ya borwa mme Mali e na le ntshokuno ya gauta e e kwa godimo go gaisa ya boraro mo Aforika (morago ga Afrika Borwa le [[Ghana]]). <ref>Hale, Briony (13 May 1998). "[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Mali's Golden Hope"]. ''BBC News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180711170446/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1945588.stm Archived] from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Ka 2015, naga e tlhagisitse 41 metric tonnes ya gauta.<ref>"[https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table Gold production]". ''Our World in Data''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231129233804/https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gold-production?tab=table Archived] from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2024.</ref> Go tlhagelela ga gauta jaaka sengwe se se kwa pele se se romelwang kwa ntle ga lefatshe la Mali go tloga ka 1999 go thusitse go fokotsa dingwe tsa ditlamorago tse di sa siamang tsa mathata a katune le Ivory Coast. <ref>African Development Bank, p. 186</ref>Metswedi e mengwe ya tlholego e akaretsa [[kaolin,]] letswai, [[phosphate]] le [[kapoko]].<ref>"[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref> == '''Motlakase''' == Motlakase le metsi di tlhokomelwa ke Energie du Mali, kgotsa EDM, mme dilwana di dirwa ke Industry Textile du Mali, kgotsa ITEMA.<ref>"[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Mali]". [[:en:U.S._State_Department|U.S. State Department]]. May 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194505/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2828.htm Archived] from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Mali e dirile tiriso e e nonofileng ya [[motlakase wa metsi]], o o akaretsang go feta sephato sa motlakase wa motlakase wa Mali. Ka 2002, 700 [[GWh]] ya motlakase wa metsi e ne ya tlhagisiwa kwa Mali.<ref>Cavendish, Marshall (2007). ''[[iarchive:worlditspeoplesm0000unse|World and Its Peoples: Middle East, Western Asia, and Northern Africa]]''. Tarrytown, New York: Marshall Cavendish. p. 1367. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-7571-2|<bdi>978-0-7614-7571-2</bdi>.]]</ref> Energie du Mali ke kompone ya motlakase e e tlamelang baagi ba kwa Mali ka motlakase. Mo dipalong dile lekgolo di le masome a matlhano le botlhano 55 fela tsa batho ba ba nnang mo ditoropong tse dikgolo ba ba kgonang go dirisa EDM.<ref>Farvacque-Vitkovic, Catherine ''et al.'' (September 2007) [http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp104_english.pdf DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITIES OF MALI — Challenges and Priorities] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120916110947/http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp104_english.pdf Archived] 16 September 2012 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 104/a. </ref> == '''Ditlamelo tsa dipalangwa''' == Kwa Mali, go na le seporo se se yang kwa dinageng tse di gaufi le yone. Go na gape le maemafofane a ka nna 29, a le 8 a one a na le ditsela tsa go fofa tse di katisitsweng. <ref>"[https://www.countryreports.org/country/Mali/transportation.htm Mali transportation, roads, railways and airports | - CountryReports". ''www.countryreports.org''.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231014085131/https://www.countryreports.org/country/Mali/transportation.htm Archived] from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.</ref>Mafelo a ditoropo a itsege ka palo e kgolo ya [[dithekisi]] tse ditala le tse ditshweu. Bontsi jwa baagi bo ikaegile ka [[dipalanwga tsa botlhe]]. == Dipalopalo tsa batho == {| class="wikitable" |+Palo ya batho ba Mali<ref>"[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022]". [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100]" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref> !Ngwaga !Million |- |1950 |4.7 |- |2000 |11 |- |2021 |21.9 |} [[Setshwantsho:Mali - Bozo girl in Bamako.jpg|thumb|A [[:en:Bozo_people|Bozo]] girl in Bamak]] Ka 2021, palo ya batho ba Mali e ne e le dimilione di le 21,9<ref>"[https://population.un.org/wpp/ World Population Prospects 2022"]. [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"] (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). [[:en:United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs|United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022</ref>Palo ya batho ba kwa Mali e ne ya gola go tswa go dimilione di le 7,7 ka 1982 go ya go dimilione di le 19,9 ka 2018. <ref>[https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2018&locations=ML&name_desc=true&start=1982 Population, total | Data]". ''data.worldbank.org''. 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240518181332/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?end=2018&locations=ML&name_desc=true&start=1982 Archived] from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2023.</ref>Palo ya batho ba ba nnang koo ke ba ba nnang kwa magaeng (68% ka 2002), mme 5% - 10% ya batho ba kwa Mali ke batho ba [[ba tsamayang ka dinao]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 6</ref>Go feta 90% ya baagi ba nna kwa karolong e e kwa borwa jwa lefatshe, segolo thata kwa [[Bamako]], e e nang le baagi ba feta dimilione di le 2.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 6.</ref> Ka 2024, 47% ya batho ba kwa Mali ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 14 kgotsa kwa tlase, 50% ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 15-64, mme 3% ba ne ba le dingwaga di le 65 kgotsa go feta. <ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agen]cy". ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> Palogare ya dingwaga tsa bone e ne e le 16.4.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "Africa: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency"]. ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref>[[Palo ya bana ba ba belegwang]] ka 2024 e ne e le 40 ka 1000, mme [[palogotlhe ya bana ba ba belegwang]] ka 2024 e ne e le 5.35 bana ka mosadi.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali "Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> [[Palo ya dintsho]] ka 2024 e ne e le 8.1 mo bathong ba le 1000.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>[[Botshelo jo bo lebeletsweng]] ka nako ya go belegwa e ne e le dingwaga di le 63.2 (60.9 mo banneng le 65.6 mo basading).<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>Mali e na le nngwe ya dipalo tse di kwa godimo tsa lefatshe tsa [[go swa ga masea]],<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile, p. 6.]]</ref> ka dintsho di le 57.4 ka masea a a tshotsweng a le 1000 ka 2024.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref> == ''Ditoropo tse dikgolo kwa Mali'' == {{Largest cities of Mali}} == ''Ditlhopha tsa setso'' == [[Setshwantsho:Traveller at Bambara wedding, Mali, West Africa.tiff|thumb|A [[:en:Bambara_people|Bambara]] wedding in Mali, observed by a tourist]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali family.jpg|thumb|[[:en:Fulani|Fulani]] children in Mali]] [[Setshwantsho:Mali1974-151 hg.jpg|thumb|The [[:en:Tuareg_people|Tuareg]] are nomadic inhabitants of northern Mali]] Batho ba kwa Mali ba akaretsa merafe e le mmalwa ya kwa borwa jwa Sahara. Ba-Bambara ke bone morafe o mogolo go gaisa, ba dira nngwetharong ya baagi.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved</ref>Merafe e megolo ke Bambara (33.3%), Fulani (Peuhl) (13.3%), Sarakole/Soninke/Marka (9.8%), Senufo/Manianka (9.6%), Malinke (8.8%), Dogon (8.7%), Sonrai (5.9%), Bobo (2.1%), Tuareg/Bella (1.7%), Malian a mangwe (6%), go tswa mo malokong a Economic Community of West Africa (0.4%), a mangwe (0.3%) (2018 est).<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency (]]27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010.</ref>Kwa Mali le kwa [[Niger]], Ba-Moor ba itsege gape jaaka [[Ba-Azawagh Arabs,]] ba ba teeletsweng ka kgaolo ya [[Azawagh]] ya [[Sahara]]. Ba bua thata [[Searabia sa Hassaniya]], e leng nngwe ya [[dipuo tse di farologaneng tsa Searabia]].<ref>Popenoe, Rebecca (2003) ''Feeding Desire – Fatness, Beauty and Sexuality among a Saharan People''. Routledge, London. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0-415-28096-6</ref> Kwa bokone jo bo kgakala, go na le kgaogano magareng ga [[Ba-Berber]] ba ba tswang mo [[Ba-Tuareg]] ba ba fudugelang kwa mafelong a a farologaneng le batho ba letlalo le lentsho ba Ba-Bella kgotsa [[Ba-Tamasheq]], ka ntlha ya go anama ga [[bokgoba]] mo kgaolong eo. Go fopholediwa gore batho ba le 800 000 kwa Mali ba tswa mo makgobeng. <ref>Tran, Mark (23 October 2012). "[https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Mali conflict puts freedom of 'slave descendants' in peril"]. ''The Guardian''. London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131005100538/http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2012/oct/23/mali-conflict-freedom-slave-descendants-peril Archived] from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2012</ref>[[Bokgoba]] bo nnile teng kwa Mali ka makgolokgolo a dingwaga.<ref>Fortin, Jacey (16 January 2013). "[http://www.ibtimes.com/malis-other-crisis-slavery-still-plagues-mali-insurgency-could-make-it-worse-1017280 Mali's Other Crisis: Slavery Still Plagues Mali, And Insurgency Could Make It Worse]". ''International Business Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141208102058/http://www.ibtimes.com/malis-other-crisis-slavery-still-plagues-mali-insurgency-could-make-it-worse-1017280 Archived] from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2013.</ref> Baagi ba Maarabia ba ne ba nna le makgoba go fitlha ka lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga, go fitlha bokgoba bo ne jwa thibelwa ke [[balaodi ba France]] mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga. Go santse go na le dikamano tse di rileng tsa boswa tsa bokgoba,<ref>[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/1206_021205_salakkayak.html Kayaking to Timbuktu, Writer Sees Slave Trade] [https://web.archive.org/web/20171010190141/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/1206_021205_salakkayak.html Archived] 10 October 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". National Geographic News. 5 December 2002.</ref> <ref>[http://www.kirasalak.com/Mali.html "Kayaking to Timbuktu, Original National Geographic Adventure Article discussing Slavery in Mali] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100922151608/http://www.kirasalak.com/Mali.html Archived] 22 September 2010 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]". National Geographic Adventure. December 2002/January 2003.</ref>mme go ya ka diphopholetso dingwe, le gompieno go santse go na le batho ba ba ka nnang 200 000 ba ba santseng ba le mo bokgobeng.<ref>[[:en:Rick_MacInnes-Rae|MacInnes-Rae, Rick]] (26 November 2012). "[http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/al-qaeda-complicating-anti-slavery-drive-in-mali-1.1150057 Al-Qaeda complicating anti-slavery drive in Mali"]. CBC News. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140305175918/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/al-qaeda-complicating-anti-slavery-drive-in-mali-1.1150057 Archived] from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2014.</ref> Ba bangwe ba ba tswakaneng ba Yuropa/Aforika ba e leng ditlogolwana tsa Bamoseleme ba ba tswang kwa [[Spain,]] mmogo le ba ba tswang kwa France, Ireland, Italy le Portugal, ba nna kwa Mali, koo ba itsegeng e le [[batho ba Arma]] (1% ya baagi ba lefatshe leo).<ref>Fage, J. D.; Gray, Richard; Oliver, Roland (1975). ''[[iarchive:cambridgehistory05fage|The Cambridge History of Africa]]''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521204132</ref> Le fa gone Mali e na le dikamano tse di siameng tsa merafe e e farologaneng tse di theilweng mo ditsong e telele ya go tshela mmogo, go na le dikamano tsa boswa le bokgoba, mmogo le kgotlhang ya semorafe magareng ga Ba-Songhai le Ba-Tuareg ba kwa bokone. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref>Ka ntlha ya go tlhaselwa ga batho ba bokone morago ga boipuso, Mali jaanong e mo seemong se mo go sona ditlhopha ka bobedi di ngongoregang ka kgethololo go tswa mo setlhopheng se sengwe.<ref>Hall, Bruce S. (2011) ''A History of Race in Muslim West Africa'', 1600–1960. Cambridge University Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9781107002876|9781107002876]]: "The mobilization of local ideas about racial difference has been important in generating, and intensifying, civil wars that have occurred since the end of colonial rule in all of the countries that straddle the southern edge of the Sahara Desert. ... contemporary conflicts often hearken back to an older history in which blackness could be equated with slavery and non-blackness with predatory and uncivilized banditry." (cover text)</ref> Kganetsano eno e na le seabe mo [[kgotlhang e e tsweletseng kwa Bokone]] [[jwa Mali]] koo go nang le kgotlhang magareng ga Ba-Tuareg le puso ya Mali, le Ba-Tuareg le [[Ba-Islam]] ba ba feteletsang dilo ba ba lekang go tlhoma [[molao wa sharia]].<ref>Hirsch, Afua (6 July 2012) [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/06/mali-war-over-skin-colour Mali's conflict and a 'war over skin colour]' [https://web.archive.org/web/20170211081540/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jul/06/mali-war-over-skin-colour Archived] 11 February 2017 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machin]]<nowiki/>e, ''The Guardian''</ref> == '''Dipuo''' == Ka Hirikgong 2022, ka ntlha ya go senyega ga dikamano magareng ga Mali le puso ya France, puso ya Mali e ne ya itsise go dira Bambara puo ya semmuso.<ref>"[https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/31/africa/mali-french-ambassador-expelled-intl/index.html Mali's military rulers say French ambassador has 72 hours to leave the country".] CNN. 31 January 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220213181820/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/31/africa/mali-french-ambassador-expelled-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.</ref> Ka Phukwi 2023, [[Sefora]] se ne sa tlogelwa jaaka puo ya semmuso, mme boemong jwa seo sa nna [[puo e e dirisiwang]].<ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION"] (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 22 July 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023. <q>Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali.</q> [Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali.]</ref>Ka nako e le nngwe, dipuo tse di lesome le boraro 13 tsa bosetšhaba,<ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2017-0735/P-RM DU 21 AOUT 2017 FIXANT L'ORGANISATION ET LES MODALITES DE FONCTIONNEMENT DES STRUCTURES DE L'EDUCATION NON FORMELLE"] (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 21 August 2017. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230803235822/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2017/mali-jo-2017-39.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023. <q>Selon la Loi n°96- 049 du 23 août 1996, les langues nationales du Mali sont : (...)</q> [According to Law No. 96-049 of 23 August 1996, the national languages of Mali are: (...)]</ref>e leng [[Sebambara]], [[Sebobo]], [[Sebozo]], [[Sedogon]], [[Sefula]], [[Searabia]] [[sa Hassaniya]], [[Sekasonke]], [[Semaninke]], [[Seminyanka]], [[Senufo]], [[dipuo tsa Songhay]], [[Sesoninke]] le [[Setamasheq]], di ne tsa nna dipuo tsa semmuso. <ref>[https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE DU MALI SECRETARIAT GENERAL DU GOUVERNEMENT - DECRET N°2023-0401/PT-RM DU 22 JUILLET 2023 PORTANT PROMULGATION DE LA CONSTITUTION]" (PDF). ''sgg-mali.ml'' (in French). 22 July 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230808203503/https://sgg-mali.ml/JO/2023/mali-jo-2023-13-sp-2.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 26 July 2023. <q>Article 31 : Les langues nationales sont les langues officielles du Mali.</q> [Article 31: The national languages are the official languages of Mali.]</ref>[[Puo e e dirisiwang thata]] kwa Mali ke [[Se-Bambara]], se mo go sone fa mo palong ya masome a robabobedi 80% ya baagi mo palong ya lekgolo 100% ba kgonang go buisana ka sone. <ref name=":14">[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref>Dipuo tse dingwe tse di fetang masome a le mane 40 tsa [[Aforika]] di buiwa ke merafe e e farologaneng ya Mali.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6.</ref> Go ya ka palobatho ya 2009, dipuo tse di buiwang mo lefatsheng la kwa Mali e ne e le [[Sebambara]] ka 51.5%, [[Sefula]] (8.3%), [[Sedogon]] (6.6%) [[Sesoninké]] (5.7%), [[Sesonhai]] (5.3%), [[Semandinka]] (5.2%), [[Seminianka]] (3.8%), [[Setamasheq]] (3.2%). [[Se-Tieyaxo Bozo]] (1.6%), [[Se-Kassonké]] (1.1%), [[Se-Maure]] (1%), [[Se-Dafing]] (0.4%), [[Se-Samogo]] (0.4%), [[Searabia]] ([[Se-Hassaniya]]) (0.3%), dipuo tse dingwe tsa Se-Mali (0.5%), dipuo tse dingwe tsa Se Aforika (0.2%), le dipuo tse dingwe tse e seng tsa Se Aforika (0.2%); 0.7% ga e a bolela puo ya bona ya ntlha.<ref name=":14" /> == '''Tumelo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mosque entrance (6862566).jpg|thumb|An entrance to the Djinguereber mosque]] {{Bar box|Float=right|title=[[Religion in Mali]]<ref name = IRFR/>|title bar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right 1=Percent|bars={{bar percent|[[Islam in Mali|Islam]]|green|90}} {{bar percent|Christianity|blue|5}} {{bar percent|[[Indigenous religion|Indigenous]]|red|5}}}}Tumelo ya se Islam e ne ya tsenngwa mo Aforika Bophirima mo lekgolong la bo lesome le bongwe 11 la dingwaga mme e sa ntse e le yone tumedi e e laolang mo karolong e kgolo ya kgaolo eno.Go fopholediwa gore 90% ya batho ba Mali ke batumelo ya Se [[Muslim]] (bontsi ke [[Sunni]]<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121024125551/http://www.pewforum.org/uploadedFiles/Topics/Religious_Affiliation/Muslim/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity"] (PDF). Pew Forum on Religious & Public life. 9 August 2012. Archived from [https://www.pewforum.org/uploadedFiles/Topics/Religious_Affiliation/Muslim/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2014.</ref>), e ka nna 5% ke Bakeresete (mo e ka nnang pedi tharong ya [[Roma Katoliki]] le nngwe tharong ya [[Porotesetanta]]) mme 5% e e setseng e ngaparela [[ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika]] jaaka [[bodumedi jwa Dogon]].<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2008/108379.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2008: Mali Archived] 18 January 2020 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. State.gov (19 September 2008). Retrieved 4 May 2012.</ref>Go dumelwa gore [[bolatolamodimo]] le [[go sa dumele mo Modimong]] ga go bonwe thata mo bathong ba kwa Mali, ba bontsi jwa bone ba dirisang bodumedi jwa bone letsatsi le letsatsi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7.</ref> Molao motheo o tlhoma [[puso e e sa amaneng]] le bodumedi mme o dira gore batho ba nne le [[kgololesego ya bodumedi]], mme puso e tlotla tshwanelo eno thata.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7.</ref> Tumelo ya Islam jaaka e ne e dirisiwa mo ditsong kwa Mali e ntse e le bonolo e bile e tlwaela maemo a lefelo leo; dikamano magareng ga Mamoseleme le badiragatsi ba ditumelo tsa bodumedi jo bonnye ka kakaretso di nnile tsa botsalano.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, morago ga gore puso ya [[sharia]] e tlhomiwe ka ngwaga wa 2012 kwa dikarolong tse di kwa bokone jwa lefatshe, Mali e ne ya nna kwa godimo (nomoro ya bosupa 7) mo lenaaneng la pogiso ya Bakeresete le le gatisitsweng ke [[Open Doors]], le le neng la tlhalosa pogiso kwa bokone e le e e maswe thata.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/report-points-to-100-million-persecuted-christians/a-16507067 Report points to 100 million persecuted Christians]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150406223430/http://www.dw.de/report-points-to-100-million-persecuted-christians/a-16507067 Archived] 6 April 2015 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Retrieved 10 January 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.worldwatchlist.us/ OPEN DOORS World Watch list 2012] [https://web.archive.org/web/20191210101952/https://worldwatchlist.us/ Archived] 10 December 2019 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. Worldwatchlist.us. Retrieved 24 March 2013</ref> == '''Thuto''' == [[Setshwantsho:Lycéens kati.jpg|thumb|High school students in [[:en:Kati|Kati]]]] Thuto ya setšhaba kwa Mali ka molawana e neelwa mahala mme e a patelediwa dingwaga di le borobabongwe magareng ga dingwaga di le supa 7 le di le lesome le borataro 16.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 7</ref>Tsamaiso e akaretsa dingwaga di le thataro tsa thuto ya kwa moding ya dikolo tse di potlana go simolola ka dingwaga di le supa 7, mme morago ga moo go latele dingwaga di le thataro 6 tsa thuto e kgolwane ya dikolo tsa secondary. <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Selekanyo sa boammaruri sa go ikwadisa kwa sekolong se se potlana kwa Mali se kwa tlase, bontsi jwa sone ke ka gonne malapa a sa kgone go duelela paka ya sekolo, dibuka, dilwana le dituediso tse dingwe tse di tlhokegang go tsena sekolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2017, seelo sa ikwadiso ya dikolo tse dipotlana e ne e le 61% (65% ya banna le 58% ya basadi).<ref>[http://datatopics.worldbank.org/education/country/mali Education Statistics]". ''datatopics.worldbank.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507101442/https://datatopics.worldbank.org/education/country/mali Archived] from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2019.</ref>Mo bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990, seelo sa ikwadiso ya dikolo tse dikgolwane e ne e le 15% (20% ya banna le 10% ya basadi). <ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Tsamaiso ya thuto e tshwerwe ke tlhaelo ya dikolo kwa metse selegaeng, mmogo le tlhaelo ya barutabana le didirisiwa.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Diphopholetso tsa dikelo tsa go kgona go bala le go kwala kwa Mali di simolola ka 27–30 go ya go 46.4%, ka dikelo tsa go kgona go bala le go kwala di le kwa tlase thata mo basading go na le mo banneng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile,]] p. 7</ref> [[Mmadikolo wa Bamako]], o o akaretsang bomadikolo ba le nne go bopa, ke mmadikolo yo o mogolo go gaisa gotlhe mo lefatsheng mme o kwadisa baithuti ba ka nna 60 000 ba pele ga kalogo le ba kalogo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130513192022/http://globalhealth.northwestern.edu/MedEd/current-affiliations/Bamako_Mali.html Université de Bamako – Bamako, Mali]". Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20130513192022/http://globalhealth.northwestern.edu/MedEd/current-affiliations/Bamako_Mali.html the original] on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> == '''Botsogo''' == Mali e lebagane le dikgwetlho di le dintsi tsa botsogo tse di amanang le lehuma, [[tlala]], le [[bophepa]] le [[tikologo e e phepa]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref>Ditshupo tsa botsogo le tlhabololo ya Mali di mo gare ga tse di maswe go gaisa mo lefatsheng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Botshelo jwa motho fa a tsholwa bo fopholediwa go nna dingwaga di le 63.2 ka ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>[[:en:CIA|Central Intelligence Agency]] (27 April 2021). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109155852/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".] ''CIA.gov''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2010</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2000, 62–65% ya baagi e ne e fopholediwa go fitlhelela metsi a a babalesegileng a go nowa mme ke fela 69% ya ditirelo tsa go phepafatsa tikologo tsa mofuta mongwe.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 7</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2001, ditshenyegelo tsa puso ka kakaretso mo botsogong di ne di le mo e ka nnang P1 000 ka tlhogo ka pharologanyo ya selekanyo sa kananyo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8</ref> Go dirilwe maiteko a go tokafatsa phepo ya dijo, le go fokotsa mathata a a amanang le botsogo, ka go rotloetsa basadi go dira diphetolelo tse di nang le phepo ya dijo tsa diresipe tsa selegae. Ka sekai, [[Setheo sa Patlisiso sa Dijalo sa Boditšhabatšhaba sa Ditropiki tse di Omeletseng]] (ICRISAT) le [[Mokgatlho wa Aga Khan]], di ne tsa katisa ditlhopha tsa basadi go dira equinut, e leng mofuta o o itekanetseng le o o nang le dikotla wa risepe ya setso ya di-dèguè (e e nang le pheisete ya matonkomane, tswina ya dinotshe le mmidi kgotsa bupi jwa raese). Maikaelelo e ne e le go godisa phepo ya dijo le matshelo ka go tlhagisa setlhagiswa se basadi ba ka se dirang le go se rekisa, mme se se tla amogelwang ke baagi ba selegae ka ntlha ya boswa jwa sona jwa selegae.<ref>''[http://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2013/04/Nourishing-Communities-Through-Holistic-Farming Nourishing communities through holistic farming]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20181006235945/https://www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2013/04/Nourishing-Communities-Through-Holistic-Farming Archived] 6 October 2018 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], Impatient optimists, [[:en:Gates_Foundation|Gates Foundation]]. 30 April 2013.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|thumb|Village in the [[:en:Sahel|Sahel]] region]] Ditlamelo tsa kalafi kwa Mali di lekanyeditswe thata, mme melemo e a tlhaela.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref>[[Malaria]] le malwetse a mangwe a a tshelanwang ke [[di-arthropod]] a aname kwa Mali, fela jaaka [[malwetse a le mmalwa a a tshelanwang]] a a jaaka [[kholera]] le [[kgotlholo ya mahatlha]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8</ref>Batho ba Mali le bone ba na le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa phepelotlase ya bana le [[Selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go kentiwa|selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go]] [[Selekanyo se se kwa tlase sa go kentiwa|kentiwa]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref>Go fopholediwa gore 1.9% ya bagolo le bana ba ne ba tshwerwe ke HIV/AIDS mo ngwageng oo,[<nowiki/>[[go tlhokega tlhaloso]]] mo gare ga dikelo tse di kwa tlase mo Aforika e e kwa [[Borwa jwa Sahara]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 8.</ref> Go fopholediwa gore 85%–91% ya basetsana le basadi ba Mali [[ba kile ba kgaolwa dirwe tsa tlhakanelodikobo]] tsa basadi (tshedimosetso ya 2006 le 2001).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090716094114/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/index.html WHO | Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices]. Who.int (6 May 2011). Retrieved 4 May 2012.</ref><ref>[http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/CR7/CR7.pdf Female genital cutting in the Demographic Health Surveys: a critical and comparative analysis. Calverton, MD: ORC Marco; 2004 (DHS Comparative Reports No. 7)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140426233743/http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/CR7/CR7.pdf Archived] 26 April 2014 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. (PDF). Retrieved 18 January 2013</ref> Ka 2024, batho ba ka nna million di le 7.1 kwa Mali, go akaretsa le bana ba feta million di le 3.8, ba tlhoka thuso e e potlakileng ya botho ka ntlha ya dikgotlhang tse di ntseng di oketsega le mathata a tepo ya loapi. [[UNICEF]] e godisa maiteko a yona a go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa botlhokwa jaaka botsogo, thuto, le tshireletso, fa e ntse e ikuela ka ledi la dollar le le million di le 133,5 go itebaganya le ditlhokego tseno. Seemo se maswe thata, ka bana ba feta 522 000 ba tlhoka phitlhelelo ya thuto Mme matshwititshwiti a le mo kotsing ya go tlhoka phepelotlase ya dijo mo gare ga dikarabo tsa botho tse di sa tlamelweng ka bonako. Go tlhokega kgato e e potlakileng go fokotsa ditlamorago tsa tirisodikgoka, go tlhoka tshireletsego le phetogo ya loapi mo baaging ba ba mo kotsing kwa Mali.<ref>"[https://www.unicef.org/mali/en/press-releases/mali-more-half-71-million-people-requiring-humanitarian-assistance-2024-are-children In Mali, more than half of the 7.1 million people requiring humanitarian assistance in 2024 are children]".</ref> == '''Tekatekano ya bong''' == Ka 2017, Mali e ne e le mo maemong a bo lekgolo le masome a matlhano le bosupa 157 mo mafatsheng a le lekgolo le masome a le marataro 160 mo tshupegetsong ya go tlhoka tekatekano ya bong jaaka go begilwe ke [[Lenaneo la Tlhabololo la Ditšhabakopano]].<ref>[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MLI.pdf Human Development Indices and Indicators: 2018 Statistical Update: Mali"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190325093238/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MLI.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Molao motheo wa Mali o bolela gore o sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi, le fa go ntse jalo go na le melao e mentsi e e tlhaolang basadi.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Dipeelo tse di mo melaong di lekanyetsa maatla a basadi a go dira ditshwetso morago ga lenyalo, mo monna a nnang kwa godimo ga mosadi wa gagwe.<ref>[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali]" (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Basadi ba bonwa molato wa go sa tshegetse tebego ya banna ba bona mme gape ba bonwa molato wa ditiro tsa bana ba bone fa ba sa itshware sentle, se se rotloetsang maikutlo a setso a gore basadi ba kwa tlase ga banna.<ref>[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go tlhoka go tsaya karolo ga basadi mo dipolotiking go bakwa ke kakanyo ya gore dipolotiki di amana le banna le gore basadi ba tshwanetse go itlhokomolosa lekalana le.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Thuto gape ke karolo e basimane ba laolang mo go yone, ka e le peeletso e e botoka mo batsading.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali"] (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Jaaka fa mekgwa le ditiro tsa setso di nnile le seabe mo go tlhokeng tekatekano ya bong kwa Mali, dikgotlhang le go tlhoka molao le tsone di tlhotlheleditse phatlha e e golang ya bong ka tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT]" (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Puso e e sa tlhomamang ya Mali e dirile gore mekgatlho e e tshwanang le USAID e leke go tokafatsa matshelo a batho, bogolo jang ditshwanelo tsa basadi le basetsana gore e kgone go nna le seabe gape mo tlhabololong ya lefatshe.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT]" (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == '''Dikamano tsa bong''' == Bodumedi, ditlwaelo tsa botlhogoethata, le [[kgokgontsho e e ikaegileng ka bong]] ke dintlha tse di sa siamang tse di bopang botshelo jwa basadi kwa Mali.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ditlwaelo tsa botlhogoethata di baka go tlhoka tekatekano mo tsa bong mme di dira gore banna ba nne le taolo mo lelapeng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Basetsana ba ithuta ditiro tsa mo gae jaaka ditiro tsa mo gae, go apaya, go tlhokomela bana, go akaretsang tse dingwe fela jalo,ba sa le bannye mme ba solofelwa go tsaya maikarabelo a magolo a ditiro tsa mo gae mo botshelong jwa bone jotlhe. Se se kgoreletsa bokgoni jwa basadi jwa go tsena mo tirong e e tlhomameng mme se dira gore basetsana ba se ka ba rutega.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong kwa Mali e diragala mo maemong a bosetšhaba le a lelapa. Mo maemong a bosetšhaba, ka ngwaga wa 2012 kgotlhang kwa karolong e e kwa Bokone jwa lefatshe e ne ya oketsa dikgetse tsa go gapa batho ka dikgoka le dipetelelo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ntwa gape e ne ya fokotsa phitlhelelo ya basadi ya ditsompelo, itsholelo, le ditshono.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo maemong a malapa, basadi ba Mali ba lebane le tirisodikgoka e e ikaegileng ka bong ka tirisodikgoka ya mo gae, manyalo a a patelediwang, le petelelo ya lenyalo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Patlisiso ya tsa botsogo ya Batho ba Mali ka ngwaga wa 2013 e boletse gore 76% ya basadi le 54% ya banna ba dumela gore go utlwisa basadi botlhoko mo mmeleng go a amogelesega fa basadi ba ka fisa dijo, ba ngangisana, ba tswa ba sa itsise monna wa gagwe, kgotsa ba gana go tlhakanela dikobo le monna wa gagwe.<ref>"[http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Violence against Women in Mali]" (PDF). ''World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT)''. 7 July 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190808040337/http://www.omct.org/files/2004/07/2409/eng_2003_07_mali.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2024, badiredi ba Mali ba ne ba amogela molaotlhomo o o neng o dira gore [[dikamano tsa tlhakanelo dikobo ya bong Jo bo tshwanang]] fa gare ga banyalani ba bong jo bo tshwanang e nne bosenyi.<ref>Billson, Chantelle (5 November 2024). "[https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/11/05/mali-moves-to-criminalise-homosexuality-with-new-anti-gay-law/ Mali moves to criminalise homosexuality for the first time with new anti-gay law]". ''PinkNews''. Retrieved 20 November 2024.</ref> == '''Lefelo la tšhono''' == Go tlhoka thuto go okeditse go tlhoka tekatekano ga bong kwa Mali ka gonne ga se basadi ba le bantsi ba ba berekang kwa ntle ga malapa ba ba tsayang karolo mo lephateng la Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Morago ga go fetola ditlhokego tsa go tsena le phitlhelelo ya thuto, basetsana ba santse ba na le dikelo tse di kwa tlase tsa ikwadiso le phitlhelelo e nnye ya thuto e e rulagantsweng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Dipalo tsa go tlogela sekolo tsa basetsana di kwa godimo ka 15% go feta tsa basimane ka gonne ba na le maikarabelo a a kwa godimo kwa gae mme bontsi jwa batsadi ba gana go letlelela bana botlhe ba bona go tsena sekolo, ka jalo basimane ba na le go rutega.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Fela jalo, thuto ya boranyane le ya tiro ya diatla e na le palo e e kwa tlase ya basetsana ba ba tsayang karolo mme ga e a anamisiwa sentle mo lefatsheng ka gonne mafelo a ikatiso a tlhomilwe kwa ditoropong tsa ditoropo tse di tlhabologileng.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Kwa bofelong, thuto e kgolwane ya basetsana e na le mananeo a makhutshwane ka gonne manyalo a a sa ntseng a le bannye a thibela bontsi jwa basetsana go latela thulaganyo ya thuto ya paka e telele jaaka ya maranyane.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Le fa basadi ba sena phitlhelelo e e tshwanang ya thuto, mo dingwageng tse di fetileng basadi ba ntse ba tsena le go emela mo maemong a go tsaya ditshwetso mo lephateng la Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo malokong a Palamente a le lekgolo le masome a le mane le bosupa 147, a le lesome le botlhano 15 e ne e le basadi ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Dingwagasome tsa sešweng di bontsha gore basadi ba tsena ka iketlo mo maemong a a botlhokwa a go tsaya ditshwetso se se fetolang maikutlo le maemo a basadi kwa Mali, se se dirileng gore ditshwanelo tsa basadi di rotloediwe mo lephateng la sepolotiki.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == '''Maiteko''' == Melao mo maemong a boditšhabatšhaba le a bosetšhaba e tsentswe tirisong mo dingwageng di le lesome go thusa go rotloetsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi kwa Mali.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Kwa kopanong ya boditšhabatšhaba, Mali e rurifaditse kwa [[Beijing Platform for Action]] e e akantseng gore basadi ba tshwanetse go tsaya karolo mo go tseyeng ditshwetso le tumalano ya go Fedisa Mefuta Yotlhe ya Kgethololo kgatlhanong le Basadi e e leng motheo wa go rotloetsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Mo maemong a bosetšhaba, Molao motheo wa Mali o na le Taelo ya No. 092-073P-CTSP e e bolelang gore baagi botlhe ba Mali ba a lekana mme go tlhaola go thibetswe, e leng se se iseng se latelwe.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Lenaneo la Togamaano ya Phokotso ya Lehuma (PRSP) le Lenaneo la Togamaano ya Kgolo le Phokotso ya Lehuma ka fa tlase ga Puso ya Mali di batla go tokafatsa botsogo jwa baagi, le diphetogo mo pusong le bong mo lefatsheng.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> Lephata la Tsweletsopele ya Basadi, Bana le Malapa le tlhametswe basadi le bana ka tlhamalalo gore ditshwanelo tsa bona tsa motheo le ditlhokego di fitlhelelwe ka fa tlase ga molao.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY"] (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Le fa go na le molao le maitlamo a tekatekano ya bong go dira gore maitlamo a Bosetšhaba ya Bong ya Mali e nne setheo go botlhokwa go tshegetsa botlhokwa jwa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go thatafatsa le go rotloetsa phitlhelelo ya basetsana le basadi mo thutong le ikatiso go a amogelesega go tokafatsa tekatekano ya bong kwa Mali. <ref>"[http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: MALI CASE STUDY]" (PDF). ''United Nations Development Programme''. 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181218054809/http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Democratic%20Governance/Women-s%20Empowerment/MaliFinal%20-%20HiRes.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 18 December 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref>Go nna le seabe ga mekgatlho ya boditšhabatšhaba jaaka USAID go thusa lefatshe la Mali ka tsa madi go tokafatsa tlhabololo ya lone ka maiteko a go tokafatsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf USAID MALI:ADDENDUM TO THE 2012 GENDER ASSESSMENT"] (PDF). ''United States Agency of International Development''. May 2015. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180905122408/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Mali%20Gender%20Assessment%20Addendum%20Final.pdf the original] (PDF) on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 24 November 2018.</ref> == Ngwao == [[Setshwantsho:Konoguel Mosque tower (6439210).jpg|thumb|[[:en:Konoguel_Mosque|Konoguel Mosque]] tower]] Setso se se farologaneng sa letsatsi le letsatsi sa batho ba Mali se bontsha pharologano ya merafe le ya di ngwao tsa lefatshe.<ref>Pye-Smith, Charlie & Rhéal Drisdelle. ''Mali: A Prospect of Peace?'' Oxfam (1997). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-85598-334-5|0-85598-334-5]], p. 13.</ref> Bontsi jwa batho ba kwa Mali ba apara diaparo tse di elelang, tse di mebalabala tse di bidiwang [[boubous]] tse di tlwaelegileng kwa Aforika Bophirima.ba Mali gantsi ba nna le seabe mo meletlong ya setso, metantsho le meletlong.<ref>Pye-Smith, Charlie & Rhéal Drisdelle. ''Mali: A Prospect of Peace?'' Oxfam (1997). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-85598-334-5|0-85598-334-5,]] p. 13.</ref> == '''Mmino''' == [[Setshwantsho:Mali Dogon Dance.jpg|thumb|Mali Dogon Dance]] Dingwao tsa mmino wa Mali di tswa mo di-griot, tse di itsegeng jaaka "Batlhokomedi ba Dikgopolo".<ref>Crabill, Michelle and Tiso, Bruce (January 2003). [https://web.archive.org/web/20030625150509/http://www.fcps.edu/KingsParkES/technology/mali/malihis.htm Mali Resource Website.] Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved 4 June 2008.</ref>Mmino wa Mali o mefutafuta mme o na le mefuta e le mmalwa e e farologaneng. Ditlhotlheletso dingwe tse di tumileng tsa Mali mo mminong ke seopedi se segolo sa [[kora]] [[Toumani Diabaté]], seopedi se segolo sa kora le [[Bassekou Kouyate]] setswerere sa mmino wa motlakase, moletsakatara wa medi le blues yo o tlhokafetseng [[Ali Farka Touré]], setlhopha sa mmino sa [[Tuareg]] e bong [[Tinariwen]], [[Khaira Arby]], le bataki ba le mmalwa ba mmino wa Afro-pop, Sangare, [[Fatoumata Diawara]], [[Rokia Traore]] le [[Habib Koité.]] Motantsho le one o na le seabe se segolo mo setsong sa Mali.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150423113351/http://www.ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html Music]". Embassy of the Republic of Mali in Japan. Archived from [http://ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html the original] on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> Mediro ya boipelo wa go bina ke ditiragalo tse di tlwaelegileng mo ditsaleng, mme metantsho ya setso ya dimmaseke e dirwa kwa ditiragalong tsa meletlo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20150423113351/http://www.ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html Music]". Embassy of the Republic of Mali in Japan. Archived from [http://ambamali-jp.org/en/e04-05.html the original] on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2013</ref> == '''Ditlhangwa''' == Le fa dikwalo tsa Mali di sa itsege thata jaaka mmino wa tsone,<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 29.</ref>Mali e ntse e le nngwe ya mafelo a a tshelang thata a botlhale jwa tlhamo mo Aforika.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref>Tlwaelo ya dikwalo ya Mali e fetisiwa thata ka molomo, ka jalis e boeletsa kgotsa e opela ditiragalo le dikgang tse di itsiweng ka tlhogo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref> [[Amadou Hampâté Bâ]], raditiragalo yo o itsegeng thata wa Mali, o ne a fetsa bontsi jwa botshelo jwa gagwe a kwala dingwao tseno tsa molomo gore lefatshe le di gakologelwe.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref> Padi e e itsegeng thata ya mokwadi wa Mo-Mali ke ya ga [[Yambo Ouologuem]] ya Le devoir de violence, e e neng ya gapa [[Prix Renaudot]] ya 1968 mme boswa jwa yone bo ne jwa senngwa ke ditatofatso tsa go utswa.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28</ref>Bakwadi ba bangwe ba ba itsegeng thata ba Mali ba akaretsa Baba Traoré, Modibo Sounkalo Keita, [[Massa Makan Diabate]], [[Moussa Konate,]] le [[Fily Dabo Sissoko]].<ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 128.</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 28.</ref> == '''Motshameko''' == [[Motshameko o o ratiwang thata kwa Mali]] ke [[kgwele ya dinao ya mokgatlho]],<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":16" />e e neng ya tlhagelela thata morago ga gore Mali e nne mofenyi wa [[Sejana sa Ditšhabatšhaba sa Aforika sa 2002.]]<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":18" />Bontsi jwa ditoropo le ditoropo di na le metshameko ya ka metlha;<ref name=":19" /> ditlhopha tse di ratiwang thata mo lefatsheng ke [[Djoliba AC]], [[Stade Malien]], le [[Real Bamako]], tsotlhe di kwa motsemogolo.<ref name=":20" /> Metshameko e e sa tlhomamang gantsi e tshamekiwa ke basha ba dirisa ngata ya matsela jaaka bolo.<ref name=":21" /> Kgwele ya dinao ke motshameko o mongwe o mogolo;<ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza]], p. 55</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080101165700/http://www.africabasket.com/mli/mli.asp "Malian Men Basketball"]. [[:en:Africabasket.com|Africabasket.com]]. Retrieved </ref>[[setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa bolotlola sa basadi sa Mali]], se se neng se eteletswe pele ke [[Hamchetou Maiga,]] se ne sa gaisana kwa [[Diolimpiking tsa Beijing]] tsa 2008.<ref>Chitunda, Julio. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184921/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/news/latenews/arti.asp?newsid=23726 Ruiz looks to strengthen Mali roster ahead of Beijing"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184921/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/news/latenews/arti.asp?newsid=23726 Archived] 3 March 2016 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. [[:en:FIBA|FIBA]].com (13 March 2008). Retrieved 24 June 2008.</ref>[[Mabole a setso]] (la lutte) le one a tlwaelegile, le fa go tuma ga one go fokotsegile mo dingwageng tsa bosheng.<ref>Hudgens, Jim, Richard Trillo, and Nathalie Calonnec. ''The [[:en:Rough_Guides|Rough Guide]] to West Africa''. Rough Guides (2003). [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-84353-118-6|1-84353-118-6]], p. 320.</ref> Motshameko wa [[wari]], mofuta wa [[mancala]], ke motshameko o o tlwaelegileng.<ref>[[:en:Mali#DiPiazza|DiPiazza]], p. 55</ref> Mali e ne e na le setlhopha sa bosetšhaba sa banna sa [[volleyball ya lebopo]] se se neng se gaisana kwa [[Sejaneng sa continental]] sa [[Volleyball ya Lebopo sa CAVB]] sa [[2018–2020]].<ref>[https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 Continental Cup Finals start in Africa]". [[:en:FIVB|''FIVB''.]] 22 June 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210807141038/https://www.fivb.com/en/about/news/continental-cup-finals-start-in-africa?id=94414 Archived] from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.</ref> == '''Dijo''' == [[Setshwantsho:Malian Tea2.JPG|thumb|Malian tea]] Raese le [[mmidi]] ke dijo tsa konokono tsa [[dijo tsa Mali,]] tse di lemiwamg thata mo e leng tsone tsa korong.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 146</ref> korong ka kakaretso e apewa ka disose tse di dirilweng ka matlhare a a jewang, jaaka morogo wa [[spinach]] kgotsa [[baobab]], ka sose ya matonkomane a tamati, mme di ka tsamaya le dikarolo tsa nama e e besitsweng (ka tlwaelo nama ya koko, ya nku, ya [[kgomo]], kgotsa ya podi).<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30.</ref>Dijo tsa Mali di farologana go ya ka dikgaolo.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Velton|Velton]], p. 30</ref><ref>[[:en:Mali#Milet|Milet]], p. 146</ref>Dijo tse dingwe tse di ratiwang thata di akaretsa [[fufu]], [[raese ya jollof]] le [[maafe]]. == '''Bobegadikgang''' == Kwa Mali, go na le makwalo a dikgang a le mmalwa a a jaaka [[Les Echos]], [[L'Essor]], [[Info Matin]], [[Nouvel Horizon]], le [[Le Républicain]] [<nowiki/>[[fr]]].<ref>Murison, Katharine, ed. (2002). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PA652 Africa South of the Sahara 2003]''. Taylor & Francis. pp. 652–53. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-131-5|978-1-85743-131-]]5</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150906191638/https://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PA652 Archived] from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</ref>[[Ofisi ya phatlalatso ya sekapa ditshwantsho ya Mali]] ke tirelo ya puso. [[Ditlhaeletsano ka megala kwa Mali]] di akaretsa megala ya letheka e le 869,600, sekapa ditshwantsho di le 45,000 le badirisi ba maranyane a ditlhaeletsanyo a le 414,985.<ref>Batvina, Iryna. "[http://www.best-country.com/africa/mali/traditions Culture of Mali]". ''Best-Country.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161105173621/http://www.best-country.com/africa/mali/traditions Archived] from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016</ref> == Bona gape == '''.'''[[Ditshupegetso tsa dipadi tse di amanang le Mali]] '''.'''[[Tlhaloso ka Mali]] == '''Dintlha''' == a. Bambara ke [[puo e e buiwang]] ke Palo ya masome a le borobabobedi 80% mo lekgolong ya baagi.<ref>[[:en:Mali#Prof|Mali country profile]], p. 6</ref> b. E akaretsa [[Bokeresete]], [[go tlhoka bodumedi]], le [[ditumelo tsa setso tsa Aforika.]] c. Tsela ya go bitsa mafoko a Se-Bambara: [<nowiki/>[[ma.li]]]. Mokwalo wa ga [[Se-N'Ko]]: rona ߡߊߟߌ [[Fula:]] 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 [[Searabia]]:مالي d. [[Bambara]]: Mali ka Fasojamana, [[N'Ko mokwalo]] wa go tswa mo leineng la Setswana [[Fula]]: 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤭, romanized: Renndaandi Maali [[Searabia]]: جمهورية مالي, se se fetotsweng ka [[Seroma]]: Jumhūriyyat Mālī == Metswedi == p4adyaydzzth5ype4isu9hjkfjqceza 0 10537 51147 40140 2026-06-20T00:45:05Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tumalano ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho''' (e gape e itsegeng jaaka '''Banjul Charter''') ke sedirisiwa sa boditshabatshaba sa ditshwanelo tsa setho se maikaelelo a sone e leng go rotoetsa le go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa seto le kgololosego ya motheo mo kontinenteng ya Aforika. E ne ya simologa ka fa tlase ga taolo ya Mokgatlho wa Kopano ya Aforika (e e tseetsweng maemo ke Kopano ya Aforika) e, kwa kopanong ya yone ya 1979 ya boTautona ba mafatshe le mebuso, e amogetseng tshwetso e e bitsang go tlhamiwa ga komiti ya baitseanape go kwala sedirisiwa sa ditshwanelo tsa setho mo kontinentreng ka bophara, se se tshwanang le se se setseng se le teng kwa Yuropa (European Convention on Human Rights) le Amerika (American Convention on Human Rights). Komiti eno e ne ya tlhomiwa ka fa tshwanelong, mme ya tlhagisa kakanyo e e neng ya amogelwa ka tumalano kwa kokoanong ya bolesome le borobabobedi ya OAU e e neng e tshwerwe ka Seetebosigo wa 1981, kwa Nairobi, Kenya.<ref name=":0">[https://au.int/sites/default/files/treaties/36390-treaty-0011_-_african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights_e.pdf "African Charter on Human and People's Rights"] (PDF). ''[[:en:Organisation_of_African_Unity|Organisation of African Unity]]''. 1981. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200302214714/https://au.int/sites/default/files/treaties/36390-treaty-0011_-_african_charter_on_human_and_peoples_rights_e.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 2020-03-02. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a rogwa ka 2025.</ref> Go ya ka Article 63 ya yone (e e neng e tshwanetse go "tsena mo tirisong dikgwedi di le tharo morago ga kamogelo ke Mokwaledi Kakaretso wa didiriswa tsa go tlhomamisa kgotsa go obamela bontsi jo bo bonolo" jwa mafatshe a e leng maloko a OAU<ref name=":0" />), Tumalano ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho e simolotse go dirisiwa ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le motso ka 1986 – gotsweng mo go lone Phalane a le masome mabedi le motso o neng a tlotlwa a bo a bewa "Letsatsi la Ditshwanelo tsa setho la Aforika".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120719220811/http://www.achpr.org/sessions/5th/resolutions/1/ "1: Resolution on the Celebration of an African Day of Human Rights / Resolutions / 5th Ordinary Session / ACHPR"]. ''www.achpr.org''. Archived from [http://www.achpr.org/sessions/5th/resolutions/1/ the original] on 2012-07-19. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> Go tlhokomela le go ranola tumalano ke tiro ya Khomišene ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho, e e tlhomilweng ka Ngwanatsele a tlhola gabedi ka 1987 kwa Addis Ababa (PM Ebbaa.A), Ethiopia mme ga jaana e le kwa Banjul, Gambia.<ref>[http://www.achpr.org/about/ "About ACHPR / ACHPR"]. ''www.achpr.org''. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> Ka 1998 thatologo ya tumalano e ne ya amogelwa mo kgotlatshekelo ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le ya batho e neng ya tlhamiwa. Molamotheo o o simolotse go dira ka di Firikgong a le masome mabedi le botlhano ka 2004. Ka Phukwi wa 2004, Kokoano ya boditshaba ya AU e ne ya swetsa ka gore ACHP e tla tsenngwa mo Kgotlatshekelong ya bosiamisi ya Aforika. Ka Phukwi wa 2005, Kokoano ya AU e ne ya swetsa ka gore ACHP e tshwanetse go tsenngwa mo tirisong le fa e le gore thatologo e e tlhomilweng ke Kgotlatshekelo ya bosiamisi ya Aforika e ne e ise e tsene mo tirisong. Ka jalo, Kopano ya borobedi e e tlwaelegileng ya khansele ya Khuduthamaga ya Kopano ya Aforika ([https://web.archive.org/web/20060211014920/http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/Documents/Decisions/com/AU6th_ord_Council_Decisions_Jan2006_Khartoum.pdf Eighth Ordinary Session]) e e neng e kopane kwa Khartoum, Sudan, ka Firikgong a le masome mabedi le bobedi ka 2006, e ne ya tlhopha baatlhodi ba ntlha ba Kgotlatshekelo ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho. Kamano magareng ga Kgotlatshekelo e e sa tswang go tlhomiwa le Khomišene ga e ise e tlhomamisiwe. Ka 2019, mafatshe a le masome matlhano le boraro a amogetse Tumalano eno.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210225042254/http://www.achpr.org/instruments/achpr/ratification/ "Ambf CMS"]. Archived from [https://www.achpr.org/instruments/achpr/ratification the original] on 2021-02-25. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> == Diteng == Tumalano ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho e akaretsa matseno a dikarolo di le tharo, dikgaolo di le nne le ditlhogo di le masome marataro le boraro.<ref name=":0" /> Tumalano e e tlhomile thulaganyo ya ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa kgaolo ya Aforika. Tumalano e e na le dikarolo di le dintsi le didiriswa tse dingwe tsa dikgaolo, mme gape e na le dintlha tse di kgethegileng tse di amanang le melawana e e di lemogang le mokgwa wa yone wa botsamaisi.<ref name=":1">Christof Heyns, the essentials of...Human Rights, 2005</ref> Matseno a itlama go fedisa SeSione, e e se tshwantshanyang le bokolone le mmuso wa tlhaolele,<ref>African Charter on Human and Peoples's Rights, Preamble [https://web.archive.org/web/20050524075958/http://www.achpr.org/english/_info/charter_en.html <nowiki>[1] Archived</nowiki>] May 24, 2005, at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> e dira gore Aforika Borwa e dumalane go nna leloko ka 1996 mme ya tlaleletsa ka gore Tumalano e e tshwanetse ya tsamaelana le maemo a UN "malebang le tlhaloso ya SeSione"<ref>[http://www.achpr.org/instruments/achpr/ "African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights"]. African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130119013007/http://www.achpr.org/instruments/achpr/ Archived] from the original on 19 January 2013. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> == Melawana e e fitlhelwang mo Tumalanong == === Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa sepolotiki === Tumalano e amogela bontsi jwa ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa sepolotiki tse di amogelwang ke botlhe. Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa sepolotiki tse di amogelwang mo Tumalanong di akaretsa tshwanelo ya kgololosego kgatlhanong le kgethololo (Molawana wa bobedi le lesome le borobabobedi (kgaolwana ya boraro)), tekatekano (Molawana wa boraro), botshelo le seriti sa setho (Molawana wa bone), seriti (Molawana wa botlhano), kgololosego go tswa mo bokgobeng (Molawana wa botlhano), kgololosego mo bosetlhogong, tshwaro e e seng ya setho kgotsa e e nyenyefatsang kgotsa kotlhao (Molawana wa botlhano), ditshwanelo tsa tsamaiso e e siameng malebang le go tshwarwa le go tlhatlhelwa (Molawana wa borataro), tshwanelo ya tsheko e e siameng (Molawana wa bosupa le wa masome mabedi le botlhano), kgololesego ya bodumedi (Molawana wa boferabobedi), kgololesego ya tshedimosetso le go bua (Molawana wa boferabongwe), kgololosego ya go kamano (Molawana wa lesome), kgololosego ya go kopana (Molawana wa lesome le motso), kgololosego ya motsamao (Molawana wa lesome le bobedi), kgololesego ya go nna le seabe mo dipolotiking (Molawana wa lesome le boraro), tshwanelo ya dithoto (Molawana wa lesome le bone), le tshwanelo ya go gana (Molawana wa masome mabedi). Le fa go ntse jalo, bakanoki bangwe ba ditshwanelo tsa setho ba dumela gore kakaretso ya ditshwanelo tse dingwe tsa setho le tsa sepolotiki ga e a lekana mo Tumalanong e. Sekai, tshwanelo ya sephiri kgotsa tshwanelo kgatlhanong le tiro e e patelediwang kgotsa ya pateletso ga e amogelwe ka tlhamalalo. Ditshiamelo tse di malebang le tsheko e e siameng le go tsaya karolo mo go tsa sepolotiki di tsewa di sa felela go ya ka maemo a boditshabatshaba.<ref name=":1" /> === Ditshwanelo tsa itsholelo, tsa selegae le tsa setso === Tumalano e gape e amogela ditshwanelo dingwe tsa itsholelo, tsa selegae le tsa setso, mme ka kakaretso Tumalano e e tsewa e baya kgatelelo e kgolo mo ditshwanelong tseno. Tumalano e e amogela tshwanelo ya go bereka (Molawana wa lesome le botlhano), tshwanelo ya botsogo (Molawana wa lesome le borataro) le tshwanelo ya thuto (Molawana wa lesome le bosupa). Ka tshwetso ya Khomishene ya Aforika ya Ditshwanelo tsa setho le tsa batho, SERAC v Nigeria (2001), Tumalano e tlhaloganngwa gape go akaretsa tshwanelo ya bonno le tshwanelo ya dijo jaaka "tse di sa umakiwang" mo Tumalanong, segolo thata go lebeletswe ditshiamelo tsa yone tsa tshwanelo ya botshelo (Molawana wa bone), tshwanelo ya botsogo (Molawana wa lesome le borataro) le tlhabololo (Molawana wa masome mabedi le bobedi).<ref>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2008) [http://www.fao.org/righttofood/publi09/natural_resources_en.pdf "The Right to Food and Access to Natural Resources"]. Rome. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120514203528/http://www.fao.org/righttofood/publi09/natural_resources_en.pdf Archived] May 14, 2012, at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e rogwa ka 2025.</ref> === Ditshwanelo tsa batho le ditshwanelo tsa setlhopha === Mo godimo ga go amogela ditshwanelo tsa motho ka nosi tse di umakilweng fa godimo, Tumalano gape e amogela ditshwanelo tsa setlhopha, kgotsa ditshwanelo tsa batho le ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa boraro. Ka jalo, Tumalano e amogela ditshwanelo tsa setlhopha ka selekanyo se se sa lekanang le ditshwanelo tsa setho tsa Yuropa kgotsa tsa Inter-American. Tumalano e naya puso tshireletso ya malapa (Molawana wa lesome le boferabobedi), fa "batho" ba na le tshwanelo ya tekatekano (Molawana wa lesome le boferabongwe), tshwanelo ya go ipusa (Molawana wa masome mabedi), go dirisa khumo ya bona le metswedi ya tlholego ka kgololosego (Molawana wa masome mabedi le motso), tshwanelo ya tlhabololo (Molawana wa masome mabedi le bobedi), tshwanelo ya kagiso le tshireletsego (Molawana wa masome mabedi le boraro) le "tikologo e e kgotsofatsang ka kakaretso" (Molawana wa masome mabedi le bone). === Ditiro === Tumalano e ga e abe fela ditshwanelo go motho le batho, mme gape o akaretsa ditiro tse di ba lebanebg. Ditiro tseno di fitlhelwa mo Molawaneng wa masome mabedi le boferabongwe mme ke tse di latelang: * Tiro ya go somarela tlhabololo e e utlwanang ya lelapa. * Go direla setshaba sa lefatshe ka go baya bokgoni jwa mmele le jwa tlhaloganyo mo tirelong ya lone. * Go se ka go tsenya pabalesego ya lefatshe mo kotsing. * Go somarela le go tiisa tirisanommogo ya selegae le ya bosetshaba. * Go somarela le go tiisa boipuso jwa bosetshaba le seriti sa lefatshe la gaeno le go nna le seabe mo tshireletsong ya lone. * Go dira ka bojotlhe jwa bokgoni jwa motho le go duela makgetho mo dikgatlhegelong tsa setshaba. * Go somarela le go tiisa melao e e siameng ya setso sa Aforika, mme ka kakaretso go nna le seabe mo tsweletsong ya boitekanelo jwa maitsholo mo setshabeng. * Go nna le seabe ka bokgoni jo bo kgonegang jwa motho mo tsweledisong le phitlhelelo ya kopano ya Aforika. == Bona gape == * [[:en:African_Charter_on_the_Rights_and_Welfare_of_the_Child|African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child]] * [[:en:African_Court_on_Human_and_Peoples'_Rights|African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights]] * [[:en:African_Union|African Union]] * [[:en:International_human_rights_law|International human rights law]] * [[:en:Maputo_Protocol|Maputo Protocol]] * [[:en:List_of_Linguistic_Rights_in_Constitutions_(Africa)|List of Linguistic Rights in Constitutions (Africa)]] * [[:en:Linguistic_rights|Linguistic rights]] * [[:en:United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3379|United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379]] == Metswedi == tsaz6mw1ckxxotj4sff1eq4xpndplzl 0 10552 51076 42070 2026-06-19T14:13:04Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa go Tlhopha wa 1965''' ke molao o o botlhokwa kwa Amerika o o thibelang kgethololo ya lotso mo go tlhopheng.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210106161924/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws "History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965"]. United States Department of Justice. July 28, 2017. Archived from [https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php the original] on January 6, 2021. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210414034852/http://nvrmi.com/?page_id=41 "Voting Rights Act"]. National Voting Rights Museum and Institute. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> O ne wa saenelwa mo molaong ke Tautona Lyndon B. Johnson ka nako ya setlhoa sa mokgatlho wa ditshwanelo tsa setshaba ka Phatwe a le malatsi a marataro, 1965, mme Congress moragonyana e ne ya fetola Molao makgetlho a le matlhano go atolosa tshireletso ya yone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210106161924/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws "History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965"]. United States Department of Justice. July 28, 2017. Archived from [https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php the original] on January 6, 2021. E nopotswe ke Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> E diretswe go diragatsa ditshwanelo tsa go tlhopha tse di sireleditsweng ke Phetolo ya boLesome le Bone le ya boLesome le Botlhano ya Molaotheo wa Amerika, Molao o o ne o batla go sireletsa tshwanelo ya go tlhopha ga batho ba ba mmalwanyana mo lefatsheng lotlhe, segolo thata kwa Borwa. Go ya ka Lephata la Molao la Amerika, Molao ono o tsewa e le molao o o atlegileng go gaisa wa ditshwanelo tsa setshaba o o kileng wa tsenngwa mo tirisong mo lefatsheng.<ref>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]]: [https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_c.php "Introduction to Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Effect of the Voting Rights Act"]. U.S. Department of Justice. June 19, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210718235141/https://www.justice.gov/crt/introduction-federal-voting-rights-laws-0 Archived] from the original on August 27, 2021. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le malatsi a malatsi a le matlhano ka 2025.</ref> The National Archives and Records Administration e ne ya re: "Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa go Tlhopha wa 1965 e ne e le phetogo e e botlhokwa thata ya semolao mo kamanong magareng ga puso ya bosetshaba le ya mo kgaolong ya go tlhopha fa e sale ka nako ya Tsosoloso morago ga Ntwa ya Selegae".<ref>[https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act "Milestone Documents: Voting Rights Act (1965)"]. [[:en:National_Archives_and_Records_Administration|National Archives and Records Administration]]. February 8, 2022. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Molao ono o na le ditshiamelo di le mmalwa tse di laolang ditlhopho. Molao wa "general provisions" o tlamela ka tshireletso ya lefatshe ka bophara ya ditshwanelo tsa go tlhopha. Karolo ya bobedi ke taelo ya kakaretso e e thibelang puso ya kgaolo le ya selegae go tlhoma molao mongwe le mongwe wa go tlhopha o o "feleletsang ka go ganwa kgotsa go fokotsega ga tshwanelo ya moagi mongwe le mongwe go tlhopha ka ntlha ya lotso kgotsa mmala" kgotsa boloko jwa setlhopha sa ba merafe e e mmalwanyana.<ref name=":0">[https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-1257_g204.pdf "Brnovich, Attorney General of Arizona, et al. v. Democratic National Committee et al"] (PDF). July 1, 2021. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Ditshiamelo tse dingwe tsa kakaretso di thibela ditlhatlhobo tsa go bala le go kwala le didiriswa tse di tshwanang le tsone tse di neng di dirisitswe mo ditsong go kgaola batho ba merafe e mmalwanyana. Molao ono gape o na le "ditshiamelo tse di kgethegileng" tse di dirang fela mo dikgotlatshekelong tse di rileng. Tshiamelo e e kgethegileng ke Karolo ya botlhano ya phepafatso pele, e e thibelang dikgotlatshekelo dingwe go tsenya mo tirisong phetogo nngwe le nngwe e e amang go tlhopha ntle le go amogela thurifatso go tswa go Mmueledi-Kakaretso wa U.S. kgotsa Kgotlatshekelo ya Kgaolo ya U.S. ya D.C. gore phetogo ga e kgetholole batho ba merafe e e mmalwanyana e e sireleditsweng.<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_5/about.php "About Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act"]. U.S. Department of Justice. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Tshiamelo e nngwe e e kgethegileng e batla gore dikgotlatshekelo tse di nang le batho ba ba nang le dipuo tsa merafe e e mmalwanyana gore di tlamele ditlhopho tsa dipuo tse pedi le didirisiwa tse dingwe tsa ditlhopho. Karolo ya botlhano le bontsi jwa dipeelo tse dingwe tse di kgethegileng tse di dirisiwang mo dikgaolong tsa taolo tse di akareditsweng ke "fomula ya tshireletso" e e tlhalositsweng mo Karolo ya bone kgaolo(b). Fomula ya tshireletso e ne e diretswe kwa tshimologong go akaretsa dikgaolo tse di neng di dira kgethololo e e maswe thata ya go tlhopha ka 1965, mme Congress e ne ya tlhabolola fomula eo ka 1970 le 1975. Mo kgetsing ya ''Shelby County v. Holder'' (2013), Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya U.S. e ne ya e kgaola, e tlhoma lebaka la gore ga e dumalane le molaomotheo ebile e siilwe ke nako.<ref>''[[:en:Shelby_County_v._Holder|Shelby County v. Holder]]'', No. [https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/570/12%E2%80%9396/ 12–96], [[:en:List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_570|570]] [[:en:United_States_Reports|U.S.]] ___ (2014). E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Kgotlatshekelo ga e aka ya phimola Karolo ya botlhano, mme kwa ntle ga fomula ya tshireletso, Karolo ya botlhano ga e kgone go diragadiwa.<ref>Howe, Amy (June 25, 2013). [http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/06/details-on-shelby-county-v-holder-in-plain-english "Details on Shelby County v. Holder: In Plain English"]. ''SCOTUSBlog''. E nopotswe Seetebodigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Ditaolo tse pele di neng di akareditswe ke fomula ya tshireletso di okeditse thata seelo sa go phepafadiwa ga ikwadiso ya batlhophi morago ga tshwetso ya ga Shelby.<ref>Feder, Catalina; Miller, Michael G. (June 1, 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210107061616/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 "Voter Purges After Shelby: Part of Special Symposium on Election Sciences"]. ''American Politics Research''. '''48''' (6): 687–692. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1177/1532673x20916426|10.1177/1532673x20916426]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221131969 1532-673X. S2CID 221131969]. Archived from [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 the original] on January 5, 2021. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Ka 2021, katlholo ya Kgotlatshekelo ya Makgaolakgang ya ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' e ne ya ranola Karolo ya bobedi ya Molao wa Ditshwanelo tsa go Tlhopha wa 1965 gape, mme ya e koafatsa thata.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211226123935/https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting?t=1640522230054 "The Supreme Court Deals A New Blow To Voting Rights, Upholding Arizona Restrictions"]. ''NPR''. July 1, 2021. Archived from [https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting the original] on December 26, 2021. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le malatsi a le matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref name=":0" /> Katlholo e ne ya ranola puo ya "kakaretso ya maemo" ya Karolo ya bobedi go kaya gore ga e thibele melao ya go tlhopha e e nang le ditlamorago tse di farologaneng mo ditlhopheng tse e neng e batla go di sireletsa, go akaretsa le molao o o thibetsweng ka fa tlase ga Karolo ya botlhano pele ga Kgotlatshekelo e thibela karolo eo mo ''Shelby'' ''County v. Holder''.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Segolobogolo, katlholo e ne ya swetsa ka gore poifo ya tsietso ya ditlhopho e ka tlhomamisa melao e e ntseng jalo kwa ntle ga bosupi jwa gore tsietso e e ntseng jalo e diragetse mo nakong e e fetileng kgotsa gore molao o mosha o tla dira gore ditlhopho e nne tse di babalesegileng.<ref name=":0" /> Dipatlisiso di supa gore Molao o atlegile le go oketsa palo ya batlhophi le kwadiso ya batlhophi, segolo thata mo bathong ba bantsho.<ref>Bernini, Andrea; Facchini, Giovanni; Tabellini, Marco; Testa, Cecilia (July 2023). [[doi:10.3386/w31425|"Black Empowerment and White Mobilization: The Effects of the Voting Rights Act"]]. ''National Bureau of Economic Research''. Working Paper 31425. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.3386/w31425|10.3386/w31425]]. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>Fresh, Adriane (February 23, 2018). "The Effect of the Voting Rights Act on Enfranchisement: Evidence from North Carolina". ''The Journal of Politics''. '''80''' (2): 713–718. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1086/697592|10.1086/697592]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158668168 158668168]. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>Ang, Desmond (2019). [[doi:10.1257/app.20170572|"Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act"]]. ''American Economic Journal: Applied Economics''. '''11''' (3): 1–53. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1257/app.20170572|10.1257/app.20170572]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1945-7782 1945-7782]. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>Shah, P. R.; Marschall, M. J.; Ruhil, A. V. S. (2013). [[doi:10.1017/s0022381613000972|"Are We There Yet? The Voting Rights Act and Black Representation on City Councils, 1981–2006"]]. ''The Journal of Politics''. '''75''' (4): 993–1008. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/s0022381613000972|10.1017/s0022381613000972]]. [[:en:Hdl_(identifier)|hdl]]:[[hdl:1911/71875|1911/71875]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:62823836 62823836]. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref> Molao o gape o golagantswe le dipoelo tse di bonalang, jaaka tlamelo e kgolo ya dithoto tsa setshaba (jaaka thuto ya setshaba) mo dikgaolong tse di nang le palo e e kwa godimo ya batho ba bantsho, maloko a le mantsi a Congress a a tlhophang melao e e amanang le ditshwanelo tsa setshaba, le kemedi e kgolo ya bantsho mo diofising tsa selegae.<ref>Schuit, Sophie; Rogowski, Jon C. (December 1, 2016). "Race, Representation, and the Voting Rights Act". ''American Journal of Political Science''. '''61''' (3): 513–526. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/ajps.12284|10.1111/ajps.12284]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1540-5907 1540-5907]. E nopotswe ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e le malatsi a matlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Washington, Ebonya (February 1, 2014). [https://academic.oup.com/qje/article/129/1/379/1897098 "Valuing the Vote: The Redistribution of Voting Rights and State Funds following the Voting Rights Act of 1965"]. ''The Quarterly Journal of Economics''. '''129''' (1): 379–433. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/qje/qjt028|10.1093/qje/qjt028]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0033-5533 0033-5533]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:617854 617854]. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le gatlhano ka 2025.</ref><ref>Bernini, Andrea; Facchini, Giovanni; Testa, Cecilia (April 2023). [[doi:10.1086/722092|"Race, Representation, and Local Governments in the US South: The Effect of the Voting Rights Act"]]. ''Journal of Political Economy''. '''131''' (4). Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press: 994–1056. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1086/722092|10.1086/722092]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3808 0022-3808]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158339446 158339446]. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi matlhano ka 2025.</ref> == Tshimologo == [[Setshwantsho:Bloody Sunday-Alabama police attack.jpeg|thumb|Mapodisi a Alabama ka 1965 ba tlhasela bagwanti ba ditshwanelo tsa go tlhopha ka "Sontaga yo o kgamatlhetseng madi", mogwanto wa ntlha wa Selma go ya go Montgomery]] == Metswedi == nww1yiml0z8cf6frstk1q65tkrtsfme 0 10694 51112 40790 2026-06-19T20:31:21Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51112 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Nsala of Wala in the Nsongo District.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho jaaka se gatisitswe mo bukeng ya taolo ya ga Kgosi leopold kwa Aforika]] Nsala wa kwa Wala kwa kgaolong ya Nsongo ke senepe se se gatisitsweng ke Edmund Dene Morel mo bukeng ya gagwe ya ''taolo ya ga Kgosi Leopold mo Aforika, ka ngwaga'' wa 1904.<ref name=":0">Morel, Edmund Dene (1904). ''[[iarchive:kingleopoldsrul01moregoog|King Leopold's rule in Africa]]''. London: W. Heinemann.</ref> Setshwantsho se supa monna wa kwa Congo o o bidiwang Nsala a tlhatlhoba leoto le seatla tse di kgaogileng, tsa ga morwadie Boali, wa dingwaga tse tlhano. Senepe se se tserwe ke Alice Seeley Harris,<ref name=":1">Grant, Kevin (2001). "[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03086530108583118 Christian critics of empire: Missionaries, lantern lectures, and the Congo reform campaign in Britain]". ''The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History''. '''29''' (2): 27–58. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03086530108583118 10.1080/03086530108583118]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0308-6534 0308-6534].</ref> mosadi wa morongwa kwa motseng wa Baringa ka ngwaga wa 1904, Motsheganong a le lesome le bone.Se ne sa dirisiwa jaaka sedirisiwa mo letsholong la metswedi ya dikgang kgatlhanong le seemo se se ngomolang pelo kwa Congo Free State. Ke bontlha jwa dipampiri tsa Harris, tsa lekgotla le le kgatlhanong le bokgoba la mafatshefatshe.<ref>Thompson, T. Jack (2007-06-29). "[https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/CapturingtheImage.pdf Capturing the Image: African Missionary Photography as Enslavement and Liberation"] (PDF). Day Associates Lecture. Yale University.</ref><ref>Hochschild, Adam (1999). ''[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-618-00190-3|King Leopold's ghost: a story of greed, terror, and heroism in Colonial Africa]]'' (1st Mariner Books ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>978-0-618-00190-3</bdi>.</ref> == Tlhaloso == Setshwantsho se se supa monna a apere tshega a ntse mo thoko ga ntlo mo gare ga setshwantsho, a tserwe sene gone foo. O lebile fa pele ga gagwe, kwa tlase ga setshwantsho kwa molemeng, ke lebogo le looto lwa ngwana lo lo kgaotsweng. Mo letsogong la moja la setshwantsho, kwa morago, fa pele ga maribela, go na le banna ba bangwe ba babedi, ba le bone ba apereng ditshega, ba lebile o o tsayang senepe. Motho wa bone o kwa morago ga setshwantsho, kwa mojeng.<ref name=":0" /> == Ditso == [[Setshwantsho:Map of the Congo Territories—Under the personal rule of King Leopold II.jpg|thumb|Mmepe wa Congo Free State, o o gatisitsweng ka ngwaga wa 1904. Dikompone tsa raba di supilwe, kwa ABIR go bonagala kwa legareng la sephatlo se se kwa godimo]] Bokopano jwa kwa Congo jwa ngwaga wa 1885 bo ne jwa nna le ditlamorago tsa go neela Kgosi Leopold wa bobedi wa Belgium, Congo Free State go nna thoto ya gagwe. Ka nako ya Free State, batho ba ne ba patelediwa go roba raba. Go diragadiwa ga melao e go ne ga baka ditshotlo le palo e ntsi ya batho ba ba latlhegetsweng ke matshelo. Ka phelelo ya lekgolo la dingwaga di le lesome le borobabongwe, go ne go na le batho ba le bantsi b ba neng ba batla raba, mo go neng ga dira gore tlhorontsho e, e direle Leopold madi a mantsi. Pele, tlhorontsho ele maduo a yone e ne e ganelwa kana e fitlhiwa. Go ya ka dikakanyetso tsa basupi le dipalo tsa morago, palo ya dintsho tse di bakilweng ke molao wa bokolone ka nako ya Congo Free States di a farologanan, di simolola ka didikadike di le pedi le dikete tse pedi. Dikakanyetso tse di kwa godimo di supa fa palo ya batho e wetse tlase ka didikadike di le masome a mabedi le motso le dikete tse tlhano. ka ngwaga wa 1998, Adam Hochschild o ne a supa fa palo ya didikadike tse di lesome e ka tswa e le yone ya boammaruri.<ref>"[https://necrometrics.com/20c5m.htm#Congo Twentieth Century Atlas - Death Tolls]". ''necrometrics.com''. Retrieved 25 June 2025.</ref><ref>Hochschild, Adam (1999). ''King Leopold's ghost: a story of greed, terror, and heroism in Colonial Africa'' (1st Mariner Books ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-618-00190-3|978-0-618-00190-3]]</bdi>.</ref> Pateletso e ne ya dirwa ke sesole sa free State, le sesole se se ikemetseng go stwa mo dikomponeng tsa raba tse di neng di tsaya karolo jaaka ya Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company (ABIR). Masole a otlhe a ne a thapa batho go tswa mo Free States le ba ba tswang kwa dikgaolong tse dingwe tsa Aforika. Ka ngwaga wa 1877, barongwa ba ntlha ba kereke ya Baptist go tswa kwa Great Britain ba ne ba simolola tiro mo kgaolong eo. Ba ne ba kopana le ditlhopha tsa merafe ya [[USA|America]] le Belgium go tswa mo dikerekeng tse difarologaneng.<ref>Descamps, Édouard (1903). ''[https://archive.org/details/newafricaessayon00desciala/page/334/mode/2up?view=theater&q=mission New Africa: An essay on government civilization in new countries and on the Foundation, Organization and Administration of the Congo Free State]''. London: St. Dustan's House. pp. 334–336.</ref> Go ya ka Leopold le barongwa, bokolone kwa Congo bo ne bo dira ditlhabololo ebile bo ikaegile ka go fetogela kwa tumelong ya SeKeresete. Ba ne ba gatelela gore se se amana le ntwa kgatlhanong le kgwebo ya bokgoba, go ja nama ya batho le go nyala lefufa.<ref>Sliwinski, Sharon (2006). "[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1470412906070514 The Childhood of Human Rights: The Kodak on the Congo]". ''Journal of Visual Culture''. '''5''' (3): 333–363. doi:[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1470412906070514 10.1177/1470412906070514]. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:1470-4129 1470-4129].</ref><ref>Moncheur, Baron (1904). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/25105298 Conditions in the Congo Free State]". ''The North American Review''. '''179''' (575): 494–503. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0029-2397 0029-2397]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/25105298 25105298.]</ref><ref>Guinness, Henry Grattan (1904). ''Congo Slavery: A brief survey of the Congo Question from the humanitarian point of view''. London: R. B. M. U. Publication Department. pp. 29–31.</ref><ref>Hochschild, Adam (1999). ''King Leopold's ghost: a story of greed, terror, and heroism in Colonial Africa'' (1st Mariner Books ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-618-00190-3|978-0-618-00190-3]]</bdi>.</ref> Ka tshimologo ya lekgolo la dingwaga di le masome mabedi, dipego ka seemo sa kwa Congo Free State di ne tsa simolola go gapa leitlho la bophirima jwa lefatshe, ga nna le koketsego ya batho ba ba kgalang melao ya ga Leopold. Lekgotla la go fetola Confo le le neng le tlhamilwe ke Edmund Dene Morel, le supiwa fa le na le seabe se segolo. Barongwa le mekgatlho ya barongwa le yone e ne ya kgala seemo sa kwa Congo Free State ba bp ba gatisa le dipego ka kgang eo. Go simololwa ga go tsaya dinepe, go ne ga nna le seabe mo seemong se, ka dinepe di goroga kwa setšhabeng ka dipampiri tsa dikgang, dimakasine le tse dingwe. Kgonagalo ya go ntsifatsa dinepe le go nna teng ga dikapa dinepe tse di lobelo,<ref>Thompson, T. Jack (2007-06-29). "[https://web.library.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/CapturingtheImage.pdf Capturing the Image: African Missionary Photography as Enslavement and Liberation"] (PDF). Day Associates Lecture. Yale University.</ref> di le dinnye ebile di se tlhwatlhwa e e kwa godimo le gone go ne ga nna le seabe.<ref>Burroughs, Robert M. (2011). [https://search.worldcat.org/title/436030550 ''Travel writing and atrocities: eyewitness accounts of colonialism in the Congo, Angola, and the Putumayo''.] Routledge research in travel writing. New York: Routledge. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-415-99238-1|978-0-415-99238-1]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC#OCLC|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/title/436030550 436030550].</ref> Leopold o ne a leka go fema go kgalwa ka go ipuelela le go bua le maftshe a mangwe. Ka ngwaga wa 1908, leopold o en a rekisetsa lefatshe la Belgium Congo Free State. [[Setshwantsho:ABIR company posts.svg|left|thumb|Maemelo a ABIR kwa kgampung ya Lopori-Maringa]] ABIR e ne ya tshwara bokopano jwa go drisa botlhaswa didirisiwa tsa sekgwa<ref name=":2">Harms, Robert (2005). "[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=-oi7Osz2Ss0C&pg=PA343&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false King Leopold's Bond]s". In Goetzmann, William Nelson; Rouwenhorst, K. Geert (eds.). ''The origins of value: the financial innovations that created modern capital markets''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 343–357. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517571-4|978-0-19-517571-4]]</bdi>.</ref> sa kgampu ya Lopori-Maringa. Lefelo le le supilweng mo senepeng, Baringa, le kwa nokeng ya Maringa kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa toropo ya basankusu. Ke kwa dinoka tsa Maringa le Lopori di kopanang teng, ebile ke lefelo la boremelelo jwa ditiro tsa ABIR, le le saleng le nna teng ka ngwaga wa 1893.<ref name=":2" /> Morago ga go tlhantlhamolola kompone ka ngwag wa 1898, Congo Free State e ne ya nna le masome a matlhano (sephatlo) mo ABIR, ka mo go setseng go neelwa kompone e nngwe ya raba e e kwa Congo.<ref name=":2" /> Raba e ne bonwa kwa kgaolong ya ABIR ka go betsabetsa ditlhare dingwe tsa mofine, bogolo jang tsa mofuta wa Landolphia owareinsis gentilii. Go kgaolwa ga dikalana tse go ne go dira gore go nne le komelelo nako tse dingwe ditlhare di swe.<ref name=":3">Harms, Robert (1975). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/181099 The End of Red Rubber: A Reassessment]". ''The Journal of African History''. '''16''' (1): 73–88. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/abs/end-of-red-rubber-a-reassessment1/FD6F01D4842CE513F9F496319FAA2AB9 10.1017/S0021853700014110]. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0021-8537 0021-8537]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/181099 181099].</ref> Fa godimo ga foo, go kgaola dikala mo go ne go baka go swa ga dikala tsa raba. Ka ngwaga wa 1904, e senepe se se tserweng ka yone, go ne ga begiwa gore kwa mabolokelong a raba, di mile di le masome a matlhano go tswa kwa ABIR ga go na sepe. Ka jalo, selekanyo sa raba se se rekisediwang mafatshe a mangwe se ne sa wela tlase ka sephatlo sa lekgolo gareng ga ngwaga ya 1903 le 1904.<ref name=":3" /><ref>Harms, Robert (2005). "[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=-oi7Osz2Ss0C&pg=PA343&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false King Leopold's Bonds]". In Goetzmann, William Nelson; Rouwenhorst, K. Geert (eds.). ''The origins of value: the financial innovations that created modern capital markets''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 343–357. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517571-4|978-0-19-517571-4]]</bdi>.</ref> Pele ga go sotliwa ga raba, bontsi jwa banni ba kgampu ya Lopor-Maringa ba ne ba dira temothuo, Le fa go ntse jalo, go ne go na le ba ba tshwarang ditlhapi le ba ba tsomang go itshetsa. Pele ga go tlhamiwa Congo Free State, kgaolo e e ne e itsege ka ditso tsa ntwa ya dibetsa le bokgoba mo lekgolong la dingwaga tse di lesome le boferabongwe. Ka dingwaga tsa 1880, kgaolo e ne ya itemogela ditlhaselo tsa gangwe le gape ke bagwebi go tswa Irebu, ba ba neng ba nala seabe mo thekong ya makgoba le dinaka tsa tlou.<ref>Harms, Robert (1983). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3601320 "The World Abir Made: The Margina-Lopori Basin, 1885-1903"]. ''African Economic History'' (12): 125–139. [[:en:Digital_object_identifier|doi:]][https://www.jstor.org/stable/3601320?origin=crossref 10.2307/3601320.] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0145-2258 0145-2258]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3601320 3601320].</ref> ABIR e ne e na le maemelo a aname le lefelo leo, maemelo mangwe le mangwe a itebagantse le kgaolo ebile a na le babereki ba le babedi kgotsa a le mongwe wa Europe ba ba neng ba amogela go ya ka selekanyo sa raba e e isitsweng, ebile madi a bone a kgaolwa fa go sa kgona go fitlhelelwa seelo.<ref>Harms, Robert (1975). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/181099 The End of Red Rubber: A Reassessment]". ''The Journal of African History''. '''16''' (1): 73–88. doi:[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/abs/end-of-red-rubber-a-reassessment1/FD6F01D4842CE513F9F496319FAA2AB9 10.1017/S0021853700014110.] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0021-8537 0021-8537]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/181099 181099].</ref> Go ya ka palo ya banna mo motseng, maemelo a a ne a baya seelo sa raba motse mongwe le monwge, tse badisa ba ABIR ba neng ba neetswe tiro ya go e tsaya. Fa selekanyo se sa fitlhelelwe, badisa ba ne ba tshosediwa ka go kgaolwa ga dikamogelo, go kobiwa, go tshwarwa kgotsa go betswa. Fa badisa ba se kae ba ne ba tshola ditlhobolo tsa sešha, badisa ba ba kwa magaeng ba ne ba dirisa tsa bogologolo.<ref name=":4">Harms (1983, pp. 132–133)</ref> Badisa nako tse dingwe ba ne ba tshwanelwa ke go supa lebogo la moja go supa lerumo lengwe le lengwe le ba le dirisitseng, e le bosupi jwa gore a ba dira tiro ya bone.<ref>Harms, Robert (2005). "[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=-oi7Osz2Ss0C&pg=PA343&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false King Leopold's Bonds]". In Goetzmann, William Nelson; Rouwenhorst, K. Geert (eds.). ''The origins of value: the financial innovations that created modern capital markets''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 343–357. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517571-4|978-0-19-517571-4]]</bdi>.</ref> ABIR e ne e na le kemo nokeng ya sesole sa lefatshe, se se neng se romela mephato ya kwa Basankusu go ritibatsa go gana gope mo go dingalo mo setšhabeng,<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> ga mmogo le go ema nokeng ditsamaiso le diteseletso tsa dibetsa.<ref>Doyle, Arthur Conan (1909). ''[[:en:The_Crime_of_the_Congo|The Crime of the Congo]]''. London: Hutchinson & Co. p. 49.</ref> Le ntswa banna ba ba neng ba roba raba ba ne ba duelwa,<ref name=":5">Harms (1983, p. 134)</ref> kompone e ne e na le dikgolegelo kwa banna ba ba reteletsweng ke go fitlhelela seelo ba neng ba golegwa teng ba bo ba patelediwa go bereka. Basadi ba bone le masika a a gaufi ba ne ba tshwarwa mo boemong, gore monna a kgone go tswelela a roba raba. Fa metse e retelelwa ke go fitlhelela seelo sa yone, bateteledipele ba bone ba ne ba tshwarwa.<ref name=":5" /> Motse wa Wala o ne o le kwa Nsongo Mboyo, kwa e leng setlhopha sa metse e e mo kgaolong e ABIR e leng kwa go yone. Go ya ka RGC,<ref>Hunt, Nancy Rose (2013). "A[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=GBWdMEWfdEsC&pg=PA55&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false n Acoustic Register: Rape and Repetition in Congo]". In Stoler, Ann Laura (ed.). ''Imperial debris: on ruins and ruination''. Durham; London: Duke University Press. pp. 55, 65. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-5348-5|978-0-8223-5348-5]]</bdi>.</ref> lefelo le le kwa botlhaba jwa Baringa, kwa bokone jwa Maringa.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160828010547/http://www.rgc.cd/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=41&Itemid=76 Données du RGC]". ''archive.ph''. 2013-12-22. Archived from [http://www.rgc.cd/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=41&Itemid=76 the origina]l on 2013-12-22. Retrieved 25 June 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1903, batho ba ka nna sekete go tswa kwa Nsongo Mboyo ba ba neng ab lekile go tshaba mo lefelong leo ba ne ba patelediwa go fudugela kwa kampeng ya pereko ya Lireko.<ref>Harms (1983, p. 136)</ref> Ka Motsheganong ngwaga wa 1904, batho ba le masome a ferabobobedi le boraro go ne go dumelwa ba bolailwe ke ABIR kwa Wala a le nosi.<ref>Kiernan, Ben (2011). "[https://search.worldcat.org/title/648933063 From Irish Famine to Congo Reform: Nineteenth-Century Roots of International Human Rights Law and Activism"]. In Provost, René; Akhavan, Payam (eds.). ''Confronting genocide''. Ius gentium : comparative perspectives on law and justice. Dordrecht; New York: Springer. p. 40. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-90-481-9839-9|978-90-481-9839-9]]</bdi>. OCLC [https://search.worldcat.org/title/648933063 648933063].</ref> == Tshekatsheko ya seemo sa mo gae ke barongwa ba Baringa == John Harris, monna wa ga Alice Harris, o ne a fa maiphitlhelo fa pele ga lekgotla la potsisiso ka melato kwa Congo. Lekgotla le le ne le tlhomilwe ke Leopold ka ngwaga wa 1904. " Go ya ka kitso ya rona, ga go na modisa o o otlhailweng ke lefatshe go fitlhelela ka ngwaga wa 1904 ka dipolao tse dintsi tse di dirilweng mo kgaolong.<ref name=":6">[[iarchive:evidencelaidbefo00congrich|Congo reform association]] (1905, p. 22)</ref> Edgar Stannard, morongwa wa tsa botsogo kwa Baringa<ref name=":1" /> o ne a bolelela lekgotla le gore badisa ba ABIR ba dirisa ditlhobolo tse ba diwang go di dirisa mo molaong, go kgalema ditlhaselo tsa kwa Nsongo.<ref name=":6" /> Harris le Stannard ba ne gape ba supa fa batsamaisi ba ABIR ba betsa badisa fa ba sa bolaya palo e e lekaneng ya batho. John Harris o ne a supa ka ngwaga wa 1905 fa badisa ba kwa Nsongo ba itsege ka go ja nama ya batho.<ref>Morel (1904, p. 446)</ref> Edgar Stannadrd o ne a boeletsa dipuo tsa banni ba Nsongo ba supa fa badisa ba kgaolo eo ba ne ba rometswe kwa ntle mme ba ne ba kobiwa mo ditirong ba tseelwa ditlhobolo ke batho basweu ka ntlha ya go retelelwa ke go bolaya batho ba bone. Ba ne ba tlhatlhamiwa ke badisa ba ba tswang kwa mafelong a aitsegeng ka go ja batho. Robert M. Burroughs o ne a re le ntswa Harris a bulegile tlhaloganyo, o santse a tlhalosa badisa e le batho ba ba seng kelotlhoko, ba sa tlhabologa ebile ba ja batho, a dirisa puo e e tshwanang le ba ba neng ba ema nokeng Free State, ka jalo a dira gore barongwa ba nne le bothata jwa go bona mafoko a beng gae e le ka fa barongwa ba buang ka teng. == Metswedi == 6kfcybczfy04j9jhgljpjgcvex897z4 0 10804 51059 41281 2026-06-19T12:18:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mafatshe a selekane''', a gantsi a bidiwang mafatshe a selekane a Britain,<ref>Srinivasan, Krishnan (2008). ''The rise, decline, and future of the British Commonwealth'' (Paperback ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 1. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-230-20367-9|978-0-230-20367-9]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1554175.stm "Profile: The Commonwealth"]. ''BBC News''. February 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200906101930/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/1554175.stm Archived] from the original on 6 September 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2025.</ref> ke lekgotla la mafatshefatshe le le nang le maloko a mafatshe a le masome a matlhano le borataro, a bontsi jwa one e leng dikgaolo tsa pele tsa bogosi jwa Britain, tse lekgotla le le tlhamilweng ka tsone.<ref>[https://thecommonwealth.org/about-us "About Us"]. Commonwealth Secretariat. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220910080412/https://thecommonwealth.org/about-us Archived] from the original on 10 September 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2025.</ref> Mafatshe a a kopantswe ke tiriso ya puo ya Sekgowa le kamano ya ngwao le ditso. Metheo ya lekgotla le ke mokwaledimogolo wa mafatshe a selekane, o o itebagantseng le botsalano jwa dipuso, le motheo wa mafatshe a selekane, o o itebagantseng le botsalano jo e seng jwa puso mo mafatsheng ao.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100619122827/http://thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/191247/the_commonwealth/ "The Commonwealth".] Commonwealth Secretariat. Archived from [https://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/191247/the_commonwealth the original] on 19 June 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2025</ref> Makgotla a le mantsi a amana ebile a berekela mo teng ga mafatshe a selekane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070831143745/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/151814/commonwealth_family/ "Commonwealth Family"]. Commonwealth Secretariat. Archived from [https://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/151814/commonwealth_family/ the original] on 31 August 2007. Retrieved 18 July 2025.</ref> Mafatshe a selekane a tswa bogologolong jwa sephatlo sa ntlha sa lekgolo la dingwaga di le masome mabedi ka kgololesego ya bogosi jwa Britain ka go ipusa ga dikgaolo tsa bone. Lekgotla le le tlhamilwe e le mafatshe a selekane a Britain ka kitsiso ya balfour kwa bokopanong jwa Imperia jwa 1926, la tlhomamisiwa semmuso ke lefatshe la [[United Kingdom]] ka molao wa Westminster ka ngwaga wa 1931. Ka ngwaga wa 1949, molao wa London o ne wa letla lefatshe la India go sala mo mafatshe a selekane e le lefatshe, se se tshwaya phetogo e e botlhokwa ya lekgotla leo.<ref>[https://thecommonwealth.org/history "Our history".] Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 18 July 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100706045924/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/181889/34293/35468/214257/londondeclaration.htm "The London Declaration".] Commonwealth of Nations. 26 April 1949. Archived from [https://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/181889/34293/35468/214257/londondeclaration.htm the original] on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2025.</ref> Moeteledipele wa mafatshe a selekane ke Kgosi Charles wa bobedi. Ke kgosi ya mafatshe a maloko a le lesome le botlhano, fa mafatshe a mangwe a maloko a le masome mararo le borataro e le mafatshe a a ikemetseng, fa a le matlhano a na le dikgosi tse di farologanneg. Le nstwa a nnile moeteledipele morago ga mmagwe ebong Queen Elizabeth wa bobedi a sena go tlhokafala, maemo a ga neelanwe go ya ka losika.<ref>[https://www.victorialeague.co.uk/our-commonwealth "The Commonwealth"]. ''The Victoria League for Commonwealth Friendship''. 21 May 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210124092021/https://www.victorialeague.co.uk/our-commonwealth Archived] from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2025</ref> Banni ba mafatshe a selekane ba akola ditshiamelo tsa mafatshe a maloko, bogolo jang kwa United Kingdom, mafatshe a selekane a emelwa mo go a mangwe ke makgotla e seng baemedi. Mafatshe a e leng maloko ga a na ditlamego tsa semolao mo go a mangwe, le ntswa ditumalano tsa itsholelo, boatlhodi le sesole di teng gareng ga mafatshe. Molao wa mafatshe a selekane o tlhalosa dikgatlhego tse ba di tlhakanetseng tsa puso ya batho ka batho, ditshwanelo tsa setho le molao<ref>[https://thecommonwealth.org/charter "Commonwealth Charter"]. Commonwealth Secretariat. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230401035517/https://thecommonwealth.org/charter Archived] from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2025</ref> jaaka di rotloediwa ke metshameko ya mafatshe a selekane e e diragalang mo dingwageng di le nne. Bontsi jwa mafatshe a selekane ke mafatshe a mannye, fa ditlhaketlhake tse di santse di tlhabologa di dira sephatlo sa boloko. == Ditso == === Mabaka a ntlha a kgopolo === [[Setshwantsho:British Commonealth of Nations handwritten on Anglo-Irish Treaty draft.png|thumb|Kakanyetso ya ntlha ya ,olao wa Anglo-Irish wa 1921]] Mmamosadinyana Elizabeth wa bobedi, mo mafokong a gagwe a a bolelela Canada kwa letsatsi la boeteledipele ka ngwaga wa 1959, o ne a supa gore bokopano jwa Canada ka Phukwi a rogwa ngwaga wa 1867 e ne e le botsalo jwa lefatshe la ntlha go ipusa mo bogosing jwa Britain. O ne a re, go tshwaya tshimologo ya go tshwaragana ga mafatshe a a ikemetseng mo jaanong go bidiwang mafatshe a selekane.<ref>Queen Elizabeth II (1 July 1959). ''[https://www.cbc.ca/archives Queen Elizabeth's 1959 Dominion Day Message]''. Government House (Rideau Hall), Ottawa: CBC. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151120073412/http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/queen-elizabeths-1959-dominion-day-message Archived] from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100619122654/http://thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/34493/history/ "History – Though the modern Commonwealth is just 60 years old, the idea took root in the 19th century".] Commonwealth Secretariat. Archived from [https://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/34493/history the original] on 19 June 2010. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Go tswa bogologolong jwa Firikgong a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1884, Lord Rosebery fa a etetse Adelaide kwa borwa jwa Australia o ne a tlhalosa go fetoga ga bogosi jwa Britain, jaaka dikolone dingwe di ne di ikemela jaaka mafatshe a selekane.<ref>[https://liberalhistory.org.uk/timeline-event/on-this-day-18-1-1884/ "18 January 1884".] ''Journal of Liberal History''. Retrieved 23 July 2025</ref> Dikopano tsa botona ba Britain le dikolone do ne di tshwarwa gangwe le gape go tswa kwa go jwa ntlha jwa 1887, go fitlhelela go tlhamiwa bokopano jwa bateledipele ka ngwaga wa 1911.<ref>Mole, Stuart (September 2004). "Seminars for statesmen': the evolution of the Commonwealth summit". ''[[:en:The_Round_Table_(journal)|The Round Table]]''. '''93''' (376): 533–546. doi:[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0035853042000289128 10.1080/0035853042000289128]. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0035-8533 0035-8533]. [[:en:Semantic_Scholar#S2CID|S2CID]] [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3f177c5e770d8efa7779ec02233a659cbc73d08b 154616079].</ref><ref>[[:en:John_Kendle|Kendle, J.E.]] (1967). "[https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/74/3/999/91500?login=true The Colonial and Imperial Conferences, 1887-1911: A Study in Imperial Organization"]. ''The American Historical Review''. Imperial Studies. '''XXVIII'''. London: [[:en:Longman|Longmans]] for the [[:en:Royal_Commonwealth_Society|Royal Commonwealth Society]]. [[:en:Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number|ASIN]] [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0000CO3QA B0000CO3QA.] doi:[https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/74/3/999/91500?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=true 10.1086/ahr/74.3.999].</ref> [[Setshwantsho:CommonwealthPrimeMinisters1944.jpg|thumb|Botona ba mafatshe a matlhano a maloko a selekane ka ngwaga wa 1944 kwa bokopanong jwa mafatshe a selekane: go tswa kwa molemeng Mackenzie King (Canada), Jan Smuts (Aforika Borwa), Winston Churchill (United Kingdom), Peter Fraser (New Zealand) le John Curtin (Australia)]] Kgolagano ya mafatshe a selekane, e dule mo bokopanong jwa dikolone. Kakanyo e ne e tsile ka Jan Smuts ka ngwaga wa 1917 fa a tlhama mafoko a "mafatshe a selekane a Britain" a bo a nna le ponelopele ya botsalano jwa mo isagong jwa melaometheo, kwa bokopanong jwa kagiso kwa Paris ka ngwaga wa 1919, jo bo neng bo tseneletswe ke baemedi go tswa kwa mafatsheng a a eteletseng a mangwe pele le la United Kingdom.<ref>F.S. Crafford, ''Jan Smuts: A Biography'' (2005) p. 142</ref><ref>The Irish [[:en:Oath_of_Allegiance_(Ireland)|Oath of Allegiance]], agreed in 1921, included the [[:en:Irish_Free_State|Irish Free State]]'s "adherence to and membership of the group of nations forming the British Commonwealth of Nations".</ref> Mafoko a a ne a lemogiwa ke tumalano ya Anglo-Irish ya ngwaga wa 1921, kwa mafoko a mafatshe a selekane a Britain a neng a emelediwa ka bogosi jwa Britain ka mafoko a maikano a a neng a dirilwe ke maloko a palamente ya Irish Free State.<ref>[[:en:Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford|Pakenham, Frank]] (1972). ''Peace by ordeal: an account, from first-hand sources of the negotiation and signature of the Anglo-Irish Treaty 1921''. Sidgwick and Jackson. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-283-97908-8|978-0-283-97908-8]]</bdi>.</ref> === Go amogelwa le go tlhomamisiwa === Kwa kopanong ya kitsiso ya Balfour ya ngwaga wa 1936, lefatshe la United Kingdom ga mmogo le a mangwe a le a rteletseng pele, a ne a dumalana gore a ikemetse a le mo bogosing jwa Britain, a lekana ka maemo, go sena le le kwa tlase ga a mangwe ka gope, mme a kopantswe ke go nna boikanyego mo koroneng, ebile a kopantswe e le maloko a lekgotla la mafatshe a selekane. Lefoko la bolekane le ne la amogelwa semmuso go tlhalosa lekgotla le.<ref>''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=uyqepNdgUWkC&pg=PA297&redir_esc=y Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism]''. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. 1991. pp. 297–298. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-313-26257-9|<bdi>978-0-313-26257-9</bdi>.]]</ref> Dintlha tse tsa botsalano di ne tsa dirwa semmuso ke molao wa Westminster wa 1931, o o neng o ama Canada go sa tlhoke go tlhomamisiwa, mme mafatshe a  [[Australia|Australia,]] New Zealand le Newfoundland one a ne a tshwanelwa ke go tlhomamisa molao gore o dirisiwe. Lefatshe la Newfoundland le ne la seka la tlhomamisa molao ka ntlha ya mathata a itsholelo le letlhoko la go thusiwa ka tsa madi go tswa kwa London, le ne la amogela go seegelwa fa thoko ga go ipusa ga lone ka ngwaga wa 1934, mme go puso e ne ya boela mo taolong ya London. Lefatshe la Newfoundland morago le ne la kopana le la Canada go nna kgaolo ya lone ya bo lesome ka ngwaga wa 1949.<ref>Webb, Jeff A. (January 2003)[https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/politics/commission-government.php . "The Commission of Government, 1934–1949"]. ''Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141220171931/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/law/commission_gov.html Archived] from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Mafatshe a Australia le New Zealand a ne a tlhomamisa molao ka ngwaga wa 1942 le 1947 ka go tlhomagana ga one.<ref>''[https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/cth/consol_act/sowaa1942379/ Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1942]'' (Cth)</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110522195038/http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/ParlSupport/ResearchPapers/9/1/8/00PLLawRP07041-New-Zealand-sovereignty-1857-1907-1947-or-1987.htm "New Zealand Sovereignty: 1857, 1907, 1947, or 1987?".] ''New Zealand Parliament''. August 2007. Archived from [http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/ParlSupport/ResearchPapers/9/1/8/00PLLawRP07041-New-Zealand-sovereignty-1857-1907-1947-or-1987.htm the original] on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Le ntswa lefatshe la Union of South Africa e ne e se lengwe la mafatshe a a busiwang a a neng a tlhoka go amogela molao wa Westminster gore o diragadiwe, melao e le mebedi - wa seemo sa bokopano wa 1934, le wa ditiro tsa babusi ba bogosi wa 1934 e ne ya fetisiwa ke palamente ya Aforika Borwa go tlhomamisa maemo a Aforika Borwa jaaka lefatshe le le ikemetseng, le go golaganya molao wa Westminster le wa [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>Dugard, John; Bethlehem, Daniel; Plessis, Max du; Katz, Anton (2005). ''International law: a South African perspective''. Lansdowne, South Africa: Juta. p. 19. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7021-7121-5|<bdi>978-0-7021-7121-5</bdi>.]]</ref> === Ntwa ya bobedi ya mafatshe === [[Setshwantsho:British Commonwealth and allies.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho go tswa kwa ntweng ya bobedi ya mafatshe, se supa masole a Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, kolone ya borwa jwa Rhodesia, Aforika Borwa le Imperial India.]] Mafatshe a selekane le bogosi a ne a amega mo dintlheng tsotlhe tsa ntwa ya bobedi ya mafatshe. Leano la go katisa bakgweetis ba difofane la mafatshe a selekane le ne la tlhamelwa bakgweetsa difofabe go tswa mo bogosing le mo mafatsheng a bo a eteletseng pele, le tlhamilwe ke dipuso tsa United Kingdom, Canada. Australia le New Zealand.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100928040820/http://www.airmuseum.ca:80/bcatp.html "History of the Creation of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan".] ''Commonwealth Air Training Plan Museum''. 28 September 2010. Archived from [https://airmuseum.ca/about/the-bcatp/bcatp-facilities-in-manitoba/ the original] on 28 September 2010. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a6651218.shtml "Fact File : Commonwealth and Allied Forces]". ''BBC''. Retrieved 23 July 2025</ref> Mephato ya masole go tswa Australia, Britain, British Raj le New Zealand e ne e le bontlha bongwe jwa sesole sa Britain sa mafatshe a selekane mo ntweng ya Japan morago ga ntwa ya bobedi ya mafatshe.<ref>[https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/atwar/bcof "British Commonwealth Occupation Force 1945–52"]. ''Australian War Memorial''. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> === Kgololesego mo bokoloneng le go ipusa === Morago ga ntwa ya bobedi ya mafatshe e sena go fela, bogosi jwa Britain bo ne jwa phatlaladiwa ka bonya ka bonya. Bontsi jwa dintlha tsa bone di ne di ikemetse e le mafatshe a a ipusang, ebile e le maloko a mafatshe a selekane. Go setse mafatshe a le lesome le bone a a ipusang kwa dikgaolong tse di kwa moseja tse di nang le kamano ya sepolotikk le la United Kingdom. Ka Moranang ngwaga wa 1949, morago ga kitsiso ya London, lefoko "British" le ne la ntshiwa mo setlhogong sa mafatshe a selekane go supa phetogo.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20090804012916/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/34493/187367/celebrating_thecommonwealth_60/ Celebrating thecommonwealth@60]". Commonwealth Secretariat. 26 April 2009. Archived from [https://www.thecommonwealth.org/Internal/191086/34493/187367/celebrating_thecommonwealth_60 the original] on 4 August 2009. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Burma le Aden ke tsone fela dikgaolo tse e neng e le dikolone taa Britain ka nako ya ntwa tse di neng tsa seka tsa tsena mo mafatsheng a selekane ka boipuso. Mafatshe a a neng a sireleditswe ke Britain a a neng a seka a nna maloko a selekane ke la Egypt (le le tsereng boipuso ka 1922), la Iraq (ka 1932), Transjordan (1946), Palestine (le bontlha jwa lone e nnileng kgaolo ya Israel ka 1948), Sudan (1956), British Somaliland (le le neng la agisana le la pele la Italian Somaliland ka ngwaga wa 1960 go tlhama Somali Republic), Kuwait(1961), Bahrain (1971), Oman (1971), Qatar (1971) le United Arab Emirates (1971).<ref>Chris Cook and John Paxton, ''Commonwealth Political Facts'' (Macmillan, 1978).</ref> Lekgotla la mafatshe a selekane morago ga ntwa le ne la neelwa thomo e ntsha ke Queen Elizabeth wa bobedi ka letsatsi la kgaso ya gagwe ya matsalo a ga Keresete ka ngwaga wa 1953, e mo go yone a neng a  bonelapele mafatshe a selekane e le selo se sesha, se agetswe mo moweng wa setho wa botsalano, boikanyego, le keletso ya kgololesego le kagiso.<ref>Brian Harrison, ''Seeking a Role: The United Kingdom 1951—1970'' (Oxford UP, 2009), p. 102.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, ledi la Britain le ne le le bokoa mo le neng le ka se bereke ntle le la United States. Fa godimo ga foo, tatlhegelo ya tshireletso le maemo a madi e ne ya digela tlase ponelopele ya ga Joseph Chamberlain ya lekgolo la dingwaga di le masome a mabedi ya bogosi jwa mafatshe bo bo ka kopanyang go busiwa, tshireletsego e e tshwanang, le kgolo ya batho. Fa godimo ga moo, seabe sa United Kingdom mo dikgannyeng tsa mafatshe se ne sa fokotsega, bogolo jang ka ditatlhegelo tsa mafatshe a India le Singapore.<ref>Harrison, ''Seeking a Role: The United Kingdom 1951—1970'', p. 103.</ref>Fa mapolotiki a Britain pele a ne a solofela gore lekgotla la mafatshe a selekane le tlaa babalela thotloetso ya Britain, ba ne ba latlhegelwa ke tshepho, go bua Krishnan Srinivasan. Tshepho ya Pele e ne ya nyelela ka bonya ka bonya fa melao ya Britain e sekasekiwa kwa dikopanong tsa mafatshe a selekane. Maikutlo a batho mo setshabeng a ne a nna a tshwenyego fa batho ba mafatshe a e seng a batho basweu ba tshologela koo ka bontsi. <ref>Krishnan Srinivasan, "Nobody's Commonwealth? The Commonwealth in Britain's post-imperial adjustment." ''Commonwealth & Comparative Politics'' 44.2 (2006): 257–269.</ref> Mafoko mafatshe a selekane a masha le ne la simolola go dirisiwa kwa United Kingdom (bogolo jang ka ngwaga wa 1960 go tsena 1970) go supa mafatshe a a gololesegileng mo bosheng, go remeletswe thata mo go a eseng a batho basweu le a a santseng a tlhabologa. A ne a dirisiwa thata mo dingangisanong mabapi le go fuduga go tswa kwa mafatsheng ao.<ref>Hennessy, Patrick (5 June 2004). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1463759/Blair-calls-for-quotas-on-immigrants-from-New-Commonwealth.html "Blair calls for quotas on immigrants from 'New Commonwealth'"]. [[:en:The_Daily_Telegraph|''The Telegraph''.]] Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20180819203727/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1463759/Blair-calls-for-quotas-on-immigrants-from-New-Commonwealth.html the original] on 19 August 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Lefatshe la United Kingdom le dikolone tsa pele ga 1945 a ne a itsiwe jaaka mafatshe a selekane a magologolo<ref>de Villiers, Marq (1998). "Review of ''The Ambiguous Champion: Canada and South Africa in the Trudeau and Mulroney Years'' by Linda Freeman". ''International Journal''. '''53''' (4): 783–785 : 783.</ref> kgotsa mafatshe a selekane a batho basweu.<ref>Merriman, J.; Winter, J., eds. (2006). "British Empire". ''Europe since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction''. Vol. 1. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 45. [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-684-31366-5|978-0-684-31366-5]]</bdi>. [[:en:OCLC#OCLC|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/title/68221208 68221208].</ref> === Mafatshe a selekane a a itlhophetseng mmusi === Ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le lesome le borobabobedi, ngwaga wa 1949, lefatshe la Ireland le ne la nna la puso ya tlhopho go ya ka molao wa 1948 wa Irish Republic of Ireland; ka go dira jalo, le ne la tlogela lekgotla la mafatshe a selekane semmuso.<ref>[[:en:John_Henry_Whyte|Whyte, J. H]]. (2010). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=PfFXarIhGqEC&pg=PA277&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Economic crisis and political cold war, 1949-57"]. In Hill, J. R. (ed.). ''A New History of Ireland''. Vol. VII: Ireland, 1921–84. Oxford University Press. p. 277 (footnote 20). [[:en:ISBN|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-161559-7|978-0-19-161559-7]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230215111753/https://books.google.com/books?id=PfFXarIhGqEC&pg=PA277 Archived] from the original on 15 February 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2025. <q>The Republic of Ireland Act, 1948...repealed the external relations act, and provided for the declaration of a republic, which came into force on 18 Apr. 1949, when Ireland left the commonwealth.</q></ref> Fa lefatshe la Ireland le ise ke le tseye karolo mo lekgotleng la mafatshe a selekane fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1930, dikolone tse dingwe di ne di eletsa go ikemela mme di sa latlhegelwe ke kamano ya tsone le mafatshe a selekane. Kgang e, go ne ga buisanwa ka yone ka Moranang ngwaga wa 1949 kwa bokopanong jwa mafatshe a selekane jwa botona. Ka fa tlase ga kitsiso ya London, jaaka e kwadilwe ke V.K Krishna Menon, lefatshe la India le ne la dumalana, fa le nna le le ikemetseng ka Firikgong ngwaga wa 1950, le tla sala le ntse le le mo lekgotleng la mafatshe a selekane la bo la amogela go etelelwa pele ke la Britain e le sesupo sa tshwaragano e e gololesegoleng ya mafatshe a e leng maloko a lone, ka jalo le nne tlhogo ya mafatshe a selekane. Fa a utlwa se, Kgosi George wa botlhano o ne a bolelela Menon: "ka jalo, ke nnile jalo".<ref>"[https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/staying-loyal-to-george/ Staying loyal to George]". ''Indian Express''. 19 February 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110515213125/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/staying-loyal-to-george/581730/0 Archived] from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Mafatshe a mangwe a selekane a a neng a ikemela a ne a itlhophela go tswa mo lekgotleng, fa a mangwe jaaka Guyana, Mauritius le Dominica a santse a le maloko.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-54174794 "Barbados to remove Queen Elizabeth as head of state"]. ''BBC News''. 16 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210311160055/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-54174794 Archived] from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Tona o o tlhomamisitsweng wa lefatshe la India o ne a supa ka Motsheganong a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 1949, morago ga a sena go tlhomamisiwa ka nako ya dingangisano tsa mafelo a botlhopelo are: Re tsena mo lekgotleng la mafatshe a selekane ka gore re akanya gore go tlaa se solegela molemo le dilo dingwe mo lefatsheng tse re eletsang go di dira. Mafatshe a mangwe a selekane a batla re sala mo go one ka akanya gore go dira jalo go tlaa ba solegela molemo. Go tlgaloganyesega gore ke bomolemo jwa mafatshe a a mo lekgotleng, ka jalo a a tsenelela. Ka mo go tshwanang, go papamaditswe gore lefatshe lengwe le lengwe le gololesegile go tsaya tsela ya lone; e ka nna gore ba ka tsamaya, nako tse dingwe ba kgaogane le lekgotla...mme fela kwa ntla ga go ntsha tse di bosula ka lekgotla, go botoka go nna le kamano e e ka dirang molemo mo lefatsheng le eseng go le senya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131109080743/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol8p1.htm "Constituent Assembly Debates] (India)". [[:en:Delhi|Delhi]]: [[:en:Parliament_of_India|Parliament of India.]] 16 May 1949. Archived from [http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/vol8p1.htm the original] on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2025.</ref> Kitsiso ya London gantsi e bonwa e le go tshwaya tshimologo ya mafatshe a selekane a sesha. Morago ga lefatshe la India, mafatshe a mangwe a ne a ikemela, kgotsa a nna a a ipusang a na le babusi ba one. Fa mafatshe a mangwe a ne a sala ka go busiwa ke mmusi wa United Kingdom, magosi a one a ne a nna ka mo go faroganeng, mme a tloga a ikemela. Bogosi bo bonwa e le seemo sa molao se se farologaneng, le ntswa  motho o o tshwanang e le ene kgosi ya mafatshe ao otlhe.<ref>[[:en:Vernon_Bogdanor|Bogdanor, Vernon]] (12 February 1998), ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=mN6SzMefot4C&q=%22overseas+realms%22&pg=PA289&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=%22overseas%20realms%22&f=false The Monarchy and the Constitution]'', New York: Oxford University Press, p. 288, ISBN 978-0-19-829334-7</ref><ref>High Commissioner in United Kingdom (24 November 1952). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20111123050633/http://www.international.gc.ca/department/history-histoire/dcer/details-en.asp?intRefid=3498 Royal Style and Titles]". ''Documents on Canadian External Relations > Royal Style and Titles''. '''18''' (2). DEA/50121-B-40. Archived from [https://www.international.gc.ca/department/history-histoire/dcer/details-en.asp?intRefid=3498 the origina]l on 23 November 2011.</ref><ref>Smy, William A. (2008). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118205522/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb1372/is_1_46/ai_n29437278/ Royal titles and styles]". ''The Loyalist Gazette''. '''XLVI''' (1). Archived from [https://www.markmonitor.com/domain-inquiry/ the original] on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 23 July 2025</ref><ref>Toporoski, Richard. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20080209220704/http://www.monarchist.ca/mc/invisibl.htm The Invisible Crown]". Monarchy Canada. Archived from [http://www.monarchist.ca/mc/invisibl.htm the original] on 9 February 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2025</ref> === Dikakanyetso tsa go akaretsa Europe === Ka nako e mafatshe a Germany, France, ga mmogo le Belgium, Italy, Luxemburg le Netherlands a ne a loga maano a se kwa morago e neng ya nna Europian Union, mafatshe a Aforika a a sa tswang go tsaya boipuso a ne a tsenelela lekgotla la mafatshe a selekane, dikakanyo tse dišha di ne di dirwa go itsa United Kingdom go ema a le nosi mo dikgannyeng tsa itsholelo. Kgwebo ya Britain le maaftshe a selekane e ne e le tona gane, go feta kgwebo ya lone le Europe. Ka ngwaga wa 1956 le 1957, puso ya Britain mo ketelelong pele ya ga tona Anthony Eden, ba ne ba tswa ka kakanyetso ya go tlhama go gweba mahala ga mafatshe a Europe fa ba ntse ba sireletsa maemo a mafatshe a selekane.<ref>Gowland, David; et al. (2009). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=dvt-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA46&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Britain and European Integration Since 1945: On the Sidelines]''. Routledge. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-134-35452-8</ref><ref>James R. V. Ellison, "Perfidious Albion? Britain, Plan G and European Integration, 1955–1956", ''Contemporary British History'' (1996) 10#4 pp 1–34.</ref><ref>Martin Schaad, "Plan G – A "Counterblast"? British Policy Towards the Messina Countries, 1956", ''Contemporary European History'' (1998) 7#1 pp 39–60</ref> == Metswedi == a5is9dlkz3u9k65glznp7lrd4d6oh8t 0 10823 51148 49604 2026-06-20T01:35:54Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51148 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Yunibesiti ya KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN;''' Zulu: INyuvesi yakwaZulu-Natali, Afrikaans: Universiteit van KwaZulu-Natal) ke yunibesiti ya patlisiso ya setšhaba e e nang le dikhampase di le tlhano mo porofenseng ya KwaZulu-Natal mo Aforika Borwa. E ne ya tlhomiwa ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong a rogwa ngwaga wa 2004 morago ga go kopanngwa ga Yunibesiti ya Natal le Yunibesiti ya Durban-Westville. == Hisetori == Yunibesiti e,e ne ya tlhamiwa ka go kopanngwa ga Yunibesiti ya Natala le Yunibesiti ya Durban-Westville, ka ngwaga wa 2004. Khansele ya Yunibesiti ya Natal e ne ya tsena mo tlhophong ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2002 go neelana ka maemo a Motlatsa-Mokhanselara le Mogokgo wa Yunibesiti go moitsesaense wa tsa bongaka yo o itsegeng lefatshe ka bophara le Tona [[wa maloba wa Khansele ya Patlisiso ya Boitekanelo]] ebong [[Porofesa Malegapuru Makgoba]], yo o tsereng marapo ka kgwedi ya Lwetse a rogwa ngwaga wa 2002. O ne a neelwa maikarabelo a go etelela Yunibesiti ya Natal pele ga e kopanya le Yunibesiti ya Durban-Westville. Ka go dira jalo, o ne a nna Motlatsa-Mokhanselara wa bofelo wa Yunibesiti ya Natal. Moporofesara Makgoba o ne a tlhatlhama [[Moporofesara Brenda Gourley]] jaaka Motlatsa-Mokhanselara. Morago ga go dira ka nako e khutshwane jaaka Motlatsa-Mokanseliri wa nakwana ka ngwaga wa 2004 o ne a tlhophiwa semmuso jaaka Motlatsa-Mokhanselara wa kwa tshimologong wa Yunibesiti e e sa tswang go kopanngwa ya KwaZulu-Natal. O ne a tlhomiwa ka moletlo ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mararo ngwaga wa 2005. Moporofesara Makgoba o ne a bereka dingwaga di le tlhano mo ofising mme a tlogela tiro ka ngwaga wa 2015. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa a ntse a busa go ne ga nna le dikgotlhang. Go bolelwa fa Makgoba a tlhodile "setso sa bobaba" kwa yunibesithing e e feleletseng ka go huduga ga barutegi ba maemo a lefatshe. O ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Dr Albert van Jaarsveld]]. [[Setshwantsho:UKZNPclocktower.jpg|right|thumb|Tora e kgolo ya tshupanako ya Old Main Building, mo khamphaseng ya Pietermaritzburg'''.''']] === Yunibesithi ya Natala ===   === Yunibesithi ya Durban-Westville === [[Setshwantsho:UKZN.jpg|thumb|Kago ya Tora ya Segopotso mo Khamphaseng ya Kholetšhe ya Howard ko Durban, ko Yunibesithi ya KwaZulu-Natal]] == Thulaganyo == Yunibesiti e laolwa go ya ka Molao wa Thutogodimo wa 1997, mme molaotheo wa yone o tlhalosiwa mo Molaong wa Yunibesiti ya KwaZulu-Natal, jaaka o amogetswe semmuso ke Tona ya Thuto ya Aforikaborwa le Palamente ya Aforikaborwa. Mo molaong, yunibesiti e na le: * mokanseliri (tlhogo ya setlhogo). Mokanseliri wa ntlha wa yunibesiti e e kopantsweng e ne e le Ngaka [[Frene Ginwala]] . Ga jaana ke Moatlhodi Mogolo Mogoeng Mogoeng. * motlatsamokanseliri (tlhogo ya khuduthamaga) * batlatsa-mokanseliri ba le babedi kgotsa go feta ( ga jaanong jaana go na le ba le batlhano ba ba tletseng mme a le mongwe wa nakwana ) <ref name="exec">{{Cite web|title=Executive of the University of KwaZulu-Natal|last=University of KwaZulu-Natal|url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za//aboutus/ukznexec.asp|access-date=9 February 2016|archive-date=18 December 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218104650/http://www.ukzn.ac.za/aboutus/ukznexec.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> * mokwadisi (yo o nang le maikarabelo a go kwadisa baithuti) * khansele (e e rwalang maikarabelo a puso ya setheo ka kakaretso) * senate (e e nang le maikarabelo a go laola ditiro tsa thuto) * lekgotla le le emelang baithuti (le le nang le maikarabelo a go emela baithuti) * foramo ya setheo (e e nang le maikarabelo a go gakolola lekgotla ka ga merero ya ditshwanelo tsa botho le tekatekano) * dikholetšhe (ga jaana di na le di le nne) * ba akatemi le badiri ba kemonokeng * baithuti * kokoano (baithuti botlhe ba nako e e fetileng le ba bangwe) == Popego ya thuto == Yunibesithi e na le dikholetšhe di le nne, tse pedi di na le dikolo di le mmalwa. Mo maemong a mantsi, karolwana e anamisiwa mo khamphaseng e le nngwe kgotsa go feta ya yunibesiti. Ka sekai, Khemeseteri e mo dikhamphaseng tsa Pietermaritzburg le tsa Westville ka bobedi. === Kholetšhe ya Temothuo, Boenjenere le Saense === * Sekolo sa Boenjenere (tsotlhe) * Sekolo sa Disaense tsa Temothuo, Lefatshe le Tikologo * Sekolo sa Khemeseteri le Fisikisi * Sekolo sa Disaense tsa Botshelo * [[Dipalo|Dipalo tsa]] Sekolo, Dipalopalo le Saense ya Dikhomphiutha === Kholetšhe ya Disaense tsa Pholo<ref>https://ww2.chs.ukzn.ac.za/</ref> === * Sekolo sa Kalafi ya Kalafi * Sekolo sa Kalafi ya Laboratori le Maranyane a Kalafi * Sekolo sa Maranyane a Pholo * Sekolo sa Booki le Pholo ya Setšhaba === Kholetšhe ya Dithuto tsa Botho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ww2.coh.ukzn.ac.za/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-07-24 |archive-date=2025-07-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250729200504/https://ww2.coh.ukzn.ac.za/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === * Sekolo sa Bodumedi, Filosofi le Dibuka tsa Bogologolo * Sekolo sa Botsweretshi * Sekolo sa Maranyane a Loago * Sekolo sa Disaense Tse di Dirisiwang tsa Batho * Sekolo sa Dithuto tsa Tikologo e e Agilweng le Tlhabololo * Sekolo sa Thuto === Kholetšhe ya Molao le Dithuto tsa Botsamaisi<ref>https://ww1.clms.ukzn.ac.za/</ref> === * Sekolo sa Dialogane sa Kgwebo le Boeteledipele (Mokgatlho wa Botsamaisi jwa Kgwebo ka tirisanommogo le Hampton College Durban) * Sekolo sa Bobalamatlotlo, Ikonomi le Matlole * Sekolo sa Molao * Sekolo sa Botsamaisi, IT le Puso Setheo se se agilweng ka tirisanommogo le [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] ke [[KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV]], e e butsweng ka ngwaga wa 2012. E mo khamphaseng ya [[Sekolo sa Kalafi sa ga Nelson Mandela.]] == Dikhamphase == Yunibesithi e kgaogantswe go ya ka thutafatshe ka dikhamphase di le tlhano tse di farologaneng, <ref name="ukzncampuses">{{Cite web|title=About UKZN|url=http://www.ukzn.ac.za/About-UKZN/ukzn_campuses.aspx|website=UKZN|access-date=26 August 2011}}</ref> tse di tsamaelanang ka bontlhabongwe le dikarolo tsa yone tsa botsamaisi le tsa thuto. Dikhamphase tse pedi (Edgewood le Sekolo sa Kalafi) di na le dikarolo tse di rileng tsa thuto (thuto le bongaka ka go latelana), mme dikarolo tse di setseng tsa thuto tsa yunibesiti di akaretsa Kholetšhe ya Howard, Pietermaritzburg le Westville. === Khamphase ya Pietermaritzburg === [[Setshwantsho:UKZN_Pietmaritzburg.jpg|thumb|Khamphase ya UKZN ya Petermaritzburg]] Khamphase ya Pietermaritzburg e ne e le lefelo le legolo la Yunibesiti ya Natal le e e neng e le teng pele ga yone, e leng Kholetšhe ya Yunibesithi ya Natal, go fitlha go bulwa khamphase ya Kholetšhe ya Howard kwa Durban. Khamphase eno e na le kago ya bogologolo go gaisa tsotlhe ya yunibesiti, e leng Old Main Building, e e agilweng ka ngwaga wa 1912. Khamphase ya Pietermaritzburg e naya ditlankana sa dikirii tse dintsi tsa thuto mme ke yone fela khamphase ya UKZN e e nayang katiso ya temothuo, thutabomodimo le botsweretshi jo bontle. === Khamphase ya Kholetšhe ya Howard === Khamphase ya Howard College e ne e le lefelo la Durban la Yunibesithi ya Natal go fitlha ka 2004 fa di kopana. E mo Motlhabeng wa Berea . mme e mo lefelong le le atlegileng la tshomarelo ya tikologo. Khamphase e ne ya bulwa ka 1931, e sena go neelwa ke Rre TB Davis, go tlotla morwawe, e bong Howard Davis, yo o neng a tlhokafala kwa Ntweng ya Somme ka nako ya ntwa ya ntlha ya lefatshe. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ukzn.ac.za/about-ukzn/campuses/|title=Campuses|website=University of KwaZulu-Natal|access-date=1 March 2018}}</ref> Howard College e neelana ka didikirii tse di farologaneng, ka lefapha le legolo la boenjenere le le nang le boenjenere jwa Motlakase le boenjenere jwa Dikhemikhale. Kholetšhe ya Dithuto tsa Batho le Kholetšhe ya Molao le Botsamaisi le tsone di mo khamphaseng eno mmogo le Senthara ya Botsweretshi jwa Boitlhamedi (CCA) le Elizabeth Sneddon Theatre e e tshwarang ngwaga le ngwaga Moletlo wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Difilimi wa Durban (DIFF), Poko ya Aforika, Nako ya Mokwadi le moletlo wa tantshe ya boitlhamedi wa JOMBA! e e tlhagisiwang ke khamphani ya FlatFoot Dance. === Khamphase ya Westville === [[Setshwantsho:UKZN_westville.jpg|thumb|Khamphase ya UKZN Westville]] Khamphase ya Westville e mo lefelong la tshomarelo ya tikologo kwa Westville, dikhilometara di ka nna 10 kwa bophirima jwa Durban. E ne e le lefelo la Yunibesiti ya Durban-Westville pele ga go kopanngwa ka 2004. Westville e na le dikirii tse di farologaneng, mme go ise go ye kae e tla bo e le legae le legolo la dithuto tsa kgwebo le tsa tsamaiso === Sekolo sa bongaka sa ga Nelson Mandela === Khamphase ya sekolo sa bongaka sa Nelson Mandela, e e neng ya tlhamiwa ka 1950, kwa tshimologong e ne e le karolo e e kgaogantsweng ka lotso ya Yunibesithi ya Natal e e neng e beetswe baithuti ba e seng basweu. E ne e le nngwe ya ditheo di le mmalwa tsa thuto e kgolwane tse di neng di letleletswe semolao go tlamela ka thuto go batho bantsho ka fa tlase ga tlhaolele . E ne ya fiwa leina la ga Nelson Mandela ka segopotso sa yona sa dingwaga di le masome a matlhano (50)ka ngwaga wa 2000. Sekolo sa bongaka ke legae la Maranyane a boitekanelo. === Khamphase ya Edgewood === Khamphase ya Edgewood e kwa Pinetown, e e ka nnang dikilometara di le masome a mabedi (20) kwa bophirima jwa Durban. Moago o kwa tshimologong o ne o bopa Edgewood College of Education, e e neng ya tsenngwa mo Yunibesithing ya Natal ka 2001. Edgewood ke lefelo la konokono la yunibesiti ya Faculty of Education, Moeteledipele wa ga jaana ke Prof Thabo, Moeteledipele yo monnye mo Afrika Borwa le mmatlisisi wa NRF yo o nang le maduo a P. == Porofaele ya moithuti == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Go ikwadisa ga Baithuti kwa Yunibesithing ya Kwa-Zulu Natal go ya ka Lotso ! Setlhopha sa Semorafe ! Nomoro ya 2016 ! Diphesente tsa 2016 ! Nomoro ya 2018 ! Diphesente tsa 2018 |- | Moaforika | 33 292 | 71,56% | 37 530 | 77,83% |- | Moindia | 10 176 | 21,87% | 8 313 | 17,24% |- | Tshweu | 885 | 4.05% | 300 | 2.70% |- | Mmala | 968 | 2,08% | 877 | 1.82% |- | Nngwe | 199 | 0.43% | 200 | 0.41% |- | Palogotlhe | 46 520 | 100% | 48 220 | 100% |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Badiri ba Yunibesiti ya Kwa-Zulu ka Lotso (2016) ! Lebelo ! Nomore ! Peresente |- | Moaforika | 2 289 | 55% |- | Mmala | 137 | 3.32% |- | Moindia | 1,028 | 21,71% |- | Tshweu | 505 | 12,13% |- | Palogotlhe | 4 161 | 100% |} == Botshelo jwa moithuti == UKZN ke legae la mekgatlho e e farologaneng ya baithuti jaaka mekgatlho ya dingangisano, ditlelabo tsa difilimi, mekgatlho ya poko, le ditlhopha tsa metshameko. Setlhopha sa Rakabi sa UKZN - UKZN Impi - se nna le seabe mo kgaisanong ya bosetšhaba ya rakabi ya Sejana sa Diyunibesithi, mme Mokgatlho wa Dingangisano wa Howard College o gaisana mo Dikgaisanong tsa Dingangisano tsa Diyunibesiti tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ukzn.ac.za/news/ukzn-graduate-a-judge-at-international-debating-championships/|title=ukzn-graduate-a-judge-at-international-debating-championships|access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> mmogo le [[South African National Universities Debating Championships|Dikgaisano tsa Dingangisano tsa Diyunibesiti tsa Bosetšhaba tsa Aforikaborwa]] . UKZN e tlhomile Senthara ya Botsweretshi jwa Boitlhamedi (CCA) ka 1996. CCA ke mokgatlho wa botsweretshi o o nang le dirutwa tse dintsi o o mo teng ga Sekolo sa Botsweretshi kwa Yunibesithing ya KwaZulu-Natal. E gokaganya meletlo e le mmalwa e e tlotlegang ya ngwaga le ngwaga, e naya baithuti phitlhelelo ya dipolatefomo tsa boitlhamedi le ditshono tse di kgatlhang tse di ikaeletseng go tlhabolola ditalente tsa bone tsa botaki. Meletlo e mene e megolo e e rulagantsweng ke UKZN CCA ke: * [[Time of the Writer|Nako ya Mokwadi]] Moletlo wa UKZN Time of the Writer o laletsa bakwadi ba boditšhabatšhaba go nna le seabe mo dipuisanong tse di farologaneng tsa tafole e e sediko, dipuiso, diseminara, go thankgololwa ga dibuka, le mananeo a tlhabololo a a jaaka dikokoano tsa go tlhabana botlhale, ditlelase tsa botswerere le dipuo tsa tlhotlheletso. Moletlo ono o ntse o tsweletse fa e sa le ka 1998. * Moletlo wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Difilimi wa Durban E ne ya tshwarwa la ntlha ka 1979, Moletlo wa Boditšhabatšhaba wa Difilimi wa Durban ke mongwe wa meletlo ya bogologolo le e megolo ya difilimi mo borwa jwa Aforika. * [[JOMBA! Contemporary Dance Experience|JOMBA! Maitemogelo a Motantsho wa Segompieno]] * Maboko Afrika [[UKZN Poetry Africa]] e simolotse ka 1997, mme e na le dipontsho, dipuiso, le go thankgololwa ga dibuka go tswa go baboki bangwe . == Dikokelwana tsa molao == UKZN e na le dikokelwana tse pedi tsa molao, e nngwe kwa [[Pietermaritzburg]] le e nngwe kwa [[Durban]], tse di nayang thuso ya mahala ya semolao go bao ba sa kgoneng go e duelela. Ka go dira tiro e e kgethegileng mo dikarolong tsa HIV le AIDS, Molao wa Lelapa, le dikgang tsa tshiamiso ya loago, dikokelwana tsa molao tsa UKZN di tsewa e le dingwe tsa ditleliniki tse di di gogang kwa pele tsa molao mo nageng. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://law.ukzn.ac.za/LawClinic/|title=UKZN Law Clinic|access-date=24 April 2018|archive-date=25 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425114507/http://law.ukzn.ac.za/LawClinic/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dikokelwana tsa molao gape di tlamela ka tikologo ya katiso e e mosola ya baithuti ba molao ba ngwaga wa bofelo, ba ba gakololwang ke dingaka tse di nang le maitemogelo tsa kokelo. Dikokelwana ka bobedi gape di dirisana ka tlhamalalo le baagi go ralala porofense ka maiteko a ka metlha a go fitlhelela batho, moo baithuti le dingaka tsa semolao ba tsayang loeto go ya kwa baaging ba ba farologaneng ba ba kgakala, ba ba humanegileng ka maikaelelo a go tlamela ka phitlhelelo ya tshiamiso go bao ba leng mo kotsing thata. == Metswedi ==   [[Karolo:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0c3nv6yo5bumjqtabj8jpg28nby76tm 0 10832 51149 41348 2026-06-20T01:47:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51149 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox settlement|name=Zeerust|image_skyline=A street in Zeerust.jpg|image_caption=Church street in Zeerust|pushpin_map=South Africa North West#South Africa|coordinates={{coord|25|32|S|26|05|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}}|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[South Africa]]|subdivision_type1=Province|subdivision_name1=[[North West (South African province)|North West]]|subdivision_type2=District|subdivision_name2=[[Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality|Ngaka Modiri Molema]]|subdivision_type3=Municipality|subdivision_name3=[[Ramotshere Moiloa Local Municipality|Ramotshere Moiloa]]|subdivision_type4=Main Place|established_title=Established|leader_title=Councillor|area_footnotes=<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/669036 |title=Main Place Zeerust |work=Census 2011 |access-date=2025-07-24 |archive-date=2024-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228153138/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/669036 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|area_total_km2=57.09|population_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|population_total=9093|population_as_of=2011|population_density_km2=auto <!-- demographics (section 1) -->|demographics_type1=Racial makeup (2011)|demographics1_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics1_title1=[[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]]|demographics1_info1=57.2%|demographics1_title2=[[White South African|White]]|demographics1_info2=25.3%|demographics1_title3=[[Coloureds|Coloured]]|demographics1_info3=8.5%|demographics1_title4=[[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian (South Africa)|Asian]]|demographics1_info4=7.4%|demographics1_title5=Other|demographics1_info5=1.6% <!-- demographics (section 2) -->|demographics_type2=[[First language]]s (2011)|demographics2_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics2_title1=[[Afrikaans]]|demographics2_info1=35.1%|demographics2_title2=[[Tswana language|Tswana]]|demographics2_info2=32.1%|demographics2_title3=[[South African English|English]]|demographics2_info3=16.5%|demographics2_title4=[[Northern Sotho language|Northern Sotho]]|demographics2_info4=1.2%|demographics2_title5=Other|demographics2_info5=15.1% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information -->|timezone1=[[South African Standard Time|SAST]]|utc_offset1=+2|postal_code_type=[[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street)|postal_code=2865|postal2_code_type=[[Post-office box|PO box]]|postal2_code=2865|area_code_type=[[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]]|area_code=018}}'''Zeerust''' ke toropo ya kgwebo e e mo kgaolong ya [[Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality|Ngaka Modiri Molema]] mo [[Bokone Bophirima|Porofenseng ya Bokone Bophirima]], [[Aforika Borwa|Aforikaborwa]] . E mo mokgatšheng wa Marico, e ka nna dikilometara di le 240 kwa [[bokonebophirima]] jwa [[Johannesburg]] . E mo tsela fefong ya N4, tsela e kgolo e e golaganyang [[Aforika Borwa]] le [[Botswana]]. Go na le dipolase tse dikgolo tsa dikgomo mo lefelong leno, mmogo le dipolase tsa korong, [[Mmidi/Mmopo|mmid]]<nowiki/>i, motsoko le maungo a dinamune. Gape go na le meepo ya fluorite<ref>[[:en:Fluorite|Fluorite - Wikipedia]]</ref> le chromite<ref>[[:en:Chromite|Chromite - Wikipedia]]</ref> mo tikologong eno. Bojanala le jone ke intaseteri e e tlhabologang. Ke motse-setoropo wa '''[[Bahurutshe]]''', baagi ba lefelo lena ba bua '''[[Setswana]].'''<ref>[[:en:Tswana_language|Tswana language - Wikipedia]]</ref> Merafe ya Zeerust (Sefatlane) * Bahurutshe * Coloured * Basweu (Boer) [[Karolo:Coordinates on Wikidata]] <references group="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tswana_language" responsive="" /> r8o54li547dhqjizkybifj5otbj8uj4 0 10969 51143 42908 2026-06-20T00:11:56Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thato batshegi'''(o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya moranang e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1988) Ke motshameki wa mabole wa Diolimpiki go tsa kwa [[Botswana|Botswana.]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120216045245/http://m2006.thecgf.com/Participants/Participants?ID=109334 Thato Batshegi] 2006 Commonwealth Games profile</ref> Batshegi one a gaisana kwa dikgaisanong tsa [[:en:2nd_AIBA_African_2008_Olympic_Qualifying_Tournament|2nd AIBA African 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament]] le tsa [[:en:Boxing_at_the_2006_Commonwealth_Games|Commonwealth Games tsa ngwaga wa 2006.]] Kwa kgaisanong ya ngwaga wa 2008 Olympic qualifying tournament,Batshegi one a latlhegelwa mo motshametsing wa [[kenya]] ebong [[:en:Nick_Okoth|Nick Okoth]] mo mmetsheng wa gauta,mme one a fetela kwa pele go ya gaisana mo [[:en:Boxing_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics|2008 Summer Olympics]].<ref>[http://www.aiba.org/en-US/news/ozqsp/newsId/581/news.aspx 2nd AIBA African Olympic Boxing Qualifying Tournament]</ref>Kwa diolimpiking tsa ngwaga wa 2008, one a fenngwa 4:14 ke [[:en:Nikoloz_Izoria|Nikoloz Izoria]] wa lefatshe la Georgia. {{Infobox boxer (amateur)|nationality={{BOT}}|name=Thato Batshegi|weight_class=Feather Weight|club=Dinotshi Boxing CLUB|birth_date=April 27, 1988 (age 37)|weight=57 kg (126 lb)|height=1.76 m (5 ft 9 in)}} == Metswedi == <references /> == Tse Di kwa Ntle == * [[boxrec:691843|Thato Batshegi]] kwa [[:en:BoxRec|BoxRex]] * [https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/thato-batshegi Thato Batshegi] kwa [[:en:International_Olympic_Committee|Olympics.com]] * [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/112958 Thato Batshegi] kwa [[:en:Olympedia|Olympedia]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220101/https://thecgf.com/results/athletes/42968 Thato Batshegi] kwa [[:en:Commonwealth_Games_Federation|CommonWealth Games Federation]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/1/http://melbourne2006.com.au/Participants/Participants?ID=109334 Thato Batshegi] kwa [[:en:Melbourne_2006_Commonwealth_Games|Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games]] 1cabqjjaz9c3db1es43jjn1qdyak9ih 0 11000 51079 46834 2026-06-19T14:37:18Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moteane John Melamu''' ke mokwadi le [[morutegi]] go tswa kwa Botswana. Ke moporofesa kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|mmadikolo]]. == Botshelo jwa gagwe le thuto == Melamu o ne a simolola go kgatlhegela go kwala le go bua dikgang, mme seo sa dira gore a simolole go kwala le go ithuta.<ref>[https://www.ub.bw/ "University of Botswana Staff Profiles"]. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe == Melamu ke moporofesara kwa mmadikolo mo Botswana, koo a rutang dibuka le go kwala. O ne a ruta bakwadi ba Botswana ba ba sa tswang go tlhagelela mme a thusa mo patlisisong ya dibuka tsa seaforika, a bua thata ka go kwala dikgang tse dikhutshwane le go tlhalosa dikgang tsa loago kwa Botswana.<ref>Melamu, Moteane John (1997). ''Living and Partly Living''. Heinemann. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-86867-059-7|1-86867-059-7]]</bdi>.</ref> == Ditiro == Ditiro tsa Melamu ke: * Children of the Twilight (1992), a collection of short stories examining post-colonial Botswanan society.<ref>Melamu, Moteane John (1992). ''Children of the Twilight''. Heinemann. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-86543-678-9|0-86543-678-9]]</bdi>.</ref> * Living and Partly Living (1997), tsweletso ya dipatlisiso tsa gagwe tsa dikgang tsa loago le tsa botho ka dipampiri tse dikhutshwane.<ref>Melamu, Moteane John (1997). ''Living and Partly Living''. Heinemann. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-86867-059-7|<bdi>1-86867-059-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Ditiro tsa gagwe di itsege ka go tswakanya mefuta ya ditlhamane tsa setso le ditlhogo tsa segompieno, tse di nayang temogo mo setsong sa Botswana le setšhaba. == Dithuso == Melamu o tsentse letsogo mo tlhabololong ya dibuka tsa Botswana jaaka mokwadi le jaaka moithuta-dithuto. Dithuto tsa gagwe le go nna mogakolodi wa gagwe di tlhotlheleditse kokomane ya bakwadi ba Botswana mme tiro ya gagwe e nopolwa gantsi mo dithutong tsa dibuka tsa Afrika Borwa. == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050111223327/http://www.ieb.co.za/Formal/Newsletters/issue12_AEAA.htm Brief mention from AEAA] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718102054/http://www.bookfinder.com/dir/i/Living_and_Partly_Living/1868670597/ Bookfinder] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051122211314/http://book.cnpeak.com/textbook/jueban/juebankawl3.htm Non-English site] == Metswedi == 6iis0oansiany5sshw2awoudm7fy25l 0 11126 51073 43972 2026-06-19T13:48:49Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mmusi le ba bangwe kgatlhanong le Ramantele le o mongwe''' ke tsheko ya [[kgotlatshekelo ya Botswana]] ya ngwaga wa 2012, e mo go yone basetsana ba le bararo e le batsalwa mmogo  ba neng ba lwantsha tshwanelo ya setlogo sa bone ya go ja boswa jwa lolwapa lwa bone mo molaong wa bojaboswa wa kgotla o o neng o baya kwa pele dikokomane tsa basimane.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131112071658/http://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/library/item/mmusi_and_others_v_ramantele "Mmusi and Others v Ramantele and Another"]. Southern Africa Litigation Centre. Archived from [https://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/library/item/mmusi_and_others_v_ramantele the original] on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-19924723 "Botswana women allowed to inherit"]. BBC News. 12 October 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105105213/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19924723 Archived] from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref> Kgotlatshekelo e ne ya atlhola gore melao e ga e tsamaisane le melaomotheo, e supa e le lantlha tshwanelo ya basadi ba [[Botswana]] go ja boswa jwa dithoto.<ref name=":1" /> == Tse di diragetseng pele == Ka ngwaga wa 2012, pharologanyo ya bong e ne e le kwa tlase ga seelo.<ref name=":2">Refentse Moyo (12 October 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121112015351/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hwHniUiWTvhdxdKAw5KaleZsM64w?docId=CNG.26e5a2027ea5d8023b27181d36bd2cef.171 "Botswana court rules women can inherit"]. Agence France-Presse. Archived from [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hwHniUiWTvhdxdKAw5KaleZsM64w?docId=CNG.26e5a2027ea5d8023b27181d36bd2cef.171 the original] on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref> Le bonwa e le sekai mo kgaolong, lefatshe le e ne e le legae la basadi ba borwa jwa Aforika ba ba nonofileng, ba akaretsa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente, molaodi ebile e ele moatlhodi [[Unity Dow]]. Le fa go ntse jalo, le laolwa gape ke tsamaiso ya molao e e gabedi e e akaretsa dikgotlatshekelo tsa puso le makgotla a setso, makgotla a setso gantsi a ne a fitlhelwa kwa magaeng. Makgotla a setso a ne a tshegeditse molao wa bojaboswa jwa borre.<ref name=":3">Aislinn Laing (12 October 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/botswana/9605346/Women-can-inherit-the-earth-rules-Botswana-judge.html "Women can inherit the earth rules Botswana judge"]. ''The Telegraph''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121013090418/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/botswana/9605346/Women-can-inherit-the-earth-rules-Botswana-judge.html Archived] from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref> Molao o wa lekgotla, wa morafe wa [[Bangwaketse]], o ne o laola gore lolwapa lwa motho o o tlhokafetseng, lo tshwanetse go beelwa gofejane wa mosimane. Dithoto tse dingwe di kgaoganngwe bana botlhe, go sa kgathalesege gore ke ba bong bofe.<ref name=":0" /> == Tsheko ya ga Mmusi == Ka ngwaga wa 2007, Edith Mmusi le batsalwa le ene ba basetsana, ba botlhe ba neng ba fetile dingwaga di le masome a marataro le botlhano, ba ne ba tsisa tsheko kgatlhanong le setlogolo sa bone Molefi Ramantele o a neng a a ja lolwapa lwa bone bojaboswa gaufi le [[Kanye]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Ka nako nngwe pele ga boswa jwa ga rraabone bo kgaoganngwa, monnaabone wa mosimane, a solofetse go amogela lolwapa lwa bone e le bojaboswa jaaka melao ya kgotla e bua, o ne a tsena mo tumalanong le motsalwaleene, rraagwe Molefi Ramantele, go mo neela lolwapa. Bobedi joo ba ne ba tlhokafala moragonyana ga loso lwa ga rraabo le pele ga boswa bo kgaoganngwa. Ramantele o ne a supa fa lolwapa e le lwa gagwe, are rraagwe o tshepisitswe lolwapa ka tumalano le gore lolwapa loo jaanong lo fetela kwa go ene, a leka go ntsha bokgaitsadie Mmusi ba ba neng ba nna mo lolwapeng loo ka nako e. Basadi ba ne ba nna kgatlhanong le go kobiwa mo, ba supa fa ba dueletse tlhokomelo ya lolwapa lo le go le atolosa.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Tsheko ya ngwaga wa 2097 e ne ya isiwa fa pele ga lekgotla, le le neng la dumalana le Ramantele. Morago ga gore ikuelo e retele, bomme ba ba ne ba isa tsheko e kwa kgotlatshekelong<ref name=":1" /> kwa e neng ya reediwa ke moatlhodi Key Dingake.<ref name=":3" /> Bomme ba ne ba engwe kgatklhanong ke mmueledi [[Athaliah Molokomme|Athalia Molokomme]]. A emetse puso ya Botswana, Molokomme o ne a supa fa le ntswa molao wa bojaboswa o kgetholola, setshaba se ne se ise se eme nokeng go emisiwa ga one.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Bomme ba ba ne ba enngwe nokeng ke Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC).<ref name=":3" /> Ka Phalane a le lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 2012, Dingake o ne a atlhola gore melao ya makgotla a setso e e bayang kwa pele borre mo bojabosweng, ga e dumalane le tsholofetso ya tekatekano ya bong mo molaomotheong wa Botswana, a neela lolwapa bomme ba. Mo katlholong ya gagwe, Dingake o ne a re," go lebega nako e tsile ya gore kgotlatshekelo e thuse go simolola lefatshe le lesha.K gethololo kgatllhanong le bong ga e tlhokafale mo setshabeng sa gompieno.<ref name=":3" /> Edith Mmusi o ne a re tsheko eo e nnile letsatsi le legolo mo go bone, fa Ramantele ene a rile ke letsatsi le le botlhoko are batho ba tshwanetse go ithuta go tlotla ngwao.<ref name=":1" /> Balweladitshwanelo tsa setho ba mo kgaolong ba ne ba na le tsholofelo ya gore tsheko e ga e ke e nne sekao fela mo Botswana, mme e tlaa nna sekai mo mafatsheng a a gautshwane a a nang le dikgang tse di tshwanang le e.<ref name=":3" />Lekgotla la Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa le supile tsheko e, e tsholeditse tekatekano ya bong.<ref>Richard Lee (12 October 2012). [https://allafrica.com/stories/201210121195.html "Botswana: Huge Boost for Women's Rights"]. Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa via allafrica.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121017010222/http://allafrica.com/stories/201210121195.html Archived] from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2012.</ref> Fa mogogi wa SACL a re katlholo e romela molaetsa o o nonofileng was gore basadi mo Botswana ba ka se tlhaolwe le gore go sotlega ga basadi ga go nna kwa tlase ga banna mo molaong wa Botswana go tsile bokhutlong.<ref>[https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/Report/96527/In-Brief-Botswana-court-rules-women-are-no-longer-second-class-citizens "In Brief: Botswana court rules women are no longer second-class citizens"]. Integrated Regional Information Networks. 12 October 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121014065538/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/96527/In-Brief-Botswana-court-rules-women-are-no-longer-second-class-citizens Archived] from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2025.</ref> == Go ya kwa pele == Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2022, Ramantele o ne a tlhalosa gore o tlaa ikuela ka katlholo e ya kgotlatshekelo.<ref>[https://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/cases/ongoing-cases/mmusi-and-another-v-ramantele-and-another/ "Botswana: Women's Inheritance Rights Under Customary Law".] Southern African Litigation Centre[https://web.archive.org/web/20130305013659/http://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/cases/ongoing-cases/mmusi-and-another-v-ramantele-and-another/ . Archived] from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 02 October 2025</ref> Ka Lwetse a le malatsi a mararo ngwaga wa 2013, kgotlatshekelo e ne ya ikuelo e ne ya tshegetsa tshwetso ya kgotlatshekelo e kgolo, ere molaomotheo o tlotlomatsa tekatekano fa pele ga molao, le go etelela pele malwapa ga basadi le go tsaya karolo le banna mo setshabeng go supa fa go sena se se gwetlhang go dirisa melao ya bogologolo e e kgatlhanong le ditsamaiso tsa gompieno.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250905161539/https://news.trust.org/item/20130904043025-btl5h "Botswana women win landmark right to inherit under customary law"]. Thomson Reuters Foundation News. Retrieved 02 October 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == qihtms0b4enei4x465yks6ucxxvpg6t 0 11203 51113 48446 2026-06-19T20:37:51Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51113 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Odibo''' ke motse o o kwa bokone jwa [[Namibia]] gaufi le molelwane wa [[Angola]] o o itsegeng ka thomo ya one ya Anglican ya St. Mary. Ke motse wa kgaolo ya botlhophi ya [[Oshikango]] kwa kgaolong ya [[Ohangwena]]. Odibo gape ke ofisikgolo ya kereke ya Anglican ya Namibia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140108103859/http://www.anglicanchurchsa.org/view.asp?pg=ocmd_org&s_scope=contacts&pgsub=diocese&menu=guided&strSearch0=fldOrganisation2&frmQuery0=Odibo&strIDArchdeaconry=90 "Archdeaconry of Odibo"]. [[:en:Anglican_Church_of_Southern_Africa|Anglican Church of Southern Africa]]. Archived from [https://www.anglicanchurchsa.org/view.asp?pg=ocmd_org&s_scope=contacts&pgsub=diocese&menu=guided&strSearch0=fldOrganisation2&frmQuery0=Odibo&strIDArchdeaconry=90&__cf_chl_rt_tk=QPQSM04JeI0QE3KKoee36JLzYpt5ELCoJi2bSlB7OJU-1759754208-1.0.1.1-tUBdx_CvqWGGKM_9_9C7P8QKFtxhrCI1wsBNW0_HlOo the original] on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 06 October 2025.</ref> Motse wa Odibo o kwa godimo ga sediba se segolo se se kwa tlase ga lefatshe. Go thubega ga dikago tsa mmu le matlapa go bakiwa ke se. Kgosana ya motse ke [[Charles Namoloh]], o eleng tona wa tsa kgaolo, matlo le tlhabololo.<ref>Shivute, Oswald (8 January 2014). [https://archive.ph/20140108094616/http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?id=7729&page_type=story_detail "Land cracks shock Odibo villagers"]. ''The Namibian''. p. 3. Archived from [https://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?id=7729&page_type=story_detail the original] on 06 October 2025.</ref> == Ditso == [[Setshwantsho:Odibo1929.PNG|thumb|Masole a ma Potokisi le Aforika Borwa kwa Odibo (1929)]] Thomo ya St Mary kwa Odibo e tlhamilwe ka Phatwe ngwaga wa 1924 ke [[George Tobias]], [[Nelson Fogarty]] le moruti White wa Anglican o a neng a na le tiro ya go tlhoma bodiredi jwa [[Ovamboland]].<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250907102207/http://historicalpapers-atom.wits.ac.za/ "Inventory: AB934 – George Wolfe Robert Tobias Papers 1882–1970"]. [[:en:University_of_the_Witwatersrand|University of the Witwatersrand.]] Retrieved 06 October 2025</ref> Setlhare se ba neng ba kampile kwa gos one pele ga ba simolola tiro gompieno se itsege jaaka setlhare sa Tobias.<ref name=":0" /> Bodiredi bo ne bo na le kereke, sepatela le sekolo, sekolo se segolwane le sekolo sa boruti. Sekolo sa St Mary se berekile go fitlhelela ka 1979 fa se tswalwa ke batsamaisa puso ba kolone ba [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>Shiremo, Shampapi (4 November 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120527150747/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?&articleid=41505 "Michael Hishikushitja: An effective and eloquent Parliamentarian of the National Council (1953–2001)"]. ''New Era''. Archived from [http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?&articleid=41505 the original] on 27 May 2012.</ref> Batho ba maemo ba akaretsa molweladitshwanelo [[James Kauluma]],<ref>[https://archive.ph/20130221091554/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?title=James_Kauluma:_A_warrior_for_justice_(1933_to_2007)&articleid=31730 James Kauluma: A warrior for justice (1933 to 2007)] ''New Era'', 12 February 2010</ref> leloko la khansele [[Michael Hishikushitja]],<ref>Shiremo, Shampapi (4 November 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120527150747/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?&articleid=41505 "Michael Hishikushitja: An effective and eloquent Parliamentarian of the National Council (1953–2001)"]. ''New Era''. Archived from the original on 27 May 2012.</ref> moeteledipele wa People's Liberation Army of Namibia [[Peter Mweshihange]],<ref>Sasman, Catherine (2 October 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331025747/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?title=Peter_Mweshihange:_Man_of_all_seasons_(1931_to_1998)&articleid=29551 "Peter Mweshihange: Man of all seasons (1931 to 1998)"]. ''New Era''. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012.</ref> mopalamente wa Ovamboland [[Peter Kalangula]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231510/http://www.republikein.com.na/politiek-en-nasionale/laaste-eer-by-kalangula-se-graf.63594.php "Laaste eer by Kalangula se graf"] [Last Honour at Kalangula's Grave]. ''[[:en:Republikein|Die Republikein]]''. 3 March 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 06 October 2025</ref> le tona wa tsa mafatshe a sele [[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah,]] ba tsene sekolo se.<ref>Hopwood, Graham. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110611174934/http://www.nid.org.na/view_book_entry.php?book_id=128 "Who's Who, entry for Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah"]. Namibia Institute for Democracy. Archived from [https://www.nid.org.na/404-error the original] on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 06 October 2025.</ref> Ka nako ya [[ntwa ya boipuso ya Namibia]], sekolo sa boruti se ne sa thuntshiwa ka 1981 ke sesole sa Aforika Borwa.<ref>Hovey, Gail (1982). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20111130023357/http://kora.matrix.msu.edu/files/50/304/32-130-F33-84-32-130-F33-84-al.sff.document.af000201.pdf Namibia's stolen wealth]'' (PDF). The Africa Fund. p. 13. Archived from [http://kora.matrix.msu.edu/files/50/304/32-130-F33-84-32-130-F33-84-al.sff.document.af000201.pdf the original] (PDF) on 30 November 2011.</ref> == Thuto == Go na le dikolo di le pedi mo motseng o, sa St. Mary;s Odibo High School, le sa Odibo Combined School.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140108123122/http://www.dev.azafrica.com/arc/data/ohangwena_schools.php "Ohangwena Schools"]. Association of Regional Councils in the Republic of Namibia. Archived from [http://www.dev.azafrica.com/arc/data/ohangwena_schools.php the original] on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 06 October 2025.</ref> Go na gape le lefelo la botaki la kereke ya Lutere, le le tlhamilweng ke mongwe wa bataki ba Namibia o o itsegeng thata<ref>Clewing, Ulrich. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140108103958/http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?1141 "Uneasy memories".] culturebase.net. Archived from [http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?1141 the original] on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 06 October 2025.</ref> [[John Muafangelo,]] ka dingwaga tsa 1970.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235552/http://www.lifewithart.com/artists/john-muafangejo.html "John Ndevasia Muafangejo (1943–1987)".] lifewithart.com. Retrieved 16 October 2025.</ref> == Batho == Barwa le bana ba basetsana ba motse o ba akaretsa: * [[Hidipo Hamutenya]], moeteledipele wa pele wa kganetso<ref>Hopwood, Graham. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120217135409/http://www.nid.org.na/view_book_entry.php?book_id=53 "Who's Who, entry for Hamutenya, Hidipo – Swapo"]. ''Guide to Namibian Politics''. Namibia Institute of Democracy (NID). Archived from [https://www.nid.org.na/404-error the original] on 20 December 2012. Retrieved 06 October 2025.</ref> * [[Charles Namoloh]], tona wa tsa tshireletso<ref>[https://www.nid.org.na/404-error Hopwood, Graham. Guide to Namibian Politics, 2007 edition. Namibia Institute for Democracy, Windhoe]k, 2007 Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine</ref> == Metswedi == 3gc7te3pw8yr3kk6f68nok5etoqrm1r 0 11248 51077 43085 2026-06-19T14:30:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Katjikuru Katjiuongu'''a (o o tshotsweng ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa 1942 a tlhokafala ka Mopitlo a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2011) e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa [[Namibia]], tona mo pusong ya nakwana ya phetogo, leloko la [[palamente ya Namibia.]] == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana, thuto le go tshaba == Katjiuongua o tsene sekolo se sebotlana kwa [[Aminus]], go tswa ka 1956 go tsena 1959 o ne a tsena kwa Swedish Confederation of Labour College kwa [[Bechuanaland]] (kwa e leng [[Botswana]] gompieno). Ditiro tsa gagwe tsa sepolotiki di ne di tsweletse ka nako e le nngwe le dithuto tsa gagwe. Morago ga go aloga, o ne a tshaba, a ya go bereka kwa South West African National Union (SWANU) kwa [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]]. Go tswa ka 1961 go tsena 1962 o ne a ithutela bobega dikgang kwa Magdeburg, kwa botlhaba jwa Germany mo thusong ya madi ya SWANU.<ref>Nunuhe, Magreth (9 March 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331025311/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=37719 "Moses Katjiuongua is no more"]. ''New Era''. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2025.</ref> Katjiuongua o ne a kopana le Mao Zedong mo loetong go ya [[China]] morago ga 1963. Go tswa foo o ne a boela kwa [[Tanzania]], gape go bereka kwa ofising ya SWANU. Katjioungua gape o ne a na le BA mo sepolotiking le MA mo go tsa mafatshe, itsholelo le popego go tswa kwa [[Stockholm University]] e a e boneng a le o loetong gareng ga 1798 le 1980. O ne a tswelela a dira master's degree mo public administration kwa Carleton University kwa [[Ottawa]] [[Ontario]], [[Canada]].<ref name=":0">Sasman, Catherine (9 March 2011). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722234645/http://www.namibian.com.na/news/full-story/archive/2011/march/article/katjiuongua-dies/ Katjiuongua dies]". ''The Namibian''. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 8 October 2025</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Alan_Rake|Rake, Alan]] (1992). ''Who's Who in Africa: Leaders for the 1990s''. Metuchen, N.J., London: The Scarecrow Press INC</ref> == Go boela Namibia == Ka ngwaga wa 1982, Katjiuongua o ne a boela Namibia a nna tautona wa SWANU. Mo maemong ao, o ne a etelela pele setlhopha sa SWANU go ya bokopnaong jwa diphathi ka Lwetse 1983, mme phathi ya gagwe e ne ya kgaogana mo potsong ya boemedi. Bokopano jo bo neng bo biditswe ke ba baganetsi bo ne jwa mo golola mo maemong le ba ba mo emang nokeng mo komiting ya legare ya 1984. Se se ne sa nyenyafatsa seriti sa phathi.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Motsheganong a le lesome ngwaga wa 1985, o ne athapiwa go nna tona wa babereki, le botsogo mo palamenteng ya nakwana ya phetogo. O ne a emela ditlhopho tsa 1989 tsa pele ga boipuso e le moemedi wa National Patriotic Front (NPF) phathi e a neng a e tlhamile, e ne e le ene fela leloko la phathi eo le le fentseng ditlhopho. Mo ditlhophong tsa 1994 o ne a simolola Democratic Coalition of Namibia, e tlhatlhama NPF, a fenya gape e le ene fela wa phathi eo o o fentseng. Mo ditlhophong tsa 1999, DCN e ne ya retelelwa ke go fenya setilo. Katjiuongua o ne a phatlalatsa phathi ka 2003.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Katjiuongua o ne a nyetse Rebecca Matjituavi. Ba ne ba na le bana ba le bane.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == au6dfm1vkeqjfnl0kx13a5v0r0e8v91 0 11253 51115 44461 2026-06-19T20:55:40Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Park Rynie''' ke toropo e nnye [[:en:Resort_town|ya mafelo a boikhutso]] mo [[:en:South_Coast_(KwaZulu-Natal)|Lebopong la Borwa]] la [[:en:KwaZulu-Natal|KwaZulu-Natal]] mo [[:en:South_Africa|Aforika]] [[:en:South_Africa|Borwa]]. E tlhomilwe ka 1857 mme gongwe e biditswe ka Renetta (yo o bidiwang Rynie) Hoets, mosadi wa mongwe wa John Phillip Hoffman, molekane mo femeng ya Nosworthy & Co. e e rekileng polase ya ntlha go tlhabololwa. Go ne go na le [[:en:Whale|seteišene sa go tshwara maruarua]] fano se se agilweng ka nako ya [[:en:World_War_I|Ntwa ya Lefatshe I,]] Park Rynie Whales Ltd. Go ne ga agiwa gape lefelo la go thuba makhubu, Rocky Bar Pier le lefelo la go kotama. [[:en:Indian_South_Africans|MaAforika Borwa a Maindia]] ke setlhopha se le sengwe fela se segolo sa baagi kwa Park Rynie. Selo se segolo se se gogelang toropo eno ke mabopo a lewatle a a sa tlwaelegang. Di na le boleng jo bo kgatlhang jwa thutafatshe le jwa hisitori. == Thutafatshe == Park Rynie e mo bogareng jwa [[:en:Durban|Durban]] le Port Shepstone, mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le 63 kwa borwabophirima jwa Durban le dikilometara di le 63 kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa [[:en:Port_Shepstone|Port Shepstone]]. Metse e e mabapi le yone e akaretsa [[:en:Scottburgh|Scottburgh]] kwa bokone, [[:en:Pennington,_South_Africa|Pennington]] kwa borwa, le [[:en:Umzinto|Umzinto]], e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 8 kwa bophirima. == Dipalangwa == === Ditsela === Park Rynie e bapile le tsela ya lebopo ya [[:en:R102_(South_Africa)|R102]], e e golaganyang kwa bokone go ya kwa [[:en:Scottburgh|Scottburgh]] le [[:en:Umkomaas|Umkomaas]] le kwa borwa go ya kwa [[:en:Pennington,_South_Africa|Pennington]] le [[:en:Hibberdene|Hibberdene]]. Tsela ya [[:en:R612_(South_Africa)|R612]] e golaganya Park Rynie le [[:en:Umzinto|Umzinto]] le [[:en:Ixopo|Ixopo]] kwa bophirima mme e neelana ka phitlhelelo ya [[:en:N2_freeway|tsela e e gololesegileng ya N2]] (e e yang kwa [[Durban]] le [[:en:Port_Shepstone|Port Shepstone]]), e e kgabaganyang kwa bophirima. == Metswedi == [https://web.archive.org/web/20250221125250/https://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/561011004 Sub Place Park Rynie".] ''Census 2011'' 8jw2sxfknhixdr5tlcayifyxt631e9g 0 11357 51144 43727 2026-06-20T00:14:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Thebe Phetogo|birth_date=1993|known for=Painting, sculpture, installation; [[blackbody]] series|education=BA Media Studies, [[University of Botswana]]|birth_place=[[Serowe]], [[Botswana]]}} '''Thebe Phetogo''' (o tshotswe ka 1993 kwa [[Serowe]], [[Botswana]]) ke motaki wa ditshwantsho wa Botswana yo o dirang go kgabaganya botaki jwa go taka, go [[betla]] le go [[tsenya ditshwantsho]]. Ditiro tsa gagwe di botsolotsa boitshupo jwa motho ka namana le jwa setlhopha, dikanelo tsa hisitori le kemedi ya pono ya mebele ya Bantsho ka tiriso ya boitshimololedi ya didirisiwa, bontle jwa senotlolo sa chroma le dikinane. Tiro ya botaki ya ga Phetogo e tswelela go nna maatla a a matlhagatlhaga le a a nang le tlhotlheletso mo lefatsheng le le fetogang la [[botaki jwa segompieno jwa Aforika]]. == Thuto == O amogetse [[Dipoloma]] ya Morago ga Dikerii ya [[Botsweretshi]] ka (2017) le [[Masetase ya Botsweretshi]] (2019) go tswa kwa [[Sekolong sa Botsweretshi sa Michaelis]] sa [[Yunibesiti ya kapa|Yunibesithi ya Motsekapa]]. Phetogo gape o na le dikirii ya [[BA]] ya [[Dithuto tsa Bobegakgang]] kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithing ya Botswana]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.sakhileandme.com/ Thebe Phetogo - Bio & Works".] ''Sakhile&Me''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.arakcollection.com/artists/thebe-phetogo "Thebe Phetogo | Artists | Arak Collection".] ''www.arakcollection.com''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref> == Dithitokgang tsa Botsweretshi le Ditaele == Tiro ya ga Phetogo e kopanya ka botswerere diponagalo tsa naga tsa tshwantshetso le tse di sa tlhaloganyesegeng go sekaseka kago ya lotso, thutafatshe ya [[Setswana]], dikinane le dithulaganyo tsa kitso ya tlholego. O dira ditshwantsho tsa gagwe jaaka ditokomane tse di tshelang tsa “mofuta wa lefatshe” a dirisa didirisiwa tse di jaaka ditshwantsho tsa [[chroma key]] (sekerini se setala), puo ya pono ya metlae, dimmapa le ditsamaiso tsa hisitori tsa ditshwantsho go emela go tlhokafala le go nna teng<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://latitudes.online/catalog/category/view/s/default-category/id/2/ "Thebe Phetogo".] ''Latitudes Online''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref>. Motseletsele wa gagwe wa [[blackbody]] o o saennweng o dirisa [[kgopolo ya mmele]] ya monyedi yo o itekanetseng mme ka tshwantshetso o sekaseka go bonala, mebele ya Bantsho e e tlhomameng le go phatloga. Bontle jwa sekerini se setala bo tshwantshetsa sekerini sa go phimola le sebaka sa go nna<ref name=":2">Maur, Jean-Christophe (2023-09-01). [https://africanah.org/thebe-phetogo/ "Thebe Phetogo".] ''AFRICANAH.ORG''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref>. == Dipontsho le Diphitlhelelo tsa Tiro == === Dipontsho tsa fa ale nosi === # Ka Go Lowe at Guns & Rain, [[Johannesburg]] (March 2021)<ref>[https://www.artsy.net/show/guns-and-rain-ko-ga-lowe-solo-exhibition-by-thebe-phetogo "Ko ga Lowe: Solo Exhibition by Thebe Phetogo".] ''Artsy''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref><ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250916012518/https://www.inyourpocket.com/johannesburg/thebe-phetogo-ko-ga-lowe-at-guns-rain-art-gallery_26239e "Thebe Phetogo | Ko Ga Lowe at Guns & Rain art gallery | Johannesburg"]. ''www.inyourpocket.com''. Retrieved 2025-08-19</ref> # Blackbody Composites at ko Artspace, [[Lagos]] (Nov 2020)<ref>[https://ko-artspace.com/artists/30-thebe-phetogo/ "Thebe Phetogo".] ''kó''. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref> # Blackbody Rogues’ Gallery at Von Ammon Co, [[Washington, D.C.]] <ref name=":4">[https://www.mutualart.com/Artist/Thebe-Phetogo/E321ED61A688FB7A/Biography "Thebe Phetogo | Biography".] ''www.mutualart.com''. Retrieved 2025-08-19</ref> ==== Dipontsho tsa Setlhopha le mediro ==== # A Confluence, Unintended at 99 Loop Gallery, [[Cape Town]] (2020) # Fresh Voices at Guns & Rain, Johannesburg (2020) # Joburg Fringe at The Art Room, Johannesburg (2019) # The Botswana Pavilion – No Return, Gallery Momo, Cape Town (2019) # The Botswana Pavilion – Subjective Nationhood, [[Botswana National Museum]], [[Gaborone]] (2019) # Thapong Artist of the Year Exhibition, Gaborone (2016) # ABSA L’Atelier Top 100 Exhibition, Johannesburg (2016)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240304181127/https://www.emergingpaintinginvitational.com/thebe-phetogo.html "Thebe Phetogo - EPI 2020 Finalist".]''EMERGING PAINTING INVITATIONAL''. Archived from [https://www.emergingpaintinginvitational.com/thebe-phetogo.html the original] on 2024-03-04. Retrieved 2025-08-19.</ref> ==== Mafelo a Bonno le Dikanaledi ==== # Arthouse Foundation Residency, Lagos (2020). # Art Connection Africa Residency, Bag Factory, Johannesburg (2021). # Greatmore Studio Visiting Artist Residency, Cape Town ( 2021) # Cassirer Welz Award Finalist (2019) # Emerging Painting Invitational Prize Finalist (2020) # Founding Member of the Botswana Pavilion Artist Collective == Kamogelo le Tshwaelo e e Botlhokwa == Tiro ya ga Thebe Phetogo e tsewa jaaka go akanya gape go go tlhotlheletsang ga kemedi ya Bantsho, go dirisa bontle jwa chroma-key jaaka tshwantshiso. Batshwayadiphoso ba lemoga tiriso ya gagwe e e bopelokgale ya botala jo bo tlhapileng, jwa maitirelo le ditshwantsho tsa botaki tse di betlilweng go belaela go sokamisiwa ga hisitori, go sa bonale le dikinane. Pontsho ya gagwe ya ntlha ya solo ya US e ne ya tswelela go tiisa go nna teng ga gagwe go go golang ga boditšhabatšhaba.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> == Metswedi == 6f9e1qj024j0vohoglrufdkuvaywgj7 0 11448 51131 43652 2026-06-19T22:38:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51131 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saulspoort''' (e e itsegeng gape jaaka '''Moruleng''')<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250423193704/http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/664048 "Main Place Saulspoort".] ''Census 2011''</ref><ref>[http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZANWHC/2011/63.html "Pilane and Another v Pheto and Others".] Southern African Legal Information Institute. <q>Moruleng and Saulspoort mean the same village and the names are frequently used interchangeably…</q></ref>ke motsana o o mo Aforika Borwa, kwa leotong la bokone la [[Pilanesberg]], e e ka nnang dikilometara di le 65 kwa bokone jwa [[Rustenburg]]. E ne e bidiwa ka kgosi ya pele ya [[Bakgatla Clan name|baKgatla]], Tsheole, yo o neng a bidiwa Saulo ke baagi ba ntlha.<ref>Raper, Peter E. (1987). [https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n399/mode/2up ''Dictionary of Southern African Place Names''.] p. 399. Retrieved 28 August 2013 – via Internet Archive.</ref> E ne ya tlhongwa fa Henri Gonin, morongwa wa Switzerland yo o nang le [[:en:Dutch_Reformed_Church|Kereke ya Dutch Reformed]] e e neng e rerela morafe wa baKgatla, a ne a fudugela kwa polaseng ya Saulspoort, e e neng e le ya moporesidente wa moragonyana [[Paul Kruger]]; Kruger o ne a feleletsa a rekiseditse Gonin polase ka 1869.<ref>Daniel J. Theron (31 March 2014). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6GNOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA68 ''Faith, Hope and Determination''.] Author House. p. 68. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4918-3105-2|<bdi>978-1-4918-3105-2</bdi>.]]</ref>Ka 1895 baKgatla ba ne ba reka bontsi jwa Saulspoort mo go Gonin.<ref>Mbenga, Bernard; Morton, Fred (24 April 1997). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140903094124/http://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=174433700&DB=p "The Missionary as Land Broker".] ''South African Historical Journal'' (36). Africana Periodical Literature bibliographic database: 145–167. [[doi:10.1080/02582479708671273]]. Archived from [http://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=174433700&DB=p the original] on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2014.</ref> == Metswedi == h6xc6b4pbpq3fpdqfmpevn4dpw1rykl 0 11461 51093 49832 2026-06-19T19:30:55Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Ndaba Gaolathe|office=10th [[Vice-President of Botswana]]|image=File:Ndaba Gaolathe August 2025.jpg|caption=Gaolathe in 2025|predecessor=[[Slumber Tsogwane]]|president=[[Duma Boko]]|term_start=7 November 2024|office2=Vice President of the [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]|predecessor2=[[Dumelang Saleshando]]|party=[[Alliance for Progressives]]|office1=Minister of Finance|predecessor1=[[Peggy Serame]]|president1=[[Duma Boko]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1971|09|05}}|birth_place=[[Gaborone]], [[Botswana]]|otherparty=[[Umbrella for Democratic Change]]|alma_mater=[[George Washington University]]|education=[[George Washington University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BSc]])<br>[[The Wharton School]] ([[Master of Business Administration|MBA]])|honorific-prefix=[[Honour|His Honour]]|majority3=5,674 (41.07%)|office3=[[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Gaborone Bonnington South]]|predecessor3=Christian Greef|predecessor4=''constituency established''|successor4=[[Christian Ntuba Greef|Christian Greef]]|term_end4=28 August 2019|term_start1=11 November 2024|term_start2=20 May 2024|term_start3=7 November 2024|term_start4=28 October 2014|image_size=200px|occupation=Moitseanape wa itsholelo}} '''Ndaba Nkosinathi Gaolathe''' (o tshotswe ka Lwetse a le malatsi a matlhano ka 1972)<ref name=":1">Sejabosigo, Jeremiah (7 November 2024). [https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/83004 "Gaolathe is Vice President of Botswana"]. dailynews.gov.bw.[dead link]</ref><ref name=":0">Gaolathe, Ndaba. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250330040542/https://www.facebook.com/ndaba.gaolathe/about_contact_and_basic_info "Contact and Basic Info"]. ''www.facebook.com/''. Archived from [https://www.facebook.com/ndaba.gaolathe/about_contact_and_basic_info the original] on 30 March 2025. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> ke moitseanape wa itsholelo le lepolotiki la [[Botswana|Motswana]], ga jaana o direla jaaka [[Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana|Mothusa-Tautona wa Botswana]] le Tona ya tsa Madi go tloga ka Ngwanatsele a supa 2024, ka fa tlase ga ga [[Tautona wa Botswana|Tautona]] [[Duma Boko]]. Gaolathe ke moeteledipele wa lekoko la [[Alliance for Progressives]], e leng le lengwe la makoko a a mo teng ga lekoko le le busang la [[Umbrella for Democratic Change]] (UDC). Gape ke leloko le le tlhophilweng la [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba ya Botswana]] mo kgaolong ya botlhophi ya [[Gaborone Bonnington Borwa]] fa e sale ka [[ditlhopho tsa 2024]], e leng maemo a a kileng a nna mo go one go tloga ka 2014 go fitlha ka 2019. == Ka ga gagwe == === Botshelo jwa pele le thuto === Gaolathe o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Lwetse e le malatsi a matlhano ka 1972<ref name=":0" />^{[<nowiki/>[[motswedi o o botoka o tlhokega]]]} kwa Gaborone, morwa [[Baledzi Gaolathe]], yo o kileng a nna tona ya tsa madi mo Botswana go tloga ka 1999 go fitlha ka 2009 ka fa tlase ga ga tautona [[Festus Mogae]] le [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241117140319/https://www.sundaystandard.info/tribute-to-a-great-man-ndaba-gaolathe-pays-tribute-to-a-great-man-that-was-his-father-baledzi-gaolathe/ Tribute to a great man, Ndaba Gaolathe pays tribute to a great man that was his father Baledzi Gaolathe], ''Sunday Standard'', 9 June 2010</ref> O tsene sekolo se sebotlana sa Lesedi le se segolwane sa Gaborone pele a ithutela itsholelo kwa [[Yunibesithing ya George Washington]] kwa [[USA|Amerika]], mme a latelwa ke [[MBA]] ya tsa madi kwa [[Sekolong sa Wharton]] sa [[Yunibesithi ya Pennsylvania]], a wetsa dithuto tsa gagwe ka 1997.<ref>[https://za.linkedin.com/in/ndaba-gaolathe-a9649388 Ndaba Gaolathe, Linkedin]</ref> === Tiro ya sepolotiki === Kwa tshimologong e ne e le leloko la phathi ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP), e e neng e sale e busa boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1966, Gaolathe o ne a tlogela phathi eo ka nako ya botautona jwa ga Ian Khama, a inaakanya le lekoko la [[Botswana Movement for Democracy]] (BMD), le le neng le simolotswe ke [[Gomolemo Motswaledi]]. Gaolathe o ne a nna moeteledipele yo o tlhageletseng mo gare ga BMD mme a nna le seabe se segolo mo go tsenyeng lekoko mo kgolaganong ya Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC), gammogo le lekoko la [[Botswana National Front]] (BNF) le [[Botswana People's Party|Botswana People’s Party]] (BPP) e leng makoko a mangwe a mabedi a a kgatlhanong le BDP. Morago ga loso lwa tshoganyetso lwa ga Motswaledi mo kotsing ya koloi ka ngwaga wa 2014, Gaolathe o ne a mo tlhatlhama jaaka moeteledipele wa phathi mme a tsenelela ditlhopho jaaka mopati wa ga Duma Boko (moeteledipele wa BNF le UDC) mo [[ditlhophong setshaba]] tsa ngwaga oo, kwa UDC e neng ya tsaya maemo a bobedi. Gaolathe o ne a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la palamente ya Gaborone Bonnington Borwa.<ref name=":1" /> Ka Phukwi 2017, mo gare ga kgotlhang ya ka fa gare ga BMD, Gaolathe o ne a tlogela UDC mme a lelekwa mo lekokong, morago ga moo a tlhoma [[Alliance for Progressives]], lekoko le le gololesegileng mo setšhabeng le a ntseng a le etelela pele fa e sale ka nako eo. Gaolathe o ne a ema jaaka ntlhopheng wa botautona wa AP mo [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2019|ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019]], a nna mo maemong a boraro ka 5.12% ya ditalama tsa batho mme a latlhegelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa palamente.<ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/dcec-is-not-strong-enough-to-enforce-assets-law/ "'DCEC is not strong enough to enforce assets law'"]. ''Botswana Gazette''. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.thegazette.news/news/boko-says-ndaba-gaolathe-will-lose-2/ "Boko says Ndaba Gaolathe will lose"]. ''Botswana Gazette''. 10 October 2019. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> === Mothusa Tautona wa Botswana === Gaolathe o simolotse dipuisano tsa go dira kgolagano le lekoko la [[Botswana Congress Party]] (BCP), le le eteletsweng pele ke [[Dumelang Saleshando]], pele ga [[Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa ngwaga wa 2024|ditlhopho tsa 2024]]. Morago ga gore dipuisano tseo di palelwe, AP e ne ya swetsa go boela kwa UDC, mme Gaolathe a simolola gape tiro ya gagwe jaaka molaodi wa bobedi wa kopanelo, tota a nna mopati wa ga Boko wa de facto mo ditlhophong. Morago ga phenyo e e tlhomameng ya UDC, e e neng ya tshwaya go fenngwa ga ntlha ga BDP le go tlhatlogela ga ga Boko mo maemong a botautona, Gaolathe, yo o neng a boelwa ke setilo sa gagwe sa palamente, o ne a bonwa e le ene yo o nang le kgonagalo e kgolo ya go nna mothusa tautona mo kabineteng ya ga Boko. Ka Ngwanatsele a le gane, malatsi morago ga go nna mo setilong, Boko o ne a tlhomamisa Gaolathe jaaka mothusa tautona wa gagwe.<ref name=":1" /> == Ditso tsa ditlhopho == {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2014]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Electoral Commission - Botswana National Assembly, 2014 |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |access-date=2025-10-23 |archive-date=2022-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628124457/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/documents/2014%20General%20Elections%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% |- | |'''[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]]''' !'''Ndaba Gaolathe''' |'''6,646''' |'''57.49''' |- | |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] !Botsalo Ntuane |3,597 |31.11 |- | |[[Botswana Congress Party|BCP]] !Abbey Buti Chengeta |1.318 |11.40 |- ! colspan="3" |'''Molelwane wa phenyo''' |3,049 |26.38 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |11,595 |83.95% |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |13,811 | |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |11,561 |99.71 |- ! colspan="3" |Tse di sa balwang |34 |0.29 |- | ! colspan="5" |Phenyo ya UDC (setilo se sesha) |} {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2019]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Electoral Commission - Botswana National Assembly, 2019 |url=https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |access-date=2025-10-23 |archive-date=2024-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173526/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/Botswana_2019_General_Elections_REPORT(1).pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !±% |- | |'''[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]]''' ![[Christian Ntuba Greef]] |'''4,603''' |'''43.90''' |'''+12.79''' |- | |[[Alliance for Progressives|AP]] !Ndaba Gaolathe |3,461 |33.01 |−24.48 |- | |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] !Nelson Ramaotwana |2,367 |22.57 |−34.92 |- | |[[RAP]] !Gaolathe Mokgosi |29 |0.29 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Movement for Democracy|BMD]] !Jopa Osupile |26 |0.25 |''N/A'' |- ! colspan="3" |Molelwane wa phenyo |1,142 |10.89 | +17.08 |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |10,486 |99.65 |−0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |Ditalama tse di gannweng |37 |0.35 | +0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |10,523 |84.01 | +0.06 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |12,526 | | |- | | colspan="2" |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] '''e tsaya''' go tswa mo [[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] ![[Ba ba fetotseng tlhopho]] | +18.64 | |} {| class="wikitable" |+[[Ditlhopho tsa Kakaretso tsa 2024]]: Gaborone Bonnington Borwa<ref>[https://dailynews.gov.bw/news-detail/82880 "Gaolathe bags Gaborone Bonnington South"]. ''DailyNews''. 31 October 2024.</ref> ! colspan="2" |Lekoko !Ntlhopheng !Ditalama !% !±% |- | |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] !Ndaba Gaolathe |'''8,805''' |'''63.73''' |'''+41.16''' |- | |[[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] ![[Christian Ntuba Greef]] |3,131 |22.66 |−21.24 |- | |[[Botswana Congress Party|BCP]] !Montwedi Muzila |1,731 |12.53 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Patriotic Front|BPF]] !Evidence Ronald |83 |0.60 |''N/A'' |- | |[[Botswana Movement for Democracy|BMD]] !Thongbotho Morupisi |67 |0.48 | +0.23 |- ! colspan="3" |Molelwane wa phenyo |5,674 |41.07 |''N/A'' |- ! colspan="3" |Palogotlhe ya ditalama tse di siameng |13,817 |99.67 | +0.02 |- ! colspan="3" |Ditalama tse di gannweng |46 |0.33 |−0.02 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Ba ba tlhophileng]] |13,863 |80.85 |−3.16 |- ! colspan="3" |[[Batlhophi ba ba ikwadisitseng]] |17,147 | | |- | | colspan="2" |[[Umbrella for Democratic Change|UDC]] '''e tsaya''' mo go [[Botswana Democratic Party|BDP]] ![[Ba ba fetotseng tlhopho]] | +31.20 | |} == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] <references /> == Tsa kwa ntle == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250806180938/https://www.npc.gov.bw/mr-ndaba-nkosinathi-gaolathe Ndaba Nkosinathi Gaolathe | National Planning Board of Botswana] [[Karolo:Ditsalo tsa 1971]] [[Karolo:Maloko a Khuduthamaga ya Puso ya Botswana]] [[Karolo:Batho ba Gaborone]] [[Karolo:Bathusi ba Tautona]] 4u0hru0s4t5vmg1y7r56akxkqjd3hyi 0 11483 51122 43985 2026-06-19T21:40:20Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51122 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Segametsi Mogomotsi|image=<!-- just the name, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] -->|birth_date=1979/1980|death_date={{Death date|1994|11|06|df=yes}} (aged 14)|death cause=ritual murder|body discovered=[[Mochudi|Mochudi, Botswana]]|resting place coordinates=<!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} -->|education=Radikolo Community Junior Secondary School}} '''Segametsi Mogomotsi''' e ne e le mosetsana wa sekolo wa dingwaga tse di lesome le bone yo o neng a fitlhelwa a bolailwe ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele e tlhola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1994 kwa [[Mochudi]], [[Botswana]]. O ne a timela nako nngwe ka Ngwanatsele a le gatlhano, mme setopo sa gagwe se ne sa fitlhelwa se sa apara sepe e bile se kgaotswe ditokololo mo lefelong le le bulegileng mo mosong o o latelang. ''Dipheko'' ([[polao ya bongaka]]) e ne ya tsosa ditshupegetso tsa baithuti kwa sekoleng se segolwane sa morafe sa [[Radikolo]] (RCJSS), sekolo se a neng a tsena kwa go sone, gammogo le mo baaging ba Mochudi. Ditshupegetso tseo di ne tsa baka dikhuduego kwa [[Gaborone]] e e mabapi, mme tsa dira gore puso ya Botswana e bitse ba [[Scotland Yard]]. Ga go ope yo o latofaditsweng semmuso ka polao, mme go ne ga dirwa pego ya semmuso ya mapodisi, mme go tloga ka Phatwe 2012, maduo ga a ise a gololwe.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFPitse2011|Pitse 2011.]]</ref> Polao e ne ya tlhotlheletsa dikgang tse di mo pading ya ga [[Unity Dow]] ya ''Screaming of the Innocent'', ''Deadly Harvest'' ya masaitsiweng ya ga Michael Stanley, le padi ya ga [[Alexander McCall Smith]] ya ''[[The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency]].''<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFWheretowhento.com2012|Wheretowhento.com 2012]].</ref> == Kwa morago == Polao ya ditlhare ya motho yo o kgaolwang dikarolo tsa mmele go dira ''[[muti]]'' (moriana) e e dirisiwang mo meletlong go rotloetsa ditumalano tsa kgwebo kgotsa katlego e tlwaelesegile mo Botswana. Maborithane a ne a lebaganaa le dikgetse tsa polao ya dipheko fa lefatshe le ne le santse le le mo tshireletsong go tloga ka dingwaga tsa bo 1930,<ref name=":0">[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFBurke2000|Burke 2000]], p. 204.</ref> mme ramaranyane wa loago Cyprian Fisiy o biditse boloi "tlhobaelo e kgolo ya bontsi jwa merafe ya Aforika".<ref name=":1">[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGewald2002|Gewald 2002]], p. 40.</ref> Bana, bogolo jang baithuti ba ba rutegileng thata, ke bone ba ba tlhaselwang thata ke dipheko (dingwao) ka ntlha ya bokgoni jwa bone jo ba bo lemogiwang jwa go atlega.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFBurke2000|Burke 2000]], p. 213.</ref> Fa moithuta-loago Ørnulf Gulbrandsen a ne a botsolotsa Batswana ba le mmalwa, monna mongwe o ne a re, "ga re na tsela e nngwe ya go tlhalosa ka fa batho bangwe ba humang ka teng ka bonako fela".<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGulbrandsen2012|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p. 287.</ref> Bontsi jwa batho ba ba latofadiwang mo dikgetseng tsa dipolao tsa dipheko ba bolela gore ba ne ba tsenwa ke dipolao kgotsa ba ne ba tshosediwa ke ditlhaselo tsa isago ka ''boloi'' (witchcraft) mme ka jalo ba ne ba patelesega go bolaya.<ref name=":0" /> == Polao == Ka Ngwanatsele 1996, moithuta-loago Charlanne Burke o ne a botsolotsa moithuti mongwe yo o neng a sobokanya polao e jaana:<blockquote>Segametsi o ne a rekisa dinamune go kgobokanya madi a mosepele wa sekolo. Banna bangwe ba ne ba tla kwa go ene ba reka dinamune tsa gagwe tsotlhe, mme ba re ga ba na chenchi ka jalo ba tla ya go e tsaya ba bo ba boa. Ka jalo Segametsi a leta foo letsatsi lotlhe le go fitlha maitseboa, go fitlhela go batlile go nna lefifi. Ke fa banna bangwe ba tla ba mo tshwara ba mo tsenya letseta ... mo molomong, ba mo tswala matlho, ba mo bofa diatla. Ba mo isa kwa ntlong nngwe mo sekgweng .... Mmolai yo o ne a kgaola Segametsi ditokitoki, a tsenya matsogo le maoto ka dithotobolo go ya ka dikopo tsa borakgwebo ba ba neng ba laetse polao.<ref name=":1" /></blockquote> == Dipatlisiso == Rraagwe Segametsi wa bobedi o ne a tshwarwa morago ga go ipolela gore ene le borakgwebo ba bangwe ba selegae ke bone ba ba bolaileng mosetsana yo, mme o ne a busetsa polelo ya gagwe morago, a re boipolelo joo tota e ne e le pego e e dirilweng ke batho ba bangwe.<ref name=":2">[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGewald2002|Gewald 2002]], p. 41.</ref> Fa borakgwebo ba ba umakilweng ba ntse ba tshwarwa, ba ne ba gololwa, mme seo sa tsosa mokubukubu kwa Mochudi.<ref name=":2" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2008, Sekobye Mokgalo, mongwe wa borakgwebo ba ba umakilweng, o ne a kopa pusetso ya puso ka ntlha ya go bonwa molato ka tsela e e sa siamang.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFPitse2008|Pitse 2008]].</ref> Ka 2009, o ile a bona 10000,000 [[Botswana pula]] e le ditshenyehelo go tswa kwa mmusong. == Ditshupegetso == Ka Firikgong 1995, baithuti ba Sekolo se Segolwane sa Baagi sa Radikolo ba ne ba rulaganya mogwanto kwa ofising ya ga Molaodi wa Kgaolo kwa Mochudi go tsibogela "go lemoga [...] tirisanommogo ya puso mo tirong ya boloi".<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGewald2002|Gewald 2002]], p. 41–42.</ref> Mogwanto o ne wa gola go nna dikhuduego mme baipelaetsi ba ne ba fisa ntlo tsa babelaelwa.<ref name=":3">[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGewald2002|Gewald 2002]], p. 42.</ref> Dikhuduego di ne tsa tswelela kwa Gaborone go simolola ka Tlhakole a tlhola malatsi a le lesome le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1995.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFGulbrandsen2012|Gulbrandsen 2012]], p. 288.</ref> Setlhopha sa nakwana, Lekgotla la Ntwa ya Phetogo, se ne sa gatelela gore go nne le tshiamiso "ntle le go tshereganya ga [puso]."<ref name=":3" /> Setlhopha sa [[Special Support Group|Ditirelo tse di Kgethegileng]], e leng mapodise a a thibelang dikhuduego a [[Botswana Defence Force|Sesole sa Tshireletso sa Botswana]], se ne sa dirisa gase e e putsaputsisang dikeledi mo baipelaetsing mo kgaolong ya kgwebo e e fa gare fa baithuti kwa [[Mmadikolo wa Botswana|Yunibesithing ya Botswana]] ba ne ba tlhasela kopano e e neng e tsweletse ya [[Khudutlhamaga ya Botswana|Kokoano Bosetšhaba]] ya Botswana.<ref name=":3" /> Tautona [[Quett Masire]] o ntshitse pego fa a tsibogela ditshupegetso tseo:<blockquote>Ga re na go itshokela go tlhoka molao, go senngwa ga dithoto tsa setšhaba le tsa beng mmogo le maitsholo a a sa laolesegeng...Puso e tsere dikgato tse di gagametseng go fedisa ditiragalo tse di sa amogelesegeng tse, ka jalo ke laetse mapodisi le sesole go busetsa molao le tolamo. Ba ba tswelelang ka boitshwaro jo bo ntseng jalo ba tla ikotlhaa.<ref name=":4">[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFMolomo2001|Molomo 2001]], p. 46.</ref></blockquote>Bobedi ba ba neng ba dira dikhuduego le mapodisi ba ne ba gobala: baipelaetsi ba ba fetang lesome le botlhano ba ne ba alafelwa dintho tsa marumo a raba kwa Kokelong ya [[Deborah Relief Memorial]],<ref name=":4" /> mosimane yo monnye o ne a bolawa mme motho yo o neng a lebile o ne a swa ditokololo; bobedi e le marumo a raba a mapodisi.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFBurke2000|Burke 2000]], p. 210.</ref> Monna mongwe o ne a bolawa moragonyana ke mapodisi ka ntlha ya ditshupegetso tseo.<ref>[[:en:Murder_of_Segametsi_Mogomotsi#CITEREFTitlestad1996|Titlestad 1996]].</ref> Lekgotla la Banana la [[Botswana National Front]] le ne la kgala tsibogo ya puso mo dikhuduegong tseo, ya re sesole se ne se "sa tsamaisane le mokgwa wa puso ya batho ka batho mme se ka supa go tlhagelela ga puso ya sepodisi/sesole".<ref name=":4" /> == Tshedimosetso tse dingwe == * [[Lenaane la dipolao tse di sa rarabololwang (1980–1999)]] == Metswedi == <references /> === Dinopolo === * Burke, Charlanne (October 2000). "They Cut Segametsi into Parts: Ritual Murder, Youth, and the Politics of Knowledge in Botswana". Anthropological Quarterly. Youth and the Social Imagination in Africa, Part 2. 73 (4). The George Washington University Institute for Ethnographic Research: 204–214. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1353/anq.2000.0009|10.1353/anq.2000.0009]]. [[:en:S2CID_(identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144659328 144659328]. * Gewald, Jan-Bart (2002). Mazonde, Isaac (ed.). [http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/PULA/pula016001/pula016001007.pdf "EI Negro, el Niño, witchcraft and the absence of rain"] (PDF). Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies. El Negro and the Hottentot Venus: Issues of Repatriation. 13 (1). Gaborone: Research and Development Unit, University of Botswana: 37–51. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220511084223/http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/PULA/pula016001/pula016001007.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 11 May 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2012. * Gulbrandsen, Ørnulf (2012). The State and the Social: State Formation in Botswana and Its Pre-Colonial and Colonial Genealogies. Berghahn Books. p. 340. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/9780857452986|9780857452986]]. * Molomo, Mpho G. (Summer 2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121216201010/http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v5/v5i2a3.pdf "Civil-Military Relations in Botswana's Developmental State"] (PDF). African Studies Quarterly. 5 (2). Center for African Studies, University of Florida: 37–59. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2152-2448 2152-2448]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 December 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012. * Pitse, Reuben (26 October 2008). [http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=3922&GroupID=1 "Men wrongly accused of Segametsi's murder want to meet Khama"]. Sunday Standard. [https://archive.today/20120807061959/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=3922&GroupID=1 Archived] from the original on 7 August 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012. * Pitse, Reuben (24 March 2011). [http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=10305&GroupID=1 "One time prime suspect in Segametsi murder case dies"]. Sunday Standard. [https://archive.today/20120807062754/http://www.sundaystandard.info/article.php?NewsID=10305&GroupID=1 Archived] from the original on 7 August 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012. * Titlestad, Michael (January 1996). de Kock, Leon (ed.). [http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=11859&P_ForPrint=1 "Seeing things differently: Four years of teaching English in Botswana"]. SCRUTINY 2 - Issues in English Studies in Southern Africa. 1 (1–2). Unisa Press: 89–99. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/18125449608565866|10.1080/18125449608565866]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1812-5441 1812-5441]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130910062935/http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=11859&P_ForPrint=1 Archived] from the original on 7 August 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012. * Wheretowhento.com. [http://www.wheretowhento.com/babel-alexander-mccall-smith-8pm-april-12-2012-kleinhans "Babel - Alexander McCall Smith - 8PM - April 12, 2012 - Kleinhans"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120625020945/http://www.wheretowhento.com/babel-alexander-mccall-smith-8pm-april-12-2012-kleinhans Archived] from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012. s6799kw459jo7dpyzfrjrs5pixjb0sb 0 11491 51135 43851 2026-06-19T23:15:14Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seteišene sa Kgotletso ya Motlakase sa Morupule''' ke seteishene motlakase se sedirisang magala mo [[Botswana]]. E dira diperesente di ka nna masome a ferabobedi tsa motlakase o o dirwang mo lefatsheng.<ref name=":0">United Nations Climate Change Secretariat (2006). [https://unfccc.int/ttclear/misc_/StaticFiles/gnwoerk_static/events_workshops_WshpBonn/f17ba49cb4e04ab2acd029b8c54b68a2/7ee02bfa086d4862a0e607e53659f324.pdf "Morupule Power Station Generation Expansion Project Palapye, Botswana"] (PDF). New York City: [[:en:United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change|United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]]. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Lefelo == Seteišene se sa motlakase se gaufi le toropo ya [[Palapye]], mo [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Kgaolong ya]] [[Kgaolo ya Legare (Botswana)|Legare]], mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le makgolo mabedi le masome a supa (168 mi), ka tsela, kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa [[Gaborone]], motsemogolo wa Botswana.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Gaborone,+Botswana/Palapye,+Botswana/@-24.0680346,25.5271581,5.46z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x1ebb5b3c2ceea9bf:0x49a1769397ae11a1!2m2!1d25.9231471!2d-24.6282079!1m5!1m1!1s0x1eb0d374d98d8ec7:0x57c750543f3d64fb!2m2!1d27.1147095!2d-22.5514872!3e0 "Road Distance From Gaborone To Palapye"] (Map). ''[[:en:Google_Maps|Google Maps]]''. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ditekanyetso tsa thutafatshe tsa Seteišene sa Kgotletso ya Motlakase sa Morupule ke 22°31'12.0"S, 27°02'12.0"E (Bophara:-22.520000; Bophara:27.036667).<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/22%C2%B031'12.0%22S+27%C2%B002'12.0%22E/@-22.3915757,27.0110315,9.96z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x0!8m2!3d-22.52!4d27.0366667 "Location of Morupule Thermal Power Station"] (Map). ''[[:en:Google_Maps|Google Maps]]''. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Kakaretso == === Morupule A === Seteišene sa Motlakase sa Morupule A se na le ditlhopha di le nne tse di tsidifadiwang ka mowa tsa dimekawate di le masome mararo le boraro tse di dirisang magala, mme magala a tlamelwa go tswa kwa [[Morupule Colliery]] e e mabapi, e e leng ya [[Debswana]]. Palogotlhe ya bokgoni jwa go tlhagisa motlakase ke dimekawate di le lekgolo le masome a mararo le bobedi. Kago ya seteišene se se leng teng e simolotse ka 1982 mme ya wediwa ka 1989.<ref>Botswana Power Corporation (2 December 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203004956/http://www.bpc.bw/Pages/generation_projects.aspx "Generation at Morupule Thermal Power Station"]. Gaborone: [[:en:Botswana_Power_Corporation|Botswana Power Corporation]]. Archived from [http://www.bpc.bw/Pages/generation_projects.aspx the original] (Archived from the original on 3 December 2013) on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, [[puso ya Botswana]] e ne ya bona madi a go tlhabolola le go tsosolosa Morupule A. Konteraka e ne ya gapiwa ke ba [[Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction]] ka tlhwatlhwa ya konteraka ya BWP:2.5 billion (US$204 million ka madi a 2016). Tlhabololo e ne e solofetswe go tswelela go fitlha ka 2018. Fa tlhabololo e wediwa Morupule A e solofetswe go dira ka diperesente di le masome a ferabobedi tsa go nna teng ga setlhopha dingwaga tse dingwe gape di le lesome le botlhano (go fitlha ka 2033).<ref>Babalwa Bungane (15 December 2015). [https://www.esi-africa.com/top-stories/botswana-doosan-heavy-industries-to-upgrade-morupule-a-power-plant/ "Botswana: Doosan Heavy Industries to upgrade Morupule A power plant"]. Rondebosch, South Africa: ESI-Africa.com. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> === Morupule B === [[Botswana Power Corporation|Koporase ya Motlakase ya Botswana]] (BPC) e ne e akanyetsa go atolosa Seteišene sa Motlakase sa Morupule fa e sale ka 2006. BPC e ne ya feleletsa e tsere tshwetso ya dimekawate di le makgolo a marataro, tse di nang le ditlhopha di le nne tsa dimekawate di le lekgolo le masome a matlhano.<ref name=":0" /> Ka nako ya fa porojeke eno e ne e akanyediwa, diperesente di le masome a ferabobedi tsa motlakase o o dirisiwang mo Botswana, o ne o rekwa go tswa kwa setlamong sa motlakase sa Aforika Borwa, [[Eskom]]. [[World Bank|Banka ya Lefatshe]] le [[African Development Bank|Banka ya Tlhabololo ya Aforika]] ka bobedi di ne tsa tlamela ka bontlhabongwe jwa matlole go aga Morupule B.<ref name=":1">African Development Bank (June 2009). [https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Environmental-and-Social-Assessments/ESIA%20Ex%20Summary%20Morupule%20B%20Final-22%20june09.pdf "Botswana: Morupule B Power Project; ESIA Executive Summary"] (PDF). Abidjan: [[:en:African_Development_Bank|African Development Bank]]. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka 2010 kago e ne ya simolola, mme rakonteraka yo o eteletseng pele e ne e le '''China National Electric Equipment Corporation''' (CNEEC). Go ne go solofetswe gore e wediwe ka 2012.<ref>Brian Benza (22 February 2010). [https://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=322&dir=2010/February/Monday22 "Construction Of 600 MW Morupule B Power Station Begins"]. ''[[:en:Mmegi_Online|Mmegi Online]]''. Gaborone. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, ka Moranang 2013, Ditlhopha I le II di ne di sa tlhole di dirisiwa, di baakanngwa maranyego mo diphaepheng tsa tsone tsa mowa, tse di neng tsa nna teng ka bonako fela morago ga go tsenngwa. Setlhopha sa III, e leng sone fela setlhopha se se neng se dira ka nako eo, le sone se ne se nnile le bothata jo bo tshwanang. Setlhopha sa IV se ne se santse se agiwa. Seno se ne sa baka tlhaelo e e tseneletseng ya motlakase, mme seo sa felela ka [[go kgaolwa ga motlakase]] le [[go kgaoga ga motlakase go go tswelelang pele]].<ref>ESI-Africa (29 April 2013). [https://www.esi-africa.com/top-stories/morupule-b-problems-cause-rolling-blackouts-in-botswana/ "Morupule B problems cause rolling blackouts in Botswana"]. Rondebosch, South Africa: ESI-Africa.com. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka Firikgong 2014, puso ya Botswana e ne ya thapa STEAG Energy Services ya Jeremane go “lemoga mathata a a tlhodilweng ke CNEEC le go a baakanya”. Morago ga gore CNEEC e patelediwe go tsamaya, ka Sedimonthole a le masome mararo le motso ka 2013, STEAG e ne ya tsaya tiro ya go tlhokomela le go dirisa Morupule B, go simolola Firikgong a rogwa ka 2014. Go tsenngwa ga ditlhopha tsotlhe tse nne go ne ga wediwa ka 2014.<ref>Sunday Standard (12 January 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231211090757/https://www.sundaystandard.info/govocot-turns-against-morupule-b-contractor/ "Gov't Turns Against Morupule B Contractor"]. Gaborone: Sunday Standard. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>STEAG Energy Services (19 February 2014). [https://pressearchiv.steag.com/index.php?id=3292&L=0&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=373&cHash=e9ae814c42115e3a8810bc00b04d37f9 "STEAG takes on operation and maintenance in Botswana in record time: Cooperation between STEAG Energy Services from Essen and India in a 600 MW power plant"]. Essen, Germany: Steag.com. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2018, puso ya Botswana e ne ya kgaotsa dipuisano le '''China Machinery Engineering Corporation''' (CMEC) e e laolwang ke puso, ka maiteko a go ikgaoganya le Morupule B. Dipuisano tseno di ne di ntse di tsweletse fa e sale ka 2016. Ka 2018, seteišene sa motlakase se ne se tlhagisa ka bokgoni jo bo ka nnang diperesente di le masome a ferabobedi le motso (bokgoni jwa 486 megawatts).<ref>James Macharia (9 June 2018). [https://www.reuters.com/article/botswana-power/botswanacancels-plans-to-sell-troubled-power-plant-to-chinese-firm-idUSL5N1TB0FE "Botswana cancels plans to sell troubled power plant to Chinese firm"]. [[:en:Reuters.com|Reuters.com]]. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Kganetsano == Seteišene sa Motlakase sa Morupule B se ntse se tlhasetswe ke mathata go tloga fela kwa tshimologong. Patlisiso ya forensiki mo kgannyeng eno e fitlhetse gore badiri ba Koporase ya Motlakase ya Botswana ba ne ba dirisana mmogo le CNEEC go utswa madi a a fetang BWP bilione e le nngwe (e e ka nnang didikadike di le US$90.5 ka 2014), go tswa mo porojekeng ya motlakase ya Morupule B ya BWP dibilione di le lesome (e e ka nnang didikadike di le US$905).<ref>Sunday Standard (11 February 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20251009083342/https://www.sundaystandard.info/cneec-bpc-staff-fleece-morupule-b-of-p-1-billion-report/ "CNEEC, BPC staff fleece Morupule B of P 1 billion- report"]. ''Sunday Standard''. Gaborone. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Ke ya ga mang? == Morupule A le Morupule B ka bobedi ke tsa [[Botswana Power Corporation|koporase ya motlakase ya Botswana]] (BPC) ka diperesente di le lekgolo.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Tshedimosetso e nngwe == * [[Lenaane la diteishene tsa motlakase mo Botswana]] == Metswedi == mul71prmx8l3g8rq31eyerk8awlih04 0 11553 51078 45756 2026-06-19T14:35:55Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moshupa-Manyana''' ke kgaolo ya botlhophi mo [[Botswana]] e e emetsweng kwa [[Palamenteng ya Bosetshaba ya Botswana]] ke [[Karabo Gare]] yo e leng mopalamente wa phathi ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP) e bile e le modulasetilo wa phathi ya BDP go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2018. == Porofaele ya kgaolotlhopho == Moshupa-Manyana ke kgaolotlhopho e bontsi jwa yone e leng kwa magaeng e e mo lefelong le le thata la borwa-botlhaba jwa Botswana. Sebaka sa kgaolotlhopho se tletse ka granite e e kwa tlase, di-koppies tse di nang le makhubu le mekgatšha ya dinoka tsa dipaka. <ref>[https://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/location "Location | Botswana Tourism Organisation"]. ''www.botswanatourism.co.bw''. Retrieved 2025-05-15.</ref><ref>Ndala Marumo, Mompoloki; Lebitsa, Gabatsoswe; Malumbela, Goitseone (15 September 2024). [https://dx.doi.org/10.54203/jceu.2024.35 "Geotechnical Characterization of the Manyana Black Cotton Soils in Botswana".] ''Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism''. '''14''' (3S): 318–324. doi:10.54203/jceu.2024.35.</ref>Bontsi jwa malwapa a dira temo e e tlhakaneng (dipodi, dikoko le dijwalo tse di jewang ka pula) kgotsa ba ya kwa [[Kanye]], kwa moepong wa teemane wa [[Toropo ya Jwaneng|Jwaneng]], kgotsa kwa [[Gaborone]] go ya tirong. Setilo se, se se neng se itsege ka leina la Moshupa go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2014, se ntse se le teng ka mokgwa mongwe fa e sale ka ditlhopho setshaba tsa ntlha tsa lefatshe leno ka 1965, mme seo se dira gore e nne nngwe ya dikgaolo tsa Botswana tse di sa bolong go nna teng. Moshupa-Manyana ke motse wa phemelo wa phathi ya [[Botswana Democratic Party]] (BDP). Ke nngwe ya dikgaolo tse pedi fela tse di leng teng mo Botswana tse di iseng di ko di buse Mopalamente go tswa mo diphathing tse di fetang bongwe, tse dingwe e le tsa boagisanyi tsa [[Thamaga-Kumakwane]]. Mo ditlhophong dingwe le dingwe fa e sale ka 1965, BDP e ntse e tlhopha ditlhopho tse di fetang 50% tsa ditlhopho tsa batho, e le yone fela kgaolotlhopho mo nageng e BDP e dirileng jalo mo go yone. Botshelo jwa sepolotiki mo kgaolong ya botlhophi bo ntse bo amana thata le lelapa la ga Masisi, lengwe la malapa a a tlhageletseng thata mo dipolotiking mo Botswana.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2018-04-03-who-is-botswanas-new-president-mokgweetsi-masisi/ "Who is Botswana's new President Mokgweetsi Masisi?".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 2018-04-03. Retrieved 2025-05-15.</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250808224839/https://www.sundaystandard.info/there-has-always-been-a-masisi-in-parliament-since-1965/ "'There has always been a Masisi in parliament since 1965' | Sunday Standard".] 2019-12-03. Retrieved 2025-05-15.</ref>Modipolomate, tona ya kabinete le radipolotiki wa tiro [[Edison Masisi]] o ne a dira jaaka Mopalamente dingwaga di le masome a mararo (1965–1999) mme morwawe, mopresidente wa isago Mokgweetsi Masisi, o ne a nna mo setulong seo go tloga ka 2009 go fitlha a tsaya maemo a boporesidente ka 2018. Go tlhatlosiwa ga ga [[Mokgweetsi Masisi]] go nna tautona go tlhagisitse phelelo e e bonalang ya morwa yo o ratiwang: kwa ditlhophong tsa 2019 karolo ya diboutu tsa BDP e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa diperesenteng di le 85 (go tswa go diperesente di le 54 ka 2014) se se dirileng gore Moshupa-Manyana e nne setulo se se babalesegileng go gaisa mo nageng, ka BDP e fentse bontsi jwa setulo ka diperesente di le 70. Se e ne e le lantlha mo hisitoring ya ditlhopho tsa Botswana gore kgaolo e e babalesegileng go gaisa e se nngwe ya dikgaolo tse di tlhomameng go dikologa motsemogolo wa Ngwato wa [[Serowe]]. Go relela ga lefatshe ga 2019 go tlisitswe gape ka ntlha ya go tlhomamisa sešwa ka bophara go go bakilweng ke go wela fa fatshe ga ga tautona Masisi le tautona wa pele le Ngwato [[Kgosi]] (kgosi e e kwa godimo) [[Ian Khama Seretse Khama|Ian Khama]], mo go neng ga baka go fetoga go go gakgamatsang kgatlhanong le BDP kwa karolong e e kwa bokone ya Khama mme ka go lekana go ne ga oketsa thata tshegetso ya borwa.<ref>Brown, Chris (2020-08-15). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03057070.2020.1778901 "Botswana Votes 2019: Two-Party Competition and the Khama Factor"]. ''Journal of Southern African Studies''. '''46''' (4): 703–722. Bibcode:2020JSAfS..46..703B. doi:10.1080/03057070.2020.1778901. ISSN 0305-7070.</ref><ref>Chutel, Lynsey (2019-10-25). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/25/world/africa/botswana-election-mokgweetsi-masisi.html "Botswana Election Won by President, Despite Rift with Predecessor"]. ''The New York Times''. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-05-15.</ref><ref>Friesen, Paul (2019-11-06). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/06/botswanas-ruling-party-won-again-this-makes-consecutive-victories/ "Analysis | Botswana's ruling party won again. This makes 12 consecutive victories".] ''The Washington Post''. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2025-05-15.</ref> Le fa go ne go na le swing e e maatla ya naga ka bophara kgatlhanong le BDP ka 2024—fa lekoko le ne le latlhegelwa ke dikgaolotlhopho di le 34 mo go tse 38 tse le neng le di fentse ka 2019—Moshupa-Manyana e ne ya nna mo diatleng tsa BDP ka bontsi jwa yone jwa 2019 bo itshupile bo sa kgone go fenngwa. Setulo seo, mmogo le sa [[Thamaga-Kumakwane]], e ne e le sengwe sa dikgaolotlhopho tse pedi fela tse BDP e fentseng ka bontsi jo bo feletseng jwa diboutu mo ditlhophong tseo. Kgaolotlhopho e bontsi jwa yone e leng kwa magaeng e akaretsa mafelo a a latelang<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250826203516/https://www.iec.gov.bw/images/2022_Delimitation_Final_Report.pdf ''2022 DELIMITATION COMMISSION REPORT'' (PDF).] 2022.</ref> # [[Moshupa]] # Manyana # [[Lotlhakane West]] # Ralekgetho # Pitseng # Seherelela # Sesung # Bikwe # Mogonye # Lekgolobotlo # Ranaka # Ntlhantlhe # [[Kgomokasitwa]] # Magotlhwane == Metswedi == 0rjrnfnskbrv7fbt4wouzdaue68d3gm 0 11597 51084 44113 2026-06-19T14:57:12Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr''' (yo o tshotsweng ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e tlhola malatsi a le masome a mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1986) ke [[moatlelete]] wa [[Sudan]] yo o gaisanang thata mo mabelong a [[dimitara di le 400]]. O tsholetswe kwa [[Khartoum]]. Nako ya gagwe e e gaisang ya ga jaanong ke metsotswana e le 44.93, e e fitlheletsweng ka Moranang ngwaga wa 2005 kwa [[Mecca]]. Ali o ne a gaisana mo kgaisanong ya dimitara di le 400 kwa [[Diolimpiking tsa Selemo tsa 2008]] kwa Beijing mme a palelwa ke go fetela kwa makgaolakgannyeng. O nna kwa [[Nyala]], kwa borwa jwa [[Darfur]], mme ke sajene mo [[sesoleng sa Sudan]]. Lelwapa la gagwe ke la [[morafe wa Zaghawa (Beri)]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120319004800/http://www.stuff.co.nz/ "Darfur athletes train as Olympic row rages",] Reuters, April 15, 2008</ref> == Diphitlhelelo == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Competition !Venue !Position !Event !Notes |- ! colspan="6" |Representing  Sudan |- | rowspan="4" |2003 |World Youth Championships |Sherbrooke, Canada |1st |400 m |46.10 |- |World Championships |Paris, France |43rd (h) |400 m |46.78 |- |All-Africa Games |Abuja, Nigeria |2nd |400 m |45.22 |- |Afro-Asian Games |Hyderabad, India |2nd |400 m |45.44 |- | rowspan="4" |2004 |World Indoor Championships |Budapest, Hungary |20th (h) |400 m |47.85 |- |World Junior Championships |Grosseto, Italy |2nd |400 m |45.97 |- |Olympic Games |Athens, Greece |39th (h) |400 m |46.32 |- |Pan Arab Games |Algiers, Algeria |2nd |400 m |45.84 |- | rowspan="3" |2005 | rowspan="2" |Islamic Solidarity Games | rowspan="2" |Mecca, Saudi Arabia |1st |400 m |44.93 |- |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |3:08.81 |- |World Championships |Helsinki, Finland |15th (sf) |400 m |46.67 |- | rowspan="5" |2007 | rowspan="2" |All-Africa Games | rowspan="2" |Algiers, Algeria |6th |400 m |46.29 |- |7th |4 × 400 m relay |3:09.37 |- | rowspan="3" |Pan Arab Games | rowspan="3" |Cairo, Egypt |5th |200 m |21.27 |- |1st |400 m |46.16 |- |2nd |4 × 400 m relay |3:06.52 (NR) |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |African Championships |Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |1st |400 m |45.64 |- |Olympic Games |Beijing, China |50th (h) |400 m |47.12 |- |2009 |World Championships |Berlin, Germany |36th (h) |400 m |46.48 |} == Tse di kwa ntle == * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14225662 Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr] kwa [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14225662 World Athletics] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080727092932/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1819129_1819134_1825966,00.html "Nagmeldin Ali Abubakr",] n°58 on [[:en:Time_(magazine)|''Time''’s]] list of "100 Olympic Athletes To Watch" == Metswedi == da0towlwaqd5r239vlwcvavv22swiut 0 11718 51136 47069 2026-06-19T23:22:21Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|birth_date={{birth date|1955|05|07|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Upington]], [[Northern Cape Province]], [[Republic of South Africa]]|death_date={{death date and age|2021|06|07|1955|05|07|df=y}}|occupation={{Hlist | Actress and television host }} <!-- Occupation(s) as given in the lead; observe sentence case and capitalise only the first letter of the first item -->|years active=1984–2021|known for={{Ubl | ''Fiela se kind'' | ''[[Egoli: Place of Gold]]'' | ''Supersterre''}}}} '''Shaleen Surtie-Richards''' (Motsheganong a supa 1955<ref name=":0">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=2654 "Shaleen Surtie-Richards"]. ''TVSA: Television South Africa''. TVSA. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> – Seetebosigo a supa 2021<ref>Naidoo, Deepika; Thakurdin, Karishma (7 June 2021). [https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/south-africa/2021-06-07-shaleen-surtie-richards-has-died/ "Shaleen Surtie-Richards has died"]. ''Sowetan Live''.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210607083904/https://www.enca.com/life/actress-shaleen-surtie-richards-dies "Actress Shaleen Surtie-Richards dies"]. ''ENCA''. Johannesburb. 7 June 2021.</ref>) e ne e le modiragatsi wa thelebišene, wa serala, le wa difilimi wa Aforika Borwa, gongwe o ne a itsege thata ka dikarolo tsa gagwe tsa konokono mo filiming ya 1988 ya ''[[Fiela se Kind]]'' le motseletsele o o sa bolong go nna teng wa ''[[Egoli: Place of Gold]]''. O ne a diragatsa ka [[Seburu]] le [[Sekgowa|Seesemane]]. == Botshelo jwa pele le tiro == Surtie-Richards o tsholetswe kwa [[Upington]], kwa [[Kgaolong ya Kapa]], ​​[[Kopano ya Aforika Borwa]], ka Motsheganong a supa ka 1955 mme o tsene sekolo koo le kwa Motsekapa. Rraagwe e ne e le mogokgo wa sekolo, mme mmaagwe e ne e le morutabana.<ref name=":2">De Villiers, Basheerah (12 December 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111444/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/what-you-see-is-what-you-get-i-cannot-be-pretentious-says-shaleen-surtie-richards/ "'What you see is what you get; I cannot be pretentious,' says Shaleen Surtie-Richards"]. ''The South African''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Le fa a gotse ka nako ya [[Tlhaolele mo Aforika Borwa|Tlhaolele]], o boletse gore lemorago la gagwe e ne e se la batho ba ba humanegileng.<ref name=":1">Cohen, Robyn (14 March 2010). "Veteran of the Fleur du Caps; Shaleen Surtie-Richards is set to be a highlight of the awards at which she made history 26 years ago". ''Argus Weekend (South Africa)''.</ref> Fa a sa ntse a le ngwana, fa sekolo sa mmino sa lefelo leo se ne se sa mo amogele ka ntlha ya mmala wa gagwe, rraagwe o ne a mo rekela piano mme a thapa morutabana.<ref name=":1" /> Gape o ne a tsena dithuto tsa ballet le thenese.<ref name=":1" /> Ka go tshwanelega go nna morutabana wa keretšhe, Surtie-Richards o ne a ruta kwa Upington le kwa Motsekapa fa gare ga 1974 le 1984.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tshameka dikarolo tse dintsi mo ditlhagisong di le mmalwa tsa serala tsa batho ba ba sa itseng go le kalo fa gare ga 1974 le 1981 mme gape o ne a le matlhagatlhaga mo ditlhagisong tsa Lephata la Thuto la Aforikaborwa la Theatre-in-Education go tloga ka 1982 go ya go 1984.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya bodiragatsi ya porofeshenale ka 1984.<ref name=":1" /> == Tiro ya thelebišene == Surtie-Richards o ne a na le seabe se segolo mo ''[[Egoli: Place of Gold]]''. O ne a tlhagelela mo bontsing jwa dipontsho tsa dingwaga di le lesome le boferabobedi e le Ester (Nenna) Willemse.<ref name=":0" /> Gape o ne a tlhagelela mo mananeong a mangwe a le mmalwa a thelebišene a Aforika Borwa, go akaretsa le ''[[7de Laan]]'', ''Villa Rosa'', le ''[[Generations]]''.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2000, o ne a tshwara lenaneo la gagwe la dipuisano, ''Shaleen'', mo channel ya [[M-Net]] ya Aforika Borwa.<ref>Chanetsa, Benhilda (10 September 2000). "African touch on M-Net". ''Africa News Service''.</ref> Surtie-Richards gape e ne e le moatlhodi mo motseletseleng wa thelebishene wa kgaisano ya boammaaruri wa ''Supersterre'' go tloga ka 2006 go ya go 2010.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2013, o ne a tlhagelela jaaka mongwe wa "ba ba gadikang" mo The Comedy Central Roast ya ga ''[[Steve Hofmeyr]]'', e leng go gadika ga ntlha go go neng go tshwerwe ke kanale ya Metlae ya Aforika Borwa, e e neng e tshwerwe ke [[Trevor Noah]].<ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/TV/News/Steve-Hofmeyr-Roast-a-ratings-hit-20120928 "Steve Hofmeyr Roast a ratings hit"]. ''Channel24''. 24.com. 28 September 2012. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Tiro ya difilimi == Surtie-Richards o tshamekile dikarolo tsa yo o eteletseng kgotsa tsa tshegetso mo difiliming tse di latelang:<ref>[[imdbname:0839741|"Shaleen Surtie-Richards"]]. ''IMDb: Internet Movie Database''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> * ''[[Fiela se Kind]]'' (1988) * ''[[Mama Jack]]'' (2005) * ''Egoli: Afrikaners Is Plesierig'' (2010) * ''Knysna'' (2014) * ''Treurgrond'' (2015) * ''Twee Grade van Moord'' (2016) * ''Vaselinetjie'' (2017) * Slay (2021) == Tiro ya bobogelo == Surtie-Richards o ne a tlhagelela mo seraleng go ralala Aforika Borwa le kwa Lontone.<ref name=":3">Paton, Maureen (2 November 1989). "Play Reviews: Just Like Home". ''The Stage and Television Today'' (5664): 15.</ref><ref>"Funny festival to light up London on the Boards". ''Weekend Argus (South Africa)''. 10 May 2014.</ref> O ne gape a tlhagelela kwa meletlong e megolo ya bobogelo le bodiragatsi mo Aforika Borwa le kwa mafatsheng a sele, go akaretsa le [[Moletlo wa Aardklop]],<ref>"Drama, farce centre stage at fest". ''The Pretoria News''. 4 August 2015.</ref> [[Moletlo wa Klein Karoo]],<ref name=":4">Cavernelis, Dennis (22 April 2008). "Bye's Yellowman wins best KKNK production". ''Cape Times''. Independent Online (South Africa).</ref> [[Moletlo wa Grahamstown]],<ref name=":0" /> Suidoosterfees,<ref>"Diverse Drama at Suidoosterfees". ''The Argus (Cape Town)''. Independent Online (South Africa). 16 April 2016.</ref> le [[Moletlo wa Edinburgh Fringe]].<ref>Doudai, Naomi (31 August 1989). "Edinburgh Takes the Stage". ''Jerusalem Post''.</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo seraleng mo ditirong tsa ga [[Shakespeare]],<ref>"Maynardville celebrates six decades with 'Othello' staging". ''The Argus (Cape Town)''. Independent Online (South Africa). 26 January 2016.</ref> [[Willy Russell]],<ref>"Cooking up a potent Cape curry". ''The Argus (Cape Town)''. Independent Online (South Africa). 28 January 2012.</ref> [[Athol Fugard]],<ref name=":2" /> le [[Pieter-Dirk Uys]].<ref name=":3" /> == Dietsele == Mo nakong ya tiro ya gagwe, Surtie-Richards o ne a gapa dietsele di feta masome mane.<ref name=":1" /> Surtie-Richards o fentse Sekgele sa Modiragatsi yo o Gaisang kwa Dikabong tsa Bobogelo tsa Fleur du Cap tsa 1985 ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe sa go nna Hester mo filiming ya ga [[Athol Fugard]] ya ''Hallo en Koebaai (Dumela le Salang sentle)''.<ref name=":2" /> Ka 2009, o ne a gapa Sekgele se sengwe sa Fleur du Cap ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe ya 2008 mo go ''Shirley Valentine''.<ref name=":1" /> Ka 2008, ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe mo ''Shirley Valentine'', o ne a gapa gape Seetsele sa Herrie sa tlhagiso e e ratiwang thata kwa Moletlong wa Bodiragatsi wa Klein Karoo.<ref name=":4" /> Kwa Dikabong tsa Soapie tsa Royalty tsa 2014, Surtie-Richards o ne a amogela Kabo ya Phitlhelelo ya Botshelo Jotlhe ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe sa dingwaga di le masome mararo mo thelebišeneng le dikarolo tsa gagwe mo motseletseleng o o jaaka ''Egoli: place of Gold'', ''Generations'', le ''7de Laan''.<ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/TV/News/Isibaya-wins-big-at-Royalty-Soapie-Awards-20140310 "Isibaya wins big at Royalty Soapie Awards"]. ''Channel24''. 24.com. 10 March 2014. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Surtie-Richards le ene o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Modiragatsi yo o Tlhomologileng yo o Etelelang Pele ka ntlha ya seabe sa gagwe mo ''Villa Rosa'' kwa dikabong tsa 2014.<ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/TV/News/Nominees-announced-for-the-Royalty-Soapie-Awards-20140218 "Nominees announced for the Royalty Soapie Awards"]. ''Channel24''. 24.com. 18 February 2014. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Surtie-Richards o ne a tlotliwa ka Kabo ya Phitlhelelo ya Botshelo Jotlhe kwa Dikabong tsa Bobogelo tsa Naledi tsa 2015.<ref>[http://www.news24.com/Archives/City-Press/Marikana-the-Musical-triumphs-with-six-Naledi-Theatre-Awards-20150430 "Marikana the Musical triumphs with six Naledi Theatre Awards"]. ''News24''. 24.com. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Loso == Surtie-Richards o tlhokafetse ka letsatsi la bosupa ka Seetebosigo 2021, a le dingwaga di le masome marataro le boraro. O tlhokafetse bosigo a robetse mme o ne a ntse a na le mathata a le mantsi a botsogo. Ba lelapa la gagwe ba ganeditse magatwe a gore loso lwa gagwe e ne e le ka ntlha ya go ipolaya.<ref>Head, Tom (7 June 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200446/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/how-did-shaleen-surtie-richards-die-cause-suicide-statement/ "Shaleen Surtie-Richards: Family address 'suicide rumours'"]. ''TheSouthAfrican.com''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> == Metswedi == qz18xd99rwi9yk4vs3fg1c7bhu8vsh6 0 11761 51146 49562 2026-06-20T00:35:13Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Trix Vivier|birth_name=<!-- only use if different from name -->|image=Trix Vivier at the 2023 Silwerskermfees TV and Film Awards in Cape Town, South Africa.jpg|image caption=Trix Vivier at the 2023 Silwerskermfees TV and Film Awards in Cape Town, South Africa|alt=<!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1988|06|28|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Cape Town]], South Africa|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->|alma mater=Jan van Riebeeck High School, Waterfront Theater School.|occupation=Actress|years active=2013–present|mother=Adri Troski Vivier|father=Pieter De Bruin Vivier|relatives=[[Lea Vivier]] (sister)|image size=210px}} '''Trix Vivier''' (o tshotswe Seetebosigo a le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi ka 1988) ke [[modiragatsi]] wa [[difilimi]], [[thelebišene]], le [[bobogelo]] jwa Aforika Borwa, yo o itsegeng ka go tshameka karolo ya ga Flea van Jaarsveld mo motseletseleng wa thelebišene wa 2019 wa ''[[Trackers]]'', o a neng a itsege thata ka one le go amogelwa kwa mafatsheng a mangwe.<ref>Hale, Mike (12 June 2020). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/arts/television/netflix-blood-and-water-trackers-cinemax.html "Netflix and Cinemax Go to South Africa for Real"]. ''The New York Times''.</ref><ref>[[doi:10.2307/3916333|""Hit and Run Rheumatism," Makes Debut as New Disease"]]. ''The Science News-Letter''. '''37''' (25): 398. 22 June 1940. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/3916333|10.2307/3916333]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0096-4018 0096-4018].</ref> Go tlhagelela ga gagwe mo filiming ya lorato ya Netflix ''Umjolo: Day Ones'', ''Juffrou X'', le ''[[Legacy]]'' ya Telenovela ya Multichoice go dirile gore a nne leina le le tlwaelesegileng mo Aforika Borwa. == Botshelo jwa pele le thuto == Vivier o tsholetswe kwa [[Melkbosstrand]], [[Cape Town|Motsekapa]], mme a godisiwa ke mmaagwe Adri Vivier, morutabana le rraagwe Pieter Vivier, [[mmueledi]].<ref name=":0">Fockema, Marisa. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/hg-kuier-by-2-stersussies-fynskrif-se-lea-en-trackers-se-trix-20191115 "HG kuier by 2 stersussies – Fynskrif se Lea en Trackers se Trix"]. ''Huisgenoot''. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> Vivier o tswa mo losikeng lwa [[Seburu]] mme o na le bana ba le bararo. Morwarraagwe yo mmotlana [[Lea Vivier]] le ene ke modiragatsi.<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/rooi-rose/20190101/281775630215840 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025– via PressReader.</ref> Batsadi ba gagwe ba ne ba lemoga le go rotloetsa lorato lwa gagwe lwa bodiragatsi jwa tiragatso go tloga a sa le monnye<ref name=":0" /> mme o ne a dira tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha ya seporofešenale mo seraleng a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano mo go Annie Get Your Gun (Gilbert and Sullivan Society, 2004)<ref>Greenspan, Charlotte (2010-08-04), [[doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195111101.003.0014|"Annie Get Your Gun"]], ''Pick Yourself Up'', Oxford University Press, pp.149–162, retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> le fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro mo ​​go ''Die Ander Marta'' (KKNK, [[Baxter Theatre]] 2005).<ref>[[doi:10.2307/j.ctt1djmg4b.17|"An Abused Woman"]], ''The Enigma Woman'', UNP - Nebraska, pp.179–198, retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> O ne a dira materiki kwa [[Sekolong se Segolo sa Jan van Riebeeck]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180902211524/http://jvralumni.co.za/downloads/JvR%20Alumni%20Nuusbrokkies%202de%20Uigawe%20Oktober%202017%20.pdf "JvR Alumni Nuusbrokkies"] (PDF). Archived from [http://www.jvralumni.co.za/downloads/JvR%20Alumni%20Nuusbrokkies%202de%20Uigawe%20Oktober%202017%20.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2 September 2018. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref><ref>[https://janvanriebeeck.co.za/kultuur/ "Kultuur | Hoërskool Jan van Riebeeck"]. Janvanriebeeck.co.za. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> mme a tswelela go ithuta le go aloga kwa Sekolong sa Bobogelo sa Waterfront kwa Motsekapa ka 2009.<ref>[https://f24c9a80-dbdd-4c88-89be-1182fab6ac8c.filesusr.com/ugd/03b688_ee7efc92aa094fd5a5ba3c88c3a37745.pdf "Perform Teach Create"] (PDF).</ref> == Tiro == [[Setshwantsho:Trix-Vivier.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Trix Vivier (ka fa molemeng thata) le batshameki ba Trackers kwa pontshong ya ntlha.]] Seabe sa ntlha sa ga Vivier se se neng se duelwa mo bobogelong e ne e le sa ga Pippi mo tlhagisong ya Bosetšhaba ya Bana ya ''Pippi Longstocking'' (2009).<ref>[[doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t051212|"Link, O(gle) Winston"]], ''Oxford Art Online'', Oxford University Press, 2003, retrieved 30 October 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.joburg.org.za/media_/Newsroom/Pages/2013%20articles/2011%20&%202012%20%20Articles/Pippi-to-delight-children.aspx "Pippi to delight children".] Joburg.org.za. Retrieved 6 May 2022.</ref> O ne a tswelela go dira tiro ya seporofešenale jaaka sebini le modiragatsi go tloga ka 2009 go fitlha ka 2013 a diragatsa mo metshamekong jaaka MIS<ref>[https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/1968249653400794/2016997158526043 "Andre Stolz Productions on Facebook"]. ''[[:en:Facebook|Facebook]]''. Archived from the original on 30 April 2022.^{[''[[:en:Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources#User-generated_content|user-generated source]]'']}</ref> ya ga [[Reza de Wet]], bobogelo jwa thuto<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782 "Artslink.co.za - It's Your Life - Aids programme with NCT"]. Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=34782 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 30 Phalane 2025.</ref> jwa mmino mo gae le kwa mafatsheng a sele<ref name=":1">[https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/ "APM"]. ''Artistes Personal Management''. Retrieved 30 October 2025.</ref><ref>[https://www.theheroineproject.org/post/trix-vivier Trix Vivier][''[[:en:Wikipedia:Link_rot|permanent dead link]]''] theheroineproject.org</ref> le mo Ditlhagisong tse dintsi tsa Bobogelo jwa Bana<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/the-star-south-africa-late-edition/20091005/282346855861856 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 20 November 2023 – via PressReader.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143013/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147 "Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit enthrals yet another generation".] Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31147 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143010/https://issuu.com/innercitygazette/docs/gazette13_september2_web "Inner City Gazette".] 12 September 2012.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211113143015/https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100 "Artslink.co.za - Peter Rabbit and other Tales"]. Archived from [https://www.artlink.co.za/news_article.htm?contentID=31100 the original] on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref> pele ga a tsena mo Ditlhagisong tsa Bobogelo tsa Bana tsa ntlha mo motseletsele wa drama ya basha ya kykNET ya ''Sterlopers'' (2013 – 2016).<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/Nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103 "Nuwe SA ster bieg: 'Ek was 'n pynlike presteerder'"].</ref> Morago ga moo o ne a tswelela go tshameka dikarolo tse di eteletseng pele mo setshwantshong sa motshikhinyego mo diporojekeng jaaka ''[[Trackers]]'',<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200928015628/https://stories.showmax.com/whos-who-in-trackers/ "Who's who in Trackers"]. 22 October 2019.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301154511/https://itmunch.com/warnermedias-latest-streaming-service-hbo-max-appears-youtube-tv-along-hbo-cinemax/ "WarnerMedia's latest streaming service HBO Max appears on YouTube TV, along with HBO & Cinemax"]. iTMunch. 24 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2022.</ref> ''Minder as Niks'',<ref name=":2">https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kyk-en-luister/netwerk24tv/minder-as-niks/minde r-as-niks-al-die-episodes-op-een-plek-20221007</ref> ''Juffrou X'',<ref name=":3">[https://www.georgeherald.com/Entertainment/Article/150-locals-are-extras-in-new-tv-series-202404221116 "150 locals are extras in new TV series"]. ''George Herald''.</ref> le ''Umjolo: Day Ones''.<ref name=":4">Kumar, Akshay (28 December 2024). [https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Dec/28/umjolo-day-ones-review-of-flawed-creatures-and-more "'Umjolo: Day Ones' review: Of flawed creatures and more"]. ''The New Indian Express''.</ref> Ka Lwetse 2022, Vivier le ba lelapa la gagwe ba ne ba fudugela kwa [[Dubai]].<ref>Scheepers, Xanet (1 December 2022). "[https://www.citizen.co.za/lifestyle/entertainment/celebrity-news/trix-vivier-career-taking-off-commutes-between-3-countries/ Trix Vivier's career is taking off as she commutes between three countries"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 30 October 2025.</ref><ref>Bedirian, Razmig. [https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/film-tv/2023/12/15/uae-film-industry/ "A look back at the UAE's growing film industry"]. ''The National''.</ref> == Bodiragatsi == {| class="wikitable" !Setlhogo !Karolo !Ngwaga !Mofuta !Dinopolo !Metswedi |- |''Fynskrif'' |Bianca |2018 – 2020 |Series |Season 1 and 3 |<ref name=":0" /> |- |''American Monster'' |Rebecca Fenton |2019 |Series |Season 4 |<ref name=":5">[https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/trix-vivier/credits/3000366093/ "Trix Vivier"]. ''TVGuide.com''.</ref> |- |''Projek Dina'' |Megan |2019 |Series |1 episode |<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191206142643/https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205 "Nuwe reeks 'Projek Dina' beloof lekker baie drama | die Son"]. Archived from [https://www.son.co.za/Alles-wat-mal-is/Gossip/nuwe-reeks-projek-dina-beloof-lekker-baie-drama-20191205 the original] on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2021.</ref> |- |''Die Spreeus'' |Anita Erasmus |2019 |Series |2 episodes |<ref>Rensburg, Liani Jansen van. [https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/ons-praat-met/trix-vivier-nee-was-n-norm-20190426 "Trix Vivier: 'Nee was die norm'"]. ''Sarie''.</ref> |- |''Waterfront'' |Kate Myburgh |2017 |Series |2 episodes |<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/die-burger/20170801/281612420479678 "PressReader"]. Retrieved 20 November 2023 – via PressReader.</ref> |- |''Die Boekklub 2'' |Jana |2017 |Series | |<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/new-local-series-explores-a-dark-side-to-the-waterfront-20171002 "New local series explores a dark side to the Waterfront"]. ''Life''.</ref> |- |''Die Boland Moorde 2'' |Isabel |2016 |Series |1 episode |<ref>Sieberhagen-Grey, Charlea. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/nuus/nuwe-sa-ster-bieg-ek-was-n-pynlike-presteerder-20171103 "Nuwe SA ster bieg: 'Ek was 'n pynlike presteerder'"]. ''Huisgenoot''. Retrieved 20 November 2023.</ref> |- |''[[7de Laan]]'' |Tineke |2018 |Series |11 episodes |<ref>Nortje (Saamgestel0, Michelle. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/hokaai-sorg-trix-vivier-vir-nog-drama-in-7de-laan-20180817 "Hokaai! Sorg Trix Vivier vir nóg drama in 7de Laan?"]. ''Huisgenoot''.</ref> |- |''Suidooster'' |Yolandi |2018 |Series |28 episodes |<ref name=":6">R, Delia du Toit | STILERING Fanie Cronjé | FOTO Leana. [https://www.netwerk24.com/sarie/bekendes/ons-praat-met/legacy-se-trix-vivier-moes-aanhou-en-uithou-20210504 "Legacy se Trix Vivier moes aanhou en uithou"]. ''Sarie''.</ref> |- |''Cowboy Dan'' |Joline |2018 |Short film |Short/Comedy/Drama |<ref name=":5" /> |- |''Versnel'' |Nadia |2017 |Short film |Short/Thriller |^{[''[[:en:Wikipedia:Citation_needed|citation needed]]'']} |- |''Van der Merwe'' |Receptionist |2017 |Film |Comedy |<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20240221094149/https://www.atlanticsun.co.za/news/sky-is-the-limit-for-vredehoek-actress Sky is the limit for Vredehoek actress]". ''Atlantic Sun''. 10 August 2017.</ref> |- |''[[The Dating Game Killer]]'' |Susan's friend |2017 |TV movie |Crime/Histort/Thriller |<ref>"[https://www.tvguide.com/movies/the-dating-game-killer/cast/2030173080/ The Dating Game Killer]". ''TVGuide.com''.</ref> |- |''[[Legacy]]'' |Petra Potgieter |2020–2021 |Series | |<ref name=":6" /> |- |''[[Trackers]]'' |Flea |2019 |Series | |<ref>Africa, AlgoaFM South. [https://www.algoafm.co.za/the-drive-with-roland-gaspar/mnet-original-series-trackers-launches-on-cinemax-in-the-usa-trackers-star-trix-vivier-talks-to-the-algoafm-drive-team "Website"]. ''www.algoafm.co.za''.</ref><ref>Roberts, Maryke (31 October 2019). [https://www.vrouekeur.co.za/bekendes/10-vrae-aan-trix-vivier "10 vrae aan Trix Vivier"]. ''Vrouekeur''.</ref> |- |''Fraksie'' |Jana Broeksma |2022–2023 |TV series |– |<ref>Taylor, Jody-Lynn. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/trix-vivier-se-nuwe-lewe-oorsee-ek-moes-myself-sonder-n-padkaart-herondek-20231006 "Trix Vivier se nuwe lewe oorsee: Ek moes myself sonder 'n padkaart herontdek".] ''Huisgenoot''.</ref> |- |''Minder as Niks'' |Ami Prinsloo |2022 |TV series |– |<ref name=":2" /> |- |''Juffrou X'' |Inge Bester |2024 |Web series |– |<ref name=":3" /> |- |''Umjolo: Day Ones'' |Lead |2024 |TV movie |Netflix |<ref name=":4" /> |- |''The Trek'' |Jakoba Uys |2025 |Feature film |– |<ref>Barraclough, Leo (30 April 2024). [https://variety.com/2024/film/global/global-screen-the-trek-1235986120/ "Global Screen Boards Supernatural Survival Horror 'The Trek' (EXCLUSIVE)"].</ref> |} == References == [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] <references /> == Go Buisa go ya Pele == * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/huisgenoot/20191121/283893049859680 PressReader.com - Ditshwantshiso tsa Dijithale tsa Dikuranta le Dimakasine] * [https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2020-06-11/whats-on-tv-friday-trackers-on-cinemax-coronavirus "What's on TV Friday: 'Trackers' on Cinemax; coronavirus"]. ''[[:en:Los_Angeles_Times|Los Angeles Times]]''. 12 Seetebosigo 2020. * [https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/all-the-glitz-and-glam-at-the-premiere-of-trackers-35271166 "All the glitz and glam at the premiere of 'Trackers'"]. * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/vrouekeur/20191101/281556587600088 "PressReader"]. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023 – ka PressReader. * Bellingan, Maretta. [https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/sy-doen-dit-al-van-kleins-af-20171019 "Sy doen dit al van kleins af"]. ''Netwerk24''. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023. * [https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/local/trix-vivier-is-proud-of-legacy-despite-covid-19-challenges-b63e3710-5e41-41d2-b681-7a14bcfbd466 "Trix Vivier is proud of 'Legacy' despite Covid-19 challenges"]. * Bergh, Joanie. [https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/lea-trix-en-moeder-adri-ma-en-dogters-bekoor-sa-op-tv-20210219 "Lea, Trix en moeder Adri: Ma en dogters bekoor SA op TV"]. ''Huisgenoot''. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023. * [https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/sarie/20200901/283347589536278 "PressReader"]. E bonwe ka 20 Ngwanatsele 2023 – ka PressReader. == Dikgolagano tsa kwa Ntle == * [[imdbname:6366742|Trix Vivier | Modiragatsi, Lefapha la Modumo]] * [https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/trix-vivier-836/ APM] rftw8tlz14xslj2cy32rvbfiqfad8qd 0 11918 51128 47370 2026-06-19T22:14:01Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox pageant titleholder|title=Mohumagatsana wa Elite Model Look Aforika Borwa 2007<br />[[Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa]] 2014<br />[[Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe 2014]]|hair_colour=bosetlha|eye_colour=botuba|competitions=Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa wa 2011<br />(Top 5)<br />Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa wa 2014<br />(Mofenyi)<br />Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014<br />(Mofenyi)|alma_mater=[[mmadikolo wa Free State]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|4|22|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Volksrust]], Mpumalanga, Aforika borwa|caption=Strauss ka 2018|children=3|height={{height|m=1.77}}|image=File:Rolene Strauss at the annual Citron Polo event, 2018.jpg|name=Rolene Strauss|spouse=D'Niel Strauss ​lenyalo (2016)|website={{URL|https://www.rolenestrauss.com}}}} '''Rolene Strauss''' (o tshotswe ka Moranang a tlhola malatsi a masome a mabedi le bobedi ka1992) ke mohumagadi wa bontle wa Aforikaborwa yo o fentseng [[:en:Miss_World_2014|Mohumagatsana wa Aforikaborwa]] wa 2014 mme moragonyana a rwesiwa korone ya [[:en:Miss_World_2014|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014]]. Ke mosadi wa boraro wa Aforikaborwa go rwesiwa korone ya [[:en:Miss_World|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe]], morago ga [[:en:Penelope_Coelen|Penelope Anne Coelen]] ka 1958 le [[:en:Anneline_Kriel|Anneline]] [[:en:Anneline_Kriel|Kriel]] ka 1914 . Gone jaana Strauss ke modulasetulo wa mokgatlho o o sa direng dipoelo wa Mokgatlho wa Strauss.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171110224919/https://www.peoplemagazine.co.za/celebrity-news/rolene-strauss-much-celebrate "Rolene Strauss Has Much To Celebrate!"]. People Magazine. Retrieved 20-11-25.</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Strauss e ne e le moithuti wa bongaka kwa [[:en:University_of_the_Free_State|mmadikolo wa Free State]].<ref>[https://web.facebook.com/OfficialRoleneStrauss/info/?id=705464392811293# "Rolene Strauss"]. Facebook. 2014.</ref> O belegetswe kwa [[:en:Volksrust|Volksrust]], mo [[:en:South_Africa|Afrika Borwa]], ke Theresa, mooki, le Hennie Strauss, ngaka.<ref>[https://www.netwerk24.com/nuus/2014-12-15-rolene-strauss-dit-voel-nt-soos-n-droom "Dit voel net soos 'n droom"] (in Afrikaans). Retrieved 20-11-25</ref>Ke [[:en:South_Africa|lesea le le tsetsweng ka go dirisiwa motšhine]] wa go lekeletsa dilo. Ka mafoko a gagwe a re "Ke lesea le le tsetsweng ka go dirisa teseletso mme ke dumela gore ke tshotswe ke kgatlhegela boitekanelo".<ref>[https://buzzsouthafrica.com/rolene-strauss/ "10 Things You Didn't Know About The South African Miss World: Rolene Strauss"]. Buzz South Africa. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 20-11-25</ref> Strauss o ne a beeletsana le D'Niel Strauss (ga a sikane le ene) ka Sedimonthole wa 2014. Moragonyana ba ne ba nyalana ka 6 Tlhakole 2016, kwa lefelong la Lenyalo la Laurent kwa [[:en:Somerset_West|somerset bophirima]].<ref>[https://rolenestrauss.com/ "Rolene Strauss | Miss World 2014"]. ''Rolene Strauss''. Retrieved20-11-25</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/you "Rolene Strauss looked absolutely beautiful on her wedding day".] Retrieved 20-11-25</ref>Ngwana wa bone wa ntlha, morwa, o ne a tsholwa ka Ferikgong 2017.<ref>Potter, Daniella (9 January 2017). [https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/rolene-strauss-welcomes-her-little-prince/ "Rolene Strauss welcomes her 'little prince'".] The Citizen.</ref> Ka Tlhakole 2020, o ne a tshola ngwana wa gagwe wa bobedi wa mosimane. Rolene Strauss ke Mokeresete yo o ineetseng.<ref>[https://joynews.co.za/former-miss-world-rolene-strauss-launches-christian-devotional-book-in-south-africa/ "Former Miss World Rolene Strauss Launches Christian Devotional Book In South Africa"]. ''joynews.co.za''. Joy News. 7 October 2019.</ref> == Dikgaisano == Strauss o ne a fenya sekgele sa gagwe sa ntlha a le dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano, fa a ne a fenya kgaisano ya [[:en:Elite_Model_Look|Aforika Borwa ya Elite Model Look]] ka 2007. Moragonyana Strauss o ne a bewa mo maemong a ntlha a le matlhano a [[:en:Miss_South_Africa_2011|Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa wa 2011]], kwa [[:en:Melinda_Bam|Melinda Bam]] a neng a nna mofenyi gone.<ref>[https://www.helloneighbordc.com/howitworks "Eye For Beauty: Miss South Africa 2011: Telecast Review"]. Retrieved 20-11-25</ref> O ne a boa morago ga dingwaga di le tharo go tla go gaisana, a emetse [[:en:Bloemfontein|Bloemfontein]], mme a rwesiwa korone ya [[:en:Miss_South_Africa_2014|Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa wa 2014]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160102234139/http://www.misssa.co.za/finalists/rolene/Pages/default.aspx "And Miss South Africa 2014"]. Miss South Africa. 2014. Archived from [https://www.misssa.co.za/finalists/rolene/Pages/default.aspx the original] on 31 March 2014.</ref> Jaaka Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa wa 2014, Strauss o ne a solofetswe go gaisana mo dikgaisanong tsa [[:en:Miss_Universe_2014|Miss universe 2014]] le [[:en:Miss_World_2014|miss world wa 2014]]. Strauss o ne a gaisana mo kgaisanong ya Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014 kwa [[:en:London|Lontone]], kwa [[:en:United_Kingdom|United Kingdom]] mme ka nako ya tikologo ya bofelo ya dipotso le dikarabo, Strauss o ne a bodiwa - “Ke ka ntlha yang fa o tshwanetse go nna Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe yo o latelang?” e Strauss a neng a e araba ka go bolela jaana: ''Ke dumela gore kgang ya buka ya me e na le bokao go feta khabara ya me. Ka go nna Moaforika Borwa yo o motlotlo, ke na le maitemogelo a ka bonna a gore kutlwano, tlotlo, boitshwarelo di teng mme tseo ke dikeletso tsa Mokgatlho wa Bohumagatsana ba Lefatshe. Ka jalo, go tla bo go gakgamatsa go emela mokgatlho o o leng lesedi la tsholofelo mo lefatsheng.''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220214042258/https://www.suninternational.com/stories/lifestyle/rolene-strauss-crowned-miss-world-2014/ "Miss South Africa Rolene Strauss is Crowned Miss World 2014".] ''The Sun International''. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 20-11-25</ref> O ne a felela a rwesiwa korone sya go nna [[:en:Miss_World_2014|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014]] kwa bokhutlong jwa tiragalo eno, mme a nna Mo [[:en:South_Africa|aforika Borwa]] wa boraro go nna Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe fa e sale kgaisano eno e simololwa ka 1951. Ka ntlha ya seno, o ne a se ka a kgona go gaisana kwa [[:en:Miss_Universe_2014|Mohumagatsaneng wa Lefatshe Lotlhe wa 2014]]. Ziphozakhe Zokufa, yo e neng e le mofenyi wa gagwe wa ntlha wa lefatshe mme Mohumagatsana wa Aforika Borwa ka dikgaisano tsa 2014. Morago ga go rwesiwa korone sa [[:en:Miss_World_2014|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe wa 2014]], Strauss o ne a simolola maikarabelo a gagwe jaaka [[:en:Miss_World|Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe]] mme fa e sa le ka nako eo o ile a ya kwa [[:en:Hong_Kong|Hong Kong]], [[:en:China|China]], [[:en:Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[:en:India|India]], [[:en:Philippines|Philippines]], [[:en:Brazil|Brazil]], [[:en:Sri_Lanka|Sri Lanka]], [[:en:Mexico|Mexico]], [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]], [[:en:Jamaica|Jamaica]], [[:en:Cameroon|Cameroon]], [[:en:United_Kingdom|united kingdom]], [[:en:United_States|United States]] gareng ga dinaga tse dingwe go diragatsa maikarabelo a gagwe a a farologaneng mo dinageng tse dingwe. Strauss o ne a lalediwa jaaka moatlhodi mo Miss World 2018, a nna wa ntlha mme go fitlha ga jaana ke ene fela Mohumagatsana wa Lefatshe go tloga ka dingwaga tsa bo 2010 go nna moatlhodi mo makgaolakgannyeng a Miss World. == Metswedi == 2vnc0omhskgb0rth28wc66u4dfuj7vo 0 11944 51080 46249 2026-06-19T14:49:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nompumelelo Thembekile Madisa''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1979), yo o itsegeng jaaka Mpumi Madisa, ke mosadi wa kgwebo wa Aforika Borwa. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ale boferabobedi(8) ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna CEO wa Bidvest Group, mosadi wa ntlha wa motho montsho le wa mo Aforika go tlhophiwa go nna [[CEO]] wa khamphani e e kwa godimo ya [[Johannesburg Stock Exchange]] e e mo setlhopheng sa 40,<ref name=":0">[https://www.news24.com/citypress]"Mpumi Madisa officially appointed as Bidvest's first female CEO". ''The South African''. 8 March 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20191106060305/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/who-is-mpumi-madisa-bidvest-ceo/]</ref><ref name=":1">[https://fortune.com/ranking/most-powerful-women/2023/mpumi-madisa/]</ref><ref>"Bidvest says Mpumi Madisa will be its next CEO". ''BusinessLIVE''. Retrieved 6 November 2019.[https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/companies/industrials/2019-03-04-bidvest-says-mpumi-madisa-will-be-its-next-ceo/]</ref> <ref>Africa, CNBC (16 May 2019). "How Mpumi Madisa scored top job at Bidvest". ''CNBC Africa''. Retrieved 6 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20191106060303/https://www.cnbcafrica.com/article/2019/05/16/how-mpumi-madisa-scored-top-job-at-bidvest/ 2019]</ref>e bonwang jaaka letshwao la kgatelopele e ntšhwa mo go fetoleng bong mo kgwebong mo Aforika Borwa. <ref name=":2">Africa, Forbes. "'I Don't Do Suave'". Retrieved 6 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20191106062641/https://www.forbeswomanafrica.com/entrepreneurs/2019/07/23/i-dont-do-suave/ 2019]</ref><ref name=":3">"President congratulates incoming Bidvest's CEO Mpumi Madisa". ''South Africa Government''. 8 March 2019. Retrieved 6 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20230326145957/https://www.thepresidency.gov.za/press-statements/president-congratulates-incoming-bidvest%E2%80%99s-ceo-mpumi-madisa 2019]</ref><ref>"Executive Directors". Bidvest. Retrieved 6 November [https://bidvest.co.za/executive-directors 2019]</ref> == Botshelo le thuto == Madisa o tsholetswe kwa Mohlakeng, kwa bophirima jwa Gauteng mo [[Afrika Borwa]]. O goletse kwa Sebokeng kwa [[borwa jwa Johannesburg]]. Ke mongwe wa bana ba le banè. O ne a tsena sekolo sa poraemari le sa sekontari kwa Sancta Maria Junior High le kwa Mondeor High School ka go latelana. O ne a tsweletsa dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Wits University koo a neng a fetola dithuto tsa gagwe go tswa mo go tsa saense go ya go tsa dipalo, dipalopalo le ikonomi. O na le dikirii ya bachelor mo go tsa ikonomi le dipalo, [[BComm]] honours degree mo go tsa ikonomi le master's degree mo go tsa madi le dipeeletso, tsotlhe go tswa kwa [[Wits University]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">"Mpumi Madisa – Business Leadership South Africa". Retrieved 6 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20191106062642/https://blsa.org.za/about-us/the-board/mpumi-madisa/ 2019]</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> == Tiro == Fela fa a sena go fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa teritiary, o ne a thapiwa ke Hollard Insurance jaaka mothusi wa mmaraka wa moithuti. O ne a dira koo dikgwedi di le lesome le boferabobedi (18) mme morago ga moo a ya go dira kwa Prestige, e leng setlamo se se thusang sa Bidvest se se kgethegileng mo go phepafatseng. [[Kwa Prestige]], o ne a dira jaaka mookamedi wa dikamano le bareki, maemo a a neng a a bopetswe ene le tshimologo ya tiro ya gagwe. Dingwaga di le tharo morago ga moo, o ne a tlogela Prestige go ya go dira mo tirelong ya setšhaba koo a neng a le motsamaisimogolo wa phetogo kwa lefapheng la Gauteng la temothuo le tlhabololo ya metseselegae. Fa a boela kwa Prestige, o ne a direla jaaka motsamaisi wa merero ya khamphane yo o ikarabelelang mo mafapheng a le manè le motsamaisi wa thekiso. Dikgwedi di sekae morago ga moo, o ne a tlhatlosiwa maemo go ya go dira mo setlhopheng mme a tlhomiwa go nna leloko la boto ya Bidvest. Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ale boferabobedi(8) ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go tlhomiwa go nna Motlhankedi-mogolo wa Bidvest Group, maemo a a a tsereng ka botlalo ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2020.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>"The logic behind Bidvest". ''Fin24''. 29 July 2019. Retrieved 6 November [https://www.news24.com/business 2019]</ref><ref>"Mpumi Madisa « Africa Strategy Execution Conference". Retrieved 6 November [https://web.archive.org/web/20191106063040/https://strategyexecution.africa/speakers/nompumelelo-thembekile-madisa/ 2019]</ref><ref name=":3" /> == Dikgele le ditlotla == Madisa o ne a le mo maemong a bo 94 mo lenaaneng la Fortune la Basadi ba ba Maatla go Gaisa ka ngwaga wa 2023 <ref name=":1" /> Madisa o ne a bidiwa Business Leader of the Year ke Sunday Times ka 2023<ref>Venter, Liesl (23 November 2023). "Business Leader of the Year: Mpumi Madisa: Driving force for growth and transformation". Sunday Times. Retrieved 16 November 2023.[https://www.sundaytimes.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/business/business/2023-11-12-business-leader-of-the-year--mpumi-madisa-driving-force-for-growth-and-transformation/]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2023, o ne a le mo maemong a bo 88 mo lenaaneng la Forbes la "Basadi ba le 100 ba ba maatla go gaisa mo lefatsheng"<ref>"The World's Most Powerful Women 2023". ''Forbes''.[https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Madisa o nyetse mme o na le ngwana a le mongwe.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/citypress]</ref> == Metswedi == auj76lck5u3uhq82spoqafrk6xf9raa 0 11961 51114 46256 2026-06-19T20:44:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51114 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Olly Mlamleli|office=Ratoropo wa [[Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Mangaung]].|predecessor=[[Thabo Manyoni]]|successor=Lebohang Masoetsa (acting)<br />[[Mxolisi Siyonzana]]|term_end=18 Phatwe 2016|term_start=14 Phatwe 2020|party=[[African National Congress]]|office1=[[Lekgotla la Khuduthamaga (Aforika Borwa)#Free State|MEC wa Free State wa Puso ya Tirisanommogo, Merero ya Setso le Mafelo a Batho]]|predecessor1=[[Mamiki Qabathe]]|premier1=[[Ace Magashule]]|successor1=[[Limakatso Mahasa]]|nationality=[[Moaforika borwa]]|profession=Morutabana<br />mopolotiki}} '''Sarah Matawana "Olly" Mlamleli''' (o tshotswe ka 1957) ke mopolotiki wa Aforika Borwa yo o dirileng jaaka ratoropo wa [[:en:Mangaung_Metropolitan_Municipality|Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Mangaung]] go simolola ka Phatwe 2016 go fitlha ka Phatwe 2020. Leloko la [[:en:African_National_Congress|African National Congress]], o ne a dira jaaka Leloko la Lekgotla la Khuduthamaga le Tirisanommogo ya Lephatla la Huffattle (MEC) ka Tlhakole 2012 go fitlha ka Phatwe 2016.<ref>Setana, Teboho (5 October 2016). [https://www.news24.com/southafrica/local/express-news/young-mahasa-is-new-face-in-cabinet-20161004 "Young Mahasa is new face in cabinet"]. ''News24 (Express)''. Retrieved 22-11-2025</ref> Ka 2020, Mlamleli o ne a tlosiwa mo setulong sa go nna Ratoropo wa Mangaung mme a tshwarwa ka ntlha ya konteraka e e neng e tsosa kganetsano ya asbestos e e neng e tswa mo nakong ya gagwe le MEC.<ref name=":0">Tandwa, Lizeka (30 September 2020). [https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/free-state-asbestos-case-ousted-mangaung-mayor-among-those-arrested-anc-to-have-urgent-meeting-20200930 "Free State asbestos case: Ousted Mangaung mayor among those arrested, ANC to have urgent meeting"]. News 24. Retrieved 22-11-21</ref> == Botshelo le tiro == Mlamleli o tshotswe ka 1957 kwa [[:en:Viljoenskroon|Viljoenskroon]] kwa [[:en:Orange_Free_State_Province|Orange Free State Province]]. O ne a ithuta kwa Mphohadi College kwa a neng a bona dikirii ya borutabana ka ngwaga wa 1976. O ne a tswelela go dira jaaka morutabana mme morago a tlhomiwa go nna mogokgo wa sekolo. O ne a bona dikirii ya Bachelor of Arts, ya Bachelors mo Thutong le ya masetase mo thutong a tlhomile mogopolo mo dikaong tsa thuto tsa [[:en:United_States|United States]] le [[:en:Japan|Japane]]. Ka 1996, o ne a thapiwa jaaka motsamaisi mo Lephateng la Thuto la Foreisetata. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokaedi mo Kantorong ya Maemo a Basadi ka 2001. Tonakgolo [[:en:Beatrice_Marshoff|Beatrice Marshoff]] o ne a mo tlhoma go nna mogokaganyi wa Dithuso tsa Mafaratlhatlha tsa Mmasepala.<ref>Ndaba, Baldwin (7 August 2016). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2016-08-07-no-sleepless-nights-over-victory/ "No sleepless nights over victory"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Mlamleli o tlhophilwe go nna Leloko la [[:en:Free_State_Provincial_Legislature|Lekgotla la Peomolao la Porofense ya Foreisetata]] ka [[:en:2009_South_African_general_election|2009]].<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/documents/free-state-mpls-elected-april-22 "Free State MPLs elected April 22"]. ''Politicsweb (IEC)''. 30 April 2009. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Lekgotla la peomolao le mo tlhopha jaaka modulasetilo wa komiti ya taolo ya kompone, merero ya setso le bonno jwa batho. Ka 2012, tonakgolo [[:en:Ace_Magashule|Ace Magashule]] o ne a mo tlhoma go nna MEC wa photefolio eo, a latelela [[:en:Mamiki_Qabathe|Mamiki Qabathe]].<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2012-02-22-da-free-state-cabinet-reshuffle-political/ "DA: Free State cabinet reshuffle 'political'"]. IOL. 22 February 2012. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>O ne a nna mo maemong ao morago ga [[:en:2014_South_African_general_election|ditlhophokakaretso tsa 2014.]]<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2014-05-29-new-faces-in-free-state-executive/ "New faces in Free State executive"]. ''IOL''. Bloemfontein. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Mlamleli o dirile jaaka modulasetulo wa porofense ya [[:en:African_National_Congress_Women's_League|Liki ya Basadi ya Lekgotla la Bosetšhaba la Aforika]].O tlhalosiwa jaaka mongwe yo o tsamaelanang le mokwaledi-kakaretso wa ANC le tonakgolo ya maloba Magashule.<ref>Naki, Eric (27 February 2017). [https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/magashule-finally-has-a-real-challenger-to-the-throne/ "Magashule finally has a real challenger to the throne"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 19 June 2020. <q>Mlamleli is an ANC Women's League provincial chairperson and Magashule's staunch supporter.</q></ref> == Boratoropo == Mlamleli o ne a tlhophiwa jaaka ntlhopheng wa ratoropo wa ANC wa [[:en:Mangaung_Metropolitan_Municipality|Mmasepala wa Toropokgolo ya Mangaung]].<ref>Molatlhwa, Olebogeng (4 July 2016). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2016-07-04-thabo-manyoni-surprised-by-his-axing/# "Thabo Manyoni surprised by his axing"]. ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> ANC e ne ya boloka bontsi jwa yone mo khanseleng mo [[:en:2016_South_African_municipal_elections|ditlhophong tsa bommasepala tsa Phatwe 2016]]. Ka ntlha ya moo, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna ratoropo fa lekgotla le ne le kopana gape ka 18 Phatwe.<ref>[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/two-former-mayors-sworn-mangaung-council-meeting/ "Two former mayors sworn in during Mangaung council meeting"]. ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>O ne a nna ratoropo wa ntlha wa mosadi wa toropo.<ref>[https://www.ofm.co.za/article/local-news/191254/mlamleli-ready-to-lead-mangaung "Mlamleli ready to lead Mangaung"]. ''OFM''. 20 June 2020. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>Moletlo wa go tlhomamisiwa ga gagwe o ne wa tshwarwa ka Lwetse.<ref>[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/olly-mlamleli-officialy-inaugurated/ "Olly Mlamleli officia [''sic''<nowiki>] inaugurated"</nowiki>]. ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>Mlamleli o ne a tlhomiwa go nna modulasetulo wa porofense ya SALGA ka Ngwanatsele 2016.<ref>"[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/mlamleli-new-free-state-salga-provincial-chairperson/ Mlamleli new Free State Salga Provincial Chairperson"]. ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 17 November 2016. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Ka nako ya fa a ne a le ratoropo, setheo sa go lekanya sa [[:en:Moody's_Ratings|Moody's]] se ne sa isa maemo a mmasepala kwa B3 ka Phatwe 2019, ka go bolela gore tirelo ya mmasepala e ka nna ya phutlhama fa go sena tsereganyo ya ka bonako. <ref>Nqola, Robinson (11 August 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221022063616/https://ewn.co.za/2019/08/11/mangaung-to-take-radical-action-following-moody-s-downgrade "Mangaung to take 'radical action' following Moody's downgrade"]. ''EWN''. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> E ne ya fokodiwa gape go nna Caa1 ka Ferikgong 2020 ka ntlha ya matshwenyego a go tlhoka madi.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/business/economy/moodys-downgrades-mangaung-municipality-even-further-20200128 "Moody's downgrades Mangaung Municipality even further"]. ''Fin24''. 28 January 2020. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>ANC ya kgaolo e ne ya kopa gore a tlosiwe,<ref>Choane, Pulane (31 July 2019). [https://www.ofm.co.za/article/centralsa/276726/anc-mangaung-unhappy-with-mlamleli-s-leadership- "ANC Mangaung unhappy with Mlamleli's leadership"]. ''OFM''. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> le fa go ntse jalo popego ya porofense e ne ya mo sireletsa.<ref>[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/olly-stays-put-says-fs-anc/ "Olly stays put, says FS ANC"]. ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Puso ya porofense e beile mmasepala ka fa tlase ga tsamaiso ka Sedimonthole 2019.<ref>Pijoos, Iavan (20 December 2019). [https://www.sowetan.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-12-20-mangaung-metro-placed-under-administration/ "Mangaung metro placed under administration"]. ''SowetanLIVE''. Retrieved22-11-25</ref>Mlamleli o ne a falotse patlo maikutlo a mabedi a go tlhoka tshepo.<ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/mangaung-mayor-olly-mlamleli-survives-second-motion-of-no-confidence/ "Mangaung mayor Olly Mlamleli survives second motion of no confidence"]. The Citizen. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Ka di Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le supa ka 2020, go ne ga tshwarwa ya boraro, e mo go yone makoko a kganetso a neng a bolela fa a tlositswe.<ref>McCain, Nicole (8 August 2020). [https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/mangaung-mayor-ousted-in-motion-of-no-confidence-20200808 "Mangaung mayor ousted in motion of no confidence"]. News24. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>Go ne ga nna le tiego ya ntlha ka ntlha ya go tlhaela ga quorum.<ref>Ntshidi, Edwin (10 August 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221019075605/https://ewn.co.za/2020/08/10/is-mlamleli-in-or-out-as-mangaung-mayor-speaker-says-too-early-to-tell "Is Mlamleli in or out as Mangaung mayor? Speaker says too early to tell"]. ''EWN''. Johannesburg. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref>Sebui [[Mxolisi Ashford]] o ne a itsise ka di Phatwe e tlhola malatsi a le lesome le bone gore makhanselara a le masome a mararo le bongwe a ne a tlhopha go batla maikutlo,ba le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ba ne ba le kgatlhanong, fa ba le borobabongwe ba ne ba senya ditlhopho tsa bona, ka jalo ba tlosa Mlamleli jaaka ratoropo. [[Lebohang Masoetsa]] jaanong ke ratoropo yo o dirang tiro ya gagwe go fitlha khansele e kopana go tlhopha boeteledipele jo boša.<ref>Nkuyane, Lucky (14 August 2020). [https://www.ofm.co.za/article/centralsa/295854/mlamleli-officially-out-interim-mayor-appointed "Mlamleli officially out, interim mayor appointed".] ''OFM''. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> == Go latofadiwa ka tlolomolao le go tshwarwa == Ka di 30 Lwetse 2020, maloko a lephatla la sepodisi sa Hawks mo Aforika Borwa a ne a tshwara Mlamleli ka ditatofatso tsa bosenyi tse di bakilweng ke konteraka e e neng e tsosa kganetsano ya asbestos e e neng ya dirwa ka nako ya fa a ne a le le MEC mme a tshwarwa kwa bokopanong bsa mapodisi sa Bainsvlei.<ref name=":0" />Basekisiwa ba bangwe ba ga Mlameli le bone ba ne ba tla tshwarwa.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/ "More than 100 people have now been arrested in SA's recent corruption blitz – here's the list"]. Business Insider South Africa. 11 November 2020. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> Batho botlhe ba le supa ba ba latofaditsweng mo kgetsing ya bonweenwee jwa asbestos, go akaretsa le Mlamleli, ba ne ba newa sebaka sa bo emela tshekiso kwa ntle ga kgolegelo.<ref>Meyer, Dan (2 October 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250120171350/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/free-state-asbestos-corruption-case-sodi-friday-2-october/ "Just in: Seven Free State asbestos project accused granted bail".] The South African. Retrieved 22-11-25</ref> == Metswedi == qygzhs7sexf73iecb6lywilbwkjkm01 0 11963 51065 50140 2026-06-19T12:53:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Cadorette''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ele masome a mararo le bongwe (31) ka ngwaga wa 1957) <ref name=":0">"Today in History - Famous Birthdays - March 31st". Archived from the original on 2022-09-03. Retrieved September 3, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220628003842/https://www.historyhop.com/famous-birthdays/day/march/31 2022]</ref>ke motshameki wa mo Amerika yo o itsegeng thata ka go tshameka moratiwa wa ga Jack Tripper, Vicky Bradford, mo go [[Three's a Crowd]]. == Thuto == Cadorette o ne a aloga ka BFA mo Dramatic Arts le Theatre kwa [[University of Connecticut]] <ref>Rizzo, Frank (October 6, 2011). "David Patrick Kelly Stars in 'Our Town'". ''The [https://www.courant.com/2011/10/06/david-patrick-kelly-stars-in-our-town/ Courant]''</ref> ka ngwaga wa 1979. == Ditirelo tsa thelebishene, tsa thelebišene le tsa difilimi<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.dmanational.org/solo-title-winners |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-11-22 |archive-date=2026-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106055858/https://www.dmanational.org/solo-title-winners |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ka ngwaga wa 1974, Cadorette o ne a tsaya karolo mo kgaisanong ya go bina mme a fenya Miss Dance of America Title.<ref name=":1" /> <ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Q-VLAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA22&dq=mary+cadorette+eisen&article_id=2253,1170141&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=mary%20cadorette%20eisen&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-VLAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA22&dq=mary+cadorette+eisen&article_id=2253,1170141&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3qoaJ2YGRAxUfMWIAHVtED-kQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&q=mary%20cadorette%20eisen&f=false]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1976, o ne a tsaya karolo mo kgaisanong ya Miss America jaaka "Miss Connecticut". <ref>"Miss America 1976 Candidates".[https://missamerica.org/titleholders/1976-candidates/]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1981, o ne a tshameka mo dipapatsong. <ref>Dougherty, Philip H. (23 October 1981). "Advertising; Alexander's Takes Aim at Image". ''The New York [https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/23/business/advertising-alexander-s-takes-aim-at-image.html Times]''</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 1984, batlhagisi ba Three's Company ba ne ba swetsa kwa bokhutlong jwa setlha sa boferabobedi( 8) gore ba ne ba tlile go ntsha lenaneo le lesha le le neng le na le John Ritter yo o neng a ratana le mongwe. Basadi ba ba fetang 500 ba ne ba tsenela ditlhatlhobo tsa go tshameka karolo ya moratiwa yo o neng a tla bidiwa [[Vicky Bradford]].<ref name=":2">^{[''dead YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYjpck4fNCM link]''}</ref> Ka nako ya ditlhatlhobo Ritter o ne a ikutlwa a golagane le Cadorette,<ref name=":2" />yo o neng a tshameka jaaka mofofisi wa sefofane Vicky Bradford, mme o ne a itsisiwe mo thulaganyong ya Three's Company ya "Cupid Works Overtime".[citation needed] Cadorette jaaka Vicky o ne a tlhagelela mo dikgaolong tse dingwe tse pedi tsa Three's Company pele a simolola jaaka motshameki-mmogo mo [[Three's a Crowd]]. Lenaneo le ne la tsaya lobaka lwa ngwaga o le mongwe. Cadorette o ne a tshameka mo mafelong a mantsi a go jewang dijo tsa maitseboa mo go one le mokgatlho wa United States. Gape o ne a fetsa dingwaga di le tharo le sephatlo kwa Broadway jaaka motshameki wa maemo a bobedi wa karolo ya "Peggy Sawyer" mo mminong wa Broadway wa [[42nd Street]]. Moragonyana o ne a nna le seabe seo. Ka ngwaga wa 1990, o ne a nna le seabe sa go boaboeletsa sa Margaret Turner mo Night Court.<ref name=":0" /> Cadorette o ne a tshameka mo difiliming di le dintsi, go akaretsa le ya Stewardess School le ya The Rat Pack. Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980 o ne a bonwa gape mo mananeong a le mmalwa a metshameko, go akaretsa The [[$25,000 Pyramid,]] Super Password, le Body Language. == Moragonyana ga tiro/boela kwa Connecticut == Ka ngwaga wa 1999, Cadorette o ne a tswa kwa California mme a boela gae kwa Connecticut go ya go tlhokomela mmaagwe yo o neng a itewa ke seterouku. Mmaagwe o ne a tlhokafala dingwaga di le robedi moragonyana. O tsweletse go tshameka mo ditshamekong tsa selegae, jaaka go tshameka Mrs. Gibbs kwa [[Our Town]] kwa [[Connecticut Repertory Theatre]] ka ngwaga wa 2011.<ref>"Our Town Opens at Connecticut Repertory Theatre 10/6-16".[https://www.broadwayworld.com/connecticut/article/Our-Town-Opens-At-Connecticut-Repertory-Theatre-106-16-20110906]</ref> == Porojeke ya Tantshe ya Chapeau Rouge == Cadorette le ditsala tsa gagwe tse pedi, tse a neng a sa bolo go di itse fa e sa le ba tsena sekolo sa go tantsha ba sa le bana, ba ne ba swetsa go simolola go tantsha gape le go abelana bokgoni jwa bone le maitemogelo a bone. Ba ne ba bopa "The Chapeau Rouge Dance Project", ba rotloetsa baithuti ba ba kileng ba bo ba sa tlhole ba ithuta go bina, ba ba tlogetseng tiro, (mme gantsi e le ba ba godileng) go tsenela ditlelase mo studio sa go bina se ba neng ba se hirile.<ref>"Mary Cadorette-Harris". ''The Chapeau Rouge Dance Project''. Archived from the original on July 9, 2009. Retrieved February 22, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090709061233/http://www.chapeaurougedance.com/bio_harris.html 2022]</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Cadorette o kile a nyalwa ke Michael Eisen.<ref>"Mirthful Mystery Aboard the Monterey Express : Caper Helps Draw Attention to Cancer Support Group". ''Los Angeles Times''. 24 July 1986.[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-07-24-vw-31449-story.html]</ref> Moragonyana, o ne a nyala William Harris, mme a dirisa leina la Mary Cadorette-Harris. William Harris o tlhokafetse ka kgwedi ya lwetse ele lesome le botlhano(15), ka ngwaga wa 2010.<ref>"William David HARRIS Obituary: View William HARRIS's Obituary by Hartford Courant". Legacy.com. Retrieved 2014-01-31.[https://www.legacy.com/link.asp?I=LS146072140&fhid=4122]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a thola bongwe (1) ka ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a nyala moratiwa wa gagwe wa bongwana Michael Daly. <ref name=":3">"About Nug & Bug". ''Nug and Bug Antiques & Collectibles''. Archived from the original on August 24, 2018. Retrieved February 22, 2022.[https://web.archive.org/web/20180824064105/http://nugandbug.com/about_us]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2014, Cadorette o ne a bula lebenkele la dilwana tsa bogologolo kwa Marlborough, Connecticut, le le bidiwang Nug and Bug Antique Collectibles.<ref name=":3" /> 8eqndwlwsejdgz6u8x8nbdbcqfa2wds 0 12008 51062 47079 2026-06-19T12:33:34Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Mamiki Qabathe|office=Mokhanselara wa [[Free State]] wa ditlhabololo|term_start=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 2019|term_end=Mopitlo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2023|premier=[[Sisi Ntombela]]|predecessor=[[Butana Komphela]]|successor=[[Motshidisi Koloi]]|office1=Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Free State|term_start1=Mopitlo 2015|term_end1=Motsheganong 2019|premier1=[[Ace Magashule]]|predecessor1=[[Sisi Mabe]]|successor1=[[Zanele Sifuba]]|office2=Mokhanselara wa Free State wa temothuo|term_start2=Motsheganong 2013|term_end2=Mopitlo 2015|premier2=[[Ace Magashule]]|predecessor2=[[Msebenzi Zwane]]|successor2=[[Msebenzi Zwane]]|office3=Mokhanselara wa Free State wa tlhabolo itsholelo, bojanala le tikologo|term_start3=Tlhakole 2012|term_end3=Mopitlo 2013|premier3=[[Ace Magashule]]|predecessor3=[[Mxolisis Dukwana]]|successor3=Msebenzi Zwane|office4=Mothusa mokwaledi wa African national Congress wa Free State|term_start4=Phukwi 2008|term_end4=Mopitlo 2021|predecessor4=[[Sibongile Besani]]|birth_place=[[Hennenman]] [[Orange Free State]]|party=[[African National Congress]]|alma_mater=[[Vista University]]}} '''Motlagomang Grazy "Mamiki" Qabathe''' ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] wa kwa [[Free State]]. O ne a emetse phathi ya [[African National Congress]] (ANC) kwa palamenteng ya Free State gareng ga Ferikgong 2008 le Motsheganong 2024. Ka nako eo o ne a bereka mo khanseleng ya Free State  ka 2008 go tsena Motsheganong 2024.  Ka nako eo o berekile mo khanseleng ya Free State ka dingwaga tsa 2008 go tsena 2023, kwa ntleng ga nako e a neng a le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Free State go tswa ka 2015 go tsena 2019. Qabathe o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki e le molweladitshwanelo wa lekgotla la babereki la Aforika Borwa, le e le mmatoropo wa ntlha wa mmasepala wa [[Lejweleputswa]]. O thapilwe lantlha kwa khanseleng ya Free State ka Firikgong 2008 ka fa tlase ga ga moeteledipele [[Beatrice Marshoff]] a nna mo setilong seo mo sebakeng sa ntlha sa ga moeteledipele [[Ace Magashule]]. O berekile mo maemong a a farologaneng, e le mokhanselara wa temothuto, le ka fa tlase ga ga Magashule e le mothusa mokwaledi wa kgaolo wa lekalana la ANC la Free State go tswa ka 2008 fo tsena 2021. Morago ga dingwaga tse nne e le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente  go tswa ka 2015 go tsena 2019, Qabathe o ne a boela kwa khanseleng e le mokhanselara wa ditlhabololo go tswa ka Motsheganong 2019 go tsena Mopitlwe 2023. O ne a kobiwa ke moeteledipele [[Mxolisi Dukwana]] ka Mopitlwe 2023 a tswa mo khanseleng ya kgaolo ka ditlhopho tsa Motsheganong 2024. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le tiro == Qabathe o bonetswe kwa [[Hennenman]] a golela kwa [[Meloding]], motsana o o kwa ntle ga [[Virginia]] kwa e leng Free State gompieno (e ne e le [[Orange Free State]]).<ref name=":0">[http://127.0.0.1/ "Profile of the MEC".] ''Department of Agriculture & Rural Development''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> O ne a nna matlhagatlhaga mo polotiking ya banana kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele ka 1986, fa a le moithuti kwa [[Vista University]] kwa [[Bloemfontein]], kwa a neng a nna leloko la Azania Students Organisation.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 1987 o ne a simolola tiro kwa khanseleng ya toropo ya Meloding ngwaga o o latelang a thapiwa kwa lekgotleng la babereki ba mmasepala (South African Municipal Workers Union), le le neng le berekisana le makgotla a a kopaneng a babereki ba Aforika Borwa (Congress of South African Trade Unions). Mo dingwageng tse di latelang, o ne a tlhatloga maemo mo SAMWU, pele e le mokhanselara wa lebentlele go nna motshwara madi wa kgaolo le mothusa tautona wa bobedi.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a na le seabe gape mo lekalaneng la COSATU le morago ga phelelo ya puso ya tlhaolele ka 1994 o ne a nna le seabe mo African National Congress le lekgotla la teng la bomme.<ref name=":0" /> Fa mmasepala wa Lejweleputswa o tlhamiwa ka 2000, o ne a emela ANC e le mmatoropo wa ntlha wa kgaolo eo.<ref name=":0" /> == Puso ya kgaolo == === Boeteledipele jwa ga Marshoff: 2008 go tsena 2009 === Ka Ferikgong 2008, Qabathe o ne a isiwa kwa khanseleng ya Free State ke [[Beatrice Marshoff]], moeteledipele wa nako eo  wa Free State.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a nna leloko la khansele ya temothuo.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi ngwaga oo, o ne a tlhatloga e le lantlha kwa nngweng ya diofisi tse tlhano tse ditona tsa ANC mo kgaolong ya Free State, o ne a tlhophiwa a sa ganediwe e le mothhsa mokwaledi wa kgaolo ya Free State wa ANC, a bereka  ka fa tlase ga ga [[Ace Magashule]], e le modulasetilo wa kgaolo, le [[Sibongile Besani]], e le mokwaledi wa kgaolo.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2008-07-24-no-opposition-as-free-state-anc-elects-leaders/ "No opposition as Free State ANC elects leaders".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 24 July 2008. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Ka Phalane, Marshoff o ne a itsise ka tswakanyo e mo go yone Qabathe a neng a nna mokhanselara wa metshameko, botaki le ngwao, o ne a nna mo maemong ao mo sebakeng sa ga Marshoff a le mo ofising.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/fs-reshuffles-cabinet-20081022 "FS reshuffles cabinet".] ''News24''. 23 October 2008. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> === Boeteledipele jwa ga Magashule:2009 go tsena 2018 === === Maemo a mo khanseleng === Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Marshoff o ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke Ace Magashule e le moeteledipele wa kgaolo ya Free State. Mo khanseleng e ntsha ya ga Magashule, Qabathe o ne a busediwa kwa maemong a gagwe a pele e le mokhanselara wa temothuo.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2009-05-11-free-state-provincial-ministers-announced/ "Free State provincial ministers announced".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 11 May 2009. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Mo dingwageng tse nne tse di latelang, Qabathe o ne a fetola maemo mo go tswakaneyeng matona kgapetsakgapetsa ga ga Magashule<ref>[https://www.premier.fs.gov.za/files/media-articles/Magashule%20shuffles%20MECs,%20February%202011.pdf "Magashule Shuffles MECs"] (PDF). ''Premier of the Free State''. 4 February 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref>. O ne a fudusediwa kwa lephateng la puso ya tirisanommogo, bojanala le tsa tikologo ka Tlhakole 2011;<ref>[https://www.gov.za/news/media-statements/premier-reshuffles-free-state-executive-council-22-feb-2012 "Premier reshuffles Free State Executive Council"]. ''South African Government''. 22 February 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/free-state-reshuffle-political-da-20120222 "Free State reshuffle political – DA"]. ''News24''. 23 February 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> a boela gape kwa lephateng la temothuo (le ka nako eo le neng le akaretsa tlhabololo magae) ka Mopitlo 2013.<ref>[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/cabinet-reshuffle/ "Cabinet reshuffle".] ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 20 March 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Mo ditlhophong tsa 2014, Qabatheo ne a tlhophiwa gape mo maemong a gagwe kwa khanseleng ya Free State, a le mo maemong a borobabobedi a lenaane la ANC. Magashule o le ene a neng a tlhophilwe gape, o ne a mo tlogela mo maemong a mokhanselara wa temothuo le tlhabololo magae.<ref>[https://www.ofm.co.za/article/local-news/147200/magashule-announces-his-cabinet "Magashule announces his cabinet".] ''OFM''. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/drum/news/new-faces-in-fstate-executive-20170728 "New faces in FState executive".] ''Drum''. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> ==== Motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya Free State ==== Ka Mopitlwe a le lesome le bonngwe ngwaga wa 2015, o ne a tlhophiwa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa kgaolo ya Free State ka jalo a tswa mo khanseleng, o ne a tlhatlhama Sisi Mabe, o o tlhokafetseng ka 2014, [[Msebenzi Zwane]] a mo tlhatlhama e le mokhanselara wa temothuo ka Motsheganong.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250121161931/https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/mamiki-qabathe-vs-se-nuwe-speaker/ "Mamiki Qabathe VS se nuwe speaker".] ''Bloemfontein Courant'' (in Afrikaans). 11 March 2015. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/ace-reshuffles-cabinet/ "Ace reshuffles cabinet".] ''Bloemfontein Courant''. 6 May 2015. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> === Porojekete ya Vrede ya maši === Pereko ya ga Qabathe e le mokhanselara ka fa tlase ga ga Magashule morago e ne ya baka dingangisano ka ntlha ya go tsaya karolo ga gagwe mo go tlhameng porojeke ya masi ya Vrede, e e tlhamilweng ka 2012 mme ya tswelela ka sebaka sa boraro sa ga Qabathe e le mokhanselara wa temothuo go tswa ka 2013 go tsena 2015. Porojeke e o e ne ya tlhotlhomisiwa morago ke moatlhodimogolo  [[Busisiwe Mkhwebane]] o a neng a atlhola ka 2020 gore Qabathe le Magashule le Msebenzi Zwane ba ba mo tlhatlhameng kgotsa a ba tlhatlhame mo lephateng la temothuo, ba bonwe molato wa go tlhoka go tsamaisa sentle ka a ne a reteletswe ke fo diragatsa tiro ya gagwe ya molaomotheo mo go kgotsofatseng porojekete.<ref name=":1">Singh, Kaveel (21 December 2020). [https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/mkhwebane-on-vrede-dairy-project-ace-magashule-and-co-failed-to-hold-state-functions-to-account-20201221 "Mkhwebane on Vrede dairy project: Ace Magashule and co 'failed' to hold state functions to account".] ''News24''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Mkhwebane o ne a gakolola gore puso ya Free State e akanye ka go seegela Qabathe thoko ka seabe sa gagwe mo porojekeng ya masi ya Vrede.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2020-12-21-ace-magashule-failed-to-ensure-accountability-in-vrede-project-finds-public-protector/ "Ace Magashule failed to ensure accountability in Vrede project, finds public protector".] ''Sunday Times''. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Phathi ya kganetso ya [[Economic Freedom Fighters]] e ne ya re Qabathe a rolwe marapo,<ref>[https://fs.da.org.za/2021/06/da-welcomes-vrede-dairy-arrests "DA welcomes Vrede Dairy arrests"]. ''Democratic Alliance – Free State''. 3 June 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> fa ya [[Democratic Alliance]] (DA) e ne ya re lekgotla la ditshekatsheko le le faphegileng le mo tlhotlhomise ene le matona a mangwe a puso.<ref>Fortuin, Justine (30 August 2021). [https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/eff-calls-on-fs-premier-to-fire-mec-over-vrede-dairy-project/ "EFF calls on FS Premier to fire MEC over #Vrede Dairy Project".] ''Bloemfontein Courant''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> DA e ne ya re fa godimo ga go palelwa ga gagwe e le mokhanselara, Qabathe o ne a sireletsa Zwane mo go tseyeng maikarabelo fa a le motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente.<ref>[https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/national/2019-07-22-ace-magashule-and-mosebenzi-zwane-opted-for-personal-insults-over-questions-about-vrede-dairy-project/ "Ace Magashule and Mosebenzi Zwane 'opted for personal insults' over questions about Vrede dairy project".] ''Business Day''. 22 July 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> === Go tlhophiwa gale e le mothusa mokwaledi wa ANC === Qabathe o ne a tlhophiwa gape mo ofising ya gagwe ya phathi e le mothusa mokwaledi wa ANC ka Motsheganong 2013<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2013-05-11-free-state-anc-re-elects-ace-magashule-without-objections/ "Free State ANC re-elects controversial Ace Magashule".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> le Morule 2017<ref>[https://mg.co.za/article/2017-12-12-ace-magashule-scores-another-term-as-free-state-anc-leader/ "Ace Magashule scores another term as Free State ANC leader".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 12 December 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref>, e ntse e le ka fa tlase ga modulasetilo wa kgaolo Magashule. Moragonyana ga go tlhophiwa gape ka 2017, maduo a ditlhopho a ne a latofadiwa ke kgotlatshekelo ka ntlha ya go tlhoka go tsamaya sentle ga ditlhopho, mme Qabathe o ne a tlhilomiwa e le leloko la setlhopha sa nakwana se se kgobokantsweng ke ANC go etelela pele phathi ya kgaolo go fitlhelela ditlhopho di tshwarwa gape.<ref>Nicolson, Greg (5 March 2018). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-03-05-magashule-holds-the-aces-hes-still-the-hidden-hand-in-the-free-state-say-anc-members/ "Magashule holds the Aces: He's still the 'hidden hand' in the Free State, say ANC members"]. ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> === Boeteledipele jwa ga Ntombela: 2018 go tsena 2023 === Fa ditlhopho tsa ANC di ne di tshwarwa gape ka Motsheganong 2018, Qabathe o ne a tlhophiwa a sa emiwa kgatlhanong ke ope, e le mothusa mokwaledi wa kgaolo, a bereka ka fa tlase ga ga [[Sam Mashinini]], o a neng a tlhatlhama Magashule e le modulasetilo, le mokwaledi wa kgaolo Paseka Nompondo.<ref>Moses, Andrew (20 May 2018). [https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2018-05-20-sam-mashinini-elected-free-state-provincial-chairperson/ "Sam Mashinini elected Free State provincial chairperson". ''I'']''OL''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Mo ditlhophong tsa 2019, o ne a nna mo maemong a bobedi a ANC a tlhophiwa gale mo palamenteng ya kgaolo.<ref name=":2">[https://www.pa.org.za/person/motlagomang-grazy-qabathe/ "Motlagomang Grazy Qabathe"]. ''People's Assembly''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Mo boemong jwa go batla go tlhophiwa gape e le motsamaisa dipuisano, o ne a busiwa e le mokhanselara,kwa [[Sisi Ntombela]], motlhatlhami wa ga Magashule e le moeteledipele, a mo tlhone mokhanselara wa ditlhabololo tsa magae.<ref>[https://www.gov.za/news/speeches/premier-sisi-ntombela-announcement-free-state-executive-council-28-may-2019 "Premier Sisi Ntombela: Announcement of Free State Executive Council".] ''South African Government''. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref>  Sebaka sa gagwe e le mothusa mokwaledi wa ANC se ne sa fela ka 2021 fa ANC e ne e koba baeteledipele ba kgaolo.<ref>[https://mg.co.za/politics/2021-04-09-ramaphosa-instructs-dissolved-free-state-pec-to-compromise/ "Ramaphosa instructs dissolved Free State PEC to compromise".] ''The Mail & Guardian''. 9 April 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> === Boeteledipele jwa ga Dukwana:2023 go tsena 2024 === Ka Mopitlwe 2023, Qabathe o ne a kobiwa mo khanseleng ya ga [[Mxolisi Dukwana]], o a neng a tlhatlhame Ntombela e le moeteledipele morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga Ntombela kgwedi e e fetileng.<ref>OFM. [https://www.ofm.co.za/article/centralsa/322609/dukwanas-exco-out-with-the-old-in-with-the-new "Dukwana's Exco: Out with the old, in with the new"]. ''OFM''. Retrieved 24 November 2025</ref> Qabathe o berekile a le kwa morago mo palamenteng ya kgaolo go fitlhelela ka ditlhopho tsa  Motsheganong 2024, fa a ne a tlogela setilo sa gagwe.<ref name=":2" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == O nyetswe ebile o na le bana ba le bararo.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == fdrbjhq62sayb6449kf9qazw54qun4i 0 12038 51118 45150 2026-06-19T21:11:09Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peggy Tsiang Cherng''' (o tshotswe ka ngwaga wa 1947 kgotsa 1948 )Ke mogwebi wa mosadi wa kwa Amerika wa mogwebi le moitsesaense wa dikhomputara yo o neng a thaya Panda Express ka ngwaga wa 1983 mme ke motsamaisimogolo wa Panda Restaurant Group . Ka tlhotlhwa e e fopholediwang go nna US$3.7 billion go tloga kakgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2024, Forbes e begile gore ke mosadi wa bobedi yo o humileng go gaisa mo Amerika yo o itiretseng ka boena yo o tsholetsweng kwa ntle ga US le mongwe wa batho ba le 400 ba ba humileng go gaisa mo lefatsheng. <ref name=":0">"Rihanna, Celine Dion, Safra Catz: Here Are The Most Successful Immigrant Women In The U.S." ''forbes.com''. 2019-06-06. Retrieved 2019-06-[https://www.forbes.com/sites/denizcam/2019/06/06/rihanna-celine-dion-safra-catz-immigrant-self-made-women-america-successful-entrepreneur/#2bd1183e5b23 19]</ref><ref>"The Forbes 400 List 2024 – The Richest People in America Ranked". ''Forbes''. Retrieved 2024-10-04.[https://www.forbes.com/forbes-400/]</ref> Ba Cherng ba beeletsa khumo ya bona kwa ofising ya bone ya lelapa, e leng Cherng Family Trust. == Botshelo le thuto == Peggy Tsiang o belegetswe kwa Mawlamyine, kwa Myanmar, mme a golela kwa Hong Kong. O ne a tsena sekolo sa Clementi Secondary School kwa Hong Kong <ref name=":0" /> mme a aloga ka ngwaga wa 1966.<ref name=":1">"How Did I Get Here? Peggy Cherng". ''bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 2018-05-01.[https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2016-how-did-i-get-here/peggy-cherng.html]</ref> O ne a ya kwa United States go ya go tsena kwa Baker University kwa Baldwin City, Kansas, kwa a neng a kopana le monna wa gagwe, Andrew Cherng, yo o neng a le mo ngwageng wa bobedi..<ref>"A Passion for Panda". ''pasadenaweekly.com''. 2011-07-01. Archived from the original on 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-04-[https://web.archive.org/web/20180504012611/https://www.pasadenaweekly.com/2011/07/01/a-passion-for-panda 30]</ref> O ne a fudugela kwa Oregon State University ngwaga morago ga moo, kwa a neng a bona dikirii ya bachelor mo applied mathematics ka ngwaga wa 1970.<ref name=":1" /><ref>"Cherngs honored for contributions in L.A. area" (PDF). ''bakeru.edu''. Retrieved 2018-04-30.[https://web.archive.org/web/20260206220721/http://www.bakeru.edu/images/pdf/Alumni/BakerPride_Spring08.pdf]</ref>O ne a ya kwa Yunibesithing ya Missouri, a bona dikerii ya master mo computer science ka ngwaga wa 1971, le PhD mo electrical engineering ka ngwaga wa 1974.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Tsiang, Peggy Pui-Kee (1974). ''Computer analysis of chest radiographs using size and shape descriptors'' (Ph.D.). University of Missouri. OCLC 12702017. ProQuest 302753191.[https://www.proquest.com/docview/302753191/]</ref>O ne a dira go fitlhelela PhD ya gagwe ka go tlhama thulaganyo ya go lemoga dipopego e e neng ya dira dijitale tsa X-rays le go dirisa di-algorithms go tlhatlhoba bolwetse jwa pelo jo bo tsalwang. Morago ga go bona PhD ya gagwe, ene le Andrew ba ne ba fudugela kwa Los Angeles kwa ba neng ba nyalana teng.<ref>"The Tao of Panda Express". ''lamag.com''. 2015-04-20. Retrieved 2018-04-[https://lamag.com/food/tao-panda/ 30]</ref> == Tiro ya gagwe ya pele == Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1975 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1977, Cherng e ne e le moenjiniri yo o kgethegileng kwa McDonnell Douglas, kwa a neng a kwala dikhoutu tsa di-simulator tsa ntwa tsa Sesole sa Difofane sa US.<ref name=":1" /> Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1977 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1982, e ne e le moenjiniri wa setegeniki le mookamedi wa lefapha la software kwa Comtal Corporation, e leng setlamo sa 3M.<ref name=":1" /> == Setlhopha sa Diresetšhurente sa Panda == Setlhogo se segolo: Panda Restaurant Group Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo ka ngwaga wa 1973, Andrew Cherng mmogo le rraagwe Ming Tsai Cherng ba ne ba tsaya resetšhurente mme ba simolola resetšhurente e ntšha ya Se-China e e bidiwang Panda Inn kwa Pasadena, California, ba dirisa madi a lelapa le kadimo ya Small Business Administration. <ref>"A Passion for Panda". ''pasadenaweekly.com''. 2011-07-01. Archived from the original on 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-05-[https://web.archive.org/web/20180504012611/https://www.pasadenaweekly.com/2011/07/01/a-passion-for-panda/ 01]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1982, Peggy Cherng o ne a tlogela Comtal mme a nna Mookamedi wa Ditirelo kwa Panda Restaurant Group.<ref name=":1" />Ka ngwaga wa 1982, o ne a aga ditsamaiso tsa khomputara tsa khampani ya resetšhurente go latedisa dikakgelo tsa bareki le go tokafatsa ditiro. <ref name=":2">"Peggy Cherng". ''[https://www.forbes.com/profile/peggy-cherng/ Forbes]''</ref>O ne a dirisa dikhomputara go latedisa ditlamelo le go di rulaganya gape.<ref>Abadi, Mark. "Meet the billionaire couple behind Panda Express, who run nearly 2,000 restaurants and sell 90 million pounds of orange chicken a year". ''Business [https://www.businessinsider.com/panda-express-ceo-andrew-peggy-cherng-2018-3 Insider]''</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1983, ba Cherng ba ne ba bula Panda Express ya ntlha, resetšhurente ya dijo tse di bofefo, kwa mabenkeleng a a neng a sa tswa go bulwa a Glendale Galleria II kwa Glendale, California.<ref name=":3">Krantz, Matt (2006-09-13). "Panda Express spreads Chinese food across USA". ''USA Today''. Retrieved 2018-04-[https://www.usatoday.com/money/companies/management/2006-09-10-entrepreneur-panda-express_x.htm 30]</ref> Motlhami wa lebenkele la mabenkele o ne a jele kwa Panda Inn, mme a rotloetsa ba Cherng go tsaya lefelo kwa kgotleng ya dijo. <ref>Hirsch, Jerry (2009-08-31). "Profile | Andrew Cherng, Panda Express founder". ''Seattle Times''. Retrieved 2018-04-[https://www.seattletimes.com/ 30]</ref>Peggy Cherng o ne a nna Tautona ka ngwaga wa 1997.<ref name=":3" /> O ne a le CEO le Tautona wa Panda Restaurant Group go tloga ka ngwaga wa 1997 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2003, mme ka 2004 o ne a nna modulasetulo le motsamaisimogolo wa Panda Restaurant Group.<ref>How Did I Get Here? Peggy Cherng". ''www.bloomberg.com''. [https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2016-how-did-i-get-here/peggy-cherng.html 2016]</ref>Panda Restaurant Group e rekile ditshiamelo mo diresetšhurenteng tse dingwe tse di jaaka Urbane Cafe, Just Salad, Uncle Tetsu, Pieology le Ippudo. <ref name=":2" />Go tloga ka ngwaga wa 2018, ba Cherngs ba ne ba sa ntse ba sa rekise diresetšhurente tsa Panda Express ntle fela le mo mabakeng a le mmalwa, ba sa ntse ba na le diresetšhurente tsotlhe tsa bone mme ba di tsamaisa ntle le go di phasalatsa.<ref name=":4">Hannon, Kerry (March 22, 2018). "For Panda Express Owners, It's About Family". ''The New York Times'' – via NYTimes.com.[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/business/panda-express-owners.html]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2019, o santse a le motsamaisimogolo wa Panda Express, e e neng e na le mafelo a a fetang 2,200. <ref name=":2" /> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa 2018, banyalani ba ne ba na le madi a a kana ka $3.3 billion.<ref name=":4" />Gape o ne a le #12 mo lenaaneng la Basadi ba ba Itiretseng ba Amerika ka ngwaga wa 2019<ref name=":2" /> ke Forbes. Ka kgwedi ya Diphalane ka ngwaga wa 2019, khampani ya gagwe ya ditlhabololo CFT NV Developments LLC e ne ya reka lefatshe kwa Hawaii ka $10 million.Ene le monna wa gagwe ke batsayakarolo ba bagolo ba Hawaii ba Raising Cane's Chicken Fingers.<ref>Magin, Janis L. (October 10, 2019). "Panda Express founders pay $10M for Oahu land, plan new Raising Cane's restaurant". ''Pacific Business News''.[https://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2019/10/10/panda-express-founders-pay-10m-for-oahu-land-plan.html]</ref> O mo dikomiting tsa lekala la Los Angeles la Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, United Way of Los Angeles, Methodist Hospital of Arcadia le Peter F. Sekolo sa Tsamaiso sa Drucker.<ref>"Peggy Cherng". ''Panda Restaurant Group''. Archived from the original on 2017-04-19. Retrieved 2019-12-02.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170419212810/https://www.pandarg.com/peggy-cherng]</ref> == Tiro ya bopelotshweu == Ka Panda Cares, lekala la philanthropic la Panda Restaurant Group, Peggy le Andrew Cherng e ntse e le baabi ba ka metlha go tshegetsa tlhokomelo ya boitekanelo, thuto ya bana ba ba senang ditirelo tse di lekaneng, dipatlisiso tsa kalafi le tsa akatemi, thuso ya matlhotlhapelo le mabaka a mangwe a bopelotlhomogi. <ref name=":5">Da Rocha, Grace (February 22, 2025). "Historic $17M donation to help Las Vegas' St. Rose Dominican Hospital expand its health services". Greenspan Media Group. Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved 1 July 2025.[https://lasvegassun.com/news/2025/feb/22/historic-17m-donation-to-help-st-rose-dominican-ho/]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2011, ba Cherng ba ne ba ntsha moneelo wa $2.5 million go tshegetsa Collins College of Hospitality Management kwa California State Polytechnic University, Pomona.<ref>"Panda Express founders pledge $2.5 million". ''Fast Casual''. February 28, [https://www.fastcasual.com/news/panda-express-founders-pledge-25-million/ 2011]</ref><ref>Galindo, Erick (March 4, 2011). "Panda's pledge: Founders donate $2.5M to Cal Poly Pomona". ''San Bernardino Sun''. Archived from the original on 2017-04-05.[https://web.archive.org/web/20170405064535/http://www.sbsun.com/article/ZZ/20110304/NEWS/110308713]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe ka ngwaga wa 2017, California Institute of Technology e ne ya itsise gore ba fetola leina la lephata la boenjiniri jwa bongaka go nna Andrew le Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering morago ga go amogela mpho ya diranta di le dimilione di le 30 go tswa go Andrew le Peggy Cherng. <ref>Henry, Jason (March 28, 2017). "Panda Express founders donate $30 million to Caltech in hopes of inspiring other immigrants". ''Pasadena Star-[https://www.pasadenastarnews.com/2017/03/28/panda-express-founders-donate-30-million-to-caltech-in-hopes-of-inspiring-other-immigrants/ News]''</ref>Mo kgweding e e latelang, Yunibesiti ya Missouri e ne ya itsise gore e amogetse mpho ya diranta di le dimilione di le 1,5 go tswa go bo Cherngs e e neng e tla solegela Honors College molemo.<ref>Jost, Ashley (April 28, 2017). "Panda Express execs give $1.5 million to Mizzou". ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch''.[https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/education/panda-express-execs-give-million-to-mizzou/article_91c7b659-b1ff-522d-9b63-81ad3689a383.html]</ref> Ba-Cherng ba ne ba abela City of Hope diranta di le dimilione di le 100 ka ngwaga wa 2023 go tsweletsa pele kalafi ya kankere e e kopanyang mekgwa ya go alafa ya Botlhaba le ya Bophirima. E ne e le "mpho e kgolo go di gaisa tsotlhe ya tlhokomelo ya kankere" e e amogetsweng ke setheo sa Duarte.<ref>"Panda Express founders donate $100 million to City of Hope for alternative cancer care". ''Los Angeles Times''. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2024-06-[https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2023-09-12/panda-express-founders-donate-100-million-to-city-of-hope-for-alternative-cancer-care 04]</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole ka ngwaga wa 2025, booraCherng ba ne ba ntsha moneelo wa diranta di le dimilione di le lesome le bosupa (17) go St. Rose Dominican Hospital's Siena Campus kwa Henderson, NV. Go ya ka badiredi ba bookelo, e ne e le mpho e kgolo go di gaisa tsotlhe mo hisitoring ya dingwaga di le 78 tsa setheo seno.<ref name=":5" /> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Ba-Cherng ba na le di-dau di le tharo .Mogolwane ke motlhankedi wa letshwaokgolo kwa Panda Express, morwadie wa bobedi o tsamaisa dipeeletso tsa Cherng Family Trust, mme yo mmotlana o dira le Panda Charitable Foundation.<ref name=":1" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2018, go ne ga itsisiwe gore Cherng Family Trust e rekile hotele ya pele ya Mandarin Oriental kwa Las Vegas Strip mme ya e fetola leina ya nna Waldorf Astoria. Tlhwatlhwa yotlhe ya go reka setsha e ne e le $214 million.<ref>"Hilton's Waldorf Astoria to debut in Las Vegas". ''apnews.com''. 30 August 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.[https://apnews.com/travel-general-news-18e2b5d9bd924154928ef9390ac559c3]</ref>Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele ka ngwaga wa 2019, ba Cherng ba nna kwa Henderson, Nevada.<ref>"Andrew & Peggy Cherng's House in Henderson, NV". 24 November 2019.[https://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/andrew-and-peggy-cherngs-house/]</ref> == Metswedi == prc4i328z568peugwvwprq4amuneru1 0 12196 51116 46842 2026-06-19T21:08:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Patricia de Lille|honorific-prefix=Motlotlegi|honorific-suffix=Mopalamente|image=Patricia de Lille, March 2011.jpg|office=Tona wa bojanala|office1=Tona wa ditiro tsa setshaba le dikago|office2=Moeteledipele wa phathi ya Good|office3=Mopalamente|office4=Mmatoropo wa Kapa|office5=Tona wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] wa tlhabololo magae|office6=Moteledipele wa Independent Democrats|office7=Mopalamente wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]]|office8=Moteledipele wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] wa [[Democratic Alliance]]|term_start=Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2023|president=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|deputy=[[Fish Mahlalela]] [[Maggie Sotyu]]|predecessor=[[Lindiwe Sisulu]]|term_start1=Motsheganong a le malatsi a a masome a mararo ngwaga wa 2019|term_end1=Mopitlo a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2023|president1=[[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|deputy1=[[Noxolo Kiviet]]|successor1=[[Sihle Zikalala]]|term_start2=Morule a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 2018|term_start3=Motsheganong a le malatsi a le lesome ngwaga wa 1994|term_end3=Lwetse a le lesome ngwaga wa 2010|term_start4=Seetebosigo a rogwa ngwaga wa 2011|term_end4=Phalane a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2018|deputy4=[[Ian Neilson]]|predecessor4=[[Dan Plato]]|successor4=[[Ian Neilson]] [[Dan Plato]]|term_start5=Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2010|term_end5=Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2011|premier5=[[Helen Zille]]|predecessor5=[[Ivan Meyer]]|successor5=[[Albert Fritz]]|term_start6=Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2003|term_end6=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2014|term_start7=Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2010|term_end7=Motsheganong a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2011|term_start8=Moranang a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 2015|term_end8=Tlhakole a rogwa ngwaga wa 2017|deputy7=[[Bonginkosi Madikizela]]|birth_name=Patricia Lindt|birth_place=[[Beaufort West]]|birth_date=Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngw aga wa 1951|party=[[Good]] (2018 go tsena gompieno)|otherparty=[[Democratic Alliance]] (2010 go tsena 2018) [[Independent Democrats]] (2003 go tsena 20140 [[Pan African Congress]] 91987 go tsena 2003)|spouse=Edwin de Lille (ba nyalane ka 1972; o tlhokafetse ka 2021)|relations=[[Sarah Paulse]] (kgaitsadie)|children=A le mongwe|occupation=. Mopolotiki .leloko la makgotla a babereki. Molweladitshwanelo o o kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele|profession=Chemical technologist}} [[Setshwantsho:Cape Town, Mandela remembrance 2196.jpg|thumb|De Lille kwa moletlong wa segopotsosa ga [[Nelson Mandela]] kwa lobaleng lwametshameko lwa Kapa ka 2013]] '''Patricia de Lille''' (o a neng a fana ka Lindt pele; o o tshotsweng ka Tlhakole a le lesome le bosupa ngwaga wa 1951) ks mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o e leng tona wa bojanala le moeteledipele wa phathi ya sepolotiki ya Good. O berekile e le tona wa ditiro tsa setshaba le dikago go tswa ka 2019 go tsena 2023. Pele e ne e le mmatoropo wa Kapa go tswa ka 2011 go tsena 2018, pelw ga foo e ne e le tona wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] wa ditlhabololo go tswa ka 2010 go tsena 2011. O tlhamile a bo a etelela pele phathi ya [[Independent Democrats]] (ID) , phathi ya sepolotiki e a e tlhamileng ka 2003 ka sebaka sa go fetola diphathi, morago ga a sena go kgaogana le [[Pan Africanist Congress]] (PAC). Ka Phatwe 2010, ID e ne ya kopana le [[Democratic Alliance]], phathi ya kganetso ya semmuso ya kwa Aforika Borwa,<ref>Adams, Nathan (1 June 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120327024437/http://www.eyewitnessnews.co.za/Story.aspx?Id=66964 "De Lille receives Cape Town mayoral chain"]. ''Eyewitness News''. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> mme phathi eo e ne ya phatlaladiwa semmuso ka 2014. Go tswa ka 2015 go tsena 2017, e ne e le moeteledipele wa kgaolo wa Democratic Alliance kwa Kapa Bophirima. De Lille o ne a tlhophiwa e le ntlhopheng DA wa mmatoropo kwa Kapa, a fenya wa nako eo [[Dan Plato]], pele ga ditlhopho tsa mo gae tsa 2011, kwa a neng a tlhophiwa e le mmatoropo. O ne a tlhophiwa gape mo setlheng sa bobedi e le mmatoropo mo ditlhophong tsa 2016.<ref>Brendan Boyle (20 May 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130909223145/http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/article1078849.ece/Patricia-de-Lille-next-mayor-of-Cape-Town "Patricia de Lille next mayor of Cape Town"]. Times LIVE.</ref> De Lille o ne a tlhophilwe wa masome a mabedi le bobedi a le mo lekgolong le le kwa godimo la batho ba Aforika Borwa ba maemo, o itsege ka seabe sa gagwe mo ditshekatshekong tsa dibetsa tse go neng go ngangisanwa ka tsone tsa Aforika Borwa.<ref name=":0">[https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/423/4673.html "The 10 Greatest South Africans of all time".] ''www.bizcommunity.com''. 27 September 2004. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2018, babusi ba DA ba ne ba emisa boloko jwa phathi jwa ga De Lille, ka jalo ba mo ntsha mo maemong a mmatoropo wa DA wa toropo eo.<ref name=":1">[https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/public-reacts-to-delille-ousting-14837973/ "Public reacts to #DeLille ousting".] ''iol.com''. Cape Argus. 8 May 2018. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2018-05-11-da-did-not-follow-proper-procedure-when-removing-delille-court-told/ "DA did not follow proper procedure when removing #DeLille, court told".]</ref> Kgotlatshekelo ya Kapa Bophirima e ne ya emisa go kobiwa ga gagwe ka nakwana.<ref name=":2">Herman, Paul (15 May 2018). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/gloves-off-as-da-declares-de-lilles-return-ceremonial-20180515 "Gloves off as DA declares De Lille's return 'ceremonial'"]. News24.</ref> Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2018, De Lille o ne a itsise ka maikaelelo a gagwe a go ithola marapo jaaka mmatoropo wa Kapa. O ne a ithola marapo a bo a emisa boloko kwa gagwe jwa DA ka Phalane a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2018. Morago ga foo o ne a ya go tlhama phathi ya [[Good]] ka Morule 2018, a supiwa fa e le ntlhopheng wa phathi eo wa boeteledipele jwa Kapa Bophirima ka Tlhakole 2019.<ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190530112911/https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/de-lille-is-back-for-good-20181202 "De Lille is back for 'GOOD'"]. Archived from the original on 30 May 2019. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/de-lille-is-good-premier-candidate-in-fight-for-western-cape-20190210 De Lille is Good premier candidate in fight for Western Cape.] Retrieved on 01 December 2025</ref> O ne a tlhophiwa go ya palamenteng ka Motsheganong 2019, a tlhomamisiwa e le mopalamente ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le bobedi ngwaga wa 2019. Ka Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe ngwaga wa 2019, De Lille o ne a tlhomiwa tona wa pereko le dikago ke tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]]. Ka Mopitlo 2023, o ne a nna tona wa bojanala, a tlhomiwa gape ka Seetebosigo a le masome a mararo ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>[https://www.pa.org.za/person/patricia-de-lille/ "Patricia de Lille"]. ''People's Assembly''.</ref> == Tse di diragetseng pele == De Lille o tshotswe ka 1951 kwa [[Beaufort]] Bophirima, a tsena sekolo sa Bastiaanse Hoerskool.<ref name=":4">[https://sahistory.org.za/search?search_api_fulltext=delille-p&search_api_fulltext_searched_fieldsBD=title&type=biography&sort_by=search_api_relevance "Patricia de Lille".]</ref> Ka 1974, o ne a nna motegeniki wa mo labong kwa madirelong. O ne a tswelela ka go tsaya karolo mo komponeng eo go fitlhelela ka 1990.<ref name=":4" /> Ka nako eo o ne a tsaya karolo mo lekgotleng la babereki ba dichemical, a nna mokwaledi wa kgaolo, pele ga a tlhophiwa leloko ka 1983. <ref name=":4" />Ka 1988, o ne a tlhophiwa mothusa tautona wa khansele ya makgotla a babereki (NACTU), maemo a a kwa godimo a motho wa mme mo letsholong la lekgotla la babereki ka nako eo.<ref name=":4" /> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka 1989, De Lille o ne a tlhophiwa mo komiting ya Pan Africanist Movement (PAM). O ne a etelela pele setlhopha se se neng se buisana ka molaomotheo pele ga ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa puso ya bathp ka batho ka 1994, le morago ga a sena go tlhophiwa mopalamente wa Pan Africanist Congress (PAC),<ref name=":5">[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2003-03-27-de-lille-left-pac-to-find-space-for-herself/ "De Lille left PAC to 'find space for herself' | IOL News"]. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> o ne a tlhomiwa modulasetilo wa komiti ya palamente ya dipalamo ka 1994 go tsena 1999. O berekile gape mo dikomiting tse do farologaneng di akaretsa ya botsogo, ditswammung le kgothetso, pereko, madirelo le ditlhaeletsanyo, komiti ya melao.<ref name=":4" /> Morago o ne a dirisa maemo a gagwe a bopalamente go nna o o isang mafoko mo tirisanongmmogo ya dibetsa tsa Aforika Borwa. Ka 2003, De Lille o ne a dirisa sebaka sa go fetola diphatho go kgaogana le PAC, a itlhamela phathi ya gagwe ya Independeplnt Democrats.<ref name=":5" /> == Mathata a a tlhagileng == === Tirisano ya dibetsa === De Lille o ne a eteletse pele tshekatsheko ya tshenyetso setshaba ya theko ya dibetsa tse di lopileng dibilione di le nne go tswa kwa badiring ba [[Britain]] le mafatshe a mangwe a [[Europe]] (madi ao a ne a oketsega go ya ka phetogo ya madi go feta se di neng di se lopa pele, le ntswa go fetola madi a di ranta go a isa kwa di dolareng go fokotsegile jaanong go nna selekanyo sa tlhwatlhwa ya pele). Puso e ne ya gana kopo ya ya De Lille ya tshekatsheko e e ikemetseng e e tlaa etelelwang pele ke moatlhodi [[Willem Heath]]. De Lille o ne a re o ne a supiwa ka monwana gote ga a rate lefatshe la gagwe ebile o swabisa lefatshe ka maiteko a gagwe a go sekaseka tumalano ya dibetsa.<ref>McGreal, Chris (16 February 2001). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/feb/16/chrismcgreal "Opposition loner is thorn in flesh of South African government"]. ''The Guardian''. London. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Moranang a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2009, Independent Democrats e ne ya tlhomamisa go nna teng ga ga De Lille kwa kitsisong ya lekgotla la basekisi letsatsi le le latelang ka tshwetso ya bone ya go sutlha tsheko kgotsa go tswelela kgatlhanong le tautona wa ANC [[Jacob Zum|Jacob Zuma]], o a neng a nnile le seabe mo tumalanong ya dibetsa. Mo pampiring ya ''[[The Sunday Times]]'', De Lille o ne a bonela kwa pele gore tsheko e tlaa boelwa morago: "A ke shakgetse? Ee ke shakgetse. Ke shakgaditswe ke gore bontsi jwa batho ba rona ga ba bone ditshupo tse di tlang go tswa mo ANC, phathi ya kgololesego e e senang tlotlo mo molaomotheong le molao, e ipaakanyeditse go itlhokomolosa dilo tseo ka bobedi, gore motho a le mongwe a nne moeteledipele wa lefatshe. Ka go tlogela dirukutlhi tse tsa ANC, re fa setshaba molaetsa o o sa siamang. Puso ya re go na le tsela e nngwe mo go ba ba tlolang molao."<ref>Otter 2009.</ref> Moso wa kitsiso ya NPA e e neng e sale e letetswe, De Lille o ne a lelekwa mo bokopanong, a bolelelwa gore, o tlaa tshwanelwa ke go lebelela mo setshantshwantshong sa motshikinyego.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090430180521/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1 "De Lille barred from NPA headquarters".] IOL. 6 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Moeteledipele wa Democratic Alliance [[Helen Zille]] le ene o diragaletswe ke se se tshwanang.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=79&art_id=nw20090406103450851C720057&newslett=1&em=197599a6a20090406ah "Access denied to Zille", ''IOL'', 6 April 2009.]</ref> == Dietsele le tlotla == De Lille o ne a atswiwa ka kgololesego ya toropo ya [[Birmingham]],[[Alabama]], ka 2004 a atswiwa ka tlotla ya go nna mongwe wa bomme ba batlhano ba ba kwa godimo mo pusong le mo makgotleng a puso.<ref>[https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02426/05lv02472.htm "De Lille, Patricia – The O'Malley Archives".] ''www.nelsonmandela.org''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> O ne a fiwa tlotla gape ya seetsele sa moeteledipele o o gaisitseng wa Aforika Borwa ke Old Mutual ka 2004, mo karolong ya bomme ba baeteledipele.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716194315/http://www.oldmutual.co.za/PressRelease.aspx?navid=88&contentid=430 "Leadership is key, says Old Mutual".] Old Mutual. 9 February 2004. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011.</ref> De Lille o ne a tlhophilwe mo maemong a masome a mabedi le bobedi mo lekgolong la ma Aforika Borwa a a lwa godimo, o itsege ka seabe sa gagwe mo tshekatshekong ya tumalano e go neng go ngangisanwa ka yone ya dibetsa.<ref name=":0" /> Ka Phukwi 2006, o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go lemogiwa e le Colonel wa 84 Signal Unit kwa sesoleng sa Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171412/http://www.dcc.mil.za/sasoldier/2006/solsep06.pdf "Patricia de Lille becomes Honorary Colonel"] (PDF). South African Soldier. September 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016.</ref> Ka Phatwe 2006, o ne a amogela seetsele sa dipampiri tsa dikgang tsa ''City Press'' le ''Rapport Newspaper'' e le mongwe wa bomme ba ba lesome ba ba kwa godimo kwa Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100201194137/http://biz-community.com/PressOffice/PressRelease.aspx?i=308&ai=11188 "The 10th annual Rapport/City Press Prestige Awards 2006"]. City Press. 8 August 2006. Archived from the original on 1 February 2010.</ref> Tshekatsheko ya Markinor e e dirilweng ka 2004 e ne ya supa fa De Lille e ne e le mopolotiki o a neng a ratega thata kwa Aforika Borwa a sala morago [[Thabo Mbeki]].<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2004-04-14-in-mbeki-we-trust/ "In Mbeki we trust".] IOL. 14 April 2004. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> == Go nna leloko la DA == [[Setshwantsho:De Lille Zille.jpg|thumb|De Lille le moeteledipele wa DA Helen Zille, ka 2010]] Ka Phatwe a le lesome le boraro ngwaga wa 2010, morago ga dikopano le DA le ID, go ne ga dumalanwa gore ID e tlaa kopana le DA. Ka Phatwe a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2010, De Lille le moeteledipele wa DA Hellen Zille ba ne ba itsise setshaba fa ID le DA di tlaa kopana.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/southafrica/politics/da-id-to-merge-20100815 "DA, ID to merge"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> == Dingangisano == Ka ditlhopho tsa 2004, maloko a pele a a neng a sa itumela a Independent Democrats a ne a mo lebisa molato wa go tsamaisa phathi ka tsela e e seng ya puso ya batho ka batho - se se farologana le go dira dilo phatlalatsa le go tsaya boikarabelo mo a tlhametseng phathi ya gagwe mp go gone. De Lille o ne a bolelela babegadikgang gore ba ba sa saleng molao morago ba kobilwe mo pathing ba kobelwa tshenyetso setshaba le tsietso. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20050407103928/http://www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/Elections2004/0,,2-7-1557_1504685,00.html "News24 | South Africa's leading source of breaking news, opinion and insight]". ''News24''. Archived from the original on 7 April 2005. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Fa a le mmatoropo wa Kapa,  De Lille o ne a bonwa a nnileng le kgotlhang ya kgatlhego ka ditlhabololo tse di dirilweng ke tsala ya gagwe kwa Clifton<ref>McKune, Craig. [https://mg.co.za/article/2015-07-09-de-lille-and-the-contentious-clifton-scenic-reserve-megaproject/ "De Lille and the contentious Clifton Scenic Reserve megaproject".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref>. Fa a le mmatoropo, De Lille o ne a lebisiwa molato wa go re a fiwa madi a pipa molomo e le didikadike di le tlhano, le mogwebo Anthony Faul, gore a bone konteraka ya go tsisa ditimamolelo ka 2013.<ref>Bendile, Dineo (8 February 2018). [https://mg.co.za/article/2018-02-08-shack-fires-bring-more-legal-woes-for-de-lille/ "Shack fires bring more legal woes for De Lille"]. ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> == Dintwa tsa mo phathing le go ithola marapo mo maemong a mmatoropo wa Kapa == Ka Lwetse 2017, De Lille o ne a laola gore lekgotla la ditlhotlhomiso le le faphegileng la toropo ya Kapa le tswalwe e se ka thato ya leloko la komiti ya tshireletso [[Jean-Pierre Smith]].<ref>Dolley, Caryn (29 September 2017). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/exclusive-murder-irregularity-claims-surface-after-de-lille-shuts-down-city-of-cape-town-investigative-unit-20170929 "EXCLUSIVE: Murder, irregularity claims surface after De Lille 'shuts down' City of Cape Town investigative unit"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref name=":6">Dolley, Caryn (16 January 2018). [https://mg.co.za/article/2018-01-16-de-lilles-controversial-cape-town-investigating-unit-shut-down-could-be-reversed/ "De Lille's controversial Cape Town investigating unit 'shut down' could be reversed".] ''The M&G Online''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Go tswalwa ga lekgotla le go ne ga baka dikakanyetso tsa gore De Lille o iponetse ditokafatso tsa tshireletso kwa lolwapeng lwa gagwe ka madi a setshaba. Dipelaelo tse di ne tsa tlhotlhomisiwa ke mosekaseki mogolo mme tsa seegelwa kwa thoko.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180508185401/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.za/2018/01/08/upgrades-to-de-lilles-home-were-above-board_a_23328111/ "Upgrades To De Lille's Home Were Above Board".] ''HuffPost South Africa''. 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 8 May 2018. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Morago ga go tswalwa ga lekgotla le le go tlhoka go bereka sentle mmogo ga ga De Lille le Smith, Democratic Alliance e ne ya lebisa De Lille melato ya go tlhola go tsamaisa sentle ka dipelaelo tsa go nyatsa, go dira borukutlhi le go tlhoka go busa ka fa tshwanelong.<ref name=":6" /> Ka Tlhakole a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a falola tlhopho ya go tlhoka gp tshephagala ka tlhopho e le nngwe (di le lekgolo le lesome di re nnyaa, di le lekgolo le borobabongwe di re ee, ba le bararo ba sa tlhopha).<ref>Jenni Evans and Tammy Petersen (15 February 2018). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/breaking-de-lille-survives-motion-of-no-confidence-by-1-vote-20180215 "De Lille survives motion of no confidence"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Morago ga tlhopho eo ya go tlhoka gp tshephiwa ga gagwe, tlhopho mo lekgotleng la DA le le eteletseng pele toropo ya Kapa e ne ya diriwa ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa 2018. Bontsi jwa makhanselara a DA a ne a tlhopha go ntshiwa ga ga De Lille mo maemong a mmatoropo.<ref>NICO GOUS & ARON HYMAN (25 April 2018). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2018-04-25-da-passes-vote-of-no-confidence-in-de-lille/ "DA passes vote of no confidence in De Lille]". Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a robabobedi ngwaga wa 2018, baeteledipele wa DA ba ne ba emisa boloko kwa ga De Lille. Modulasetilo [[James Selfe]] o ne a re boloko jwa ga De Lille bo emisitswe morago ga puisano e De Lille a e dirileng kwa seromamoweng sa 702 le mogasi [[Eusebius McKaiser]], kwa a neng a re o tlaa ithola marapo fa a sena go phepafatsa leina la gagwe. Go kobiwa ga gagwe mo Democratic Alliance go ne go raya gore ga a ka ke a tswelela e le mmatoropo wa Kapa.<ref name=":1" /> Kgotlatshekelo ya Kapa Bophirima e ne ya emisa go ntshiwa ga gagwe ka nakwana,<ref name=":2" /> ya reetsa dingangisano ka go kobiwa ga gagwe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a mane go tsena a le matlhano ngwaga wa 2018.<ref>Etheridge, Jenna; Herman, Paul (23 May 2018). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/de-lilles-court-hearing-postponed-because-judges-need-more-time-to-prepare-20180523 "De Lille's court hearing postponed 'because judges need more time to prepare'".] News24.</ref> Khansele ya toropo ya Kapa e ne ya tlhopha ka Motsheganong a le masome a mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2018 gore De Lille a rolwe marapo otlhe a a nang le one.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251212054611/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/de-lille-stripped-of-executive-powers-city-of-cape-town/ "De Lille stripped of executive powers in the City of Cape Town".] ''The South African''. 31 May 2018. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 2018, kgotlatshekelo ya Kapa Bophirima e ne ya tlhopja ka bongwefela jwa pelo go busetsa boloko jwa ga De Lille mo phathing, ba lemoga fa DA e reteletswe ke go sala morago molaomotheo wa yone fa e dirisa molao wa yone wa kemiso kgatlhanong le De Lille. Ka Phukwi 2018, tlhopho ya go tlhoka go nna le tshepho e ne ya rulagangwa, mme morago ya boelwa morago.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2018-07-26-de-lille-no-confidence-vote-scrapped-after-late-night-da-deal/ "De Lille no-confidence vote scrapped after late-night DA deal"]. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 2018, moeteledipele wa Democratic Alliance [[Mmusi Maimane]], o ne a itsise kwa bokopanong kwa babegadikgang fa phathi e nnile le tumalano le De Lille. Tumalano e le gore De Lille o tlaa ithola marapo a mmatoropo wa Kapa le gore phathi e tlaa boela morago ditsheko tsotlhe kgatlhanong le ene. O tlaa tswelela e le leloko la Democratic Alliance. Kitsiso ya go ithola marapo ga gagwe e tsile letsatsi pele ga dithulaganyo tsa bogakolodi di simologa.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/de-lille-resignation-charges-dropped-what-now-20180805 "De Lille resignation: Charges dropped. What now?"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.businessday.co.za/bd/politics/2018-08-05-breaking-news-patricia-de-lille-to-step-down-as-mayor-of-cape-town/ "Patricia de Lille to step down as mayor of Cape Town"]. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>Merten, Marianne. [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-08-05-de-lille-out-mutual-agreement-struck-as-a-political-solution-to-damaging-party-infighting/ "De Lille out – Mutual agreement struck as a political solution to damaging party infighting"]. ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Lwetse 2018,  Democratic Alliance e ne ya itsise fa [[Dan Plato]] a tlaa tlhatlhama De Lille. O tlogetse ofisi ka Phalane a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 2018. O ne a ithola marapo gape mo bolokong jwa Democratic Alliance. == Moeteledipele wa Good le palamente == Fa De Lille a ithola marapo e le mmatoropo wa Kapa, o ne a supa fa a tlaa tsaya dibeke di le pedi a sa bonale mo setshabeng, fa a kwala buka ya gagwe a bo a sekaseka tse a di itlhophetseng. Go ne ga belaelwa fa De Lille a tlaa tsosolosa phathi ya gagwe e kgologolo ya [[Independent Democrats]], kgotsa a nna leloko la [[African National Congress]] kgotsa [[Economic Freedom Fighters]]. Ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 2018, De Lille o ne a tlhomamisa letsholo la "For Good" le maranyane a lone. O ne a bua kwa moletlong o o gore o tlaa tlhama phathi ya sepolotiki e ntsha.<ref>Gerber, Jan. "[https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/watch-politics-unusual-as-patricia-de-lille-forms-new-party-20181118 WATCH: Politics unusual as Patricia de Lille forms new party]". ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2018-11-18-patricia-de-lille-to-launch-new-party-of-action-ahead-of-elections/ "Patricia de Lille to launch new 'party of action' ahead of elections".] ''TimesLIVE''. 18 November 2018. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>Presence, Chantall (20 January 2018). [https://iol.co.za/news/2018-11-18-its-time-for-a-new-political-order-patricia-de-lille/ "It' s time for a new political order - Patricia de Lille"]. ''IOL''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Morule a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 2018, De Lille o ne a itsise fa a tlhamile phathi e ntsha e e bidiwang Good. Maloko a mangwe a a neng a sa itumela a Democratic Alliance a tshwana le [[Brett Herron]] le [[Shaun August,]] a ne a tseneletse bokopano joo. O ne a re phathi eo e kwadisitswe le lekgotla la IEC ebile e tlaa emela ditlhopho tsa 2019.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/just-in-patricia-de-lille-announces-name-of-new-party-20181202 "Patricia de Lille announces name of new party"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref name=":3" /> De Lille o ne a itsisewe e le ntlhopheng wa moeteledipele wa Kapa wa phathi ya Kapa ka Tlhakole a le lesome ngwaga wa 2019.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2019-02-10-de-lille-revealed-as-western-cape-premier-candidate-for-good/ "De Lille revealed as Western Cape premier candidate for GOOD".] ''IOL''. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Tlhakole a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a tlhama letsholo la Aunty Pat for Premiee kwa Wesbank gaufi le Delft kwa ntle ga Kapa.<ref>[https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/good-party-launches-aunty-pat-for-premier-campaign/ GOOD Party launches "Aunty Pat for Premier Campaign"], ''SABC News'', 16 February 2019.</ref> Morago ga ditlhopho tsa Motsheganong 2019, De Lille o ne a tlhomamisiwa e le mopalamente wa Aforika Borwa, a tlhophiwa go nna tona wa ditiro le dikago ke tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]]. Ka tswakanyo ya matona ya Mopitlo 2023, o ne a tlhomiwa tona wa bojanala ke tautona Cyril Ramaphosa.<ref>Zyl, Corné van (6 March 2023). [https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/cabinet-reshuffle-heres-every-change-made-by-ramaphosa-breaking-news-6-march-2023/ "Cabinet reshuffle: Here's EVERY change made by Ramaphosa".] ''The South African''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka ditlhopho tsa 2024, Good e ne ya fenya manno a le mangwe kwa palamenteng, Patricia De Lille e le ene fela mopalamente wa Good o o tlhophilweng.<ref>[https://pmg.org.za/blog/Election%20Results%20and%20Allocation%20of%20Seats%20in%20Parliament%20National%20Assembly%20and%20Provincial%20Legislatures%202024 "Election Results and Allocation of Seats in Parliament (National Assembly) and Provincial Legislatures: 2024".] ''pmg.org.za''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> Ka Seetebosigo 2024, Good o ne a dumalana go nna leloko la puso e e eteletsweng pele ke ANC ya GNU.<ref>[https://www.anc1912.org.za/anc-welcomes-political-parties-to-the-government-of-national-unity/ "ANC WELCOMES POLITICAL PARTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY – ANC".]</ref> Moeteledipele wa Good Patrica De Lille o ne a tswelela e le tona wa bojanala mo tirisanongmmogo eo.<ref>Payne, Suné (3 July 2024). [https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2024-07-03-putting-people-first-sa-tourism-body-hails-de-lilles-reappointment-as-minister-in-the-gnu/ "SA tourism body hails Patricia de Lille's reappointment as minister in the GNU as 'excellent news'".] ''Daily Maverick''.</ref> == Unite for Change == Ka Phalane 2025, phathi e ntsha ya [[Unite for Change]] e ne ya tlhamiwa, De Lille e le mongwe wa maloko a khansele ya yone. Phathi eo e tlaa bo e tlhakantse phathi ya Good, [[Rise Mzansi]] le [[Build One South Africa]], diphathi tseo di kopanela ditlhopho tsa mmasepala tsa 2026, mme di tsweletse ka go ikemela go fitlhelela go rulagangwa ditlhopho tse di latelang tsa 2029.<ref>Patel, Faizel (5 October 2025). [https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/rise-bosa-good-political-parties-merge-form-unite-for-change/ "JUST IN: Bosa, GOOD and Rise Mzanzi merge to form Unite for Change".] ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref><ref>Goba, Thabiso. [https://www.ewn.co.za/2025/10/05/bosa-rise-mzansi-and-good-party-have-united-to-form-unite-for-change "Bosa, Rise Mzansi, and Good Party have united to form 'Unite for Change'".] ''EWN''. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Monna wa ga De Lille, Edwin, o ne a tlhokafala morago ga go lwala ka lobaka ka Tlhakole a le malatsi a supa ngwaga wa 2021. Ba ne ba nyalane dingwaga di le masome a mane le borobabongwe, ba na le ngwana wa mosimane a le esi, Allistar.<ref>Tembo, Theolin (7 February 2021). [https://iol.co.za/capeargus/news/2021-02-08-patricia-de-lilles-husband-edwin-dies-after-long-illness/ "Patricia de Lille's husband Edwin dies after long illness".] IOL. Retrieved 01 December 2025</ref> == Metswedi == foc1hzzqyhouo33wd6yz5b6qbhkvb8t 0 12357 51141 46031 2026-06-19T23:53:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51141 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stella Barsosio''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le lesome le bobedi (12) ka ngwaga wa 1993)<ref name=":0">"Stellah Jepngetich BARSOSIO – Athlete Profile". ''World Athletics''. Retrieved 1 January [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/stella-jepngetich-barsosio-14473136 2023]</ref> ke motabogi wa sekgala se seleele wa kwa Kenya. Ka ngwaga wa 2021, o ne a fenya Rotterdam Marathon. Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le borataro (6) ka ngwaga wa 2023, go ne ga itsisiwe gore Barsosio o ne a ileditswe dingwaga tse pedi ke Anti-Doping Agency ya Kenya morago ga go tlhatlhobiwa ka trimetazidine. O ne a kgaolwa go tswa mo tirong go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phatwe e le lesome le bosupa (17) ka ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>Olobulu, Timothy (6 February 2023). "ADAK slaps two athletes with two-year bans for anti-doping violations". ''capitalfm.co.ke''. Retrieved 6 February [https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/sports/2023/02/06/adak-slaps-two-athletes-with-two-year-bans-for-anti-doping-violations/ 2023]</ref><ref>Mballa, Tony (6 February 2023). "Barsosio, Chebiwott land a two-year ban each over doping". ''The Star''. Retrieved 6 February [https://www.the-star.co.ke/counties/coast/2023-02-06-barsosio-chebiwott-lands-two-year-ban-over-doping 2023]</ref> == Tiro == Ka ngwaga wa 2016, Stella Barsosio o ne a fenya Belgrade Marathon ka nako ya 2:43:41.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2017, o ne a fenya Cracovia Marathon ka nako ya 2:33:01, le Skopje Marathon, a tlhoma rekoto e ntšha ya tsela ya 2:33:42.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 2018, o ne a feletsa a le mo maemong a bobedi mo Singapore Marathon, mme ka ngwaga wa 2019, o ne a feletsa a le mo maemong a bobedi mo kgaisanong e. <ref>"Kenyan pair out to defend Singapore Marathon titles". ''The South African''. 30 November 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.[https://web.archive.org/web/20251126115553/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/kenyan-pair-out-to-defend-singapore-marathon-titles/]</ref><ref>"Ugandan Cheptegei sets new 10km world record". ''Daily Nation''. 1 December 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.[https://nation.africa/kenya/sports/athletics/Cheptegei-sets-new-10km-world-record/1100-5369440-nd26ik/index.html]</ref>Ka ngwaga wa 2019, Barsosio o ne a fenya Sydney Marathon, a tlhoma rekoto e ntšha ya 2:24:33,<ref>"Kiprotich runs sub 2:10, sets new record to win Blackmores Sydney Marathon". ''Runner's Tribe''. 15 September 2019. Retrieved 27 December [https://runnerstribe.com/latest-news/kiprotich-runs-sub-210-sets-new-record-to-win-blackmores-sydney-marathon/ 2019]</ref> mme a fetsa mo maemong a bobedi kwa Rotterdam Marathon.<ref>"Koen Naert strandt in Rotterdam op zucht van Belgische record, maar heeft ticket voor Tokio 2020 beet". ''Het Laatste Nieuws'' (in Dutch). 7 April 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2019.[https://myprivacy.dpgmedia.be/consent?siteKey=Uqxf9TXhjmaG4pbQ&callbackUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hln.be%2Fprivacy-gate%2Faccept-tcf2%3FredirectUri%3D%252Fsport%252Fmeer-sport%252Fkoen-naert-strandt-in-rotterdam-op-zucht-van-belgische-record-maar-heeft-ticket-voor-tokio-2020-beet%7Eaee619da%252F]</ref> == Metswedi == 0lx2yoyynl9isigr50poqko0qvld34h 0 12396 51126 46108 2026-06-19T22:04:43Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Refiloe Nt'sheke|honorific-suffix=Mopalamente|image=Refiloe Nt'sekhe, DA Federal chairperson and spokesperson.png|office=Mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo|office1=Mothusa moduasetilo wa [[Democratic Alliance]]|office2=Leloko la palamente ya kgaolo ya [[Gauteng]]|birth_name=Refiloe Nt'sekhe|birth_date=Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1977|nationality=mo [[Aforika borwa]]|party=[[Democratic Alliance]]|alma_mater=[[University of Cape Town]]|occupation=mopalamente|profession=Mopolotiki|term_start=Seetebosigo a le lesome le bone ngwaga wa 2024|term_end=Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 2024|term_start1=Motsheganong a le lesome ngwaga wa 2015|term_end1=Moranang a le malatsi a mabedi ngwaga wa 2023|predecessor=[[Nomvuyo Mhlakaza-Manamela]]|leader1=[[John Steenhuisen]] [[Mmusi Maimane]]|1blankname=Motsamaisa dipuisano|1namedata=[[Morakane Mosupyoe]]|term_start2=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2014}} '''Refiloe Nt'sekhe''' (o o tshotsweng ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1977) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o e saleng a nna leloko la palamente ya kgaolo ka 2014. O berekile e le mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo ya [[Gauteng]] go tswa ka Seetebosigo 2024 go tsena Phukwi 2024. Ke leloko la [[Democratic Alliance]], o berekile e le mongwe wa ba ba thusang modulasetilo ka ngwaga wa 2015 go tsena 2023, gape e le babueledi ba phathi go tswa ka 2015 go tsena 2020. == Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le tiro == Nt'sekhe o tshotswe ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 1977. O na le degree ya dipolotiki go tswa kwa [[University of Cape Town]]. Morago o ne a aloga ka degree ya thekiso go tswa kwa sekolong seo gape. Ka nako ya gagwe e le moithuti ka dingwaga tsa 1990, o ne a nna leloko la lekgotla la baithuti la South African Liberal Students Association (SALSA). O nnile leloko la DA ka 2001.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200602083447/https://www.da.org.za/people/refiloe-ntsekhe "Refiloe Nt'sekhe".] ''Democratic Alliance''. Archived from [https://www.da.org.za/people/refiloe-ntsekhe the original] on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka ngwaga wa 2009, o ne a thapiwa e le mookamedi wa DA wa lenaneo la LEAD. O ne a tlhophiwa e le mokhanselara wa kgotla 24 ya toropo ya mmasepala wa Ekurhuleni mo ditlhophong tsa mmasepala tsa 2011. Lekalana la phathi la kwa Tembisa le ne la mo tlhopha go nna moteledipele wa kgaolo ya botlhophi. Ngwaga o o latelang, DA e ne ya mmaya mo maemong a mmueledi wa kgaolo kwa Gauteng.<ref name=":0" /> Pele ga ditlhopho tsa 2014, leina la ga Nt'sekhe le ne la tlhagelela mo lenaaneng la bo ntlhopeng ba DA ba kgaolo ya Gauteng. O ne a tlhophiwa e le mopalamente ka Motsheganong a le masome a mbedi le motso ngwaga wa 2014. ka Ngwanatsele 2014, o ne a ema kgatlhanong le [[John Moodley]] go emela boeteledipele jwa kgaolo jwa DA. Moodley o ne a fenya ditlhopho.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190325175157/https://www.enca.com/south-africa/moodey-re-elected-lead-da-gauteng "Moodey re-elected to lead DA Gauteng"]. eNCA. 22 November 2014. Archived from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Kwa bokopanong jwa 2015 jwa [[Democratic Alliance]], o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mongwe wa bathusa modulasetilo ba bararo ba DA.<ref>Khoza, Amanda; Areff, Ahmed (10 May 2015). [https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/Maimane-elected-new-DA-leader-20150510 "Maimane elected new DA leader"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Nt'sekhe o ne a tlhophiwa gape go nna mmueledi wa DA ka Phukwi 2015 morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga [[Marius Redelinghuys]]. <ref>Maimane, Mmusi (10 July 2015). [https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/refiloe-ntsekhe-appointed-da-national-spokesperson "Refiloe Ntsekhe appointed DA national spokesperson - Mmusi Maimane".] ''Politicsweb''. Retrieved 2 June 2020.</ref>O berekile le [[Phumzile van Damme]] go fitlhelella Van Damme a ithola marapo ka Tlhakole 2018 a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Solly Malatsi]] ka Seetebosigo.<ref>[https://www.da.org.za/2018/06/solly-malatsi-appointed-as-da-national-spokesperson "Solly Malatsi appointed as DA National Spokesperson".] ''Democratic Alliance''. 15 June 2018. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Kwa bokopanong jwa ditlhopho jwa phathi eo ka 2018, o ne a fenya setlha se sengwe e le mothusa modulasetilo.<ref>Herman, Paul; Madia, Tshidi (8 April 2018). "[https://www.news24.com/southafrica/news/athol-trollip-re-elected-as-da-federal-chairperson-20180408 Athol Trollip re-elected as DA federal chairperson".] ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> o ne a tlhophiwa gape e le mopalamente mo ditlhophong tsa 2019. Nt'sekhe ke mokhanselara tshwantsho wa ditlhabololo.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/the-star/news/gauteng-da-unveils-the-provinces-shadow-mecs-23836949/ "Gauteng DA unveils the province's shadow MECs"]. ''IOL''. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Nt'sekhe o ne a tlhophiwa gape e le mothusa modulasetilo wa ntlha wa DA kwabokopanong jwa phathi ka Phalane a le masome mararo le motso le Ngwanatsele a rogwa ngwaga wa 2020. O ne a bereka le [[Jacques Smalle]] le [[Anton Bredell]].<ref>Nkosi, Nomazima (1 November 2020). [https://www.theherald.co.za/news/2020-11-01-steenhuisen-elected-new-da-leader/ "Steenhuisen elected new DA leader"]. ''HeraldLIVE''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bone ngwaga wa 2020, [[Siviwe Gwarube]] o ne a itsisiwe e le mmueledi o mosha wa DA.<ref>Steenhuisen, John (24 November 2020). [https://www.da.org.za/2020/11/da-appoints-siviwe-gwarube-as-its-new-national-spokesperson "DA appoints Siviwe Gwarube as its new National Spokesperson"]. ''Democratic Alliance''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa 2021, moeteledipele wa DA [[John Steenhuisen]] o ne a itsise fa Nt'sekhe e le ntlhopheng wa mmatoropo wa DA wa toropo ya Ekurhuleni mo ditlhophong tsa 2021.<ref>Letshwiti-Jones, Pule (23 August 2021). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/list-da-announces-its-mayoral-candidates-to-contest-municipalities-20210823 "LIST | DA announces its mayoral candidates to contest municipalities"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Mo ditlhophong tsa mo gae tsa Ngwanatsele a rogwa ngwaga wa 2021,ga go na phathi e e neng ya nna le dipalo tse di fetang tsa e nngwe kwa khanseleng ya Ekurhuleni. DA e ne ya nna mo maemong a bobedi gape ka 28.72% ya tlhopho ba setse morago [[African National Congress]] ka 38.19%. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211202213610/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/municipal-elections-final-results-ekurhuleni-who-won-anc-eff-coalition/ "FINAL Ekurhuleni election results: EFF likely to decide coalition outcome".] ''The South African''. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref>Boteledipele jwa DA kwa Gauteng bo ne jwa mo rotloetsa go ithola marapo mo go emeleng ditlhopho tsa mmatoropo wa DA le e le mokhanselara, ka go ne go sa bonagale gore a o tlaa tlhophiwa go nna mmatoropo ka DA e ne e tsere tshwetso kgatlhanong le go bereka le ANC kana [[Economic Freedom Fighters]], ba e neng e le bone ba eteletseng pele kwa khanseleng. Kwa bokopanong jwa ntlha jwa khansele ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le bobedi, moeteledipele wa DA wa Ekurhuleni [[Tania Campbell]], o ne a tlhophiwa go sa solofelwa go nna mmatoropo ka thuso ya EFF le diphathi tse dingwe tse dipotlana. Nt'sekhe o ne a supa go tlhophiwa ga ga Campbell e le nako e e monate gape e le botlhoko mo go ene ka ANC e ne e ntshitswe mo maemong.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2021-11-22-das-refiloe-ntsekhe-clarifies-absence-from-ekurhuleni-council-election/ "DA's Refiloe Nt'sekhe clarifies 'absence' from Ekurhuleni council election".] ''TimesLIVE''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref><ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/refiloe-ntsekhe-on-her-withdrawal-as-ekurhuleni-mayoral-candidate-23-november-2021/ "'Bittersweet': DA's Refiloe Nt'sekhe reflects on her withdrawal as Ekurhuleni mayoral candidate".] ''The Citizen''. 23 November 2021. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Nt'sekhe o ne a emela ditlhopho gape kwa bokopanong jwa ditlhopho jwa phathi ka 2023 mme a seka a tlhophiwa.<ref>Felix, Jason. [https://www.news24.com/politics/da-elective-congress-here-are-the-candidates-battling-for-leadership-positions-20230315 "DA elective congress: Here are the candidates battling for leadership positions"]. ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Ka ANC e ne e latlhegetswe kwa kgaolong ya Gauteng mo ditlhophong tsa 2024, phathi e ne ya kopana le tse dingwe, di akaretsa DA go laola kgaolo. Nt'sekhe o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano tsa palamente ya kgaolo e le bontlha jwa ditumalano tsa go bereka mmogo.<ref>Capa, Siyamtanda. "[https://www.news24.com/politics/coalition-nation-more-promises-as-lesufi-takes-the-oath-of-office-20240614 COALITION NATION | More promises as Lesufi takes the oath of office".] ''News24''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> Morago ga go phutlhama ga dipuisano gareng ga DA le ANC, Nt'sekhe o ne a ithola marapo e le mothusa motsamaisa dipuisano ka Phukwi a le malatsi a robabongwe ngwaga wa 2024.<ref>Simelane, Lunga. [https://www.news24.com/citypress/politics/das-deputy-speaker-steps-down-after-cabinet-impasse-with-anc-20240711 "DA's deputy speaker steps down after cabinet impasse with ANC".] ''City Press''. Retrieved 04 December 2025</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Nt'sekhe o ne anyetswe a na le bana ba le bararo.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == l9nbzqozdejrp5kclfno84l9saj0x2b 0 12423 51072 46272 2026-06-19T13:46:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51072 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Professeur Mireille Dosso.jpg|thumb]] '''Mireille Carmen Dosso''' (o belegwe ka 27 Moranang 1952) ke moitseanape wa ditshedi tse dinnye le wa malwetse a mogare wa kwa [[Ivory Coast]] yo o belegweng kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoros Comoros]. O ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisi wa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute Pasteur Institute] kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abidjan Abidjan] ka 2004, mme bosheng jaana o nnile mongwe wa Maaforika a a eteletseng pele mo go lwantsheng [[COVID-19]]. O ne a atlegile mo go lwantsheng megare e mengwe, go akarediwa le H1N1 ya letshoroma la dikolobe le letshoroma la dengue ka 2019.[https://www.fratmat.info/article/207025/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Coronavirus%20(covid-19)/covid-19-livoirienne-mireille-dosso-dans-les-onze-africains-et-africaines-qui-contribuent-a-contenir-la-pandemie-sur-leur-continent <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://afriquematin.net/professeur-dosso-mireille-carmen-une-virtuose-des-sciences/ <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][[https://plamfe.org/dosso-mireille-carmen-un-amour-profond-pour-la-science/ <nowiki>3]</nowiki>] == Kitso ka gagwe == O tshotswe ka di 27 Moranang 1952 kwa setlhaketlhakeng sa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjouan Anjouan], [https://www.fratmat.info/article/207025/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Coronavirus%20(covid-19)/covid-19-livoirienne-mireille-dosso-dans-les-onze-africains-et-africaines-qui-contribuent-a-contenir-la-pandemie-sur-leur-continent <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] Mireille Dosso o ne a falola sekolo ka 1969. Morago ga moo o ne a ya kwa lefapheng la bongaka kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_F%C3%A9lix_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny] kwa [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abidjan Abidjan], a bona dikirii ya bongaka ka 1980, mosadi wa ntlha go dira jalo. Ka 1974, o ne a nyala Adama Dosso, mofofisi wa sefofane sa sesole,[https://web.archive.org/web/20230322093106/https://afriquematin.net/professeur-dosso-mireille-carmen-une-virtuose-des-sciences/ <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] yo o neng a bolawa ka 2011.[https://www.ladepechedabidjan.info/Assassinat-du-colonel-Dosso-Adama-Les-gardes-de-corps-d-Allou-Eugene-et-Dogbo-Ble-avouent-Nous-l-avons-tue-et-jete-le_a3360.html <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>] Ka ntlha ya tuelo ya borutegi, o ne a tswelela ka dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Marseille (1981), Montpellier. O ne a ya go dira doctorate ya bobedi ya human biology kwa Yunibesithing ya Montpellier ka 1988 pele a boela kwa Abidjan. Fa a sena go nna motlhatlheledi wa yunibesithi mo go tsa thutotshelo ya ditshedi tse dinnye, ka 1992 o ne a tlhatlosiwa maemo go nna porofesa. Ka 1997, o ne a nna leloko la CAMES (Conseil africain et malgache pour l'enseignement supérieur). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230322093106/https://afriquematin.net/professeur-dosso-mireille-carmen-une-virtuose-des-sciences/ <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] O ne a tlhophiwa go nna motsamaisi wa Pascal Institute kwa Ivory Coast ka 1972, jaanong o bopa karolo ya komiti ya saense e e rweleng maikarabelo a go lekola kgatelopele ya COVID-19, e le ene fela mosadi yo e leng leloko.[https://www.fratmat.info/article/207025/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Coronavirus%20(covid-19)/covid-19-livoirienne-mireille-dosso-dans-les-onze-africains-et-africaines-qui-contribuent-a-contenir-la-pandemie-sur-leur-continent <nowiki>[ 1]</nowiki>][[http://www.enseignement.gouv.ci/index.php?open=actualite&actu=article&artID=1114 <nowiki>4]</nowiki>] == Metswedi == [https://www.fratmat.info/article/207025/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Coronavirus%20(covid-19)/covid-19-livoirienne-mireille-dosso-dans-les-onze-africains-et-africaines-qui-contribuent-a-contenir-la-pandemie-sur-leur-continent <nowiki>[1] "Covid-19: L'Ivoirienne Mireille Dosso dans les onze Africains et Africaines qui contribuent à contenir la pandémie sur leur continent</nowiki>]" (in French). Fraternité Matin. 2 August 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230322093106/https://afriquematin.net/professeur-dosso-mireille-carmen-une-virtuose-des-sciences/ <nowiki>[2] "Professeur Dossi Mireille Carmen: une virtuose des sciences</nowiki>]" (in French). Afrique Matin. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2021. [3] Saki, Léon (20 March 2020). [https://plamfe.org/dosso-mireille-carmen-un-amour-profond-pour-la-science/ "Prof. Mireille Carmen DOSSO: Un amour profond pour la science]" (in French). Plamfe: Afrique Santé. Retrieved 22 February 2021. [http://www.enseignement.gouv.ci/index.php?open=actualite&actu=article&artID=1114 <nowiki>[4] "Afrique/Lutte contre le coronavirus</nowiki> : Le Professeur Mireille Dosso dans le Top onze des Africains combattant le Covid-19]" (in French). Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique. 3 August 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2021. [5] Depeyla, Armand (9 June 2011). [https://www.ladepechedabidjan.info/Assassinat-du-colonel-Dosso-Adama-Les-gardes-de-corps-d-Allou-Eugene-et-Dogbo-Ble-avouent-Nous-l-avons-tue-et-jete-le_a3360.html "Assassinat du colonel Dosso Adama / Les gardes de corps d'Allou Eugène et Dogbo Blé avouent : "Nous l'avons tué et jeté le corps sur l'autoroute""] (in French). La Dépêche d'Abidjan. Retrieved 24 February 2021. rprme5jqa43zpg9o2hmiwo2bo2ruqdd 0 12439 51120 46379 2026-06-19T21:34:41Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Flomena Cheyech Daniel''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e thola botlhano (5), ka ngwaga wa 1982 kwa West Pokot, Kenya) ke moatlelete wa kwa Kenya yo o gaisanang mo dikgaisanong tsa sekgala se seleele le marathone. O ne a tlhoma rekoto ya gagwe ya 2:22:44 a fenya Paris Marathon ya ngwaga wa 2014 mme a gapa sekgele sa gouta kwa Commonwealth Games ya ngwaga wa 2014. O ne a emela Kenya kwa IAAF Junior World Cross Country Championships ka ngwaga wa 1999 kwa Dublin, Ireland le kwa IAAF World Half Marathon Championships ka ngwaga wa 2009. O ne a nna kwa Japane magareng ga ngwaga wa 2007 le ka ngwaga wa 2010, a tabogela Uniqlo corporate team, mme e ne e le mofenyi gabedi wa Japanese Corporate Half Marathon. Gape o fentse dikgaisano tsa marathone kwa Vienna le Toronto. == Tiro == Daniel o ne a simolola go tshameka mo dikgaisanong tsa boditšhabatšhaba a sa le monnye kwa IAAF World Cross Country Championships ka 1999, koo a neng a le mo maemong a bolesome ka bongwe mme a thusa Kenya go gapa sekgele sa selefera sa setlhopha.<ref>Cheyech Daniel. 2014 Commonwealth Games. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808235126/http://results.glasgow2014.com/athlete/athletics/1025744/f_daniel.htmlFlomena 27]</ref><ref name=":0">Filomena Cheyech. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/flomena-cheyech-daniel-14288983#honours 27]</ref>Moragonyana o ne a tlhoma mogopolo mo sekgaleng sa dimetara di le 10 000 mme a tokafatsa go tswa go metsotso e le 33:22.3 ka ngwaga wa 2004 go ya go metsotso e le 33:10.5 ka ngwaga wa 2006.<ref name=":1">Filomena Cheyech - Progression. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/flomena-cheyech-daniel-14288983#progression 27]</ref>Mo ngwageng oo o ne a taboga lebelo la gagwe la ntlha la marathone kwa Nairobi Marathon mme a nna wa bosupa ka nako ya diura di le 2:42:31. <ref name=":2">Filomena Cheyech. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 2014-07-[http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=56029&Season=2006&Odd=0 27]</ref> O ne a katisiwa ke Eric Kimaiyo mo thulaganyong ya go taboga ya kwa Japane,<ref>Nakamura, Ken (2008-03-17). All JPN Corporate team Half Marathon Championships. Road Racing Stats. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://roadracingstats.com/ 27]</ref> mme a tlhoma rekoto ya gagwe ya metsotso e le 9:16.21 mo metshamekong ya 3000 metres, 15:54.70 mo metshamekong ya 5000 metres le 32:47.98 mo metshamekong ya 10,000 metres.<ref name=":2" />O ne a simolola go taboga halofo ya marathone kwa All-Japan Corporate Half Marathon Championships ka ngwaga wa 2008 mme a nna wa bobedi morago ga Yukiko Akaba ka nako ya metsotso e le 69:06.[ Ka nako eo o ne a le mo maemong a bo lesome le bone (14) mo lefatsheng ka ngwaga oo ka sekgala seo.<ref>Half Marathon - women - senior - outdoor - 2008. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://worldathletics.org/records/toplists/road-running/half-marathon/outdoor/women/senior/2008 27]</ref>O ne a tokafatsa rekoto ya gagwe gape mo setlheng sa metshameko ya kwa Japane ka metsotso e le 15:38.83 mo metshamekong ya 5000 m le metsotso e le 31:58.50 mo metshamekong ya 10,000 m.<ref name=":1" />O ne a boela kwa Corporate Half Marathon ka 2009 mme a fenya ka nako e ntšha ya metsotso e le 68:44. Morago ga go fetsa mo maemong a bosupa kwa Sapporo Half Marathon o ne a tlhophiwa go emela Kenya kwa IAAF World Half Marathon Championships ya ngwaga wa 2009, kwa a neng a fitlha mo maemong a borobedi. <ref name=":0" />Gape o ne a atlega go feta dimetara di le 10 000 ka ngwaga oo, a fenya mo Hyogo Relays mme a nna wa boraro kwa Japanese Corporate Track and Field Championships.<ref name=":2" /> Daniel o ne a gapa sekgele sa gagwe sa bobedi sa Japane sa Corporate ka ngwaga wa 2010 mo kgaisanong ya halofo ya marathone mme gape a nna wa boraro kwa Sapporo mo ngwageng oo. O ne a se ka a tshameka mo setlheng se se setseng le mo go ngwageng wa 2011 yotlhe morago ga go latlhwa ke setlhopha sa khamphane, mme a boa fela mo bogareng jwa ngwaga wa 2012. O ne a simolola go itshupa mo metshamekong ya marathone, a fenya kwa Porto Alegre ka nako e e gaisang ya diura tse 2:34:13 mme a nna wa bobedi kwa Singapore Marathon.<ref name=":2" />O simolotse go dira le Gianni DeMadonna's training group kwa Italy.<ref>Flomena Cheyech. Demaddona. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://web.archive.org/web/20181031164906/https://www.demadonna.com/abdelaziz-ennaji/9-our-athletes/164-flomena-cheyech-daniel.html 27]</ref>Go ne ga latela metseletsele ya diphenyo mo tseleng ka ngwaga wa 2013. O ne a fenya Roma-Ostia Half Marathon ka nako ya metsotso e le 67:39, a fenya metsotso e le 1 e e neng e le yone e e neng e le botoka mo go ene mme a nna wa borobongwe mo lefatsheng mo ngwageng oo.<ref>Sampaolo, Diego (2013-03-03). Kiprop and Cheyech triumph in Roma-Ostia Half. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-27.[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/kiprop-and-cheyech-triumph-in-roma-ostia-half]</ref><ref>Half Marathon - women - senior - outdoor - 2013. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-27.[https://worldathletics.org/records/toplists/road-running/half-marathon/outdoor/women/senior/2013]</ref>The Vienna Marathon e ne ya itshupa e le phitlhelelo e kgolo mo go Daniel: o ne a taboga sekgala seo ka nako ya 2:24:34 diura (e e batlileng e nna tswelelopele ya metsotso e le lesome go na le ngwaga o o fetileng) mme a fenya lobelo ka pharologano ya metsotso e ka nna supa.<ref>Wenig, Jörg (2013-04-14). Hat trick wins for Sugut and Gebrselassie in Vienna. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/hat-trick-wins-for-gebrselassie-and-sugut-in 27]</ref>O ne gape e le mofenyi wa Toronto Waterfront Marathon ka kgwedi ya Phalane.<ref>Gains, Paul (2013-10-20). Records galore at Toronto Marathon. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-27.[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/records-galore-at-toronto-marathon]</ref> Kgaisano ya ntlha e kgolo ya ga Daniel ya ngwaga wa 2014 e ne e le Ras Al-Khaimah Half Marathon mme le fa a ne a fenngwa ke Priscah Jeptoo, o ne a nna mofenyi wa bobedi ka metsotso e le 68:13.<ref>Minshull, Phil (2014-02-14). Desisa leads home a record eight men under one hour at RAK Half Marathon. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[http://primary-elb.aws.iaaf.org/news/report/lelisa-desisa-2014-rak-half-marathon 27]</ref>O ne a tlhomamisa bokgoni jwa gagwe mo sekgaleng se seleele sa marathone ka April ka go fenya Paris Marathon ya maemo a a kwa godimo ka rekoto e ntšha ya 2:22:44 hours  ⁇  Yebrqual Meles yo o neng a le mo maemong a bobedi o ne a le kwa morago ga gagwe ka metsotso e le meraro le halofo.<ref>Mulkeen, Jon (2014-04-06). Bekele breaks Paris course record with 2:05:04 on marathon debut. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-[http://primary-elb.aws.iaaf.org/news/report/paris-marathon-kenenisa-bekele-debut-2014-rep 27]</ref>O ne a tlhophiwa go emela Kenya mo marathong lekgetlo la ntlha kwa Metshamekong ya Commonwealth ya 2014. Mo kgaisanong eo o ne a le moeteledipele yo o bonalang sentle mme mo dikgatong tsa bofelo o ne a fenya moagisani wa gagwe Caroline Kilel go gapa sekgele sa gouta  ⁇  a tsaya sekgele sa ntlha sa boditšhabatšhaba mo tirong ya gagwe a le dingwaga di le masome a mararo le bobedi (32).<ref>Broadbent, Chris (2014-07-27). Commonwealth Games begin with two gold medals for Kenya. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-07-27.[https://worldathletics.org/news/report/commonwealth-games-ndiku-shelley-glasgow-2014]</ref> == Metswedi == 8v5q99ml4nvcpvp3arg9li14hmsb6xu 0 12444 51138 47154 2026-06-19T23:26:18Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51138 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sharon Jemutai Cherop''' (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Mopitlwe e le lesome le borataro (16) ka ngwaga wa 1984) ke motabogi wa sekgala se seleele wa kwa Kenya yo o itsegeng ka marathone. O fentse mmentlele wa boronse a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro mo lebelong la dimitara di le 5000 kwa dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe tsa Basha. O ne a fenya mmentlele wa boronse mo mmarathoneng kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa ngwaga wa 2011 tsa Diatleletiki mme a fenya Mmarathone wa Boston ka ngwaga wa 2012. Morago ga dimmentlele tsa gagwe tsa junior, e ne ya re ka ngwaga wa 2010 a itumelela katlego ya maemo a a kwa godimo. O ne a dira mmarathone wa gagwe wa ntlha kwa Mmarathoneng wa Twin Cities (a tla mo maemong a boraro) mme a fenya dimarathone tsa gagwe tsa ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2010, la ntlha kwa Mmarathoneng wa Hamburg mme morago ga moo kwa Mmarathoneng wa Toronto Waterfront, o a neng a o fenya ka nako ya 2:22:42 go nna nako e e bonako go gaisa tsotlhe ya mmarathone mo mmung wa Canada. Nako ya gagwe e e gaisang ya 2:22:39 e ne ya bewa kwa Mmarathoneng wa Dubai wa ngwaga wa 2012. == Mokgwa wa go itshetsa le tswelelopele == '''Kgaisano ya pele''' Cherop o goletse mo lelapeng la barui ba dikgomo kwa Kgaolong ya Marakwet kwa Kenya. Ene le bana ba gagwe botlhe ba bararo ba ne ba simolola go tshameka diatleletiki ba sa ntse ba le bannye. O ne a tabogela sekolo sa gagwe, Sekolo se se Potlana sa Tirap, mme a simolola go gaisana mo maemong a porofense a le dingwaga di le 13. O ne a tlhotlhelediwa ke Catherine Ndereba, yo o neng a nna mo lefelong leo, mme Evans Rutto (motabogi yo mongwe wa marathone wa lefelo leo) o ne a solofetsa go mo thusa fa a ka dira sentle.<ref name=":0">Komen, Jonathan (14 August 2011). Cherop Leads Nation's Charge for Marathon Crown. ''Daily Nation'' (Kenya). Retrieved on 27 November 2011.[https://allafrica.com/stories/201108161089.html]</ref> Kgaisano ya ntlha e kgolo ya ga Cherop e ne e le Metshameko ya Aforika Yotlhe ya 1999 fa a le dingwaga di le 15, mme ga a ka a tsena mo sethaleng, a tla mo maemong a bone.<ref>Ouma, Mark (20 September 1999). Gete Wami shines again in the 10,000m. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsid=15313.html]</ref>E ne e le mofenyi wa mmentlele wa boronse mo dimitara di le 5000 kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa Basha tsa Diatleletiki tsa 2000, a feleletsa a le kwa morago ga Dorcus Inzikuru le Meseret Defar.<ref>2000 World Junior Championships – Women’s 5000m final Archived 30 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://web.archive.org/web/20110130015340/http://www2.iaaf.org/WJC00/News/index.asp?Filename=latest.asp%3FKind%3D4]</ref>O ne a simolola go ikatisa le Basetsana ba Sing’ore, ka fa tlase ga mokatisi wa go taboga e bong Boniface Tiren, mme a dira mmogo le batabogi ba bangwe ba ba botlana ba ba solofetsang, go akaretsa le bommampodi ba lefatshe ba isagwe e bong Janeth Jepkosgei le Vivian Cheruiyot. Go gobala ga lengole go ne ga khutshwafatsa paka ya gagwe ya go taboga ka 2001.<ref name=":0" /> Kwa Discovery Kenya Great Rift Cross Country ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa 2002 o ne a tsaya maemo a boraro mo lebelong le legolo morago ga mofenyi wa lebelo Joan Jepkorir Aiyabei.<ref>Njenga, Peter (28 January 2002). World champ Limo excels as a record 2000 athletes compete in Discovery Kenya meeting. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news/newsid=12818.html 2010]</ref>Gape o ne a nna le katlego ya bosetšhaba mo tseleng, a fenya 5000 m kwa kopanong ya ngwaga wa 2004 ya Athletics Kenya.<ref>Kosgei and Kemboi opt out of final for juniors' sake – Sixth Athletics Kenya Weekend meet. IAAF (9 May 2004). Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsId=25197.html]</ref>Kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Sepodisi sa Kenya tsa go Kgabaganya Naga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ngwaga wa 2005 o ne a tsaya maemo a boraro mo lebelong la dikilometara di le boferabobedi (8) morago ga mofenyi wa metlele ya Diolimpiki Isabella Ochichi le mofenyi wa metlele ya go Kgabaganya Naga Jane Gakunyi.<ref>Okoth, Omulo (29 January 2005). Ochichi and Kamathi take Kenyan Police Cross Country title. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsid=28369.html]</ref> O ne a tsenela karolo ya halofo ya mmarathone wa Mmarathone wa Nairobi ka kgwedi ya Phalane ka ngwaga wa 2005 mme o ne a nna wa bobedi morago ga Lineth Chepkirui.<ref>James Wokabi and Mutwiri Mutuota (16 March 2009). Focus on Athletes – Lineth Chepkirui. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news/athletes/newsid=46151.html 2010]</ref>O ne a boela kwa potologong ya go taboga go kgabaganya naga morago ga kgwedi mme a nna wa boraro kwa go nngwe ya dipokano tsa AK.<ref>Okoth, Omulo (26 November 2005). Teenage women impress, Kipketer stuns Shami – AK Cross Country, Race Three. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsId=32749.html]</ref> O ne a tsaya karolo mo lebelong la ntlha la Basadi la Shoe4Africa la dikilometara di le 10 kwa Iten mme a taboga ka nako e e kwa godimo ya botho ya 36:02 go tsaya maemo a bobedi morago ga Doris Changeywo. Cherop wa dingwaga di le 21 o ne a simolotse go ikatisa le setlhopha se se tlhageletseng sa baatlelete ba tsela, go akaretsa le mofenyi wa Marathone wa Chicago Evans Rutto le mmampodi wa Boston Lameck Aguta.<ref>Okoth, Omulo (6 January 2006). Changeywo takes inaugural Shoe4Africa Women's 10km. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news/newsId=33078.html 2010]</ref>O ne a simolola go tlhoma mogopolo thata mo dikgaisanong tsa mo tseleng mme a nna wa boraro kwa Lebelong la Kagiso la Tegla Loroupe kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga.<ref>Macharia, David (18 November 2006). Matebo and Domongole win titles at Tegla Loroupe Peace Race. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news/newsId=36780.html 2010]</ref> O ne a le mo maemong a botlhano kwa Dikgaisanong tsa bo lesome le botlhano ( 15) tsa Discovery Kenya tsa go Kgabaganya Naga ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong ka ngwaga wa 2007.<ref>Macharia, David (27 January 2007). Evans Cheruiyot proves more than a match for Robert Cheruiyot in Eldoret. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsId=37401.html]</ref> '''Mmarathone wa ntlha''' Cherop o ne a dira tiro ya gagwe ya ntlha mo potologong ya go taboga mo tseleng ya Amerika moragonyana mo ngwageng oo, a simolola ka phenyo kwa News and Sentinel Half Marathon ka nako ya 1:12:26,<ref>News and Sentinel Half Marathon. Association of Road Racing Statisticians (23 August 2010). Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://www.arrs.run/HP_PkbHM.htm]</ref>mme morago ga moo a nna mo maemong a bone ka nako e e gaisang ya botho ya 1:10:21 kwa Philadelphia Distance Run.<ref>Monahan, Ian (16 September 2007). Kibet, Chepchumba Claim Victory at Philadelphia Distance Run Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Running USA Wire. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://web.archive.org/web/20120415151555/http://www.runningusa.org/media/wire2007/Wire2007-74.html]</ref>Ka Diphalane o ne a dira mmarathone wa gagwe wa ntlha kwa Mmarathoneng wa Ditoropo tsa Mawelana kwa Minneapolis-Saint Paul. O ne a etelela pele mmogo le Svetlana Ponomarenko mo bontsing jwa lobelo mme o ne a tlhabololwa ke Mo-Russia le Alena Vinitskaya mo maeleng ya bofelo, a tshwanelwa ke go tlhomamisa maemo a boraro ka nako ya 2:38:45.<ref>Hareyan, Armen (7 October 2007). Ukrainian Mykola Antonenko Is The Winner of Twin Cities Marathon. Huliq. Retrieved on 27 September [https://huliq.com/ukrainian-mykola-antonenko-is-the-winner-of-twin-cities-marathon/ 2010]</ref>O ne a tsaya sekgala sa bogologolo lekgetlo la bobedi ka kgwedi ya Moranang ka ngwaga wa 2008 kwa Marathone wa Mmino wa Naga kwa Nashville, kwa Ponomarenko a neng a bona ditlotla tse di kwa godimo gape fa Cherop (yo mmotlana le ene ka dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano(15) a ne a fetsa mo maemong a bone.<ref>Monahan, Ian (27 April 2008). Chebii, Ponomarenko, take Country Music Marathon victories. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news/newsid=44580.html]</ref>Kwa Azalea Trail Run ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong o ne a tlhoma 10K e e kwa godimo ya 32:43 go bona maemo a bone.<ref>2008 Race Results Archived 20 August 2008 at archive.today. AmeriKenyan Running Club. Retrieved on 27 September [https://web.archive.org/web/20080820082936/http://amerikenyanrunningclub.org/39.html 2010]</ref> Marathone wa gagwe wa ntlha wa ngwaga wa 2009 o ne wa tla kwa Marathone wa Nairobi mme o ne a kgaola metsotso e le mmalwa go tswa mo maemong a gagwe a a kwa godimo ka go taboga ka 2:33:53 go bona maemo a boraro.<ref>AIMS Race Results 2009 October. Association of International Marathons and Distance Races. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://www.aims-association.org/results/2009_10.htm]</ref> Mo lebelong la basadi la dikilometara di le 15 kwa Baringo Half Marathon ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ka ngwaga wa 2009 o ne a lwa ntwa ya lobelo lo loleele ya go etelela pele kgatlhanong le Agnes Kiprop, le fa a ne a nyelela mo dikgatong tsa bofelo mme a nna wa bobedi ka metsotso e le 52:01.<ref>Macharia, David (20 December 2009). Teenager Ndiema surprises with Baringo Half Marathon victory. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news/kind=100/newsid=55159.html 2010]</ref>Ngwaga o o latelang o ne a tsenela Marathone wa Hamburg mme a taboga a le esi go fenya lobelo le go taboga ka bonako jo bo botlhokwa jwa 2:28:38 – ka bonako jo bo fetang metsotso e le metlhano go feta nako ya gagwe e e fetileng. "Go ne go le thata go taboga ke le nosi ka lobaka lo loleele jaana, mme ke ne ka tlhoma mogopolo sentle", o ne a bua jalo ka phenyo ya gagwe ya ntlha e kgolo kwa Yuropa.<ref>Wenig, Jörg (26 April 2010). Kigen and Cherop take Hamburg Marathon titles. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September 2010.[https://worldathletics.org/news]</ref>Letshwao leno ga le a ka la ema lobaka lo loleele fa a ne a tokafala gape kwa Marathone wa Toronto Waterfront ka kgwedi ya Lwetse ngwgaga w a 2010, koo a neng a wela fa gare ga lobelo mme a boela mannong go thibela Tirfi Tsegaye go fenya lobelo ka nako ya 2:22:42 – e leng lobelo lo lo bofefo go gaisa lotlhe lo lo kileng lwa bewa kwa Canada, a fenya rekoto ya World Lidia’s Școm-100. Dikgaisano tsa bommampodi kwa Edmonton.<ref>Gains, Paul (26 September 2010). Mungara and Cherop take Toronto Marathon titles as Canadian All-Comers records tumble. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 September [https://worldathletics.org/news?__nextLocale=en 2010]</ref> Go nna mo maemong a boraro kwa Marathone wa Boston wa ngwaga wa 2011 go ne ga dira gore Cherop a nne le lefelo mo setlhopheng sa bosetšhaba sa marathone.<ref>Monti, David (18 April 2011). "Strong winds and ideal conditions propel Mutai to fastest Marathon ever – Boston Marathon report". ''www.iaaf.org''. International Association of Athletics Federations. Retrieved 18 April [https://worldathletics.org/news?__nextLocale=en 2011]</ref>O ne a tswelela go tsaya mmentlele wa boronse mo marathoneng kwa Dikgaisanong tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa ngwaga wa 2011 tsa Diatleletiki – e leng mmentlele wa gagwe wa ntlha wa boditšhabatšhaba wa bagolo. Go bewa ga gagwe gape go ne ga dira kgaisano ya marathone ya maemo a a kwa godimo ya lefatshe kwa Kenya le Edna Kiplagat le Priscah Jeptoo, e e neng e le ya ntlha mo kgaisanong ya marathone ya maemo a lefatshe.<ref>Johnson, Len (27 August 2011). Women's Marathon – Kiplagat leads historical sweep for Kenya Archived 3 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 August 2011.[[Johnson, Len (27 August 2011). Women's Marathon – Kiplagat leads historical sweep for Kenya Archived 3 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 August 2011.]]</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanaitseele o ne a tlhoma maemo a a kwa godimo mo Halofo ya Mmarathone wa Delhi, a nna wa bobedi morago ga Lucy Wangui ka nako ya diura di le 1:07:08.<ref>Krishnan, Ram. Murali (27 November 2011). In close races, Desisa and Kabuu prevail in New Delhi Half. IAAF. Retrieved on 27 November 2011.[https://worldathletics.org/news?__nextLocale=en]</ref> O fentse kgaisano ya go kgabaganya naga ya Sesole sa Kenya sa ngwaga wa 2012 ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong, a tshwara kgwetlho go tswa go Hellen Obiri.<ref>Mutuota, Mutwiri (21 January 2012). Kiptoo and Cherop take Kenyan military XC titles. IAAF. Retrieved on 22 January [https://worldathletics.org/news/newsid=63388.html 2012]</ref>Seno se ne sa dira jaaka paakanyetso ya Marathone wa Dubai moragonyana mo kgweding eo mme mo lobelong lo lo bofefo o ne a fetsa mo maemong a bosupa mme a kgaola metsotswana e le meraro go tswa mo go e e gaisang ya gagwe ka go taboga diura di le 2:22:39.<ref>Butcher, Pat (27 January 2012). Abshero stuns with 2:04:23 debut, Mergia clocks 2:19:31 in Dubai. IAAF. Retrieved on 4 February [https://worldathletics.org/news/news/abshero-stuns-with-20423-debut-mergia-clocks 2012]</ref>Dikgwedi di le tharo moragonyana o ne a taboga kwa Marathone wa Boston wa ngwaga wa 2012 mme a fenya Jemima Sumgong mo lebelong la go taboga go fenya lobelo ka nako ya diura di le 2:31:50 (e e neng ya fokodiwa ke dithemphoritšhara tse di bothitho).Le fa go ntse jalo, ga a ka a tlhophiwa mo setlhopheng sa marathone wa Diolimpiki sa Kenya mo ngwageng .<ref>Mutuota, Mutwiri (25 April 2012). Kenya announces London Olympic Marathon squad. IAAF. Retrieved on 26 April 2012.[https://worldathletics.org/competitions/olympic-games/the-xxx-olympic-games-6999193]</ref> ne a leka go bona lefelo mo dimetara di le 10 000, mme a nna mo maemong a borobongwe kwa dikgaisanong tsa bosetšhaba. O ne a taboga dikilometara di le 10 ka metsotso e le 32:03 go nna wa boraro kwa BAA 10K mme a tswelela go fenya kwa Mmarathoneng wa Halofo ya Philadelphia le kwa Mmarathoneng wa Turin.<ref>Sharon Cherop. Tilastopaja. Retrieved on 22 January [http://www.tilastopaja.org/db/atw.php?ID=18433&Season=2012&Odd=0 2013]</ref><ref>Biwott and Cherop dominate at Philadelphia Half Marathon. IAAF (16 September 2012). Retrieved on 22 January [https://worldathletics.org/news/news/biwott-and-cherop-dominate-at-philadelphia-ha 2013]</ref> == Metswedi == m73tttzqg4163hiub2h612xisl37je2 0 12500 51140 46866 2026-06-19T23:44:14Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Solange Yijika ke motshameki''' wa difilimi wa kwa [[Cameroon]] ^{[https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Top-Cameroonian-actress-Solange-Yijika-is-back-Photos-354613 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>] [http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/component/content/article/191-solange-yijika-a-step-forward.html <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] [https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Meet-5-most-talented-young-Cameroonian-actresses-344962 <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>]} gape o le teng mo theatereng ya kwa [[Nigeria]] [https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/03/22/people-solange-yijika-lactrice-camerounaise-qui-sexporte/ <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] le motlhami wa difilimi, [https://10times.com/atlanta-film-festival/visitors <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] mmogo le molweladiphetogo wa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le bana.[https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/04/26/5actwn-solange-yijika-actrice/ <nowiki>[ 8]</nowiki>] Ke ene motshameki yo o tumileng go gaisa mo kgaolong ya Afrika Bogare e bile ke ene motho wa konokono wa [[:en:Cameroon_International_Film_Festival|Cameroon International Film Festival]] (CAMIFF).[https://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/222032/2016-african-achievers-awards.html [ 9]] ==Dithutego le Botshelo jwa gagwe== Yijika o tswa kwa North West Cameroon.[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126033852/https://ocamer.org/north-west-elite-call-for-resumption-of-schools/ <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] O ne a aloga kwa [[:en:University_of_Yaoundé_II|University of Yaoundé II]], [[:en:Soa,_Cameroon|Soa]], Cameroon.[http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/entertainment/903-movies/457-actress-in-new-movie.html <nowiki>[11]</nowiki>] == Tiro ya gagwe == Yijika e ne e le sefatlhego se se botlhokwa mo Indasetering ya Difilimi ya Cameroon fa e sale a tlhagelela la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 2005. Mo diphousetara tse pedi tsa letsholo kgatlhanong le malaria kwa Cameroon tse di neng di tshegediwa ke Global Fund go lwantsha Malaria, Tuberculosis le AIDS, o ne a dirisiwa jaaka mmotlelara mo diphousetara. Gape ke molwela-kgololosego wa lefatshe ka bophara wa basadi le bana. E ne e le moemedi wa kgatiso ya ntlha ya Cameroon International Film Festival (CAMIFF) ka 2016. [https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Top-Cameroonian-actress-Solange-Yijika-is-back-Photos-354613 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][ [https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/04/26/5actwn-solange-yijika-actrice/ <nowiki>8]</nowiki>] Yijika o ne a tlhageletse mo madirelong a difilimi a Cameroon mo dithulaganyong di le dintsi tse di ka nnang 20 mme ke moamogedi wa ditshitshinyo tsa dikgele di le dintsi go akaretsa [[:en:AMAA|AMAA]] le NAFCA. O ne a tshameka mo "Trials of Passion" 2006 TV Series, e e bontshitsweng mo [[:en:Cameroon_Radio_Television|CRTV]], mo a neng a tshameka karolo ya "Diana". Moragonyana ka 2008 o ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya "Mark of the Absolute", e e neng e tsamaisiwa le go dirwa ke Asaba Ferdinand. Morago ga moo go ne ga latela "Land of Shadows" ka 2009, e leng baesekopo e e dirilweng ke [[:en:Agbor_Gilbert_Ebot|Agbor Gilbert Ebot]] mme e ne ya tsamaisiwa ke [[:en:Zack_Orji|Zack Orji]] le Neba Lawrence. [[:en:Jim_Iyke|Jim Iyke]] le ene o ne a tshameka mo baesekopong eo. Mo go one ngwaga oo, o ne gape a tlhagelela mo filiming ya "Great Pain" e e neng e kaelwa ke Neba Lawrence, mme moragonyana, mo go one ngwaga oo o ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya "Royal Destiny", e e neng e le ya Cameroon e e neng e na le [[:en:Emeka_Ike|Emeka Ike]] le [[:en:Tonto_Dikeh|Tonto Dikeh]], batshameki ba babedi ba Nollywood. Ka ngwaga wa 2012 o ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya "Troubled Kingdom", e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Neba Lawrence, e e neng e dirilwe ke motlhami wa difilimi wa kwa Amerika e bong Mairo Sanda le Fred K. Keyanti - yo o neng a galaletsa bokgoni jwa motshameki yono wa sesadi.[http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/entertainment/903-movies/457-actress-in-new-movie.html <nowiki>[ 11]</nowiki>] Ka ngwaga wa 2012, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya [[:en:Nollywood|Nollywood]], "Blood or Wine", e e dirilweng ke Henry Neba Awantoh le Jim Iyke mme e tsamaisiwa ke Neba Lawrence, e kwadilwe ke [[:en:Ruth_Kadiri|Ruth Kadiri]].[https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2013/05/blood-or-wine.html <nowiki>[ 13]</nowiki>] Ka ngwaga wa 2013, o ne a tlhophiwa mo SONNAH Awards. [https://www.tvovermind.com/casting-behold-dreamers-movie/ <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] O ne a tlhagelela mo filiming ya "Decoded", e e dirilweng ke [[:en:Brenda_Elung|Brenda Elung]] - yo le ene e leng motshameki wa sesadi mme e tsamaisiwa ke Akim Macaulay le Enah Johnscott ka 2013, mo a neng a tshameka mmogo le batshameki ba Ghana le ba Cameroon jaaka [[:en:Van_Vicker|Van Vicker]], Jeffery Epule le Desmond Wyte.[https://www.pulse.ng/gist/cameroon-movie-industry-critically-awaits-decoded-movie/bgn5r6g <nowiki>[ 14]</nowiki>] O ne a le mongwe wa baemedi ba le babedi ba ba neng ba le teng kwa Puisanong ya Phanele kwa kgatisong ya 2016 ya African Achievers Awards Ceremony, e e neng e tshwerwe ka Phukwi 8 kwa International Conference Centre, Abuja, Nigeria mmogo le Richard Mofe Damijo, motshameki wa Mo-Nigeria le radipolotiki. [https://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/222032/2016-african-achievers-awards.html <nowiki>[9]</nowiki>] Mo filiming ya 2017, "Expression the Courage to Heal", e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Musing Derick Tening mme e dirilwe ke Tessy Eseme, o ne a tshameka karolo ya "Jazmine Juma". Filimi eno e ne ya bontshiwa la ntlha kwa Lontone. 17][18] O ne a tlhophiwa go bona sekgele mo kgatisong ya bobedi ya CAMIFF Awards,[ e e neng e tshwerwe magareng ga Moranang 24 le 29, 2017 kwa [[:en:Buea|Buea]], [[Cameroon]] le batshameki ba bangwe ba Camerwood le Nollywood ba ba neng ba tlhophiwa. O ne a le mongwe wa batlamedi ba kgatiso ya CAMIFF 2018 mmogo le [[:en:Ramsey_Nouah|Ramsey Nouah]] wa [[:en:Nollywood|Nollywood]]. == Metswedi == [https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Top-Cameroonian-actress-Solange-Yijika-is-back-Photos-354613 <nowiki>[1] "Top Cameroonian actress, Solange Yijika, is back (Photos)"</nowiki>]. CamerounWeb. January 22, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2020. [http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/component/content/article/191-solange-yijika-a-step-forward.html <nowiki>[2] Kanjo, Ernest (September 19, 2009). "Solange Yijika: A Step Forward</nowiki>]". Tip Top Stars. Retrieved October 19, 2020. [https://mobile.camerounweb.com/CameroonHomePage/entertainment/Meet-5-most-talented-young-Cameroonian-actresses-344962 <nowiki>[3] "Meet 5 most talented young Cameroonian actresses"</nowiki>]. CamerounWeb. November 20, 2015. Retrieved October 19, 2020. [4] Aiden, Mason. [https://www.tvovermind.com/casting-behold-dreamers-movie/ "Casting a "Behold the Dreamers" Movie"]. TVOM. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [5] Musoro, Darlene (June 29, 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201023032200/http://www.dc-comm.com/cameroonian-movie-industry-brenda-shey-the-mother-hen/ "INDUSTRY; BRENDA SHEY, THE "MOTHER HEN""]. DC Communications. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/03/22/people-solange-yijika-lactrice-camerounaise-qui-sexporte/ <nowiki>[6] "PEOPLE</nowiki> : SOLANGE YIJIKA, L'ACTRICE CAMEROUNAISE QUI S'EXPORTE]". Le Film Camerounais. March 22, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [https://10times.com/atlanta-film-festival/visitors <nowiki>[7] "Atlanta Film Festival</nowiki>]". Retrieved October 21, 2020. [https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/04/26/5actwn-solange-yijika-actrice/ <nowiki>[8] "#5ACTWN</nowiki> : SOLANGE YIJIKA – ACTRICE]". Le Film Camerounais. April 26, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [9] Akpah, Prince (July 6, 2016). [https://m.thenigerianvoice.com/news/222032/2016-african-achievers-awards.html "2016 African Achievers Awards]". The Nigerian Voice. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211126033852/https://ocamer.org/north-west-elite-call-for-resumption-of-schools/ <nowiki>[10] "North West Elite Call For Resumption Of Schools</nowiki>]". Ocamer. April 20, 2020. Retrieved October 21, 2020. [11] Kanjo, Ernest (February 15, 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201022220213/http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/entertainment/903-movies/457-actress-in-new-movie.html "Most desired ICameroonian actress in new movie]". Tip Top Stars. Retrieved October 21, 2020 3ignugf31071p7svfpg4251q04ux9b2 0 12524 51058 46964 2026-06-19T12:12:17Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Lynne Brown|image=Lynne-Brown.jpg|caption=Lynne Brown ka 2007|office=Tona wa dikgwebo tsa setshaba|office1=Moeteledipele wa borataro wa [[Kapa Bophirima]]|office3=Mopalamente|term_start=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa 2014|term_end=Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 2018|term_start1=Phukwi a le masome mabedi le botlhano ngwaga wa 2008|term_end1=Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2009|term_start2=Motsheganong a le masome mabedi le motso ngwaga wa 2014|term_end2=Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa 2018|president=[[Jacob Zuma]] [[Cyril Ramaphosa]]|predecessor=[[Malusi Gigaba]]|predecessor1=[[Ebrahim Rasool]]|successor=[[Pravin Gordhan]]|successor1=[[Helen Zille]]|birth_date=Lwetse a le masome mabedi le 1961|birth_place=[[Cape Town]] [[Aforika Borwa]]|party=[[African National Congress]]}} '''Lynne Brown''' (o o tshotsweng ka Lwetse a le masome mabedi le borataro ngwaga wa 1961) ke mopolotiki wa kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] o e neng e le tona wa pele wa dikgwebo tsa setshaba le moeteledipele wa pele wa kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]]. O tsholetswe kwa [[Cape Town]], a golela kwa [[Mitchells Plain]]. O ne a thapiwa e le moteledipele wa Kapa Bophirima morago ga go ithola marapo ga ga [[Ebrahim Rasool]] ka Phukwi 2008.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130907170046/http://www.westerncape.gov.za/eng/pubs/public_info/P/163379/2 "Premier of the Western Cape: Bio".] ''Cape Gateway''. Provincial Government of the Western Cape. Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> Pele,e ne e le tona wa tlhabololo itsholelo le bojanala.<ref name=":0" /> Ke leloko la [[African National Congress]] (ANC) le leloko le le tlhophilweng la komiti ya yone go tswa ka 2007 go tsena 2012.<ref name=":0" /> Ke motho wa ditso tse di tlhakaneng, e ne e le moeteledipele wa bone wa lotso lo lo tlhakaneng wa Kapa Bophirima, wa bobedi go tswa mo ANC, wa ntlha o o ratanang le batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang le jwa gagwe phatlalatsa go thapiwa mo maemong a khuduthamaga mo dipusong tsotlhe tsa [[Aferika|Aforika]].<ref name=":1">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/26/south-africa-appoints-gay-minister-lynne-brown "South Africa appoints first lesbian to cabinet",] by David Smith, ''The Guardian'', Monday 26 May 2014.</ref><ref name=":2">Thelwell, Emma (6 June 2014). [https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Lynne-Brown-SAs-first-gay-minister-why-it-matters-20140606 "SA's first gay minister: why it matters".] ''News24''. Archived from the original on 6 June 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Brown e ne e le modulasetilo wa lekgotla la banana la Mitchell's Plain ka 1979 le leloko la lekgotla la bomme ba ba ikopanetseng ka 1979 go tsena 1985. E ne e le leloko la lekgotla la bonne go tswa ka 1985 go tsena 1990, a bereka e le ofisara ya thuto le mokwaledi wa kgaolo. O ne a na le seabe mo go tlhamiweng ga [[United Democratic Front]] ka 1983 go fitlhelela e phatladiwa ka 1991, a bereka e le leloko la komiti ya madi. Brown o nnile leloko la ANC ka 1987 a tlhophilwe mo komiting ya kgaolo le ya pereko ka 1999. O berekile e le mokwaledi wa kgaolo ya Kapa Bophirima wa lekgotla la bomme la ANC fa e sale ka 1990. Go tsaya karolo ga gagwe mo thutong go tsweletse le morago ga dingwaga tsa gagwe tsa go ruta. E ne e le leloko la lekgotla la porojeke ya thuto, gompieno ke leloko la lekgotla la porojeke ya ditirelo tsa tlaleletso thuto. Ke motlhami le mookamedi wa Women's College ka 1990. Ka 1994 le ka 1999 o ne a tlhophiwa e le leloko la ofisi ya peo molao ya [[Kapa Bophirima]] la ANC. E ne e le modulasetilo wa dikomiti tsa setshaba le botsogo, a bereka gape e le motlhokomedi wa wa ANC le motlhokomedi mogolo mo ofising ya peo molao. O eme e le ntlhopheng wa ANC wa mmatoropo wa [[Cape Town]] ka 1999, a bereka e le tona wa madi, tlhabololo itsholelo le bojanala go fitlhelela a tlhatlosiwa maemo go nna moeteledipele ka 2008. ANC e ne ya latlhegelwa ke taolo ya kgaolo ka ditlhopho tsa 2009, ka [[Democratic Alliance]] e iponela ditlhopho di le masome mabedi le bobedi tsa manno a a masome mane le bobedi a palamete ya kgaolo. Ntlhopheng wa moeteledipele wa DA [[Helen Zille|Hellen Zille]] o ne a tlhatlhama Brown ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a marataro ngwaga wa 2009.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/index.php?art_id=nw20090506124045976C370668 "Applause as Zille secures premiership".] ''IOL''. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 10 December 2025.</ref> O berekile e le moeteledipele wa phathi ya kganetso ya semmuso go tswa ka 2009 go tsena Motsheganong 2014, fa a thapiwa ke tautona wa pele [[Jacob Zuma]] mo khuduthamageng ya gagwe e le tona wa dikgwebo tsa setshaba. Seemo sa sepolotiki sa ga Lynne Brown se ne se sa wele morago ga patlisiso ya [[Eskom]]. O ne a re potsoloso ya Eskom e tshwana le kgotlatshekelo ya metshameko morago ga mmueledi wa lekgotla la Eskom Khulani Qoma a sena go mmitsa moaki mo seabeng sa gagwe mo go gapiweng ga lephata la motlakase.<ref>[https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2017-11-15-mthembu-slams-lynne-brown-and-her-deputy-for-attacking-eskom-inquiry/ "Mthembu slams Lynne Brown and her deputy for attacking Eskom inquiry".]</ref> O ne a ganetsa gore o badile melaetsa ya Gupta, le ntswa a ne a e amogetse go tswa kwa go [[Natasha Mazzone]],<ref>[https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/fair-hair-raising-moments-from-browns-eskom-inquiry-submission/ "Hair-raising moments from Brown's Eskom inquiry submission".] TheCitizen. 23 November 2017.</ref> a ganetsa le goretautona Jocob Zuma o ne a mmiditse morago ga go kopana le Zola Tsotsi (modulasetilo wa Eskom wa nako eo), bokopano jo bo neng jwa baka go seegelwa kwa thoko ga babereki ba maemo a a kwa godimo, [[Tshediso Matona]], [[Dan Marokane]], [[Tsholofelo Molefe]] le [[Matsheka Koko]]. O ne a ganetsa gore o itse [[Tony Gupta]] le [[Salim Essa]] morago ga gore Tsotsi a bue a le mo maikanong gore Brown o ne a mo laleditse kwa ntlong ya gagwe, Tony Gupta le Salim Essa ba le teng.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/business-report/economy/2017-11-22-lynne-brown-denies-gupta-links/ "Lynne Brown denies Gupta links"]. IOL. 22 November 2017.</ref><ref>Capazorio, Bianca (22 November 2017). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2017-11-22-tony-gupta-and-salim-essa-were-at-meeting-in-browns-home/ "Tony Gupta and Salim Essa were at meeting in Brown's home]". Times Live.</ref> Ka Tlhakole 2018, o ne a ntshiwa mo khuduthamageng ya ga tautona [[Cyril Ramaphosa]],<ref>[https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/who-is-in-and-who-is-out-ramaphosas-cabinet-reshuffle-20180226#cxrecs_s "Who is in and who is out: Ramaphosa's Cabinet reshuffle".] ''News24''. Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> a tlhatlhamiwa ke [[Pravin Gordhan]], a felela a ithola marapo a bo palamente jwa ANC.<ref>[https://iol.co.za/news/politics/2018-03-01-lynne-brown-resigns-as-anc-mp/ "Lynne Brown resigns as ANC MP".] ''IOL''. Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> == Komiti ya go gapiwa ga lefatshe == Komiti ya go gapiwa ga lefatshe, e e itsegeng botoka ka leina la Zondo Commision, e ne ya upulola gore Brown, fa a bereka e le tona wa dikgwebo tsa setshaba, o ne a thapa batho ba le mmalwa mo lekgotleng la Eskom ka 2014 le 2015 a sa sala ditsamaiso morago, le gore Brown o reteletswe ke go ela tlhoko dikgakololo tse di mo letlotlong la lephata la dikgwebo tsa setshaba (DPE). Ditiro tsa gagwe di ne tsa fitlhelwa di bakile go thapiwa ga batho ba le mmalwa ba ba itsaneng le Salim Essa le lolwapa loora Gupta, le ba le bantsi ba ba senang maitemogelo ape e le baokamedi ba dikgwebo tsa lefatshe. Mo mokwalong wa maikano o o yang kwa komiting ya Zondo ka 2021, Brown o ne a tlhalosa gore ga a itse Salim Essa le gore o ne a sala tsamaiso morago tsea di neetsweng ke DPE. Le fa go ntse jalo, komiti e ne ya lemoga fa a itsane Salim Essa. Komit e ne ya upolola motseletsele wa dipuisano tsa mogala gareng ga ga Brown le Salim Essa ka 2014. Komiti e ne ya upolola le motseletsele wa melaetsa gareng ga ga Brown, mothusi wa gagwe Kim Davids le akhaonto ya "mogwebi" - leina le e seng la boammaruri le go neng ga lemogiwa e le le Salim Essa a le dirisang. Komiti e ne ya lemoga gape gore ditiro tsa ga Brown, di fapaana le mafoko a gagwe, a gore ka nnete o reteletswe ke go dirisa ditsamaiso le dikgakololo tsa DPE, le gore o isitse papatso fela mo dipampiring tsa dikgang a laletsa batho botlhe go ikwadisetsa go tlhophiwa go nna maloko a lekgotla. Komiti ya ga Zondo e ne ya lemoga gore bosupi bo supa sentle gore Brown o itse Salim Essa le gore o nnile le seabe mo go gapiweng ga Eskom.<ref>Judicial Commission of Inquiry into State Capture Report: [https://www.statecapture.org.za/site/files/announcements/682/OCR_version_-_State_Capture_Commission_Report_Part_IV_Vol_III_-_Eskom.pdf Part IV: Volume III: The Capture of Eskom (1 February 2022) < https://www.statecapture.org.za/site/files/announcements/682/OCR_version_-_State_Capture_Commission_Report_Part_IV_Vol_III_-_Eskom.pdf > pages 561 to 574 and 608 to 614.] Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> Komiti e ne ya lemoga fa Brown a dirisitse maemo a gagwe go rotletsa go thapiwa ga batho ba ba amang le Gupta go nna maloko a lekgotla mo dikomponeng tsa puso di le mmalwa di akaretsa Eskom, Transnet le Denel. Potsoloso ya palamente e ne ya lemoga fa Brown le o a neng a mo tlhatlhama [[Malusi Gigaba]], ba nnile botlhaswa mo go direng maikarabelo a bone.<ref>Haffajee, Ferial (9 June 2025). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250609204746/https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2025-06-09-gupta-era-minister-lynne-brown-returns-to-advise-anc-despite-sas-state-capture-scars/?dm_source=dm_block_list&dm_medium=card_link&dm_campaign=main "Gupta-era minister Lynne Brown back in ANC fold – despite State Capture scars".] ''Daily Maverick''. Archived from the original on 10 June 2025. Retrieved 10 December 2025</ref> == Botshelo jwa gagwe == Brown o ratana le batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang le jwa gagwe, a sa iphitlhe.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == emtkz46k2j6qemtimqhibf7xmzwgkjk 0 12951 51075 48703 2026-06-19T14:04:18Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder | name = Moiseraele Goya | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Moiseraele Master Goya | birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. --> | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = | other_names = | occupation = Politician | years_active = | office1 = [[Member of Parliament (Botswana)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Palapye (Botswana constituency)|Palapye]] | term_start1 = 2009 | term_end1 = 2019 | predecessor1 = [[Boyce Sebetela]] | successor1 = [[Oneetse Ramogapi]] | notable_works = }} '''Moiseraele Master Goya''' ke radipolotiki wa Motswana yo o dirileng mo Palamenteng ya Pan-Africa le [[Palamente ya Botswana]] a emetse [[Palapye]] go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2010 go fitlha ka fitlha ka ngwaga wa 2013, gape a kile a dira jaaka Mothusa Tona wa Thuto a le kwa Lephateng la Thuto le Tlhabololo ya Dikitso ( a sena fudusiwa a tswa ko Lephateng la kgwebo le Dipeeletso). O ne a le karolo ya [[Phathi ya Tomokoraga|Botswana Democratic Party]] go fitlha a tlogela tiro ka 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |title=PAP Member Countries |url=http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080312084541/http://www.pan-africanparliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx |archive-date=2008-03-12 |access-date=February 7, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2010 |title=Nasha enters Pan African Parliament |url=https://www.sundaystandard.info/nasha-enters-pan-african-parliament/?amp |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=Sunday Standard}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2013 |title=Spouses of local politicians must come out into public arena |url=https://www.sundaystandard.info/spouses-of-local-politicians-must-come-out-into-public-arena/?amp |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=Sunday Standard |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207141449/https://www.sundaystandard.info/spouses-of-local-politicians-must-come-out-into-public-arena/?amp |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>@gazettebw (January 14, 2021). [https://x.com/gazettebw/status/1349727733073416198 "Former Assistant Minister of Basic Education, Moiseraela Goya, has quit the ruling Botswana Democratic Party. Goya was assistant minister at the then Ministry of Education and Skills Development where he transferred from Ministry of Trade and Investment]" (Tweet) – via Twitter.</ref><ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/mmegi/20210122/281573768353843 "BDP Unfazed in Palapye]"''Mmegi Online''. January 22, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2023 – via [[:en:PressReader|PressReader]].</ref> == Ditshupiso == {{Reflist}} [[Karolo:Batho ba ba tshelang]] [[Karolo:Mapolotiki a Botswana]] 0xkfo9su2fzj2f9kwt8pq1ufgjqzc8y 0 12992 51070 49751 2026-06-19T13:32:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Menzi Ngubane|birth_date={{birth date|1964|8|28|df=y}}|death_date={{death date and age|2021|3|13|1964|8|28|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal]], Aforika Borwa|death_place=Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal|occupation=Motshameki wa diterama|years active=1989{{ndash}}2021|notable works={{Plainlist| * ''Kwakhala Nyonini'' * ''Ubambo lwam'' * ''[[Generations (South African TV series)|Generations]]'' * '' Family Secrets '' * '' Studio 263 '' * ''[[Isibaya]]'' * ''Yizo Yizo'' * ''[[Ashes to Ashes (South African TV series)|Ashes to Ashes]]'' * ''[[How to Steal 2 Million]]'' }}|spouse(s)={{plainlist| * {{marriage|Lerato Sidibe|2009|2013|end=div}} * {{marriage|Sikelelo Sishuba|2013|2021}} }}|children=4|awards=2012 Africa Movie Academy Awards}} '''Menzi Ngubane''' (28 Phatwe 1964 – 13 Mopitlo 2021)<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/100044196681374/posts/297215551761665/ "Menzi Ngubane SA – Facebook"]. ''facebook''.</ref> e ne e le modiragatsi wa moAforika Borwa, o itsegeng thata ka go diragatsa e le Sibusiso Dlomo mo motshamekong wa segwana sa ditshwantsho wa [[:en:Generations_(South_African_TV_series)|''Generations'']]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160605084026/http://connect.citizen.co.za/25250/menzi-ngubane-sibusiso-dlomo-most-memorable-tv-moments/ "Menzi Ngubane 'Sibusiso Dlomo' most memorable TV moments"]. ''Connect''. 10 October 2015. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> go tswa 2003 go fitlha 2014. Ngubane o tsere karolo mo dikgasong tsa ko Aforika Borwa, go akaretsa ''[[:en:Yizo_Yizo|Yizo Yizo]], Ashes to Ashes, Gold Diggers, le Heist.''<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20170830192009/http://www.incwajana.com/menzi-ngubane/ "''Menzi Ngubane''"]. Incwajana.com Retrieved 24 May 2016</ref><ref>MALATJI, NGWAKO. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180623033343/http://www.sundayworld.co.za/lifestyle/2015/10/07/menzi-ngubane-joins-gold-diggers "Menzi Ngubane joins 'Gold Diggers' – SundayWorld"]. ''www.sundayworld.co.za''. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Ka 2016, o ne a diragatsa mo ''Isibaya,'' e le mookamedi wa dikoloi tsa puso yoo kileng a bo a sa ikanyege.<ref>Entertainment, TMG. [http://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/2016/04/08/Menzi-Ngubane-tells-us-Im-excited-to-join-Isibaya "Menzi Ngubane tells us 'I'm excited to join Isibaya'"]. ''Times LIVE''. Retrieved 24 May 2016.</ref> Ngubane o tlhagile gangwe le gape mo ditshwantshong tsa Aforika Borwa, jaaka ''[[:en:How_to_Steal_2_Million|How to Steal 2 Million]]'' (2011), a bidiwa Jack, a na le [[:en:John_Kani|John Kani]], [[:en:Terry_Pheto|Terry Pheto]] le [[:en:Rapulana_Seiphemo|Rapulana Seiphemo]].<ref name=":0" /> Kgaso ye e ne ya di goga ko pele mo Best Picture ka [[:en:Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards|Africa Movie Academy Awards]] tsa 2012.Mo godimo ga moo, e ne e le moanelwa mogolo mo go tse dingwe jaaka ''In My Country'' (2004) e le Dumi Mkhalipi, mo Askari (2001) a bidiwa Patrick Khumalo, le mo ''The King's Messenger'' (1990) a ya ka leina la Poacher.<ref>LIVE, Times. [http://www.timeslive.co.za/entertainment/movies/2012/04/23/south-africa-takes-nine-africa-movie-academy-awards "''South Africa takes nine Africa Movie Academy Awards''"]. ''Times LIVE''. Retrieved 24 May 2016.</ref> O ne a fenya dikgaisano tsa SAFTA ka go bo a nnile modiragatsi yoo gaisitseng botlhe mo terameng ya ''Isibaya''.<ref>Keshia Africa (22 May 2021). [https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/news/all-the-2021-safta-winners-d4f97d09-bd9a-457d-a476-891c6199db0f "All the 2021 Safta winners"]. ''Independent Online''.</ref> O ne a golagantswe le Sikelelwa Sishuba ka nyalo.<ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/menzi-ngubane-on-married-life-im-just-so-happy-20160202 "Menzi Ngubane on married life: I'm just so happy"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 24 May 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/menzi-ngubanes-triumphant-year-20151222 "Menzi Ngubane's triumphant year"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref><ref>Pantsi, Nandipha. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160605085637/http://citizen.co.za/396902/menzi-ngubane-is-back-from-the-ashes/ "Menzi Ngubane is back from the Ashes"]. ''The Citizen''. Retrieved 25 May 2016.</ref> Ngubane o ne a gatelelwa ke bolwetse dingwaga di le mmalwa, mo a ileng a abelwa philo, go fitlhela go tlhokafaleng ga gagwe. Ngubane o tlhokafetse morago ga setlhaselo sa boboko ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo a le di 13 ka ngwaga wa 2021, a le dingwaga tse 56.<ref>Kahla, Cheryl (13 March 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210607130020/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/news/veteran-generations-actor-menzi-ngubane-dies-13-march/ "Veteran 'Generations' actor Menzi Ngubane dies aged 56"]. ''The South African''. Retrieved 7 June 2021.</ref> Malatsi a le mararo morago ga loso la gagwe, rraagwe wa dingwaga tse 90, Ndodeni Ngubane, le ene a tlhokafala. Ba ne ba fitlhwa botlhe ka bobedi, tirelo ya dintsho e le kwa legaeng lwa bone kwa [[:en:Ladysmith,_KwaZulu-Natal|Ladysmith]].<ref>[https://www.news24.com/life/arts-and-entertainment/celebrities/veteran-south-african-actor-menzi-ngubane-has-died-20210313 "UPDATE Menzi Ngubane, 56, died of stroke, family confirms"]. news24.com. Retrieved 14 March 2021.</ref> == Metswedi == t6gwknpuu5bzpc96qbambz2man9lhnq 0 13083 51085 49431 2026-06-19T15:03:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51085 wikitext text/x-wiki Go tswa mo Wikipedia, bokokoanyi jwa kitso jo bo gololesegileng '''Natasha Loring''' ke modiragatsi wa mo Aforika Borwa. O ne a nna le botumo la ntlha ka ditiro tsa gagwe mo difiliming tsa ''[[The Dinosaur Project]]'' (2012) le ''[[Zulu]]'' (2013), le mo lenaneong la metlae le ditiragalo la [[E4]] la ''[[Beaver Falls]]'' (2011–2012). O fentse Sego sa [[SAFTA]] ka ntlha ya tiragatso ya gagwe mo lenaneong le le tshosang la [[Showmax]] la ''[[Dam]]'' (2021–go fitlha gompieno). == Botshelo jwa Bonana == Loring o goletse kwa tikologong ya Beaulieu kwa [[Midrand]].<ref>Waka-Zamisa, Sandile (28 July 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230114091627/https://issuu.com/caxton-community-newspapers/docs/midrand_reporter_28_july_2010/11 "Natasha stars in top flick"]. ''Midrand Reporter''. Archived from [https://issuu.com/caxton-community-newspapers/docs/midrand_reporter_28_july_2010/11 the original] on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> Rraagwe ke motlhagisi wa tiragatso Richard Loring. O ne a tsena kwa [[sekolong se setona sa St Stithians]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230114091629/https://demoreel-com.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/presskits/natasha-loring/1590594413620_Press.pdf "Out and About with Samantha and Natasha"] (PDF). Archived from [https://demoreel-com.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/presskits/natasha-loring/1590594413620_Press.pdf the original] (PDF) on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> O ne a ithuta kwa [[AFDA, Sekolo sa Ikonomi ya Botlhale]], a aloga ka Dikirii ya Bongaka jwa Botaki ([[Bachelor of Arts]]),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230114083610/https://issuu.com/thefilmmakersguide/docs/callsheet_march_ebook "Page 2 Pin-Up: Natasha Loring (APM)"]. ''The Callsheet''. 4 April 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2023.[''[[:en:Wikipedia:Link_rot|permanent dead link]]'']</ref> mme morago a ya kwa Actors Centre London (e jaanong e leng Seven Dials Playhouse).<ref>Petzer, Brett (11 November 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230114072025/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/opinion/bright-young-things-top-ten-south-african-actors-about-to-make-it-big/ "Top Ten South African actors about to make it big"]. ''The South African''. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> O ne a ithuta gape ballet le motantsho wa segompieno.<ref>Wilson, Derek (September 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230114091629/https://demoreel-com.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/presskits/natasha-loring/1590594413620_Press.pdf "Little Loring big on talent"] (PDF). ''The Good Weekend Saturday''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20230114091629/https://demoreel-com.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/presskits/natasha-loring/1590594413620_Press.pdf the original] (PDF) on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> == Tiro == Mo ngwageng wa gagwe wa ntlha kwa AFDA, Loring o ne a bona seabe sa gagwe sa ntlha sa porofešenale jaaka Julie Saunders mo filiming ya ''Hitchhiker'', e mo go yone a neng a tlhagelela le kgaitsadie Samantha. ''Hitchhiker'' e ne ya gololwa la ntlha mo ngwageng wa bofelo wa ga Loring kwa AFDA.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/celebrity-news/what-a-girl-wants-955665 "What a girl wants"]. ''IOL''. 30 January 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> Seno se ne sa latelwa ke go tlhagelela ga gagwe la ntlha mo thelebisheneng jaaka Hayley mo filiming ya [[Lifetime]] ya ''[[Natalee Holloway]]''.<ref>[https://www.mediaupdate.co.za/media/27325/sa-actress-natasha-loring-stars-in-m-net-movie "SA actress Natasha Loring stars in M-Net movie"]. ''Media Update''. 29 June 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2023</ref> Loring o ne a simolola go tlhagelela mo megobeng ya Borithane, a simolola ka ditiro tse dinnye mo lenaneong la [[BBC]] la dikarolo di le pedi la ''[[Women in Love]]'' le lenaneong la ditiragalo tsa bosenyi la [[Sky One]] la ''[[The Runaway]]'', mme morago a nna le seabe sa konokono jaaka Kimberley mo lenaneong la metlae le ditiragalo la [[E4]] la ''[[Beaver Falls]]'' go tloga ka 2011 go fitlha ka 2012 <ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-14315724 "Beaver Falls stars set for show debut on TV channel E4"]. ''BBC News''. 28 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230114091627/https://issuu.com/rwdmag/docs/rwd_mag_issue_126 "Just in Beaver"]. ''RWD'': 71. 21 July 2012. Archived from [https://issuu.com/rwdmag/docs/rwd_mag_issue_126 the original] on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> le jaaka Liz Draper mo filiming ya saense ya ''[[The Dinosaur Project]]''.<ref>Rawson-Jones, Ben (10 August 2012). [https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a398571/the-dinosaur-project-natasha-loring-matt-kane-interview-video/ "'The Dinosaur Project' Natasha Loring, Matt Kane interview - video"]. ''Digital Spy''. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> O ne a tshameka Marjorie mo filiming ya 2013 ya Fora le Aforika Borwa ya ''[[Zulu]]''. ^{[<nowiki/>[[go tlhoka metswedi]]}] Loring o dirisitse lentswe la gagwe mo metshamekong ya bidio e e jaaka ''[[League of Legends]]'' (2009), ''[[Game of Thrones: A Telltale Games Series]]'' (2014), le ''[[Tacoma]]'' (2017), mmogo le palo ya metshameko ya ''[[Star Wars]]'' le ''[[Call of Duty]]''.<ref>[https://anothertongue.com/artist/natasha-loring-foreign "Natasha Loring"]. ''Another Tongue''. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> O ne a tlhagelela mo difiliming tsa ''[[Broken Star]]'' le ''[[The Wedding Year]]'' ka 2018 le 2019 ka go latelana, mme a dira go tlhagelela ga moeng mo lenaneong la [[Netflix]] la ''[[Queen Sono]]'' le lenaneong la [[Syfy]] la ''[[Vagrant Queen]]'' ka 2020. [^{[[go tlhoka metswedi]]}] Ka 2021, Loring o ne a simolola go nna le seabe sa konokono jaaka Sienna Fischer mmogo le [[Lea Vivier]] mo lenaneong le le tshosang la [[Showmax]] la ''[[Dam]]''.<ref>Kriedemann, Kevin (28 January 2021). [https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times-daily/lifestyle/2021-01-28-from-dam-to-mad-something-lurks-beneath-the-beauty-in-this-sa-original/ "From 'DAM' to 'MAD': something lurks beneath the beauty in this SA original"]. ''Times Live''. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> Mo setlheng sa ntlha, Loring o ne a fenya Sego sa Motshameki wa Mosadi yo o Kemonokeng yo o Gaisang mo Lenaneong la Ditiragalo la Thelebishene kwa [[Dikgeleng tsa Difilimi le Thelebishene tsa Aforika Borwa]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230114083617/https://stories.showmax.com/first-time-safta-winners-react-to-their-awards/ "First-time SAFTA winners react to their awards"]. ''Showmax Stories''. 6 September 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2023.</ref> O ne a tlhagisa filimi e khutshwane ya ''A Shame''. [^{[[go tlhoka metswedi]]}] == Tiro ya Bodiragatsi == '''Difilimi''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Seabe !Dintlha ka Karetso |- |2008 |Hitchhiker | | |- |2012 |[[The Dinosaur Project]] |Liz Draper | |- |2013 |[[Zulu]] |Marjorie | |- |2014 |Mannequins |Carilee |Filimi e khutshwane |- |2014 |Go Fish | |Filimi e khutshwane |- |2015 |Baby | |Filimi e khutshwane |- |2016 |Swell |Swell |Seabe sa lentswe; filimi e khutshwane |- |2016 |Pivot | |Filimi e khutshwane |- |2017 |[[The Relationtrip]] |Eden |Seabe sa lentswe |- |2018 |[[Broken Star]] |Sydney | |- |2019 |[[The Wedding Year]] |Kgaitsadi | |- |2021 |A Shame |Holly |Filimi e khutshwane; motlhagisi |- |2022 |Ghosted |Leigh |Filimi e khutshwane |- |2024 |Just Now Jeffrey |Brittany | |} '''Thelebishene''' {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Seabe !Dintlha ka kakaretso |- |2009 |[[Natalee Holloway]] |Hayley |Filimi ya Thelebishene |- |2011 |[[Women in Love]] |Mosetsana yo Mosha wa Mojeremane |Karolo ya 2 |- |2011 |[[The Runaway]] |Candy |Kgaolo e le 1 |- |2011–2012 |[[Beaver Falls]] |Kimberley |Seabe se segolo |- |2014 |[[Happyland]] |Julie |Kgaolo: "Repeated Infractions" |- |2017 |Web of Spies |Zadie Tottman | |- |2020 |[[Queen Sono]] |Sarah |Kgaolo: "Rookie" |- |2020 |City Kitties |Sam | |- |2020 |[[Vagrant Queen]] |Chrissy Scav |Kgaolo: "Sunshine Express Yourself" |- |2021–go fitlha gompieno |[[Dam]] |Sienna Fischer |Seabe se segolo |} == Metshameko ya Dibidio == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Setlhogo !Seabe !Dintlha ka kakaretso |- |2009 |[[League of Legends]] |Kai'Sa | |- |2014 |[[Game of Thrones: A Telltale Games Series]] |Sera Flowers | |- |2015 |[[Anki Overdrive]] |Winger | |- |2015 |[[Star Wars: The Old Republic – Knights of the Fallen Empire]] |Vaylin / Alianna Slen | |- |2016 |[[Uncharted 4: A Thief's End]] |Mantswe a a Oketsegileng | |- |2016 |[[Civilization VI]] |Moeletsi | |- |2016 |[[Star Wars: The Old Republic – Knights of the Eternal Throne]] |Vaylin | |- |2017 |[[Minecraft: Story Mode]] |Olivia |Setlha sa 2 |- |2017 |[[Tacoma]] |Natali "Nat" Kuroshenko | |- |2018 |[[Prey]]: Mooncrash |Claire Whitten | |- |2018 |[[Judgment]] |Nanami Matsuoka |Phetolelo ya Seesemane |- |2020 |[[Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War]] |Milena | |- |2020 |[[Medal of Honor: Above and Beyond]] |Huxley | |- |2021 |[[Star Wars: The Old Republic – Legacy of the Sith]] |Mantswe a a oketsegileng | |- |2022 |[[Call of Duty: Modern Warfare II]] |Mantswe a a oketsegileng | |} == Ditshupetso == gaizt88dzuuedzuhffp7r8a76t5tskr 0 13097 51137 49353 2026-06-19T23:25:45Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51137 wikitext text/x-wiki Go tswa mo Wikipedia, bukakgakololo e e gololesegileng. '''Shamilla Ismael Miller''' (o tshotswe ka 14 Lwetse 1988) ke modiragatsi wa mo Aforika Borwa, [[motsamaisi wa mananeo a thelebishene]], le mmotlelara. O itsege thata ka dikarolo tsa gagwe mo go ''Amaza'', ''Forced Love'', ''Tali's Baby Diary'', ''[[Troy: Fall of a City]]'', le ''[[The Girl from St. Agnes]]''. == Botshelo jwa Pele le Thuto == Shamilla Ismael Miller o tshotswe ka 14 Lwetse 1988 kwa [[Cape Town]], Aforika Borwa.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220922012953/https://www.safrolebs.com/blog/celebs/shamilla-miller-biography/ "Shamilla Miller biography"]. ''Southern African celebrities''. 11 October 2021. Archived from [https://www.safrolebs.com/blog/celebs/shamilla-miller-biography/ the original] on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211121144357/https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/shamilla-miller/4325 "Shamilla Miller"]. ''afternoonexpress.co.za''. Archived from [https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/shamilla-miller/4325 the original] on 21 November 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241127125443/https://screenfiction.org/de/person/shamilla-miller "Shamilla Miller - Biografie".] ''screenfiction.org'' (in German). Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> O alogile ka dikirii ya bachelor mo tshamekong ya mo pontsheng le mo filiming kwa [[AFDA, The School for the Creative Economy]] (AFDA) ka 2009.<ref name=":1">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=16457&sr=1 "Shamilla Miller: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> == Tiro == Miller o simolotse tiro ya gagwe ya botshameki mo lebaleng la metshameko, a tshameka mo ditshamekong kafa tlase ga [[David Kramer]] le Alfred Rietman. Gape o tshamekile dikarolo tsa konokono mo ditshamong tse di jaaka ''Krismas van Map Jacob's'' (2009) le ''Baby'' (2010).<ref name=":0" /> Go tloga ka 2011 go fitlha ka 2015, o ne a tsena mo setlhopheng sa Vulture Productions mme a tshameka mo ditshamekong di le tlhano tsa mofuta wa [[sitcom]] tse di neng di tshamekelwa kwa Artscape Theatre le kwa [[Moletlong wa Grahamstown]].<ref name=":2">[https://mlasa.com/actors/shamilla-miller/ "Shamilla Miller: Shamilla Miller".] ''MLASA''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Gape o tlhageletse mo dipapatsong tsa thelebishene.<ref name=":2" /> Ka 2013, o ne a dira tlhagelelo ya gagwe ya ntlha mo filiming ka filimi e kgolo ya Hollywood ya ''Zulu'' e e neng e tsamaisiwa ke Jérôme Salle. Ka 2014, o ne a tsena mo letotong la terama ya basha la [[SABC1]] la ''Amaza'', mo a neng a tshameka karolo ya ga Ayesha Ibrahim.<ref>[http://www.capetownmagazine.com/shamilla-miller "10 Questions For Cape Town Actress And Top Actor AFRICA Finalist Shamilla Miller"]. ''www.capetownmagazine.com''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Ka 2014 o ne a nna motsamaisi wa mananeo a thelebishene, mo a neng a tsamaisa lenaneo la thelebishene la bana la ''Challenge SOS''.<ref name=":0" /> Ka 2015, o ne a tshameka karolo ya boeng, jaaka Chanel, mo sefofaneng sa bobedi sa letoto la metlae le terama la SABC1 la ''Forced Love''.<ref>[https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/catch-stars-on-the-rise-in-forced-love-1932177 "Catch stars on the rise in 'Forced Love'"]. ''www.iol.co.za''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Mo nakong eo, o ne a tlhagelela mo [[difiliming tse dikhutshwane]] dintsi tse di jaaka: ''Lazy Susan'', ''As ek huistoe kom'', ''Nommer 37'', le ''Kleingeld''. Ka ntlha ya karolo ya gagwe mo filiming e khutshwane ya ''Nommer 37'', o ne a fenya sekgele sa modiragatsi yo o gaisang wa mosadi ka karolo ya gagwe ya ga Pam kwa moletlong wa difilimi tse dikhutshwane wa Mzanzi.<ref name=":2" /> Ka 2016 Miller o ne a akarediwa mo "Top 12" ya kgaisano ya nnete ya BET ya ''Top Actor Africa''.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.news24.com/Channel/6-questions-for-top-actor-africa-finalist-shamilla-miller-20160427 "6 questions for Top Actor Africa finalist Shamilla Miller"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya ga Maynard Kraak ya ''Sonskyn Beperk'' jaaka Nicola. Mo lebaleng la boditšhabatšhaba, o ne a tshameka mo filiming ya ''Back to School Mom'' le mo letotong la thelebishene la ''Hooten and the Lady''.<ref name=":0" /> Kwa bokhutlong jwa 2016, Miller o ne a fudugela kwa [[Johannesburg]], mo a neng a na le dikarolo tse di bonalang thata mo thelebisheneng. Gape o tshamekile Daniella mo sebaesekopong sa [[SABC3]] sa ''Isidingo''. Ka 2017, o ne a tsena mo sefofaneng sa boraro sa terama ya e.tv ya ''Z'bondiwe'', jaaka Hilda Miller.[^{[[go tlhoka metswedi]]}] Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a tshameka karolo ya motshegetsi jaaka Athena mo letotong la terama la BBC la ''Troy: Fall of a City''.<ref name=":2" /> Ka 2018, o ne a tlhagelela mo lenaneong la SABC3 la [[ditsamaiso tsa mapodisi]] la ''The Docket'' ka karolo e nnye. Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a tlhagelela mo motshamekong wa metlae wa [[Showmax]] wa ''Tali's Wedding Diary'' jaaka Kim. Lenaneo leno le ne la nna le letsatsi la ntlha la go simolola go gasiwa le le atlegileng go feta mananeo otlhe a Showmax.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/TV/News/pics-a-first-look-at-showmaxs-brand-new-original-series-20181129 "PICS: A first look at Showmax's brand new original series"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Ka 2019, o ne a tshameka karolo ya ga Riley Morgan mo letotong la ntlhantlha la Aforika Borwa la [[Netflix]] la ''Blood & Water''.<ref>[https://mubi.com/cast/shamilla-miller "Shamilla Miller"]. ''MUBI''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Mo ngwageng oo, o ne a tlhagelela mo letotong la ntlhantlha la Showmax la ''The Girl From St Agnes'', a tshameka karolo ya ga Jenna.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/tv/news/showmax-releases-the-first-trailer-for-their-new-original-series-that-has-a-powerhouse-of-women-behind-it-20190109 "Showmax releases the first trailer for their new original series that has a powerhouse of women behind it"]. Channel. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref><ref>Ferreira, Thinus. [https://www.news24.com/channel/tv/news/watch-say-goodbye-to-old-school-tvs-conservative-rules-and-hello-to-showmaxs-saucy-new-thriller-20190118 "WATCH: Say goodbye to old-school TV's conservative rules and hello to Showmax's saucy new thriller!"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref><ref>Nkosi, Joseph; MA. [https://thenation.co.za/bio/shamilla-miller-biography/ "Shamilla Miller bio - The Nation"]. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Lenaneo leno moragonyana le ne la roba rekote ya palo e e kwa godimo ya babogedi ba ba farologaneng mo diureng tsa ntlha tse 24, rekote e e neng e tshwerwe ke ''Tali's Wedding Diary''.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/channel/tv/news/new-showmax-original-breaks-all-time-viewing-record-20190202 "New Showmax original breaks all-time viewing record"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Ka 2021, o ne a tlhagelela mo mananeong a mabedi a thelebishene, mo a neng a tshameka dikarolo tse dintsi mo letotong la metlae la [[SABC2]] la ''Comedy Mixtape'', mme morago a nna Kelly Peterson mo letotong la ntlhantlha la Netflix la Aforika Borwa la ''Dead Places''.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Engelbrecht (@leandram_engel), Compiled by Leandra. [https://www.news24.com/channel/tv/news/netflix-releases-trailer-for-new-paranormal-series-dead-places-set-in-south-africa-20210319 "Netflix releases trailer for new paranormal series, Dead Places set in South Africa"]. ''Channel''. Retrieved 21 November 2021.</ref> Difilimi tse a di Tshamekileng {| class="wikitable" |+ !Ngwaga !Filimi !Karolo e e tshamekilweng !Mofuta !Metswedi |- |2013 |''Zulu'' |Mosetsana wa kwa Ntlong ya Bojalwa |Filimi | |- |2014 |''T-Junction'' |Natalie |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2014 |''Amaza'' |Ayesha Ibrahim |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2015 |''Nommer 37'' |Pam |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2015 |''Forced Love'' |Chanel |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2015 |''Lazy Susan'' |Miss Sugar |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2015 |''Kleingeld'' |Corey |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2016 |''Isidingo'' |Daniella |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2016 |''Sonskyn Beperk'' |Nicola |Filimi | |- |2016 |''Hooten & the Lady'' |Mosetsana wa kwa Ntlong ya Bojalwa wa Caribbean |Letoto le Lekhutshwane lwa Thelebishene | |- |2017 |''Z'bondiwe'' |Hilda Miller |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2017 |''Double Echo'' |Sandra |Filimi | |- |2018 |''[[Troy: Fall of a City]]'' |Athena |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2018 |''The Docket'' |Karolo ya Boeng |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2018 |''Tali's Baby Diary'' |Kim |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2019 |''[[The Girl from St. Agnes]]'' |Jenna |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2020 |''[[Blood & Water]]'' |Riley Morgan |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2020 |''The Verdict'' |Emerald |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2020 |''Jerusalema'' |Jo |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2021 |''Comedy Mixtape'' |Dikarolo tse di Farologaneng |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2021 |''Dead Places'' |Kelly Peterson |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2022 |''My Beskermer'' | |Filimi e Khutshwane | |- |2023 |''[[Devil's Peak]]'' |Anna Griessel |Letoto lwa Thelebishene | |- |2025 |''Sniper: Last Stand'' |Nadia |Filimi | |} == Metswedi == <references /> == Dikgolagano tsa kwa Ntle == * [[Shamilla Miller]] kwa [[IMDb]] * [[Shamilla Miller]] kwa TVSA pjzi3d0hari2pt5knnm1a4uhcgkdd2x 0 13221 51134 49816 2026-06-19T23:00:09Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sekolo sa Green Valley''' ke sekolo sa poraefete sa dipuo tse tharo (Sejeremane, Seesemane, Searabia)<ref>[https://www.eslbase.com/schools/egypt "List of English language schools in Egypt | Eslbase.com"]. Eslbase. Retrieved 19 February 2022.</ref>se se kwa Toropong ya Obour, kwa [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]]. Sekolo se tlhomilwe ka ngwaga wa 1998 mo gare ga dikolo di le mmalwa tsa dipuo tse tharo kwa Egepeto. E neelana ka thuto go tswa mo kgatong ya keretšhe go ya kwa Ngwageng wa bo lesome le bobedi(12) kgotsa IGCSE.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130101200306/http://www.gvschool.net/BriefHistory.html Brief history of the school] Deprecated link archived 21 February 2013 at [[:en:Archive.today|archive.today]]</ref>Searabia, Sejeremane le Seesemane di rutwa ka go tshwana.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == [[Karolo:Dikolo kwa Egypt]] [[Karolo:Thuto mo Aforika]] fxcixc2pxpriyva6w0iorl85nna2dcm 0 13285 51127 50073 2026-06-19T22:10:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Mahitsison Andriamanjato''' (o o tshostweng ka Phukwi a le masome mararo le motso ngwaga wa 1930 a tlhokafala ka Motsheganong a le lesome le borataro ngwaga wa 2013) e ne e le mopolotiki wa kwa [[Madagascar]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130728154610/http://www.madagate.com/editorial/communaute-malagasy/3264-madagascar-richard-andriamanjato-decede-a-paris-a-lage-de-83-ans.html "Madagascar : Richard Andriamanjato décède à Paris à l'âge de 83 ans".] Madagate.com. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2026</ref> Morago ga go tswa mo thutong, Andriamanjato o ne a na moruti. O ne a nna gape mo lotlhakoreng lwa go baya lefatshe la gaabo pele. Go tswa ka 1950 go tsena 1957, o ne a tsena sekolo kwa France. Ka ngwaga wa 1957, o ne a tsenelela bokopano jwa Bandung a nna moeteledipele mo letlhakoreng la letsholo la go baya lefatshe la gaabo pele a le kgatlhanong le [[Philibert Tsiranana]]. O ne a tlhatlhama moruti Ravelojaona o e neng e le motho o a neng a dumela mo go beeng lefatshe pele go nna moruti wa kereke ya Ambohitantely kwa [[Antananarivo]].<ref name=":0">Paredes, Alejandro (2010). [https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-23762010000200008&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en "REDES ECUMÉNICAS A MEDIADOS DEL SIGLO XX: UN ANÁLISIS DE REDES DE COAUTORÍAS EN LOS ESCRITOS DE MAURICIO LÓPEZ (1945-1972)"]. ''Universum''. '''25''' (2). [[:en:University_of_Talca|University of Talca]]: 117–137. doi:[https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-23762010000200008&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en 10.4067/S0718-23762010000200008]. [[:en:Handle_System|hdl:]][https://web.archive.org/web/20250123124248/https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/101627 11336/101627.] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0718-2376 0718-2376]. [[:en:ProQuest|ProQuest]] [https://www.proquest.com/docview/848408938?sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals 848408938.]</ref> Andriamanjato morago o ne a nna leloko la khansele ya Protestant Federation of Madagascar. O ne a nna tautona wa khansele ya dikereke tsa Aforika, gape e le leloko la khansele ya dikereke ya lefatshe ka bophara kwa Geneva le mookamedi wa lekgotla la seKeresete la kagiso.<ref name=":0" /> Andriamanjato o ne a nna motho o o dumelang mo o beyeng setshaba pele. Ka ngwaga wa 1958, o ne a tlhama phathi ya Independence Congress of Madagascar (AKFM), e e neng ya tlhama kamano le phati ya French Communist e le yone phathi ya kaganetso ya boremelelo sebaka sa dingwaga di le lesome. Ka ngwaga wa 1959, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna ratoropo wa Antananarivo.<ref name=":0" /> O ne a tswelela ka go nna tautona wa AKFM go fitlhelela ka 1965, mme a seka a kgona go emela ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa Mdagascar ka 1965 ka ntlha ya dingwaga tsa gagwe.<ref>Desmarescaux, Joseph (1965). "The development of the countries of French civilization in Africa". ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Civilisations_(journal)&action=edit&redlink=1 Civilisations]''. '''15''' (1): 105. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0009-8140 0009-8140]. [[:en:JSTOR#Content|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41230855 41230855.]</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1972, Andriamanjato o ne a ema Didier Ratsiraka nokeng, ka ngwaga wa 1976 o ne a etelela pele AKFM mo bokopanong jwa diphathi jwa National Front of the Defence Revolution. Ka e ne e le moema nokeng wa ga Albert Zafy, o ne a kgaogana le Ratsiraka le AKFM ka 1989 go tlhama phathi ya Independence Congress of Madagascar - Renewal. Go tswa ka 1991 go tsena 1993, ene le [[Manandafy Rakotonirina]] ba ne ba nna bo tautona ba komiti ya tsosoloso itsholelo;<ref>[https://www.assemblee-nationale.mg/en/historique.php History of the National Assembly] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070905174404/http://www.assemblee-nationale.mg/en/historique.php Archived] 2007-09-05 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]], official website of the National Assembly (in French).</ref> ka ngwaga wa 1993 o ne a nna tautona wa palamente ya Madagascar,<ref>[https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-23762010000200008&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Paredes 2010], p. 132.</ref> a nna mo maemong ao go fitlhelela ka 1998.<ref>"Madagascar: Newly-elected National Assembly inaugurated", Malagasy National Radio (nl.newsbank.com), July 8, 1998.</ref> O ne a emela ditlhopho tsa botautona tsa 1996 ka Ngwanatsele a nna mo maemong a botlhano, a iponetse ditalama di le 4.94%.<ref>"[http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/Presidentielles_du_29_decembre_1996.pdf RAPPORT DE LA MISSION EXPLORATOIREEN VUE DE L’ELECTION PRESIDENTIELLEDU 3 NOVEMBRE 1996]", democratie.francophonie.org (in French).</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1991, mosadi wa gagwe, ebong [[Bao Andriamanjato]], o ne a tshwarwa kwa Antananarivo, ka batho ba ba gwantang ba le batlhano ba gobaditswe ke mapodisi.<ref>"Five hurt in Madagascar protest". [[:en:Calgary|Calgary]]. [[:en:Reuters|Reuters]]. 26 July 1991. p. 14. [[:en:ISSN|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0828-1815 0828-1815]. [[:en:ProQuest|ProQuest]] [https://www.proquest.com/docview/244121915 244121915.]</ref> Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa 1990 di le fa gare, Adriamajanto o ne a boela morago botshelo jwa setshaba. Morwae, [[Ny Hasina Andriamanjato]], le ene ke mopolotiki. == Metswedi == i25rjg6gawaz3ce3ze156j6fmilcnv2 0 13307 51071 50930 2026-06-19T13:43:03Z Stonesetswammung 12839 Ke atolositse tlhanolo ya tsebe e. #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 51071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makgobokgobo a Okavango''' kgotsa '''Metswedi ya Okavango''' ke makgobokgobo a a bonwang mo [[Botswana]] kwa Noka ya Okavango e felelang teng ebo e fitlhelela bophara jwa makgolo a robabongwe le masome a le mararo go ya go sekete sa dimethara (930–1,000 m)<ref name=":1">[https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/RISrep/BW879RISformer.pdf "Ramsar Information Sheet"] (PDF). 1996. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021.</ref> (3,050–3,280 ft) mo karolong e e fa gare ya lekadiba la endorheic la Sekaka sa Kalahari. Ke lefelo la Ngwaoboswa ya Lefatshe la [[UNESCO]] jaaka e le engwe ya makgobokgobo a fitlhelwang mo teng ga mpa ya lefatshe e e sa elelaleng kwa lewatleng, e na le naga e e bongola e gantsi e itsetletseng.<ref name=":0"> Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1162 "Twenty six new properties added to World Heritage List at Doha meeting"]. ''Whc.unesco.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180726234247/http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1162 Archived] from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.</ref> Go na le moo, metsi a morwalela a anamela mo mafelong a a tletseng motlhaba le mo ditlhaketlhakeng, mme karolo e kgolo ya one e elela kwa tlase mo metsing a a seng boteng a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe, pele ga dimela di a monya. Mo e ka nnang metsi otlhe a a fitlhang mo makgobokgobong, kgabagare a a mowafala a bo a fetoga mowa. Ngwaga le ngwaga, metsi a a ka nnang selekanyo sa 11 km³ (2.6 cu mi) a anama mo lefelong leno la 6,000–15,000 km² (2,300–5,800 sq mi). Metsi mangwe a morwalela a elela mo Letsheng la Ngami.<ref>Keen, Cecil (1997). "[http://www.greatestplaces.org/notes/okavango.htm Okavango Delta"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080116102605/http://www.greatestplaces.org/notes/okavango.htm Archived] from the original on 16 January 2008. Retrieved 27 August 2007.</ref> Kgaolo e e kile ya bo e le karolo ya Letsha la Makgadikgadi, letsha la bogologolo tala le le neng le kgadile thata kwa tshimologong ya ''Holocene''.<ref>McCarthy, T. S. (1993). "The great inland deltas of Africa". ''Journal of African Earth Sciences''. '''17''' (3): 275–291. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]][https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993JAfES..17..275M :1993JAfES..17..275M.] [[doi:10.1016/0899-5362(93)90073-Y|doi:10.1016/0899-5362(93)90073-Y.]]</ref> Moremi Game Reserve e mo ntlheng ya botlhaba tsatsi jwa makgobokgobo a. Makgobokgobo a a ne a kaiwa e le nngwe ya ''Seven Natural Wonders of Africa'', a neng ya tshwaiwa semmuso ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e malatsi a lesome le motso, ngwaga wa ketepedi lesome le bongwe ( 2013 ) kwa Arusha, Tanzania.<ref>[["Seven Natural Wonders of Africa – Seven Natural Wonders"]]. ''sevennaturalwonders.org''. Archived from the original on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2013.</ref> Ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigo e tlhola malatsi ale masome a mabedi le bobedi, ngwaga wa ketepedi lesome le bone (2014) , Makgobokgobo a Okavango e ne ya nna lefelo la sekete go kwadisiwa semmuso mo Lenaaneng la Ngwaoboswa ya Lefatshe ya UNESCO.<ref>Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. [["World Heritage List reaches 1000 sites with inscription of Okavango Delta in Botswana".]] ''Whc.unesco.org''. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.</ref><ref name=":0" /> == Leina == Leina ''Okavango'' le tswa mo Nokeng ya Okavango, e le yone e tswang mo go ''Kavango'', e e kayang batho ba Kavango ba kwa bokone jwa Namibia. Mekwalo ya bogologolo ya Seesemane e ne e akaretsa ''Okovango'', fa bakanoki bangwe ba kwa Namibia ba rata Kavango fa ba bua ka noka le kgaolo ya Namibia. Mokwala-ditso Andreas Eckl o bolela fa dipego tsa German colonial di ne di dirisa ''Okavango'', mme gore tlhaka ya ntlha ya ''O-'' ga e a tlwaelesega mo ditemeng tsa lefelo leo tsa Kavango, mme ka moo e ile ya amanngwa le tlhotlheletso ya Ba-Herero.<ref>Eckl, Andreas (2007). [["Reports from 'beyond the line': The accumulation of knowledge of Kavango and its peoples by the German colonial administration 1891–1911"]] (PDF). ''Journal of Namibian Studies''. '''1''': 7–37. Retrieved 12 May 2026.</ref> == Popego (Motheo) == === Merwalela === Okavango e dirwa ke merwalela e etlang le dipaka tsa ngwaga. Noka ya Okavango e gelela pula ya selemo (Firikgong-Tlhakole) go tswa kwa dithabeng tsa Angola mme e elela sekgala sa 1200 km mo selekanong sa kgwedi e le nngwe. Morago ga moo, metsi a anama mo lefelong la makgobokgobo a bophara jwa 37 500 km^² (14,500 sq mi) mo dikgweding di le nne tse di latelang (Mopitlo-Seetebosigo). Mogote o o ko godimo wa makgobokgobo o baka tatlhego e ntsi ya metsi a a tsewang ke mowa o o molelo, seo se baka kgolo le kwelotlase ya metsi e e nnileng gararo<ref>C. N. Kurugundla; N. M. Moleele; K.Dikgola. [["Flow Partitioning Within the Okavango Delta –A Pre-requisite for Environmental Flow Assessment for Human Livelihoods and Sustainable Biodiversity Management"]] (PDF). University of Botswana. pp. 8–9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021.</ref> mme e sa tlhaloganyesege go fitlhela ka ''20th century''. Merwalela e nna magareng ga dikgwedi tsa Seetebosigo le Phatwe, ka nako e lefatshe la Botswana le itemogelang komelelo mo dikgweding tsa mariga, foo makgobokgobo a tlale a penologe go ka nna gararo ga selekanyo sa one, mme se se ngoke diphologolo go tswa dikilometara tse di seng kae di dire nngwe ya kgobokana ya diphologolo tsa naga tse dintsi mo Aferika. Makgobokgobo a ikadile, selekanyo sa pharologanyo ya go tsholetsega ga dimithata tse di ko tlase ga bobedi (7 ft) go anama le 15,000 km² (5,800 sq mi),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090719112055/http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ "Okavango Delta"]. Archived from [http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ the original] on 19 July 2009.</ref> fa metsi one a kgokologe ka selekanyo sa dimithata di ka nna masome a marataro (200 ft) go tswa Mohembo go tsena mo Maun.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Wehberg, Jan (31 December 2013). [[doi:10.7809/b-e.00236|"Okavango Basin - Physicogeographical setting"]]. ''Biodiversity & Ecology''. '''5''': 11. [[Doi:10.7809/b-e.00236|doi:10.7809/b-e.00236]].</ref><ref>Gumbricht, T. (1 September 2001). "The topography of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and its tectonic and sedimentological implications". ''South African Journal of Geology''. '''104''' (3): 243–264. [[Bibcode:2001SAJG..104..243G.]] [[Doi:10.2113/1040243.|doi:10.2113/1040243.]]</ref> === Go elela ga Metsi === === Letsha (Lecha) === Fa metsi a fokotsega ka iketlo, metsi a nna a ntse a le teng mo melapong le mo dinokeng, mo mesimeng ya metsi le mo matsheng a le mmalwa a magolo, mme seno se baka koketsego ya diphologolo. Mafelo a go itseelwang ditshwantsho le mafelo a bojanala/boetelo a le mmalwa a bonwa mo tikologong ya matsha a. Mangwe a matsha a matoma a akaretsa: * Dombo Hippo Pool (19°11′58″S 23°38′25″E) * Gcodikwe Lagoon (19°10′03″S 23°14′24″E) * Guma Lagoon (18°57′52″S 22°22′41″E) * Jerejere Lagoon/Hippo Pool (19°05′17″S 23°01′12″E) * Moanachira Lagoon/Sausage Island (19°03′23″S 23°03′44″E) * Moanachira Lagoon (19°03′45″S 23°05′24″E) * Shinde Lagoon (19°06′18″S 23°09′18″E) * Xakanaxa Lagoon (19°10′48″S 23°23′42″E) * Xhamu Lagoon (19°10′03″S 23°16′12″E) * Xhobega Lagoon (19°10′39″S 23°12′36″E) * Xugana Lagoon (19°04′12″S 23°06′00″E) * Zibadiania Lagoon (18°34′12″S 23°32′06″E) === Ditlhaketlhake tsa letswai === Go kgobokana ga letswai go dikologa medi ya dimela go dira gore go nne le mafelo a masweu a a se nang sepe mo gare ga ditlhaketlhake di le diketekete, tse di setseng di na le letswai le lentsi thata mo dimela di se kgoneng go tshela mo go tsone, kwantle fela ga ditlhare tsa mokolane tse tle di nne teng tse di kgonang go emelana le letswai. Ditlhare le bojang di gola mo motlhabeng o o dikologileng ditlhaketlhake tseno tse di iseng di nne letswai thata. Mo e ka nnang bosupa mo lesomeng (70%) ya ditlhaketlhake e simolotse e le dithotobolo tsa ditshoswane (gantsi ''Macrotermes'' spp.), mo setlhare se neng sa mela gone mo thotobolong ya mmu.<ref>Dunford, Chris. [http://www.nature-explored.com/moremi-okavango-august.htm "Nature explored:Moremi/Okavango Delta in August"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120055602/http://www.nature-explored.com/moremi-okavango-august.htm Archived] from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2020.</ref> === Chief's Island === Chief's Island (19°12′S 22°48′E), setlhaketlhake se segolo go di feta tsotlhe mo makgobokgobong, se ne sa bopiwa ke ''mola'' o o neng wa tlhatlosa lefelo le le boleele jwa 70 km (43 mi) le bophara jwa 15 km (9.3 mi). Mo nakong e e fetileng, e ne e le lefelo le le seelegetsweng fa thoko go nna la go tsoma ga ga kgosi fela, mme gone jaanong ke lefelo le le sireleditsweng la diphologolo tsa naga. Jaanong ke lefelo la konokono la bontsi jwa diphologolo tsa naga, fa metsi a tlhatloga.<ref>[https://okavangosafari.co.bw/ "Okavango delta Botswana | Mokoro and boating safaris"]. ''Okavango Safaris''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120055446/https://okavangosafari.co.bw/ Archived] from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2020</ref> == Climate (''Tlelaemete'') == Botala jo bogolo jwa Makgobokgobo ga bo bakwe ke ''tlelaemete'' e e bongola; mme, ke lefelo le le nang le metsi (oasis) mo nageng e e omeletseng. Selekanyetso sa pula e e nang ngwaga le ngwaga ke 450 mm (18 in) (mo e ka nnang selekanyo sa bongwe-mo-borarong jwa kgaolo ya Angola kwa e tsayang metsi teng) ebile bontsi jwa yone, pula, e na magareng ga Sedimonthole le Mopitlo e le mo sebopegong sa dipula tsa matlakadibe tsa motshegare. Sedimonthole go tsena ka Tlhakole ke dikgwedi tse di mogote le tse di bongola ka selekanyo-sa-mogote wa motshegare o o kgonang go tsoletsegela kwa go 40 °C (104 °F), masigo a a mololo (bothitho), le maemo a bongola mo phefong a a tsamayang magareng ga 50 le 80%. Go tloga ka Mopitlo go tsena Motsheganong, selekanyo-sa-mogote se a fokotsega, o o ko godimo e le 30 °C (86 °F) motshegare le masigo a a mololo go ya kwa botsididing. Dipula di kgaota ka bonako mme go bo go latela dikgwedi tse go senang pula le tse di tsididi tsa mariga tsa Seetebosigo go tsena Phatwe. Mo nakong eno ya ngwaga, seemo sa mogote wa motshegare ga se kwa godimo thata, mme mogote o ye ko tlase thata fa letsatsi le sena go phirima. Masigo a tle a nne tsididi mo makgobokgobong, ka serame se se gaufi le 0 °C.<ref>[https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/botswana "Botswana climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation, best time"]. ''Climatestotravel.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220120055436/https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/botswana Archived] from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2020</ref> Ka dinako tse dingwe tsa mariga, mmowane wa serame o bonale.<ref>[https://www.naturalhistoryfilmunit.com/post/a-year-in-the-okavango-delta "A Year in the Okavango Delta"]. ''Naturalhistoryfilmunit.com''.</ref> Lwetse go ya ko go Ngwanatsele, mogote le mokete-jwa-mowa-o-o-mo-lefaufaung (''atmospheric pressure'') di bowa di oketsega, fa paka ya mariga (e senang pula) e tsena mo pakeng ya dipula. Phalane ke kgwedi e e gwetlhang thata baeng: gantsi seemo sa mogote sa motshegare se feta 40 °C (104 °F) mme komelelo e kgaupediwa fela ka dinako tse dingwe ke go thunya ga maru ga tshoganetso.<ref name=":2">UNEP-WCMC (22 May 2017). [https://www.yichuans.me/datasheet/output/site/okavango-delta/ "OKAVANGO DELTA".] ''World Heritage Datasheet''. Retrieved 17 May 2021.</ref> == Diphologolo/ditshidi tsa makgobokgobo == Makgobokgobo a Okavango ke legae la se nnela ruri le la dipaka dingwe, sa mefutafuta ya diphologolo tsa naga.<ref>Bradley, John H. (October 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20091119220225/http://www.capetowntocairo.com/travelogue/gliding-in-a-mokoro-through-the-okavango-delta.htm "Gliding in a Mokoro Through the Okavango Delta, Botswana"]. ''Cape Town to Cairo Website''. CapeTowntoCairo.com. Archived from [http://www.capetowntocairo.com/travelogue/gliding-in-a-mokoro-through-the-okavango-delta.htm the original] on 19 November 2009. Retrieved 10 November 2009.</ref> Diphologolo tsotlhe ''tse tlhano tse dikgolo'' tsa naga, tau, nkwe (lengau), nare ya Aferika, tlou ya Aferika, tshukudu e ntsho le e tshweu di teng.<ref>Galpine, N. J. (2006). [https://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/120/1203674763.pdf "Boma management of black and white rhinoceros at Mombo, Okavango Delta — some lessons"] (PDF). ''Ecological Journal''. '''7''': 55−61. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210207165941/https://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/120/1203674763.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref> Phologolo e e tletseng thata e le kgolwane e amusa (seamusi) ke letswee (red Lechwe), e go fopholediwang gore di ka tswa di le 88 000.<ref>Chase, M.; Schlossberg, S.; Landen, K.; Sutcliffe, R.; Seonyatseng, E.; Keitsile, A. & Flyman, M. (2018). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307968091 Dry Season Aerial Survey of Elephants and Wildlife in Northern Botswana] (Report). Botswana: Elephants Without Borders, the Department of Wildlife and National Parks and the Great Elephant Census.</ref> Mefuta e mengwe ya ditshedi e akaretsa thutlwa, kgokong, pitse ya naga, kubu,<ref>McCarthy, T. S.; Ellery, W. N.; Bloem, A. (1998). "Some observations on the geomorphological impact of hippopotamus (''Hippopotamus amphibius'' L.) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana". ''African Journal of Ecology''. '''36''' (1): 44−56. [[Bibcode:1998AfJEc..36...44M. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.1998.89-89089.x.]]</ref> phala, phofu, tholo, kwalata, tshepe e khibidu, ''puku'', tumoga (waterbuck), ''sitatunga'', ''tsessebe'', letlotse,<ref>Klein, R. (2007). [http://www.catsg.org/fileadmin/filesharing/3.Conservation_Center/3.2._Status_Reports/Cheetah/Klein_2007_Cheetah_in_Botswana.pdf "Status report for the cheetah in Botswana"] (PDF). ''Cat News''. Special Issue 1: 13−21. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210831015402/http://www.catsg.org/fileadmin/filesharing/3.Conservation_Center/3.2._Status_Reports/Cheetah/Klein_2007_Cheetah_in_Botswana.pdf Archived] (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2020.</ref> lekanyane (letlhalerwa), phiri, phokojwe, thwane, tadi, thakadu, thukwi, motlhose, mmutla, matshwane, kolobe ya naga, tshwene, kgabo le kwena.<ref>Wallace, K. M.; Leslie, A. J. (2008). "Diet of the Nile crocodile (''Crocodylus niloticus'') in the Okavango Delta, Botswana". ''Journal of Herpetology''. '''42''' (2): 361−368. [[Doi:10.1670/07-1071.1.|doi:10.1670/07-1071.1.]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:46987629 S2CID 46987629].</ref> Makgobokgobo a gape a na le mefuta e fetang 400 ya dinonyana, e akaretsa le kgaka, kgoadira (ntsu o mogolo), morubisi, legou, ''lefaloa'', mogatsakwena (mmatshwii), ''African skimmer'', ghube, leowang, ''molomo-swana'', legololwane (legoloane), lehututu, mogolodi (mogolori),<ref>Alonso, L. E.; Nordin, L.-A., eds. (2003). ''A rapid biological assessment of the aquatic ecosystems of the Okavango Delta, Botswana: High Water Survey''. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment. Vol. 27. Washington, DC: Conservation International. [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-881173-70-4|ISBN <bdi>1-881173-70-4</bdi>.]]</ref> ''letleretlere (letlhakela)'', ramolongwana (mmamolongwana/tlhagwe) le mmantshe.<ref>Mbaiwa, J. E.; Mbaiwa, O. I. (2006). "The effects of veterinary fences on wildlife populations in Okavango Delta, Botswana". ''International Journal of Wilderness''. '''12''' (3): 17−41. [[Hdl:10311/28.|hdl:10311/28.]]</ref> Fa e sale ka 2005, lefelo le le sireleditsweng le, ntse le tsewa jaaka Lefelo la Tshomarelo ya Ditau (Lion Conservation Unit ) gammogo le Hwange National Park.<ref>IUCN Cat Specialist Group (2006). ''Conservation Strategy for the Lion'' Panthera leo ''in Eastern and Southern Africa''. Pretoria, South Africa: IUCN.</ref> Ka 2019, ditshukudu di ka nna 150 di ne di tshela kwa bokone jwa Makgobokgobo a Okavango.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/poaching-natural-causes-decimate-botswana-s-rhino-population/6972651.html "Poaching, Natural Causes Decimate Botswana's Rhino Population"]. ''Voa News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230713113217/https://www.voanews.com/a/poaching-natural-causes-decimate-botswana-s-rhino-population/6972651.html Archived] from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023</ref> Go tloga ka 2020 go fitlha ka 2021, ditshukudu di le 92 di ne tsa bolawa ke magodu a di phologolo mo kgaolong ya makgobokgobo ga sala fela di le 40, se sa dira gore puso e fuduse ditshukudu tseo go tswa mo Makgobokgobong a Okavango.<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-23/botswana-moves-rhinos-out-of-okavango-delta-as-poaching-worsens "Botswana Moves Rhinos Out of Okavango Delta as Poaching Worsens"]. ''Bloomberg''. 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221122041225/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-23/botswana-moves-rhinos-out-of-okavango-delta-as-poaching-worsens Archived] from the original on 22 November 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2023.</ref> === Ditlhapi === Makgobokgobo a Okavango a na le mefuta e le 71 ya ditlhapi, go akaretsa le ditlhapi tsa ngwesi, mefuta ya di-tilapia le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditlhapi tsa ''babore.'' Ditlhapi tseno di farologana ka bogolo go tloga ka ''babore'' ya Afrika e e nang le meno a a bogale e e boleele jwa dimetara di le 1,4 (1,4 m/4.6 ft) go ya go e e boleele jwa disentimetara di le 3,2 (3,2 cm/1.3 in) jwa ''sickle barb''. Mefuta e e tshwanang e, e fitlhelwa mo Nokeng ya Zambezi, e supa ditso tsa kamano magareng ga dinoka tse pedi tse.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162829/http://www.orc.ub.bw/downloads/FS3_fish.pdf "The Fishes of the Okavango Delta"] (PDF). ''Harry Oppenheimer Okavango Research Centre''. 2007. Archived from [http://www.orc.ub.bw/downloads/FS3_fish.pdf the original] (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2011.</ref> == Dimela == Makgobokgobo a Okavango ke legae la dimela di le 1068 tse di tswang mo masikeng a le 134 le mo mefuteng e le 530.<ref>Ramberg, Lars (2006). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226358917 "Species diversity of the Okavango Delta, Botswana"]. ''Aquatic Sciences''. '''68''' (3): 316. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AqSci..68..310R Bibcode:2006AqSci..68..310R.] [[Doi:10.1007/s00027-006-0857-y|doi:10.1007/s00027-006-0857-y]] – via ResearchGate.</ref> Go na le mefuta e le metlhano e e botlhokwa ya dimela mo ''mogobeng'' o o sa kgaleng: ''Papyrus cyperus'' mo metsing a a boteng, ''Miscanthus'' mo mafelong a a nang le go elelela metsi a a seng boteng, le ''Phragmites australis'', ''Typha capensis'' le ''Pycreus'' fa gare ga tsone. Mefuta ya ditshedi tse di nnang mo ''mogobeng'', tse gantsi di fitlhelwang mo ''mogobeng'' o o sa kgaleng, gape di atologa go ya kwa mafelong a a nang le merwalela e tlang le dipaka.<ref name=":2" /> Fa lotlhaka le melang teng la ''Papyrus cyperus,'' le gola sentle mo metsing a a elelang ka bonya a a boteng, mme eseng thata, mme e bonala thata mo matlhakoreng a melapo. Mo ditlhaketlhakeng le mo mafelong a fetang bojang jo bo tletseng metsi, go na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya dimela. Mefuta eno e fitlhelwa go ya ka gore e rata metsi a ntseng jang: sekai, ''Philenoptera violacea'' e tlhoka metsi a mannye, e fitlhelwa kwa mafelong a a tsholetsegileng thata mo mafelong a ''mogobe'' o o sa kgaleng, ebile e tlwaelesegile mo mafelong a ditlhaketlhake a ''mogobe'' o o kgalang. Ditlhare tse di fitlhelwang fela mo ditlhaketlhakeng tse di mo ''mogobeng'' o o sa kgaleng, di kopantse tsa mokolane se se bidiwang ''Hyphaene petersiana'' le tsa moaka.<ref>Ramberg, Lars (2006). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226358917 "Species diversity of the Okavango Delta, Botswana"]. ''Aquatic Sciences''. '''68''' (3): 316. [[Bibcode:2006AqSci..68..310R.]] [[Doi:10.1007/s00027-006-0857-y|doi:10.1007/s00027-006-0857-y]] – via ResearchGate.</ref><ref>Toerien, D. K. (15 August 1976). [[doi:10.4102/koedoe.v19i1.1179|"Geologie van die Tsitsikamakusstrook".]] ''Koedoe''. '''19''' (1). [[Doi:10.4102/koedoe.v19i1.1179.|doi:10.4102/koedoe.v19i1.1179.]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2071-0771 ISSN 2071-0771.]</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> t42y2gd1y6kkflk2ujv5ftie8g57r1n 0 13320 51104 50195 2026-06-19T20:09:48Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Matlabas|image_name=Matlaba river - panoramio.jpg|image_map=Aforika Borwa|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]}} '''Noka ya Matlabas''' ke noka e e kwa kgaolong ya [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo,]] kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E tshela no [[Limpopo River|nokeng ya Limpopo]]. Noka e, e nosa lefelo la selekanyo sa dikhilomithara di le dikete tse tharo, makgolo a mane, masome a mane le borobabobedi.<ref>[https://www.fao.org/4/y5744e/y5744e07.htm Major rivers and streams within the Limpopo River Basin]</ref> Lefelo lotlhe le le nosiwang ke noka e le kwa kgaolong ya mmasepala wa Waterberg. == Motswedi == Noka ya Matlabas e simolola kwa bophirima jwa Waterberg Massif kwa lefelong la itloso bodutu la Marakele.<ref>[http://www.marakelepark.co.za/parks.php?id=3 The Marakele Contractual National Park] [https://web.archive.org/web/20091015042955/http://www.marakelepark.co.za/parks.php?id=3 Archived] 2009-10-15 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref> Fa e tswa mo dithabeng e elela kwa bokone-bophirima go fitlhelela e kopana le lotshitshi lo lo kwa mojeng lwa noka ya Limpopo. Le ntswa e le noka e e elelang ka dinako tsotlhe, noka ya Matlabas e laolwa ke dipaka, ka jalo go elela ga yone go a farologana.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.metrogis.co.za/docs/WDEMF_Draft_EMF_Report_SectionA.pdf |title=Waterberg District Environmental Management Network |access-date=2026-06-05 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035434/http://www.metrogis.co.za/docs/WDEMF_Draft_EMF_Report_SectionA.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> E tshelwa ke noka ya Mamba.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA1Limpopo.jpg Limpopo WMA 1]</ref> == Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe == * Drainage Basin A * [[Dinoka tsa kwa Aforika Borwa]] == Metswedi == jro9tn9lna35pxz4rbop7lo1u8me27r 0 13323 51129 50198 2026-06-19T22:25:50Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Rufiji''' e mo Tanzania yotlhe. Ke noka e kgolo ebile e le telele go di feta tsotlhe mo nageng eno, e bopilwe ke go kopana ga noka ya Kilombero le ya Luwegu. E boleele jwa dikilometara di ka nna makgolo a marataro (600), e na le motswedi kwa borwabophirima jwa Tanzania, e felela kwa Lewatleng la India, go bapa le Setlhaketlhake sa Mafia, kwa Kgaolong ya Pwani. Noka ya yone e kgolo ke Noka e Kgolo ya Ruaha. E kgona go tsamaya ka dikepe mo sekgaleng sa dikilometara di le lekgolo (100). Noka ya Rufiji e bokgakala jwa 200 kilometres (120 mi) kwa borwa jwa Dar es Salaam. Delta ya noka e na le sekgwa se segolo go gaisa sa mangrove mo botlhaba jwa Afrika.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140821041140/http://bscw-app1.let.ethz.ch/pub/nj_bscw.cgi/d11576989/Snoussi_2007_Downstream_and.pdf ""Downstream and Coastal Impacts of Damming and Water Abstraction in Africa", ''Environmental Management'', authored by Maria Snoussi, Johnson Kitheka, Yohanna Shaghude, Alioune Kane, Russell Arthurton, Martin Le Tissier, and Hassan Virji, 2007, volume 39, page 589"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-21. Retrieved 2015-10-18</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Rufiji River Selous Game Reserve.jpg|thumb|Rufiji River]] == Hisitori == Lekala la ditsela tsa bogologolo tsa lewatle le ne le lebile kwa tlase kwa lotshitshing lwa Afrika Botlhaba le le neng le bidiwa "Azania" ke Bagerika le Baroma ka lekgolo la ntlha la dingwaga CE jaaka go tlhalositswe mo Periplus ya Lewatle la Erythraean (mme, go ka direga thata, Chinese: 澤散 ka lekgolo la boraro la dingwaga ke Ba-China),<ref>[http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/weilue/weilue.html "The Peoples of the West".] ''from the Weilue 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢''. Translated by Hill, John E. University of Washington. September 2004. Retrieved 2009-04-18.</ref>bobotlana go fitlha kwa boemakepeng jo bo neng bo itsiwe ke Baroma e le Rhapta, jo gongwe bo neng bo le mo delta ya Noka ya Rufiji kwa [[Tanzania]] ya segompieno.<ref>"The Egypto-Graeco-Romans and Panchea/Azania: sailing in the Erythraean Sea." Felix A. Chami. In: ''Society for Arabian Studies Monographs 2 Trade and Travel in the Red Sea Region''. Proceedings of Red Sea Project I held in the British Museum October 2002, pp. 93-104. Edited by Paul Lunde and Alexandra Porter. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-84171-622-7|<bdi>1-84171-622-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Ntlha, go tloga ka kgwedi ya Phalane ngwaga wa 1914 go ya go kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 1915, noka eno e ne ya tlhaselwa ka lobaka lo loleele ke masole a lewatle. Tseno e ne e le maiteko, mme moragonyana a ne a atlega, a Royal Navy a go fedisa le go senya sekepe sa ntwa sa Jeremane sa Königsberg. == Porojeke ya Motlakase wa Metsi == Setlhogo sa konokono: Julius Nyerere Hydropower Station Tautona wa Tanzania John Magufuli o dumetse go agiwa ga letamo le le belaetsang <ref>Hoag, Heather J.; Öhman, May-Britt (2008). [https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=hist "Turning water into power: Debates over the Development of Tanzania's Rufiji River Basin, 1945-1985"]. ''Technology and Culture''. '''49''' (3): 624–651. doi:10.1353/tech.0.0061. <nowiki>PMID 18831291</nowiki>. S2CID 27222691.</ref><ref>Siderius, Christian; et al. (2021). "Chapter 6: High Stakes Decisions Under Uncertainty: Dams, Development and Climate Change in the Rufiji River Basin". In Conway, Declan; Vincent, Katharine (eds.). ''[https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/46818/2021_Book_ClimateRiskInAfrica.pdf?sequence=1#page=114 Climate Risk in Africa: Adaptation and Resilience]'' (PDF). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillian. pp. 93–113. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61160-6_6. ISBN <bdi>978-3-030-61159-0</bdi>. S2CID 234340454.</ref>le la motlakase mo nokeng kwa Stiegler's Gorge.<ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_tanzania-construct-hydropower-plant-national-reserve/6172693.html "Tanzania to Construct Hydropower Plant on National Reserve"]. ''Voice of America''. July 26, 2019.</ref>Seteišene sa motlakase se solofetswe go tlamela dimekawate di le 2,100 tsa motlakase, go feta maatla a metsi a a leng teng a Tanzania a dimekawate di le 562. Go agiwa ga letamo le go simolotse ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le masome a mabedi le borataro (26),ka ngwaga wa 2019, mme go solofetswe gore le tla bo le setse le agilwe ka ngwaga wa 2022.<ref>Takouleu, Jean Marie (24 July 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190725050527/https://www.afrik21.africa/en/tanzania-stieglers-gorge-dam-construction-begins-on-july-26/ "Stiegler's Gorge dam construction begins on July 26".] Afrik 21. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019.</ref> == Metswedi == <references /> 3klb1wcjrbcf2m971rsph5hzon0h3uj 0 13364 51103 50246 2026-06-19T20:08:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Mangoky''' ke noka ya boleele jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a matlhano,masome a marataro le bone 5kwa [[Madagascar]] kwa dikgaolong tsa [[Atsimo-Andrefana]] le [[Anosy]]. E bopilwe ke noka ya Mananantanana le ya Matsiatra. Noka e nngwe e e botlhokwa ke Noka ya Zomandao. E tlhoga kwa Central Highlands ya Madagascar kafa botlhaba jwa toropo ya Fianarantsoa. Noka e elela kwa bophirima go tswa kwa dithabeng, e kgabaganya karolo ya borwa ya Bemaraha Plateau, e fitlha kwa dipoeng tsa kwa lotshitshing le delta ya yone, mme e tsena mo Mozambique Channel kwa bokone jwa toropo ya [[Morombe]] kwa 21.316667°S 43.533333°E. Bontsi jwa lefatshe la Madagascar le ile la senngwa thata ke go rengwa ga dikgwa mo dingwageng di le masome a mane tse di fetileng, segolobogolo ka ntlha ya mekgwa ya go rema ditlhare le go di fisa e e dirwang ke batho ba ba tlholegileng koo. Go nyelela mo ga dikgwa go ile ga dira gore mmu o senyege thata mo molapong wa Noka ya Mangoky, jaaka go bontshiwa ke mafelo a le mantsi a a nang le motlhaba a a leng mo moseleng wa noka. [[Letsha la Ihotry]] le le tletseng seretse le le botala jo bo tseneletseng le bonala sentle kwa borwa jwa noka eno. Fa gare ga letsha le lotshitshi go na le karolo e kgolo e tshweu ya motlhaba e e kgabagantsweng ke matamo a a tletseng seretse. Karolo e e kwa borwa ya delta e laolwa ke ditlhaketlhake tse di dikologileng le go bopega ga makhubu. Go farologana le seo, karolo e e kwa bokone e e sireleditsweng ya letsha e tletse ka dinokana tse di nang le metsi a mantsi le di-mangrove == Borogo == Dithulaganyo tsa go aga borogo jwa noka ya Mangoky mo RN 9 di simolotse ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le masome a mabedi . E tla nna borogo jo boleele go gaisa mo Madagascar ka dimethara di le makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi .<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241211071434/https://laverite.mg/politique/item/12311-rn9-le-plus-long-pont-de-madagascar-va-voir-le-jour.html "Le plus long pont de Madagascar va voir le jour"]. ''La Vérité''. Retrieved 2 September 2024.</ref> E tlaa agiwa ke [[China Road and Bridge Corporation.]] <ref>[https://midi-madagasikara.mg/travaux-publics-sept-routes-nationales-et-onze-rues-de-tana-a-rehabiliter/ "Travaux publics : Sept routes nationales et onze rues de Tanà à réhabiliter"]. ''Midi Madagasikara''. Retrieved 2 September 2024.</ref> == Metswedi == 49sb7rz46pkm3b0p4iknuajo2zf0v5l 0 13389 51105 50405 2026-06-19T20:12:19Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|river_name=Mogalakwena|image_name=Mogalakwenarivier, stroomaf in droë seisoen, Magagamatala, b.jpg|caption=Noka e e motlhaba ka mariga, gaufi le Magagamatala kwa bokone jwa [[Limpopo]]|image_map=South Africa relief location map.svg|map_caption=Molomo wa noka ya Mogalakwena|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]|mouth=[[Limpopo River]]}} '''Noka ya Mogalakwena''' (e ka puo ya Afrikaans e bidiwang Mogalakwenarivier) ke nngwe ya metswedi ya metsi e metona kwa [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|kgaolong ya Limpopo]], kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. Ke nngwe ya dinoka tse di tshelang kwa [[Limpopo River|nokeng ya Limpopo]]. == Metswedi ya yone == Noka e, e elela go tswa kwa botlhaba jwa majwe a Waterberg kwa bokonebotlhaba go feta lefelo le le tletseng metsi go nna [[noka ya Nyl]]. Morago ga dikhilomitara di le masome a robabobedi e simolola go konegela kwa bokone leina la yone le bo le fetoga go nna Mogalakwena. E elelela go kgabaganya kgaolo ya Limpopo go fitlhelela e kopana le lotshitshi lo lo kwa mojeng lwa noka ya Limpopo kwa molelwaneng wa [[Aforika Borwa]] le [[Botswana|Botswana.]]<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA1Limpopo.jpg Limpopo WMA 1]</ref> Kgampu ya Mgalakwena e amiwa ke dipula tse di nang mo sebakeng sa dingwaga di le tlhano ka nako eo noka e a bo e omeletse dingwaga di le tlhano, morago dingwaga tse dingwe tse tlhano e nne le metsi a a lekaneng.<ref>[https://hsrc.ac.za/research/output/outputDocuments/3502_Roefs_Mogalakwena_Assessmentofinformation.pdf Mogalakwena municipality: assessment of information]^{[''permanent dead link'']} (PDF) Retrieved 08 June 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 2016, noka e ne e na le metsi a a kwa tlase thata mo banni ba motse wa Bokwidi ba neng ba tshwanelwa ke go epa motlhaba go batla metsi gore loruo lwa bone lo kgone go nwa.<ref>[https://www.news24.com/limpopo-villagers-forced-to-dig-for-water-20160118 "Limpopo villagers forced to dig for water".] ''Mokopane''. news24.com. News24. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 08 June 2026.</ref> Go na le matamo a robabobedi kwa kgampung ya Mogalakwena.<ref>[http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Mogalakwena.aspx Mogalakwena Sub-basin] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120420012244/http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Mogalakwena.aspx# Archived] 2012-04-20 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] Retrieved 08 June 2026</ref> Dikubu tse dintsi tsa noka ya Limpopo di fitlhelwa fa gare ga noka ya Mokolo le ya Mogalakwena.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/state_of_rivers/limpopo/mokolo_06.pdf State of Rivers Report: the Mokolo River] (PDF)</ref> == Dinoka tse e di tshelelang == [[Setshwantsho:Klein-Magalakwenarivier, laatsomer-2021, Limpopo, e.jpg|left|thumb|Noka ya Little Mogalakwena (kgotsa Motse) gaufi le Marken, Limpopo, e mo lotshitshing lo lo mo molemeng wa Mogalakwena]] Kwa borwa jwa noka ya Nyl ke noka ya Mogalakwena, e e itsegeng ka dipoa, tse di itsegeng gape ka leina la makgadikgadi a Nyl. Dipoa tse di sireleditswe bontlha bongwe kwa lefelong la itloso bodutu la Nylsvley Nature Reserve,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130913020720/http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# "Nylsvlei Nature Reserve".] Archived from [http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# the original] on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 08 June 2026</ref> le na le mofuta mongwe o montsi thata kwa [[Aforika Borwa]] wa dinonyane tsa metsi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181006000429/http://www.wrc.org.za/Lists/Knowledge%20Hub%20Items/Attachments/5388/2007_Jan_07_1996b_ABSTRACT.pdf Hydrological and hydraulic modelling of the Nyl River floodplain] (PDF) Retrieved 08 June 2026</ref> Dingwe tsa dinoka tse di tshelang kwa Mogalakwena ke noka ya Mothlakole, noka ya Dorps, Rooisloot (kwa mojeng), Groot Sandsloot (kwa mojeng), Witrivier (kwa mojeng), Sterk (kwa molemeng), Mokamolo (kwa molemeng), Litle Mogalakwena (kwa molemeng), Matlalane (kwa mojeng), Seepabana (kwa mojeng), Ga-Mamoleka (kwa mojeng), Pholotsi le Thwathwe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030747/https://www.dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Other/WMA/1/optimised/LIMPOPO%20REPORT%20PART%20B%20AND%20APPENDICES.pdf Mogalakwena catchment] (PDF)</ref><ref>Walton, Christopher (ed.); O'Hagan, Tim (1984). ''Reader's Digest Atlas of Southern Africa''. Cape Town: Reader's Digest Association South Africa. pp. 190–191, 194. ISBN 0-947-008-02-0 <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[:en:Template:Cite_book|cite book]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>: <code>|first1=</code> has generic name ([[:en:Help:CS1_errors#generic_name|help]])</ref> == Matamo a a mo kgampung == * [[Letamo la Glen Alpine]] * [[Letamo la Doorndraai]], mo nokeng ya Sterk * [[Letamo la Combrink]], kwa nokeng ya Dorps * [[Letamo la Donkerpoort]], kwa nokeng ya Klein Nyl == Merafe == Kgaolo e,e na le magosi a batho bantsho ba Bantu le Basarwa. Matebele a batho ba Langa ke one morafe o motona o o nwang mo nokeng eo, ba salwa morago ke Bapedi ba Puka-Phokela, Lebelo Kgomo le ba Tsonga ba kwa Nkuna. Ba Kattea, ba ba tshwanang le Basarwa, ba ne ba nna mo masimong a a bapileng le Mogalakwena. Ka ngwaga wa 1905, ba ne ba fokotsegile go nna lekgolo fela. == Metswedi == 05d7pa7wl5srfy1ljxm3tdgo0tiuc5w 0 13392 51106 50295 2026-06-19T20:15:27Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Nyl|river_name=Nylrivier|image_name=Nylrivier, stroomop van bruggie, a.jpg|caption=E elelela mo matlapeng|map_caption=Molomo wa noka ya Nyl|image_map=South Africa relief location map.svg|mouth=[[Noka ya Mogalakwena]]|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]|elevation_m=1,200 m|location=Gaufi le Bela-Bela|mouth_elevation=1,060 m}} '''Noka ya Nyl''' ke motswedi wa metsi kwa [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|Limpopo]], kwa [[Aforika Borwa]]. E elelela kwa tlhogong ya [[noka ya Mogalakwena]], kwa e leng borwa jwa yone.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120420012244/http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Mogalakwena.aspx# "Mogalakwena Sub-basin".] Archived from [http://www.limpoporak.com/en/river/sub-basin+summaries/Mogalakwena.aspx# the original] on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2026-06-08</ref> E gaufi le [[Mookgophong]] (Naboomspruit) kwa bokone jwa dikago tsa matlhatlhaganyane tsa Springbok.<ref>[https://www.bgs.ac.uk/sadcreports/rsa1923wagnergeologyofspringbokflats.pdf The Geology of the North-Eastern part of the Springbok Flats and Surrounding Country]</ref> Leina la noka ya Nyl le tlhaga mo lefokong Nile. K a dingwaga tsa 1860, setlhopha sa batsamai ba lotso lwa Dutch ba ba neng ba itsege ka leina la Jerusalemgangers, ba ne ba bona poa e tona e e ikadileng ka noka e kgolo e elela kwa bokone ba akanya gore ba gorogile kwa nokeng ya Nylrivier. Ba ne ba thibelela mo lefelong leo ba tlhama toropo e e neng e bidiwa Nylstroom ka ngwaga wa 1866.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130913020720/http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# "Nylsvlei Nature Reserve".] Archived from [http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# the original] on 2013-09-13. Retrieved 2026-06-08</ref> == Metswedi ya yone == Noka ya Nyl e tshelwa ke dinokana tse dipotlana tse di tshologang go stwa kwa majweng a Waterberg go ya bokone botlhaba. Molatswana o motona o bidiwa Groot Nyl o o nang le metswedi e e yang kwa botlhaba jwa Bela-Bela (Warmbad). Metswedi ya yone e metona ke Olifantspruit le Tobiasspruit. Metswedi e mengwe ke Klein Nyl, Middelfonteinspruit, Hessie-se-Water, De Wet Zyn Loop, Bad se Loop, Andriesspruit, Kotjie se Loop le Dorpspruit.<ref>[https://www.wrc.org.za/Lists/Knowledge%20Hub%20Items/Attachments/5387/2007_Jan_07_1996a_ABSTRACT.pdf Hydrological and hydraulic modelling of the Nyl River floodplain]</ref> Poa ya Nyl e elella metsi go ya ka dipaka e tletse lotlhaka le dimela tse dingwe tsa metsi. E itsege ka leina la Nylsvlei, go tswa mo lefokong la Clei le gantsi le dirisiwang go raya makadiba a a sa kgaleng, ka gore e elelela kwa bokone botlhaba ka bonya. Kwa pele e sokamela kwa bokone. Morago e nna noka ya Mogalakwena pele ga noka ya Dorps e kopana le lotshitshi lo lo kwa mojeng lwa molatswana.<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA1Limpopo.jpg Limpopo WMA 1]</ref> === Matamo a a mo kgampung === [[Setshwantsho:Oorstroomde land langs Nylrivier-boloop, a.jpg|left|thumb|Lefelo le le kwa tlase gaufi le noka le le kgatlhang dinonyane]] Letamo la Donkerpoort ke letamo le le kwa Klein Nyl gaufi le Modimolle, kwa e neng e le Nylstroom pele. Molatswana o o tlaelesegile ka go tshwara ditlhapi kwa go one.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.places.co.za/html/nylstroom.html |title=SA Places - Modimolle |access-date=2026-06-08 |archive-date=2021-05-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507183017/https://www.places.co.za/html/nylstroom.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tikologo == Poa ya Nyl, e e itsegeng gape ka leina la makgadikgadi a Nyl ke lefelo le le bokgola ka dipaka tse di farologaneng, ka kgampu ya Mogalakwena e amiwa ke go na ga pula ga dingwaga tse tlhano mo go bakang gore noka e omelele sebaka sa dingwaga di le tlhano mme e elele metsi mo sebakeng se sengwe sa dingwaga tse tlhano.<ref>[https://hsrc.ac.za/research/output/outputDocuments/3502_Roefs_Mogalakwena_Assessmentofinformation.pdf Mogalakwena municipality: assessment of information]^{[''permanent dead link'']}</ref> Ke nngwe ya mafratlhatlha a matona thata kwa Aforika Borwa a a nnang dinonyane tsa metsi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wrc.org.za/Lists/Knowledge%20Hub%20Items/Attachments/5388/2007_Jan_07_1996b_ABSTRACT.pdf |title=Hydrological and hydraulic modelling of the Nyl River floodplain |access-date=2026-06-08 |archive-date=2018-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006000429/http://www.wrc.org.za/Lists/Knowledge%20Hub%20Items/Attachments/5388/2007_Jan_07_1996b_ABSTRACT.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Poa e, jaanong ke lefelo la itloso bodutu la Nylsvley Nature Reserve<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130913020720/http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# Nylsvlei Nature Reserve]". Archived from [http://www.limpoposouth.co.za/P20050520145545229.htm# the original] on 2013-09-13. Retrieved 2026-06-08</ref>, e le lefelo le le bokgola la botlhokwa mo mafatsheng ka bophara. == Metswedi == kzbavdoaep35pkv7zctwvfkla8me0ie 0 13430 51100 50357 2026-06-19T20:00:32Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51100 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Kei River Mouth Ferry.jpg|thumb|Noka e tona ya Kei]] Noka e tona ya Kei ke noka mo porofenseng ya Kapa Botlhaba ya Afrika Borwa. E bopilwe ke go kopana ga noka ya Black Kei le White Kei, kwa bokonebotlhaba jwa Cathcart. E elela sebaka sa dikhilometara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi (199 mi) <ref>[http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/greatkei.html SA Estuarine Land-cover: Great Kei Catchment] [https://web.archive.org/web/20041227041011/http://www.environment.gov.za/soer/estuary/catch/greatkei.html Archived] 2004-12-27 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]</ref>mme e felela kwa Great Kei Estuary kwa [[Indian Ocean]] le toropo e nnye ya Kei Mouth kwa lobopong lwa bophirima. Go ya ka ditso tsa Noka e tona ya Kei e ne e bopa molelwane wa borwabophirima jwa kgaolo ya Transkei jaaka e ne e itsege pele jaaka Noka ya Nciba. == Tsela == [[Setshwantsho:Map on wall at Kei Mouth.jpg|thumb|Moalo wa Noka e tona ya Kei mo leboteng]] Noka e tona ya Kei ke noka e e itsoketsang mme e bopiwa ke go kopana ga Noka ya Black Kei le Noka ya White Kei kwa Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality, bokone-botlhaba jwa Cathcart le borwa-botlhaba jwa Queenstown. Noka e tona ya Kei e elela go tswa kwa e kopanang teng le Noka e Ntsho le Noka e Tshweu ya Kei mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mabedi le botlhano go ya kwa borwabotlhaba go ya kwa Lewatleng la India. E felela kwa molomong wa noka ya Great Kei kwa Kei Mouth, e leng toropo e e fa lotshitshing lwa lewatle. Noka e telele go di feta tsotlhe ke Tsomo kwa bokone. Leina la yone le simologile ka ngwaga wa 1752 mme le theilwe mo lefokong la Se-Khoisan le le rayang noka le le rayang 'moshawa'. Noka e tona ya Kei pele e ne e bopa molelwane wa borwabophirima wa kgaolo ya Transkei o o ka fitlhelelwang ka 'Pont', e le nngwe ya dikepe tse pedi fela tse di rwalang dikoloi mo Afrika Borwa. <ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20180215024108/https://www.keimouth.co.za/activities/great-kei-river/ The Great Kei River"]. ''www.keimouth.co.za''. Archived from [https://www.keimouth.co.za/activities/great-kei-river/ the original] on 15 February 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.</ref>Borogo jono bo setse bo dirisiwa mme bakgweetsi ba dikoloi gantsi ba tsewa ka mokoro go tswa mo lotshitshing lo lo kafa borwabophirima go ya kwa lotshitshing lo lo kafa bokonebotlhaba go ya kwa [[Wild Coast.]] == Seemo sa Bosa == Metsi a a tswang mo nokeng ya Great Kei go ya kwa borwa jwa [[Mozambique]] a tsewa e le a a tswang kwa mafelong a boboatsatsi. Ditsamaiso tseno di na le metsi a a bothitho a a fetang didikirii tsa Celsius di le lesome le borataro. Seno se dira gore seemo sa bosa se nne se se bothitho le e e bongola mo e ka nnang ngwaga otlhe. Dipaka tse di kwa tlase tsa dithemperetšha tsa mariga di farologana go tswa go ko go lesome le bobedi go ya go lesome le bone mme lefelo leno le amogela pula ngwaga otlhe. <ref>Harrison, T. D. (9 April 2002). [https://connectsci.au/mf/article/53/2/479/58814/Preliminary-assessment-of-the-biogeography-of "Preliminary assessment of the biogeography of fishes in South African estuaries".] ''Marine and Freshwater Research''. '''53''' (2): 479–490. doi:[[doi:10.1071/MF01121|10.1071/MF01121.]] ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1323-1650 1323-1650.]</ref> == Tikologo == Dikarolo tse di kwa teng tsa Noka e tona ya Kei di elela go ralala dikgwa tsa kwa Albany le dikgwa tsa kwa sekgweng, di felela mo dikgweng tsa kwa lotshitshing lwa India kwa molomong wa yone. Molomo wa noka ya Kei o na le dikgwa tsa mangrove tse di leng kwa borwa jwa Afrika Borwa. Dikgwa tsa sekgwa di fitlhelwa kwa bokone jwa noka ya Mngazana, mme mafelo a letswai a fitlhelwa kwa borwa jwa noka ya Great Kei. Noka ya Great Kei e na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditlhapi. Le fa go ntse jalo, mefuta mengwe ya ditshedi e e jaaka South African Cob le White steenbras e mo kotsing e kgolo ya go nyelela. Go na le mefuta e le mentsi ya dinonyane tse di nnang gaufi le lotshitshi mo lefelong leno, tse di jaaka [[di-oystercatcher tsa Afrika,]] di-sandpiper le di-kingfisher. == Borogo Jwa Seporo == Maiteko a go aga borogo jo bo kgabaganyang noka ya Kei a simolotse ka ngwaga wa sekege makgolo a robabobedi le masome a supa le bosupa fa didirisiwa tsa go aga di ne di romelwa kwa Lontone Botlhaba go tswa kwa Boritane ka dikolotsana tsa dikgomo le seporo. Tiro ya go aga borogo e ne ya kgorelediwa makgetlo a le mantsi ka ntlha ya dikgotlhang mo kgaolong eo go akaretsa Ntwa ya borobabongwe ya Molelwane koo Newey le setlhopha sa gagwe ba neng ba patelesega go boela kwa Royal Hotel kwa Komga fa batlhabani ba Gcaleka ba ne ba simolola go kgabaganya noka ya Kei go ya ntweng. Masole a le mmalwa a Boritane a ne a bolawa ke batlhabani ba Ba-Xhosa kwa Moordenaarskop (Murderers - Hill), e leng thabana e e gaufi le borogo jwa bogologolo. Go tloga ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa go ya ko go wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le lesome le bosupa go ne ga agiwa seporo mo borogong jwa logong jo bo neng bo le kwa tlase ga noka ya Great Kei. Borogo jwa logong bo ne jwa senngwa ke morwalela mme seporo sa terena se ne sa fudusediwa kwa borogong jo bosha jo bo bapileng le jone. Borogo jono bo ne jwa tlhatlhamololwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le borataro mme jwa agiwa gape ka ngwaga wa sekete makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le bosupa. Go tsere dingwaga di le pedi le sephatlo go fetsa go aga borogo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250209110557/https://artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/bldgframes.php?bldgid=10477 "Rail Bridge over the Great Kei River details".] ''www.artefacts.co.za''. Retrieved 15 January 2018.</ref> Kwa bokhutlong jwa dikgotlhang, borogo bo ne jwa wediwa mme bo santse bo dirisiwa ke batho ba selegae le balemirui. <ref>[https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsec/kei-cuttings.php "Kei Cuttings in Butterworth, Eastern Cape"]. ''www.sa-venues.com''. Retrieved 15 January 2018.</ref>The Great Kei Bridge e gaufi le Kei Bridge mme e mo Mmasepaleng wa Kgaolo ya Amathole. Borogo jo Bogolo jwa Kei bo boleele jwa dikilometara di le 0.46.<ref>[http://za.geoview.info/great_kei_bridge,31141865w "Great Kei Bridge, Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa".] ''za.geoview.info''. Retrieved 15 January 2018.</ref> == Matamo a a mo lekadibeng la Great Kei == [[Letamo la Xonxa]] mo Nokeng ya White Kei (Noka ya Wit-Kei). [[Letamo la Wriggleswade]] mo Nokeng ya Kubusi [[Letamo la Bongolo,]] mo Nokeng ya Komani, e e leng mosele wa Noka ya [[Klaas Smits]], e e leng mosele wa Noka ya Black Kei Borogo jo Bogologolo jo bo fa Nokeng e Kgolo ya Kei == Kgogometso e Kgolo ya Kei == [[Setshwantsho:Old road bridge on Great Kei River.jpg|thumb|Borogo jo Bogologolo jo bo fa Nokeng e tona ya Kei]] Tsela ya N2 e ralala Komga le Butterworth mo lefelong le le itsegeng jaaka Great Kei Pass kgotsa Kei Cuttings. E itsege ka go nna teng ga dikotsi tse dintsi ka ntlha ya mouwane le dikgomo tse di kgarakgatshegang. Karolo eno ya N2 e kgabaganya Noka e tona ya Kei. Kei Cuttings e mo teng ga naga go tswa kwa [[Kei Mouth, Morgans Bay]] le Chintsa West.<ref>[https://www.sa-venues.com/attractionsec/kei-cuttings.php "Kei Cuttings in Butterworth, Eastern Cape"]. ''www.sa-venues.com''. Retrieved 16 January 2018.</ref> == Metswedi == 98tywjrdi6liinkging6vy91fc8phk4 0 13485 51102 50624 2026-06-19T20:06:16Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51102 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Kuiseb Namibia anagoria.JPG|thumb|Noka ya Kuiseb ka nako tsa dipula]] Noka ya Kuiseb ke noka ya nakwana e e kwa bophirima-bogare jwa [[Namibia]]. Motswedi wa yone o kwa Khomas Highland kwa bophirima jwa [[Windhoek.]] Go tswa foo e elela go ya kwa bophirima go ralala Namib-Naukluft National Park le sekaka sa Namib go ya kwa [[Walvis Bay]]. Metse e le mmalwa ya batho ba Topnaar e mo dintshing tsa noka ya Kuiseb e e kwa tlase, jaaka Homeb, [[Sandfontein,]] Rooibank, le Utuseb. <ref>[[:en:Kuiseb_River#CITEREFMalan1998|Malan 1998]], p. 120–125.</ref><ref>[[:en:Kuiseb_River#CITEREFMoritz1997|Moritz 1997,]] pp. 4–5.</ref> Dinoka tse di tsenang mo nokeng ya Kuiseb ke Gomab, Ojab, Chausib, Gaub, Koam, Nausgomab le Goagos. <ref name=":0">Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''[http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia]'' (PDF 8.7MB). [[:en:Windhoek|Windhoek:]] Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. pp. 140–141. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/9991670947|<bdi>9991670947</bdi>.]]</ref> Lefelo le go elelang metsi la noka ya Kuiseb (go akaretsa le dinoka tse di e tsenang) go lekanyetswa gore le magareng ga 15,500[3] le 16,692 km2 (6,445 sq mi).<ref>Strohbach, B.J. (2008)[http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf . "Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia"] (PDF 1.0MB). ''Agricola''. '''2008''': 63–73. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9780353358164|9780353358164]]</bdi>. ISSN 1015-2334. OCLC [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/940637734 940637734.]</ref>E na le palogare ya go elela ga metsi e e ka nnang 20 million cubic metres ka ngwaga (710×106 cu ft/a).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120316095900/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=14109 "ELECTIONS 2010: Erongo regional profile".] [[:en:New_Era_(Namibia)|New Era.]] 16 November 2010.</ref>[[Letamo la Friedenau]], le le agilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bobedi, le mo nokeng.<ref>[http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/friedenau.html Friedenau] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081121140523/http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/friedenau.html Archived] 2008-11-21 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]] at NamWater</ref>Ka kgwedi ya Herikgong ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le botlhano, e ne e le la ntlha morago ga dingwaga di le dintsi, noka ya Kuiseb e elela go ya kwa lewatleng. Fa gare ga Naukluft le Namib, Kuiseb e ne ya dira molapo mo lefelong le le omeletseng le le sa fitlhelegeng. Ka nako ya Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, lefelo le le dikologileng Kuiseb Canyon le ne la nna lefelo la botshabelo la ga [[Henno Martin]] le Hermann Korn ba ba neng ba fudugela koo go letela ntwa gore e fele.<ref>Martin, Henno (2006). ''The Sheltering Desert''. Hamburg: Two Books. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/9783935453035|<bdi>9783935453035</bdi>.]]</ref>Morago ga moo go ne ga gatisiwa dibuka tse pedi le baesekopo e e buang ka dingwaga tse pedi tse ba neng ba nna koo ka tsone; o ka kgona go etela matlotla a lefelo la bone la bonno. Mo tseleng ya yone e e ralalang Namib, Kuiseb e dikologilwe ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe ke dithabana tsa motlhaba tse di kwa godimo go gaisa mo lefatsheng, mme ka fa go le lengwe ke lentswe le le omeletseng.<ref name=":0" /> Dithota tsa motlhaba o mohibidu tse di kwa borwa jwa noka di fitlha bogodimo jwa dimetara di feta lekgolo le masome a matlhano. Diphefo tse di maatla di fokisa dithotana tseno tsa matlapa go ya kwa bokone, mme di thibelwa ke noka. Mo tiragalong e, motlhaba le seretse se se ntsi di bewa mo Kuiseb gore di fitlhe fela kwa lewatleng fa di le mo merwaleleng. <ref>Morin, Efrat; Grodek, Tamir; Dahan, Ofer; Benito, Gerardo; Kulls, Christoph; Jacoby, Yael; Langenhove, Guido Van; Seely, Mary; Enzel, Yehouda (April 2009). "Flood routing and alluvial aquifer recharge along the ephemeral arid Kuiseb River, Namibia". ''Journal of Hydrology''. '''368''' (1–4): 262–275. doi:[[doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.015|10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.015]]. ISSN [[0022-1694.]]</ref> Ka ngwag wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le bosupa , kgaolo e e fa gare ga [[Noka ya Swakop]] le Noka ya Kuiseb e ne ya tlhophiwa ke puso ya kolone ya Jeremane gore e nne lefelo le go sireleditsweng diphologolo tsa naga mo go lone. Gone jaanong lefelo leno ke karolo ya [[Namib-Naukluft National Park]]. The Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN) e kwa Gobabeb mo dintshing tsa noka.<ref>[https://www.namibweb.com/drfn.htm "Desert Research Foundation of Namibia".] namibweb.com. Retrieved 3 October 2019.</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Kuiseb River Nears the Ocean.jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa noka ya Kuiseb se se tserweng ka sathalaete.]] == Metswedi == jo2pxj6tjy52264mf1muo5ynlfbw7fs 0 13493 51109 50628 2026-06-19T20:19:44Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51109 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:RusiziRiver.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Ruzizi]] '''Noka ya Ruzizi''' (e gape e bidiwang Rusizi, French; Rivière Ruzizi; Dutch: Ruzizi Rivier) ke noka ya boleele jwa dikilometara di le lekgolo le lesome le bosupa (117) <ref>Felton, Anna A.; Russell, James M.; Cohen, Andrew S.; Baker, Mark E.; Chesley, John T.; Lezzar, Kiram E.; McGlue, Michael M.; Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Quade, Jay; Curt Stager, J.; Tiercelin, Jean Jacques (2007). "Paleolimnological Evidence for the Onset and Termination of Glacial Aridity from Lake Tanganyika, Tropical East Africa". ''Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology''. '''252''' (3–4): 405. Bibcode:2007PPP...252..405F. doi:[[doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.003|10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.04.003.]]</ref>e e elelang go tswa kwa Letsheng la Kivu go ya kwa Letsheng la Tanganyika kwa Bogare jwa Afrika, e e fologang go tswa go dimetara di le sekete le makgolo a matlhano (1 500) go ya go dimetara di le 770 kwa godimo ga boalo jwa lewatle ka boleele jwa yone.<ref>Derived from geolocation with [[:en:Google_Earth|Google Earth.]]</ref><ref name=":0">[https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&spn=0.1,0.1&t=m&q=-3.364167,29.267778 "Google Maps"]. Google Maps. 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.</ref>Diphetogo tse di kwa godimo thata di diragala mo dikilometareng tse masome a mane (40) tsa ntlha (25 mi), kwa go agilweng matamo a motlakase wa metsi teng.<ref>Lamers, Alfred (1990). [https://archive.today/20130419045316/http://www.greenstone.org/greenstone3/nzdl?a=d&c=edudev&d=HASH71e2a38183455b196e1b94.7.3&sib=1&p.a=b&p.sa=&p.s=ClassifierBrowse&p.c=edudev "Ruzizi II - A Fine Example of Regional Cooperation".] Human Info NGO Library for Education and Development. Retrieved 14 January 2013+</ref>Kwa tlase ga noka, Ruzizi Plain, kwa tlase ga Western Rift Valley, e na le dithota tse di bonolo,<ref name=":1">[http://ramsar.wetlands.org/Portals/15/BURUNDI.pdf "Burundi Wetlands"] (PDF). Ramsar. pp. 2–4. Retrieved 14 January 2013</ref> mme noka e elela mo Letsha la Tanganyika ka delta, ka kanale e le nngwe kgotsa tse pedi tse dinnye tse di kgaoganang le kanale e kgolo.<ref name=":0" /> Noka ya Ruzizi ke noka e nnye, e e neng ya bopega mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le dikete tse lesome (10 000) tse di fetileng fa go thunya ga lekgwamolelo go go neng go amana le go phatloga ga dikontinente go ne go bopa Dithaba tsa Virunga. Dithaba di ne tsa kganela letsha la Kivu gore le se ka la tswela kwa nokeng ya Nile mme go na le moo, le ne la dira gore letsha leno le elele kwa borwa go ela kwa Ruzizi le kwa nokeng ya Congo. == Tsela == Noka ya Ruzizi e elela mo Letsha la Tanganyika Noka eno e dira karolo ya molelwane magareng ga Rwanda kwa botlhaba le Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) kwa bophirima.<ref name=":0" />Kwa tlase ga noka, e bopa karolo ya molelwane magareng ga DRC le Burundi, mme karolo ya yone e e kwa tlase e mo teng ga Burundi.<ref name=":0" />Kwa bophirima, dithaba tsa Fizi Baraka di kwa godimo ga noka.<ref>Doyle, Mark (25 November 2004). [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4036605.stm "Retracing Che Guevara's Congo Footsteps".] ''BBC News''. Retrieved 14 January 2013</ref> Borogo jwa Concord, borogo jo boleele go gaisa mo Burundi, bo kgabaganya noka gaufi le molomo wa yone. <ref>Murison, Katharine (ed.). ''Africa South of the Sahara'' (32nd ed.). Europa Publications. p. 147. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-131-5|<bdi>978-1-85743-131-5</bdi>.]]</ref>Dinoka tsa Ruzizi di akaretsa Nyamagana, Muhira, Kaburantwa, Kagunuzi, Rubyiro le Ruhwa, gareng ga tse dingwe.<ref>[http://mapper.acme.com/?ll=-3.364167,29.267778&z=12&t=R&marker0=-3.364167,29.267778,Ruzizi%20River "Acme Mapper (terrain)".] Acme Labs. Retrieved 14 January 2013.</ref> Noka ya Ruzizi, e e elelang kwa borwa go tsena mo Letsheng la Tanganyika, ke karolo ya karolo e e kwa godimo ya Noka ya Congo. Babatlisisi ba lekgolo la bo19 la dingwaga ba kwa Boritane ba ba jaaka Richard Francis Burton le John Hanning Speke, ba ba neng ba sa tlhomamisege gore Ruzizi e elela kae, ba ne ba akanya gore e ka tswa e elela kwa bokone go tswa mo letsheng go ya kwa White Nile. Patlisiso ya bone le dipatlisiso tse di neng tsa dirwa morago ga moo ke David Livingstone le Henry Morton Stanley di ne tsa supa gore go ne go sa nna jalo. Noka ya Ruzizi e elela mo Letsheng la Tanganyika, le le elelang mo Nokeng ya Lukuga e e ka nnang dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi (120) (75 mi) kwa borwa jwa Ujiji. Noka ya Lukuga e elela go ya kwa bophirima go ya kwa Nokaneng ya Lualaba, e e leng nngwe ya dinoka tse dikgolo tse di elelang go tswa kwa Congo.<ref>Ondaatje, Christoper (1998). [[iarchive:journeytosourceo00onda/page/166|''Journey to the Source of the Nile''.]] Toronto: Harper Collins. p. 166. ISBN <bdi>978-0-00-200019-2</bdi>.</ref> == Thutafatshe == Go phatloga ga matlapa a lefatshe ka iketlo go dirile gore go nne le lekgwamolelo la Afrika Botlhaba le makhubu a lone a mantsi le matsha. Thulaganyo eno e e mo molelwaneng wa Plate ya Afrika (Plate ya Nubia) le Plate ya Somalia, e na le makala a mabedi, a a lebaganeng le bokone le borwa. Go kgaogana ga karolo ya bophirima, e e bidiwang Albertine Rift, go simolotse magareng ga dingwaga di le dimilione di le masome a mabedi le botlhano (25) le di le lesome (10) tse di fetileng.<ref name=":2">Danley, Patrick D.; Husemann, Martin; Ding, Baoqing; Dipietro, Lyndsay M.; Beverly, Emily J.; Peppe, Daniel J.; et al. (2012). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3408716 "The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids".] ''International Journal of Evolutionary Biology''. '''2012''': 1–20. doi:10.1155/2012/574851. PMC 3408716. <nowiki>PMID 22888465</nowiki>.</ref>Noka ya Ruzizi e elela go bapa le kgaogano ya bophirima, e e akaretsang, go tswa kwa bokone go ya kwa borwa, matsha a Albert, George, Edward, Kivu, Tanganyika, Rukwa, Malawi, le a mangwe.<ref name=":2" /> Go tlhatloga ga metsi go go amanang le go phatloga ga metsi go ne ga fetola dikgolagano tsa metsi a a mo kgaolong eo. Mo e ka nnang dingwaga di le dikete le tse lesome le boraro (13 000) go ya go di le dikete tse ferangbongwe ( 9 000) tse di fetileng, go thunya ga lekgwamolelo go ne ga thibela letsha la Kivu go tswa mo metsing a Noka ya Nile.<ref name=":2" /> Go thunya ga lekgwamolelo go ne ga dira gore go nne le dithaba, go akaretsa le Virunga, tse di neng tsa tlhatloga fa gare ga Letsha la Kivu le Letsha la Edward, kwa bokone.<ref>Clark, J. D. (1969). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_r08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA35 Kalambo Falls Prehistoric Site, Volume] 1''. London: Cambridge University Press. p. 34. Retrieved 16 January 2013.</ref>Metsi a a tswang kwa Letsheng la Kivu a ne a patelediwa go ya kwa borwa kwa tlase ga Ruzizi.<ref name=":2" />Seno se ne sa dira gore metsi a [[Letsha la Tanganyika]] a tlhatlogele kwa godimo, mme a ne a tshologela kwa Nokeng ya Lukuga.<ref name=":2" />Diphetogo tsa go tlhatloga le tlelaemete di dirile gore Ruzizi le Lukuga di bulege le go tswala makgetlo a le mantsi fa e sale ka nako eo.<ref name=":2" /> == Motlakase wa Metsi == Seteišene sa Motlakase sa Ruzizi I se ne sa agiwa fa Noka ya Ruzizi e tswa mo Letsha la Kivu ka ngwaga wa 1958. Seteishene sa Motlakase sa Ruzizi II se ne sa okediwa ka ngwaga wa 1989.<ref name=":3">[http://www.waterpowermagazine.com/storyprint.asp?sc=2060823 "Sizing Up African Hydro"]. ''Water Power''. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2013</ref>Ruzizi I le II di tsamaisiwa ke khampani ya merafe e meraro (Burundi, Rwanda le Democratic Republic of Congo) e e leng ya Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries. Kopano e rulaganyetsa go aga matamo a mangwe a mabedi, Ruzizi III le Ruzizi IV.<ref name=":3" /> Ruzizi I e na le maatla a go tlhagisa motlakase wa dimekawate di ka nna masome a mararo (30) (MW) mme Ruzizi II yone e na le maatla a go tlhagisa motlakase wa dimekawate di ka nna masome a mane le bone (44). Ruzizi III, e e tla agiwang kwa tlase ga tse dingwe tse pedi, e solofetswe go nna le bokgoni jwa lekgolo le masome a mane le botlhano (145 MW) fa e simolola go dira mo e ka nnang ka ngwaga wa 2027. Jaaka karolo ya porojeke ya Ruzizi III, Ruzizi I le II di tlile go tlhabololwa. Fa e ka feleletsa e agilwe, Ruzizi IV e tla bewa magareng ga Ruzizi II le Ruzizi III mme e rulaganyeditswe go dira ka go feta makgolo a mabedi (200 MW).<ref name=":3" />Ka kgwedi ya Ferikgong e le lesome le borataro (16) ka ngwaga wa 2020, African Development Bank e ne ya aba €8 million go thusa mo porojekeng ya motlakase wa metsi ya Ruzizi IV.<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200116145857/https://www.afrik21.africa/en/east-africa-afdb-grants-e8-million-for-the-ruzizi-iv-hydropower-project/ "EAST AFRICA: AfDB grants €8 million for the Ruzizi IV hydropower project".] ''Afrik 21''. 2020-01-16. Retrieved 2020-01-16</ref> Go solofetswe go tlamela ka makgolo a mabedi le masome a ferangbobedi le bosupa (287 MW )kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda le Burundi. <ref name=":4" /> == Diphologolo le dimela == Merwalela ya lotlhaka e tlwaelegile go bapa le karolo e e kwa tlase ya noka le melatswana ya yone. Gaufi le molomo wa noka, mafelo a a nang le dintshi tsa noka a bophara jwa dikilometara di le 3 (1.9 mi). Bogolo jwa mafelo a a nang le ditlhatshana kwa Burundi bo lekanyeditswe go nna diheketara di le dikete tse lesome le bobedi (12 000) (diheketara di le 30 000) ka matlhaka a a farologaneng ka bogodimo go tloga go dimetara di le bobedi (2 )go ya go di le nne (4) (6,6 go ya go 13,1 ft), go ikaegile ka selekanyo sa go khurumediwa ga metsi. Baagi ba dirisa matlhaka ano go dira bojang le dilo tse dingwe tsa mo gae. Go tswa kwa nokeng, karolo e kgolo ya mokgatšha wa noka e e kwa tlase e na le bojang, bo jewa thata ke dikgomo<ref name=":1" />. Kwena e e itsegeng thata e e jang batho e e bidiwang Gustave, e nna mo dintshing tsa Noka ya Ruzizi le mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa bokone jwa Letsha la Tanganyika. Gustave, yo go fopholediwang gore o boleele jwa dimetara di le 6 le bokete jwa dikilogerama di le lmakgolo a ferangbongwe (900), go bolelwa fa a bolaile le go ja batho ba le bantsi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080805194947/http://adventure.nationalgeographic.com/2008/02/gustave-update/michael-mcrae-text McRae, Michael. "Gustave the Croc Surfaces to Strike Again".] ''National Geographic'' (February 2008). Archived from the original on August 5, 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2013</ref>Mo filiming e e buang ka Gustave ("Capturing the Killer Croc"), sebui se bolela gore "Ka bo1950, dinare, ditlou le di- warthogs di ne di nna mo dipoeng; mme di ne tsa nyelediwa ka iketlo ke motho. Phologolo e le nngwe fela e e neng ya falola mo go tse dingwe tse dikgolo e ne e le phologolo ya naga. Mme di tshela le dikwena tsa Nile mo nokeng eno, di tshela mmogo ka tsela e e sa itumediseng". == Metswedi == 6hmi042v792avyaoc493fnsmduxlc4q 0 13510 51108 50467 2026-06-19T20:19:06Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Ruvu''' ke noka e e kwa botlhaba jwa Tanzania. [[Setshwantsho:Ruvu River Basin.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Ruvu e e kwa tlase le molomo wa yone, mme toropo ya Bagamoyo e kafa mojeng.]] Noka ya Ruvu e simologa kwa borwa jwa Dithaba tsa Uluguru mme e elela go ya ntlheng ya botlhaba go tsena mo Lewatleng la India gaufi le Bagamoyo. Noka ya yone e kgolo ke Noka ya Ngerengere, e e simololang kwa Ulugurus e e kwa bokone mme e elela go ralala toropo ya Morogoro pele e kopana le ya Ruvu. Noka ya Ruvu e na le metsi a a ka nnang 11,789 km2,<ref>Alphayo, Stephano M. and M. P. Sharma (2018). "Water Quality Assessment of Ruvu River in Tanzania Using NSFWQI". ''Journal of Scientific Research & Reports'', 20(3): 1-9, 2018; Article no.JSRR.44324 ISSN: 2320-0227. Published 08 October 2018.</ref> e e akaretsang dikarolo tsa dikgaolo tsa Morogoro le Pwani. Lefelo la noka ya Wami le kwa bokone le kwa bophirima, mme lefelo la noka ya Rufiji le kwa borwa. Noka ya Ruvu ke motswedi o o botlhokwa wa metsi mo malapeng, mo dipolasing tse di nosediwang le mo madirelong a a mo mafelong a a bapileng le noka eno. Gape ke motswedi o mogolo wa metsi a Dar es Salaam, toropo e kgolo go gaisa kwa Tanzania, e e leng kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa botlhaba jwa lefelo la go gelela metsi la Ruvu. <ref>"Managing water for Dar es Salaam". ''UN Habitat''. Accessed 30 September 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220502052419/https://mirror.unhabitat.org/content.asp?cid=3221&catid=237&typeid=13 <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>]</ref> E na le maemo a a oketsegang a kgotlelo go tswa mo go ntshiweng ga metsi a a leswe a a tswang mo malapeng a a sa phepafadiwang le a a tswang mo madirelong a a sa phepafadiwang mo nokeng.<ref>Alphayo, Stephano M. and M. P. Sharma (2018). "Water Quality Assessment of Ruvu River in Tanzania Using NSFWQI". ''Journal of Scientific Research & Reports'', 20(3): 1-9, 2018; Article no.JSRR.44324 ISSN: 2320-0227. Published 08 October 2018.</ref> == Metswedi == 67s5f4igtzrlxq73k07zx8ue4nvg9fe 0 13551 51110 50511 2026-06-19T20:21:07Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51110 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sebou River.svg|thumb|Noka ya Sebou]] '''Sebou''' (Berber: Asif en Sbu, Arabic: سبو) ke noka kwa bokone jwa Morocco. Kwa motsweding wa yone kwa dithabeng tsa Middle Atlas e itsege jaaka Noka ya Guigou (Berber: Asif n Gigu).<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/531260/Sebou-River "Sebou River"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved 2 December 2012.</ref>Noka e boleele jwa dikilometara di le makgolo a mane le masome a ferangbongwe le borataro (496) mme e na le palogare ya metsi a a elelang ka lekgolo le masome a mararo le bosupa (137 m3/s), e leng se se dirang gore e nne noka e kgolo go di gaisa tsotlhe mo Afrika Bokone. E feta gaufi le Fes, e leng toropo ya bobedi e kgolo go di feta tsotlhe kwa Morocco, e bo e tshologela mo Lewatleng la Atlantic kwa Mehdya. Sebou e kgona go tsamaya ka dikepe mo sekgaleng sa dikilometara di le lesome le borataro (16) fela go fitlha kwa toropong ya Kenitra, e e nang le boemakepe jwa noka fela kwa Morocco. Dinoka tsa yone tse di botlhokwa ke Noka ya Ouergha, Noka ya Baht le Noka ya Inaouen. Noka eno e thusa go nosetsa mo kgaolong e e nonneng thata ya Morocco: Gharb. == Ditso == Sebou e ne e itsiwe mo metlheng ya bogologolo e le Sububus. Pliny the Elder a re e ne e le "magnificus et navigabilis" (kgolo e bile e kgona go tsamaya ka dikepe), e e neng e elela gaufi le ditoropo tsa Banasa (gaufi le toropo ya Mechra Bel Ksiri) le Thamusida.<ref>Pliny the Elder. ''[https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/5*.html Natural History, book V]'' (in Latin). Retrieved 6 January 2019.</ref><ref>''[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL352.221.xml Natural History,] book V, translated''</ref> Ga go na tshedimosetso e e kalo ya hisitori e e bontshang gore Sebou e ne e dirisiwa go tsamaisa dikepe morago ga gore Baiselamo ba fenye; le fa go ntse jalo, molomo wa noka eno e ne e le boemakepe jo bo botlhokwa le lefelo la go dira dikepe mo motlheng wa Ba-Almohad. Ka ngwaga wa 1669 go ya ko ngwageng wa 1670, molaodi wa Alaouite Moulay Rashid o ne a aga borogo mo godimo ga noka gaufi le Fes jo bo bolokilweng gompieno.<ref>Gaudio, Attilio (1982). ''Fès: Joyau de la civilisation islamique''. Paris: Les Presse de l'UNESCO: Nouvelles Éditions Latines. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/2723301591|<bdi>2723301591</bdi>.]]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200728205316/http://www.idpc.ma/view/pc_architecture/sanae:380013 "Pont Oued Sebou"]. ''Inventaire et Documentation du Patrimoine Culturel du Maroc'' (in French). Retrieved 28 July 2020</ref><ref>[[:en:Sebou_River#cite_note-6|''Le Maroc de 1631 à 1812: extrait de l'ouvrage intitulé "Ettordjemân elmoʿarib ʿan douel elmachriq ou ʿlMaghrib de Aboulqâsem Ben Ahmed Ezziani''.]] Translated by Houdas, Octave Victor. École des langues orientales vivantes. 1886. p. 21.</ref> Mo nakong ya pele ga bokoloniale, Sebou e ne e itsege ka moriti wa yone wa Twait o o neng o tseelwa kwa godimo ke batho ba Fez, mme ka ntlha ya kgotlelo moriti o ne wa nyelela mo Sebou. Mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa puso ya Fora ya go sireletsa naga eno, setlhopha sengwe sa batsamai se ne sa tsamaya ka sekepe se sennye sa Le Dantec go tswa kwa Sidi Ali Ben Sliman go ya kwa motseng wa Fez. == Dikgang tsa tikologo == Go na le dilo tse di kgotlelang metsi di le dintsi tse di tsenang mo Nokeng ya Sebou, segolobogolo dibolayaditshenekegi le menontsha e e tswang mo metsweding ya temothuo le metsi a a leswe a a tswang mo ditoropong tse di bapileng le noka.<ref>[[:en:Sebou_River#cite_note-8|Thieme, Michele & Abell, Robin & Stiassny, Melanie & Skelton, Paul. (2005). ''Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment''. Bibliovault OAI Repository]], the University of Chicago Press. 1–431</ref> == Metswedi == 1r9k978jwzzpnus76v62odh95q8oyqo 0 13581 51107 50605 2026-06-19T20:17:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Opa''' ke noka e kgolo kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria, e elela go ralala toropo ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. Ke noka e e tsenang mo nokeng ya Shasha mme e na le seabe se segolo mo go tsa metsi mo kgaolong eno.<ref>Adedeji, Adebukola A; Adesakin, Taiwo A; Bolawa, Oluseun P (2020). "Assessment of the Ecological Status of OPA Reservoir, ILE IFE, Nigeria Based on a Comparative Study of its Planktonic Community and Water Quality Parameters". ''Open Academic Journal of Advanced Science and Technology''. '''4''': 1–14. doi:[[doi:10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14|10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14.]] S2CID 216119337.</ref> == Thutafatshe le thutafatshe == Noka ya Opa e kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria, e elela go ralala toropo ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. E boleele jwa dikilometara di ka nna 40, e simologile kwa dithabeng tsa Ile-Ife.<ref>[[:en:Opa_River#cite_note-2|"River Opa"]]</ref>Lefelo le noka eno e leng mo go lone mo kgaolong ya boboatsatsi le ama tsela e metsi a yone a dirang ka yone. Go ya ka thutafatshe, kgaolo ya noka ya Opa e na le matlapa a a kwa tlase a a bopegileng ka dikristale, a a akaretsang granite, gneiss le schist.<ref>Ola, Anuoluwapo Victoria; Mr. Jimi Faseke (2016). [https://ttl.run.edu.ng/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=31562 ''The history of Ipetumodu from pre-colonial period to 2015''.] Ipetumodu History, Pre-colonial period, Social- Cultura Era (History and International Studies ed.). Humanities: History and International Studies</ref>Lefelo leno le le raraaneng la thutafatshe le dira gore noka eno e nne le dikarolo tse di farologaneng tsa thutafatshe. Tsela e noka e tsamayang ka yone e farologana go tswa go NE-SW go ya go NW-SE, e leng se se bontshang gore go na le dilo tse di farologaneng tse di e tlhotlheletsang. Dikarolo tsa noka ya Opa di akaretsa kanale ya maemo a bone, e e nang le dinoka tsa boleele jo bo farologaneng le tse di kitlaneng. Bogolo jwa karolo ya molapo bo farologana go tswa go 0.08 km go ya go 4.33 km, go supa taolo e e okeditsweng ya go robega ga melapo go tswa kwa tlase go ya kwa godimo ga molapo. Mogote wa metsi a a elelang mo go one o kwa godimo thata, mme o kgona go fetofetoga. Tsela e noka eno e elelang ka yone e na le matlhakore a mabedi, mme dinoka tse dingwe di elela go tswa mo dithabeng tse di e dikologileng go ya kwa nokeng e kgolo. Factor ya confluence e kwa godimo go ya go e e kwa tlase, fa form factor yone e le telele, mme elongation ratio yone e kwa godimo go ya go e e kwa godimo. Dilo tseno di thusa gore noka eno e nne le metsi a mantsi. Lefelo la noka ya Opa le akaretsa mo e ka nnang lekgolo le lesome (110 km2), mme le akaretsa mafelo a bonno, dipolase tsa patlisiso le metse ya magae. Sebopego sa noka, tiriso ya lefatshe, le thutafatshe di dirisana mmogo go tlhotlheletsa boleng jwa metsi a noka, botshelo jwa mo metsing, le tikologo e e e dikologileng.<ref>Konwea, C. I.; Ajayi, O. (13 October 2022). [https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijs/article/view/233891 "Assessment of geomorphic and morphometry characteristics of parts of Shasha and Opa river basins in Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Southwestern Nigeria".] ''Ife International Journal of Science''. '''24''' (2): 173–188.</ref> == Maranyane a metsi == Go elela ga metsi a Noka ya Opa go farologana go ya ka dipaka, ka go elela go go kwa godimo ka dipaka tsa pula (April go ya go October) le go elela go go kwa tlase ka dipaka tsa komelelo (kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele go ya ko kgweding ya Mopitlo). Go elela go go kwa godimo go diragala ka kgwedi ya Phukwi go ya ko kgweding ya Motsheganong , fa go elela go go kwa tlase go tshegeditswe ke go tlatsa gape metsi a a kwa tlase.<ref>[https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/09/abridged_report_state_of_osun_structure_plans_project.pdf "Abridged Report: State of Osun Structure Plans Project"] (PDF). ''UN-Habitat''. September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref>Go fetofetoga gono ga metsi go na le ditlamorago tse di botlhokwa mo go laoleng metswedi ya metsi le ditikologo tsa metsi. <ref name=":0">Eludoyin, Adebayo Oluwole; Adewole, Adedayo Oreoluwa (2 July 2020). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15715124.2019.1640226 "A remote sensing-based evaluation of an ungauged drainage basin in Southwestern Nigeria".] ''International Journal of River Basin Management''. '''18''' (3): 307–319. Bibcode:2020IJRBM..18..307E. doi:10.1080/15715124.2019.1640226. ISSN 1571-5124.</ref>Boleng jwa metsi a Noka ya Opa bo tlhotlhelediwa ke mabaka a le mmalwa, go akaretsa go elela ga metsi go tswa kwa dipolaseng tsa patlisiso tse di dikologileng le kwa metseng ya selegae, ditlamorago tsa go nna mo metsesetoropong go tswa kwa toropong ya Ile-Ife le mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesithi ya Obafemi Awolowo, le jeoloji, ka matlapa a a kwa tlase a a nang le dikristale a a dirang gore metsi a nne thata. Dintlha tse di na le seabe mo go fetoleng boleng jwa metsi, go ama botshelo jwa mo metsing le tiriso ya batho.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251117182349/https://ecologicalproject.gov.ng/projects/ "Projects – Ecological Project Office"]. Retrieved 13 October 2024</ref> Noka ya Opa e lebagane le dikgwetlho tsa metsi, go akaretsa merwalela ka nako ya dipula tse di maatla, sedimentation ka ntlha ya koketsego ya morwalo wa sediment, le kgotlelo ya metsi go tswa go kgogolego ya temothuo le ya ditoropo.<ref>Aliu, Olanrewaju O.; Akindele, Emmanuel O.; Adeniyi, Israel F. (6 April 2020). [[doi:10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5|"Biological assessment of the headwater rivers of Opa Reservoir, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, using ecological methods".]] ''The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology''. '''81''' (1): 11. Bibcode:2020JBAZ...81...11A. doi:10.1186/s41936-020-00151-5. ISSN 2090-990X.</ref> == Letsha la Opa == Opa Reservoir ke metsi a a dirilweng ke motho a a leng mo khamphaseng ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo kwa Ile-Ife, kwa borwabophirima jwa Nigeria. E ne ya agiwa ka ngwaga wa 1978, mme ke yone e e dirisang metsi thata mo yunibesithing. Matshwao a mmele wa letamo a akaretsa boleele jwa 2,5 km, bophara jwa 0,8 km, le lefelo la go gelela metsi a a ka nnang 110 km2.<ref>Adesakin, Ta; Adedeji, Aa; Taiwo, Yf (15 December 2016). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2989/16085914.2016.1246355 "Temporal and spatial fluctuations of heavy metals in Opa Reservoir, Ile-Ife, Nigeria".] ''African Journal of Aquatic Science''. '''41''' (4): 435–443. Bibcode:2016AfJAS..41..435A. doi:10.2989/16085914.2016.1246355. ISSN 1608-5914.</ref>Lefelo leno le le atolositsweng le akaretsa University Research Farm, Residential Quarters, Central Campus, Ile-Ife, le metse ya magae e e mo tikologong.<ref>Adedeji, Adebukola Adenike; Bolawa, Oluseun P.; Taiwo, Yetunde F. (29 June 2018). [https://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/article/view/10248 "Ecological Status of Opa Reservoir, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, based on the Abundance and Diversity of its Planktonic Flora".] ''Notulae Scientia Biologicae''. '''10''' (2): 287–296. doi:10.15835/nsb10210248. ISSN 2067-3264.</ref>Kwa tshimologong e ne e diretswe go tlamela yunibesiti ka metsi a a ka ikanngwang, mme fa dingwaga di ntse di feta, letamo leno le ile la fetoga thata. <ref name=":1">Adedeji, Adebukola A.; Adesakin, Taiwo A.; Bolawa, Oluseun P. (2020). [https://onlineacademicpress.com/index.php/OAJAST/article/view/211/601 "Assessment of the Ecological Status of OPA Reservoir, ILE IFE, Nigeria Based on a Comparative Study of its Planktonic Community and Water Quality Parameters".] ''Open Academic Journal of Advanced Science and Technology''. '''4''' (1): 1–14. doi:10.33094/5.2017.2020.41.1.14. ISSN 2577-7807.</ref>Go golaganngwa ka tlhamalalo ga dinokana le melatswana ya ditoropo le letamo leno go dirile gore go nne le go koelana ga seretse go go feteletseng, mme seno se koafaditse bokgoni jwa lone jwa go boloka metsi. Se se tlhodile ditlamorago tse di farologaneng tsa tikologo, go akaretsa go fetoga ga maatla a metsi, go fokotsega ga boleng jwa metsi, le go ama botshelo jwa metsi. <ref name=":0" /><ref>[http://www.aujet.adelekeuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/aujet/article/download/191/132 "Download of AUJET Article"]. ''Adeleke University Journal of Education and Technology (AUJET)''. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref> Go tsibogela merwalela e e maswe ya kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 2011, puso ya Osun State e ne ya simolola porojeke e kgolo ya go baakanya. Dikanala tsa Noka ya Ogbe Esimirin, e leng nngwe ya melatswana e megolo ya Noka ya Opa, di ne tsa phepafadiwa, tsa atolosiwa, mme tsa epelwa go fitlha kwa molelwaneng wa yunibesithi. Le fa gone porojeke eno e ne e diretswe go fokotsa merwalela, e ne ya dira gore go nne le seretse mme ya kgoreletsa go elela ga Noka ya Opa fa e elela.<ref name=":1" /> == Botlhokwa le go somarelwa == Botlhokwa le go somarelwa Noka ya Opa le Letamo di na le seabe sa botlhokwa mo go bopeng dikarolo tsa metsi tsa khamphase ya Yunibesiti ya Obafemi Awolowo. Noka ya Opa e na le seabe sa botlhokwa mo tikologong, mo loagong le mo ikonoming ya batho ba ba nnang gaufi le yone. Botlhokwa jwa yone bo akaretsa go tlamela metsi a a nowang mo mafelong a bonno, temothuo le madirelo, go tshegetsa nosetso ya dijalo le leruo, le go thusa mo tshireletsong ya dijo.<ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/07/securing-a-sustainable-future-protecting-opa-dam-the-lifeline-of-obafemi-awolowo-university-and-beyond "Securing a Sustainable Future: Protecting Opa Dam, the Lifeline of Obafemi Awolowo University and Beyond".] ''Vanguard''. Lagos, Nigeria. July 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2025</ref>Mo godimo ga moo, noka eno e dira gore go nne le mefutafuta ya ditshedi, e laola modikologo wa metsi e bile e fokotsa go fetoga ga tlelaemete, e leng se se dirang gore go nne le ditshono tsa go tshwara ditlhapi le go dira gore go nne le bojanala jwa tlholego. Gape e na le botlhokwa jwa semoya le jwa setso mo bathong ba lefelo leo. Ditirelo tsa thulaganyo ya ikholoji ya noka eno di botlhokwa thata gore tikologo e nne e lekalekane. Le fa go ntse jalo, Noka ya Opa e lebane le matshosetsi a le mantsi, go akaretsa go rengwa ga dikgwa le go senyega ga mmu, kgotlelo e e bakwang ke go elela ga metsi go tswa mo temothuong le matlakala a madirelo, go fetoga ga tlelaemete le go fetofetoga ga tlelaemete, go dirisiwa thata ga metswedi ya metsi le go sa laolwe sentle ga matlakala. Matshosetsi ano a tlhoka maiteko a tshoganyetso a tshomarelo go tlhomamisa gore noka e tswelele pele ka lobaka lo loleele.<ref>Oginni, F.; Ojoawo, S. O. (2014). "Assessment of sanitation levels of sources of water in Osun State Capital, Nigeria". ''International Journal of Water and Sanitation''. '''XX''' (YY): ZZ–ZZ. S2CID [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131587528 131587528.]</ref> == Metswedi == hqugpu4blq16ezwldgv6otz305zj6ny 0 13635 51098 50728 2026-06-19T19:53:25Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Baakens|river_name=Baakensrivier|image_map=South Africa relief location map.svg|map_caption=Molomo wa noka ya Baakens|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]|location=Algoa Bay|length=23 km|mouth=Lewatle la Indian}} '''Noka ya Baakens''', e e itsegeng gape ka leina la '''Noka ya Gqeberha'''<ref>Mlambo, Sihle (26 February 2021). [https://www.uwc.ac.za/news-and-announcements/news/gqeberha-the-new-name-for-port-elizabeth "Gqeberha, The New Name for Port Elizabeth".] ''uwc.ac.za''. Retrieved 15 June 2026</ref> ke noka e e tshelang kwa legareng la [[Port Elizabeth]] le kwa maemelong a dikepe a Algoa Bay.<ref>[https://www.geonames.org/1021484/bakensrivier.html Bakensrivier] sa [https://www.geonames.org/about.html Geonames.org] (cc-by); post updated 18 January 2012; database download sa 28 February 2017</ref> Noka e,e elela dikhilomithara di le masome mabedi le boraro go tswa kwa lefelong le e le nosang la Sherwood, Hunter's Retreat le Rowalian park go kgabaganya mafelo a setoropo go ya molong wa yone. Gantsi ke molatswana o o didimetseng. Gaufi le molomo wa yone, e tsena mo mokgatsheng kwa borwa jwa thaba e Fort Frederick e leng mo go yone. Go fitlhelela dikepe tsa ntlha tsa VOC di ema fa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), maemelo a ne a itsege ka leina la Kragga Kamma la morafe wa Khoekhoe, "molapo o o majwe (go tewa majwe a mannye mo metsing, Kamma e le tshenyo ya leina la Khoe le le rayang metsi)".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250120133708/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/default/files/heritagereports/9-2-073-0001-20080904-JB_0.pdf "HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Portion 87 of the Farm Cragga Kamma. No. 23 PORT ELIZABETH"] (PDF). [[:en:South_African_Heritage_Resources_Agency|''SAHRA''.]]</ref> Mo nakong dikhilomithara tse pedi tsa bofelo tsa molatswana di ne tsa diriwa mosele, lekadiba la tlala. Mafelo a itloso bodutu, mabala a metshameko le ditselana tsa mesepele di mo mokgatsheng wa Baakens. == Ditso == Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a supa le masome a matlhano le bobedi (1752), August Frederik Beutler o ne a feta a dira lotshwao mo boemong jwa VOC kwa mogogorong. Lefelo la itloso bodutu la Settler Park la diheketara di le masome matlhano le bone le sale le nna teng ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le borobabongwe (1938). Mogogoro o ka dingwaga tsa 1867, 1897, 1908 (morwalela wa [[Port Elizabeth]] wa 1908), 1968, 1981 le 2006 e ne e le lefelo la merwalela e e maswe thata ebile e sentse thata. Ka Motsheganong a le malatsi a matlhano ngwaga wa 1897, go ne go bakilwe ke pula ya nakwana e e neleng ka bontsi kwa Hunter's Retreat. Ka letsatsi la Tshipi Lwetse a rogwa ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabaongwe le masome a marataro le borobabobedi (1968), pula e ne ya simolola go na morago fela ga nako ya borobabobedi mo mosong, mo nakong e khutshwane go ne go nele pula ya di centimethara di le masome matlhano le borataro. Mo morwaleleng wa matlhotlhapelo o lefatshe la [[Aforika Borwa]] le neng le kile la o itemogela, batho ba robaboedi ba neba latlhegelwa ke matshelo. Leina la Gqeberha ke leina la noka e, la [[Sethosa|seXhosa]].<ref>Meiring, Pieter (10 November 2019). [https://cbn.co.za/featured/new-port-elizabeth-name-announced/ "New Port Elizabeth name announced"]. ''Cape Business News''. Retrieved 15 June 2026</ref> Lefelo la itloso bodutu la Kabega Park le ka tswa le reeletswe ka noka e. == Metswedi == k6ar1s5m732qm47ns4buxpngzv17v45 0 13692 51101 50824 2026-06-19T20:00:37Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51101 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lake Victoria Basin in Kenia OSM.png|thumb|Noka ya Gucha]] '''Noka ya Gucha''', e e bitswang Noka ya Kuja ke morafe wa Ba-Luo e simologa kwa dithabeng tsa Kiabonyoru kwa Kgaolong ya Nyamira e ralala pelo ya Kgaolo ya Gucha e e yang kwa bophirima go ralala naga ya Migori koo e kopanelang le Noka ya Migori mme e elela jaaka Noka ya Kuja-Migori go tsena mo [[Letsha la Victoria]]<ref>Mang’era, Ondemo, Fredrick (2023). ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20260112175532/http://repository.kisiiuniversity.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/8309 Evaluating Fish Community Structure In Relation To Water Quality Along Nyangweta Tributary, Kuja- Migori River Basin, Kenya]'' (Thesis). Kisii University. Archived from [http://repository.kisiiuniversity.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/8309 the original] on 2026-01-12.</ref> Fa e ntse e ralala Naga ya Gusii karolo ya yone e nna Noka ya Mogonga, e e itsegeng ka diphelelo tsa yone tse di bolayang fa e na le merwalela. Mogonga le Gucha di batla di lekana ka bogolo mme di kopana sekgala sa kilometara ele nngwe fela pele di elela go ralala bogare jwa Toropo ya [[Ogembo.]] Noka ya Gucha-Migori e ne ya fetola tsela ya yone gaufi le molomo wa yone ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le bongwe go fitlha ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le bobedi ( 2001- 2002), e ya kwa bokone kwa lefelong la yone la ga jaana. <ref>WRMA and JICA (July 2014). "[https://web.archive.org/web/20161204174450/http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/1000018470_03.pdf Appendix 3-4 Gucha Migori River Basin Integrated Flood Management Plan Draft"] (PDF). Archived from [http://open_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/1000018470_03.pdf the original] (PDF) on 4 December 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2016.</ref> Dikilometara tse di ka nnang masome a mane le botlhano go tswa kwa Migori, letamo la Gogo Falls le ne la wediwa ka 1956 le na le maatla a motlakase wa metsi a 2MW, a golagantswe le gridi ya bosetšhaba ya Kenya. <ref>Lake Basin Development Authority (June 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20161204152121/http://www.lbda.co.ke/downloads/HEP_projects/HEP%20Kuja.pdf "PROPOSAL FOR A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON KUJA RIVER MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-04. Retrieved 4 December 2016.</ref>Letamo le tsamaiswa ke Kenya Electricity Generating Company (Kengen).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160417203736/http://www.kengen.co.ke/?q=content%2Fhydro-power-stations "HYDRO POWER STATIONS"]. ''www.kengen.co.ke''. Archived from the original on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2016.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone (2014), puso ya Kenya e ne ya itsise ka go tlhabolola letamo, go oketsa bokgoni go ya go 12MW, go laola kelelo go thibela merwalela, le go letla nosetso ya diheketara tse di ka nnang dikete tse masome mabedi le botlhano. <ref>[https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000105509/government-to-boost-energy-capacity-of-gogo-falls "Government to boost energy capacity of Gogo Falls".] ''Standard Digital News''. February 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2016.</ref>Go tloga ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016), go ne ga agiwa metsi a go nosetsa a Orango le dikanale tse di neng di le kwa tlase ga letamo go dirisiwa ke balemirui ba Okenge le Owiro kwa Kgaolong ya Migori, mme go agiwa ga dikanale tsa kabo go ne ga diegisiwa. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161220045247/http://kenyanewsagency.go.ke/en/endless-wait-for-irrigation-water-dampens-nyatike-farmers-hopes/ "Endless wait for irrigation water dampens Nyatike farmers' hopes".] ''Kenya News Agency''. February 2016. Archived from [http://kenyanewsagency.go.ke/en/endless-wait-for-irrigation-water-dampens-nyatike-farmers-hopes/ the original] on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 4 December 2016.</ref> Lefelo la thutamarope la Diphororo tsa Gogo le gaufi le letamo leno. == Metswedi == da5okurm1ch6qkmrvxfc3vhmnxaa1iq 0 13694 51111 50826 2026-06-19T20:21:59Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Suguta''' ke noka ya setlha mo Great Rift Valley kwa Kenya (Aforika), kwa borwa jwa Letsha la Turkana. E elela kwa bokone go ralala Mogogoro wa Suguta ka paka ya dipula, e dira Letsha la nakwana la Alablad, letsha le le omileng le le kopanang le Letsha la Logipi kwa ntlheng ya bokone ya mogogoro. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120426070349/http://wldb.ilec.or.jp/data/ilec/WLC13_Papers/others/5.pdf]<ref>Mathea, Chege David (November 1, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120426070349/http://wldb.ilec.or.jp/data/ilec/WLC13_Papers/others/5.pdf "OUR LAKES, OUR FUTURE"] (PDF). International Lake Environment Committee Foundation. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 26, 2012. Retrieved 2011-12-29.</ref> Noka ya Suguta e tswa mo nokeng e e nang le metsi a a belang a a tswang mo letlhakoreng la Thaba ya Silali, e leng lekgwamolelo le le sa tlholeng le thunya.<ref>[http://northrifttourism.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=71&Itemid=213 "About the Baringo Region".] ''North Rift Tourism''. Retrieved 2012-04-09.</ref> Baitseanape bangwe ba lefatshe ba fopholetsa gore motswedi wa metsi a a bolelo wa Kapedo, o o welang ka setlhopha sa diphororo go ya kwa [[Nokeng ya Suguta]], o tswa mo Letsheng la Baringo dikilometara di le masome a marataro go ya kwa borwa. <ref>Keith Bain; Pippa De Bruyn; Philip Briggs; Lizzie Williams (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=gtIuj0DenGwC&pg=PA159 Frommer's Kenya and Tanzania]''. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0470285589|<bdi>978-0470285589</bdi>.]]</ref>Ka nako nngwe Noka ya Suguta e feta fa gare ga makgwamolelo a mabedi mme e fepiwa go tswa mo matlhakoreng oomabedi ka metswedi e e bothitho.<ref>[http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/Af/Kenya/RiftValley/LogipiGeyser.htm "Logipi Geyser".] ''WonderMondo''. Retrieved 2012-04-09.</ref> Mo mafelong mangwe dintshi tsa Noka ya Suguta di na le ditlhare tsa mokolane.<ref>[http://www.flyladylori.com/2011/09/sand-dunes-of-the-suguta-valley-2/ "SAND DUNES OF THE SUGUTA VALLEY".] ''Lady Lori''. Retrieved 2012-04-09.</ref> Noka eno le melatswana ya yone ke legae la di-cichlid, e leng tilapia ya Suguta (Oreochromis niloticus sugutae). <ref>Daniel O. Okeyo. [ftp://ftp.cordis.europa.eu/pub/inco2/docs/29_dookeyo.pdf "TAXONOMY, COMMON NAMES AND DISTRIBUTION OF FISH IN THE EASTERN ARM OF THE RIFT VALLEY DRAINAGE, KENYA"] (PDF). ''FTP server'' (FTP). Retrieved 2012-04-09.</ref>Le fa gone noka eno e kgala morago ga dipula, ditlhapi tseno di kgona go tshela mo matamong. Noka eno gape ke legae la dikwena di le dintsi. Go na le ditlhopha di le dintsi tsa di-flamingo mo dintshing tsa noka eno. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120426081400/http://www.bigearth.com/location/suguta-valley-crossing/ "Suguta Valley Crossing"]. ''Big Earth''. Retrieved 2012-04-09.</ref> == Metswedi == lbubi4ry49tebwumdf3gdg0gog3ifct 0 13700 51099 50834 2026-06-19T19:57:18Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Gourits|river_name=Noka ya Gouritz, Gouritsrivier|image_name=Bridge Gouritsrivier.JPG|caption=Marogo a mararo a noka ya Gourits gaufi le Albertina kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]]|image_map=South Africa relief location map.svg|map_caption=Molomo wa noka ya Gourits|basin_countries=[[Aforika Borwa]]|location=kgaolo ya [[Kapa Bophirima]]|origin=[[Noka ya Gamka]]|length=416 km|mouth_elevation_m=0|elevation_m=516|mouth=Letangwana la Gourits}} '''Noka ya Gourits''' (teme ya Afrikaans: Gouritsrivier), e ka dinako tse dingwe e peletiwang gotwe 'Noka ya Gouritz', e kwa [[Kapa Bophirima]] jwa [[Aforika Borwa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S0038-23532009000100019&script=sci_arttext |title=Water resources in the Klein Karoo: the challenge of sustainable development in a water-scarce area |access-date=2026-06-17 |archive-date=2024-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010062834/https://scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23532009000100019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Noka ya Gourits e elela go tswa kwa bokopanong jwa [[noka ya Gamka]] le [[Noka ya Olifants( Western Cape)|noka ya Olifants]] e kopanngwa ke [[noka ya Groot]], pele ga e elela go kgabaganya dithaba tsa Langeberg le poa ya yone. E felela e tshela kwa lewatleng ka letangwana la Gourits gaufi le [[Gouritsmond]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA16Gouritz.jpg Gouritz WMA 16]</ref> == Metswedi == 8865c1whkvomx0plbturmrnwplmj88s 0 13721 51145 50866 2026-06-20T00:19:47Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thokozani Khupe''' (o tshotswe ka Ngwanatsele a le lesome le boferabobedi ka ngwaga wa 1963) ke lepolotiki la kwa [[Zimbabwe]], leloko la mokgatlho wa badiri le leloko la lekoko la [[CCC]]. E ne e le Mothusa-tonakgolo ka 2009 go ya go 2013. Morago ga loso lwa mothei wa lekoko [[Morgan Tsvangirai]] mo tshimologong ya 2018 Khupe o ne a le kgatlhanong le go tlhatloga ga ga [[Nelson Chamisa]] jaaka moeteledipele wa MDC-T ka mabaka a gore ke ene fela mo bathusatautoneng ba yone ba bararo ba ba tlhophilweng ke bokopano, fa Chamisa le mothusatautona wa boraro [[Elias Mudzusvangirai]] ba ne ba tlhomilwe ke T. Khupe o ne a tshegediwa ke bontsi jwa mokgatlho wa lekoko mo go seno, mme a latlhegelwa ke kgaratlho ya maatla go Chamisa; Khupe le batshegetsi ba gagwe ba tsaya lekoko la bone e le MDC-T e e kafa molaong mme ba tsweletse go dirisa leina la MDC-T. Ba amega mo ntweng ya kgotlatshekelo le lekoko la Chamisa ka leina la lekoko, matshwao, letshwao le letshwaokgwebo;<ref>{{Cite web |title=MDC-T name, symbols, logo fight: Chamisa wants Khupe interdicted – DailyNews Live |url=https://www.dailynews.co.zw/articles/2018/05/28/mdc-t-name-symbols-logo-fight-chamisa-wants-khupe-interdicted |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809153231/https://www.dailynews.co.zw/articles/2018/05/28/mdc-t-name-symbols-logo-fight-chamisa-wants-khupe-interdicted |archive-date=2018-08-09 |website=dailynews.co.zw}}</ref> kgang e ne e ise e rarabololwe pele ga [[ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2018]] mme lekoko la ga Khupe le ne la tsenelela ditlhopho jaaka MDC-T fa lekoko le legolo la ga Chamisa le ne la tsenelela ditlhopho jaaka karolo ya [[MDC Alliance]] . Ka Moranang a le masome a mabedi le bobedi ka 2018, o ne a tlhophiwa go nna tautona wa lekoko la gagwe la MDC-T kwa bokopanong jo bo sa tlwaelesegang kwa [[Bulawayo]] kwantle ga kganetso.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff Reporter |date=2018-04-21 |title=Khupe elected MDC-T President |url=https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/main/khupe-unveils-new-look-mdc-t-leadership-at-extraordinary-congress/ |access-date=2021-08-23 |website=The Zimbabwe Mail |language=en-GB |archive-date=2023-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604031048/https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/main/khupe-unveils-new-look-mdc-t-leadership-at-extraordinary-congress/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka 2020 o ne a tlosiwa mo maemong a botautona wa lekoko ke Douglas Mwonzora mo gare ga dipolelo tse di maatla tsa tirisodikgoka le tsietso go tswa mo baemanokeng ba gagwe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Khupe Says Mwonzora Not Legitimate Leader of MDC-T |url=https://www.voazimbabwe.com/a/zimbabwe-thokozani-khupe-mdc-t-congress-mwonzora-press-conference/5789676.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Mwonzora to recall Khupe from Parliament over split |url=https://www.newsday.co.zw/2022/01/mwonzora-to-recall-khupe-from-parliament-over-split/ |access-date=17 June 2026 |archive-date=18 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718131859/https://www.newsday.co.zw/2022/01/mwonzora-to-recall-khupe-from-parliament-over-split |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Thuto == Khupe o tsholetswe kwa [[Bulawayo]], mme o ne a aloga ka 1999 kwa Turin Centre kwa [[Turin]], kwa Italy, ka setifikeiti sa Maranyane a Tshedimosetso. Gape o na le Bachelor of Arts mo Dithutong tsa Bobegadikgang go tswa kwa [[Zimbabwe Open University]], Masters wa Tsamaiso ya Kgwebo, MBA go tswa kwa [[National University of Science and Technology]], le PhD mo Dithutong tsa Loago go tswa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Zimbabwe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thokozani Khupe graduates with PHD |url=https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-national-byo-117872.html |website=Bulawayo24}}</ref> == Dipolotiki tsa mekgatlho ya badiri == O dirile jaaka modiredi wa Mokgatlho wa Diterena wa Zimbabwe Amalgamated Railway Union (ZARU) ka 1987. Ka 1991 o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mokwaledi wa Lekgotla la Bogakolodi la Basadi la [[ZCTU]] mme gape a nna leloko la Lekgotlakakaretso la ZCTU.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.itcilo.org/en/community/news/success-story-the-deputy-prime-minister-of-zimbabwe-is-a-former-turin-centre-participant|title=Success Story: the Deputy Prime Minister of Zimbabwe is a former Turin Centre participant|last=BIZZOTTO|work=ITCILO|access-date=2018-06-18|language=en|archivedate=2018-06-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618131456/https://www.itcilo.org/en/community/news/success-story-the-deputy-prime-minister-of-zimbabwe-is-a-former-turin-centre-participant}}</ref> Ka 1999 o ne a tsaya karolo mo go tlhameng lekoko la [[Movement for Democratic Change]], le mo go lone a neng a tlhophiwa go nna leloko la Khuduthamaga ya Bosetšhaba le le neng le lebagane le Dipalamo, Dithulaganyo le Boitekanelo.. == Tiro ya sepolotiki == Ka Seetebosigo 2000, Khupe o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Leloko la Palamente la Kgaolo ya botlhophi ya Makokoba kwa [[Bulawayo]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 February 2013 |title=MDC-T Byo members attack Khupe – The Zimbabwe Independent |url=https://www.theindependent.co.zw/2013/02/22/mdc-t-byo-members-attack-khupe/ |access-date=2018-06-18 |website=theindependent.co.zw |language=en-US}}</ref> E ne e le leloko la Komiti ya Tekanyetsomadi, Matlole le Tlhabololo ya Itsholelo; le ka ga Komiti ya Tlhabololo ya Basha, Bong le Tlhomo ya Ditiro mme o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusamodulasetilo wa Lekgotla la Basadi la Palamente mme a nna Mothusa Whip yo Mogolo wa Palamente wa MDC. O ne a ipoeletsa mo kgaolong eo ya botlhophi gape ka [[Ditlhopho tsa palamente tsa Mopitlo wa 2005|ditlhopho tsa]]Setlamo sa Palamente sa Tshireletso, Merero ya Selegae le Tshireletsego ya Bosetšhaba le ya Tekanyetsomadi, Matlole le Tlhabololo ya Itsholelo.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=6 April 2006 |title=Leadership profiles |url=http://www.thezimbabwean.co/2006/04/leadership-profiles/ |access-date=2018-06-18 |website=thezimbabwean.co |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.thezimbabwean.co/2006/04/leadership-profiles/ "Leadership profiles"]. ''thezimbabwean.co''. 6 April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> Mo [[ditlhophong tsa palamente tsa Mopitlo 2008]], Khupe o ne a tsenelela ditlhopho gape kwa kgaolong ya botlhophi ya Makokoba jaaka ntlhopheng wa lekoko la MDC-Tsvangirai, a fenya [[Welshman Ncube]], Mokwaledikakaretso wa lekoko la MDC-Mutambara. O ne a bona ditalama di le dikete tse nne, lekgolo le masome a mabedi le boraro kgatlhanong le ditalama di le dikete tse pedi, makgolo a mane masome a supa le botlhano tsa ga Ncube.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zimbabwe election results 2008 |url=http://www.newzimbabwe.com/pages/electoral203.17984.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405183324/http://www.newzimbabwe.com/pages/electoral203.17984.html |archive-date=5 April 2008 |publisher=Newzimbabwe.com}}</ref> O nnile dingwaga di le mmalwa e le leloko le le tlhagafetseng la Mafaratlhatlha a Palamente ya Aforika kgatlhanong le Tshenyetso setshaba.<ref name=":1"/> Khupe e ne e le Mothusatona wa Zimbabwe go tloga Tlhakole a le malatsi a le lesome le motso ka 2009 go fitlha ka Phatwe wa 2013 mo [[pusong ya kutlwano ya bosetšhaba]] magareng ga MDC-T le [[ZANU-PF]]. E ne e le Mopalamente wa kgaolo ya botlhophi ya [[Makokoba]] pele ga a gogelwa morago ke lekoko la gagwe ka 2018 ka mabaka a gore ga a tlhole a emela dikgatlhego tsa lekoko.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.voazimbabwe.com/a/zimbabwe-thokozani-khupe-expulsion-parliament/4344228.html|title=Zimbabwe Opposition MDC-T Recalls VP Thokozani Khupe from Parliament}}</ref> Ka 2005 o ne a tlhophiwa go nna mothusatautona wa [[Movement for Democratic Change]]( MDC )<ref name="tvnz">{{Cite web |title=Zimbabwe enforces price freeze |url=http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/411366/1221780 |publisher=Tvnz.co.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|publisher=BBC News|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7000314.stm|title=Constitutional deal in Zimbabwe}}</ref> a tsaya marapo go tswa go mogale wa mokgatlho wa badiri e bong [[Gibson Sibanda]].<ref name="reform">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2007 |title=Opposition seeks AU team to monitor Zimbabwe elections |url=http://www.afriquenligne.fr/actualites/english_section/opposition_seeks_au_team_to_monitor_zimbabwe_elections_200706291064/ |publisher=Afriqueenligne.fr}}</ref> Mongwe wa balekane ba gagwe ba ba gaufi mo Senateng ya Zimbabwe e ne e le [[Mildred Reason Dube]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2020 |title=Khupe reacts angrily to her 'expulsion' as MDC-T leader |url=https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/politics/khupe-reacts-angrily-to-her-expulsion-as-mdc-t-leader/ |access-date=14 July 2022 |website=[[The Zimbabwe Mail]] |archive-date=20 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120105754/https://www.thezimbabwemail.com/politics/khupe-reacts-angrily-to-her-expulsion-as-mdc-t-leader/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka Mopitlo wa 2022, Khuphe o ne a rotloetsa batho ba Zimbabwe go tlhopha [[Citizens Coalition for Change]] mo ditlhophong tsa tlaleletso tsa kgwedi eo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2022 |title=MDC-T's Thokozani Khupe Urges Zimbabweans to Vote for Citizens Coalition for Change Candidates in Forthcoming National By-elections |url=https://www.voazimbabwe.com/a/6494941.html |access-date=6 October 2022 |website=Voice of America}}</ref> == Ditso tsa ditlhopho == == Metswedi == 2dnauzkx7tr9nu644g0f8vea78j7tu1 0 13724 51097 50872 2026-06-19T19:48:58Z InternetArchiveBot 8156 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 51097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''NoViolet Bulawayo''' ke leina la bokwadi la ga '''Elizabeth Zandile Tshele''' (yo o tshotsweng ka Phalane a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1981), mokwadi wa [[Zimbabwe|kwa Zimbabwe]]. Ka 2012, [[Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Dibuka]] o ne wa mmitsa motlotlegi wa "[[5 Under 35]]". O ne a bidiwa mongwe wa Maaforika a a kwa Godimo a le lekgolo a a nang le tlhotlheletso e kgolo ke lokwalo lwa ''[[New African]]'' ka 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last=newsday |date=5 December 2014 |title=Trevor Ncube among most influential persons in Africa |url=https://www.newsday.co.zw/2014/12/trevor-ncube-among-influential-persons-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022011008/https://www.newsday.co.zw/2014/12/trevor-ncube-among-influential-persons-africa |archive-date=22 October 2022 |access-date=6 January 2021 |website=NewsDay Zimbabwe |language=en-US}}</ref> Padi ya gagwe ya ntlha, ''[[We Need New Names]]'', e ne ya tlhophiwa go bona [[Seetsele sa Booker sa 2013]], mme padi ya gagwe ya bobedi, ''[[Glory]]'', e ne ya tlhophiwa go bona [[Seetsele sa Booker sa 2022]] se se mo dira gore e nne "mosadi wa ntlha wa moAforika yo montsho go tlhagelela mo lenaaneng la Booker gabedi".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibeh |first=Chukwuebuka |date=29 July 2022 |title=Noviolet Bulawayo's Glory, a Zimbabwean Masterpiece, Longlisted for 2022 Booker Prize |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2022/07/noviolet-bulawayos-glory-a-zimbabwean-masterpiece-longlisted-for-2022-booker-prize/ |access-date=31 July 2022 |website=[[Brittle Paper]]}}</ref> == Botshelo == Bulawayo o tsholetswe kwa [[Tsholotsho]], kwa Zimbabwe, mme a tsena Sekolo se Segolo sa Njube mme moragonyana a tsena [[Sekolo se Segolo sa Mzilikazi]] go fetsa maemo a gagwe a A.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Hard work, passion the special ingredients for success: author|first=Simba|last=Manhango|url=https://thestandard.newsday.co.zw/2011/07/23/hard-work-passion-the-special-ingredients-for-success-author/|newspaper=The Standard|date=23 July 2011|access-date=27 April 2022}}</ref> O weditse dithuto tsa gagwe tsa kholetšhe kwa United States, a ithuta kwa [[Kholetšheng ya Baagi ya Kalamazoo Valley]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mlive.com/entertainment/kalamazoo/index.ssf/2013/07/author_kvcc_graduate_noviolet.html|title=Author, KVCC graduate NoViolet Bulawayo named to prestigious Man Booker long list|newspaper=MLive Media Group|first=John|last=Liberty|date=23 July 2013}}</ref> mme a bona digerata ya gagwe ya ntlha le ya masters mo Seesemaneng go tswa kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Texas A&M-Commerce]] le kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Southern Methodist]], ka go latelana. Ka 2010, o ne a wetsa [[Master of Fine Arts]] mo go [[kwaleng ka boitlhamedi]] kwa [[Yunibesithing ya Cornell]], koo tiro ya gagwe e neng ya akgolwa ka [[Fellowship ya Truman Capote]].<ref name="cornell" /> Ka 2011, o ne a gapa [[Seetsele sa Caine]] ka kgang ya gagwe ya [["Hitting Budapest"]],<ref>{{Cite news|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726145332/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/we-need-new-names-by-noviolet-bulawayo-8647510.html|last=Busby|first=Margaret|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/we-need-new-names-by-noviolet-bulawayo-8647510.html|title=We Need New Names, By NoViolet Bulawayo: Born to freedom but raised to struggle, Zimbabwe's youth inspire a debut that blends wit and pain|access-date=2026-06-17|archivedate=2013-07-26}}</ref> e e neng ya gatisiwa mo kgatisong ya Ngwanatsele/Sedimonthole 2010 ya ''[[Boston Review]]'' mme ya nna kgaolo e e simololang ya [[padi ya gagwe ya ntlha]] ya 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davis |first=Kristy |title=9 Must-Read Books for June 2013 {{!}} We Need New Names: A Novel |url=http://www.oprah.com/book/We-Need-New-Names-A-Novel-by-NoViolet-Bulawayo?editors_pick_id=43545 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028184925/https://www.oprah.com/book/we-need-new-names-a-novel-by-noviolet-bulawayo?editors_pick_id=43545 |archive-date=2022-10-28 |access-date=2013-07-23 |website=Oprah.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=Habila|last=Helon|archiveurl=Helon Habila|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jun/20/need-new-names-bulawayo-review|title=We Need New Names by NoViolet Bulawayo – review}}</ref> ''We Need New Names'' e ne ya akarediwa mo lenaaneng le lekhutshwane la Sekgele sa Man Booker sa 2013,<ref name="bookershortlist">{{Cite web |date=10 September 2013 |title=Shortlist 2013 announced |url=http://www.themanbookerprize.com/news/man-booker-shortlist-2013 |publisher=Man Booker Prize}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Driscoll|first=Molly|title=Man Booker Prize long list includes writers Colum McCann, Tash Aw|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/Books/chapter-and-verse/2013/0723/Man-Booker-Prize-long-list-includes-writers-Colum-McCann-Tash-Aw|access-date=23 July 2013}}</ref> mme seno sa dira gore Bulawayo e nne mosadi wa ntlha wa Moaforika yo montsho le Mozimbabwe wa ntlha go tsenngwa mo lenaaneng le lekhutshwane la [[Sekgele]] seo. Gape o ne a gapa [[Sekgele sa Dikwalo sa Etisalat]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben |date=23 February 2014 |title=NoViolet Bulawayo Wins the Inaugural Etisalat Prize for Literature |url=http://bookslive.co.za/blog/2014/02/23/noviolet-bulawayo-wins-the-inaugural-etisalat-prize-for-literature/ |access-date=23 February 2014 |website=Books Live}}</ref> le [[Sekgele sa Mokgatlho sa Hemingway/PEN]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Allan Kozinn |date=17 March 2014 |title=Writer From Zimbabwe Wins PEN/Hemingway Award for First Novel |url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/03/17/writer-from-zimbabwe-wins-penhemingway-award-for-first-novel/ |access-date=2 April 2014 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zipp |first=Yvonne |date=18 March 2014 |title=NoViolet Bulawayo wins prestigious Hemingway/PEN award |url=http://www.mlive.com/news/kalamazoo/index.ssf/2014/03/noviolet_bulawayo_wins_prestig.html |access-date=2 April 2014 |website=MLive.com}}</ref> gareng ga dikabelo tse dingwe. Ka 2011, go ne ga begwa gore o ne a simolotse go dira porojeke ya memoir.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-local-byo-5547-article-Zimbabwean,+NoViolet+Bulawayo's+'Hitting+Budapest'+takes+the+12th+Caine+Prize.html|title=Zimbabwean, NoViolet Bulawayo's 'Hitting Budapest' takes the 12th Caine Prize|date=12 July 2011|work=Bulawayo 24}}</ref> Bulawayo o ne a nna leloko la boto ya batlhokomedi ba letsholo la dikwalo tsa Aforika yotlhe la Writivism fa gare ga 2014 le 2018.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">go tlhokega nopolo</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> E gatisitswe ka 2022, padi ya gagwe ya bobedi ya ''[[Glory]]'' – e e tlhotlheleditsweng ke ''[[Animal Farm]]'' ya ga [[George Orwell]] le e e buang ka setšhaba se se mo nokong ya phetogo – e ne ya kwalwa mo dingwageng di feta di le tharo, tse mo go tsone [[Matshelo a Batho Bantsho a Maleba (Black Lives Matter)|Bulawayo]] "a neng a latela thata bolweladitshwanelo tsa batho ba ba neng ba batla phetogo mo mafatsheng a akaretsang Sudan, Algeria, Uganda, Eswatini le Amerika, kwa [[Black Lives Matter]] e tlhatlogileng." ''Glory'' e ne ya tlhalosiwa ke ''[[The Conversation]]'' jaaka "e e sa lebalegeng" le "setlhogo sa Zimbabwe sa ka bonako".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mushakavanhu |first=Tinashe |date=27 July 2022 |title=NoViolet Bulawayo's new novel is an instant Zimbabwean classic |url=https://theconversation.com/noviolet-bulawayos-new-novel-is-an-instant-zimbabwean-classic-185783 |access-date=31 July 2022 |website=The Conversation}}</ref> Fa [[Sarah Ladipo Manyika]] a ne a sekaseka padi eno mo ''[[The Guardian]]'', o ne a konela jaana: "Bulawayo ga a ikgogone go bua boammaaruri mo pusong. O kwala ka bonako le ka bopelokgale, a tsholetsa seipone mo Zimbabwe ya segompieno le mo lefatsheng ka kakaretso. Go tlhoka go nna boi ga gagwe le go anela dinako tsa sepolotiki tse di thata go tsisa mo tlhogong baanelwadikgang ba ba jaaka [[Herta Müller]], [[Elif Shafak]] le moagi wa gaabo wa Zimbabwe [[Yvonne Vera]]. ''Glory,'' e e nang le thapo ya tsholofelo kwa bokhutlong jwa yone, ke tshwantshiso, tshotlo le mainane a a kopantsweng go nna selo se le sengwe se se maatla." ''Glory'' e ne a tlhophiwa mo lenaaneng le lekhutshwane la [[Sekgele sa Booker sa 2022]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Glory {{!}} The Booker Prizes |url=https://thebookerprizes.com/the-booker-library/books/glory |access-date=16 October 2022 |website=thebookerprizes.com |language=en}}</ref> mme o ne a tlhophiwa mo lenaaneng le le telele [[Sekgele sa Basadi sa Dikinane]] sa 2023. Ka 2025, go tshwaya ngwaga wa bo masome a mabedi le botlhano wa Sekgele sa Caine sa Bokwadi jwa Aforika, kgang ya gagwe ya ga Bulawayo ya "Hitting Budapest" e ne ya tlhophelwa kabelo ya tlotlo ya "Go gaisa ya Caine", e e neng ya tlhophiwa ke phanele ya baatlhodi e e nang le [[Abdulrazak Gurnah]] (modulasetilo), [[Jennifer Tansubugae]] motlhagisi wa filimi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/sep/27/noviolet-bulawayo-wins-the-best-of-caine-award|title=NoViolet Bulawayo wins the Best of Caine award|newspaper=The Guardian|first=Carlos|last=Mureithi|date=27 September 2025|access-date=28 September 2025}}</ref> == Leina la bokwadi == Leina la bokwadi la ga NoViolet Bulawayo le tswa mo lefokong la [[Sendebele]] le le kayang 'le', leina la ga moso mmaagwe le toropo ya [[Bulawayo]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=NoViolet Bulawayo: 'I'm encouraged by this new generation that wants better'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/mar/19/noviolet-bulawayo-animal-farm-style-allegory-important-hope-zimbabwe-orwell-glory|last=Clark|first=Alex|access-date=2023-03-07|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Dietsele le ditlotla == == Ditiro == == Metswedi == ajfci75b2botv2l9h7b2v9a7hlum34s 0 13760 51060 2026-06-19T12:21:19Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Noka ya Lukuga #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 51060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Noka ya Lukuga|image_name=River Lukuga, Kalemia.jpg|image_map=Lukuga river.jpg|basin_countries=[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]|map_caption=Noka ya Lukuga, mmala o motala|location=Kalemie|elevation_m=850|mouth=[[Noka ya Lualaba]]|length_km=320}} '''Noka ya Lukuga''' (ka teme ya Swahili: Mto Lukuga) ke noka e e tshelang kwa nokeng ya Lualaba kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC) e e tshelwang ke [[letsha la Tanganyika]]. Ga e a tlwaelesega ka gore go elela ga yone go a farologana ka dipaka le go farologana ga seemo sa loapi. == Lefelo == Noka ya Lukuga e elela mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa bokone jwa setlhaba sa Katanga. Noka e tswa mo [[Letsha la Tanganyika|letsheng la Tanganyika]] kwa Kalemie e elela ka mokgatsha o o kwa bophirima e kgabaganya kgaolo ya Tanganyika go kopana le Lualaba fa gare ga Kabalo le Kongolo.<ref>Blaes, X. (October 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100401040116/http://rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf "Découpage administratif de la République Démocratique du Congo"] (PDF). PNUD-SIG. Archived from [http://www.rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2026-06-19</ref> Noka e, e senya 18% wa metsi a a latlhegang kwa letsheng, a mangwe a latlhega ka ntlha ya go tsewa ke phefo le letsatsi.<ref>Klerkx, J.; Imanackunov, Beishen (2003). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=2TT9q-vcN8IC&pg=PA229&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Lake Issyk-Kul: its natural environment''.] Springer. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/1-4020-0900-3|<bdi>1-4020-0900-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Noka e, e na le menontshane e le mentsi thata.<ref>Davies, Bryan Robert; Walker, Keith F. (1986). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=zDjMyk4oDBkC&pg=PA206&redir_esc=y The Ecology of river systems]''. Springer. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/90-6193-540-7|<bdi>90-6193-540-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Selekanyo sa ion kwa noka ya Lukuga e tlogelang letsha teng, magnesium le potassium di feta calcium le sodium, se bakiwa ke diteng tsa metsi kwa go phatlogeng ga lefatshe kwa Albertine, jaaka go ntse gape kwa dikgorong tsa letsha la Kivu le la Edward.<ref>Likens, Gene E. (2010). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=v5VHWWrK_SsC&pg=PA294&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''River ecosystem ecology: a global perspective : a derivative of Encyclopedia of inland waters''.] Academic Press. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-12-381998-7|<bdi>978-0-12-381998-7</bdi>.]]</ref> Mafaratlhatlha a gompieno a noka a ka tswa a dirilwe mo bosheng fa molelo o o kgwilweng ke lekgwamolelo la Virunga o kganela metsi go elelela kwa bokone go tswa kwa letsheng la Kivu go ya letsheng ya Edward. Ka jalo metsi a ne a simolola go elelela kwa borwa mo letsheng la Tanganyika a feta ka noka ya Ruzizi. pele ga se se diragala, letsha la Tanganyika le ka tswa le ne le sena phaephe e e ntshang metsi le latlhegelwa ke metsi ka go tsewa ke phefo le letsatsi.<ref name=":0">Clark, John Desmond (1969). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=_r08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA35&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Kalambo Falls prehistoric site, Volume 1''.] CUP Archive.</ref> Noka ya Lukuga e kgatlha baitseanape ba metsi ka seelosa metsi a a mo go yone go tswa kwa letsheng se farologana nako le nako.<ref>Gupta, Avijit (2008). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=bx7uuYmAkaMC&pg=PA296&redir_esc=y ''Large Rivers: Geomorphology and Management''.] John Wiley & Sons. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-470-72371-5|<bdi>978-0-470-72371-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Go elela ga noka go kwa godimo ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong, go kwa tlase ka Ngwanatsele, go tsamaelana le go farologana ga dipaka mo letsheng. <ref name=":1">[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=2TT9q-vcN8IC&pg=PA229&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Klerkx & Imanackunov 2003,] p. 229.</ref>Noka e, e amiwa thata ke go farologana ga seemo sa loapi ga nako e telele, jaaka motlha wa pula e ntsi kwa bokone jwa Aforika o o neng o bidiwa Neolithic Subpluvial ka dingwaga di le dikete nne pele ga ga Keresete.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=v5VHWWrK_SsC&pg=PA294&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Likens 2010,] p. 294.</ref> Fa e sale ka 1965 metsi a atswang a oketsegile, le ntswa metsi a a tswang kwa Congo a ile kwa tlase.<ref name=":1" /> Noka ya Lukuga e nnile mo bosheng, e dira tsela ya gore ditshedi tsa metsi kwa kgampung ya Congo di kgone go tsena kwa letsheng la Tanganyika.<ref>Hughes, R. H.; Hughes, J. S. (1992). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA562&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false A directory of African wetlands]''. IUCN. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/2-88032-949-3|<bdi>2-88032-949-3</bdi>.]]</ref> Noka e,e na le dikubu le dikwena.<ref name=":2">Inbar, Michael (2010-12-21). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110514172912/http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/40764193/ns/today-today_people/t/horror-congo-croc-attack-kills-legendary-guide#.TuTG3LKImuI "Horror in the Congo: Croc attack kills legendary guide".] MSNBC. Archived from [https://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/40764193/ns/today-today_people/t/horror-congo-croc-attack-kills-legendary-guide/#.TuTG3LKImuI the original] on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2026-06-19</ref> Go na le mabolokelo a magala mo lotshitshing lwa dinoka tse di tshelang mo go yone kwa bokone jwa Kalemie le Moluba.<ref>Kisangani, Emizet F.; Bobb, F. Scott (2010). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=FvAWPTaRvFYC&pg=PA319&redir_esc=y "Lukuga River".] ''Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo''. Scarecrow Press. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-5761-2|<bdi>978-0-8108-5761-2</bdi>.]]</ref> == Dingwaga tsa pele == Noka ya Lukuga kwa bokone, Letsha la Tanganyika, [[noka ya Luvua]] kwa borwa le Lualaba di dira lefelo le pele le neng le nniwa ke batho ba morafe wa Hemba kwa bophirima le ba Tumbwe kwa botlhaba kwa dithabeng. Batho ba Kasanga ba lotso lwa Tumbwe ba ne ba eteletse pele dikgaolo tse dipotlana mo kgaolong e.<ref name=":3">Reefe, Thomas Q. (1981). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C&pg=PA124&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false The rainbow and the kings: a history of the Luba Empire to 1891]''. University of California Press. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-520-04140-2|<bdi>0-520-04140-2</bdi>.]]</ref> Lukuga kwa tlase le Lualaba e ne e le tsone ditsela tsa tlhaeletsanyo, mekgatsha ya noka e ne e sena palo ya batho e ntsi.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C&pg=PA124&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Reefe 1981], p. 131</ref> Ka dingwaga tsa 1800, mo sephatlong sa bobedi sa go busa ga kgosi wa Luba Ilunga Sungu, masole a Luba a ne a dira dithaselo kwa Lualaba tse ka nako nngwe di neng tsa goroga kwa Kalemie. Batho bangwe ba morafe wa Luba ba ne ba thibelela kwa kagolong e, batho ba kwa Kalemie ba ne ba le ka fa tlase ga kgatelelo ya ba Luba mo bogosing jwa ga Kumwimbe Ngombe le Ilunga Kabale.<ref name=":3" /> Morafe wa Luba o ne wa fetola molao wa gre kgosi ya molelo e tshwanetse go laola dikgaolo tsa bogosi jaaka kgaolo ya Luvua-Lukuga, kgosi wa koo a lekana le kgosi wa Luba. Ditshaba tsa sephiri di bidiwa Bamdudye le Bakasandji ba ne ba itsisiwe mo kgaolong, dipolelo tsa ditso tsa bone di ne tsa thusa go nonotsha bogosi jwa dikgosi tsa molelo. Dipolelo tse morago di ne tsa dirisiwa ke batho ba Holoholo ka dingwaga tsa 1900.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C&pg=PA124&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Reefe 1981,] p. 127.</ref> Kgaolo ya Hemba ya ga Kyombo Mkubwa e ne ya tsalana le bogosi jwa Luba.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C&pg=PA124&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Reefe 1981,] p. 126.</ref> Le fa go ntse jalo, pele ga batho ba Yuropa ba goroga, Simbi, morwa Msiri o ne a fudela fa a tswa kwa borwa, a tlhama botsalano le baeteledipele ba Hemba khatlhanong le Tippu Tip, ba ntsha Kyombo Mkubwa mo bogosing jwa Luba.<ref>[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Yz8cv9-JlN0C&pg=PA124&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Reefe 1981,] p. 178.</ref> == Botsalano jwa Yuropa == [[Setshwantsho:Stanley's Lake Tanganyika.jpg|thumb|Tsela e ntsho e supa tsela ya ga Stanley]] Ka dingwaga tsa 1871 [[David Livingstone]] o ne a lemoga tsela mo dithabeng e ba Logumba ba neng ba feta ka yone, a ntsha kakanyo ya gore noka e ka tswa e le motswedi wa letsha la Tanganyika, le gore go ka tswa go na le metswedi e mengwe kwa bokone.<ref>Blackwood (1877). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=PHNIAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA702&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Twenty Years of African Travel".] ''Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine''. '''121'''. William Blackwood.</ref> Verney Lovett Cameron o gorogile kwa nokeng kwa e tlogelang letsha ka Motsheganong 1874 a le mo loetong lwa gagwe go kgabanya Aforika go tswa botlhaba go ya bophirima. O ne a netefatsa gore ke one motswedi fela kwa letsha la Tanganyika, mme a retelelwa ke go bona motho o o ka mo supegetsang kwa tlase ga noka go netefatsa gore e elelela kwa Lualaba.<ref>Cameron, Verney Lovett (1876). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=fkCIW4K8-08C&pg=PA312&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Sketch of a Journey Across Africa Part II"]. ''The living age''. Vol. 130. The Living Age Co. Inc.</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1876 Henry Morton Stanley o ne a etela letsha. Fa a goroga, seelo sa letsha se ne se le kwa tlase o ne a tlhalosa Lukuga fa e le molatswana fela o o yang kwa bophirima ka sebaka. Le fa go ntse jalo, o ne a dumalana gore fa seelosa letsha se ya kwa godimo, Lukuiga e tlaa nna motswedi.<ref>Moore (1878). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=Z0dKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA125&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "African Exploration".] ''Friends' Intelligencer''. '''34'''. Wm. W. Moore.</ref> Go lebega fa motlhaba o kokoane go kgabaganya molomo wa noka, go baka gore motlhaab o nne kwa morago ga noka.<ref name=":0" /> Ka ngwaga wa 1879 joseph Thomson o ne a ya kwa Kasenge a tswa Pambete, a tsamaya mo lefatsheng le le makgwakgwa. O ne a lemoga gore molatswana wa Lukuga ke noka e tona e e elelang ka bofefo. O ne a sala morago motsamao wa noka malatsi a le mmala, mme banni ba ba dikgoka ba kgaolo ba ne ba kganela metsamao ya gagwe go ya pele.<ref>Burke, Edmund (1881). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=PzkJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA435&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false The Annual register of world events: a review of the year, Volume 122]''. Longmans, Green.</ref> Fa Hermann von Wissman a goroga kwa nokeng ka 1882 o ne a bona gore noka e godile ebile e bofefo. O ne alemoga gape gore seelo sa letsha ke dimithara di le nne le borobabobedi kwa tlase ga letshwao la metsi le le kwa godimo thata.<ref name=":0" /> == Gompieno == Ka ngwaga wa 2008, kwa Lukuga go ne go kgotlhelesegile kwa e tsenang kwa Lualaba.<ref>O'Brien, Gerard (2008). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=-1e4hmZPt3wC&pg=PA91&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false A Mighty Big River]''. Lulu.com. ISBN <bdi>978-1-4092-1802-9</bdi>.</ref> Ka Morule 2010 mosekaseki wa [[Aforika Borwa]] o o itsegeng thata Hendrik Coetzee o ne a ntshiwa mo mokorwaneng wa gagwe a bolawa ke kwena.<ref name=":2" /> == Metswedi == bb4x947s8y4rl4q9qqgnmv9qis801hp 0 13761 51064 2026-06-19T12:47:48Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Letsha la Rukwa #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 51064 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letsha la Rukwa''' ke letsha le le sa tsheleng metsi kwa metsweding e mengwe kwa mokgatsheng wa wa Rukwa kwa Songwe, kgaolo ya Katavi kwa borwa bophirima jwa [[Tanzania]]. Letsha le, ke la boraro ka botona mo lefatsheng leo. == Popego == Letsha le le botlha la Rukwa le kwa gare ga [[letsha la Tanganyika]] le [[letsha la Malawi]] kwa dimithareng di le makgolo a robabobedi kwa godimo. Sephatlho sa letsha se kwa Uwanda Game Reserve.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111122200601/http://www.utalii.com/Rukwa/Uwanda_Game_Reserve.htm "Rukwa Uwanda Game Reserve".] Utalii Travel and Safari. Archived from [http://www.utalii.com/Rukwa/Uwanda_Game_Reserve.htm the original] on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 19 June 2026</ref> == Modikologo wa metsi == Letsha le itemogetse dipharologanyo tse ditona mo dingwageng, ka ntlha ya ya gofarologana ga metsi a a tsenang. Gompieno le boleele jwa dikhilomithara di lekgolo le masome a robabobedi le bophara jwa dikhilomithara di le masome a mararo le bobedi, mo raya gore le dikhilomithara di le dikete di le tlhano, makgolo a supa le masome a marataro ka selekanyo.<ref>Google Earth accessed 19 June 2026</ref> Ka ngwaga wa 1929 le ne le le boleele jwa dikhilomithara di le masome a mane le borobabobedi, mme ka 1939 le ne le le dikhilomithara di le lekgolo, masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ka boleele le bophara jwa dikhilomithara di le masome mane.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Rukwa Encyclopædia Britannica Online/Lake Rukwa]</ref> Ka nako ya go phatloga ga bontlha jo jwa Aforika ga ntlha, kgampu ya letsha la Rukwa le ka tswa ka dinako tse dingwe le ne le le bontlha jwa kgampu e tona e e neng e akaretsa dikgampu tsa matsha a Tanganyika le Malawi, matshitshi a bogologolo a supa letsatsi la go tshologela kwa letsheng la Tanganyika ga 33,000 BP.<ref>Lévêque, Christian (1997). ''Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation: The Freshwater Fish of Tropical Africa''. [[:en:Cambridge_University_Press|Cambridge University Press]]. p. 110.</ref> Gore go nne le tshologo gape, go tsholetsega ga letsha go tlaa tshwanelwa ke go nna dimithara dil makgolo a robabongwe. Go tshologela kwa letsheng la Malawi go ka se kgonege gone jaana, ka tselana e e fa gare ga dikgampu e le kwa godimo ka dimithara di le dikete pedi.<ref>Google Maps</ref> (Letsha laTanganyika le la Malawi a ka tshologela kwa letsheng la Rukwa ka a setse a tshologela kwa lewatleng la Atlantic le Indian). Go na la kokoano ya ditshipi di tshwabna le Zinc, mercury, copper, lead, chromium le nickel mo seretseng, metsi le ditlhapi tsa Clarius gariepinus kwa letsheng la Rukwa.<ref>Mapenzi, Levinus Leonard; Shimba, Moses Joel; Moto, Edward Angelo; Maghembe, Reuben Silas; Mmochi, Aviti John (January 2020). "Heavy metals bio-accumulation in tilapia and catfish species in Lake Rukwa ecosystem Tanzania". ''Journal of Geochemical Exploration''. '''208''' 106413. doi:[https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0375674218306241 10.1016/j.gexplo.2019.106413]. ISSN [https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0375-6742 0375-6742.]</ref> == Go epololwa ga Helium == Ka ngwaga wa 2016, dimithara di le bilone e le nngwe tsa gase ya helium di ne tsa bonwa kwa letsheng la Rukwa tsa tlhwatlhwa ya dibilone tse tharo le botlhano.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160828202951/http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Helium--could-earn-Tanzania--3-5bn-/-/1840340/3284646/-/awfffj/-/index.html "Helium 'could earn Tanzania $3.5bn'".] ''www.thecitizen.co.tz''. July 8, 2016. Archived from [https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/Helium--could-earn-Tanzania--3-5bn-/-/1840340/3284646/-/awfffj/-/index.html the original] on August 28, 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2026</ref> == Metswedi == bimdwiusytzo9uijw9o857nrm5tvmg5 0 13762 51068 2026-06-19T13:19:30Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya noka ya Lualaba #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 51068 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lualaba River DRC.svg|thumb|Noka ya lualaba, ka bohibidu]] '''Noka ya Lualaba''' (teme ya French: '''Riviere Lualaba''', Kongo: '''Nzadi Lualamba''', [[Swahili]]: '''Mto Lualamba)''' ke noka e e kwa [[Noka ya Congo|nokeng ya Congo]] e e elelelang kwa botlhaba jwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Le ntswa [[noka ya Chambeshi]] e lemogiwa e le motswedi wa [[noka ya Congo]], noka ya Lualaba ke yone e isang metsi a le mantsi kwa nokeng ya Congo. Noka ya Lualaba e dikhilomithara di le sekete, makgolo a robabobedi ka boleele. Molo wa yone o kwa sekhutlhwaneng se se kwa borwa botlhaba gaufi le Musofi le Lumbumbashi kwa kgaolong ya Katanga, gaufi le [[Zambia Copperbelt]]. == Motsamao wa yone == Motswedi wa noka ya Lualaba o kwa setlhabeng sa Katanga, dimithara di le sekete le makgolo a mane kwa godimo ga seelo sa lewatle. Noka e elelela kwa bokone go felela gaufi le Kisangani, kwa leina la [[noka ya Congo]] le simologang teng. Go tswa kwa setlhabeng sa Katanga noka e elelela kwa tlase kwa setlhabeng sa Manika e feta ka diphororo mo tseleng. Fa e feta ka Upemba dimithara di le makgolo a mane, masome a matlhano le bosupa. Gaufi le diphororo tsa Nzilo e dirilwe letamo go fetlha motlakase kwa [[Letamo la Nzilo|letamong la Nzilo]]. Kwa [[Bukama]] kwa kgaolong ya Haut-Lomami noka e a tsamaega dikhilomithara di le makgolo a marataro le masome amane e feta ka makadiba a a kwa Upemba a akaretsa [[letsha la Upemba]] le [[letsha la Kisale]]. Ankoro o kwa bophirima jwa lotshitshi lwa noka ya Lualaba, go lebagana le bokopano jwa yone le [[noka ya Luvua]] go tswa kwa botlhaba. Baitsenanape ba popego ya lefatshe bangwe ba bitsa noka e e kopaneng kwa tlase ga lefelo le Upper Congo.<ref>Day, Trevor; Garratt, Richard (2006). [https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=IUwrHulGQmYC&pg=PA61&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false "Congo (Zaire) River".] ''Lakes and rivers''. Infobase Publishing. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-8160-5328-6|<bdi>0-8160-5328-6</bdi>.]]</ref> Kwa tlase ga Kongolo, noka ga e tsamaege ka e tsena mokgatsha o mosesane wa Portes d'Enfer. Fa gare ga Kagongo le Kibombo, noka e a tsamaega dikhilomithara di le lekgolo, pele ga makubukubu a dira gore e seka ya tsamaega fa gare ga Kibombo le Kindu. Go tswa Kindu go ya diphororong tsa Boyoma kwa Ubundu, molatswana o a tsamaega gape, sebaka sa dikhilomithara di le lekgolo tsa noka, fa gare ga Ubundu le Kisangani. Bofelelo jwa noka bo tshwaiwa morago ga diphorororo tsa bosupa, gaufi le Kisangano, kwa e nnang noka ya Congo teng. Noka ya Lualaba e bereka e le molelwane wa bokone le bophirima jwa Upemba National Park, e sireletsa mafelo a bonno kwa setlhabeng sa Kibara kwa kgaolong ya Katanga kwa borwa botlhaba jwa Democratic Republic of the Congo. === Metswedi === Metswedi e metona ya noka ya Lualaba ke: * [[Noka ya Ulindi]] * [[Noka ya Luama]] * [[Noka ya Lukuga]] * [[Noka ya Lufira]] * [[Noka ya Lubudi]] * [[Noka ya Luvua]] * [[Noka ya Elila]] * [[Lowa]] * [[Noka ya Kilungutwe]] [[Setshwantsho:Stanley's Congo.jpg|thumb|Tsela e ntsho e supa tsela e e tsamailweng ke Stanley]] === Ditoropo === Ditoropo tse di gaufi le noka ya Lualaba di akaretsa: * [[Ankoro]] * [[Bukama]] * [[Kabalo]] * [[Kasongo]] * [[Kongolo]] * [[Kisangani]] * [[Ubundu]] == Ditso == Noka ya Lualaba pele e ne e bonwa e ka nna motswedi wa Nile, go fitlhelela Henry Morton Stanley a tsaya loeto mo go yone a supa fa e tshela kwa lewatleng la Atlantic.<ref name=":0">Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0486256677|0486256677]]</bdi>, Vol. Two ISBN 0486256685</ref> Stanley o ne a e bitsa Livingstone. "Fa livingstone a ne a ise ke a bue ka noka e kwa Nyangwe e le Lualaba, ke ka bo ke sa bua lefoko fa e se tshenyo ya Waguha ya lefoko la Wenya la Lu-al-ow-wa".<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == 5rwkk0e02fyrxw76fe6gfyrweytt8tk 0 13763 51074 2026-06-19T13:56:19Z JudithShe 9421 Ke ranotse tsebe ya Noka ya Luama #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA 51074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Luama''' ke motswedi wa [[noka ya Lualaba]] kwa [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC). == Lefelo == Noka ya Luama e tlhatloga kwa dithabeng kwa bophirima jwa [[letsha la Tanganyika]] kwa kgaolong ya Kalemie kwa Tanganyika, E elelela kwa bokone le bokone-bophirima go ya kgaolong ya Kabambare kwa Maniema, e bo e fapogela kwa borwa-bophirima, e tsena kwa Lualaba kwa godimo ga Kasongo.<ref>Blaes, X. (October 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100401040116/http://rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf "Découpage administratif de la République Démocratique du Congo"] (PDF). PNUD-SIG. Archived from [http://www.rgc.cd/doctech/UNDP-GIS-25_RDC_administratif.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2026-06-19</ref> Noka e na le metswedi e le metlhano kwa dithabeng, e le mebedi e dimithara di le dikete pedi kwa godimo. Dikgaolo tsa molomo wa yone kwa Pene Mende di akaretsa mafaratlhatlha a lefelo le le bokgola dikhilomithara di le lekgolo le masome a mararo ka boleele, di apesa bophara jwa diheketara di le dikete di le masome a marataro. kwa tlase ga lefelo le le bokgola le, noka e na le diphororo di le tharo le makhubu a le mmalwa a mabotlana. Noka ya Luama e tsena kwa Lulaba go tswa kwa botlhaba morago ga makhubu a a kwa tlase ga Kangolo le pele ga Lulaba e fapogela kwa bokone-bophirima kwa godimo ga Kibombo.<ref>Hughes, R. H.; Hughes, J. S. (1992). ''[https://books.google.co.bw/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA544&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false A directory of African wetlands]''. IUCN. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/2-88032-949-3|<bdi>2-88032-949-3</bdi>.]]</ref> == Dipatlisiso tsa Yuropa == Mmatlisisi Henry Morton Stanley o ne a etela noka e ka Phalane ngwaga wa 1876. O ne a bua se ka batho: "ba rata batho, ba letla batswakwa go dirisa bonno jwa bone ba sa ba lope sepe. Dipanana le dipalntain di monate thata == Metswedi == 3bfttj5j9vjzpq7ngilpqfmx9o6xrjj 0 13764 51081 2026-06-19T14:51:13Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA LAMIA 51081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Lamia''' ke noka kwa bophirima jwa lefatshe la Uganda kwa Kgaolong ya Bundibugyo. E elela gaufi le Semuliki National Park.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110602/http://www.visituganda.com/beta/menu/category/what-to-see/water_bodies/lamia-river "Lamia River - Visit Uganda"]. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.</ref> == Tsela le kgogolego == '''Noka ya Lamia''' le ya Lower Semuliki drainage e elela go ya kwa bophirima go tswa kwa Rwenzori snowfields go ya kwa lefelong la Lower Semuliki.<ref name=":0">[https://kudos.dfo.no/documents/15967/files/16137.pdf Semliki River Catchment Management Project: Final Evaluation Report] (PDF) (Report). WWF. 2012. p. 16. Retrieved 16 December 2025</ref> Tlhaloso ya melelwane mo Molaotheong wa [[Uganda]] (1967) e baya molelwane wa boditšhabatšhaba go bapa le thalweg ya Noka ya Lamia kwa tlase ga noka go ya kwa go kopanngwang le Noka ya Semuliki, go tswa foo go bapa le Noka ya Semuliki go ya kwa Letsheng la Albert.<ref>[https://worldstatesmen.org/Uganda-Constitution1967.pdf The Constitution of Uganda, 1967 (as amended)] (PDF) (Report). WorldStatesmen.org. Retrieved 16 December 2025</ref> Go ya ka kgaolo ya Semuliki, Noka ya Lamia le karolo e e kwa tlase ya Semuliki ke karolo ya molelwane wa boditšhabatšhaba magareng ga Uganda le DRC. == Mafelo a a Sireleditsweng le Tikologo == Serapa sa Bosetšhaba sa Semuliki se mo Mokgatšheng wa Semuliki, mme Noka ya Semuliki e dira molelwane wa boditšhabatšhaba go ya kwa bokone, mme Noka ya Lamia e kgabaganya serapa go ya kwa bophirima.<ref>Forbes, Scott (2018-05-21). [https://www.metamorphosis.org.za/articlesPDF/1459/2018.05.21%20Metamorphosis%2029_14-21%20Forbes.pdf "The butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidia) of Semuliki National Park, western Uganda"] (PDF). ''Metamorphosis''. '''29''': 14–21. Retrieved 16 December 2025</ref> Ditshwantsho tsa National Forestry Authority tsa serapa sa diphologolo di tlhalosa Serapa sa diphologolo sa Semuliki sa Bosetšhaba jaaka se se mo molelwaneng wa dinoka tsa Semliki le Lamia.<ref>[https://www.nfa.org.ug/national-parks/semuliki-national-park/ "Semuliki National Park". ''National Forestry Authority''] ''(Uganda)''. Retrieved 16 December 2025</ref> == Go laola metswedi ya metsi == Porojeke e e tshegediwang ke WWF ya Semuliki River Catchment and Water Resources Management Project e ne ya supa noka ya Lamia le kgaolo ya Lower Semuliki jaaka karolo e e botlhokwa ya go tshwara metsi ka nako ya go lekola go tsenelela ga metsi. <ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == mx4u4qvo2hrbrxj2syl527eetaref5k 0 13765 51086 2026-06-19T15:05:38Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA ISHASHA 51086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Ishasha''' ke noka e e kwa borwabophirima jwa lefatshe la [[Uganda]], e e bopang karolo ya molelwane le [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]. E elela go tswa kwa motsweding wa yone kwa bokone jwa Kabale go ya kwa molomong wa yone kwa Letsheng la Edward.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/@-0.8569821,29.8096055,103541m/data=!3m1!1e3 "Southwestern Uganda".] ''Google Maps''. Google. Retrieved 10 June 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=10/-0.9585/29.7764 "Ishasha River course"]. ''OpenStreetMap''. Retrieved 10 June 2018</ref>Boleele jwa yone bo ka nna dikilometara di le lekgolo (100 (62 mi) go itlhokomolosa meander e le mentsi e mennye.<ref>Makanga, Samuel (2022-11-09). [https://www.primeugandasafaris.com/at-the-river-ishasha/ "At The River Ishasha". ''Prime Uganda Safaris''.] Retrieved 2024-06-19</ref> == Tlhaloso == Noka eno e tswa mo ditselaneng tsa metsi tse di leng mo masimong a temothuo a a dikilometara di le masome a mabedi kwa bokonebophirima jwa Kabale. E elela kwa bokonebophirima go ralala mekgatšha ya dithaba go fitlha fa e tsenang teng mo karolong e e kwa bokone ya Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. Go tswa foo, e tswelela go ya kwa bokonebophirima kafa tlase ga sekgwa se segolo go ya kwa letamong la Kanungu, e leng karolo ya Seteishene sa Motlakase sa Kanungu, se gape se itsegeng e le Seteishene sa Motlakase sa Ishasha. Fa e tswa mo lefelong la go fetlha motlakase, e ya kwa bokonebophirima go ralala naga e e dithaba go fitlha e kopana le molelwane wa Uganda le Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Morago ga go retologela kwa bokone, e tswelela pele go feta toropo ya DRC ya Ishasha kwa ntlheng ya borwa ya Queen Elizabeth National Park (QENP). E sala e le molelwane wa bophirima wa QENP go fitlha e tsena mo mafelong a a nang le metsi mo lotshitshing lwa Letsha la Edward.<ref>Makanga, Samuel (2022-11-09). "At The River Ishasha". ''Prime Uganda Safaris''. Retrieved 2024-06-07</ref><ref>admin (2023-03-22). [https://www.gorillatrekafrica.com/explore-the-ishasha-wilderness-of-queen-elizabeth-national-park/ "Explore the Ishasha wilderness of Queen Elizabeth National Park"]. Retrieved 2024-06-19</ref> == Metswedi == om8pluv7nl9dgzi0sfvmfnya0h5dn7m 0 13766 51087 2026-06-19T15:53:43Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA HOANIB 51087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Hoanib''' ke nngwe ya dinoka tse di lesome le bobedi tse di kgabaganyang nako e le nngwe kwa bophirima jwa [[Namibia]], koo e kileng ya bo e le molelwane magareng ga bokone jwa Damaraland le Kaokoland. Boleele jwa yone ke dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le bosupa . Ka go nna le palo e e kwa tlase ya batho mo kgaolong eo, go nna le mofuta wa oase mo mokgatšheng wa noka le go nna le diphologolo tse dintsi tsa naga mo Hoanib, go tshwana le kwa Hoarusib, mokgatšhe wa yone ke nngwe ya mafelo a bofelo a go sa nneng batho mo go one mo Namibia. Ke nngwe ya mafelo a bofelo a ditlou tsa sekaka di nnang mo go one, e na le diphefo tse di maatla le metsi a a kgoreleditseng, ditsha tsa matlapa a a senyegileng (a a fitlhang go lesome ka bo tona). Metsi a a tsenang mo Hoanib ke Noka ya Aap, Noka ya Otjitaimo, Ombonde, Ganamub, Mudorib le Tsuxub.<ref name=":0">[http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia''] (PDF 8.7MB). Windhoek: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. pp. 126–127. ISBN <bdi>9991670947</bdi>.</ref> == Thekenoloji ya metsi == Go lekanyetswa gore metsi a noka ya Hoanib (go akarediwa le dinoka tse di e dikologileng) a magareng ga dikete tse lesome le botlhano , makgolo a supa le masome a marataro <ref>Strohbach, B.J. (2008). [http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf "Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia"] (PDF 1.0MB). ''Agricola''. '''2008''': 63–73. ISSN 1015-2334. OCLC 940637734</ref>le dikete tse lesome le bosupa le makgolo a mabedi (6,600 sq mi).<ref name=":0" />E atologa go tswa kwa lobopong lwa bophirima go ya kwa Ojiovasando le kwa Black Peaks ya kwa tengteng. Gape e akaretsa kgaolo e e humileng ka metswedi ya Sesfontein, Warmquelle le Khowarib Gorge. Ntlha e e kwa godimo ya metsi ke dimetara di le sekete le makgolo a robabobedi . Pula e na ka sewelo mo kgaolong e e nang le metsi mme e farologana go tswa go lefela kwa bophirima go ya go makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi le botlhano (325 mm) (12.8 in) ka ngwaga kwa bokone-botlhaba. Dimpho di le masome a supa le motso tsa lefelo leno di na le metsi a a ka fa tlase ga dimilimetara di le lekgolo ka ngwaga. Mo dimphong di le lesome le bobedi fela tsa lefelo le pula e nang mo go lone go na le pula e e fetang dimilimetara di le makgolo a mararo ka ngwaga.<ref name=":0" />Noka ya Hoanib e elela fela dingwaga dingwe le dingwe di le mmalwa ka ntlha ya dipula tse di maatla tse di nang mo karolong e e kwa morago ya lefelo le le nang le metsi, mme ka nako eo makhubu a morwalela a ka nna bogodimo jwa dimetara di le mmalwa mme a ka tsaya malatsi a le mmalwa. Ga se ka metlha, mme gantsi mo dingwageng tsa bosheng jaana, metsi a fitlha kwa molomong wa lewatle la Atlantic. Karolo e kgolo ya metsi e elela mo go yone e bo e dira gore go nne le metsi a mantsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe a a tswang mo mafelong a a farologaneng a noka, ka jalo le mo dingwageng tsa komelelo go na le metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe. Metsi a a dikologileng a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe a dira dithunya tse di dirisiwang ke di-antelope di le dintsi go tlhafuna letswai. Ka dinako tsa komelelo, tlou ya sekaka sa Hoanib e epa mesima e e boteng gore e fitlhe kwa metsing a a kwa tlase ga lefatshe. == Dimela le dimela == Dimela tsa lefelo le le nang le metsi di akaretsa savanna ya Mopane (masome a robabobedi le bosupa) le bokone jwa Namib, ka lesome le boraro (lesome le boraro ).<ref name=":0" />Dikokoano tse dingwe tse dikgolo tsa ditlhare tsa Ana (Faidherbia albida), Leadwood (Combretum imberbe), Mopane (Colophospermum mopane), Camel Thorn (Acacia erioloba), Salvadora le Euclea di fitlhelwa mo dikgweng tsa digalase. Gantsi mo mafelong ano a a bongola go tlhoga bojang jo bo bogale le matlhaka a a bogodimo jwa dimetara di le mmalwa. Ka dikgwa tsa yone tsa dikgwa le mafelo a a nang le metsi a magolo mo Khowarib gorge, mo kgaolong e e nang le merwalela kwa botlhaba jwa Sesfontein le kwa tlase ga noka le mo lefelong la molomo, Hoanib ke lefelo le le omeletseng mo tikologong e e omileng, e tlamela ka botshelo jwa diphologolo tse di tlhaga tse di humileng. Mo godimo ga palo e kgolo ya mefuta e mentsi ya di-antelope tse di fitlhelwang kwa tlase ga noka ya Hoanib, gape go na le palo e kgolo ya ditlou tsa sekaka (di ka nna masome a mararo le botlhano ), ditshukudu, ditshukudu, mmogo le ditau di le mmalwa le dibatana tse dinnye. == Go dirisiwa le go nna teng == Pesente dile masome a robabongwe le motso ya kgaolo ya go thapa metsi e mo Lefatsheng la Bommasepala mo pusong ya morafe; pesente tse tharo mo lefatsheng la poraefete mo dipolaseng di le lesome le bobedi mme borataro e mo kgaolong ya Skeleton Coast National Park. Palo ya baagi e lekanyediwa go nna dikete tse robabongwe le makgolo a mabedi . Ditikwatikwe tsa bonno ke Sesfontein le Warmquelle le Otjivasando. Naga eno e dirisiwa thata go dira mafulo. Bojanala jwa batho ka bongwe le jwa go batla boitemogelo bo ntse bo nna botlhokwa koo. Kwa bophirima jwa Sesfontein, Mokgatšha wa Hoanib ke wa kgaolo ya konteraka ya Desert Adventure Safaris. Go oketsega ga bojanala, mme gape le kgatelelo ya go fula ya baagi ba selegae le bopelotshetlha jwa meepo di tlhagisa matshosetsi a a golang mo tikologong eno e e kgethegileng.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == bicju0kpe509vfs3zxqzxed4z91gbsd 0 13767 51088 2026-06-19T16:03:07Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA HOARUSIB 51088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Hoarusib''' ke noka ya nakwana e e mo Kgaolong ya Kunene kwa bokonebophirima jwa lefatshe la [[Namibia]]. Motswedi wa yone o gaufi le toropokgolo ya kgaolo ya Opuwo, mme noka e elela go ralala Dithaba tsa Tonnesen le Giraffe go tsena mo Lewatleng la [[Atlantic]]. <ref>[http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia''] (PDF 8.7MB). Windhoek: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. pp. 124–125.</ref>Noka ya Hoarusib ka dinako tse dingwe e na le metsi a a tswang mo godimo ga lefatshe ka nako ya dipula go tloga ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele go ya ko kgwedimg ya Tlhakole go ya ko go ya Mopitlo. Lefelo le le nang le metsi la Hoarusib ke 15,237 square kilometres (5,883 sq mi).<ref>Strohbach, B.J. (2008). [http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf "Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia"] (PDF 1.0MB). ''Agricola''. '''2008''': 63–73. ISSN 1015-2334. OCLC 940637734</ref> Go belaesega gore leina la Hoarusib le simologile mo thutafatshe ya karolo eno jaaka lefoko la Se-Nama "! naruseb" e kaya "metsi a a sokameng le go retologa mo moseleng o o pitlaganeng". <ref>[https://tracks4africa.co.za/listings/item/w186002/hoarisib-viewpoint/ "Tracks4Africa".] ''Tracks4Africa''. Retrieved 2017-06-27.</ref>E itsege ka mabota a yone a a motsu a a dirilweng ka matlapa a mmala o montsho le o mohibidu a lekgwamolelo, le ditlhare tse di sa tlwaelegang tsa makalani tse di golang mo ditlhareng tse di neng di tshologetswe go tswa kwa godimo. Gape gaufi le mabopo go na le "matlo a letsopa" a a bopilweng ke go kobega ga letsopa ka iketlo le kgogolego ya lone.<ref>[https://www.flickr.com/photos/ryan_roxx/4134063399 "Clay Castles".] ''Flickr''. Retrieved 2017-06-27.</ref> == Metswedi == spnexs460g2bbkyvjognxv21o2t15xc 0 13768 51089 2026-06-19T16:13:20Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA KHUMIB 51089 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Khumib-Region.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Khumib]] '''Noka ya Khumib''' ke noka ya nakwana e e kgabaganyang Kgaolo ya Kunene kwa bokonebophirima jwa [[Namibia]]. Ka dinako tse dingwe e na le metsi a a tswang mo godimo ga lefatshe ka paka ya dipula ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele le kgwedi ya Tlhakole go ya ko kgweding ya Mopitlo.Lefelo la yone la go gelela metsi le lekanyetswa fa gare ga dikete tse pedi le makgolo a mabedi (2200) <ref name=":0">Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''[http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia]'' (PDF 8.7MB). Windhoek: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. pp. 122–123. ISBN <bdi>9991670947</bdi>.</ref>le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a mararo (2,300) square kilometres (890 sq mi).<ref>Strohbach, B.J. (2008). [http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf "Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia"] (PDF 1.0MB). ''Agricola''. '''2008''': 63–73. ISSN 1015-2334. OCLC 940637734</ref> Noka ya Khumib e simologa gaufi le Orupembe kwa bokonebophirima jo bo kgakala jwa Kunene. Go tswa foo noka eno e ya kwa bophirima go ya kwa Lebopong la Skeleton mme e elela mo Sekakeng sa Namib. E tswa gangwe le gape fela mo Lewatleng la Atlantic.<ref name=":0" /> == Metswedi == suavo6d854psxbmkqcxlb7r889ypsyp 0 13769 51090 2026-06-19T16:55:37Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA EISEB 51090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Eiseb''', e e itsiweng gape jaaka Eiseb Omuramba, ke noka ya nakwana kgotsa omuramba mo Sekakeng sa Kalahari kwa botlhaba jwa Namibia le bokone-bophirima jwa [[Botswana]]. Ke karolo ya Eiseb-Epukiro drainage system mme e elela kwa botlhaba go ya [[Okavango Delta]].<ref name=":0">Thomas, David S. G.; Shaw, Paul A. (1991). [https://the-eis.com/elibrary/sites/default/files/downloads/literature/The_Kalahari_Environment.pdf ''The Kalahari Environment'' (PDF)]. Cambridge University Press. ISBN <bdi>9780521370806</bdi>.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/MAWF_IWRM%20booklet%20Eiseb-Epukiro_RV2.pdf Integrated Water Resources Management: Eiseb-Epukiro River Basin] (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry, Namibia. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref> Noka eno ke nngwe ya dinoka di le mmalwa tse di nang le masalela a dilo tsa bogologolo kgotsa tse di kgaoganang mo karolong e e kwa bokone ya Kalahari. Fela jaaka omiramba tse dingwe, e na le metsi a a tswang fa godimo fela morago ga dipula, fa noka ya yone e na le metsi a a botlhokwa a a tswang mo metsing a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe, mafulo, mafelo a go nna batho le go dirisa metsi mo tikologong e e omileng.<ref name=":2">Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''[https://hydro-wiki.de/_media/en/projects/omaruru/1207_ephemeral-rivers-and-their-catchments.pdf Ephemeral Rivers and Their Catchments: Sustaining People and Development in Western Namibia]'' (PDF). Windhoek: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. ISBN <bdi>9991670947</bdi>. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref><ref name=":3">[https://www.meft.gov.na/files/downloads/179_ResMob-Inventory%20report2-final.pdf Development of an Inventory of Ecosystem Services in Namibia] (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Namibia. 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2026.</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == Noka ya Eiseb e kwa Kalahari sandveld kwa botlhaba jwa [[Namibia]] le bophirima jwa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] E amana le kgaolo ya Omaheke kwa Namibia mme e elela kwa botlhaba go ya kwa kgaolong e kgolo ya Okavango. <ref name=":0" />Mo lenaaneng la dinoka tsa bosetšhaba tsa Namibia, Eiseb e kgaogantswe gareng ga dinoka le omiramba e e elelang go ya kwa [[Okavango Delta]]. <ref name=":4">Strohbach, Ben J. (2008). [https://hydro-wiki.de/_media/en/projects/omaruru/strohbach_2008.pdf "Mapping the major catchments of Namibia"] (PDF). ''Agricola''. '''18''': 63–73. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref> Noka eno ke karolo ya noka ya Eiseb-Epukiro, e e fa gare ga Eiseb le Epukiro. Mosima o molelô wa [[Botswana]] kwa botlhaba, o fitlha kwa borwa kwa Gobabis, mme o akaretsa dikarolo tsa Omaheke le Otjozondjupa kwa Namibia.<ref name=":1" /> Motse o o gaufi wa Eiseb, o gape o itsegeng e le Eiseb Block, o reeletswe ka noka eno. Motse o o kwa Otjombinde mo kgaolong ya Omaheke.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151118135352/https://www.newera.com.na/2015/11/17/nguvauva-eiseb-block-declared-constituency/ "Nguvauva wants Eiseb Block to be declared a constituency"]. ''New Era''. 17 November 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref> == Moanelwa wa Omuramba == Eiseb ke omuramba, e leng lereo le le dirisiwang kwa Namibia le Botswana go tlhalosa dinoka tsa bogologolo kgotsa tse di epilweng tsa noka ya Kalahari. Di-Omiramba gantsi di nna di omile mo karolong e kgolo ya ngwaga mme di ka nna tsa nna le metsi fa pula e na thata. Gantsi di nonne go feta dipoa tsa motlhaba tsa Kalahari tse di di dikologileng ka gonne dikanala tsa tsone di na le sediments tse di boleta.<ref name=":2" /> Omiramba kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa [[Namibia]] le bokone-bophirima jwa [[Botswana]] gantsi e simolola kwa dikarolong tse di bogare tsa Namibia mme e ya kwa bogare jwa [[Botswana|Botswana.]] Go dumelwa gore bontsi jwa tsone di ne di le matlhagatlhaga thata fa maemo a bosa a ne a le bongola mo nakong e e fetileng, mme mo maemong a bosa a gone jaanong di elela fela ka dinako tse di rileng le sekgala se se lekanyeditsweng morago ga dipula. <ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> Kwa dikgweng tse di kwa bokone tsa Kalahari, dinoka tsa fossil tse di jaaka Eiseb, Epukiro, Omatako, Khaudom, Nhoma, Mpungu le Otjozondjou ke dingwe tsa dikarolo tse di botlhokwa tsa alluvial tse di kgoreletsang naga ya motlhaba. Dinoka tseno le dipanka tsa tsone gantsi di na le seretse kgotsa seretse sa mmu se se bopegileng ka mmu o o boleta mme go ya ka hisetori di ile tsa tlamela batho, leruo le diphologolo tsa naga ka metsi, e ka tswa e le metsi a a tswang fa godimo ga lefatshe morago ga pula kgotsa a tswa mo didibeng tse di seng boteng.<ref name=":3" /> == Eiseb-Epukiro basin == Mokgatšha wa Eiseb-Epukiro ke mongwe wa mekgatšha ya metsi a [[Namibia|Namibia.]] E na le kgaolo e e begilweng ya 10,665 km2 le thobo ya metsi e e lekanyeditsweng ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya go ka nna 20 million m3, segolo go tswa mo metsing a a kwa tlase ga lefatshe.<ref name=":1" /> Mokgatsha ono o botlhokwa ka gonne metsi a a mo godimo ga lefatshe ga a tlhomama, mme seno se dira gore metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe e nne one a a dirisiwang thata mo mafelong a batho ba nnang mo go one, mo diruiweng le mo dilong tse dingwe tse di dirisiwang mo lefelong leo. Mokgwa ono o tlwaelesegile kwa Kalahari omiramba, kwa mela ya kgogolego e ka nnang e omile kwa godimo mme e nna e le botlhokwa jaaka mafelo a go tlatsa gape, mafelo a a seng boteng kgotsa ditsamaiso tsa mmu tse di nang le metsi a a kwa tlase.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":5">Simmonds, A. L. E.; Smalley, T. J. (2000). [https://mme.gov.na/files/publications/05a_Simmonds%20and%20Smalley_Kalahari%20aquifers_Gam.pdf "Kalahari aquifers in the Gam area of north-eastern Namibia" (PDF). ''Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia''.] '''12''': 469–474. Retrieved 16 June 2026.</ref> Mogogoro wa Eiseb-Epukiro le one o umakiwa mo dipatlisisong tse dikgolo tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa kgaolo ya Cubango-Okavango. Pegelo ya tshekatsheko ya metsi a Noka ya Cubango-Okavango e supile mafelo a nosetso a a kwa botlhaba le bokone-botlhaba jwa Letamo la Omatako le kwa botlhaba gaufi le Otjinene mo Eiseb-Epukiro National Water Basin.<ref name=":6">[https://www.fao.org/4/i3743e/i3743e.pdf Cubango-Okavango River Basin Water Audit: Synthesis Report] (PDF) (Report). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2026.</ref> == Thutafatshe le metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe == Lefelo le le kwa tlase la Eiseb le amanngwa le Eiseb Graben, e leng lefelo le le nang le matlapa le le kwa botlhaba jwa [[Namibia]]. Tiro ya thutatlapa mo lefelong la Gam e lemogile dikgoreletsi tse di lebaganeng le bokone-botlhaba go ya kwa borwa jwa Eiseb Omuramba tse di tsamaelanang le makgotlho a matlhare a a sutlhetsweng kwa mafelong a mangwe mme di tlhotlheletsa tsela e metsi a elelang ka yone gompieno.<ref name=":5" /> Simmonds le Smalley ba ne ba bega gore dikago tseno di tlhalosiwa e le dipharologano tsa bosheng tse di bopang karolo e e kwa borwabophirima jwa [[Okavango Delta]]. Kwa [[Namibia]], kago eno e bidiwa Eiseb Graben.<ref name=":5" />Go epa mo bogareng jwa Eiseb Graben gaufi le molelwane wa Botswana go netefaditse gore go na le matlapana a Kalahari a a bokima jwa dimetara tse di fetang makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano.<ref name=":5" /> Eiseb Graben e botlhokwa thata mo metsing a a kwa tlase ka gonne sediment e e tletseng ya kwa tlase ya Kalahari e ka ntsha metsi a a kwa tlase mo dikarolong tsa graben. Dipatlisiso tse di dirilweng kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa Namibia di supile gore go ka nna thata go tlhotlhomisa metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe mo sedimenteng se se kitlaneng sa Kalahari, le gore mekgwa ya go epa e ama go bonwa le go tlhabololwa ga metsi a a nang le selekanyo se se kwa tlase.<ref name=":5" /> == Tikologo le tiriso ya lefatshe == Noka ya Eiseb e mo tikologong e e atolositsweng ya Kalahari, koo metsi a a mo godimo ga lefatshe a tlhaelang teng e bile e le a dipaka. Dithotobolo tsa omiramba di na le mafelo a a nonneng thata fa go bapisiwa le motlhaba o o boteng o o dikologileng. Mafelo a a dirisiwa ke batho le leruo mme a ka tshegetsa dimela le mafulo ka dinako tse motlhaba o o dikologileng o sa ungweng thata ka teng.<ref name=":2" /> Kwa Northern Kalahari Woodlands ya Namibia, ditiro tsa temothuo le go rua leruo ke dilo tse di botlhokwa tse di dirisiwang mo lefatsheng. Metsi a a nowang gantsi a pompelwa go tswa mo metsing a a kwa tlase mme a dirisediwa merero ya selegae, dijalo, leruo le diphologolo tsa naga.<ref name=":3" /> Eiseb le omiramba e e amanang le yone ke karolo ya metswedi ya metsi ya selegae ya metsemagae ya magae le ya badisa kwa botlhaba jwa [[Namibia|Namibia.]] == Tlhokomelo ya metsi == Go laolwa ga metsi mo Eiseb-Epukiro basin go bopiwa ke komelelo ya basin, go elela ga metsi go go sa tlhomamang le go ikaega ka metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe. Thulaganyo e e kopantsweng ya metswedi ya metsi ya [[Namibia]] e tsaya Eiseb-Epukiro e le lekadiba le le farologaneng mo maitlhomong a tsamaiso ya metswedi ya metsi.<ref name=":1" /> Ditokomane tsa bosheng tsa go rulaganya tsa temothuo le tsa metswedi ya metsi tsa kwa Namibia di tlhalosa gore dikhuti di le mmalwa, go akaretsa le Eiseb-Epukiro, di mo kgatelelong kgotsa di mo kotsing ya go tlhaela ga metswedi ya metsi. Matshwenyego a a golaganngwa le tlhokego e e anameng ya tsamaiso e e kopaneng ya metswedi ya metsi, go gogiwa ga metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe ka tsela e e tsweletseng le go rulaganya lefatshe le metsi ka tsela e e kgonang go emelana le tlelaemete mo dikgaolong tse di omileng tsa [[Namibia]].<ref>[https://www.nafsan.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Final_MAWLR-STAS-Document-2024-web-quality.pdf Strategy for the Transformation of the Agri-Food Sector 2025/26–2030/31] (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Namibia. 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2026</ref> == Kamano le tsamaiso ya Okavango == Eiseb ke karolo ya setlhopha sa melatswana e e sa kgaotseng le mela ya metsi a a tswang mo matlakaleng a a kopantsweng le Okavango Delta le Mokgatšha wa [[Kalahari]]. [[Okavango Delta]] ke tsamaiso ya mafelo a a nang le metsi a a tsididi kwa bokone jwa [[Botswana]], koo metsi a a tsenang mo teng ga delta a latlhegang bogolo jang ka evapotranspiration le infiltration go na le go elela kwa lewatleng.<ref name=":6" /> Go farologana le Noka ya Cubango-Okavango e e sa kgaleng, Eiseb e thusa mo tsamaisong eno jaaka mola wa kgogolego wa Kalahari o o kgaoganang. Ka jalo e tlhaloganngwa botoka jaaka noka ya setlha kgotsa ya fosile mo tikologong ya kgelelo ya metsi ya Okavango-Kalahari go na le jaaka noka e e elelang e sa kgaotse.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> == Metswedi == 0ftq8atawsgozezbmd0yvriu6vqx9z1 0 13770 51091 2026-06-19T17:28:19Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Dissoni 51091 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Letsha la Dissoni''', le gape le itsegeng e le Letsha la Soden, ke letsha le lennye le le mo moleng wa lekgwamolelo kwa Kgaolong ya Borwa Bophirima jwa Cameroon. Letsha leno la lekgwamolelo le bophara jwa dikilometara di le 1,25 mme le kwa botlhaba jwa Rumpi Hills. <ref>Trewavas, E. (1962). ''[https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44673020 Fishes of the Crater Lakes of the Northwestern Cameroons.]'' Bonner Zoologische Beitraege 13: 146-190</ref> [[Setshwantsho:Manengouba-Tombel.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Dissoni]] Go na le mefuta e le meraro fela ya ditlhapi mo letsheng, mme tseno tsotlhe ke tsa selegae: A poeciliid (Procatopus lacustris, le fa e le gore e ka tswa e tshwana le P. similis e e anameng thata<ref>[[:en:Rainer_Froese|Froese, Rainer;]] [[:en:Daniel_Pauly|Pauly, Daniel]] (eds.). [https://www.fishbase.org/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Procatopus "Species in genus ''Procatopus''"]. ''FishBase''. February 2012 version.</ref>), catfish e e sa tlhalosiwang (Clarias sp.) le barb e e sa tlhalosiwang (Barbus sp.). <ref>Freshwater Ecoregions of the World (2008). ''[http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=519 Western Equatorial Crater Lakes.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20111005204252/http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=519 Archived] 2011-10-05 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]'' Accessed 5 February 2012</ref> The atyid shrimp Caridina sodenensis le yone e fitlhelwa mo letsheng leno.<ref>Richard, J., and P.F. Clark (2009). ''African Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae): redescriptions of C. africana Kingsley, 1882, C. togoensis Hilgendorf, 1893, C. natalensis Bouvier, 1925 and C. roubaudi Bouvier, 1925 with descriptions of 14 new species.'' Zootaxa 1995: 1-75</ref> == Metswedi == 5zes2j4dsexkhol31qtvy304quafqf6 0 13771 51092 2026-06-19T17:43:06Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Ejagham 51092 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Cameroon physical map.svg|thumb|Letsha la Ejagham]] '''Letsha la Ejagham''' ke letsha le lennye le le gaufi le [[Eyumodjock]] kwa Southwest Region ya [[Cameroon]]. Go farologana le matsha a mangwe a le mantsi mo kgaolong, ga se letsha la lekgwamolelo, mme go ka direga gore ke letsha la tharabololo le le bopilweng ke metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe ka nako ya motlha wa dikgapetla wa bofelo. <ref name=":0">Freshwater Ecoregions of the World (2008). ''[http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=519 Western Equatorial Crater Lakes.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20111005204252/http://www.feow.org/ecoregion_details.php?eco=519 Archived] 2011-10-05 at the [[:en:Wayback_Machine|Wayback Machine]]''</ref> Letsha leno le le kwa thoko le na le sebopego sa oval, ga le na metsi a a elelang, mme le elela mo Nokeng ya Munaya (karolo ya Cross River system).<ref name=":0" /><ref>Schliewen, U.K., Tautz, D., and Pääbo, S. (1994). ''Sympatric speciation suggested by monophyly of crater lake cichlids.'' [[:en:Nature_(journal)|Nature]] 368(6472): 629-632.</ref> Metsi a a elelang a ka se ka a feta ka ntlha ya diphororo tsa metsi.<ref name=":0" /> == Saense ya Botshelo == Le fa gone e le nnye thata, e na le mefuta e le supa ya ditlhapi tse di bidiwang di-coptodonine le di-oreochromine cichlid (Coptodon deckerti, C. ejagham, C. fusiforme, C. nigrans, Sarotherodon lamprechti, le S. knauerae). Mo go tse, di le thataro di ne tsa tlhalosiwa fela ka saense ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso, mme ka jalo ga di a ka tsa bewa ke IUCN, mme go ka direga gore di lebane le matshosetsi a a tshwanang le a C. deckerti (mofuta o le mongwe fela wa bogologolo o o kileng wa bewa ke IUCN).<ref name=":1">Dunz, A. R., & Schliewen, U. K. (2010). ''Description of a Tilapia (Coptodon) species flock of Lake Ejagham (Cameroon), including a redescription of Tilapia deckerti Thys van den Audenaerde, 1967.'' Spixiana, 33(2): 251-280</ref> <ref>Neumann, D., Stiassny, M. L. J, & Schliewen, U. K. (2011). ''Two new sympatric Sarotherodon species (Pisces: Cichlidae) endemic to Lake Ejagham, Cameroon, west-central Africa, with comments on the Sarotherodon galilaeus species complex.'' Zootaxa 2765: 1–20</ref><ref name=":2">Moelants, T. (2010). [https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21897/9337295 "''Tilapia deckerti''".] [[:en:IUCN_Red_List|''IUCN Red List of Threatened Species''.]] '''2010''' e.T21897A9337295. doi:[[doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T21897A9337295.en|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T21897A9337295.en]]. Retrieved 25 December 2017</ref>C. deckerti e tsewa e le mo kotsing ya go nyelela ka ntlha ya kgotlelo le sedimentation go tswa mo ditirong tsa batho. Gape e ka nna ya tshosediwa ke go ntshiwa ga khabonetaeokosaete (CO2) go tswa kwa tlase ga letsha (bapisa le Letsha la Nyos),<ref name=":2" /> le fa Ejagham e se boteng go ka nna le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa gase eno. <ref>Freeth, S.J.; C.O. Ofoegbu; and K.M. Onuoha (1992). Natural Hazards in West and Central Africa, pp. 50—51. ISBN 978-3-663-05239-5</ref>Mofuta wa tlhapi e e bidiwang catfish ya mofuta wa Parauchenoglanis e ne ya tsenngwa mo letsheng, mme seno se ka nna sa baka matshosetsi a a masisi mo di-cichlids tse di leng teng koo. <ref name=":1" /> Ejagham cichlids gantsi e tsewa e le sekai se se tlhomologileng sa go nna le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditshedi mo mefuteng ya tsone e mebedi. Dipatlisiso di supa fa go na le phallo ya segare ya dijine magareng ga mefuta ya letsha le balosika go tswa kwa dikgaolong tse di gaufi, mme seno se ka tswa se kgonne go dira gore go nne le mefuta e e farologaneng (ke gore, mefuta ya Ejagham ga se fela gore e nnile teng ka ntlha ya go nna le mefuta e e farologaneng).<ref>Martin; Cutler; Friel; Touokong; Coop; and Wainwright (2015). Complex histories of repeated gene flow in Cameroon crater lake cichlids cast doubt on one of the clearest examples of sympatric speciation. Evolution 69-6: 1406–1422. doi[[doi:10.1111/evo.12674|:10.1111/evo.12674]]</ref> == Metswedi == op7tvoxsg7np8p1kjoloudo6rcdyvao 0 13772 51151 2026-06-20T10:15:54Z ~2026-35761-06 12892 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Sonfon 51151 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lake Sonfon.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Sonfon]] '''Letsha la Sonfon''', le le itsegeng gape jaaka '''Letsha la Confon,''' ke letsha la metsi a a foreshe kwa [[Diang]], [[Sierra Leone]] le le botlhokwa mo sedumeding le mo setsong. <ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110109223745/http://visitsierraleone.org/Attractions/Nature-and-Wildlife/Lake-Sonfon-and-Environs.html "Lake Sonfon and Environs".] Visit Sierra Leone. 2011. Archived from [http://www.visitsierraleone.org/Attractions/Nature-and-Wildlife/Lake-Sonfon-and-Environs.html the original] on 9 January 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2011.</ref> == Dipopego tsa lefatshe == Ditoropo tse di gaufi thata ke Kabala e e leng dikilometara di le masome a marataro go ya kwa bokone le Benugu e e leng dikilometara di le masome a mane go ya kwa borwa. E kwa dithabeng tsa Sula Mountains kwa bogodimong jwa dimetara di le makgolo matlhano le masome a mane le borobabongwe(1,801 ft) godimo ga lewatle. Sonfon e tswa kwa ntlheng ya borwa, e e bopang tshimologo ya Noka ya Pampana,<ref name=":1">[http://tonkolili.com/ourlocation.php# "LOCATION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TONKOLILI DISTRICT"]. Tonkoli District Council. Retrieved 27 February 2011.</ref> mme e fepiwa ke melatswana e le supa e e nang le maemo a metsi a a farologanang thata mo ngwageng.<ref name=":2">Hughes, R. H.; J. S. Hughes (1992). [https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA439&dq=lake+sonfon#q=lake%20sonfon ''A directory of African wetlands''.] IUCN. pp. 439–440. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-2-88032-949-5|<bdi>978-2-88032-949-5</bdi>.]]</ref> Letsha le na le boteng jo bo kwa godimo jwa dimetarara di robabobedi (26 ft) mme ka bogolo jwa 8.2 km2 (3.2 sq mi) ke letsha le legolo go a gaisa otlhe mo Sierra Leone.<ref name=":2" /><ref>Hudgens, Jim; Richard Trillo (2003). [[iarchive:roughguidetowest0000hudg|''The rough guide to West Africa''. Rough Guides.]] p. 642. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-118-0|978-1-84353-118-0]]</bdi>. <q>lake sonfon.</q></ref> == Tikologo == Letsha le ke lefelo la tshomarelo le le botlhokwa le lefelo le le tshireleditsweng le le tshitshintsweng mme go tloga ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso (2011) ga go na tshireletso e e leng teng. <ref>[http://www.worldwildlife.org/bsp/publications/africa/176/biodiv.htm "Biodiversity Resource Endowment and Conservation".] World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 2 March 2011.</ref> Ka paka ya komelelo letsha le apesitswe gotlhelele ke dimela.<ref name=":2" />Tikologo ya dithaba go dikologa letsha e na le dikgwa, savanna e e nang le ditlhare, bojang le sekgwa sa temo.<ref>[http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6831 "Lake Sonfon and environs"]. BirdLife International. 2001. Retrieved 2 March 2011.</ref> Lefelo la diheketara di le dikete di robabobedi le le akaretsang letsha, mmogo le tikologo ya lone e e nang le dimela, le ne la tlhophiwa go nna Lefelo le le Botlhokwa la Dinonyane (IBA) ke BirdLife International ka gonne le tshegetsa palo e kgolo ya mefuta e mentsi ya dinonyane. <ref>[https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/lake-sonfon-and-environs-iba-sierra-leone "Lake Sonfon and environs".] ''BirdLife Data Zone''. BirdLife International. 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-06.</ref>Le fa letsha le sa sekasekwa sentle, go lemogilwe mefuta e le lekgolo le botlhano ya dinonyane, go akaretsa iris glossy-starling, Dybowski's twinspot, splendid sunbird, red-faced pytilia le pied-winged swallow. Di-mammals tse di tshelang mo letsheng di akaretsa pygmy hippopotamus e e leng mo kotsing ya go nyelela, le black and Maxwell's duikers. == Ditso == Letsha la Sonfon le tsewa le le boitshepo mo tumelong ya setso mme batho ba lefelo leo ba dira meletlo ya setso mo lotshitshing lwa lone. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />Ditlhabelo, go akaretsa raese le dijo, di tshelwa mo letsheng ka di-calabash. [3] 9] Go ya ka tumelo ya setso letsha le le tshwantshetsa go sa nne teng ga metsi, mmogo le go sa nne teng ga metsi mo setlheng sa komelelo, ka Jinn e e maatla e e nnang mo letsheng.<ref>Jackson, Michael (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=vWKQaEdv0CQC&pg=PA120&dq=lake+sonfon#q=lake%20sonfon ''Life Within Limits:Well-being in a World of Want''.] Duke University Press. pp. 120–121. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-4915-0|<bdi>978-0-8223-49150</bdi>.]]</ref> Gouta e fitlhelwa mo mafikeng a Letsha la Sonfon le mo mafelong a a nang le metsi a mantsi mo lefelong leno. Go berekwa fela mo mafelong a a nang le mmu o o nang le metsi a mantsi, mme go thapiwa batho ba le dikete tse lesome le botlhano ba ba dirang mo meepong go dikologa Letsha leno. Meepo eno e dira gore metsi a letsha a fokotsege. <ref>Ham, Anthony; James Bainbridge (2006). ''[[iarchive:westafrica00hama|West Africa]]''. Lonely Planet. p. 753. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-74059-771-5|-]] <q>lake sonfon sacred.</q></ref> == Metswedi == q3nvijawkuj4uj724f2yqtvquk4t655 0 13773 51152 2026-06-20T10:21:08Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA TSAUCHAB 51152 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tsauchab''' ke noka ya nakwana e e mo kgaolong ya Hardap kwa bogare jwa lefatshe la [[Namibia]]. Motswedi wa yone o kwa dithabeng tsa Naukluft tse di kwa borwa, go tswa foo e elela go ya kwa bophirima go ralala Namib-Naukluft National Park go ya kwa Sossusvlei, e leng lekadiba la endorheic. Noka e e kwa tlase mo nakong e e fetileng e ne e na le tsela e e farologaneng mme gape e ne ya bopa dikhuti tse dingwe tse pedi, Deadvlei le Hiddenvlei. Tsauchab e ka nna lekgolo le masome a matlhano (150 km (93 mi) ka boleele, lefelo la yone la go tshelwa metsi (go akaretsa le noka ya yona, noka ya Zebra) go lekanyetswa go nna magareng ga dikete tse nne (4,000<ref>Jacobson, Peter J.; Jacobson, Kathryn M.; Seely, Mary K. (1995). ''[http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia]'' (PDF 8.7MB). Windhoek: Desert Research Foundation of Namibia. pp. 132–133. ISBN <bdi>9991670947</bdi>.</ref>le 4,431 km2 (1,711 sq mi).<ref>Strohbach, B.J. (2008). [http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf "Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia"] (PDF 1.0MB). ''Agricola''. '''2008''': 63–73. ISSN 1015-2334. OCLC 940637734</ref>E re ka e le mo [[Sekakeng sa]] [[Namib]], Tsauchab e na le metsi fela ka dinako tse di sa tlwaelegang fa pula e na mo Dithabeng tsa Naukluft mme e elela, ka gonne e sa kgone go tsenelela mo mmung ka bonako jo bo lekaneng (bona morwalela wa tshoganyetso). Ka nako ya dipula tseno, noka ya Tsauchab e nna noka e e elelang ka bonako e bile e le maatla mo diureng di le mmalwa fela. Ka ntlha ya dipula tse di neng di na nako le nako, mo dingwageng tse di fetang dimilione di le pedi tse di fetileng e ne ya betla Sesriem Canyon, e leng mokgatšha o o boleele jwa sekgele se le sengwe (1 km) le boteng jwa dimetara di le masome a mararo mo lefikeng la sedimentary. Morago ga kgogometso eno, Tsauchab e a tlhatloga e bo e nna bophara, mme e dikologilwe ke sekgwa se se fa thoko ga noka fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa lefelong la letswai la Sossusvlei. Mo kgaolong ya Sossusvlei, sekgwa sa noka se na le ditlhare tse di tshelang go akaretsa Maerua crassifolia le marapo a a setseng a ditlhare tse di suleng.<ref>[https://independent-travellers.com/namibia/sossusvlei/index.php#river "The photographs of the Tsauchab river which were made at the following geo coordinates: 24°38'42.6"S 15°39'06.9"E".] ''Independent Travellers''. independent-travellers.com. Retrieved January 9, 2018.</ref> Sossusvlei, Sesriem Canyon le dithotana tse di kwa godimo tsa motlhaba tse di fa gare ga mafelo ano a mabedi ke dingwe tsa dilo tse di ngokang bajanala thata kwa Namibia. == Metswedi == 8hsrstres38phrixlnih2hcerb3n6zl 0 13774 51153 2026-06-20T10:28:13Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Vlei 51153 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Rondevlei1.jpg|thumb|Rondevlei ,go bapa le Cape Town]] [[Setshwantsho:Dead Vlei 4.jpg|thumb|Setlhaketlhake sa Dead Vlei se se omileng, kwa Namibia]] Letsha la '''vlei''' (/fleɪ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [fləi]) ke letsha le le seng boteng, gantsi le nna teng ka dinako tse di rileng. E ka nna ya bo ya kaya matamo a a leng teng ka paka nngwe le nngwe ya ngwaga kgotsa mafelo a a nang le dithotobolo a digwagwa le ditshedi tse dingwe tse di nnang mo dithotobolong di tsalelang mo go one. Ka tlwaelo, vleis e farologana ka bogolo jwa yone, kgotsa le ka go nna teng kgotsa go se nne teng ga metsi, go ya ka go wa ga pula kgotsa komelelo ya setlha. <ref name=":0">"Compendium of South African history and geography", by George McCall Theal, Edition: 3 - 1877, [https://books.google.com/books?id=zVSVsyjwl4UC&q=%22vlei+is%22p.&pg=PA9 9]</ref> Go ya ka letswai la metsi, vleis e ka nna metsi a a phepa, metsi a letswai, kgotsa metsi a a letswai.<ref name=":0" />Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya vlei e ka senyega go nna pitsa ya letswai kgotsa pitsa ya letsopa, jaaka [[Dead Vlei]] kgotsa [[Sossusvlei.]] == Tikologo == Mefuta e e farologaneng ya di-vleis e ka nna botlhokwa thata mo tikologong ya lefelo leo, e na le mefuta e le mentsi ya ditshedi tse di nnang koo fela le tse di fudugang. [[Setshwantsho:Sossusvlei aus der Vogelperspektive.jpg|thumb|Go bona Sossusvlei go tswa kwa lefaufaung. Bontsi jwa nako e a e fetsang a se na metsi]] Bontsi jwa di-vleis ke tse dinnye thata gore di ka newa leina. Le fa go ntse jalo, di-vleis tse dingwe tse dikgolo di filwe maina, sekao [[Rondevlei]] le [[Zeekoevlei]] kwa [[Cape Peninsula]], tse e leng metsi a a sa feleng. Eleruri, Rondevlei ke legae la dinare. Lereo leno ke motheo wa maina a a tlwaelegileng a a dirisiwang ke baithutatshelo, jaaka * rat ya vlei, dikokwana-hloko tsa Otomys * vleiroos (e e rayang "serosa sa mokgatšha") * vleikuiken (ka tlhamalalo ke "nonyane ya vlei") <ref>Bosman, D. B.; Van der Merwe, I. W.; Hiemstra, L. W. (1984). ''Tweetalige Woordeboek Afrikaans-Engels''. Tafelberg-uitgewers. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-624-00533-X|<bdi>0-624-00533-X</bdi>.]]</ref> * segwagwa sa Vlei == Letshwao == Lefoko vlei le dirisiwa thata mo Afrika Borwa. Ke lefoko la Seaforikanse le le tserweng mo lefokong la Dutch ya Bogare le le rayang "moedi" (valeye).<ref>Unabridged</ref>Le fa go ntse jalo, ka Se-Afrikaans, bokao jwa lone bo ne jwa fetoga go nna jwa letsha le le seng boteng. Lefoko la Se-Afrikaans le la Se-Dutch sa segompieno le le rayang "molapo" ke vallei. Leina la lefelo la Amerika Bokone la vlaie le tshwana le la vlei, le le nang le tshimologo e e tshwanang ya Dutch ya Bogare. == Metswedi == fbsonqms0iln4gznkymuoyr41eog162 0 13775 51154 2026-06-20T10:35:40Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA MAZOWE 51154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noka ya Mazowe''' (e e neng e bidiwa Noka ya Mazoe) ke noka ya kwa lefatsheng la [[Zimbabwe]] le lefatshe la [[Mozambique]], koo e bidiwang Rio Mazoe kgotsa Rio Mazoé.<ref>[https://tracks4africa.co.za/listings/item/w144569/high-bridge-luenha-river/ Tracks4Africa - Travel Africa Informed]</ref> Noka e e elela kwa bokone jwa Harare, e elela kwa bokone mme e bo e elela kwa bokonebotlhaba, koo e bopang karolo ya molelwane le lefatshe la [[Mozambique]] mme e kopanngwa le [[Noka ya Luenha]], e e leng mosele wa [[Noka ya Zambezi]]. Noka ya Mazowe e na le metsi a a ka nnang dikete tse masome a mararo le borobabongwe (39,000 square kilometres (15,058 sq mi).<ref>Chikozho, Claudious (2008). [https://sites.clas.ufl.edu/africanquarterly/files/Chikozho-Vol10Issue23.pdf "Stakeholder Participatory Processes and Dialogue Platforms in the Mazowe River Catchment, Zimbabwe"] (PDF). ''African Studies Quarterly''. '''10''' (2/3): 27–44, page 33.</ref>Ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mabedi (1920), letamo la Mazowe le ne la agiwa mo nokeng dikilometara di le masome a mane kwa bokone jwa Harare go nosetsa dipolase tsa disitruse.<ref>Kent Rusmussen, R. & Rubert, S. (1990) ''Historical Dictionary of Zimbabwe'', The Scarecrow Press [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazowe_River#cite_note-3]</ref> Noka le melatswana ya yona ke lefelo le le rategang thata la go batla gauta le go dira ditiro tse dinnye tsa go epa,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210304220018/https://www.spiked.co.zw/ema-bemoans-the-menace-of-illegal-mining/ "EMA bemoans the menace of illegal mining"]. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021</ref> le fa gone ka paka ya dipula, Mazowe e nna molapo o o bogale, gantsi e thuba mabopo a yone mme e baka tshenyo mo baaging le mo dipolaseng. == Metswedi == eg9fpextk5cvrrchv91j7p3dw9ldclp 0 13776 51155 2026-06-20T10:39:31Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Chrissie 51155 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:ISS028-E-36148 - View of South Africa (cropped3).jpg|thumb|Setshwantsho sa sathalaete sa Letsha la Chrissie. (Letsha le letona le le kafa molemeng kwa godimo)]] '''Letsha la Chrissie''' (Afrikaans) ke letsha la [[Aforika Borwa]] le le kwa Mmasepaleng wa Msukaligwa, Mpumalanga. Ke metsi a a seng boteng le a magolo, a a boteng jwa dimetara di le thataro (20 ft), boleele jwa dikilometara di le 9 (5.6 mi), bophara jwa dikilometara di le tharo. Letsha le bidiwa ka [[Christiana Pretorius,]] morwadia [[Marthinus Wessel Pretorius]], Tautona wa ntlha wa Rephaboliki ya Boer ya Transvaal.<ref>[http://www.chrissiesmeer.co.za/ Chrissiesmeer]</ref> Letsha leno gape le itsege ka leina la "Matotoland" (le le rayang "lefatshe la digwagwa") mme leina la lone la Seswati ke "Kachibibi" (le le rayang "letsha le legolo"). Lebitso la Sesotho ke Seokodibeng, le bolelang sebaka sa metsi a mangata. <ref>Wellington, J.H. (April 1943). "The Lake Chrissie Problem". ''South African Geographical Journal''. '''25''' (1): 50–64. doi:[[doi:10.1080/03736245.1943.10559227|10.1080/03736245.1943.10559227]]. ISSN [[0373-6245]].</ref> Ntwa e e tumileng ya Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu e ne ya lwelwa gaufi le Letsha la Chrissie ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le borataro,ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bongwe . <ref>[https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/san-involvement-battle-chrissiesmeer "San involvement in the Battle of Chrissiesmeer | South African History Online"]. ''www.sahistory.org.za''. Retrieved 17 May 2022.</ref> == Metswedi == 1hbzo8ki294pij6ybam4qe26nvqfsct 0 13777 51156 2026-06-20T10:58:16Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Fundudzi 51156 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Lake Fundudzi00.jpg|thumb|Letsha la Fundudzi]] Letsha la Fundudzi (a.k.a. Letsha la Funduzi) le kwa Soutpansberg mo [[Kgaolo ya Limpopo|porofenseng ya Limpopo]] mo [[Aforika Borwa]]. E bogolo jwa dikilometara di le tlhano ka dikilometara di le tharo fa e tletse, e tlhodilwe ke go gosomana ga mmu ga bogologolo go go neng ga thibela noka ya Mutale. Letsha le dikwena tsa lone mmogo le sekgwa se se gaufi sa Thathe Vondo, di tsewa di le boitshepo ke Vhatavhatsindi, Batho ba Letsha ba e leng karolo ya batho ba Venda. <ref>[http://www.southafrica.net/sat/content/en/za/full-article?oid=8012&sn=Detail&pid=1 "Eish!"]</ref>Ke letsha le le nosi la tlholego le le mo teng ga naga mo Borwa jwa Aforika.<ref>Chiliza, S. G.; Diop, S. (2014), Sassa, Kyoji; Canuti, Paolo; Yin, Yueping (eds.), [http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_51 "Notes on a Landslide That Formed the Only Known True Inland Lake in South Africa",] ''Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment'', Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 335–340, doi:[[doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_51|10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_51,]] ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-319-04995-3|<bdi>978-3-319-04995-3</bdi>,]] retrieved 2024-04-18</ref> == Ditlhamane == [[Setshwantsho:Lake-Fundudzi-10-1200.jpg|thumb]] Go ya ka ditlhamane tsa Ba-Venda, letsha leno le ne la bopiwa fa molepero mongwe yo o neng a feta foo a ne a ganwa go newa dijo le bonno. O ne a hutse kraal e e nyeletseng ka fa tlase ga metsi a letsha le le sa tswang go bopiwa mme BaVenda ba bolela gore mo mosong wa ntlha go a kgonega go utlwa modumo wa meropa le go goa le go goa ga batho le dikgomo tse di nwetseng. <ref>''Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa''</ref> Gape go dumelwa gore Letsha la Fundudzi le sireleditswe ke modimo wa nonyane e e bidiwang python yo o nnang mo thabeng. Ba-Venda ba tlotla modimo ono ka go bina motantsho wa go tsena mo dingwageng tsa bosha ngwaga le ngwaga, o o itsegeng ka go tshikinyega ka tsela e e makgwakgwa le go sokama ga moleng wa conga, o basetsana ba ba mo dingwageng tsa bolesome ba morafe ono ba nnang le seabe mo go one. Go bolelwa fa letsha le tletse ka metsi le mmala wa lone go supa maikutlo a bagologolwane ba lone, le gore pula e ka nna ya na. <ref>[http://www.sa-venues.com/attractions/limpopo/lake-fundudzi.htm "Lake Fundudzi in Limpopo"]</ref><ref>[http://www.vanhunks.com/lowveld1/venda1.html "Bewitched Forests and Waters of the VhaVenda (Part 1)".]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130131165014/http://www.sastay.co.za/limpopo-attractions/lake-fundudzi.html "Lake Fundudzi | Limpopo Attractions".] Archived from [http://www.sastay.co.za/limpopo-attractions/lake-fundudzi.html the original] on 2013-01-31. Retrieved 2013-01-25.</ref> == Metswedi == iuy9wk1q5qp4oofy6rmco03ln6zz6jk 0 13778 51157 2026-06-20T11:43:47Z MmaBaggio 11091 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA Letsha la Sibaya 51157 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Sibhayi.gif|thumb|Letsha la Sibaya]] '''Letsha la Sibaya''', gape le itsiwe jaaka Letsha la Sibhayi, ke letsha la metsi a a phepa mo [[Aforika Borwa|Afrika Borwa]], le le nang le bogolo jwa 64 km2 (25 sq mi). Letsha leno gape le bidiwa Sibaya kgotsa Sibhaya. <ref>[https://isimangaliso.com/jewel/lake-sibaya/ "Lake Sibaya".] ''isiMangaliso park''. Retrieved 27 April 2020.</ref> Letsha leno le kwa [[Maputaland]], kgotsa Umhlabuyalingana, kgaolo ya KwaZulu-Natal, kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa botlhaba jwa Afrika Borwa. Ke karolo ya [[Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park]] mme e lemogiwa ka fa tlase ga [[Ramsar Convention]] jaaka "Wetland ya Botlhokwa jwa Boditšhabatšhaba" ka kgwedi ya Seetebosigole masome a mabedi le borobabobedi ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le motso . Ka kgwedi ya Sedimonthole ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le borobabongwe , Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park e ne ya kaiwa fa e le lefelo la UNESCO la Ngwao-Boswa jwa Lefatshe, mme e ne ya bidiwa iSimangaliso Wetland Park ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borobabongwe . Go lemogilwe gore go na le mefuta e le makgolo a mabedi le masome a supa le borobabongwe ya dinonyane kwa Letsheng la Sibaya. Tiro ya Metsi ya Mseleni le ya Metsi ya Mbazwana di bona metsi a tsone mo Letsha la Sibaya. == Bojanala == Lake Sibaya Lodge e mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa bokone jwa letsha leno. Ke lefelo la maemo a a kwa godimo le le nang le matlo a mannye a le lesome le borataro. Mabibi e fa gare ga Letsha la Sibaya le Lewatle la India. Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife e na le lefelo la go kampa le di-chalet. Gape go na le lefelo la boikhutso la poraefete - Thonga Beach Lodge.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716181215/http://www.zulunet.co.za/mabibi/ "Thonga Beach Lodge at Mabibi, South Africa".] Archived from [http://www.zulunet.co.za/mabibi/ the original] on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2005.</ref> Lefelo le le itsegeng thata le le kwa lotshitshing lwa lewatle la Sodwana Bay le gaufi. == Selekanyo sa letsha == Go batlisisa gore ke eng se se ka tswang se bakile gore metsi a Letsha la Sibaya a fokotsege ka dimetara di ka nna nnè fa gare ga ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le motso le ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone, go sekaseka gore metsi a a gogiwang go dirisiwa mo malapeng le a a gogiwang ke dijalo tsa kgwebo a ama jang metsi a a mo letsheng, le go bona gore go ka ntshiwa thobo e e kana kang go tswa mo Letsha la Sibaya. Go tswa mo tshekatshekong le mo ditekong tse di dirilweng, go fitlhetswe gore selo se segolo se se bakileng go fokotsega ga metsi a Letsha la Sibaya e ne e le pula e e neng e le kwa tlase ga palogare mo lobakeng lwa ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le motso go ya ko ngwageng wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le motso . Le fa go ntse jalo, le fa gone diphelelo tsa go dira ditshekatsheko di bontsha gore ditlamorago tsa go gapiwa ga metsi a a dirisediwang dilo tsa mo gae mo nakong eno di ne di se kalo, di bontsha gore mo e ka nnang dimetara di le 1,4 tsa go fokotsega ga metsi a a mo letsheng di bakilwe ke go thibiwa ga dikgwa mo lefelong leno ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe. Go ne ga dirwa tshekatsheko ya thobo ya dipoelo tse di lekantsweng le diphetogo tsa hisitori mo lefelong la go gogolela metsi mo dingwageng tse masome a marataro le botlhano tsa rekoto ya tlelaemete e e neng ya elwa tlhoko go dirisiwa maemo a a tlhomameng a a kwa tlase a a letlelelwang a letsha kgotsa go fokotsega go gogolo go tswa mo maemong a letsha la referense e le ditekanyetso tsa go palelwa ga tsamaiso. Diphelelo tsa go tshwantsha maemo a matsha ka go dirisa rekoto ya tlelaemete ya hisetori ka kgaolo e e nang le dikgwa le maemo a go gapiwa ga metsi a a tlhomilweng ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le bone a bontsha gore ga go kgonege go nna le thobo e e tswelelang ya tlaleletso ka ntlha ya go fokotsega go go tsweletseng ga maemo a matsha a a tshwantshiwang le go boloka metsi a a kafa tlase ga lefatshe, e leng selo se se sa amogelesegeng mo tikologong, mo loagong le mo tikologong. Diphelelo tsa go dira ditshwantshiso tsa pele di bontsha gore go tlhokega gore go tlosiwe sekgwa sa bogolo jwa 5 km2 gore go gololwe MCM e le nngwe ka ngwaga go tswa mo dikgweng tsa selegae. Le fa go ntse jalo, dipoelo tse tsa ntlha di tlhoka gore go tokafadiwe mokgwa wa go netefatsa tshedimosetso e e tsentsweng le go sekaseka mokgwa wa go dira dimotlelara gore go nne le tshepo e e oketsegileng mo dipoelong.<ref>Smithers, J.C.; Gray, R.P.; Johnson, S; Still, D (2 August 2017). [[doi:10.4314/wsa.v43i3.13|"Modelling and water yield assessment of Lake Sibhayi"]]. ''Water SA''. '''43''' (3): 480. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017WatSA..43..480S 2017WatSA..43..480S.] doi:[[doi:10.4314/wsa.v43i3.13|10.4314/wsa.v43i3.13]]. ISSN [[0378-4738.]]</ref> == Metswedi == 7vna8ym7bn666iiw2w7ajlawbecrl9u 0 13779 51158 2026-06-20T11:49:52Z Lucrucia98 12161 #AWC 2026 #WATER FOR LIFE IN AFRICA KE RANOTSE TSEBE YA NOKA YA ZAMBEZI 51158 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Setshwantsho:Zambezi River at junction of Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe & Botswana.jpg|thumb|Noka ya Zambezi]] '''Noka ya Zambezi''' (e gape e bidiwang Zambeze le Zambesi) ke noka ya bone e telele go gaisa mo Afrika, noka e telele go gaisa e e elelang kwa botlhaba jwa Afrika le e kgolo go gaisa e e elelang mo Lewatleng la lefatshe la India go tswa mo Afrika. Metsi a yone a khurumetsa 1,390,000 km2 (540,000 mi2),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081217180850/http://files.gorongosa.net/filestore/348-patterns_hydrological_change_zambezi_delta.pdf "Richard Beilfuss & David dos Santos: Patterns of Hydrological Change in the Zambezi Delta, Monogram for the Sustainable Management of Cahora Bassa Dam and The Lower Zambezi Valley (2001). Estimated mean flow rate 3424 m³/s"] (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2008</ref><ref>[http://www.riob.org/transfrontalier/Bilanglobal.PDF International Network of Basin Organisations/Office International de L'eau:] Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine "Développer les Compétences pour mieux Gérer l'Eau: Fleuves Transfrontaliers Africains: Bilan Global." (2002). Estimated annual discharge 106 km³, equal to mean flow rate 3360 m³/s</ref>e e kwa tlase ga halofo ya noka ya Nile. Noka e e boleele jwa dikilometara di le dikete tse pedi ,makgolo a matlhao le masome a supa le bone e tlhoga kwa lefatsheng la [[Zambia]] mme e elela go ralala botlhaba jwa lefatshe la [[Angola]], go bapa le molelwane wa bokone-botlhaba jwa Namibia le molelwane wa bokone jwa [[Botswana,]] go tswa foo go bapa le molelwane magareng ga lefatshe la [[Zambia]] le lefatshe la [[Zimbabwe]] go ya [[Mozambique]], koo e kgabaganyang naga go ya go wela mo Lewatleng la [[India]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Zambezi-River "Zambezi River | river, Africa".] ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information".] ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 27 May 2021</ref>Karolo e e itsegeng thata ya Zambezi ke [[Victoria Falls]]. Diphororo tse dingwe tsa yone di akaretsa Chavuma Falls<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Chavuma-Falls "Chavuma Falls | waterfall, Zambia | Britannica".] ''www.britannica.com''. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2022</ref>le Ngonye Falls.<ref>[https://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/waterfalls/ngonye-falls/ "Zambia Tourism: Waterfalls"]. ''Zambia Tourism''. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2022</ref> Metswedi e mebedi e metona ya motlakase wa metsi mo nokeng ke Letamo la Kariba, le le tlamelang lefatshe la [[Zambia]] le lefatshe la [[Zimbabwe]] ka motlakase, le Letamo la Cahora Bassa kwa lefatsheng la [[Mozambique]], le le tlamelang lefatshe la [[Mozambique]] le lefatshe la [[Aforika Borwa|Afrika Borwa]] ka motlakase. Mo godimo ga moo, diteišene tse pedi tse dinnye tsa motlakase kwa lefatsheng la [[Zambia]] di kwa Victoria Falls le Zengamina.<ref>Pasanisi, Francesco; Tebano, Carlo; Zarlenga, Francesco (March 2016). [[doi:10.3390/environments3010006|"A Survey near Tambara along the Lower Zambezi River".]] ''Environments''. '''3''' (1): 6. doi:10.3390/environments3010006</ref><ref>[http://www.nwzdt.org/?page_id=22 "Zengamina Hydro Project | North West Zambia Development Trust".] Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022</ref> == Tsela == === Tshimologo === Noka e tswa mo [[dambo]] e ntsho, e e nang le matlhaka mo sekgweng se se kitlaneng, se se tletseng makhubu sa miombo makgolo a matlhano (50 km (31 mi) kwa bokone jwa Mwinilunga le masome a mabedi (20 km (12 mi) kwa borwa jwa Ikelenge mo Kgaolong ya Ikelenge ya Porofense ya Bokone-Bophirima, Zambia, mo e ka nnang sekete le makgolo a matlhano le masome a mabedi le bone (1,524 metres (5,000 ft) godimo ga bogodimo jwa lewatle.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.muvitv.com/dilapidated-zambezi-source-site-worry-ikelenge-dc/ "Dilapidated Zambezi Source Site Worry Ikelenge DC".] ''muvitv.com''. Muvi TV. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015</ref>Lefelo le le dikologileng motswedi ono ke lefelo la bosetšhaba la segopodiso, lefelo le le sireleditsweng la sekgwa, le lefelo le le botlhokwa la dinonyane.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150904101922/http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=7178 "ZM002 Source of the Zambezi"]. ''birdlife.org''. Birdlife International. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.</ref> Go ela kwa botlhaba jwa motswedi wa metsi, molelwane wa metsi fa gare ga Melapo ya Congo le Zambezi ke molelwane o o supilweng sentle wa naga e e kwa godimo, o o tsamayang go tswa botlhaba go ya bophirima mme o wela ka bonako go ya kwa bokone le kwa borwa. Seno se kgaoganya ka phepafalo noka ya Lualaba (karolo e kgolo ya noka e e kwa godimo ya Congo) le [[noka ya Zambezi]]. Mo tikologong ya motswedi wa noka, lefelo le le kgaoganyang metsi ga le tlhalosiwe sentle, mme melapo e mebedi ya dinoka ga e kopane.<ref name=":0">Dorling Kindersley, pp. 84–85 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambezi#cite_note-Dorling-14]</ref> Kgaolo e e nosediwang ke noka ya Zambezi ke setlhaba se setoa se se nang le matlhakore a a kgaoganeng a a bogodimo jwa makgolo a robabongwe go ya ko sekete le makgolo a mabedi, se se bopilweng mo karolong e e kwa tengteng e e kwa kgakala ya dikhuti tsa metamorphic mme se kgabagantswe ke matlapa a a mogote a [[Victoria Falls]]. Kwa Chupanga, kwa karolong e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi, go na le matlapa a masetlhana a a serolwana le botala jwa motlhaba, a ka dinako tse dingwe a nang le lekgwamolelo, a a tlhagelelang mo boalong jwa noka ka paka ya komelelo, mme a nna a ntse a le teng go feta kwa Tete, koo a kopanngwang teng le dikhuti tse dikgolo tsa magala. Magala a fitlhelwa gape le mo kgaolong e e fa tlase ga Victoria Falls. Maje a a nang le gouta a fitlhelwa mo mafelong a le mmalwa.<ref>Ashton, Peter; Love, David; Mahachi, Harriet; Dirks, Paul. [https://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00599.pdf "An Overview of the Impacts of Mining and Mineral Processing Operations on Water Resources and Water Quality in the Zambezi, Limpopo AND Olifant Catchments in Southern Africa"] (PDF). ''International Institute for Environment and Development''. Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project, Southern Africa. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2020.</ref> === Karolo e e kwa Godimo ya Zambezi === Noka e elela go ya kwa borwabophirima go ya kwa lefatsheng la Angola ka makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane (240 km (150 mi), mme morago ga moo e kopanngwa ke dinoka tse di kgolo tse di jaaka Luena le Chifumage tse di elelang go tswa kwa dithabeng go ya kwa bokone-bophirima. <ref name=":0" />E retologela kwa borwa mme e nna lefelo le le nang le merwalela, le le nang le pharologano e kgolo ya bophara magareng ga dipaka tse di omileng le tsa dipula. E tsena mo sekgweng se se kitlaneng sa Cryptosepalum se se nnang se le setala, le fa go ntse jalo, mo letlhakoreng la yone la bophirima, go na le bojang jwa kwa Zambezia Bophirima. Fa e boela gape kwa Zambia, e bophara jwa 400 m (1,300 ft) ka paka ya dipula mme e elela ka bonako, ka diphefo tse di felelang kwa Chavuma Falls, koo noka e elelang ka phatlha ya matlapa. Noka e wela kwa godimo ka makgolo a mane (400 m (1,300 ft) go tswa kwa motsweding wa yone kwa sekete le makgolo a matlhano (1,500 m (4,900 ft) go ya kwa Chavuma Falls kwa sekete le lekgolo (1,100 m (3,600 ft), mo sekgaleng sa makgolo a mane (400 km (250 mi). Go tswa mo ntlheng eno go ya kwa Victoria Falls, bogodimo jwa lekadiba bo tshwana fela, bo wela fela ka lekgolo le boferabobedi (180 m (590 ft) go kgabaganya sekgala sa dikilometara di le makgolo a robangbobedi (800 (500 mi).<ref>Page, Geology (25 November 2014). [https://www.geologypage.com/2014/11/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River".] ''Geology Page''. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021</ref> Noka ya ntlha ya dinoka tse dikgolo tse di elelang mo Nokeng ya Zambezi ke Noka ya Kabompo e e kwa metsana ya Bokonebophirima jwa Zambia. Naga e noka eno e elelang mo go yone e fetoga lebala le legolo le le tletseng ka ditlhare tsa borassus. Go le gonnye go ela kwa borwa go na le motswedi wa Noka ya Lungwebungu. Eno ke tshimologo ya Barotse Floodplain, karolo e e itsegeng thata ya Zambezi e e kwa godimo, mme karolo e e kwa bokone ga e na merwalela e mentsi mme e akaretsa ditlhaketlhake tsa naga e e kwa godimo mo gare.<ref>[https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/zambezi-river.html "Zambezi River Facts and Information".] ''www.victoriafalls-guide.net''. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2021</ref> Mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le masome a mararo kwa tlase ga motswedi wa Lungwebungu, naga e nna e e sephaphathi thata, mme lefelo le le tlwaelegileng la Barotse Floodplain le a bulega, ka merwalela e e fitlhang bophara jwa dikilometara di le masome a mabedi le botlhano ka paka ya dipula. Mo sekgaleng sa dikilometara di feta makgolo a mabedi go ela kwa tlase ga noka, modikologo wa morwalela wa ngwaga le ngwaga o laola tikologo ya tlholego le botshelo jwa batho, setšhaba le setso. Mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le masome a robabobedi kwa tlase, Luanginga, e e nang le melatswana ya yone e e elelang mo lefelong le legolo kwa bophirima, e kopana le Zambezi. Sekgala se se khutshwane kwa godimo kwa botlhaba, molapo o mogolo o kopana le one ka nako ya dipula ka go penologa ga thulaganyo ya Luampa/Luena.<ref name=":0" /> Kgakajana le fa noka eno e kopanelang teng le Luanginga, go na le Lealui, nngwe ya ditoropokgolo tsa batho ba Ba-Lozi, ba ba nnang kwa kgaolong ya Zambia ya Barotseland kwa metsana e e kwa Bophirima. Kgosana ya Ba-Lozi e na le nngwe ya dikago tsa yone tse pedi kwa Lealui; e nngwe e kwa Limulunga, e e kwa godimo mme e nna motsemogolo ka paka ya dipula. Go fuduga ga ngwaga le ngwaga go tswa kwa Lealui go ya kwa Limulunga ke tiragalo e kgolo, e e ketekiwang jaaka nngwe ya meletlo e e itsegeng thata ya Zambia, e leng Kuomboka. Morago ga Lealui, noka e retologela kwa borwa-botlhaba. Go tswa kwa botlhaba, e tswelela go amogela melatswana e mennye e mentsi, mme kwa bophirima, ga e na melatswana e megolo ya dikilometara di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane . Pele ga moo, Diphororo tsa Ngonye le makhubu a a tlang morago ga tsone a kgoreletsa go tsamaya ka sekepe. Borwa jwa phororo ya Ngonye, noka e kgabaganyetsa kwa Namibia's Caprivi Strip.<ref name=":0" />Kwa tlase ga motswedi wa Noka ya Cuando le Noka ya Zambezi, noka e sokologela kwa botlhaba. Fano, noka eno e sephara e bile ga e boteng e bile e elela ka bonya, mme fa e ntse e elela go ya kwa botlhaba go ela kwa molelwaneng wa setlhaba se segolo sa bogare jwa Afrika, e fitlha mo mosimeng o Victoria Falls e welang mo go one. === Zambezi e e fa gare === Diphororo tsa Victoria, kwa Zambezi e e kwa godimo e felelang teng le kwa Zambezi e e fa gare e simologang teng Diphororo tsa Victoria di tsewa e le molelwane fa gare ga noka e e kwa godimo le e e fa gare ya Zambezi. Ka fa tlase ga tsone, noka e tswelela go elela go ya kwa botlhaba mo e ka nnang makgolo a mabedi (200 km (120 mi), e kgabaganya dipota tse di tlhamaletseng tsa basalt masome a mabedi go ya go masome a marataro (66 go ya go 197 ft) go kgaogana mo dithabeng tse di makgolo a mabedi go ya go makgolo a mabedi le botlhano (250 m (660 go ya go 820 ft) kwa godimo. Noka eno e elela ka bofefo go ralala Batoka Gorge, mme e kgaosediwa gangwe le gape ke matlapa a lewatle. E tlhalositswe <ref>Edington, Sean (29 December 2020). [https://safpar.com/is-rafting-on-the-zambezi-river-below-the-victoria-falls-dangerous/ "Is rafting on the Zambezi River below The Victoria Falls Dangerous?".] ''SAFPAR''. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.</ref>jaaka nngwe ya maeto a a kgatlhisang thata a metsi a a phepa mo lefatsheng, e leng kgwetlho e kgolo thata mo bathong ba ba dirisang diketswana le ba ba dirisang diphaepe. Kwa morago ga mosima ono go na le melapo e le mmalwa e e felelang ka dikilometara di le makgolo a mabedi le bone kwa tlase ga Victoria Falls. Mo sekgaleng seno, noka e wela kwa tlase ka dimetara di le makgolo a mabedi le botlhano. Ka nako eno, noka eno e tsena mo Letsheng la Kariba, le le neng la tlhongwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabongwe (1959) fa go sena go wediwa go agiwa Letamo la Kariba. Letsha leno ke lengwe la matsha a magolo go a gaisa otlhe a a dirilweng ke batho mo lefatsheng, mme didirisiwa tse di fetlhang motlakase o o tswang mo metsing tse di leng mo letamong leno di naya bontsi jwa lefatshe la [[Zambia]] le lefatshe la [[Zimbabwe]] motlakase. Noka ya Luangwa le ya Kafue ke melatswana e mebedi e megolo go gaisa e e elelang kafa molemeng wa noka ya Zambezi. Noka ya Kafue e kopana le noka e kgolo ka molatswana o o didimetseng, o o boteng wa bophara jwa dimetara di ka nna lekgolo le masome a robabobedi . Go tswa mo ntlheng eno, noka ya Zambezi e sokologa go ya kwa bokone mme e bo e tswelela e elela go ya kwa botlhaba. Kwa go kopanngwang le noka ya Luangwa (15°37' S), e tsena mo [[Mozambique|Mozambique.]]<ref>Valkenburgh, Blaire Van; White, Paula A. (20 April 2021). [[doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1|"Figure 1: Map showing location of Luangwa Valley and Greater Kafue Ecosystem in Zambia".]] ''PeerJ''. '''9''': e11313. doi:10.7717/peerj.11313/fig-1</ref> Zambezi e e fa gare e felela fa noka e tsenang mo Letsheng la Cahora Bassa, e e neng e le lefelo la diphefo tse di kotsi tse di itsegeng jaaka Kebrabassa; letsha leno le ne la tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone (1974) ka go agiwa ga Letamo la Cahora Bassa.<ref>[https://archive.gramene.org/db/ontology/search?id=44313 "GAZ Term "Zambezi River" (GAZ:00044898)".] ''archive.gramene.org''. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021</ref> === Noka e e kwa tlase ya Zambezi === Noka ya Zambezi e e kwa tlase ya dikilometara di le makgolo a marataro le makgolo a matlhano go tswa kwa Cahora Bassa go ya kwa Lewatleng la India e kgona go tsamaisiwa ka dikepe, le fa gone noka eno e se boteng mo mafelong a le mantsi ka paka ya komelelo. Noka eno e nna e se boteng fa e tsena mo mokgatšheng o o atlhameng mme e bo e anama mo lefelong le legolo. Noka eno e dikologilwe ke dithaba tse di kwa godimo mo lefelong le le lengwe fela, e leng Lupata Gorge, e e leng dikilometara di le makgolo a mararo le masome a mabedi go tswa mo molomong wa yone. Fano, e bophara jwa dimetara di le makgolo a mabedi fela. Mo mafelong a mangwe e bophara jwa dikilometara di le tlhano go ya go di le boferabobedi mme e elela ka iketlo mo melatswaneng e le mentsi. Noka eno e na le motlhaba, mme dintshi tsa yone di kwa tlase e bile di na le matlhare a lotlhaka. Le fa go ntse jalo, kwa mafelong mangwe, segolobogolo ka paka ya dipula, melatswana eno e kopana go nna noka e le nngwe e kgolo e e elelang ka bonako. Mo e ka nnang dikilometara tse lekgolo le masome a marataro go tswa kwa lewatleng, [[Noka ya Zambezi]] e amogela metsi a Letsha la Malawi ka [[Noka ya Shire]]. <ref name=":0" />Fa noka eno e fitlha mo Lewatleng la India, e kgaogana go nna noka ya delta. Nngwe le nngwe ya metswedi e megolo ya metsi, Kongone, Luabo le Timbwe, e thibetswe ke motlhaba. Lekala le le kwa bokone, le le bidiwang molomo wa Chinde, le na le boteng jo bo kwa tlase jwa 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) kwa botsenong le 4 metres (13 ft) go ya kwa teng, mme ke lekala le le dirisediwang go tsamaisa dikepe. Mo e ka nnang dikilometara di le lekgolo go ya kwa bokone go na le noka e e bidiwang Quelimane, e e bidiwang ka toropo e e mo molomong wa yone. Noka eno, e e ntseng e gogomoga, e amogela metsi a a fetang a Zambezi ka paka ya dipula.<ref>[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/z/zambezi.html "Zambezi - Encyclopedia"]. ''theodora.com''. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021</ref> == Metswedi == s0t5kv1lgd3erp3bzuq4nw5qxdht74x