I-Astronomi

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'''iAstronomi''' bafunda iinkwenkwezi. Utshitsho [[uKat]].

Astronomy (ngeenkwenkwezi, UK: ngeenkwenkwezi, Germany: Astronomie, Sternkunde, orchid: astronomie (astronomia) sterrenkunde (sterrekunde) French: astronomie), ezifana nesenzeko yasezulwini yaye ngeenkwenkwezi, ukwakhelwa ngezenzeko zendalo ezithe zenzeka kweli Umhlaba ngaphandle komthetho enye indawo lenzululwazi zendalo ukwenza loo izovela. Kwaye ikakhulu lokubeka ngeenkwenkwezi, ukukhanda yasezulwini, baziwa yokuma. Ngokuma kwaye bafunde yonke (theory Amechu, UK: ngokuma) kwaye kunxulumene kakhulu, der ezahlukeneyo zemfundo i Philosophy kunye nemvelaphi.

I-Astronomy yintsimi yokufunda eyenziwa kwimihla yakudala njengoko isayensi yesayensi ihamba phambili. Inkcubeko ngexesha kokubhalwa kwembali, bashiya ilifa ngeenkwenkwezi, ezifana ezikhumbuzo kunye iiphiramidi Nubian yaseYiputa yamandulo. Kwakhona kwenzeka kamsinya emva impucuko, waseBhabhiloni yamandulo yamaGrike, ezifana China yamandulo kunye Indiya yakudala, kwaye nkqu ezifana Iran kunye impucuko yamaMaya, uyiqwalasela kakuhle isibhakabhaka ebusuku iye yenziwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuze astronomi kukuba lujoyine bezenzululwazi ayizange kubaluleke kukuba kokusungulwa kweteleskopu. Ngokwembali, kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ngeenkwenkwezi, kodwa ndiyayithanda izikhundla isayensi kakuhle ezohlukeneyo navigation yasezulwini Le ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nekhalenda iinkqubo lokuqwalasela, ngokufuthi waqonda njengoko sesayensi nelithi neengcali ngeenkwenkwezi kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Astronomy (isayensi), indawo kunye nehlabathi ngabantu zeziganeko imizimba yasezulwini kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ukuze singabi mazingabhidaniswa ukuvumisa inkqubo yenkolo, nto leyo isekelwe kwibango ukuba kukho unxulumano. Ezi zaye zaphuhliswa ukusuka imvelaphi efanayo, kodwa ngoku eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

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'''iAstronomi''' bafunda iinkwenkwezi. Utshitsho [[uKat]].

Astronomy (ngeenkwenkwezi, UK: ngeenkwenkwezi, Germany: Astronomie, Sternkunde, orchid: astronomie (astronomia) sterrenkunde (sterrekunde) French: astronomie), ezifana nesenzeko yasezulwini yaye ngeenkwenkwezi, ukwakhelwa ngezenzeko zendalo ezithe zenzeka kweli Umhlaba ngaphandle komthetho enye indawo lenzululwazi zendalo ukwenza loo izovela. Kwaye ikakhulu lokubeka ngeenkwenkwezi, ukukhanda yasezulwini, baziwa yokuma. Ngokuma kwaye bafunde yonke (theory Amechu, UK: ngokuma) kwaye kunxulumene kakhulu, der ezahlukeneyo zemfundo i Philosophy kunye nemvelaphi.

I-Astronomy yintsimi yokufunda eyenziwa kwimihla yakudala njengoko isayensi yesayensi ihamba phambili. Inkcubeko ngexesha kokubhalwa kwembali, bashiya ilifa ngeenkwenkwezi, ezifana ezikhumbuzo kunye iiphiramidi Nubian yaseYiputa yamandulo. Kwakhona kwenzeka kamsinya emva impucuko, waseBhabhiloni yamandulo yamaGrike, ezifana China yamandulo kunye Indiya yakudala, kwaye nkqu ezifana Iran kunye impucuko yamaMaya, uyiqwalasela kakuhle isibhakabhaka ebusuku iye yenziwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuze astronomi kukuba lujoyine bezenzululwazi ayizange kubaluleke kukuba kokusungulwa kweteleskopu. Ngokwembali, kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ngeenkwenkwezi, kodwa ndiyayithanda izikhundla isayensi kakuhle ezohlukeneyo navigation yasezulwini Le ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nekhalenda iinkqubo lokuqwalasela, ngokufuthi waqonda njengoko sesayensi nelithi neengcali ngeenkwenkwezi kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Astronomy (isayensi), indawo kunye nehlabathi ngabantu zeziganeko imizimba yasezulwini kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ukuze singabi mazingabhidaniswa ukuvumisa inkqubo yenkolo, nto leyo isekelwe kwibango ukuba kukho unxulumano. Ezi zaye zaphuhliswa ukusuka imvelaphi efanayo, kodwa ngoku eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

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'''I-Astronomi''' bafunda iinkwenkwezi. Utshitsho [[uKat]].

I-Astronomy ezifana nesenzeko yasezulwini yaye ngeenkwenkwezi, ukwakhelwa ngezenzeko zendalo ezithe zenzeka kweli Umhlaba ngaphandle komthetho enye indawo lenzululwazi zendalo ukwenza loo izovela. Kwaye ikakhulu lokubeka ngeenkwenkwezi, ukukhanda yasezulwini, baziwa yokuma. Ngokuma kwaye bafunde yonke (theory Amechu, UK: ngokuma) kwaye kunxulumene kakhulu, der ezahlukeneyo zemfundo i Philosophy kunye nemvelaphi.

I-Astronomy yintsimi yokufunda eyenziwa kwimihla yakudala njengoko isayensi yesayensi ihamba phambili. Inkcubeko ngexesha kokubhalwa kwembali, bashiya ilifa ngeenkwenkwezi, ezifana ezikhumbuzo kunye iiphiramidi Nubian yaseYiputa yamandulo. Kwakhona kwenzeka kamsinya emva impucuko, waseBhabhiloni yamandulo yamaGrike, ezifana China yamandulo kunye Indiya yakudala, kwaye nkqu ezifana Iran kunye impucuko yamaMaya, uyiqwalasela kakuhle isibhakabhaka ebusuku iye yenziwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuze astronomi kukuba lujoyine bezenzululwazi ayizange kubaluleke kukuba kokusungulwa kweteleskopu. Ngokwembali, kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ngeenkwenkwezi, kodwa ndiyayithanda izikhundla isayensi kakuhle ezohlukeneyo navigation yasezulwini Le ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nekhalenda iinkqubo lokuqwalasela, ngokufuthi waqonda njengoko sesayensi nelithi neengcali ngeenkwenkwezi kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Astronomy (isayensi), indawo kunye nehlabathi ngabantu zeziganeko imizimba yasezulwini kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ukuze singabi mazingabhidaniswa ukuvumisa inkqubo yenkolo, nto leyo isekelwe kwibango ukuba kukho unxulumano. Ezi zaye zaphuhliswa ukusuka imvelaphi efanayo, kodwa ngoku eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

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[[/Archive/]] - [[/Archive2/]] - [[/Archive3/]] - [[/Archive4/]] - [[/Archive5/]] 
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== Ingxoxo yababini ==


[[Mahluko:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-35191-47|&amp;#126;2025-35191-47]] ([[Ingxoxo nelungu:&amp;#126;2025-35191-47|talk]]) 19:22, 20 Eye Nkanga 2025 (UTC)

:cela ubuza yini i G 20 [[Mahluko:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-35191-47|&amp;#126;2025-35191-47]] ([[Ingxoxo nelungu:&amp;#126;2025-35191-47|talk]]) 19:24, 20 Eye Nkanga 2025 (UTC)

== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:44, 16 EyoMqungu 2026 (UTC)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wiki Community,

We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;How to Sign Up as an Organizer 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us 
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.

Thank you and best wishes,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,

We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.

;About Wiki Loves Folklore 

'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals  
* Cultural festivals and celebrations  
* Traditional attire and crafts 
* Performing arts, music, and dance  
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage  

Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.

[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] 

; Host a Local Edition 

As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture  
* Engage new contributors in your community  
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content  

'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''  

If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.

If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.

;Get in Touch 
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:

* The project Talk pages  
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''

We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.

Warm regards,  

'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;
Iqonga lakho othetha kulo 13:21, 18 EyoMqungu 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

21:02, 19 EyoMqungu 2026 (UTC)
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== Proposals for closing projects ==

Hello,
There is a proposal to closing the project in Meta-Wiki: [[:m:Proposals for closing projects/Closure of Xhosa Wikipedia 3]], you're invited to join the discussion. Thanks, Iqonga lakho othetha kulo 23:13, 1 EyoKwindla 2026 (UTC) Iqonga lakho othetha kulo 23:13, 1 EyoKwindla 2026 (UTC)

: I '''oppose''' this proposal in principle. The community should decide for itself what quality looks like. Also by own admission the proposer is not a native speaker of the language and has admitted to sub-quality contributions as an attempt to &quot;'''''take over the wiki'''''&quot;. --[[Mahluko:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15525-52|&amp;#126;2026-15525-52]] ([[Ingxoxo nelungu:&amp;#126;2026-15525-52|talk]]) 11:31, 11 EyoKwindla 2026 (UTC)

== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikipedians!

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.

The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.

🧩'''How to participate?'''

Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.

🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.

'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''

If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&amp;messages=&amp;language=en&amp;x=D banner] into your own language.

Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! 

[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
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== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using Iqonga lakho othetha kulo 17:11, 3 EkaTshazimpuzi 2026 (UTC)
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      <text bytes="640" sha1="36z45vi60pk89bpjr4rs79vbk0dl2nq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|right|]]

'''ILanga''' (uphawu: [[file:Sun symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☉]]) [[Inkwenkwezi|liyinkwenkwezi]] embindini weNkqubo yeLanga. Lisisangqa esikhulu kwaye sishushu, sivutha side sikhanye, sivuthiswa kukuxubana kwe-nyukliye encamini yaso, ekhupha amandla wolophu ebusweni bayo aphuma sele ikukukhanya ukubonakalayo kunye nolopholubomvu ''(infrared)'' . Ilanga lingumthombo oyintloko wamandla empilo emhlabeni. Kusukela kudala izizwe ngezizwe zineenkolelo ngelanga nangezinye iinkwenkwezi.

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      <text bytes="640" sha1="36z45vi60pk89bpjr4rs79vbk0dl2nq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|right|]]

'''ILanga''' (uphawu: [[file:Sun symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☉]]) [[Inkwenkwezi|liyinkwenkwezi]] embindini weNkqubo yeLanga. Lisisangqa esikhulu kwaye sishushu, sivutha side sikhanye, sivuthiswa kukuxubana kwe-nyukliye encamini yaso, ekhupha amandla wolophu ebusweni bayo aphuma sele ikukukhanya ukubonakalayo kunye nolopholubomvu ''(infrared)'' . Ilanga lingumthombo oyintloko wamandla empilo emhlabeni. Kusukela kudala izizwe ngezizwe zineenkolelo ngelanga nangezinye iinkwenkwezi.

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  <page>
    <title>Iilwandle</title>
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      <text bytes="6997" sha1="2agehy8epyzdftk1et7r5fvttixmw13" xml:space="preserve">[[File:SouthAtlantic.png|thumbnail|right|OLwandle lwase-Atlantic]]

'''Ulwandle''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]]) ngummandla omkhulu [[amanzi|wamanzi]] anetyuwa phakathi [[Amazwekazi|kwamazwekazi]]. Iilwandle zinkulu kakhulu kwaye zidibana nezinye [[iilwandle]] ezincinci zitsho zimanyane. Xa zidibene zizonke, iilwandle zibangathi ‘’zilulwandle’’ olunye, kuba zonke iilwandle zimanyene.  Iilwandle  (okanye ii-marine biome) zithatha ama-70% zeli hlabathi siphila kulo. &lt;ref name=blue-planet&gt;{{cite book |title= Blue Planet|last= English through Science|first= |authorlink= Dinorah Pous|coauthors= |year=2010 |publisher= McGrawHill|location= North America|isbn= |pages= 117 to 118|url= }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Olona lwandle lude yi-Pacific Ocean. Lithatha umhlaba ongekuhamnjwa kuwo ongange-1/3 (yesiqingatha)somhlaba esiphila kuwo. Igama lolona lwandle luncinane kuthiwa yi-Arctic Ocean. Iindlela zeentshukumo zamanzi zizo ezahlula Ulwandle olusemaZantsi ehlabathi kwezinye iilwandle ezifana ne-Atlantic, i-Pacific and nolwase-India. Olu lwandle lukwaziya ngegama elithi yi-Antarctic, kuba kaloku igubungele yonke ingingqi ejikeleze i- Antarctica. Imephu ezindala zisenokungawsebenzisi amagama athi-ulwandle i-Arctic nelithi ulwandle UmZantsi lwandle. Olona lwandle lunzulu yi-Pacific. Esona siza sinzulu yi-Mariana Trench, ubunzulu baso buziimitha ezili-11,000 (36,200 beenyawo). Eyona nto bubonakala ngayo ubunzulu bolwandle yingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, nobumnyama obugqibeleleyo. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezingaqhelelaka kwaphela ziphila kanye kule ndawo yolwandle. Aziphili ngamandla avela elangeni ukuze, kuba zisebenzisa iityuwa ezifumaneka ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Iilwandle ngu-[[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]].

== Umbala ==
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ekubeni iilwandle ziluhlaza kuba isibhaka-bhaka sisiba sisipili kuzo, eneneni oku akusiyonyaniso. Amanzi anayo indawo yokubaluhlaza ngokombala kodwa ke lo mbala wamanzi ungabonakala kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. Kodwa ke esona sizathu sokuba iilwandle zibeluhlaza ngokwebala kukuba amanzi afunxa laandawo imbala ubomvu apha elangeni, kuze kubonakale le ndawo iluhlaza apha ekukhanyeni. Sitsho sikubone ke thina oku kukhanya kubonakalayo ngokungathi ngumbala wamanzi. 
[[File:ocean.jpg|thumb|right|Umbala wamanzi oluhlaza]]

== Izityalo nezilwanyana ==
Izinto eziphila elwandle zinakho ukuphila kumanzi anetyuwa. Ziyaphazamiseka kukukhanya kwelanga, bubushushu, luxinzelelo lwasemanzini, yintshukumo yamanzi. Intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphila emanzini ziphila kakuhle xa zikufutshane nomphezulu wolwandle, kumanzi abanzi, nakumanzi anzulu. Ezo ziphila kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle nezo zikwaxhomekeke kwimitha yelanga ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kuthiwa zi[[i-phytoplankton]]. Phantse zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle zixhomekeke ngqo okanye (ngezinye iindlela) kwezi zityalo ukuze ziphile. Kumanzi abanzi, uyakufumana oorhexe kunye noononkala. Kumanzi anzulu, izilwanyana zolwandle ezikumila kuziindi-ngeendidi kwanobukhulu bazo ngkunjalo zidada ngokukhululekileyo elwandle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo-ntlobo [[Intlanzi|zeentlanzi]], ezifana nentlanzi yamanzanetyuwa i-tuna, udwayi olude lwentlanzi ethand'ukuhamba i-sword kunye nezilwanyana zamanzi ezincancisayo ezifana nee-dolphin kunye nee-whales. Kwisibhaka-bhaka phezu kolwandle olukhamisileyo likhaya leentaka ezinkulu zolwandle, ezifana nee-albatross.&lt;ref name=blue-planet/&gt;

==Ukuvunwa kolwandle ==
Amazwe afana ne-Russia, kunye[[iJapani|neJapan]], anenqwaba yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezihamba kumazwe athile angawona aneendawo kunokuthatyathwa iinyanga ezininzi kulotywa kuzo. Ezi nqanawakazi zinamathala eencwadi amakhulu, izibhedlele, izikolo.

Abantu abaninzi balubona ulwandle njengomthombo wokutya, izimbiwa namandla.  

==Ukuloba==

Abafoti elwandle (ii-Oceanographers) ziqikelela okokuba zingaphaya kwama-15, 300 iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, ezinye zazo ziyatyiwa .&lt;ref name=fishy&gt;{{cite book | last = Sherwin| first = Frank| authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Ocean Book| publisher = Master Books| date = 2004| location = P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-89051-401-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intlazi kukutya okungumthombo wee-proteni, baninzi kakhulu abantu abayityayo. Ushishino ngokuloba [[wikt:industry|industries]] lubaluleke kakhulu kuba luza nemisebenzi, luncede nezigidi-ngezigidi zabantu ngokutya.  Namhlanje, njengesiqhelo ngenxa yokuloba elwandle, ulwandle lusinika ii-calories ezifunwa [[Abantu|ngabantu]] ezimalunga ne-2%.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; I-tuna, ii-ankhovi, kunye ne-herring zivunwa kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Pollock, flounder kunye ne-cod zibanjwa kufuphi nalapho luphela khona ulwandle ngaphantsi, &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Zingaphezulu kwesigidi ii-toni zee-herring ezibanjwa qho ngonyaka kumNtla we-Pacific, nakumNtla we-Atlantic, kwaye phantse zisibhozo kwezilishumi iintlanzi ezityiwayo ngabantu. Ezinye iintlanzi zisetyenziselwa  njenge sichumisi, isincamathelitsi, kunye nokutya kweekati nezinye izilwanyana.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

== Ubushushu bolwandle ==
Maninzi amaqondo obushushu bolwandle kulwandle oluvulekileyo, (kwintlangothi zombini - ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi)kwanokusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. ii-Icebergs zenziwe zaqamela ngamanzi abanda kakhulu kuyo yomibini le mida, abe wona amanzi avela kumbindi i-equator eshushu noko. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Amanzi apholisa ekwafudumeza ngokuthe chu kunomhlaba, ke umhlaba onikwa ifuthe lulwandle uneezigaba eziza mva zamva nezinobushushwana kunomhlaba othe qelele elwandle.  

Umphezulu wolwandle, nobizwa ngokuba ngu-''mxube wenwebu'', awubandi kangako nditsho sesidad'elenzulwini sisiy'ezantsi.  &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; emazantsi olu lwandle kulapho kukho inwebu apho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lwangesaquphe ekuthiwa xa lubizwa yi- ''thermocline''. Le ke yinwebu esembindini ebude bayo busuka kumphezulu wolwandle buhle bubheke ezantsi ngokomlinganiselo omalunga neenyawo ezinga-2,600 (800 eemitha). Ii-Thermoclines zingenzeka kuphela ngokwamaxesha onyaka okanye zibe [[wikt:Isigxina| sisigxina]], kodwa ke kungatshintsa oku, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuphi kwaye lunzulu kangakanani na ulwandle. Nje ngoko kusenzeka umphushu, luqala ke ngoku luphole, kodwa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngendlela ekhawulwzileyo, amanzi aya ngokuya evakala ityuwa. Amanzi anetyuwa nabandayo [[wikt:ukwehlisa izinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle|ngumehlisi wezinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle]], utsho azike aye ezantsi. Yhiyo le nto amanzi ashushu nabandayo engaxubeki lula. Inkoliso yezilwanyana nezityalo ziphila kule nwebu ishushu ingaphezulu. Ezantsi kwe-thermocline, izinga lokubanda libaphezulu kakhulu, kude ukubanda kwawo kubengaphezulu kokomkhenkce - kube phakathi kwama-32 &amp;ndash; 37.4 °F (0 &amp;ndash; 3 °C).&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

==Ulwandlekazi==

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Imizimba yamanzi]]‎
[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:26:58Z</timestamp>
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        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="6997" sha1="qgysd9zl8vp2y2a9evau5wq3ovlord9" xml:space="preserve">[[File:SouthAtlantic.png|thumbnail|right|OLwandle lwase-Atlantic]]

'''Ulwandle''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) ngummandla omkhulu [[amanzi|wamanzi]] anetyuwa phakathi [[Amazwekazi|kwamazwekazi]]. Iilwandle zinkulu kakhulu kwaye zidibana nezinye [[iilwandle]] ezincinci zitsho zimanyane. Xa zidibene zizonke, iilwandle zibangathi ‘’zilulwandle’’ olunye, kuba zonke iilwandle zimanyene.  Iilwandle  (okanye ii-marine biome) zithatha ama-70% zeli hlabathi siphila kulo. &lt;ref name=blue-planet&gt;{{cite book |title= Blue Planet|last= English through Science|first= |authorlink= Dinorah Pous|coauthors= |year=2010 |publisher= McGrawHill|location= North America|isbn= |pages= 117 to 118|url= }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Olona lwandle lude yi-Pacific Ocean. Lithatha umhlaba ongekuhamnjwa kuwo ongange-1/3 (yesiqingatha)somhlaba esiphila kuwo. Igama lolona lwandle luncinane kuthiwa yi-Arctic Ocean. Iindlela zeentshukumo zamanzi zizo ezahlula Ulwandle olusemaZantsi ehlabathi kwezinye iilwandle ezifana ne-Atlantic, i-Pacific and nolwase-India. Olu lwandle lukwaziya ngegama elithi yi-Antarctic, kuba kaloku igubungele yonke ingingqi ejikeleze i- Antarctica. Imephu ezindala zisenokungawsebenzisi amagama athi-ulwandle i-Arctic nelithi ulwandle UmZantsi lwandle. Olona lwandle lunzulu yi-Pacific. Esona siza sinzulu yi-Mariana Trench, ubunzulu baso buziimitha ezili-11,000 (36,200 beenyawo). Eyona nto bubonakala ngayo ubunzulu bolwandle yingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, nobumnyama obugqibeleleyo. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezingaqhelelaka kwaphela ziphila kanye kule ndawo yolwandle. Aziphili ngamandla avela elangeni ukuze, kuba zisebenzisa iityuwa ezifumaneka ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Iilwandle ngu-[[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]].

== Umbala ==
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ekubeni iilwandle ziluhlaza kuba isibhaka-bhaka sisiba sisipili kuzo, eneneni oku akusiyonyaniso. Amanzi anayo indawo yokubaluhlaza ngokombala kodwa ke lo mbala wamanzi ungabonakala kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. Kodwa ke esona sizathu sokuba iilwandle zibeluhlaza ngokwebala kukuba amanzi afunxa laandawo imbala ubomvu apha elangeni, kuze kubonakale le ndawo iluhlaza apha ekukhanyeni. Sitsho sikubone ke thina oku kukhanya kubonakalayo ngokungathi ngumbala wamanzi. 
[[File:ocean.jpg|thumb|right|Umbala wamanzi oluhlaza]]

== Izityalo nezilwanyana ==
Izinto eziphila elwandle zinakho ukuphila kumanzi anetyuwa. Ziyaphazamiseka kukukhanya kwelanga, bubushushu, luxinzelelo lwasemanzini, yintshukumo yamanzi. Intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphila emanzini ziphila kakuhle xa zikufutshane nomphezulu wolwandle, kumanzi abanzi, nakumanzi anzulu. Ezo ziphila kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle nezo zikwaxhomekeke kwimitha yelanga ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kuthiwa zi[[i-phytoplankton]]. Phantse zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle zixhomekeke ngqo okanye (ngezinye iindlela) kwezi zityalo ukuze ziphile. Kumanzi abanzi, uyakufumana oorhexe kunye noononkala. Kumanzi anzulu, izilwanyana zolwandle ezikumila kuziindi-ngeendidi kwanobukhulu bazo ngkunjalo zidada ngokukhululekileyo elwandle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo-ntlobo [[Intlanzi|zeentlanzi]], ezifana nentlanzi yamanzanetyuwa i-tuna, udwayi olude lwentlanzi ethand'ukuhamba i-sword kunye nezilwanyana zamanzi ezincancisayo ezifana nee-dolphin kunye nee-whales. Kwisibhaka-bhaka phezu kolwandle olukhamisileyo likhaya leentaka ezinkulu zolwandle, ezifana nee-albatross.&lt;ref name=blue-planet/&gt;

==Ukuvunwa kolwandle ==
Amazwe afana ne-Russia, kunye[[iJapani|neJapan]], anenqwaba yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezihamba kumazwe athile angawona aneendawo kunokuthatyathwa iinyanga ezininzi kulotywa kuzo. Ezi nqanawakazi zinamathala eencwadi amakhulu, izibhedlele, izikolo.

Abantu abaninzi balubona ulwandle njengomthombo wokutya, izimbiwa namandla.  

==Ukuloba==

Abafoti elwandle (ii-Oceanographers) ziqikelela okokuba zingaphaya kwama-15, 300 iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, ezinye zazo ziyatyiwa .&lt;ref name=fishy&gt;{{cite book | last = Sherwin| first = Frank| authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Ocean Book| publisher = Master Books| date = 2004| location = P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-89051-401-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intlazi kukutya okungumthombo wee-proteni, baninzi kakhulu abantu abayityayo. Ushishino ngokuloba [[wikt:industry|industries]] lubaluleke kakhulu kuba luza nemisebenzi, luncede nezigidi-ngezigidi zabantu ngokutya.  Namhlanje, njengesiqhelo ngenxa yokuloba elwandle, ulwandle lusinika ii-calories ezifunwa [[Abantu|ngabantu]] ezimalunga ne-2%.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; I-tuna, ii-ankhovi, kunye ne-herring zivunwa kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Pollock, flounder kunye ne-cod zibanjwa kufuphi nalapho luphela khona ulwandle ngaphantsi, &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Zingaphezulu kwesigidi ii-toni zee-herring ezibanjwa qho ngonyaka kumNtla we-Pacific, nakumNtla we-Atlantic, kwaye phantse zisibhozo kwezilishumi iintlanzi ezityiwayo ngabantu. Ezinye iintlanzi zisetyenziselwa  njenge sichumisi, isincamathelitsi, kunye nokutya kweekati nezinye izilwanyana.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

== Ubushushu bolwandle ==
Maninzi amaqondo obushushu bolwandle kulwandle oluvulekileyo, (kwintlangothi zombini - ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi)kwanokusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. ii-Icebergs zenziwe zaqamela ngamanzi abanda kakhulu kuyo yomibini le mida, abe wona amanzi avela kumbindi i-equator eshushu noko. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Amanzi apholisa ekwafudumeza ngokuthe chu kunomhlaba, ke umhlaba onikwa ifuthe lulwandle uneezigaba eziza mva zamva nezinobushushwana kunomhlaba othe qelele elwandle.  

Umphezulu wolwandle, nobizwa ngokuba ngu-''mxube wenwebu'', awubandi kangako nditsho sesidad'elenzulwini sisiy'ezantsi.  &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; emazantsi olu lwandle kulapho kukho inwebu apho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lwangesaquphe ekuthiwa xa lubizwa yi- ''thermocline''. Le ke yinwebu esembindini ebude bayo busuka kumphezulu wolwandle buhle bubheke ezantsi ngokomlinganiselo omalunga neenyawo ezinga-2,600 (800 eemitha). Ii-Thermoclines zingenzeka kuphela ngokwamaxesha onyaka okanye zibe [[wikt:Isigxina| sisigxina]], kodwa ke kungatshintsa oku, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuphi kwaye lunzulu kangakanani na ulwandle. Nje ngoko kusenzeka umphushu, luqala ke ngoku luphole, kodwa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngendlela ekhawulwzileyo, amanzi aya ngokuya evakala ityuwa. Amanzi anetyuwa nabandayo [[wikt:ukwehlisa izinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle|ngumehlisi wezinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle]], utsho azike aye ezantsi. Yhiyo le nto amanzi ashushu nabandayo engaxubeki lula. Inkoliso yezilwanyana nezityalo ziphila kule nwebu ishushu ingaphezulu. Ezantsi kwe-thermocline, izinga lokubanda libaphezulu kakhulu, kude ukubanda kwawo kubengaphezulu kokomkhenkce - kube phakathi kwama-32 &amp;ndash; 37.4 °F (0 &amp;ndash; 3 °C).&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

==Ulwandlekazi==

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Imizimba yamanzi]]‎
[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7041" sha1="9m7gryj593muhye4hw5k5adjk34saqn" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Pacific Ocean as viewed from GOES-18 on September 23, 2023.jpg|thumbnail|right|OLwandle lwase-Pasifik]]

'''Ulwandle''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) ngummandla omkhulu [[amanzi|wamanzi]] anetyuwa phakathi [[Amazwekazi|kwamazwekazi]]. Iilwandle zinkulu kakhulu kwaye zidibana nezinye [[iilwandle]] ezincinci zitsho zimanyane. Xa zidibene zizonke, iilwandle zibangathi ‘’zilulwandle’’ olunye, kuba zonke iilwandle zimanyene.  Iilwandle  (okanye ii-marine biome) zithatha ama-70% zeli hlabathi siphila kulo. &lt;ref name=blue-planet&gt;{{cite book |title= Blue Planet|last= English through Science|first= |authorlink= Dinorah Pous|coauthors= |year=2010 |publisher= McGrawHill|location= North America|isbn= |pages= 117 to 118|url= }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Olona lwandle lude yi-Pacific Ocean. Lithatha umhlaba ongekuhamnjwa kuwo ongange-1/3 (yesiqingatha)somhlaba esiphila kuwo. Igama lolona lwandle luncinane kuthiwa yi-Arctic Ocean. Iindlela zeentshukumo zamanzi zizo ezahlula Ulwandle olusemaZantsi ehlabathi kwezinye iilwandle ezifana ne-Atlantic, i-Pacific and nolwase-India. Olu lwandle lukwaziya ngegama elithi yi-Antarctic, kuba kaloku igubungele yonke ingingqi ejikeleze i- Antarctica. Imephu ezindala zisenokungawsebenzisi amagama athi-ulwandle i-Arctic nelithi ulwandle UmZantsi lwandle. Olona lwandle lunzulu yi-Pacific. Esona siza sinzulu yi-Mariana Trench, ubunzulu baso buziimitha ezili-11,000 (36,200 beenyawo). Eyona nto bubonakala ngayo ubunzulu bolwandle yingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, nobumnyama obugqibeleleyo. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezingaqhelelaka kwaphela ziphila kanye kule ndawo yolwandle. Aziphili ngamandla avela elangeni ukuze, kuba zisebenzisa iityuwa ezifumaneka ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Iilwandle ngu-[[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]].

== Umbala ==
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ekubeni iilwandle ziluhlaza kuba isibhaka-bhaka sisiba sisipili kuzo, eneneni oku akusiyonyaniso. Amanzi anayo indawo yokubaluhlaza ngokombala kodwa ke lo mbala wamanzi ungabonakala kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. Kodwa ke esona sizathu sokuba iilwandle zibeluhlaza ngokwebala kukuba amanzi afunxa laandawo imbala ubomvu apha elangeni, kuze kubonakale le ndawo iluhlaza apha ekukhanyeni. Sitsho sikubone ke thina oku kukhanya kubonakalayo ngokungathi ngumbala wamanzi. 
[[File:ocean.jpg|thumb|right|Umbala wamanzi oluhlaza]]

== Izityalo nezilwanyana ==
Izinto eziphila elwandle zinakho ukuphila kumanzi anetyuwa. Ziyaphazamiseka kukukhanya kwelanga, bubushushu, luxinzelelo lwasemanzini, yintshukumo yamanzi. Intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphila emanzini ziphila kakuhle xa zikufutshane nomphezulu wolwandle, kumanzi abanzi, nakumanzi anzulu. Ezo ziphila kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle nezo zikwaxhomekeke kwimitha yelanga ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kuthiwa zi[[i-phytoplankton]]. Phantse zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle zixhomekeke ngqo okanye (ngezinye iindlela) kwezi zityalo ukuze ziphile. Kumanzi abanzi, uyakufumana oorhexe kunye noononkala. Kumanzi anzulu, izilwanyana zolwandle ezikumila kuziindi-ngeendidi kwanobukhulu bazo ngkunjalo zidada ngokukhululekileyo elwandle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo-ntlobo [[Intlanzi|zeentlanzi]], ezifana nentlanzi yamanzanetyuwa i-tuna, udwayi olude lwentlanzi ethand'ukuhamba i-sword kunye nezilwanyana zamanzi ezincancisayo ezifana nee-dolphin kunye nee-whales. Kwisibhaka-bhaka phezu kolwandle olukhamisileyo likhaya leentaka ezinkulu zolwandle, ezifana nee-albatross.&lt;ref name=blue-planet/&gt;

==Ukuvunwa kolwandle ==
Amazwe afana ne-Russia, kunye[[iJapani|neJapan]], anenqwaba yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezihamba kumazwe athile angawona aneendawo kunokuthatyathwa iinyanga ezininzi kulotywa kuzo. Ezi nqanawakazi zinamathala eencwadi amakhulu, izibhedlele, izikolo.

Abantu abaninzi balubona ulwandle njengomthombo wokutya, izimbiwa namandla.  

==Ukuloba==

Abafoti elwandle (ii-Oceanographers) ziqikelela okokuba zingaphaya kwama-15, 300 iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, ezinye zazo ziyatyiwa .&lt;ref name=fishy&gt;{{cite book | last = Sherwin| first = Frank| authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Ocean Book| publisher = Master Books| date = 2004| location = P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-89051-401-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intlazi kukutya okungumthombo wee-proteni, baninzi kakhulu abantu abayityayo. Ushishino ngokuloba [[wikt:industry|industries]] lubaluleke kakhulu kuba luza nemisebenzi, luncede nezigidi-ngezigidi zabantu ngokutya.  Namhlanje, njengesiqhelo ngenxa yokuloba elwandle, ulwandle lusinika ii-calories ezifunwa [[Abantu|ngabantu]] ezimalunga ne-2%.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; I-tuna, ii-ankhovi, kunye ne-herring zivunwa kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Pollock, flounder kunye ne-cod zibanjwa kufuphi nalapho luphela khona ulwandle ngaphantsi, &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Zingaphezulu kwesigidi ii-toni zee-herring ezibanjwa qho ngonyaka kumNtla we-Pacific, nakumNtla we-Atlantic, kwaye phantse zisibhozo kwezilishumi iintlanzi ezityiwayo ngabantu. Ezinye iintlanzi zisetyenziselwa  njenge sichumisi, isincamathelitsi, kunye nokutya kweekati nezinye izilwanyana.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

== Ubushushu bolwandle ==
Maninzi amaqondo obushushu bolwandle kulwandle oluvulekileyo, (kwintlangothi zombini - ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi)kwanokusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. ii-Icebergs zenziwe zaqamela ngamanzi abanda kakhulu kuyo yomibini le mida, abe wona amanzi avela kumbindi i-equator eshushu noko. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Amanzi apholisa ekwafudumeza ngokuthe chu kunomhlaba, ke umhlaba onikwa ifuthe lulwandle uneezigaba eziza mva zamva nezinobushushwana kunomhlaba othe qelele elwandle.  

Umphezulu wolwandle, nobizwa ngokuba ngu-''mxube wenwebu'', awubandi kangako nditsho sesidad'elenzulwini sisiy'ezantsi.  &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; emazantsi olu lwandle kulapho kukho inwebu apho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lwangesaquphe ekuthiwa xa lubizwa yi- ''thermocline''. Le ke yinwebu esembindini ebude bayo busuka kumphezulu wolwandle buhle bubheke ezantsi ngokomlinganiselo omalunga neenyawo ezinga-2,600 (800 eemitha). Ii-Thermoclines zingenzeka kuphela ngokwamaxesha onyaka okanye zibe [[wikt:Isigxina| sisigxina]], kodwa ke kungatshintsa oku, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuphi kwaye lunzulu kangakanani na ulwandle. Nje ngoko kusenzeka umphushu, luqala ke ngoku luphole, kodwa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngendlela ekhawulwzileyo, amanzi aya ngokuya evakala ityuwa. Amanzi anetyuwa nabandayo [[wikt:ukwehlisa izinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle|ngumehlisi wezinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle]], utsho azike aye ezantsi. Yhiyo le nto amanzi ashushu nabandayo engaxubeki lula. Inkoliso yezilwanyana nezityalo ziphila kule nwebu ishushu ingaphezulu. Ezantsi kwe-thermocline, izinga lokubanda libaphezulu kakhulu, kude ukubanda kwawo kubengaphezulu kokomkhenkce - kube phakathi kwama-32 &amp;ndash; 37.4 °F (0 &amp;ndash; 3 °C).&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

==Ulwandlekazi==

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Imizimba yamanzi]]‎
[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9m7gryj593muhye4hw5k5adjk34saqn</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>40358</id>
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        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="6981" sha1="svr62a36upxfzr79sr2rk3ejrjg89nb" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Pacific Ocean as viewed from GOES-18 on September 23, 2023.jpg|thumbnail|right|OLwandle lwase-Pasifik]]

'''Ulwandle''' ngummandla omkhulu [[amanzi|wamanzi]] anetyuwa phakathi [[Amazwekazi|kwamazwekazi]]. Iilwandle zinkulu kakhulu kwaye zidibana nezinye [[iilwandle]] ezincinci zitsho zimanyane. Xa zidibene zizonke, iilwandle zibangathi ‘’zilulwandle’’ olunye, kuba zonke iilwandle zimanyene.  Iilwandle  (okanye ii-marine biome) zithatha ama-70% zeli hlabathi siphila kulo. &lt;ref name=blue-planet&gt;{{cite book |title= Blue Planet|last= English through Science|first= |authorlink= Dinorah Pous|coauthors= |year=2010 |publisher= McGrawHill|location= North America|isbn= |pages= 117 to 118|url= }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Olona lwandle lude yi-Pacific Ocean. Lithatha umhlaba ongekuhamnjwa kuwo ongange-1/3 (yesiqingatha)somhlaba esiphila kuwo. Igama lolona lwandle luncinane kuthiwa yi-Arctic Ocean. Iindlela zeentshukumo zamanzi zizo ezahlula Ulwandle olusemaZantsi ehlabathi kwezinye iilwandle ezifana ne-Atlantic, i-Pacific and nolwase-India. Olu lwandle lukwaziya ngegama elithi yi-Antarctic, kuba kaloku igubungele yonke ingingqi ejikeleze i- Antarctica. Imephu ezindala zisenokungawsebenzisi amagama athi-ulwandle i-Arctic nelithi ulwandle UmZantsi lwandle. Olona lwandle lunzulu yi-Pacific. Esona siza sinzulu yi-Mariana Trench, ubunzulu baso buziimitha ezili-11,000 (36,200 beenyawo). Eyona nto bubonakala ngayo ubunzulu bolwandle yingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, nobumnyama obugqibeleleyo. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezingaqhelelaka kwaphela ziphila kanye kule ndawo yolwandle. Aziphili ngamandla avela elangeni ukuze, kuba zisebenzisa iityuwa ezifumaneka ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Iilwandle ngu-[[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]].

== Umbala ==
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ekubeni iilwandle ziluhlaza kuba isibhaka-bhaka sisiba sisipili kuzo, eneneni oku akusiyonyaniso. Amanzi anayo indawo yokubaluhlaza ngokombala kodwa ke lo mbala wamanzi ungabonakala kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. Kodwa ke esona sizathu sokuba iilwandle zibeluhlaza ngokwebala kukuba amanzi afunxa laandawo imbala ubomvu apha elangeni, kuze kubonakale le ndawo iluhlaza apha ekukhanyeni. Sitsho sikubone ke thina oku kukhanya kubonakalayo ngokungathi ngumbala wamanzi. 
[[File:ocean.jpg|thumb|right|Umbala wamanzi oluhlaza]]

== Izityalo nezilwanyana ==
Izinto eziphila elwandle zinakho ukuphila kumanzi anetyuwa. Ziyaphazamiseka kukukhanya kwelanga, bubushushu, luxinzelelo lwasemanzini, yintshukumo yamanzi. Intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphila emanzini ziphila kakuhle xa zikufutshane nomphezulu wolwandle, kumanzi abanzi, nakumanzi anzulu. Ezo ziphila kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle nezo zikwaxhomekeke kwimitha yelanga ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kuthiwa zi[[i-phytoplankton]]. Phantse zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle zixhomekeke ngqo okanye (ngezinye iindlela) kwezi zityalo ukuze ziphile. Kumanzi abanzi, uyakufumana oorhexe kunye noononkala. Kumanzi anzulu, izilwanyana zolwandle ezikumila kuziindi-ngeendidi kwanobukhulu bazo ngkunjalo zidada ngokukhululekileyo elwandle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo-ntlobo [[Intlanzi|zeentlanzi]], ezifana nentlanzi yamanzanetyuwa i-tuna, udwayi olude lwentlanzi ethand'ukuhamba i-sword kunye nezilwanyana zamanzi ezincancisayo ezifana nee-dolphin kunye nee-whales. Kwisibhaka-bhaka phezu kolwandle olukhamisileyo likhaya leentaka ezinkulu zolwandle, ezifana nee-albatross.&lt;ref name=blue-planet/&gt;

==Ukuvunwa kolwandle ==
Amazwe afana ne-Russia, kunye[[iJapani|neJapan]], anenqwaba yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezihamba kumazwe athile angawona aneendawo kunokuthatyathwa iinyanga ezininzi kulotywa kuzo. Ezi nqanawakazi zinamathala eencwadi amakhulu, izibhedlele, izikolo.

Abantu abaninzi balubona ulwandle njengomthombo wokutya, izimbiwa namandla.  

==Ukuloba==

Abafoti elwandle (ii-Oceanographers) ziqikelela okokuba zingaphaya kwama-15, 300 iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, ezinye zazo ziyatyiwa .&lt;ref name=fishy&gt;{{cite book | last = Sherwin| first = Frank| authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Ocean Book| publisher = Master Books| date = 2004| location = P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-89051-401-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intlazi kukutya okungumthombo wee-proteni, baninzi kakhulu abantu abayityayo. Ushishino ngokuloba [[wikt:industry|industries]] lubaluleke kakhulu kuba luza nemisebenzi, luncede nezigidi-ngezigidi zabantu ngokutya.  Namhlanje, njengesiqhelo ngenxa yokuloba elwandle, ulwandle lusinika ii-calories ezifunwa [[Abantu|ngabantu]] ezimalunga ne-2%.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; I-tuna, ii-ankhovi, kunye ne-herring zivunwa kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Pollock, flounder kunye ne-cod zibanjwa kufuphi nalapho luphela khona ulwandle ngaphantsi, &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Zingaphezulu kwesigidi ii-toni zee-herring ezibanjwa qho ngonyaka kumNtla we-Pacific, nakumNtla we-Atlantic, kwaye phantse zisibhozo kwezilishumi iintlanzi ezityiwayo ngabantu. Ezinye iintlanzi zisetyenziselwa  njenge sichumisi, isincamathelitsi, kunye nokutya kweekati nezinye izilwanyana.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

== Ubushushu bolwandle ==
Maninzi amaqondo obushushu bolwandle kulwandle oluvulekileyo, (kwintlangothi zombini - ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi)kwanokusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. ii-Icebergs zenziwe zaqamela ngamanzi abanda kakhulu kuyo yomibini le mida, abe wona amanzi avela kumbindi i-equator eshushu noko. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Amanzi apholisa ekwafudumeza ngokuthe chu kunomhlaba, ke umhlaba onikwa ifuthe lulwandle uneezigaba eziza mva zamva nezinobushushwana kunomhlaba othe qelele elwandle.  

Umphezulu wolwandle, nobizwa ngokuba ngu-''mxube wenwebu'', awubandi kangako nditsho sesidad'elenzulwini sisiy'ezantsi.  &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; emazantsi olu lwandle kulapho kukho inwebu apho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lwangesaquphe ekuthiwa xa lubizwa yi- ''thermocline''. Le ke yinwebu esembindini ebude bayo busuka kumphezulu wolwandle buhle bubheke ezantsi ngokomlinganiselo omalunga neenyawo ezinga-2,600 (800 eemitha). Ii-Thermoclines zingenzeka kuphela ngokwamaxesha onyaka okanye zibe [[wikt:Isigxina| sisigxina]], kodwa ke kungatshintsa oku, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuphi kwaye lunzulu kangakanani na ulwandle. Nje ngoko kusenzeka umphushu, luqala ke ngoku luphole, kodwa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngendlela ekhawulwzileyo, amanzi aya ngokuya evakala ityuwa. Amanzi anetyuwa nabandayo [[wikt:ukwehlisa izinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle|ngumehlisi wezinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle]], utsho azike aye ezantsi. Yhiyo le nto amanzi ashushu nabandayo engaxubeki lula. Inkoliso yezilwanyana nezityalo ziphila kule nwebu ishushu ingaphezulu. Ezantsi kwe-thermocline, izinga lokubanda libaphezulu kakhulu, kude ukubanda kwawo kubengaphezulu kokomkhenkce - kube phakathi kwama-32 &amp;ndash; 37.4 °F (0 &amp;ndash; 3 °C).&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

==Ulwandlekazi==

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Imizimba yamanzi]]‎
[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40360</id>
      <parentid>40358</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:46:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="6978" sha1="7if4p3p40okjy718u1syyi9ul20awbm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Pacific Ocean as viewed from GOES-18 on September 23, 2023.jpg|thumbnail|right|OLwandle lwase-Pasifik]]

'''Ulwandle''' ngummandla omkhulu [[amanzi|wamanzi]] anetyuwa phakathi [[Amazwekazi|kwamazwekazi]]. Iilwandle zinkulu kakhulu kwaye zidibana nezinye [[iilwandle]] ezincinci zitsho zimanyane. Xa zidibene zizonke, iilwandle zibangathi ‘’zilulwandle’’ olunye, kuba zonke iilwandle zimanyene.  Iilwandle  (okanye ii-marine biome) zithatha ama-70% zeli hlabathi siphila kulo. &lt;ref name=blue-planet&gt;{{cite book |title= Blue Planet|last= English through Science|first= |authorlink= Dinorah Pous|coauthors= |year=2010 |publisher= McGrawHill|location= North America|isbn= |pages= 117 to 118|url= }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Olona lwandle lude yi-Pacific Ocean. Lithatha umhlaba ongekuhamnjwa kuwo ongange-1/3 (yesiqingatha)somhlaba esiphila kuwo. Igama lolona lwandle luncinane kuthiwa yi-Arctic Ocean. Iindlela zeentshukumo zamanzi zizo ezahlula Ulwandle olusemaZantsi ehlabathi kwezinye iilwandle ezifana ne-Atlantic, i-Pacific and nolwase-India. Olu lwandle lukwaziya ngegama elithi yi-Antarctic, kuba kaloku igubungele yonke ingingqi ejikeleze i- Antarctica. Imephu ezindala zisenokungawsebenzisi amagama athi-ulwandle i-Arctic nelithi ulwandle UmZantsi lwandle. Olona lwandle lunzulu yi-Pacific. Esona siza sinzulu yi-Mariana Trench, ubunzulu baso buziimitha ezili-11,000 (36,200 beenyawo). Eyona nto bubonakala ngayo ubunzulu bolwandle yingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, nobumnyama obugqibeleleyo. Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezingaqhelelaka kwaphela ziphila kanye kule ndawo yolwandle. Aziphili ngamandla avela elangeni ukuze, kuba zisebenzisa iityuwa ezifumaneka ngaphantsi komhlaba.

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Iilwandle ngu-[[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]].

== Umbala ==
Nangona uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ekubeni iilwandle ziluhlaza kuba isibhaka-bhaka sisiba sisipili kuzo, eneneni oku akusiyonyaniso. Amanzi anayo indawo yokubaluhlaza ngokombala kodwa ke lo mbala wamanzi ungabonakala kuphela xa kukho amanzi amaninzi. Kodwa ke esona sizathu sokuba iilwandle zibeluhlaza ngokwebala kukuba amanzi afunxa laandawo imbala ubomvu apha elangeni, kuze kubonakale le ndawo iluhlaza apha ekukhanyeni. Sitsho sikubone ke thina oku kukhanya kubonakalayo ngokungathi ngumbala wamanzi. 
[[File:ocean.jpg|thumb|right|Umbala wamanzi oluhlaza]]

== Izityalo nezilwanyana ==
Izinto eziphila elwandle zinakho ukuphila kumanzi anetyuwa. Ziyaphazamiseka kukukhanya kwelanga, bubushushu, luxinzelelo lwasemanzini, yintshukumo yamanzi. Intlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphila emanzini ziphila kakuhle xa zikufutshane nomphezulu wolwandle, kumanzi abanzi, nakumanzi anzulu. Ezo ziphila kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle nezo zikwaxhomekeke kwimitha yelanga ukuze zikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya kuthiwa zi[[i-phytoplankton]]. Phantse zonke izilwanyana zaselwandle zixhomekeke ngqo okanye (ngezinye iindlela) kwezi zityalo ukuze ziphile. Kumanzi abanzi, uyakufumana oorhexe kunye noononkala. Kumanzi anzulu, izilwanyana zolwandle ezikumila kuziindi-ngeendidi kwanobukhulu bazo ngkunjalo zidada ngokukhululekileyo elwandle. Ezi zibandakanya iintlobo-ntlobo [[Intlanzi|zeentlanzi]], ezifana nentlanzi yamanzanetyuwa i-tuna, udwayi olude lwentlanzi ethand'ukuhamba i-sword kunye nezilwanyana zamanzi ezincancisayo ezifana nee-dolphin kunye nee-whales. Kwisibhaka-bhaka phezu kolwandle olukhamisileyo likhaya leentaka ezinkulu zolwandle, ezifana nee-albatross.&lt;ref name=blue-planet/&gt;

==Ukuvunwa kolwandle ==
Amazwe afana ne-Russia, kunye[[iJapani|neJapan]], anenqwaba yeenqanawa ezinkulu ezihamba kumazwe athile angawona aneendawo kunokuthatyathwa iinyanga ezininzi kulotywa kuzo. Ezi nqanawakazi zinamathala eencwadi amakhulu, izibhedlele, izikolo.

Abantu abaninzi balubona ulwandle njengomthombo wokutya, izimbiwa namandla.  

==Ukuloba==

Abafoti elwandle (ii-Oceanographers) ziqikelela okokuba zingaphaya kwama-15, 300 iintlanzi eziphila elwandle, ezinye zazo ziyatyiwa .&lt;ref name=fishy&gt;{{cite book | last = Sherwin| first = Frank| authorlink = | coauthors = | title = The Ocean Book| publisher = Master Books| date = 2004| location = P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638| pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-89051-401-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Intlazi kukutya okungumthombo wee-proteni, baninzi kakhulu abantu abayityayo. Ushishino ngokuloba [[wikt:industry|industries]] lubaluleke kakhulu kuba luza nemisebenzi, luncede nezigidi-ngezigidi zabantu ngokutya.  Namhlanje, njengesiqhelo ngenxa yokuloba elwandle, ulwandle lusinika ii-calories ezifunwa [[Abantu|ngabantu]] ezimalunga ne-2%.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; I-tuna, ii-ankhovi, kunye ne-herring zivunwa kufuphi nomphezulu wolwandle. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Pollock, flounder kunye ne-cod zibanjwa kufuphi nalapho luphela khona ulwandle ngaphantsi, &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Zingaphezulu kwesigidi ii-toni zee-herring ezibanjwa qho ngonyaka kumNtla we-Pacific, nakumNtla we-Atlantic, kwaye phantse zisibhozo kwezilishumi iintlanzi ezityiwayo ngabantu. Ezinye iintlanzi zisetyenziselwa  njenge sichumisi, isincamathelitsi, kunye nokutya kweekati nezinye izilwanyana.&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

== Ubushushu bolwandle ==
Maninzi amaqondo obushushu bolwandle kulwandle oluvulekileyo, (kwintlangothi zombini - ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi)kwanokusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. ii-Icebergs zenziwe zaqamela ngamanzi abanda kakhulu kuyo yomibini le mida, abe wona amanzi avela kumbindi i-equator eshushu noko. &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; Amanzi apholisa ekwafudumeza ngokuthe chu kunomhlaba, ke umhlaba onikwa ifuthe lulwandle uneezigaba eziza mva zamva nezinobushushwana kunomhlaba othe qelele elwandle.  

Umphezulu wolwandle, nobizwa ngokuba ngu-''mxube wenwebu'', awubandi kangako nditsho sesidad'elenzulwini sisiy'ezantsi.  &lt;ref name=fishy/&gt; emazantsi olu lwandle kulapho kukho inwebu apho kwenzeka khona utshintsho lwangesaquphe ekuthiwa xa lubizwa yi- ''thermocline''. Le ke yinwebu esembindini ebude bayo busuka kumphezulu wolwandle buhle bubheke ezantsi ngokomlinganiselo omalunga neenyawo ezinga-2,600 (800 eemitha). Ii-Thermoclines zingenzeka kuphela ngokwamaxesha onyaka okanye zibe [[wikt:Isigxina| sisigxina]], kodwa ke kungatshintsa oku, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kuphi kwaye lunzulu kangakanani na ulwandle. Nje ngoko kusenzeka umphushu, luqala ke ngoku luphole, kodwa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngendlela ekhawulwzileyo, amanzi aya ngokuya evakala ityuwa. Amanzi anetyuwa nabandayo [[wikt:ukwehlisa izinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle|ngumehlisi wezinga lomkhenkce nelobushushu emanzini olwandle]], utsho azike aye ezantsi. Yhiyo le nto amanzi ashushu nabandayo engaxubeki lula. Inkoliso yezilwanyana nezityalo ziphila kule nwebu ishushu ingaphezulu. Ezantsi kwe-thermocline, izinga lokubanda libaphezulu kakhulu, kude ukubanda kwawo kubengaphezulu kokomkhenkce - kube phakathi kwama-32 &amp;ndash; 37.4 °F (0 &amp;ndash; 3 °C).&lt;ref name=fishy/&gt;

==Ulwandlekazi==

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Imizimba yamanzi]]‎
[[Category:Umhlaba]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ihlabathi</title>
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        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
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      <text bytes="5827" sha1="hcs0m6d3pmvezg78o6tc7gh25d9l5yi" xml:space="preserve">'''Ihlabathi''' yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
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      <text bytes="5848" sha1="1e13ezs20ehss6yhqhywuufk7pb1tkf" xml:space="preserve">'''Ihlabathi''' yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[IMercury (iplanethi)|iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>1e13ezs20ehss6yhqhywuufk7pb1tkf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40364</id>
      <parentid>40363</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:49:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40364</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5908" sha1="8fsscw02oumntfugkweyy4qv8045dam" xml:space="preserve">'''Ihlabathi''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[IMercury (iplanethi)|iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>8fsscw02oumntfugkweyy4qv8045dam</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40365</id>
      <parentid>40364</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:50:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40365</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5930" sha1="9ys5y02mxw1jqt0pnszm1h40metld61" xml:space="preserve">'''Ihlabathi''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[IMercury (iplanethi)|iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9ys5y02mxw1jqt0pnszm1h40metld61</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40402</id>
      <parentid>40365</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:20:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>merge duplicate article</comment>
      <origin>40402</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35" sha1="i6sgdhqajh1m4z8q946ih18p3coyltt" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Umhlaba (i-astronomy)]]</text>
      <sha1>i6sgdhqajh1m4z8q946ih18p3coyltt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40403</id>
      <parentid>40402</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:21:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Undid revision [[Special:Diff/40402|40402]] by [[Special:Contributions/Kwamikagami|Kwamikagami]] ([[User talk:Kwamikagami|talk]])</comment>
      <origin>40403</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5930" sha1="9ys5y02mxw1jqt0pnszm1h40metld61" xml:space="preserve">'''Ihlabathi''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[IMercury (iplanethi)|iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9ys5y02mxw1jqt0pnszm1h40metld61</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40404</id>
      <parentid>40403</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:22:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40404</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6018" sha1="q3ig80j57zggku5gidrcf84vv2wit7u" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Meteosat-12-fci-march-equinox-2025-noon.jpg|thumb|Umhlaba]]
'''Ihlabathi''' okanye '''Umhlaba''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) yindawo eyiplanethi yesithathu ukusuka [[elangeni]] kwaye kukuphela kweplanethi eyaziwa njenge[[ubomi|nobomi]]kuyo. Ihlabathi eli [[ubudala beHlabathi|leenzeka kwisithuba sezigidigidi ezi4.5 billion zeminyaka eyadlulayo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;age earth&quot;&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://sp.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/205|title=The age of the Earth in the twentieth century- a problem (mostly) solved|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Geological Society, London, Special Publications}}&lt;/ref&gt; lelinye leeplanethi ezine [[iplanethi eneempawu zehlabathi|ezinamatye]] ngaphakathi kwi''solar'' [[izinto ezijikeleze ilanga]]. Ezinye zazo zi[[IMercury (iplanethi)|iMercury]], [[iVenus]], kunye ne[[iMars|Mars]].

Ubunzima obukhulu [[mass]] belanga benza okokuba ihlabathi lili[[ukujikeleza|jikeleze ngokwesazinge]], kanye oku kobunzima behlabathi xa busenza okokuba [[inyanga]] ilijikeleze . Nehlabathi ngokunjalo liyazijikikelezela,  ngoko ke iindawo ngeendawo zijonge ngaselangeni ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ihlabathi lijikeleza [[ilanga]] kanye (kube kanye ngo&quot;[[year]]&quot;) qho kwisithuba esingangamawaka ama-365¼ lijikeleza oko (kanye ngo&quot;[[suku]]&quot;).

Inyanga ijikeleza umhlaba qho kwiintsuku ezimalunga nama-27⅓, kwaye ibanokukhanya okuvela elangeni. Njengokuba ihlabathi lijikelelza ilanga kwangelo xesha linye, ukutshintsha kokukhanya kwenyanga kuthatha iintsuku ezimalunga nama-29½ ukuba itshintshe ebumnyameni iye ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo isuke apho iphindele ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho ke kwavela khona lo mbono we[[inyanga|nyanga]].    Kodwa ke ngoku iinyanga ezininzi zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ama-31 zitsho zikulungele ukwenza unyaka.

ihlabathi kukuphela kwe[[iplanethi|planethi]] kwinkqubo yethu yezinto ezijikeleza ilanga [[ubumanzi|enobumanzi]] obuninzi na[[amanzi]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4202901/|title=Rover reveals Mars was once wet enough for life|accessdate=28 July 2009|publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Malunga nama71[[iipesenti|%]] zomhlaba zogqunywe [[iilwandle|ngeelwandle]]. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, maxa wambi kuthiwa y''iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka''.  {{refn|''Blue Planet'' is a poetic title for the Earth used in [[movie]]s, in [[magazine|cheap paper book]]s, in [[poetry]], and in government reports (such as the [[European Space Agency]]'s &quot;[http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin137/bul137b_drinkwater.pdf Exploring the water cycle of the 'Blue Planet']&quot;)}}

Ngenxa yamanzi ayo, ihlabathi lilikhaya lezigidi zeentlobo ze[[Isityalo|izityalo]] nezi[[izilwanyana|lwanyana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241.1441M|title= How many species are there on Earth|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2009-07-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=purves_et_al2001&gt;{{cite book | author=Purves, William Kirkwood ''et al'' | title=Life, the science of biology| publisher=Macmillan | page=455 | year=2001 | isbn=0716738732 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Izinto eziphila emHlabeni ziyitshinsthe kwaphela umphezulu nembonakalo yomhlaba. umzekelo, [[cyanobacteria]] ekuqaleni watshintsha [[umoya]] kwaye wayinika [[I-oxygen|I-oksijini]]. Indawo ephilayo kumphezulu woMhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi &quot;[[I-Biosphere|biosphere]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://www.space.com/searchforlife/life_origins_001205.html|title= Origins of life on Earth|accessdate=2009-07-28|publisher=Space.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igophe lokujika==
[[File:AxialTiltObliquity.png|thumb|right|300px|Ihlabathi lijika kwigophe ekuthiwa yi&quot;[[axial tilt]]&quot;) ngokunxulumene nomzila wayo ojikeleze langa]]Ihlabathi yinxalenye yee[[iplanethi|planethi]] ezisibhozo kwakunye nenxalenye yamawakawaka ezinto ezincinane ezizulazula zijikeleza [[ilanga]] njenge[[nkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga]]. Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwezinto ezingqonge ilanga ihamba nge[[Ngalo yeOrion]] ye[[Milky Way]] [[Galaxy]] ngoku,  kwaye oku kuyakwenzeka isithuba seminyaka eli-10,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/030827a.html|title=Earth's location in the Milky Way|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ihlabathi ngokubanzi {{liguqula|150,000,000|km|mi|sp=us|disp=or|sigfig=2}} kude le kw[[ilanga]] (lo mgama ubizwa ngokuba yi&quot;[[Astronomical Unit]]&quot;). Umhlaba uhamba ngendlela yawo ngesantya [[esikumyinge]] wama {{convert|30|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on|disp=or|sigfig=2}} ngomzuzwana. &lt;ref&gt;{{citeweb|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|title=NASA- an Earth fact sheet|accessdate=2009-08-06|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508021904/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umhlaba ujika kuyo yonke le ndlela malunga ne-365¼ yamathuba athatyathwa lilanga ngelo xesha ke uMhlaba wona uchitha uyihamba yonke loo ndlela ujikeleza [[ilanga]].&lt;ref name=IERS&gt;{{cite web | author=Staff | date=2007-08-07 | url=http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/models/constants.html | title=Useful Constants | publisher=International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service| accessdate=2008-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukuze kubekho usuku olude kunezinye qho ngonyaka, [[leap day|usuku olongezelelweyo]] lubakho qho kwiminyaka emine. kuthiwe ke lo nyaka yi&quot;[[leap year]]&quot;.

[[Inyanga]] ijikeleza umHlaba kumgama [[ongumyinge]] we {{convert|250,000|mi|km|sp=us|disp=or|disp=flip|sigfig=2}}. It is locked to Earth, so that it always has the same half facing the Earth; the other half is called the &quot;[[Dark Side of the Moon]]&quot;. Kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-27⅓ ukuba iNyanga ijikeleze umhlaba wonke kodwa, ngenxa yokuba uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga ngaxeshanye, kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-29½ ukuba iNyanga isuke ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni iye ebumnyameni kwakhona. Kulapho igama elithi &quot;[[inyanga]]&quot; lavela khona, nangona iinyanga ezininzi ngoku zineentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-31

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>q3ig80j57zggku5gidrcf84vv2wit7u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Mercury</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4758</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40382</id>
      <parentid>29154</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:11:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40382</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="796" sha1="auzin5au89l0tc9vxw9d7w86j0tin89" xml:space="preserve">{{see also|I-Mercury (iplanethi)}}
[[File:Pouring liquid mercury bionerd.jpg|thumb|I-Mercury]]
'''I-Mercury''', ikwaziwa njenge'''quicksilver'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/quicksilver|title=quicksilver definition|accessdate=October 13, 2008|publisher=Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)}}&lt;/ref&gt; okanye '''i-hydrargyrum''', y[[i-chemical element]]. [[Uphawu]] kw[[i-periodic table]] luthi '''Hg''', yona [[i-atomic number]] yayo inga-80. [[I-atomic mass]] yayo ingama-200.59

Uphawu oluthi''Hg'' lumele igama layo le[[Ulwimi lwesiLatini|siLatini]] [[Ulwimi lwesiGrike |isiGreki]] ''i-hydrargyrum'', elintsingiselo yalo ibhekiselele kwinto ebumanzi okanye [[emanzi]] [[isilivere]].

==Imithombo==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mercury}}

[[Category:IKhemikhali]]

{{stub}}</text>
      <sha1>auzin5au89l0tc9vxw9d7w86j0tin89</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Makemake</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4956</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40368</id>
      <parentid>34192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:56:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40368</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1751" sha1="lhf1c1y43vvacr0dotsefok96xonkn0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Makemake with moon.png|right|thumb|IMakemake kunye nenyanga yayo (iHubble Space Telescope)]]
I-'''Makemake''' (ibizwa ngokusesikweni njenge-'''136472 Makemake''', uphawu: [[file:makemake symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🝼]]) iyi-dwarf planet.Yaafunyaniswa ngomhla wama-31 kaMatshi ngo-2005 zii-astronomers ezingoo-
Michael E. Brown, u-Chad Trujillo kunye no- David Rabinowitz. Yayisaya kubhengezwa njenge-dwarf planet ngomhla we-11 kaJuni ngo-2008. I-Makemake -yinto eyi-Trans-Neptunian, kuba ijikeleza iLanga emva kwe- Neptune.

Kuthiwa xa ibizwa i-Makemake emva kwe[[UThixo|sithixo]] sama-ancient civilization that lived on Easter island.

== Igama ==
Ekuqaleni  le-planet yayinikwe igama lokuyiphawula elithi  'Easterbunny' njengoko yathi yafunyanwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwePasika. umbutho weAstronomi kuzolwenke wayinika igama elithi   Makemake, the creator [[UThixo|uthixo]] ongumdali wabantu besiqithi sePasika, ukuze bazigcine bexhumene nePasika.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.mikebrownsplanets.com/2008/07/whats-in-name-part-2.html &quot;Planets, whats in a name?&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;printonly&quot;&gt;.&amp;#x20;http://www.mikebrownsplanets.com/2008/07/whats-in-name-part-2.html&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Makemake ngu-[[File:Makemake symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🝼]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/what-is-a-dwarf-planet |author= JPL/NASA |date= 2015-04-22  |website= Jet Propulsion Laboratory |title= What is a Dwarf Planet? |access-date= 2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ukumila kwayo ==
I-Makemake ibonakala ngokungathi yenziwe ngomkhenkce anangamantye. kodwa izinga  lobushushu liphantsi kakhulu, umkhenkce uqina nkqi ufane nqwa namatye.  

== Emakufundwe ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>lhf1c1y43vvacr0dotsefok96xonkn0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40375</id>
      <parentid>40368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:09:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMakemake]] to [[I-Makemake]]</comment>
      <origin>40368</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1751" sha1="lhf1c1y43vvacr0dotsefok96xonkn0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Makemake with moon.png|right|thumb|IMakemake kunye nenyanga yayo (iHubble Space Telescope)]]
I-'''Makemake''' (ibizwa ngokusesikweni njenge-'''136472 Makemake''', uphawu: [[file:makemake symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🝼]]) iyi-dwarf planet.Yaafunyaniswa ngomhla wama-31 kaMatshi ngo-2005 zii-astronomers ezingoo-
Michael E. Brown, u-Chad Trujillo kunye no- David Rabinowitz. Yayisaya kubhengezwa njenge-dwarf planet ngomhla we-11 kaJuni ngo-2008. I-Makemake -yinto eyi-Trans-Neptunian, kuba ijikeleza iLanga emva kwe- Neptune.

Kuthiwa xa ibizwa i-Makemake emva kwe[[UThixo|sithixo]] sama-ancient civilization that lived on Easter island.

== Igama ==
Ekuqaleni  le-planet yayinikwe igama lokuyiphawula elithi  'Easterbunny' njengoko yathi yafunyanwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwePasika. umbutho weAstronomi kuzolwenke wayinika igama elithi   Makemake, the creator [[UThixo|uthixo]] ongumdali wabantu besiqithi sePasika, ukuze bazigcine bexhumene nePasika.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.mikebrownsplanets.com/2008/07/whats-in-name-part-2.html &quot;Planets, whats in a name?&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;printonly&quot;&gt;.&amp;#x20;http://www.mikebrownsplanets.com/2008/07/whats-in-name-part-2.html&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Isimboli ecetywayo ye-Makemake ngu-[[File:Makemake symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🝼]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/what-is-a-dwarf-planet |author= JPL/NASA |date= 2015-04-22  |website= Jet Propulsion Laboratory |title= What is a Dwarf Planet? |access-date= 2022-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ukumila kwayo ==
I-Makemake ibonakala ngokungathi yenziwe ngomkhenkce anangamantye. kodwa izinga  lobushushu liphantsi kakhulu, umkhenkce uqina nkqi ufane nqwa namatye.  

== Emakufundwe ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Venus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7207</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40341</id>
      <parentid>37462</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:34:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40341</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4763" sha1="ryca0cptqgo9oprj737p3179imcjmqm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608 (cropped).jpg|thumb]]
'''IVenus''' yiplanethi yesibini ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]]. Yiplanethi enamatye eneatmosfera exineneyo kuzo zonke imizimba yamatye kwiSolar System, kwaye iyona kuphela enobunzima kunye nobukhulu obusondele kummelwane wayo ojikelezayo uMhlaba . Ukujikeleza ngaphantsi (ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba), kubonakala kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba esihlala sikufutshane neLanga, njengokuba &quot;yinkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;yinkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot;. Ngelixa oku kukwayinyaniso kwiMercury, iVenus ibonakala ngokugqame ngakumbi, kuba iyeyesithathu into eqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba emva kweNyanga neLanga,   ibonakala iqaqambile kunayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi yakudala efana neenkwenkwezi okanye nayiphi na into ezinzileyo . inkwenkwezi . Ngodumo olunjalo esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, iVenus ngokwembali ibiyinto eqhelekileyo nebalulekileyo ebantwini, kuzo zombini iinkcubeko zabo kunye nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi.

IVenus inomazibuthe obuthathaka kunye nomoya oshinyeneyo wekharbhon dayoksayidi, nto leyo edala, kunye nelifu eligqumayo le-sulfuric acid, ifuthe eligqithisileyo legreenhouse . Oku kubangela umphezulu wobushushu obuphakathi kwe {{Convert|737|K|C F}} kunye noxinzelelo olutyumzayo lwamaxesha angama-92 oMhlaba kwinqanaba lolwandle, ukuguqula umoya ube lulwelo olugqithisileyo, ngelixa ukwindawo yokuphakama kwamafu engama {{Convert|50|km|mi}} . ngaphezulu komphezulu, uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nemitha yemitha ziyafana kakhulu kumphezulu woMhlaba. Iimeko ezinokuthi zilungele ubomi kwiVenus zichongiwe kumaleko ayo amafu, kunye nophando lwakutsha nje lufumene ubungqina, kodwa obungaqinisekanga, ubungqina bobomi kwiplanethi. IVenus isenokuba yayinamanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi kwasekuqaleni kwembali yayo, enokwenzeka ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenze iilwandlekazi, kodwa iziphumo ezibalekayo zegreenhouse ekugqibeleni ziye zaba ngumphunga nawaphi na amanzi, athi ke athatyathelwa esithubeni ngumoya welanga .    Ngaphakathi, iVenus kucingelwa ukuba iqulathe undoqo ,&amp;nbsp;ingubo, kwaye&amp;nbsp;uqweqwe, oluya mva lukhupha ubushushu bangaphakathi ngentaba-mlilo esebenzayo, bubumba umphezulu ngokuphinda kuvele umphezulu omkhulu endaweni yepleyiti tectonics . IVenus yenye yeeplanethi ezimbini ezikwiSolar System ezingenazo iinyanga . 

IVenus inomjikelezo oye wacotha kwaye wajikela kwicala le-orbital direction ( retrograde ) ngemisinga enamandla kunye nokutsalwa kweatmosfera yayo. Oku kujikeleza kuvelisa, kunye nexesha leentsuku ezingama-224.7 zomhlaba kuthatha iVenus ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze iLanga (unyaka welanga waseVenusian), ubude belanga lelanga laseVenusian leentsuku ezili-117 zomhlaba, olona lude kwiSolar System, olukhokelela kwiVenusian. unyaka ungaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbini zeVenusian ubude. Iindlela zeVenus kunye noMhlaba zezona zikufutshane phakathi kwazo naziphi na iiplanethi zeSolar System, zisondela enye kwenye ngexesha le-synodic le-1.6 leminyaka. Ngelixa oku kubavumela ukuba basondele omnye komnye kwindawo engaphantsi kunezinye iiplanethi zeSolar System, iMercury ihlala ngokomndilili kufutshane nabo kunye nayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi, njengoko iMercury yeyona planethi isembindini kwaye idlula rhoqo.  Oko kuthethiweyo, iVenus kunye noMhlaba phakathi kwazo unowona mahluko usezantsi kumandla womxhuzulane kunayo nayiphi na enye iperi yeplanethi yeSolar System.

Ngo-1961, iVenus yaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kwinqwelomoya yokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi kwimbali yoluntu, ilandelwa zizinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi njengokufika kokuqala okuthambileyo kwenye iplanethi ngo-1970. Ezi probe zenze kwacaca ukuba iziphumo ezigqithisileyo ze-greenhouse zidale iimeko ezicinezelayo, ingqiqo eye yazisa ngokubalulekileyo uqikelelo malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dorminey 2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dorminey|first=Bruce|date=2018-12-31|title=Galaxy May Be Littered With Dead Aliens Blindsided By Natural Climate Change|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2018/12/31/galaxy-may-be-littered-with-dead-aliens-blindsided-by-natural-climate-change/|accessdate=2023-04-21|website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuye kwamisa uninzi lwengqwalasela kwiithiyori kunye nentsomi eyayisaziwa ngelo xesha malunga neVenus ngokuba yindawo ekunokuhlalwa kuyo okanye ehlala abantu. Iinqwelomoya eziya eVenus zicetyisiwe nangona kunjalo, nokuba zibhabhe ngeVenus, zincedise amandla omxhuzulane ukuze zifike kuMars ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo, okanye zingene kwi-atmosfera yaseVenus kwaye zihlale phezulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezineemeko ezithelekiseka ngakumbi kumphezulu woMhlaba, ngaphandle kokwakheka kwe-atmospheric, kunayo nayiphi na indawo. ngenye indlela kwiSolar System.

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40346</id>
      <parentid>40341</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:36:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="4822" sha1="c3sjnq78bp74dtfr2ujpkm8j4zz83f3" xml:space="preserve">[[File:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608 (cropped).jpg|thumb]]
'''IVenus''' (uphawu: [[file:venus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♀]]) yiplanethi yesibini ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]]. Yiplanethi enamatye eneatmosfera exineneyo kuzo zonke imizimba yamatye kwiSolar System, kwaye iyona kuphela enobunzima kunye nobukhulu obusondele kummelwane wayo ojikelezayo uMhlaba . Ukujikeleza ngaphantsi (ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba), kubonakala kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba esihlala sikufutshane neLanga, njengokuba &quot;yinkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;yinkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot;. Ngelixa oku kukwayinyaniso kwiMercury, iVenus ibonakala ngokugqame ngakumbi, kuba iyeyesithathu into eqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba emva kweNyanga neLanga,   ibonakala iqaqambile kunayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi yakudala efana neenkwenkwezi okanye nayiphi na into ezinzileyo . inkwenkwezi . Ngodumo olunjalo esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, iVenus ngokwembali ibiyinto eqhelekileyo nebalulekileyo ebantwini, kuzo zombini iinkcubeko zabo kunye nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi.

IVenus inomazibuthe obuthathaka kunye nomoya oshinyeneyo wekharbhon dayoksayidi, nto leyo edala, kunye nelifu eligqumayo le-sulfuric acid, ifuthe eligqithisileyo legreenhouse . Oku kubangela umphezulu wobushushu obuphakathi kwe {{Convert|737|K|C F}} kunye noxinzelelo olutyumzayo lwamaxesha angama-92 oMhlaba kwinqanaba lolwandle, ukuguqula umoya ube lulwelo olugqithisileyo, ngelixa ukwindawo yokuphakama kwamafu engama {{Convert|50|km|mi}} . ngaphezulu komphezulu, uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nemitha yemitha ziyafana kakhulu kumphezulu woMhlaba. Iimeko ezinokuthi zilungele ubomi kwiVenus zichongiwe kumaleko ayo amafu, kunye nophando lwakutsha nje lufumene ubungqina, kodwa obungaqinisekanga, ubungqina bobomi kwiplanethi. IVenus isenokuba yayinamanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi kwasekuqaleni kwembali yayo, enokwenzeka ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenze iilwandlekazi, kodwa iziphumo ezibalekayo zegreenhouse ekugqibeleni ziye zaba ngumphunga nawaphi na amanzi, athi ke athatyathelwa esithubeni ngumoya welanga .    Ngaphakathi, iVenus kucingelwa ukuba iqulathe undoqo ,&amp;nbsp;ingubo, kwaye&amp;nbsp;uqweqwe, oluya mva lukhupha ubushushu bangaphakathi ngentaba-mlilo esebenzayo, bubumba umphezulu ngokuphinda kuvele umphezulu omkhulu endaweni yepleyiti tectonics . IVenus yenye yeeplanethi ezimbini ezikwiSolar System ezingenazo iinyanga . 

IVenus inomjikelezo oye wacotha kwaye wajikela kwicala le-orbital direction ( retrograde ) ngemisinga enamandla kunye nokutsalwa kweatmosfera yayo. Oku kujikeleza kuvelisa, kunye nexesha leentsuku ezingama-224.7 zomhlaba kuthatha iVenus ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze iLanga (unyaka welanga waseVenusian), ubude belanga lelanga laseVenusian leentsuku ezili-117 zomhlaba, olona lude kwiSolar System, olukhokelela kwiVenusian. unyaka ungaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbini zeVenusian ubude. Iindlela zeVenus kunye noMhlaba zezona zikufutshane phakathi kwazo naziphi na iiplanethi zeSolar System, zisondela enye kwenye ngexesha le-synodic le-1.6 leminyaka. Ngelixa oku kubavumela ukuba basondele omnye komnye kwindawo engaphantsi kunezinye iiplanethi zeSolar System, iMercury ihlala ngokomndilili kufutshane nabo kunye nayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi, njengoko iMercury yeyona planethi isembindini kwaye idlula rhoqo.  Oko kuthethiweyo, iVenus kunye noMhlaba phakathi kwazo unowona mahluko usezantsi kumandla womxhuzulane kunayo nayiphi na enye iperi yeplanethi yeSolar System.

Ngo-1961, iVenus yaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kwinqwelomoya yokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi kwimbali yoluntu, ilandelwa zizinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi njengokufika kokuqala okuthambileyo kwenye iplanethi ngo-1970. Ezi probe zenze kwacaca ukuba iziphumo ezigqithisileyo ze-greenhouse zidale iimeko ezicinezelayo, ingqiqo eye yazisa ngokubalulekileyo uqikelelo malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dorminey 2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dorminey|first=Bruce|date=2018-12-31|title=Galaxy May Be Littered With Dead Aliens Blindsided By Natural Climate Change|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2018/12/31/galaxy-may-be-littered-with-dead-aliens-blindsided-by-natural-climate-change/|accessdate=2023-04-21|website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuye kwamisa uninzi lwengqwalasela kwiithiyori kunye nentsomi eyayisaziwa ngelo xesha malunga neVenus ngokuba yindawo ekunokuhlalwa kuyo okanye ehlala abantu. Iinqwelomoya eziya eVenus zicetyisiwe nangona kunjalo, nokuba zibhabhe ngeVenus, zincedise amandla omxhuzulane ukuze zifike kuMars ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo, okanye zingene kwi-atmosfera yaseVenus kwaye zihlale phezulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezineemeko ezithelekiseka ngakumbi kumphezulu woMhlaba, ngaphandle kokwakheka kwe-atmospheric, kunayo nayiphi na indawo. ngenye indlela kwiSolar System.

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40391</id>
      <parentid>40346</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:13:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IVenus]] to [[I-Venus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="4822" sha1="c3sjnq78bp74dtfr2ujpkm8j4zz83f3" xml:space="preserve">[[File:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608 (cropped).jpg|thumb]]
'''IVenus''' (uphawu: [[file:venus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♀]]) yiplanethi yesibini ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]]. Yiplanethi enamatye eneatmosfera exineneyo kuzo zonke imizimba yamatye kwiSolar System, kwaye iyona kuphela enobunzima kunye nobukhulu obusondele kummelwane wayo ojikelezayo uMhlaba . Ukujikeleza ngaphantsi (ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba), kubonakala kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba esihlala sikufutshane neLanga, njengokuba &quot;yinkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;yinkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot;. Ngelixa oku kukwayinyaniso kwiMercury, iVenus ibonakala ngokugqame ngakumbi, kuba iyeyesithathu into eqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba emva kweNyanga neLanga,   ibonakala iqaqambile kunayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi yakudala efana neenkwenkwezi okanye nayiphi na into ezinzileyo . inkwenkwezi . Ngodumo olunjalo esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, iVenus ngokwembali ibiyinto eqhelekileyo nebalulekileyo ebantwini, kuzo zombini iinkcubeko zabo kunye nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi.

IVenus inomazibuthe obuthathaka kunye nomoya oshinyeneyo wekharbhon dayoksayidi, nto leyo edala, kunye nelifu eligqumayo le-sulfuric acid, ifuthe eligqithisileyo legreenhouse . Oku kubangela umphezulu wobushushu obuphakathi kwe {{Convert|737|K|C F}} kunye noxinzelelo olutyumzayo lwamaxesha angama-92 oMhlaba kwinqanaba lolwandle, ukuguqula umoya ube lulwelo olugqithisileyo, ngelixa ukwindawo yokuphakama kwamafu engama {{Convert|50|km|mi}} . ngaphezulu komphezulu, uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nemitha yemitha ziyafana kakhulu kumphezulu woMhlaba. Iimeko ezinokuthi zilungele ubomi kwiVenus zichongiwe kumaleko ayo amafu, kunye nophando lwakutsha nje lufumene ubungqina, kodwa obungaqinisekanga, ubungqina bobomi kwiplanethi. IVenus isenokuba yayinamanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi kwasekuqaleni kwembali yayo, enokwenzeka ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenze iilwandlekazi, kodwa iziphumo ezibalekayo zegreenhouse ekugqibeleni ziye zaba ngumphunga nawaphi na amanzi, athi ke athatyathelwa esithubeni ngumoya welanga .    Ngaphakathi, iVenus kucingelwa ukuba iqulathe undoqo ,&amp;nbsp;ingubo, kwaye&amp;nbsp;uqweqwe, oluya mva lukhupha ubushushu bangaphakathi ngentaba-mlilo esebenzayo, bubumba umphezulu ngokuphinda kuvele umphezulu omkhulu endaweni yepleyiti tectonics . IVenus yenye yeeplanethi ezimbini ezikwiSolar System ezingenazo iinyanga . 

IVenus inomjikelezo oye wacotha kwaye wajikela kwicala le-orbital direction ( retrograde ) ngemisinga enamandla kunye nokutsalwa kweatmosfera yayo. Oku kujikeleza kuvelisa, kunye nexesha leentsuku ezingama-224.7 zomhlaba kuthatha iVenus ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze iLanga (unyaka welanga waseVenusian), ubude belanga lelanga laseVenusian leentsuku ezili-117 zomhlaba, olona lude kwiSolar System, olukhokelela kwiVenusian. unyaka ungaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbini zeVenusian ubude. Iindlela zeVenus kunye noMhlaba zezona zikufutshane phakathi kwazo naziphi na iiplanethi zeSolar System, zisondela enye kwenye ngexesha le-synodic le-1.6 leminyaka. Ngelixa oku kubavumela ukuba basondele omnye komnye kwindawo engaphantsi kunezinye iiplanethi zeSolar System, iMercury ihlala ngokomndilili kufutshane nabo kunye nayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi, njengoko iMercury yeyona planethi isembindini kwaye idlula rhoqo.  Oko kuthethiweyo, iVenus kunye noMhlaba phakathi kwazo unowona mahluko usezantsi kumandla womxhuzulane kunayo nayiphi na enye iperi yeplanethi yeSolar System.

Ngo-1961, iVenus yaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kwinqwelomoya yokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi kwimbali yoluntu, ilandelwa zizinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi njengokufika kokuqala okuthambileyo kwenye iplanethi ngo-1970. Ezi probe zenze kwacaca ukuba iziphumo ezigqithisileyo ze-greenhouse zidale iimeko ezicinezelayo, ingqiqo eye yazisa ngokubalulekileyo uqikelelo malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dorminey 2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dorminey|first=Bruce|date=2018-12-31|title=Galaxy May Be Littered With Dead Aliens Blindsided By Natural Climate Change|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2018/12/31/galaxy-may-be-littered-with-dead-aliens-blindsided-by-natural-climate-change/|accessdate=2023-04-21|website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuye kwamisa uninzi lwengqwalasela kwiithiyori kunye nentsomi eyayisaziwa ngelo xesha malunga neVenus ngokuba yindawo ekunokuhlalwa kuyo okanye ehlala abantu. Iinqwelomoya eziya eVenus zicetyisiwe nangona kunjalo, nokuba zibhabhe ngeVenus, zincedise amandla omxhuzulane ukuze zifike kuMars ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo, okanye zingene kwi-atmosfera yaseVenus kwaye zihlale phezulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezineemeko ezithelekiseka ngakumbi kumphezulu woMhlaba, ngaphandle kokwakheka kwe-atmospheric, kunayo nayiphi na indawo. ngenye indlela kwiSolar System.

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40401</id>
      <parentid>40391</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:17:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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'''I-Venus''' (uphawu: [[file:venus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♀]]) yiplanethi yesibini ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]]. Yiplanethi enamatye eneatmosfera exineneyo kuzo zonke imizimba yamatye kwiSolar System, kwaye iyona kuphela enobunzima kunye nobukhulu obusondele kummelwane wayo ojikelezayo uMhlaba . Ukujikeleza ngaphantsi (ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba), kubonakala kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba esihlala sikufutshane neLanga, njengokuba &quot;yinkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;yinkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot;. Ngelixa oku kukwayinyaniso kwiMercury, iVenus ibonakala ngokugqame ngakumbi, kuba iyeyesithathu into eqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba emva kweNyanga neLanga,   ibonakala iqaqambile kunayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi yakudala efana neenkwenkwezi okanye nayiphi na into ezinzileyo . inkwenkwezi . Ngodumo olunjalo esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, iVenus ngokwembali ibiyinto eqhelekileyo nebalulekileyo ebantwini, kuzo zombini iinkcubeko zabo kunye nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi.

IVenus inomazibuthe obuthathaka kunye nomoya oshinyeneyo wekharbhon dayoksayidi, nto leyo edala, kunye nelifu eligqumayo le-sulfuric acid, ifuthe eligqithisileyo legreenhouse . Oku kubangela umphezulu wobushushu obuphakathi kwe {{Convert|737|K|C F}} kunye noxinzelelo olutyumzayo lwamaxesha angama-92 oMhlaba kwinqanaba lolwandle, ukuguqula umoya ube lulwelo olugqithisileyo, ngelixa ukwindawo yokuphakama kwamafu engama {{Convert|50|km|mi}} . ngaphezulu komphezulu, uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nemitha yemitha ziyafana kakhulu kumphezulu woMhlaba. Iimeko ezinokuthi zilungele ubomi kwiVenus zichongiwe kumaleko ayo amafu, kunye nophando lwakutsha nje lufumene ubungqina, kodwa obungaqinisekanga, ubungqina bobomi kwiplanethi. IVenus isenokuba yayinamanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi kwasekuqaleni kwembali yayo, enokwenzeka ngokwaneleyo ukuba yenze iilwandlekazi, kodwa iziphumo ezibalekayo zegreenhouse ekugqibeleni ziye zaba ngumphunga nawaphi na amanzi, athi ke athatyathelwa esithubeni ngumoya welanga .    Ngaphakathi, iVenus kucingelwa ukuba iqulathe undoqo ,&amp;nbsp;ingubo, kwaye&amp;nbsp;uqweqwe, oluya mva lukhupha ubushushu bangaphakathi ngentaba-mlilo esebenzayo, bubumba umphezulu ngokuphinda kuvele umphezulu omkhulu endaweni yepleyiti tectonics . IVenus yenye yeeplanethi ezimbini ezikwiSolar System ezingenazo iinyanga . 

IVenus inomjikelezo oye wacotha kwaye wajikela kwicala le-orbital direction ( retrograde ) ngemisinga enamandla kunye nokutsalwa kweatmosfera yayo. Oku kujikeleza kuvelisa, kunye nexesha leentsuku ezingama-224.7 zomhlaba kuthatha iVenus ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze iLanga (unyaka welanga waseVenusian), ubude belanga lelanga laseVenusian leentsuku ezili-117 zomhlaba, olona lude kwiSolar System, olukhokelela kwiVenusian. unyaka ungaphantsi kweentsuku ezimbini zeVenusian ubude. Iindlela zeVenus kunye noMhlaba zezona zikufutshane phakathi kwazo naziphi na iiplanethi zeSolar System, zisondela enye kwenye ngexesha le-synodic le-1.6 leminyaka. Ngelixa oku kubavumela ukuba basondele omnye komnye kwindawo engaphantsi kunezinye iiplanethi zeSolar System, iMercury ihlala ngokomndilili kufutshane nabo kunye nayo nayiphi na enye iplanethi, njengoko iMercury yeyona planethi isembindini kwaye idlula rhoqo.  Oko kuthethiweyo, iVenus kunye noMhlaba phakathi kwazo unowona mahluko usezantsi kumandla womxhuzulane kunayo nayiphi na enye iperi yeplanethi yeSolar System.

Ngo-1961, iVenus yaba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo kwinqwelomoya yokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi kwimbali yoluntu, ilandelwa zizinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zokuqala phakathi kweeplanethi njengokufika kokuqala okuthambileyo kwenye iplanethi ngo-1970. Ezi probe zenze kwacaca ukuba iziphumo ezigqithisileyo ze-greenhouse zidale iimeko ezicinezelayo, ingqiqo eye yazisa ngokubalulekileyo uqikelelo malunga nokufudumala kwehlabathi .  &lt;ref name=&quot;Dorminey 2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Dorminey|first=Bruce|date=2018-12-31|title=Galaxy May Be Littered With Dead Aliens Blindsided By Natural Climate Change|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2018/12/31/galaxy-may-be-littered-with-dead-aliens-blindsided-by-natural-climate-change/|accessdate=2023-04-21|website=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oku kufunyanisiweyo kuye kwamisa uninzi lwengqwalasela kwiithiyori kunye nentsomi eyayisaziwa ngelo xesha malunga neVenus ngokuba yindawo ekunokuhlalwa kuyo okanye ehlala abantu. Iinqwelomoya eziya eVenus zicetyisiwe nangona kunjalo, nokuba zibhabhe ngeVenus, zincedise amandla omxhuzulane ukuze zifike kuMars ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo, okanye zingene kwi-atmosfera yaseVenus kwaye zihlale phezulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezineemeko ezithelekiseka ngakumbi kumphezulu woMhlaba, ngaphandle kokwakheka kwe-atmospheric, kunayo nayiphi na indawo. ngenye indlela kwiSolar System.

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>I-Mercury (iplanethi)</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:33:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
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'''I-Mercury''' yiplanethi yokuqala evela [[UKat|kwiLanga]] kunye neplanethi encinci kwi- Solar System. Yiplanethi esemhlabeni enemingxuma enkulu ngenxa yesijikelezi-langa esingenamsebenzi wejoloji kunye nomoya onzima kakhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi- exosphere ). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona planethi incinci kwiSolar System enobubanzi obuyi-, i-38% yoMhlaba, iMercury ixinene ngokwaneleyo ukuba inomxhuzulane olingana nomphezulu weMars.

Ngokweethiyori zangoku, iMercury inokuba noqweqwe oluqinileyo lwe-silicate kunye nengubo yokwaleka engaphezulu kombindi oqinileyo wangaphandle, umaleko onzulu wolwelo, kunye nombindi oqinileyo wangaphakathi. Ekubeni iphantse ingabinawo umoya wokugcina ubushushu, iMercury inamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu atshintsha ngokugqithisileyo emini, ukusuka kwi {{Convert|100|K}} . ebusuku ukuya kuma- {{Convert|700|K|C F}} ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga kwingingqi ye-ikhweyitha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Prockter|first=Louise|url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/content/techdigest/pdf/V26-N02/26-02-Prockter.pdf|title=Ice in the Solar System|date=2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest|volume=26|access-date=July 27, 2009|issue=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwi-Mercury's poles nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi amakhulu omkhenkce amanzi angazange abekwe lilanga elithe ngqo, anobunzima obuqikelelwayo obumalunga ne-0.025–0.25% yomkhenkce weAntarctic. &lt;ref name=&quot;Zahnle1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rawlins|first=Katherine|last2=Moses|first2=Julianne I.|last3=Zahnle|first3=Kevin J.|author-link3=Kevin J. Zahnle|year=1995|title=Exogenic Sources of Water for Mercury's Polar Ice|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|volume=27|page=1117|bibcode=1995DPS....27.2112R}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zininzi iingqikelelo ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lweMercury, ezinye zazo ezibandakanya ukungqubana neplanetesimal kunye nomphunga wamatye. 

Ngenxa yokuba iMercury isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwelanga kumphezulu wayo buphakathi kwe-4.59 kunye ne-10.61 amaxesha elanga lelanga (isixa samandla eLanga afunyenwe kwiyunithi ye-astronomical 1, ephantse ibe ngumgama phakathi koMhlaba neLanga). I-Mercury ijikeleza iLanga ngo-3:2 spin–orbit resonance, okuthetha ukuba xa ithelekiswa neenkwenkwezi ezingasemva, ijikeleza kwi-axis yayo kanye kathathu kwimijikelo emibini nganye eyenzayo ukujikeleza iLanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Elkins-Tanton|first=Linda T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJoYlBWbCAYC&amp;pg=PA51|title=Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System|date=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0729-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokujikeleza okucothayo kweMercury, umntu obukeleyo kwiplanethi wayeya kubona usuku olunye lwe-Mercurian solar (iintsuku ezili-176 zomhlaba) rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini yelanga yeMercurian (iintsuku ezingama-88 zomhlaba nganye).  I-Mercury's axis ineyona ndawo incinci yokuthambeka kuyo nayiphi na iplanethi yeSolar System (malunga  yesidanga), kunye ne -orbital eccentricity yayo yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezaziwayo kwiSolar System. 

[[IVenus|NjengoVenus]], iMercury ijikeleza iLanga ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba, yenza ukuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba kuphela &quot;njengenkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;inkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot; esondele kakhulu kwiLanga. NgesiNgesi, ithiywe ngothixo waseRoma {{Lang|la|Mercurius}} ( Mercury ), uthixo wezorhwebo, unxibelelwano kunye nomthunywa woothixo. IMercury yeyona planethi inzima ukufikelela eMhlabeni kuba ifuna olona tshintsho lukhulu kwisantya sesiphekepheke . Zimbini kuphela iziphekepheke eziye zandwendwela iMercury ukusukela ngo-2023: yabhabha ngo-1974 nango-1975, kwaye ''uMESSENGER'' yasungulwa ngo-2004 yaza yajikeleza iMercury izihlandlo ezingama-4,000 kwiminyaka emine. Isiphekepheke ''se-BepiColombo'' sicwangciselwe ukuba sifike okokugqibela e-Mercury ngo-2025, kwaye emva koko siya kufaka ii-orbiters ezimbini.
== Imithombo ==
{{Reflist}}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>pk8oox10bu1lbzlng4w7s2orwpxsrqq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40340</id>
      <parentid>40339</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:34:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40340</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4045" sha1="l9bj6fdyhyauxu76xp2ekpd6p7gm04t" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Mercury in true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IMercury''' (uphawu: [[file:mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☿]]) yiplanethi yokuqala evela [[UKat|kwiLanga]] kunye neplanethi encinci kwi- Solar System. Yiplanethi esemhlabeni enemingxuma enkulu ngenxa yesijikelezi-langa esingenamsebenzi wejoloji kunye nomoya onzima kakhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi- exosphere ). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona planethi incinci kwiSolar System enobubanzi obuyi-, i-38% yoMhlaba, iMercury ixinene ngokwaneleyo ukuba inomxhuzulane olingana nomphezulu weMars.

Ngokweethiyori zangoku, iMercury inokuba noqweqwe oluqinileyo lwe-silicate kunye nengubo yokwaleka engaphezulu kombindi oqinileyo wangaphandle, umaleko onzulu wolwelo, kunye nombindi oqinileyo wangaphakathi. Ekubeni iphantse ingabinawo umoya wokugcina ubushushu, iMercury inamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu atshintsha ngokugqithisileyo emini, ukusuka kwi {{Convert|100|K}} . ebusuku ukuya kuma- {{Convert|700|K|C F}} ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga kwingingqi ye-ikhweyitha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Prockter|first=Louise|url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/content/techdigest/pdf/V26-N02/26-02-Prockter.pdf|title=Ice in the Solar System|date=2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest|volume=26|access-date=July 27, 2009|issue=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwi-Mercury's poles nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi amakhulu omkhenkce amanzi angazange abekwe lilanga elithe ngqo, anobunzima obuqikelelwayo obumalunga ne-0.025–0.25% yomkhenkce weAntarctic. &lt;ref name=&quot;Zahnle1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rawlins|first=Katherine|last2=Moses|first2=Julianne I.|last3=Zahnle|first3=Kevin J.|author-link3=Kevin J. Zahnle|year=1995|title=Exogenic Sources of Water for Mercury's Polar Ice|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|volume=27|page=1117|bibcode=1995DPS....27.2112R}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zininzi iingqikelelo ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lweMercury, ezinye zazo ezibandakanya ukungqubana neplanetesimal kunye nomphunga wamatye. 

Ngenxa yokuba iMercury isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwelanga kumphezulu wayo buphakathi kwe-4.59 kunye ne-10.61 amaxesha elanga lelanga (isixa samandla eLanga afunyenwe kwiyunithi ye-astronomical 1, ephantse ibe ngumgama phakathi koMhlaba neLanga). I-Mercury ijikeleza iLanga ngo-3:2 spin–orbit resonance, okuthetha ukuba xa ithelekiswa neenkwenkwezi ezingasemva, ijikeleza kwi-axis yayo kanye kathathu kwimijikelo emibini nganye eyenzayo ukujikeleza iLanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Elkins-Tanton|first=Linda T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJoYlBWbCAYC&amp;pg=PA51|title=Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System|date=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0729-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokujikeleza okucothayo kweMercury, umntu obukeleyo kwiplanethi wayeya kubona usuku olunye lwe-Mercurian solar (iintsuku ezili-176 zomhlaba) rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini yelanga yeMercurian (iintsuku ezingama-88 zomhlaba nganye).  I-Mercury's axis ineyona ndawo incinci yokuthambeka kuyo nayiphi na iplanethi yeSolar System (malunga  yesidanga), kunye ne -orbital eccentricity yayo yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezaziwayo kwiSolar System. 

[[IVenus|NjengoVenus]], iMercury ijikeleza iLanga ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba, yenza ukuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba kuphela &quot;njengenkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;inkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot; esondele kakhulu kwiLanga. NgesiNgesi, ithiywe ngothixo waseRoma {{Lang|la|Mercurius}} ( Mercury ), uthixo wezorhwebo, unxibelelwano kunye nomthunywa woothixo. IMercury yeyona planethi inzima ukufikelela eMhlabeni kuba ifuna olona tshintsho lukhulu kwisantya sesiphekepheke . Zimbini kuphela iziphekepheke eziye zandwendwela iMercury ukusukela ngo-2023: yabhabha ngo-1974 nango-1975, kwaye ''uMESSENGER'' yasungulwa ngo-2004 yaza yajikeleza iMercury izihlandlo ezingama-4,000 kwiminyaka emine. Isiphekepheke ''se-BepiColombo'' sicwangciselwe ukuba sifike okokugqibela e-Mercury ngo-2025, kwaye emva koko siya kufaka ii-orbiters ezimbini.
== Imithombo ==
{{Reflist}}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40379</id>
      <parentid>40340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:10:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMercury (iplanethi)]] to [[I-Mercury (iplanethi)]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="4045" sha1="l9bj6fdyhyauxu76xp2ekpd6p7gm04t" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Mercury in true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IMercury''' (uphawu: [[file:mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☿]]) yiplanethi yokuqala evela [[UKat|kwiLanga]] kunye neplanethi encinci kwi- Solar System. Yiplanethi esemhlabeni enemingxuma enkulu ngenxa yesijikelezi-langa esingenamsebenzi wejoloji kunye nomoya onzima kakhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi- exosphere ). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona planethi incinci kwiSolar System enobubanzi obuyi-, i-38% yoMhlaba, iMercury ixinene ngokwaneleyo ukuba inomxhuzulane olingana nomphezulu weMars.

Ngokweethiyori zangoku, iMercury inokuba noqweqwe oluqinileyo lwe-silicate kunye nengubo yokwaleka engaphezulu kombindi oqinileyo wangaphandle, umaleko onzulu wolwelo, kunye nombindi oqinileyo wangaphakathi. Ekubeni iphantse ingabinawo umoya wokugcina ubushushu, iMercury inamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu atshintsha ngokugqithisileyo emini, ukusuka kwi {{Convert|100|K}} . ebusuku ukuya kuma- {{Convert|700|K|C F}} ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga kwingingqi ye-ikhweyitha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Prockter|first=Louise|url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/content/techdigest/pdf/V26-N02/26-02-Prockter.pdf|title=Ice in the Solar System|date=2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest|volume=26|access-date=July 27, 2009|issue=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwi-Mercury's poles nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi amakhulu omkhenkce amanzi angazange abekwe lilanga elithe ngqo, anobunzima obuqikelelwayo obumalunga ne-0.025–0.25% yomkhenkce weAntarctic. &lt;ref name=&quot;Zahnle1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rawlins|first=Katherine|last2=Moses|first2=Julianne I.|last3=Zahnle|first3=Kevin J.|author-link3=Kevin J. Zahnle|year=1995|title=Exogenic Sources of Water for Mercury's Polar Ice|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|volume=27|page=1117|bibcode=1995DPS....27.2112R}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zininzi iingqikelelo ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lweMercury, ezinye zazo ezibandakanya ukungqubana neplanetesimal kunye nomphunga wamatye. 

Ngenxa yokuba iMercury isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwelanga kumphezulu wayo buphakathi kwe-4.59 kunye ne-10.61 amaxesha elanga lelanga (isixa samandla eLanga afunyenwe kwiyunithi ye-astronomical 1, ephantse ibe ngumgama phakathi koMhlaba neLanga). I-Mercury ijikeleza iLanga ngo-3:2 spin–orbit resonance, okuthetha ukuba xa ithelekiswa neenkwenkwezi ezingasemva, ijikeleza kwi-axis yayo kanye kathathu kwimijikelo emibini nganye eyenzayo ukujikeleza iLanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Elkins-Tanton|first=Linda T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJoYlBWbCAYC&amp;pg=PA51|title=Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System|date=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0729-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokujikeleza okucothayo kweMercury, umntu obukeleyo kwiplanethi wayeya kubona usuku olunye lwe-Mercurian solar (iintsuku ezili-176 zomhlaba) rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini yelanga yeMercurian (iintsuku ezingama-88 zomhlaba nganye).  I-Mercury's axis ineyona ndawo incinci yokuthambeka kuyo nayiphi na iplanethi yeSolar System (malunga  yesidanga), kunye ne -orbital eccentricity yayo yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezaziwayo kwiSolar System. 

[[IVenus|NjengoVenus]], iMercury ijikeleza iLanga ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba, yenza ukuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba kuphela &quot;njengenkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;inkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot; esondele kakhulu kwiLanga. NgesiNgesi, ithiywe ngothixo waseRoma {{Lang|la|Mercurius}} ( Mercury ), uthixo wezorhwebo, unxibelelwano kunye nomthunywa woothixo. IMercury yeyona planethi inzima ukufikelela eMhlabeni kuba ifuna olona tshintsho lukhulu kwisantya sesiphekepheke . Zimbini kuphela iziphekepheke eziye zandwendwela iMercury ukusukela ngo-2023: yabhabha ngo-1974 nango-1975, kwaye ''uMESSENGER'' yasungulwa ngo-2004 yaza yajikeleza iMercury izihlandlo ezingama-4,000 kwiminyaka emine. Isiphekepheke ''se-BepiColombo'' sicwangciselwe ukuba sifike okokugqibela e-Mercury ngo-2025, kwaye emva koko siya kufaka ii-orbiters ezimbini.
== Imithombo ==
{{Reflist}}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>l9bj6fdyhyauxu76xp2ekpd6p7gm04t</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40381</id>
      <parentid>40379</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:11:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40381</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4068" sha1="phn99p2v4xgstah5d6npuxmz997cui1" xml:space="preserve">{{see also|I-Mercury}}
[[File:Mercury in true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IMercury''' (uphawu: [[file:mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☿]]) yiplanethi yokuqala evela [[UKat|kwiLanga]] kunye neplanethi encinci kwi- Solar System. Yiplanethi esemhlabeni enemingxuma enkulu ngenxa yesijikelezi-langa esingenamsebenzi wejoloji kunye nomoya onzima kakhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi- exosphere ). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona planethi incinci kwiSolar System enobubanzi obuyi-, i-38% yoMhlaba, iMercury ixinene ngokwaneleyo ukuba inomxhuzulane olingana nomphezulu weMars.

Ngokweethiyori zangoku, iMercury inokuba noqweqwe oluqinileyo lwe-silicate kunye nengubo yokwaleka engaphezulu kombindi oqinileyo wangaphandle, umaleko onzulu wolwelo, kunye nombindi oqinileyo wangaphakathi. Ekubeni iphantse ingabinawo umoya wokugcina ubushushu, iMercury inamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu atshintsha ngokugqithisileyo emini, ukusuka kwi {{Convert|100|K}} . ebusuku ukuya kuma- {{Convert|700|K|C F}} ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga kwingingqi ye-ikhweyitha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Prockter|first=Louise|url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/content/techdigest/pdf/V26-N02/26-02-Prockter.pdf|title=Ice in the Solar System|date=2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest|volume=26|access-date=July 27, 2009|issue=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwi-Mercury's poles nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi amakhulu omkhenkce amanzi angazange abekwe lilanga elithe ngqo, anobunzima obuqikelelwayo obumalunga ne-0.025–0.25% yomkhenkce weAntarctic. &lt;ref name=&quot;Zahnle1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rawlins|first=Katherine|last2=Moses|first2=Julianne I.|last3=Zahnle|first3=Kevin J.|author-link3=Kevin J. Zahnle|year=1995|title=Exogenic Sources of Water for Mercury's Polar Ice|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|volume=27|page=1117|bibcode=1995DPS....27.2112R}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zininzi iingqikelelo ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lweMercury, ezinye zazo ezibandakanya ukungqubana neplanetesimal kunye nomphunga wamatye. 

Ngenxa yokuba iMercury isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwelanga kumphezulu wayo buphakathi kwe-4.59 kunye ne-10.61 amaxesha elanga lelanga (isixa samandla eLanga afunyenwe kwiyunithi ye-astronomical 1, ephantse ibe ngumgama phakathi koMhlaba neLanga). I-Mercury ijikeleza iLanga ngo-3:2 spin–orbit resonance, okuthetha ukuba xa ithelekiswa neenkwenkwezi ezingasemva, ijikeleza kwi-axis yayo kanye kathathu kwimijikelo emibini nganye eyenzayo ukujikeleza iLanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Elkins-Tanton|first=Linda T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJoYlBWbCAYC&amp;pg=PA51|title=Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System|date=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0729-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokujikeleza okucothayo kweMercury, umntu obukeleyo kwiplanethi wayeya kubona usuku olunye lwe-Mercurian solar (iintsuku ezili-176 zomhlaba) rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini yelanga yeMercurian (iintsuku ezingama-88 zomhlaba nganye).  I-Mercury's axis ineyona ndawo incinci yokuthambeka kuyo nayiphi na iplanethi yeSolar System (malunga  yesidanga), kunye ne -orbital eccentricity yayo yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezaziwayo kwiSolar System. 

[[IVenus|NjengoVenus]], iMercury ijikeleza iLanga ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba, yenza ukuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba kuphela &quot;njengenkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;inkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot; esondele kakhulu kwiLanga. NgesiNgesi, ithiywe ngothixo waseRoma {{Lang|la|Mercurius}} ( Mercury ), uthixo wezorhwebo, unxibelelwano kunye nomthunywa woothixo. IMercury yeyona planethi inzima ukufikelela eMhlabeni kuba ifuna olona tshintsho lukhulu kwisantya sesiphekepheke . Zimbini kuphela iziphekepheke eziye zandwendwela iMercury ukusukela ngo-2023: yabhabha ngo-1974 nango-1975, kwaye ''uMESSENGER'' yasungulwa ngo-2004 yaza yajikeleza iMercury izihlandlo ezingama-4,000 kwiminyaka emine. Isiphekepheke ''se-BepiColombo'' sicwangciselwe ukuba sifike okokugqibela e-Mercury ngo-2025, kwaye emva koko siya kufaka ii-orbiters ezimbini.
== Imithombo ==
{{Reflist}}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>phn99p2v4xgstah5d6npuxmz997cui1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40395</id>
      <parentid>40381</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:15:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40395</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4070" sha1="s11mqx93i7jaojjyp3cn4nfxcqyle7q" xml:space="preserve">{{see also|I-Mercury}}
[[File:Mercury in true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Mercury''' (uphawu: [[file:mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☿]]) yiplanethi yokuqala evela [[UKat|kwiLanga]] kunye neplanethi encinci kwi- Solar System. Yiplanethi esemhlabeni enemingxuma enkulu ngenxa yesijikelezi-langa esingenamsebenzi wejoloji kunye nomoya onzima kakhulu (obizwa ngokuba yi- exosphere ). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona planethi incinci kwiSolar System enobubanzi obuyi-, i-38% yoMhlaba, i-Mercury ixinene ngokwaneleyo ukuba inomxhuzulane olingana nomphezulu weMars.

Ngokweethiyori zangoku, iMercury inokuba noqweqwe oluqinileyo lwe-silicate kunye nengubo yokwaleka engaphezulu kombindi oqinileyo wangaphandle, umaleko onzulu wolwelo, kunye nombindi oqinileyo wangaphakathi. Ekubeni iphantse ingabinawo umoya wokugcina ubushushu, iMercury inamaqondo obushushu angaphezulu atshintsha ngokugqithisileyo emini, ukusuka kwi {{Convert|100|K}} . ebusuku ukuya kuma- {{Convert|700|K|C F}} ngexesha lokukhanya kwelanga kwingingqi ye-ikhweyitha . &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Prockter|first=Louise|url=https://www.jhuapl.edu/content/techdigest/pdf/V26-N02/26-02-Prockter.pdf|title=Ice in the Solar System|date=2005|publisher=Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest|volume=26|access-date=July 27, 2009|issue=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kwi-Mercury's poles nangona kunjalo, kukho amachibi amakhulu omkhenkce amanzi angazange abekwe lilanga elithe ngqo, anobunzima obuqikelelwayo obumalunga ne-0.025–0.25% yomkhenkce weAntarctic. &lt;ref name=&quot;Zahnle1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rawlins|first=Katherine|last2=Moses|first2=Julianne I.|last3=Zahnle|first3=Kevin J.|author-link3=Kevin J. Zahnle|year=1995|title=Exogenic Sources of Water for Mercury's Polar Ice|journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society|volume=27|page=1117|bibcode=1995DPS....27.2112R}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zininzi iingqikelelo ezikhuphisanayo malunga nemvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lweMercury, ezinye zazo ezibandakanya ukungqubana neplanetesimal kunye nomphunga wamatye. 

Ngenxa yokuba iMercury isondele kakhulu kwiLanga, ubukhulu bokukhanya kwelanga kumphezulu wayo buphakathi kwe-4.59 kunye ne-10.61 amaxesha elanga lelanga (isixa samandla eLanga afunyenwe kwiyunithi ye-astronomical 1, ephantse ibe ngumgama phakathi koMhlaba neLanga). I-Mercury ijikeleza iLanga ngo-3:2 spin–orbit resonance, okuthetha ukuba xa ithelekiswa neenkwenkwezi ezingasemva, ijikeleza kwi-axis yayo kanye kathathu kwimijikelo emibini nganye eyenzayo ukujikeleza iLanga. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Elkins-Tanton|first=Linda T.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJoYlBWbCAYC&amp;pg=PA51|title=Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System|date=2006|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0729-5|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokujikeleza okucothayo kweMercury, umntu obukeleyo kwiplanethi wayeya kubona usuku olunye lwe-Mercurian solar (iintsuku ezili-176 zomhlaba) rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini yelanga yeMercurian (iintsuku ezingama-88 zomhlaba nganye).  I-Mercury's axis ineyona ndawo incinci yokuthambeka kuyo nayiphi na iplanethi yeSolar System (malunga  yesidanga), kunye ne -orbital eccentricity yayo yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iiplanethi ezaziwayo kwiSolar System. 

[[IVenus|NjengoVenus]], iMercury ijikeleza iLanga ngaphakathi kwi-orbit yomhlaba, yenza ukuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba kuphela &quot;njengenkwenkwezi yasekuseni&quot; okanye &quot;inkwenkwezi yangokuhlwa&quot; esondele kakhulu kwiLanga. NgesiNgesi, ithiywe ngothixo waseRoma {{Lang|la|Mercurius}} ( Mercury ), uthixo wezorhwebo, unxibelelwano kunye nomthunywa woothixo. IMercury yeyona planethi inzima ukufikelela eMhlabeni kuba ifuna olona tshintsho lukhulu kwisantya sesiphekepheke . Zimbini kuphela iziphekepheke eziye zandwendwela iMercury ukusukela ngo-2023: yabhabha ngo-1974 nango-1975, kwaye ''uMESSENGER'' yasungulwa ngo-2004 yaza yajikeleza iMercury izihlandlo ezingama-4,000 kwiminyaka emine. Isiphekepheke ''se-BepiColombo'' sicwangciselwe ukuba sifike okokugqibela e-Mercury ngo-2025, kwaye emva koko siya kufaka ii-orbiters ezimbini.
== Imithombo ==
{{Reflist}}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>I-Mars</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>40342</id>
      <parentid>35331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:35:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[Mars]] to [[IMars]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3033" sha1="8qzbr8dw45abeajheltxpici2gyjfjm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:OSIRIS Mars true color.jpg|thumb|294x294px]]
'''IMars''' sisijikelezi -langa sesine kunye neyona planethi ikude [[UKat|neLanga]] . Umbala obomvu womphezulu wawo ubangelwa yintsimbi ecolekileyo (III) ye-oxide yomhlaba, eyinika igama lesidlaliso &quot;iPlanethi eBomvu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rees2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide|date=October 2012|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6|editor-last=Rees|editor-first=Martin J.|location=New York|pages=160–161}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iradiyasi kaMars yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwiiplanethi ezikwiSolar System kwi-. I- Martian dichotomy ibonakala phezu komhlaba: ngokomyinge, umhlaba osemantla we-Mars uthambile kwaye ungaphantsi kune-hemisphere yayo esemazantsi. IMars ineatmosfera ebhityileyo eyenziwe ikakhulu yicarbon dioxide kunye neesathelayithi zendalo ezimbini ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga : Phobos kunye neDeimos .

Ngokwejoloji, iMars isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye needemoni zothuli ezityhutyha imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye neenyikima (i-analog yaseMartian ukuya [[Inyikima|kwiinyikima]] ) ezingcangcazela ngaphantsi komhlaba. Umphezulu we - Mars ubamba i -volcano enkulu yekhaka (i-Olympus Mons) kunye nenye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kwi-Solar System (Valles Marineris). Ukubaluleka kwe -orbital eccentricity ye-Mars kunye nokuthambeka kwe-axial kubangela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxesha onyaka kugutyungelo lomkhenkce omhlophe kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu phakathi  ukuya kuma-  kumphezulu. Usuku lwe-Martian solar ( sol ) lulingana neeyure ezingama-24.5 kwaye unyaka welanga we-Martian ulingana neminyaka eyi-1.88 yoMhlaba.

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System, uMars wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ngexesha likaNoah ukususela malunga ne-4.1 ukuya kwi-3.7 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umphezulu we-Mars wawuphawulwe ngeempembelelo zemeteor, ukwakheka kweentlambo, ukhukuliseko, kunye nobukho obunokubakho bamanzi [[Iilwandle|olwandle]] . Ixesha le-Hesperian ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-3.2-2 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo lalilawulwa yintaba -mlilo exhaphakileyo kunye nezikhukula eziqingqe imijelo emikhulu yokuphuma . Ixesha laseAmazon, elisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, laphawulwa yimpembelelo yomoya kwiinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba . Akwaziwa enoba ubomi bakha babakho kusini na kuMars .

IMars iphakathi kwezona zinto ziqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba, kwaye ke yaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Iimpawu zayo ze-albedo ezichasene kakhulu zenza ukuba ibe yinto eqhelekileyo yokujongwa ngeteleskopu . Ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uMars uye waphononongwa ziziphekepheke ezingaqhubiyo kunye neerovers, kunye ne-flyby yokuqala ye- ''Mariner 4'' probe ngo-1965, i-Mars orbiter yokuqala nge- ''Mars 2'' probe ngo-1971, kunye ne- ''Viking 1'' yokuqala ngo-1976. Ukusukela ngo-2023, kukho ubuncinane iiprobes ezisebenzayo ezili-11 ezijikeleza iMars okanye kumphezulu weMartian. Kungoku nje, iMars yeyona nto inomtsalane ekujoliswe kuyo kwikamva lokuqala leemishini zabantu phakathi kweeplanethi .</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40344</id>
      <parentid>40342</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:36:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="3058" sha1="6nq4yg35eb99wynrnep0czd4mzqtiy1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:OSIRIS Mars true color.jpg|thumb|294x294px]]
'''IMars''' sisijikelezi -langa sesine kunye neyona planethi ikude [[UKat|neLanga]] . Umbala obomvu womphezulu wawo ubangelwa yintsimbi ecolekileyo (III) ye-oxide yomhlaba, eyinika igama lesidlaliso &quot;iPlanethi eBomvu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rees2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide|date=October 2012|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6|editor-last=Rees|editor-first=Martin J.|location=New York|pages=160–161}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iradiyasi kaMars yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwiiplanethi ezikwiSolar System kwi-. I- Martian dichotomy ibonakala phezu komhlaba: ngokomyinge, umhlaba osemantla we-Mars uthambile kwaye ungaphantsi kune-hemisphere yayo esemazantsi. IMars ineatmosfera ebhityileyo eyenziwe ikakhulu yicarbon dioxide kunye neesathelayithi zendalo ezimbini ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga : Phobos kunye neDeimos .

Ngokwejoloji, iMars isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye needemoni zothuli ezityhutyha imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye neenyikima (i-analog yaseMartian ukuya [[Inyikima|kwiinyikima]] ) ezingcangcazela ngaphantsi komhlaba. Umphezulu we - Mars ubamba i -volcano enkulu yekhaka (i-Olympus Mons) kunye nenye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kwi-Solar System (Valles Marineris). Ukubaluleka kwe -orbital eccentricity ye-Mars kunye nokuthambeka kwe-axial kubangela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxesha onyaka kugutyungelo lomkhenkce omhlophe kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu phakathi  ukuya kuma-  kumphezulu. Usuku lwe-Martian solar ( sol ) lulingana neeyure ezingama-24.5 kwaye unyaka welanga we-Martian ulingana neminyaka eyi-1.88 yoMhlaba.

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System, uMars wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ngexesha likaNoah ukususela malunga ne-4.1 ukuya kwi-3.7 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umphezulu we-Mars wawuphawulwe ngeempembelelo zemeteor, ukwakheka kweentlambo, ukhukuliseko, kunye nobukho obunokubakho bamanzi [[Iilwandle|olwandle]] . Ixesha le-Hesperian ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-3.2-2 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo lalilawulwa yintaba -mlilo exhaphakileyo kunye nezikhukula eziqingqe imijelo emikhulu yokuphuma . Ixesha laseAmazon, elisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, laphawulwa yimpembelelo yomoya kwiinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba . Akwaziwa enoba ubomi bakha babakho kusini na kuMars .

IMars iphakathi kwezona zinto ziqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba, kwaye ke yaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Iimpawu zayo ze-albedo ezichasene kakhulu zenza ukuba ibe yinto eqhelekileyo yokujongwa ngeteleskopu . Ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uMars uye waphononongwa ziziphekepheke ezingaqhubiyo kunye neerovers, kunye ne-flyby yokuqala ye- ''Mariner 4'' probe ngo-1965, i-Mars orbiter yokuqala nge- ''Mars 2'' probe ngo-1971, kunye ne- ''Viking 1'' yokuqala ngo-1976. Ukusukela ngo-2023, kukho ubuncinane iiprobes ezisebenzayo ezili-11 ezijikeleza iMars okanye kumphezulu weMartian. Kungoku nje, iMars yeyona nto inomtsalane ekujoliswe kuyo kwikamva lokuqala leemishini zabantu phakathi kweeplanethi .

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40345</id>
      <parentid>40344</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:36:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="3107" sha1="r31s56pzktbjwcfw9b97savryhs0qpl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:OSIRIS Mars true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IMars''' (uphawu: [[file:mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]) sisijikelezi -langa sesine kunye neyona planethi ikude [[UKat|neLanga]] . Umbala obomvu womphezulu wawo ubangelwa yintsimbi ecolekileyo (III) ye-oxide yomhlaba, eyinika igama lesidlaliso &quot;iPlanethi eBomvu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rees2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide|date=October 2012|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6|editor-last=Rees|editor-first=Martin J.|location=New York|pages=160–161}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iradiyasi kaMars yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwiiplanethi ezikwiSolar System kwi-. I- Martian dichotomy ibonakala phezu komhlaba: ngokomyinge, umhlaba osemantla we-Mars uthambile kwaye ungaphantsi kune-hemisphere yayo esemazantsi. IMars ineatmosfera ebhityileyo eyenziwe ikakhulu yicarbon dioxide kunye neesathelayithi zendalo ezimbini ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga : Phobos kunye neDeimos .

Ngokwejoloji, iMars isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye needemoni zothuli ezityhutyha imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye neenyikima (i-analog yaseMartian ukuya [[Inyikima|kwiinyikima]] ) ezingcangcazela ngaphantsi komhlaba. Umphezulu we - Mars ubamba i -volcano enkulu yekhaka (i-Olympus Mons) kunye nenye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kwi-Solar System (Valles Marineris). Ukubaluleka kwe -orbital eccentricity ye-Mars kunye nokuthambeka kwe-axial kubangela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxesha onyaka kugutyungelo lomkhenkce omhlophe kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu phakathi  ukuya kuma-  kumphezulu. Usuku lwe-Martian solar ( sol ) lulingana neeyure ezingama-24.5 kwaye unyaka welanga we-Martian ulingana neminyaka eyi-1.88 yoMhlaba.

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System, uMars wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ngexesha likaNoah ukususela malunga ne-4.1 ukuya kwi-3.7 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umphezulu we-Mars wawuphawulwe ngeempembelelo zemeteor, ukwakheka kweentlambo, ukhukuliseko, kunye nobukho obunokubakho bamanzi [[Iilwandle|olwandle]] . Ixesha le-Hesperian ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-3.2-2 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo lalilawulwa yintaba -mlilo exhaphakileyo kunye nezikhukula eziqingqe imijelo emikhulu yokuphuma . Ixesha laseAmazon, elisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, laphawulwa yimpembelelo yomoya kwiinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba . Akwaziwa enoba ubomi bakha babakho kusini na kuMars .

IMars iphakathi kwezona zinto ziqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba, kwaye ke yaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Iimpawu zayo ze-albedo ezichasene kakhulu zenza ukuba ibe yinto eqhelekileyo yokujongwa ngeteleskopu . Ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uMars uye waphononongwa ziziphekepheke ezingaqhubiyo kunye neerovers, kunye ne-flyby yokuqala ye- ''Mariner 4'' probe ngo-1965, i-Mars orbiter yokuqala nge- ''Mars 2'' probe ngo-1971, kunye ne- ''Viking 1'' yokuqala ngo-1976. Ukusukela ngo-2023, kukho ubuncinane iiprobes ezisebenzayo ezili-11 ezijikeleza iMars okanye kumphezulu weMartian. Kungoku nje, iMars yeyona nto inomtsalane ekujoliswe kuyo kwikamva lokuqala leemishini zabantu phakathi kweeplanethi .

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>r31s56pzktbjwcfw9b97savryhs0qpl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40377</id>
      <parentid>40345</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:09:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMars]] to [[I-Mars]]</comment>
      <origin>40345</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3107" sha1="r31s56pzktbjwcfw9b97savryhs0qpl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:OSIRIS Mars true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IMars''' (uphawu: [[file:mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]) sisijikelezi -langa sesine kunye neyona planethi ikude [[UKat|neLanga]] . Umbala obomvu womphezulu wawo ubangelwa yintsimbi ecolekileyo (III) ye-oxide yomhlaba, eyinika igama lesidlaliso &quot;iPlanethi eBomvu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rees2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide|date=October 2012|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6|editor-last=Rees|editor-first=Martin J.|location=New York|pages=160–161}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iradiyasi kaMars yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwiiplanethi ezikwiSolar System kwi-. I- Martian dichotomy ibonakala phezu komhlaba: ngokomyinge, umhlaba osemantla we-Mars uthambile kwaye ungaphantsi kune-hemisphere yayo esemazantsi. IMars ineatmosfera ebhityileyo eyenziwe ikakhulu yicarbon dioxide kunye neesathelayithi zendalo ezimbini ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga : Phobos kunye neDeimos .

Ngokwejoloji, iMars isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye needemoni zothuli ezityhutyha imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye neenyikima (i-analog yaseMartian ukuya [[Inyikima|kwiinyikima]] ) ezingcangcazela ngaphantsi komhlaba. Umphezulu we - Mars ubamba i -volcano enkulu yekhaka (i-Olympus Mons) kunye nenye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kwi-Solar System (Valles Marineris). Ukubaluleka kwe -orbital eccentricity ye-Mars kunye nokuthambeka kwe-axial kubangela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxesha onyaka kugutyungelo lomkhenkce omhlophe kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu phakathi  ukuya kuma-  kumphezulu. Usuku lwe-Martian solar ( sol ) lulingana neeyure ezingama-24.5 kwaye unyaka welanga we-Martian ulingana neminyaka eyi-1.88 yoMhlaba.

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System, uMars wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ngexesha likaNoah ukususela malunga ne-4.1 ukuya kwi-3.7 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umphezulu we-Mars wawuphawulwe ngeempembelelo zemeteor, ukwakheka kweentlambo, ukhukuliseko, kunye nobukho obunokubakho bamanzi [[Iilwandle|olwandle]] . Ixesha le-Hesperian ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-3.2-2 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo lalilawulwa yintaba -mlilo exhaphakileyo kunye nezikhukula eziqingqe imijelo emikhulu yokuphuma . Ixesha laseAmazon, elisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, laphawulwa yimpembelelo yomoya kwiinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba . Akwaziwa enoba ubomi bakha babakho kusini na kuMars .

IMars iphakathi kwezona zinto ziqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba, kwaye ke yaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Iimpawu zayo ze-albedo ezichasene kakhulu zenza ukuba ibe yinto eqhelekileyo yokujongwa ngeteleskopu . Ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uMars uye waphononongwa ziziphekepheke ezingaqhubiyo kunye neerovers, kunye ne-flyby yokuqala ye- ''Mariner 4'' probe ngo-1965, i-Mars orbiter yokuqala nge- ''Mars 2'' probe ngo-1971, kunye ne- ''Viking 1'' yokuqala ngo-1976. Ukusukela ngo-2023, kukho ubuncinane iiprobes ezisebenzayo ezili-11 ezijikeleza iMars okanye kumphezulu weMartian. Kungoku nje, iMars yeyona nto inomtsalane ekujoliswe kuyo kwikamva lokuqala leemishini zabantu phakathi kweeplanethi .

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>r31s56pzktbjwcfw9b97savryhs0qpl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40394</id>
      <parentid>40377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:15:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40394</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3108" sha1="3lb4m8o3ji5xtuiizok6pptunte4d08" xml:space="preserve">[[File:OSIRIS Mars true color.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Mars''' (uphawu: [[file:mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]) sisijikelezi -langa sesine kunye neyona planethi ikude [[UKat|neLanga]] . Umbala obomvu womphezulu wawo ubangelwa yintsimbi ecolekileyo (III) ye-oxide yomhlaba, eyinika igama lesidlaliso &quot;iPlanethi eBomvu&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Rees2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide|date=October 2012|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6|editor-last=Rees|editor-first=Martin J.|location=New York|pages=160–161}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Iradiyasi kaMars yeyesibini ngobukhulu kwiiplanethi ezikwiSolar System kwi-. I- Martian dichotomy ibonakala phezu komhlaba: ngokomyinge, umhlaba osemantla we-Mars uthambile kwaye ungaphantsi kune-hemisphere yayo esemazantsi. IMars ineatmosfera ebhityileyo eyenziwe ikakhulu yicarbon dioxide kunye neesathelayithi zendalo ezimbini ezimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga : Phobos kunye neDeimos .

Ngokwejoloji, iMars isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye needemoni zothuli ezityhutyha imbonakalo yomhlaba kunye neenyikima (i-analog yaseMartian ukuya [[Inyikima|kwiinyikima]] ) ezingcangcazela ngaphantsi komhlaba. Umphezulu we - Mars ubamba i -volcano enkulu yekhaka (i-Olympus Mons) kunye nenye yeenqanawa ezinkulu kwi-Solar System (Valles Marineris). Ukubaluleka kwe -orbital eccentricity ye-Mars kunye nokuthambeka kwe-axial kubangela utshintsho olukhulu lwamaxesha onyaka kugutyungelo lomkhenkce omhlophe kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu phakathi  ukuya kuma-  kumphezulu. Usuku lwe-Martian solar ( sol ) lulingana neeyure ezingama-24.5 kwaye unyaka welanga we-Martian ulingana neminyaka eyi-1.88 yoMhlaba.

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezikwiSolar System, uMars wasekwa malunga neminyaka eyi-4.5 yeebhiliyoni eyadlulayo. Ngexesha likaNoah ukususela malunga ne-4.1 ukuya kwi-3.7 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo, umphezulu we-Mars wawuphawulwe ngeempembelelo zemeteor, ukwakheka kweentlambo, ukhukuliseko, kunye nobukho obunokubakho bamanzi [[Iilwandle|olwandle]] . Ixesha le-Hesperian ukusuka kwi-3.7 ukuya kwi-3.2-2 yeebhiliyoni zeminyaka eyadlulayo lalilawulwa yintaba -mlilo exhaphakileyo kunye nezikhukula eziqingqe imijelo emikhulu yokuphuma . Ixesha laseAmazon, elisaqhubeka ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, laphawulwa yimpembelelo yomoya kwiinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba . Akwaziwa enoba ubomi bakha babakho kusini na kuMars .

IMars iphakathi kwezona zinto ziqaqambileyo kwisibhakabhaka soMhlaba, kwaye ke yaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Iimpawu zayo ze-albedo ezichasene kakhulu zenza ukuba ibe yinto eqhelekileyo yokujongwa ngeteleskopu . Ukusukela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uMars uye waphononongwa ziziphekepheke ezingaqhubiyo kunye neerovers, kunye ne-flyby yokuqala ye- ''Mariner 4'' probe ngo-1965, i-Mars orbiter yokuqala nge- ''Mars 2'' probe ngo-1971, kunye ne- ''Viking 1'' yokuqala ngo-1976. Ukusukela ngo-2023, kukho ubuncinane iiprobes ezisebenzayo ezili-11 ezijikeleza iMars okanye kumphezulu weMartian. Kungoku nje, iMars yeyona nto inomtsalane ekujoliswe kuyo kwikamva lokuqala leemishini zabantu phakathi kweeplanethi .

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>3lb4m8o3ji5xtuiizok6pptunte4d08</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci 1-1000</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40369</id>
      <parentid>35112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:57:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40369</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34056" sha1="syiq9wgia2paokuiypb5uapyep95lt7" xml:space="preserve">
== 1–100 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[Ceres|1 Ceres]]
|[[G. Piazzi]]
|-
|[[2 Pallas]]
|[[H. W. Olbers]]
|-
|[[3 Juno]]
|[[K. Harding]]
|-
|[[4 Vesta]]
|H. W. Olbers
|-
|[[5 Astraea]]
|[[K. L. Hencke]]
|-
|[[6 Hebe]]
|K. L. Hencke
|-
|[[7 Iris]]
|[[J. R. Hind]]
|-
|[[8 Flora]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[9 Metis]]
|[[A. Graham]]
|-
|[[10 Hygiea]]
|[[A. de Gasparis]]
|-
|[[11 Parthenope]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[12 Victoria]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[13 Egeria]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[14 Irene]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[15 Eunomia]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[16 Psyche]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[17 Thetis]]
|[[R. Luther]]
|-
|[[18 Melpomene]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[19 Fortuna]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[20 Massalia]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[21 Lutetia]]
|[[H. Goldschmidt]]
|-
|[[22 Kalliope]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[23 Thalia]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[24 Themis]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[25 Phocaea]]
|[[J. Chacornac]]
|-
|[[26 Proserpina]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[27 Euterpe]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[28 Bellona]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[29 Amphitrite]]
|[[A. Marth]]
|-
|[[30 Urania]]
|J. R. Hind
|-
|[[31 Euphrosyne]]
|[[J. Ferguson]]
|-
|[[32 Pomona]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[33 Polyhymnia]]
|J. Chacornac
|-
|[[34 Circe]]
|J. Chacornac
|-
|[[35 Leukothea]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[36 Atalante]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[37 Fides]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[38 Leda]]
|J. Chacornac
|-
|[[39 Laetitia]]
|J. Chacornac
|-
|[[40 Harmonia]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[41 Daphne]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[42 Isis]]
|[[N. R. Pogson]]
|-
|[[43 Ariadne]]
|N. R. Pogson
|-
|[[44 Nysa]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[45 Eugenia]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[46 Hestia]]
|N. R. Pogson
|-
|[[47 Aglaja]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[48 Doris]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[49 Pales]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[50 Virginia]]
|J. Ferguson
|-
|[[51 Nemausa]]
|[[A. Laurent]]
|-
|[[52 Europa]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[53 Kalypso]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[54 Alexandra]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[55 Pandora]]
|[[G. Searle]]
|-
|[[56 Melete]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[57 Mnemosyne]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[58 Concordia]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[59 Elpis]]
|J. Chacornac
|-
|[[60 Echo]]
|J. Ferguson
|-
|[[61 Danae]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[62 Erato]]
|[[O. Lesser]], [[W. Forster]]
|-
|[[63 Ausonia]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[64 Angelina]]
|[[E. W. Tempel]]
|-
|[[65 Cybele]]
|E. W. Tempel
|-
|[[66 Maja]]
|[[H. P. Tuttle]]
|-
|[[67 Asia]]
|N. R. Pogson
|-
|[[68 Leto]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[69 Hesperia]]
|[[G. Schiaparelli]]
|-
|[[70 Panopaea]]
|H. Goldschmidt
|-
|[[71 Niobe]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[72 Feronia]]
|[[C. H. F. Peters]]
|-
|[[73 Klytia]]
|H. P. Tuttle
|-
|[[74 Galatea]]
|E. W. Tempel
|-
|[[75 Eurydike]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[76 Freia]]
|[[H. d'Arrest]]
|-
|[[77 Frigga]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[78 Diana]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[79 Eurynome]]
|[[J. C. Watson]]
|-
|[[80 Sappho]]
|N. R. Pogson
|-
|[[81 Terpsichore]]
|E. W. Tempel
|-
|[[82 Alkmene]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[83 Beatrix]]
|A. de Gasparis
|-
|[[84 Klio]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[85 Io]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[86 Semele]]
|[[F. Tietjen]]
|-
|[[87 Sylvia]]
|N. R. Pogson
|-
|[[88 Thisbe]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[89 Julia]]
|[[E. Stephan]]
|-
|[[90 Antiope]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[91 Aegina]]
|E. Stephan
|-
|[[92 Undina]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[93 Minerva]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[94 Aurora]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[95 Arethusa]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[96 Aegle]]
|[[J. Coggia]]
|-
|[[97 Klotho]]
|E. W. Tempel
|-
|[[98 Ianthe]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[99 Dike]]
|[[A. Borrelly]]
|-
|[[100 Hekate]]
|J. C. Watson
|}

== 101–200 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[101 Helena]]
|[[J. C. Watson]]
|-
|[[102 Miriam]]
|[[C. H. F. Peters]]
|-
|[[103 Hera]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[104 Klymene]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[105 Artemis]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[106 Dione]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[107 Camilla]]
|[[N. R. Pogson]]
|-
|[[108 Hecuba]]
|[[R. Luther]]
|-
|[[109 Felicitas]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[110 Lydia]]
|[[A. Borrelly]]
|-
|[[111 Ate]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[112 Iphigenia]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[113 Amalthea]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[114 Kassandra]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[115 Thyra]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[116 Sirona]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[117 Lomia]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[118 Peitho]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[119 Althaea]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[120 Lachesis]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[121 Hermione]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[122 Gerda]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[123 Brunhild]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[124 Alkeste]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[125 Liberatrix]]
|[[P. M. Henry]]
|-
|[[126 Velleda]]
|[[P. P. Henry]]
|-
|[[127 Johanna]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[128 Nemesis]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[129 Antigone]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[130 Elektra]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[131 Vala]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[132 Aethra]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[133 Cyrene]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[134 Sophrosyne]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[135 Hertha]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[136 Austria]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[137 Meliboea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[138 Tolosa]]
|[[J. Perrotin]]
|-
|[[139 Juewa]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[140 Siwa]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[141 Lumen]]
|P. P. Henry
|-
|[[142 Polana]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[143 Adria]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[144 Vibilia]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[145 Adeona]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[146 Lucina]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[147 Protogeneia]]
|[[L. Schulhof]]
|-
|[[148 Gallia]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[149 Medusa]]
|J. Perrotin
|-
|[[150 Nuwa]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[151 Abundantia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[152 Atala]]
|P. P. Henry
|-
|[[153 Hilda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[154 Bertha]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[155 Scylla]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[156 Xanthippe]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[157 Dejanira]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[158 Koronis]]
|[[V. Knorre]]
|-
|[[159 Aemilia]]
|P. P. Henry
|-
|[[160 Una]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[161 Athor]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[162 Laurentia]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[163 Erigone]]
|J. Perrotin
|-
|[[164 Eva]]
|P. P. Henry
|-
|[[165 Loreley]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[166 Rhodope]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[167 Urda]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[168 Sibylla]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[169 Zelia]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[170 Maria]]
|J. Perrotin
|-
|[[171 Ophelia]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[172 Baucis]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[173 Ino]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[174 Phaedra]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[175 Andromache]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[176 Iduna]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[177 Irma]]
|P. P. Henry
|-
|[[178 Belisana]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[179 Klytaemnestra]]
|J. C. Watson
|-
|[[180 Garumna]]
|J. Perrotin
|-
|[[181 Eucharis]]
|[[P. Cottenot]]
|-
|[[182 Elsa]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[183 Istria]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[184 Dejopeja]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[185 Eunike]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[186 Celuta]]
|P. M. Henry
|-
|[[187 Lamberta]]
|[[J. Coggia]]
|-
|[[188 Menippe]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[189 Phthia]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[190 Ismene]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[191 Kolga]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[192 Nausikaa]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[193 Ambrosia]]
|J. Coggia
|-
|[[194 Prokne]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[195 Eurykleia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[196 Philomela]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[197 Arete]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[198 Ampella]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[199 Byblis]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[200 Dynamene]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|}

== 201–300 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[201 Penelope]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[202 Chryseis]]
|[[C. H. F. Peters]]
|-
|[[203 Pompeja]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[204 Kallisto]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[205 Martha]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[206 Hersilia]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[207 Hedda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[208 Lacrimosa]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[209 Dido]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[210 Isabella]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[211 Isolda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[212 Medea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[213 Lilaea]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[214 Aschera]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[215 Oenone]]
|[[V. Knorre]]
|-
|[[216 Kleopatra]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[217 Eudora]]
|[[J. Coggia]]
|-
|[[218 Bianca]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[219 Thusnelda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[220 Stephania]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[221 Eos]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[222 Lucia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[223 Rosa]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[224 Oceana]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[225 Henrietta]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[226 Weringia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[227 Philosophia]]
|[[P. P. Henry]]
|-
|[[228 Agathe]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[229 Adelinda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[230 Athamantis]]
|[[K. de Ball]]
|-
|[[231 Vindobona]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[232 Russia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[233 Asterope]]
|[[A. Borrelly]]
|-
|[[234 Barbara]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[235 Carolina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[236 Honoria]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[237 Coelestina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[238 Hypatia]]
|V. Knorre
|-
|[[239 Adrastea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[240 Vanadis]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[241 Germania]]
|[[R. Luther]]
|-
|[[242 Kriemhild]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[243 Ida]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[244 Sita]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[245 Vera]]
|[[N. R. Pogson]]
|-
|[[246 Asporina]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[247 Eukrate]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[248 Lameia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[249 Ilse]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[250 Bettina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[251 Sophia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[252 Clementina]]
|[[J. Perrotin]]
|-
|[[253 Mathilde]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[254 Augusta]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[255 Oppavia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[256 Walpurga]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[257 Silesia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[258 Tyche]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[259 Aletheia]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[260 Huberta]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[261 Prymno]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[262 Valda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[263 Dresda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[264 Libussa]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[265 Anna]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[266 Aline]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[267 Tirza]]
|[[A. Charlois]]
|-
|[[268 Adorea]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[269 Justitia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[270 Anahita]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[271 Penthesilea]]
|V. Knorre
|-
|[[272 Antonia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[273 Atropos]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[274 Philagoria]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[275 Sapientia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[276 Adelheid]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[277 Elvira]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[278 Paulina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[279 Thule]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[280 Philia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[281 Lucretia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[282 Clorinde]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[283 Emma]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[284 Amalia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[285 Regina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[286 Iclea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[287 Nephthys]]
|C. H. F. Peters
|-
|[[288 Glauke]]
|R. Luther
|-
|[[289 Nenetta]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[290 Bruna]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[291 Alice]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[292 Ludovica]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[293 Brasilia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[294 Felicia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[295 Theresia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[296 Phaetusa]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[297 Caecilia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[298 Baptistina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[299 Thora]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[300 Geraldina]]
|A. Charlois
|}

== 301–400 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[301 Bavaria]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[302 Clarissa]]
|[[A. Charlois]]
|-
|[[303 Josephina]]
|[[Elia Millosevich|E. Millosevich]]
|-
|[[304 Olga]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[305 Gordonia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[306 Unitas]]
|E. Millosevich
|-
|[[307 Nike]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[308 Polyxo]]
|[[A. Borrelly]]
|-
|[[309 Fraternitas]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[310 Margarita]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[311 Claudia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[312 Pierretta]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[313 Chaldaea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[314 Rosalia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[315 Constantia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[316 Goberta]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[317 Roxane]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[318 Magdalena]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[319 Leona]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[320 Katharina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[321 Florentina]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[322 Phaeo]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[323 Brucia]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[324 Bamberga]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[325 Heidelberga]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[326 Tamara]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[327 Columbia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[328 Gudrun]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[329 Svea]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[330 Adalberta]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[331 Etheridgea]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[332 Siri]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[333 Badenia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[334 Chicago]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[335 Roberta]]
|[[A. Staus]]
|-
|[[336 Lacadiera]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[337 Devosa]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[338 Budrosa]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[339 Dorothea]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[340 Eduarda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[341 California]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[342 Endymion]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[343 Ostara]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[344 Desiderata]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[345 Tercidina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[346 Hermentaria]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[347 Pariana]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|348 May
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[349 Dembowska]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[350 Ornamenta]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[351 Yrsa]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[352 Gisela]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[353 Ruperto-Carola]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[354 Eleonora]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[355 Gabriella]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[356 Liguria]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[357 Ninina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[358 Apollonia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[359 Georgia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[360 Carlova]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[361 Bononia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[362 Havnia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[363 Padua]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[364 Isara]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[365 Corduba]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[366 Vincentina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[367 Amicitia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[368 Haidea]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[369 Aeria]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[370 Modestia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[371 Bohemia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[372 Palma]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[373 Melusina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[374 Burgundia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[375 Ursula]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[376 Geometria]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[377 Campania]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[378 Holmia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[379 Huenna]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[380 Fiducia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[381 Myrrha]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[382 Dodona]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[383 Janina]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[384 Burdigala]]
|[[F. Courty]]
|-
|[[385 Ilmatar]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[386 Siegena]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[387 Aquitania]]
|F. Courty
|-
|[[388 Charybdis]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[389 Industria]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[390 Alma]]
|[[G. Bigourdan]]
|-
|[[391 Ingeborg]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[392 Wilhelmina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[393 Lampetia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[394 Arduina]]
|A. Borrelly
|-
|[[395 Delia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[396 Aeolia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[397 Vienna]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[398 Admete]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[399 Persephone]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[400 Ducrosa]]
|A. Charlois
|}

== 401–500 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[401 Ottilia]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[402 Chloe]]
|[[A. Charlois]]
|-
|[[403 Cyane]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[404 Arsinoe]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[405 Thia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[406 Erna]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[407 Arachne]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[408 Fama]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[409 Aspasia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[410 Chloris]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[411 Xanthe]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[412 Elisabetha]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[413 Edburga]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[414 Liriope]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[415 Palatia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[416 Vaticana]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[417 Suevia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[418 Alemannia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[419 Aurelia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[420 Bertholda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[421 Zahringia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[422 Berolina]]
|[[G. Witt]]
|-
|[[423 Diotima]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[424 Gratia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[425 Cornelia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[426 Hippo]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[427 Galene]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[428 Monachia]]
|[[W. Villiger]]
|-
|[[429 Lotis]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[430 Hybris]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[431 Nephele]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[432 Pythia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[433 Eros]]
|G. Witt
|-
|[[434 Hungaria]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[435 Ella]]
|M. F. Wolf, [[A. Schwassmann]]
|-
|[[436 Patricia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[437 Rhodia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[438 Zeuxo]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[439 Ohio]]
|[[E. F. Coddington]]
|-
|[[440 Theodora]]
|E. F. Coddington
|-
|[[441 Bathilde]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[442 Eichsfeldia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[443 Photographica]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[444 Gyptis]]
|[[J. Coggia]]
|-
|[[445 Edna]]
|E. F. Coddington
|-
|[[446 Aeternitas]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[447 Valentine]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[448 Natalie]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[449 Hamburga]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[450 Brigitta]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[451 Patientia]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[452 Hamiltonia]]
|[[J. E. Keeler]]
|-
|453 Tea
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[454 Mathesis]]
|A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[455 Bruchsalia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[456 Abnoba]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[457 Alleghenia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[458 Hercynia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[459 Signe]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[460 Scania]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[461 Saskia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[462 Eriphyla]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[463 Lola]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[464 Megaira]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[465 Alekto]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[466 Tisiphone]]
|M. F. Wolf, [[L. Carnera]]
|-
|[[467 Laura]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[468 Lina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[469 Argentina]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[470 Kilia]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[471 Papagena]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[472 Roma]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[473 Nolli]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[474 Prudentia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[475 Ocllo]]
|[[D. Stewart]]
|-
|[[476 Hedwig]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[477 Italia]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[478 Tergeste]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[479 Caprera]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[480 Hansa]]
|M. F. Wolf, L. Carnera
|-
|[[481 Emita]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[482 Petrina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[483 Seppina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[484 Pittsburghia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[485 Genua]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[486 Cremona]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[487 Venetia]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[488 Kreusa]]
|M. F. Wolf, L. Carnera
|-
|[[489 Comacina]]
|L. Carnera
|-
|[[490 Veritas]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[491 Carina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[492 Gismonda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[493 Griseldis]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[494 Virtus]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[495 Eulalia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[496 Gryphia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[497 Iva]]
|[[R. S. Dugan]]
|-
|[[498 Tokio]]
|A. Charlois
|-
|[[499 Venusia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[500 Selinur]]
|M. F. Wolf
|}

== 501–600 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[501 Urhixidur]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[502 Sigune]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[503 Evelyn]]
|[[R. S. Dugan]]
|-
|[[504 Cora]]
|[[S. I. Bailey]]
|-
|[[505 Cava]]
|[[R. H. Frost]]
|-
|[[506 Marion]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[507 Laodica]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[508 Princetonia]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[509 Iolanda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[510 Mabella]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[511 Davida]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[512 Taurinensis]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[513 Centesima]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[514 Armida]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[515 Athalia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[516 Amherstia]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[517 Edith]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[518 Halawe]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[519 Sylvania]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[520 Franziska]]
|M. F. Wolf, [[P. Gotz]]
|-
|[[521 Brixia]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[522 Helga]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[523 Ada]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[524 Fidelio]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[525 Adelaide]]
|[[J. H. Metcalf]]
|-
|[[526 Jena]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[527 Euryanthe]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[528 Rezia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[529 Preziosa]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[530 Turandot]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[531 Zerlina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[532 Herculina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[533 Sara]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[534 Nassovia]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[535 Montague]]
|R. S. Dugan
|-
|[[536 Merapi]]
|[[G. H. Peters]]
|-
|[[537 Pauly]]
|[[A. Charlois]]
|-
|[[538 Friederike]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[539 Pamina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[540 Rosamunde]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[541 Deborah]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[542 Susanna]]
|P. Gotz, [[A. Kopff]]
|-
|[[543 Charlotte]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[544 Jetta]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[545 Messalina]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[546 Herodias]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[547 Praxedis]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[548 Kressida]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[549 Jessonda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[550 Senta]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[551 Ortrud]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[552 Sigelinde]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[553 Kundry]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[554 Peraga]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[555 Norma]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[556 Phyllis]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[557 Violetta]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[558 Carmen]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[559 Nanon]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[560 Delila]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[561 Ingwelde]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[562 Salome]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[563 Suleika]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[564 Dudu]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[565 Marbachia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[566 Stereoskopia]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[567 Eleutheria]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[568 Cheruskia]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[569 Misa]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[570 Kythera]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[571 Dulcinea]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[572 Rebekka]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[573 Recha]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[574 Reginhild]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[575 Renate]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[576 Emanuela]]
|P. Gotz
|-
|[[577 Rhea]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[578 Happelia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[579 Sidonia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[580 Selene]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[581 Tauntonia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[582 Olympia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[583 Klotilde]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[584 Semiramis]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[585 Bilkis]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[586 Thekla]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[587 Hypsipyle]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[588 Achilles]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[589 Croatia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[590 Tomyris]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[591 Irmgard]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[592 Bathseba]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[593 Titania]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[594 Mireille]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[595 Polyxena]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[596 Scheila]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[597 Bandusia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[598 Octavia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[599 Luisa]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[600 Musa]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|}

== 601–700 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[601 Nerthus]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[602 Marianna]]
|[[J. H. Metcalf]]
|-
|[[603 Timandra]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[604 Tekmessa]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[605 Juvisia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[606 Brangane]]
|[[A. Kopff]]
|-
|[[607 Jenny]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[608 Adolfine]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[609 Fulvia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[610 Valeska]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[611 Valeria]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[612 Veronika]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[613 Ginevra]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[614 Pia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[615 Roswitha]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[616 Elly]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[617 Patroclus]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[618 Elfriede]]
|[[K. Lohnert]]
|-
|[[619 Triberga]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[620 Drakonia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[621 Werdandi]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[622 Esther]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[623 Chimaera]]
|K. Lohnert
|-
|[[624 Hektor]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[625 Xenia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[626 Notburga]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[627 Charis]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[628 Christine]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[629 Bernardina]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[630 Euphemia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[631 Philippina]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[632 Pyrrha]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[633 Zelima]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[634 Ute]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[635 Vundtia]]
|K. Lohnert
|-
|[[636 Erika]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[637 Chrysothemis]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[638 Moira]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[639 Latona]]
|K. Lohnert
|-
|[[640 Brambilla]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[641 Agnes]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[642 Clara]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[643 Scheherezade]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[644 Cosima]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[645 Agrippina]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[646 Kastalia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[647 Adelgunde]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[648 Pippa]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[649 Josefa]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[650 Amalasuntha]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[651 Antikleia]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[652 Jubilatrix]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[653 Berenike]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[654 Zelinda]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[655 Briseis]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[656 Beagle]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[657 Gunlod]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[658 Asteria]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[659 Nestor]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[660 Crescentia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[661 Cloelia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[662 Newtonia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[663 Gerlinde]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[664 Judith]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[665 Sabine]]
|[[W. Lorenz]]
|-
|[[666 Desdemona]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[667 Denise]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[668 Dora]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[669 Kypria]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[670 Ottegebe]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[671 Carnegia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[672 Astarte]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[673 Edda]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[674 Rachele]]
|W. Lorenz
|-
|[[675 Ludmilla]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[676 Melitta]]
|[[P. Melotte]]
|-
|[[677 Aaltje]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[678 Fredegundis]]
|W. Lorenz
|-
|[[679 Pax]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[680 Genoveva]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[681 Gorgo]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[682 Hagar]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[683 Lanzia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[684 Hildburg]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[685 Hermia]]
|W. Lorenz
|-
|[[686 Gersuind]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[687 Tinette]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[688 Melanie]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[689 Zita]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[690 Wratislavia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[691 Lehigh]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[692 Hippodamia]]
|M. F. Wolf, A. Kopff
|-
|[[693 Zerbinetta]]
|A. Kopff
|-
|[[694 Ekard]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[695 Bella]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[696 Leonora]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[697 Galilea]]
|[[J. Helffrich]]
|-
|[[698 Ernestina]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[699 Hela]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[700 Auravictrix]]
|J. Helffrich
|}

== 701–800 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[701 Oriola]]
|[[J. Helffrich]]
|-
|[[702 Alauda]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[703 Noemi]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[704 Interamnia]]
|[[V. Cerulli]]
|-
|[[705 Erminia]]
|[[E. Ernst]]
|-
|[[706 Hirundo]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[707 Steina]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[708 Raphaela]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[709 Fringilla]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[710 Gertrud]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[711 Marmulla]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[712 Boliviana]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[713 Luscinia]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[714 Ulula]]
|J. Helffrich
|-
|[[715 Transvaalia]]
|[[H. E. Wood]]
|-
|[[716 Berkeley]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[717 Wisibada]]
|[[F. Kaiser]]
|-
|[[718 Erida]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[719 Albert]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[720 Bohlinia]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[721 Tabora]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[722 Frieda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[723 Hammonia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[724 Hapag]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[725 Amanda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[726 Joella]]
|[[J. H. Metcalf]]
|-
|[[727 Nipponia]]
|[[A. Massinger]]
|-
|[[728 Leonisis]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[729 Watsonia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[730 Athanasia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[731 Sorga]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[732 Tjilaki]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[733 Mocia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[734 Benda]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[735 Marghanna]]
|[[H. Vogt]]
|-
|[[736 Harvard]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[737 Arequipa]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[738 Alagasta]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[739 Mandeville]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[740 Cantabia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[741 Botolphia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[742 Edisona]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[743 Eugenisis]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[744 Aguntina]]
|[[J. Rheden]]
|-
|[[745 Mauritia]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[746 Marlu]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[747 Winchester]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[748 Simeisa]]
|[[Grigori N. Neujmin|G. N. Neuimin]]
|-
|[[749 Malzovia]]
|[[Sergei Beljavski|S. Beljavski]]
|-
|[[750 Oskar]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[751 Faina]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[752 Sulamitis]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[753 Tiflis]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[754 Malabar]]
|[[A. Kopff]]
|-
|[[755 Quintilla]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[756 Lilliana]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[757 Portlandia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[758 Mancunia]]
|H. E. Wood
|-
|[[759 Vinifera]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[760 Massinga]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[761 Brendelia]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[762 Pulcova]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[763 Cupido]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[764 Gedania]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[765 Mattiaca]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[766 Moguntia]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[767 Bondia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[768 Struveana]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[769 Tatjana]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[770 Bali]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[771 Libera]]
|J. Rheden
|-
|[[772 Tanete]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[773 Irmintraud]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[774 Armor]]
|[[C. le Morvan]]
|-
|[[775 Lumiere]]
|[[J. Lagrula]]
|-
|[[776 Berbericia]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[777 Gutemberga]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[778 Theobalda]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[779 Nina]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[780 Armenia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[781 Kartvelia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[782 Montefiore]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[783 Nora]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[784 Pickeringia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[785 Zwetana]]
|A. Massinger
|-
|[[786 Bredichina]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[787 Moskva]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[788 Hohensteina]]
|F. Kaiser
|-
|[[789 Lena]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[790 Pretoria]]
|H. E. Wood
|-
|[[791 Ani]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[792 Metcalfia]]
|J. H. Metcalf
|-
|[[793 Arizona]]
|[[P. Lowell]]
|-
|[[794 Irenaea]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[795 Fini]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[796 Sarita]]
|[[K. Reinmuth]]
|-
|[[797 Montana]]
|[[H. Thiele]]
|-
|[[798 Ruth]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[799 Gudula]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[800 Kressmannia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|}

== 801–900 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[801 Helwerthia]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[802 Epyaxa]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[803 Picka]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[804 Hispania]]
|[[J. Comas Sola]]
|-
|[[805 Hormuthia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[806 Gyldénia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[807 Ceraskia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[808 Merxia]]
|[[L. Carnera]]
|-
|[[809 Lundia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[810 Atossa]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[811 Nauheima]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[812 Adele]]
|[[Sergei Beljavski|S. Beljavski]]
|-
|[[813 Baumeia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[814 Tauris]]
|[[Grigori N. Neujmin|G. N. Neuimin]]
|-
|[[815 Coppelia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[816 Juliana]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[817 Annika]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[818 Kapteynia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[819 Barnardiana]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[820 Adriana]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[821 Fanny]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[822 Lalage]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[823 Sisigambis]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[824 Anastasia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[825 Tanina]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[826 Henrika]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[827 Wolfiana]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[828 Lindemannia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[829 Academia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[830 Petropolitana]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[831 Stateira]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[832 Karin]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[833 Monica]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[834 Burnhamia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[835 Olivia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[836 Jole]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[837 Schwarzschilda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[838 Seraphina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[839 Valborg]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[840 Zenobia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[841 Arabella]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[842 Kerstin]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[843 Nicolaia]]
|[[H. Thiele]]
|-
|[[844 Leontina]]
|[[J. Rheden]]
|-
|[[845 Naema]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[846 Lipperta]]
|[[K. Gyllenberg]]
|-
|[[847 Agnia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[848 Inna]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[849 Ara]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[850 Altona]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[851 Zeissia]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[852 Wladilena]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[853 Nansenia]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[854 Frostia]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[855 Newcombia]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[856 Backlunda]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[857 Glasenappia]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[858 El Djezair]]
|[[F. Sy]]
|-
|[[859 Bouzareah]]
|F. Sy
|-
|[[860 Ursina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[861 Aida]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[862 Franzia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[863 Benkoela]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[864 Aase]]
|[[K. Reinmuth]]
|-
|[[865 Zubaida]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[866 Fatme]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[867 Kovacia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[868 Lova]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[869 Mellena]]
|[[R. Schorr]]
|-
|[[870 Manto]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[871 Amneris]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[872 Holda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[873 Mechthild]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[874 Rotraut]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[875 Nymphe]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[876 Scott]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[877 Walkure]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[878 Mildred]]
|[[S. B. Nicholson]]
|-
|[[879 Ricarda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[880 Herba]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[881 Athene]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[882 Swetlana]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[883 Matterania]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[884 Priamus]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[885 Ulrike]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[886 Washingtonia]]
|[[G. H. Peters]]
|-
|[[887 Alinda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[888 Parysatis]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[889 Erynia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[890 Waltraut]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[891 Gunhild]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[892 Seeligeria]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[893 Leopoldina]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[894 Erda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[895 Helio]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[896 Sphinx]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[897 Lysistrata]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[898 Hildegard]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[899 Jokaste]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[900 Rosalinde]]
|M. F. Wolf
|}

== 901–1000 ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Igama
!Umseki
|-
|[[901 Brunsia]]
|[[M. F. Wolf]]
|-
|[[902 Probitas]]
|[[J. Palisa]]
|-
|[[903 Nealley]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[904 Rockefellia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[905 Universitas]]
|[[A. Schwassmann]]
|-
|[[906 Repsolda]]
|A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[907 Rhoda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[908 Buda]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[909 Ulla]]
|[[K. Reinmuth]]
|-
|[[910 Anneliese]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[911 Agamemnon]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[912 Maritima]]
|A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[913 Otila]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[914 Palisana]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[915 Cosette]]
|[[F. Gonnessiat]]
|-
|[[916 America]]
|[[Grigori N. Neujmin|G. N. Neuimin]]
|-
|[[917 Lyka]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[918 Itha]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[919 Ilsebill]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[920 Rogeria]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[921 Jovita]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[922 Schlutia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[923 Herluga]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[924 Toni]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[925 Alphonsina]]
|[[J. Comas Sola]]
|-
|[[926 Imhilde]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[927 Ratisbona]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[928 Hildrun]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[929 Algunde]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[930 Westphalia]]
|[[W. Baade]]
|-
|[[931 Whittemora]]
|F. Gonnessiat
|-
|[[932 Hooveria]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[933 Susi]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[934 Thuringia]]
|W. Baade
|-
|[[935 Clivia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[936 Kunigunde]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[937 Bethgea]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[938 Chlosinde]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[939 Isberga]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[940 Kordula]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[941 Murray]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[942 Romilda]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[943 Begonia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[944 Hidalgo]]
|W. Baade
|-
|[[945 Barcelona]]
|J. Comas Sola
|-
|[[946 Poesia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[947 Monterosa]]
|A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[948 Jucunda]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[949 Hel]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[950 Ahrensa]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[951 Gaspra]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[952 Caia]]
|G. N. Neuimin
|-
|[[953 Painleva]]
|[[B. Žehovski]]
|-
|[[954 Li]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[955 Alstede]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[956 Elisa]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[957 Camelia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[958 Asplinda]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[959 Arne]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[960 Birgit]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[961 Gunnie]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[962 Aslog]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[963 Iduberga]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[964 Subamara]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[965 Angelica]]
|[[J. Hartmann]]
|-
|[[966 Muschi]]
|W. Baade
|-
|[[967 Helionape]]
|W. Baade
|-
|[[968 Petunia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[969 Leocadia]]
|[[Sergei Beljavski|S. Beljavski]]
|-
|[[970 Primula]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[971 Alsatia]]
|[[A. Schaumasse]]
|-
|[[972 Cohnia]]
|M. F. Wolf
|-
|[[973 Aralia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[974 Lioba]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[975 Perseverantia]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[976 Benjamina]]
|B. Žehovski
|-
|[[977 Philippa]]
|B. Žehovski
|-
|[[978 Aidamina]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[979 Ilsewa]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[980 Anacostia]]
|[[G. H. Peters]]
|-
|[[981 Martina]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[982 Franklina]]
|[[H. E. Wood]]
|-
|[[983 Gunila]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[984 Gretia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[985 Rosina]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[986 Amelia]]
|J. Comas Sola
|-
|[[987 Wallia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[988 Appella]]
|B. Žehovski
|-
|[[989 Schwassmannia]]
|A. Schwassmann
|-
|[[990 Yerkes]]
|[[G. Van Biesbroeck]]
|-
|[[991 McDonalda]]
|[[O. Struve]]
|-
|[[992 Swasey]]
|O. Struve
|-
|[[993 Moultona]]
|G. Van Biesbroeck
|-
|[[994 Otthild]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[995 Sternberga]]
|S. Beljavski
|-
|[[996 Hilaritas]]
|J. Palisa
|-
|[[997 Priska]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[998 Bodea]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[999 Zachia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|-
|[[1000 Piazzia]]
|K. Reinmuth
|}

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Jupiter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40331</id>
      <parentid>39928</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:29:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40331</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4372" sha1="te5ozcualpk1hz5qsddka6a7ihekobc" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jupiter New Horizons.jpg|thumb|331x331px]]
'''Jupiter''' yiplanethi yesihlanu yesixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyona inkulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yeplanethi : ubunzima bayo buhambelana namaxesha amabini anesiqingatha inani lazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi ezidityanisiweyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Planetary Science: The Science of Planets Around Stars|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-7503-0815-1|page=68|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihlelwa, njengeSaturn, i-Uranus kunye neNeptune, njenge -gas giant (ezimbini zokugqibela zihluke ekubeni zihlelwe kumaxesha amva nje njengeengxilimbela ezinomkhenkce ).

I-Jupiter inokwakheka okufana [[UKat|neLanga]] : enyanisweni yenziwe kakhulu yi -hydrogen kunye ne-helium enemilinganiselo emincinci yezinye iigesi ezidibeneyo, ezifana ne-ammonia i-methane kunye [[Amanzi|namanzi]] .  Kukholelwa ukuba iplanethi inesakhiwo esinemaleko amaninzi, kunye nesiseko esiqinileyo, ekucingelwa ukuba yindalo yamatye kwaye yenziwe nge [[I-carbon|-carbon]] kunye ne-silicates yentsimbi, apho i- mantle ye-metallic ye-hydrogen inobunzima kunye nesigqubuthelo esikhulu se-atmospheric  bacinezela kakhulu kuyo. 

Umoya wangaphandle ubonakaliswe ngamaqela amaninzi kunye neendawo ze-shades ezihluka ukusuka kwikhilimu ukuya kumdaka, ofakwe kwi- cyclonic kunye ne-anticyclonic formations, phakathi kwayo i- Great Red Spot ivelele. &lt;ref name=&quot;atmosphere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dynamics of Jupiter's Atmosphere|url=https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/ingersolletal-2004.pdf|publisher=Lunar &amp; Planetary Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|Ukujikeleza]] okukhawulezileyo kweplanethi kuyinika inkangeleko yespheroid ethe tyaba ezipalini  kwaye ivelise imagnethi emandla eyenza i- magnetosphere ebanzi;  ngaphezu koko, ngenxa ye- Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism, iJupiter (njengazo zonke ezinye izigebenga zerhasi) ikhupha isixa esikhulu samandla kunokuba iwafumana eLangeni   

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka okufana noko kweLanga, iJupiter kudala ithathwa njenge &quot; [[Inkwenkwezi|nkwenkwezi]] engaphumeleliyo &quot;:  eneneni kuphela ukuba ibinethuba lokunyusa ubunzima bayo ukuya kuma-75-80 amaxesha angoku  [ 2 &lt;ref name=&quot;minimum&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mass cut-off between stars and brown dwarfs revealed|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9771-mass-cutoff-between-stars-and-brown-dwarfs-revealed.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; undoqo wayo ngewube ubambe ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo ezivumayo ukuqalisa ukuhlangana kwe-hydrogen kwi-helium, nto leyo ebiya kwenza inkqubo yelanga ibe yinkqubo yeenkwenkwezi zokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;sis.solare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=An Overview of the Solar System|url=http://www.nineplanets.org/overview.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ummandla onzulu womxhuzulane kaJupiter unempembelelo kwisakhiwo sesijikelezi-langa ngokuphazamisa imijikelo yezinye iiplanethi  kwaye ngokuyinxenye “uyicoca” inkunkuma enokubetha kwezona planethi zingaphakathi. &lt;ref name=&quot;jupfri&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 giugno 2008|title=Jupiter: Friend or foe? I: the asteroids|url=https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.2795|publisher=Europlanet Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iisathelayithi ezininzi &lt;ref name=&quot;shep&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Jupiter Satellite Page|url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|publisher=Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2009-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; kunye nenkqubo yamakhonkco angabonakaliyo ajikeleza iJupiter;  isenzo esidibeneyo semimandla ye-gravitational ye-Jupiter kunye ne-Sun iphinda izinze ii-orbits zamaqela amabini e-Trojan asteroids. &lt;ref name=&quot;count&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Trojan Minor Planets|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/Trojans.html|publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isijikelezi-langa, esasisaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, siye sadlala indima enkulu kwiinkolelo zonqulo zezithethe ezininzi, kuquka amaBhabhiloni, amaGrike namaRoma, awawafanisa nomlawuli wezithixo. &lt;ref name=&quot;etymologyonline&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jupiter|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jupiter|publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isimboli yeenkwenkwezi yesijikelezi-langa (♃) luphawu olunesitayile lombane, olona phawu luphambili lwesithixo.
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>te5ozcualpk1hz5qsddka6a7ihekobc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40335</id>
      <parentid>40331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:31:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <origin>40335</origin>
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      <text bytes="4425" sha1="7v5n9l6lk8qseisoixclofpwgcwskt0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jupiter New Horizons.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IJupiter''' (uphawu: [[file:jupiter symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♃]]) yiplanethi yesihlanu yesixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyona inkulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yeplanethi : ubunzima bayo buhambelana namaxesha amabini anesiqingatha inani lazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi ezidityanisiweyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Planetary Science: The Science of Planets Around Stars|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-7503-0815-1|page=68|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihlelwa, njengeSaturn, i-Uranus kunye neNeptune, njenge -gas giant (ezimbini zokugqibela zihluke ekubeni zihlelwe kumaxesha amva nje njengeengxilimbela ezinomkhenkce ).

I-Jupiter inokwakheka okufana [[UKat|neLanga]] : enyanisweni yenziwe kakhulu yi -hydrogen kunye ne-helium enemilinganiselo emincinci yezinye iigesi ezidibeneyo, ezifana ne-ammonia i-methane kunye [[Amanzi|namanzi]] .  Kukholelwa ukuba iplanethi inesakhiwo esinemaleko amaninzi, kunye nesiseko esiqinileyo, ekucingelwa ukuba yindalo yamatye kwaye yenziwe nge [[I-carbon|-carbon]] kunye ne-silicates yentsimbi, apho i- mantle ye-metallic ye-hydrogen inobunzima kunye nesigqubuthelo esikhulu se-atmospheric  bacinezela kakhulu kuyo. 

Umoya wangaphandle ubonakaliswe ngamaqela amaninzi kunye neendawo ze-shades ezihluka ukusuka kwikhilimu ukuya kumdaka, ofakwe kwi- cyclonic kunye ne-anticyclonic formations, phakathi kwayo i- Great Red Spot ivelele. &lt;ref name=&quot;atmosphere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dynamics of Jupiter's Atmosphere|url=https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/ingersolletal-2004.pdf|publisher=Lunar &amp; Planetary Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|Ukujikeleza]] okukhawulezileyo kweplanethi kuyinika inkangeleko yespheroid ethe tyaba ezipalini  kwaye ivelise imagnethi emandla eyenza i- magnetosphere ebanzi;  ngaphezu koko, ngenxa ye- Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism, iJupiter (njengazo zonke ezinye izigebenga zerhasi) ikhupha isixa esikhulu samandla kunokuba iwafumana eLangeni   

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka okufana noko kweLanga, iJupiter kudala ithathwa njenge &quot; [[Inkwenkwezi|nkwenkwezi]] engaphumeleliyo &quot;:  eneneni kuphela ukuba ibinethuba lokunyusa ubunzima bayo ukuya kuma-75-80 amaxesha angoku  [ 2 &lt;ref name=&quot;minimum&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mass cut-off between stars and brown dwarfs revealed|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9771-mass-cutoff-between-stars-and-brown-dwarfs-revealed.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; undoqo wayo ngewube ubambe ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo ezivumayo ukuqalisa ukuhlangana kwe-hydrogen kwi-helium, nto leyo ebiya kwenza inkqubo yelanga ibe yinkqubo yeenkwenkwezi zokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;sis.solare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=An Overview of the Solar System|url=http://www.nineplanets.org/overview.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ummandla onzulu womxhuzulane kaJupiter unempembelelo kwisakhiwo sesijikelezi-langa ngokuphazamisa imijikelo yezinye iiplanethi  kwaye ngokuyinxenye “uyicoca” inkunkuma enokubetha kwezona planethi zingaphakathi. &lt;ref name=&quot;jupfri&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 giugno 2008|title=Jupiter: Friend or foe? I: the asteroids|url=https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.2795|publisher=Europlanet Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iisathelayithi ezininzi &lt;ref name=&quot;shep&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Jupiter Satellite Page|url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|publisher=Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2009-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; kunye nenkqubo yamakhonkco angabonakaliyo ajikeleza iJupiter;  isenzo esidibeneyo semimandla ye-gravitational ye-Jupiter kunye ne-Sun iphinda izinze ii-orbits zamaqela amabini e-Trojan asteroids. &lt;ref name=&quot;count&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Trojan Minor Planets|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/Trojans.html|publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isijikelezi-langa, esasisaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, siye sadlala indima enkulu kwiinkolelo zonqulo zezithethe ezininzi, kuquka amaBhabhiloni, amaGrike namaRoma, awawafanisa nomlawuli wezithixo. &lt;ref name=&quot;etymologyonline&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jupiter|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jupiter|publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isimboli yeenkwenkwezi yesijikelezi-langa (♃) luphawu olunesitayile lombane, olona phawu luphambili lwesithixo.
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>7v5n9l6lk8qseisoixclofpwgcwskt0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40373</id>
      <parentid>40335</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:09:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Jupiter]]</comment>
      <origin>40335</origin>
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      <text bytes="4425" sha1="7v5n9l6lk8qseisoixclofpwgcwskt0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jupiter New Horizons.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IJupiter''' (uphawu: [[file:jupiter symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♃]]) yiplanethi yesihlanu yesixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyona inkulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yeplanethi : ubunzima bayo buhambelana namaxesha amabini anesiqingatha inani lazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi ezidityanisiweyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Planetary Science: The Science of Planets Around Stars|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-7503-0815-1|page=68|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihlelwa, njengeSaturn, i-Uranus kunye neNeptune, njenge -gas giant (ezimbini zokugqibela zihluke ekubeni zihlelwe kumaxesha amva nje njengeengxilimbela ezinomkhenkce ).

I-Jupiter inokwakheka okufana [[UKat|neLanga]] : enyanisweni yenziwe kakhulu yi -hydrogen kunye ne-helium enemilinganiselo emincinci yezinye iigesi ezidibeneyo, ezifana ne-ammonia i-methane kunye [[Amanzi|namanzi]] .  Kukholelwa ukuba iplanethi inesakhiwo esinemaleko amaninzi, kunye nesiseko esiqinileyo, ekucingelwa ukuba yindalo yamatye kwaye yenziwe nge [[I-carbon|-carbon]] kunye ne-silicates yentsimbi, apho i- mantle ye-metallic ye-hydrogen inobunzima kunye nesigqubuthelo esikhulu se-atmospheric  bacinezela kakhulu kuyo. 

Umoya wangaphandle ubonakaliswe ngamaqela amaninzi kunye neendawo ze-shades ezihluka ukusuka kwikhilimu ukuya kumdaka, ofakwe kwi- cyclonic kunye ne-anticyclonic formations, phakathi kwayo i- Great Red Spot ivelele. &lt;ref name=&quot;atmosphere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dynamics of Jupiter's Atmosphere|url=https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/ingersolletal-2004.pdf|publisher=Lunar &amp; Planetary Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|Ukujikeleza]] okukhawulezileyo kweplanethi kuyinika inkangeleko yespheroid ethe tyaba ezipalini  kwaye ivelise imagnethi emandla eyenza i- magnetosphere ebanzi;  ngaphezu koko, ngenxa ye- Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism, iJupiter (njengazo zonke ezinye izigebenga zerhasi) ikhupha isixa esikhulu samandla kunokuba iwafumana eLangeni   

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka okufana noko kweLanga, iJupiter kudala ithathwa njenge &quot; [[Inkwenkwezi|nkwenkwezi]] engaphumeleliyo &quot;:  eneneni kuphela ukuba ibinethuba lokunyusa ubunzima bayo ukuya kuma-75-80 amaxesha angoku  [ 2 &lt;ref name=&quot;minimum&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mass cut-off between stars and brown dwarfs revealed|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9771-mass-cutoff-between-stars-and-brown-dwarfs-revealed.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; undoqo wayo ngewube ubambe ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo ezivumayo ukuqalisa ukuhlangana kwe-hydrogen kwi-helium, nto leyo ebiya kwenza inkqubo yelanga ibe yinkqubo yeenkwenkwezi zokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;sis.solare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=An Overview of the Solar System|url=http://www.nineplanets.org/overview.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ummandla onzulu womxhuzulane kaJupiter unempembelelo kwisakhiwo sesijikelezi-langa ngokuphazamisa imijikelo yezinye iiplanethi  kwaye ngokuyinxenye “uyicoca” inkunkuma enokubetha kwezona planethi zingaphakathi. &lt;ref name=&quot;jupfri&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 giugno 2008|title=Jupiter: Friend or foe? I: the asteroids|url=https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.2795|publisher=Europlanet Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iisathelayithi ezininzi &lt;ref name=&quot;shep&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Jupiter Satellite Page|url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|publisher=Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2009-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; kunye nenkqubo yamakhonkco angabonakaliyo ajikeleza iJupiter;  isenzo esidibeneyo semimandla ye-gravitational ye-Jupiter kunye ne-Sun iphinda izinze ii-orbits zamaqela amabini e-Trojan asteroids. &lt;ref name=&quot;count&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Trojan Minor Planets|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/Trojans.html|publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isijikelezi-langa, esasisaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, siye sadlala indima enkulu kwiinkolelo zonqulo zezithethe ezininzi, kuquka amaBhabhiloni, amaGrike namaRoma, awawafanisa nomlawuli wezithixo. &lt;ref name=&quot;etymologyonline&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jupiter|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jupiter|publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isimboli yeenkwenkwezi yesijikelezi-langa (♃) luphawu olunesitayile lombane, olona phawu luphambili lwesithixo.
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40393</id>
      <parentid>40373</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:14:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="4421" sha1="o0dqschv738atj1zu5e14y35430821p" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jupiter New Horizons.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Jupiter''' (uphawu: [[file:jupiter symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♃]]) yiplanethi yesihlanu yesixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyona inkulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yeplanethi : ubunzima bayo buhambelana namaxesha amabini anesiqingatha inani lazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi ezidityanisiweyo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Cole&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Planetary Science: The Science of Planets Around Stars|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-7503-0815-1|page=68|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ihlelwa, njengeSaturn, i-Uranus kunye neNeptune, njenge-gas giant (ezimbini zokugqibela zihluke ekubeni zihlelwe kumaxesha amva nje njengeengxilimbela ezinomkhenkce).

I-Jupiter inokwakheka okufana [[UKat|neLanga]] : enyanisweni yenziwe kakhulu yi -hydrogen kunye ne-helium enemilinganiselo emincinci yezinye iigesi ezidibeneyo, ezifana ne-ammonia i-methane kunye [[Amanzi|namanzi]].  Kukholelwa ukuba iplanethi inesakhiwo esinemaleko amaninzi, kunye nesiseko esiqinileyo, ekucingelwa ukuba yindalo yamatye kwaye yenziwe nge [[I-carbon|-carbon]] kunye ne-silicates yentsimbi, apho i- mantle ye-metallic ye-hydrogen inobunzima kunye nesigqubuthelo esikhulu se-atmospheric bacinezela kakhulu kuyo. 

Umoya wangaphandle ubonakaliswe ngamaqela amaninzi kunye neendawo ze-shades ezihluka ukusuka kwikhilimu ukuya kumdaka, ofakwe kwi-cyclonic kunye ne-anticyclonic formations, phakathi kwayo i- Great Red Spot ivelele. &lt;ref name=&quot;atmosphere&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Dynamics of Jupiter's Atmosphere|url=https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/ingersolletal-2004.pdf|publisher=Lunar &amp; Planetary Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|Ukujikeleza]] okukhawulezileyo kweplanethi kuyinika inkangeleko yespheroid ethe tyaba ezipalini  kwaye ivelise imagnethi emandla eyenza i- magnetosphere ebanzi;  ngaphezu koko, ngenxa ye-Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism, i-Jupiter (njengazo zonke ezinye izigebenga zerhasi) ikhupha isixa esikhulu samandla kunokuba iwafumana eLangeni   

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka okufana noko kweLanga, iJupiter kudala ithathwa njenge &quot; [[Inkwenkwezi|nkwenkwezi]] engaphumeleliyo &quot;:  eneneni kuphela ukuba ibinethuba lokunyusa ubunzima bayo ukuya kuma-75-80 amaxesha angoku  [ 2 &lt;ref name=&quot;minimum&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mass cut-off between stars and brown dwarfs revealed|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9771-mass-cutoff-between-stars-and-brown-dwarfs-revealed.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; undoqo wayo ngewube ubambe ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo ezivumayo ukuqalisa ukuhlangana kwe-hydrogen kwi-helium, nto leyo ebiya kwenza inkqubo yelanga ibe yinkqubo yeenkwenkwezi zokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;sis.solare&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=An Overview of the Solar System|url=http://www.nineplanets.org/overview.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ummandla onzulu womxhuzulane kaJupiter unempembelelo kwisakhiwo sesijikelezi-langa ngokuphazamisa imijikelo yezinye iiplanethi  kwaye ngokuyinxenye “uyicoca” inkunkuma enokubetha kwezona planethi zingaphakathi. &lt;ref name=&quot;jupfri&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 giugno 2008|title=Jupiter: Friend or foe? I: the asteroids|url=https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.2795|publisher=Europlanet Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iisathelayithi ezininzi &lt;ref name=&quot;shep&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Jupiter Satellite Page|url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|publisher=Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2009-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; kunye nenkqubo yamakhonkco angabonakaliyo ajikeleza iJupiter;  isenzo esidibeneyo semimandla ye-gravitational ye-Jupiter kunye ne-Sun iphinda izinze ii-orbits zamaqela amabini e-Trojan asteroids. &lt;ref name=&quot;count&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Trojan Minor Planets|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/Trojans.html|publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isijikelezi-langa, esasisaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, siye sadlala indima enkulu kwiinkolelo zonqulo zezithethe ezininzi, kuquka amaBhabhiloni, amaGrike namaRoma, awawafanisa nomlawuli wezithixo. &lt;ref name=&quot;etymologyonline&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jupiter|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jupiter|publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isimboli yeenkwenkwezi yesijikelezi-langa (♃) luphawu olunesitayile lombane, olona phawu luphambili lwesithixo.
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>I-Saturn</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:29:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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'''ISaturn''' yiplanethi yesithandathu kwinkqubo yelanga ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyesibini iplanethi enkulu emva [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|kweJupiter]] . Inomlinganiselo weradiyasi ka-9.48 wamaxesha oMhlaba kunye nobunzima obuphindwe ka-95 kunobo boMhlaba . ISaturn, eneJupiter, Uranus, kunye neNeptune, ihlelwa njengesigebenga segesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Compared to Earth|url=https://www.universetoday.com/24161/saturn-compared-to-earth/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eli gama lithatyathwe kuthixo wentsomi waseRoma obizwa ngegama elifana nqwa negama lesiGrike elithi Cronus.  

I-Saturn yenziwe nge-95% ye-hydrogen kunye ne-3% ye-helium elandelwa zezinye izinto. Undoqo, oquka i-silicates kunye nemikhenkce, ujikelezwe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-metallic hydrogen kwaye emva koko umaleko ongaphandle onegesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=ottobre 2004|title=Characteristics of Saturn|url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html|publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imimoya kwi-atmosphere yeSaturn inokufikelela kwi zikhawuleza kakhulu kunezo zikuJupiter kwaye zicotha kancinci kunezo zivuthela kwi-atmosfera yeNeptune. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nettuno|url=http://www.brera.inaf.it/~covino/DVG/planetv/1/L15_07S.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Saturn inenkqubo ebanzi kunye necacileyo yeendandatho ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala amaqhekeza e-ice kunye nothuli lwe-silicate. Ngeenyanga zayo ze-146 ezaziwayo, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/overview?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;placeholder=Enter+moon+name&amp;condition_1=38:parent_id&amp;condition_2=moon:body_type:ilike}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn's moon|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iSaturn ibambe irekhodi lelona nani likhulu lesathelayithi kwinkqubo yelanga. Kwezi, i-Titan yeyona nyanga inkulu kwaye ikuphela kwenyanga kwisixokelelwano selanga ukuba ibe nomoya obalulekileyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Features - The Story of Saturn|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413004331/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40333</id>
      <parentid>40332</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:30:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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'''ISaturn''' (uphawu: [[file:saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]) yiplanethi yesithandathu kwinkqubo yelanga ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyesibini iplanethi enkulu emva [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|kweJupiter]] . Inomlinganiselo weradiyasi ka-9.48 wamaxesha oMhlaba kunye nobunzima obuphindwe ka-95 kunobo boMhlaba . ISaturn, eneJupiter, Uranus, kunye neNeptune, ihlelwa njengesigebenga segesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Compared to Earth|url=https://www.universetoday.com/24161/saturn-compared-to-earth/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eli gama lithatyathwe kuthixo wentsomi waseRoma obizwa ngegama elifana nqwa negama lesiGrike elithi Cronus.  

I-Saturn yenziwe nge-95% ye-hydrogen kunye ne-3% ye-helium elandelwa zezinye izinto. Undoqo, oquka i-silicates kunye nemikhenkce, ujikelezwe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-metallic hydrogen kwaye emva koko umaleko ongaphandle onegesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=ottobre 2004|title=Characteristics of Saturn|url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html|publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imimoya kwi-atmosphere yeSaturn inokufikelela kwi zikhawuleza kakhulu kunezo zikuJupiter kwaye zicotha kancinci kunezo zivuthela kwi-atmosfera yeNeptune. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nettuno|url=http://www.brera.inaf.it/~covino/DVG/planetv/1/L15_07S.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Saturn inenkqubo ebanzi kunye necacileyo yeendandatho ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala amaqhekeza e-ice kunye nothuli lwe-silicate. Ngeenyanga zayo ze-146 ezaziwayo, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/overview?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;placeholder=Enter+moon+name&amp;condition_1=38:parent_id&amp;condition_2=moon:body_type:ilike}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn's moon|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iSaturn ibambe irekhodi lelona nani likhulu lesathelayithi kwinkqubo yelanga. Kwezi, i-Titan yeyona nyanga inkulu kwaye ikuphela kwenyanga kwisixokelelwano selanga ukuba ibe nomoya obalulekileyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Features - The Story of Saturn|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413004331/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40334</id>
      <parentid>40333</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:30:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
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'''ISaturn''' (uphawu: [[file:saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]) yiplanethi yesithandathu kwinkqubo yelanga ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyesibini iplanethi enkulu emva [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|kweJupiter]] . Inomlinganiselo weradiyasi ka-9.48 wamaxesha oMhlaba kunye nobunzima obuphindwe ka-95 kunobo boMhlaba . ISaturn, eneJupiter, Uranus, kunye neNeptune, ihlelwa njengesigebenga segesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Compared to Earth|url=https://www.universetoday.com/24161/saturn-compared-to-earth/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eli gama lithatyathwe kuthixo wentsomi waseRoma obizwa ngegama elifana nqwa negama lesiGrike elithi Cronus.  

I-Saturn yenziwe nge-95% ye-hydrogen kunye ne-3% ye-helium elandelwa zezinye izinto. Undoqo, oquka i-silicates kunye nemikhenkce, ujikelezwe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-metallic hydrogen kwaye emva koko umaleko ongaphandle onegesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=ottobre 2004|title=Characteristics of Saturn|url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html|publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imimoya kwi-atmosphere yeSaturn inokufikelela kwi zikhawuleza kakhulu kunezo zikuJupiter kwaye zicotha kancinci kunezo zivuthela kwi-atmosfera yeNeptune. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nettuno|url=http://www.brera.inaf.it/~covino/DVG/planetv/1/L15_07S.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Saturn inenkqubo ebanzi kunye necacileyo yeendandatho ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala amaqhekeza e-ice kunye nothuli lwe-silicate. Ngeenyanga zayo ze-146 ezaziwayo, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/overview?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;placeholder=Enter+moon+name&amp;condition_1=38:parent_id&amp;condition_2=moon:body_type:ilike}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn's moon|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iSaturn ibambe irekhodi lelona nani likhulu lesathelayithi kwinkqubo yelanga. Kwezi, i-Titan yeyona nyanga inkulu kwaye ikuphela kwenyanga kwisixokelelwano selanga ukuba ibe nomoya obalulekileyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Features - The Story of Saturn|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413004331/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>84xyyvwcj4k05mdvt9xd4ofcky7gb1x</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>40387</id>
      <parentid>40334</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Saturn]]</comment>
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'''ISaturn''' (uphawu: [[file:saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]) yiplanethi yesithandathu kwinkqubo yelanga ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyesibini iplanethi enkulu emva [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|kweJupiter]] . Inomlinganiselo weradiyasi ka-9.48 wamaxesha oMhlaba kunye nobunzima obuphindwe ka-95 kunobo boMhlaba . ISaturn, eneJupiter, Uranus, kunye neNeptune, ihlelwa njengesigebenga segesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Compared to Earth|url=https://www.universetoday.com/24161/saturn-compared-to-earth/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eli gama lithatyathwe kuthixo wentsomi waseRoma obizwa ngegama elifana nqwa negama lesiGrike elithi Cronus.  

I-Saturn yenziwe nge-95% ye-hydrogen kunye ne-3% ye-helium elandelwa zezinye izinto. Undoqo, oquka i-silicates kunye nemikhenkce, ujikelezwe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-metallic hydrogen kwaye emva koko umaleko ongaphandle onegesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=ottobre 2004|title=Characteristics of Saturn|url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html|publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imimoya kwi-atmosphere yeSaturn inokufikelela kwi zikhawuleza kakhulu kunezo zikuJupiter kwaye zicotha kancinci kunezo zivuthela kwi-atmosfera yeNeptune. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nettuno|url=http://www.brera.inaf.it/~covino/DVG/planetv/1/L15_07S.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Saturn inenkqubo ebanzi kunye necacileyo yeendandatho ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala amaqhekeza e-ice kunye nothuli lwe-silicate. Ngeenyanga zayo ze-146 ezaziwayo, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/overview?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;placeholder=Enter+moon+name&amp;condition_1=38:parent_id&amp;condition_2=moon:body_type:ilike}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn's moon|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iSaturn ibambe irekhodi lelona nani likhulu lesathelayithi kwinkqubo yelanga. Kwezi, i-Titan yeyona nyanga inkulu kwaye ikuphela kwenyanga kwisixokelelwano selanga ukuba ibe nomoya obalulekileyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Features - The Story of Saturn|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413004331/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>84xyyvwcj4k05mdvt9xd4ofcky7gb1x</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>40399</id>
      <parentid>40387</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:17:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
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'''I-Saturn''' (uphawu: [[file:saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]) yiplanethi yesithandathu kwinkqubo yelanga ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] kunye neyesibini iplanethi enkulu emva [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|kweJupiter]] . Inomlinganiselo weradiyasi ka-9.48 wamaxesha oMhlaba kunye nobunzima obuphindwe ka-95 kunobo boMhlaba . ISaturn, eneJupiter, Uranus, kunye neNeptune, ihlelwa njengesigebenga segesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Compared to Earth|url=https://www.universetoday.com/24161/saturn-compared-to-earth/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eli gama lithatyathwe kuthixo wentsomi waseRoma obizwa ngegama elifana nqwa negama lesiGrike elithi Cronus.  

I-Saturn yenziwe nge-95% ye-hydrogen kunye ne-3% ye-helium elandelwa zezinye izinto. Undoqo, oquka i-silicates kunye nemikhenkce, ujikelezwe ngumaleko oshinyeneyo we-metallic hydrogen kwaye emva koko umaleko ongaphandle onegesi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=ottobre 2004|title=Characteristics of Saturn|url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html|publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imimoya kwi-atmosphere yeSaturn inokufikelela kwi zikhawuleza kakhulu kunezo zikuJupiter kwaye zicotha kancinci kunezo zivuthela kwi-atmosfera yeNeptune. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nettuno|url=http://www.brera.inaf.it/~covino/DVG/planetv/1/L15_07S.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Saturn inenkqubo ebanzi kunye necacileyo yeendandatho ezibandakanya ubukhulu becala amaqhekeza e-ice kunye nothuli lwe-silicate. Ngeenyanga zayo ze-146 ezaziwayo, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/overview?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;placeholder=Enter+moon+name&amp;condition_1=38:parent_id&amp;condition_2=moon:body_type:ilike}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Saturn's moon|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/science/moons/|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; iSaturn ibambe irekhodi lelona nani likhulu lesathelayithi kwinkqubo yelanga. Kwezi, i-Titan yeyona nyanga inkulu kwaye ikuphela kwenyanga kwisixokelelwano selanga ukuba ibe nomoya obalulekileyo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Features - The Story of Saturn|url=https://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|publisher=[[NASA]]|language=en|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413004331/http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features/saturn-story/moons.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9hupx7d788fmyfed8yge6kkiz8tguzf</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>I-Uranus</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:28:42Z</timestamp>
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'''I-Uranus''' yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>gnvmsao7yy8n382qqerrqzfq9j61sp9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40336</id>
      <parentid>40330</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:32:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40336</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4592" sha1="ahlbwjf3xicqrq96q1c9ovsm9rxzg68" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Uranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye (uphawu: [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>ahlbwjf3xicqrq96q1c9ovsm9rxzg68</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40337</id>
      <parentid>40336</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:32:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40337</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4583" sha1="rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Uranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40347</id>
      <parentid>40337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:37:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[I-Uranus (i-astronomy)]] to [[IUranus (i-astronomy)]]</comment>
      <origin>40337</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4583" sha1="rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Uranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40349</id>
      <parentid>40347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:37:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40349</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4582" sha1="9xsq8o9sg91kup1b6y71rn7067jj17l" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IUranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9xsq8o9sg91kup1b6y71rn7067jj17l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40389</id>
      <parentid>40349</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IUranus (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Uranus]]</comment>
      <origin>40349</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4582" sha1="9xsq8o9sg91kup1b6y71rn7067jj17l" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''IUranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>9xsq8o9sg91kup1b6y71rn7067jj17l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40400</id>
      <parentid>40389</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:17:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40400</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4583" sha1="rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Uranus as seen by NASA's Voyager 2 (remastered) - JPEG converted.jpg|thumb|]]
'''I-Uranus''' (uphawu: [[file:uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] okanye [[file:uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]) yiplanethi yesixhenxe kwisixokelelwano selanga ngokulandelelana komgama ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]], okwesithathu ububanzi kunye nesine ngobukhulu. Inegama lothixo wamaGrike wesibhakabhaka u-Uranus (Οὐρανός ngesiGrike samandulo), uyise kaCronus (Saturn), owaba nguyise kaZeus (Jupiter).

Nangona ibonakala ngeliso lenyama, njengezinye iiplanethi ezintlanu ezaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, de kwayinkulungwane ye-18 ayizange iqatshelwe njengeyona nto kwaye ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okuphantsi kunye ne- orbit yayo ecothayo ngokukodwa &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/101/text/txt001x.htm|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; kwaye yachongwa. njengayo nantoni na ngaphandle kwenkwenkwezi kuphela ngoMatshi 13, 1781 nguWilliam Herschel . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Herschel e la scoperta di Urano nel marzo 1781|url=https://www.geopop.it/herschel-e-la-scoperta-di-urano-nel-marzo-1781/|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukufuna ukwazi malunga nokufunyanwa kwakhe kukuba kwafika ngokungalindelekanga: iiplanethi ezibonakalayo kwiso lenyama (ukuya [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|kuSaturn]] ) zaziwa iminyaka eyiwaka kwaye akukho mntu ukrokrela ubukho bezinye iiplanethi, de kwafunyanwa uHerschel, owaqaphela ukuba inkwenkwezi ethile ye-dim. yabonakala ishukuma. Ukususela ngaloo mzuzu ukuya phambili, akukho mntu wayeqinisekile ngenani lokwenyani leeplanethi ezikwisijikelezi-langa sethu. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-Uranus kufana neNeptune kodwa ihluke kwi- giants enkulu yegesi (iJupiter kunye neSaturn). Ngenxa yesi sizathu izazi ngeenkwenkwezi maxa wambi zikhetha ukubhekisa kwi-Uranus neNeptune njengodidi olwahlukileyo, &quot; iingxilimbela zomkhenkce &quot;. Umoya weplanethi, nangona ufana noJupiter kunye neSaturn ngenxa yobuninzi be -hydrogen kunye ne-helium, iqulethe umlinganiselo ophezulu we &quot;ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], i- ammonia kunye ne-methane, kunye neempawu ze- hydrocarbons .  I-Uranus ikwayeyona ndawo ibanda kakhulu kwisixokelelwano selanga, kunye nobushushu obuncinci obunokwehla ukuya kutsho {{Convert|49|K|C}} . [[Amafu|Inelifu]] elintsonkothileyo, elilungelelaniswe kakuhle, apho kucingelwa ukuba [[amanzi]] afumaneka kumaleko asezantsi kunye nemethane kwezo ziphezulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;Lunine1993&quot; /&gt; Umbindi weplanethi, kwelinye icala, ubunokubunjwa ikakhulu ngumkhenkce namatye . 

Enye yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zeplanethi kukujongwa kwe [[Ukujikeleza ndawonye|-axis yayo yokujikeleza]] . Zonke ezinye iiplanethi zine-axis yazo ephantse ibe yi-perpendicular kwinqwelomoya ye-orbit, ngelixa i-Uranus iphantse yahambelana. Ngoko ke iyajikeleza, iveze enye yezibonda zayo [[UKat|eLangeni]] kangangesiqingatha sexesha loguquko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqityweni kwezigaba zonyaka.  Ngaphaya koko, ekubeni i-axis ithambekele nge-98 °, &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-05|title=Ritorno ai giganti azzurri|url=https://www.iltascabile.com/scienze/urano-nettuno/|language=it-IT}}&lt;/ref&gt; ukujikeleza kukubuyela umva ngokobuchwephesha: I-Uranus ijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo xa ithelekiswa naleyo yazo zonke ezinye iiplanethi zesixokelelwano selanga (ngaphandle [[IVenus|kweVenus]] ) nokuba, kunikwe uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwendalo. ukuthambeka, ukujikelezisa umva linqaku elincinci kuphela. Ixesha lokujikeleza kwayo [[UKat|kwiLanga]] limalunga nama-84 eminyaka yoMhlaba. I-orbit ye-Uranus yohluke kancinane kakhulu kwi- ecliptic (inotyekelo lwe-0.7 °).

Njengezinye iiplanethi ezinkulu, i-Uranus inenkqubo yeringi yeplanethi, i- magnetosphere, kunye neesathelayithi ezininzi; ijongwa ukusuka eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthambeka kweplanethi, amakhonkco ayo ngamanye amaxesha angabonakala njengenkqubo egxininisekileyo ejikeleze iplanethi, okanye, njengoko ngo -2007 kunye no -2008, avele edge-on. Ngo- 1986 i- Voyager 2 probe yabonisa i-Uranus njengeplanethi engenazo naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukileyo kumphezulu wayo, ngaphandle kwamabhanti kunye nezaqhwithi eziqhelekileyo zezinye iingxilimbela zegesi.  Nangona kunjalo, uqwalaselo olwalandelayo oluvela eMhlabeni lubonise ubungqina bokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka kunye nokwanda komsebenzi wemozulu njengoko iplanethi isondela kwi- equinox .
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>rarmw2ebursnuy8k2x4c6mbc2b4ytrm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Neptune</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40328</id>
      <parentid>36163</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:27:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40328</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3750" sha1="rhu8diqgt423ygrcw6cd3zwigtc49y3" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated, brightened.png|thumb]]
'''INeptune''' yiplanethi yesibhozo kunye neyona ikude kwiSolar System ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni.]] Yiplanethi yesine ngobukhulu, ngokuqwalasela ububanzi bayo, kunye neyesithathu ngobukhulu ukuba iqwalasela ubunzima bayo. INeptune inobunzima obuphindwe ka-17 kuMhlaba kwaye inkulu kancinane kunewele layo i- Uranus, ubunzima bayo bulingana ne-15 yobunzima boMhlaba, kodwa ixinene kancinane kuneNeptune.  

Ifunyanwe ngorhatya lwe-23 kaSeptemba 1846 nguJohann Gottfried Galle, kunye neteleskopu yeBerlin Astronomical Observatory, kunye noHeinrich Louis d'Arrest, umfundi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi owamncedayo, INeptune yaba yiplanethi yokuqala ukufunyanwa ngayo. izibalo zemathematika kunokuphononongwa rhoqo: utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwi-orbit ye-Uranus yabangela ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikholelwe ukuba kukho, ngaphandle, iplanethi engaziwayo eyayiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwayo. Isijikelezi-langa sifunyenwe kwiqondo elinye nje lendawo eqikelelweyo. Inyanga iTriton yabhaqwa kamsinya emva koko, kodwa akukho nanye kwiisathelayithi zendalo ezilishumi elinesithathu zeNeptune eyafunyanwa phambi kwenkulungwane yama-20 . Isijikelezi-langa sikhe satyelelwa sisithukuthezi esinye kuphela, ''iVoyager 2'', eyadlula kufutshane naso ngo-Agasti 25, 1989.

I-Neptune inokwakheka okufanayo kunye ne-Uranus kwaye zombini ineengqungquthela ezahlukileyo kwiiplanethi ezinkulu zegesi [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|iJupiter]] kunye [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|neSaturn]] . Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngamanye amaxesha bahlelwa kudidi olwahlukileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi  &quot;frost giants &quot;. Umoya weNeptune, nangona ufana nezo zombini iJupiter kunye neSaturn ekuyilwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, ikwanomlinganiselo omkhulu &quot;we ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], ammonia kunye ne methane, kunye nezalathi zehydrocarbons mhlawumbi nenitrogen.&lt;ref name=&quot;atmo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ARA%26A..31..217L&amp;data_type=PDF_HIGH&amp;whole_paper=YES&amp;type=PRINTER&amp;filetype=.pdf|publisher=Lunar and Planetary Observatory, University of Arizona}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwahlukileyo, ingaphakathi leplanethi liqulunqwe ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye njenge-Uranus.  Imitha yemethane ekhoyo kumaleko angaphandle omoya inegalelo ekunikeni isijikelezi-langa iNeptune uphawu lwaso lombala ozuba kakhulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;bluecolour&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 novembre 2007|title=Neptune overview|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INeptune inomoya onamandla kunayo nayiphi na iplanethi kwiSolar System. Izantya ezingaphaya kwama zilinganisiwe.  Ngexesha le-Voyager 2 's flyby ngo-1989, i-hemisphere esezantsi yeplanethi yayineNdawo Enkulu Emnyama efana ne-Jupiter's Great Red Spot ; ubushushu bawona mafu aphakamileyo eNeptune babumalunga no, enye yezona ndawo zibandayo kwiSolar System, ngenxa yomgama omde ukusuka eLangeni. Iqondo lobushushu kumbindi weplanethi limalunga nama-7000&amp;nbsp;°C, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomphezulu beLanga kunye nelo londoqo wezinye iiplanethi ezininzi ezaziwayo. Iplanethi kwakhona inesixokelelwano seringi esityhafileyo, esafunyanwa ngoo-1960 kodwa siqinisekiswa kuphela yiVoyager 2. &lt;ref name=&quot;ring1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 giugno 1982|title=Data Shows 2 Rings Circling Neptune|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&amp;res=950DE3D71F38F933A25755C0A964948260&amp;n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>rhu8diqgt423ygrcw6cd3zwigtc49y3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40329</id>
      <parentid>40328</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:27:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40329</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3811" sha1="c7a67wh1nen3fwa22hb6kd9j7yhy58v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated, brightened.png|thumb]]
'''INeptune''' (uphawu: [[file:neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♆]]) yiplanethi yesibhozo kunye neyona ikude kwiSolar System ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni.]] Yiplanethi yesine ngobukhulu, ngokuqwalasela ububanzi bayo, kunye neyesithathu ngobukhulu ukuba iqwalasela ubunzima bayo. INeptune inobunzima obuphindwe ka-17 kuMhlaba kwaye inkulu kancinane kunewele layo i- Uranus, ubunzima bayo bulingana ne-15 yobunzima boMhlaba, kodwa ixinene kancinane kuneNeptune.  

Ifunyanwe ngorhatya lwe-23 kaSeptemba 1846 nguJohann Gottfried Galle, kunye neteleskopu yeBerlin Astronomical Observatory, kunye noHeinrich Louis d'Arrest, umfundi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi owamncedayo, INeptune yaba yiplanethi yokuqala ukufunyanwa ngayo. izibalo zemathematika kunokuphononongwa rhoqo: utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwi-orbit ye-Uranus yabangela ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikholelwe ukuba kukho, ngaphandle, iplanethi engaziwayo eyayiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwayo. Isijikelezi-langa sifunyenwe kwiqondo elinye nje lendawo eqikelelweyo. Inyanga iTriton yabhaqwa kamsinya emva koko, kodwa akukho nanye kwiisathelayithi zendalo ezilishumi elinesithathu zeNeptune eyafunyanwa phambi kwenkulungwane yama-20 . Isijikelezi-langa sikhe satyelelwa sisithukuthezi esinye kuphela, ''iVoyager 2'', eyadlula kufutshane naso ngo-Agasti 25, 1989.

I-Neptune inokwakheka okufanayo kunye ne-Uranus kwaye zombini ineengqungquthela ezahlukileyo kwiiplanethi ezinkulu zegesi [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|iJupiter]] kunye [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|neSaturn]] . Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngamanye amaxesha bahlelwa kudidi olwahlukileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi  &quot;frost giants &quot;. Umoya weNeptune, nangona ufana nezo zombini iJupiter kunye neSaturn ekuyilwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, ikwanomlinganiselo omkhulu &quot;we ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], ammonia kunye ne methane, kunye nezalathi zehydrocarbons mhlawumbi nenitrogen.&lt;ref name=&quot;atmo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ARA%26A..31..217L&amp;data_type=PDF_HIGH&amp;whole_paper=YES&amp;type=PRINTER&amp;filetype=.pdf|publisher=Lunar and Planetary Observatory, University of Arizona}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwahlukileyo, ingaphakathi leplanethi liqulunqwe ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye njenge-Uranus.  Imitha yemethane ekhoyo kumaleko angaphandle omoya inegalelo ekunikeni isijikelezi-langa iNeptune uphawu lwaso lombala ozuba kakhulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;bluecolour&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 novembre 2007|title=Neptune overview|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INeptune inomoya onamandla kunayo nayiphi na iplanethi kwiSolar System. Izantya ezingaphaya kwama zilinganisiwe.  Ngexesha le-Voyager 2 's flyby ngo-1989, i-hemisphere esezantsi yeplanethi yayineNdawo Enkulu Emnyama efana ne-Jupiter's Great Red Spot ; ubushushu bawona mafu aphakamileyo eNeptune babumalunga no, enye yezona ndawo zibandayo kwiSolar System, ngenxa yomgama omde ukusuka eLangeni. Iqondo lobushushu kumbindi weplanethi limalunga nama-7000&amp;nbsp;°C, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomphezulu beLanga kunye nelo londoqo wezinye iiplanethi ezininzi ezaziwayo. Iplanethi kwakhona inesixokelelwano seringi esityhafileyo, esafunyanwa ngoo-1960 kodwa siqinisekiswa kuphela yiVoyager 2. &lt;ref name=&quot;ring1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 giugno 1982|title=Data Shows 2 Rings Circling Neptune|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&amp;res=950DE3D71F38F933A25755C0A964948260&amp;n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>c7a67wh1nen3fwa22hb6kd9j7yhy58v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40355</id>
      <parentid>40329</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:42:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[Neptune (i-astronomy)]] to [[INeptune (i-astronomy)]]</comment>
      <origin>40329</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3811" sha1="c7a67wh1nen3fwa22hb6kd9j7yhy58v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated, brightened.png|thumb]]
'''INeptune''' (uphawu: [[file:neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♆]]) yiplanethi yesibhozo kunye neyona ikude kwiSolar System ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni.]] Yiplanethi yesine ngobukhulu, ngokuqwalasela ububanzi bayo, kunye neyesithathu ngobukhulu ukuba iqwalasela ubunzima bayo. INeptune inobunzima obuphindwe ka-17 kuMhlaba kwaye inkulu kancinane kunewele layo i- Uranus, ubunzima bayo bulingana ne-15 yobunzima boMhlaba, kodwa ixinene kancinane kuneNeptune.  

Ifunyanwe ngorhatya lwe-23 kaSeptemba 1846 nguJohann Gottfried Galle, kunye neteleskopu yeBerlin Astronomical Observatory, kunye noHeinrich Louis d'Arrest, umfundi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi owamncedayo, INeptune yaba yiplanethi yokuqala ukufunyanwa ngayo. izibalo zemathematika kunokuphononongwa rhoqo: utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwi-orbit ye-Uranus yabangela ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikholelwe ukuba kukho, ngaphandle, iplanethi engaziwayo eyayiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwayo. Isijikelezi-langa sifunyenwe kwiqondo elinye nje lendawo eqikelelweyo. Inyanga iTriton yabhaqwa kamsinya emva koko, kodwa akukho nanye kwiisathelayithi zendalo ezilishumi elinesithathu zeNeptune eyafunyanwa phambi kwenkulungwane yama-20 . Isijikelezi-langa sikhe satyelelwa sisithukuthezi esinye kuphela, ''iVoyager 2'', eyadlula kufutshane naso ngo-Agasti 25, 1989.

I-Neptune inokwakheka okufanayo kunye ne-Uranus kwaye zombini ineengqungquthela ezahlukileyo kwiiplanethi ezinkulu zegesi [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|iJupiter]] kunye [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|neSaturn]] . Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngamanye amaxesha bahlelwa kudidi olwahlukileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi  &quot;frost giants &quot;. Umoya weNeptune, nangona ufana nezo zombini iJupiter kunye neSaturn ekuyilwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, ikwanomlinganiselo omkhulu &quot;we ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], ammonia kunye ne methane, kunye nezalathi zehydrocarbons mhlawumbi nenitrogen.&lt;ref name=&quot;atmo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ARA%26A..31..217L&amp;data_type=PDF_HIGH&amp;whole_paper=YES&amp;type=PRINTER&amp;filetype=.pdf|publisher=Lunar and Planetary Observatory, University of Arizona}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwahlukileyo, ingaphakathi leplanethi liqulunqwe ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye njenge-Uranus.  Imitha yemethane ekhoyo kumaleko angaphandle omoya inegalelo ekunikeni isijikelezi-langa iNeptune uphawu lwaso lombala ozuba kakhulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;bluecolour&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 novembre 2007|title=Neptune overview|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INeptune inomoya onamandla kunayo nayiphi na iplanethi kwiSolar System. Izantya ezingaphaya kwama zilinganisiwe.  Ngexesha le-Voyager 2 's flyby ngo-1989, i-hemisphere esezantsi yeplanethi yayineNdawo Enkulu Emnyama efana ne-Jupiter's Great Red Spot ; ubushushu bawona mafu aphakamileyo eNeptune babumalunga no, enye yezona ndawo zibandayo kwiSolar System, ngenxa yomgama omde ukusuka eLangeni. Iqondo lobushushu kumbindi weplanethi limalunga nama-7000&amp;nbsp;°C, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomphezulu beLanga kunye nelo londoqo wezinye iiplanethi ezininzi ezaziwayo. Iplanethi kwakhona inesixokelelwano seringi esityhafileyo, esafunyanwa ngoo-1960 kodwa siqinisekiswa kuphela yiVoyager 2. &lt;ref name=&quot;ring1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 giugno 1982|title=Data Shows 2 Rings Circling Neptune|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&amp;res=950DE3D71F38F933A25755C0A964948260&amp;n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
      <sha1>c7a67wh1nen3fwa22hb6kd9j7yhy58v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40383</id>
      <parentid>40355</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[INeptune (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Neptune]]</comment>
      <origin>40329</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3811" sha1="c7a67wh1nen3fwa22hb6kd9j7yhy58v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated, brightened.png|thumb]]
'''INeptune''' (uphawu: [[file:neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♆]]) yiplanethi yesibhozo kunye neyona ikude kwiSolar System ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni.]] Yiplanethi yesine ngobukhulu, ngokuqwalasela ububanzi bayo, kunye neyesithathu ngobukhulu ukuba iqwalasela ubunzima bayo. INeptune inobunzima obuphindwe ka-17 kuMhlaba kwaye inkulu kancinane kunewele layo i- Uranus, ubunzima bayo bulingana ne-15 yobunzima boMhlaba, kodwa ixinene kancinane kuneNeptune.  

Ifunyanwe ngorhatya lwe-23 kaSeptemba 1846 nguJohann Gottfried Galle, kunye neteleskopu yeBerlin Astronomical Observatory, kunye noHeinrich Louis d'Arrest, umfundi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi owamncedayo, INeptune yaba yiplanethi yokuqala ukufunyanwa ngayo. izibalo zemathematika kunokuphononongwa rhoqo: utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwi-orbit ye-Uranus yabangela ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikholelwe ukuba kukho, ngaphandle, iplanethi engaziwayo eyayiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwayo. Isijikelezi-langa sifunyenwe kwiqondo elinye nje lendawo eqikelelweyo. Inyanga iTriton yabhaqwa kamsinya emva koko, kodwa akukho nanye kwiisathelayithi zendalo ezilishumi elinesithathu zeNeptune eyafunyanwa phambi kwenkulungwane yama-20 . Isijikelezi-langa sikhe satyelelwa sisithukuthezi esinye kuphela, ''iVoyager 2'', eyadlula kufutshane naso ngo-Agasti 25, 1989.

I-Neptune inokwakheka okufanayo kunye ne-Uranus kwaye zombini ineengqungquthela ezahlukileyo kwiiplanethi ezinkulu zegesi [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|iJupiter]] kunye [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|neSaturn]] . Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngamanye amaxesha bahlelwa kudidi olwahlukileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi  &quot;frost giants &quot;. Umoya weNeptune, nangona ufana nezo zombini iJupiter kunye neSaturn ekuyilwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, ikwanomlinganiselo omkhulu &quot;we ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], ammonia kunye ne methane, kunye nezalathi zehydrocarbons mhlawumbi nenitrogen.&lt;ref name=&quot;atmo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ARA%26A..31..217L&amp;data_type=PDF_HIGH&amp;whole_paper=YES&amp;type=PRINTER&amp;filetype=.pdf|publisher=Lunar and Planetary Observatory, University of Arizona}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwahlukileyo, ingaphakathi leplanethi liqulunqwe ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye njenge-Uranus.  Imitha yemethane ekhoyo kumaleko angaphandle omoya inegalelo ekunikeni isijikelezi-langa iNeptune uphawu lwaso lombala ozuba kakhulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;bluecolour&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 novembre 2007|title=Neptune overview|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INeptune inomoya onamandla kunayo nayiphi na iplanethi kwiSolar System. Izantya ezingaphaya kwama zilinganisiwe.  Ngexesha le-Voyager 2 's flyby ngo-1989, i-hemisphere esezantsi yeplanethi yayineNdawo Enkulu Emnyama efana ne-Jupiter's Great Red Spot ; ubushushu bawona mafu aphakamileyo eNeptune babumalunga no, enye yezona ndawo zibandayo kwiSolar System, ngenxa yomgama omde ukusuka eLangeni. Iqondo lobushushu kumbindi weplanethi limalunga nama-7000&amp;nbsp;°C, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomphezulu beLanga kunye nelo londoqo wezinye iiplanethi ezininzi ezaziwayo. Iplanethi kwakhona inesixokelelwano seringi esityhafileyo, esafunyanwa ngoo-1960 kodwa siqinisekiswa kuphela yiVoyager 2. &lt;ref name=&quot;ring1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 giugno 1982|title=Data Shows 2 Rings Circling Neptune|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&amp;res=950DE3D71F38F933A25755C0A964948260&amp;n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40397</id>
      <parentid>40383</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:16:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="3812" sha1="4i4ibuwycmjjuw6z8zjaff3dkwsy6o4" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated, brightened.png|thumb]]
'''I-Neptune''' (uphawu: [[file:neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♆]]) yiplanethi yesibhozo kunye neyona ikude kwiSolar System ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni.]] Yiplanethi yesine ngobukhulu, ngokuqwalasela ububanzi bayo, kunye neyesithathu ngobukhulu ukuba iqwalasela ubunzima bayo. INeptune inobunzima obuphindwe ka-17 kuMhlaba kwaye inkulu kancinane kunewele layo i- Uranus, ubunzima bayo bulingana ne-15 yobunzima boMhlaba, kodwa ixinene kancinane kuneNeptune.  

Ifunyanwe ngorhatya lwe-23 kaSeptemba 1846 nguJohann Gottfried Galle, kunye neteleskopu yeBerlin Astronomical Observatory, kunye noHeinrich Louis d'Arrest, umfundi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi owamncedayo, INeptune yaba yiplanethi yokuqala ukufunyanwa ngayo. izibalo zemathematika kunokuphononongwa rhoqo: utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwi-orbit ye-Uranus yabangela ukuba izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zikholelwe ukuba kukho, ngaphandle, iplanethi engaziwayo eyayiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwayo. Isijikelezi-langa sifunyenwe kwiqondo elinye nje lendawo eqikelelweyo. Inyanga iTriton yabhaqwa kamsinya emva koko, kodwa akukho nanye kwiisathelayithi zendalo ezilishumi elinesithathu zeNeptune eyafunyanwa phambi kwenkulungwane yama-20 . Isijikelezi-langa sikhe satyelelwa sisithukuthezi esinye kuphela, ''iVoyager 2'', eyadlula kufutshane naso ngo-Agasti 25, 1989.

I-Neptune inokwakheka okufanayo kunye ne-Uranus kwaye zombini ineengqungquthela ezahlukileyo kwiiplanethi ezinkulu zegesi [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)|iJupiter]] kunye [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)|neSaturn]] . Ngenxa yesi sizathu ngamanye amaxesha bahlelwa kudidi olwahlukileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi  &quot;frost giants &quot;. Umoya weNeptune, nangona ufana nezo zombini iJupiter kunye neSaturn ekuyilwe ikakhulu yihydrogen kunye nehelium, ikwanomlinganiselo omkhulu &quot;we ice&quot;, [[Amanzi|njengamanzi]], ammonia kunye ne methane, kunye nezalathi zehydrocarbons mhlawumbi nenitrogen.&lt;ref name=&quot;atmo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1993ARA%26A..31..217L&amp;data_type=PDF_HIGH&amp;whole_paper=YES&amp;type=PRINTER&amp;filetype=.pdf|publisher=Lunar and Planetary Observatory, University of Arizona}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwahlukileyo, ingaphakathi leplanethi liqulunqwe ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye njenge-Uranus.  Imitha yemethane ekhoyo kumaleko angaphandle omoya inegalelo ekunikeni isijikelezi-langa iNeptune uphawu lwaso lombala ozuba kakhulu. &lt;ref name=&quot;bluecolour&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=13 novembre 2007|title=Neptune overview|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2023-09-15|archive-date=2008-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&amp;Display=OverviewLong|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

INeptune inomoya onamandla kunayo nayiphi na iplanethi kwiSolar System. Izantya ezingaphaya kwama zilinganisiwe.  Ngexesha le-Voyager 2 's flyby ngo-1989, i-hemisphere esezantsi yeplanethi yayineNdawo Enkulu Emnyama efana ne-Jupiter's Great Red Spot ; ubushushu bawona mafu aphakamileyo eNeptune babumalunga no, enye yezona ndawo zibandayo kwiSolar System, ngenxa yomgama omde ukusuka eLangeni. Iqondo lobushushu kumbindi weplanethi limalunga nama-7000&amp;nbsp;°C, xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu bomphezulu beLanga kunye nelo londoqo wezinye iiplanethi ezininzi ezaziwayo. Iplanethi kwakhona inesixokelelwano seringi esityhafileyo, esafunyanwa ngoo-1960 kodwa siqinisekiswa kuphela yiVoyager 2. &lt;ref name=&quot;ring1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 giugno 1982|title=Data Shows 2 Rings Circling Neptune|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&amp;res=950DE3D71F38F933A25755C0A964948260&amp;n=Top/News/Science/Topics/Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>I-Pluto</title>
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    <id>7872</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40338</id>
      <parentid>36138</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:33:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="3878" sha1="nkrs6wjyqwz6ob9j4u0uxl7y4uxmhk5" xml:space="preserve">'''IPluto''' yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;declassato&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 agosto 2006|title=Gli astronomi declassano Plutone, solo otto i pianeti del sistema solare|url=http://www.repubblica.it/2006/08/sezioni/scienza_e_tecnologia/spazio-12pianeti/plutone-declassato/plutone-declassato.html|publisher=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|la Repubblica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 agosto 2006|title=''https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it''|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hussmann2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=novembre 2006|title=Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects|language=en|volume=185|issue=1|pages=258-273|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kuneNeptune]], nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . &lt;ref name=&quot;nineplanet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto's Orbit|url=http://nineplanets.org/plutodyn.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;moons&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/pluto-moons/overview/?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;condition_1=99%3Aparent_id&amp;condition_2=moon%3Abody_type%3Ailike|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- ''New Horizons'' probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi {{M|19000|u=km}} kude. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 settembre 2015|title=New Horizons probes the mystery of Charon's red pole|url=https://phys.org/news/2015-09-horizons-probes-mystery-charon-red.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40350</id>
      <parentid>40338</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:37:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[I-Pluto (i-astronomy)]] to [[IPluto (i-astronomy)]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3878" sha1="nkrs6wjyqwz6ob9j4u0uxl7y4uxmhk5" xml:space="preserve">'''IPluto''' yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;declassato&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 agosto 2006|title=Gli astronomi declassano Plutone, solo otto i pianeti del sistema solare|url=http://www.repubblica.it/2006/08/sezioni/scienza_e_tecnologia/spazio-12pianeti/plutone-declassato/plutone-declassato.html|publisher=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|la Repubblica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 agosto 2006|title=''https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it''|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hussmann2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=novembre 2006|title=Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects|language=en|volume=185|issue=1|pages=258-273|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kuneNeptune]], nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . &lt;ref name=&quot;nineplanet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto's Orbit|url=http://nineplanets.org/plutodyn.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;moons&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/pluto-moons/overview/?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;condition_1=99%3Aparent_id&amp;condition_2=moon%3Abody_type%3Ailike|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- ''New Horizons'' probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi {{M|19000|u=km}} kude. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 settembre 2015|title=New Horizons probes the mystery of Charon's red pole|url=https://phys.org/news/2015-09-horizons-probes-mystery-charon-red.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>40354</id>
      <parentid>40350</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:40:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="3995" sha1="mr7wjjv27b9n20zg4cq8p41k8cvkozl" xml:space="preserve">'''IPluto''' (uphawu: [[file:pluto symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⯓]] okanye [[file:pluto monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♇]]) yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;declassato&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 agosto 2006|title=Gli astronomi declassano Plutone, solo otto i pianeti del sistema solare|url=http://www.repubblica.it/2006/08/sezioni/scienza_e_tecnologia/spazio-12pianeti/plutone-declassato/plutone-declassato.html|publisher=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|la Repubblica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 agosto 2006|title=''https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it''|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hussmann2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=novembre 2006|title=Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects|language=en|volume=185|issue=1|pages=258-273|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kuneNeptune]], nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . &lt;ref name=&quot;nineplanet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto's Orbit|url=http://nineplanets.org/plutodyn.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;moons&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/pluto-moons/overview/?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;condition_1=99%3Aparent_id&amp;condition_2=moon%3Abody_type%3Ailike|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- ''New Horizons'' probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi {{M|19000|u=km}} kude. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 settembre 2015|title=New Horizons probes the mystery of Charon's red pole|url=https://phys.org/news/2015-09-horizons-probes-mystery-charon-red.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40385</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IPluto (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Pluto]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3995" sha1="mr7wjjv27b9n20zg4cq8p41k8cvkozl" xml:space="preserve">'''IPluto''' (uphawu: [[file:pluto symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⯓]] okanye [[file:pluto monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♇]]) yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;declassato&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 agosto 2006|title=Gli astronomi declassano Plutone, solo otto i pianeti del sistema solare|url=http://www.repubblica.it/2006/08/sezioni/scienza_e_tecnologia/spazio-12pianeti/plutone-declassato/plutone-declassato.html|publisher=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|la Repubblica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 agosto 2006|title=''https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it''|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hussmann2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=novembre 2006|title=Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects|language=en|volume=185|issue=1|pages=258-273|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kuneNeptune]], nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . &lt;ref name=&quot;nineplanet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto's Orbit|url=http://nineplanets.org/plutodyn.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;moons&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/pluto-moons/overview/?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;condition_1=99%3Aparent_id&amp;condition_2=moon%3Abody_type%3Ailike|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- ''New Horizons'' probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi {{M|19000|u=km}} kude. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 settembre 2015|title=New Horizons probes the mystery of Charon's red pole|url=https://phys.org/news/2015-09-horizons-probes-mystery-charon-red.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3996" sha1="lkmus5li5nu43om2tzsxz4ii6489bqn" xml:space="preserve">'''I-Pluto''' (uphawu: [[file:pluto symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⯓]] okanye [[file:pluto monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♇]]) yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006. &lt;ref name=&quot;declassato&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 agosto 2006|title=Gli astronomi declassano Plutone, solo otto i pianeti del sistema solare|url=http://www.repubblica.it/2006/08/sezioni/scienza_e_tecnologia/spazio-12pianeti/plutone-declassato/plutone-declassato.html|publisher=[[La Repubblica (quotidiano)|la Repubblica]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 agosto 2006|title=''https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it''|url=https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/26225-pluto-not-planet-say-astronomers/it}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. &lt;ref name=&quot;Hussmann2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=novembre 2006|title=Subsurface oceans and deep interiors of medium-sized outer planet satellites and large trans-neptunian objects|language=en|volume=185|issue=1|pages=258-273|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka [[UKat|eLangeni]] uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kuneNeptune]], nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . &lt;ref name=&quot;nineplanet&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto's Orbit|url=http://nineplanets.org/plutodyn.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. &lt;ref name=&quot;moons&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pluto Moons|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/pluto-moons/overview/?page=0&amp;per_page=40&amp;order=name+asc&amp;search=&amp;condition_1=99%3Aparent_id&amp;condition_2=moon%3Abody_type%3Ailike|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- ''New Horizons'' probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi {{M|19000|u=km}} kude. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=11 settembre 2015|title=New Horizons probes the mystery of Charon's red pole|url=https://phys.org/news/2015-09-horizons-probes-mystery-charon-red.html|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jacareí Futebol Clube</title>
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      <text bytes="4896" sha1="hfp0n6yjsyw3hevghv7uzhc97jghu8v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football club
|clubname=Jacareí FC
|image=JacareíFC.svg
|image_size=140px
|fullname=Clube Atlético Joseense
|nickname=''Jacaré do Vale''
|founded=October 1, 1998
|ground=[[Estádio Stavros Papadopoulos]]
|capacity=4,090

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'''Jacareí Futebol Clube''', ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekiselwa kuyo njenge '''nguJacareí''', [[Uluhlu lweeklabhu zebhola ekhatywayo eBrazil|yiklabhu yebhola yaseBrazil]] esekelwe [[eJacareí]], [[I-São Paulo (ilizwe)|eSão Paulo]].

== Imbali ==
Iqela lasekwa ngo-Oktobha 1, 1998, njengelinye iqela lokuxhasa eSão José dos Campos, ngelo xesha kwakukho i[[São José Esporte Clube|São José EC]] kwinqanaba lokuqala le[[Campeonato Paulista]]. Ukukhuphisana kwiitumente zabangaqeqeshwanga kunye neendidi zolutsha de kwangowama-2000, yajika yaqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kunyaka olandelayo kwicandelo lesithandathu lobuntshatsheli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sobre o Clube {{!}} Clubes {{!}} Federação Paulista de Futebol|url=https://www.futebolpaulista.com.br/Clubes/OClube.aspx?IdClube=281|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=www.futebolpaulista.com.br}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokutshabalala kwecandelo lesithandathu kunye nelesihlanu, uJosense wachitha ixesha elihle lembali yakhe ekhuphisana kwicandelo lesine, ngaphandle kwe-2013 ukuya kwi-2017, xa idlala kwicandelo lesithathu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Campos|first=Por GloboEsporte comSão José dos|last2=SP|date=2013-12-31|title=Joseense tem ano de experiências e encerra 2013 em 'crise de identidade'|url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/sp/vale-do-paraiba-regiao/futebol/times/joseense/noticia/2013/12/joseense-tem-ano-de-experiencias-e-encerra-2013-em-crise-de-identidade.html|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=globoesporte.com|language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Campos|first=Por GloboEsporte com*São José dos|last2=SP|date=2017-04-17|title=Após rebaixamento, São José FC confia em reabilitação na Segundona|url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/sp/vale-do-paraiba-regiao/noticia/2017/04/apos-rebaixamento-sao-jose-fc-confia-em-reabilitacao-na-segundona.html|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=globoesporte.com|language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kuyo yonke imbali yayo, iye yatshintsha amagama amaninzi. Kwi-2006, yaziwa ngokuba yi &quot;Clube '''Atlético Paulista''' Joseense,&quot; nangona utshintsho lwatshintshwa emva kweminyaka. Kwi-2014, yatshintsha igama layo &quot;i-São José dos Campos Esporte Clube&quot; ekuzameni ukubhenela abalandeli bendawo, engazange isebenze ngenxa yokuba yayifana kakhulu ne-São José EC kwaye yabangela ukuba iqela lilahlekelwe abalandeli kunye nentlonipho. Ke ngoko, ibuyele kwigama layo lokuqala, &quot;Clube Atlético Joseense,&quot; ngo-2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2026-01-20|title=Atlético Joseense passa a se chamar Jacareí Futebol Clube e muda de cidade|url=https://ge.globo.com/sp/vale-do-paraiba-regiao/noticia/2026/01/20/atletico-joseense-passa-a-se-chamar-jacarei-futebol-clube-e-muda-de-cidade.ghtml|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=ge|language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=São José dos Campos FC volta a ser Clube Atlético Joseense|url=https://www.meon.com.br/esporte/regional/sao-jose-dos-campos-fc-volta-a-ser-clube-atletico-joseense|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=www.meon.com.br|language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

NgoJanuwari 2026, ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yinkxaso yabalandeli bendawo kunye nokuthengiswa kwenkundla yeMartins Pereira, apho abanini baseSão José bahlawulisa irenti ephezulu kumdlalo ngamnye, iklabhu yanyanzeleka ukuba itshintshe ikomkhulu layo libe yiJacareí kunye negama layo &quot;Jacareí Futebol Clube&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bavuso|first=Pedro|date=2024-04-03|title=Atlético Joseense: &quot;Fora da realidade&quot;, diz Café sobre aluguel no Martins Pereira|url=https://www.cbnvale.com.br/fora-da-realidade-do-atletico-joseense-diz-cafe-sobre-aluguel-no-estadio-martins-pereira/|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=CBN São José dos Campos {{!}} Vale do Paraíba|language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Fróes|first=Vitor Hugo|date=2026-01-20|title=Atlético Joseense muda de nome e vira Jacareí Futebol Clube para a temporada 2026|url=https://thmais.com.br/cidades/vale/esportes-vale/atletico-joseense-muda-de-nome-e-vira-jacarei-futebol-clube-para-a-temporada-2026/|accessdate=2026-01-27|website=THMais - Você por dentro de tudo|language=pt-BR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iimbekiselo ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:1998 ukusekwa eBrazil]]
[[Category:2026 ukusekwa eBrazil]]
[[Category:Iiklabhu zebhola eSão Paulo (urhulumente)]]
[[Category:Amaqela ebhola ekhatywayo asekwe ngo-1998]]
[[Category:Amaqela ebhola ekhatywayo asekwe ngo-2026]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Umhlaba (i-astronomy)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8508</id>
    <redirect title="Ihlabathi" />
    <revision>
      <id>40359</id>
      <parentid>40251</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:45:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40359</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1134" sha1="468b950taoakepfc9mcy9xfb88rsfxt" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Meteosat-12-fci-march-equinox-2025-noon.jpg|thumb|Umhlaba]]
'''Umhlaba''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) sisijikelezi-langa sesithathu ukusuka [[uKat|eLangeni]] kwaye kuphela kwento yeenkwenkwezi eyaziwayo ukuba inobomi. Oku kwenziwa ukuba uMhlaba ube lihlabathi lolwandle, ekuphela kwalo [[kwiSolar System]] egcina amanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi. Phantse onke amanzi oMhlaba aqulethwe kulwandlekazi lwawo lwehlabathi, agubungela i-70.8% yoqweqwe loMhlaba. I-29.2% eseleyo yoqweqwe loMhlaba ngumhlaba, uninzi lwayo olukwimo yelizwekazi lelizwekazi ngaphakathi kumhlaba womhlaba. Ubuninzi bomhlaba womhlaba ubuncinci bufumile kwaye bugqunywe luhlaza, ngelixa amashiti amakhulu omkhenkce kwintlango yePolar yoMhlaba egcina amanzi amaninzi kunamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, amachibi, imilambo kunye namanzi omoya edibene. Uqweqwe loMhlaba luqulathe iitectonic plates ezihamba kancinane, ezidibanayo ukuze zivelise udederhu lweentaba, iintaba-mlilo neenyikima. Umhlaba unombindi ongaphandle wolwelo ovelisa imagnetosphere ekwaziyo ukuphambukisa uninzi lwemimoya etshabalalisayo yelanga kunye nemitha ye-cosmic.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40361</id>
      <parentid>40359</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:46:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>40361</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1159" sha1="j6x3x2hyo8m1q8k0v4zfqds6pqgpq1j" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Meteosat-12-fci-march-equinox-2025-noon.jpg|thumb|Umhlaba]]
'''Umhlaba''' (uphawu: [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]) sisijikelezi-langa sesithathu ukusuka [[uKat|eLangeni]] kwaye kuphela kwento yeenkwenkwezi eyaziwayo ukuba inobomi. Oku kwenziwa ukuba uMhlaba ube lihlabathi lolwandle, ekuphela kwalo [[kwiSolar System]] egcina amanzi angaphezulu kwamanzi. Phantse onke amanzi oMhlaba aqulethwe kulwandlekazi lwawo lwehlabathi, agubungela i-70.8% yoqweqwe loMhlaba. I-29.2% eseleyo yoqweqwe loMhlaba ngumhlaba, uninzi lwayo olukwimo yelizwekazi lelizwekazi ngaphakathi kumhlaba womhlaba. Ubuninzi bomhlaba womhlaba ubuncinci bufumile kwaye bugqunywe luhlaza, ngelixa amashiti amakhulu omkhenkce kwintlango yePolar yoMhlaba egcina amanzi amaninzi kunamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, amachibi, imilambo kunye namanzi omoya edibene. Uqweqwe loMhlaba luqulathe iitectonic plates ezihamba kancinane, ezidibanayo ukuze zivelise udederhu lweentaba, iintaba-mlilo neenyikima. Umhlaba unombindi ongaphandle wolwelo ovelisa imagnetosphere ekwaziyo ukuphambukisa uninzi lwemimoya etshabalalisayo yelanga kunye nemitha ye-cosmic.

[[category:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40405</id>
      <parentid>40361</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:23:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>merge -- duplicate article</comment>
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      <text bytes="23" sha1="kr9ll61sxq4b2h3at3h6ig7j82umbdz" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Ihlabathi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2017 OF201</title>
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    <id>8745</id>
    <revision>
      <id>40352</id>
      <parentid>39999</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T07:38:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="4745" sha1="qx7azcmyenog709mf8ugu765bel1fca" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt;}}
I-'''2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt;''' [[Into egqithileyo yeNeptunian|yinto egqithileyo ye-Neptunian]] kunye [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho|nomviwa weplanethi encinci]], eqikelelwa ubuncinane kwiikhilomitha ezingama-550 (iimayile ezingama-340) ububanzi. Ngobukhulu obupheleleyo obuphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-4, inokuba yeyona [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho#Abona bagqatswa abangakhange balinganiseke|nto iqaqambileyo eyaziwayo]] kwi[[Inkqubo yesola|Solar System]] engenalo ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo ngokuthe ngqo. I-perihelion yayo yokugqibela yayimalunga noNovemba 1930. Ukusukela ngo-2025, umgama wayo ngoku ukusuka eLangeni yi-90.5 AU, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yezona [[Uluhlu lwezinto zeSolar System ezikude kakhulu kwiLanga#Izinto ezaziwayo ezikude|zinto zikude zeSolar System ezijongweyo]].

Ukufunyaniswa kwe 2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; kunokugqiba ukuphikisa ubukho [[IPlanethi yeThoba|bePlanethi yeThoba]] kwaye, mhlawumbi, [[iiplanethi ezingaphaya kweNeptune]] ngokubanzi. Ukuqhelaniswa nemijikelo yezinto ezigqithileyo zeNeptunian zithande ukuhlangana. Oku kuhlanganisana kukhokelela kwingcinga yokuba iplanethi enokubakho ekude ibe nefuthe kwezo ndlela zijikelezayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-orbit ye 2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; yenye yezona zimbalwa [ezifana ne 2013 FT&lt;sub&gt;28&lt;/sub&gt; kunye 2015 KG&lt;sub&gt;163&lt;/sub&gt;] echasene nokulungelelaniswa kwi-orbit ebalwayo yePlanethi yeThoba. Ukwenza imodeli kucebisa ukuba iplanethi ecingelwayo ngeyikhuphe i-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; kwi-orbit yayo yangoku ngamaxesha esikali esingaphantsi kwe-100 lezigidi zeminyaka, nangona inokuba kwi-orbit yethutyana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-05-20|title=An Extreme Cousin for Pluto? Possible Dwarf Planet Discovered at Solar System’s Edge - Press Release {{!}} Institute for Advanced Study|url=https://www.ias.edu/news/extreme-cousin-pluto-possible-dwarf-planet-discovered-solar-systems-edge|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=www.ias.edu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== I-Orbit ==
I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ijikeleza kude ngaphaya [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kweNeptune]] kumgama ophakathi kwama-880 [[Iyunithi yeAstronomical|eeyunithi zeenkwenkwezi]] (AU), ithatha iminyaka engama-25,000 ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze [[UKat|iLanga]]. I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ine-orbit ene-[[I-Orbital eccentricity|orbital eccentricity]] ye-0.95 kunye ne-[[Ukuthambekela kwe-Orbital|orbital inclination]] ye-16.21 °. I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; inenye [[Uluhlu lwezinto zeSolar System ngeyona aphelion enkulu#Iiplanethi ezincinci ezineheliocentric aphelion enkulu kune 400 AU|yezona zinto zikude]] kakhulu ze-aphelia eyaziwayo ye-trans-Neptunian, efana ne-2013 SY&lt;sub&gt;99&lt;/sub&gt; kwaye yodlulwa ngo-2019 EU&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, zonke ezintathu zineperihelia ngaphakathi kwe-[[Kuiper iliwa|Kuiper cliff]] kwaye ziye okanye zinentsebenziswano neNeptune. Oku kubeka le nto kufuphi nomda oqikelelweyo wengingqi [[Idiski esasaziweyo|yediski esasazekileyo]] kunye neengcinga ezithile [[Ilifu elingaphakathi le-Oort|zefu elingaphakathi le-Oort]]. I-orbit ka-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ibunjwe zizo zombini iNeptune kunye ne-[[galactic tide]] kwiibhiliyoni zeminyaka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=An extreme cousin for Pluto? Possible dwarf planet discovered at solar system's edge|url=https://phys.org/news/2025-05-extreme-cousin-pluto-dwarf-planet.amp|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=phys.org|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iimpawu zomzimba ==
Idayamitha ka-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ayaziwa, kodwa kuqikelelwa ukuba iphakathi kwe-550-850 yeekhilomitha ububanzi, ibeka phakathi koluhlu [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho|lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokwenzeka.]] Ukufumana ireferensi, [[I-Pluto (i-astronomy)|iPluto]] yi-2,376.6 yeekhilomitha ububanzi, kwaye [[Quaoar|iQuaoar]], eyamkelwa ngokubanzi njengeplanethi encinci, yi-1,090 yeekhilomitha ububanzi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-05-20|title=An Extreme Cousin for Pluto? Possible Dwarf Planet Discovered at Solar System’s Edge - Press Release {{!}} Institute for Advanced Study|url=https://www.ias.edu/news/extreme-cousin-pluto-possible-dwarf-planet-discovered-solar-systems-edge|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=www.ias.edu|language=en}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.ias.edu/news/extreme-cousin-pluto-possible-dwarf-planet-discovered-solar-systems-edge &quot;An Extreme Cousin for Pluto? Possible Dwarf Planet Discovered at Solar System's Edge - Press Release | Institute for Advanced Study&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iimbekiselo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Reflist}}
[[Uluhlu:Izinto zeAstronomical ezifunyenwe ngo-2017]]
[[Uluhlu:Iiplanethi ezincinci ezinokwenzeka]]
[[Uluhlu:Amanqaku ento yeplanethi encinci (ayinamanani)]]
[[Uluhlu:Idiski esasaziweyo kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo]]
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>40370</id>
      <parentid>40352</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:05:07Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <text bytes="4115" sha1="rn7skh76hl8ntzf19rptlosqwuy6f5s" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt;}}
I-'''2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt;''' [[Into egqithileyo yeNeptunian|yinto egqithileyo ye-Neptunian]] kunye [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho|nomviwa weplanethi encinci]], eqikelelwa ubuncinane kwiikhilomitha ezingama-550 (iimayile ezingama-340) ububanzi. Ngobukhulu obupheleleyo obuphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-4, inokuba yeyona [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho#Abona bagqatswa abangakhange balinganiseke|nto iqaqambileyo eyaziwayo]] kwi[[Inkqubo yesola|Solar System]] engenalo ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo ngokuthe ngqo. I-perihelion yayo yokugqibela yayimalunga noNovemba 1930. Ukusukela ngo-2025, umgama wayo ngoku ukusuka eLangeni yi-90.5 AU, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yezona [[Uluhlu lwezinto zeSolar System ezikude kakhulu kwiLanga#Izinto ezaziwayo ezikude|zinto zikude zeSolar System ezijongweyo]].

Ukufunyaniswa kwe 2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; kunokugqiba ukuphikisa ubukho [[IPlanethi yeThoba|bePlanethi yeThoba]] kwaye, mhlawumbi, [[iiplanethi ezingaphaya kweNeptune]] ngokubanzi. Ukuqhelaniswa nemijikelo yezinto ezigqithileyo zeNeptunian zithande ukuhlangana. Oku kuhlanganisana kukhokelela kwingcinga yokuba iplanethi enokubakho ekude ibe nefuthe kwezo ndlela zijikelezayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-orbit ye 2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; yenye yezona zimbalwa [ezifana ne 2013 FT&lt;sub&gt;28&lt;/sub&gt; kunye 2015 KG&lt;sub&gt;163&lt;/sub&gt;] echasene nokulungelelaniswa kwi-orbit ebalwayo yePlanethi yeThoba. Ukwenza imodeli kucebisa ukuba iplanethi ecingelwayo ngeyikhuphe i-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; kwi-orbit yayo yangoku ngamaxesha esikali esingaphantsi kwe-100 lezigidi zeminyaka, nangona inokuba kwi-orbit yethutyana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-05-20|title=An Extreme Cousin for Pluto? Possible Dwarf Planet Discovered at Solar System's Edge - Press Release {{!}} Institute for Advanced Study|url=https://www.ias.edu/news/extreme-cousin-pluto-possible-dwarf-planet-discovered-solar-systems-edge|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=www.ias.edu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== I-Orbit ==
I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ijikeleza kude ngaphaya [[Neptune (i-astronomy)|kweNeptune]] kumgama ophakathi kwama-880 [[Iyunithi yeAstronomical|eeyunithi zeenkwenkwezi]] (AU), ithatha iminyaka engama-25,000 ukugqiba i-orbit ejikeleze [[UKat|iLanga]]. I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ine-orbit ene-[[I-Orbital eccentricity|orbital eccentricity]] ye-0.95 kunye ne-[[Ukuthambekela kwe-Orbital|orbital inclination]] ye-16.21 °. I-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; inenye [[Uluhlu lwezinto zeSolar System ngeyona aphelion enkulu#Iiplanethi ezincinci ezineheliocentric aphelion enkulu kune 400 AU|yezona zinto zikude]] kakhulu ze-aphelia eyaziwayo ye-trans-Neptunian, efana ne-2013 SY&lt;sub&gt;99&lt;/sub&gt; kwaye yodlulwa ngo-2019 EU&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, zonke ezintathu zineperihelia ngaphakathi kwe-[[Kuiper iliwa|Kuiper cliff]] kwaye ziye okanye zinentsebenziswano neNeptune. Oku kubeka le nto kufuphi nomda oqikelelweyo wengingqi [[Idiski esasaziweyo|yediski esasazekileyo]] kunye neengcinga ezithile [[Ilifu elingaphakathi le-Oort|zefu elingaphakathi le-Oort]]. I-orbit ka-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ibunjwe zizo zombini iNeptune kunye ne-[[galactic tide]] kwiibhiliyoni zeminyaka.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=An extreme cousin for Pluto? Possible dwarf planet discovered at solar system's edge|url=https://phys.org/news/2025-05-extreme-cousin-pluto-dwarf-planet.amp|accessdate=2025-05-23|website=phys.org|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iimpawu zomzimba ==
Idayamitha ka-2017 OF&lt;sub&gt;201&lt;/sub&gt; ayaziwa, kodwa kuqikelelwa ukuba iphakathi kwe-550-850 yeekhilomitha ububanzi, ibeka phakathi koluhlu [[Uluhlu lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokubakho|lweeplanethi ezincinci ezinokwenzeka.]] Ukufumana ireferensi, [[I-Pluto (i-astronomy)|iPluto]] yi-2,376.6 yeekhilomitha ububanzi, kwaye [[Quaoar|iQuaoar]], eyamkelwa ngokubanzi njengeplanethi encinci, yi-1,090 yeekhilomitha ububanzi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;/&gt;

== Iimbekiselo ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{Reflist}}
[[Uluhlu:Izinto zeAstronomical ezifunyenwe ngo-2017]]
[[Uluhlu:Iiplanethi ezincinci ezinokwenzeka]]
[[Uluhlu:Amanqaku ento yeplanethi encinci (ayinamanani)]]
[[Uluhlu:Idiski esasaziweyo kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo]]
[[Uluhlu:IAstronomi]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
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      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[Mars]] to [[IMars]]</comment>
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        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
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      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[I-Uranus (i-astronomy)]] to [[IUranus (i-astronomy)]]</comment>
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        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
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      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[Neptune (i-astronomy)]] to [[INeptune (i-astronomy)]]</comment>
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    <title>IJupiter (i-astronomy)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="I-Jupiter" />
    <revision>
      <id>40374</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:09:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IJupiter (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Jupiter]]</comment>
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    <redirect title="I-Makemake" />
    <revision>
      <id>40376</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMakemake]] to [[I-Makemake]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="24" sha1="4xttl4ub0vwad2he1ujpr1e42bgqgmb" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[I-Makemake]]</text>
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  <page>
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    <redirect title="I-Mars" />
    <revision>
      <id>40378</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:09:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMars]] to [[I-Mars]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="20" sha1="1tneiy7oowhozol9o88egilqfcgn034" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[I-Mars]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>IMercury (iplanethi)</title>
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    <redirect title="I-Mercury (iplanethi)" />
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IMercury (iplanethi)]] to [[I-Mercury (iplanethi)]]</comment>
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  <page>
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    <redirect title="I-Neptune" />
    <revision>
      <id>40384</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[INeptune (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Neptune]]</comment>
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  <page>
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    <redirect title="I-Pluto" />
    <revision>
      <id>40386</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IPluto (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Pluto]]</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>ISaturn (i-astronomy)</title>
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    <redirect title="I-Saturn" />
    <revision>
      <id>40388</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[ISaturn (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Saturn]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="22" sha1="qk85rsfqlysfn9wrin74g3k551xwkns" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[I-Saturn]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>IUranus (i-astronomy)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="I-Uranus" />
    <revision>
      <id>40390</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:12:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IUranus (i-astronomy)]] to [[I-Uranus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="22" sha1="3n7tfzdk1ma6ev9fwoltgjkeb7k98hm" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[I-Uranus]]</text>
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    <redirect title="I-Venus" />
    <revision>
      <id>40392</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T08:13:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>9452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kwamikagami moved page [[IVenus]] to [[I-Venus]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="21" sha1="inzxc32yfevafvyq0y658xaqsmlzyzb" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[I-Venus]]</text>
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