Wikipedia warwiki https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syahan_nga_Pakli MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.22 first-letter Medya Pinaurog Hiruhimangraw Gumaramit Hiruhimangaw hiton gumaramit Wikipedia Hiruhimangraw hiton Wikipedia Paypay Hiruhimangraw hiton paypay MedyaWiki Hiruhimangraw hiton MedyaWiki Batakan Hiruhimangraw hiton batakan Bulig Hiruhimangaw hiton bulig Kaarangay Hiruhimangraw hiton kaarangay TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Istanbul 0 11402 7782428 7782375 2026-04-07T19:19:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name=Istanbul | native_name=''İstanbul'' | native_name_lang=tr | settlement_type=Munisipyo metropolitano | official_name=Munisipyo Metropolitano han Istanbul | image_skyline=Istanbul collage 5j.jpg | image_caption=Clockwise from top: View of [[Golden Horn]] between [[Galata]] and [[Sarayburnu|Seraglio Point]] including the [[Historic Areas of Istanbul|historic areas]]; [[Maiden's Tower]]; a [[Istanbul nostalgic tramways|nostalgic tram]] on [[İstiklal Avenue]]; [[Levent]] business district with [[Dolmabahçe Palace]]; [[Ortaköy Mosque]] in front of the [[Bosphorus Bridge]]; and [[Hagia Sophia]]. | image_alt=See caption | imagesize=300px | image_blank_emblem= | blank_emblem_type=Tatak han Munisipyo Metropolitano han Istanbul | blank_emblem_size=110px | pushpin_map=Turkey | pushpin_map_caption=Namumutang ha Turkiya | pushpin_map_alt=Turkey, with Istanbul pinpointed at the northwest along a thin strip of land bounded by water | pushpin_mapsize=300px | latd=41|latm=00|lats=49|latNS=N | longd=28|longm=57|longs=18|longEW=E | coordinates_region=TR | subdivision_type=Country | subdivision_name=[[Turkey]] | subdivision_type1=[[Geographical regions of Turkey|Region]] | subdivision_name1=[[Marmara Region|Marmara]] | subdivision_type2=[[Provinces of Turkey|Province]] | subdivision_name2=[[Istanbul Province|Istanbul]] | leader_party=[[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|AKP]] | leader_title=Mayor | leader_name=[[Ekrem İmamoğlu]] | established_title=Established | established_date= | established_title1=&nbsp;-&nbsp;[[Byzantium]] | established_date1=c. 660 BC{{efn|name=byz-date}} | established_title2=&nbsp;-&nbsp;[[Constantinople]] | established_date2=330 AD | established_title3=&nbsp;-&nbsp;Istanbul | established_date3=1930 (officially){{efn|name=name-1930|The name of the city was officially changed to its present name of Istanbul in 1930, but the name has been in use since even before the 1453 [[Fall of Constantinople|Ottoman conquest]].}} | parts_type=Districts | parts=[[List of districts of Istanbul|39]] | area_metro_km2=5461 | area_metro_mi2=2063 | area_metro_footnotes={{efn|name=city-area}} | population_total=14,025,646 | population_as_of=31 Disyembre 2015 | population_footnotes=<ref name=citypolution.de>{{Cite web|title=Turkey: Provinces and Major Cities|quote=The population of the Turkish cities and provinces according to census results and latest register-based tabulations|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html|website=www.citytpopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=31 Disyembre 2014|accessdate=26 Hunyo 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=All urban agglomerations of the world with a population of 1 million inhabitants or more|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html|website=www.citypopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=1 Abril 2015|accessdate=26 Hunyo 2015}}</ref><ref name="Population of Turkey">{{Cite web|url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2015|date=31 Disyembre 2015|accessdate=28 Enero 2016}}</ref> | population_rank=[[List of cities in Turkey|1st in Turkey]]<br>[[List of cities proper by population|6th in the world]] | population_density_km2= | population_demonym=Istanbulite(s)<br/>([[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''İstanbullu(lar)'') | timezone=[[Eastern European Time|EET]] | utc_offset=+2 | timezone_DST=[[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]] | utc_offset_DST=+3 | postal_code_type=[[Postal code]] | postal_code=34000 to 34850 | area_code=0212 <small>(European side)</small> <br/>0216 <small>(Asian side)</small> | registration_plate= 34 | website={{URL|http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx|Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality}} }} An '''Istanbul''' (/ˌɪstænˈbʊl/ o /ˌɪstænˈbuːl/ o /ɪˈstænbʊl/; Tinurkiya: İstanbul [isˈtɑnbuɫ]), ha kasaysayan kilala gihapon komo Constantinople ngan Byzantium, amo an may gidadakoi nga populasyon nga syudad ha Turkey ngan han mao nga nasod sentro han ekonomiya, kultura ngan kasaysayan. An Istanbul usa nga transcontinental nga syudad ha Eurasia, namumutang ha may Estrecho han Bosphorus (nga nagbubulag han Europa ngan Asya) ha butnga han [[Dagat Marmara]] ngan [[Itom nga Dagat]]. An sentro han pankomersyohan ngan pankasaysayan in namumutang ha may Europeo nga dapit ngan (1/3) kat-tulo han iya populasyon in namumutang naman ha may Asyano nga bahin.<ref name="wctr281">{{harvnb|WCTR Society; Unʼyu Seisaku Kenkyū Kikō|2004|p=281}}</ref> An syudad in sentro han pagdudumara han Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (nga cotermino han Lalawigan han Istanbul), kun diin may-ada populasyon nga 14.7 milyones nga molupyo.<ref name=citypolution.de/> An Istanbul in usa ha kanan kalibutan may pinakadamo nga tawo nga syudad ngan nagraranggo liwat hin kanan kalibutan ika-7 ha may pinakadamo nga molupyo ngan gidadakoi nga syudad han Europa. [[Paypay:Istanbul panorama and skyline.jpg|950px|center|syudad han Istanbul]] ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} ===Bibliograpiya=== {{refbegin|27em}} *{{Cite book|last=ʻAner|first=Nadav|date=2005|editor-last=Pergola|editor-first=Sergio Della|editor2-last=Gilboa|editor2-first=Amos|editor3-last=Ṭal|editor3-first=Rami|title=The Jewish People Policy Planning Institute Planning Assessment, 2004–2005: The Jewish People Between Thriving and Decline|url=https://archive.org/details/jewishpeoplepoli0000unse|publisher=Gefen Publishing House Ltd|location=Jerusalem|isbn=978-965-229-346-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Athanasopulos|first=Haralambos|title=Greece, Turkey, and the Aegean Sea: A Case Study in International Law| date = 2001|publisher=McFarland & Company, Inc|location=Jefferson, N.C.|isbn=978-0-7864-0943-3|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Barnes|first=Timothy David|title=Constantine and Eusebius|url=https://archive.org/details/constantineeuseb00barn|date=1981|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, Mass.|isbn=978-0-674-16531-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Baynes|first=Norman H.|editor-last=Baynes|editor-first=Norman H.|editor2-last=Moss|editor2-first=Henry S. L. B|title=Byzantium: An Introduction to East Roman Civilization|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.462718|date=1949|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-0-674-16531-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Boyar|first1=Ebru|last2=Fleet|first2=Kate|title=A Social History of Ottoman Istanbul| date = 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.|isbn=978-0-521-13623-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Bloom|first1=Jonathan M.|last2=Blair|first2=Sheila|title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture: Delhi to Mosque|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=RA1-PA315|accessdate=11 Abril 2013|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-530991-1|page=1|quote=Whatever the prehistoric antecedents of Istanbul, the continuous historical development of the site began with the foundation of a Greek colony from Megara in the mid-7th century BCE...|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Brink-Danan|first=Marcy|title=Jewish Life in Twenty-First-Century Turkey: The Other Side of Tolerance| date = 2011|publisher=Indiana University Press|series=New Anthropologies of Europe|location=Bloomington, Ind.|isbn=978-0-253-35690-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Brummett|first=Palmira Johnson|title=Image and Imperialism in the Ottoman Revolutionary Press, 1908–1911| date = 2000|publisher=SUNY Press|location=Albany, N.Y.|isbn=978-0-7914-4463-4|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Cantor|first=Norman F.|title=Civilization of the Middle Ages|url=https://archive.org/details/civilizationofmi0000norm|date=1994|publisher=HarperCollins|location=New York|isbn=978-0-06-092553-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Çelik|first=Zeynep|title=The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_T4MUpP6zCuIC|date=1993|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley, Calif., & Los Angeles|isbn=978-0-520-08239-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|author=Chamber of Architects of Turkey|title=Architectural Guide to Istanbul: Historic Peninsula| date = 2006|volume=1|publisher=Chamber of Architects of Turkey, Istanbul Metropolitan Branch|location=Istanbul|isbn=978-975-395-899-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Chandler|first=Tertius|title=Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census|url=https://archive.org/details/fourthousandyear0000chan|date=1987|publisher=St. David's University Press|location=Lewiston, N.Y.|isbn=978-0-88946-207-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Connell|first=John| date = 2010|title=Medical Tourism|series=CAB Books|publisher=CABI|location=Wallingford, Eng.|isbn=978-1-84593-660-0|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Dahmus|first=Joseph|date=1995|title=A History of the Middle Ages|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmiddlea0000dahm|publisher=Barnes & Noble Publishing|location=New York|isbn=978-0-7607-0036-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Davidson|first=Linda Kay|last2=Gitlitz|first2=David Martin|title=Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland: An Encyclopedia|volume=1|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.| date = 2002|isbn=978-1-57607-004-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=De Sélincourt|first=Aubery|title=The Histories|url=https://archive.org/details/histories00hero|series=Penguin Classics|editor-last=Marincola|editor-first=John M|date=2003|publisher=Penguin Books|location=London|isbn=978-0-14-044908-2|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=De Souza|first=Philip|title=The Greek and Persian Wars, 499-386 B.C| date = 2003|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-415-96854-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor-last=Dumper|editor-first=Michael|editor2-last=Stanley|editor2-first=Bruce E.|title=Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/citiesofmiddleea0000unse|date=2007|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, Calif.|isbn=978-1-57607-919-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Düring|first=Bleda S.|title=The Prehistory of Asia Minor: From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Societies| date = 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.|isbn=978-0-521-14981-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Efe|first1=Recep|last2=Cürebal|first2=Isa|chapter=Impacts of the "Marmaray" Project (Bosphorus Tube Crossing, Tunnels, and Stations) on Transportation and Urban Environment in Istanbul|title=Engineering Earth: The Impacts of Megaengineering Projects|url=https://archive.org/details/engineeringearth00brun|date=2011|editor-last=Brunn|editor-first=Stanley D|publisher=Springer|location=London & New York|isbn=978-90-481-9919-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/engineeringearth00brun/page/715 715]–34|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Finkel|first=Caroline|title=Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1923| date = 2005|publisher=Basic Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-465-02396-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Freely|first=John|title=Istanbul: The Imperial City| date = 1996|publisher=Viking|location=New York|isbn=978-0-670-85972-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Freely|first=John|title=The Companion Guide to Istanbul and Around the Marmara|url=https://archive.org/details/companionguideto0000free_x9y4|date=2000|publisher=Companion Guides|location=Woodbridge, Eng.|isbn=978-1-900639-31-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Freely|first=John|title=A History of Ottoman Architecture| date = 2011|publisher=WIT Press|location=Southampton, Eng.|isbn=978-1-84564-506-9|ref=harv}} *{{Cite journal|last=Georgacas|first=Demetrius John | date = 1947 |title=The Names of Constantinople |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association |volume=78 |pages=347–67 |doi=10.2307/283503 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |jstor=283503|ref=harv }} *{{Cite book|last1=Göksel|first1=Aslı|last2=Kerslake|first2=Celia| date = 2005|title=Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar|series=Comprehensive Grammars|publisher=Routledge|location=Abingdon, Eng.|isbn=978-0-415-21761-3|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor-last=Göktürk|editor-first=Deniz|editor2-last=Soysal|editor2-first=Levent|editor3-last=Türeli|editor3-first=İpek| date = 2010|title=Orienting Istanbul: Cultural Capital of Europe?|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=978-0-415-58011-3|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Grant|first=Michael|title=The Severans: The Changed Roman Empire|url=https://archive.org/details/severanschangedr0000gran|date=1996|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-415-12772-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Gregory|first=Timothy E.|title=A History of Byzantium|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofbyzanti0000greg_2ndedi|date=2010|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-1-4051-8471-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Gül|first=Murat|title=The Emergence of Modern Istanbul: Transformation and Modernisation of a City| date = 2012|publisher=IB.Tauris|location=London|edition=Revised Paperback Edition|isbn=978-1780763743|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Harter|first=Jim|title=World Railways of the Nineteenth Century: A Pictorial History in Victorian Engravings| date = 2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore|edition=illustrated|isbn=978-0-8018-8089-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor-last=Holt|editor-first=Peter M.|editor2-last=Lambton|editor2-first=Ann K. S.|editor3-last=Lewis|editor3-first=Bernard|title=The Cambridge History of Islam|volume=1A| date = 1977|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.|isbn=978-0-521-29135-4|edition=illustrated, reprint|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Isaac|first=Benjamin H.|title=The Greek Settlements in Thrace Until the Macedonian Conquest| date = 1986|publisher=BRILL|location=Leiden, the Neth.|isbn=978-90-04-06921-3|edition=illustrated|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Kapucu|first1=Naim|last2=Palabiyik|first2=Hamit|title=Turkish Public Administration: From Tradition to the Modern Age|series=USAK Publications|volume=17|publisher=USAK|location=Ankara| date = 2008|isbn=978-605-4030-01-9|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Karpat|first=Kemal H.|title=The Gecekondu: Rural Migration and Urbanization|url=https://archive.org/details/gecekondururalmi0000karp|date=1976|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.|isbn=978-0-521-20954-0|edition=illustrated|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor-last=Keyder|editor-first=Çağlar| date = 1999|title=Istanbul: Between the Global and the Local|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=Lanham, Md.|isbn=978-0-8476-9495-2|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=King|first=Charles| date = 2014|title=Midnight at the Pera Palace, The birth of modern Istanbul|publisher=Norton & Cy|location=|isbn=9780393089141-|ref=}} *{{Cite book|last1=Klimczuk|first1=Stephen|last2=Warner|first2=Gerald|date=2009|title=Secret Places, Hidden Sanctuaries: Uncovering Mysterious Sights, Symbols, and Societies|url=https://archive.org/details/secretplaceshidd0000klim|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4027-6207-9|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Knieling|first1=Jörg|last2=Othengrafen|first2=Frank|title=Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning|series=Urban and Regional Planning and Development|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd|location=Surrey, Eng.|isbn=978-0-7546-7565-5| date = 2009|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor-last=Köksal|editor-first=Özlem|title=World Film Locations: Istanbul|publisher=Intellect Books|location=Bristol, Eng.| date = 2012|isbn=978-1-84150-567-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Köse|first=Yavuz|editor-last=Atabaki|editor-first=Touraj|editor2-last=Brockett|editor2-first=Gavin|chapter=Vertical Bazaars of Modernity: Western Department Stores and Their Staff in Istanbul (1889–1921)|title=Ottoman and Republican Turkish Labour History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.| date = 2009|isbn=978-0-521-12805-6|pages=91–114|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Landau|first=Jacob M.| date = 1984|title=Atatürk and the Modernization of Turkey|publisher=E.J. Brill|location=Leiden, the Neth.|isbn=978-90-04-07070-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Limberis|first=Vasiliki|title=Divine Heiress: The Virgin Mary and the Creation of Christian Constantinople|url=https://archive.org/details/divineheiressvir0000limb|date=1994|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-415-09677-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Lister|first=Richard P.|title=The Travels of Herodotus| date = 1979|publisher=Gordon & Cremonesi|location=London|isbn=978-0-86033-081-3|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Masters|first1=Bruce Alan|last2=Ágoston|first2=Gábor| date = 2009|title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|publisher=Infobase Publishing|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Morris|first=Ian|title=Social Development|date=October 2010|publisher=Stanford University|location=Stanford, Calif.|url=http://ianmorris.org/docs/social-development.pdf|accessdate=5 Hulyo 2012|format=pdf|ref=harv}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915115325/http://ianmorris.org/docs/social-development.pdf |date=2012-09-15 }} {{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://ianmorris.org/docs/social-development.pdf |access-date=11 Enero 2015 |archive-date=15 Septyembre 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915115325/http://ianmorris.org/docs/social-development.pdf |url-status=unfit }} *{{Cite book|last1=Mossberger|first1=Karen|last2=Clarke|first2=Susan E.|last3=John|first3=Peter|title=The Oxford Handbook of Urban Politics|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhandbookof0000unse_d9x2|series=Oxford Handbooks in Politics and International Relations|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-0-19-536786-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Necipoğlu|first=Gülru|title=Architecture, Ceremonial, and Power: The Topkapi Palace in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries|url=https://archive.org/details/architecturecere0000neci|date=1991|publisher=The MIT Press|location=Cambridge, Mass.|isbn=978-0-262-14050-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Necipoğlu|first=Gülru|contribution= From Byzantine Constantinople to Ottoman Kostantiniyye|editor-last=ölcer|editor-first=Nazan|title=From Byzantion to Istanbul|publisher=SSM|location=Istanbul| date = 2010|isbn=978-605-4348-04-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Norris|first=Pippa| date = 2010|title=Public Sentinel: News Media & Governance Reform|publisher=World Bank Publications|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=978-0-8213-8200-4|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|author=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|title=Istanbul, Turkey|series=OECD Territorial Reviews| date = 2008|publisher=OECD Publishing|location=Paris|isbn=978-92-64-04371-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|author=Oxford Business Group| date = 2009|title=The Report: Turkey 2009|publisher=Oxford Business Group|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-1-902339-13-9|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Papathanassis|first=Alexis|date=2011|title=The Long Tail of Tourism: Holiday Niches and Their Impact on Mainstream Tourism|url=https://archive.org/details/longtailoftouris0000unse|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=978-3-8349-3062-0|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Quantic|first=Roy| date = 2008|title=Climatology for Airline Pilots|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-0-470-69847-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Reinert|first=Stephen W.|editor-last=Mango|editor-first=Cyril|title=The Oxford History of Byzantium| date = 2002|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, Eng.|isbn=978-0-19-814098-6|chapter=Fragmentation (1204–1453)|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Reisman|first=Arnold|title=Turkey's Modernization: Refugees from Nazism and Atatürk's Vision|url=https://archive.org/details/turkeysmoderniza0000reis|date=2006|publisher=New Academia Publishing, LLC|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=978-0-9777908-8-3|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Roebuck|first=Carl|title=Ionian Trade and Colonization| date = 1959|series=Monographs on Archaeology and Fine Arts|publisher=Archaeological Institute of America|location=New York|isbn=978-0-89005-528-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Room|first=Adrian|title=Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites|url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofworl02edroom|date=2006|publisher=McFarland & Company|location=Jefferson, N.C.|edition=2nd|isbn=978-0-7864-2248-7|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Rôzen|first=Mînnā|title=A History of the Jewish Community in Istanbul: The Formative Years, 1453–1566| date = 2002|publisher=BRILL|location=Leiden, the Neth.|edition=illustrated|isbn=978-90-04-12530-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Sanal|first=Aslihan|editor-last=Fischer|editor-first=Michael M. J.|editor2-last=Dumit|editor2-first=Joseph|date=2011|title=New Organs Within Us: Transplants and the Moral Economy|url=https://archive.org/details/neworganswithinu0000sana|series=Experimental Futures|edition=illustrated|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Chapel Hill, N.C.|isbn=978-0-8223-4912-9|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Schmitt|first=Oliver Jens|title=Levantiner: Lebenswelten und Identitäten einer ethnokonfessionellen Gruppe im osmanischen Reich im "langen 19. Jahrhundert" | date = 2005|publisher=Oldenbourg|location=München|language=German|isbn=978-3-486-57713-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Shaw|first1=Stanford J.|last2=Shaw|first2=Ezel K.|title=History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey|volume=2| date = 1977|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, Eng.|isbn=978-0-521-29166-8|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Taşan-Kok|first=Tuna|title=Budapest, Istanbul, and Warsaw: Institutional and Spatial Change|publisher=Eburon Uitgeverij B.V|location=Delft, the Neth.| date = 2004|isbn=978-90-5972-041-1|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=Jane|title=Imperial Istanbul: A Traveller's Guide: Includes Iznik, Bursa and Edirne|url=https://archive.org/details/imperialistanbul0000tayl|publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|location=New York|date=2007|isbn=978-1-84511-334-6|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last1=Tigrek|first1=Sahnaz|last2=Kibaroğlu|first2=Ayșegül| date = 2011|editor-last=Kibaroğlu|editor-first=Ayșegül|editor2-last=Scheumann|editor2-first=Waltina|editor3-last=Kramer|editor3-first=Annika|title=Turkey's Water Policy: National Frameworks and International Cooperation|chapter=Strategic Role of Water Resources for Turkey|publisher=Springer|location=London & New York|isbn=978-3-642-19635-5|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|editor=Time Out Guides|title=Time Out Istanbul|url=https://archive.org/details/timeoutistanbul0000unse|publisher=Time Out Guides|location=London|date=2010|isbn=978-1-84670-115-3|ref={{sfnRef|Time Out Guides|2010}}}} *{{Cite book|last=Turan|first=Neyran|editor1-last=Sorensen|editor1-first=André|editor2-last=Okata|editor2-first=Junichiro|title=Megacities: Urban Form, Governance, and Sustainability|series=Library for Sustainable Urban Regeneration|publisher=Springer|location=London & New York| date = 2010|pages=223–42|chapter=Towards an Ecological Urbanism for Istanbul|isbn=978-4-431-99266-0|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|author=WCTR Society; Unʼyu Seisaku Kenkyū Kikō|title=Urban Transport and the Environment: An International Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/urbantransporten0000unse_l6o6|date=2004|publisher=Elsevier|location=Amsterdam|isbn=978-0-08-044512-0|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Wedel|first=Heidi| date = 2000|editor1-last=Ibrahim|editor1-first=Ferhad|editor2-last=Gürbey|editor2-first=Gülistan|title=The Kurdish Conflict in Turkey|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|location=Berlin|isbn=978-3-8258-4744-9|pages=181–93|ref=harv}} *{{Cite book|last=Wynn|first=Martin|title=Planning and Urban Growth in Southern Europe|series=Studies in History, Planning, and the Environment|publisher=Mansell|location=Los Altos, Calif.| date = 1984|isbn=978-0-7201-1608-3|ref=harv}} {{refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|Istanbul}} *{{Wikivoyage-inline}} * [http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx Official website of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality] * [http://english.istanbul.gov.tr/ Official website of the Istanbul Governorship] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222171620/http://english.istanbul.gov.tr/ |date=2006-12-22 }} * [http://sehirrehberi.ibb.gov.tr/Map.aspx?&scl=6&cx=88707&cy=96189&ap=uydu&lng=en Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality: Interactive aerial photos (maps) of Istanbul from 1946, 1966, 1982, and 2005] * [http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Organization/MunicipalHistory/Pages/Live_City_View_in_Istanbul.aspx Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality: Live views of major landmarks in Istanbul] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704072848/http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Organization/MunicipalHistory/Pages/Live_City_View_in_Istanbul.aspx |date=2015-07-04 }} * [http://www.istanbulbulteni.com/ Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality: Istanbul Bulteni Magazine official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222203756/http://www.istanbulbulteni.com/ |date=2012-02-22 }} [[Kaarangay:Mga syudad, bungto ngan baryo ha Turkeya]] [[Kaarangay:Istanbul]] r8ovd9cklhonr3uwa89dzele9gk9tl7 Imperyo Otomano 0 14625 7782426 7773900 2026-04-07T16:05:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782426 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Osmanli-nisani.svg|thumb|right|200px|]] An '''Imperyo Otomano/Ottoman''' o '''Estado Otomano/Ottoman''', nga kilala liwat ha yana nga Imperyo Turkiyanon o Turkiya, amo an usa ka imperyo nga nagtikang han tuig 1299 ngadto ha Nobyembre 1, 1922 (ha paging monarkiya imperyo) o Hulyo 24, 1923 (de jure, ha paging estado). Nasundan ini han Republika han Turkiya, nga opisyal nga natukod han Oktubre 29, 1923. ==Pinanbasaran== {{reflist}} ==Dugang nga barasahon== {{refbegin}} *Barkey, Karen. ''Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective.'' (2008) 357pp [http://www.amazon.com/Empire-Difference-Ottomans-Comparative-Perspective/dp/0521715334/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1240307430&sr=1-7 Amazon.com], excerpt and text search * Davison, Roderic H. ''Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856–1876'' (New York: Gordian Press, 1973) * Deringil, Selim. ''The well-protected domains: ideology and the legitimation of power in the Ottoman Empire, 1876–1909'' (London: IB Tauris, 1998) * Findley, Carter V. ''Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte, 1789–1922'' (Princeton University Press, 1980) * Faroqhi, Suraiya N. ''The Cambridge History of Turkey'' (Volume 3, 2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-History-Turkey-3/dp/0521620953/ excerpt and text search], essays by scholars * Faroqhi, Suraiya N. and Kate Fleet, eds. ''The Cambridge History of Turkey'' (Volume 2 2012) essays by scholars *Finkel, Caroline. ''Osman's Dream: The Story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1923''. John Murray, 2005. ISBN 0-7195-5513-2. [http://www.amazon.com/Osmans-Dream-History-Ottoman-Empire/dp/0465023967/ ], excerpt and text search * Fleet, Kate, ed. '' The Cambridge History of Turkey'' (Volume 1, 2009) [http://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-History-Turkey-1/dp/0521620937/ excerpt and text search], essays by scholars *Goodwin, Jason. ''Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire'' (2003) [http://www.amazon.com/Lords-Horizons-History-Ottoman-Empire/dp/0312420668/ excerpt and text search] *Imber, Colin. ''The Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650: The Structure of Power''. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. ISBN 0-333-61386-4. *[[Halil İnalcık|Inalcik, Halil]] and Quataert, Donald, ed. ''An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1914.'' 1995. 1026 pp. *Imber, Colin. ''The Ottoman Empire, 1300–1650: The Structure of Power'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2002) ISBN 0-333-61386-4. * Inalcik, Halil. ''The Ottoman Empire: 1300–1600'' (Hachette UK, 2013) *Inalcik, Halil, and Quataert, Donald, ed. ''An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300–1914.'' 1995. 1026 pp. * Itzkowitz, Norman. ''Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition, University of Chicago Press, 1980) ISBN 0-226-38806-9 * Kasaba, Reşat, ed. ''The Cambridge History of Turkey'' (vol 4 2008) [http://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-History-Turkey-4/dp/0521620961/ excerpt and text search vol 4] comprehensive coverage by scholars of 20th century * Kinross, Patrick Balfour Baron, and John Patrick Douglas Balfour Kinross. ''The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire'' (Morrow, 1977) *McCarthy, Justin. ''The Ottoman Turks: An Introductory History to 1923'' 1997 [http://www.questia.com/read/58745078 Questia.com], online edition * McMeekin, Sean. ''The Berlin-Baghdad Express: The Ottoman Empire and Germany's Bid for World Power'' (2010) * Nicolle, David. ''Armies of the Ottoman Turks 1300–1774'' (Osprey Publishing, 1983) * Palmer, Alan.. ''The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire''. (New York: Barnes and Noble, 1992) 306 p., maps. ISBN 0-87131-754-0 *Pamuk, Sevket. ''A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire.'' 1999. 276 pp. *Quataert, Donald. ''The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922'' (2005), standard scholarly survey [http://www.amazon.com/Ottoman-1700-1922-Approaches-European-History/dp/0521547822/ excerpt and text search] ISBN 0-521-54782-2. *Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. ''History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. 1,'' 1977. * Sicker, Martin. ''The Islamic World in Ascendancy: From the Arab Conquests to the Siege of Vienna'' (Praeger Publishers, 2000) [http://www.questia.com/read/28606454/the-islamic-world-in-ascendancy-from-the-arab-conquests online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114081702/https://www.questia.com/read/28606454/the-islamic-world-in-ascendancy-from-the-arab-conquests |date=2015-01-14 }} * Sicker, Martin. ''The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire'' (Praeger, 2001) [http://www.questia.com/read/101155225/the-islamic-world-in-decline-from-the-treaty-of-karlowitz online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114082159/https://www.questia.com/read/101155225/the-islamic-world-in-decline-from-the-treaty-of-karlowitz |date=2015-01-14 }} *Somel, Selcuk Aksin. ''Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire.'' (2003). 399 pp. *Stone, Norman "Turkey in the Russian Mirror" pages 86–100 from ''Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy'' edited by Mark & Ljubica Erickson, Weidenfeld & Nicolson: London, 2004 ISBN 0-297-84913-1. *{{Cite book | last1=Uyar | first1=Mesut | last2=Erickson | first2=Edward | title=A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk | year=2009 | isbn=978-0-275-98876-0 }} *{{EB1911}} {{refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|Ottoman Empire|wikt=no|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=World History/Middle Eastern Empires}} {{Library resources box|onlinebooks=yes}} *[http://courses.washington.edu/otap/ Ottoman Text Archive Project – University of Washington] *[http://www.shapell.org/journeys.aspx?american-travelers-to-the-holy-land-in-the-19th-century American Travelers to the Holy Land in the 19th Century] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523113237/http://www.shapell.org/journeys.aspx?american-travelers-to-the-holy-land-in-the-19th-century |date=2013-05-23 }} Shapell Manuscript Foundation *[http://www.umich.edu/~turkish/ottemp.html The Ottoman Empire: Resources – University of Michigan] *[http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman.html The Ottoman Empire: A Chronological Outline] *[http://www.theottomans.org/ Information about Ottomans] *[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11770/ Turkey in Asia]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}, 1920 [[Kaarangay:Imperyo Otomano| ]] [[Kaarangay:Turkeya]] 5oohx4qobex6qmd9st8k4636d27p4nc Karl Marx 0 14746 7782433 7782377 2026-04-07T22:11:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox philosopher |region = [[Western Philosophy]], [[German philosophy]] |era = [[19th-century philosophy]] |color = #B0C4DE |image = Karl Marx_001.jpg |caption = Marx in 1875 |birth_name = Karl Heinrich Marx |birth_date = 5 May 1818 |birth_place = [[Trier]], [[Kingdom of Prussia]] |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1883|03|14|1818|05|05}} |death_place = [[London]], [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] |residence = Germany, United Kingdom |nationality = [[Germans|German]] |religion = [[Protestantism]]; later, none ([[atheism|atheist]]) |school_tradition = [[Marxism]], [[Communism]], [[Socialism]], [[Materialism]] |signature =Karl Marx Signature.svg |main_interests = Politics, economics, [[philosophy]], [[sociology]], [[Labour relations|labour]], history, [[class struggle]], |influences = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Ludwig Feuerbach|Feuerbach]], [[Baruch Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Pierre-Joseph Proudhon|Proudhon]], [[Max Stirner|Stirner]], [[Adam Smith|Smith]], [[Voltaire]], [[David Ricardo|Ricardo]], [[Giambattista Vico|Vico]], [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Rousseau]], [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], [[Claude Adrien Helvétius|Helvetius]], [[Baron d'Holbach|d'Holbach]],<ref>Mehring, Franz, ''Karl Marx: The Story of His Life'' (Routledge, 2003) pg. 75</ref> [[Justus von Liebig|Liebig]],<ref>John Bellamy Foster. "Marx's Theory of Metabolic Rift: Classical Foundations for Environmental Sociology", ''American Journal of Sociology'', Vol. 105, No. 2 (September 1999), pp. 366-405.</ref> [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]], [[Charles Fourier|Fourier]], [[Robert Owen]], [[Nicolae Bălcescu|Bălcescu]], [[Moses Hess|Hess]], [[Victor d'Hupay|Hupay]], [[François Guizot|Guizot]], [[Constantin Pecqueur|Pecqueur]],<ref>Allen Oakley, [http://books.google.gr/books?id=L949AAAAIAAJ&dq ''Marx's Critique of Political Economy: 1844 to 1860''], Routledge, 1984, p. 51.</ref> [[Aristotle]], [[Epicurus]] |influenced = [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]], [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]], [[Leon Trotsky|Trotsky]], [[Mao Zedong|Mao]], [[Josip Broz Tito|Tito]], [[Enver Hoxha|Hoxha]], [[Fidel Castro|Castro]], [[Che Guevara|Guevara]], [[Nicolae Ceaușescu|Ceaușescu]], [[Ho Chi Minh|Ho]], [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]], [[Simone de Beauvoir]], [[Rosa Luxemburg|Luxemburg]], [[György Lukács|Lukács]], [[Antonio Gramsci|Gramsci]], [[Karl Korsch|Korsch]], [[Peter Kropotkin|Kropotkin]], [[Mikhail Bakunin|Bakunin]], [[Noam Chomsky|Chomsky]], [[Murray Bookchin|Bookchin]], [[Hannah Arendt|Arendt]], [[Herbert Marcuse|Marcuse]], [[Jean-François Lyotard|Lyotard]], [[Michel Foucault|Foucault]], [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]], [[Guy Debord|Debord]], [[Antonio Negri|Negri]], [[Michael Taussig|Taussig]], [[Manabendra Nath Roy|Roy]], [[Ernesto Laclau|Laclau]], [[Pierre Bourdieu|Bourdieu]], [[Joseph Schumpeter|Schumpeter]], [[Michel Aflaq|Aflaq]] and [[List of Marxists|many others]] |notable_ideas = Co-founder of [[Marxism]] (with [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]]), [[surplus value]], contributions to the [[labor theory of value]], [[Marx's theory of alienation|alienation]] and exploitation of the worker, ''[[The Communist Manifesto]],'' ''[[Das Kapital]],'' [[historical materialism|materialist conception of history]] |}} Hi '''Karl Heinrich Marx''' (5 Mayo 1818–14 Marso 1883) usa nga Aleman nga pilosopo, ekonomista politikal, historiano, teyorista politikal, sociolohista, komunista ngan nagtukod han komunismo. ==Pinanbasaran== {{reflist}} ===Bibliograpiya=== ;Akademiko ngan Popular nga barasahon {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book |title= Classical Sociological Theory |last= {{aut|[[Craig Calhoun|Calhoun, Craig J.]]}} |year= 2002 |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location= Oxford |isbn=978-0-631-21347-5 |nopp=|ref=Cal02}} * {{Cite book |title= The Revolutionary Ideas of Karl Marx |url= https://archive.org/details/revolutionaryide0000call_i2b6 |last= {{aut|[[Alex Callinicos|Callinicos, Alex]]}} |year= 2010 [1983] |publisher=Bookmarks |location= Bloomsbury, London |isbn=978-1-905192-68-7 |nopp=|ref=Cal10}} * {{Cite book |title= How to Change the World: Tales of Marx and Marxism |url= https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.335.4.hob.27350 |last= {{aut|[[Eric Hobsbawm|Hobsbawm, Eric]]}} |year= 2011 |publisher=Little, Brown |location= London |isbn=978-1-4087-0287-1 |ref=Hob11}} * {{Cite book |title= Karl Marx: A Brief Biographical Sketch with an Exposition of Marxism|last= {{aut|[[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin, Vladimir]]}} |year= 1967| origyear=1913|publisher=Foreign Languages Press |location= Peking |ref=Len67|url=http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/granat/index.htm}} * {{Cite book |title= Marx |last= {{aut|[[Peter Singer|Singer, Peter]]}} |year= 1980 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location= Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-287510-5 |nopp=|ref=Sin80}} * {{Cite book |title= Philosophy: 100 Essential Thinkers |url= https://archive.org/details/philosophy100ess0000stok_d9g0 |last= {{aut|Stokes, Philip}} |year= 2004 |publisher=Index Books |location= Kettering |isbn=978-0-572-02935-7 |nopp=|ref=Sto04}} * {{Cite book |title= The Story of a Great Discovery: How Karl Marx wrote "Capital" |last= {{aut|Vygodsky, Vitaly}} |year= 1973 |publisher=Verlag Die Wirtschaft |location= |isbn= |nopp=|ref=Vyg73|url=http://www.marxists.org/archive/vygodsky/1965/discovery.htm}} * {{Cite book |title= Karl Marx |url= https://archive.org/details/karlmarx0000whee |last= {{aut|[[Francis Wheen|Wheen, Francis]]}} |year= 2001 |publisher=Fourth Estate |location= London |isbn=978-1-85702-637-5 |nopp=|ref=Whe00}} {{refend}} ==Dugang nga barasahon== {{refbegin|30em}} * [[Althusser, Louis]]. ''For Marx''. London: Verso, 2005. * Althusser, Louis and [[Balibar, Étienne]]. ''Reading Capital''. London: Verso, 2009. * [[Shlomo Avineri|Avineri, Shlomo]]. ''The Social and Political Thought of Karl Marx'' (Cambridge University Press, 1968) ISBN 0-521-09619-7 * [[Kostas Axelos|Axelos, Kostas]]. ''Alienation, Praxis, and Techne in the Thought of Karl Marx'' (translated by Ronald Bruzina, University of Texas Press, 1976). * [[Vincent Barnett|Barnett, Vincent]]. ''Marx'' (Routledge, 2009) * [[Isaiah Berlin|Berlin, Isaiah]]. ''Karl Marx: His Life and Environment'' (Oxford University Press, 1963) ISBN 0-19-520052-7 * Blackledge, Paul. ''Reflections on the Marxist Theory of History'' (Manchester University Press, 2006) * Bottomore, Tom, ed. ''A Dictionary of Marxist Thought''. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998. * [[Alex Callinicos|Callinicos, Alex]]. ''The Revolutionary Ideas of Karl Marx'' (Bookmarks, 1983) * [[Harry Cleaver|Cleaver, Harry]]. ''Reading Capital Politically'' (AK Press, 2000) * [[Gerald Cohen|G. A. Cohen]]. ''Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence'' (Princeton University Press, 1978) ISBN 0-691-07068-7 * Collier, Andrew. ''Marx'' (Oneworld, 2004) * [[Hal Draper|Draper, Hal]], ''Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution'' (4 volumes) [[Monthly Review|Monthly Review Press]] * Duncan, Ronald and [[Colin Wilson|Wilson, Colin]]. (editors) ''Marx Refuted'', (Bath, UK, 1987) ISBN 0-906798-71-X * [[Ben Fine|Fine, Ben]]. ''Marx's Capital.'' 5th ed. London: Pluto, 2010. * [[John Bellamy Foster|Foster, John Bellamy]]. ''Marx's Ecology: Materialism and Nature''. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2000. * [[Stephen Jay Gould|Gould, Stephen Jay]]. ''[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1134/is_7_108/ai_55698600/pg_1 A Darwinian Gentleman at Marx's Funeral – E. Ray Lankester] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726155808/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1134/is_7_108/ai_55698600/pg_1 |date=2013-07-26 }}'', Page 1, [http://www.findarticles.com/ Find Articles.com] (1999) * [[David Harvey (geographer)|Harvey, David]]. ''A Companion to Marx's Capital.'' London: Verso, 2010. * Harvey, David. ''The Limits of Capital''. London: Verso, 2006. * Iggers, Georg G. "Historiography: From Scientific Objectivity to the Postmodern Challenge."(Wesleyan University Press, 1997, 2005) * [[Leszek Kołakowski|Kołakowski, Leszek]]. ''Main Currents of Marxism'' Oxford: Clarendon Press, OUP, 1978 * Little, Daniel. ''The Scientific Marx'', (University of Minnesota Press, 1986) ISBN 0-8166-1505-5 * [[Ernest Mandel|Mandel, Ernest]]. ''Marxist Economic Theory''. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1970. * Mandel, Ernest. ''The Formation of the Economic Thought of Karl Marx''. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1977. * [[David McLellan (academic)|McLellan, David]]. ''Marx before Marxism'' (1980), Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-333-27882-6 * McLellan, David. ''Karl Marx: his Life and Thought'' Harper & Row, 1973 ISBN 978-0-06-012829-6 * [[Franz Mehring|Mehring, Franz]]. ''Karl Marx: The Story of His Life'' (Routledge, 2003) * Miller, Richard W. ''Analyzing Marx: Morality, Power, and History''. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1984. * [[Boris Nicolaevsky|Nicolaevsky, Boris]] and [[Otto Maenchen-Helfen|Maenchen-Helfen, Otto]] (translator). ''Karl Marx: Man and Fighter'' (Penguin Books, 1976) ISBN 0-14-021594-8 * [[Postone, Moishe]]. ''Time, Labour, and Social Domination: A Reinterpretation of Marx's Critical Theory.'' Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1993. * [[Murray Rothbard|Rothbard, Murray]]. ''An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought Volume&nbsp;II: Classical Economics'' (Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 1995) ISBN 0-945466-48-X * [[Maximilien Rubel|Rubel, Maximilien]]. ''Marx Without Myth: A Chronological Study of his Life and Work'' (Blackwell, 1975) ISBN 0-631-15780-8 * [[Alfredo Saad-Filho|Saad-Filho, Alfredo]]. ''The Value of Marx: Political Economy for Contemporary Capitalism''. London: Routledge, 2002. * [[Alfred Schmidt (philosopher)|Schmidt, Alfred]]. ''The Concept of Nature in Marx''. London: NLB, 1971. * Seigel, Jerrold. ''Marx's fate: the shape of a life'' (Princeton University Press, 1978) ISBN 0-271-00935-7 * [[Thomas T. Sekine|Sekinel, Thomas T.]] ''The Dialectic of Capital. A Study of the Inner Logic of Capitalism'', 2 volumes (preliminary edition), Tokyo 1986; ISBN 978-4-924750-44-9 (vol. 1), ISBN 4-924750-34-4 (vol. 2) * [[Paul Strathern|Strathern, Paul]]. "Marx in 90 Minutes", (Ivan R. Dee, 2001) * Thomas, Paul. ''Karl Marx and the Anarchists''. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980. * Walker, Frank Thomas. 'Karl Marx: a Bibliographic and Political Biography''. (bj.publications), 2009. * Wendling, Amy. ''Karl Marx on Technology and Alienation'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2009) * [[Francis Wheen|Wheen, Francis]]. ''[http://pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk/isj85/morgan.htm Karl Marx: A Life] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410103159/http://pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk/isj85/morgan.htm |date=2013-04-10 }}'', (Fourth Estate, 1999), ISBN 1-85702-637-3 * Wheen, Francis. ''Marx's Das Kapital'', (Atlantic Books, 2006) ISBN 1-84354-400-8 {{refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commonscat|Karl Marx}} ===Bibliograpiya ngan mga aada-ha-linya nga teksto=== * {{de-icon}} [http://www.zeno.org/Philosophie/M/Marx,%20Karl Works by Karl Marx] at [[Zeno.org]] * [http://libcom.org/tags/karl-marx Karl Marx] at Libcom.org * {{SEP|marx}} * {{In Our Time|Karl Marx|p003k9jg|Karl_Marx}} * [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/ Marxists.org], homepage of the [[Marxists Internet Archive]] * {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-6935}} * [http://librivox.org/newcatalog/search.php?title=&author=Karl+Marx&action=Search Works by Karl Marx in audio format] from [[LibriVox]] * {{gutenberg author|id=Karl_Marx|name=Karl Marx}} ===Mga artikulo=== * [http://www.counterpunch.org/roberts10072009.html Dead Labour: Marx and Lenin Reconsidered] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805112206/http://www.counterpunch.org/roberts10072009.html |date=2011-08-05 }} by [[Paul Craig Roberts]] * [http://www.wsws.org/articles/2006/may2006/rock-m02.shtml Hegel, Marx, Engels, and the Origins of Marxism], by David North * [http://chronicle.com/article/In-Praise-of-Marx/127027 ''In Praise of Marx''] [[Terry Eagleton]] synopsising his ''Why Marx was right'' chronicle.com 10 April 2011. * [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article4981065.ece Karl Marx: Did he get it all Right?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812091017/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article4981065.ece |date=2011-08-12 }} by Philip Collins, ''[[The Times]]'', 21 October 2008 * [http://www.marxists.org/archive/mandel/19xx/marx/ ''Karl Marx'', Ernest Mandel ] * [http://libcom.org/library/karl-marx-iroquois-franklin-rosemont ''Karl Marx and the Iroquois''] by [[Franklin Rosemont]] * [http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj11n3/cj11n3-6.pdf Liberalism, Marxism and The State] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214101824/http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj11n3/cj11n3-6.pdf |date=2012-02-14 }}, by Ralph Raico * [http://www.emis.ams.org/journals/DMJDMV/xvol-icm/19/Dauben.MAN.html Marx, Mao and mathematics: the politics of infinitesimals] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130183822/http://www.emis.ams.org/journals/DMJDMV/xvol-icm/19/Dauben.MAN.html |date=2019-01-30 }}, by Joseph Dauben * [http://www.socialistalternative.com/publications/s21/ch3.html Marx Was Right] * [http://www.isj.org.uk/index.php4?id=486&issue=120 Marxism and Ethics] from ''[[International Socialism (journal)|International Socialism]]'' Paul Blackledge (2008) * [http://marxmyths.org/ Marxmyths.org Various essays on misinterpretations of Marx] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427181835/http://marxmyths.org/ |date=2014-04-27 }} * [http://www.iisg.nl/collections/marx/ Portraits of Karl Marx] ([[International Institute of Social History]]) * [http://www.runmuki.com/paul/writing/marx.html Paul Dorn, The Paris Commune and Marx' Theory of Revolution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231202/http://www.runmuki.com/paul/writing/marx.html |date=2016-03-03 }} * [https://archive.is/20121128224416/www.greenleft.org.au/1999/346/19592 The Top Seven Reasons why Marx was Right] by ''[[Green Left Weekly]]'' * [http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0717-28.htm Why Marx is the Man of the Moment] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205075254/http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0717-28.htm |date=2008-12-05 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Marx, Karl}} [[Kaarangay:Karl Marx| ]] [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1818]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1883]] [[Kaarangay:Biyograpiya|Marx, Karl]] [[Kaarangay:Politika|Marx, Karl]] [[Kaarangay:Siyensyas Sosyales|Marx, Karl]] [[Kaarangay:Alemanya|Marx, Karl]] qvjqx2jj5p8imtsyosx0cev50plgu4t Kalawdan Atlantico 0 14958 7782432 7649152 2026-04-07T21:55:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782432 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Paypay:Atlantic Ocean.png|thumb]] An '''Kalawdan Atlantico''' usa nga lawas han katubigan nga nabubutngaan han mga [[Amerika]] ngan kaparte han [[Kalawdan Pasipiko]] ha katundan, [[Europa]], [[Afrika]] ngan [[Kalawdan Indyan]] ha sidlangan, [[Kalawdan Artico]] ha amihanan, ngan [[Kalawdan Salatan]] ha salatan.An Kalawdan Atlantico usa nga lawas han katubigan nga nabubutngaan han mga Amerika ngan kaparte han Kalawdan Pasipiko ha katundan, Europa, Afrika ngan Kalawdan Indyan ha sidlangan, Kalawdan Artico ha amihanan, ngan Kalawdan Salatan ha salatan. ==An mga nasod ngan mga teritoryo nga sapit han Kalawdan Atlantico== An mga estado (an mga nakaitalika in mga teritoryo) nga may-ada baybay ha Kalawdan Atlantico (labot la an mga dagat Itom, Baltiko ngan Mediterraneo) in: {{See also|Macaronesia}} An mga estado (an mga nakaitalika in mga teritoryo) nga may-ada baybay ha Kalawdan Atlantico (labot la an mga dagat Itom, Baltiko ngan Mediterraneo) in: ===Europa=== {{div col|cols=5}} * ''{{flag|Azores}}'' (PRT) * {{BEL}} * {{DEN}} * ''{{FRO}}'' (DEN) * {{FRA}} * {{DEU}} * ''{{GGY}}'' (UK) * {{ISL}} * {{IRL}} * ''{{IOM}}'' (UK) * ''{{JEY}}'' (UK) * {{NED}} * {{NOR}} * {{POR}} * {{ESP}} * {{SWE}} * {{UK}} {{div col end}} ===Africa=== {{div col|cols=5}} * {{AGO}} * {{BEN}} * ''{{BVT}}'' (NOR) * {{CMR}} * ''{{flag|Canary Islands}}'' (ESP) * {{CPV}} * {{COD}} * {{GNQ}} * {{GAB}} * {{GMB}} * {{GHA}} * {{GIN}} * {{GNB}} * {{CIV}} * {{LBR}} * ''{{flag|Madeira}}'' (PRT) * {{MRT}} * {{MAR}} * {{NAM}} * {{NGA}} * {{COG}} * ''{{SHN}}'' (UK) * {{STP}} * {{SEN}} * {{SLE}} * {{ZAF}} * {{TGO}} * ''{{ESH}} ([[Political status of Western Sahara|claimed by Morocco]])'' (MAR) {{div col end}} ===Salatan nga America=== {{div col|cols=5}} * {{ARG}} * {{BRA}} * {{CHI}} * {{COL}} * ''{{FLK}}'' (UK) * ''{{flag|French Guiana|local}}'' (FRA) * {{GUY}} * ''{{SGS}}'' (UK) * {{SUR}} * {{URU}} * {{VEN}} {{div col end}} ===Amihanan ngan Butnga nga America=== Canary Islands (ESP) Batakan:CPV Batakan:COD Batakan:GNQ Batakan:GAB Batakan:GMB Batakan:GHA Batakan:GIN Batakan:GNB Batakan:CIV Batakan:LBR Madeira (PRT) Batakan:MRT Batakan:MAR Batakan:NAM Batakan:NGA Batakan:COG Batakan:SHN (UK) Batakan:STP Batakan:SEN Batakan:SLE Batakan:ZAF Batakan:TGO Batakan:ESH (claimed by Morocco) (MAR) {{div col|cols=5}} * {{BLZ}} * ''{{BMU}}'' (UK) * {{CAN}} * {{CRI}} * ''{{GRL}}'' (DEN) * {{GTM}} * {{HON}} * {{MEX}} * {{NIC}} * {{PAN}} * ''{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon|local}}'' (FRA) * {{USA}} {{div col end}} ====Caribe==== {{div col|cols=5}} * ''{{AIA}}'' (UK) * {{ATG}} * ''{{ABW}}'' (NED) * {{BHS}} * {{BRB}} * ''{{flag|Bonaire}}'' (NED) * ''{{VGB}}'' (UK) * ''{{CYM}}'' (UK) * {{CUB}} * ''{{CUR}}'' (NED) * {{DMA}} * {{DOM}} * ''{{flag|Guadeloupe|local}}'' (FRA) * {{GRD}} * {{HTI}} * {{JAM}} * ''{{flag|Martinique|local}}'' (FRA) * ''{{MSR}}'' (UK) * ''{{flag|Saba}}'' (NED) * ''{{PRI}}'' (USA) * ''{{flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}}'' (FRA) * {{SKN}} * {{LCA}} * ''{{SXM}}'' (NED) * ''{{MAF}}'' (FRA) * {{VCT}} * ''{{flag|Sint Eustatius}}'' (NED) * {{TTO}} * ''{{TCA}}'' (UK) * ''{{VIR}}'' (USA) {{div col end}} ==Pinanbasaran== Salatan nga America Igliwat Batakan:ARG Batakan:BRA Batakan:CHI Batakan:COL Batakan:FLK (UK) French Guiana (FRA) Batakan:GUY Batakan:SGS (UK) Batakan:SUR Batakan:URU Batakan:VEN {{reflist}} ==Bibliograpiya== * {{cite book| last = Winchester| first = Simon| authorlink=Simon Winchester|title = Atlantic: A Vast Ocean of a Million Stories| url = https://archive.org/details/atlanticvastocea0000winc| year = 2010| publisher = HarperCollins UK| isbn = 978-0-00-734137-5 }} * Much of this article originated from the public domain site http://oceanographer.navy.mil/atlantic.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010302140751/http://oceanographer.navy.mil/atlantic.html |date=2001-03-02 }} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Sister project links|voy=Atlantic Ocean|wikt=Atlantic Ocean|commons=Atlantic Ocean|q=no|v=no|n=no|s=CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Atlantic Ocean|b=no}} * {{CIA World Factbook link|zh|Atlantic Ocean}} * {{dmoz|Science/Environment/Water_Resources/Oceans|Oceans}} * [http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/geoghist/histories/history/hiscountries/A/atlanticocean.html www.cartage.org.lb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829012101/http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/geoghist/histories/history/hiscountries/A/atlanticocean.html |date=2009-08-29 }} * [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10081 "Map of Atlantic Coast of North America from the Chesapeake Bay to Florida"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508173734/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10081/ |date=2014-05-08 }} from 1639 via the [[World Digital Library]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Atlantico}} [[Kaarangay:Kalawdan Atlantico| ]] [[Kaarangay:Mga kadagatan]] [[Kaarangay:Heyograpiya]] gzjir2yn4ouqtwu53r6phjimblcwy5t James Cook 0 17466 7782430 7782380 2026-04-07T20:08:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = James Cook | image = Captainjamescookportrait.jpg | caption = James Cook, portrait by [[Nathaniel Dance-Holland]], {{circa|1775}}, [[National Maritime Museum]], [[Greenwich]] | birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|7 November|1728|27 October}} | birth_place = [[Marton, Middlesbrough|Marton]], (in present-day [[Middlesbrough]]) Yorkshire, England | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1779|2|14|1728|11|7}} | death_place = Hawaii | education = Postgate School, [[Great Ayton]] | occupation = Explorer, navigator, cartographer | title = [[Captain (Royal Navy)|Captain]] | spouse = Elizabeth Batts | parents = James Cook, Grace Pace | children = James Cook, Nathaniel Cook, Elizabeth Cook, Joseph Cook, George Cook, Hugh Cook | nationality = British | signature = James Cook Signature.svg | website = }} Hi '''Kapitan James Cook''', (Oktubre 27, 1728 - Pebrero 14, 1779) usa nga Inglis nga eksplorador, navigador ngan cartograpo. ==Pinanbasaran== {{Mga kasarigan}} === Bibliograpiya === *{{cite book|last=Beaglehole|first=John Cawte|title=The Life of Captain James Cook|authorlink=John Cawte Beaglehole|publisher=[[A & C Black]]|date=1974|isbn=0-7136-1382-3|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Collingridge|first=Vanessa|authorlink=Vanessa Collingridge|title=Captain Cook: The Life, Death and Legacy of History's Greatest Explorer|url=https://archive.org/details/captaincooklifed0000coll|date=February 2003|publisher=Ebury Press|isbn=0-09-188898-0|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Fernandez-Armesto|first=Felipe|title=Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration|url=https://archive.org/details/pathfindersgloba00fern|date=2006|publisher=W.W. Norton & Company|isbn=0-393-06259-7|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Fisher|first=Robin|title=Captain James Cook and his times|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=dhsOAAAAQAAJ|date=1979|isbn=978-0-7099-0050-4|publisher=Taylor & Francis|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Hayes|first=Derek|title=Historical Atlas of the Pacific Northwest: Maps of exploration and Discovery|date=1999|publisher=Sasquatch Books|isbn=1-57061-215-3|url=http://books.google.com/?id=sl57oHrVXGoC|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Horwitz|first=Tony|authorlink=Tony Horwitz|title=Blue Latitudes: Boldly Going Where Captain Cook Has Gone Before|url=https://archive.org/details/intoblueboldlygo0000horw|date=October 2003|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=0-7475-6455-8|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Captain James Cook|first=Richard|last=Hough|date=1994|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|authorlink=Richard Hough|isbn=0-340-82556-1|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000unse_t9u3|last=Kemp|first=Peter|first2=I. C. B. |last2=Dear|date=2005|publisher=OUP|isbn=978-0-19-860616-1|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Narrative of the voyages round the world, performed by Captain James Cook; with an account of his life during the previous and intervening periods|first=Andrew|last=Kippis|date=1788|url=http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cook/james/c77n/}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426035955/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cook/james/c77n/ |date=2012-04-26 }} *{{cite book|authorlink=Frank McLynn|last=McLynn|first=Frank|date=2011|title=Captain Cook: Master of the Seas|url=https://archive.org/details/captaincookmaste0000mcly|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-11421-8|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Moorhead|first=Alan|date=1966|title=Fatal Impact: An Account of the Invasion of the South Pacific, 1767–1840|publisher=H Hamilton|isbn=0-241-90757-8|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|authorlink=Gananath Obeyesekere|last=Obeyesekere|first=Gananath|date=1992|title=The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=0-691-05752-4|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific|publisher=Princeton University Press|last=Obeyesekere|first=Gananath|date=1997|isbn=978-0-691-05752-1|quote=With new preface and afterword replying to criticism from Sahlins|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Captain Cook in the Pacific|url=https://archive.org/details/captaincookinpac0000rigb|first=Nigel|last=Rigby|last2=van der Merwe|first2=Pieter|date=2002|publisher=National Maritime Museum, London UK|isbn=0-948065-43-5|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Robson|first=John|date=2004|title=The Captain Cook Encyclopædia|publisher=Random House Australia|isbn=0-7593-1011-4|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Captain Cook's War and Peace: The Royal Navy Years 1755-1768|first=John|last=Robson|date=2009|publisher=University of New South Wales Press|isbn=9781742231099|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Islands of history|url=https://archive.org/details/islandsofhistory00sahl|publisher=University of Chicago Press|first=Marshall David|last=Sahlins|authorlink= Marshall David Sahlins|date=1985|isbn=978-0-226-73358-6|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=How "Natives" Think: About Captain Cook, for example|url=https://archive.org/details/hownativesthinka0000sahl|publisher=University of Chicago Press|last=Sahlins|first=Marshall David|date=1995|isbn=978-0-226-73368-5}} *{{cite book|title=The Australian Language: An Examination of the English Language and English Speech as Used in Australia, from Convict Days to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/australianlangua0000bake|last=Sidney|first=John Baker|location=Melbourne|publisher=Sun Books|date=1981|isbn=978-0-7251-0382-8|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=James Cook Maritime Scientist|url=https://archive.org/details/jamescookmaritim0000stam|publisher=Caedmon of Whitby Press|last=Stamp|first= Tom and Cordelia|date=1978|location=Whitby|isbn=0-905355-04-0|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Sykes|first=Bryan|title=[[The Seven Daughters of Eve]]|publisher=Norton Publishing: New York City, NY and London, England|isbn=0-393-02018-5|date=2001|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Wagner|first=A. R.|title=Historic Heraldry of Britain|url=https://archive.org/details/historicheraldry0000wagn|date=1972|publisher=Phillimore & Co Ltd|location=London|isbn=978-0-85033-022-9|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Captain Cook's Journal during his first voyage round the world made in H.M. Bark "Endeavour" 1768–71|first=W. J. L.|last=Wharton|date=1893|url=http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cook/james/c77j/}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322055659/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cook/james/c77j/ |date=2012-03-22 }} ==Padugang nga barasahon== *{{cite book|last=Aughton|first=Peter|title=Endeavour: The Story of Captain Cook's First Great Epic Voyage|publisher=Cassell & Co.|date=2002|location=London|isbn=978-0-304-36236-3|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|editor-last=Edwards|editor-first=Philip|title=James Cook: The Journals|url=https://archive.org/details/journalsofcaptai00jame|date=2003|publisher=Penguin Books|location=London|isbn=0-14-043647-2|quote=Prepared from the original manuscripts by J. C. Beaglehole 1955–67|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|editor-last=Forster|editor-first=Georg|title=A Voyage Round the World|editor-link=Georg Forster|date=1986|publisher=Wiley-VCH|isbn=978-3-05-000180-7|ref=harv|quote=Published first 1777 as: ''A Voyage round the World in His Britannic Majesty's Sloop Resolution, Commanded by Capt. James Cook, during the Years, 1772, 3, 4, and 5''}} *{{Citation | last1=Hawkesworth | first1=John | authorlink1=John Hawkesworth (book editor) | last2=Byron | first2=John | authorlink2=John Byron | last3=Wallis | first3=Samuel | authorlink3=Samuel Wallis | last4=Carteret | first4=Philip | authorlink4=Philip Carteret | last5=Cook | first5=James | authorlink5=James Cook | last6=Banks | first6=Joseph | authorlink6=Joseph Banks | title=An account of the voyages undertaken by the order of His present Majesty for making discoveries in the Southern Hemisphere, and successively performed by Commodore Byron, Captain Wallis, Captain Carteret, and Captain Cook, in the Dolphin, the Swallow, and the Endeavour drawn up from the journals which were kept by the several commanders, and from the papers of Joseph Banks, esq | publication-date=1773 | publisher=London Printed for W. Strahan and T. Cadell | accessdate=1 Enero 2015 }}, [http://southseas.nla.gov.au/journals/hv01/contents.html Volume I], [http://southseas.nla.gov.au/journals/hv23/contents.html Volume II-III] *{{cite book |authorlink=Andrew Kippis|first=Andrew|last=Kippis|title=The Life and Voyages of Captain James Cook|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeandvoyagesc00kippgoog|publisher=[[George Newnes]], London & [[Charles Scribner's Sons]], New York|date=1904|ref=harv}} *Richardson, Brian. (2005) ''Longitude and Empire: How Captain Cook's Voyages Changed the World'' University of British Columbia Press. ISBN 0-7748-1190-0. *Sydney Daily Telegraph (1970) ''Captain Cook: His Artists — His Voyages'' The Sydney Daily Telegraph Portfolio of Original Works by Artists who sailed with Captain Cook. Australian Consolidated Press, Sydney *Thomas, Nicholas ''The Extraordinary Voyages of Captain James Cook''. Walker & Co., New York. ISBN 0-8027-1412-9 (2003) *{{cite journal|last=Villiers |first=Alan|authorlink=Alan Villiers|date=Summer 1956–57|title=James Cook, Seaman|journal=[[Quadrant (magazine)|Quadrant]]|volume=1|issue=1|pages=7–16}} *Villiers, Alan John, ''Captain James Cook'' Newport Beach, California: Books on Tape (1983) *{{cite book|editor-last=Williams|editor-first=Glyndwr|editor-link=Glyndwr Williams|title=Captain Cook's Voyages: 1768–1779|date=1997|publisher=The Folio Society|location=London}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Library resources box |onlinebooks=no |by=no |lcheading=Cook, James, 1728–1779 }} {{Commons|James Cook|James Cook}} {{Commons category|James Cook|Category:James Cook}} {{Wikisource|Author:James Cook|Author:James Cook}} *[http://www.captaincooksociety.com/ Captain Cook Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121204140923/http://www.captaincooksociety.com/ |date=2012-12-04 }} *[http://ns1763.ca/hfxrm/cookjmon.html Captain Cook historic plaque, Halifax] ===Biographical dictionaries=== *[http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A010231b.htm 'Cook, James (1728–1779)', [[Australian Dictionary of Biography]], Volume 1, [[Melbourne University Publishing|Melbourne University Press]], 1966, pp.&nbsp;243–4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309043105/http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A010231b.htm |date=2009-03-09 }} *[http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=1817 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online''] *{{DNZB|title=James Cook biography|id=1C25|plainlink=y}} from the ''[[Dictionary of New Zealand Biography]]'' ===Journals=== *[http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms1 ''The Endeavour'' journal (1)] and [http://www.nla.gov.au/pub/endeavour/ ''The Endeavour'' journal (2)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060329203108/http://www.nla.gov.au/pub/endeavour/ |date=2006-03-29 }}, as kept by James Cook&nbsp;– digitised and held by the [[National Library of Australia]] *[http://southseas.nla.gov.au/ The South Seas Project]: maps and online editions of the Journals of James Cook's First Pacific Voyage, 1768–1771. Includes full text of journals kept by Cook, Joseph Banks and Sydney Parkinson, as well as the complete text of John Hawkesworth's 1773 Account of Cook's first voyage. *[http://badc.nerc.ac.uk/data/corral/adm55/adm55_index.html Digitised copies of log books from James Cook's voyages] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606103401/http://badc.nerc.ac.uk/data/corral/adm55/adm55_index.html |date=2011-06-06 }} at the [http://badc.nerc.ac.uk British Atmospheric Data Centre] *{{gutenberg author| id=James+Cook | name=James Cook}} *{{librivox author|James+Cook}} *[http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-RGO-00014-00058/1 Log book of Cook's second voyage]: high-resolution digitised version in Cambridge Digital Library ===Collections and museums=== *[http://www.nma.gov.au/cook/ Cook's Pacific Encounters: Cook-Forster Collection online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120000346/http://www.nma.gov.au/cook/ |date=2011-11-20 }} Images and descriptions of more than 300 artefacts collected during the three Pacific voyages of James Cook. *[http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/search.aspx?advanced=colAssParty%3a%22Captain+James+Cook%22 Images and descriptions of items associated with James Cook at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023173221/http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/search.aspx?advanced=colAssParty%3a%22Captain+James+Cook%22 |date=2013-10-23 }} *{{NRA|P6407}} *[http://www.captcook-ne.co.uk/ccbm/index.htm James Cook Birthplace Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720010546/http://www.captcook-ne.co.uk/ccbm/index.htm |date=2011-07-20 }} *[http://www4.uwm.edu/libraries/AGSL/cook.cfm Cook's manuscript maps] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031025752/http://www4.uwm.edu/libraries/AGSL/cook.cfm |date=2013-10-31 }} of the south-east coast of Australia, held at the American Geographical Society Library at UW Milwaukee. {{DEFAULTSORT:Cook, James}} [[Kaarangay:Mga natawo han 1728]] [[Kaarangay:Mga namatay han 1779]] [[Kaarangay:James Cook| ]] b89mf719xl9oe50c8qzjizu4y19g0eb Kalaksi han lamrag 0 17861 7782431 7713272 2026-04-07T21:52:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782431 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lasertests.jpg|thumb]] An '''Kalaksi''' o '''Kapaspas''' '''han''' '''Lamrag''', '''Suga''' o '''Kapawa''' amo an natudlok ha kalaksi han lamrag, suga o kapawa ha vacuum, usa ka konstant nga may tigaman nga ''c''. Amo ini an kalaksi diri la an nakikit-an nga kapawa kundi upod pa an ngatanan nga radyasyon electromagnetiko. An kalaksi han lamrag ha vacuum may sukol nga eksakto 299,792,458 metro kada segundo (m/s). ==Pinanbasaran== {{Reflist}} ==Padugang nga barasahon== ===Makasaysayn nga reperensya=== {{Refbegin}} *{{Cite journal |first=O |last=Rømer |author-link=Ole Rømer |year=1676 |title=Démonstration touchant le mouvement de la lumière trouvé par M. Römer de l'Academie Royale des Sciences |url=http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Roemer-1677/Roemer-1677.html |journal=[[Journal des sçavans]] |pages=223–36 |language=French |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070729214326/http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Roemer-1677/Roemer-1677.html |archivedate=2007-07-29 |access-date=2015-01-27 |url-status=dead }} ** Translated as {{cite journal |year=1677 |title=A Demonstration concerning the Motion of Light |url=http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Roemer-1677/Roemer-1677.html |journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]] |issue=136 |pages=893–4 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070729214326/http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Roemer-1677/Roemer-1677.html |archivedate=2007-07-29 |access-date=2015-01-27 |url-status=dead }} *{{Cite journal |first=E |last=Halley |author-link=Edmond Halley |year=1694 |title=Monsieur Cassini, his New and Exact Tables for the Eclipses of the First Satellite of Jupiter, reduced to the Julian Stile and Meridian of London |journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]] |volume=18 |issue=214 |pages=237–56 |doi=10.1098/rstl.1694.0048 }} *{{Cite journal |first=HL |last=Fizeau |author-link=Hippolyte Fizeau |year=1849 |title=Sur une expérience relative à la vitesse de propagation de la lumière |url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/membres/in_memoriam/Fizeau/Fizeau_pdf/CR1849_p90.pdf |journal=[[Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences]] |volume=29 |pages=90–92, 132 |language=French |access-date=2015-01-27 |archive-date=2011-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613224002/http://www.academie-sciences.fr/membres/in_memoriam/Fizeau/Fizeau_pdf/CR1849_p90.pdf |url-status=unfit }} *{{Cite journal |first=JL |last=Foucault |author-link=Léon Foucault |year=1862 |title=Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière: parallaxe du Soleil |url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=yYIIAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA216&lpg=PA216&dq |journal=[[Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences]] |volume=55 |pages=501–503, 792–796 |language=French }} *{{Cite journal |first=AA |last=Michelson |author-link=Albert A. Michelson |year=1878 |title=Experimental Determination of the Velocity of Light |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11753 |journal=[[Proceedings of the American Association of Advanced Science]] |volume=27 |pages=71–77 }} *{{Cite journal |first1=AA |last1=Michelson |first2=FG |last2=Pease |author2-link=Francis G. Pease |first3=F |last3=Pearson |author3-link=Fred Pearson (physicist) |title=Measurement of the Velocity of Light in a Partial Vacuum |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_1935-07_82_1/page/26 |journal=[[Astrophysical Journal]] |volume=82 |pages=26–61 |year=1935 |doi=10.1086/143655 |bibcode=1935ApJ....82...26M }} *{{Cite journal |first=S |last=Newcomb |author-link=Simon Newcomb |year=1886 |title=The Velocity of Light |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1886-05-13_34_863/page/n3 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=34 |issue=863 |pages=29–32 |doi=10.1038/034029c0 |bibcode = 1886Natur..34...29. }} *{{Cite journal |first=J |last=Perrotin |author-link=Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin |year=1900 |title=Sur la vitesse de la lumière |journal=[[Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences]] |volume=131 |pages=731–4 |language=French }} {{Refend}} ===Mga moderno nga reperensya=== {{Refbegin}} *{{Cite book |first=L |last=Brillouin |author-link=Léon Brillouin |year=1960 |title=Wave propagation and group velocity |url=https://archive.org/details/wavepropagationg00bril_0 |publisher=[[Academic Press]] |isbn= }} *{{Cite book |first=JD |last=Jackson |author-link=J. D. Jackson |year=1975 |title=Classical Electrodynamics |url=https://archive.org/details/classicalelectro00jack_0 |edition=2nd |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=0-471-30932-X }} *{{Cite book |first=G |last=Keiser |year=2000 |title=Optical Fiber Communications |url=https://archive.org/details/opticalfibercomm00keis_822 |page=[https://archive.org/details/opticalfibercomm00keis_822/page/n617 32] |edition=3rd |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |isbn=0-07-232101-6 }} *{{Cite book |last=Ng |first=YJ |year=2004 |chapter=Quantum Foam and Quantum Gravity Phenomenology |url=http://books.google.com/?id=RntpN7OesBsC |editor=Amelino-Camelia, G; Kowalski-Glikman, J |title=Planck Scale Effects in Astrophysics and Cosmology |pages=321''ff'' |publisher=[[Springer (publisher)|Springer]] |isbn=3-540-25263-0 }} *{{Cite book |last=Helmcke |first=J |last2=Riehle |first2=F |year=2001 |chapter=Physics behind the definition of the meter |url=http://books.google.com/?id=WE22Fez60EcC&pg=PA453 |editor=Quinn, TJ; Leschiutta, S; Tavella, P |title=Recent advances in metrology and fundamental constants |page=453 |publisher=[[IOS Press]] |isbn=1-58603-167-8 }} *{{cite arXiv |last=Duff |first=MJ |author-link=Michael James Duff |year=2004 |title=Comment on time-variation of fundamental constants |class=hep-th |eprint=hep-th/0208093 }} {{Refend}} ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== * [http://books.google.com/books?id=UigDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA17&dq=1930+plane+%22Popular&hl=en&ei=bfiPTs-NGInE0AHC_4k_&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEwQ6AEwBzgK#v=onepage&q=1930%20plane%20%22Popular&f=true "Test Light Speed in Mile Long Vacuum Tube."] ''Popular Science Monthly'', September 1930, p.&nbsp;17–18. *[http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/metre.html Definition of the metre] (International Bureau of Weights and Measures, BIPM) *[http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?c Speed of light in vacuum] (National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST) *[http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/bayesian/datagall/michelso.htm Data Gallery: Michelson Speed of Light (Univariate Location Estimation)] (download data gathered by [[Albert A. Michelson]]) *[http://gregegan.customer.netspace.net.au/APPLETS/20/20.html Subluminal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050615174625/http://gregegan.customer.netspace.net.au/APPLETS/20/20.html |date=2005-06-15 }} (Java applet demonstrating group velocity information limits) *[http://www.mathpages.com/rr/s3-03/3-03.htm De Mora Luminis] at MathPages *[http://www.ertin.com/sloan_on_speed_of_light.html Light discussion on adding velocities] *[http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/waves_particles/lightspeed-1.html Speed of Light] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080115205125/http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/waves_particles/lightspeed-1.html |date=2008-01-15 }} (University of Colorado Department of Physics) *[http://sixtysymbols.com/videos/light.htm c: Speed of Light] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708003848/http://sixtysymbols.com/videos/light.htm |date=2015-07-08 }} (Sixty Symbols, University of Nottingham Department of Physics [video]) *[http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/ Usenet Physics FAQ] *[http://www.live-counter.com/speed-of-light/ Speed of light illustration] (Speed of light as Live-Counter) jx5p8zgv4pz288m8ua9c3ez1oza9nc4 Natica marochiensis 0 187786 7782438 7016911 2026-04-08T08:02:08Z Llez 14758 7782438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Gastropoda|date=2013-02}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Natica marochiensis'' | status = | image = Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.MOL.120963 - Natica marochiensis (Gmelin, 1791) - Naticidae - Mollusc shell.jpeg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Mollusca]] | classis = [[Gastropoda]] | ordo = [[Neotaenioglossa]] | familia = [[Naticidae]] | genus = [[Natica]] | species = '''Natica marochiensis''' | binomial = Natica marochiensis | binomial_authority = (Gmelin, 1791) | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} '''''Natica marochiensis'''''<ref name = "col3"/><ref name = "col402"/><ref name = "col418"/> in uska species han [[Gastropoda]] nga syahan ginhulagway ni gmelin hadton 1791. An ''Natica marochiensis'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Natica]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Naticidae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> <div align=center> <gallery mode="packed" length="400"> Natica marochiensis 01.jpg </gallery> </div align=center> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/natica+marochiensis/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> <ref name = "col3"> (1996) , database, NODC Taxonomic Code</ref> <ref name = "col402">Turgeon, D. D., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, W. K. Emerson, W. G. Lyons, W. Pratt, et al. (1988) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: mollusks, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 16</ref> <ref name = "col418">Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al. (1998) Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed., American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26</ref> <ref name = "source">''ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System''. Orrell T. (custodian), 26 Abril 2011</ref> </references> [[Kaarangay:Natica]] 645zct8ydtt2p31n38lmu8luokj9e53 Ancistrocerus 0 1091963 7782439 6546130 2026-04-08T09:06:22Z Lhikan634 39451 Removing misidentified photo 7782439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Hymenoptera|date=2013-08}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Ancistrocerus'' | status = | image = Ancistrocerus antilope female.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Hymenoptera]] | familia = [[Eumenidae]] | genus = '''Ancistrocerus''' | species = | binomial = Ancistrocerus | binomial_authority = | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Hexapoda]] | superfamilia = [[Vespoidea]] | synonyms = }} An '''''Ancistrocerus'''''<ref name = "COL"/> in uska [[genus]] han [[Hymenoptera]]. An ''Ancistrocerus'' in nahilalakip ha [[familia]] nga [[Eumenidae]].<ref name = "COL"/> ==Ilarom nga taxa<ref name = "COL"/>== * ''[[Ancistrocerus abditus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus acanthopus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus adenensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus adiabatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus agilis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus andreinii]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus androcles]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus angulata]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus antilope]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus antoni]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus arcanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus aristae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus assamensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus atlanticus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus atropos]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus auctus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus aureovillosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus baluchistanensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus behrensi]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus beieri]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus belizensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus biphaleratus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus birenimaculatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus boreanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus borneanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus budongo]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus burensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus bustamente]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus caelestimontanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus camicrus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus campestris]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus capensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus carinicollis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus catskill]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus cervus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus chotanensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus claripennis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus contrarius]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus cupreipennis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus danticoides]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus dolorans]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus dolosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus durangoensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus dusmetiolus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus ebusianus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus egidae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus epicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus erythropus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus fasciaticollis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus ferghanicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus ferrugineoclypeatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus flavomarginatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus fluvialis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus fortunatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus frigidus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus fukaianus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus fulvitarsis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus gazella]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus geae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus haematodes]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus handschini]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus hangaicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus heirinus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus hirsutus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus ichneumonideus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus impunctatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus inconstans]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus japonicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus kazbekianus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus kenyaensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus kerneri]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus khangmarensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus kisangani]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus kitcheneri]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus krausei]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus laminiger]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lindemanni]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lineaticollis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lineativentris]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus longipilosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus longispinosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lucasius]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lufirae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus lutonidus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus maculiscapus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus madaera]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus managuaensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus maroccanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus massaicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus matangensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus melanocerus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus melanurus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus microcynoeca]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus minnesotaensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus mongolicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus monstricornis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus montuosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus morator]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus multipictus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus neavei]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus neuvillei]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus nigricapitus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus nigricornis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus nilensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus nitidissimus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus ochraceopictus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus oviventris]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus pakistanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus palaestinicus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus paracallosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus parapoloi]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus parazairensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus parietinus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus parietum]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus parredes]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus pelias]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus pharao]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus philippinus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus pilosus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus punjabensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus quebecensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus raddei]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus reconditus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus reflexus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus renimacula]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rhipheus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rhodensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rivularis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus robertsianus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus roubaudi]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rubrotinctus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rufoluteus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus rufopictus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus sabahensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus santa-annae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus satyrus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus scoticus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus septemfasciatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus serenus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus sichelii]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus sikhimensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus similis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus simulator]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus sounkionis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus spilogaster]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus spinolae]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus stevensoni]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus striativentris]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tahoensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus taikonus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tardinotus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tenellus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus terayamai]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus terekensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus thalassarctos]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tibetanus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tityrus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus trichionotus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus trifasciatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus triphaleratus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tuberculocephalus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus tussaci]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus unifasciatus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus waldenii]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus waltoni]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus vigilans]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus xanthodesmus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus xanthozonus]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus zairensis]]'' * ''[[Ancistrocerus zebra]]'' ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/ancistrocerus/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Ancistrocerus}} {{Wikispecies|Ancistrocerus|''Ancistrocerus''}} ==Image gallery== <gallery> File:01-iwes-07-003.jpg File:Ancistrocerus haematodes rubropictus (Saussure 1852).jpg File:Ancistrocerus trifasciatus.jpg File:Ancistrocerus.trifasciatus.-.lindsey.jpg </gallery> [[Kaarangay:Ancistrocerus]] 7zvtxn14sk49p4cdjilskgf4w3tm0n6 Clusia 0 1293694 7782434 6682710 2026-04-08T07:01:32Z Ziv 62318 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: [[File:Clusia rosea1FKST.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 011025-0020 Clusia rosea.jpg]] Exact or scaled-down duplicate: [[c::File:Starr 011025-0020 Clusia rosea.jpg]] 7782434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Diptera|date=2013-08}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Clusia'' | status = | image = Clusia1.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Diptera]] | familia = [[Clusiidae]] | genus = '''Clusia''' | species = | binomial = Clusia | binomial_authority = | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Hexapoda]] | synonyms = }} [[File:Clusia grandiflora MHNT.BOT.2018.6.8.jpg|thumb|''Clusia grandiflora'']] An '''''Clusia'''''<ref name = "COL"/> in uska [[genus]] han [[Diptera]]. An ''Clusia'' in nahilalakip ha [[familia]] nga [[Clusiidae]].<ref name = "COL"/> An [[kladograma]] hini sumala ha [[Catalogue of Life]]<ref name = "COL"/>: {{Clade | label1 = [[Clusiidae]]&nbsp; | 1={{Clade | label1 = '''''&nbsp;Clusia&nbsp;''''' | 1={{Clade | 1=''[[Clusia ciliata]]'' | 2=''[[Clusia czernyi]]'' | 3=''[[Clusia flava]]'' | 4=''[[Clusia intermedialis]]'' | 5=''[[Clusia japonica]]'' | 6=''[[Clusia lateralis]]'' | 7=''[[Clusia occidentalis]]'' | 8=''[[Clusia okadomei]]'' | 9=''[[Clusia omogensis]]'' | 10=''[[Clusia sexlineata]]'' | 11=''[[Clusia tigrina]]'' | 12=''[[Clusia unita]]'' }} | 2=''[[Alloclusia]]'' | 3=''[[Allometopon]]'' | 4=''[[Amuroclusia]]'' | 5=''[[Apiochaeta]]'' | 6=''[[Chaetoclusia]]'' | 7=''[[Clusiodes]]'' | 8=''[[Czernyola]]'' | 9=''[[Hendelia]]'' | 10=''[[Heteromeringia]]'' | 11=''[[Melanoclusia]]'' | 12=''[[Phylloclusia]]'' | 13=''[[Procerosoma]]'' | 14=''[[Prohendelia]]'' | 15=''[[Sobarocephala]]'' | 16=''[[Tetrameringia]]'' }} }} ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/clusia/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Clusia}} {{Wikispecies|Clusia|''Clusia''}} ==Image gallery== <gallery> Clusia grandiflora MHNT.BOT.2009.16.3.jpg Autograph tree (Clusia rosea)- leaf with autograph, flower, fresh fruit, and dried fruit.jpg Starr 020813-0027 Clusia rosea.jpg Starr 060922-9154 Clusia rosea.jpg Arbol de Habana.JPG Starr 011025-0020 Clusia rosea.jpg </gallery> [[Kaarangay:Clusia]] 4r64fgcx9utmtnr38nla0v82ttb0pkj Colocasia 0 1581560 7782435 6689662 2026-04-08T07:11:30Z Ziv 62318 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: [[File:Colocasia esculenta 020813 0034.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 020813-0034 Colocasia esculenta.jpg]] Exact or scaled-down duplicate: [[c::File:Starr 020813-0034 Colocasia esculenta.jpg]] 7782435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Lepidoptera|date=2013-09}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Colocasia'' | status = | image = Starr 020813-0034 Colocasia esculenta.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pantheidae]] | genus = '''Colocasia''' | species = | binomial = Colocasia | binomial_authority = | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | subphylum = [[Hexapoda]] | superfamilia = [[Noctuoidea]] | synonyms = }} An '''''Colocasia'''''<ref name = "COL"/> in uska [[genus]] han [[Lepidoptera]]. An ''Colocasia'' in nahilalakip ha [[familia]] nga [[Pantheidae]].<ref name = "COL"/> An [[kladograma]] hini sumala ha [[Catalogue of Life]]<ref name = "COL"/>: {{Clade | label1 = [[Pantheidae]]&nbsp; | 1={{Clade | label1 = '''''&nbsp;Colocasia&nbsp;''''' | 1={{Clade | 1=''[[Colocasia alba]]'' | 2=''[[Colocasia albescens]]'' | 3=''[[Colocasia avellanae]]'' | 4=''[[Colocasia basistriga]]'' | 5=''[[Colocasia betulae]]'' | 6=''[[Colocasia coryli]]'' | 7=''[[Colocasia deleta]]'' | 8=''[[Colocasia electa]]'' | 9=''[[Colocasia flavicornis]]'' | 10=''[[Colocasia grisescens]]'' | 11=''[[Colocasia infanta]]'' | 12=''[[Colocasia jezoensis]]'' | 13=''[[Colocasia juncta]]'' | 14=''[[Colocasia medionigra]]'' | 15=''[[Colocasia melanotica]]'' | 16=''[[Colocasia mus]]'' | 17=''[[Colocasia propinquilinea]]'' | 18=''[[Colocasia protensa]]'' | 19=''[[Colocasia seminigra]]'' | 20=''[[Colocasia suzukii]]'' | 21=''[[Colocasia trilinea]]'' | 22=''[[Colocasia tristis]]'' | 23=''[[Colocasia umbrosa]]'' | 24=''[[Colocasia umbrossisima]]'' | 25=''[[Colocasia uniformis]]'' | 26=''[[Colocasia ussuriensis]]'' | 27=''[[Colocasia wautersi]]'' | 28=''[[Colocasia weymeri]]'' }} | 2=''[[Anacronicta]]'' | 3=''[[Anepholcia]]'' | 4=''[[Bathyra]]'' | 5=''[[Brandtina]]'' | 6=''[[Charadra]]'' | 7=''[[Disepholcia]]'' | 8=''[[Elydnodes]]'' | 9=''[[Gaujonia]]'' | 10=''[[Lichnoptera]]'' | 11=''[[Meleneta]]'' | 12=''[[Moma]]'' | 13=''[[Panthauma]]'' | 14=''[[Panthea]]'' | 15=''[[Pseudopanthea]]'' | 16=''[[Smilepholcia]]'' | 17=''[[Tambana]]'' | 18=''[[Trichosea]]'' | 19=''[[Trisulipsa]]'' | 20=''[[Trisuloides]]'' | 21=''[[Xanthomantis]]'' }} }} ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/colocasia/match/1|title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.|author= Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.)| date = 2011|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 24 Septyembre 2012}}</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Colocasia}} {{Wikispecies|Colocasia|''Colocasia''}} ==Image gallery== <gallery> File:Chembu 1.JPG File:Chembu.jpg File:Chenp.jpg File:Chinese vegetable 015.jpg File:Colocasia Plant - West Bengal 7806.JPG File:Colocasia plant from Kerala 5013.JPG </gallery> [[Kaarangay:Colocasia]] mr784qg2h3sqge856w480sm4pf3zn2m JKT48 0 1803507 7782429 7771396 2026-04-07T19:55:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41587 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 7782429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist | name = JKT48 | image = JKT48 Jak-Japan Matsuri Aitakatta.jpg | caption = | alt = | background = group_or_band | origin = [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]] | genre = [[J-pop]], [[pop]] | years_active = 2011 - | label = Hits Records<br>[[Sony Music Entertainment]] (mga distributor) | associated_acts = [[AKB48]]<br />[[SKE48]]<br />[[NMB48]]<br />[[HKT48]] | website = [https://youtube.com/JKT48 JKT48 ha YouTube]<br />{{URL|jkt48.com}} | current_members = | past_members = }} An '''JKT48''' amo an usa ka puro babaye nga banda tikang ha [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=インドネシア・ジャカルタで「JKT48」始動！ AKB48海外初の姉妹グループ誕生へ|url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/news/entertainment/2001678/full/|publisher=[[Oricon]]|date=2011-09-11|accessdate=2013-09-27|language=|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EB2h8oP8?url=http://www.oricon.co.jp/news/entertainment/2001678/full/|archivedate=2013-02-04|url-status=live}}</ref> == Diskograpiya == === Mga single=== # "[[RIVER]]" (2013) # "[[Yuuhi wo Miteiruka?|Yuuhi wo Miteiruka? - Apakah Kau Melihat Mentari Senja?]]" (2013) # "[[Fortune Cookie Yang Mencinta]]" (2013) # "Manatsu no Sounds Good! -Musim Panas Sounds Good!-" (2013) # "Flying Get" 2014 # "Gingham Check" (2014) # "Papan Penanda Isi Hati -Message on a Placard-" (2014) # "Angin Sedang Berhembus -The Wind is Blowing/Kaze wa Fuiteiru-" (2014) # "Pareo adalah Emerald -Pareo wa Emerald-" (2015) # "Refrain Penuh Harapan -Kibouteki Refrain-" (2015) # "Halloween Night" (2015) # "Beginner" (2016) # "Hanya Lihat ke Depan -Mae Shika Mukanee-" (2016) # "Love Trip" (2016) # "Luar Biasa -Saikou Kayo-" (2016) # "So Long!" (2017) # "Indahnya Senyum Manismu dst. -Kimi no Hohoemi wo Yume ni Miru-" (2017) # "Dirimu Melody -Kimi wa Melody-" (2017) # "Everyday, Kachuusha / UZA -Everyday, Katyusha- / UZA" (2018) # "High Tension" (2019) # "Rapsodi" (2020) === Mga album === # ''[[Heavy Rotation]]'' (2013) # ''Mahagita -Kamikyokutachi-'' (2016) # ''JKT48 Festival'' (2017) # ''B•E•L•I•E•V•E'' (2017) # ''Joy Kick! Tears'' (2019) == Mga video == * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=qdKLtH34Acg%20 "Heavy Rotation"] (digest)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shukanbunshun.com/2018/04/apa-itu-jkt48-academy-konsep.html|title=Konsep JKT48 Academy Diusung|date=2018-04-11|accessdate=2018-08-22|publisher=Shukan Bunshun|language=Indonesian}}</ref> * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=e5EIBDNdfi0 "RIVER"] * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=IWQjiRqGHIc "Yuuhi wo Miteiruka? - Apakah Kau Melihat Mentari Senja?"] (teaser) * [https://youtube.com/watch?v=x_a30iPLQoc "Fortune Cookie Yang Mencinta"] (teaser) == Mga reperensya == {{reflist}} == Mga sumpay ha gawas == {{commonscat|JKT48}} * [https://youtube.com/JKT48 JKT48 ha YouTube] * [http://www.jkt48.com/ An Opisyal nga Websayt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923184751/http://www.jkt48.com/ |date=2011-09-23 }} {{id icon}} {{turok}} [[Kaarangay:Hapon]] [[Kaarangay:Musika]] pwk6bh9gccan2g1nt3ma4b0sxp9ht47 Gymnocalycium striglianum 0 2115059 7782427 7672687 2026-04-07T16:09:19Z RamsesVII 61873 Image 7782427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Magnoliopsida|date=2014-06}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gymnocalycium striglianum'' | status = | image = Gymnocalycium_striglianum_5.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tracheophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] | familia = [[Cactaceae]] | genus = [[Gymnocalycium]] | species = '''Gymnocalycium striglianum''' | binomial = Gymnocalycium striglianum | binomial_authority = Jeggle & H. Till | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} An '''''Gymnocalycium striglianum'''''<ref name = "C132"/> in uska species han [[Magnoliopsida]] nga ginhulagway ni Jeggle ngan H. Till. An ''Gymnocalycium striglianum'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Gymnocalycium]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Cactaceae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/id/13438431| work = [[Catalogue of Life]] | title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.|author= Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed)| date = 2014|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 26 Mayo 2014}}</ref> <ref name = "C132">''Checklist of CITES Species Part 1 CITES species index'', 2011</ref> <ref name = "source">{{Cite web |title=(Canada);http://siit.conabio.gob.mx (Mexico) ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System |url=http://www.itis.gov;http/ |access-date=2014-09-22 |archive-date=2017-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429125543/http://www.itis.gov;http/ |url-status= }}</ref> </references> [[Kaarangay:Gymnocalycium]] oy6m6422vg6k7jj0y1li9cmfi0dfiv1 Gymnocalycium taningaense 0 2115061 7782440 7672688 2026-04-08T10:53:19Z RamsesVII 61873 correct image 7782440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Magnoliopsida|date=2014-06}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gymnocalycium taningaense'' | status = | image = G.taningaense_P_212.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tracheophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] | familia = [[Cactaceae]] | genus = [[Gymnocalycium]] | species = '''Gymnocalycium taningaense''' | binomial = Gymnocalycium taningaense | binomial_authority = Piltz | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = ''Gymnocalycium gaponii'' <small>Neuhuber</small> }} An '''''Gymnocalycium taningaense'''''<ref name = "C132"/> in uska species han [[Magnoliopsida]] nga ginhulagway ni Piltz. An ''Gymnocalycium taningaense'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Gymnocalycium]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Cactaceae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/id/13438447| work = [[Catalogue of Life]] | title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.|author= Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed)| date = 2014|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 26 Mayo 2014}}</ref> <ref name = "C132">''Checklist of CITES Species Part 1 CITES species index'', 2011</ref> <ref name = "source">{{Cite web |title=(Canada);http://siit.conabio.gob.mx (Mexico) ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System |url=http://www.itis.gov;http/ |access-date=2014-09-22 |archive-date=2017-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429125543/http://www.itis.gov;http/ |url-status= }}</ref> </references> ==Mga sumpay ha gawas== {{Commons category|Gymnocalycium taningaense}} ==Image gallery== <gallery> File:Gymnocalycium altagraciense C-3313 - 01.jpg File:Gymnocalycium altagraciense C-3313 - 02.jpg </gallery> [[Kaarangay:Gymnocalycium]] s1m72bz93xwl3o3lgfffl6nq2o6mzew Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum 0 2115062 7782441 7672689 2026-04-08T11:02:05Z RamsesVII 61873 new better image 7782441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Magnoliopsida|date=2014-06}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum'' | status = | image = Gymnocalycium_uebelmannianum_VG_669.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tracheophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] | familia = [[Cactaceae]] | genus = [[Gymnocalycium]] | species = '''Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum''' | binomial = Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum | binomial_authority = [[Walter Rausch|Rausch]] | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} An '''''Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum'''''<ref name = "C132"/> in uska species han [[Magnoliopsida]] nga ginhulagway ni [[Walter Rausch]]. An ''Gymnocalycium uebelmannianum'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Gymnocalycium]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Cactaceae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/id/13439324| work = [[Catalogue of Life]] | title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.|author= Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed)| date = 2014|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 26 Mayo 2014}}</ref> <ref name = "C132">''Checklist of CITES Species Part 1 CITES species index'', 2011</ref> <ref name = "source">{{Cite web |title=(Canada);http://siit.conabio.gob.mx (Mexico) ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System |url=http://www.itis.gov;http/ |access-date=2014-09-22 |archive-date=2017-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429125543/http://www.itis.gov;http/ |url-status= }}</ref> </references> [[Kaarangay:Gymnocalycium]] hcsvdpgtse0qs61xnkp4s13sntgcysb Cerastium pedunculatum 0 2120263 7782425 7661316 2026-04-07T13:51:08Z Robert Flogaus-Faust 37077 image added 7782425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{botmade|Lsjbot|Magnoliopsida|date=2014-06}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Cerastium pedunculatum'' | status = | image = Cerastium pedunculatum RF.jpg | image_caption = | domain = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Tracheophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] | familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]] | genus = [[Cerastium]] | species = '''Cerastium pedunculatum''' | binomial = Cerastium pedunculatum | binomial_authority = [[Jean François Aimée Gottlieb Philippe Gaudin|Gaudin]] | range_map = | range_map_caption = | image2 = | image2_caption = | synonyms = }} An '''''Cerastium pedunculatum'''''<ref name = "C132"/> in uska species han [[Magnoliopsida]] nga ginhulagway ni [[Jean François Aimée Gottlieb Philippe Gaudin]]. An ''Cerastium pedunculatum'' in nahilalakip ha [[genus]] nga ''[[Cerastium]]'', ngan [[familia]] nga [[Caryophyllaceae]].<ref name = "COL"/><ref name = "source"/> Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.<ref name = "COL"/> ==Mga kasarigan== <references> <ref name = "COL">{{cite web |url= https://catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/id/16879271| work = [[Catalogue of Life]] | title= Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2014 Annual Checklist.|author= Roskov Y., Kunze T., Orrell T., Abucay L., Paglinawan L., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Decock W., De Wever A., Didžiulis V. (ed)| date = 2014|publisher= Species 2000: Reading, UK.|accessdate= 26 Mayo 2014}}</ref> <ref name = "C132">Gaudin, 1828 ''In: Fl. Helv. 3: 251''</ref> <ref name = "source">{{Cite web |title=World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World |url=http://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ |access-date=2014-06-10 |archive-date=2019-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190318221109/http://worldplants.webarchiv.kit.edu/ |url-status= }}</ref> </references> [[Kaarangay:Cerastium]] j1fxmgiz3m0ggfs3kkb408waril3edn