24 December

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="yo">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
    <dbname>yowiki</dbname>
    <base>https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oj%C3%BAew%C3%A9_%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Amóhùnmáwòrán</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Pàtàkì</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">Oníṣe</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">Fáìlì</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ fáìlì</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ mediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Àdàkọ</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ àdàkọ</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Ìrànlọ́wọ́</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Ẹ̀ka</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀ka</namespace>
      <namespace key="100" case="first-letter">Èbúté</namespace>
      <namespace key="101" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ èbúté</namespace>
      <namespace key="108" case="first-letter">Ìwé</namespace>
      <namespace key="109" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ìwé</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>24 December</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3937</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622207</id>
      <parentid>562072</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:11:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ìbí */</comment>
      <origin>622207</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="229" sha1="4qxicu7iwldludks0jg9imcqx46p9l2" xml:space="preserve">{{Months}}


&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;[[23 December]] - [[24 December]] - [[25 December]]&lt;/div&gt;
-----------
{{CalendarDecember}}
{{ojo}}
== Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ==

== Ìbí ==
* [[1939]] - Akinwumi Isola

== Ikú ==

[[Ẹ̀ka:December]]</text>
      <sha1>4qxicu7iwldludks0jg9imcqx46p9l2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622208</id>
      <parentid>622207</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:11:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ìbí */</comment>
      <origin>622208</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="225" sha1="obr19fmo9kz3f8m70titrfr0kxbsq8e" xml:space="preserve">{{Months}}


&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;[[23 December]] - [[24 December]] - [[25 December]]&lt;/div&gt;
-----------
{{CalendarDecember}}
{{ojo}}
== Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ==

== Ìbí ==
* 1939 - Akinwumi Isola

== Ikú ==

[[Ẹ̀ka:December]]</text>
      <sha1>obr19fmo9kz3f8m70titrfr0kxbsq8e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>.cs</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10578</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622206</id>
      <parentid>459298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:10:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622206</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="991" sha1="g8m0bzrcpggbg35g6ak5xerm4n701tz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Top level domain|
name=.cs|
background=#CCC|
image=|
introduced=ca. 1990|
type=[[Country code top-level domain]]|
status=Discontinued|
registry=None|
sponsor=None|
intendeduse=Entities connected with {{TCH}} (originally, until deleted) and later {{SCG}} (reserved, but never used)|
actualuse=Was fairly heavily used in [[Czechoslovakia]] until discontinued in favor of [[.cz]] and [[.sk]]; never used while [[Serbia and Montenegro]] existed|
restrictions=No registrations are now taking place|
structure=Not in root|
document=|
disputepolicy=None|
website=None|}}

'''.cs''' je fun opo odun [[country code top-level domain|amioro orile-ede top-level domain]] (ccTLD) fun [[Czechoslovakia]]. Sugbon, orile-ede na tuka si [[Czech Republic]] ati [[Slovakia]] ni 1993, awon orile-ede mejeji yi si gba ccTLDs ti won otooto: [[.cz]] ati [[.sk]] nitelerawon. Ilo .cs wa dopin die die, o si je pipare patapata ni January 1995.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}

{{CcTLD}}</text>
      <sha1>g8m0bzrcpggbg35g6ak5xerm4n701tz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Agbègbè Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ Sardauna</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17610</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622197</id>
      <parentid>493319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:07:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622197</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="277" sha1="ez2kkw004ndof7zpc2616x92dx8ijff" xml:space="preserve">'''Agbegbe Ijoba Ibile Sardauna''' je ijoba ibile ni [[Ipinle Taraba]] towa ni [[Nigeria]]. Ibujoko re wa ni ilu Gembu.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Ibile Taraba}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Tàràbà|Sardauna]]</text>
      <sha1>ez2kkw004ndof7zpc2616x92dx8ijff</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Àmì ọ̀pá àṣẹ ilẹ̀ àwọn Ìpínlẹ̀ Aṣọ̀kan Amẹ́ríkà</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21336</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622180</id>
      <parentid>463875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:59:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622180</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1695" sha1="dmifadrsvb41a0d6ydenasakz1qf5a3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox coat of arms
 | name             = Great Seal of the United States
 | image            = US-GreatSeal-Obverse.svg
 | image_width      = 200
 | middle           = 
 | middle_width     = 
 | middle_caption   = 
 | lesser           = 
 | lesser_width     = 
 | lesser_caption   =
 | image2           = US Great Seal Reverse.svg
 | image2_width     = 200
 | image2_caption   = Reverse of the Seal 
 | armiger          = The [[United States|United States of America]]
 | year_adopted     = 1782
 | crest            = A glory [[or (heraldry)|Or]], breaking through a cloud [[Tincture (heraldry)#proper|proper]], surrounding a constellation of thirteen [[mullet (heraldry)|stars]] [[argent]], on an [[azure]] field
 | torse            = 
 | shield           =[[Paly|Paleways]] of 13 pieces, argent and [[gules]]; a [[Chief (heraldry)|chief]], azure
 | supporters       = A [[Bald Eagle]] [[charge (heraldry)#Birds 2|displayed]]
 | motto            = [[E pluribus unum]]
 | orders           = 
 | other_elements   = In the eagle's [[Dexter and sinister|dexter]] talon an [[olive branch]]; in its [[Dexter and sinister|sinister]] talon thirteen arrows; in its beak, a scroll bearing the motto; the reverse bears &quot;A [[pyramid]] unfinished. In the zenith an eye in a triangle, surrounded by a glory, proper.&quot;
 | earlier_versions = 
 | use              = On treaties, [[letters patent|commissions]], and more
}}
'''Edidi Gbangba Orile-ede Amerika''' (The Great Seal of the United States) ni won fi se imudaju awon iwe ijoba apapo Orile-ede Amerika.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Coats of arms of North America}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn àmì ọ̀pá àṣẹ oníbínibí]]</text>
      <sha1>dmifadrsvb41a0d6ydenasakz1qf5a3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vincent du Vigneaud</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23552</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622178</id>
      <parentid>556553</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:58:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622178</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="393" sha1="mcwvolkbuwxvex8obukoqcgbfg1ur1b" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Dr._Vincent_du_Vigneaud.jpg|thumb|Dr. Vincent du Vigneaud]]
'''Vincent du Vigneaud''' je onimo sayensi to gba [[Nobel Prize|Ebun Nobel]] ninu [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Kemistri]].

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Nobel nínú Kẹ́místrì]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Nobel ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>mcwvolkbuwxvex8obukoqcgbfg1ur1b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Luigi Luzzatti</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36556</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622203</id>
      <parentid>498540</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:09:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622203</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="314" sha1="3wtvfy1thnx5lkdyxy4x90bs0yo29rh" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Luigi Luzzatti.jpg|thumb|Luigi Luzzatti]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' je Alakoso Agba ile [[Italia]] tele. 

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Prime ministers of Italy}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Luzzatti, Luigi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní ]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Alákóso Àgbà ilẹ̀ Itálíà]]</text>
      <sha1>3wtvfy1thnx5lkdyxy4x90bs0yo29rh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Albino Jara</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38008</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622177</id>
      <parentid>556286</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:55:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622177</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="302" sha1="7i918kh2ylxcy65vx2t6tucozkdht57" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Albino-jara.jpg|thumb|Albino-jara]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' je [[President of Paraguay|Aare]] orile-ede [[Paraguay]] tele lati 19 osu Sere, 1911 de 5 osu Agemo, 1911.

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Presidents of Paraguay}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Ààrẹ ilẹ̀ Paragúáì]]</text>
      <sha1>7i918kh2ylxcy65vx2t6tucozkdht57</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>(8801) 1981 EQ29</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>38871</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622181</id>
      <parentid>523180</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:59:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="219" sha1="6a3avwyipn7whi90opux10gxar44ygh" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì|8801]]</text>
      <sha1>6a3avwyipn7whi90opux10gxar44ygh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>(9989) 1997 SG16</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39412</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622217</id>
      <parentid>572943</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:15:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622217</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="283" sha1="t7ehzud4y760e81ixfncmmo0aami6n0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:AnimatedOrbitOf99891997SG16.gif|thumb|(9989) 1997 SG16]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì|9989]]</text>
      <sha1>t7ehzud4y760e81ixfncmmo0aami6n0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>39427 Charlottebrontë</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41655</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622179</id>
      <parentid>478477</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:58:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622179</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>3429 Chuvaev</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41808</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622186</id>
      <parentid>478858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:01:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622186</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>15911 Davidgauthier</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42230</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622196</id>
      <parentid>479133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:07:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622196</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>11243 de Graauw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42275</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622214</id>
      <parentid>479208</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:14:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622214</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>4706 Dennisreuter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42382</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622218</id>
      <parentid>517176</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:16:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622218</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>39428 Emilybrontë</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>42881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622182</id>
      <parentid>479767</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:59:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622182</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>10382 Hadamard</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44061</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622183</id>
      <parentid>480666</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:00:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622183</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>c9wwgy06cqio3ieukdc92vbll9grtrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>13853 Jenniferfritz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45174</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622189</id>
      <parentid>481909</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:04:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622189</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>11774 Jerne</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622184</id>
      <parentid>497887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:00:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622184</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>1248 Jugurtha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45442</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622192</id>
      <parentid>573370</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:05:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="292" sha1="osl7s9u5wivok64dca1hfbhjx4pxz5n" xml:space="preserve">[[File:001248-asteroid shape model (1248) Jugurtha.png|thumb|1248 Jugurtha]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>osl7s9u5wivok64dca1hfbhjx4pxz5n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>22868 Karst</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45686</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622190</id>
      <parentid>482327</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:05:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622190</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>3866 Langley</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46484</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622191</id>
      <parentid>482715</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:05:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622191</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>3861 Lorenz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46906</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622187</id>
      <parentid>483309</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:01:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622187</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>19190 Morihiroshi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48029</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622200</id>
      <parentid>484202</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:08:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>11086 Nagatayuji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48187</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622201</id>
      <parentid>516694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:09:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622201</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>6705 Rinaketty</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49940</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622199</id>
      <parentid>486045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:08:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622199</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>6472 Rosema</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50088</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622188</id>
      <parentid>486231</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:04:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>2899 Runrun Shaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50195</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622204</id>
      <parentid>486482</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:10:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622204</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>7881 Schieferdecker</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622185</id>
      <parentid>486508</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:01:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622185</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>2304 Slavia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51091</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622193</id>
      <parentid>487239</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:06:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622193</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>10954 Spiegel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51224</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622198</id>
      <parentid>488425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:08:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622198</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>12139 Tomcowling</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52056</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622202</id>
      <parentid>488953</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:09:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622202</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>11711 Urquiza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52389</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622205</id>
      <parentid>490237</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:10:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622205</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="215" sha1="fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' jẹ́  plánẹ́tì kékeré ní [[asteroid belt|ibi ìgbàjá ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]].

{{ekunrere}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Minor planets navigator}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ástẹ́rọ́ìdì]]</text>
      <sha1>fy3xj05tvyjntkb12xxl0p2sucto8v0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jelena Janković</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>59044</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622209</id>
      <parentid>492408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:12:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622209</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3180" sha1="qxpw0lp90dvqpphyuchsw5r5axhhyob" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox tennis biography
|image= [[Fáìlì:Jankovic Roland Garros 2009 3.jpg|200px]]
|caption= Janković at the [[2009 French Open]]
|name = Jelena Janković&lt;/br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Јелена Јанковић&lt;/small&gt;
|country = {{FR-YUG}} (2000–03)&lt;br /&gt;{{SCG}}&lt;br /&gt;(2003–06)&lt;br /&gt;{{SRB}} (2006—)
|residence = [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]]
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1985|2|28}}
|birth_place = [[Belgrade]], [[SFR Yugoslavia]]
|height = {{height|m=1.77}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Stats/0,,12781~3932,00.html|title=WTA&amp;#124;Players&amp;#124;Stats&amp;#124;Jelena Jankovic|publisher=Women's Tennis Association|accessdate=January 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|weight = {{convert|59|kg|lb st|abbr=on}}
|turnedpro = February 6, 2000
|plays = Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
|careerprizemoney =[[US$|$]]13,297,726&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot; /&gt;
|singlesrecord = 484–265
|singlestitles = 12 WTA, 1 ITF
|highestsinglesranking = No. '''1''' (August 11, 2008)
|currentsinglesranking = No. 22 (November 12, 2012)
|AustralianOpenresult = SF ([[2008 Australian Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|FrenchOpenresult = SF ([[2007 French Open – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 French Open – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 French Open – Women's Singles|2010]])
|Wimbledonresult = 4R ([[2006 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2006]], [[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2010]])
|USOpenresult = F ([[2008 US Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|Othertournaments              = yes
|WTAChampionshipsresult        = SF ([[2008 WTA Tour Championships|2008]], [[2009 WTA Tour Championships|2009]])
|Olympicsresult        = QF ([[Tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2008]])
|doublesrecord = 48–72
|doublestitles = 1 WTA
|highestdoublesranking = No. 43 (November 6, 2006)
|currentdoublesranking = No. 305 (November 12, 2012)
|grandslamsdoublesresults= yes
|AustralianOpenDoublesresult  = 3R (2008)
|FrenchOpenDoublesresult      = 2R (2007)
|WimbledonDoublesresult       = 3R (2010)
|USOpenDoublesresult          = 3R (2006), 1R (2012)
| | Mixed                             = yes
| mixedtitles                       = 1
| mixedrecord                       = 
| highestmixedranking               = 
| AustralianOpenMixedresult         = 
| FrenchOpenMixedresult             =
| WimbledonMixedresult              = '''W''' ([[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles|2007]])
| USOpenMixedresult =
|updated = November 12, 2012
}}

'''Jelena Janković''' (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, {{IPA-sh|jɛ̌lɛna jǎːnkɔv̞itɕ|pron}}, ojoibi February 28, 1985) je onise [[tennis player|agba tenis]] lati [[Serbia]].  Janković tele wa ni [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players|Ipo 1k Lagbaye]] ninu awon obinrin enikan, leyin igba to de gba ipo keji ni [[2008 US Open (tennis)|Open Amerika 2008]].


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Tennis World WTA Number Ones (women)}}
{{igbesiaye|1985||Janković, Jelena}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbá tẹ́nìs ará Sérbíà]]</text>
      <sha1>qxpw0lp90dvqpphyuchsw5r5axhhyob</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622210</id>
      <parentid>622209</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:13:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622210</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3155" sha1="7c5g2clc31li4dfpd2l18m5xw0nyewm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox tennis biography
|image= [[Fáìlì:Jankovic Roland Garros 2009 3.jpg|200px]]
|caption= Janković at the [[2009 French Open]]
|name = Jelena Janković&lt;/br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Јелена Јанковић&lt;/small&gt;
|country = {{FR-YUG}} (2000–03)&lt;br /&gt;{{SCG}}&lt;br /&gt;(2003–06)&lt;br /&gt;{{SRB}} (2006—)
|residence = [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]]
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1985|2|28}}
|birth_place = [[Belgrade]], [[SFR Yugoslavia]]
|height = {{height|m=1.77}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Stats/0,,12781~3932,00.html|title=WTA&amp;#124;Players&amp;#124;Stats&amp;#124;Jelena Jankovic|publisher=Women's Tennis Association|accessdate=January 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|weight = {{convert|59|kg|lb st|abbr=on}}
|turnedpro = February 6, 2000
|plays = Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
|careerprizemoney =[[US$|$]]13,297,726&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot; /&gt;
|singlesrecord = 484–265
|singlestitles = 12 WTA, 1 ITF
|highestsinglesranking = No. '''1''' (August 11, 2008)
|currentsinglesranking = No. 22 (November 12, 2012)
|AustralianOpenresult = SF ([[2008 Australian Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|FrenchOpenresult = SF ([[2007 French Open – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 French Open – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 French Open – Women's Singles|2010]])
|Wimbledonresult = 4R ([[2006 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2006]], [[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2010]])
|USOpenresult = F ([[2008 US Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|Othertournaments              = yes
|WTAChampionshipsresult        = SF ([[2008 WTA Tour Championships|2008]], [[2009 WTA Tour Championships|2009]])
|Olympicsresult        = QF ([[Tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2008]])
|doublesrecord = 48–72
|doublestitles = 1 WTA
|highestdoublesranking = No. 43 (November 6, 2006)
|currentdoublesranking = No. 305 (November 12, 2012)
|grandslamsdoublesresults= yes
|AustralianOpenDoublesresult  = 3R (2008)
|FrenchOpenDoublesresult      = 2R (2007)
|WimbledonDoublesresult       = 3R (2010)
|USOpenDoublesresult          = 3R (2006), 1R (2012)
| | Mixed                             = yes
| mixedtitles                       = 1
| mixedrecord                       = 
| highestmixedranking               = 
| AustralianOpenMixedresult         = 
| FrenchOpenMixedresult             =
| WimbledonMixedresult              = '''W''' ([[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles|2007]])
| USOpenMixedresult =
|updated = November 12, 2012
}}

'''Jelena Janković''' (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, {{IPA-sh|jɛ̌lɛna jǎːnkɔv̞itɕ|pron}}, ojoibi February 28, 1985) je onise [[tennis player|agba tenis]] lati [[Serbia]].  Janković tele wa ni [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players|Ipo 1k Lagbaye]] ninu awon obinrin enikan, leyin igba to de gba ipo keji ni Open Amerika 2008.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Tennis World WTA Number Ones (women)}}
{{igbesiaye|1985||Janković, Jelena}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbá tẹ́nìs ará Sérbíà]]</text>
      <sha1>7c5g2clc31li4dfpd2l18m5xw0nyewm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622211</id>
      <parentid>622210</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:13:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622211</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3137" sha1="kyjft4be6p9eiagenk86jrlt512dg36" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox tennis biography
|image= [[Fáìlì:Jankovic Roland Garros 2009 3.jpg|200px]]
|caption= Janković at the [[2009 French Open]]
|name = Jelena Janković&lt;/br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Јелена Јанковић&lt;/small&gt;
|country = {{FR-YUG}} (2000–03)&lt;br /&gt;{{SCG}}&lt;br /&gt;(2003–06)&lt;br /&gt;{{SRB}} (2006—)
|residence = [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]]
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1985|2|28}}
|birth_place = [[Belgrade]], [[SFR Yugoslavia]]
|height = {{height|m=1.77}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Stats/0,,12781~3932,00.html|title=WTA&amp;#124;Players&amp;#124;Stats&amp;#124;Jelena Jankovic|publisher=Women's Tennis Association|accessdate=January 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|weight = {{convert|59|kg|lb st|abbr=on}}
|turnedpro = February 6, 2000
|plays = Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
|careerprizemoney =[[US$|$]]13,297,726&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot; /&gt;
|singlesrecord = 484–265
|singlestitles = 12 WTA, 1 ITF
|highestsinglesranking = No. '''1''' (August 11, 2008)
|currentsinglesranking = No. 22 (November 12, 2012)
|AustralianOpenresult = SF ([[2008 Australian Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|FrenchOpenresult = SF ([[2007 French Open – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 French Open – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 French Open – Women's Singles|2010]])
|Wimbledonresult = 4R ([[2006 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2006]], [[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2010]])
|USOpenresult = F ([[2008 US Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|Othertournaments              = yes
|WTAChampionshipsresult        = SF ([[2008 WTA Tour Championships|2008]], [[2009 WTA Tour Championships|2009]])
|Olympicsresult        = QF ([[Tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2008]])
|doublesrecord = 48–72
|doublestitles = 1 WTA
|highestdoublesranking = No. 43 (November 6, 2006)
|currentdoublesranking = No. 305 (November 12, 2012)
|grandslamsdoublesresults= yes
|AustralianOpenDoublesresult  = 3R (2008)
|FrenchOpenDoublesresult      = 2R (2007)
|WimbledonDoublesresult       = 3R (2010)
|USOpenDoublesresult          = 3R (2006), 1R (2012)
| | Mixed                             = yes
| mixedtitles                       = 1
| mixedrecord                       = 
| highestmixedranking               = 
| AustralianOpenMixedresult         = 
| FrenchOpenMixedresult             =
| WimbledonMixedresult              = '''W''' ([[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles|2007]])
| USOpenMixedresult =
|updated = November 12, 2012
}}

'''Jelena Janković''' (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, {{IPA-sh|jɛ̌lɛna jǎːnkɔv̞itɕ|pron}}, ojoibi February 28, 1985) je onise agba tenis lati [[Serbia]].  Janković tele wa ni [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players|Ipo 1k Lagbaye]] ninu awon obinrin enikan, leyin igba to de gba ipo keji ni Open Amerika 2008.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Tennis World WTA Number Ones (women)}}
{{igbesiaye|1985||Janković, Jelena}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbá tẹ́nìs ará Sérbíà]]</text>
      <sha1>kyjft4be6p9eiagenk86jrlt512dg36</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622212</id>
      <parentid>622211</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:13:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622212</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3133" sha1="a4pmknlfejoszfm895hzrlgzanidgqe" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox tennis biography
|image= [[Fáìlì:Jankovic Roland Garros 2009 3.jpg|200px]]
|caption= Janković at the [[2009 French Open]]
|name = Jelena Janković&lt;/br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Јелена Јанковић&lt;/small&gt;
|country = {{FR-YUG}} (2000–03)&lt;br /&gt;{{SCG}}&lt;br /&gt;(2003–06)&lt;br /&gt;{{SRB}} (2006—)
|residence = [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]]
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1985|2|28}}
|birth_place = [[Belgrade]], [[SFR Yugoslavia]]
|height = {{height|m=1.77}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Stats/0,,12781~3932,00.html|title=WTA&amp;#124;Players&amp;#124;Stats&amp;#124;Jelena Jankovic|publisher=Women's Tennis Association|accessdate=January 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|weight = {{convert|59|kg|lb st|abbr=on}}
|turnedpro = February 6, 2000
|plays = Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
|careerprizemoney =[[US$|$]]13,297,726&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot; /&gt;
|singlesrecord = 484–265
|singlestitles = 12 WTA, 1 ITF
|highestsinglesranking = No. '''1''' (August 11, 2008)
|currentsinglesranking = No. 22 (November 12, 2012)
|AustralianOpenresult = SF ([[2008 Australian Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|FrenchOpenresult = SF ([[2007 French Open – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 French Open – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 French Open – Women's Singles|2010]])
|Wimbledonresult = 4R ([[2006 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2006]], [[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2007]], [[2008 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2008]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2010]])
|USOpenresult = F ([[2008 US Open – Women's Singles|2008]])
|Othertournaments              = yes
|WTAChampionshipsresult        = SF ([[2008 WTA Tour Championships|2008]], [[2009 WTA Tour Championships|2009]])
|Olympicsresult        = QF ([[Tennis at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2008]])
|doublesrecord = 48–72
|doublestitles = 1 WTA
|highestdoublesranking = No. 43 (November 6, 2006)
|currentdoublesranking = No. 305 (November 12, 2012)
|grandslamsdoublesresults= yes
|AustralianOpenDoublesresult  = 3R (2008)
|FrenchOpenDoublesresult      = 2R (2007)
|WimbledonDoublesresult       = 3R (2010)
|USOpenDoublesresult          = 3R (2006), 1R (2012)
| | Mixed                             = yes
| mixedtitles                       = 1
| mixedrecord                       = 
| highestmixedranking               = 
| AustralianOpenMixedresult         = 
| FrenchOpenMixedresult             =
| WimbledonMixedresult              = '''W''' ([[2007 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles|2007]])
| USOpenMixedresult =
|updated = November 12, 2012
}}

'''Jelena Janković''' (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, {{IPA-sh|jɛ̌lɛna jǎːnkɔv̞itɕ|pron}}, ojoibi February 28, 1985) je onise agba tenis lati Serbia.  Janković tele wa ni [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players|Ipo 1k Lagbaye]] ninu awon obinrin enikan, leyin igba to de gba ipo keji ni Open Amerika 2008.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Tennis World WTA Number Ones (women)}}
{{igbesiaye|1985||Janković, Jelena}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbá tẹ́nìs ará Sérbíà]]</text>
      <sha1>a4pmknlfejoszfm895hzrlgzanidgqe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jennifer Lopez</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60350</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622141</id>
      <parentid>612201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T14:10:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>91</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing TIFF_2019_jlo_(1_of_1)-2_(48696671561)_(cropped).jpg with [[File:2019_TIFF_premiere_of_Hustlers,_Jennifer_Lopez_(48696671561)_(cropped).jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Cr</comment>
      <origin>622141</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2324" sha1="gz5a22bokxa9hiijb4ewctkolso7jl0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name = Jennifer Lopez
| image = 2019 TIFF premiere of Hustlers, Jennifer Lopez (48696671561) (cropped).jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption = Jennifer Lopez (2019) 
| birth_name = Jennifer Lynn Lopez
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1969|7|24}}
| birth_place = {{nowrap|[[The Bronx]], [[New York]], U.S.}}
| occupation = {{Flat list|
*Actress
*dancer
*fashion designer
*philanthropist
*producer
*recording artist
*television personality
}}
| net_worth = {{profit}} $250 million
| years_active = 1986–present
| spouse = {{Marriage|Ojani Noa|1997|1998}}&lt;br /&gt;{{Marriage|[[Cris Judd]]|2001|2003}}&lt;br /&gt;{{Marriage|[[Marc Anthony|Marc Anthony (Muñiz)]]|2004}}
| children = 2
| relatives = [[Lynda Lopez]]
| website = {{URL|http://jenniferlopez.com|jenniferlopez.com}}
| module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| background = solo_singer &lt;!-- mandatory field --&gt;
| genre  = {{Flat list|
*[[dance music|Dance]]
*[[Funk music|funk]]
*[[Hip hop music|hip hop]]
*[[Latin pop]]
*[[Pop music|pop]]
*[[contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]]
&lt;!-- Genres sourced in the musical style section&amp;nbsp;— do not alter. --&gt;
}}
| instrument = {{Flat list|*[[Bongo drum|Drums]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Jong|first=Hans|title=Jennifer Lopez: A simple girl from the Bronx|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/12/04/jennifer-lopez-a-simple-girl-bronx.html|work=[[The Jakarta Post]]|publisher=PT Bina Media Tenggara|accessdate=December 6, 2012|date=December 4, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*vocals
}}
| label  = {{Flat list|
*[[2101 Records|2101]]
*[[Capitol Records|Capitol]]
*[[Epic Records|Epic]]
*[[Island Records|Island]]
*[[Work Group|Work]]
}}
| associated_acts  = {{Flat list|
*[[Marc Anthony]]
*[[Pitbull (entertainer)|Pitbull]]
*[[Enrique Iglesias]]
*[[Wisin &amp; Yandel]]
}}
}}
}}

'''Jennifer Lynn Muñiz''' (orúkọ àbísọ rẹ̀ ni '''Lopez'''; tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù keje ọdún 1969) jẹ́ akọrin, òsèré àti olùdánilárayá ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Amerika]].

==Awon Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
{{igbesiaye|1969||Lopez Jennifer}}'''[https://9infor.com/jennifer-lopez/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309215653/https://9infor.com/jennifer-lopez/ |date=2023-03-09 }}'''
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré fílmù ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>gz5a22bokxa9hiijb4ewctkolso7jl0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lacey Duvalle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>61170</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622215</id>
      <parentid>501802</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:15:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622215</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1051" sha1="f6wjjloe7se4t1aimyf6uryrorp8k6s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox actor
| image = Lacey Duvall.jpg
| caption= 
| name = Lacey Duvalle
| birthname  =
| birthdate = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1982|4|5}}
| birthplace = [[Washington, D.C.]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| occupation = Actress
| yearsactive = 2000–
}}

'''Lacey Duvall''' (ojoibi [[Oṣù Kẹrin 5]], 1982) je [[actor|osere]] ara [[Àwọn Ìpínlẹ̀ Aṣọ̀kan Amẹ́ríkà]].

==Itokasi==
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0245149/ Lacey Duvalle] - [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.iafd.com/person.rme/perfid=LDuvalle/gender=female Lacey Duvalle] - [[Internet Adult Film Database]]
* [http://www.adultfilmdatabase.com/actor/lacey-duvalle-30215/ Lacey Duvalle] - [[Adult Film Database]]
* [https://myspace.com/la_duvalle Lacey Duvalle] - [[Myspace]]
* [https://twitter.com/LaceyDuvalleXXX Lacey Duvalle] - [[Twitter]]
{{Commonscat|Lacey Duvall}}

{{ekunrere}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duvall, Lacey}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1982]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>f6wjjloe7se4t1aimyf6uryrorp8k6s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622216</id>
      <parentid>622215</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:15:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622216</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1041" sha1="cfukukuse77s7lxt7quxntm564htoqe" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox actor
| image = Lacey Duvall.jpg
| caption= 
| name = Lacey Duvalle
| birthname  =
| birthdate = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1982|4|5}}
| birthplace = [[Washington, D.C.]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| occupation = Actress
| yearsactive = 2000–
}}

'''Lacey Duvall''' (ojoibi [[Oṣù Kẹrin 5]], 1982) je osere ara [[Àwọn Ìpínlẹ̀ Aṣọ̀kan Amẹ́ríkà]].

==Itokasi==
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0245149/ Lacey Duvalle] - [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.iafd.com/person.rme/perfid=LDuvalle/gender=female Lacey Duvalle] - [[Internet Adult Film Database]]
* [http://www.adultfilmdatabase.com/actor/lacey-duvalle-30215/ Lacey Duvalle] - [[Adult Film Database]]
* [https://myspace.com/la_duvalle Lacey Duvalle] - [[Myspace]]
* [https://twitter.com/LaceyDuvalleXXX Lacey Duvalle] - [[Twitter]]
{{Commonscat|Lacey Duvall}}

{{ekunrere}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duvall, Lacey}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1982]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>cfukukuse77s7lxt7quxntm564htoqe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Senate of Nigeria</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66569</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622213</id>
      <parentid>621972</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:14:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622213</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="65301" sha1="psu6dum8clkr0pvno24zui2ni5mmen6" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the Senate who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q19822359 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q19822359/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q19822359/P580:Start date,P39/Q19822359/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Ibrahim Shekarau]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:HMA Bob Dewar with Governor Ibrahim Shekarau of Kano State (3541397335).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ahmed Makarfi]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2011-11-14
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Victor Ndoma-Egba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Jeremiah Useni]]
| Olóṣèlú naijiriya
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[David Mark]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-06-03
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Abdul Ningi and David Mark.jpeg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Jaja Wachuku]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Orji Uzor Kalu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Chris Anyanwu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Chris Anyawu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Vincent Obasi Usulor|Vincent Usulor]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Chuba Okadigbo]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| [[Fáìlì:Chuba-okadigbo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ike Nwachukwu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim Saminu Turaki]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Rabiu Kwankwaso]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-05
| 2019-05
| [[Fáìlì:Kwankwaso and Rochas at PGLS 1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mohammed Ali Ndume]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Muhammad8.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Uche Chukwumerije]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà (1939-2015)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Uche Chukwumerije.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Danjuma Goje|Mohammed Danjuma Goje]]
| Olóṣèlú Nigeria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-05&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-05
| [[Fáìlì:Muhammad Damjuma Goje.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adamu Aliero]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Sani Yerima|Ahmad Sani Yerima]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ali Modu Sheriff]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Ali Modu Sherrff crop 2007.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Nenadi Usman|Nenadi Esther Usman]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Chris Ngige]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[George Akume]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà, Gomina ipinle Benue
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2019-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sam Egwu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-29
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sam Egwu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Chimaroke Nnamani]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-11
| 2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Chimaroke Nnamani 1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Theodore Orji|Theodore  Ahamefule Orji]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Theodore orji A.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Iya Abubakar]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-05
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Iya Abubakar portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Hassan Dankwambo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Robert Ajayi Boroffice]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Robert Boroffice.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abdallah Wali]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665219|Abdul'aziz Abubakar Yari]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Abdul Ningi|Abdul Ahmed Ningi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abdul Ningi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abdul Yandoma]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Abdulahi Bala Adamu]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Abdulazeez Ibrahim]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2007-05
| 
|-
| [[Abdulaziz Usman]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Abdullahi Adamu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà, Gomina Ipinle Nasarawa
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-11
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2022-04
| [[Fáìlì:Abdullahi Adamu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Abdulmumini M. Hassan]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Abiola Ajimobi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà, Gomina tẹlẹri ni ipinlẹ Ọyọ
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Abu Ibrahim (Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà)|Abu Ibrahim]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Girei]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Mahdi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Mohammed]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Olusola Saraki]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Sodangi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Tanko Ayuba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-04
| 
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Umar Gada]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Umar Tutare]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Adebayo Salami]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| [[Fáìlì:Photo of Senator Salami.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adamu Garba Talba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Adamu Gumba]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Adamu Sidi Ali]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 
| 
|-
| [[Adawari Pepple]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Adefemi Kila]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Senator adefemi kila.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adego Erhiawarie Eferakeya]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06
| 2011-05
| 
|-
| [[Adeleke Mamora]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Adéṣẹ̀ye Ògúnléwé|Adeseye Ogunlewe]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-04
| 2003-04
| 
|-
| [[Adolphus Wabara]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Sen. Adolphus Wabara.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Afolabi Olabimtan]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Ahmad Babba Kaita]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà ni yii
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-05
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Hassan Barata]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan|Ahmed Lawan]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ahmed Mohammed Inuwa]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Mohammed Ahmed Sadek 1927.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ahmed Muhammad Maccido]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Sani Stores]]
| Alagba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-05
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Tijani Ahmed]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Zanna]]
| Alagba ti Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Aisha Jummai]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Executive Director, Project PINK BLUE with Sen. Aisha J. Alhassan, Minister of Women Affairs &amp; Social Dev.; Dr. Ramatu Hassan, Rep. Minister of Health, Chidinma Ekile, Toke Makinwa, Annie Idibia at World Cancer Day.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Akin Babalola Kamar Odunsi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-05
| 
|-
| [[Akinlabi Olasunkanmi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Akinyelure Patrick Ayo|Patrick Ayo Akinyelure]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Akpor Pius Ewherido]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Aliyu Abubakar]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-20
| 2003-05-20
| 
|-
| [[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]]
| Olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Alkali Abdulkadir Jajere]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Aloysius Akpan Etok]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Alphonsus Obi Igbeke]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2010-05-25
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4746479|Aminu Waziri Tambuwal]]''
| Olóṣèlú naijiriya
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aminu Waziri Tambuwal (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Aminu Sule Garo]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Andrew Babalola]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06
| 
|-
| [[Annie Okonkwo]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Prince Don Okonkwo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Anthony Agbo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Anthony George Manzo]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Anyimchukwu Ude]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Anyim Pius Anyim]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| [[Fáìlì:Anyim P Anyim (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Arthur Nzeribe]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999-05
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi|Arthur Ifeanyi Okowa]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Ifenanyi Okowa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Audu Idris Umar]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ayo Oni]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ayo Adeseun|Ayoade Ademola Adeseun]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Ayogu Eze]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Babafemi Ojudu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-05
| 
|-
| [[Babayo Garba Gamawa]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Badamasi Maccido]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05-29
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Bala Mohammed]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-04-08
| 2010-04-08
| 
|-
| [[Barnabas Andyar Gemade]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| [[Fáìlì:Gemade.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Basheer Garba Mohammed]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Bassey Ewa-Henshaw]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Bassey Otu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Sen otu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Hayatu Bello|Bello Hayatu Gwarzo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2008-12-08&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2007-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 
|-
| [[Bello Jibrin Gada]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Bello Mohammed Tukur]]
| Omo ile igbimo asofin agba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06
| 2015-06
| 
|-
| [[Ben-Collins Ndu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2001-03
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Benedict Ayade]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ben-ayade-1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Bindo Jibrilla]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Bob Nwannunu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Bode Olajumoke]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Boluwaji Kunlere]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Brimmo Yusuf]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar Abba Ibrahim]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Bukola Saraki]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà, Waziri ti Ilorin, Aare ile igbimo asofin agba ile Nàìjíríà 2015-2019
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Bukola Saraki, October 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Caleb Zagi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Christopher Omoworare Babajide|Omoworare Babajide]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Clever Ikisikpo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Dahiru Awaisu Kuta]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2014-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Dahiru Bako Gassol]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Dalhatu Tafida]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Dalhatu Tafida.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Dalhatu Umaru Sangari]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Danboyi Usman]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05
| 2007-05
| [[Fáìlì:Sen- Saleh Usman Danboyi 2014-03-08 22-17.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Daniel Saror]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Danladi Abdullahi Sankara]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2015-06
| [[Fáìlì:D Sankara.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[David Brigidi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Davou Zang]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-06
| 
|-
| [[Dennis Osadebay]]
| Akéwì ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Domingo Alaba Obende]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-04
| 
|-
| [[Donald Etiebet]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Effiong Dickson Bob]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Ehigie Edobor Uzamere]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Eme Ufot Ekaette]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Bwacha]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Dangana Ocheja]]
| Sẹnetọ Nàìjíríà to n ṣoju Kogi East ni Ile asofin agba; amofin
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:APC Rally.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Emmanuel Essien]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Nnamdi Uba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Paulker]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Enyinnaya Abaribe|Enyinnaya Harcourt Abaribe]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 
| 
|-
| [[Evan Enwerem]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Felix Ibru]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Felix Kolawole Bajomo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Femi Okurounmu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Festus Olabode Ola]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-30
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Fidelis Okoro]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2007-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Florence Ita Giwa]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-06
| [[Fáìlì:Florence ita-giwa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Gabriel Suswam]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ganiyu Solomon]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Ganiyu Solomon.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Garba Yakubu Lado]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Gbemisola Ruqayyah Saraki]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Gbenga Bareehu Ashafa]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:GBAprofile.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Gbenga Aluko]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Gbenga Ogunniya]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999-05-29
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[George Thompson Sekibo]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2023-06
| 
|-
| [[Godswill Akpabio|Godswill Akpabio obot]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-02-25
| 2019-06
| [[Fáìlì:Godswill Obot Akpabio (2012).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Goni Modu Bura]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Grace Folashade Bent]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Gregory Ngaji]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Gyang Dalyop Datong]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2012-07-08
| 
|-
| [[Haruna Aziz Zeego]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Hassan Muhammed Gusau]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-05-29
| 2022-02-23&lt;br/&gt;2011-05
| 
|-
| [[Helen Esuene]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;1979
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;1983
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5720323|Seriake Dickson]]''
| Gomina ipinle Bayelsa, Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Hope Uzodinma]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Hyde Onuaguluchi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Ibikunle Amosun|Ibikunle Oyelaja Amosun]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06
| 2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Amosun-1-270x350 c.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ibrahim Geidam|Ibrahim Gaidam]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-05&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Geidam.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ibrahim Kura Mohammed]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim Kuta]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim Lame]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1992
| 1993
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim M. Ida]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-05
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim Muhammed Kirikasama]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Mohammed Kirikasama.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ibrahim Musa]]
| Alagba ti Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Idris Abubakar]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà, Alagba fun Gombe South
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Ifeanyi Ararume]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999-05
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2007
| 
|-
| [[Isa Mohammed]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6075829|Isaac Alfa]]''
| Oṣiṣẹ ologun ofurufu Nàìjíríà ati olori awọn oṣiṣẹ afẹfẹ tẹlẹ
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Senisaacalfa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Isaiah Balat]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Isiaka Adetunji Adeleke]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-05
| 2011-05&lt;br/&gt;2017-04
| 
|-
| [[James Manager]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Jim Nwobodo|Jim Ifeanyichukwu Nwobodo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6201682|Jimoh Ibrahim]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| [[Jóẹ́l Danlami Ikenya|Joel Danlami Ikenya]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[John Azuta-Mbata]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-04&lt;br/&gt;1999-05-02
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[John James Akpan Udo-Edehe]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[John Nanzip Shagaya]]
| Olóṣèlú naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[John Okechukwuemeka]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Jónà Jang|Jonah David Jang]]
| Olóṣèlú naijiriya
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| [[Jonathan Zwingina]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Joseph Akaagerger]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Joseph Waku]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Joseph Wayas]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1979
| 1983
| 
|-
| [[Jóṣúà Dariye|Joshua Dariye]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Jóṣúà M. Lidani|Joshua M. Lidani]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 
|-
| [[Joy Emodi]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2005-02-20
| 2010-03-25
| 
|-
| [[Jubril Aminu|Jibril Aminu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05-29
| 2011-05
| 
|-
| [[Julius Ucha]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Kabir Garba Marafa]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-09
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Kabir Garba Marafa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Kabiru Ibrahim Gaya Nigerian politician.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Kaka Mallam Yale]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Kamorudeen Adekunle Adedibu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Kashim Shettima]]
| Igbakeji Aare orile-ede Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Kashim Shettima office portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6380074|Kawu Peto Dukku]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Ken Nnamani]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Khairat Abdulrazaq-Gwadabe]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Lawali Shuaibu]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Lawal Shuaibu.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Lawrence Ayo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Lee Maeba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Magnus Ngei Abe]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Mahmud Kanti Bello]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Maina Maaji Lawan]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2007-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2003-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2015&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Maitama Bello Yusuf]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Mamman Bello Ali]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Mamman B- Ali 2014-01-21 00-09.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6774871|Martin Agbaso]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1992&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 1999
| [[Fáìlì:Martin agbaso.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mas’ud El-Jibril]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Máttéù Mbu|Matthew Mbu Junior]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Melford Okilo]]
| Òṣèlú Nàìjíríà (1933-2008)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Adamu Bello]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-09
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Alkali]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Aruwa]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Mohammed Aruwa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mohammed Daggash]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Daggash at council meeting.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mohammed Kabiru Jibril]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria (1958-2017)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Magoro]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Mana]]
| Oloselu Naijiria  ati olori ogun
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Saleh]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Shaaba Lafiagi]]
| Olóṣèlú ti Kwara state
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Tukur Liman]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Moji Akinfenwa]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Mujitaba Mohammed Mallam]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Munirudeen Adekunle Muse]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Nicholas Ugbane]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Nkechi Justina Nwaogu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Nuhu Aliyu Labbo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2011-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7070730|Nwafor Orizu]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nwafor Orizu Akwaeke.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Odion Ugbesia]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-04&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Olabiyi Durojaiye]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Olugbenga Onaolapo Obadara]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05-29
| 2015-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Olúrẹ̀mí Tińubú|Oluremi Tinubu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Her Excellency Remi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Olusola Adeyeye]]
| Omo ile igbimo asofin alagba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Omar Hambagda]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Omololu Meroyi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Oserheimen Osunbor]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Oserheimen Osunbor.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Osita Izunaso]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Otaru Salihu Ohize]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria (1953 - 2016)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 
|-
| [[Patricia Akwashiki]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Patricia Akwashiki.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Patrick Osakwe]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2011-05
| 
|-
| [[Philips Tanimu Aduda]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Roland Owie]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Sa'idu Ahmed Alkali]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2010-08
| 2023-06
| 
|-
| [[Sahabi Alhaji Yaú]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2023-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Saidu Dansadau]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[Saidu Kumo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Salisu Matori]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Sama’ila Mamman]]
| Omo ile igbimo asofin agba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7418244|Sani Daura]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà ni yii
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:NSZD Portrait.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Satty Davies Gogwim]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sefiu Adegbenga Kaka]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-05
| 
|-
| [[Simeon Oduoye]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria (1945 - 2014)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Simon Ajibola]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2004-06-29
| 2015-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Simeon Ajibola.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7530281|Sirika Hadi]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2012-01-01
| 2015-06-01
| [[Fáìlì:HadiSirika.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Smart Adeyemi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-12-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2023-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sonni Ogbuoji]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Sonni Ogbuoji.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Stella Oduah]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-11
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Princess Stella Oduah-Ogiemwonyi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Stella Omu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Sulaiman Mohammed Nazif]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Suleiman Asonya Adokwe]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2011-04&lt;br/&gt;2007-05-29
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sunday Awoniyi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1993&lt;br/&gt;1993-07
| 1993&lt;br/&gt;1993-11
| 
|-
| [[Sunday Fajinmi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Sunday Fajinmi 2014-06-06 15-59.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Sylvanus Ngele]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Sylvester Anyanwu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sylvester Ayodele Arise]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Tawar Umbi Wada]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà(1957-2010)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-05-29
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Olóyè Teslim Folárìn|Oloye Teslim Folarin]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Picture of Senator Oloye Teslim Kolawole Folarin 2014-03-14 03-26.jpeg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Tunde Ogbeha]]
| Gbogboogbo Nàìjíríà, Alagba ati gomina
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003-05&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Udoma Udo Udoma]]
| Olóṣèlú orilẹede Nàìjíríà, Alagba fun ẹkun ipinlẹ Akwa-Ibom South
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Umar Usman Dukku]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Umar Argungu]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Umaru Dahiru]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Umaru Tanko Al-Makura]]
| Gomina ipinle Nasarawa, Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Usman Albishir]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| [[Fáìlì:Late Senator Usman Albishir.gif|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7902041|Usman Bayero Nafada]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06
| [[Fáìlì:Usman Bayero Nafada.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Victor Lar]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-05
| 
|-
| [[Victor Oyofo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2007-05-29
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Victor Oyofo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Wilson Asinobi Ake]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Wuraola Esan]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1960
| 1964
| 
|-
| [[Yisa Braimoh]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Yushau Anka]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[Yusuf Datti Baba-Ahmed]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Yusuf Datti Baba-Ahmed 2022.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Yusuf Musa Nagogo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Zainab Abdulkadir Kure]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-05-29
| 2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Joseph Olatunji Ajayi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ita Enang]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Atiku Bagudu]]
| Alagba ti Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04
| [[Fáìlì:Abubakar Bagudu - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Gbenga Dáníẹ́l|Gbenga Daniel]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dinner night.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adams Oshiomhole]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà(born 1952)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AdamsOshiomhole.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abubakar Maikafi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Alex Kadiri]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Aniette Okon]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Anthony Adeniyi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Bashir Mustapha]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Bode Olowoporoku]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Christopher Nshi]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Clement Awoyelu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Christopher Nwankwo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Cosmos Niagwan]]
| Olóselú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Dalha Ahmed Danzomo]]
| 
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Daisy Danjuma]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Anosike]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Okpede]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel A. Azu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Faruk Bello]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Fred Aghogho Brume]]
| Olóṣèlú (1942-2011)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Gyang Datong]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Haruna Garba]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Haruna Abubakar]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Heineken Lokpobiri]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2011-06-06
| [[Fáìlì:Heineken Lokpobiri at WEF Special Meeting on Global Collaboration, Growth and Energy for Development, 2024.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Hóséà Ehinlanwo|Hosea Ehinlanwo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Hóséà Ayoola Agboola]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ibrahim Mantu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;1999
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 
|-
| [[Martins Yellowe|Ibiapuye Martyns-Yellowe]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05-29&lt;br/&gt;1999-05-29
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Ikechukwu Abana]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ike Ekweremadu]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06
| [[Fáìlì:Huriwa2gk-is-565.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ikechukwu Obiorah]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Isah Maina]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Isa Mohammed (ọmọ Ilé Alàgbà)]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Isa Muhammed Galaudu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Itak Bob Ekarika]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ìyábọ̀ Ọbásanjọ́]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-04-28
| 2011-05
| [[Fáìlì:Iyabo Obasanjo.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Iyiola Omisore]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2011-06-06&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| [[Fáìlì:Iyiola-Omisore.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[James Kolawole]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[John Brambaifa]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[John Danboyi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Jubril Martins-Kuye]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jubril M-K.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mohammed Abba Aji]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed A Muhammed|Mohammed A. Muhammed]]
| Alagba ti Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-06-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Mohammed Ohiare]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Máttéù Ifeanyi Nwagwu|Matthew Ifeanyi Nwagwu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Nimi Barigha-Amange]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Nnamdi Eriobuna]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| [[Olufemi Lanlehin]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-05
| 2015-06
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Olufemi Lanlehin.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Patrick Aga]]
| Omo ile igbimo asofin agba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Paulinus Igwe Nwagu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Peter Olawuyi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Ramoni Olalekan Mustapha]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2007-05
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Robert Koleoso]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Rochas Okorocha]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-06
| [[Fáìlì:Governor Rochas Okorocha (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Rufaisanbi Hanga]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-05
| 2007-05
| 
|-
| [[Silas Janfa|Silas Janafa]]
| Olóselú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| [[Sola Akinyede]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007-05-29
| 2011-06-06
| 
|-
| [[Sule Yari Gandi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05-29
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Suleiman Ajadi]]
| Òṣèlú ní Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2003&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Timothy Adudu]]
| Ọlọ́run ńpe Nigeriya
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Tòkunbọ̀ Afikúyọ̀mí|Tokunbo Afikuyomi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Tupele-Ebi Diffa]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Ugochukwu Uba]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Ugbane Yahaye]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Umar Ibrahim Tsauri]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Usman Sanni Sami]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Usman Kibiya Umar]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-05
| [[Fáìlì:Sen Usman Kibiya Umar.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Usman Adamu]]
| 
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Wahab Dosunmu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999-06-03
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Zik Sunday Ambuno]]
| oloselu ara Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-05
| 2007-05
| 
|-
| [[Mudasiru Oyetunde Hussein]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Musiliu Obanikoro]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Wahab Dosumu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Iyorchia Ayu]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1992-12-05
| 1993-11-17
| [[Fáìlì:Iyorchia Ayu 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16105634|Idi Othman Guda]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16149860|Prince Adedayo Clement Adeyeye]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2019-11-14
| [[Fáìlì:IMG PRINCE ADEYEYE.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16150077|Kanu Godwin Agabi]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| [[Monsurat Sunmonu]]
| Olóselú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Monsurat-sunmonu-pic.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Baba Tela]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17541203|Ameh Ebute]]''
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria àti agbejoro
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1992-12-05
| 1993-11-17
| 
|-
| [[Ipalibo Banigo]]
| Dókítà oníṣègùn Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| [[Binta Masi Garba]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19668719|Patrick Abba Moro]]''
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19668818|Abubakar Sani Bello]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lolo Hot Springs, Lolo, MT, 2011 1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19895375|Osinakachukwu Ideozu]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Solomon Olamilekan Adeola]]
| Nàìjíríà Chartered Accountant ati Alagba
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2023
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Solomo Adeola.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ben Murray-Bruce]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-05-29
| 
| 
|-
| [[Adamu Bala]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Ahmed Zuruq]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999-05-29
| 2003-05-29
| 
|-
| [[Amah Iwuagwu]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Chris Adighije]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03
| 
| 
|-
| [[Gilbert E. Nnaji]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2015-06-04&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Iyabo Anisulowo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Joshua Adagba]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Kola Ogunwale]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Nurudeen Abatemi Usman]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2011-06-06
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Olubunmi Adetunbi]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Sani Kamba]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2003-06-03&lt;br/&gt;2003-05
| 2007-06-05&lt;br/&gt;2007-05
| 
|-
| [[Spiff Inatim Rufus]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Tokunbo Ogunbanjo]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Títù Olupitan]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2003-06-03
| 2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Michael Opeyemi Bamidele]]
| Agbẹjọro Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20774324|Olaka Nwogu]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982202|Mao Arukwe Ohuabunwa]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Dave Umahi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dave Umahi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Dino Mélayé|Dino Melaiye]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-08-23
| [[Fáìlì:Dino Melaye at AMVCA 2020 02.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21175232|Shehu Sani]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria, onkowe ati ajafẹtọ ọmọ eniyan
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21598122|Haliru Dantoro]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1992
| 1992
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21997883|Gyang Pwajok]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2012-10
| 2015-06-04
| 
|-
| [[Fatimat Raji-Rasaki|Fatimat Olufunke Raji-Rasaki]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Sen Adefemi Kila &amp; Sen Raji Rasaki.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Rose Okoji Oko]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 2020-03
| 
|-
| [[Uche Ekwunife]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Uche Ekwunife.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23636295|Yusuf Abubakar Yusuf]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 
| 
|-
| [[Bassey Albert Akpan|Bassey Albert]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2023-05&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23933538|Ifeanyi Ubah]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-02-25
| 2024-07-27
| [[Fáìlì:FC IFEANYI UBAH visit to WestHam United fc....... 7.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[John Owan Enoh]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:John Enoh.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24975774|Hamisu Musa]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Abubakar Kyari]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| [[Tokunbo Abiru]]
| oṣiṣẹ banki Naijiria ti o ṣe aṣeyọri, oniṣiro oniṣiro ati oloselu
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27517405|Lere Oyewumi]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27662340|Onyewuchi Ezenwa]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2022-06
| 2022-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-11
| 
|-
| [[Oluranti Adebule]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Vice President, Shri M. Hamid Ansari and Smt. Salma Ansari being received by the Deputy Governor of Lagos, Dr. (Mrs.) Oluranti Adebule, on their arrival, at Murtala Muhammed International Airport, in Lagos, Nigeria.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28420151|Buruju Kashamu]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Buruji Kashamu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Lanre Tejuosho]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Lanre tejuosho.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28600192|Francis Alimikhena]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Francis Alimikhena.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29363716|Nelson Effiong]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2003-06-03
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2007-06-05
| 
|-
| [[Tony Nwoye]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30673985|Ned Nwoko]]''
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Onyali and Nwoko.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Ademola Adeleke]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2017
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q33113565|Christopher Stephen Ekpenyong]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Chris Ekpenyong.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Betty Apiafi]]
| oloselu
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Betty Apiafi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35536955|Gumau Yahaya]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2018-03&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-11
| 2023-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Lawal Yahaya Gumau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Aishatu Jibril Dukku]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35538185|Agom Jarigbe]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2021-09-15&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jarigbe Agom.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Darlington Nwokocha]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-11
| 2023-11-04
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35539352|Jika Dauda Halliru]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35539386|Douye Diri]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2020-02-11
| [[Fáìlì:Diri walking to the stage at SK Fest 2024 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abubakar Lado]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| [[Emmanuel Yisa Orker-Jev]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q35540252|Istifanus Gyang]]''
| Olóṣèlú naijiriya
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41693557|Jibrin I Barau]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Barau I Jibrin cropped portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41805511|Andrew Uchendu]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42563987|Barry Mpigi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47456115|Abdullahi Abubakar Gumel]]''
| Oloselu
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| [[Franca Afegbua]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50345435|Suleiman Othman Hunkuyi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Abiodun Olujimi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52274670|Clifford Ordia]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ordia.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53844501|David Umaru]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2014-06
| 2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53844504|Sabi Abdulahi]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ovie Omo-Agege]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55808166|Raji Ayoola Adeleke]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56222206|Samuel Anyanwu]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59828951|Friday K. Benson]]''
| oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ajíbọ́lá Bàṣírù|Ajibola Bashiru]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61731589|Abdul-Aziz Nyako]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06-06
| 2019-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61743048|Ahmad Abubakar]]''
| Olórí ìlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61756840|Bala Ibn Naallah]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| [[Isah Misau]]
| Alagba Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61942446|Adebayo Rafiu Ibrahim]]''
| Oloṣelu Naijiria ati Sẹnetọ to n ṣoju agbegbe igbimọ asofin ipinlẹ Kwara
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61992005|Malam Wakili]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 2018-03-17
| 
|-
| [[Tolu Odebiyi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62050387|Ibrahim Yahaya Oloriegbe]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2022
| 
|-
| [[Adebayo Osinowo]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-06
| 2020-06-15
| 
|-
| [[Lọlá Áṣírù|Lola Ashiru]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lola Ashiru.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62594993|Foster Ogola]]''
| 
| 
| 2015-06-09
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62604069|Uba Sani]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Mal Uba Sani.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Abdulfatai Buhari]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62604245|Gershom Bassey]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62733959|Peter Nwaoboshi]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2019
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09&lt;br/&gt;2023
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62894523|Joseph Ogba]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2023-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63016244|Bello Mandiya]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63016717|Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-06
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Hassan Hadejia1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63029332|Suleiman Abdu Kwari]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63050503|Tijjani Yahaya Kaura]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63117844|Matthew Urhoghide]]''
| Oloselu  Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2023-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63142317|Utazi Chukwuka]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63190460|Duro Faseyi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-06
| 2019-06-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63190467|Benjamin Uwajumogu]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-12-18
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63819587|Sandy Ojang Onor]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64010361|Kurfi Umaru]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64744009|Ibrahim Mohammed Bomai]]''
| Alagba Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim-Bomai.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Akon Eyakenyi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Akon Eyakenyi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Aishatu Dahiru Ahmed]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| [[Fáìlì:Aishatu Binani.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65030774|Mohammed Kola Balogun]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà ati senato lati ipinle Oyo
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-06
| 
|-
| [[Binos Dauda Yaroe|Yaroe Binos Dauda]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2023-02-25&lt;br/&gt;2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ishaku Abbo|Ishaku Elisha Abbo]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-10-16
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Ishaku Abbo 2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q66005216|Yakubu Oseni]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q66291380|Danjuma Laah]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2023-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06
| [[Fáìlì:Danjuma Laah at Afan 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q66606809|Olubunmi Ayodeji Adetunmbi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q67080058|Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72764183|Shuaibu Isa Lau]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2017-07-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83688127|Hezekiah Ayuba Dimka]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-06
| [[Fáìlì:Hezekiah Dimka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83688256|Ignatius Datong Longjan]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2020-02-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83689174|Lawali Hassan Anka]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2020
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83689398|Adamu Muhammad Bulkachuwa]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83689501|Francis Adenigba Fadahunsi]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83802158|Suleiman Sadiq Umar]]''
| Alagba Naijiria
| 
| 2019-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83947188|Godiya Akwashiki]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2023-06
| 2023-06
| [[Fáìlì:Godiya.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84579883|Nicholas Tofowomo]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84712546|Ibrahim Abdullahi Danbaba]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2019&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-09
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84721887|Jibrin Isah]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2023-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84724262|Biobarakuma Wangagha Degi Eremienyo]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84991358|Abdullahi Abubakar Yahaya]]''
| Olóṣèlu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06&lt;br/&gt;2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06-13
| 2019-06&lt;br/&gt;2023-06
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Yahaya Abubakar Abdullahi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85176801|Lawal Hassan Anka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85748522|Amos Bulus Kilawangs]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85785167|Michael Ama Nnachi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85799574|Sani Mohammed]]''
| 
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85912730|Mohammed Sabo]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| [[Fáìlì:Nakudu 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Muhammad Bima Enagi]]
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| [[Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11&lt;br/&gt;2015-06-06
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sen. Aliyu Sabi Abdullahi, Chair, Senate Committee on Media &amp; Public Affairs, Abuja.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Sani Musa]]
| Eyi jẹ Alagba ile Nàìjíríà (Niger East
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mr Mohammed Sani Musa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93342274|Margery Chuba-Okadigbo]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2012-07
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96359151|Obinna Ogba]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96973629|Abubakar Sani Danladi]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-05
| 2017-06-23
| 
|-
| [[Sunday Marshall Katung]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà ati agbẹjọro
| 
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Katung at SK Fest 2024 offstage.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101438711|Haruna Manu]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Manu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106572540|Nora Dadu'ut]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2020&lt;br/&gt;2020-12
| 2023-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106782564|Saliu Mustapha]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Saliu Mustapha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107491747|Tayo Alasoadura]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108063138|Kabir Barkiya]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 2023-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110977332|Chukwuma Frank Ibezim]]''
| 
| 
| 2021-04
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Chukwuma Frank Ibezim.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111086547|Moses Cleopas]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2019-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087716|Mustapha Bukar]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà ni yii
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-06-09
| 2018-04-04
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087840|Muhammad Shitu]]''
| 
| 
| 2015-06-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087846|Joseph Dada]]''
| Oṣelu ni Naijiria
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087847|Donald Omotayo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087850|Baba Garba]]''
| Alagba Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-06-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087852|Yele Omogunwa]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2015-06
| 2019-06
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111087856|Rilwan Akambi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2015-05
| 2019-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111141491|Chris Emeka Azubogu]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111141676|Simon Davou Mwadkwon]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111148458|Mike N.I. Ajegbo]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| 
| 1999-05
| 2003-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111152093|Lekan Balogun]]''
| Òṣèlú ní Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111153363|Muhammed Hassan]]''
| 
| 
| 2015-06-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111164990|Danladi Bamaiyi]]''
| 
| 
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111164999|Salman Is'haq]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 1999
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111328753|Stephen Adi Odey]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 2021-07-30
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113541090|Abubakar Sadiku Ohere]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114130099|Olubiyi Fadeyi]]''
| Oloore Ilu Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116963143|Ireti Kingibe]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ireti Kingibe 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117012486|AMINU IYA ABBAS]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117012757|Aniekan Bassey]]''
| 
| 
| 2023-02-25
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aniekan bassey.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Akpan Ekong Sampson|AKPAN EKONG SAMPSON]]
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117021365|UMEH VICTOR CHUKWUNONYELU]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117021455|Umar Shehu Buba]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-02-25
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117289474|Joel-Onowakpo Thomas]]''
| 
| 
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117808443|Napoleon Bali]]''
| Olórí ìlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-12
| 2023-09-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117811710|Kelvin Chukwu]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117844531|Garba Maidoki]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Benson Sunday Agadaga]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118830663|Heacho Allwell Onyesoh]]''
| Oloselu Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q119768366|Eteng Jonah Williams]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120001918|Osita Ngwu]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà (born 1978)
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120720782|Bernards Neda Imasuen]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120721069|Monday Okpebholo]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Monday Okpebholo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120721332|Yaro Anthony Siyako]]''
| Olóselú naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06
| 
| 
|-
| [[Kaka Shehu Lawan|Shehu Kaka Lawan]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120722678|Abiodun Sharafadeen Alli]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| 
| 2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ahmad Abdulhamid Malam Madori|Ahmed Mallam- Madori Abdulhamid]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120736736|Olusegun Cyril Oluwole Fasuyi]]''
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06-13
| 
| 
|-
| [[Nwebonyi Onyeka Peter]]
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2023-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124791290|Amos Yohanna]]''
| 
| 
| 2023-10-16
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>psu6dum8clkr0pvno24zui2ni5mmen6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Pan-African Parliament</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66609</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622144</id>
      <parentid>621368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T16:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622144</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16095" sha1="ef94ujitujj8n4x6mjfvd40e6loacq8" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Pan-African Parliament who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q30277603 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q30277603/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q30277603/P580:Start date,P39/Q30277603/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6742942|Malebaka Flory Bulane]]''
| 
| [[Lèsóthò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6745570|Mamdouh Hosny Khalil]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6760997|Maria Angelina Dique Enoque]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6762725|Marie-ThérèseToyi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6762735|Marie Agba-Otikpo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6762766|Marie Blandine Sawadogo]]''
| 
| [[Burkina Faso|Bùrkínà Fasò]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6778573|Marwick Khumalo]]''
| 
| [[Eswatini]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6787667|Matlapeng Ray Molomo]]''
| 
| [[Bòtswánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799571|Joseph Mbah Ndam]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Opposition lawmaker Joseph Mbah Ndam on the rostrum, in Yaounde, Cameroon, April 4, 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799647|Mbaydoum Simeon]]''
| 
| [[Tsad]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799739|Mbonda Elie]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6847499|Mike Kennedy Sebalu]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6873258|Miria Matembe]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Miria-Matembe.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6890948|Mohamed Abdoulkader Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Djìbútì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891477|Mohamed Salah Zaray]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891478|Mohamed Salama Badi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Salama Badi 2019-01-29.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893178|Mohammed Kumalia]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893189|Mohammed Lutfi Farhat]]''
| 
| [[Líbyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893276|Mohammed Ragab Ahmad]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893473|Mohammed el-Hadhiri]]''
| 
| [[Líbyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6919199|Aïssata Mounkaïla]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6926281|Moustapha Dicko]]''
| 
| [[Mali|Málì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6928258|Mphiwa Dlamini]]''
| 
| [[Eswatini]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6936060|Munhawa Sousa Salvador]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6949725|Mário José Carvalho de Lima]]''
| 
| [[Kepu Ferde (Cape Verde)|Kepu Ferde]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6950074|Mélanie Komzo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6958826|Nagia Essayed]]''
| 
| [[Líbyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Orlanda Maria Duarte Santos Ferreira]]
| 
| [[Kepu Ferde (Cape Verde)|Kepu Ferde]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7103884|Orou Gabé Orou Sego]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7110235|Oubkiri Marc Yao]]''
| 
| [[Burkina Faso|Bùrkínà Fasò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7116578|Oziel Hlalele Motaung]]''
| 
| [[Lèsóthò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Patrica Ndogu]]
| Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7155466|Paurina Mpariwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192146|Pierre Claver Nahimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7193770|Pilar Buepoyo Boseka]]''
| 
| [[Guinea Alágedeméjì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7257109|Ptomsoouwé Batchassi]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7282795|Ragab Muftah Abudabus]]''
| 
| [[Líbyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7311784|Remidus E. Kissassi]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7313777|René Radembino Coniquet]]''
| 
| [[Gàbọ̀n]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7365027|Ronald Koone Sebego]]''
| 
| [[Bòtswánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7399554|Sahbi Karoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7428343|Saviour Kasukuwere]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Saviour Kasukuwere - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7430888|Schadrack Niyonkuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7492872|Sheik I. Kamara]]''
| 
| [[Siẹrra Léònè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7508826|Sidibé Korian Sidibé]]''
| 
| [[Mali|Málì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7515068|Isabelle Manamourou Silikam]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7519957|Simon Vuwa Kaunda]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7558266|Solitoki Esso]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 2022-03
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7564454|Souleiman Miyir Ali]]''
| 
| [[Djìbútì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7615016|Steven Malamba]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7650988|Suzanne Vos]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7655840|Zwelethu Lukanyiso Madasa]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7799883|Théophile Nata]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 2004
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7849929|Tsudao Gurirab]]''
| 
| [[Namibia|Nàmíbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8008877|William Shija]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12667216|Ompie Nkumbula-Lieventhal]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16193066|Hasna Mohamed Dato]]''
| 
| [[Djìbútì]]
| 2004
| 2009
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16474098|Thabang Nyeoe]]''
| 
| [[Lèsóthò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16727764|Loyce Biira Bwambale]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16731171|Jalel Lakadar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732593|Ngarindo Milengar]]''
| 
| [[Tsad]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733428|Letuka Nkole]]''
| 
| [[Lèsóthò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Shirley Iumeleng Tiny Segokgo]]
| 
| [[Bòtswánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16885575|Ismaël Tidjani Serpos]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19559941|Bethel Nnaemeka Amadi]]''
| Olóṣèlú
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21866844|Roger Nkodo Dang]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27517197|Su'ad al-Fatih al-Badawi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q124943|Kingdom of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Sudan]]
| 2004
| 2008
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93336956|Betty Okagua-Apiafi]]''
| 
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 2007
| 2015
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110656156|Belco Samassékou]]''
| 
| [[Mali|Málì]]
| 2014
| 2020
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124040168|Nehemiah Modubule]]''
| 
| [[Bòtswánà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nehemiah Modubule.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[John Dramani Mahama]]
| 
| [[Gánà|Ghánà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:John Mahama in Yokohama (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58186|Phandu Skelemani]]''
| 
| [[Bòtswánà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Phandu Skelemani 2014.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58260|Arvin Boolell]]''
| 
| [[Mọ́rísì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Arvin Boolell, 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q178176|Abraham Ossei Aidooh]]''
| 
| [[Gánà|Ghánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem (1980).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye]]
| 
| [[Tsad]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q455223|Gertrude Mongella]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gertrude Mongella crop.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q722327|Bénéwendé Stanislas Sankara]]''
| 
| [[Burkina Faso|Bùrkínà Fasò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bénéwendé Stanislas Sankara - 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q781111|Austin Liato]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q804894|Baleka Mbete]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Baleka Mbete.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q864065|Bintanding Jarju]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q967740|Aden Robleh Awaleh]]''
| 
| [[Djìbútì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aden Robleh Awaleh in 2006.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1390067|Fabakary Jatta]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1524043|Gilbert Noël Ouédraogo]]''
| 
| [[Burkina Faso|Bùrkínà Fasò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1525179|Kalifa Kambi]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1860273|Monir Fakhri Abdelnur]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mounir Fakhry Abdel Nour Senate of Poland.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1949199|Moses Muteteka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2074457|Peter Daka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2522820|Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2646607|Malik Al-Hassan Yakubu]]''
| 
| [[Gánà|Ghánà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:2477970261 Gertrude Mongella.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821497|Abel Epalanga Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abel Chivukuvuku 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2827005|Agnès Mukabaranga]]''
| 
| [[Rwanda|Rùwándà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mukabaranga Agnes.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2843389|Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye]]''
| 
| [[Senegal|Sẹ̀nẹ̀gàl]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125967|Halifa Sallah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Halifa Sallah 2016.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318398|Mohamed Bazoum]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Bazoum at the European Commission - P060245-844068 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3326057|Mountaga Tall]]''
| 
| [[Mali|Málì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3407786|Prosper Higiro]]''
| 
| [[Rwanda|Rùwándà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474839|Saida Agrebi]]''
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Saida Agrebi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3847967|Idriss Ndele Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Tsad]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664734|Abdel Ahad Gamal El Din]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665198|Abdu Katuntu]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abdul-Katuntu1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665885|Abdulla Edriss Ebrahim]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4670269|Abu Mbawa Kongobah]]''
| 
| [[Siẹrra Léònè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4683147|Adjaratou Abdoulaye]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4695917|Ahmed Mohamed Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Djìbútì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4738971|Ama Benyiwa-Doe]]''
| 
| [[Gánà|Ghánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4739203|Amal Nuri Safar]]''
| 
| [[Líbyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4739855|Amani W. A. Kabourou]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4749653|Améyo Adja]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4760021|André Obami Itou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4768083|Anne-Marie Goumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4803981|Ascofare Oulematou Tamboura]]''
| 
| [[Mali|Málì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4815692|Athumani Saidi Mwinshehe Janguo]]''
| 
| [[Tanzania|Tànsáníà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4821112|Augustin Iyamuremye]]''
| 
| [[Rwanda|Rùwándà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4837318|Baba Jigida]]''
| 
| [[Siẹrra Léònè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4841119|Badreddine Missaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4885218|Ben Amathila]]''
| 
| [[Namibia|Nàmíbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4896329|Besnat Jere]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4949361|Boudina Mostefa]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4979540|Rosine Soglo]]''
| Oloṣelu Benin (1934-2021)
| [[Benin]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rosine Vieyra Soglo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5022768|Callista Chimombo]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Callista Chimombo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5073688|Chara Bachir]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5082459|Charles Shanyurai Majange]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5186053|Crispin Shumina]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Danboyi Usman]]
| Olóṣèlú Naijiria
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sen- Saleh Usman Danboyi 2014-03-08 22-17.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5227869|Dauda Kamara]]''
| 
| [[Siẹrra Léònè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5290428|Domingos Manuel Njinga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5305823|Draoui Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340644|Eduardo Joaquim Mulémbwè]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5347539|Efigênia dos Santos Lima Clemente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5364520|Ella Kamanya]]''
| 
| [[Namibia|Nàmíbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5371550|Emile Diatta]]''
| 
| [[Senegal|Sẹ̀nẹ̀gàl]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5379334|Enoch Teye Mensah]]''
| 
| [[Gánà|Ghánà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5399952|Elie Victor Essomba Tsoungui]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5415197|Eva Verona Teixeira Ortet]]''
| 
| [[Kepu Ferde (Cape Verde)|Kepu Ferde]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5437837|Fatima Hajaig]]''
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5645794|Hammi Larouissi]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5680106|Hassoumi Massoudou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hassoumi Massoudou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5745625|Heshmat Fahmi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5984382|Ibra Diouf]]''
| 
| [[Senegal|Sẹ̀nẹ̀gàl]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5997394|Rodwell Munyenyembe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6003530|Imbia Sylvester Itoe]]''
| 
| [[Cameroon (orílẹ̀-èdè)|Kamẹrúùnù]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6019041|Paul Temba Nyathi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6077711|Isabel Nkavadeka]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6110703|Jachan Mandir Omach]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6168959|Jean-Baptiste Manwangari]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6168974|Jean-Baptiste Nouganga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169165|Jean-Claude Siapa Ivouloungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169634|Jean-Marie Mokole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àrin Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6182886|Jerome Chabi Sacca Kina Guézéré]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 2004
| 2005
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6185640|Jerónimo Elavoko Wanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6276249|Joram Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6292303|José Gabriel Manteigas]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6293010|José Manuel Gomes Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Kepu Ferde (Cape Verde)|Kepu Ferde]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6298027|João Baptista Ferreira Medina]]''
| 
| [[Kepu Ferde (Cape Verde)|Kepu Ferde]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6367491|Kara Baya]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6372549|Karlous Marx Shinohamba]]''
| 
| [[Namibia|Nàmíbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6386988|Kemoh Sesay]]''
| 
| [[Siẹrra Léònè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6400993|Khauhelo Deborah Raditapole]]''
| 
| [[Lèsóthò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6488716|Larba Yarga]]''
| 
| [[Burkina Faso|Bùrkínà Fasò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Lee Maeba]]
| Olóṣèlú Nàìjíríà
| [[Nàìjíríà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6686903|Louis Chimango]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6689633|Loum N. Neloumsei Elise]]''
| 
| [[Tsad]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6689635|Loumonvi Fombo]]''
| 
| [[Tógò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6692314|Loveness Gondwe]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6707636|Lydia Katjita]]''
| 
| [[Namibia|Nàmíbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[M. J. Mahlangu]]
| 
| [[Gúúsù Áfríkà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mninwa Johannes Mahlangu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6712755|M. K. Mubanga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6722501|Verónica Macamo]]''
| 
| [[Mòsámbìkì|Mòsámbìk]]
| 2004
| 
| [[Fáìlì:President of National Assembly, Veronica Macamo, at Maputo, in Mozambique (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6733019|Mahamane Saley]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>ef94ujitujj8n4x6mjfvd40e6loacq8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Angola</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66615</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622223</id>
      <parentid>621973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T00:21:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="57168" sha1="c3niu677fparmxoulmwqwvlg55zyrv5" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the National Assembly of Angola who was Member of the National Assembly twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q20179557 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q20179557/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q20179557/P580:Start date,P39/Q20179557/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[José Eduardo dos Santos]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:José Eduardo dos Santos 2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem (1980).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q369895|Isaías Samakuva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Isaias Samakuva April 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Paulo Kassoma]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Paulo Kassoma, 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q424407|Akwá]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:FIFA World Cup 2006, Iran 1-1 Angola (07).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q962717|Paulo Teixeira Jorge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q973742|Manuel Vicente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Manuel Vicente 2014 DOS.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Lopo do Nascimento]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lopo do Nascimento.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1624159|Welwitschia dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Pọ́rtúgàl]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tchize dos santos.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821497|Abel Epalanga Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2012-09-27
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abel Chivukuvuku 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857736|António dos Santos França]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3069456|Fernando Faustino Muteka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3181032|John Bella]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3187284|João Bernardo de Miranda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:João Bernardo de Miranda - 2005 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3268186|Luís Gomes Sambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3375954|Maria Odeth Tavares]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3810723|João Melo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4733786|Almerindo Jaka Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4750344|Ana Dias Lourenço]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ana Dias Lourenço (cropp).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4777533|António Bento Bembe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4931550|Boaventura Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5044792|Carolina Cerqueira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Carolina Cerqueira - 1st Session of the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5256370|Demosthenes Amos Chilingutila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5350621|Ekuikui IV]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5483447|Francisco Lopes Higino Carneiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2008
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6280350|Josefina Pitra Diakité]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Josefina Pitra Diakite.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6305249|Julião Mateus Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6444389|Kundy Paihama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6671916|Adriano Botelho de Vasconcelos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6696242|Lucas Ngonda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6752791|Manuel Pedro Pacavira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2016-09-12
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6794396|Mawete João Baptista]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6844661|Miguel Maria N'Zau Puna]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7022496|Ngola Kabangu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7160040|Pedro de Morais Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7199028|Pitra Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7351774|Roberto Leal Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Leider van Angolese leger Luitenant kolonel Roberto Monteiro (bijnaam Ngongo) ti, Bestanddeelnr 932-0893.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10323941|Manuel Antonio Rabelais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10365296|Ruy Mingas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10387078|Uanhenga Xitu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11082410|Pedro Mutindi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-10-29
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pedro Mutindi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13563288|Palmira Barbosa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13563289|Filomena Trindade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14425057|Gustavo da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15361222|Paulo Lukamba Gato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2008
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16336949|Bornito de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2012-09-27
| 2022-08
| [[Fáìlì:Bornito de Sousa 2022.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16337620|Joana Lina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16497857|Bento Joaquim Sebastião Francisco Bento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bento bento3.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18237182|Alberto do Carmo Bento Ribeiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alberto Ribeiro, 1978.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20730292|David Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29359461|Rafael Massanga Sakaita Savimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876330|Ananias Escórcio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2016-04-01
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876705|Domingos João Ferreira Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876723|Guilhermina Contreiras da Costa Prata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876771|Jeremias Dumbo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876789|Victória Francisca Correia Da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30345017|José Samuel Chiwale]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30345887|Ernesto Mulato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ernesto Mulato.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q44812203|Maria Filomena de Fátima Lobão Telo Delgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51077235|Victória Izata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883033|Isabel Peliganga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883162|Aldina da Lomba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883207|Adelina Chilica]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883208|Albertina Navemba Ngolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883209|Carolina Cristina Elias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883210|Cândida Celeste da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883212|Helena Bonguela Abel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883214|Josefina Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883215|Luzia Inglês Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Luzia Inglês (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883315|Amélia Calumbo Quinta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883316|Amélia Judith Ernesto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883317|Ana Ndala Fernando]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883318|Arlete Chimbinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Arletechimbinda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883319|Clarice Mukinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883320|Eduarda Magalhães]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883321|Elvira Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883322|Josefa da Assunção]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883324|Júlia Agostinho Celeste]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883325|Luísa Damião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883327|Madalena Hanosike]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883328|Maria Ornelas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883329|Maria Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883330|Mariana Afonso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883331|Michaela Kopumi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883332|Miraldina Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883333|Nazaré Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883334|Odete Domingos dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883335|Ruth Adriano Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883339|Suzana Augusto de Melo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883340|Teresa Chipia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883342|Yolanda de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883409|Maria Valente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224001|Cesinanda Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224006|Maria Vitória Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224014|Regina Eduardo Txipoia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224023|Eulália Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224026|Eugénia Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53850376|Maria Mutunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824055|Amália Maria Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974285|Jorge Ribeiro Uefu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974286|Jorge Vitorino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974288|José Alberto Quipungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974289|José António Lopes Semedo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974290|José Artur Carmo Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974291|José Carlos Ilenga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974292|José Eduardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974293|José Francisco Tingão Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974294|José Maria Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974295|José Miúdo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974296|José Miúdo Ndambuca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974297|José Moisés Cipriano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974298|João António Lineha Muhembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974299|João de Almeida Azevedo Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974300|João Diogo Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974301|João Fernando Mucanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974302|João Garcia Quitas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974303|João José Guerra de Freitas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974304|João Luís Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974305|João Manuel Francisco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974306|João Muzaza Caweza]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974307|João Segunda Ungaji]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974308|João Vicente Viemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974309|Justino Feltro da Costa Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974311|Kilamba Kiuyima Sebastião Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974312|Leonel Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974313|Liberty Marlin Dircéu Samuel Chiaka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974314|Lindo Bernardo Tito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974315|Lourenço Alberto Chungo Lumingo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974318|Luís de Oliveira Rasgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974319|Luís Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974323|Manuel António Gaspar Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974324|Manuel Armando da Costa Ekuikui]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974325|Manuel da Cruz Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-10-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974326|Manuel Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974327|Manuel Lopes Moniz Dembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974328|Manuel Sampaio Mucanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974329|Manuel Savihemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974331|Maria Do Carmo Assis Do Nascimento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974336|Maria Luísa de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974339|Maria Teresa da Felicidade Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974341|Mateus Isabel Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974342|Maurílio Luciano Sabino Luiele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974343|Mendes Bartolomeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974347|Monteiro Pinto Kapunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974348|Morais António Neves Tomás]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974349|Mário Salomão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974351|Nuno dos Anjos Caldas Albino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974352|Nvunda Benvindo Das Neves Salucombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974354|Ovídio Pahula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974355|Paulino Nzuzi Mpoloantinu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974356|Paulo Pombolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974357|Pedro Augusto Conga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974358|Pedro Diavova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974359|Pedro Makita Armando Júlia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974360|Pereira Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974361|Raúl Augusto Lima]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974363|Raúl Tati]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974365|Rosa Cacuhu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974367|Santa Simão Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974369|Sediangani Mbimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974370|Serafim Maria Do Prado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974371|Sikonda Lulendo Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974372|Simão Albino António Dembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974373|Sérgio Leonardo Vaz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974374|Sérgio Luther Rescova Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974376|Tomás Simão da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974377|Veríssimo Sapalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974378|Vicente José da Costa Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974379|Victorino Nhany]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974381|Virgílio Pedro Samussongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974382|Víctor Mário Chicua Kajibanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974383|Vígilio da Ressureição Bernardo Adriano Tyova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974385|Zacarias Davoca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974402|Mário Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974677|Abílio José Augusto Kamalata Numa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974678|Adão Cristóvão Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974679|Afonso Maria Vaba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974680|Albertina Chitumbo Cuvango Limueta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974681|Albertina Cugingomoco Muxindo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974682|Albertina Teresa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974683|Alexandre António Mota Coelho Moreira Bastos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974684|Alfredo Berner]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974685|Ana Maravilha Borges Alé Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974686|Ana Maria Manuel João Taveira José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974688|Anabela Manuel dos Santos Alberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974690|Anatilde de Jesus de Oliveira Freire Campos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974691|Angelina Adolfo Macai]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974692|Anita Raquel Bela Filipe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974693|António Francisco Cortez]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974694|António Victorino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974696|Armando Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974697|Aurora Junjo Cassule]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974698|Carlos Alberto Ferreira Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974699|Carlos Alberto Pereira dos Santos Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974700|Carlos da Rocha Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974701|Carlos de Oliveira Fontoura]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974702|Carlos Domingues Bendinha de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974703|Cassongo João da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974704|Clarice Matilde Munga Kaputu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824056|Anabela Caiovo Gunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824057|Angélica Nené Curita]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824060|Ansia Camuanga Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824061|Bibiana Nandombua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824062|Dulce Ginga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824063|Emília Dias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824064|Ermelinda Máquina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824065|Evelize Fresta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824066|Joana Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824077|Luciana Rafael]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824078|Maria Taveya]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824081|Maria Escovalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824082|Maria Fortes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824083|Odeth Ludovina Baca Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824084|Rebeca Muaca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824085|Teresa de Jesus Gonçalves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824097|Maria Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56347304|Pedro Agostinho de Neri]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59102914|Anibal Lopes Rocha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59164229|Abel Xavier Nzuzi Lubota]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2023-12-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59164305|Adalberto Costa Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Adalberto Costa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59180409|Abel Lourenço Chocolate]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59180465|Adriano Abel Sapinãla]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209455|Adriano Meireles Patrocínio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2023-04-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209460|Adérito Jaime Fernandes Kandambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209550|Alberto Francisco Ngalanela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209555|Alcides Sakala Simões]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209560|Alexandre Sebastião André]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209566|Alfredo Junqueira Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283394|Alberto Paulino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283395|Alicerces Paulo Bartolomeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283398|Amilcar Campos Colela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660256|Américo António Cuononoca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660258|Anastácio Artur Ruben Sicato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660259|André Gaspar Mendes de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660331|Antónino Filipe Tchiyulo Jeremias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60440504|Raúl Danda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60865113|Manuel Domingos Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Foreign Minister Augusto (47420242361) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60983576|Cândido Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61014621|Henrique Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61014623|Joaquim David]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61017245|José Joana André]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61020491|João Kussumua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61960012|Roberto Francisco de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Roberto de Almeida 710.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97482111|Jorge Inocêncio Dombolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97496861|Ernesto Muangala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105072183|Paula Simons]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491321|Isaac Francisco Maria dos Anjos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491332|Julio Bessa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491346|Pedro Sebastião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491350|Salomão José Luheto Xirimbimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108391566|Sérgio de Sousa Mendes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109984869|João Ernesto dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:João Ernesto dos Santos, Defense Minister of Angola during a bilateral exchange at the Pentagon on May 28, 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109984872|Faustina Fernandes Inglês de Almeida Alves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111517202|Virgílio Ferreira de Fontes Pereira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111517205|Pinda Simão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-11-19
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111937228|Armando da Cruz Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954380|Genoveva da Conceição Lino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954382|Manuel Gonçalves Muandumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954386|João Baptista Ngandagina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954409|Manuel Nunes Junior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954414|Maria Ângela Teixeira Bragança]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954426|Victoria Francisco Lopes de Barros Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974236|Agostinho Ndjaka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974237|António dos Santos Filipe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974238|António Evaristo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974239|António Feliciano Ferreira Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974240|Araújo Macyke Pena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974241|Armando Capunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974242|Augusto Pedro Makuta Nkondo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974243|Benedito Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974244|Bento Raimundo Kandala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974245|Carlos Tiago Kandanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974246|Celso Eduardo Torres Capingãla]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974248|Cândida Maria Guilherme Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974249|Daniel António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974250|Diamantino Domingos Mussocola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974251|Diógenes Do Espírito Santo Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974252|Domingos Afonso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974253|Domingos Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974254|Eduardo Dumbo Delfino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974255|Eduardo Gomes Nelumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974256|Elias Piedoso Chimuco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974261|Estevão José Pedro Kachiungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974265|Fele António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974266|Felino Job]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974267|Fernando Bartolomeu Cativa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974268|Francisco Boaventura Canjongo Chitapa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974269|Francisco Gaio Kakoma António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974270|Franco Meneses Marcolino Nhani]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974271|Félix Simão Lucas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974272|Gabriel Hilifavali]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974273|Gilberto Manuel Pereira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974276|Jesuíno Manuel da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974279|Joaquim António Carlos Reis Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974280|Joaquim Frederico D'almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974281|Joaquim José Migueis]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974282|Joaquim Nafoia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974283|Job Pedro Castelo Capapinha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974284|Jorge Miguêns Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974705|Daniel José Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974707|Desidério da Graça Mpingue Kalenga Wapota]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974708|Domingos Kajama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974709|Domingos Martins Ngola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974710|Domingos Paulino Dembele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974712|Eduardo Kuangana]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974713|Elioth Wongimba Ekolelo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974714|Elisa Kata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974715|Eliseu Segunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974716|Elsa Maria da Conceição Ambriz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974717|Emílio José Homem Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974718|Eugénia Tamar Semente Chiaca Ngandalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974719|Eugênio Antonino Ngolo Manuvakola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974720|Eva Quibuba Cangudi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974721|Exalgina Reneé Vicente Olavo Gambôa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974722|Fernando Domingos Heitor da Costa Francisco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974723|Filipe Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974724|Florentino Gabriel Sambundo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974725|Francisca de Fátima Do Espírito Santo Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974726|Francisco Alberto Carlos Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974727|Francisco de Castro Maria]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974728|Francisco José Ramos da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974729|Francisco Magalhães Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974731|Gabinete Local Do Moxico]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974732|Garcia Vieira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974733|Gerdina Ulipamue Didalelwa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974734|Graciana Eugénia Manuel Pedro Neves Caetano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974735|Guilhermina Fundanga Manuel Mayer Alkaim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974737|Irene Alexandra da Silva Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974738|Joana Meta Fernandes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974739|Josefa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974740|Josefina Pandeinge Haleinge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974741|José da Costa Uamuhana]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974742|José Diogo Ventura]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974743|José Mangovo Tomé]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974744|José Mário Katiti]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974745|João Marques Ntiama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974746|João Muatonguela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974747|Julião Francisco Teixeira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974748|Larissa Chiola Rosa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974750|Leonor Esperança Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2015-01-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974751|Leonora Mbimbi de Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974752|Lourenço Diogo Contreiras Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974754|Luis Reis Paulo Cuanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974755|Manso João Miranda Pascoal]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974756|Manuel Augusto Fragata Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974757|Manuel Figueira Calunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974758|Manuel Francisco Tuta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974760|Marcelina Huna Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974761|Maria Buiti Makuala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974762|Maria Catarina Beúa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974763|Maria Do Rosário Amadeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974764|Maria Isabel Camué]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974765|Maria José de Sousa Gouveia Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974767|Marta Beatriz Do Carmo Issungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974768|Mfuca António Fuacaca Muzemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974770|Mário António Quexigina Luandanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974771|Mártires Correia Victor]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974772|Nicolau Sapalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974773|Palmira Domingos Pascoal Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974774|Panzo Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974775|Piedoso Chipindo Bonga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974776|Rodolfo da Ressurreição Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974777|Rosária Ernesto da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974778|Sabina Napolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974779|Serafina Miguel Emilia Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974781|Silvestre Gabriel Samy]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974782|Simão Geremias Boa Carroba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974783|Sofia Profírio Kassungo Mussonguela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974784|Suzana Pereira Bravo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974785|Sónia Moisés Nele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974786|Valeriano Chimo Cassuaué]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974787|Yaba Pedro Alberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974790|Ágata Maria Florinda Mbaka Raimundo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975093|Agostinho de Carvalho dos Santos Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-11-19&lt;br/&gt;2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975094|Amadeu Timóteo Malheiros de Amorim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-10-29
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975096|António Rodrigues Afonso Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975097|Deolinda Tchocondoca Valiangula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-12-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975098|Djamila Huguette da Silva de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-07-18
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975099|Eduardo Songuile Endome Faustino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975100|Eusébio de Brito Teixeira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-01-23
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975101|Ginga Afonso Miguel dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975103|José Maria Ferraz dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-01-23
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975104|João Marcelino Tyipinge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975105|Manuel Domingos Taby]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975106|Manuel Muteba Muxito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-11-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975107|Manuel Teodoro de Jesus Quarta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975108|Maria Augusta Leonel Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-10-27
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975109|Maria de Lourdes Roque Caposso Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975110|Paulo Horácio de Sequeira E Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975111|Rui Luís Falcão Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22&lt;br/&gt;2022-09-16
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rui Falcão press (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975113|Álvaro Manuel de Boavida Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994368|Dumilde das Chagas Rangel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994389|José Amaro Tati]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994450|Adriano Mendes de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994573|Francisco Sozinho Chihuissa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994576|Ernesto Fernando Kiteculo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994587|Cristóvão Domingos Francisco da Cunha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994591|Norberto Fernandes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042382|Frederico Manuel dos Santos e Silva Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042585|João Baptista Domingos Quiosa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042671|Joao Miguel Vahekeni]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043495|Adelino Marques de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043496|Adriana Sofia Cacuassa Bento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043497|Adélia Maria Pires da Conceição de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043498|Afonso Domingos Pedro Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043500|Alda Juliana Paulo Sachiambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043501|Alfredo Furtado de Azevedo Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043502|Alice Paulina Dombolo Chivaca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043503|Amaro Cacoma da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043505|Ana Maria da Silva Sousa e Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043506|Ana Maria de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043507|Ana Paula Cristóvão de Lemos dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043508|Anabela Trindade Jordão da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043509|Anabela da Graça Alexandre Leitão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043514|António Daniel Ventura de Azevedo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043515|António Sambuquila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043517|Beatriz Aurora Neves Salucombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043518|Carla Maria Leitão Ribeiro de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043519|Carlito Roberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043520|Carlos Francisco Conde]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043521|Carlos Magalhães]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043522|Catarina Pedro Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043524|Delfina Helena Inácio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043526|Edite Livila V. L. Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043527|Elias Satyohamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043528|Eufrazina Teresa da Costa Lopes Gomes Maiato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043529|Feliciano Lizana Ozar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043530|Felisbina Bento dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043531|Fernando Jonasse]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043535|Guilherme Cango]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043536|Inês Baca Cassule Camela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043537|Isabel Helena da Costa Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043538|Isabel Nlandu Morena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043540|Joaquim Wanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043541|José Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043542|José Manuel Chiwale]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043543|João Manuel Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043545|Júlio Tungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043546|Luís Wachihassa Maiajala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043549|Lúcia Maria Tomás]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043551|Manuel Lourenço Rocha da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043552|Manuel Pedro de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043553|Maria Eulália Andrade Camilo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043554|Maria Isabel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043555|Maria José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043556|Maria Madalena da Costa Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043557|Maria Rosa de Lourdes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043558|Maria Sebastião Inácio Jerónimo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043559|Maria da Conceição Wimbo Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043560|Maria de Assunção Vahekeni do Rosário]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043561|Maria de Fátima Munhica António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043563|Meneses Clemente Cambinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043564|Nimi Ya Simbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043565|Nzola Pierre Mamona]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043566|Paulo Gime]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043567|Pedrito Cuchiri]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043568|Pedro Domingos Peterson]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043569|Quintino António Moreira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043571|Raul José de Barcelos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043572|Raul Manuel Danda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043575|Rosa Pedro Afonso Garcia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043586|Sabonete Muancopotola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043588|Sapalo António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043589|Sara Luísa Mateus]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043626|Teresa de Jesus Cohen dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043627|Tito Chimona]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043663|Víctor Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113624589|Florbela Malaquías]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125167569|Sara Fialho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994806|Américo Kolonha Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994813|Agostinho Miquinho Domingos Casseça]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994814|Aia-Eza Nacília Gomes da Silva Troso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994815|Alberto José Catenda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994816|Alcides Severino Mbole Maiacala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994817|Alcino Jonas Kuvalela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994818|Álvaro Chikwamanga Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994819|Amélia de Jesus Alberto Camunheira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994820|Amélia Lave Dias Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994821|Américo Carlos Wongo Samoma]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994822|Ana António Maria José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994823|Ana da Purificação Lara de Abreu Pires Delgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994824|Ana Maria Cordeiro Alves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994825|Anabela Valentina Sapalalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994826|Anastácio Severino Sambowe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994827|Anilda Mariana Chivucuvucu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994828|António Kalandula Bândua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994829|Apolo Pedro Felino Yakuvela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994830|Ariane Rebeca Lusadisu Nhany]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994831|Arlete da Visitação Francisco e Castro Borges]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994832|Armando Manuel Caquepa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994833|Augusto Samuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994834|Avelino Canjamba José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994836|Benjamim Manuel da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994837|Carla Maria Domingas Cativa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994838|Carlos Xavier Luis Lucas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994839|Clara Vieira Tavares]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994840|Clementina José Da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994841|Conceição João Faria Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994842|Crispiniano Vivaldino Evaristo dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123082|Desidéria Hatupuilikine Ndakhupapo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123083|Domingas Pedro Francisco Damião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123084|Domingos Damião Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123085|Domingos Vicente Rafael Mate]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123088|Elisa Fernanda Vihemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123090|Eufêmia Hambeleleni]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123091|Eufrazina Malamba Magalhães Teodoro Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123093|Inocência de Deus Faria de Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123094|Jacinto dos Santos José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123095|José Domingos Francisco Tuta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123096|José Eduardo Carmo Nelumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123097|José Gabriel Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123099|José Pami]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123100|Maria de Lourdes Sousa Abambres Veiga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123101|Maria Mpava Medina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123102|Maria Sebita João Pertence]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123104|Nzuzi Makiese Wete]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123105|Rodeth Gil]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123106|Rosália Sandalawa Capanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123107|Samuel Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123108|Teresa Jorge Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123109|Vasco Pedro José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123213|Maria da Conceição Roque Caposso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126366046|Simão Muvuma Satambi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2014-07-26
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994843|Custódio Agostinho Kamuango Lopes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994844|David Álvaro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994845|David Kisadila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994847|Dolina Nassocópia Miguel Tchinhama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994848|Domingos Eduardo Palanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994849|Edna Beneque Queximalunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994850|Elisa Solanje de Almeida Paxe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994851|Elisandra Mônica Rodrigues Coelho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994852|Elizandra Janete Gourgel Wassuca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994853|Emília da Conceição Panjimba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994854|Emiliana Nhengo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994855|Erika Linete Batalha de Carvalho Aires]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994856|Ernesto da Costa Kassongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994857|Esperança Luzia Jackson Pembele da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994858|Estevão Neto Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994859|Esteves António Diavova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994860|Esteves Carlos Hilário]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994861|Eva Gonçalves da Costa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994862|Faustino Morais António Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994863|Felizmina Maria Valentim Lutucuta de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994864|Fernanda Deolinda Sumbo Guerra]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994865|Fernanda Filomena dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994866|Fernando Domingos Pedro Muanza]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994867|Fernando Hombo Dinis]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994869|Florêncio Kanjamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994870|Francisco Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994872|Francisco Vicente Gimarães Ferreira Viana]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994873|Gervásio Nombo Zau]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994874|Helena Berta Buca Vando Marciano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994876|Hemingarda João Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994877|Ilda de Fátima da Silva Almeida Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994878|Ireno Nauta Domingos Nambalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994879|Irina De Almeida Santos Diniz Ferreira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994880|Isaías Daniel Sambangala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994881|Isolina Teresa Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994882|Jeremias Ernesto Barbosa Mahula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994883|Jeremias Kaunda Abílio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994884|Joana Domingos dos Santos Filipe Tomás Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994885|João Kanda Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994886|João Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994887|João Mpilamosi Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994888|João Quipipa Dias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994890|Joel Armando Kafuka Pacheco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994891|Jorge Martins da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994893|José do Gringo Júnior Lembe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994894|Julieta Carlos Baptista Vicente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994896|Lázaro de Oliveira Guelson Kakunha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994897|Leonor da Silva Ferreira Garibaldi de Lima E Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994899|Lizete da Conceição Manuel Gonga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994900|Lúcia Yoleni Sincopela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994901|Luciana Mona Cachiangui]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994902|Luís Fernandes do Nascimento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994903|Luisa da Conceição António Bunga Liunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994904|Manuel Domingos da Fonseca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994906|Manuel Mbalu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994907|Marcial Adriano Dachala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994908|Mardanês Agostinho Calunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994910|Maria Antonieta Josefina Sabina Baptista]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994911|Maria da Conceição Mendonça Caldeira de Palma]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994912|Maria do Espirito Santo da Silva Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994913|Maria Emília Da Silva Inácio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994914|Maria Esperança Pires dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994915|Maria Fonseca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994916|Maricel Marinho da Silva Capama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994917|Mbamby Keane Victória dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994919|Milonga Manuel Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994920|Moniz Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994921|Monteiro Renaldo Eliseu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994922|Nádia Agostinho Borges da Conceição Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994923|Narciso Damásio dos Santos Benedito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994924|Nary Cajica Manuel Aguiar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994925|Nazário Pedro Vilhena Bomba Vilhena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994927|Nuno Álvaro Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994928|Olívio Fortunato Esperança Quilumbo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Olívio N'kilumbo 2025.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994929|Osvaldo António José Caculo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994930|Paciência Amélia Albertina Caxita]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994931|Paula Cristina Inácio Contreiras]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994932|Paula Regina Simões de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994933|Pedro Francisco Tanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994935|Peregrino Isidro Wambu Chindondo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994936|Ricardina Inocência dos Santos Chilombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994937|Rodrigues Manuel Tandala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994938|Rosa Branca da Cunha Cardoso Albino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994939|Rui Malopa Miguel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994940|Sandra Teresa Numanawa Kakunda Henriques]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994941|Santiago Lino Vunge Primeiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994942|Saúde Victorino Luenheca Txizau]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994944|Teresa Afonso Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994945|Teresa Cholimba Mateus Mulumbila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994946|Teresa José Adelina da Silva Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994947|Vasco Manuel Sangongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994948|Xavier Jaime Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126038207|Adérito Chimuco Samucambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126122979|Afonso Morais Kuedi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123053|Adão Campos Congo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123077|Bernarda Golçalves Martins Henrique da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123078|Catarina Tchitaka de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123079|Cesaltina da Conceição Major]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123080|Constantino Manuel dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123081|Deolinda Ódia Paula Satula Vilarinho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>c3niu677fparmxoulmwqwvlg55zyrv5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Burundi</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622246</id>
      <parentid>621787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T10:06:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10127" sha1="q3820hkqu9lp35r5hut8cra8ktp2fy5" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly of Burundi who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295973 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295973/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295973/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295973/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580856|Oscar Ndizeye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580857|Denis Karera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580858|Helene Kandava]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580859|Souavis Habonarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580860|Herman Habonarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580861|Nicolas Barajingwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580862|Jacqueline Nizigama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580863|Monfort Bigirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580864|Joachin Barutwanayo]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580865|Amelie Ninganza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580866|Pascaline Ndagijimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580867|Valence Kaneza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580868|Emmanuel Ndorimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580869|Jeanine Habarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580870|Amedee Rucaragi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580871|Mediatrice Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2836630|Alice Nzomukunda]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3089596|Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3527314|Therence Sinunguruza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5423116|Ezechiel Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| [[Fáìlì:Burundian Minister of Foreign Affairs Ezéchiel Nibigira.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19904605|Manasse Nzobonimpa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25431475|Jean Ciza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107135910|Alain Mutabazi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113847468|Gelase Ndabirabe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114297339|Martin Niteretse]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123701217|Jean-Marie Nibirantije]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126683901|Jean-Marie Muhirwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134413690|Dénise Ndadaye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134414096|Patricie Nduwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134414346|Catherine Mabobori]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2005-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134712585|Come Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134712792|Martin Nivyabandi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135465574|Charles NDIZEYE]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135465731|Fabien HARAMATEGEKO]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135466233|Pacifique NDIHOKUBWAYO]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135487835|Gervais Abayeho]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135559172|Boussessia Nkezimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580743|Ernest Niyokindi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580762|Joselyne Baranyanka]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580763|Ruben Ntamavyariro]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580764|Boniface Banyiyezako]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580765|Remy Ndarufatiye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580766|Deogratias Intunguka]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580767|Ange Denise Kamere]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580768|Ancile Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580769|Shabani Nimubona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580770|Redempteur Gahitira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580771|Fulgence Kwizera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580772|Nadia Niyonkuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580773|Pascal Nitunga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580774|Georgine Mbonimpa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580775|Zenon Ndaruvukanye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580776|Alice Niyitunga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580777|Olivier Suguru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580780|Adeline Ingabire]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580782|Sylvie Nizigama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580783|Doriane Imunezero]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580784|Renovat Mbazumutima]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580785|Juma Saidi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580786|Venerande Nahimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580787|Chrysologue Mutwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580788|Salvator Ntahobakinira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580789|Justin Niyobuhungiro]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580790|Chantal Barampama]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580791|Jerome Bahati]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580792|Felicite Iraharira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580793|Evelyne Nduwayezu]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580794|Julienne Ndayihaya]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580795|Gerard Bikebako]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580796|Josee Kwizera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580797|Dieudonne Bizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580798|Floribert Nzambimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580799|Claude Badugaritse]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580800|Jeanne Izomporera]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580801|Chantal Niyonzima]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580802|Ernest Ciza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580803|Renovat Hakizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580804|Esperance Nininahazwe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580806|Fabrice Nkurunziza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580807|Adda Nsengiyumva]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580808|Dieudonne Iradukunda]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580809|Celestin Niyonsaba]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580810|Revocate Nibigira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580811|Donatien Manirakiza]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580812|Zachee Misago]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580814|Eric Nshimirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580815|Odette Ntibesha]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580816|Donavine Niyonsaba]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580817|Nestor Irambona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580818|Petronie Bucumi]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580819|Françoise Nivyimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580820|Tantine Ncutinamagara]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580821|Ndutura Nibitanga]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580823|Emmanuel Ndayizeye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580824|Mediatrice Kankuyo]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580826|Godefilde Nduwarugira]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580829|Sandrine Ikitonze]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580830|Jean-Claude Mbarushimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580832|Marie Odette Hakizimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580833|Nestor Musafiri]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580834|Sylvestre Ngendakumana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580836|Leonidas Ndaruzaniye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580838|Vincent Ndagijimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580839|Francine Dusabe]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580840|Beline Uwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580842|Venant Nduwimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580843|Dieudonne Niyonsavye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580844|Jeannette Ndayishimiye]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580845|Phocas Bigirimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580846|Epipode Baranyikwa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580848|Epipode Kamana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580849|Venant Manirambona]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580852|Devote Nizigiyimana]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580853|Louis Kamwenubusa]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580854|Innocent Niyonkuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135580855|Beatrice Bukuru]]''
| 
| [[Bùrúndì]]
| 2025
| 2030
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>q3820hkqu9lp35r5hut8cra8ktp2fy5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66656</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622143</id>
      <parentid>621956</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T15:32:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="290915" sha1="pz1ec1xoa7otoe8hirknzjfjqbj5g7w" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295979 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295979/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295979/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295979/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q178793|Lambert Mende Omalanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lambert Mende - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Adolphe Muzito]]
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Adolphe Muzito - 2009.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q586135|Pierre Pay-Pay wa Syakasighe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pierrepaypay.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q767826|Augustin Katumba Mwanke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q978715|Moïse Katumbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moïse Katumbi en 2016.tiff|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q981106|Vital Kamerhe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kamerhe.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2447445|Eugène Kabongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2824869|Adolphe Lumanu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2831294|Albert Kutekala Kaawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2834659|Alexis Thambwe Mwamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alexis Thambwe Mwamba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2839924|Alphonse Ngoy Kasanji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-02-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alphonse Ngoy Kasanji.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2849867|Angélique Milemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2853995|Antoine Ghonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Antoine Ghonda, Homme politique congolais (RDC).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2868988|Athanase Matenda Kyelu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Athanase Matenda Kyelu, IMF 2007.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2885955|Barthélemy Botswali Lengomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2959880|Charles Mwando Simba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mwando Simba - Radio Okapi - 2010-06-25.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2966383|Christophe Mboso N'Kodia Pwanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2980757|Cléophas Kamitatu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cléophas Kamitatu, président de la province de Léopoldville, en 1960 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2982527|Colette Tshomba Ntundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Colette Tshomba Ntundu 2022.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3002789|Crispin Atama Tabe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Crispin Atama Tabe - May 2016.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3002793|Crispin Kalala Mpotoyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3010091|Célestin Mbuyu Kabango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Célestin Mbuyu (4127540001) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3014233|Daniel Kanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3018535|David Nku Imbie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3026832|Didace Pembe Bokiaga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Didace Pembe élu député National.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3027098|Didi Manara Linga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Excellence Manara.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3060173|Eugène Serufuli Ngayabaseka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Serufuli2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3084014|François Bokona Wiipa Bondjali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2012&lt;br/&gt;2006
| 2018&lt;br/&gt;2012
| [[Fáìlì:Bokona.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3085432|François Mwamba Tshishimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Francois-mwamba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3105752|Gilbert Kiakwama kia Kiziki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:02 Gilbert Kiakwama (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3109704|Godefroid Mayobo Mpwene Ngantien]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3131683|Henri Mova Sakanyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Henri mova sakanyi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3142062|Hubert Mbingho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147857|Idesbald Petwe Kapande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3163304|Jaynet Kabila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3167591|Jean-Marie Bulambo Kilosho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3168626|Jean-Paul Nemoyato Begepole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3172112|Jean François Ekofo Panzoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3172896|Jean Kimbunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3185698|N'Singa Udjuu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3186402|José Makila Sumanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3190458|Justin Kalumba Mwana Ngongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196526|Kikaya Bin Karubi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Henry Bellingham met with the DRC Foreign Minister and the DRC Ambassador to the UK, (5117877428) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198483|Koloso Sumaili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3219025|Laurent Batumona]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3240837|Liliane Pande Muaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3263804|Louise Munga Mesozi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3271518|Leonard Mashako Mamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3280404|Maj Kisimba Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3280754|Maker Mwangu Famba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Maker Mwangu (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3291479|Marie-Ange Lukiana Mufwankolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Marie-Ange Lukiana 2 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3295341|Martin Bitijula Mahimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3295417|Martin Fayulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011-11-28
| 2019-03-07
| [[Fáìlì:Martin Fayulu.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3295482|Martin Kabwelulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3332426|Médard Autsai Asenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3343479|Norbert Basengezi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3351121|Olivier Kamitatu Etsu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Olivier Kamitatu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3421171|Raymond Tshibanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Raymond Tshibanda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3424672|Remy Musungayi Bampale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3426386|René Isekemanga Nkeka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:René Isekemanga Nkeka2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3431066|Richard Ndambu Wolang]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3439223|Roger Lumbala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3484223|Simon Bulupiy Galati]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3526676|Théophile Mbemba Fundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3557436|Victor Makwenge Kaput]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3573860|Yves Mobando Yogo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3577297|Ève Bazaiba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2019
| 2018
| [[Fáìlì:Ève Bazaiba - 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3592729|Évariste Boshab]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Evariste Boshab (4997782337, fixed).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4678757|Adam Bombolé]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:ABI OFF.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5111780|Christophe Lutundula Apala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Christophe Lutundula - 2022 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5373269|Emmanuel Leku Apuobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6805146|Medard Mulangala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7327967|Richard Muyej]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16195146|Jeannette Kavira Mapera]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16269662|Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16545541|Célestin Vunabandi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Célestin Vunabandi, ministre du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16627098|Bruno Lapika Dimomfu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16669165|Patrick Bologna]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Patrick Bologna and Ukrainian peacekeeping force representative.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17631305|Juvénal Munubo Mubi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honorable Juvenal Munubo Mubi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17639110|Samy Badibanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samy Badibanga 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18019786|Jean-Bertrand Ewanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18353237|Aimé Boji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18638393|André Tshikwej Kazuw a Tshik]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18642447|Aubin Minaku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aubinminaku.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18642479|Dieudonné Bolengetenge Balea]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18642583|Omer Egwake]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18649355|Thomas Luhaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Thomas Luhaka - 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18681696|Aimé Ngoy Mukena]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aimé Ngoy Mukena - 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19543886|Modeste Bahati Lukwebo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bahati1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19544597|Félix Kabange Numbi Mukwampa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Announcing UK aid to protect 6 million people against malaria in DRC (8689417336).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19545075|Willy Makiashi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19606583|Zacharie Bababaswe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19629165|Zoé Kabila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19629172|Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tryphon Kin-Kiey Mulumba (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19629891|Jean Bamanisa Saïdi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kisangani ammunition depot, UNMAC - Jean Bamanisa Saïdi (10400611374) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19629893|Caroline Bemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19631188|Bienvenu Liyota Ndjoli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bienvenu Liyota Ndjoli - 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19631190|Bijou Mushitu Kat]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19631195|Jean-Claude Kibala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20666287|Alain Lubamba wa Lubamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20740600|Jean-Marie Bamporiki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20740642|Justin Bitakwira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20810501|Arome Bigabwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20810516|Sam Bokolombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982168|Edouard Kiove Kola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982169|Eric Katolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982172|Claudel André Lubaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lubaya Claudel André.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982173|Jason Luneno]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982179|Jean-Baudouin Mayo Mambeke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982180|Crispin Mbindule]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982181|Gregoire Mirindi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982184|Roger Mpanano]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982185|Kizito Mushizi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982196|Martin Ntenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20995412|Franck Diongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21035328|Neema Namadamu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Portrait Dessin Neema Namadamu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24539800|Maurice Mpolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25694850|Florent Lebe Mupiya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25694865|Émile Etumangele Aseke Kangaseke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28010745|Sylvain Delma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28086239|Germain Kambinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28146551|Delly Sesanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Delly SESANGA HIPUNGU.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28811859|Marie-Ange Mushobekwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Marie-Ange Mushobekwa - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Félix Tshisekedi]]
| olóṣèlú, Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011-11-28
| 2013-06-18
| [[Fáìlì:Felix Tshisekedi, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (55078564106) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29270464|Jean Tokole Ilongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29351876|Bienvenu Kalunga Mawazo Ga Nghombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011-11-28
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:KALUNGA-MAWAZO-01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29534133|Kasongo Munganga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kasongo Munganga.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30070987|Alphonse Songolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alphonse Songolo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30118210|Patrick Muyaya Katembwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Patrick Muyaya 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30728171|Papy Niango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Papy niango.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q33129102|Charles Kisolokele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q36281005|Yvon Kimpiobi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40680866|Gaston Musemena]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gaston Musemena - 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43106474|Henri-Thomas Lokondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011
| 2021-03-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46918247|Didier Kamundu Batundi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48775328|Upio Kakura Wapol]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48775361|Ferdinand Kambere]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48775364|Laurent Muzangisa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48778035|Mopipi Mukulumanya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52136791|Pascal Nkayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56302679|Moïse Nyarugabo Muhizi Mugeyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56515694|Jean-Lucien Bussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:JLB Final.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56618763|Marie-Louise Mwange]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Marie-Louise Mwange - 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57986438|Jefferson Abdallah Penembaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ituri Province, Bunia, Camp Ndoromo- Medal Award ceremony for Bangladeshi Peacekeepers who served the peacekeeping Mission in Ituri. (24458565398).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60958438|Marcel Ilunga Leu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Marcel Ilunga Leu - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63349528|Geneviève Inagosi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011-11-28
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Geneviève Inagosi, Minister of Gender, Family and Children from DR Congo addresses the meeting (10841449794).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63382184|Jeannine Mabunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65129281|Albert Nyembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q67218417|André Lite]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:André Lite Asebea - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78469448|Célestin Tunda ya Kasende]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79423044|Élysée Munembwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84265238|Alex Kande Mupompa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2006
| 2012
| [[Fáìlì:Alexkande.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96207441|Pauline Maata Nkumu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96210138|Béatrice Lomeya Atilite]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96210253|Wivine Moleka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96210362|Gentiny Ngobila Mbaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96244405|Anasthasie Moleko Moliwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96245204|Antoinette Kipulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96436278|Brigitte Kalaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96436486|Georgette Agadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96436683|Lucie Kipele Aki Azwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96436684|Adèle Kahinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96437347|Françoise Bemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96438022|Pascaline Kudura]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439592|Sabine Muhima Bintu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439706|Yvonne Mutombo Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439729|Perpetue Kapindo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439885|Francine Kimasi Bekili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439897|Annie Dianzenza Mayasilwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96439933|Elysée Dimandja]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96440028|Marie Therese Dembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96440102|Jolie Kenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joli Kenda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96440105|Vicky Katumbwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96465065|Marie-Thérèse Gerengbo Yazalo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475172|Alphonse Awenze Makiaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475177|Jeanne Ayomo Alife]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475185|Judith Asobe Ibambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475204|Solange Masumbuko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475211|Ambroise Midi Giamani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475225|Lucie Kuhatelela Gubembeya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475236|Jocelyne Mupeka Kindundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475241|Cathy Musengi Kapisila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475244|Jolie Yama Nzalabar]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475256|Lylie Masikini Mbili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475260|Grace Neema Paininye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475292|Marie Claire Alfani Machozi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475308|Sosthene Maombi Katsongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475313|Wivine Paipo Ngweli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475321|Yvonne Mwepu Kibanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475351|Fifi Masuka Saini]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:FIFI MASUKA GOUVERNEURE (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475358|Magguy Kiala Bolenga Boley]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475362|Anne Marie Mbilambangu Lungambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475365|Nadine Mangabu Luabeya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475370|Eugénie Tshiela Kamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475373|Ambroise Kamukuny Mukinay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475380|Alidor Kakubu K'Ilaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475391|Veronique Lumanu Cimpaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475407|Isabelle Ihemba Kayombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475423|Odette Mwamba Banza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Odette Mwamba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475445|Gracia Yamba Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108440912|Faustin Boika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108441228|Fabien Boko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108448694|Elysé Bokumwana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108461028|Abraham Boliki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108461342|Delvaux Bolila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108462474|Willy Bolio Emina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108462932|Gabriel Boloko Angbenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108477947|Patrick Bombelosanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108478780|Freddy Bompanze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108489669|Michel Bompini]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108490182|Xavier Bonane Ya Nganzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108491877|Guillaume Bonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108510646|René Bosise]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108514137|Prosper Bukasa Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108521046|Mohamed Bule-Gbangolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108527432|John Bupila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108528033|Beta Bushiri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108545313|Déocard Camunani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108565991|Richard Chirhulwire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108569890|Dieudonné Dikapa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108569894|François Dhedda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108569897|Prince Cokola Ntwali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108575185|Dianne Dimbu lukombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108575354|Blaise Ditu Monizi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108585412|Jacques Djoli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jacques Djo 1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108585671|Mathieu Doda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108600236|Jean-Claude Draza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108602719|Baudouin Droti Obhitre]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108688896|Norbert Eholo Eoni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108688963|Serge Endundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108691430|Anselme Enerunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108692448|José Engbanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108701545|Célestin Engelemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109017046|Astrid Madiya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109019515|Crispin Ngbundu Malengo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109024264|Evariste Twana Wibina]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109040994|Patricia Nseya Mulela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109044263|Serge Kayembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2006
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109044269|Serge Tshembo Nkonde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109071560|Guy Mafuta Kabongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109315393|Martin Kabuya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109358231|Abdon Etina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109376599|Célestin Eyuma Nasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109545469|Norbert Ezadri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109545889|Christine Feza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109547024|Rombeau Fumany]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109548569|Daniel Furaha Uma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109550020|Hubert Furuguta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109558883|Abner César Fwani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109559092|Boniface Gachuruzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109559816|Valentine Gamoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109560596|Jean Gbadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109972903|Tite Hakizuwera]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110500625|Noël Botakile]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770440|Jeannine Kavira Katoshohire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770477|Mireille Masangu Bibi Muloko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mireille Masangu Bibi Muloko (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770479|Charlotte Phoba Massiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770484|Louise Mayuma Kasende]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770491|Christine Mbalo Luange]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770537|Jeanne Mbemba Mukobiawu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770564|Elisabeth Mbombo Mutshimpayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770583|Pétronelle Mbumba Mavungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770589|Tania Mokolo Ndjoli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-02
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770606|Annie Mombunza Libotolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770624|Winnie Muabilu Mualukie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770635|Nelly Muinga Tulela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770640|Dominique Munongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dominique munongo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770658|Olga Mwadi Kadiata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770668|Liliane Ngoie Many]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770674|Mimy Nkengela Kapianga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770681|Bintou Ntumba Ciabola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770772|Tatiana Pembe Luemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770778|Christelle Vuanga Mukongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-01
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Christelle Vuanga.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110770785|Irène Wasso Wabiwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112119627|jean-Marc Kabund-a-Kabund]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-02-13
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean-Marc Kabund (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112207919|Adolphe Onusumba Yemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221929|Pierre-Castro Bamboka Lobendi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221937|Charles Nawej Mundele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221939|Clément Kanku Bukasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221942|Daniel Madimba Kalonji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221945|Elvis Mutiri Wa Bashara]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221946|Emery Okundji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221954|Evariste Heva Muakasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221960|Georges Kazadi Kabongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221968|Jacques Lungwana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221971|Jean Mbuyu Lunyongola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221977|John Tibasima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221979|Joseph Kokonyangi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221987|Jean-Pierre Kalema Losona]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221990|Lambert Matuku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221992|Lumeya Dhu-Maleghi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112221999|Mukendi Tshambula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222007|Daniel Paluku Kisaka Yereyere]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222009|Patrick Mayombe Mumbioko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222013|Pierre Anatole Matusila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222015|Pierre Muzumba Mwana Ombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222017|Pierrot Uweka Ukaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222031|Tshibangu Kalala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222033|Venant Tshipasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112222035|Yagi Sitolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475490|Ida Kitwa Godalena]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475499|Viviane Kapufi Mwansa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475506|Olive Mudekereza Namegabe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-01-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475511|Adolphine Byayuwa Muley]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-02-13
| 2024-01-13
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96475514|Eugénie Agoyo Wayiko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97277162|Néné Nkulu Ilunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97446584|Steve Mbikayi Mabuluki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97464651|Willy Bakonga Wilima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98269668|Valentin Senga Paysayo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99851849|Pius Muabilu Mbayu Mukala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101412106|Adèle Degbalase Kanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q102274390|Berthold Ulungu Ekunda Lukata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104416504|Maguy Rwakabuba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Maguy Rwakabuba - 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104771218|Henriette Wamu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2006
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105523479|Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde Kyenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Secretary Blinken Meets With DRC Prime Minister Lukonde (52276160562) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105546420|Jean-Pierre Lisanga Bonganga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105713042|Gilbert Tshiongo Tshibinkubuka wa Tumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105754578|Angèle Tabu Makusi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105798778|José Mpanda Kabangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:José Mpanda Kabangu - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105946534|Jean-Pierre Bokole Ompoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106081591|Jean-Jacques Mamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106163828|Jean-Marie Lukulasi Massamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106505759|Aminata Namasia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-01
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106588674|Tony Mwaba Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106777922|Adrien Bokele Djema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106786484|Raymond Tchedya Patay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106884074|Jean-Pierre Lihau]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean-Pierre Lihau.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106903744|Godard Motemona Gibolum ya Kembi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904435|Neron Mbungu Mbungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904741|Guy Mikulu Pombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904755|Jonathan Bialosuka Wata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904823|Amato Bahibazire Mirindi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904837|Samy Adubango Ahoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106904946|Crispin Mbadu Phanzu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106905141|Albert Fabrice Puela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106905169|Modero Nsimba Matondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106905178|Cherubin Okende Senga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106905188|Christian Mwando Nsimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106905313|Vincent Okoyo Nembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106911980|Albert Botombula Tabu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106912247|Paulin Maembo Gelingi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106912703|François Rubota Masumbuko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106913386|Muhindo Nzangi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Minister of Higher and University Education Muhingo Nzangi Butondo Launch of project on the introduction of courses in forensic medicine in DRC universities.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106913451|Anne-Marie Karume Bakaneme]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106913695|Jean-Pierre Daruwezi Mokombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106913836|Nelson Paluku Syayipuma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106914680|Juliette Mbambu Mughole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2016-07-30&lt;br/&gt;2006
| 2019-01-13&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106926186|André Mbata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106929174|Dieudonné Mwenze Wa Mujinga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106929702|Antoine Nzangi Ngelengbi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107044433|Daniel Safu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107187435|Arthur Sedea Ngamo Zabusu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107189786|Albert Mpeti Biyombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107252986|Bernard Kayumba Shikilwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107278026|Kikoka Gaytoni Toni]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107368856|Gael Bussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Gael Bussa Obambule.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107474977|Joas Mbitso Ngedza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107475161|César Lubamba Ngimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107528370|Pierre Kangudia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107694205|Dieudonné Upira Sunguma Kagimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107694336|Anicet Kuzunda Mutangiji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107746255|Daniel Mbau]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107785573|Jean-Claude Kazembe Musonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107985923|Anaclet Kabeya Kalenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107988769|Roger Abotome Bakabisya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107994857|Wilson Adirodu Djari]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107999450|Emmanuel Adubango Ali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108001028|Anatol Afoote Afotuku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108022504|Mamie Agigba Widia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108097700|Papy Ahono Nzobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108106499|Amy Ambatobe Nyongolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108106787|Patrick Amisi Lupia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108107208|Jean-Pierre Anokonzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108107537|Alu Asani Kabina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108107723|Rufine Assina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108137852|Emmanuel Atuyakila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108138162|Jackson Ausse]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108138485|Patrice Autsai Adriko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108189125|Jean-Pierre Ayobangira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108196229|Anicet Babanga Mpotiyolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108196484|Paul Babangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108198404|Héritier Bahati Chuma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108199071|Chadrack Baitsura]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108200117|Boniface Balamage]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108200590|Donatien Balekelayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108202623|Paul Balenza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108317623|Albert Baliesima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108317692|Fabrice Bandenonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108318625|Daniel Banio Debho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108319287|Vital Banywesize Mukuza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108319698|John Banza Lunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108329864|Marmont Banza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108330137|Jules Barhalengehwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108331355|Alphonse Benza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108331739|Nono Berocan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108332109|Etienne Bidjep]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108385607|Denis Kambayi Tshimbumbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108422788|Eddy Bisweko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108422974|Jean-Pierre Bobe Yaboy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108433429|René Sebastien Bofaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112251777|Basile Olongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112251915|Papy Mantezolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112252531|Corneille Maswaswa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112253706|Dismas Magbengu Swana Emin]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112254335|Willy Mubobo Nzamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262714|Baudouin Adirodu Mawazo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262715|Nicolas Akpanza Mobuli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262771|ALI BIN OMARI SIMUKINJE]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262772|Toussaint Alonga Likiti]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262773|Maurice Ambena Zaingali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262774|AMURI KABEZA MWENEBANTU]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262775|Fredric Apaka Tombila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262776|Bienvenu Apalata Ambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262777|Jacques Asumani Likalanganyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262778|Joseph Atonzia Bakomoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262779|Freddy Aundagba Pangodi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262781|François Ayobangira Samvura]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262783|Fidèle Babala Wandu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262784|Christian Badibangi Anuwebe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262785|Semeyi Bakatsuraki Kavusa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262789|Juma Balikwisha Mulondi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262791|Willy Bandeache Itendey]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262793|Dany Banza Maloba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262794|Lon-Dhon Basango Makedjo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262795|Marie-Thérèse Basiala Maka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262796|Félicien Basilwango Mwilo Lusolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262797|Jean-Pierre Batumoko Afozunde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262799|Bonaventure Bazir Serushago]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262802|Bernard Biando Sango Nzuambe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262803|Vicky Bokolo Nyaswa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262805|Faustin Bokonda Balela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262807|Gabriel Bolenge Boponde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262812|Célestin Bondomiso Bebisyame]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262813|Pancrace Boongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262814|Robert Bopolo Mbongeza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262816|Jean-Christophe Budri Ngaduma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262817|Vital Budu Tandema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262818|François Buhendwa Lubagire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262821|Nicolas Bulukungu Bera-Kay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262822|Michel Butor Bodias]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262823|Jeanne Butsitsi Namwanve]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262827|Dogratias Chituli Nabwira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262828|Joseph Chura Bilo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262829|Pacifique Cimanuka Ngabo-Yeka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262830|Yvon Dangbele Ngotuga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262831|Marcelline Daruwezi Apendeki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262832|Thalie Dasyo Mokfe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262833|Jean-Baptiste Dhetchuvi Matchu Mandje]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262835|Pierre César Edumbadumba Egbula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262838|Toussaint Ekombe Mpetsi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262839|Olivier Endundo Evele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262841|Filbert Brel Etibako Edi Ndito]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262843|Patrice Ezaty Meriko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262844|Celestin Faso Mushigo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262845|Florent Gabuba Mafu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262847|Jean-Marie Gapemonoko Lobodumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262848|Thophile Geakoro Ndambomale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262850|José Ikiyo Ingutu Y'Okanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262851|Ibrahim Ikulu Lamajana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262852|Jean-Pierre Ilunga Kampanyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262853|Michel Ilunga Kouvas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262854|Simplice Ilunga Monda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262855|Do Gratias Indulu Ekuns]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262856|Kovo Ingila Bokondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262857|Joseph Ipalaka Yobwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262858|Nicolas Isofale Bonyoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262859|Pascal Itshitoka Ngalamulume]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262860|Jean Kevin Jemsi Mulengwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262861|Gasha Kin-Kiey Mulumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262862|Prosper Kabila wa Nkulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262896|Edmond Kabongo Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262897|Jean Bosco Kaboyi Bwivu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262898|KABWIK FAT MAYANG Elyse]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262899|Prosper Kabwika Mastaki Kuliva]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262900|Mwami Kahindo Nzanzu Bonane]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262901|Hubert Kakule Shahetera]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262902|Patrick Thierry André Kakwata Nguza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262903|Godé Kalau Ngungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262904|Freddy Kalombo Bukola Buabu Nkashama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262905|Francis Kalombo Tambwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262906|Rombault Kalombo Tshinkenke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262907|Romain Kalonji Mukendi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262908|Ignace Kamayi Muangala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262909|Orner Kambale Kahalirwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262910|Dieudonné Kambale Kalimumbalo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262911|Robert Kambale Lufungula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262912|Daniel Kambale Musemo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262913|Vincent Kangijlumba Mbambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262914|Crispin Kankonde Kankonde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262916|Philipe Kantanti Mwitwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262917|John America Kaonde Kipanta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262918|Delphin Kapaya Ohelo Pene Lombendja]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262919|Donatien Kapongo Munyoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262920|François Kasende Kandolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262921|Timothe Kasereka Wanzavalere]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262922|Gaudel Kashiki Mazambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262923|Delphin Kasongo Kibale Kas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262924|Lucain Kasongo Mwadiavita]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262925|Gerardine Kasongo Ngoie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262926|Hubert Kassapo Metela Lhomb]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262928|Matthieu Kasunka wa Banza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262929|Louis Kaswende Batuanini]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262930|Jacques Katalay M'buru Balo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262931|Richard Katamuliko Tsongo Maha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262932|Katembo Muzee Budget]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262933|Paulin Katshongo Mbavu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262935|Jackson Kayombo Mbinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262937|Jean-Pierre Kezamudru Musisiri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262938|Edouard Kibawa Wimwene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262941|Augustine Kilambe Lwando]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262945|Gregoire Kiro Tsongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262946|Joseph Kitenge Mulongoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262947|Gérard Kobili Ngundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262949|John Kolela Yahanu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262950|Robert Koloba Denge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262952|Timothe Kombo Nkisi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262953|Adolphe Komuesa Kalunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262954|Désiré Bonaventure Konde Vila-Ki-Kanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262955|Koso Diese Kovi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262956|Stephane Kota Piem]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262957|Jean Baptiste Kumasamba Olom]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262959|Joseph Lembi Libula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262962|Félix Lupula Matshalo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262963|Symphorien Lobo Kasongo Klm]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262964|Athigo Lofimbo Bakundji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262965|Michel Lokola Elemba Ekahandjala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262966|Jean-Robert Lomanga Longenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262967|Cyprien Lomboto Lombonge L'Okeli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262969|Albert Lotana Lokasola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262970|Nelson Lothape Madimbo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262972|Jules Lowuya Enzimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262973|Deogratias Lubala Ntebua Depe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262975|Floribert Luboto Ngwangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262976|Guy Lufuluabo Tshitumbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262977|Floribert Luhonge Kabinda Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262992|Felicien Lukiana Mabondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262993|Dominique Lukono Sowa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262996|LUNDA NDALAMBA LUNDA]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262998|Saturnin-Blaise Luono Kimbanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112262999|François Lusanga Ngiele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263000|Gregoire Lusenge Kakule]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263002|Muller Oscar Luthelo Nyudi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263003|Venano Lutongo Muyeye Tshikambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263004|Dieudonnê Miganda Mushubangabo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263007|Boris Maelezo Alabu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263008|Espoir Majagira Bulangalire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263010|Richard Makuba Lutondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263011|Adalbert Makutu Ma Ngayaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263012|Jerome Makwala Mavambij Ye Beda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263013|Prosper Makwa Dede]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263014|Prospère Maluka Mopongo Mwambano Bede]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263015|Jean-Marc Malumba Mbangula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263017|MANANGA KAYEMBE CADET YA MUKOLO]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263019|La Jeunesse Mandjuandjua Mayembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263020|Antoinne Manongi Amboka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263021|Pascal Manshimba Manshimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263024|Godefroid Masanza Makogu Ekondanide]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263025|Zury Masela Kiluty]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263027|Hubert Mashukane Baziruwiha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263029|Job Antoine Massamba Malika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263034|André Masumbu Baya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263035|Gamanda Matadi Nenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263037|Romo Materanya Karagi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263039|Daniel Mavinga Domi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263041|André Mavungu Mbunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263042|Serge Mayamba Massaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263043|Richard Mayaya Kilole Kakwama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263046|Adrien Mbambi Phoba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263047|Augustin Mbangama Kabundi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263048|Simon Floribert Mbatshi Batshia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263049|Jean-Marie Mbaw Mbaw Yemata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263051|Jean Mbaya Kandudi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263052|Eugénie Mbayo Kilumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263053|MBAYO LUFUNGA PELESA]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263054|Thophile Mbemba Fundu Di Luyindu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263056|Vicky Mboso Muteba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263057|Emmanuel Mbuela Yimbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263058|Dieudonné Mbukani Katebwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263060|Boris Mbuku Laka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263061|Isabelle Mbulu Mikobi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263063|Vasco Mbuyi Mamba Kalala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263064|Odette Mbuyi Ngoyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263066|Victor Menantangu Mulalu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263067|Marie Mijabi Tumba Kimalanzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263069|Benjamin Muamba Mulumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263070|Giala Mobutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263071|Jacques Mokako Nzeke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263073|Didier Molisho Sadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263074|Léon Mondole Eso Libanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263075|John Mopondi Maloka Mongai]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263086|Léonard Mota Ngaliema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2011-11-28&lt;br/&gt;2019-02-13&lt;br/&gt;2024-02-12
| 2018-12-30&lt;br/&gt;2023-12-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263087|Emile Christophe Mota Noongo Khang]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263090|Joseph Mudumbi Biriomu-Iragi Mulunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263092|Léon Mubikayi Mubalamate]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263093|Béatrice Muderhwa Nabintu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263094|Jules Mugiraneza Ndizeye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263095|MUHINDO MULEMBERI]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263096|Eustache Muhiya Lumbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263097|Alphonsine Mujinga Kayenu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263098|Calixte Mukasa Kalembwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263099|Bruno Mukeba Kande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263100|Oswald Mukingi Nahimana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263101|Jean Pierre Mukubaganyi Mulume]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263102|Benjamin Mukulungu Igobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263103|Dams Mukuna Kalambayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263104|Jean Marie Mulatu Puati]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263105|Jean Rombault Mulengi Nzalalemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263106|Luc Mulimbalimba Masururu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263107|Ivan Mulongo Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263108|Coco Mulongo Nzemba Jacques]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:COCO MULONGO 2023 V2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263109|Florent Mulumba Muabi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263110|Mulumba Mwana Nshiya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263111|Urbain Marie Mumpi Nga-Ewum]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263112|Benjamin Mumpini Kabong'anza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263114|Esperence Musafiri Shukuru]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263115|Madeleine Musaga Phasu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263116|Benoît Musenga wa Mukuna]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263117|Dieudonne Musodi Salabwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263118|Alexis Mutanda Ngoy Muana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263119|Jean-Luc Mutokambali Luvanzayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263120|Lucien Joliety Mutomb A Mutom]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263121|Fabien Mutomb Kan Kato]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263122|Yvonne Mutombo wa Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263123|Gaspard Mutonkole Kinyanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263124|Olivier Randi Mutuale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263125|Mutula Lungwe Diallo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263126|John Muyamba Ngove]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263127|Constatin Muyaya Tshibona]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263129|Thierry Muzaza Owan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263130|Jean Muzinga Mushinji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263132|MVEMBA MATONA]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263134|Georges Mwatshinumo Fedge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263135|Arsène Mwaka Bwenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263136|Charles Mwaley Amandev]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263137|Benjamin Mwamba Mulangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263138|Dieudonné Mwamba Nkuba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263140|Yvette Mwanga Mbadu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263141|Charles Mwehu Kikoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263142|Jean Ferdinand Mwenze Mbuyu Wasso Lunkamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263143|Poco Mwepu Kanyata Bilonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263145|N'kumu Frey Lungula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263147|Jeancy Mansua Mutiene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263148|Raphaei Ndjibu Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263149|Michel Ndongo Pulungu Epapola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263150|Pascal Ndudanga Kavarios]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263151|NE MANDA NSEM1BADIENGILA]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263152|Pierre Ngandu Mulombelayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263156|Augustin Ngeleji Mashingu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263157|Vincent De Paul Ngendenza Ezunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263159|Richard Ngoy Kitangala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263160|Gisèle Ngoya Kanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263161|Roger-Clément Ngoyi Shabitanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263162|Crispin Ngoyi Tambwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263164|Jacques Nkulu Mupenda Mukala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263165|Gérard Nkulu Mwenze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263166|Oscar Nsaman Olutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263167|Antoine Nsombola Lontulungu Amba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263168|Aimé Rodrigue Nsuka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263169|Benoît Nzaji Kabulekedi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263170|Clément Nzau Tsobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263171|José Nzau Vola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263172|François Nzekuye Kaburabuza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263175|Stanislas Oleko Mafue A Beombey]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263178|Oscar Oshobale Oyozu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263179|OTETE L0KADi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263180|Jean Owanga Welo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263181|André Palliku Kavula Bwanambula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263183|Marie-Jules Paluku Mali'Isi Malisawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263184|Jean-Pierre Pasi Zapamba Buka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263185|Robert Paysayo Maliako]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263186|Willy Pelenda Makengo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263187|Henry Pikolo Monewya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263189|Onesime Sadiki Byombuka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263190|Jacques Safari Nganizi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263191|Cyprien Sangokitefu ya Muyumbay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263192|Jacques Segbewi Zamu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263193|Péguy Sendwe Mputu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263195|Félix Serutoke Mpagazehe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263197|Aaron Shabani Asumani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263199|SHENILA MWANZA]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263200|SHIDI MIKUMBU ESPERANCE]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263201|Innocent Shomwa Mwongera]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263202|Samuel Simene wa Simene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263203|Hubert Sole Ohoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263204|SUDI AL'AMIN ZIMAMOTO]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263205|David Suze Manda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263207|Joachim Taila Nage]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263208|Jean-Dominique Takis Kumbo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263209|Patrick Tanzi Madrandele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263210|Hubert Thetika Inkalaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263211|Louis Thole Tshigudu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263212|Egide Thuambe Adubang'o]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263214|John Tinanzabo Zeremani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263215|Fidel Tingombay Mondonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263217|Guylain Tshibala Nsenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263218|Denis Tshibang Ntambw]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263219|Félicien Tshibangu Yamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263220|Onsime Tshibumba Kanyanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263221|Eugénie Tshika wa Mulumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263222|Jean-Pierre Tshimanga Buana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263223|Bartheiemy Tshiongo Mputu Dibinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263225|Gilbert Tutu Tedeza Kango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263226|Jackson Ubima Uchanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263227|Dieudonné Ukumu Ular]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263230|Evariste Vetshi Bopambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263231|Jean-Claude Vuemba Luzamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263232|Arthur Wanga Kipanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263233|Charly Wenga Bulambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263234|Édouard Wenzi wa Kuyula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263236|Honoré Yala Tutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263237|Alexis Yava Samuhonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263238|Martin Yukula Dimbuene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263239|Raymond Michel Yuma Ramazani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112263246|Zéphirin Zabusu Liwolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264025|Justin Dede Kodoro Kewalo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264045|Jules César Ibula Mwana Katakanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264046|Laurent Ikenge Lisambola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264047|Martin Ikukt Ikok Ngolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264048|Bienvenu Ilanga Lembow]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264049|Paul Ilunga Nkulu wa Kiluba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264050|Jean-Marie Ingele Ifoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264051|André Ipakala Abeiye Mobiko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264052|Gratien De Saint Nicolas Iracan Unen]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264053|Simon-Pierre Iyananio Moligi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264054|Didier Divalier Kabampele Ngabul]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264055|Bruno Kabangu Tshizubu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264056|Alidor Kabasele Panu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264057|Olivier Kabeya Kabeya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264059|Jaynet Désiré Kabila Kyungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264060|Papy Seoul Kabwe Banza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264061|Joseph Kahenga Sompo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264062|Augustin Kahozi Bin Malisawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264064|Déogratias Kakule Kalyomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264065|Godefroid Kakule Kyatsandire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264066|Papy Kalend Kanyik]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264067|Jean Kalenga Mambepa Matembele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264068|Anaclet Kalimw Songo Kund]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264069|Auguy Kalonji Kalonji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264070|Josué Kalukuta Musau]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264071|Barnabas Kambale Ezechiel]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264072|Mathieu Kambale Mathe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264073|Alexandre Kambale Muhasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264074|Zephanie Kambale Shangilia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264075|Jean Kamisendu Kutuka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264077|André Kamunga Mulowayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264078|Jean-Pierre Kanefu Munjiwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264079|Robert Kaniki Mesu Tshiakatumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264080|Jean Constantin Kanow Manunganyi Tshioba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264081|Jacques Kapama Mapatano]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264082|Joseph Kapika Ndji Kanku Wu Mukumadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264084|KAPOYA MUTOMB’ KALONG]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264085|Florent Kapuku Kapuku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264086|Serkas Kasanda Kadiesa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264087|Sylvain Kasereka Kalwahali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264088|Jadot Kasereka Mangwengwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264089|Kizerbo Kasereka Wathevwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264092|Denis Kashoba Kabonshi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264093|Benjamin Kasindi Kingombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264094|Justin Kasongo Kabondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264097|Hilaire Kasusa Kikobya Baruani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264098|Thadée Katembo Kambere]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264100|Katembo Mbusa Tembos Yothama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264101|Désiré Katembo Muhindo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264102|Dieudonné Katembwe Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264116|Jean-Pierre Kayembe Ilunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264117|Théodore Kazadi Muayila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264118|Innocent Kazembe Mulwani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264119|William Kazumba Mayombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264120|Modeste Kazwazwa Ubite]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264121|Jean Kibau Mafuta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264122|Raphaël Kibuka Kia Kiese]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264123|Justin Kiluba Longo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264124|Eric Kimbuta Motema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264126|Christophe Kitambala Kalonda Manda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264127|Gaston Kitenge Kapälu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264128|Jean-Hélène Kitsali Katungo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264129|Freddy Kitwa Mutombo Mpyana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264130|Charles Kiwila wa Bakunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264132|Floribert Fofo Konzi Luvungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264133|Jean-Bosco Kotongo Anfio Bato]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264134|Doug Kulungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264135|Alexis Lenga Walenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264137|Fidèle Likinda Bolom'Elenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264138|Prince Ibrahim Lingo Ngbandani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264139|Fidèle Lokana Bahati]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264140|François Lokoka Isaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264141|Franck Lomasa Okoto Dombelo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264142|Jean-Marc Lombaku Lohenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264143|Charles Longonya Lawodja]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264144|Floribert Loola Ekofo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264145|Willy Lukusa Kashala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264146|René Lumbu Kiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264147|Yannick Lumbu Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lumbu ngoy yannick.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264149|Jérôme Lusenge Kambale Bonane]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264151|Hubert Luwala Ngamakoshi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264152|Justin Luwepe Mayara]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264153|Alexis Luwundji Okitasombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264155|Aimé Mafefe Mukozo Mwene Lusenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264156|Alfred Maisha Bishobibiri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264157|Hubert Makengo Lutimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264158|Charles Makengo Ngombe Matoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264159|Patient Malandji Mujinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264160|Claude Maluku Pombi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264162|Florent Mambemba Mukengele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264163|Jean-Marc Mambidi Koloboro]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264164|Jean-Bosco Mambo Katunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264165|Belly Mampa Mbembila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264166|Jean Manda Kansabala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264169|Pascal Mangay Bosaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264170|Patrick Mangay Mumvunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264173|Rémy Masamaba Ma-Kiese]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264174|Jean-Didier Masamba Malunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264175|Etienne Masanga Kisigay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264176|Justin Mastaki Namegabe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264177|Tharcisse Matadi Wamba Kamba Mutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264178|Roger Matondo Kivuila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264179|Alain Matumona Zola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264180|Georges Matutala Mu Kanda Nteko Makengo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264181|Romain Mavudila Kongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264182|Joachim Mavungu Tsiku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264183|Freddy Mbakata Putu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264184|Bernard Mbaki Mansanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264185|Sébastien Rodolph Mbanga Manzimi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264187|Benoît Mbayo Yahenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264189|Samuel Mbemba Kabuya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samuel MBEMBA KABUYA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264191|Constantin Mbengele Kwete Thamuk]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264192|Marielle Mbikayi Pashi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264194|Firmin-Dupont Mboma Mpya Ndaangye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264195|Jean-Marie Mboyo Papy Bikanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264196|Pepe Mbuku Balele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264198|Nanou Memba Ebenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264200|Zobel Milolo Dibondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264201|Prosper Miruho Akili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264202|Claude Misare Mugomberwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264206|Sangolo-Zaku Moussa Kalema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264207|Jean-Jacques Mpanga wa Lukalaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264208|Messie Mpia Lotete]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264209|Claude Mpia Menazambili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264210|Simon Mpiana Ntumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264211|Jean-Claude Mpongo Nkita Ilanga Nzali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264212|Dieudonné Mposhi Kibambe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264213|Charles Guillaume Mpunga Musha Musha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264214|MPUTU YALIKO KELPER]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264215|Benezeth Msafiri Kyakakala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264216|Papy Bon Soleil Muanza Munya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264217|Damase Muba Kitwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264218|Khiler Mubambe wa Lumbulwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264219|Serge Muber Thoniot]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264221|Bertin Mubonzi Murhomulume]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264229|Sokoro Mufalme Tambwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264230|Josué Mufula Jive]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264231|Jean-Baptiste Muhindo Kasekwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264232|Paul Muhindo Mulemberi Vahumawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264234|Albert-David Mukeba M'Fouta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264235|Patient Mukena Yumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264236|Serge Mukendi Fontshi Kanyinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264237|Arsène Mukonga Kasamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264239|Emmanuel Mukundi Nyembo Kahumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264240|Simon Mulamba Mputu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mulamba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264241|Augustin Mulumba Kanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264242|Pétillon Mundia Neke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264243|Cléophas Munganga Gadimba Gembi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264244|Didier Munkie Mbali Iba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264245|Patrick Munyomo Basilwango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264246|Dhedhe Mupasa Lukobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264247|Freddy Musambya Kabwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264248|Célestin Musao]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264249|Guy Musomo Wapembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264250|Emmanuel Musukulu Barande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264251|MUTEULE MOROMORO MUTUEL]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264252|Germain Mutombo Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264254|Roger Mwamba Mangbenza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264255|Emile Mwamba Mukenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264257|Édouard Mwangachuchu Hizi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264258|Singoma Mwanza Hamisi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264259|Rosen Mwenze Wakadilo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264260|Nehémie Mwilanya Wilondja]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264261|Stive Ndambire Makuha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264262|Justin Ndayisimye Harerimana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264263|Ernest Ndengo Bapalembi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264264|Ndjoloko Tambwe Bathe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264265|Ados Ndombasi Banikina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264266|Léon Nembalemba Essuku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264267|Jean Ngadjole Dhebo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264268|Eric Ngalula Ilunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264269|Alphonse Ngandu Katunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264270|Valentin Ngandu Kayembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264271|José Ngbanyo Mbunga Detato]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264272|Espérant Ngindu Shindanyi Muabi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264273|Hardy Ngobe Yoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264274|Charles Ngombe Nzeu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264275|Dieudonné Ngwasi Akilimali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264278|Dieudonné Nsase Muetutuikale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264286|Cerveau Pitshou Nsingi Pululu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264287|Pierre Nsumbu Muntu Kalavo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264288|Éliézer Ntambwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:NTAMBWE MPOSHI CHARMANT ELIEZER.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264289|Noël Ntudi Nsungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264291|Paulin Odiane Doune]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264292|Justin Okfungu Ohoto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264293|Jean-Charles Okoto Lolakombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264296|Emmanuel Ompeta Shonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264297|Augustin Osumaka Lofanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264298|René Otshudi Olamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264299|Eric Paluku Kamavu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264301|Matthieu Pembamoto Kyala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264302|Rubin Rashidi Bukanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264303|Christian Rusize Byaterana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264304|Garry Sakata Moke Tawab]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264305|Bertin Sebujangwe Kirivita]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264306|Jean-Paul Segihobe Bigira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264307|Alphonse Seke Ngedi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264308|Dieudonné Sekesa Sadiange]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264309|Paul Senemona Moinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264320|Hyancinthe Shisso Kongolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264321|Roger Sido Wagia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264322|Justin Somana Mondali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264323|Abraham Soriano Kitanika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264324|Richard Swedi Kanyaduru]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264325|André Tambwe Katambwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264326|Jean-Marie Tambwe Lubamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264327|Maurice Tambwe Ngongo Mwanatsali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264329|Albert Tshilemb Kabwit]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264330|Floribert Tepage Tedende]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264331|Faustin Toengaho Lokundo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264332|Georges Tshibangu Buamukoso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264333|Freddy Tshibangu Kabula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264334|Paul Tshilumbu Kantola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2019-02-13
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264335|Martin Tshipama Lunganga Tshiama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264337|Placide Tshisumpa Tshiakatumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264338|Cédrick Tshizainga Kapumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264340|Janvier Tshongbolo Malenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264341|Jonas Tsundu Tsundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264342|André Léon Tumba Mukendi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264344|Prosper Tunda Kasongo Lukali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264345|Innocent Unyon Vakpa Katumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264346|Jean-Faustin Uvoya Unencan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264347|Daniel Uyewa Cwinya'ay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264348|Sam D. Martin Widjilowo Ne Itchend]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264349|Eugène Wute Eliko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112264350|Boniface Yemba Poyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265471|ADIA LETI MAWA BAUDOUIN]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265474|Dieudonne Agbumana Motinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265475|Cyprien Aleku Kitika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265476|Gustave Alenge Nadonye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265482|A.M. Ambuku Goty Watsakoke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265483|Serge Amuri Kakibisha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265484|Angalikiana Kalumbula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265485|Dieudonne Anziama Kamuzibani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265487|Jean Bertin Atandele Songe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265488|Arthur Athu-A-Guyimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265489|Marie Avongi Sandrion Yele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265491|Martin Aza Bhatre]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265493|Emmenuel Bahati Vistange]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265495|Jacques Bakambe Shesha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265496|Dieudonné Jacques Bakungu Mythondeke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265497|Nganda Bala Bala Kawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265498|Ed. Balembo Balama Kasomba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265499|Henry Balengola Banyele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265500|Valentin Balume Tussi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265501|Jean Pierre Bangalyba Baly]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265502|Bertin Banganyigabo Kanyeshuli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265503|Buffon Banza Lupusa Biata-Biale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265504|Banze Bwana Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265505|P. Bapolisi Buhuga Polepole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265506|Jean Bosco Barihima Ka-Butsiri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265507|Bashala Kantu wa Milandu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265508|Manasse Bashizi Zirimwagabo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265509|Marthe Bashomberwa Lalia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265510|Seraphin Bata Kyala Ngangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265511|Godefroid Bayoli Kambale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265512|Bertin Beya Mubiayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265513|Jean Beya wa Kabemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265514|Christophe Beyeye Djema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265515|Rose Biasima Lala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265516|Lajos Bidiu Nkebi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265517|Micheline Bie Bongenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265518|Bieto Kutoma Silumbanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265519|Solid Birindwa Chankire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265520|Puis Bitakuya Dunia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265522|Charles Bofassa Djema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265524|Bolenge Yoma Titchou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265527|Jean Bosco Bonsomi Mokpami]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265528|Jacques Yves Bonyoma Falanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265529|Albert Bope Lobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265531|Jean Dieudonne Bosaga Sumaili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265532|Leon Botoko Imeka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265533|Michel Botoro Bodias]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265535|Cyrille Boyenda Ayela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265536|Desire Buherwa Lupini]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265537|Gandhi Bukamba Lufungula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265538|Flavien Bukasa Ngo Enin]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265540|Jeanne Bunda Bitendwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265541|Xavier Bununda Baroki With]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265542|Maurice Bura Pulunyo Cajetan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265544|David Byenge Mukabi Nzuji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265545|Moïse Chokwe Cembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265546|Lovy Chum Murish]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265548|Dhetchouvi Matchu-Mandje]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265550|Anaclet Dikuyi Muboyayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265552|Hubert Dishashi Kalenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131720634|Grégoire MUTSHAIL MUTOMB KANGAJI]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131845049|Jean-Jacques Myewa Elakano]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131845239|Patrick Baka wa bana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131845526|Tchakubuto TH]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131847129|Théophile Basoshi Iubwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131847316|Nyamangyoku ishibwela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131847556|Miruho akili prospère]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131849818|Bahati mahingete Serge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131850232|Bisimwa batadi Frédéric]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131850299|Ndusi nkebe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131850345|Banywesiye vital]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131850727|Kitumahini debirira Didier]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2024-02-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131852188|Mirindi masheka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131852332|Ndatabaye kajibwami]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131852392|Lutala mutiki Trésor]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131852558|Shirulwire bulala basengezi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131853047|Kubaka kalimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131853221|sumahili miseka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131858914|Misare Mugoberwa Claude]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131861980|Amini kabaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131862229|Kokola kantitima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131862431|Kitumahini debirira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131868205|Samuel Adubang'O Awotho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131901808|Kauta Amuri Nyembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131901817|Raymond Akisu Adjule]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131901847|Etienne Andrito Alendo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902414|Robert Agenong'A]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902457|Jean-Marie Akandabo Imbay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902517|Joseph Alimasi Kingungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902528|Shemu Amini Kabaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902540|Kizito Amule Arakayo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902565|Jeef Andaka Gbadani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902582|Vincent Andulu Enzongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131902749|Emmanuel Bahati Baseme]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131903269|Eustache Banza Nsomwe A Nfunkwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131903307|Enock Batsotsi Nyamwisi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131903327|Yannick Barwani Lumbala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131903507|Emmanuel Bakabi Abusa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904090|Sevérin Bamany Mobely]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904252|Nono Berocan Kerauke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904301|Astrid Biduaya Sephora]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904613|Etienne Bimwala Ron Roger]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904682|Frédéric Bisimwa Batandi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131904717|Donatien Bitini Talabau]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905495|Elisé Bokumwana Maposo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905526|Félix Bosekota Mbana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905567|Freddy Bonzeke Iliki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905650|Fiston Bokundoa Angembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905707|Benjamin Bedi Mongay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905759|Justin Bendesana N'Zama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905782|Dieudonné Bhileni Cwanya'Ay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905833|Alain Biayi Mbuyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131905894|Claude Bila Minlangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131911341|Victor Bindu Tshangata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131911367|Georges Bokondu Mukuli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131911386|Zacharie Botuli Yekya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915203|Etienne Bukasa Ntumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915281|Romain-Landry Bussa Mbule]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915344|Jean-Claude Bwanganga Tawaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915381|Jacques Cime Wangunwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915412|Éloi Cubaka Kalimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915420|Marcel Dandu Ekutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915427|Florent Deba Abonogwo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915456|Samuel Degba Mozabi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915485|Thali Dasyo Mokfe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131915507|Baltazar Cola Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126251|Jerry Dikala Majed Lubanzadio]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126300|Yemo Mobutu Dongo Yemo Mobutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126336|John Efambe Ekamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126362|Marc Ekila Likombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126404|Jean Lambert Ekumbaki Ombata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126446|Xavier Emedi Amuri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126482|Patrick Eshiba Kasemuana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126511|Zéphirin Fumumapanda Malamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126567|Venance Eyanga Mboyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126615|Aimé-Jean-Maurice Emela Moninga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126668|Ghislain Embusa Endole-Ya-Lele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132126723|Célestin Katshi Ekoto Loleke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130340|Jacques Colin Efoya Bokeko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130367|Hipolyte Djongambo Ndjadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130447|Alexis Gisaro Muvunyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130481|Venance Ibuli Ebula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130508|Jovany Ilunga Luyoyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130561|Désiré Iwolo Banyafia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130593|Albert Iwondo Ilonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130608|Hermes Itina Mayamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130652|Francis Ilunga Wa Ilunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132130664|Eddy Ilunga Mbuyu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132133346|Reagan Ilanga Bakonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132134668|Adjio Gidi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132143557|Simon Gbalimo Mbedwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132143585|Berthos Kabey Diyal]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145132|Jean-Louis Kalamba Ngindu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145376|Espérant Kamanda Tshionyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145448|Andre Kabemba Kabuele Wayulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145480|John Kabeya Mbonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145587|Olivier Kabeya Sombamanya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145646|Rebecca Kabika Kembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145665|Augustin Kabuya Tshilumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145763|Diddy Kahilu Kawele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132199226|Mwamus Mwamba Mushikonke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132201448|Jean-Baptiste Ndefu Swatongi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132201549|Amedée Ndatabaye Kajibwami]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132201594|Ghislain Ndala Mbayo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132291639|Flory Mapamboli Posa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132291967|Béatrice Masangu Bito]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132399132|Joseph Mwina Kyangebeni]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132399524|Laurent Ngila Moke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132400009|Paul Gaspard Ngondankoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132400431|Alexis Ngoy Kasole Malob]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132400919|Bernard Nkosso Lokakao]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132401505|Julhy N'Sele Zinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132401807|Antoine Ntabala Rwankuba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132402111|Ephremy Nsumbu Tenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ephremy-Nsumbu-Tenda-2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132402598|Olivier Nsendula Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132403010|Tonton Nkoy Ampango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132403290|Didier Nkongo Bamvangila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132455065|Robert Niondo Toko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456273|Alexis Nguele Isikia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456528|Jean Ngoy Mvunzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456682|Fabrice Ngoyi Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456757|Yves Ngongo Otenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456779|Charmant Eliezer Ntambwe Mposhi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456802|Pierre Nyenemo Sanguma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456849|Lambert Osango Nsenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456899|Nancy Phemba Nkongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456924|Levis Rukema Makangura]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456944|Makuke Kapako Paluku Siwako]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456969|Robert Orodrio Angupi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456984|Aam'Zih Nzuzi Kasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132456998|Obedi Nyamangyoku Ishibwela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132457144|Léonard She Okitundu Lundula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132457174|Emile Sumaili Miseka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132457827|Th Tchakubuta Mufaume]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2024-02-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132457968|Antoine Titan Eden Kalonji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458100|Pacio Tshianza Mikobi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458295|Francis Tshibalabala Mukunayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458477|Dan Tshanda Kalengayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458627|Antoine Tokongo Tokoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458806|Jacques Titako Ongoki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132458989|Pierre Sumey Kitenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459079|Benoit Shakasaka Tete]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459122|Jean-Paul Segihobe Begira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459140|Norbert Samaki Andutini]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459166|Jimmy Tshibangu Kabenji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459206|Éric Tshikuma Mwimbayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132459299|John Tshimenga Mutombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472152|Isaac Tshiswaka Tshilombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472216|Aldos-Ali Tshitoko Kapanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472347|Isis Tumba Mbombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472650|Elie Tungunga Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472769|Richard Tukotu Walanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132472789|Armand Tshitende Miteyo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473455|Marcel Tshipepele Ntumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473483|Jean-Pierre Tshimanga Bwana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473550|Isaac Jean Claude Tshilumbayi Musawu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473660|Maurice Tshikuya Kayembe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473688|André Wameso Nkualoloki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2024-02-12
| 2024-06-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473737|Laddy Yangotikala Senga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473790|Charlotte Yumba Tshimbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473827|Marcel Zuma Anibie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132473881|Samuel Yumba Mwanabute]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132474235|John Yav Nawej]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132474574|Placide Wenda Mukangwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132474892|Gaspard Wampeti Epoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132527415|Glody Masudi Kalombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132527541|Justin Masimo Monzimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132527612|Gustave Masanga Kapenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265553|Andre Diumasumbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265554|Gaspard Diur Katond]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265555|Joseph Djema Ngoy Luma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265556|Flory Dumbi Mbadu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265557|Faustin Dunia Barakani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265558|Jacques Ebweme Yonzaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265559|Lilonda Edo Kasongo Bin]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265561|Evariste Ejiba Yamapia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265562|Ferdinand Ekam Wina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265563|Marie Louise Ekpoli Lenti]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265566|Denis Engunda Litimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265567|Ernest Etula Libange]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265568|Iwoka Ewanga Isewanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265569|Gabriel Fangbi Ngindo Kekpe Popolipo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265570|Fulgence Fono Makiasi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265571|Furabo Tondabo Mylet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265572|Jean Marie Gapemonoko Lobotdumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265573|Chrysostome Gbandazwa Masibando]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265574|Oscar Gema Di Mageko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265575|Albert Gibga Gite]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265576|Bernard Guyeni Masili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265577|Cleophas Guyzanga Guyandiga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265578|Jean Baudouin Idambituo Bakaato]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265579|Robert Ilunga Kambala Musasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265580|Benjamin Ilunga Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265582|Freddy Isomela Iyongha Lofalata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265583|Cyprien Iyamuleme Baragomanwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265584|Claude Kabagambe Magbo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265619|Dominique Kabengela Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265621|Che Kabimbi Ngoy Mwana Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265623|Leon Kabongo Mpongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265625|Alexis Kadima Lubemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265627|Toussaint Kaditanga Kikwanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265629|Maurice Kafindo Bin Kosamu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265631|J.C. Kahembe Rwandinda Bigaruka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265633|Jean Kahusu Makwela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265635|Sophie Kakudji Yumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265637|Enoch Kakule Byatekwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265638|Pheresie Kakule Molo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265639|Muhima Kakule Sumbusu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265644|Vano Kalembe Kiboko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265647|Jean Jacques Kalenga wa Kubwilu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265651|Omar Kalonji Tshisenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265653|Jerome Kamate Lukundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265655|Faustin Kambala Ilunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265661|Dieudonne Kamona Yumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265662|Jean Marie Kamoni Mokota Lissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265664|Samuel Kanyegere Lwaboshi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265666|Donatien Kanyi Nzia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265669|Venance Kapuya Tshimankinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265671|Edmondus Kasereka Vukutu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265673|Alain Jean Pierre Kashindi Assumani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265675|Zephirin Kasindi Yumbe Sulbali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265677|Jean Louis Kasongo Kawaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265681|Kasongo Numbi Kashemukunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265683|Gilbert Kasongo Sakadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265684|Pele Kaswara Tahigwomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265686|T. Katanga Mukumadi Yamutumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265688|Jacques Katembo Makata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265690|Gregoire Katende wa Ndaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265693|Leonne Kati Kati Mundele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265695|Etienne Katolu Munona Malu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265697|Jean Rene Katshiela Lungala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265699|Christian Katsuva Sikuli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265701|Kakusi Katsuva Syahembulwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265705|Cyprien Kaubo Mutula Lwa Matanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265706|Ambroise Kawesha Mutundo Ule]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265708|Jean Kayenga Bandakela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265709|Annie Kayiba Muambuyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265710|Dieudonne Kayombo Sekesenu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265712|Dieudonné Kazadi Nyembwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265714|Bernard Kazwala Mayanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265716|Andre Mobikisi Kembe Ntambwe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265717|Alphonse Kembukuswa Nlaza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265721|Marceline Kibambe Lubangi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265723|Gauthier Kididi Kiki Kilolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265725|Ghislain Kienge Dyashi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265727|Marie Jeanne Kika Zamuda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265729|Wilfrid Kikadi Gapongolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265730|Ruffin Kikapa Kipanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265731|Eric Kilengwa Lubambu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265734|Jacques-Protais Kimeme Bin Rukohe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265735|Christophe Kingotolo Lunianga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265738|Simon Kisala Wabongya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265740|Eric Kisimba Kimbalunanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265744|Leon Kisolokele Lukelo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265746|Yves Etienne Kisombe Bisika Lisasi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265748|Etienne Kisunka Cola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265749|Jean Oscar Kiziamina Kibila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265752|Jacques Koko Igumba Mussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265754|Boniface Konde Muwelwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265755|Bernardin Kondokelwa Itunga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265756|Desire Koyengete Solo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265757|Jean Pierre Kpawili Wedogulune]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265758|Rabbin Kpenumo Moolongawi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265761|Michel Kumaluta Shangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265763|Fulbert Kunda Kisenga Milundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265765|Emmanuel Kutonda Kolami Kiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265773|Jean Pierre Kutudisa Panda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265775|Damien Kwabene Mwetaminwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265776|Gerard Kwungwasa Nakahuga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265777|Jean Louis Ernest Kyaviro Malemo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265781|Jean-Pierre Labughe Izaley]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265783|Francois Lemba Sala Midimo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265785|Sebastien Lessendjina Ikwame]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265787|Claudien Likulia Lifoma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265788|Alexis Likunda Ndolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265789|Pascal Lipemba Ikpanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265791|Jean-Claude Logo Mugenyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265794|Eugene Lomata Etitingi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265832|Gaston Longina Bwana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265833|Edmond Longo Ki-Mbenza Makasi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265834|Titien Longomo Nsongo Iwawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265835|Claude-Andre Lubaya wa Lubaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265836|Raymond Luete Katembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265837|Felicien Lukunga Katanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265840|Raphael Lusasi Kimangidi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265841|Jacques Luzito Isipako]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265843|Edmond Luzolo Lwa Nganga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265844|Cherry-Ernest Maboloko Ngulambangu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265845|Garri Mabongo Katembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265846|Georgine Madiko Mulende]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265847|Cyrille Makepa Ntambue]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265848|Alain Makhana Manzenza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265849|Emmanuel Makiadi Ma Kinkela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265850|Prince Sylvestre Makila Ngakiber Swani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265851|Makonero Wildor]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265852|Pierre Maloka Makondji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265853|Le Bon Mambo Mawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265854|Jean Paul Mambu Mbumi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265855|Bosco Mananga Ma Tshiama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265856|Fulgence Mangbanzo Dua Engenza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265857|Godefroid Mankumbwa Yasupa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265858|Cyrille Manzembele Kokongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265859|Baudouin Manzombi Kulumbamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265860|Mapati Kahindo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265861|Hubert Masala Loka Mutombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265862|Augustin Mashauri Baganda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265863|Christophe Masumbuko Bashomba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265864|Jean Felix Mata Ebeka Ebama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265865|Matabishi Musakani Wavungire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265866|Gaston Mathe Nzinzi Mula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265867|Georgette Matondo Kati Mayala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265869|Marcel Mazhunda Zanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265870|Donatien Mazono Ansur-Ankus]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265871|Jean Baptiste Mbalu Kikuta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265872|Delphin Mbanza Mangwata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265873|Alain Mbaya Kakasu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265876|Philipe Mbenza Kunietama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265877|Chantal Mbenza Simba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265878|Helene Mbokashanga Mikobi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265880|Cyrille Mbuembue Kaseu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265881|Wilfrid Mbuya Mibanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265882|Daniel Mbuya Mukiewa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265884|Remy Metela Pulumba Mikaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265885|Godefroid Midu Shamuhamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265888|Reginard Missa Amubuombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265889|Luseela Mitendo Mwadi Yinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265891|Joseph Nicolas Modua Molengomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265892|Jean-Matthieu Mohulemby Bubangakozo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265894|Marie Moke Mambango]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265895|Jean-Baudouin Mokoha Monga Adogo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265896|Hubert Moliso Nendolo Bolita]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265898|Joseph Mpaka Malundama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265899|Ruffin Mpaka Mawete]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265900|Jacques Mpanamo Ntamwenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265901|Michel Mpasi-A-Mbongo Dora]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265902|Bernard Mpetshi Wooto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265903|Matthieu Mpungue Muitshika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265905|Benjamin Muamba Mulunda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265906|Deogratias Mubalama Kashamangali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265908|Didier Mudizo Musengo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265909|Charles Muhigirwa Mulume Oderwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265910|Alphonse Muhind Kasole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265911|Muhindo Matayo Sengemoya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265913|Jean Lama Mukalay Bikuhangila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265914|Jean Christophe Mukanya Nkashama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265915|Jean Pierre Mukeba Tshikala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265917|Jean Martin Mukonkole Kibengie Muki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265918|Theo Mukwabatu Buka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265919|Zenon Mukwakani Gahungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265920|Donatien Mulamba Katoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265922|Octave Mulaya Mapatano]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265923|Arthur Mulumba Izuela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265924|Jean Mulunda Shimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265925|Alain Mulya Kalonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265926|Alphonse Munamire Mungu-Akonkwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265927|Thomas Munayi Muntu Monji]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265928|Munongo Ban’chy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265929|Dieudonne Mupata Lugalu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265930|Raymond Mushesha Ndoole]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265937|Crispin Mutumbe Mbuya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265938|Thomas Muulwa Kataala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265939|Jacques Muyumba Ndubula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265940|Marc Mvwama Anedu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265941|Marc Mwamikedi Makani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265942|Mwenze Mutombo Nkundu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265944|Pascal-Joseph M'vula Kapome]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265945|Adrien Nawezia Chikwand]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265946|Rene Nday Kabongo Kyanza Ngombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145792|Charles Kakule Sabungo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145810|Jean-Pierre Kalinde Kavimbwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145826|Albert Kamba Kayembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145851|Célestin Kamb Kamulangul]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132145871|Ida Kamonji Nasserwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132146055|Guy ceta Kankonde Mpathou]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132146324|Alain Kantenga Kapenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132146356|Alain Kapya Makumbo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132146414|Jean-Marie Kaseya Tshingambo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132146427|Nene Kashinde Avodjoa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147265|Isabelle Kitumaini Nangabo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147319|Elie Kolongo Darwezi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147342|Synim Lenge Ngoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147376|Jean Laury Lilongo Botshili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147414|Jelina Linyonga Za Nyalembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147472|Christophe Lofose Empangi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147643|Nicholson Fils Longo Longo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132147894|Didier Kitumaini Ndebirira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132151282|Désiré Casimir Kolongele Eberande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132151311|Bosco Kombi Pendani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132151398|Trésor Limengo Ikolonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132151439|Franck Lomasa Otoko Dombelo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132151468|Vincent-Medard Lonombe-Kon-Lonombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153470|Peter Lopose Motigea]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153494|Théoveul Lotika Likwela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153529|Serge Junior Lukadi Mulumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153557|Serge Makongo Kangantima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153582|Emmanuel Makonga Kabila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2024-02-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153635|Nene Mainzana Mapoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153695|Tity Lonsala Nsombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132153803|Taylor Lubanga Muambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132157974|Mickael Lukoki Nsimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mickael Lukoki Nsimba portrait RDC 2025.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132158163|Cesar Matabaro Rwamanyuku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132158250|Jospin Mateso Savo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132158331|Donatien Matoko Luemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132158407|Marcel Matumpa Buka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132166849|Meschack Mandefu Muela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167102|Elvis Atsongya kiyaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167162|Ruphin Mangbau Mongungu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167454|Blanchard Mangomba Bomeya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167457|François Mayani Paku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167766|Gloire Mbemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167835|Adam Mbaya Kavulambedi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167875|Joseph Mbaya Kabwe Wa Muadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167924|Edmond Mbanz A Mbang]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132167987|Mavungu Mavungu Alain Stallone]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132168069|Zola Matomina Nsuela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132168107|Celestin Matili Esanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132168228|Boniface Matanda Kabanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132168399|Doudou mangu mangu dunia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132171126|Pierre Celestin Mbodina Iribi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132174974|Didier mbuyi mundela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175333|Bruno Miteyo Nyenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175420|Jacqueline Daida Moleka Anongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175466|David Mompaka Iyeli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175497|Aimé Pascal Mongo Lokonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175564|Godé Mpoy Kadima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175652|Jean-Paul Muber Jauli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132175740|Charles Muhadila Kapenda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181463|Marcel Mufungizi Musharhamina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181527|Janvier Msenyibwa Apele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181570|Michel Moto Muhima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181600|Isidore Monzia Lingula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181625|Richard Mona Mbumu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181633|Obedi Muhindo Simisi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181652|Richard Mukaya Kazadi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181686|Christian Mukendi Kalemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181712|Jerry Mulamba Mande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181733|Edo-Pascal Mulangu Kalala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181752|Wenslens Mulenga Upala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181786|Donatien Muloko Kamwanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181817|Thierry Mulumba Mpandanjila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181848|Guy Geoffrey Munana Ramazani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132181890|Symphorien Mungala Mputu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132182786|Jules Mumbere Mathe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132183045|Edouard Mulumba Mudiandambu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132183081|Guelord Mulimbi Kasongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184003|Jean De Dieu Mulenda Ebondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184191|Didier Anicet Mukoko Kinamvuid]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184217|Jérôme Muntu Woma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184283|André Mushongo Mashara]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184381|Trésor Muyeye Lutongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184406|Patrick Mvuanda Nzola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184411|Jethro Muyombi Tshimbu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184483|Joseph Muteba Kasambay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184514|Moise Mussa Kabwankubi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184531|Guy Musomo Wapemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132184549|François Mungu Jakisa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189165|Patrick Namazihana Bachoke]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189220|Fortunat Ndambo Mandjuandju]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189694|Justin Ndayisimye Hererimana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189879|Ernest Ndengo Bapelembi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189911|Jean Marie Vianney Ndjaza Linde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132189950|Jean Paul Ngabu Tsunde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132190445|Yannick Mambu Mbasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132190542|Jean-Marie Mangobe Bomungo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132190636|Bienvenu Mangonza Bayekele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132198283|Paquis Nganini Atabakutuba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132198382|Jean Trésor Ngea Dala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q132198807|Sébastien Ndosiba M'Vanzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265947|Laurent Ndaye Nkondo Mulekelayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265948|Gilbert Ndjaba Kpande]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265949|Djonio Ndjoku Nyou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265950|Helene Ndombe Sita]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265951|Albert Ndombele Locko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265952|Pascal Ndudi Ndudi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265953|Ne Muanda Semi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265955|Jean Pierre Ngabu Kparri]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265956|Mamie Ngalula Kalala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265957|Emmanuel Ngbalindie Sasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265959|Wilfried Ngoie wa Mwenze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265960|Ngokosso Apa Michel Pierre]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265961|Sebastien Ngolomingi Mpele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265962|Joseph Ngoma Di Nzau Matone]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265963|Ngoma Kosi Abdoul]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265966|Jean Nathanaël Ngoyi Mukanku]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265967|Victor Nguala Bananika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265968|Seraphin Ngwande Mebale-Balezu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265969|Celestin Nkenda Kaslema]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265970|Nephtali Nkizinkiko Mpawe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265972|Jean Pierre Nsiala wa Bansiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265973|Nsimba Lutete Esaie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265974|Nicolas Nteny Olelle Afya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265975|Camille Ntombolo Mutuala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265976|Isidore Ntumba Mwangung]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265977|Willy Mercier Ntumba Petumpenyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265979|Roger Ntumba Torro wa Ntumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265980|Raphaël Nyabirungu Mwene Songa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265981|Seraphin Nyami Ngwamashi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265982|Louise Nzazi Muana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265983|N’dom Nda Ombel Constant]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265984|Michel N'sole Mokoruboba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265985|Robert N'zikianda Ankolia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265986|Jean Obote Sirika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265987|Gustave Omba Bindimono]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265988|Leon Ozana Wezago]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265989|Paluku Mikundi Vikwirahangi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265990|Gilbert Paluku wa Mutheti]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265991|Patcho Panda Jakulu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265993|Pay Pay Wa Siagasiche]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265994|Genevieve Pea-Pea Ndembo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265995|Telesphore Pero Mahopa Banyath]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265996|Sylvain Pitshi Ndambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265997|Jean Paul Pond Kayamb]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265998|Theobald-Blaise Rogho Ngimale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112265999|Georges Sabiti Muhire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266000|Thomas Vincent De Paul Safari wa Kibancha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266002|Sekimonyo Wa Magango Come]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266003|Pascal Selinga Kodeye-Wene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266005|Martin Shalo Dudu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266006|Vincent Sibkasibka Malaume]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266007|Jacques Sima Krulikemun]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266008|Casimir Sindani Anyama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266009|Sindani Mulonde Esdras]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266010|Gilbert Sugabo Ngbulabo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266011|Fernand Sumari Balike]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266012|Paul-Ignace Sumbu Longhomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266013|Alexis Takizala Masoso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2006
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266014|Nestor Tela Falanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266015|Fidele Tingombay Mondonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266016|Marc Tshata Sakapumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266017|Marcel Tshibuyi Mitambe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266018|Georges Tshilenge Mbuyi Shambuyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266021|Jerome Tshombe Nawej]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266023|Jean Bosco Ukumu Nyamuloka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266025|Jean Marie Uvoya Cwinya'y]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266026|Pierre-Claver Uweka Ukaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266027|Yvon Uwor Cwinya'ay]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266028|Felix Vundwawe Te Pemako]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266043|Joseph Wando Wandata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266045|Melanie Wisso Eyenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266047|Yvon Yanga Kidiamene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266048|Seraphin Zimba-Zimba Mw-Ah-Kikar]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112266049|Fabien Emery Zulu Kilo Abi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112274911|Sacré Inioki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113824423|Bungishabaku Katho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118692962|Françoise Milolo Tshianda Malu]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124052241|Marie Kyet Mutinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutinga.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125322637|Marie-Claire Kengo Wa Dondo Mokandakese]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2024-02-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126265818|Guy Kabombo Muadiamvita]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131010382|Paulin Lendongolia Lebabonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Paulin LENDONGOLIA LEBABONGA.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131217355|Emil Saidi Balikwisha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Emil Saidi Balikwisha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131429411|Katembo mafugula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131429562|Kasereka siwako]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131538867|Patrick Salumu Witakenge]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131577666|Mumbere Bwanapuwa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Eric Mumbere Bwanapuwa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131666832|Christian Kitungwa Muteba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Christian Kitungwa Muteba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131709774|Katembo Mafungula Christian]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131711817|Kamwelungu Mwanga Silvano]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131715939|Kambale Kibakoze Moise]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131716085|Birianze Desire]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131716217|Kasereka Kisanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131716307|David Kamuha]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131716341|Kakule Mwira]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131716403|Jannot Muinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131718342|Musavuli Kipasa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131718879|Mumbere Sikulu David]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131718990|Ramazani Thereze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131719038|Mburalo Axcel]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131719384|Bikoe Morisho]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>pz1ec1xoa7otoe8hirknzjfjqbj5g7w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of the Congo</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622166</id>
      <parentid>621965</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:37:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622166</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45764" sha1="7jo0dvouqmelmd7ahr6kk6sf1surdj4" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the National Assembly of the Congo who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295980 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295980/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295980/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295980/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57890|Isidore Mvouba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Isidore Mvouba - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112399|Joseph Kignoumbi Kia Mboungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2002
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q521920|André Milongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Milongo3.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q740438|Alphonse Massamba-Débat]]''
| olóṣèlú, Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Stamp of Congo, Republic (Brazzaville) - 1965 - Colnect 675065 - Président Massamba Debat (cropped).jpeg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q767085|Bernard Kolélas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1541759|Jean-Baptiste Tati-Loutard]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Fránsì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tati-Loutard.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3022596|Denis-Christel Sassou Nguesso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Denis Christel Sassou Nguesso - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3085455|François Nguimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3121597|Guy Brice Parfait Kolélas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2007
| 2021-03-22
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3142653|Hugues Ngouelondélé]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3169789|Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3229259|Justin Lekoundzou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3295579|Martin Parfait Aimé Coussoud-Mavoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Coussoud-Mavoungou - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3383396|Pierre-Michel Nguimbi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3386379|Pierre Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pierre Moussa, President of the Commission of the CEMAC - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3438286|Rodolphe Adada]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rodolphe Adada - 2005 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3557597|Victor Tamba-Tamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3588368|Emile Bongeli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Òṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò|Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Olóṣèlú ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4686987|Adélaïde Moundélé-Ngollo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4705682|Alain Moka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4720824|Alexandre Denguet Atiki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4760022|André Okombi Salissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:André Okombi Salissa - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4821030|Auguste-Célestin Gongarad Nkoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4888314|Benjamin Bounkoulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4893697|Bernard Tchibambelela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2012
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Bernard tchibambelela.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4979263|Bruno Itoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5128679|Claude Alphonse Nsilou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5129307|Claudine Munari]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Claudine Munari (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5371792|Emilienne Raoul]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Émilienne Raoul - 2012 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5409443|Euloge Landry Kolélas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Euloge Landry Kolélas - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5452128|Firmin Ayessa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Firmin Ayessa - 2018 (cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5493295|François Ibovi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1992
| 2012-09-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5515546|Gabriel Bokilo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gabriel Bokilo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5515770|Gabriel Oba-Apounou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5515899|Gabriel Valère Eteka Yemet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5561139|Gilbert Ondongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Congolese Finance Minister (6498524327) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5625984|Gérard Bitsindou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5715430|Henri Djombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2002
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Henri Djombo - Salon du livre de Paris 2015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169165|Jean-Claude Siapa Ivouloungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169352|Jean-Jacques Bouya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169656|Jean-Marie Tassoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean Marie Tassoua, 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169668|Jean-Martin Mbemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169679|Jean-Michel Bokamba-Yangouma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6169929|Jean-Pierre Lékoba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6172056|Jeanne Dambendzet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6281268|Joseph Badiabio]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6317789|Justin Koumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6482763|Lamyr Nguélé]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lamyr Nguélé - July 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6688406|Louis Zatonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6695723|Luc Adamo Matéta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6711024|Léon-Alfred Opimbat]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6745366|Mamadou Kamara Dékamo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6774710|Martial Mathieu Kani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6787108|Mathias Dzon]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1992
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Mathias Dzon - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6793338|Maurice Mavoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6950074|Mélanie Komzo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7141729|Pascal Tsaty Mabiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1992
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pascal Tsaty Mabiala pour Madingou (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7191981|Pierre-Ernest Abandzounou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192163|Pierre Damien Boussoukou-Boumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192339|Pierre Mabiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pierre Mabiala 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192379|Pierre Ngolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pierre Ngolo - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192384|Pierre Nzila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7192397|Pierre Passi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7299001|Raymond Mboulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Raymond Mboulou, July 2016.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7453340|Serge Michel Odzoki]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Serge Michel Odzoki - July 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7630018|Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660858|Sylvestre Ossiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8022581|Willy Matsanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15046890|Jean-Claude Gakosso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2007-08-31
| 2017-08-19
| [[Fáìlì:Jean-Claude Gakosso - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16190965|Henri Ossébi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Henri Ossébi, ABr 1150GB0017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16191165|Fernand Sabaye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16204260|Alexis Ndinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16673607|Jean-Pierre Makouta-Mboukou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16727513|Michel Bidimbou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16727600|Roland Bouiti-Viaudo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730014|Jean-Claude Ibovi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733553|Serge Blanchard Oba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16873364|Raymond Isaac Follo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16886205|Joseph Tsalabiendzé]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16951225|Benoît Bati]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17110704|Jean-Didace Médard Moussodia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17111062|René-Dambert Ndouane]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17388560|Marcel Kalla]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19819308|Thierry Moungalla]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Thierry Moungalla (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21007638|Julien Makoundi Tchibinda]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23928873|Clément Mouamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Clément Mouamba - 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24158913|Léonidas Mottom]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-08-19
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25695110|Léon Raphaël Mokoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Léon Raphaël Mokoko (20 April 2015) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26689539|Jean-Marc Thystère-Tchicaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean-Marc Thystère-Tchicaya, 2025 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30728059|Julien Francis Moufonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46550904|Jean Dello]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jean Dello.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48778049|Pierre Obambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pierre Obambi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48778190|Destinée Ermela Doukaga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-07-15
| 2022-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50379869|Aimé Ange Wilfrid Bininga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-08-19
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aimé Ange Wilfrid Bininga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55807584|Josué Rodrigue Ngouonimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57069711|Charles Nganfouomo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57464277|Nicéphore Fylla de Saint-Eudes]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61600532|Inès Nefer Ingani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-08-19
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Inès Nefer Ingani (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61729121|Jean-François Kando]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64398239|Ferréol Gassackys]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ferréol 02.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65158671|Antoine Bienaimé Obam'Ondon]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Antoine Bienaimé Obam'Ondon.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q94285488|Digne Elvis Okombi Tsalissan]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Digne Elvis Tsalissan Okombi.webp|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105755868|Antoinette Tielé Gambia Olou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105756339|Charlotte Opimbat]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105763582|Blandine Nianga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106366290|Honoré Sayi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Honoré Sayi - 2017 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112321250|Gabriel Longobe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112321258|Marcel Mbani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112321264|Rigobert Maboundou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112321267|Simon Mfoutou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568207|Raphael Andamoui]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568397|Alexandre Aloumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568398|Blaise Ambeto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568399|Gerald Lone Bambi Goma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568400|Gabriel Batchi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568401|Brice Dimitri Bayendissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568402|Placide Helb Bidie Biambemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568403|Alphonse Bidounga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568404|Alois Devic Bissouta Mabonda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568405|Jean Bruno Biyot]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568406|Gabriel Bokoumaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568407|Baccer Bongouambe Molobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568409|Bonaventure Boudzika]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568411|Adélaïde Rufine Chisso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568412|Samuel Dilou Ngoma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568413|Virginie Euphrasie Dolama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568414|José Cyr Adélard Ebina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568415|Faustin Elenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568416|Ghyslain Millet Galibali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568417|Ferrol Constant Patrick Gassackys]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568418|Ninon Pachel Gouamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568419|Thierry Hobie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568420|Felix Ibara Ndeli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568421|Jean Pierre Ibombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568422|Théodore Ikemou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568423|Suzanne Kaba Vele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568424|Jean Bruno Kanga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568425|Régis Joseph Kibozi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568426|Marie Jeanne Kouloumbou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568427|Jean De Dieu Kourissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568428|Justice Lalissini Bikindou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568429|Claudia Lemboumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568430|Pascal Alain Leyinda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568463|Jeremih Sylvain Lissouba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-07-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568464|Simon Litengo Kongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568465|Alexandre Mabiala]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568466|Christian Ernest Makosso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568467|Nicolas Jean Jacques Malonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568468|Olga Clarisse Mambouo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568469|Ferdinand Mamona]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568470|Venance Mania]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568471|Paul Matombe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568473|Préference Gérald Matsima Kimbembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568474|Jean Antoine Mavoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568475|Jean Valère Mbani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568476|Eugene Mbanzoulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568477|Joseph Mbossa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568478|Albert Mbouma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568481|Michel Mboussi Ngouari]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568482|Stella Mensah]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568483|Josué Mihambou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568484|Pierre Christian Minda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568485|Marien Mobondzo Endzonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568486|Zacharie Mokemo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568487|Juste Désiré Mondele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568489|Aimé Hydevert Mouagni]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568490|Jean Jacques Mouanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568491|Pierre Mouandza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568492|Serge Hubert Mouele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568493|David Benoit Mouhoumounou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568494|Christophe Ndiki Mampaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568495|Accel Arnaud Ndinga Makanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568496|François Ndouna]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568497|Auguste Ngabelet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568498|Bersol Exaucé Ngambili Ibam]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568499|Alphonse Ngatsele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568500|Denis Auguste Marie Ngokana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568501|Antoine Ngoula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568502|Boniface Ngoulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568503|Golfe Ngozok Misseka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568508|Gaétan Nkodia Kynd]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568509|Jean Nkouka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568510|Marianne Nkounka Mananga Yogo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568511|André Nyanga Elenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568512|Macaire Nzomono]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568515|Ulriche N'Goma Mboukou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568516|Michel Okoueni]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568517|Maixent Raoul Ominga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568518|Jaurès Ondele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568519|Evariste Ondongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568520|Dominique Ondze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568521|Bernadette Ondze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568523|Oscar Otoka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2017-08-19
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Oscar Otoka 2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568524|Saturnin Otsaleyoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568525|Abel Jo Owassa Yaucka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568526|Jules Junior Romy Oyo Embounou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568527|Germaine Pambou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568528|Sylvain Samba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568529|Hyppolite Seko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568530|Jean Aimé Sounda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568531|Jean Sybali]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568532|Paul Gilbert Tchignoumba Boumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568533|Laurent Tengo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568536|Marie Louise Tono]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568537|Jean Appolinaire Tsiba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568539|Adrien Tsoumou Moukassa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568540|Yves Tsoumou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568541|Bienvenu Victor Zamba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568543|Henri Zoniaba Ayimessone]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568775|Philippe Ampion]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568776|Pierre Symphorien Aniaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568778|Pierre Bassouama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568779|Jean Marie Batheas]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568780|Gabriel Bizonzi Nouny]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568781|Bernard Claude Auge Bongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568782|Raymond Bongo Mavoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568783|Jean Marie Bopoumbou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568785|Edith Ebourefe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568786|Julien Epola]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568789|Isabelle Marthe Fila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568790|Tanguy Jastel Fouemina]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568791|Guillaume Foutou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568792|Guy Timothee Gantsio Ngambou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568794|Alphonsine Ibeyabo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568796|Ibrahim Diawara]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568797|Hyacinthe Ingani]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568798|Hilaire Epiphane Kidzie]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568799|Amedee Kiloemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568800|Alphonse Kitombo Ngoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568801|Laurent Kollo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568802|Alphonse Koua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568805|Dieudonne Lengoma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568806|Marcel Leouobo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568807|Delphin Loembet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568808|Veronique Loembet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568810|Jean Louela Boumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568811|Loussakou Francois]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568812|Andre Emile Mabonzo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568813|Yves Bernard Mahoungou Masila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568814|Jean Jacques Malanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568815|Philibert Malonga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568816|Gerry Gerard Mangondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568817|Jean Baptiste Mavoungou Makaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568818|Mabio Mavoungou Zinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568819|Jean Michel Mavoungou-Ngot]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568820|Damien Miakassissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568821|Claude Abraham Milandou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568822|Placide Moudoudou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568826|Ulrich Ngoma Mboungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568827|Charles David Ngoubili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568829|Jean Marie Nsonde]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568830|Handel Laury Nzengui Mombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568832|Roger Edouard Okoula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568833|Jean Claude Ollingo Oniangue]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568835|Jean Daniel Ovaga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568838|Jean Sibaly]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568839|Louis Soussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112568842|Jean Tseke Moukila]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570911|Georges Métoul]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570914|Jean Rodrigue Mvouma]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570916|Jean Serge Kentoula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570930|Emilienne Charlotte Lékoundzou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570931|Bernadette Ondaye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570934|Paul Stanislas Nguié]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570940|Théophile Adoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112570942|Victor Foudi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655000|Daniel Baloubouka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655001|Dominique Basseyla]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655002|Ambroise Bayakissa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655004|Jean Richard Bongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655005|Auguste Boussoukou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655006|Serge César Bouya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655007|Prosper Bouétoubassa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655008|Emmanuel Bété-Siba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655010|Prosper Diatoulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655011|Eric Dékambi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655012|Antoinette Ganongo Olou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655015|Jean Claude Dieudonné Hemilombolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655016|Serge Victor Ignoumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655017|Martial De-Paul Ikounga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655019|Patrice Kadia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655021|Boniface Kiminou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655022|André Kissangui]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655025|Jean Alexis Legernare]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655026|Jean Toussaint Loemba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655027|Mathias Raymond Loukoulou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655028|André Fortuné Louzitou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655031|Darius Makaya Zassi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655032|Joseph Mapengo Ganongo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655033|Enoch Matabouna]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655034|Jean Matamaya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655035|Jean-Paul Matsima]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655036|Stevy Etienne Mayela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655037|Raoul Mboungou Nzoumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655038|Daniel Mboyi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655039|Dieudonné Missié]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655040|Paul Miénahata]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655044|Jacques Motto]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655045|Jean Claude Mouanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655046|Henri Mouleké]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655047|Jean Bernard Moussodia]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655049|Rodrigue Arsène Mouyecket]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655053|Nguimbi Piere Michel]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655055|Gaston Ndivili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655056|Fidèle Ngouaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655058|Dominique Nimi Madingou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655059|Jean Gilbert Nitou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655062|Lucie Oba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655063|Lambert Okoko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655065|Séraphin Onsouene]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655066|Emille Ouosso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655067|Daniel Pea]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655068|Micheline Potignon]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655070|Abraham Soko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112655072|Norbert Constant Zaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660125|Emmanuel Boungouanza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660126|Joseph Adam Boussou Diangou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660244|Pierre Bakoli Bayack]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660246|Philippes Célestin Bokondo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660247|Jacques Bombet]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660250|Raymond Ebounda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660253|Norbert Iboko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660254|Jean Kaba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660255|Yvon Roger Kouebe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660256|Joseph Mana Kouakoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660258|Godefroy Mavoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660259|Bernard Mbassi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660262|Obambi Ondaye]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112660265|Mélanie Sondjo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661180|Philippe Assama]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661181|Jem Ayoulove]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661182|Zacharie Bakana]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661184|Bita-Madzou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661185|Joachim Bongbele]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661186|Célestin Medouzel]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661187|Pierre Dombo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661188|Maurice Ebale]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661189|Richard Ebouangoy Pounga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661190|Marie Elaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661191|Albert Elenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661192|Jean Eyenga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661193|Raymond Ibeaho-Bouya]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661194|Emmanuel Itoua]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661195|Hébert Kakoula Kady]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661196|Edouard Kedi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661197|Fidèle Kekolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661198|Adrienne Kosso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661199|Alphonse Koumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661201|Jean Lounana Kouta]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661202|Jean Pierre Magnoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661203|Jean Pierre Mahoungou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661204|Abel Massengo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661205|Claude Etienne Massimba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661206|Auguste Mayili]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661207|Adolphe Mbalawa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661208|Flavien Mbela]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661209|Abraham Mbossa Akandze]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661210|Adolphe Mbou Maba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661212|Albert Symphorien Mboussa]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661213|Bernard Missamou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661214|Martin Mitsingou Poumba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661215|Augustin Monaphy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661216|Clément Mouanda]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661217|Donatien R. Mouanda Kitsinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661218|Ralcoh Mouanda Kitsinga]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661219|Jacques Mouanda Mpassi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661220|Jean Baptiste Moussa Moukandat]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661221|Jean Claude Moussavou]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661222|Pierre Ngaka]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661223|Ida Victorine Ngampolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661224|Gervais Ngatse-Ngouembe]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661225|Nicolas Nkouli]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661226|Christophe Oko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661227|François Ondaye Akiera]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661229|Georges Ouavelakedi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661230|Angélique Paraiso]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661231|Richard Pounga Ebouangoy]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661232|Jean Aimé Tchibota Taty]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661233|Narcisse Sédar Tsana Banzouzi]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661234|Norbert Yaca]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661235|Nicodème Yandza]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661236|Jean Baptiste Yeke Kokolo]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661237|Luc Sylvain Yoba]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112661238|Daniel Zoula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138049438|Marie-Joseph Leko]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 1959
| No/unknown value
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139669435|Prince Bertrand Bahamboula]]''
| 
| [[Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Kóngò]]
| 2022-08
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prince Bertrand Bahamboula 16 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>7jo0dvouqmelmd7ahr6kk6sf1surdj4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Gambia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66687</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622228</id>
      <parentid>621978</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T04:25:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622228</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10241" sha1="8c1fgdp513uz4dk2o89b4np4im7fr9m" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly of Gambia who was a mame twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295984 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295984/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295984/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295984/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q308336|Abdou F.M. Badjie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q308425|Abdoulie Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q308435|Abdoulie Kanagi Jawla]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q323064|Abou Karamba Kassamba]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q814985|Bekai Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q815618|Belinda Bidwell]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q864065|Bintanding Jarju]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q991990|Lamin M. M. Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q997370|Buba Samura]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1280080|Ebrima Janko Sanyang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1331301|Elizabeth Renner]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1390063|Fabakary Cham]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1390067|Fabakary Jatta]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1525179|Kalifa Kambi]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1572664|Hamat Bah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aid for Trade Global Review 2017 – Day 1 (35705510602).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1615901|Kanimang Sanneh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1620155|Almamy Touray]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1872177|Louise N’Jie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1883334|Madi Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1955595|Mustapha B. Wadda]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2006110|Nyimasata Sanneh-Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Sidia Jatta]]
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2391822|Tamsir Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125967|Halifa Sallah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Halifa Sallah 2016.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17464742|Buba Baldeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18710893|Foday Jibani Manka]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18761874|Babanding K.K. Daffeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19298298|Paul L. Mendy]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23772063|Mama Fatima Singhateh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AG mama.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28736806|Baba Jobe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28839661|Samba Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28839669|Momodou L. K. Sanneh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Momodou Lamin Sanneh, the Deputy Speaker of the Gambian National Assembly.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28873762|Mam Mbye Secka]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28924985|Lamin Saine]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28925177|Modou Bamba]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29535468|Dembo Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29573264|Fatoumatta Njai]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29577935|Muhammed Magassy]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29580200|Mariam Jack-Denton]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 2017-04
| 2022-04
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55077373|Ramzia Diab]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55426613|Billay G. Tunkara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 2017
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55846074|Ndey Yassin Secka]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55979356|Suwaibou Touray]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55986149|Muhammed Mahanera]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56005593|Foday N. M. Drammeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56064928|Alhagie H. Sowe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56070681|Alfusainey Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56070682|Alhagie F. B. Sillah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56070689|Amadou Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56159563|Alhagie Mbow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56159570|Sainey Jawara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56166100|Alhagie Darboe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56166103|Dawda Kawsu Jawara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56166580|Omar Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56167025|Demba Sowe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56172752|Ousman Touray]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56172760|Dembo K. M. Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56172860|Momodou Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56183128|Alhagie Jawara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56183267|Sulayman Saho]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56190687|Salifu Jawo]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56190902|Omar Darboe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56191444|Mahtarr M. Jeng]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56191447|Fakebba N. L. Colley]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56191866|Yaya Gassama]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56191888|Bakary Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56192029|Kebba Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56192034|Kajali Fofana]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56192624|Sainey Touray]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56205565|Alhagie S. Darboe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56205582|Lamin J. Sanneh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56216499|Kebba K. Barrow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56219634|Fatoumatta Jahumpa-Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229131|Saikouba Jarju]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229135|Abdoulie Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229136|Lamin F. M. Conta]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229139|Momodou Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229145|Baba Galleh Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56233158|Kaddy Camara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56233171|Musa Amul Nyassi]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56233490|Sunkary Badjie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56233493|Sankung Jammeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56235696|Fatou K. Jawara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56235698|Saikou Marong]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56235701|Bakary Njie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56241368|Assan Touray]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56241370|Ousman Sillah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56241371|Muhammed Ndow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56241378|Alhagie Drammeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56243156|Kasum Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56243284|Habiboulie K. Jawo]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56261022|Ahmad Malick Njie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56261024|Foday A. Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56271401|Lamin Jadama]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56285011|Dawda J. K. Bah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56285499|Sheriff Abba Sanyang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56285615|Buba A. Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56289458|Kumba Jaiteh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56314165|Musa Gallel J. Njadoe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56314167|Karafa Badjie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56333358|Saidou V. Sabally]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56333767|Omar Tobb]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56406040|Saikou Suso]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56410847|Netty Baldeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56419038|Ousman Njie]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56419039|Demba B. T. Sambou]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56421695|Habsana Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56441144|Sainey Mbye]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56447780|Pa Malick Ceesay]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56450660|Ousman Bah]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56452334|Lamin Kebba Jammeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56460301|Samba Cham]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56461656|Abdoulie Suku Singhateh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56476260|Amadou O. Khan]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56476264|Cherno Omar Jallow]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56476268|Sheriff Misba Hydara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56479388|Bafaye Saidykhan]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56479395|Lamin Hydara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56479398|Njai Darboe]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56479399|Bora B. Mass]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56488713|Baboucarr S. Fadera]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56488714|Yahya Dibba]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56490357|Borrie L. S. B. Kolley]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56490361|Matarr Kujabi]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56490362|Ebrima Jammeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56490363|Alhassana Bojang]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60553418|Kunda Kamara]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60554004|Cecilia Cole]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60554755|Tina Faal]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60554798|Fatou Mbye]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63807981|Oley Sey]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65184784|Ansumana Sanneh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65384041|Musa Baldeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65555743|Babou Gaye Sonko]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108177382|Churchill Falai Baldeh]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108177431|Saidou I. Dem]]''
| 
| [[Gámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>8c1fgdp513uz4dk2o89b4np4im7fr9m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Kenya</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66707</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622140</id>
      <parentid>621955</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T14:02:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86155" sha1="7rsndf72zxp5pjtg2i4s023h1pl8ffn" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q17510786 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q17510786/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q17510786/P580:Start date,P39/Q17510786/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Wangari Maathai]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2538511|Kenya Colony]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Wangari Matthai 2001 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mwai Kibaki]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1974&lt;br/&gt;1963
| 2013-01&lt;br/&gt;2013-03-28
| [[Fáìlì:Mwai Kibaki (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Raila Odinga]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992-12-29
| 2013-01-17
| [[Fáìlì:Raila Amolo Odinga 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58188|Moses Wetangula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moses Wetangula (Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula) of the Republic of Kenya in 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121708|Moses Mudavadi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q195725|William Ruto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:William Ruto 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Uhuru Kenyatta]]
| olóṣèlú, Kẹ́nyà
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003-01
| 2013-01
| [[Fáìlì:PMO IMG 5262 (40547346173) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q346046|Elijah Lagat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q447119|Wesley Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-03-28
| 2017-07-16
| [[Fáìlì:Wesley Korir 2012 Boston Marathon.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q457713|Newton Kulundu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q469641|Grace Emily Akinyi Ogot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q539821|Charity Ngilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Charity Kaluki Ngilu at Opening Session.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q593552|Michael Kijana Wamalwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2003
| [[Fáìlì:Wamalwapotr.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q645228|Jaramogi Oginga Odinga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q710549|Arthur Magugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q733817|George Saitoti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Saitoti (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q743818|David Kimutai Too]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q860562|Bildad Kaggia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bildad Kagia. Nairobi. 1949.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1030776|Mohamed Yusuf Haji]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003
| 2013-03
| [[Fáìlì:Yusufhaji.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1175814|David Musila]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1372633|Gitobu Imanyara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1999
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1395018|Kalonzo Musyoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1985
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Kalonzo Musyoka1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1507950|George Muhoho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1708590|Joshua Orwa Ojode]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1954003|Musalia Mudavadi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Musalia Mudavadi, Prime Cabinet Secretary and Cabinet Secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs of Kenya, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C. on February 1, 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2013243|Oburu Odinga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2189073|Raphael Tuju]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2287087|Simeon Nyachae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2607345|Kenneth Marende]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Speaker, Lok Sabha, Smt. Meira Kumar meets the Speaker of the Parliament of Kenya, Mr. Kenneth Marende, EGH, during the 56th Conference of Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, in Nairobi, Kenya, on September 14, 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2662202|Mugabe Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2823023|Achieng Oneko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jomo Kenyatta Apa Pant and Acheing Oneko.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2843930|Amos Kimunya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Amos Kimonya, IMF 2006.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3113007|Grace Onyango]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Grace Onyango Kenyan MP.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Martha Karua]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Martha Karua.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3706976|Dick Wathika]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 2010-04-30
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3898130|Paul Ngei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Moody Awori]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moody Awori.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4540107|Charles Njonjo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1980
| 1983
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4591769|Koigi wa Wamwere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4663137|Ababu Namwamba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Ababu Namwamba taking oath of office as Minister for Sports and Youth Affairs before President Mwai Kibaki at Harambee House, Nairobi 2013-08-23 17-37.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664957|Yusuf Hassan Abdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Yusuf Hassan Abdi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664971|Abdikadir Hussein Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664992|Abdirahman Ali Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665260|Abdul-Ali Bahari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4670109|Abu Chiaba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4680594|Adan Keynan Wehliye]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Wehiye, Adan Keynan cropped.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4682154|Aden Bare Duale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kenya Defense Cabinet Secretary Aden Duale at the Kenya Ministry of Defense in Nairobi, Kenya on September 25, 2023 - 230925-D-PM193-2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4682177|Aden Sugow]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4696013|Ahmed Shakeel Shabbir Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4705081|Sam Ongeri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sam Ongeri (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4717538|Alex Muthengi Mwiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723008|Alfred Khang'ati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723231|Alfred Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723395|Alfred Sambu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4725044|Ali Mohamud Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4807410|Asman Kamama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4812751|Atanas Keya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4861331|Barnabas Muturi Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4887267|Benedict Fodo Gunda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4888887|Benjamin Jomo Washiali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4897658|Beth Wambui Mugo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Beth Wambui Mugo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4931560|Boaz Kipchumba Kaino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4942502|Bonny Khalwale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5000973|Burudi Nabwera]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5021394|Calist Andrew Mwatela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5056517|Cecily Mutitu Mbarire]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cecily Mutitu Mbarire.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5076212|Charles Keter]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon’ble Charles Keter shakes Yukiya Amano's hand (05010387) (46039052902) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5079790|Charles Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5080381|Charles Lugano]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5081173|Charles Mutisya Nyamai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5081372|Charles Onyancha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Charles Onyancha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5082206|Charles Rubia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5101863|Chirau Ali Mwakwere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5107549|Chris Murungaru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5107643|Chris Okemo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5112986|Christopher Obure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Christopher Obure.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5131357|Clement Kungu Waibara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5131380|Clement Muchiri Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5200387|Cyprian Ojwang Omollo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5201109|Cyrus Jirongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5211525|Dalmas Otieno]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218210|Daniel Muoki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218224|Daniel Musyoka Mutinda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221098|Danson Mungatana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221099|Danson Mwazo Mwakulegwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5222951|Darius Msagha Mbela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5233422|David Eseli Simiyu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5233438|David Ethuro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ekwee David Ethuro Senate of Poland 2015 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5236093|David Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5237863|David Mwaniki Ngugi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5237864|David Mwiraria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:David Mwiraria, IMF 2004.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5240969|David Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5346713|Edwin Ochieng Yinda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360552|Elias Mbau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360973|Elijah Mwangale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5363291|Elizabeth Ongoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5371996|Emillio Kathuli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5382308|Ephraim Maina]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5385013|Erastus Kihara Mureithi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5401255|Esther Murugi Mathenge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5407838|Eugene Wamalwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Eugine Ludovic Wamalwa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5415878|Evans Akula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5429550|Fahim Yasin Twaha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5434731|Farah Maalim Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Faaraxsave.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5443920|Ferdinand Waititu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5455562|Fitz Remedios Santana de Souza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5480460|Francis Chachu Ganya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5481874|Francis Masakhalia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5482591|Francis Thombe Nyammo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5491306|Franklin Bett]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Franklin Bett.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5491660|Franklin Linturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5495322|Fred Gumo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1994
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5495634|Fred Kapondi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5498498|Frederick Outa Otieno]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5499421|Fredrick Oduya Oprong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5536384|George Anyona]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5541326|George Khaniri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5545223|George Thuo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559628|Gideon Mung'aro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559630|Gideon Ndambuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5561019|Gilbert Kabere M'mbijiwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5576439|Godfrey Gitahi Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5584340|Gor Sunguh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5679565|Hassan Ali Joho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5724462|Henry Kosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6076813|Isaac Mulatya Muoki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6077048|Isaac Ruto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6117200|Jackson Kiptanui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6122859|Charles Njagua Kanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6134603|James Gichuru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6137496|James Kwanya Rege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6138825|James Maina Kamau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140626|James Ondicho Gesami]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140628|James Omingo Magara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140639|James Orengo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:James Orengo in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6147903|Jamleck Irungu Kamau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Jamleck Kamau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6180863|Jeremiah J.M. Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6180925|Jeremiah Ngayu Kioni]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6238091|John Harun Mwau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Harun-mwau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6243378|John Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6248686|John Michuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:John Michuki.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6249843|John Munyes]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6250396|John Ngata Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007-12
| 2010-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6251185|John Olago Aluoch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6252609|John Pesa Dache]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6268381|Johnson Nduya Muthama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Johnstone Muthama.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6283465|Joseph Gachoki Gitari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285854|Joseph Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285933|Joseph Ole Nkaissery]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 2014-12-02
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285990|Joseph Oyugi Magwanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6287763|Joseph Wamukoya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6288275|Josephat Karanja]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6288277|Josephat Koli Nanok]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6289987|Joshua Kutuny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6297432|Joyce Cherono Laboso]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2008-09-25
| 2017-08-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309902|Julius Kipyegon Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309933|Julius Lekakeny Sunkuli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309975|Julius Murgor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6343844|Kabando wa Kabando]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6377793|Katoo Ole Metito]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6405280|Kiema Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6406813|Kilemi Mwiria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414629|Kipkalya Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414697|Kiprono Langat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414699|Kipruto Rono Arap Kirwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1990
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414781|Kiraitu Murungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418829|Kivutha Kibwana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418830|Kivuti Maxwell]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6514327|Lee Kinyanjui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6536911|Lewis Nguyai Nganga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6550225|Linah Kilimo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Linah Jebii Kilimo, Chair of anti-FGM Board, Kenya, speaking at the Girl Summit 2014 (14724900665).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6681363|Lorna Laboso]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6696106|Lucas Chepkitony]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6701602|Luka Kigen]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759579|Margaret Kamar]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759998|Margaret Wanjiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6776584|Martin Shikuku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6780919|Mary Wambui]]''
| 
| 
| 2013-03-28
| 2017-08-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6791519|Matthias Benedict Keah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799567|Mbadi John Ng'ongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799700|Mbiyu Koinange]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6848880|Mike Sonko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2010-09-20
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Sonko in 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891252|Mohamed Hussein Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891260|Mohamed Ibrahim Elmi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891343|Mohamed Maalim Mohamud]]''
| 
| [[Ẹritrẹ́à]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:MohamedMaalimMohamud.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893179|Mohammed Kuti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6915674|Moses Akaranga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6933478|Mukhisa Kituyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mukhisa Kituyi - 2013.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6937046|Munyua Waiyaki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6939960|Musa Sirma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6943746|Mutava Musyimi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutava Musyimi with Children in Gachoka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6944629|Mwalimu Masudi Mwahima]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6944671|Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6961671|Namesyus Warugongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6967675|Nassir Nuh Abdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6983763|Ndiritu Muriithi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6990527|Nelson Gaichuhie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7025073|Nicholas Biwott]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1979
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7025483|Nicholas Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7041983|Nixon Kiprotich Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Langata mp.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042423|Njenga Karume]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Njenga Karume 060808-N-0411D-015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042468|Njoki Susanna Ndung'u]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Njoki Ndungu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042591|Nkoidilla Lankas]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7045471|Noah Wekesa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Noah Wekesa - 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7052649|Norman Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7067636|Ntoitha M'mithiaru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7071124|Nyiva Mwendwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7089757|Omar Mbwana Zonga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7108730|Otieno Kajwang]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Gerald Otieno Kajwang Tartus, 9. mai 2014 - Foto Lilian Lukka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7146063|Patrick Ayiecho Olweny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7146899|Patrick Kariuki Muiruri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152646|Paul Muite]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152844|Paul Otuoma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7168746|Peris Chepchumba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7172546|Peter Anyang' Nyong'o]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kisumu Governor Anyang Nyong'o giving speech.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7173815|Peter Edick Omondi Anyanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175166|Peter Kenneth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Assistant Minister Peter Kenneth.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175181|Peter Kiilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175990|Peter Munya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Peter Munya - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176115|Peter Njoroge Baiya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176116|Peter Njeru Ndwiga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1335242|Embu County]]''
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176118|Peter Njuguna Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176205|Peter Ochieng Odoyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176221|Peter Oloo-Aringo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Peter Oloo-Aringo 1986.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7183298|Philip Leakey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7225856|Pollyins Ochieng Anyango]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7288734|Ramadhan Seif Kajembe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7293983|Raphael Lentimalo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7327862|Richard Momoima Onyonka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7346378|Robert Kiptoo Kipkorir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7348145|Robert Onsare Monda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7353047|Robinson Njeru Githae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Robinson Njeru Githae.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7405193|Sally Kosgei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7409808|Sammy Mwaita]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7411903|Samuel Kambi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7425832|Sasura Hussein Tarry]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7514201|Silas Muriuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7519199|Simon Lesirma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7555005|Soita Shitanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7563913|Sospeter Ojaamong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7599814|Stanley Munga Githunguri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7672799|Taaitta Toweett]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7791963|Thomas Ludindi Mwadeghu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7809140|Tiras Nyingi Ngahu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2012-09
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7926175|Victor Munyaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7959445|Wafula Wabuge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7972008|Washington Jakoyo Midiwo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8000077|Wilber Otichilo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Portrait Image of Dr. Wilber Khasilwa Ottichilo - 2nd and Current Governor of Vihiga County.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8001838|Wilfred Machage]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8001849|Wilfred Moriasi Ombui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8013849|William Kabogo Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2010&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 2013&lt;br/&gt;2007
| [[Fáìlì:William Kabogo Gitau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8014046|William Kipkorir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2025-02-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8016314|William Odongo Omamo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:W.omamo-potrait208-1187..jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8016331|William Ole Ntimama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8023122|Wilson Litole]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8039607|Wycliffe Oparanya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wycliffe Oparanya UNDP HQ 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8061937|Yusuf Chanzu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8063982|Zachary Onyonka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8065041|Zakayo Cheruiyot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8068252|Zebedeo John Opore]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11249433|Gideon Moi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11854485|Bonaya Godana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12053090|Najib Balala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Najibu Balala - MP for Mvita.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15733971|Ali Rasso Dido]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15993157|Mutula Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutula Kilonzo UNDP 2009.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16007821|Thomas Johnson Kuto Kalume]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Rt.Rev.Thomas Johnson Kalume.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16013714|James Nyamweya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16014097|Moses Kiprono arap Keino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16150817|Martin Nyaga Wambora]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Martin Wambora.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16152027|Wakoli Bifwoli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16187229|Justin Muturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1999
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Justin Muturi (MUS1515) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16192784|Mutahi Kagwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Mutahi Kagwe (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16194232|Humphrey Kimani Njuguna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16194826|Irshadali Sumra]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16213140|Godhana Dhadho Gaddae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16214164|Sabina Wanjiru Chege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sabina Chege at John De'Mathew Memorial.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16226678|Benson Mbai Itwiku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16499778|Joseph Lekuton]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730244|Amason Kingi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730543|Philip Kaloki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730551|Joseph Kamotho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730588|Japhet Kareke Mbiuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730905|Joseph Nganga Kiuna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16731419|Moses Lessonet]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732461|Julius Kibiwott Melly]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732730|Hussein Maalim Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733078|John Michael Njenga Mututho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733083|Mwandawiro Mghanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733644|Martin Otieno Ogindo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733692|Moses ole Sakuda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16734594|Samuel Poghisio]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samuel Losuron Poghisio.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16842239|Sonia Birdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16843221|Nderitu Gachagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16864850|Abdul Rahim Dawood]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16866303|Kinoti Gatobu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16866321|Kembi Gitura]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16885582|Naomi Shaban]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16886147|Peris Tobiko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17198176|Shukran Hussein Gure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Shukrangure.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17386192|Grace Kiptui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17411041|Fatuma Ibrahim Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17464750|Kipng'eno Arap Ng'eny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17509770|Adhu Awiti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18098773|Robert Pukose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18207112|Samuel Chumel Moroto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2001&lt;br/&gt;2017-08-31
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18217506|Grace Jelagat Kipchoim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2018-04-20
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18388019|Khatib Mwashetani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18417138|Nancy Ascencio]]''
| 
| [[Fenesuela]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18612608|Fred Mbiti Gideon Mati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18629013|Marsden Madoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19008951|George Muchai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19386807|Philip Godana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19604826|Robert Mbui]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19604843|Jackson Kasanga Mulwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19662588|Filemon F. Indire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Indire visiting a park in Illinois, USA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20744564|Isaac Mwaura]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:SEN. DR ISAAC MWAURA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982198|George Nyamweya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062735|Gideon Mwiti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22003006|Mohamed Abdi Affey]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:2015 08 Hiran Shebelle Formation-9 (20400044455).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22278744|Moses Kuria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moses Kuria - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22279006|Richard Makenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23808689|George Ndung’u Mwicigi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23887512|Timothy Wanyonyi Wetangula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:HON. TIM WANYONYI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24006889|Esther Passaris]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Esther Passaris.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24892770|Ngala Mwendwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25113132|Daniel Karaba]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Dickson Daniel Karaba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26923586|Alice Wahome]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alice Wahome - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28113009|Irungu Kang'ata]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:IKangata.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28967580|Sakaja Johnson]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sakaja in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29533497|Thomas Okelo-Odongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1963
| 1969
| [[Fáìlì:Tom Okelo Odongo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29572473|Simon Mbugua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30323725|Wavinya Ndeti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wavinya2.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Naisula Lesuuda]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Naisula lesuuda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38459259|Kipsengeret Koros]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38668434|Janet Ong'era]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Janet ongera picture.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43927930|Muthomi Njuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Muthomi nJUKI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46190459|Francis Nyenze]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46358834|Nimrod Mbai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nimrod Mbai Portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47483883|Elsie Busihile Muhanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47486849|Gertrude Mbeyu Mwanyanje]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489018|David Losiakou Pkosing]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489037|Michael Mwangi Muchira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489052|Gladys Wanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wanga in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489064|Kulow Maalim Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489991|Gladwell Jesire Cheruiyot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490021|Joyce Chepkoech Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490030|Catherine Nanjala Wambilianga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490033|Jane Jepkorir Kiptoo Chebaibai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490034|Jane Wanjuki Njiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490037|Anab Mohamed Gure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490038|Rehema Dida Jaldesa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490039|Janet Marania Teyiaa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490043|Florence Bore]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490045|Gathoni Wamuchomba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490046|Purity Wangui Ngirici]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490048|Rozaah Akinyi Buyu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490049|Irene Muthoni Kasalu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490050|Zuleikha Ju Ma Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490051|Catherine Wanjiku Waruguru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490052|Ruweida Mohamed Obo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490053|Joyce Kamene]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490054|Rose Museo Mumo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490056|Amina Gedow Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490057|Safia Sheikh Adan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490058|Kawira Mwangaza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490059|Pamela Awuor Ochieng]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490061|Chelule Chepkorir Liza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490062|Tecla Chebet Tum]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490064|Roselinda Soipan Tuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Soipan latest photo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490065|Jerusha Mongina Momanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490066|Faith Wairimu Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Faith Gitau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490068|Rahab Mukami Wachira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490069|Maison Leshoomo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490071|Christine Ombaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490072|Lydia Haika Mnene Mizighi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lydia Haika.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490073|Rehema Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490074|Beatrice Nkatha Nyaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490075|Janet Nangabo Wanyama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490076|Joyce Akai Emanikor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490078|Gladys Jepkosgei-Boss Shollei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490079|Beatrice Kahai Adagala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490080|Lilian Cheptoo Tomitom]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493894|Gideon Sitelu Konchela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493900|Athanas Misiko Wafula Wamunyinyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Deputy Special Representative of the Chairperson of the African Union Commission for Somalia Wafula Wamunyinyi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493905|David Gikaria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493910|Isaac Waihenya Ndirangu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493913|Korei Ole Lemein]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493920|James Wambura Nyikal]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493923|Omar Mwinyi Shimbwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493925|Charles Gumini Gimose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493930|Samuel Arama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493933|Richard Moitalei Ole Kenta]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493935|David Njuguna Kiaraho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493938|Swarup Ranjan Mishra]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Swarup-ranjan-mishra.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493940|Alfred Agoi Masadia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493944|James Lusweti Mukwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493946|Kassim Sawa Tandaza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493951|James Mwangi Gakuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493953|Ali Wario]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493956|Christopher Omulele]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493958|Mathenge James Kanini Kega]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493961|Ben George Orori Momanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493962|Johana Ngeno Kipyegon]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493964|Bady Twalib Bady]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493967|Suleiman Dori]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2020-03-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493970|George Theuri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493974|Paul Simba Arati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493977|William Kamuren Chirchir Chepkut]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493981|Sylvanus Maritim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493985|Cornelly Serem]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493987|Samuel Onunga Atandi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samuel Atandi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493990|John Walter Owino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Walter Owino (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493992|Onesmas Kimani Ngunjiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493997|Abdi Omar Shurie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494001|Joshua Chepyegon Kandie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494007|Nelson Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494008|Innocent Momanyi Obiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494010|Zadoc Abel Ogutu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494192|Miruka Ondieki Alfah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494197|Ronald Kiprotich Tonui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494199|Beatrice Pauline Cherono Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494200|John Oroo Oyioka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494201|Gideon Ochanda Ogolla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494205|Raphael Bitta Sauti Wanjala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494208|Moses Wekesa Mwambu Mabonga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494212|Japheth Kiplangat Mutai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494217|Nicholas Scott Tindi Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494219|Joseph H Maero Oyula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494223|Mugambi Murwithania Rindikiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494224|Moses Nguchine Kirima]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494225|Gideon Kimutai Koske]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494228|Wilson Kipngetich Kogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494231|Patrick Munene Ntwiga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494238|Mohamed Dahir Duale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494245|John Kiarie Waweru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:John Kiarie Waweru.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494250|Benjamin Gathiru Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494255|Owino Paul Ongili Babu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494260|Julius Musili Mawathe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494265|Alexander Kimutai Kigen Kosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494270|Jeremiah Omboko Milemba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494273|Abdikhaim Osman Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494280|Wilberforce Ojiambo Oundo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494291|Said Buya Hiribae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494292|Teddy Ngumbao Mwambire]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494295|Ali Wario Guyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494298|Joseph Nduati Ngugi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494304|Annie Wanjiku Kibeh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494306|Elisha Ochieng Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494307|Robert Gichimu Githinji]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494309|Martha Wangari Wanjira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494311|Gabriel Kago Mukuha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494313|George Peter Opondo Kaluma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494314|Cyprian Kubai Iringo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494318|Richard Maore Maoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494319|John Paul Mwirigi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494321|Sophia Abdi Noor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494323|Benard Masaka Shinali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494329|Hassan Oda Hulufo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494330|Abdi Koropu Tepo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494331|Francis Munyua Waititu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494335|James Githua Kamau Wamacukuru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494338|Eve Akinyi Obara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494339|Mark Lomunokol]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494341|Joshua Kivinda Kimilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494347|Elijah Memusi Kanchory]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494350|Joseph Wathigo Manje]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494354|Metito Judah Katoo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494355|George Risa Sunkuyia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494361|Paul Kahindi Katana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494365|Clement Muturi Kigano]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494373|Fabian Kyule Muli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494377|Oscar Kipchumba Sudi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494383|Andrew Adipo Okuome]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494386|Mercy Wanjiku Gakuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494389|Charles Ong'ondo Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494393|James Kipkosgei Murgor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494399|Daniel Kipkogei Rono]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494400|Christopher Aseka Wangaya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494404|Paul Koinange]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2021-03-31
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494407|Jude L Kangethe Njomo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494410|Kenneth Odhiambo Okoth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2019-07-26
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494415|Jessica Nduku Kiko Mbalu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494421|Patrick Mweu Musimba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494424|Ruth W Mwaniki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494428|Samson Ndindi Nyoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:NDINDI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494431|Anthony Kimani Ichung`wah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494435|Owen Yaa Baya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494438|Richard Ken Chonga Kiti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494444|Thaddeus Kithua Nzambia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494446|Didmus Wekesa Barasa Mutua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494460|Chrisantus Wamalwa Wakhungu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494464|Benjamin Dalu Stephen Tayari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494467|Zachary Kwenya Thuku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494470|Kirui Joseph Limo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494471|Hilary Kiplang'at Kosgei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494473|John Munene Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494478|Ali Menza Mbogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494480|Fred Odhiambo Ouda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494484|Benson Makali Mulu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494493|David Mwalika Mboni]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494506|Rachael Kaki Nyamai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494517|Jimmy Nuru Ondieki Angwenyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494518|Shadrack John Mose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494549|Yegon Brighton Leonard]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494557|Moses Kipkemboi Cheboi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494560|Tonui Joseph Kipkosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494590|Marwa Kemero Maisori Kitayama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494619|Mathias Nyamabe Robi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494623|Ferdinard Kevin Wanyonyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494628|Abdi Mude Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494633|Mohamed Hire Garane]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494637|Amin Deddy Mohamed Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494639|Sarah Paulata Korere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494641|Patrick Kariuki Mariru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence Patrick Mariru.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494642|Marselino Malimo Arbelle]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494644|Sharif Athman Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494646|Stanley Muiruri Muthama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494658|Jonah Mburu Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494664|Mishi Juma Khamisi Mboko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494669|Enoch Wamalwa Kibunguchy]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494675|Peter Mungai Mwathi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494679|Jeremiah Ekamais Lomorukai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494687|Ayub Savula Angatia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494692|Titus Khamala Mukhwana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494697|Michael Thoyah Kingi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494704|George Aladwa Omwera]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494709|Daniel Kitonga Maanzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494713|Moses Malulu Injendi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494720|Aisha Jumwa Karisa Katana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494723|Omar Mohamed Maalim Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494725|Bashir Sheikh Abdullah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494727|Adan Haji Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494732|Adan Haji Yussuf]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494735|John Muchiri Nyaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494738|Mary Wamaua Waithira Njoroge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494744|David Kangogo Bowen]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494748|William Kipkemoi Kisang]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494753|Joshua Mbithi Mwalyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494758|Geoffrey Makokha Odanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494761|Anthony Tom Oluoch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494763|Peter Kimari Kihara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494765|Rigathi Gachagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rigathi Gachagua - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494768|Justus Murunga Makokha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494770|Stephen Mutinda Mule]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494776|Patrick Makau King'ola]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494778|Charles Muriuki Njagagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494781|Geoffrey Kingagi Muturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494784|Erastus Kivasu Nzioka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494789|Daniel Kamuren Tuitoek]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494792|Silas Kipkoech Tiren]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494794|Francis Kuria Kimani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494799|Vincent Kipkurui Tuwei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494803|Qalicha Gufu Wario]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494804|Fred Kapondi Chesebe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494809|James Onyango K'Oyoo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494813|Anthony Githiaka Kiai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494819|Johnson Manya Naicca]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494822|Abdullswamad Sheriff Nassir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494824|Vincent Musyoka Musau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494827|Andrew Mwadime]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494828|Josphat Kabinga Wachira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494833|Gideon Mutemi Mulyungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494839|Paul Musyimi Nzengu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494840|Charles Ngusya Nguna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494842|Jayne Njeri Wanjiru Kihara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494847|Sakwa John Bunyasi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494850|Alfred Kiptoo Keter]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494853|Lemanken Aramat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494858|Gabriel Koshal Tongoyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494859|Emmanuel Wangwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494862|Martin Peters Owino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494863|George Macharia Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494866|Charity Kathambi Chepkwony]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494868|Joash Nyamache Nyamoko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494872|Joshua Aduma Owuor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494876|Jared Odoyo Okelo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494882|Richard Nyagaka Tongi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013-12-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494886|Ezekiel Machogu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494889|Tom Mboya Odege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494899|Martin Deric Ngunjiri Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494909|James Gichuki Mugambi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494929|William Kamoti Mwamkale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494932|Lilian Achieng Gogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494933|Paul Otiende Amollo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494946|Kipruto Moi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494955|Paul Odalo Mak' Ojuando Abuor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494960|Tom Joseph Francis Kajwang']]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494963|Simon Nganga Kingara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494968|Eric Muchangi Njiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494971|Caleb Amisi Luyai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494981|Lentoi Joni L Jackson Lekumontare]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494993|Alois Musa Lentoimaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494999|Justus Gesito Mugali M'mbaya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495001|Peter Lochakapong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495024|John Waluke Koyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495034|Dominic Kipkoech Koskei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495046|Kathuri Murungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495055|Silvanus Osoro Onyiego]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495070|Caleb Kipkemei Kositany]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495077|Millie Grace Akoth Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Millie Odhiambo in National Assembly.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495079|Samuel Kinuthia Gachobe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495084|Junet Sheikh Nuh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495101|Peter Francis Masara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495114|Ahmed Bashane Gaal]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495116|Edward Oku Kaunya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495117|Geoffrey Omuse]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495122|James Gichuhi Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495127|George Gitonga Murugara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495130|Patrick Kimani Wainaina Jungle]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495132|William Kamket Kassait]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495134|Josphat Gichunge Mwirabua Kabeabea]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495137|John Kanyuithia Mutunga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495143|Janet Jepkemboi Sitienei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495147|John Lodepe Nakara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495152|Lokiru Ali Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495156|Christopher Doye Nakuleu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495159|Ekomwa Lomenen James]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495163|Daniel Epuyo Nanok]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495165|Christopher Odhiambo Karani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2019
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495169|James Opiyo Wandayi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495175|Mark Ogolla Nyamita]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495177|Ernest Ogesi Kivai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495180|Jones Mwagogo Mlolwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495181|Rashid Kassim Amin]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495185|Ahmed Abdisalan Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495187|Mohamud Sheikh Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495188|Ahmed Kolosh Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2019
| 2019
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495190|Daniel Wanyama Sitati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495194|Vincent Kemosi Mogaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495195|Danson Mwashako Mwakuwona]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47514875|Paul Githiomi Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1995
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47516278|Mary Yiane Seneta]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48472383|Ukur Yatani Kanacho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2006
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Ukur Yatani.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48773183|Marere wa Mwachai]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51029838|Edith Vethi Nyenze]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56072166|Fatuma Gedi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60048335|Francis Kagwima]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Francis Kagwima.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332243|Florence Mwikali Mutua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332262|Asha Hussein Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332280|Japhet Miriti Kareke Mbiuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65850416|Matthew Adams Karauri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85837193|Benard Otieno Okoth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86424308|Joseph Manje]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Manje.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q88808420|Ochilo Ayacko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Ochilo Ayacko potrait for governor.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95692691|Francis Polisi Loile Lotodo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95697298|James Murgor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96362528|Alfred Kiprato Kerich]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98118573|Dennitah Ghati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101071329|Benjamin Langat]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Benjamin Langat.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103732378|Elijah K. Sumbeiywo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105642336|Wanjiku Muhia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon.wanjiku muhia.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106356656|Reggie Alexander]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1963
| 1967
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107222476|Rachel Shebesh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107407467|Shaaban Ali Issack]]''
| 
| 
| 1994
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109070160|Wilson Sossion]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109570540|Mohammad Ali Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111177826|John Ndirangu Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 2013-03-10
| 2017-07-16
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179918|David Ochieng Ouma]]''
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179984|Halima Yussuf Mucheke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179987|Jennifer Shamalla]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179989|Maina Kamanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179990|Nasri Sahal Ibrahim]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179991|Jacquiline Adhiambo Oduol]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179993|Sammy Kipkorir Seroney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180002|Charles Kamuren]]''
| 
| 
| 2018-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180007|David Ole Sankok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180017|Gideon Keter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Image 2020-07-01 at 6.38.37 PM.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180034|Godfrey Osotsi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188192|Zipporah Jesang Kurgat Kering]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188206|Abass Sheikh Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188207|Abdi Noor Mohammed Ali]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188208|Abdikadir Omar Aden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188209|Abdikadir Ore Ahmed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188210|Abdulaziz Ali Farah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188211|Abdullahi Jaldesa Banticha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188212|Adan Mohamed Nooru]]''
| 
| 
| 1998
| 1002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188213|Alice Nyanchoka Chae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188214|Alice Wambui Ng'ang'a]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188215|Amina Abdalla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188216|Andrew Toboso Anyanga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188217|Annah Nyokabi Gathecha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188218|Anthony Mutahi Kimaru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188219|Arthur Papa Odera]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188220|Augostinho Neto Oyugi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188221|Benard Kipkirui Bett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188222|Benjamin Andola Andayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188224|Benson Mutura Kangara]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188225|Bernard Munywoki Kitungi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188226|Bishop Robert Mutemi Mutua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188227|Bonface Okhiya Otsiula]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188228|Cecilia Chelangat Ngetich]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188229|Charles Mongare Geni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188230|Daniel Kazungu Muzee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188231|David Karithi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188232|David Wafula Wekesa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188233|Dennis Kariuki Waweru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188234|Diriye Abdullahi Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188235|Dorcas Luvalitsa Kedogo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188236|Chris Munga Nyamaratandi Bichage]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188237|Hellen Sambili]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188238|Reginalda Nakhumicha Wanyonyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188239|Simon Ogari]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188240|Susan Mbinya Musyoka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188241|Edwin Kipruto Barchilei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188242|Ejidius Njogu Barua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188243|Elias Bare Shill]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188244|Elijah Mosomi Moindi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188245|Elisha Kipkorir Busienei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188246|John Kiragu Chege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188247|Stephen Muriuki Ngare]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188248|Eric Arap Keter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188249|Esther Nyambura Gathogo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188250|Eusilah Jepkosgei Ngeny]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188251|Florence Kajuju]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188252|Francis Kigo Njenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188253|Francis Mwangangi Kilonzo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188254|Francis Waweru Nderitu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188255|G.J. Munuve Mati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188256|George Mike Wanjohi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188257|George Oner Ogalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188258|George Washinton Mallan Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188259|Gideon Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188260|Halima Ware Duri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188261|Harrison Garama Kombe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188262|Hassan Abdi Dukicha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188263|Hassan Aden Osman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188264|Hassan Mohamed Mwanyoha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188265|Hellen Chelangat Chepkwony]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188266|Hezron Awiti Bollo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188267|Willy Mtengo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188268|Ibrahim Abdi Saney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188269|Ibrahim Ahmed Abass]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188270|Ibrahim Ahmed Sane]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188271|Jackson Kipkorir Rop]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188272|Jacob Waweru Macharia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188273|James Kimaru Bett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188274|James Ndungu Gethenji]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188275|Jane Agnes Wanjira Machira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188276|Jared Odhiambo Opiyo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188277|Joash Odhiambo Olum]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188278|Joe Musyimi Mutambu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188279|Joel Onyancha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188280|John Bomet Serut]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188281|John Karanja Kihagi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188282|John Muriithi Waiganjo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188283|John Njoroge Chege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188284|John Ogutu Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188285|John Owuor Onyango Kobado]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188287|Jonathan Lelelit Lati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188288|Joseph M'eruaki M'uthari]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188289|Joseph Mburu Kahangara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188290|Joseph Ngugi Nyumu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188291|Joseph Obiero Ndiege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188292|Joseph Samal Lomwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188293|Joyce Wanjalah Lay]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188294|Julius Ndegwa Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188295|Justice Kipsang Kemei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188296|Ken Obura Mirenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188297|Lawrence Mpuru Aburi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188298|Leonard Kipkosgei Sang]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188299|Lisamula Silverse Anami]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188300|Mahbub Fathia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188301|Manson Nyamweya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188302|Marcus Mutua Muluvi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188303|Mary Emaase Otuch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188304|Mary Njoki G Mbugua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188305|Mary Sally Keraa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188307|Mathew Lekidime Lempurkel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188308|Maweu Kyengo Katatha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188309|Michael Aringo Onyura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188310|Michael Manthi Kisoi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188311|Mohamed Abdi Haji Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188312|Mohamed Adan Huka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188313|Mohamed Muktar Shidiye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188315|Mwinga Gunga Chea]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188316|Nasra Ibrahim Ibren]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188317|Nicholas Ngikor Nixon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188318|Patrick Keturet Ole Ntutu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188319|Patrick Wangamati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188320|Paul Kipchirchir Bii]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188321|Peter Kamande Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188322|Peter Safari Shehe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188323|Peter Weru Kinyua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188324|Philip Lotiolo Ruto Rotino]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188325|Priscilla Nyokabi Kanyua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Priscillah Nyokabi light.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188326|Protus Ewesit Akujah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188327|Rachel Ameso Amolo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188328|Raphael Milikau Otaalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188329|Rashid Juma Bedzimba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188330|Regina Nthambi Muia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188331|Regina Nyeris Changorok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188332|Roba Duba Bonaya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188333|Rose Nyamunga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188334|Rose Rwamba Mitaru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188335|Salim Idd Mustafa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188336|Sammy Cheruiyot Koech]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188337|Samuel Gonzi Rai]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188338|Samuel Kamunye Gichigi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188339|Samuel Kiprono Chepkonga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188340|Samuel Mathenge Ndiritu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188342|Shadrack Roger Mwita Manga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188343|Shakila Abdalla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188344|Silvance Osele Onyango]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188345|Stephen Kengere Manoti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188346|Stephen Kinyanjui Mburu Kk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188347|Stephen Kirwa Bitok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188348|Stephen Wachira Karani]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188349|Steven Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 2013-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188350|Suleiman Murunga Kasuti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188351|Susan Kipketer Chebet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188352|Timothy Moseti Bosire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188353|Tirus Nyingi Ngahu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188354|Tiyah Galgalo Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188355|Winnie Karimi Njuguna]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188356|Zainab Kalekye Chidzuga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188703|Muriuki Karue]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189201|Adolf Muchiri]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189204|William Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189739|David Njuguna Kiburi Mwaura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189740|Francis Bayah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189741|Walter Enock Nyambati Osebe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190235|Paul Mugeke]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190240|Reuben Ndolo]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190306|Mwangi K.Waithaka]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190328|Thirikwa Kamau]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190337|Geoffrey Gachara Muchiri]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190367|Eliud Matu Wamae]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190376|David Muhika Mutahi]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190382|Wanyiri Kihoro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190383|Peter Gichohi Mureithi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190387|Paul Gikonyo Muya]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190389|John Matere Keriri]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190391|Alfred Mwangi Nderitu]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190393|Joshua Ngugi Toro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190398|Onesmus Kihara Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190415|Ignatius Ngenye Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190417|F. Njakwe Maina]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190422|David Wakairu Murathe]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190423|Moses Mwihia]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190425|Stephen Rugendo Ndicho]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190428|Njehu Gatabaki]]''
| 
| 
| 1994
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190431|John Njuguna Wanjiku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2021
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190437|George Nyanja]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190438|Simon Kanyingi Kuria]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190441|Philip Gitonga]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190442|James Viscount Kimathi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190450|Jembe Mwakalu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190451|Joe Matano Khamisi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190455|Noah Katana Ngala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190457|Joseph Kahindi Kingi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190458|Morris Mwachondo Dzoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190459|Simeon M. Mkalla]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190464|Suleiman Mwarunga Kamolleh]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190467|Abdalla Jumaa Ngozi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190468|Mohamed Salim Hashim]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190475|David Noti Kombe]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190478|Abubakar Mohamed Badawy]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190481|Lucas B. Mweni Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190490|Emmanuel Karisa Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2005
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190491|Ananiah Mwasambu Mwaboza]]''
| 
| 
| 2005
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190494|Rashid Suleiman Shakombo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190513|Suleiman Masoud]]''
| 
| 
| 2013
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190515|Shariff Nassir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190525|Basil Criticos]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190527|Jackson Mwalulu]]''
| 
| 
| 2001
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190538|Basil Nguku Mwakiringo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190540|Boniface Mganga]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190556|J. D. Mghanga Mwandawiro]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190564|Mohamed Abdi Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190643|Tola Mugava Kofa]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190655|Molu Galgalo Shambaro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190658|Augustine Njeru Kathangu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190659|Charfano Guyo Mokku]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190665|Abdillahi Haji Wako]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190668|Samuel Kalii Kiminza]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190669|Patrice Mwangu Ivuti]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190674|Jimmy Muthusi Kitonga]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190676|Joseph Kimeu Ngutu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190677|Moffat Muia Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190678|Peter Kyalo Kaindi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190681|Jonesmus Mwanza Kikuyu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190682|Fredrick Mwanzia Daudi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190683|Ronald John Kiluta]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190687|John Mutua Katuku]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190689|Francis P. Wambua]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190690|James Philip Mutiso]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190699|Onesmus Mutinda Mboko]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190700|Richard Kalembe Ndile]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190703|Anthony Wambua Ndilinge]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190705|John Mutinda Mutiso]]''
| 
| 
| 2001
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190712|Peter E. N. Maundu]]''
| 
| 
| 1998
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190720|Fredrick Mulinge Kalulu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190722|Joseph Konzollo Munyao]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190724|Robert Iltaramatwa Kochalle]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190725|Titus Ngoyoni]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190730|Abdi Tari Sasura]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190742|Kirugi Laiboni M’Mukindia]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190747|Jackson Itirithia Kalweo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190748|Raphael Muriungi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190751|Benjamim R. Ndubai]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2000
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190762|Stephen Mukangu]]''
| 
| 
| 2000
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190764|Bernard Njoka Mutani]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190765|Eustace Mbuba M. Nthiga]]''
| 
| 
| 2000
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190766|Petkay Shen M’Nkiria]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190768|Guracha Boru Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190769|Malla Wario Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 2006
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190771|Murango Cicilio Mwenda]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191126|George Odeny Ngure]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191145|Stephen Nyamoibi Manoti]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191151|Zephaniah M. Nyang’wara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191154|Enoch Nyakieya Magara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191157|Shem O. Ochuodho]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191160|Philip Okoth Okundi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191206|Hezron Manduku]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191212|Winston Ochoro Ayoki]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191218|Job Omino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191222|Kennedy Odhiambo Nyagudi]]''
| 
| 
| 2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191231|Shadrack R. M. Manga]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191272|George Owino Achola]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191274|Charles Oyugi Owino]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191276|Tom Onyango]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191280|Tobias Orao Ochola Ogur]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191286|Herman O. Omamba]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191304|Samson Mwancha Nyangau Okioma]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191305|Joseph Kiangoi Ombasa]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191306|Godfrey Okeri Masanya]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191308|Henry Onyancha Obwocha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191313|Paul Orwa Otita]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191314|Eric Opon Nyamunga]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191320|William Otula]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191322|Peter Owidi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191330|Samuel Arthur Weya]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191331|Joe Donde]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191336|Stephen Oluoch Ondiek]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191339|Felix Useru Kanyauchi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191342|Zaddock Madiri Syongoh]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191354|Mohamed Mukhtar Shidiye]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191356|Abdillahi Sheikh Dahir]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191360|Elias Barre Shill]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191362|Mohamed Dahir Werah]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191363|Ahmed Mohamed Khalif]]''
| 
| 
| 1992&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 1997&lt;br/&gt;2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191372|Abdillahi Ibrahim Ali]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2008
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191375|Mohammed Gabow]]''
| 
| 
| 2008
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191384|Mohamed Abdi Mohamud]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191391|Adan Kerrow Billow]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191402|Seyid Mohamed Amin]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191414|Joseph Dalldosso Lotodo]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191418|Andrew C. Kiptoon]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191421|William Kiplumbei Boit]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191426|Anthony Kipkosge Kimeto]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191435|John Kipsang arap Koech]]''
| 
| 
| 2002&lt;br/&gt;1992
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191445|Nicholas Kiptoo Korir Salat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191453|Kipkorir Marisin Sang]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191465|Raphael K. A. Kitur]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191499|Geoffrey Mepukori Parpai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191505|David Lenante Sankori]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191520|Kipng’eno arap Ngeny]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191524|Noah Nondin Too]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191526|Charles D. K. arap Kirui]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191540|William Cheruiyot Morogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191542|Joseph Kipkapto Korir]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191547|F. Chege Mbitiru]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191549|John Kiptoo Marirmoi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191554|David Kiprono Sudi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191558|James Cheruiyot arap Koske]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191568|Dixon Kihika Kimani]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191569|Macharia Mukiri]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191571|Paul Samuel Kihara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191577|Eric Toroitich Morogo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191579|Alicen Chelaite]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191580|Joseph Mukera Kuria]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191584|Simeon Kiptum Choge]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191585|Jimmy Choge]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191586|Joseph T. A. Leting]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191587|Stephen Kipkiyeny Tarus]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191590|John Kipkorir Sambu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191595|Stephen Kanyinke Ntutu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191597|Sammy Prisa Leshore]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191601|Peter Steve Lengees]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191638|Davies Wafula Nakitare]]''
| 
| 
| 2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191644|Francis Ewoton Achuka]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191647|Francis Tarar Lagat]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191648|Joseph Lagat Kipchumba]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191657|Jesse Kibet Maizs]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191658|David Kiptanui Koros]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191660|Christopher M. Lomada]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114347943|Feisal Bader]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2021-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115624315|Bidu Tubi Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137858963|Leo wa Muthende]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>7rsndf72zxp5pjtg2i4s023h1pl8ffn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the House of Representatives of Morocco</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66733</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622162</id>
      <parentid>621962</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:04:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622162</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="43858" sha1="ajcimiopn6d1a0qpdjtrmxc6ij0nkbe" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the House of Representatives of Morocco who was a twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21328583 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21328583/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21328583/P580:Start date,P39/Q21328583/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q206209|Salaheddine Mezouar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Salaheddine Mezouar - 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q239993|Nawal El Moutawakel]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:PortraitNawalElMoutawakelJune2016.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q531452|Abdellah Baha]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q537610|Mohand Laenser]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1993
| 2012
| [[Fáìlì:L3ansar cr.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q555376|Mohamed Ouzzine]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:محمد أوزين.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q939444|Fatima Tabaamrant]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:فاطمة تبعمرانت.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1800588|Lahcen Haddad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:H.E. Lahcen Haddad, Minister of Tourism, Morocco (16538674963).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1806963|Latifa Jbabdi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2033385|Saadeddine Othmani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1997-11-14&lt;br/&gt;2007-09-07
| 2007-09-07&lt;br/&gt;2011-11-25
| [[Fáìlì:Saadeddine Othmani no Brasil.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2820964|Abdelali Abdelmoula]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821014|Abdelfettah Sebbata]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1997
| 2003
| [[Fáìlì:ABDELFATAH SEBBATA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821045|Abdelhamid Aouad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821052|Hamid Chabat]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Hamid-chabat-maire-de-fes.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821217|Abdelwahed Radi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Abdelwahed Radi - 2012 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821238|Abderrahim Qanir]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821271|Abderrazak Afilal el-Alami Idrissi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1977
| 1983
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2827656|Ahmed Chami]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Ahmed Reda Chami - World Economic Forum on the Middle East 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2837662|Allal al-Fassi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Allal Fassi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2866705|Asma Chaabi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3039498|Driss Lachgar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Driss Lachgar (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3039499|Idriss Azami Al Idrissi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067186|Fathallah Oualalou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fathallah Oualaalou en un acto organizado por FAMSI en Córdoba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067221|Fatima Ezzahra El Mansouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2021-07-15&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:الوزيرة فاطمة الزهراء المنصوري.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3079785|Fouad Ali El Himma]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007
| 2011
| [[Fáìlì:فؤاد علي الهمة.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125332|Habib El Malki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:Habib El Malki - 2019 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128131|Hassan Derham]]''
| Olóṣèlú Ọmọ Orílẹ̀-èdè Spain
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1997&lt;br/&gt;2002&lt;br/&gt;2007
| 2002&lt;br/&gt;2007&lt;br/&gt;2012
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195996|Khalid Alioua]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3314458|Miloud Chaabi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2002
| 2014-12
| [[Fáìlì:Miloud Chaabi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318283|Mohamed Abarchane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2018-01-11
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318288|Mohamed Abbou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1997&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011-11-29&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318298|Mohamed Abied]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1977
| 1985
| [[Fáìlì:The 8 coalition (cropped 2).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318374|Mohamed Aujjar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Aujar (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318432|Mohamed Bensaid Ait Idder]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1984
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Bensaid Idder.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318522|Mohamed El Habib El Forkani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3319000|Mohammed Ameur]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Mohammed ameur.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3328975|Mustapha Mansouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2018-04-25
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3344896|Noureddine Lazrek]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3351862|Omar Hejira]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2017-11-09
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:(Omar Hejira) Refugiados, LGTBIfobia, racismo y violencia contra la infancia, ejes de tercera sesión del Foro.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3571915|Yasmina Baddou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Yasmina Baddou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664718|Abdel-Bari Zamzami]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abdelbari Zemzami.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664901|Abderrafi Jouahri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7675927|Taieb Ghafes]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12183734|Abouzaid El Mokrie El Idrissi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Abouzaid El Mokrie El Idrissi, Atawhid wa Islah Temara - Apr 5, 2019.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12251549|Yassine Ahajjam]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Yassine Ahajjam, rôle principal de Mia Derial, film de Fouad Souiba.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16537281|Chafik Rachadi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:Rac chafik.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20666274|Abdelhak Amghar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20851300|Fouad El Omari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2016&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20961736|Omar Balafrej]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Omar Balafrej.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20970905|Abdelaziz El Omari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22928811|Brahim Boutaleb]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1977
| 1983
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22930822|Mohamed Moubdi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Moubdi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25451802|Lahcen Sekkouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27514767|Abdellah Drissi El Bouzidi]]''
| 
| 
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:عبد الله الادريسي البوزيدي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27962429|Fouzia lklma]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2016-10-14
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28600054|Moh Rejdali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28716035|Mohamed Chrourou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2021-07-15&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016-04-26
| [[Fáìlì:محمد اشرورو.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29225162|Nezha El Ouafi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29268861|Fatna Lkhiyel]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29270268|Rkia Derham]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Rkia Derham (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29340412|Moulay Hamdi Ould Errachid]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moulay Hamdi OULD ERRACHID.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30723523|Said Chaou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilé ọba àwọn Nẹ́dálándì|Ilẹ̀ọba àwọn Nẹ́dálándì]]
| 2007
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41671395|Khalid El Boukarai]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50364860|Souad Zaidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50364865|Khadija Rouissi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016-10-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50365154|Zohour El Wahabi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50366932|Touria Skalli]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50375237|Wiam Lamharchi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50378193|Hayat Bouffarrachen]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50406908|Majda Benarbia]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50810077|Aicha Farih]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825311|Fatima-Ezzahra Nazih]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825313|Aicha Lablak]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825318|Touriya Faraj]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825321|Fatiha Saddas]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825347|Mina Talbi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50825920|Manina Mouaden]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887052|Mimouna Aftati]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887057|Loubna El Kohli]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887064|Hanane Rahhab]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Hanane Rahhab.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887070|Hakima Bel-Kassaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887078|Souad Lamari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50887084|Ghizlane Marzouki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50990149|Loubna Tahiri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52827075|Mohamed Laaraj]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Laâraj (cropped2).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55686763|Amina Maelainine]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304102|Saadia Benshili]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304104|Hajar El Masqi]]''
| 
| 
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304115|Souad Boulaich El Hajraoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2016
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304117|Fatima Zahra Barassat]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304128|Amal Boukir]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304130|Rita Hatimi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304141|Aziza Chagaf]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304161|Ibtissam Merras]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304296|Naima Bihich]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56304297|Nazha El Yazidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60647937|Anas Doukkali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2015
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64010583|Fouzia El Bayed]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2011
| 2016
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64515069|Amina Faouzi Zizi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499255|Hassan Oukacha]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499406|Mohammed Mehdi Bensaid]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Fránsì]]
| 2011
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Mehdi Bensaid.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499473|Hassan Arif]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499753|Hassan El Filali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499756|Allal Amraoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499770|Abdellah Bouanou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65499871|Latifa El Hammoud]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q74225284|Mohamed Sadiki]]''
| 
| 
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85202287|Ahmed Zaidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2011&lt;br/&gt;2014
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q92557502|Mostafa Chanaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:مصطفى شناوي.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96756982|Badia Skalli]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1993
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758581|Addi Khezou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758582|Houcine  Ait Oulahiane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758583|Abdelfattah El Aouni]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758584|Ouafae Bekkali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758585|El Mustapha Zahouani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2017-03-15
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758586|Mohamed Boudess]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758589|Ahmed Aderrak]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758591|Saad Ben Zeroual]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758592|Mohammed Touimi Ben Jelloun]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758594|Rachid Tamek]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758597|Tahri M'feddal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758599|Jamal Messaoudi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758601|Mohamed Ghayate]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758602|Khadija Chami]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758603|Abdellatif El Aidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758604|Zakia Mrini]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758605|Znaydi Cherkaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758606|Fouad Darkaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758607|Abdelkader Boudraa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758608|Said Baaziz]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758609|Bouchaib Ammar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758611|Hassan Bouargalne]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758612|Khalid Chennak]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758613|Abdelouahad El Massaoudi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758614|Souad Zekhnini]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758615|Redouane Ghanem]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758618|Malika Khalil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758620|Rachid El Fayek]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758621|Imane Elyakoubi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758623|Abla Bouzekri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758625|Abdessamad Archane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758627|Ammar Oudy]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758630|Abdelhadi Echcharika]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758632|Mohammed Youssef]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758635|Thami El Masqi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758637|Sidi Brahim El Joumani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758639|Abdessamed Haiker]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758641|Rachid Hamouni]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758642|Adil El Bitar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758643|Mouloud Mahria]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758644|Amam Chokrane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758645|Mohamed Marzouk]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758646|Amal Arbouch]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758647|Mohammed Elharti]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758648|Mohammed Karime]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758649|Abdellah  Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758650|Mohamed Ourriche]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758653|Hassan Harris]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758654|Said Zaidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2017-11-09
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758657|Abdelmjid Joubij]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758658|Abdelaziz El Ouadgui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758659|Naima Zidane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758660|Mohamed Aboudrar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758662|Khadija Ridouani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758664|Adil Essoubai]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758666|Mohamed Ihouiyet]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758667|Mourad Lagourch]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758669|Abdelhak Chafik]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758671|Mustapha Tadoumant]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758673|Yassine Radi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758674|Jamila Afif]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758675|Saida Aitbouali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758677|Abdellatif Ouahbi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758678|Abdeslam El Yousofi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758679|Hassan Benomar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758680|Abdelaziz Kouskous]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758682|Abderrahim Laqraa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758683|Jaouad Douahi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758684|Mohamed Belhassan]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758686|Ahmed Chaouki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758687|Said Tadlaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758689|Hicham Saanane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758690|Youssef Rouijel]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758691|Omar Abassi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758692|Khalid El Mansouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758693|Salah Eddine Aboulghali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758694|Brahim Chouikh]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758696|Noureddine El Baidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758697|Mustapha Zitti]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758698|Driss Oukemeni]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758699|Mohammed Boubakr]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2007
| 2016&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758700|Soulimane Houllich]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758701|Mohamed Simou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758702|Seddik Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758703|Asmaa Rhlalou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Asmaa Rhlalou 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758704|Zineb Kayouh]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2018-05-02
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758705|Ahmed Rachidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758706|Hicham Sabiry]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758707|Bouabid Lbida]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758708|Aziza Abba]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758709|El Morabit  Soussi Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758710|Youssef Ait Lhaj Lahcen]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758711|Mariam Almi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758712|Jaouad Naciri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758714|Jaouad Ghrib]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758715|Slimane El Omrani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758716|Abdallah Messaoudi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758717|Abdelmajid Fassi-Fihri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758718|Mohssen Moufidi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758719|Mostafa Brahimi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758720|Mustapha  El Bakkouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758721|Abdellah Hamal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758722|Abdellatif Berroho]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758723|Youssef Hadhoum]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758725|Rafia El Mansouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758726|Maryama Boujemaa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758727|Abdelghani Janaah]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758728|Abdellah El Boukili]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758729|Mohamed Barnichi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758730|Rahhou El Hilaa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758731|Abderrahmane Khayr]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758732|Abdellahi Edd Abadda]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758733|Ghita Badroun]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758734|Ahmed El Ghazoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758735|Soumia Ouallal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758736|Bolon Salek]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758737|Badr Tahiri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758738|Saber Kiaf]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758739|Taoufik Maimouni]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758741|Hassan Baroud]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758743|Youssef Gharbi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758746|Tarik Kadiri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758748|Abdellatif El-Fouikar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758751|Ismail Bekkali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758753|M'hamed El Oillaf]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758756|Noureddine Rafik]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758757|Nabil Sabri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758758|Aziz Benbrahim]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758762|Smail Choukri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758764|Aicha Aithaddou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758766|Jaouad Iraqi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758769|Abdellatif Rachid]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758771|Brahim Daaif]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758773|Lahsen Ait Ichou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758774|Yassine Darhou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758775|Mohamed Karrouk]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758777|Halim Fouad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758781|Said Naciri]]''
| olóṣèlú, Mòrókò
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758784|Abdelhakim Soujda]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758786|Abdelkhalid El Basri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758790|Hachim-Amine Chafik]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758791|Driss Chtibi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758792|Driss Temri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758794|Mustapha El Kaouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758796|Mustapha Moucharik]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758799|Hamza Essoufi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758801|Ichraq El Bouyousfi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758803|Elmostafa El Mkhanter]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758805|Driss Jeddi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758807|Habib Hssini]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758809|Mohamed Amrhar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758811|Mbarek Tarmounia]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758813|Ibtissame Azzaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758815|Laila Ahkim]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758818|Mohamed Larbi Belcaid]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| [[Fáìlì:Mr. Mohammed Larbi Belcadi, Lord Mayor of Marrakech (30801030896).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758820|Mounira Rahoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758822|Mohamed Maait]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758824|Mustapha El Omari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2020-10-27
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758826|Mohammed El Hilali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758827|Mohammed  El Harfaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758829|Belaid Aloullal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758831|Abdelaziz Lachehab]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758833|Mohamed Lahbib Nazoume]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758834|Abdelfattah Ahl El Makki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758835|Errachid Bendriouich]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758836|Abdellah Baillat]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758837|Aomar Khafif]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758838|Abdellatif Benyakoub]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758839|Abdelkader Kandil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758840|Mohamed Bouchnif]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758841|Mohamed El Bakaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758842|Mustapha Reddad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758843|Abdellatif Naciri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-04-05
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758844|Azzouha Elarrak]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758845|Azelarab Halimi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758846|Ali Razama]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758847|Abdelhaq Faik]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758848|Hassan Aadili]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758849|Mohamed El-Hejira]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758850|Redouan Nouinou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758851|Mostapha Toutou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758852|El Kebir Kada]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758853|Abdelkader Labrigui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758854|Mbarka Safa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758856|Mouloud Bargayou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758857|Mohamed Id Aomar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758858|Ahmed Toumi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758859|Mohamed Zemmouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758860|Mohammed Hamdaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758861|Meryem Ou-Hssata]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758862|Ramdane Bouachra]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758972|Brahim Bouakhaden]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758974|Kamal El-Omary]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758976|Noureddine Karbal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758977|Mohamed Jbil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758978|Rachid El Abdi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758979|Abdelouahid Bouharcha]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758980|Mohamed El Hafyani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758981|Imane Benrabia]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758983|Abdelhakim El Ahmadi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758984|Lahoucine Harrich]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758985|Mustapha El-Kourdi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758986|Moulay Abderrahman Blila]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758987|Hayat El Machfou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758988|Moulay Elbachir Toba]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758989|Fatima Saadi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758991|Abdelaziz Abba]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758993|Abdel Latif Madani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2019-08-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758994|Najia Lotfi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758995|Aicha Edbouche]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758996|Salah Elmalouki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758997|M'hamed Abdelhak]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758998|Hamdi Ouaissi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758999|Abdelkrim Choukri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759002|Cherki El-Rhalmi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759005|Said Chbaattou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759009|Abdelghani Makhdad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759012|Badia Elfilali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759014|Mohamed Ezzahraoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759015|Abderrazzak Nait Dbou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759016|Belassal Chaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759017|Moulay Hicham Elm'hajri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759019|Mohamed Joudar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2007&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2021
| 2021-07-15&lt;br/&gt;2011&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Joudar.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759022|Aziz Lebbar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96759024|Mohammed El Amine Daiedda]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96760000|Youssef Houar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2017-08-23
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96760010|Abdelkader Hadouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2017-08-23
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96773824|Abdellatif Merdas]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2017-03-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96813359|Latifa Bennani-Smires]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 1993
| 2012
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96954153|Mohammed Nasser]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96954154|Said Dor]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96954157|Mohamed Lachgar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96954158|Lahoucine Azougagh]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96954161|Abdesslam Majd]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2020-05-22
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104878589|Hamid Noughou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2021-01-07
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105459288|Abderrahim Atmoun]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2019-07-25
| [[Fáìlì:ABDERRAHIM ATMOUN.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108069982|Driss Kachal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2011
| 2017-04-11&lt;br/&gt;2016
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121366922|Mohamed El Hidaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2021
| 2023-12-26
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138638968|Hicham Ait Menna]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2021-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758863|Mohamed Fadili]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758864|Sidihassan El Bahraoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758865|Mohamed El Hafed]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758866|Fatima Taoussi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758867|Mohamed Malal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758868|Nourdin Moudian]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758869|Khadija Ziyani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758870|Mohamed Khayi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758871|Omar Ezzarrad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758872|Mayara Cheikh]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758873|Sidi Mohammed Salem El Joumani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758874|Abdelaziz Layad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758875|Mohammed Ibrahimi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758876|Mohammed Benattia]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758877|Elfatmi Ramid]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758878|Addi Bouarfa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758879|Abderrahman Harfi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758880|Lahoucine Bouzihay]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758881|Mohammed Benjalloul]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758882|Mohamed Lahmouch]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758883|Mohamed Touil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758884|Abdelhak  Mohaddib]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758885|Ismail Lamaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758886|Abd El Ouadoude  Kharbouch]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758887|Mohamed Elhamouti]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758888|Hicham Harrami]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758889|Bouselham Daich]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758890|Najib  El Bakkali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758891|Boutaina Karrouri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758892|Hassan Laenser]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758893|Mustapha El Haya]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758894|Abderrazzak El Ouarzazi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758895|Soraya Ahl Hoummad]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758896|Nour-Den Kchibel]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758897|Abdellah El Alaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758898|Abderrahim Ouaamar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758899|Kamal Laafou]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758900|Asma Ennassifi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758901|Karim Chaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758903|Abdelmjid Ait Laadila]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758905|Mohamed Toufalla]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758906|Abderrahman El Amri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758907|Ahmed Brija]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758908|Ider Anejjar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758909|Mohamed Zouitene]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758910|Fatiha Choubani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758911|Driss Meskine]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758912|Nawfal Naciri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758913|Mustapha  Salama]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2018-05-29
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758914|Hamid El-Archi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758915|Saleh Aourhebal]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758916|Badr Touami]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758917|Samir Abdelmoula]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758918|Younes Bensliman]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758919|Essaid Ameskane]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758920|Farouk Attahiri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758921|Abdellah Ghazi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758922|Reda Bougemazi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758923|Taoufik Kamil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758924|Mohamed El Atmani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758925|Ahmed Jodar]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758926|Jamal Benchekroun Krimi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758927|Mohamed Idmoussa]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758929|Mhamed Zakrani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758930|Ahmed Hikki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758932|Abdelouahed El Ansari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758933|Mohammed Kamal Laraki]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758934|Omar Fassi Fihri]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758935|Belkassem Mir]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2017-11-09
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758936|Elabbes  Mrhari]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2017-05-02
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758937|Fatima Ahl-Takrour]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758938|Abdeljalil Meskine]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758939|Driss Sqalli Adoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758940|Moulay Zoubir Habaddi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758941|Tahar Bimezzagh]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758942|Mustapha Baitas]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Portrait RNI de Mustapha Baïtas.webp|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758944|Said Nmili]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758945|Mohamed Elarbi Ahnin]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758946|Ahmed Sadqi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758947|Khaled Tougougun]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758948|Elhrouchi Nor-Ddin]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758950|Lahcen Ouaara]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758951|Mouna Achrait]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758952|Abdellatif Zaim]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758954|Rachid Bahloul]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758955|Rachid El Kabil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758956|Ibrahim El Mouhi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758958|Hayatte Skihil]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758959|Said Es-Sadek]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758960|Abdellah Hanaoui]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758961|Abdelhak Ennajhi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758962|Said Id-Baali]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14&lt;br/&gt;2021
| 2021-07-15&lt;br/&gt;2024-12-01
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758963|Sidi Hammad Cheiguer]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758965|Omar Hmine]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758966|Ghita Ait Ben Lmadani]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758967|Noufal Chabat]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758968|Mahmoud Mraya]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758969|Mohamed Bouhdoud]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758970|Mohamed El Milahi]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 2021-07-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96758971|Abdellah Oubarka]]''
| 
| [[Morocco|Mòrókò]]
| 2016-10-14
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>ajcimiopn6d1a0qpdjtrmxc6ij0nkbe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Niger</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66743</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622226</id>
      <parentid>621779</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T01:56:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622226</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22709" sha1="ladh2yrc6gxzb5yci2kqfpbc2w8somr" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a member of the National Assembly of Niger who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295995 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295995/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295995/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295995/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679677|Samuila Sanoussi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679679|Sani Sanoussi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679680|Sanoussi Moussa Maraini]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679682|Souley Dioffo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679683|Souley Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679684|Souleymane Arzika]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679685|Soumana Gaoh Yacoubou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679686|Soumana Hassane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679687|Soumana Sanda]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679688|Tanimoune Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679690|Tidère Ahamani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679691|Yacine Ben Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679692|Zakari Garba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679694|Zeinabou Maïga Adama]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133162145|Abdallah Mahamadou Aboussah]]''
| 
| 
| 2021-03
| 2023-07
| 
|-
| [[Mahamadou Issoufou]]
| olóṣèlú, Nìjẹ̀r
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1993
| 2009
| [[Fáìlì:Mahamadou Issoufou-IMG 3645.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Brigi Rafini]]
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2004-12
| 2009-05
| [[Fáìlì:Brigi Rafini - June 2012 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mamadou Tandja]]
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tandja in Nigeria June 2007.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mahamane Ousmane]]
| olóṣèlú, Nìjẹ̀r
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mahamane Ousmane.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q331201|Hamid Algabid]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q356237|Amadou Cheiffou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q420397|Akoli Daouel]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1970
| 1974
| [[Fáìlì:Ejh. Akoli Daouel, en 1983.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q452276|Amadou Gaoh]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q452297|Amadou Hassane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q544141|Hama Amadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hama Amadou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q703987|Seyni Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Seyni Oumarou (cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q895031|Boukary Sabo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1959
| 1969
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1567506|Hadiza Moussa Gros]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1735274|Kassoum Mamane Moctar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2755794|Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1993
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830749|Albadé Abouba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2912103|Boubou Hama]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318398|Mohamed Bazoum]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1993
| 2021
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Bazoum at the European Commission - P060245-844068 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665136|Abdou Daouda]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665143|Abdou Labo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665174|Abdoulaye Hamani Diori]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4739087|Amadou Ali Djibo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221545|Daouda Marthé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5431991|Falké Bacharou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5474228|Foumakoye Gado]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Foumakoye Gado.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5612787|Grémah Boucar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5636746|Habi Mahamadou Salissou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5680106|Hassoumi Massoudou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1999&lt;br/&gt;2021-03-05
| 2004
| [[Fáìlì:Hassoumi Massoudou.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6087974|Issa Lamine]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6353461|Kalla Ankourao]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1993&lt;br/&gt;2004-12&lt;br/&gt;2021-03-05
| 1995&lt;br/&gt;2023
| [[Fáìlì:Kalla Ankourao 2019.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6370490|Karidjo Mahamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mahamadou Karidio 2015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6890945|Mohamed Abdoulahi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mohamed Abdoulahi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6919199|Aïssata Mounkaïla]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6926188|Moussa Moumouni Djermakoye]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7110324|Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Book of Condolence (52366561634) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7110501|Oumarou Sidikou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7418898|Sanoussi Jackou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15431173|Dandi Abarchi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1993
| 1995
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15432114|Boubacar Cissé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15437568|Moutari Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15819843|Ibrahim Yacouba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Yacouba 2014.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16123823|Ousmane Issoufou Oubandawaki]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ousmane Issoufou Oubandawaki 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19259177|Amadou Salifou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Amadou Salifou 2015-07-30.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19956213|Issaka Issoufou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Issaka Issoufou-IMG 4351.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20027758|Noma Kaka]]''
| 
| [[Fránsì]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23060908|Attaher Abdoulmoumine]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23062821|Mahamane Jean Padonou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23062948|Laouan Magagi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26715424|Habib Moctar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26980205|Ali Sirfi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2000
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27825306|Ousseini Tinni]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tinni Ousséini, President of the National Assembly of Niger, Niamey, 2016 02.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40704839|manirou housseini]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41074316|Habibou Allélé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41748339|Yahaya Tounkara]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43380162|Hama Assah]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46996069|Jeannette Schmidt Degener]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57274601|Ibrahim Nomao]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57834669|Adamou Namata]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58806803|N’Gadé Nana Hadiza Noma Kaka]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81112514|Kalla Moutari]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Flintlock 2018 Opening Ceremony (27523512838).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q89716691|Aïchatou Maïnassara]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2016
| 2020
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q92159374|Mohamed Ben Omar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99521146|Souna Hadizatou Diallo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989
| 1991
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99628785|Marie Lebihan]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989
| 1991
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99630863|Roukayatou Abdou Issaka]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989
| 1991
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99630890|Bibata Adamou Dakaou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989
| 1991
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99823830|Oumarou Alma]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 2025-03-07
| [[Fáìlì:Oumarou Alma 2015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106510370|Mounkaïla Issa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106637549|Ibrahim Idi Ango Ousmane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110004769|Sani Maïgochi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sani Maïgochi 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110399010|Rabi Maitournam Moustapha]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110399463|Hadiza Seyni Zarmakoye]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110537732|Abdou Rabiou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110537922|Hadiza Douara Kafougou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117306297|Abaché Chaibou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989-12
| 20th century
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117306374|Abdoulkarim Abani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 1989-12
| 1991
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679516|Ibrahima Souleymane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679520|Hadizatou Kafougou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679526|Amadou Djibo Ali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679530|Mahamadou Karidio]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679537|Abdallah Mahamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679538|Abdou Adamou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679539|Abdou Boubacar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679540|Abdou Hamza]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679541|Abdou Mani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679543|Adam Efangal]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679544|Ahmed Elhadji Gondji]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679545|Ahmet Hameda]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679547|Aichatou Abba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679548|Aichatou Barko Amadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679550|Aissatou Abdoulaye Tondi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679551|Algabi Elhadji Atta]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679552|Alhader Samro]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679553|Alio Namata]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679554|Alkabouss Jalaoui]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679555|Amadou Dioffo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679556|Amadou Goulo Abdou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679557|Amadou Harouna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679558|Amadou Idrissa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679559|Amadou Mahaman Sani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679560|Amadou Massalatchi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679561|Amadou Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679562|Amina Abdou Souna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679563|Amina Elhadji Ousmane Barmo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679564|Amina Saminou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679565|Aminata Garanké]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679566|Aminatou Habibou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679567|Assane Dit Koubou Marou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679568|Assoumana Karoua]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679569|Assoumi Tahirou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679570|Bachir Sidi Abdoul Aziz]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679571|Badi Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679572|Baraka Mamane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679573|Barakatou Laouali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679576|Bibata Seyni Djibo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679577|Boubacar Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679578|Boucary Sani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679579|Dardaou Zanaidou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679580|Djibo Madougou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679582|Doulla Moussa Afmad]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679583|Elhadji Boulou Mamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679585|Fatima Doubou Dogo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679586|Fatouma Abdoulaye Sambo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679587|Fatsima Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679588|Fougou Boukar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679589|Hadidjiatou Haladou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679591|Hadizatou Gado]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679592|Hadizatou Yacouba Bozari]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679593|Halidou Hama]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679594|Hambali Ali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679595|Hamissou Abdoua]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679597|Hamza Boka]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679598|Hamza Garba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679599|Haoua Hassane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679600|Hapsatou Djibrilla]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679601|Hassana Boubacar]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679602|Hassane Ali Abdourahamane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679603|Hassane Saley]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679604|Hassia Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679606|Ibrahim Eka]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679607|Idi Ango Ousmane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679609|Illia Labo]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679610|Illiassou Hamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679611|Ismaël Issoufou Salifou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679612|Issaka Assoumane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679613|Kadi Zakari]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679614|Khalid Hamadi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679615|Khalil Oumbarik]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679617|Laila Attoujani]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679618|Lantana Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679620|Laouali Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679621|Laouré Elhadji Sanoussi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679623|Maazou Hamidou Dadé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679624|Magagi Issaka]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679625|Mahamadou Amadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679626|Mahaman Bachir Abdou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679627|Mahaman Issa Maifada]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679628|Mahaman Kabirou Ibrahim Maidaji]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679629|Mahaman Laoual Bako Galadima]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679630|Mahamane Sani Laouali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679632|Mahmoud Sagdoun]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679633|Malam Moctar Garba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679634|Maman Rabiou Maina]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679635|Mamane Bako]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679636|Mamane Harouna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679637|Mamane Laouali Zabèye Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679638|Mamani Malan Goga]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679639|Maria Saidou Soulé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679640|Mariama Adamou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679641|Mariama Elhadji Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679642|Mariama Iro]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679643|Mariama Mamadou Maïna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679644|Massaoudou Galy]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679646|Moussa Ousmane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679647|Moussa Salé]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679648|Moustapha Assan]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679650|Moutari Ousmane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679652|Nana Aicha Laouali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679653|Nana Djoubie Harouna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679654|Nouhou Arba]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679655|Oumarou Dogari Moumouni]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679657|Oumarou Harouna]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679658|Oumarou Tanja Mamadou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679659|Oumarou Yahaya]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-05-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679660|Ousmane Mahamane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679661|Ousseyna Madougou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679662|Rabi Hassane]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679663|Rabi Kiassa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679664|Rachida Mani Ali]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679665|Rakiatou Ali Beidi]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679666|Ramatou Hima]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679667|Ramnatou Issa Mayaki]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679669|Saadé Oumarou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679670|Sahadatou Saley]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679671|Saïda Mohamed Cheloutan]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679672|Saidou Ama]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679673|Salé Djibrillou]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679674|Salifou Moussa]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679675|Salissou Elh Alio]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131679676|Samaila Maika]]''
| 
| [[Niger (country)|Nìjẹ̀r]]
| 2021-03-05
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>ladh2yrc6gxzb5yci2kqfpbc2w8somr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Senate of Zimbabwe</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66796</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622239</id>
      <parentid>621989</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:39:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622239</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16198" sha1="aqs6vw2igukyefzq3exl7taa5j81net" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the Senate of Zimbabwe who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q21295155 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q21295155/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q21295155/P580:Start date,P39/Q21295155/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283596|Virginia Muchenje]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283597|Watchy Sibanda]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283842|Annah Shiri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283843|Ashel Sithole]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283844|Clemence Nembire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283845|Cleveria Chizema]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283846|Daniel Gwenzi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283847|Daster Chisunga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283848|Enos Masakwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283849|Feleni Chauke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283850|Fortune Charumbira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283851|Joseph Mudhe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283852|Mike Musaka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283853|Milton Ntabeni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283854|Mtshane Khumalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283855|Ndabazekhaya Matema]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283857|Nkathazo Siansole]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283858|Nyamayabo Mashavakure]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283859|Rivai Mbaimbai]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283860|Samson Katsande]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283861|Sindalizwe Dube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283863|Tambudzani Mohadi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283865|Try Manyepa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283866|Vuyani Ndiweni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283867|Wilson Nebiri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283868|Zama Mkhwananzi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291735|Alice Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291737|Angeline Tongogara]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291738|Annias Mapungwana]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291739|Aplonia Munzverengwi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291740|Bybit Tsomondo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291741|Christine Rambanepasi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291742|Clara Shumba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291744|Douglas Mwonzora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Image of Douglas Mwonzora seated in Formal lounge.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291745|Esnath Rwambiwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291746|Gideon Shoko]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291747|Helen Zivira]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291750|Joseph Madziva]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291751|Joshua Teke Malinga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291753|Kerina Gweshe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291754|Langton Chikukwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291755|Larry Mavhima]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291756|Maybe Mbowa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291757|Meliwe Phuthi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291758|Mildred Reason Dube]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291759|Molly Ndlovu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291761|Morgan Komichi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291762|Oliver Chidawu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291764|Phyllis Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Yọ Timire]]
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2018-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291766|Shephered Chengeta Gundu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291767|Sikelela Gumpo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291768|Spinani Hungwe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291769|Tambudzani Moyo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291770|Tapfumanei Wunganayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291771|Themba Mathuthu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291772|Theresa Maonei Makone]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291774|Tichinani Mavetera]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291775|Voice Chinake]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291776|Watson Khupe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111291777|Witness Bungu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111295117|Shaddy Sai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313041|Jefta Chindanya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313199|Phone Madiro]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313735|Agnes Dete]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313737|Edmund Jacob]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313738|Enna Chitsa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313740|Gladys Dube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313741|Gladys Mabhiza]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313742|Josiah Rimbi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313743|Matson Mpofu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313745|Misheck Chando]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313746|Monica Mustvangwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313747|Obert Gutu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313748|Oriah Kabayanjiri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313749|Rutendo Chikukwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313750|Samuel Tsungirirai]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313751|Stanley Sakupwanya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313752|Sydney Sekeremayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313822|Ananias Nyathi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313824|Betty Chikava]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313825|Cephas Chikwanha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313827|Chiratidzo Gava]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313828|Clarissa Muchengeti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313829|Dalumuzi Khumalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313830|Diamond Mumvuri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313832|Edmond Jacob]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313833|Egneti Makono]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313834|Eunice Sandi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313835|Fanuel Bayayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313836|Forbes Magadu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313837|Grace Dube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313838|Greenfield Nyoni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313839|Henry Chikumbiro]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313840|Josephine Moyo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313841|Kantibhai Patel]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 2005-04-12&lt;br/&gt;1985
| 2008-03-28&lt;br/&gt;1990
| [[Fáìlì:The Vice President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu at the Samadhi of Kantibhai Govardhanbhai Patel who had migrated to Zimbabwe in 1961 and rose to become a senator and was elected as Member of Parliament, in Harare, Zimbabwe.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313842|Leonard Munotengwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313843|Livia Gumbura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313844|Lot Mbambo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313845|Mandy Chimene]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q443215|Garfield Todd]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]&lt;br/&gt;[[New Zealand]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Garfield todd.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q514464|Simbarashe Mumbengegwi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Simbarashe Mumbengegwi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1399766|Joseph Msika]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Msika.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2011278|Obert Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3133488|Herbert Murerwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3274147|John Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3369338|Patrick Chinamasa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Patrick Chinamasa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5017585|Cain Mathema]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Minister Cain Mathema.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5091394|Chenhanho Chimutengwende]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5232494|David Coltart]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:David Coltart.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5238373|David Parirenyatwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:David Parirenyatwa (cropped).png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5301822|Douglas Mombeshora]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340066|Edna Madzongwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Edna Madzongwe at the 53rd Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference, in New Delhi on September 22, 2007.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360562|Elias Mudzuri]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5427612|Faber Chidarikire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5460278|Flora Buka]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559396|Gibson Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5576402|Godfrey Chidyausiku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5622273|Guy Georgias]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5725372|Henry Madzorera]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6217016|Johannes Tomana]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6775305|Martin Dinha]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6848219|Mike Nyambuya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7088073|Olivia Muchena]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Olivia muchena.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7146962|Patrick Kombayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7317489|Reuben Marumahoko]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412244|Samuel Mumbengegwi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7412644|Samuel Sipepa Nkomo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7447116|Sekai Holland]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sekai Holland.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7550235|Sobusa Gula-Ndebele]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660136|Sydney Sekeramayi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7936864|Vitalis Zvinavashe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8003386|Willard Chiwewe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q9358456|Thokozani Khuphe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Thokozani Khuphe.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16011177|Jeremiah Chirau]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q217169|Rhodesia]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Internal Settlement.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16091552|Naison Ndlovu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16136022|Morgan Femai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Tracy Mutinhiri]]
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16866539|Simon Khaya-Moyo]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16886031|Lutho Tapela]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20872132|Prisca Mupfumira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prisca Mupfumira - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25697807|Kumbirai Kangai]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Independence Day Celebrations at the Ambassador's Residence, Harare, Zimbabwe. Guests at the function included Deputy Speaker of Parliament, Kumbirai Kangai.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85118775|Monica Mutsvangwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q94704254|Jock Alves]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106269407|Ellen Gwaradzimba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107491736|Peter Haritatos]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107534597|Bekithemba Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281646|Getrude Chibagu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281682|Lovemore Matuke]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111281756|Tendayi Makunde]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282851|Annah Rungani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282876|Lwazi Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282883|Miriam Chikukwa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282888|Sabina Thembani]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282889|Sibusisiwe Budha]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111282890|Sikhanyisiwe Mpofu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283546|Address Matiirira]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283547|Agnes Sibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283548|Alice Chimbudzi]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283549|Alma Mkhwebu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283551|Alphina Juba]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283552|Angelina Masuku]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283554|Charles Tawengwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283555|Damian D. E. Mumvuri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283556|Dorothy Tholakele Khumalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283557|Dzikamai Calisto Mavhaire]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283558|Farirai Ethel Mabhungu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283559|Grace Tsitsi Jadagu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283560|Herbert M. Sinampande]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283561|Jaison Max Korerai Machaya]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283562|James Makore]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283563|Jane Chifamba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283564|Jenia Manyeruke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283565|Josiah D. Hungwe]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283566|Joyce Ndhlovu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283567|Judith Mawire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283568|Keresina Chabuka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283569|Lilian Timveos]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283571|Martha Muronzi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283572|Matson M. Hlalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283573|Medelina Bhebhe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283574|Michael Norman Carter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283575|Mike M. Byton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283576|Misheck Marava]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283577|Mlotshwa Sithembile]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283578|Molly Mkandla]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283579|Monicah Mavhunga]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283580|Morgen Komichi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283581|Muhlava Otilia Maluleke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283582|Patrick Chitaka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283583|Rorana Muchihwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283584|Rosemary Goto]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283585|Rosemary Nyathi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283586|Ruth Mafoko Labode]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283587|Shuvai Ben Mahofa]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283588|Siphiwe Ncube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283590|Tapera Machingaifa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283592|Thokozile A. Mathuthu]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283594|Tsitsi Veronica Muzenda]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111283595|Violet Moeketsi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313846|Oria Kabayanjiri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313847|Richard Hove]]''
| 
| [[Zimbabwe|Sìmbábúè]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313848|Rittah Ndlovu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313849|Sheila Mahere]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313850|Sibangilizwe Msipa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313851|Siriro Majuru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313852|Stefano Mukusha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313853|Tazvitya Mapfumo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313854|Thabiso Ndlovu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313855|Tobias Matanga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313857|Virginia Muchengeti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111313858|Vivian Muchicho]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>aqs6vw2igukyefzq3exl7taa5j81net</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Communes of Benin</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67078</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622138</id>
      <parentid>620738</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T13:13:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622138</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12884" sha1="ql4d0gieh8cjlwngrgf6yiqa9vulyi8" xml:space="preserve">
{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q1780506 }
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131611813|Sèmè-Podji (commune)]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136718837|Commune de Zakpota]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140153641|Adjiga]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| 
| {{Coord|6.6864|2.1217|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q583110|Gogounou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|10.83861|2.83611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| [[Kandi]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|11.128611|2.936944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1860831|Karimama]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|12.066667|3.183333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.93816|2.75703|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2200458|Banikoara]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|11.3|2.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2202003|Ségbana]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|10.927778|3.694444|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.92778|3.69444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2337446|Malanville]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Alibori]]
| {{Coord|11.866667|3.383333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.66636|3.26373|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:BJ-Malanville.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q371196|Péhunco]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.228333|2.001944|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.27069|2.03744|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.229444|1.999722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q545022|Cobly]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.492222|0.999722|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kobli2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| [[Natitingou]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.3|1.366667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hotel de ville de Natitingou.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2269207|Kérou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.825|2.109444|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.91433|1.99153|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2269235|Boukoumbé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.183333|1.1|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Boukoumbé-Rue (2).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2269248|Tanguiéta]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.616667|1.266667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|11.03621|1.41757|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tanguieta sign, Benin.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2527479|Kouandé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.331667|1.691389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3300020|Matéri]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.697778|1.063333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.7986|1.02756|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3532838|Toucountouna]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atakora]]
| {{Coord|10.498611|1.375556|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.51424|1.45527|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ouidah]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.366667|2.083333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Africa Endeavor is empowering African Partner nations to enhance their C4 (command, control, communications and computer systems) and cyber defense capabilities in Cotonou, Benin in July 2025 - 94.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q960239|Allada]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.665|2.152222|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.682|2.128|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bonne de kilometrage.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1118769|Sô-Ava]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.466667|2.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1134963|Tori-Bossito]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.503056|2.145|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hôtel de ville de la commune de Tori-Bossito.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2095710|Toffo]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.85|2.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Atlantique communes.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2256918|Zè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.783333|2.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2473939|Abomey-Calavi]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.448611|2.355556|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abomey-Calavi vue.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2693366|Kpomassè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Atlantique]]
| {{Coord|6.4|1.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| [[Parakou]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|9.35|2.616667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Parakou1.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Benin physical map.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1115202|N’Dali]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|9.860833|2.718056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1364580|Tchaourou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|8.883333|2.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1857012|Sinendé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|10.344722|2.379167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2271297|Bembèrèkè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|10.225|2.668056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:3rd Company, Beninese Army soldiers on range at Bembèrèkè 2009-06-12 3.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2378608|Nikki]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|9.933333|3.208333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:DEGAN Gabin ( gani's party ).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2716795|Pèrèrè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|9.799444|2.992778|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|9.58703|2.99607|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hôtel de ville de Pèrèrè.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192088|Kalalè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Borgou]]
| {{Coord|10.295278|3.381667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|10.36097|3.42087|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q544623|Savalou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|7.930681|1.975356|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Devanture maire de Savalou 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1133661|Ouèssè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|8.483333|2.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1133694|Bantè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|8.416667|1.883333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bante1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2449849|Glazoué]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|7.973611|2.24|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2609291|Savé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|8.033333|2.483333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Entrée de la mairie de Savè au Bénin.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2609335|Dassa-Zoumé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Collines]]
| {{Coord|7.75|2.183333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue de Dassa depuis la colline de Kamaté.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| [[Djougou]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Donga]]
| {{Coord|9.7|1.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Straßenbild djougou.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q986059|Copargo]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Donga]]
| {{Coord|9.866667|1.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:K640 q 020.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1125581|Ouaké]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Donga]]
| {{Coord|9.661667|1.384722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1893077|Bassila]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Donga]]
| {{Coord|9.016667|1.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Donga communes.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3712277|Rural Djougou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Donga]]
| {{Coord|9.7|1.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2336677|Aplahoué]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.933333|1.683333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Place publique monuments aux morts à Aplahoué (Bénin)1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2360019|Lalo]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.916667|1.883333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2566827|Dogbo-Tota]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.8|1.783333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue d'entrée du site des hommes à queue a Dogo au Bénin.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2647400|Toviklin]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.833333|1.816667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.83333|1.81667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Plaque indiquant le centre village de Toviklin dans le Couffo 02.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032740|Djakotomey]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.9|1.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3197910|Klouékanmè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Kouffo]]
| {{Coord|6.980278|1.842222|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.98028|1.84222|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:PLaque indicative d'Adjahonmè dans le Couffo 02.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| [[Cotonou|Kútọ̀nú]]
| ìlú pàtàkì ní orílẹ̀-èdè Bẹ̀nẹ̀
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Littoral]]
| {{Coord|6.366667|2.416667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue panoramique quartier cadjéhoun-Cotonou au Bénin 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Benin-karte-politisch-littoral.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Lokossa]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.633333|1.716667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lokossa women's march.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1542478|Grand-Popo]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.283333|1.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Benin4.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2682057|Athiémè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.583333|1.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2910571|Bopa]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.583333|1.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2991511|Comè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.4|1.883333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.4|1.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3141428|Houéyogbé]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Mono]]
| {{Coord|6.509|1.827|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q605293|Aguégués]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.483333|2.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1134538|Adjohoun]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.7|2.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1134995|Bonou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.9|2.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2100355|Sèmè-Kpodji]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.366667|2.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2274435|Akpro-Missérété]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.5625|2.585278|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.5625|2.58528|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2375902|Avrankou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.55|2.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2476120|Adjarra]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.533333|2.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Adjarra-Le Marché (Dahomey).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2684866|Dangbo]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| {{Coord|6.5|2.683333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|6.58039|2.49927|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96274244|Kétoukpè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Ouémé]]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mototaxi Kétoukpè.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q269353|Pobè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Plateau]]
| {{Coord|6.966667|2.683333|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Plateau communes.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q959156|Sakété]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Plateau]]
| {{Coord|6.736389|2.658056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chefs dahoméens-Sakété.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:BJ-Sakete.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1133867|Adja-Ouèrè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Plateau]]
| {{Coord|7|2.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1134264|Ifangni]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Plateau]]
| {{Coord|6.666667|2.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2474638|Kétou]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Plateau]]
| {{Coord|7.358056|2.6075|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chef de Kétou (1900).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q527734|Agbangnizoun]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.066667|1.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1133856|Djidja]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.344444|1.933333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1134277|Ouinhi]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.083319|2.483361|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2050232|Zogbodomey]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.083333|2.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| [[Bohicon]]
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.2|2.066667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|7.163|2.094|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bohiconroad.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2464735|Covè]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.222222|2.338889|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Cové1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574433|Za-Kpota]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.230278|2.215278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574757|Zagnanado]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.266667|2.35|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Façade de l'église catholique de Zangnanado 05.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31550517|Commune of Abomey]]''
| 
| [[Benin]]
| [[Apá Zou]]
| {{Coord|7.188|1.973|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>ql4d0gieh8cjlwngrgf6yiqa9vulyi8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Communes of Madagascar</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67163</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622145</id>
      <parentid>621959</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T16:07:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622145</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="312196" sha1="90qfiys1svj2t92fm13y8fhcnq61iwy" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q3192808 }
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2039276|Bemolanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| {{Coord|-17.788611|45.120833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830423|Alakamisikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| {{Coord|-19.13|47.11|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844117|Ampasambazimba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| {{Coord|-16.3179|47.833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7687864|Tatao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13108329|Mamoriarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65308152|Marotolana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109827204|Antaramena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| 
| {{Coord|-22.641|46.893|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125698314|Ilakaka Be]]''
| 
| 
| 
| {{Coord|-22.766|45.346|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105635|Ambatoharanana, Anosibe An'ala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1352996|Alaotra-Mangoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6426|48.105|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16465943|Anosibe An'ala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1352996|Alaotra-Mangoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4311|48.2072|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.4316|48.2071|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q338916|Ambohimandroso, Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.883|46.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842075|Ambinanindovoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.9167|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842080|Ambinaniroa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.65|47.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842218|Ambohimahamasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.935|47.185|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Village d'Iharondahy, à l'ouest d'Ambohimahamasina.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846209|Andrainjato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.933|46.983|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850249|Anjoma]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.217|46.917|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850278|Ankaramena, Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.949|46.6375|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2899874|Besoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.909|46.775|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068386|Fenoarivo, Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7|46.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147364|Iarintsena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.827|46.88|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3197305|Kirano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.833|47.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277663|Mahazony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.9833|47.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285219|Manamisoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.767|46.967|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vin Soavita Château Verger.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307905|Miarinarivo, Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-22.083|47.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3478535|Sendrisoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-22.004|46.952|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562134|Vohitsaoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0335|46.7167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vohitsaoka transfer.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q268221|Maherivaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.5|48.667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456642|Ambanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.678611|48.452222|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Antsiranana Ambanja.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1184635|Ankingameloko]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.817|48.283|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841500|Ambalahonko]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.583|48.417|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842173|Ambodimanga, Ambanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.783|48.617|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842243|Ambohimarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.933|48.467|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850297|Ankatafa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.617|48.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852325|Anorotsangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.916667|47.916667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS059-E-75391 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852537|Antafiambotry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.376363|48.48167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857576|Antranokarany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.717|48.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857615|Antsakoamanondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.617|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857629|Antsatsaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7|48.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857642|Antsirabe, Ambanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.867|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895230|Bemanevika Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.83879|48.500194|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895233|Bemaneviky Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.644865|48.034647|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032797|Djangoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.783333|48.316667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294629|Marotolana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.017|48.617|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294668|Marovato, Ambanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.9|48.733|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107176152|Bemanevika Haut Sambirano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.65|48.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111938655|Ambohitrandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1|48.6481|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111938724|Maevatanana, Diana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.883333|48.533333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar, Placer d'Ambodimanga, vagonnet d'Inpection Timbree (edition de la Maison P. Ghigiasso, librairie, articles de menage, Tamatave).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111941042|Ambohimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.61645|48.41136|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111941703|Benavony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7|48.4833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue sur la forêt de Benavony( Ambanja), Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138566691|Ambaliha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.52552|48.57176|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138566809|Antsahabe Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2424379|Ambanja District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7621|47.9567|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q665074|Manerinerina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2833|47.2833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hotely-Manerinerina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q735661|Ankirihitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7667|46.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2364415|Andranofasika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.3833|46.9|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andranofasika market, January 2010, Madagascar (4466561827).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841909|Ambato Ambarimay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7833|46.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842315|Ambondromamy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4333|47.15|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Famous bridge along A-road 4.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846227|Andranomamy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.6|47.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850241|Anjiajia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4833|46.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850329|Ankijabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.3667|46.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276106|Madirovalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4333|46.5333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Betsiboka River Delta, Madagascar (33837289844).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3485370|Sitampiky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.6667|46.1|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-16.66667|46.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541459|Tsaramandroso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.3667|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56306552|Ambesisika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030836|Ambato-Boeni]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5205|46.8544|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Objectif 2030 - Adduction d'eau potable à Ambesisika.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841963|Ambatomifanongoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.27|46.91|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842316|Ambondromisotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.333|46.917|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842328|Amborompotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.61|46.2495|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068387|Fenoarivo, Ambatofinandrahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.867|46.88|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155987|Itremo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.592|46.635|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285602|Mandrosonoro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5895|46|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Pezzottaite-49527.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285719|Mangataboahangy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2665|46.189|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Quartz epitaxis Mangataboahangy MNHN Minéralogie 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25247403|Soavina, Ambatofinandrahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030837|Ambatofinandrahana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.383333|46.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q427722|Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.383333|47.416667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambatolampy madagascar.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q814469|Behenjy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2|47.4833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Behenjy Eau Vive building.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1088635|Tsinjoarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|47.6833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tsinjoarivo Rova 01.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841971|Ambatondrakalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4333|47.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842162|Ambodifarihy Fenomanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.45|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842270|Ambohipihaonana, Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4333|47.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846245|Andranovelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.39|47.38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846255|Andravola Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4|47.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846856|Andriambilany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3167|47.4667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andriambilany.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852554|Antakasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5333|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852574|Antanamalaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4|47.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852598|Antanimasaka, Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857622|Antsampandrano, Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5333|47.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894209|Belambo, Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4|47.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285993|Manjakatompo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3333|47.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323746|Morarano, Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4333|47.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3460690|Sabotsy Namatoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|47.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541544|Tsiafajavona Ankaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3833|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451883|Andriantsivalana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q371386|Ambatolampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.33641|47.50196|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841936|Ambatomainty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-17.683333|45.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895239|Bemarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7971|44.6979|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Au Coeur de la riziculture de Bemarivo district de Besalampy. 07.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294633|Marotsialeha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7833|45.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473667|Sarodrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-17.874|45.862|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Baobabs at Sarodrano.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107176112|Sarodrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-18|44.816667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Baobabs at Sarodrano.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535803|Makaraingo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030839|Ambatomainty]]''
| {{Coord|-17.9147|45.7635|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q218773|Ilafy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1352996|Alaotra-Mangoro]]''
| {{Coord|-17.878921|48.406255|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Les maisons du père Pédro, Ilafy, Madagascar (25454384123).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456731|Ambatondrazaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.833333|48.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2077816|Antanandava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4533|48.6704|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2404698|Ambatosoratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6167|48.5167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chrysobéryl 3.jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841548|Ambandrika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1352996|Alaotra-Mangoro]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7667|48.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842297|Ambohitsilaozana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6833|48.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Allés des Cedrela odorata à Ambohitsilaozana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844111|Amparihitsokatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5167|48.5667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-17.516667|48.566667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844446|Ampitatsimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7833|48.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846151|Andilanatoby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.9333|48.2333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar RN44.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846934|Andromba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.405|48.6376|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857626|Antsangasanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8333|48.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2882832|Ambatondrazaka Suburbaine]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.9|48.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894071|Bejofo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8333|48.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3027268|Didy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1167|48.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068480|Feramanga Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7667|48.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148998|Imerimandroso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4333|48.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Point de vu Lac Alaotra.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285187|Manakambahiny Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.85|48.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285188|Manakambahiny Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8|48.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487279|Soalazaina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.0167|48.0667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514950|Tanambao Besakay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.15|48.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136648271|Ambohidava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.55133|48.52766|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136648276|Ambohiboromanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8693|48.38139|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136651340|Amparihintsokatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030843|Ambatondrazaka District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.52903|48.57337|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456634|Ambarakaraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.5|48.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q750960|Betsihaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.15|49.233|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841492|Ambakirano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.433|49.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841527|Ambalan'anjavy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.33737|49.021703|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842159|Ambodibonara, Ambilobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.2|48.833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844466|Ampondralava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.167|48.933|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845030|Anaborano Ifasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.683|48.833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Pont Ifasy Ambilobe 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850239|Anjiabe Ambony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.233|48.867|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857627|Antsaravibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.05|49.017|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857656|Antsohimbondrona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.083|48.85|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar map.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896864|Beramanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.333|48.867|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285204|Manambato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.876111|49.158056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3286602|Mantaly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.167|48.967|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514953|Tanambao Marivorahona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.083|49.083|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manajeba riviere - Marivorahona.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109918210|Antanambe, Diana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109918211|Sirama Ankaragna]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.08333|48.91667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138589453|Antanabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030842|Ambilobe]]''
| {{Coord|-13.2647|49.1096|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q458067|Amboasary Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.04|46.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893874|Behara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.95|46.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3046793|Ebelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4833|46.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3051647|Elonty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.0333|46.2167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mairie de la Commune d'Elonty.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3058049|Esira]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3333|46.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148106|Ifotaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.8|46.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277539|Mahaly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1667|46.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285656|Manevy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3833|46.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294597|Maromby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.35|46.5667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Thorianite-729924.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294638|Marotsiraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2833|45.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3470930|Sampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.15|46.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514966|Tanandava Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1333|46.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3537303|Tranomaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6|46.4667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Grandidierite.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541601|Tsivory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.0683|46.0756|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:FLM Tsivory 003.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137608322|Berano Ville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.12213|46.41895|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137608488|Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.60042|46.25944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137608596|Ranobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4907|46.2077|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137608625|Tomboarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030844|Amboasary Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2056|45.8968|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841926|Ambatolampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.845|47.487|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842212|Ambohidratrimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.47|47.28|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156271|Ivato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.47|47.28|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ivato Tananarive.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105640|Ambohimanjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.70849|47.43768|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105641|Ambohitrimanjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8508|47.4468|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:La ruelle vers Ambohitrimanjaka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105642|Ambohipihaonana, Ambohidratrimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.69471|47.57714|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105645|Ampangabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.11639|47.51694|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:The sunset in Ampangabe.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105737|Avaratsena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6368|47.6031|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13106606|Iarinarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.82905|47.40335|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13108332|Mananjara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75063|47.31777|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19948195|Antanetibe, Ambohidratrimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6666|47.3929|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20570978|Ampanotokana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7188|47.3085|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20571020|Anjanadoria]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6079|47.3854|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538627|Mahitsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7484|47.3473|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mahitsy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538630|Manjakavaradrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.69568|47.48755|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538633|Ambato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538636|Anosiala, Ambohidratrimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.78493|47.41785|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538639|Antehiroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.83282|47.49229|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538640|Antsahafilo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6636|47.5449|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538641|Fiadanana, Ambohidratrimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.89808|47.40902|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538642|Fitsinjovana Bakaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4067|47.7315|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538643|Ivato Aeroport]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538644|Ivato Firaisana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538645|Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6524|47.3322|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538646|Mahereza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.89321|47.35588|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538647|Mandrosoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1614|47.6659|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538649|Merimandroso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75421|47.50832|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Nature, Merimandroso Madagascar (34889).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538650|Sabotsy Ambohitromby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2288|47.5986|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538652|Talatamaty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.829167|47.456667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antanifotsy Imerinafovoany.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65309138|Ambato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q15304845|Ambohidratrimo District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.559|47.4026|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q426728|Ambalakindresy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1635|47.3237|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q671278|Befeta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.232|47.048|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2390508|Camp Robin]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.917|47.133|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2778665|Ambohimahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1065|47.216|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohimahasoa Madagascar.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841979|Ambatosoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21|47.283|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842263|Ambohinamboarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.033|47.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844443|Ampitana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.133|47.217|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850270|Ankafina-Tsarafidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2|47.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850315|Ankerana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.033|47.117|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071094|Fiadanana, Ambohimahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.867|47.183|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192089|Kalalao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.183|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285232|Manandroy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1355|47.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323682|Morafeno, Ambohimahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2|47.283|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461528|Sahatona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.963|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461531|Sahave]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.067|47.117|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562122|Vohiposa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.992|47.1599|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:RN 7 between Ambohimahasoa and Antsirabe 6.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q458440|Ambositra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.516667|47.25|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambositra.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830425|Alakamisy Ambohijato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.573889|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841520|Ambalamanakana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.74|47.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841915|Ambatofitorahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8167|47.1833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Celidota splendens (from projects.biodiversity.be) ID-2117.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842077|Ambinanindrano, Ambositra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6833|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842258|Ambohimitombo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7167|47.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850299|Ankazoambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.583|47.267|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2853428|Antoetra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.775|47.316|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Front view of Antoetra.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3064467|Fahizay Ambatolahimasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148357|Ihadilanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.467|47.033|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148608|Ilaka Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3333|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3149000|Imerina Imady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.528|47.328|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156270|Ivato, Ambositra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.625|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156344|Ivony Miaramiasa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196306|Kianjandrakefina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.633|47.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277649|Mahazina Ambohipierenana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.35|47.083333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294625|Marosoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.533|47.383|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461529|Sahatsiho Ambohimanjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2|47.033|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mandanonite-586438.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541467|Tsarasaotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.433|47.233|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15730050|Andina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5235|47.155|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640056|Ambositra II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.52117|47.24653|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111942660|Vohidahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.55902|47.55221|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136759936|Ambohimitombo II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.618337|47.444788|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136759988|Ambohiperivoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.34141|47.2001|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136760048|Ankazotsararavina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030848|Ambositra District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.545737|47.341308|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841550|Ambanisarike]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.95|45.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841996|Ambazoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.3|45.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842224|Ambohimalaza, Ambovombe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.25|45.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842312|Ambondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.215|45.82|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842314|Ambonaivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.2167|45.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850233|Anjeky Ankilikira]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1167|46.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3055948|Erada]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.2833|45.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294552|Maroalomainty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1667|46.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294553|Maroalopoty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.115|46.192|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483753|Sihanamaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1833|45.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362077|Emanombo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137420131|Tsimananada]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030849|Ambovombe District]]''
| {{Coord|-25.22007|46.02448|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137420006|Analamary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q55002883|Ambovombe-Androy]]''
| {{Coord|-25.20541|45.94379|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456709|Ambatofinandrahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q474134|Amoron'i Mania]]''
| {{Coord|-20.552|46.803|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q646615|Gogogogo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2667|44.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q654603|Maniry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.5|44.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1979254|Itampolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6833|43.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Itampolo.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842337|Amboropotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6667|44.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844105|Ampanihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.696|44.746|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-24.6937|44.74581|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar affected by the worst drought in 40 years (Copernicus).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846932|Androka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1167|44.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Outrigger canoes on shore edge of Nosy Ve-Androka National Park.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850330|Ankiliabo, Ampanihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6833|44.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850339|Ankilimivory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4667|44.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850345|Ankilizato, Ampanihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4833|44.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852570|Antaly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3833|44.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892810|Beahitse]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1667|44.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894196|Belafike]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2833|44.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2899107|Beroy Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-23.9833|44.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049550|Ejeda]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.35|44.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3079738|Fotadrevo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.05|45.0167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS057-E-58929 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562124|Vohitany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1333|44.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109561779|Beara, Ampanihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.39356|44.53455|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137756482|Agnavoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-23.99715|44.91829|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137756540|Androimpano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030851|Ampanihy]]''
| {{Coord|-24.87871|44.05002|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q474396|Amparafaravola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1352996|Alaotra-Mangoro]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5876|48.22391|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Amparafaravola.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q942006|Morarano Chrome]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.75|48.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1759925|Ambohitrarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4667|48.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841934|Ambatomainty, Amparafaravola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6833|48.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842143|Amboavory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842215|Ambohijanahary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4|48.3667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lac Mamamba.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846488|Andrebakely Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.687219|48.193464|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892826|Beanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3667|48.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893578|Bedidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4667|48.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419018|Ranomainty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8667|48.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514956|Tanambe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3667|48.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562113|Vohimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.35114|48.60516|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562138|Vohitsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65309222|Ambohimandroso, Ambatondrazaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.633333|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107104527|Anororo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.516667|48.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107104541|Andrebakely Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.383333|48.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107104543|Andrebakely Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3856|48.63069|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185624|Ampasikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.65572|48.19067|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107366196|Andilana Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.35|48.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451818|Ambodimanga, Amparafaravola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136676774|Ambodiramo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.78992|48.17569|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136676907|Andranobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030856|Amparafaravola District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.445|48.38009|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q283495|Maromandia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2167|48.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q484581|Analalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6292|47.7636|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-14.63333|47.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Perimorphose geode.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q972441|Antonibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1167|47.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2379816|Befotaka, Analalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5333|48.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841545|Ambaliha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.4667|48.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841561|Ambarijeby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9333|47.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846857|Andriambavontsona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4|47.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850281|Ankaramy Be]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-13.9833|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277493|Mahadrodroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3|47.2667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS048-E-335 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294674|Marovantaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3833|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294680|Marovatolena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1833|47.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362022|Ambarijeby Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9534|47.6463|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139041630|Ambolobozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.412569|47.80596|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Freiberg, Terra mineralia, Augenjaspis.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139282435|Andrevorevo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.38116|47.71106|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139283632|Angoaka Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3696|47.4033|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139286822|Bejofo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030853|Analalava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2298|48.2842|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002216|Beronono]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q484625|Analamanga]]''
| {{Coord|-18.187778|47.516944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31361854|Ampanefy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q484625|Analamanga]]''
| {{Coord|-18.975|47.494444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137304003|Sainte Marie]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q178449|Analanjirofo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.9044|49.8999|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambodifotatra.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q429116|Belaoka Marovato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.36|49.36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q541472|Andrakata]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.37|49.43|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q636263|Anjialava Be]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2082|49.4635|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2526503|Andapa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.65|49.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andapa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841519|Ambalamanasy II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.31|49.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842153|Ambodiangezoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.36|49.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842174|Ambodimanga, Andapa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.46|49.33|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846234|Andranomena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.36|49.33|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Coucher de soleil à Andranomena. Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850325|Ankiaka Be Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.669206|49.605615|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852407|Anoviara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.44|49.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857603|Antsahamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.55|49.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892811|Bealampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.41|49.31|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:CSB II de Bealampona, Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900141|Betsakotsako Andranotsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.38|49.38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3033259|Doany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.22|49.31|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294669|Marovato, Andapa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.36|49.38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3299331|Matsohely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.37|49.34|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514961|Tanandava, Andapa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.38|49.34|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q284280|Marovato, Andilamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4667|48.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q926947|Maroadabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.6333|48.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099525|Andilamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.0167|48.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andilamena central town.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852605|Antanimenabaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.9333|48.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895232|Bemaitso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.066694|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3278414|Maintsokely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4|48.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307906|Miarinarivo, Andilamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.6167|48.25|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Miarinarivo (Andilamena District).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514959|Tanananifololahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7667|48.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136687503|Ampondrabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.547|48.082|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136687528|Maitsokely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030862|Andilamena District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4058|48.0597|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830706|Alatsinainy Bakaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3232|47.6793|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sarivazo Alatsinainy Bakaro.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846214|Andramasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-18.47|47.28|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Antananarivo Andramasina.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15304862|Tankafatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2969|47.7997|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15304863|Alarobia Vatosola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-18.874|47.515|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16526142|Abohimiadana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2458|47.7722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16528440|Andohariana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-20.228|47.514|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538637|Anosibe Trimoloharano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1653|47.771|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538651|Sabotsy Manjakavahoaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q484625|Analamanga]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1659|47.7514|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109536137|Anjoma Faliarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3288|47.7471|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109537766|Morarano Soafiraisana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030857|Andramasina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3474|47.8146|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137561725|Anjampaly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q218981|Androy]]''
| {{Coord|-25.49001|45.638193|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850269|Anjozorobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4|47.86667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gare routière d'Anjozorobe.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21538648|Marotsipoy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-17.9284|47.6662|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002190|Amboasary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1188|47.7682|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002193|Ambohibary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.217|47.625|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002204|Ambongamarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.3187|47.9402|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002206|Analaroa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.408333|47.708333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002213|Antanetibe (Anjozorobe)]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.3946|47.5547|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002217|Betatao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2046|47.8839|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002227|Mangamila]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.56667|47.86667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535584|Ambohimanarina Marovazaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2274|47.8225|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535588|Andranomisa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-17.984|47.8111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109536134|Androvakely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.3975|47.5138|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109536394|Tsarasaotra, Anjozorobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.55986|47.94022|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109537338|Ambohimirary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.334|47.7246|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109637875|Belanitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.38466|47.61595|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136817540|Amparatanjona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030861|Anjozorobe (district)]]''
| {{Coord|-18.0793|47.8379|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q970059|Tandrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0833|44.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846224|Andranomafana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0333|44.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850301|Ankazoabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.294|44.51|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-22.28333|44.51667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2897010|Berenty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1667|45.0667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137770470|Ambatolahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4491|44.2131|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137770574|Ankeriky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.97369|44.69496|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137770763|Ankilivalokely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1963|44.9039|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137770801|Fotivolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4707|44.7089|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137770816|Ilemby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030864|Ankazoabo District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4237|45.1057|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850305|Ankazobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.31|47.11|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-18.31667|47.11667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ankazobe, Madagascar - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Antananarivo Ankazobe.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857568|Antotohazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.46|47.08|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002203|Ambolotarakely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.26928|47.40098|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002222|Fihaonana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6049|47.2072|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:121002 mad maki (33).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002225|Kiangara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-17.966667|47.033333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Eglise FJKM Mandrarahody, Madagascar (27988).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002226|Mahavelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.5128|47.2556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002228|Miantso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.716889|47.132308|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Miantso - Ankazobe.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002231|Talata-Angavo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2059|47.0998|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002234|Tsaramasoandro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-17.983333|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107366174|Fiadanana, Ankazobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.216|46.881|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535590|Andranomiely Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8363|47.2337|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535592|Ambohitromby, Ankazobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4337|47.1722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109537345|Marondry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030865|Ankazobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4386|47.0029|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4740981|Ambalaomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.733333|47.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105646|Ampandoantraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.733333|47.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105649|Ampasimaneva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.683333|48.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13108276|Longozabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.75147|48.20824|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13108665|Niarovana Marosampanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5274|48.0405|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13109235|Tratramarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5145|48.3604|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19948194|Antandrokomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.89972|48.59987|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451562|Ambodimerana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5533|48.2506|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136692520|Ampandroantraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030872|Anosibe An'ala District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3928|48.3083|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846865|Andriandampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q16045730|Anosy]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7667|45.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q570816|Antalaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.904167|50.283333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antalahas beach (4932556154).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q674279|Lanjarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6|50.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q687287|Vinanivao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.883333|50.266667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ratranavona.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841497|Ambalabe, Antalaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1667|50.4167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ravenala madagascariens Madagascar (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842067|Ambinanifaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6167|50.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842282|Ambohitralanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.2333|50.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844078|Ampahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.75|50.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844465|Ampohibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0333|50.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852585|Antananambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1667|50.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2856985|Antombana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15|50.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857605|Antsahanoro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.8333|50.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857621|Antsambalahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.7167|49.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294574|Marofinaritra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0333|50.1167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:AMPOKOAFO - MADAGASCAR.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473447|Sarahandrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6|49.97|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852577|Antanambao Manampotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.485|48.573889|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.485|48.5739|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640062|Antanandehibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.683333|48.333333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640067|Manakana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.768358|48.354|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640071|Saivaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.666667|48.533333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109701044|Manaratsandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.406788|48.333357|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842219|Ambohimalaza Miray]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.892292|47.639666|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842235|Ambohimangakely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.900602|47.599692|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:RN 65 Amoronakona.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850267|Ankadikely Ilafy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q484625|Analamanga]]''
| {{Coord|-18.848142|47.552537|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ankadikely Ilafy 2.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297263|Masindray]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.97148|47.62882|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10908615|Alasora]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0251|47.7857|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Alasora sacred hill Madagascar.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105638|Ambohidrabiby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.77|47.61|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Le village d'Ambatomahamanina vu d'Ambohidrabiby.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15925513|Sabotsy Namehana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.833333|47.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Main road Sabotsy Namehana.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002196|Ambohimanambola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.94713|47.59922|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Artisan dans l'atelier de ferronnerie, Ankazobe Ambohimanambola, Antananarivo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002209|Anjeva Gara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.933333|47.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Anjeva.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002220|Fieferana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8301|47.64504|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31361906|Ambohimanga Rova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7664|47.56102|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107366241|Talata Volonondry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7409|47.6184|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Village de Talata ny Volonondry.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535626|Anosy Avaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.81876|47.56261|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hopitaly Anosy Avaratra.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535633|Viliahazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.81005|47.667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109667654|Manandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030868|Antananarivo-Avaradrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.80898|47.5914|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20973448|Belanitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q489821|Antananarivo Province]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.183293|46.66534|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002186|Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q489821|Antananarivo Province]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.09627|47.52996|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002211|Ankaraobato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q489821|Antananarivo Province]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|47.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487313|Soavina, Analamanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.95931|47.50328|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16303464|Ambohijanaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9998|47.5639|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20570986|Andoharanofotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.97903|47.53329|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002188|Ambatofahavalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.116667|47.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002195|Ambohidrapeto]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|47.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002205|Ampitatafika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.937|47.47838|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002207|Andranonahoatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|46.875|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002208|Androhibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.99712|47.46609|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Temple FJKM Antsahadinta vaovao sis sur la colline royale d'Antsahadinta.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002214|Antanetikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.06314|47.48535|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002215|Bemasoandro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.916667|47.483333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bemasoandro.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002219|Fenoarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.933|47.43543|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohijatovo, Antananarivo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002223|Itaosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.916667|47.466667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002230|Soalandy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9997|47.4984|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002233|Tanjombato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.95|47.516667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002236|Tsiafahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.068784|47.550897|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Parc Gasikara, Le Carat Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107404615|Ambavahaditokana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.92378|47.46175|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107404639|Alakamisy Fenoarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.94029|47.42497|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107404653|Fiombonana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.89531|47.476418|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107404662|Bongatsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.032443|47.543905|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107404670|Ampahitrosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0272|47.49215|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109536390|Ankadimanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.892654|47.458706|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ankadimanga.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109536392|Anosizato Andrefana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030869|Antananarivo-Atsimondrano]]''
| {{Coord|-18.93913|47.49712|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65309340|Ankadinandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030871|Antananarivo-Renivohitra District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.928453|47.533677|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841922|Ambatolahy, Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7333|47.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841957|Ambatomiady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6833|47.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841982|Ambatotsipihina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842187|Ambodiriana, Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5833|47.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842234|Ambohimandroso, Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5167|47.4167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fasana Ramarovahoaka Miadanimerina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842279|Ambohitompoina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.75|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844444|Ampitatafika, Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5667|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846221|Andranofito]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7833|47.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857600|Antsahalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5833|47.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857624|Antsampandrano, Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9167|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451876|Soamanandrariny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65172|47.25151|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451880|Anjamanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7564|47.4851|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136764014|Belanitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030873|Antanifotsy District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.85|47.216667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q589017|Marovato Befeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1333|45.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844081|Ampamata]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.55|45.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846065|Andalatanosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6667|45.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852609|Antanimora Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.8167|45.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148955|Imanombo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4333|45.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3160443|Jafaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9167|45.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137420082|Andoharano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-24.61143|45.71099|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137420096|Andragnanivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q126597869|Antanimora Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-25.0346|45.5905|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1089614|Antsalova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.666667|44.616667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-18.4|44.37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894115|Bekopaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1|44.51|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manambolorivier 01.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297300|Masoarivo, Antsalova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.033333|44.333333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS008-E-18563 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487274|Soahany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4|44.13|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3537299|Trangahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.12871|44.55789|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS019-E-21652 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535805|Bemaraha Atsinanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030881|Antsalova District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.72495|44.9279|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456630|Ambano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8|47.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q965181|Tsarahonenana Sahanivotry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9833|47.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830424|Alakamisy, Antsirabe II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2|47.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841956|Ambatomena, Antsirabe II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.85|47.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842197|Ambohibary, Antsirabe II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6167|47.15|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohibary - Ampanotokana (RN4).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842203|Ambohidranandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8833|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842247|Ambohimiarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.85|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842298|Ambohitsimanova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.95|47.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846229|Andranomanelatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7833|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852576|Antanambao, Antsirabe II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6667|47.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852599|Antanimandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.841917|46.957194|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857652|Antsoatany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894253|Belazao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8833|46.9667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Belazao 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147429|Ibity]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.1167|47.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285230|Manandoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.05|47.0667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285600|Mandrosohasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5833|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285721|Mangatano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.95|46.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461500|Sahanivotry Manandona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.1167|47.0833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Almandine-Spessartine-Series-157175.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487301|Soanindrariny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9|47.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3559399|Vinaninkarena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030878|Antsirabe II District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.95|47.05|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fig.58-région des Tapias (Chryosopia macrophylla) à Madagascar, entre Vinaninkarena et Itaka - p. 215.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q427796|Ankarangona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.65|49.433|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-12.661197|49.436808|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q544604|Joffreville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.49275|49.206972|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Joffreville-Mairie.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q593340|Antsahampano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.317|49.183|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q963984|Mangaoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.3|49.117|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842319|Ambondrona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-21.267191|46.993801|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846201|Andrafiabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-12.517|49.4|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andrafiabe, Diana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846219|Andranofanjava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.467|49.033|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846243|Andranovondronina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.05|49.233|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850203|Anivorano Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.733|49.233|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Anivorano-Nord, Diana, RN6.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850321|Anketrakabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.55|49.333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857618|Antsalaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.633|49.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2907913|Bobasakoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.8|48.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277535|Mahalina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.533333|48.816667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277631|Mahavanona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.45|49.367|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:La commune rurale Mahavanona.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3324831|Mosorolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.733|48.967|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3418455|Ramena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-12.733|48.967|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:La plage de Ramena à 20km d'Antsiranana 02.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461150|Sadjoavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.617|49.35|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-12.61667|49.35|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sadjoavato-RN6.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16829073|Antsakoabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.6694|49.46|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antsakoabe, RN6.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362099|Joffre-ville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59629059|Bobakilandy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|12.18|49.07|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59630728|Sakaramy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.4475|49.251111|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Diego Suarez - Voiture Postale - Station de Sakaramy (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111942116|Antanamitarana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.233333|49.183333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bureau commune Antanamitarana-Antsiranana II Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138603898|Antsoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.6892|49.3152|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604208|Nosy-Be]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-13.3495|48.2595|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q609567|Antsohihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.883333|47.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842063|Ambimadiro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6|48.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842169|Ambodimanary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.2167|48.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842170|Ambodimandresy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.7833|48.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844090|Ampandriakalindy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9667|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845125|Anahidrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0833|47.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846490|Andreba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5833|48.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850224|Anjalazala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0167|48.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850247|Anjiamangirana I]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1667|47.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850316|Ankerika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9167|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857601|Antsahabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-14.8|48.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294551|Maroala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3833|47.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139297427|Ambalafaminty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030879|Antsohihy]]''
| {{Coord|-15.33795|47.80516|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q975820|Amboanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1357|47.1717|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Amboanana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1820954|Arivonimamo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.016667|47.183333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Paysage d'arivonimamo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2837356|Alkamisikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.13|47.11|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Alakamisikely tanana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841951|Ambatomanga, Arivonimamo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.44|47.27|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Panoramique+Ambatomanga (25465165243).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841966|Ambatomirahavavy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9333|47.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842238|Ambohimandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0944|47.3723|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842244|Ambohimasina, Arivonimamo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8|47.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842268|Ambohipandrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.15|47.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842290|Ambohitrambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9167|47.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844076|Ampahimanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1047|47.199|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ampahimanga - Arivonimamo - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846239|Andranomiely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3333|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852572|Antambolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8333|47.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852671|Antenimbe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2861445|Arivonimamo II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9667|47.1833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tapia Uapaca bojeri Itremo 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3149001|Imerintsitosika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9833|47.3167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sur la route d'Imerintsiatosika.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277622|Mahatsinjo Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2833|47.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285199|Manalalondo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.25|47.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307896|Miantsoarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2|47.4|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Miantsoarivo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323681|Morafeno, Arivonimamo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0833|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323747|Morarano, Arivonimamo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|47.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451849|Talata Tsimadilo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.766667|47.133333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138718488|Miandrandra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030890|Arivonimamo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.222|47.3209|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q824043|Toliara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757781|Atsimo-Andrefana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.35|43.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Jardin de la Mer, Tuléar (Toliara).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97255171|Sakamasay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757781|Atsimo-Andrefana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.87395|44.64946|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130719853|Betsinjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757781|Atsimo-Andrefana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.364007|43.708675|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15181058|Andranolalina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757782|Atsimo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.513889|46.981944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15228992|Ivondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757782|Atsimo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.916667|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15278317|Soakibany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757782|Atsimo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.916667|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17107874|Zara Maliorano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757782|Atsimo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.399|46.9535|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q178067|Toamasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-18.155|49.41|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tamatave - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640063|Fanasana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-18.836111|48.787222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640076|Mahela]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030867|Antanambao-Manampotsy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.483333|48.483333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746458|Lohavanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.866667|48.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746529|Sahakevo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2713|47.8503|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841536|Ambalaromba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6667|49.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841976|Ambatoriha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5|48.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841978|Ambatosia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6667|48.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842145|Ambodiadabo, Bealanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.75|48.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842188|Ambodisikidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2333|48.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842323|Ambonomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3667|49.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845170|Analila]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.45|49.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852586|Antananivo Haut]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2833|48.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857619|Antsamaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5833|48.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892817|Bealanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.54329|48.74981|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892824|Beandrarezona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.4833|48.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285755|Mangidrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2833|48.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294637|Marotolana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.65|48.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328499|Ambararata Sofia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.80645|48.81246|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328516|Ambararatabe Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3878|48.8559|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328554|Ambodiampana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.64122|48.67244|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328574|Ambohimisondrotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.80551|49.01995|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328626|Anjozoromadosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.439|49.1446|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328656|Ankazotokana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5624|49.12794|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139328784|Antsiradava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030990|Bealanana District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.69617|49.19686|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q629531|Matsondana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9667|49.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099542|Befandriana-Avaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.2667|48.5333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Commune Urbaine de Befandriana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841556|Ambararata]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0167|48.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842182|Ambodimotso Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3833|48.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842300|Ambolidibe Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1|48.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850295|Ankarongana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4167|48.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857614|Antsakabary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.05|48.9333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Carte bassin Sofia.svg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857617|Antsakanalabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4167|48.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277529|Mahalaza-Fanimana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3933|48.5853|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294555|Maroamalona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3|48.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323689|Morafeno, Befandriana-Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4833|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541455|Tsarahonenana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4833|48.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541547|Tsiamalao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.05|48.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139376362|Ambodimotso Haut]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.1891|48.4109|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139376493|Belalona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030998|Befandriana-Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.87122|49.35548|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893789|Befotaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.825|46.978889|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Celestite crystal crust.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15181316|Antaninarenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.9333|46.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15181910|Antondabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.829|47.093|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15198107|Beharena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.518333|47.066667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15248582|Marovitsika Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.021389|46.968611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15271835|Ranotsara Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.794|46.5955|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56060173|Marovitsika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113002905|Bekofafa Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.830017|46.409884|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137857412|Antokoboritelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.9812|46.7513|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137857527|Inosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031000|Befotaka Sud District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6753|46.6665|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2399230|Antsakoamaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.25|45.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841484|Ambahita]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24|45.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841980|Ambatosola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.05|45.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850204|Anivorano Mitsinjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4|45.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850215|Anja Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.25|45.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850288|Ankaranabo Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1833|45.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894101|Bekitro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.55|45.3|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-24.5333|45.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894506|Belindo Mahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4833|45.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896856|Beraketa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1833|45.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900064|Beteza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.45|45.1167|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-24.45|45.11667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900410|Bevitiky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6|45.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285197|Manakompy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3|45.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294682|Maroviro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.848389|45.351528|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323700|Morafeno Bekily]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.221944|45.313889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514954|Tanambao Tsirandrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2333|45.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514964|Tanandava, Bekily]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3167|45.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541563|Tsikolaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3333|45.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562099|Vohimanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.05|45.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137453487|Besakoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1564|45.256|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Reboisement besakoa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137453883|Mikaikarivo Ambatomainty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.16101|45.15363|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137453980|Tsirandrany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031002|Bekily District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1282|45.358|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q528817|Beroboka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9833|44.6|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS009-E-15742 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2204070|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7|44.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Belon'i Tsiribihina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842055|Ambiky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.45|44.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842135|Amboalimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2667|44.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846156|Andimaky Manambolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4167|44.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850273|Ankalalobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|44.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850340|Ankiliroroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8333|45.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850348|Ankirondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|44.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857649|Antsoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9167|44.8667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS009-E-15760 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894512|Belinta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.95|45.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2897033|Berevo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7333|44.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297302|Masoarivo, Belo sur Tsiribihina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65|44.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hima lake.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541460|Tsaraotana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7667|44.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541572|Tsimafana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7167|44.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kimanaomby.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362047|Belo-Tsiribihina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.701444|44.548355|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138828364|Delta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031011|Belon'i Tsiribihina]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6474|44.4236|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895057|Beloha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-20.266667|48.483333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-25.1739|45.06|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-25.16667|45.05|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Zebu of Madagascar 001.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294593|Marolinta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1|44.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3537304|Tranoroa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-24.7|45.0667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Paroedura guibeae ZSM 189 2004.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3537306|Tranovaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-25.3|44.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137524717|Ambatotsivala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-24.8064|45.5373|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137524752|Behabobo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-24.894751|45.307354|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137527081|Mahaenegne]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031008|Beloha]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9885|45.1085|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895780|Benenitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.452222|45.078056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Toliara Benenitra.png|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Toliara Benenitra.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049277|Ehara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4833|44.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147345|Ianapera]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6167|45.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107377290|Ankilimary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.41899|45.00875|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137787488|Ambalavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5748|45.3252|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137787516|Benonoky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031013|Benenitra]]''
| {{Coord|-23.821|45.157|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Spectrolite (gem-quality labradorite plagioclase feldspar).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2411046|Beroroha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.678611|45.173056|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-21.66667|45.16667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Beroroha sept 09 hoveraid hovercraft.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893905|Behisatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8|45.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3066416|Fanjakana, Beroroha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6833|45.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285599|Mandronarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1167|45.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3290423|Marerano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3667|44.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17621944|Bemavo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.629059|45.36457|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137792054|Sakena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5578|44.8915|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137792101|Tanamary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.39939|45.61079|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137793636|Tanandava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031018|Beroroha]]''
| {{Coord|-21.712956|45.0925|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q729944|Marovoay Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.109|44.679|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099539|Besalampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.75|44.4833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS023-E-29498 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842302|Ambolodia Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.11|44.58|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-17.183333|44.966667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894111|Bekodoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.58|45.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277474|Mahabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5|45.2|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-17.08333|45.33333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487297|Soanenga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5|44.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111942156|Ankasakasa Tsibiray]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5348|44.8819|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138820284|Ampako]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7299|44.8016|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138820319|Antsirasira]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031024|Besalampy District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7937|45.1868|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q167181|Betafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.84|46.855|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Rizières Betafo 3.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830431|Alakamisy Antivato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8833|46.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830667|Alarobia Bemaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2|46.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841973|Ambatonikonilahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7167|46.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842230|Ambohimanambola, Betafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8|46.6167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Liddicoatite-68003.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842245|Ambohimasina, Betafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65|46.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846525|Andrembesoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.15|46.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Les paysans enclavés 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857659|Antsotso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8167|46.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3149782|Inanantona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65|46.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277504|Mahaiza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9|46.8167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Columbite-(Fe)-27449.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285589|Mandritsara, Betafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.55|47.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487316|Soavina, Betafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8|46.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:En kortfattet Oversigt over Madagascar, dets Folk og Mission - no-nb digibok 2012020608017-119.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3539708|Tritriva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9167|46.9333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lac Tritriva.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360576|Antohobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.766667|46.183333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360583|Manohisoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.783333|46.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360596|Alakamisy Marososona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.716667|46.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360602|Anosiarivo Manapa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.916667|47.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139770446|Andranomafana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031026|Betafo District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.830387|46.825884|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q511200|Tongobory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5167|44.3333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS012-E-11224 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q745117|Masiaboay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.9|44.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q831450|Betioky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-24.603889|44.765556|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lake Tsimanampetsotsa, south-western Madagascar (4315971898).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846231|Andranomangatsiaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.3167|44.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2853431|Antohabato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55|44.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892834|Beantake]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8|44.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893393|Beavoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5833|44.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894212|Belamoty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55|44.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900514|Bezaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5|44.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Messingen oorbel in de vorm van een ster TMnr 2739-36a.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068389|Fenoandala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5333|44.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3220040|Lazarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.9|44.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285203|Manalobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4333|44.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3322780|Montifeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4833|44.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3470034|Salobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5333|44.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487285|Soamanonga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8667|44.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487309|Soaserana, Betioky Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8833|44.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514782|Tameantsoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5333|44.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514949|Tanambao Ambony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55346|44.76558|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3555035|Vatolatsaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.3|44.3|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:JNB-MRU 22.08.2009 13-20-05.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362041|Motofeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100948815|Ankazombalala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6848|44.5791|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113002899|Maroarivo Ankazomanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.921109|43.767384|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113158814|Ambatry Mitsinjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.85248|44.40914|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137802496|Ankazomanga Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6779|44.2619|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803167|Ankilivalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.300358|44.444032|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803196|Antsavoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.231538|44.520461|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803256|Beora]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.878449|44.635959|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803302|Besely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.70862|44.413475|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803348|Marosavoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.87501|44.86885|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803373|Savazy II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.57904|44.79627|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137803607|Vohimary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031023|Betioky District]]''
| {{Coord|-23.77184|44.97777|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Aulacotoma tenuelimbata (from projects.biodiversity.be) ID-1248.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q508148|Ambalasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1167|46|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q736306|Ivahona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.45|46.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q748440|Isoanala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8333|45.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841968|Ambatomivary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8333|45.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845147|Analamary, Betroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2167|45.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892837|Beapombo II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6167|45.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2892838|Beapombo I]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.0667|45.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894123|Bekorobo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8|45.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895663|Benato-Toby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.0833|45.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900147|Betroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.268333|46.104444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147186|Iaborotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2167|45.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147343|Ianabinda]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5|45.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147344|Ianakafy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.35|45.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3161949|Jangany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-22.85|45.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277477|Mahabo, Betroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.65|46.133333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277597|Mahasoa Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1|44.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3335102|Nagnarena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.562984|45.769368|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3335663|Naninora]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2167|46.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541458|Tsaraitso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-23.25|46.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362085|Ianabinoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137641329|Kelivaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9167|46.1484|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137641420|Sakamahily]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031025|Betroka]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7961|45.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1328830|Maevatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q832223|Betsiboka]]''
| {{Coord|-16.95|46.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q218753|Mahajanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q740164|Boeny]]''
| {{Coord|-15.716667|46.316667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mahajanga Corniche.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:MG-Mahajanga.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741163|Ambatoboeny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q740164|Boeny]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4544|46.7161|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136440375|Ambatoboeny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q740164|Boeny]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q617235|Ambodisakoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4167|47.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841551|Ambanjabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6333|47.7|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Education environnementale Ambanjabe.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842168|Ambodimahabibo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7333|48.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842195|Ambodivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.65|48.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844109|Amparihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6667|47.1167|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-15.666667|47.116667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846236|Andranomeva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8|47.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911075|Boriziny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.55|47.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3228656|Leanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.55|47.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276431|Maevaranohely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.85|47.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294677|Marovato, Boriziny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541453|Tsarahasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7667|47.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541469|Tsaratanana, Boriziny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.65|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541588|Tsiningia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4833|47.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541589|Tsinjomitondraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6667|47.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24004292|Boriziny II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.567399|47.620853|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139568015|Ambatomilahatrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8497|47.748|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139568067|Andranomena I]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.59|47.554|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139568087|Ihobaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031037|Boriziny-Vaovao]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8134|48.1675|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q218928|Antsiranana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-12.322444|49.295|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antsiranana Diego Suarez typical Arab-influenced architecture Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q457534|Ambilobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.2|49.05|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambilobe, Diana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124537759|Ambolobozobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143947|Diana Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030876|Antsiranana II]]''
| {{Coord|-12.5167|49.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q728671|Tsarazaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.1333|47.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1395492|Fandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2333|47.375|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-20.23333|47.38333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830428|Alakamisy Ambohimahazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.4|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850294|Ankarinoro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.317|47.483|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900153|Betsimisotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.25|47.617|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071095|Fiadanana, Fandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3333|47.41|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3149015|Imito]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.4167|47.311|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277651|Mahazoarivo, Fandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3833|47.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307911|Miarinavaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2167|47.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Miarinavaratra Main Street.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3313852|Milamaina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.267|47.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461493|Sahamadio, Fandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3|47.403|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3471961|Sandrandahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.35|47.295|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar RN41.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3516008|Tatamalaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2|47.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65309591|Mahazoarivo]]''
| 
| 
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136772433|Isandrandahy Ambony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.44278|47.42094|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136772465|Soanakambana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031226|Fandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.10124|47.44841|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q775197|Efatsy Anandroza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1167|47.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q965708|Amporoforo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4667|47.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1006566|Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.816667|47.816667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Farafangana map 1.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2400939|Iabohazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8833|47.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tropidophora bathiei (MNHN-IM-2000-5484).jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841540|Ambalatany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.5333|47.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841542|Ambalavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9667|47.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842214|Ambohigogo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7667|47.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842237|Ambohimandroso, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.763481|47.518398|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850283|Ankarana Miraihina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.0833|47.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852336|Anosivelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7333|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852343|Anosy Tsararafa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7333|47.8167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fleuve du Manampatrana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857648|Antsiranambe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.15|47.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2897017|Beretra Bevoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7167|47.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3059374|Etrotroka Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.891346|47.58812|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3061353|Evato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.6|47.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068390|Fenoarivo, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1167|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148364|Ihorombe, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23|47.5333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ihosy.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156233|Ivandrika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8667|47.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277481|Mahabo Mananivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.183333|47.683333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277501|Mahafasa Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.6667|47.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277642|Mahavelo, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7|47.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277700|Maheriraty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7333|47.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285216|Manambotra Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9167|47.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294672|Marovandrika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.5167|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461495|Sahamadio, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.5167|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3515066|Tangainony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3535925|Tovona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9167|47.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562095|Vohilengo, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.5333|47.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562110|Vohimasy, Farafangana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8167|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562132|Vohitromby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8667|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137874918|Ambalavato Antevato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.997848|47.375602|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137883000|Namohora Iaborano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-22.62585|47.64007|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137883012|Vohilavan'i Manampatrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031227|Farafangana]]''
| {{Coord|-23.08183|47.61799|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q731243|Vinaninony-Atsimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5333|46.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ANKARARANA - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1343729|Faratsiho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.399722|46.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Statut de la vierge Marie, Faratsiho, RN 43, Region Vakinankaratra, Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842202|Ambohiborona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4|47.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846237|Andranomiady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2333|46.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857628|Antsapanimahazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.64|47.158|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307890|Miandrarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4333|46.75|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.43333|46.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3418349|Ramainandro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|47|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3553466|Valabetokana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3333|46.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3559400|Vinaninony Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1779331|Faratsiho District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4833|47.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1404813|Fenoarivo Atsinanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.22|49.25|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fénérive-Est.Monument.2015.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841919|Ambatoharanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3167|49.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842178|Ambodimanga II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2667|49.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844136|Ampasimbe Manantsatrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.1|49.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844140|Ampasina Maningory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2167|49.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857639|Antsiatsiaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17|49.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277563|Mahambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4833|49.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3315709|Miorimivalana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2167|49.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473456|Saranambana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.25|49.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562096|Vohilengo, Fenoarivo Atsinanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3|49.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562121|Vohipeno, Fenoarivo Atsinanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.1667|49.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746517|Betampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-21.29689|47.50566|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185593|Ambanjan’i Sahalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.348|49.3163|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451842|Mahanoro, Fenoarivo Atsinanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031231|Fenoarivo-Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.35|49.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2834496|Fenoarivobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.449722|46.561667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-18.433333|46.566667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841941|Ambatomainty Atsimo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.278733|46.330271|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842286|Ambohitromby, Fenoarivobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-17.965|46.32|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3072762|Firavahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6333|46.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3197306|Kiranomena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2833|46.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3293740|Maritampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7833|46.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56092344|Tsinjoarivo 22]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.34866|45.84828|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107144053|Mahajeby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.05|46|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138504620|Andriampotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.58752|46.41809|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138504670|Mangatany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031233|Fenoarivobe]]''
| {{Coord|-18.5799|46.7558|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q254409|Talata Ampano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.56|47.037|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Talata-Ampano street.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q527441|Fianarantsoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725839|Fianarantsoa]]''
| {{Coord|-21.433333|47.083333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue globale de la ville Fianarantsoa 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2092364|Ambalavao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.84|46.94|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Town Centre Ambalavao Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841516|Ambalamahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.23|47.1164|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841525|Ambalamidera II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.333|46.867|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850293|Ankarinarivo Manirisoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.417|47.067|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147378|Iavinomby-Vohibola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.333|47.083|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155110|Isaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''
| {{Coord|-21.143889|47.015|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156333|Ivoamba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277652|Mahazoarivo, Fianarantsoa II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.367|46.817|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285655|Maneva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-20.883|47.233|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487272|Soaindrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.517|47.033|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514044|Taindambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.467|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514944|Tanamarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''
| {{Coord|-21.573056|45.94|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3559401|Vinanitelo, Fianarantsoa II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.717|47.267|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185581|Tanamarina Sakay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''
| {{Coord|-22.466667|46.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107366442|Vohimarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.64|46.898889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389209|Ambalamidera Ambohimanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4381|46.8792|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389211|Andreamalama]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.14|46.91|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389212|Ihazoara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5855|47.271|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389213|Ankaromalaza Mifanasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7343|47.1536|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389214|Vohibato Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6041|47.1253|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389225|Andrainjato Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.54|47.18|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389265|Lamosina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.64|46.898889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124736022|Ampatsy Ampangabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.58|47.34|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124807332|Sahafata]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.26|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124809193|Vohitrarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2363364|Ambohimahasoa]]''
| {{Coord|-21.09|46.96|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124809235|Volamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.79|46.71|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124809329|Vinaninoro Andrefana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3863|47.0819|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124958730|Anjanomanana Tsimiavaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7047|47.106|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125585035|Namoly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030834|Ambalavao District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.12|46.92|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125860374|Ambondrona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2772|46.998|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893832|Begogo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030935|Iakora]]''
| {{Coord|-23.29|46.43|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147205|Iakora]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030935|Iakora]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1|46.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419021|Ranotsara Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030935|Iakora]]''
| {{Coord|-22.47|46.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65298455|Volambita]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030935|Iakora]]''
| {{Coord|-22.977|46.761|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451770|Andranombao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030935|Iakora]]''
| {{Coord|-22.766667|46.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099548|Ifanadiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3|47.6333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Pont d'Ifanadiana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842240|Ambohimanga Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8667|47.6|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar. Briquetterie à Ambohimanga.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842252|Ambohimiera]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.05|47.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845153|Analampasina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8333|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846958|Androrangavola, Ifanadiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5|47.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852634|Antaretra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.0667|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857641|Antsindra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9833|47.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067078|Fasintsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7|47.7|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fasintsara.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194858|Kelilalina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2833|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294582|Maroharatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7333|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294631|Marotoko]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5833|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419015|Ranomafana, Ifanadiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.25|47.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ranomafana 2015 07.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541470|Tsaratanana, Ifanadiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1833|47.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65309320|Androrangavola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5|47.71667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107394935|Ambiabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030933|Ifanadiana]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.40136|47.60883|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:RN 14 Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1657947|Ihosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1513970|Ihorombe]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4036|46.1258|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-22.40293|46.12576|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ihosy.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841923|Ambatolahy, Ihosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.32|46|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Boophis bottae 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842037|Ambia, Ihosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.22|46.11|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845144|Analaliry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.47|46.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845158|Analavoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.32|46.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846158|Andiolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.31|45.36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850347|Ankily]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.31|45.36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3108180|Ilakaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.68|45.21|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ilakaka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3113216|Ranohira]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.26|45.21|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-22.48333|45.4|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:RanohiraGrandRueGeschäfte.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Ranohira.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3154360|Irina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.26|46.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277593|Mahasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.59|45.57|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3305725|Menamaty Iloto]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.57|45.24|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461497|Sahambano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.29|46.17|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3469351|Sakalalina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.29|46.17|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473996|Satrokala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3|45.37|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tozzi Green Satrokala Ihorombe.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574968|Zazafotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.12|46.21|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Corundum-274988.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65307820|Antsoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-21.89|46.134|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107418228|Tolohomiady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2|46.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107418254|Andohan'Ilakaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030937|Ihosy District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2|46.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841940|Ambatomainty, Ikalamavony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9|46.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Juvenile Paroedura rennerae.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2877839|Babetville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''
| {{Coord|-21.57|46.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3073069|Fitampito]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.973|46.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148385|Ikalamavony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.168|46.6|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ikalamavony.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285756|Mangidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.25|46.8|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Anosivola overview.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3489484|Solila]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4167|46.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541594|Tsitondroina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030936|Ikalamavony]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.315|45.99|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Améthyste sceptre (Madagascar) 1.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q285251|Manampatrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.65|47.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manampatrana - railroad station.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1025754|Ikongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8831|47.4331|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vue sur Ikongo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841917|Ambatofotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75|47.4833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambatofotsy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842255|Ambohimisafy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5167|47.5333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohimisafy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842305|Ambolomadinika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.95|47.4333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sandrananta Ambolomadinika.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850292|Ankarimbelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1333|47.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894296|Belemoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7833|47.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148085|Ifanirea]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1833|47.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192078|Kalafotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2833|47.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294598|Maromiandra, Ikongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6833|47.5167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Maromiandra.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461488|Sahalanona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.05|47.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514939|Tanakambana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.05|47.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3530611|Tolongoina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.55|47.5167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tolongoina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107427309|Tsifenokataka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.79|47.67|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tsifenokataka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107427315|Andefapony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.47288|47.54214|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107427322|Antodinga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.14791|47.42025|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107427330|Ambinanitromby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2413391|Ikongo District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6729|47.5236|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambinanitromby.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q507008|Anjoma Itsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.217|46.917|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2399936|Soatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.388|46.9167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Soatanana 001.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846172|Andoharanomaintso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4699|46.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Clos Malaza - vue générale.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3066417|Fanjakana, Fianarantsoa II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1833|46.89|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155608|Isorana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.317|46.933|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Cliff Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3336167|Nasandratrony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725838|Isandra]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.717|46.933|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nasandratrony commune boundaries.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294570|Marofangady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q573931|Itasy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3167|47.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q539522|Antambohobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.18|46.46|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156334|Ivohibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.18|46.46|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar74.158.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156343|Ivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294621|Maropaika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.42|46.59|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487288|Soamatasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.29|46.17|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109827187|Kotipa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3030944|Ivohibe District]]''
| {{Coord|-22.33|46.607|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15233454|Kandreho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.483333|46.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23213980|Betaimboay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.769626|46.125109|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23301507|Antanimbaribe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5665|47.6989|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23304820|Andasibe, Kandreho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.66029|46.23368|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113288906|Behazomaty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.475247|46.234044|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138076455|Ambaliha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.44998|45.9897|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138077599|Mahatsinjo Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031322|Kandreho]]''
| {{Coord|-17.603577|46.155273|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q550422|Sahambavy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.433|47.283|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hameau betsileo Sahambavy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830426|Alakamisy Ambohimaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.32|47.225|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830710|Alatsinainy Ialamarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5333|47.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841509|Ambalakely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4167|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846210|Andrainjato Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.47|47.09|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846979|Androy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.335117|47.277419|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3066351|Fandrandava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5167|47.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277624|Mahatsinjony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.419|47.207|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56227103|Ialananindro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725840|Lalangina]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.42921|47.14607|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q458507|Ambovombe-Androy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q55002883|Ambovombe-Androy]]''
| {{Coord|-25.176944|46.086944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125931154|Ampasinambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| {{Coord|-20.61|47.684|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ampasinambo (Ifanadiana).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q582955|Mangabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7167|46.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2370160|Morafeno, Maevatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6|47.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841507|Ambalajia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4833|46.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841530|Ambalanjanakomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7|47.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846871|Andriba]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5833|46.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852603|Antanimbary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.1833|46.85|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Aomby antanimbary.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857638|Antsiafabositra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3|46.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895270|Bemokotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.05|46.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896887|Beratsimanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.8833|46.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276105|Madiromirafy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.8333|46.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276434|Maevatanana II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.95|46.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277616|Mahatsinjo, Maevatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7333|47.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277660|Mahazoma]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.1667|46.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3290873|Maria, Maevatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2833|46.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541461|Tsararano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3333|46.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109801887|Berivotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.77323|47.0208|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113288918|Beanana, Maevatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.05163|46.81038|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andranobevava, Madagascar (57962).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138124224|Marokoro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031433|Maevatanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.93944|47.24517|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q660109|Ambia, Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6167|45.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q927237|Ankilizato, Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.4|45.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099449|Mandabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-21.05|44.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099535|Malaimbandy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3333|45.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844099|Ampanihy, Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5833|44.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845151|Analamitsivala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3167|44.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850342|Ankilivalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2833|44.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893790|Befotaka, Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8333|45.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2899102|Beronono, Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9|45.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541575|Tsimazava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6833|45.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135179377|Bezezika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031436|Mahabo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.333333|44.633333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841502|Ambalabe Befanjava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.85|47.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841512|Ambalakida]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7833|46.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Site de reboisement Marohogo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846220|Andranoboka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6333|46.8833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Association des femmes Andranoboka Region Boeny.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894113|Bekobay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8167|46.9333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Paysage sur la mer d'Ampapamena.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895050|Belobaka, Mahajanga II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6833|46.4167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bureau de service Commune rurale Belobaka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900140|Betsako]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6167|46.5833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Betsako Center 17 May 2019.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2907525|Boanamary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.833333|46.316667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS050-E-56682 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277509|Mahajamba Usine]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3291409|Mariarano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031439|Mahajanga II]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4833|46.7|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Une escalier observé dans la grotte.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2480166|Mahanoro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9|48.8|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.898889|48.811389|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Canal des Pangalanes - Nosy Varika - Mahanoro (4).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6783504|Masomeloka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-20.279911|48.625825|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15179688|Ambodiharina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q757783|Atsinanana]]''
| {{Coord|-20.012872|48.76865|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS021-E-5436 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746489|Ambinanidilana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8933|48.4428|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746491|Ambinanindrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-20.1011|48.3392|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambinanindrano.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746494|Ambodibonara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3388|48.5177|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746510|Ankazotsifantatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9934|48.493|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746515|Befotaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2458|48.3271|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746518|Betsizaraina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9617|48.7628|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746524|Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8048|48.5548|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746535|Tsaravinany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7379|48.7206|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109905513|Andranambomaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-20.14912|48.582632|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137997742|Tsaravinany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031441|Mahanoro]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7325|48.7257|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q742869|Andranovao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6167|44.0667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1100822|Tambohorano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5067|43.9522|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mandrozo lake.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2404468|Maromavo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5667|44.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846049|Andabotoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1|44.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850351|Ankisatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2333|44.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857613|Antsahidoha Bebao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3667|44.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857658|Antsondrodava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4|44.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893395|Bebakony Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.1|44.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2897034|Berevo-Ranobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2167|44.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900040|Betanatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1833|44.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3276441|Mafaijijo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.05|44.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294583|Marohazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7333|44.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3556021|Veromanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4667|44.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100923377|Belitsaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.98006|44.43173|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100947851|Bemokotra Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.306389|44.1375|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535830|Andrea, Melaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031446|Maintirano District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8575|44.1324|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099436|Mampikony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1|47.6333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Carte bassin Sofia.svg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842275|Ambohitoaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.0167|47.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844133|Ampasimatera]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9333|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894120|Bekoratsaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1|47.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198509|Komajia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2|47.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285076|Mampikony II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.3|47.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139384238|Ambodihazoambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.124|47.9206|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139384251|Ankiririky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.86096|47.63489|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139384263|Anovilava Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1448|47.9629|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139384280|Betaramahamay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9369|47.5715|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139384318|Malakialina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031448|Mampikony District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2786|47.4129|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q547003|Anosiala, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.039439|48.029373|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q991066|Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.15|48|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manakara Be - south.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841476|Ambahatrazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8667|47.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambahatrazo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841486|Ambahive]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2|47.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841533|Ambalaroka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1333|47.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841543|Ambalavero]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8|47.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842057|Ambila]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.9833|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842137|Amboanjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842293|Ambohitsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.85|47.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842334|Amborondra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.9167|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842338|Ambotaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844132|Ampasimanjeva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7333|48.0333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ampasimanjeva.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844137|Ampasimboraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6667|47.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844143|Ampasipotsy, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.95|47.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845159|Analavory, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852326|Anorombato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0167|47.7833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Anorombato (Manakara).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852718|Anteza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6667|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894085|Bekatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1|47.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068399|Fenomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7667|47.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3258730|Lokomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1833|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277470|Mahabako]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75|47.7167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gare de Mahabako.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277549|Mahamaibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75|47.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285727|Mangatsiotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2833|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294572|Marofarihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0333|48|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3301951|Mavorano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7833|47.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3317053|Mitanty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.73|48|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3317335|Mizilo Gara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3341452|Nihaonana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.771111|47.891111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3352730|Onilahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.715|47.63|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461499|Sahanambohitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8667|47.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461514|Saharefo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6667|47.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461523|Sahasinaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.8|47.8333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Faraony.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3469397|Sakoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2|47.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3491256|Sorombo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1|47.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3516005|Tataho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2167|47.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3555017|Vatana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2167|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3559402|Vinanitelo, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.0167|47.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562093|Vohilava, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7667|47.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562102|Vohimanitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7|47.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562106|Vohimasina Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7333|48.1333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vohimasina Nord.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562108|Vohimasina Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.85|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562111|Vohimasy, Manakara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1|47.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109561863|Ambohitrova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.15903|47.73439|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130466925|Betampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75057|48.07137|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130466926|Kianjanomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.73718|47.80804|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130466927|Manjarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.73399|47.84091|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138648145|Ambandrika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''
| {{Coord|-22.21633|47.72684|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138651824|Nosiala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''
| {{Coord|-22.08651|47.97154|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q266692|Ambatoharanana, Mananara Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4333|49.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q657286|Mananara Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1667|49.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842150|Ambodiampana, Mananara Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1|49.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842190|Ambodivoanio]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1833|49.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852579|Antanambaobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.25|49.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852581|Antanambe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4333|49.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285214|Manambolosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.0333|49.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3471960|Sandrakatsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.3333|49.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473677|Saromaona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.15|49.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3515190|Tanibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4|49.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185574|Mahanoro, Mananara Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.033333|49.366667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185577|Antanananivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.283333|49.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107185590|Imorona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031453|Mananara Nord District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2|49.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:RN5 IVONTAKA.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3554634|Vanono]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q657286|Mananara Nord]]''
| {{Coord|-16.0333|49.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q633366|Andakatany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.1|46.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841954|Ambatomarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.583|47.017|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842222|Ambohimahazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6667|47.0833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842253|Ambohimilanja, Manandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7|47.017|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842273|Ambohipo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.85|47.0167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842343|Ambovombe Afovoany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.779|47.077|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846058|Andakatanikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.64237|47.049424|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850250|Anjoma Nandihizana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.834625|47.143543|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514438|Talata Vohimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.85|46.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20202104|Anjoman'ankona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6529|47.1042|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31361960|Ambovobe Afovoany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136772514|Ilanjana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.61796|47.02655|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136772519|Soatanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031454|Manandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.67043|47.06468|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q654408|Vohilava, Mananjary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.0667|48|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vohilava (Mananjary).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2409463|Mahavoky Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8333|48.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2423152|Mananjary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.231111|48.341944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mananjary - house.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:MG-Mananjary.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841505|Ambalahosy Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3|47.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842185|Ambodinonoka, Mananjary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9833|47.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842246|Ambohimiarina II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3333|48|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842264|Ambohinihaonana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2|47.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846180|Andonabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4667|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846213|Andranambolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9|48.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852333|Anosimparihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5|47.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857636|Antsenavolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3196307|Kianjavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3667|47.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277496|Mahaela]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.966667|48.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277610|Mahatsara Iefaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1165|48.3308|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277614|Mahatsara Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1229|48.3427|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285192|Manakana Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3167|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294575|Marofototra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8667|48.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294591|Marokarima]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2167|48.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294622|Marosangy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21|48.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323695|Morafeno, Mananjary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3335482|Namorona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031450|Manakara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-21.65|48.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3472059|Sandrohy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.6|47.9|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Village de Sandrohy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541474|Tsaravary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.25|48.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541557|Tsiatosika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2|48.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3555033|Vatohandrina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-21.55|47.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850254|Anjoma Ramartina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|45.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850306|Ankazomiriotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65|46.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071458|Fidirana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5|46.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285551|Mandoto]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5667|46.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3554906|Vasiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|46.2333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56300067|Vinany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.616667|46.483333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360569|Ananambao Ambary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.59425|46.21274|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360571|Besohana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.407|46.5175|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108739671|Maromandray]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q21008329|Mandoto]]''
| {{Coord|-19.583333|46.416667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q290448|Ampatakamaroreny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4833|48.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q456635|Ambarikorano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8833|48.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1028283|Mandritsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8333|48.8167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Couchée de soleil à Mandritsara.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841513|Ambalakirajy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8333|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841565|Ambaripaika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9167|48.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842061|Ambilombe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.5333|49.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842132|Amboaboa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9333|48.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842147|Ambodiadabo, Mandritsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.11667|48.53305|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842274|Ambohisoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9833|48.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842333|Amborondolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1|48.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846173|Andohajango]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9|48.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850237|Anjiabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.65|48.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850326|Ankiabe Salohy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6|48.7167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852580|Antanambaon'amberina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4167|49.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852583|Antananadava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.85|48.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857630|Antsatramidoladola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.6333|48.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857646|Antsirabe Afovoany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.95|48.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857651|Antsoha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7667|48.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192110|Kalandy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.75|48.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285220|Manampaneva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.05|48.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294626|Marotandrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1667|48.8333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Jiro (lumière) à Marotandrano. Lever du jour sur un tombeau malgache - btv1b10111737m.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541472|Tsaratanana, Mandritsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.95|48.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552456|Ambinanifango]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7827|48.8068|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552497|Ambodiamontana Kianga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7579|48.9784|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552566|Andratamarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.857|49.0505|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552582|Ankiakabe Fonoko]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.8411|49.0691|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552771|Antanandava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.72749|48.71836|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139552793|Antsiatsiaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.06004|49.10977|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139553098|Pont Sofia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.49693|48.61531|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139553134|Tsarajomoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1306995|Mandritsara District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7724|48.6227|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846240|Andranopasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2833|43.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850331|Ankiliabo, Manja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.7|43.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852307|Anontsibe Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3667|44.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893878|Beharona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.5167|44.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3123057|Manja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4333|44.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7549870|Soaserana, Manja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.1167|44.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138840737|Betsioky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031460|Manja]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4192|44.5811|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1523009|Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.916667|47.799722|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Station Manjakandriana 04.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Antananarivo Manjakandriana.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841938|Ambatomanga, Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.966667|47.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Panorama du village d'Ambatomanga.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842288|Ambohitseheno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.783333|47.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4708396|Alarobia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.966667|47.733333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741008|Ambanitsena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.866667|47.683333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741164|Ambatolaona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.933333|47.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741167|Ambatomena, Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.783333|47.766667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741658|Ambohibary, Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.866667|47.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741660|Ambohitrandriamanitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.083333|47.783333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohitrandriamanitra city - .jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741661|Ambohitrolomahitsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7|47.683333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambohitrolomahitsy.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4741663|Ambohitrony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75|47.76667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4765801|Anjepy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.85|47.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4765853|Anjoma Betoho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.816667|47.716667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4766001|Ankazondandy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.683333|47.816667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Produits agricoles, Ankazondandy Madagascar (75691).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4777389|Antsahalalina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.733333|47.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6751996|Mantasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.016667|47.833333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Village de Mantasoa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6819425|Merikanjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.133333|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6827186|Miadanandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.033333|47.783333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Angavobe depuis l'est.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6963313|Nandihizana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.767|46.8691|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Nandihizana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7293427|Ranovao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.816667|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7397489|Sadabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.633333|47.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7408981|Sambaina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|47.783333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sambaina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7549876|Soavinandriana, Manjakandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7|47.883333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137212762|Ambohibao Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.74755|47.7489|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137212803|Ampaneva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031461|Manjakandriana District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.76429|47.69259|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7849652|Tsifota]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3047044|Manombo Sud]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8233|43.3642|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118175|Maroantsetra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.433333|49.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Port Maroantsetra, Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q542012|Ankofa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4|49.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q734228|Antsirabe Sahatany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4|49.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2384559|Anjanazana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.38699|49.75378|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2403574|Ambanizana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.625656|49.966774|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-15.61667|49.96667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambanizana plage.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842083|Ambinanitelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.35|49.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846223|Andranofotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.4333|49.8|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Parcelle d'agroforesterie Ambodivoangy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846956|Androndrono]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.75|49.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852555|Antakotako]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.3167|49.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857607|Antsahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.466667|50.266667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285211|Manambolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.2833|49.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419032|Rantabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7|49.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Illegal rosewood stockpiles 005.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562938|Voloina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.5667|49.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107354760|Ambodimanga Rantabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.483333|49.916667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107354789|Anandrivola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.816667|49.683333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360526|Morafeno, Maroantsetra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.766667|49.433333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360565|Mariarano, Maroantsetra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.35|49.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107360568|Ankofabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.5|49.616667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451875|Sahasindro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.383333|49.683333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136721303|Androndrona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-16.0168|49.2599|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136721309|Anjahana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.40967|49.87937|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136721330|Mahalevona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031469|Maroantsetra]]''
| {{Coord|-15.41316|49.91442|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294590|Marolambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.05|48.1167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tropidophora soulaiana (MNHN-IM-2000-5575).jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746457|Ambalapaiso II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.0069|47.8427|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746493|Amboasary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7951|47.9869|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746497|Ambodinonoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.98333|47.88333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746501|Ambohimilanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.93066|47.97887|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746504|Ambatofisaka II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.083333|47.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746505|Andonabe Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.926769|48.189251|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746508|Androrangavola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.266667|47.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746512|Anosiarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.20132|47.90047|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108619528|Betampona, Marolambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.20707|48.06684|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138004369|Ambodivoahangy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.01497|47.85971|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138004550|Maromitety I]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.13038|47.93259|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138004578|Tanambao Rabemanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031468|Marolambo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3421|47.9835|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q614364|Ankaraobato, Marovoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.35|46.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q960509|Antanambao Andranolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9667|46.6833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:La rizière d'Antanambao Andranolava.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1902425|Marovoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.111111|46.643889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842306|Ambolomoty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1667|46.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850303|Ankazomborona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1167|46.75|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Arbetsbordet på vår veranda. S-te Marie de Marovoay. Madagaskar - SMVK - 021938.tif|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852334|Anosinalainolona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1833|46.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852601|Antanimasaka, Marovoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2333|46.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895216|Bemaharivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1333|46.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285245|Manaratsandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1833|46.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294623|Marosakoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2333|46.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294685|Marovoay Banlieue]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9833|46.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541464|Tsararano, Marovoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1667|46.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138474307|Ankaboka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031473|Marovoay District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.097554|46.539544|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS048-E-347 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2531012|Maintirano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1514040|Melaky]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4|44.1|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-18.06354|44.02951|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Le port de Maintirano.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q864109|Morondava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1344087|Menabe]]''
| {{Coord|-20.284722|44.3175|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Strada di Morondava.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:MG-Morondava.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3123066|Mahabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1344087|Menabe]]''
| {{Coord|-20.383333|44.666667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Merops superciliosus, Mahabo, Madagascar 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2573754|Miandrivazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031493|Miandrivazo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5556|45.4508|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Miandrivazo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844101|Ampanihy, Miandrivazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031493|Miandrivazo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.488413|45.386389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852332|Anosimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031493|Miandrivazo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6667|45.4|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mania oli 2017082 (Tsiribihina).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285209|Manambina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031493|Miandrivazo]]''
| {{Coord|-20.0833|45.4833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Eichhornia crassipes in Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138844854|Andranomainty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2573754|Miandrivazo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.65469|45.46707|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q155530|Miarinarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.960833|46.903611|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Itasy lake.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q385368|Manazary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|46.52|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841952|Ambatomanjaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.53|46.52|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845161|Analavory, Miarinarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.58|46.43|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Analavory geyser near hot springs at Ampefy in Itasy - Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846175|Andolofotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.45|46.38|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852329|Anosibe Ifanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.52|46.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2853425|Antoby Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.072765|46.921887|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285502|Mandiavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473670|Sarobaratra Ifanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.48|46.44|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487282|Soamahamanina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.59|47.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487314|Soavimbahoaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.41|46.06|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3575707|Zoma Bealoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.51|47.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22002229|Miarinarivo II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-21.89803|47.67414|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138736796|Alatsinainikely]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031496|Miarinarivo]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9518|46.5463|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15181217|Ankazovelo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031497|Midongy-Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-23.633056|47|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15262610|Nosifeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031497|Midongy-Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-23.583333|47.016667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tropidophora tricarinata subdygana (MNHN-IM-2000-5534).jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137887031|Bevaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031497|Midongy-Atsimo]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4737|47.14156|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099442|Mitsinjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-16|45.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841562|Ambarimaninga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5|46|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857067|Antongomena Bevary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.95|45.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857637|Antseza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.2167|45.8667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Village d'Ambararatabe, Complexe-Mahavavy-Kinkony, Boeny, Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894095|Bekipay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.25|46.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194218|Katsepy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.7667|46.2333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Debarquadaire de Katsepy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3299328|Matsakabanja]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031506|Mitsinjo District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.9167|45.8333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:PRIORI Madagascar 20190830 093116.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846212|Andramy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031551|Morafenobe District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.963536|44.785535|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896885|Beravina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031551|Morafenobe District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1|45.13|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Route Beravina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323702|Morafenobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031551|Morafenobe District]]''
| {{Coord|-17.819306|44.925167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111941481|Antranokoaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031551|Morafenobe District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.1|44.666667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2007666|Andasibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9333|48.4167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andasibe National Park, Madagascar (4027581120).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2412559|Amboasary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4333|48.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2423165|Moramanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.583333|48.383333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Moramanga - marketplace.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841989|Ambatovola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8833|48.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842211|Ambohidronono]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75|48.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844146|Ampasipotsy Mandialaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9667|48.34|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844147|Ampasipotsy Gare]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9667|48.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846055|Andaingo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.2|48.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852331|Anosibe Ifody]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9167|48.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852587|Antanandava, Moramanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0833|47.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852596|Antaniditra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.85|48.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893788|Beforona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9667|48.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894239|Belavabary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8333|48|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896840|Beparasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1667|48.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071547|Fierenana, Moramanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4833|48.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3216445|Lakato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1833|48.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285504|Mandialaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6167|48.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323727|Moramanga Suburbaine]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.94|48.23|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323749|Morarano Gare]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.71|48.27|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3460686|Sabotsy Anjiro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.8833|47.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562050|Vodiriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1667|48.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31361989|Ampasipotsy Gara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107389269|Ambohibary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.91323|48.22846|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136705423|Analasoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.94749|48.22577|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136705453|Bembary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031553|Moramanga District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.28111|48.26791|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fleuve Mangoro Bembary.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q733702|Antongo Vaovao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.4|43.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1028252|Morombe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.748889|43.363056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Three Brothers Baobab Andombiry Morombe Madagascar - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Toliara Morombe.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841482|Ambahikily]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.607964|43.675563|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852607|Antanimeva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2333|43.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2886776|Basibasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1667|43.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893727|Befandefa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1333|43.3|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andavadoaka 09.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893728|Befandriana Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-22.1|43.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3344385|Nosy Ambositra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.9167|43.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19765998|Ankatsakatsa Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.88187|43.89502|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137824722|Tanandava Station]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031550|Morombe]]''
| {{Coord|-21.70662|43.74294|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q589159|Ankotrofotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.8|45.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1099530|Ankavandra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7667|45.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841928|Ambatolahy, Miandrivazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20|45.5333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845140|Analaiva]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3333|44.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850358|Ankondromena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.3833|45.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893730|Befasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5667|44.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895044|Belo sur Mer]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.733333|44|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Rue principale de Belo sur Mer - Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895221|Bemahatazana, Miandrivazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5333|45.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895242|Bemanonga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.2833|44.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900156|Betsipolitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7|45.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3011606|Dabolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6333|45.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155121|Isalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7333|45.4333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155983|Itondy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.05|45.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285229|Manandaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3167|45.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487281|Soaloka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-18.5333|45.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138827357|Marofandilia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031555|Morondava District]]''
| {{Coord|-20.133466|44.547668|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Furcifer oustaleti.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841487|Ambahy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.775|48.475|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842163|Ambodilafa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5|48.1833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844141|Ampasinambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5167|48|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sakaleona à Ambalahasina.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846967|Androrangovola]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5167|48.2333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Androrangavola (Nosy Varika).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893765|Befody]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7667|47.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071096|Fiadanana, Nosy Varika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.4333|48.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461530|Sahavato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6|48.3333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-20.6|48.33333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487318|Soavina Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.3833|48.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562091|Vohilava, Nosy Varika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7|48.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562117|Vohindroa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6758|48.1912|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fleuve Sakaleona.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562130|Vohitrandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.75|48.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107427324|Fanivelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.606|48.438|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q617831|Andranolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.65|44.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2762606|Sakaraha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.916667|44.549722|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sakaraha.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842088|Ambinany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.6167|44.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842330|Amboronabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.6667|44.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846061|Andalamasina Vineta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-23.0167|44.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2896998|Bereketa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1167|44.4|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277486|Mahaboboka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9|44.3333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mahaboboka Fiangonana Ôrtôdôksa.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307919|Miary Lamatihy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8667|44.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307921|Miary Taheza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1333|44.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3313070|Mihavatsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9|44.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3313784|Mikoboka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.75|44.0667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109561691|Mitsinjo, Sakaraha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031797|Sakaraha]]''
| {{Coord|-22.812|43.827|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2378878|Analamaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2|49.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tropidophora soulaiana (MNHN-IM-2000-5574).jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2397855|Bevonotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.05|49.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841911|Ambatoafo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1167|49.6833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Neonauclea foveolata Capuron (P00553250).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842139|Amboangibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1333|49.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842151|Ambodiampana, Sambava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5333|49.8667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambodiampana Lokoho.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842191|Ambodivoara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.4|49.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842225|Ambohimalaza, Sambava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3167|50.05|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842256|Ambohimitsinjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3|49.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846206|Andrahanjo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3|49.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846251|Andratamarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.35|49.9167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850230|Anjangoveratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1333|50.0833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Rue centrale Antanandava.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850242|Anjialava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.0667|49.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850246|Anjinjaomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.3|49.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2853299|Antindra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1333|49.8167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antindra.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857602|Antsahambaharo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5333|49.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857611|Antsahavaribe, Sambava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.9833|49.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895234|Bemanevika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1167|50.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3047037|Marojala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.47|50.0333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bingiza 2011-02-10 1200Z.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3066768|Farahalana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.45|50.155|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Maison traditionnelle Andranovato.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar location map.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294557|Maroambiny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.4667|49.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294580|Marogaona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.1833|49.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3323694|Morafeno, Sambava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.4|50.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3344352|Nosiarina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2167|50.05|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bemarivo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514951|Tanambao Daoud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.9833|50.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q254480|Sambava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.266667|50.166667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sambava, rue du marché.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55532746|Ampanavoana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.68333|50.36667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535809|Manakambahiny Ankavia]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.2749|50.0704|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109535810|Sahantaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''
| {{Coord|-15.0416|50.3459|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109743324|Andampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q368066|Antalaha District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.9398|49.9121|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Forêt secondaire d'Andampy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455005|Ambalavelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.7052|49.7529|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ambalavelona (Andapa).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455007|Ambodidivaina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.6112|49.4298|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455011|Andasibe Kobahina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.55851|49.60543|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455013|Andranomena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455017|Belaoka Lokoho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3030859|Andapa District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.5598|49.7334|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455019|Andapabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.2319|49.6515|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455021|Andrembona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.20182|49.79012|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126455023|Mahasoa Antindra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031808|Sambava District]]''
| {{Coord|-14.0613|49.7976|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2480172|Soalala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031857|Soalala District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1|45.316667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Namoroka Tsingy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842266|Ambohipaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031857|Soalala District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.4167|44.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846233|Andranomavo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031857|Soalala District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5667|45.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138496974|Antsakoamileka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031857|Soalala District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.1161|45.4195|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2387366|Soanierana Ivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.9167|49.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841489|Ambahoabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7667|49.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842155|Ambodiampana, Soanierana Ivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.8167|49.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846072|Andapafito]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.9167|49.3833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852597|Antanifotsy, Soanierana Ivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.8667|49.6333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852676|Antenina, Soanierana Ivongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.5667|49.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3079761|Fotsialanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.9333|49.4833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3286442|Manompana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031859|Soanierana-Ivongo]]''
| {{Coord|-16.6833|49.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Longhorn Beetle (Phryneta marmorea) (8560514956).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451896|Ambinanisakana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107185603|Soanierana Ivongo District]]''
| {{Coord|-16.95|49.583333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q474439|Ampefy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|46.44|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Chute de la Lili.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841913|Ambatoasana Centre]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|46.44|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.05|46.733333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842035|Amberomanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.15|46.37|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:TErroir d'Amberomanga, Ankazobe Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844107|Amparaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.19|46.38|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.316667|46.633333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Amparaky Geyser.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844120|Ampary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.11|46.35|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fabrication de brique Ampary.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850289|Ankaranana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3|46.37|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850349|Ankisabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.17|46.29|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852594|Antanetibe, Soavinandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.7|46.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3036250|Dondona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.19997|46.87506|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3117789|Soavinandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.166667|46.733056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Culture de maïs à Soavinandriana Itasy (45178).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277645|Mahavelona, Soavinandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1|46.31|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Thorianite-54888.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285228|Mananasy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.9|46.39|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297267|Masindray, Soavinandriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.16|46.44|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514877|Tamponala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.18|46.23|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451869|Ambohidanerana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.20534|46.78751|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138748752|Amparibohitra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031860|Soavinandriana]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2661|46.69945|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746496|Ambodimanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031888|Toamasina I]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746511|Ankirihiry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031888|Toamasina I]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746521|Firaisana Anjoma]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031888|Toamasina I]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746525|Morarano (Tamatave I)]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031888|Toamasina I]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746532|Tanambao 5]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031888|Toamasina I]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3079900|Mahavelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.686111|49.518333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Foulpointe.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746495|Ambodilazana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.12006|49.12161|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746498|Ambodiriana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.92201|49.26703|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746502|Ampasibe Onibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.62436|49.34922|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746503|Ampasimadinika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4165|49.16741|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746506|Andondabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.766|49.3866|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746507|Andranobolaha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.29094|49.05423|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746513|Antenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.82259|48.95657|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746514|Antetezambaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.0133|49.3997|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746520|Fanandrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.252778|49.2675|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746523|Mangabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7915|49.20834|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746531|Sahambala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.94122|49.11125|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746534|Toamasina suburbaine]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.12623|49.31913|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20991301|Ifito]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.0799|48.9132|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Paysage dans la côte Est de Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56246934|Amboditandroho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.31487|49.32319|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108672896|Amporoforo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.8566|49.1515|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108672978|Satrandroy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-18.083333|48.983333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138010360|Ampisokina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031893|Toamasina II]]''
| {{Coord|-17.7336|49.2682|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q458081|Ambohimahavelona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4333|43.8833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS012-E-11221 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q549286|Mandrofify]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5167|43.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842303|Ambolofoty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5333|43.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845132|Anakao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.6667|43.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Anakao South of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845150|Analamisampy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4667|43.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846248|Andranovory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1333|44.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850332|Ankililoake]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.7667|43.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850336|Ankilimalinike]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.95|43.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852604|Antanimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55|44.1|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS012-E-11222 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893881|Beheloke]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.901666|43.763535|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Annales du Muse colonial de Marseille (1907-1954) (18405543112).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2893919|Behompy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.25|43.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894208|Belalanda]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2833|43.65|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Beach Ifaty II.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3047044|Manombo Sud]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.95|43.4667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manombo.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294577|Marofoty]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9333|43.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294601|Maromiandra, Toliara II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2667|43.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307918|Miary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.3|43.7333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:JMLeb 1988 Mad Fiherena 24.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3314057|Milenaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.8333|43.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461830|Saint Augustin]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55|43.7667|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-23.55|43.77|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:JMLEB 002 StAugustin.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487277|Soalara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.59632|43.71305|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS012-E-11219 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541549|Tsianisiha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9|43.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5347552|Efoetsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-24.078056|43.698611|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lake Tsimanampetsotsa, south-western Madagascar (4315971898).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135962743|Andranohinaly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-23.35152|43.96298|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:JNB-MRU 22.08.2009 13-18-43.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137844754|Soahazo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031916|Toliara II]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4618|43.67722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198865|Kopoky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q162020|Toliara Province]]''
| {{Coord|-25.2|45.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q611106|Sarobaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.45|47.3333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2638514|Tsaratanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7972|47.6528|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-16.79706|47.65165|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Eglise de Tsaratanana.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841494|Ambakireny]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6667|47.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846860|Andriamena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4333|47.5|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Andriamena village entrance.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894080|Bekapaika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.75|47.5667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900131|Betrandraka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.0333|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2925205|Brieville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5667|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194860|Keliloha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.2667|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285190|Manakana, Tsaratanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.75|47.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541466|Tsararova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-16.7|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113288894|Sakoamadinika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.19748|48.03389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113450176|Isinko]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.0848|47.24405|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138139138|Ampandrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031933|Tsaratanana]]''
| {{Coord|-17.31149|47.84004|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852635|Antaritarika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.4|45.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3067590|Faux Cap]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.5667|45.5167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar74.135.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3149158|Imongy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.3167|45.7333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294675|Marovato, Tsiombe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.3167|45.7333|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-25.533333|45.266667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541560|Tsiombe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.317|45.485|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Toliara Tsiombe.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137561752|Ankilivalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-24.39893|45.0836|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137561825|Behazomanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1863|45.368|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137562546|Nikoly]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031931|Tsihombe]]''
| {{Coord|-25.387884|45.43066|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q672726|Ankadinondry Sakay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9667|46.45|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:2009 11 25 Madagascar Ankadinondry-Sakay.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q928527|Tsiroanomandidy Fihaonana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7|45.9167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar families by region Ankaditapaka 058.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1649287|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7698|46.05|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Rue principale de Tsiroanomandidy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841529|Ambalanirana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75|46.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841558|Ambararatabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.99|46.19|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841932|Ambatolampy, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9|46.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850317|Ankerana Avaratra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.5833|46.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2852341|Anosy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7333|46.4167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895053|Belobaka, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9833|45.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895228|Bemahatazana, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.35|46|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900376|Bevato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.6833|46.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3071542|Fierenana, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.545|45.847|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277601|Mahasolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1167|46.3667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Photobongolava.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294581|Maroharana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2833|46.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307889|Miandanarivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9167|45.9333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487300|Soanierana, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-20.629|47.345|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541587|Tsinjoarivo, Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9333|46.3167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138507006|Antsahalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-18.78955|46.4624|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138507110|Fiadanantsoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.10389|46.35969|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138507184|Maritampona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031930|Tsiroanomandidy]]''
| {{Coord|-19.03767|46.11521|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q649284|Mandromodromotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9167|47.0333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q780837|Mandiso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.8833|46.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q985492|Manantenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.283333|47.316667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Manantenina street view.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2421265|Ranopiso]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.05|46.6667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Grandidierite-169886.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841910|Ambatoabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.85|46.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844138|Ampasimena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.3667|47.1667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844150|Ampasy Nahampoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9667|46.9833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845148|Analamary, Taolanaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.2333|47.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845155|Analapatsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.25|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846235|Andranombory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1167|46.5167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850282|Ankaramena, Taolanaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.0167|46.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900412|Bevoay]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.4833|47.0167|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS009-E-15751 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3053691|Enakara-Haut]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.608796|46.702528|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3053697|Enaniliha]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.65|46.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068398|Fenoevo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6833|46.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147185|Iabakoho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6|47.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148083|Ifarantsa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9333|46.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3155112|Isaka-Ivondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.8|46.85|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277605|Mahatalaky]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.7833|47.0833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar74.101.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285205|Manambaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.0333|46.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419016|Ranomafana, Taolanaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.5667|46.9667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473471|Sarasambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.1|46.7833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487298|Soanierana, Taolanaro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25|46.8833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS066-E-155273 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362060|Sarisambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-25.0975|46.7951|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31362061|Iaboakoho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6099|47.1823|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137643651|Ankariera]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.9994|46.6065|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137643663|Ankilivalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.975309|46.639755|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137643753|Emagnobo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.6224|47.0026|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137643841|Soavary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.1805|47.3232|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137643852|Tanandava Mandrare]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031894|Tôlanaro]]''
| {{Coord|-24.41011|46.99865|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q571099|Antanifotsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1463029|Vakinankaratra]]''
| {{Coord|-20.133333|47.55|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.65|47.31667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Church Notre Dame de la Salette Antanifotsy.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q583184|Antsirabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q1463029|Vakinankaratra]]''
| {{Coord|-19.866667|47.033333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antsirabe - rue principale02.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q266154|Ranomena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.42|47.264|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ranomena, district de Vangaindrano.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q338376|Ambatolava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5667|47.3|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q684240|Isahara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.7167|47.35|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q974789|Manambondro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8|47.55|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS066-E-155549 - View of Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842322|Ambongo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.45|47.2667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tropidophora bemaraensis (MNHN-IM-2000-5433).jpeg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844113|Amparihy Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.98|47.324|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-23.95|47.033333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844121|Ampasimalemy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.342166|47.578477|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844151|Ampataka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.24|47.72|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2849972|Anilobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.1833|47.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894087|Bekaraoka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.4667|47.6167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895214|Bema]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.16354|47.552|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2900375|Bevata]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.283|47.283|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3047030|Vangaindrano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.35|47.605|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-23.35|47.61|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vangaindrano.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3068385|Fenoambany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.8167|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147358|Iara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.083|47.433|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3193238|Karimbary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.3|47.583|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3258088|Lohafary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.25|47.433|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3259285|Lopary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.197|47.674|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294592|Marokibo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.683|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3297265|Masianaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.583333|47.583333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lagoon Masihanaka.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3298217|Matanga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.5167|47.55|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3471964|Sandravinany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-24.033|47.433|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487287|Soamanova]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.2833|47.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541551|Tsianofana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.38625|47.54198|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541552|Tsiately]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.317|47.617|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3555019|Vatanato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.667|47.25|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562098|Vohimalaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.717|47.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562120|Vohipaho]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.55|47.5|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562129|Vohitrambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.3|47.533|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137910679|Fonilaza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.30347|47.55438|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137913221|Mahabe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031946|Vangaindrano]]''
| {{Coord|-23.74132|47.55988|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746530|Sahamatevina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q2638549|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.271|48.9185|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2638549|Vatomandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.330833|48.978056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vatomandry-plage.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841496|Ambalabe, Vatomandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.235436|48.641407|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-19.1994|48.6199|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6736825|Maintinandry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.43|48.930833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746522|Ilaka Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5478|48.8493|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746527|Nierenana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.0878|48.8493|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746533|Tanambao Vahatrakaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4339|48.8123|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746536|Tsivangiana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6526|48.7793|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20967403|Ambodivoananto]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3317|48.918|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20968458|Ifasina II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3167|48.6104|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20970634|Amboditavolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.1747|48.8825|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20970732|Ampasimazava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.6604|48.6605|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20970733|Ambalavolo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2178|48.7884|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20991238|Antanambao Mahatsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3128|48.7618|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Cascade à Antanambao Mahatsara.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21004612|Ampasimadinika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.5381|48.6859|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21004639|Ifasina I]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4216|48.6869|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ifasina 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108649570|Niarovana Caroline]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.575278|48.798056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108672835|Ambodinonoka Rangalana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.2503|48.95843|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109905529|Ifasina III]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3656|48.5956|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138019910|Iamborano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.3924|48.7701|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138020026|Tsarasambo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031949|Vatomandry]]''
| {{Coord|-19.4138|48.8706|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q736946|Nosy Varika]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.583333|48.533333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Nosy Varika - bridge (1).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107439674|Ambakobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6807|48.1072|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107439702|Ambodiara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.6506|47.9788|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125379145|Antaretra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-21.076|47.845|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antaretra (Mananjary).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094239|Ambohitsara Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-20.8712|48.4139|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094240|Andranomavo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-20.9188|48.1366|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094241|Ankatafana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-21.3648|48.2546|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094244|Marofody]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-21.27002|48.26811|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094246|Tsarahafatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3031457|Mananjary]]''
| {{Coord|-21.2529|48.2113|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094247|Ambodirian'i Sahafary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.4956|48.4418|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094248|Andara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.7965|48.4029|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094250|Angodongodona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5261|47.7536|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126094251|Antanambao]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q107377358|Vatovavy]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q946166|Nosy Varika]]''
| {{Coord|-20.5467|47.875|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1939515|Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4667|49.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841921|Ambatoharanana, Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3|49.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842180|Ambodimangavalo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.5167|48.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842200|Ambohibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.45|49.1167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844135|Ampasimazava, Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.6667|49.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846079|Andasibe, Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3333|48.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850222|Anjahambe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.3833|49.1333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294603|Maromitety]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.4833|49.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307910|Miarinarivo, Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.65|49.1|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461526|Sahatavy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.45|49|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107451898|Tanamarina, Vavatenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031958|Vavatenina]]''
| {{Coord|-17.51816|49.19425|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q218954|Vohemar]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.375|50.01|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Vohemar, port et plage.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2416056|Ampisikina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-12.9333|49.8|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ISS048-E-58900 - View of Earth.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2841539|Ambalasatrana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7333|49.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842069|Ambinanin'andravory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7667|49.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842327|Amboriala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7833|49.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844097|Ampanefena]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.8667|49.9667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Ampanefena, Sava.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2844468|Ampondra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.4167|49.95|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846203|Andrafainkona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7333|49.4667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846254|Andravory]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.7833|49.7|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857612|Antsahavaribe, Vohemar]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.85|49.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857647|Antsirabe Nord]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.9667|49.9667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Antsirabe-Nord, (Sava).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894211|Belambo, Vohemar]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.95|49.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2907901|Bobakindro]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.4667|49.6833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3015981|Daraina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.2|49.6667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Daraina, Sava.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3066321|Fanambana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.55|49.9833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fanambana, Sava (ville).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294604|Maromokotra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-12.95|49.5667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Le fleuve Loky-à-Maromokotra-SAVA-Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3314015|Milanoa]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.5833|49.7833|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-13.58333|49.78333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3344354|Nosibe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.15|49.8|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3541454|Tsarabaria]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031984|Vohemar District]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1143915|Sava Region]]''
| {{Coord|-13.75|49.95|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Tsarabaria.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1453804|Mahasoabe, Fianarantsoa II]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.59|47.2167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2830432|Alakamisy Itenina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.644|47.161|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846238|Andranomiditra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.667|47.317|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846246|Andranovorivato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.63|46.988|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277490|Mahaditra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.75|47.1|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Campaign in Madagascar.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562103|Vohimarina Lamosina]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''
| {{Coord|-21.64|46.898889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562125|Vohitrafeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q20725841|Vohibato]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1440747|Haute Matsiatra]]''
| {{Coord|-21.667|47.217|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q474422|Brickaville]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.819444|49.073611|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Zuckerrohrfabrik Brickaville.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4777391|Antsampanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.981111|48.941944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:AntsampananaHauptstr.Moschee.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13105654|Andevoranto]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.954444|49.109444|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Madagascar74.096.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640057|Ampasimbe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-19|48.7133|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640058|Andekaleka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.681|48.5729|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640059|Anivorano Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7327|48.97|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640061|Anjahamana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.3272|48.9153|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640064|Fetraomby]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.633333|48.9|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lohariendava (Île de Madagascar). Les travaux en tranchée. Chemin de fer. Tournée d'Antsirabé du général Gallieni (1903).jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640065|Lohariandava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.7703|48.7029|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Lohariendava (Madagaskar), Formation d'un train de transit. Chemin de fer de Tananarive a la Cote-Orientale.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640066|Mahatsara]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.95|49.016667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Maisons traditionnelles du village de Mahatsara, au nord de Fasintsara.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640068|Maroseranana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.373|48.778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640069|Ranomafana Est]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.9641|48.8445|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640070|Razanaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.769444|48.881667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20640072|Vohitranivona]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.75714|49.15154|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Paysage Madagascar, Manambato.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20706293|Ambinaninony]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.561278|49.171|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746485|Ambohimanana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4948|48.6409|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746488|Ambalarondra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031055|Vohibinany]]''
| {{Coord|-18.4856|49.0264|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q648288|Lanivo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2833|47.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q658939|Andemaka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2638540|Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.35|47.8333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2850291|Ankarimbary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4167|47.8833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3047048|Savana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3833|47.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148087|Ifatsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4|47.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3148609|Ilakatra]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.35|47.6667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156272|Ivato, Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.388|47.867639|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277479|Mahabo, Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3333|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277599|Mahasoabe, Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2667|47.7667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277655|Mahazoarivo, Vohipeno]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3167|47.5833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3337030|Nato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3|47.8167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3352746|Onjatsy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4|47.9|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3461489|Sahalava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.2667|47.65|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562089|Vohilany]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.40658|47.88168|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562115|Vohindava]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4167|47.8667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562131|Vohitrindry]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q109313604|Fitovinany]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3833|47.85|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Fleuve du Matitanana.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109561791|Zafindrafady]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4044|47.6007|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109561862|Amborobe]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.266667|47.866667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117475036|Antananabo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.424444|47.726111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130466930|Anoloka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031980|Vohipeno]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3641|47.89708|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q610203|Vondrozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.82|47.32|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842228|Ambohimana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.533|47.267|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2845319|Anandravy]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9|47.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2846057|Andakana]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.517|47.45|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2856984|Antokonala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-23|47.367|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3147224|Iamonta]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.683|47.433|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3156274|Ivato, Vondrozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4167|47.2667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3193161|Karianga]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4167|47.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277620|Mahatsinjo, Vondrozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.815|47.453|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Eucamptognathus laferti (from projects.biodiversity.be) ID-380.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277643|Mahavelo, Vondrozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3667|47.3667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277656|Mahazoarivo, Vondrozo]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.65|47.2833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Cooking bread fruit.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285208|Manambidala]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.75|47.267|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3285277|Manato]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.4|47.483|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|-22.4|47.48333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3294628|Maroteza]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3|47.2|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562087|Vohiboreka]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.3167|47.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3562105|Vohimary]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.9667|47.2833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137915695|Ambodirano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.721115|47.429115|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137915718|Andoharano]]''
| 
| [[Madagásíkà|Madagáskàr]]
| ''[[:d:Q3031983|Vondrozo]]''
| {{Coord|-22.866071|47.337639|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>90qfiys1svj2t92fm13y8fhcnq61iwy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Delegations of Tunisia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67229</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622241</id>
      <parentid>620462</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:44:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="40114" sha1="lmp7mrh5nijha0p0kepoqmzjkc4m9ma" xml:space="preserve">

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q1184072 }
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2861166|delegation of Ariana Ville]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.86542|10.16846|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3059378|delegation of Ettadhamen]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192289|delegation of Kalâat el-Andalous]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:SiegeDelegationKalâatElAndalous.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3212913|delegation of La Soukra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3317508|delegation of Mnihla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419097|delegation of Raoued]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.93106|10.18013|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483294|delegation of Sidi Thabet]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q233116|Ariana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895318|delegation of Ben Arous]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911892|delegation of Bou Mhel el-Bassatine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050108|delegation of El Mourouj]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3062865|delegation of Ezzahra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3079818|delegation of Fouchana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126491|delegation of Hammam Chott]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.68679|10.36188|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126499|Hammam-Lif delegation]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304031|delegation of Medina Jedida]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3318908|delegation of Mohamedia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3324184|delegation of Mornag]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3332815|delegation of Mégrine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3417180|delegation of Radès]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q238555|Ben Arous Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2905015|delegation of Bizerte Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2905018|delegation of Bizerte Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049689|delegation of El Alia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104773|delegation of Ghar El Melh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Siège de la délégation de Ghar El Melh.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104844|delegation of Ghezala]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3186735|delegation of Joumine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3298463|delegation of Mateur]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306135|delegation of Menzel Bourguiba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|37.143239|9.7846|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306149|delegation of Menzel Jemil]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3419773|delegation of Ras Jebel]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:SiegeDelegationRasJebel.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3477978|delegation of Sejnane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3529188|delegation of Tinja]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3552761|delegation of Utique]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574881|delegation of Zarzouna]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241129|Bizerte Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2842503|delegation of Amdoun]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.779056|9.083278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2929777|delegation of Béja Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.763682|9.266955|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2929779|delegation of Béja Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.534708|9.486215|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3111566|delegation of Goubellat]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.52719|9.70083|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304072|delegation of Medjez el-Bab]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3337741|delegation of Nefza]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3519108|delegation of Testour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3523989|delegation of Thibar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3546458|delegation of Téboursouk]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276576|Béja Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049934|delegation of El Hamma]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094200|delegation of Gabès Médina]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094201|delegation of Gabès Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094203|delegation of Gabès Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104769|delegation of Ghannouch]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3290427|delegation of Mareth]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3299183|delegation of Matmata]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.66601|9.88517|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306143|delegation of Menzel El Habib]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3333752|delegation of Métouia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12244000|delegation of Nouvelle Matmata]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110816789|delegation of El Hamma Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110816923|delegation of Dekhilet Toujane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q242263|Gabès Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2894557|delegation of Belkhir]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049898|delegation of El Guettar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050016|delegation of El Ksar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094305|delegation of Gafsa Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3094306|delegation of Gafsa Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3303728|delegation of Mdhilla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3325517|delegation of Moularès]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3333748|delegation of Métlaoui]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3422864|delegation of Redeyef]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.383056|8.15|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3478538|delegation of Sened]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483188|delegation of Sidi Aïch]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49099713|delegation of Gafsa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.5|8.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121082618|delegation of Sidi Boubaker]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.667038|8.457123|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131363826|delegation of Zannouch]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q269968|Gafsa Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2876281|delegation of Aïn Draham]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911894|delegation of Bou Salem]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.56996|8.99172|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3069020|delegation of Fernana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.65098|8.66903|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104780|delegation of Ghardimaou]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176984|delegation of Jendouba Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.54337|8.72472|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176985|Delegation of Jendouba City Center]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3358031|delegation of Oued Meliz]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.4649|8.61107|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3512715|delegation of Tabarka]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.955|8.755|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q9108879|delegation of Balta-Bou Aouane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276580|Jendouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.70352|8.94918|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911888|delegation of Bou Hajla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2961909|delegation of Chebika]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3047025|delegation of Echrarda]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049692|delegation of El Alâa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125674|delegation of Haffouz]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3125801|delegation of Hajeb El Ayoun]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3191992|delegation of Kairouan Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.75186|10.09236|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3191993|delegation of Kairouan Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3336216|delegation of Nasrallah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3358070|delegation of Oueslatia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.848449|9.589709|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474902|delegation of Sbikha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131363828|delegation of Menzel Mehiri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131363829|delegation of Aïn Djeloula]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276574|Kairouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3062884|delegation of Ezzouhour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3092695|delegation of Fériana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128222|delegation of Hassi El Ferid]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.9774|8.948753|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128914|delegation of Haïdra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.55253|8.4952|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176358|delegation of Jedelienne]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3193749|delegation of Kasserine Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.20866|8.78053|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3193752|delegation of Kasserine Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474896|delegation of Sbeïtla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3519434|delegation of Thala]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243830|delegation of El Ayoun]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243940|delegation of Sbiba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.50284|9.17288|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243976|delegation of Foussana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.33887|8.5526|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243994|delegation of Majel Bel Abbès]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388047|Kasserine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3201083|delegation of Kébili Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.8401|9.16826|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting North Kebili.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3201086|delegation of Kébili Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting South Kebili.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243833|delegation of Faouar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting Faouar.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243928|delegation of Douz Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting South Douz.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243930|delegation of Douz Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting North Douz.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243946|delegation of Souk Lahad]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.90851|8.83616|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Map of Kebili highlighting Souk Lahad.svg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121097143|delegation of Rjim Maatoug]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q286063|Kebili Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.324358|7.985859|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3011960|delegation of Dahmani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.96751|8.79912|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050017|delegation of El Ksour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3190677|delegation of Jérissa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192066|delegation of Kalaat Senan]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192288|delegation of Kalâat Khasba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194650|delegation of Kef Est]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3194653|delegation of Kef Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3337611|delegation of Nebeur]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.299722|8.768333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3469375|delegation of Sakiet Sidi Youssef]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3479991|delegation of Sers]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514110|delegation of Tajerouine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43033873|delegation of Touiref]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328199|Kef Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140145666|delegation of Rejiche]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q466054|Mahdia]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243790|delegation of Ouled Chamekh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243798|delegation of El Jem]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243817|delegation of Essouassi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243820|delegation of Chebba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.23895|11.05567|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243859|delegation of Mahdia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243893|delegation of Bou Merdes]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243955|delegation of Sidi Alouane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243959|delegation of Chorbane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243985|delegation of Ksour Essef]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12244003|delegation of Melloulèche]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12244016|delegation of Hebira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110740823|delegation of El Bradaa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328164|Mahdia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911078|delegation of Borj El Amri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032857|delegation of Djedeida]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3037406|delegation of Douar Hicher]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.82806|10.08088|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049732|delegation of El Batan]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3210512|delegation of La Manouba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3324188|delegation of Mornaguia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3358013|delegation of Oued Ellil]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3516789|delegation of Tebourba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q734328|Manouba Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49099860|delegation of Médenine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q846653|Medenine]]''
| {{Coord|33.38605|10.64496|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895427|delegation of Ben Gardane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.133056|11.216111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2895892|delegation of Beni Khedache]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032895|delegation of Djerba - Ajim]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.76593|10.82375|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Délégation de Djerba Adjim.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032897|delegation of Djerba - Houmt Souk]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032898|delegation of Djerba - Midoun]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3332487|delegation of Médenine Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3332488|delegation of Médenine Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|33.360806|10.468435|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483264|delegation of Sidi Makhlouf]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574880|delegation of Zarzis]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327087|Medenine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2400649|delegation of Beni Hassen]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.51946|10.75757|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176963|delegation of Jemmal]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3474714|delegation of Sayada-Lamta-Bou Hajar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243794|delegation of Bekalta]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243812|delegation of Sahline]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.751667|10.711111|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sahline, Tunisia - panoramio.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243856|delegation of Moknine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243857|delegation of Monastir]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243865|delegation of Ouerdanine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243879|delegation of Bembla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243935|delegation of Zéramdine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243965|delegation of Téboulba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243984|delegation of Ksar Hellal]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243986|delegation of Ksibet el-Médiouni]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q318102|Monastir Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911882|delegation of Bou Argoub]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.53868|10.57381|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2929834|delegation of Béni Khalled]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.65|10.6|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2929836|delegation of Béni Khiar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3015928|delegation of Dar Châabane El Fehri]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.47|10.75|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049941|delegation of El Haouaria]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050081|delegation of El Mida]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3116918|delegation of Grombalia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126497|delegation of Hammam Ghezèze]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126509|delegation of Hammamet]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hammamet Delegation Building 31032013-003.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198904|delegation of Korba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3201100|delegation of Kélibia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306140|delegation of Menzel Bouzelfa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306147|delegation of Menzel Temime]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3334676|delegation of Nabeul]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3489485|delegation of Soliman]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.733333|10.533806|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514296|delegation of Takelsa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328145|Nabeul Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2413266|delegation of Sfax Ville]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.735929|10.76133|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2826418|delegation of Agareb]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2904322|delegation of Bir Ali Ben Khalifa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Siège de délégation de Bir Ali Ben Khalifa, 2019.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049702|delegation of El Amra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049966|delegation of El Hencha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3115901|delegation of Graïba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3176331|delegation of Jebiniana]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195452|delegation of Kerkennah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3277898|delegation of Mahrès]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306142|delegation of Menzel Chaker]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3469374|delegation of Sakiet Eddaïer]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3469377|delegation of Sakiet Ezzit]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481091|delegation of Sfax Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3481093|delegation of Sfax Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3486240|delegation of Skhira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3526200|delegation of Thyna]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q241145|Sfax Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2904334|delegation of Bir El Hafey]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2943649|delegation of Cebbala Ouled Asker]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3178714|delegation of Jilma]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3304821|delegation of Meknassy]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3306137|delegation of Menzel Bouzaiane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3307773|delegation of Mezzouna]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3358223|delegation of Ouled Haffouz]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3423701|delegation of Regueb]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483173|delegation of Sidi Ali Ben Aoun]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.80528|9.13416|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483210|delegation of Sidi Bouzid Est]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.308161|9.807436|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483212|delegation of Sidi Bouzid Ouest]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.00578|9.41072|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3491579|delegation of Souk Jedid]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|34.8614|9.56721|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110740822|delegation of Essaida]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110816596|delegation of El Hichria]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327097|Sidi Bouzid Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2884474|delegation of Bargou]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.10627|9.61547|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2911881|delegation of Bou Arada]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049710|delegation of El Aroussa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050013|delegation of El Krib]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3099816|delegation of Gaâfour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3195567|delegation of Kesra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3281015|delegation of Makthar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3443283|delegation of Rouhia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483200|delegation of Sidi Bou Rouis]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483861|delegation of Siliana Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.047|9.36|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483864|delegation of Siliana Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328115|Siliana Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2829122|delegation of Akouda]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2921533|delegation of Bouficha]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.26977|10.42751|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3054189|delegation of Enfida]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3126505|delegation of Hammam Sousse]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3134003|delegation of Hergla]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192283|delegation of Kalâa Kebira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3192284|delegation of Kalâa Seghira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3198618|delegation of Kondar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3272359|delegation of M'saken]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Siege delegation Msaken, Tunisie 2012.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483198|delegation of Sidi Bou Ali]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483227|delegation of Sidi El Hani]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3492189|delegation of Sousse Jawhara]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.83337|10.59999|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3492190|Sousse Médina]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.833611|10.634722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3492192|delegation of Sousse Riadh]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3492197|delegation of Sousse Sidi Abdelhamid]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.80533|10.6407|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12243807|delegation of Zaouiet Ksibet Thrayet]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q276565|Sousse Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|35.77641|10.62224|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2904339|delegation of Bir Lahmar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021294|delegation of Dehiba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104928|delegation of Ghomrassen]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3424458|delegation of Remada]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3487090|delegation of Smâr]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3516010|delegation of Tataouine Nord]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3516011|delegation of Tataouine Sud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|32.78766|10.18933|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12199649|delegation of Beni M'hira]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q327045|Tataouine Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|32.875871|10.814881|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3021228|delegation of Degache]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3128900|delegation of Hazoua]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3337738|delegation of Nefta]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3514781|delegation of Tameghza]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3536092|delegation of Tozeur]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25454484|delegation of Hamet Jerid]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q388059|Tozeur Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2877661|delegation of Bab El Bhar]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.794592|10.176687|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2877693|delegation of Bab Souika]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.8059|10.16302|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2940578|delegation of Carthage]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.859722|10.329722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2974652|delegation of la cité El Khadra]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3032829|delegation of Djebel Jelloud]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049989|delegation of El Kabaria]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.742615|10.189504|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050069|delegation of El Menzah]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050138|delegation of El Ouardia]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.77293|10.18288|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050139|delegation of El Omrane]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3050140|delegation of El Omrane supérieur]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.83293|10.13058|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3059384|delegation of Ettahrir]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3062883|delegation of Ezzouhour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3141711|delegation of Hraïria]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3209432|delegation of La Goulette]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3210585|delegation of La Marsa]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.876389|10.325278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3220302|delegation of Bardo]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3223844|delegation of Kram]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3332663|delegation of Medina]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483223|delegation of Sidi El Béchir]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.78601|10.17516|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3483236|delegation of Sidi Hassine]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3510596|delegation of Séjoumi]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q328109|Tunis Governorate]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Quartier el Mellasine.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2904341|delegation of Bir Mcherga]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|36.53186|9.97594|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3049846|delegation of El Fahs]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3334853|delegation of Nadhour]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3473078|delegation of Saouaf]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3574559|delegation of Zaghouan]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3576220|delegation of Zriba]]''
| 
| [[Tunisia|Tùnísíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q27916|Zaghouan Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>lmp7mrh5nijha0p0kepoqmzjkc4m9ma</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>67881</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622164</id>
      <parentid>621963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:24:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622164</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="141330" sha1="j2t734hqnwm9oz4mryrmcryk8w23q9h" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q75746002 Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa] 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q75746002 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item|section=
|sort=P166/Q75746002/P585
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q75746002/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Date conferred
! Image
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54086671|Norman Owen-Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-1201 0000-0001-8429-1201]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BoSadf0AAAAJ BoSadf0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/29615824 29615824]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/496166656941922710006 496166656941922710006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78451629|Thoko V Mayekiso]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78451629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70378516|Crain Arthur Soudien]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-6532 0000-0002-9934-6532]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/61677562 61677562]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70378516/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5213742|Dan J. Stein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810 0000-0001-7218-7810]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LOHkEw8AAAAJ LOHkEw8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/39468370 39468370]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dan-Stein-20130904.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742|29]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17612495|Quarraisha Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0985-477X 0000-0002-0985-477X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ARaZ9-MAAAAJ ARaZ9-MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/24336962 24336962]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Quarraisha Abdool Karim.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79461535|Thomas Rehle]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7437-4345 0000-0001-7437-4345]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79461535/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21505541|Himansu Baijnath]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Himansu Baijnath.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21505541/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78885212|Daniel James Ncayiyana]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-8057 0000-0001-6016-8057]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78885212/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56394925|Nesri Padayatchi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q10334684|public health physician]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-9071 0000-0003-2543-9071]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OINblGUAAAAJ OINblGUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56394925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39527283|Sabiha Yusuf Essack]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-2761 0000-0003-3357-2761]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39527283/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78453566|Anthony David Mbewu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78453566/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2043552|Johannes van Staden]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-1281 0000-0003-0515-1281]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/562159234013403370477 562159234013403370477]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof johannes van staden-1595341335.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41113731|Wolfgang Preiser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-7910 0000-0002-0254-7910]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41113731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76003072|Nigel Tempest Bishop]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=m8CpFJkAAAAJ m8CpFJkAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76003072/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55098484|Graeme Meintjes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-4414 0000-0003-1196-4414]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55098484/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55820267|Keith Breckenridge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5023-6837 0000-0001-5023-6837]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/295702208 295702208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55820267/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76004979|David Block]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76004979/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76005296|Juanita Bornman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76005296/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78456602|Veronica McKay]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78456602/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41693545|Murray Leibbrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q85863506|researcher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-8844 0000-0003-0829-8844]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4_jykaYAAAAJ 4_jykaYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/33108449 33108449]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Murray Leibbrandt.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41693545/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006138|Liesbeth Botha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006138/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006290|Rudie Botha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006290/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71104683|Willem Albert Hanekom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-1645 0000-0002-6788-1645]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GNFho0kAAAAJ GNFho0kAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76006527|André Boraine]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76006527/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79322762|Robert Clive Pattinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2640827|gynecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322762/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79322932|Michael Pepper]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79322932/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91001469|Vasu Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-2320 0000-0002-6004-2320]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/96897750 96897750]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91001469/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76007840|Sonja Bosch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76007840/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79756318|Ann Skelton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-8904 0000-0003-4320-8904]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ fIJ4Hs4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/117145542414196640961 117145542414196640961]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/261974215 261974215]
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Ann Skelton 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79756318/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76008234|Markus Böttcher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008234|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008234/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76008824|Paul Bowen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79757375|Beric William Skews]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79757375/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76008996|Daniel Bradlow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76008996/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76874208|Lawrence Hamilton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76874208/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q72116776|Igle Gledhill]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-0290 0000-0001-6171-0290]
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Igle Gledhill 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72116776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78748626|Alphose Zingoni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/216080706 216080706]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/31487334 31487334]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AlphoseZingoni-Profile.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78748626/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78460617|Lirieka Meintjes-Van der Walt]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460617/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78460819|Barry Vincent Mendelow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78460819/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53808040|Michael T Davies-Coleman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-894X 0000-0001-5344-894X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/85647578 85647578]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78317156|Mzamo P Mangaliso]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78317156/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79614716|Christian Rogerson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11630517|tourism scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=froNhxcAAAAJ froNhxcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/27171337 27171337]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79614716/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15459092|Charles K. Brain]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/30825610 30825610]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57412559|Harold Annegarn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-4679 0000-0001-6653-4679]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57412559/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26704364|Saurabh Sinha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-3925 0000-0003-4634-3925]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=kxJhswgAAAAJ kxJhswgAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Saurabh Sinha.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26704364/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79615179|Andreas Roodt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7349-6436 0000-0002-7349-6436]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615179/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79327087|Francis Petersen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79327087/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55539279|Jacobus N. Eloff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-9842 0000-0003-1494-9842]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/63822206 63822206]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55539279/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61162044|Tahir S Pillay]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9982-9710 0000-0002-9982-9710]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61162044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79615924|Neil Roos]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79615924/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76300027|Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300027/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q90572902|Julian D May]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-8053 0000-0003-2334-8053]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34020082 34020082]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q90572902/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76300183|Walter T Claassen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76300183/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42420373|Guy F. Midgley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-0869 0000-0001-8264-0869]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/53146094231500331476 53146094231500331476]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79616313|Cornelia Roux]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79616313/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78607257|Letlhokwa Mpedi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607257/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78607481|Renosi Mokate]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/2027459 2027459]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78607481/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76301029|Peter Eiddon Cleaton-Jones]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/273754832 273754832]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76301029/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78463759|Rajend Mesthrie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nO9azssAAAAJ nO9azssAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/79341 79341]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78463759/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43142591|Eno E. Ebenso]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0411-9258 0000-0002-0411-9258]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bljjT44AAAAJ bljjT44AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/517162664578255002986 517162664578255002986]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43142591/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18201824|Bernie Fanaroff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18201824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60732379|Ivan Turok]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-2492 0000-0001-5520-2492]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bPUWRDsAAAAJ bPUWRDsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/239721967 239721967]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/27376645 27376645]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60732379/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69526864|Lise Korsten]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-7659 0000-0003-0232-7659]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N5Xy6m4AAAAJ N5Xy6m4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6903149296167980670000 6903149296167980670000]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69526864/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37377512|Taryn Young]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-081X 0000-0003-2406-081X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0cVz1SgAAAAJ 0cVz1SgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37377512/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78610632|Ebrahim Momoniat]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q102110912|Peter Dankelmann]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-7546 0000-0003-4376-7546]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jmeHpKUAAAAJ jmeHpKUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q102110912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58283307|Dorrit Posel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3343-875X 0000-0002-3343-875X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=KmbPFYQAAAAJ KmbPFYQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/284141636 284141636]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58283307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79620488|Justus Christiaan Roux]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79620488/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19646258|Lenore Manderson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-1790 0000-0002-7883-1790]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ DZ3P2ZMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51717767 51717767]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19646258/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78467666|Joseph Philip Michael]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467666/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80053570|Fiona Tregenna]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Qu0QFrYAAAAJ Qu0QFrYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053570/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45452887|Clive M. Gray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-901X 0000-0002-9293-901X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45452887/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78467894|John Robert Midgley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78467894/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80053967|Peter Doughtrey Tyson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1769780|Wiseman Nkuhlu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/21865680 21865680]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1769780/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20656400|Hoosen Coovadia]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70827557|Simon Henry Connell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-7245 0000-0001-6000-7245]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pVS2ZiMAAAAJ pVS2ZiMAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79622145|Heinz Rüther]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79622145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571276|Gita Ramjee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-6778 0000-0003-1524-6778]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23540990|Carolyn Hamilton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/5146242 5146242]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23540990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571456|Heidi L. Hudson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-2215 0000-0002-3274-2215]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/2917149068487565730007 2917149068487565730007]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571456/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571461|Heidi van Rooyen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-6098 0000-0002-6502-6098]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/309894208 309894208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571461/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571640|Jane Carruthers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4599 0000-0001-8210-4599]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/4128165628894642480006 4128165628894642480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/48310877 48310877]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571644|Jeanet Conradie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8120-6830 0000-0002-8120-6830]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571644/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571652|Jenny Hoobler]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571652/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80055925|Annél van Aswegen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80055925/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2637050|Mamphela Ramphele]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51848589 51848589]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mamphela Ramphele, 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2637050/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80056419|Hennie van Coller]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056419/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572405|Marion Bamford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-130X 0000-0003-0667-130X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WT8NxO0AAAAJ WT8NxO0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Marion Bamford.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572409|Maryke Labuschagne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2678 0000-0003-0593-2678]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572409/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80056637|Jan Horn van Heerden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80056637/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572458|Nicola Illing]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572458/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76596628|Rosalie Finlayson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596628/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76596720|Peter Folb]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76596720/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76164426|Jennifer Case]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76164426/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572827|Priscilla Baker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q43668003|analytical chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2670 0000-0002-8878-2670]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572827/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572832|Priscilla Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-9060 0000-0002-0432-9060]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572832/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572977|Sarah Nuttall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2248623|scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1607826|editor]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q19829999|cultural studies scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51871249 51871249]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572977/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572989|Sharon Fonn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6115-8707 0000-0001-6115-8707]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/53842901 53842901]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573017|Sharon Prince]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-5255 0000-0002-6975-5255]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573017/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573059|Soraya Seedat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-786X 0000-0002-5118-786X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573059/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993822|David Glasser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-722X 0000-0001-9510-722X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G8kEvt8AAAAJ G8kEvt8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/121088199 121088199]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993821|Diane Hildebrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-8855 0000-0001-7873-8855]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2SQ-120AAAAJ 2SQ-120AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34119349 34119349]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76410934|Van Zyl de Villiers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76410934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78573579|Charles Ngwena]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78573579/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48731884|Cherryl Walker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-6653 0000-0003-2523-6653]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/100272850 100272850]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48731884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575075|Penelope Moore]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575075/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71655038|Thomas Eugene Cloete]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71655038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55364145|Charlie M. Shackleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16529590|environmental scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-6136 0000-0002-8489-6136]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/173716516 173716516]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55364145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575532|Vishnu Padayachee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=itj6ex4AAAAJ itj6ex4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/35903953 35903953]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575532/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78431390|Delia Marshall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/3146574859938150080 3146574859938150080]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78431390/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575739|Bhekizizwe Peterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q28389|screenwriter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575739/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78575915|Imraan Valodia]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/46474023 46474023]
| 2017
| [[Fáìlì:Imraan Valodia UKZN - Informality and Urbanization (10070549606).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78575915/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30423489|Robert J. Wilkinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q432386|preacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-1800 0000-0002-2753-1800]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SqwGUN0AAAAJ SqwGUN0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/1106802 1106802]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30423489/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21341400|Maureen Coetzee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107292086|medical entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-866X 0000-0003-2019-866X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jbWH4QUAAAAJ jbWH4QUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55510058|Keymanthri Moodley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-4901 0000-0003-3404-4901]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/165745949 165745949]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55510058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61132838|Wim de Villiers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61132838/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56807736|Colleen T. Downs]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-1510 0000-0001-8334-1510]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56807736/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76126642|Duncan Brown]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76126642/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76127082|Martin Bucher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76127082/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49168166|Terence J. Robinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4891 0000-0002-4298-4891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LLaJvSEAAAAJ LLaJvSEAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64882689|Voster Muchenje]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7817-763X 0000-0001-7817-763X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNm2MyUAAAAJ uNm2MyUAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64882689/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78434764|David Mason]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79443968|Sekhar Ray]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79443968/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q67189799|Anthony Jide Afolayan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9111-6695 0000-0002-9111-6695]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q67189799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78435102|Judith Masters]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78435102/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60991028|George Ekama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PWje2ogAAAAJ PWje2ogAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/311249909 311249909]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71371411|Bernard Lategan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71371411/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850626|Mellony Graven]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-3959 0000-0002-8021-3959]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850626/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850682|Diane Grayson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850682/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850749|Gideon Petrus Greyvenstein]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850749/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76418250|David Dewar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418250/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850794|Nicolaas Johannes Grové]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850794/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76850844|Bao-Zhu Guo]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76850844/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28698134|George M. Branch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q5137366|cnidariologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3597-5150 0000-0003-3597-5150]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28698134/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76418424|Maarten de Wit]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13416354|mineralogist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9494-3207 0000-0002-9494-3207]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/93284350 93284350]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76418424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61857345|Marco A.G. Andreoli]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-2208 0000-0002-6688-2208]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61857345/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76274578|Nithaya Chetty]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3rl0mMwAAAAJ 3rl0mMwAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76274578/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78149098|Salome Kruger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78149098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76419491|Jan-Hendrik S. Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717266|Michael Charles Kew]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717994|Ayesha Kharsany]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0194 0000-0001-7457-0194]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Q7JcV_sAAAAJ Q7JcV_sAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717994/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75988391|Ann Bernstein]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75988391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80169885|Marié Philliphina Wissing]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80169885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75989011|Krish Bharuth-Ram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75989011/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11256815|David Mark Richardson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-8297 0000-0001-9574-8297]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Rdfu4uoAAAAJ Rdfu4uoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/85249968 85249968]
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79305934|Nicky Gopalan Padayachee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79305934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75990323|Ramesh Bharuthram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75990323/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77720360|Rifka Kfir]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720360/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79306387|Norman Pammenter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79739137|Vikash Sewram]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79739137/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77720857|Chaudry Khalique]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77720857/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43697544|Anthony I. Okoh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9770-085X 0000-0002-9770-085X]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43697544/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544531|Roseanne Diab]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3564-8320 0000-0002-3564-8320]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RAEK2eEAAAAJ RAEK2eEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/55645762 55645762]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544531/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544590|Daniela Cristina Stefan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16062369|oncologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-1209 0000-0001-5740-1209]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544598|Deborah Posel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544603|Dhayendre Moodley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-9631 0000-0003-1849-9631]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=C3rHZvsAAAAJ C3rHZvsAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544603/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79307973|Hugh Patterton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2904006|bioinformatician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79307973/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544654|Irma Eloff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q723682|dean]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/56298317 56298317]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Irma Eloff, Pretoria.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544654/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544660|Jeanetta du Plessis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-9409 0000-0003-0474-9409]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544677|Liesel Ebersöhn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/286769038 286769038]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544677/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544684|Lucinda Backwell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-3353 0000-0001-5816-3353]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Y17Xc5gAAAAJ Y17Xc5gAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/24351965 24351965]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lucinda Backwell (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544684/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544789|Rachel Chikwamba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2827-0734 0000-0003-2827-0734]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544789/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544799|Zodwa Dlamini]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-3646 0000-0002-8012-3646]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=nrCvvAQAAAAJ nrCvvAQAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:4 Zodwa Sobukwe with Dinilesizwe.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544878|Minrie Greeff]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0921-8463 0000-0003-0921-8463]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544878/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544965|Angela Mathee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544994|Anna Kramvis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3765 0000-0001-6006-3765]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544994/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76857461|Ariff Ahmed Hafejee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857461/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42545058|Nancy Phaswana-Mafuya]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9387-0432 0000-0001-9387-0432]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/169009503 169009503]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42545058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76857552|Fritz JW Hahne]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76857552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37643854|Gregory L. Blatch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-8577 0000-0003-0778-8577]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/272043681 272043681]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78155721|Loren Landau]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Hw4YkqoAAAAJ Hw4YkqoAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78155721/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2611579|Alan Whiteside]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-968X 0000-0003-1157-968X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/17511182 17511182]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2611579/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75994202|William Bishai]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-4118 0000-0002-8734-4118]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/48099989 48099989]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75994202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79742931|John Francis Sharpey-Schafer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79742931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78158001|Virna Leaner]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78158001/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55523379|Robert Morrell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-486X 0000-0002-6096-486X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/3152154075987911860009 3152154075987911860009]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55523379/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q450598|Lee Berger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q205375|inventor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Australopithecus africanus]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7629 0000-0002-0367-7629]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PpW_J88AAAAJ PpW_J88AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6169562 6169562]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lee Berger image 2006.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76428197|Leon Milner Theodore Dicks]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428197/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76428240|Thulani H Dlamini]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76428240/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78446682|Robert Mattes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-9385 0000-0003-0567-9385]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/19992713 19992713]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78446682/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76716731|Thomas Ford]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76716997|Richard Francis Fuggle]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716997/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79744635|W. R. Siegfried]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79744635/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76717085|Christoph Friedrich Garbers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76717085/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58119538|Kobus Maree]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5341297|educational psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9492-8445 0000-0002-9492-8445]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JRlauxMAAAAJ JRlauxMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/4592006 4592006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58119538/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79745070|Silvester Ron Simango]]''
| ''[[:d:Q14467526|linguist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-7146 0000-0001-5694-7146]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79745330|Ruth Simbao]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1792450|art historian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-7491 0000-0002-9640-7491]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/73694792 73694792]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79745330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q31736746|Herman Wasserman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-1989 0000-0002-2553-1989]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/32307710 32307710]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q31736746/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159581|Lesley Le Grange]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4zXjLu4AAAAJ 4zXjLu4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159581/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159586|Alison Lewis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yaaQvscAAAAJ yaaQvscAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/41609069 41609069]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159593|Attie Johannes Ligthelm]]''
| ''[[:d:Q27349|dentist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159593/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78159599|Elsabé Loots]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78159599/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141294|James Bull]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141294/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141448|Renier Adriaan Burger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141448/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79601606|Linda Marlene Richter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79601606/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141655|Stephanie Gail Burton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141655/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76141946|Faizal Bux]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76141946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79746428|Ratnamala Singh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79746428/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70376235|Carolyn Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3pcRNQYAAAAJ 3pcRNQYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70376235/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76864546|Raymond Haines]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76864546/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61110697|Jonathan Blackburn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-9595 0000-0001-8988-9595]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61110697/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75960209|Lewis David Ashwal]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7277-9007 0000-0001-7277-9007]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/2552235 2552235]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75960209/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56065756|Shabir A. Madhi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-0636 0000-0002-7629-0636]
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Shabir Madhi for Fundación Civio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79853945|Theodor John Stewart]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5955 0000-0002-2107-5955]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/15146153191805252771 15146153191805252771]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79133624|Cyril Thomas O’Connor]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79133624/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79134425|Chikwelu Larry Obi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/49027514 49027514]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134425/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43236424|Malcolm Collins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2055046|physiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-0480 0000-0002-2564-0480]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/90465309 90465309]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43236424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79134915|James Ogude]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79134915/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135040|Antonel Olckers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135040/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135291|Douglas William Oliver]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135291/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79135392|Gilbert Oke Martin Onwu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79135392/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79136108|Philip Onyebujoh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79136108/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75964658|Narend Baijnath]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75964658/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7339930|Rob Adam]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7339930/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2005877|Barney Pityana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-4622 0000-0003-4746-4622]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/19745919 19745919]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Barney Pityana.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2005877/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2150124|Richard M. Cowling]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-2685 0000-0003-3514-2685]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eH34bIQAAAAJ eH34bIQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34611234 34611234]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75965202|Yunus Ballim]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75965202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57078993|Claude Carignan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-6151 0000-0001-9089-6151]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/232336283 232336283]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20604661|Isabel Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5Uy2EH4AAAAJ 5Uy2EH4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/80589607 80589607]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20604661/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41076819|David Walwyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0545-0604 0000-0002-0545-0604]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41076819/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78416872|Chabani Manganyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416872/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78416981|Vincent Maphai]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78416981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78417090|Bice Martincigh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417090/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78417226|Adrian David Marais]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78417226/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28822985|Helen Rees]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1442-6734 0000-0003-1442-6734]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Zoi9JkkAAAAJ Zoi9JkkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/306342322 306342322]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:AP 150814 013(1).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28822985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56936419|Sagadevan Govindasamy Mundree]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-9250 0000-0002-4119-9250]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56936419/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15127748|Nicoli Nattrass]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5631 0000-0002-8422-5631]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XAekuekAAAAJ XAekuekAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/17279535 17279535]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15127748/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q32860776|Felix Dapare Dakora]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6896 0000-0002-9070-6896]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DW22bZEAAAAJ DW22bZEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/9379653 9379653]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55207368|Vanessa Watson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q91400171|planning theorist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q131062|urban planner]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-6891 0000-0001-9965-6891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Cc-drkAAAAAJ Cc-drkAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109342570 109342570]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55207368/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76400607|Mark Cotton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76400607/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76544846|Stephanus Ferreira]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544846/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76544856|Loretta Feris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16012028|legal scholar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76544856/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41800121|Johannes Wolfgang Fedderke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41800121/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401280|Robin Michael Crewe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401280/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Glenda Gray]]
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-5774 0000-0002-9510-5774]&lt;br/&gt;[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-1477 0000-0003-4649-1477]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/7933149919450906650009 7933149919450906650009]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Glenda Gray SA.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17579989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76545679|John Field]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76545679/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401538|Dennis Martin Davis]]''
| [[Adájọ́]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401538/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401656|Christian Rudolph de Beer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401656/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401845|Tilman Dedering]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401845/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76401978|John Wesley de Gruchy]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76401978/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76546145|Brian Figaji]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76546145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402037|Deon de Beer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402037/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402078|Cristiaan de Jager]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402078/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76402308|Erika de Wet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76402308/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55209372|Christian Pirk]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-7044 0000-0001-6821-7044]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55209372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75969884|Ahmed C. Bawa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/249897491 249897491]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7777608|Thebe Medupe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/1693149198285874940007 1693149198285874940007]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Thebe Medupe 330x220.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7777608|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7777608/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75970799|Solomon Benatar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75970799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75970799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22340726|Jennifer Thomson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0357 0000-0002-2243-0357]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/54380859 54380859]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60834357|Brian Warner]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063546|historian of science]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109805982 109805982]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39064731|Catriona Ida Macleod]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0992-3525 0000-0003-0992-3525]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VC911HsAAAAJ VC911HsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/107952396 107952396]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catriona ida macleod 2024 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39064731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39064731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40651155|Bavesh D. Kana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9713-3480 0000-0001-9713-3480]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40651155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40651155/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56798544|Karen J Hofman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-7220 0000-0001-9512-7220]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/8276162669509255500005 8276162669509255500005]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56798544|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56798544/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18161438|Salim Abdool Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-2133 0000-0002-4986-2133]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/273180719 273180719]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Slim portrait 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60980171|Eric Bateman]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tlz4ljIAAAAJ tlz4ljIAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60980171|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60980171/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20756981|Peter Vale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-9325 0000-0003-0805-9325]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/39521399 39521399]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Francis B. Nyamnjoh]]
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4702-8874 0000-0002-4702-8874]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ohr8cwUAAAAJ Ohr8cwUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/1454149198360374940001 1454149198360374940001]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/19657109 19657109]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71649506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77705176|Colin Kenyon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77705176/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75975187|G Michael Berger]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75975187/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71650707|Hendrik B. Geyer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5765350|Himla Soodyall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/48984131 48984131]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5765350/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76120757|Basil Brooke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76120757/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64876396|Genevieve Langdon]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-9787 0000-0002-0396-9787]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VUJsNCAAAAAJ VUJsNCAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/264171184898747771881 264171184898747771881]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64876396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383970|William Pick]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104858|Alan Weinberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104858/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79384070|Jaco Pienaar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384070/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79384214|Stuart Piketh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79384214/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80105423|Mark Charles Wentzel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80105423/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76934542|John Anthony Higgins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76934542/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4706174|Alan Bernstein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12119633|immunologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/16993076 16993076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4706174/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22006961|Valerie Mizrahi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839206|molecular biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-9115 0000-0003-4824-9115]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/8150380426913370197 8150380426913370197]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76935971|Michael Johan Richard Hoch]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76935971/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8022831|Wilmot James]]''
| [[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/112347314 112347314]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wilmot James, South African academic.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q8022831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79963775|Petro Terblanche]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864835|biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-6794 0000-0003-2789-6794]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/75975312 75975312]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79963775/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39885100|Aletta E. Schutte]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-4937 0000-0001-9217-4937]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f1oels0AAAAJ f1oels0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76938511|Sarah Howie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76938511/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941005|Henk Huismans]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941005/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941326|Brian John Huntley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Brian John Huntley.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941326/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76941472|Gregory Dudley Hussey]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76941472/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70021562|Michael Chapman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17167049|literary scholar]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/285056306 285056306]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70021562/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61083095|Yahya E Choonara]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-1529 0000-0002-3889-1529]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CjSwcTAAAAAJ CjSwcTAAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61083095/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79969535|Mark Tomlinson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79969535/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38304462|Robert P. Millar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2708 0000-0003-3606-2708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/94387090 94387090]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391384|Ernesta M Meintjes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-3632 0000-0002-0781-3632]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391384/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391519|Sunil D. Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-2849 0000-0002-1967-2849]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2695985|Francis Wilson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1227195|political economist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/110483305 110483305]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2695985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43496916|Michael J. Samways]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-6025 0000-0003-4237-6025]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/94489949 94489949]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75935333|Ralph Adendorff]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935333/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75935715|Jimi Adesina]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75935715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79396179|Laurence Piper]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396179/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79396382|Chris Pistorius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79396382/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57915745|Thaddeus Metz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2408 0000-0001-9861-2408]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/293090676 293090676]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57915745/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69449514|Mary Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q60244908|plant physiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9537 0000-0001-5762-9537]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qNlkIIMAAAAJ qNlkIIMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/177145857889223021078 177145857889223021078]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79397317|Zacharias Andries Pretorius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79397317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71756807|Pieter Streicher Steyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71756807/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42778663|Robert J. Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-6935 0000-0001-5537-6935]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WR7VpKUAAAAJ WR7VpKUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/71468733 71468733]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71036026|Mohamed Iqbal Parker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71036026/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30668464|Marie-Louise Newell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-7699 0000-0002-1074-7699]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ah5tHvAAAAAJ ah5tHvAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/27240622 27240622]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30668464/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27929667|Keyan Tomaselli]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-0726 0000-0002-2995-0726]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/50433739 50433739]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q27929667/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20721396|Anna-Lise Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-1200 0000-0002-5467-1200]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76082950|Paul Andries Brink]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76082950/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58640036|Umezuruike Linus Opara]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8056-7215 0000-0001-8056-7215]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58640036/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39754563|Tania S. Douglas]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-4179 0000-0003-2024-4179]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39754563/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79401740|Bernard Alexander Prior]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401740/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79401813|Hugh Wynford Pritchard]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8bTVuI8AAAAJ 8bTVuI8AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79401813/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q44080605|Arvin Bhana]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-0108 0000-0003-4235-0108]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/100813167 100813167]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q44080605/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57920963|Montaz Ali]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0864-8146 0000-0003-0864-8146]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57920963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70607931|Nicholas Biekpe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70607931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79402317|Otto Walter Prozesky]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43071830|Pascal O Bessong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-272X 0000-0003-0561-272X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4FXKRpYAAAAJ 4FXKRpYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43071830/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3136965|Njabulo Ndebele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/92057221 92057221]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Malala Yousafzai - Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3136965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q3136965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42784019|Kevin J. Naidoo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3708 0000-0002-9898-3708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/65994373 65994373]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71041558|Nigel Charles Bennett]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71041558/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58066291|Harald Winkler]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-4071 0000-0002-5826-4071]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/292276827 292276827]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58066291/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1162163|olùdarí]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-9926 0000-0002-4590-9926]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QUpAXHcAAAAJ QUpAXHcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6031160486121605180005 6031160486121605180005]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79837146|Dirk Smit]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837146/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6742987|Malegapuru William Makgoba]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/78414868 78414868]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:MakgobaHillLecture.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6742987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79837241|Marius Smuts]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79837241/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76955252|Nelson Ijumba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76955252/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79839311|Hendrik Christoffel Snyman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79839311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42067412|Helena Kuivaniemi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-8766 0000-0001-5753-8766]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6862149108608968780000 6862149108608968780000]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42067412/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6745901|Mamokgethi Phakeng]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-0403 0000-0002-8911-0403]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/21621571 21621571]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mamokgethi Phakeng - Kgethi.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6745901/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60377213|Louis J. Kotzé]]''
| ''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-168X 0000-0001-5820-168X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_awP9R0AAAAJ _awP9R0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/100343038 100343038]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60377213/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48699455|Ruksana Osman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-470X 0000-0002-0779-470X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=U29GvYcAAAAJ U29GvYcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/305368366 305368366]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48699455/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79407673|Douglas Eric Rawlings]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79407673/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42212089|Laetitia Rispel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q189603|public health]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7806-6331 0000-0001-7806-6331]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/11877401 11877401]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212089/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42212160|Heather Zar]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-759X 0000-0002-9046-759X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zBfcLygAAAAJ zBfcLygAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/15152023633803310918 15152023633803310918]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42212160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76959045|David Steve Jacobs]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16831394|mammalogist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76959045/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70615870|Evance Kalula]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2299-3093 0000-0003-2299-3093]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70615870/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24049150|Adrian Paterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-4096 0000-0003-3427-4096]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q24049150/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26211942|Catherine Odora Hoppers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5324-7371 0000-0001-5324-7371]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qWEKG-QAAAAJ qWEKG-QAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/23844553 23844553]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Catherine Odora-Hoppers in 2015 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26211942/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28086200|Geoff Garrett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/52270408 52270408]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Geoff Garrett CS6 270116-lg.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420066|David Randle Woods]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79122775|Jo MF Noero]]''
| ''[[:d:Q42973|architect]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79122775/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420322|Laurence Stuart Wright]]''
| ''[[:d:Q6673651|literary scholar]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-3399 0000-0003-2988-3399]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/299549856 299549856]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420322/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420515|Xiaohua Xia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420515/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29961035|Rangan Gupta]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-3428 0000-0001-5002-3428]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/311484094 311484094]
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29961035/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76960486|Hilary Janks]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76960646|HCJ Janse van Rensburg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76960646/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79123203|Odireleng Martin Ntwaeaborwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79123203/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80420751|Hong-Kun Xu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80420751/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5019897|Calie Pistorius]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Calie Pistorius.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76528517|Petra Engelbrecht]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528517/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76961155|Jonathan D. Jansen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/21339000 21339000]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jonathan Jansen at Cornerstone 2017.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76961155/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76528891|Patrick George Eriksson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76528891/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56489486|William Froneman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olùkọ̀wé]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-1355 0000-0003-0615-1355]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G5tEQu4AAAAJ G5tEQu4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56489486/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79845832|Cristina Trois]]''
| ''[[:d:Q19377727|environmental engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-2241 0000-0003-2094-2241]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79845832/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76529981|Theunis Erasmus]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76529997|Arthur George Every]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76529997/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58220468|Francesco Petruccione]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-0913 0000-0002-8604-0913]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=chM4fT4AAAAJ chM4fT4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51907883 51907883]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Francesco Petruccione blazer.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q696676|Arnold van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/557157771966848930006 557157771966848930006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q696676/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61104159|Duncan Mitchell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-4773 0000-0001-8989-4773]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79846316|Moses Basitere]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79846316/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76530761|Jill Margaret Farrant]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76530985|Aslam Fataar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76530985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55195820|Christopher D. McQuaid]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-8308 0000-0002-3473-8308]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uNl9g6wAAAAJ uNl9g6wAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55195820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75957491|Peter Alexander]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2306091|sociologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75957491/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30111631|Keertan Dheda]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017632|pulmonologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-5341 0000-0001-7709-5341]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/22153893603102290470 22153893603102290470]
| 2019
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Keertan Dheda.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q30111631/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71776876|Muchie Mammo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105572010|political economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/4877592 4877592]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71776876/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75959277|Christopher Charles Appleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959277/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42656226|Lyn-Marie Birkholtz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5888-2905 0000-0001-5888-2905]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9M4eZYMAAAAJ 9M4eZYMAAAAJ]
| 
| 2018
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42656226/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75959947|Reinhard Richard Arndt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/218352847 218352847]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75959947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56497085|Alan Christoffels]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0420-2916 0000-0002-0420-2916]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56497085/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573056|Sheona Shackleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-9070 0000-0002-6133-9070]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yYKI71sAAAAJ yYKI71sAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/170915649 170915649]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573056/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573200|Tamara Shefer]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1201-8043 0000-0002-1201-8043]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r4CTJqAAAAAJ r4CTJqAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/78535658 78535658]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573246|Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573246/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573244|Theresa Coetzer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-3808 0000-0003-0706-3808]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f8CmCSsAAAAJ f8CmCSsAAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42573294|Olive Shisana]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-9145 0000-0001-7566-9145]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aVpgLdQAAAAJ aVpgLdQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/64244770 64244770]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42573294/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37383962|Winston Hide]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-3271 0000-0002-8621-3271]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37383962/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q36519401|Bernard Slippers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-3858 0000-0003-1491-3858]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=047C24MAAAAJ 047C24MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/232260155 232260155]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36519401/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47765603|Maano Ramutsindela]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-5892 0000-0003-0918-5892]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/107045455 107045455]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47765603/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79771790|Robert Slotow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79771790/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76167707|Philip Allan Charles]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76167707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76168295|Michael Cherry]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76168295/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5092799|Cheryl de la Rey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cheryl de la Rey.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39693728|Charles Parry]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-2785 0000-0001-9787-2785]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39693728/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54254936|Kelly Chibale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-646X 0000-0002-4541-646X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BAk6GbcAAAAJ BAk6GbcAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:2025UniLeiden450-4.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56850219|Suprakas Sinha Ray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0007-2595 0000-0002-0007-2595]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NlGhT4oAAAAJ NlGhT4oAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/249814531 249814531]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850219/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56850306|Andrew Forbes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-5586 0000-0003-2552-5586]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/172612019 172612019]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56850306/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71267784|Deresh Ramjugernath]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-7846 0000-0003-3447-7846]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1AIPLBYAAAAJ 1AIPLBYAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109148449566415690155 109148449566415690155]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71267784/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76602323|Charles Fombad]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76602323/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42145855|Jane Catherine Ngila]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-4567 0000-0002-0121-4567]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNc4NEYAAAAJ NNc4NEYAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jane Catherine Ngila World Intellectual Property Day 2023 &quot;Women in Science – Shaping the Future&quot; Roundtable (52853221649).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42145855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57283872|Rachel Wynberg]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-9759 0000-0002-2984-9759]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/221289195 221289195]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57283872/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42146216|Miriam Adhikari]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42146216/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Khotso Mokhele]]
| ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q72855367/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78910667|Jan Neels]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78910667/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48923762|Rashid Hassan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=B9BihLsAAAAJ B9BihLsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/74908770 74908770]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48923762/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78479038|Philemon Mphathi Mjwara]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-2089 0000-0002-3651-2089]
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:9th BRICS STI Senior Officials Meeting (48756384933).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78479038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7403839|Saleem Badat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/272819134 272819134]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7403839/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42293328|Patricia Ann Whitelock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-4432 0000-0002-4678-4432]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/24755014 24755014]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60170766|Robert de Mello Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-6242 0000-0001-8129-6242]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60170766/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q340234|Achille Mbembe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371925|announcer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/112932779 112932779]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Achille Mbembe 2.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q340234/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7837812|Trefor Jenkins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/46916068 46916068]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Trefor Jenkins00.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56999820|Olubukola O Babalola]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1569495|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15253558|activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17989045|vice president]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-1909 0000-0003-4344-1909]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=rmHHG2UAAAAJ rmHHG2UAAAAJ]
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56999820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76462978|Kathy Driver]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9349-9661 0000-0001-9349-9661]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lnfKLxEAAAAJ lnfKLxEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/281923889 281923889]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76462978/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463215|Themba Dube]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463215/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463296|Norman Duncan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463296/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463715|Lourens Marthinus du Plessis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q68246057|Kieka Mynhardt]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-676X 0000-0001-6981-676X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J81e5Q8AAAAJ J81e5Q8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/317148208 317148208]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q68246057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76463789|Willemien du Plessis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76463789/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71850422|James Darkwa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71850422/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76464637|Anton Eberhard]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76464637/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71274564|Fazal Mahmood Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19661724|Lyn Wadley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-0813 0000-0003-0053-0813]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bK8F68UAAAAJ bK8F68UAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/59117828 59117828]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78916493|Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371378|ethnologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K_TTLasAAAAJ K_TTLasAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/22108228 22108228]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78916493/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57002842|Andre Strydom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2117-5921 0000-0002-2117-5921]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57002842/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70122331|Paramu Mafongoya]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1781198|agronomist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-7767 0000-0002-2918-7767]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Jam6-qsAAAAJ Jam6-qsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/13524668 13524668]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70122331/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39271355|Brian Harvey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-7894 0000-0002-9864-7894]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271355/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39271374|Rajkumar Ramesar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-1634 0000-0001-5688-1634]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39271374/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78629970|Vincent Clifford Moran]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58158094|Garth Stevens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1113899|clinical psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q462390|docent]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-0471 0000-0002-4285-0471]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=grAIOY0AAAAJ grAIOY0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/32321807 32321807]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58158094/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57869901|Gary Stevens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1593-9419 0000-0003-1593-9419]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57869901/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630482|Alan G Morris]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630482/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630729|Johann Mouton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hs9R5SIAAAAJ hs9R5SIAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630729/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78630987|Jeffrey Mphahlele]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78630987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43165660|Edward Rybicki]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9911 0000-0001-8024-9911]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/8027168049010038410006 8027168049010038410006]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78198987|Christopher Cuthber Posela Madiba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78198987/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78199182|Nomathemba Virginia Magi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78199182/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78200124|Duma Enoch Malaza]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200124/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78200511|Johannes Albertus Geldenhuys Malherbe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1327130|electronics technician]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78200511/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046047|Pragasen Pillay]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4pcRZs0AAAAJ 4pcRZs0AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046047/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41583107|Mohamed Seedat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9018-3370 0000-0001-9018-3370]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41583107/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046054|Wieland Gevers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046054/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046057|Sibusiso Sibisi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046066|B. Daya Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/108617120 108617120]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Daya Reddy 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43024855|Don Cowan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-861X 0000-0001-8059-861X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/5256169639277196580003 5256169639277196580003]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43024855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4819906|Chris Brink]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/62228603 62228603]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47205984|Antoinette Lombard]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7019111|social worker]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q8142883|criminologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47205984/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6694525|Loyiso Nongxa]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8833 0000-0002-7069-8833]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=1slz3CoAAAAJ 1slz3CoAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6694525/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28320142|Charles Shey Wiysonge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-4779 0000-0002-1273-4779]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28320142/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78635852|Bangilizwe Mqeke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78635852/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56722047|Albert T Modi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-1721 0000-0002-6887-1721]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/313495373 313495373]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56722047/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57010385|Charles Feldman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6881-8314 0000-0002-6881-8314]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57010385/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78636399|Abraham Muasya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636399/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78636572|John Cantius Mubangizi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78636572/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7849622|Tshilidzi Marwala]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1906857|mechanical engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BTVVLk0AAAAJ BTVVLk0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6459149068376565730001 6459149068376565730001]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tshilidzi Marwala 20230801.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7849622/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80079312|Willem Francois Petrus van Heerden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079312/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78638269|Johan Pieter Muller]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78638269/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80079982|Paul David van Helden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80079982/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5111630|Christof Heyns]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/71553415 71553415]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:UNSR Christof Heyns speaks at the Member States briefing on the project to develop recommendations for managing peaceful protests (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5111630/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4679172|Adam Habib]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q222344|cinematographer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/270259342 270259342]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dr. Adam Habib, University of Natal.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4679172/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80080147|Albert van Jaarsveld]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_gctYysAAAAJ _gctYysAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080147/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80080649|Anton Albert van Niekerk]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80080649/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69988844|Jean M.S. Lubuma]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69988844/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53697704|Mike M Sathekge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2806-0625 0000-0002-2806-0625]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/3495158005997502100008 3495158005997502100008]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53697704/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78639158|David Mycock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78639158/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46200956|Bhekie B. Mamba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-2579 0000-0003-2534-2579]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LrpKtfgAAAAJ LrpKtfgAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46200956/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80081069|Frederik van Niekerk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80081069/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7563912|Sospeter Muhongo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q83307|minister]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/306102304 306102304]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sospeter Muhongo IAEA.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7563912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q36687101|Teresa A. Coutinho]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3746192|phytopathologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-4343 0000-0002-3227-4343]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q36687101/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79649912|Roelf Feenstra Sandenbergh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q27947380|metallurgical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-5954 0000-0003-0594-5954]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79649912/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59610311|Shireen Hassim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15319501|social scientist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/10088136 10088136]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59610311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80082536|Brian W. Van Wilgen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-7521 0000-0002-1536-7521]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5FfLX_4AAAAJ 5FfLX_4AAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56150824|Carolus Johannes Reinecke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/306172207 306172207]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56150824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79075772|Phuthi E Ngoepe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79075772/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79076052|Ojelanki Ngwenyama]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79076052/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79652950|Mamadou Sango]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79652950/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46205941|Leslie Swartz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-5897 0000-0003-1741-5897]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/164943892 164943892]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q46205941/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q62064990|Brij Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901402|geographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1266-2231 0000-0003-1266-2231]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lZG7jMoAAAAJ lZG7jMoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/38813774 38813774]
| 2019
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q62064990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79654039|Christopher Saunders]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654039/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5262482|Derek Yach]]''
| ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q24017732|public health scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-1457 0000-0003-1424-1457]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9Yk8-oEAAAAJ 9Yk8-oEAAAAJ]&lt;br/&gt;[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VXtuEqAAAAAJ VXtuEqAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/18783190 18783190]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Derek yach.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5262482/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79654325|Maria Schoeman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79654325/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087071|Jacobus Daniel van Wyk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087071/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087693|Christopher Vaughan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087693/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087808|Daniel Verwoerd]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087808/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80087885|Zeblon Zenzele Vilakaz]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80087885/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80088005|Karel Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088005/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80088190|Frans Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80088190/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29052586|Brenda Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1519 0000-0002-6189-1519]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79944675|Bohua Sun]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79944675/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q41596279|Johan van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2462658|manager]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Johan Van Zyl 1 (Toyota Motors Europe) at Toyota Press Conference IAA 2017 by Nicolas Völcker.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q41596279/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79945707|Hendrik Swart]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45345034|Malose Jack Mphahlele]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6018-5671 0000-0002-6018-5671]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q45345034/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79945878|Christiaan F Swanepoel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79945878/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79657655|Barry David Schoub]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79657655/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946125|Frans Swanepoel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q107369298|sustainability scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15978655|consultant]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946125/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946477|Gerald Edwin Swan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946604|Edward Sturrock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80090874|Louise Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80090874/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091205|Sibusiso Vil-Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091205/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091417|Daniel Visser]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091417/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79947307|Rolf Heinrich Stumpf]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79947307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091519|Renuka Vithal]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57889447|Shane A Norris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-3788 0000-0001-7124-3788]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889447/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70720643|Mike Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2487799|mycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-2009 0000-0001-9346-2009]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wT4V7isAAAAJ wT4V7isAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/14989035 14989035]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/22155914471039401883 22155914471039401883]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80091772|Wilma Viviers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q188094|economist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80091772/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1086728|Christopher Henshilwood]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17488316|prehistorian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-293X 0000-0002-2818-293X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vYE3hmAAAAAJ vYE3hmAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/14306558 14306558]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Csh Blombos 2017 v2.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1086728/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57889897|Andre P Kengne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-131X 0000-0002-5183-131X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/310750363 310750363]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57889897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56015824|Alfred Botha]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0988-647X 0000-0003-0988-647X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56015824/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70721384|Jacek Banasiak]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3381-0774 0000-0003-3381-0774]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NNmEQjQAAAAJ NNmEQjQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51985030 51985030]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70721384/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1952473|Thumbi Ndung'u]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-3992 0000-0003-2962-3992]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/306421897 306421897]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1952473/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57890766|Johann Kirsten]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0770-9648 0000-0003-0770-9648]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/67650643 67650643]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57890766/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79660900|Roland Schulze]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42177417|Anna Coutsoudis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42177417/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77643715|Neil Jarvis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Neil Victor Jarvis (05610234) (51419910229).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77643802|Mohamed S Jeenah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77643802/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42178276|Renée Kraan-Korteweg]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-6250 0000-0002-0202-6250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/272584657 272584657]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644158|Branislav Jeremic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/3554314 3554314]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644158/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79950929|Christopher Stroud]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/36109902 36109902]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79950929/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43188044|Willem Heber van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-353X 0000-0001-8195-353X]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60055963|João P. Rodrigues]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-3845 0000-0002-1980-3845]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644777|Eugene Llewellyn Julies]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644777/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42323167|Caroline Tiemessen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0991-1690 0000-0002-0991-1690]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42323167/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91052641|John Parkington]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-6826 0000-0001-6127-6826]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tk-A4MsAAAAJ tk-A4MsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/36952076 36952076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77644853|Ashraf Kagee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-2566 0000-0003-1241-2566]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77644853/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951611|Anton Ströh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951611/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951700|Pieter Helenius Stoker]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951700/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79951875|Nthoana Tau-Mzamane]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79951875/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77645289|Michael Kahn]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77645289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60633415|Leickness Chisamu Simbayi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-4092 0000-0001-6136-4092]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8JN3wDIAAAAJ 8JN3wDIAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/10088158 10088158]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60633415/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78222841|Tinyiko Maluleke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78222841/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097315|Sebastiaan von Solms]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097315/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097547|Hester Vorster]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2576499|nutritionist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/163644131 163644131]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80097761|Yusef Waghid]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1231865|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-824X 0000-0003-2565-824X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/45355860 45355860]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80097761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76493965|Fred Ellery]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2560911|physical geographer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SLRs89YAAAAJ SLRs89YAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76493965/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79233222|Frederick Mark Orkin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79233222/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56598884|Anastassios Pouris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5367-2498 0000-0002-5367-2498]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=O0cg2GwAAAAJ O0cg2GwAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/73623450 73623450]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56598884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77791882|Duard Godfried Kleyn]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77791882/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42181924|Viness Pillay]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8119-3347 0000-0002-8119-3347]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RSfUGncAAAAJ RSfUGncAAAAJ]
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42181924/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76926947|Ronald Harley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/192970031 192970031]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77647971|Steven Karataglidis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77647971/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76927153|Susan Thérèse Largier Harrison]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76927153/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77792183|Hester Klopper]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-7586 0000-0001-9808-7586]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/61195592 61195592]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77792183/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76350522|John Darrell Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76350522/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42182322|Jill Adler]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/65809739 65809739]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42182322/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79089855|Mokubung Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79089855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59050386|Marissa Rollnick]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-8683 0000-0002-9543-8683]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/60684003 60684003]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59050386/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51697828|Kathryn H. Myburgh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-2120 0000-0003-4501-2120]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DXNUiEEAAAAJ DXNUiEEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/205963403 205963403]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1382575|Mark Solms]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3410028|psychoanalyst]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q6337803|neuroscientist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vD4p8rQAAAAJ vD4p8rQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/22297525 22297525]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mark Solms 2008.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1382575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q517589|Richard Goldstone]]''
| [[Adájọ́]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[amòfin]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/117719743 117719743]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Richard Goldstone.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q517589/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57897506|Jeremy Seekings]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-412X 0000-0002-8029-412X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/39593744 39593744]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57897506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80099721|Melanie Walker]]''
| ''[[:d:Q88011130|educational researcher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-6380 0000-0002-7859-6380]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VqfZMP4AAAAJ VqfZMP4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/29868729 29868729]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099721/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76351351|Neville Raymond Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351351/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76351372|Ernst Conradie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1234713|theologian]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76351372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80099861|Qing-Guo Wang]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-3716 0000-0002-3672-3716]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/116302464 116302464]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80099861/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793537|Horst Helmut Klump]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793851|Klaus Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-4406 0000-0003-3845-4406]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76352178|Jacobus Conradie]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76352178/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76785769|Nicolaas Claudius Gey van Pittius]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76785769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18685421|Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-5080 0000-0002-9786-5080]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/27342603 27342603]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, West Coast Fossil Park tour.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78660593|Vinasan Naidoo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78660593/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77795657|Carolina Koornhof]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77795657/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77796013|Girish J Kotwal]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77796013/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76786831|Rob Gous]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76786831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76787034|Amanda Gouws]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-3944 0000-0003-1260-3944]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=dxK0dqsAAAAJ dxK0dqsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/2096165628883842480006 2096165628883842480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/44531414 44531414]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76787034/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931424|Driekie Hay-Swemmer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931424/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78661696|Jean B Nachenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78661696/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61793884|John R. N. Taylor]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-2093 0000-0002-9714-2093]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/1665159477683527990001 1665159477683527990001]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61793884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931737|Manfred Armin Hellberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47809492|Crick Lund]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5159-8220 0000-0002-5159-8220]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/282940674 282940674]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q47809492/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51846346|Renfrew Christie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20826540|scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/62928676 62928676]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931931|Fred Thomas Hendricks]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931931/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78662033|Gonasageran Naidoo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78662033/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1675344|Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/1150577 1150577]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1675344/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104074|Paula Watt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q104154725|plant biotechnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-1806 0000-0002-6253-1806]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104074/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80104194|Stefan Weiss]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80104194/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1387629|George F. R. Ellis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0629 0000-0001-8484-0629]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109637661 109637661]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Ellis 0040.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79095290|Stella M. Nkomo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q108929301|scholar in residence]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095290/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383720|Samuel George Harker Philande]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383720/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79095442|Dion Nkomo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79095442/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76788759|Kesh Govinder]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76788759/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79383865|Ian Phimister]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79383865/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78663066|Luigi Renzo Nassimbeni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78663066/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>j2t734hqnwm9oz4mryrmcryk8w23q9h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622236</id>
      <parentid>621246</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T07:55:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622236</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="70390" sha1="rwdipb4s6vfphac2cr1ondb01381m7q" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q60986464 Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa] 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q60986464 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item|section=
|sort=P166/Q60986464/P585
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q60986464/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Date conferred
! Image
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81710423|Joseph P. Michael]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81710423|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81710423/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80701780|Donald A. Cowan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80701780|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80701780/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1162163|olùdarí]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-9926 0000-0002-4590-9926]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QUpAXHcAAAAJ QUpAXHcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6031160486121605180005 6031160486121605180005]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81711757|Graham Mitchell]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81711757|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81711757/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42931372|Bert Klumperman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-274X 0000-0003-1561-274X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/313554514 313554514]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42931372|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42931372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77820561|Fazal M. Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q72271334|professor of mathematics]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-5820 0000-0002-6995-5820]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=phJrkvwAAAAJ phJrkvwAAAAJ]
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77820561|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77820561/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1267093|Elisabeth Vrba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/85250115 85250115]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/93322823 93322823]
| 1985
| [[Fáìlì:Elisabeth Vrba 2009-02.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1267093|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1267093/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83012615|Nikolaas J van der Merwe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1984
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83012615|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83012615/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20731808|Grae Worster]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20731808|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20731808/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83158893|David Woods]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83158893|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83158893/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28086200|Geoff Garrett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/52270408 52270408]
| 2000
| [[Fáìlì:Geoff Garrett CS6 270116-lg.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83159139|Walter Zucchini]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/2722490 2722490]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83159139|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83159139/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5019897|Calie Pistorius]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Calie Pistorius.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61679353|Dudley Shallcross]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-9221 0000-0001-7614-9221]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=igQanooAAAAJ igQanooAAAAJ]
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61679353|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61679353/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58220468|Francesco Petruccione]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-0913 0000-0002-8604-0913]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=chM4fT4AAAAJ chM4fT4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51907883 51907883]
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Francesco Petruccione blazer.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61104159|Duncan Mitchell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-4773 0000-0001-8989-4773]
| 
| 
| 1984
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81144632|Arnold Knopfmacher]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81144632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81144632/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80568773|Ronald J. Clarke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80568773|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80568773/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80569011|John D. Clemens]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569011|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569011/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80569202|T. Eugene Cloete]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fOUypFkAAAAJ fOUypFkAAAAJ]
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81146665|Rosina C. Krecek]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81146665|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81146665/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81147058|Peter G.L. Leach]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81147828|Richard H. Lemmer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15839341|Jill Farrant]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839136|cell biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-7967 0000-0002-1450-7967]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OIeulVQAAAAJ OIeulVQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/275262507 275262507]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15839341|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15839341/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56065756|Shabir A. Madhi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-0636 0000-0002-7629-0636]
| 
| 
| 2016
| [[Fáìlì:Shabir Madhi for Fundación Civio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759640|Margaret Levyns]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1907198|taxonomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q47825396|phytogeographer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/76028114 76028114]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Margaret Rutherford Bryan Levyns.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6759640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6759640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79853945|Theodor John Stewart]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5955 0000-0002-2107-5955]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/15146153191805252771 15146153191805252771]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82016605|Harald Pasch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1132-3393 0000-0003-1132-3393]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/116848382 116848382]
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82016605|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82016605/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23772750|Herbert Basil Sutton Cooke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/79388488 79388488]
| 1946
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23772750|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23772750/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2150124|Richard M. Cowling]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-2685 0000-0003-3514-2685]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eH34bIQAAAAJ eH34bIQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34611234 34611234]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57078993|Claude Carignan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-6151 0000-0001-9089-6151]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/232336283 232336283]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81732311|Luigi R. Nassimbeni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81732311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81732311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435053|Janine B. Adams]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435053|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435053/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435477|Christopher C. Appleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435477|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435992|D. Margaret Avery]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16831394|mammalogist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-7047 0000-0003-0784-7047]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/311367956 311367956]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435992|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435992/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80436020|Len J. Barbour]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80436020|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80436020/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81733608|Vernon M. Neppe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81733608|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81733608/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23777458|Patricia Berjak]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/43105677 43105677]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23777458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23777458/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81013097|Peter W. Froneman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81013097|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81013097/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4891802|Beric Skews]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4891802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4891802/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q32860776|Felix Dapare Dakora]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6896 0000-0002-9070-6896]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DW22bZEAAAAJ DW22bZEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/9379653 9379653]
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79427702|Keith P. Klugman]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-728X 0000-0001-6637-728X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=T-mgWmkAAAAJ T-mgWmkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/5261457 5261457]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79427702|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79427702/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23778547|Peter B. Best]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/16138947 16138947]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23778547|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23778547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q712043|Arthur William Rogers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/17978036 17978036]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q712043|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q712043/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80438063|Guy C. Bate]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80438063|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80438063/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81014873|Andrew K. Galwey]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81014873|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81014873/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81015192|Christoph F. Garbers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81015192|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81015192/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75969884|Ahmed C. Bawa]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/249897491 249897491]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52758677|Susan W. Nicolson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-9383 0000-0001-6024-9383]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/19932833 19932833]
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52758677|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52758677/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42666979|Steven L. Chown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-5105 0000-0001-6069-5105]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/64258857 64258857]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42666979|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42666979/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29981691|Nigel C. Bennett]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-2947 0000-0001-9748-2947]
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29981691|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29981691/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22340726|Jennifer Thomson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0357 0000-0002-2243-0357]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/54380859 54380859]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60834357|Brian Warner]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063546|historian of science]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109805982 109805982]
| 1976
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18161438|Salim Abdool Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-2133 0000-0002-4986-2133]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/273180719 273180719]
| 2003
| [[Fáìlì:Slim portrait 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20756981|Peter Vale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-9325 0000-0003-0805-9325]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/39521399 39521399]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80444317|Kanti D. Bhoola]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80444317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80444317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71650707|Hendrik B. Geyer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82175664|Michael Perrin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82175664|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82175664/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6775598|Martin Hall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/117559096 117559096]
| 2001
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Martin Hall.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6775598|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6775598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21392406|Richard Vernon Dingle]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21484199|ostracodologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1983
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21392406|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21392406/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81511934|Marcelo P. Loewe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81511934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81511934/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81512201|John E. Lowther]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81512201|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81512201/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19519928|Henda C. Swart]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/7895173973184923810009 7895173973184923810009]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19519928|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19519928/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21394246|William Wardlaw Thompson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4205432|ichthyologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21394246|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21394246/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78629970|Vincent Clifford Moran]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80936790|Paul de Villiers du Plessis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80936790|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80936790/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80937821|Patrick G. Eriksson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80937821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80937821/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80938027|Arthur G. Every]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938027|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938027/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80938181|Melvin Faierman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938181|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938181/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43165660|Edward Rybicki]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9911 0000-0001-8024-9911]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/8027168049010038410006 8027168049010038410006]
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15485098|Michael William Feast]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-1630 0000-0002-8908-1630]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34323769 34323769]
| 1982
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15485098|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15485098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60610431|Brian R. Allanson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3640160|marine biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/45581243 45581243]
| 1968
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60610431|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60610431/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939015|John G. Field]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939015|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939015/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939244|John S. Field]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939244|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939459|Peter I. Folb]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/10782647 10782647]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939459|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939459/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q348933|Isaac Schapera]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/108544741 108544741]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Isaac Schapera, c1950s.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q348933|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q348933/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80653014|John D. Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80653014|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80653014/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046038|Pieter Steyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046041|Douglas Butterworth]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046041|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046041/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046058|Lionel Opie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/59161562 59161562]
| 1983
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046066|B. Daya Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/108617120 108617120]
| 1992
| [[Fáìlì:Daya Reddy 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4819906|Chris Brink]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/62228603 62228603]
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82533058|Raymond Pollard]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82533058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82533058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80082536|Brian W. Van Wilgen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-7521 0000-0002-1536-7521]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5FfLX_4AAAAJ 5FfLX_4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71576562|Neil John Coville]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71576562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71576562/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20831540|Judith Sealy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-8211 0000-0001-5071-8211]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hjy8MDAAAAAJ hjy8MDAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/27100360 27100360]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20831540|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20831540/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80520476|Michael E. Brown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q104693589|chemistry teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80520476|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80520476/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80521092|Michael N. Bruton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521092|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521092/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29052586|Brenda Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1519 0000-0002-6189-1519]
| 
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82539949|Roger E. Raab]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82539949|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82539949/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80521586|James R. Bull]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80522068|Mino R. Caira]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80522068|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80522068/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946604|Edward Sturrock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70720643|Mike Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2487799|mycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-2009 0000-0001-9346-2009]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wT4V7isAAAAJ wT4V7isAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/14989035 14989035]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/22155914471039401883 22155914471039401883]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77803|Selmar Schonland]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/40795045 40795045]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Schonland Pretoria.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77803|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77803/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59187857|Douglas E. Rawlings]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8167 0000-0002-2521-8167]
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59187857|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59187857/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79660900|Roland Schulze]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52701989|Robin M Crewe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-8250 0000-0003-4398-8250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/172379736 172379736]
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52701989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52701989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42178276|Renée Kraan-Korteweg]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-6250 0000-0002-0202-6250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/272584657 272584657]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43188044|Willem Heber van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-353X 0000-0001-8195-353X]
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60055963|João P. Rodrigues]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-3845 0000-0002-1980-3845]
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91052641|John Parkington]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-6826 0000-0001-6127-6826]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tk-A4MsAAAAJ tk-A4MsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/36952076 36952076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59624330|Paul R. Manger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-2854 0000-0002-1881-2854]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59624330|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59624330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76926947|Ronald Harley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/192970031 192970031]
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82549683|Laurence J. Robb]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82549683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82549683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51697828|Kathryn H. Myburgh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-2120 0000-0003-4501-2120]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DXNUiEEAAAAJ DXNUiEEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/205963403 205963403]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23008763|Johann Carl Vogel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/171593751 171593751]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23008763|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23008763/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793537|Horst Helmut Klump]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793851|Klaus Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-4406 0000-0003-3845-4406]
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82984689|Rudolph J van Aarde]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82984689|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82984689/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80533870|Philip Charles]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80533870|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80533870/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80534086|Robert W. Charlton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80534086|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80534086/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18685421|Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-5080 0000-0002-9786-5080]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/27342603 27342603]
| 2006
| [[Fáìlì:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, West Coast Fossil Park tour.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82985262|Jan van den Ende]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82985262|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82985262/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82553257|Allen L. Rodgers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82553257|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82553257/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931737|Manfred Armin Hellberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51846346|Renfrew Christie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20826540|scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/62928676 62928676]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1387629|George F. R. Ellis]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0629 0000-0001-8484-0629]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/109637661 109637661]
| 1983
| [[Fáìlì:George Ellis 0040.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83132581|Albertus S. van Jaarsveld]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83132581|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83132581/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q524221|John Hewitt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16271064|herpetologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17344952|arachnologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q524221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q524221/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58336810|Andrew Cooper]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-8812 0000-0003-4972-8812]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wck4s-UAAAAJ wck4s-UAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/55808460 55808460]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58336810|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58336810/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83134393|Johan van Zyl]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83134393|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83134393/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2976150|John Jackson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/51317806 51317806]
| 1934
| [[Fáìlì:JohnJackson(astronomer).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2976150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2976150/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22006961|Valerie Mizrahi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839206|molecular biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-9115 0000-0003-4824-9115]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/8150380426913370197 8150380426913370197]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81549700|Adolf Conrad Matthee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81549700|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81549700/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83135813|Morris J. Viljoen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/29202617 29202617]
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83135813|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83135813/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39885100|Aletta E. Schutte]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-4937 0000-0001-9217-4937]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f1oels0AAAAJ f1oels0AAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5861359|John Patrick Rourke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/33298739 33298739]
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5861359|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5861359/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83137250|Richard P. Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83137250|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83137250/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1681675|Jan C. A. Boeyens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/29820137 29820137]
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1681675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1681675/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96489|Achim Richter]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16742096|nuclear physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WU_HsKkAAAAJ WU_HsKkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/232819266 232819266]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q96489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q96489/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1971138|Mary Agard Pocock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12358881|phycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11900058|explorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3148760|botanical illustrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q37226|ọ̀gá akẹ́ẹ̀kọ́]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/16153470956745082416 16153470956745082416]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1971138|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1971138/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25615160|Paul Daniel Hahn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5428874|academic staff]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Prof Paul Daniel Hahn.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q25615160|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q25615160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38304462|Robert P. Millar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2708 0000-0003-3606-2708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/94387090 94387090]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38305842|Wayne M. Getz]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q61791734|biomathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-9354 0000-0001-8784-9354]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/93683896 93683896]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38305842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38305842/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81701088|Terence S. McCarthy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8nW-dTkAAAAJ 8nW-dTkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/11612688 11612688]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/65534637 65534637]
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701088|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701088/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391519|Sunil D. Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-2849 0000-0002-1967-2849]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81701559|Anton McLachlan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701559|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701559/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43496916|Michael J. Samways]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-6025 0000-0003-4237-6025]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/94489949 94489949]
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40902255|Julia Lee-Thorp]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-0258 0000-0002-3291-0258]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/36637061 36637061]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40902255|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40902255/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28648152|Martin P. Hill]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-5298 0000-0003-0579-5298]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GKGAgoUAAAAJ GKGAgoUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28648152|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28648152/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81702755|David S. McLachlan]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-1293 0000-0002-1560-1293]
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702755|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702755/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81702888|Chrisopher D. McQuaid]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702888|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702888/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55175748|Helder M. Marques]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-3835 0000-0003-1675-3835]
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55175748|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55175748/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63764|Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q19507792|scientific illustrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q674426|curator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1907198|taxonomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/171765397 171765397]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63764|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64835914|Karl Schilcher]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/59603504 59603504]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64835914|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64835914/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69449514|Mary Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q60244908|plant physiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9537 0000-0001-5762-9537]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qNlkIIMAAAAJ qNlkIIMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/177145857889223021078 177145857889223021078]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48256805|Gordon D Brown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-936X 0000-0003-4922-936X]
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48256805|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48256805/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42778663|Robert J. Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-6935 0000-0001-5537-6935]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WR7VpKUAAAAJ WR7VpKUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/71468733 71468733]
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20721396|Anna-Lise Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-1200 0000-0002-5467-1200]
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81707103|Barry V. Mendelow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81707103|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81707103/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37736202|John Morrison]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37736202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37736202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83150510|Anthony D. M. Walker]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150510|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150510/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79402317|Otto Walter Prozesky]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83150751|Heribert Weigert]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150751|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150751/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80700386|Lesley A. Cornish]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80700386|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80700386/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12364088|Hugh Paterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063497|evolutionary biologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/35854115 35854115]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12364088|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12364088/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42784019|Kevin J. Naidoo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3708 0000-0002-9898-3708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/65994373 65994373]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57777886|Michael Meadows]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2560911|physical geographer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q333634|translator]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-3055 0000-0001-8322-3055]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EufqPQMAAAAJ EufqPQMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/78996 78996]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57777886|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57777886/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80447055|R.D. Bigalke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202883|veterinarian]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/287462074 287462074]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447055|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447055/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1586575|Harry Irving]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/422145857117322922525 422145857117322922525]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/91856523 91856523]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1586575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1586575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993822|David Glasser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-722X 0000-0001-9510-722X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=G8kEvt8AAAAJ G8kEvt8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/121088199 121088199]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993821|Diane Hildebrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-8855 0000-0001-7873-8855]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2SQ-120AAAAJ 2SQ-120AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/34119349 34119349]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80447621|Judy M. Bishop]]''
| ''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fTryeZAAAAAJ fTryeZAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/111091523 111091523]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447621|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447621/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71654754|Andries Johannes van der Walt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2325224|constitutional lawyer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/58628637 58628637]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71654754|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71654754/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2165640|Ronald J. Clarke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17488316|prehistorian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2145981|restorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/147008726 147008726]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ronald Clarke.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2165640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2165640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38640649|Andrew E. McKechnie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-1021 0000-0002-1524-1021]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38640649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38640649/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15429379|Paul Cilliers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/328371 328371]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15429379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15429379/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21340974|Bruce S. Rubidge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-1873 0000-0003-2477-1873]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Z7edricAAAAJ Z7edricAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/147053915 147053915]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/475150323917709972010 475150323917709972010]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21340974|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21340974/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82901586|Stuart J. Saunders]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/38148628 38148628]
| 1992
| [[Fáìlì:Stuart Saunders, Vice-chancellor of UCT.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82901586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82901586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21341244|Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17344952|arachnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1532-1379 0000-0003-1532-1379]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/68612009 68612009]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341244|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81027633|Andre Goosen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81027633|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81027633/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21341400|Maureen Coetzee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107292086|medical entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-866X 0000-0003-2019-866X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jbWH4QUAAAAJ jbWH4QUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26820569|John Francis Thackeray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-382X 0000-0001-6884-382X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=SMN_CbwAAAAJ SMN_CbwAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/56318959 56318959]
| 2009
| [[Fáìlì:Koenigswald-Lecture 2016 John Francis Thackeray 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26820569|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26820569/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81028595|John J. Gurney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81028595|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81028595/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340086|Edna P. Plumstead]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/23411195 23411195]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5340086|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5340086/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81029575|Friedrich  W. Hahne]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81029575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81029575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82903855|Louis Scott]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82903855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82903855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49168166|Terence J. Robinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4891 0000-0002-4298-4891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LLaJvSEAAAAJ LLaJvSEAAAAJ]
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78434764|David Mason]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82904164|Michael S. Scurrell]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82904164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82904164/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81030104|Raymond J. Haines]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81030104|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81030104/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60991028|George Ekama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PWje2ogAAAAJ PWje2ogAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/311249909 311249909]
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81031522|Eric H. Harley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81031522|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81031522/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7793599|Thomas Robertson Sim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16334507|bryologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11900058|explorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/20209164 20209164]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tr sim00.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7793599|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7793599/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81176926|Steven J. Lennon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81176926|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81176926/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76419491|Jan-Hendrik S. Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76419567|Igor Barashenkov]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419567|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419567/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81177218|Owen A.M. Lewis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177218|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177218/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717266|Michael Charles Kew]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81177625|James D. Lewis-Williams]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177625|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177625/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11256815|David Mark Richardson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-8297 0000-0001-9574-8297]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Rdfu4uoAAAAJ Rdfu4uoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/85249968 85249968]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42830282|Peter Henzi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-1674 0000-0001-6175-1674]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42830282|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42830282/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15438215|Walter Wargau]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/72240426 72240426]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Walter Wargau (Student).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15438215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15438215/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79306387|Norman Pammenter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81036719|William F. Harris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81036719|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81036719/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42544590|Daniela Cristina Stefan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16062369|oncologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-1209 0000-0001-5740-1209]
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82912218|Yackoob K. Seedat]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912218|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912218/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81038008|Walter D. Heiss]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81038008|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81038008/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82912585|Mary K. Seely]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912585|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912585/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82912954|Milton Shain]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912954|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912954/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37643854|Gregory L. Blatch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-8577 0000-0003-0778-8577]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/272043681 272043681]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19623171|Clarence Van Riet Lowe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13582652|civil engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/62837606 62837606]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19623171|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19623171/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82914193|Vere Shannon]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82914193|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82914193/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43267916|Susan A. Bourne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-2843 0000-0002-2491-2843]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OlFQMW4AAAAJ OlFQMW4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43267916|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43267916/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82915241|Merwyn Shear]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1978
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82915241|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82915241/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q450598|Lee Berger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q205375|inventor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Australopithecus africanus]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7629 0000-0002-0367-7629]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PpW_J88AAAAJ PpW_J88AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/6169562 6169562]
| 2011
| [[Fáìlì:Lee Berger image 2006.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76716731|Thomas Ford]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660145|Sydney Skaife]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/117949603 117949603]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/86323194 86323194]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hendrik Brand.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7660145|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7660145/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82917146|Peter E. Spargo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1986
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82917146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82917146/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52353159|Stephanie G. Burton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-8420 0000-0002-3094-8420]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52353159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52353159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q73836164|Perry T. Kaye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-8121 0000-0002-5997-8121]
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q73836164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q73836164/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70377150|Lynn Morris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-8415 0000-0002-1836-8415]&lt;br/&gt;[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-7828 0000-0003-3961-7828]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=atnn-0AAAAAJ atnn-0AAAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70377150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70377150/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54086671|Norman Owen-Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-1201 0000-0001-8429-1201]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BoSadf0AAAAJ BoSadf0AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/29615824 29615824]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/496166656941922710006 496166656941922710006]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5213742|Dan J. Stein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q121594|professor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[oníṣègùn]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810 0000-0001-7218-7810]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LOHkEw8AAAAJ LOHkEw8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/39468370 39468370]
| 2012
| [[Fáìlì:Dan-Stein-20130904.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742|29]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17612495|Quarraisha Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0985-477X 0000-0002-0985-477X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ARaZ9-MAAAAJ ARaZ9-MAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/24336962 24336962]
| 2014
| [[Fáìlì:Quarraisha Abdool Karim.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q17612495/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57259567|Charles B. de Koning]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4525-5130 0000-0003-4525-5130]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57259567|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57259567/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15451201|Geoffrey Blight]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/63422447 63422447]
| 1991
| [[Fáìlì:Geoff Blight.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15451201|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15451201/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2043552|Johannes van Staden]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-1281 0000-0003-0515-1281]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/562159234013403370477 562159234013403370477]
| 1990
| [[Fáìlì:Prof johannes van staden-1595341335.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80761328|W.P.M. de Ruijter]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=N6GAWu8AAAAJ N6GAWu8AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/55454984 55454984]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80761328|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80761328/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81915116|Haralambos Parolis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81915116|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81915116/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80762518|Cesáreo A. Dominguez]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=AynPRjkAAAAJ AynPRjkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/76115383 76115383]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762518|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762518/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80762761|Siegfried E. Drewes]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71104683|Willem Albert Hanekom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-1645 0000-0002-6788-1645]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GNFho0kAAAAJ GNFho0kAAAAJ]
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5074942|Charles Abercrombie Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q901|oní ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́nsì]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[olóṣèlú]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sir Charles Abercrombie Smith - Scientist and politician - Cape Colony.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5074942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5074942/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53952047|William J. Bond]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-2084 0000-0002-3441-2084]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8vuc6rIAAAAJ 8vuc6rIAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/279051097 279051097]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53952047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53952047/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53808040|Michael T Davies-Coleman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-894X 0000-0001-5344-894X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/85647578 85647578]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53808040/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81056277|Michael J.R. Hoch]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056277|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056277/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15459092|Charles K. Brain]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/30825610 30825610]
| 1976
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81056623|Alan N. Hodgson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056623|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056623/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42420373|Guy F. Midgley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-0869 0000-0001-8264-0869]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/53146094231500331476 53146094231500331476]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56406446|Alan K. Whitfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-7367 0000-0003-1452-7367]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NIDj1ksAAAAJ NIDj1ksAAAAJ]
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56406446|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56406446/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81060675|Leon C. Isaacson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1975
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060675/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81060977|Tom Jarrett]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060977|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060977/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61598221|Chaudry Masood Khalique]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-4859 0000-0002-1986-4859]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4ILEyUYAAAAJ 4ILEyUYAAAAJ]
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61598221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61598221/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78610632|Ebrahim Momoniat]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5084053|Charles van Onselen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864380|biographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3903-8052 0000-0002-3903-8052]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/64050944 64050944]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5084053|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5084053/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26998207|Athelstan Cornish-Bowden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Athelstan Hall Cornish-Bowden in about 1885.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26998207|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26998207/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60590121|Robin Wood]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-7117 0000-0002-4276-7117]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60590121|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60590121/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21664327|Lawrence Crawford]]''
| [[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21664327|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21664327/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80053967|Peter Doughtrey Tyson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20656400|Hoosen Coovadia]]''
| [[oníṣègùn]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70827557|Simon Henry Connell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-7245 0000-0001-6000-7245]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pVS2ZiMAAAAJ pVS2ZiMAAAAJ]
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81064210|Graham I.H. Kerley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-5200 0000-0003-2702-5200]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81064210|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81064210/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42571640|Jane Carruthers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4599 0000-0001-8210-4599]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/4128165628894642480006 4128165628894642480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/48310877 48310877]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21522991|Richard N. Pienaar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12358881|phycologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/187578662 187578662]
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21522991|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21522991/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42572405|Marion Bamford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-130X 0000-0003-0667-130X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WT8NxO0AAAAJ WT8NxO0AAAAJ]
| 
| 2006
| [[Fáìlì:Prof. Marion Bamford.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5236554|David Lewis-Williams]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371378|ethnologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/14885319 14885319]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5236554|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5236554/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56849521|Leon M.T. Dicks]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5157-9046 0000-0002-5157-9046]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56849521|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56849521/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5092799|Cheryl de la Rey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| [[Fáìlì:Cheryl de la Rey.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54254936|Kelly Chibale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-646X 0000-0002-4541-646X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BAk6GbcAAAAJ BAk6GbcAAAAJ]
| 
| 2009
| [[Fáìlì:2025UniLeiden450-4.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81791833|Darragh O’Donoghue]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/315709107 315709107]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81791833|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81791833/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1348676|Sydney Samuel Hough]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11063|astronomer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[onímọ̀ ìsirò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/35236785 35236785]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1348676|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1348676/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42293328|Patricia Ann Whitelock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-4432 0000-0002-4678-4432]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/24755014 24755014]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22109577|Richard S. K. Barnes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16868721|carcinologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-5994 0000-0002-5773-5994]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/64066109 64066109]
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22109577|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22109577/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7837812|Trefor Jenkins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/46916068 46916068]
| 1975
| [[Fáìlì:Trefor Jenkins00.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22112378|Roger M. H. Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NlTbMPoAAAAJ NlTbMPoAAAAJ]
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22112378|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22112378/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71274564|Fazal Mahmood Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19661724|Lyn Wadley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-0813 0000-0003-0053-0813]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bK8F68UAAAAJ bK8F68UAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/59117828 59117828]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>rwdipb4s6vfphac2cr1ondb01381m7q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/NEF Ambassadors</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68314</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622165</id>
      <parentid>620406</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:37:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622165</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12747" sha1="b302xkg4fbag0vfsmlq7v9ol7hlhl31" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q77226505 Next Young Einstein Ambassadors]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q77226505 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
GROUP BY ?item
|section=
|sort=P39/Q77226505/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P39/Q77226505/P580:Start date,P39/Q64846052/P582:End date,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! iṣẹ́ oòjọ́ rẹ̀
! ORCID iD
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF ID
! Start date
! End date
! Image
! Publications
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77419550|Chioma Chukwuka]]''
| ''[[:d:Q183888|software developer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419550|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419550/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77419881|M. Elie Mandela]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419881|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419881/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77425160|Mario Lopes]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77425160|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77425160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77425628|Talla Ndiaye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77425628|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77425628/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77426557|Beryl Birgitta Payet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77426557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77426557/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43549242|Philippa Ngaju Makobore]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43549242|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43549242/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77429417|Jeshika Ramchund]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77429417|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77429417/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77430834|Manara Asad Begira Arbab]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15253558|activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77430834|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77430834/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77439508|Sophia Yusuf Abeid]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77439508|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77439508/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77439847|Ousia A. Foli-Bebe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77439847|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77439847/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77440097|Ines Gasmi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77440097|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77440097/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77440662|Oliver Jolezya Hasimuna]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77440662|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77440662/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77443006|Sicelo Dube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77443006|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77443006/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78599568|Anthoumani Moussa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78599568|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78599568/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78600012|Raïssa Malu]]''
| ''[[:d:Q169470|physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5341276|educational consultant]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q36180|olùkọ̀wé]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/175919267 175919267]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/viaf/4046164423042920530007 4046164423042920530007]
| 2017
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Raïssa Malu Dinanga in the video 'Collaborative Scientific Frontiers – ICTP Partnerships – A panel discussion'.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78600012|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78600012/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78600928|Mandingha Kosso Etoka-Beka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78600928|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78600928/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77449044|Sebay J.B Momoh]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77449044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77449044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77451617|Meriem Benmardi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77451617|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77451617/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77452992|Óscar Jaime António]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77452992|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77452992/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77454696|Donald Semevo Elian Tchaou]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77454696|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77454696/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77457439|Yame Nkgowe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77457439|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77457439/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77314747|Shymaa Enany]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-6504 0000-0002-7827-6504]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77314747|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77314747/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77315873|Lwandle P. Simelane]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77315873|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77315873/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77316787|Andebet Gedamu Tamirat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77316787|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77316787/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77317104|Beranger Constantin Nsa Oyono]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77317104|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77317104/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77317405|Hassan Sillah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77317405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77317405/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77321007|Justina Adwoa Onumah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321007|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321007/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77321593|Abdoulaye Oury Barry]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321593|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321593/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77321991|Baltazar Cá]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321991|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77321991/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77323583|Gladys Mosomtai]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9010-1996 0000-0001-9010-1996]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77323583|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77323583/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77326016|Ntiea Ephraim Letsapo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77326016|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77326016/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77330627|Eric Gabriel Jenn]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77330627|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77330627/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77330831|Randrianavelo Tsiry Nantenaina Rakotondratovo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77330831|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77330831/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77331221|Yusuf Chimole]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331221/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77331332|Mohammed Traore]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331332|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331332/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77331531|Mamadou Tourad Diallo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331531|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331531/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77331904|Devina Lobine]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6398-0371 0000-0002-6398-0371]
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331904|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77331904/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78503630|Aneth David]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Aneth David.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78503630|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78503630/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78504736|Abdrahamane Ouedraogo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78504736|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78504736/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78504905|Paterne Gahungu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78504905|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78504905/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78505304|Arielle Kitio Tsamo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q131524|entrepreneur]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Arielle Kitio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78505304|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78505304/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78505792|Sara Baptista]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78505792|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78505792/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78507193|Hulem Emmanuel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78507193|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78507193/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77221505|Fadoul Hissein Abba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77221505|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77221505/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77227518|Sakina Benabdelkader]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77227518|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77227518/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77229785|Alda Manuel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77229785|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77229785/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77230468|Vidjinnangni Grégory Thoto]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230468|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230468/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77230688|Dikabo Mogopodi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230688|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230688/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77230947|Annick Laurence Koussoube]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77230947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77231127|Anyse Sofia Fernandes-Pereira]]''
| ''[[:d:Q105186|pharmacist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77231127|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77231127/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77231153|Fadimatou Noutchemo Simo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q43845|businessperson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fadimatou NOUTCHEMO SIMO.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77231153|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77231153/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77252197|Omar Ibn Abdillah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77252197|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77252197/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q66587052|Ibrahim Sidi Zakari]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|oníwàádì]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1810-7431 0000-0003-1810-7431]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5PDCKuMAAAAJ 5PDCKuMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/viaf/306483892 306483892]
| 2015
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ibrahim Zakari of Abdou Moumouni University at the Annual General Meeting of the Global Young Academy in Halle 2019.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q66587052|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q66587052/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77256181|Paulcy Des Merveilles Mboungou]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256181|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256181/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77256224|Mohamed-Lamine Bamba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256224|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256224/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77256314|Abdou Idris Omar]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256314|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256314/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77256400|Josephine Ndeze Uwase]]''
| ''[[:d:Q80993|software engineering]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77256400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77412845|Salma Bougarrani]]''
| ''[[:d:Q45916492|co-founder]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q484876|chief executive officer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77412845|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77412845/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q78571408|Francis Mbaibo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78571408|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78571408/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77419171|Moussa Hasan Ousseini]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419171|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77419171/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>b302xkg4fbag0vfsmlq7v9ol7hlhl31</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Nigerian universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68367</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622159</id>
      <parentid>621961</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:39:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622159</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20073" sha1="es099zba6s6iufd7va47edroeb9lscl" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1033 Scholia for Nigeria]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1033 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Ìbàdàn]]
| 34
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487|207]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó]]
| 16
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980|178]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 13
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304|73]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21015871|Nigerian Academy of Science]]''
| 9
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Báyéró]]
| 8
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498|34]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Ilorin]]
| 7
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546|18]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6345764|Kaduna State University]]''
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Obafemi Awolowo University|Yunifásítì Ọbáfẹ́mi Awólọ́wọ̀]]
| 5
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672|22]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65058260|Nigerian Library Association]]''
| 5
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Àmọ́dù Béllò]]
| 5
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Port Harcourt|Yunifásítì ìlú Ebute Harcourt]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051|42]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Benin]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069|13]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Màídúgùri]]
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1142738|International institute of tropical agriculture]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59536624|French Institute for Research in Africa]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Nnamdi Azikiwe]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900|20]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032918|Nigerian Institute of International Affairs]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Redeemer's University Nigeria]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Ábíá]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6966612|Nasarawa State University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6974165|National Library of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104844764|Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Calabar]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Abùjá]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4689777|African Groundnut Council]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Koladaisi]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Gòmbè]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6974654|National Open University of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta|Yunifasiti apapo ti Ogbin, Abeokuta]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19599670|College of Medicine, University of Ibadan]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásitì ìpínlè Kwara]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211|71]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1951159|Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159|26]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18207057|Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057|20]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7984264|West African Pilot]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264|18]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131935571|Rivers State College of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7338307|Rivers State government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100947155|University of Ibadan Faculty of Science]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Nigerian Television Authority]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440356|Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224086|Linguistic Association of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106181847|Daily Trust]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6344671|Kachifo Limited]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6797236|Mayflower School]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84557195|Polytechnic of Ibadan, Library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ile-iwe Girama Ibadan]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University Kashere]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Daily Times]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babcock University]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108884970|University of Nigeria, Nsukka library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásitì Adekunle Ajasin|Yunifásítì ti Adekunle Ajasin]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5322769|Bingham University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032755|Niger Delta University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032906|Nigerian Federal Ministry of Information and Communications]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7988329|Western State]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86347000|Anambra State Library Board, central library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105544769|Kano State Government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107477946|College of Education, Warri]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123487943|Caverton Offshore Support Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123487943|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123487943/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Jos]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25043045|Lagos State Government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ilé-ẹjọ́ àgbà|Ilé-ẹjọ́ Gígajùlọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65084726|Nigerian Society of Engineers]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Nigerian Defence Academy|Akádẹ́mì àbò asà Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100943604|Ebonyi State University Faculty of Clinical Medicine]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100945302|Redeemer's University College of Natural Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100946962|Federal University of Technology Akure School of Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100947288|University of Jos Faculty of Natural Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101546378|Niger state government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104089551|Delta State University Teaching Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224094|Jos Linguistic Circle]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224385|National Institute for Nigerian Languages]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105081706|Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106080093|Federal Department of Forest Research]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107478052|Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108885072|Nimbe Adedipe Library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112252191|Anambra State College of Health Technology, Obosi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117836812|University of Africa, Toru-Orua]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121159438|Nigeria environmental society]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125924402|Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1671299|Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Igbobi College]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Asiwaju City University]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ajagun Ojúòfurufú Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18354916|Federal University, Birnin Kebbi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University, Gusau]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24254508|Edo State University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30254204|Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30282267|National Veterinary Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4671154|Academic Staff Union of Universities]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ambrose Alli]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440303|Federal Ministry of Health]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440481|Federal University of Lafia]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Tẹknọ́lọ́jì Àpapọ̀ ilú Àkúrẹ́]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Al-Qalam University|Al-Qalam University, Katsina]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6728391|Madonna University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6833225|Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6973410|National Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032921|Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Asaba]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7060262|Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[The Guardian (Nigeria)]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7895014|Ekiti State University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Usman Dan Fodio]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93945846|Nigerian Union of Journalists]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96394946|National Centre for Women Development]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96576558|Classical Association of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97356654|ECWA Theological Seminary]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98955788|Nigerian Army University Biu]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99285477|University of Nigeria - Enugu Campus]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99298825|Babcock University Benjamin Carson Senior School of Medicine]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99298839|Usmanu Danfodiyo University College of Health Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>es099zba6s6iufd7va47edroeb9lscl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Ugandan universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68369</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622243</id>
      <parentid>621785</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T09:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622243</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5667" sha1="ick58m2tdu568uqmh4cyph8htvmbwba" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1036 Scholia for Uganda]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1036 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q261506|Makerere University]]''
| 18
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q261506|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q261506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q913972|Order of Friars Minor]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q913972|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q913972/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2753927|Kyambogo University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2753927|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2753927/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6739292|Makerere University School of Public Health]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136180867|Femrite- Uganda Women Writers Association]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103019028|MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit On AIDS]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877609|Uganda Martyrs University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106380835|Hamz App]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15262105|New Vision Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19903271|Fountain Publishers]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28223289|Ministry of Health]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100948019|Makerere University School of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115241692|The Uganda Society]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121145240|Uganda Library and Information Association]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130882836|Afya na Haki Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956750|Mulago Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16902646|Victoria University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18351712|Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28232201|Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30261875|National Agricultural Research Organisation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30262098|Uganda Industrial Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30296330|Rakai Health Sciences Program]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5158982|Islamic University in Uganda]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6739289|Makerere University College of Health Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739289|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877634|Uganda Virus Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q954747|East African Airways]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>ick58m2tdu568uqmh4cyph8htvmbwba</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìbálòpọ̀</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68441</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622151</id>
      <parentid>615922</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T18:32:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>T.onafowokan</username>
        <id>29278</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removed video</comment>
      <origin>622151</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9209" sha1="fwxjsf825e3a4wdtd84vqjw3v9nyif5" xml:space="preserve">{{pp-semi-protected|small=yes}}
{{short description|Copulation for reproduction or sexual pleasure, or other penetrative sex acts for sexual pleasure.}}
[[File:Paul Avril - Les Sonnetts Luxurieux (1892) de Pietro Aretino, 2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Sexual intercourse in the [[missionary position]] depicted by [[Édouard-Henri Avril]] (1892)]]
'''Ìbálòpọ̀''' tàbí  '''Iyàrá ẹni lòpọ̀'''&lt;!-- NOTE: &quot;Sex&quot; is not bolded as an alternative term. This is per WP:Alternative name and MOS:BOLD. It does not redirect here, and is mentioned lower in the lead. It is also a significantly broader term.
 --&gt;) &lt;!-- NOTE: To align with WP:Due weight, the most common definition has been put forth first.    which are the most common technical terms for sexual intercourse, are also being defined in the first sentence (for both humans and non-humans) and these terms, especially coitus, usually only mean penile–vaginal intercourse, as reported in various reliable sources (including those used to discuss the topic in the Definitions section below). The variant &quot;sexual intercourse&quot; is slightly more inclusive, but is additionally addressed in most sources and in the Definitions and Prevalence sections as most commonly meaning penile–vaginal intercourse.--&gt;
Jẹ́ gbólóhùn kan tí ó ń tọ́ka sí ìdàpọ̀, ìwọ̀nú-bọ̀nú akọ àti abo ([[ọkùnrin]] àti [[obìnrin]]), nípa kí akọ ó ki nkan ọmọkùnrin rẹ̀ bọ inú ojú nkan ọmọbìrin abo yálà léte àti ṣòwò ọmọ ni tàbí fi ṣeré lákọ-lábo tàbí méjèèjì&lt;ref name=&quot;Most common&quot;&gt;Sexual intercourse most commonly means penile–vaginal penetration for sexual pleasure and/or sexual reproduction; dictionary sources state that it especially means this, and scholarly sources over the years agree. See, for example;
*{{cite dictionary |title=Sexual intercourse| dictionary=[[Dictionary.com]]| accessdate=November 22, 2019|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sexual-intercourse}}
*{{cite dictionary |title=Sexual intercourse| dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]]| accessdate=December 5, 2014|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sexual%20intercourse}}
*{{cite web|title=Sexual intercourse|publisher=[[Macmillandictionary.com]]|accessdate=May 9, 2019|url=https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/sexual-intercourse|archive-date=May 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510005552/https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/sexual-intercourse|dead-url=yes}}
*{{cite book| title = Handbook of Adolescent Psychology| publisher = [[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]| year = 2004| pages = 193–196| accessdate = April 29, 2013| isbn = 978-0471690443| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_wXasY1HyAYC&amp;pg=PA193| quote = When researchers use the term ''sex'', they nearly always mean sexual intercourse&amp;nbsp;– more specifically, penile–vaginal intercourse. [...] The widespread, unquestioned equation of penile–vaginal intercourse with sex reflects a failure to examine systematically 'whether the respondent's understanding of the question matches what the researcher had in mind.'| author = Richard M. Lerner| author-link = Richard M. Lerner| author2 = Laurence Steinberg| author2-link = Laurence Steinberg}}
*{{cite book| author = Fedwa Malti-Douglas|title = Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: A-C| publisher = [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Reference]] | year = 2007 | page = 308 |isbn = 978-0028659619| url = |quote=Sexual intercourse. [T]he term coitus indicates a specific act of sexual intercourse that also is known as coition or copulation. This 'coming together' is generally understood in heteronormative terms as the penetration of a woman's vagina by a man's penis.}} 
*{{cite book| author = Irving B. Weiner| author2 = W. Edward Craighead| title = The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology| volume = 4| publisher = [[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]| year = 2010| page = 1577| accessdate = August 21, 2013| isbn = 978-0470170236| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pUSG1BONmekC&amp;pg=PA1577| quote = Human}} intercourse, or coitus, is one of the most common sexual outlets among adults. Sexual intercourse generally refers to penile penetration of the vagina.}}
*{{cite book | author = Clint E. Bruess | author2 = Elizabeth Schroeder | title = Sexuality Education Theory and Practice | publisher = [[Jones &amp; Bartlett Publishers]] | year = 2013 | page = 152 | accessdate = December 5, 2014 | isbn = 978-1449649289 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WWFW6-kkAVoC&amp;pg=PA152 | quote = In many cultures around the world, vaginal sex is what is usually implied when people refer to 'having sex' or 'sexual intercourse.' It is the most frequently studied behavior and is often the focus of sexuality education programming for youth. }}
*{{cite book | author = Cecie Starr | author2 = Beverly McMillan | title = Human Biology | publisher = [[Cengage Learning]] | year = 2015 | page = 339 | accessdate = December 27, 2017 | isbn = 978-1305445949 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lS5-BAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT339 | quote = Coitus and copulation are both technical terms for sexual intercourse. The male sex act involves an erection, in which the limp penis stiffens and lengthens. It also involves ejaculation, the forceful expulsion of semen into the urethra and out from the penis. [...] During coitus, pelvic thrusts stimulate the penis as well as the female's clitoris and vaginal wall. The stimulation triggers rhythmic, involuntary contractions in smooth muscle in the male reproductive tract, especially the vas deferens and the prostate. The contractions rapidly force sperm out of each epididymis. They also force the contents of seminal vesicles and the prostate gland into the urethra. The resulting mixture, semen, is ejaculated into the vagina. }}
*{{cite book | author = Janell L. Carroll | title = Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity | publisher = [[Cengage Learning]] | year = 2018 | page = 289 | accessdate = November 22, 2019 | isbn = 978-1337672061 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9A9EDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT289 | quote = Vaginal intercourse (also referred to as sexual intercourse) involves inserting the penis into the vagina. }}&lt;/ref&gt; A tún mo eléyí sí '''vaginal intercourse''' or '''vaginal sex'''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Alters&quot;&gt;{{cite book| vauthors =Alters S| title = Essential Concepts for Healthy Living | publisher = [[Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|Jones &amp; Bartlett Publishers]] | year = 2012 | pages = 180–181|isbn = 978-1449630621 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VegUiVbruBMC&amp;pg=PA180|quote=Most heterosexuals are familiar with the notion of 'having sex' or sexual intercourse as vaginal sex, the insertion of a penis into a vagina. Vaginal sex, or coitus, is the most common and popular form of intimate sexual activity between partners.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Carroll, 2018&quot;&gt;{{cite book| vauthors = Carroll JL|title = Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity| publisher = [[Cengage Learning]]| year = 2018 | page = 289|isbn = 978-1337672061| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=9A9EDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT289|quote=Vaginal intercourse (also referred to as sexual intercourse) involves inserting the penis into the vagina.}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
== Àwọn ọ̀nà ìbálòpọ̀==
Lára àwọn ọ̀nà míràn tí ènìyàn lè gbà ní àṣepọ́ ni:
# kí wọ́n ní ìbálòpọ̀ láti [[fùrọ̀]] tí ó túmọ̀ sí wípé àkọ tàbí ọkùnrin yòó ki nkan ọmọkùnrin rẹ̀ bọ ojú ilé-ìgbẹ́ abo láti ba ní àṣepọ̀. 
# kí wọ́n ní ìbálòpọ̀ láti ẹnu, èyí túmọ̀ sí wípé àkọ tàbí ọkùnrin yòó ki nkan ọmọkùnrin rẹ̀ bọ ẹnu olólùfẹ́ rẹ̀ láti ní àṣepọ̀.
# kí wọ́n ní ìbálòpọ̀ nípa fífi ìka ro abẹ́ obìnrin. 
#kí wọ́n ní ìbálòpọ̀ nípa lílo àwọn ohun èlò ìbálòpọ̀ tí wọ́n gbẹ́ bí nkan ọmọkùnrin.
Àmọ́ irúfẹ́ àwọn ọ̀nà ìbálòpọ̀ tí a kà sílẹ̀ yí kò bá ìlànà [[àṣà]] [[Yorùbá]] mu yàtọ̀ sí kí á bára ẹni lò pọ̀ láti ojú ara, èyí tí ó tọ̀nà jùlọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;health.discovery.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web| title= Sexual Intercourse | publisher=[[Discovery Channel|Discovery.com]]| accessdate=January 12, 2008 | url=http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/intercourse.html |archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20080822040701/http://health.discovery.com/centers/sex/sexpedia/intercourse.html|archivedate = August 22, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rathus Nevid Fichner-Rathus 2011 p. &quot;&gt;{{cite book | last=Rathus | first=S.A. | last2=Nevid | first2=J.S. | last3=Fichner-Rathus | first3=L. | title=Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity | publisher=Allyn &amp; Bacon | series=Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity | year=2011 | isbn=978-0-205-82175-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZotYAAAAYAAJ | access-date=2022-03-08 | page=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Freberg 2009 p. 308&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last=Freberg | first=L. | title=Discovering Biological Psychology | publisher=Cengage Learning | year=2009 | isbn=978-0-547-17779-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-zyTMXAjzQsC&amp;pg=PA308 | access-date=2022-03-08 | page=308}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>fwxjsf825e3a4wdtd84vqjw3v9nyif5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ngozi Ezeonu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68684</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622219</id>
      <parentid>563040</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:16:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622219</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4101" sha1="ot2r9taiu17ggq17017rw9uzi26qad5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name        = Ngozi Ezeonu
| image       = File:Flirting With Ngozi Ezeonu irokotv.jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = Ngozi Ezeonu In &quot;Family Secret&quot;, 2016
| birth_name  = Ngozi Ikpelue
| birth_date  =Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 
| birth_place =ìlú Owerri 
| death_date  = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;
| death_place = 
| nationality = Ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]] 
| other_names = 
| occupation  = [[Òṣèrébìnrin]]
| known_for   = 
|alma mater=Nigerian Institute of Journalism}}

'''Ngozi Ezeonu''' tí orúkọ àbísọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Ngozi Ikpelue''' ni wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 (May 23rd 1965) jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò àti akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ òníròyìn tẹ́lẹ̀ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà nípa ṣíṣe ẹ̀dá-ìtàn Ìyá nínú sinimá àgbéléwò lédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Ìgbò. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/09/sudden-weight-loss-i-am-not-sick-cries-ngozi-ezeonu/ | title=Sudden weight loss: ‘I am not sick,’ cries Ngozi Ezeonu | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.theafricandream.net/as-nollywood-prepare-for-its-first-ever/ | title=As Nollywood prepares for its first ever movie awards, ace Nigerian actress; Ngozi Ezeonu, reminisces about the industry | publisher=TheAfricanDream.net | accessdate=4 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.gistus.com/10492/ngozi-ezeonu-biography | title=Ngozi Ezeonu Biography | publisher=gistus.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́dún 2012, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''[[Adesuwa]]'', èyí ló mú un gba àmìn ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì nínú sinimá gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ igbàmìẹ̀ẹ ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kẹjọ 8th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

==Ìgbà èwe rẹ̀==
Wọ́n bí ní Ngozi Ezeonu ní ìlú Owerri. Kí ó tó di gbajúmọ̀ òṣèré ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà, ó kàwé gbàwé ẹ̀rí nínú ìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ní [[Nigerian Institute of Journalism]], ó sìn ṣiṣẹ́ ní [[Radio Lagos]] àti [[Eko FM]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/11/05/ngozi-ezeonu-i-was-a-journalist-before-i-became-an-actress/ Ngozi Ezeonu: I Was a Journalist Before I Became an Actress]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò==
Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kíkópa ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ìyá, ó ti kọ́kọ́ kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ọlọ́mọgé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ tíátà rẹ̀ ṣíṣe. Lọ́dún 1993, ni gbajúgbajà olùdarí sinimá-àgbéléwò nì, [[Zeb Ejiro]] fún ní ipa amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, tí ó pè ní Nkechi nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan lédè Ìgbò, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Nneka The Pretty Serpent''. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò mìíràn tí wọ́n pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní ''[[Glamour Girls]]'' lọ́dún 1994, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn tí wọ́n pè ní .&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/99501-throwback-glamour-girls.html Throwback Glamour Girls]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àtòjọ díẹ̀ lára àwọn sinimá-àgbéléwò rẹ̀==
Ngozi tí kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò tí ó ju àádọ́jọ lọ, lára wọn ni;
* ''Glamour Girls''
* ''Shattered Mirror''
* ''The Pretty Serpent''
* ''Tears of a Prince''
* ''Cry of a Virgin''
* ''Abuja Top Ladies''
* ''Family Secret''
* ''The Confessor''
* ''The Kings and Gods''
* ''Zenith of Sacrifice''
* ''A Drop of Blood''
* ''Divided Kingdom''
* ''Diamond Kingdom''
* ''God of Justice''

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeonu, Ngozi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>ot2r9taiu17ggq17017rw9uzi26qad5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622220</id>
      <parentid>622219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:17:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622220</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4097" sha1="deb24kp0n2v33lzcdqitgr6kzihg7qq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name        = Ngozi Ezeonu
| image       = File:Flirting With Ngozi Ezeonu irokotv.jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = Ngozi Ezeonu In &quot;Family Secret&quot;, 2016
| birth_name  = Ngozi Ikpelue
| birth_date  =Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 
| birth_place =ìlú Owerri 
| death_date  = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;
| death_place = 
| nationality = Ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]] 
| other_names = 
| occupation  = [[Òṣèrébìnrin]]
| known_for   = 
|alma mater=Nigerian Institute of Journalism}}

'''Ngozi Ezeonu''' tí orúkọ àbísọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Ngozi Ikpelue''' ni wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 (May 23rd 1965) jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò àti akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ òníròyìn tẹ́lẹ̀ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà nípa ṣíṣe ẹ̀dá-ìtàn Ìyá nínú sinimá àgbéléwò lédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Ìgbò. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/09/sudden-weight-loss-i-am-not-sick-cries-ngozi-ezeonu/ | title=Sudden weight loss: ‘I am not sick,’ cries Ngozi Ezeonu | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.theafricandream.net/as-nollywood-prepare-for-its-first-ever/ | title=As Nollywood prepares for its first ever movie awards, ace Nigerian actress; Ngozi Ezeonu, reminisces about the industry | publisher=TheAfricanDream.net | accessdate=4 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.gistus.com/10492/ngozi-ezeonu-biography | title=Ngozi Ezeonu Biography | publisher=gistus.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́dún 2012, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''[[Adesuwa]]'', èyí ló mú un gba àmìn ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì nínú sinimá gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ igbàmìẹ̀ẹ ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kẹjọ 8th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

==Ìgbà èwe rẹ̀==
Wọ́n bí ní Ngozi Ezeonu ní ìlú Owerri. Kí ó tó di gbajúmọ̀ òṣèré ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà, ó kàwé gbàwé ẹ̀rí nínú ìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ní Nigerian Institute of Journalism, ó sìn ṣiṣẹ́ ní [[Radio Lagos]] àti [[Eko FM]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/11/05/ngozi-ezeonu-i-was-a-journalist-before-i-became-an-actress/ Ngozi Ezeonu: I Was a Journalist Before I Became an Actress]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò==
Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kíkópa ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ìyá, ó ti kọ́kọ́ kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ọlọ́mọgé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ tíátà rẹ̀ ṣíṣe. Lọ́dún 1993, ni gbajúgbajà olùdarí sinimá-àgbéléwò nì, [[Zeb Ejiro]] fún ní ipa amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, tí ó pè ní Nkechi nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan lédè Ìgbò, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Nneka The Pretty Serpent''. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò mìíràn tí wọ́n pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní ''[[Glamour Girls]]'' lọ́dún 1994, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn tí wọ́n pè ní .&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/99501-throwback-glamour-girls.html Throwback Glamour Girls]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àtòjọ díẹ̀ lára àwọn sinimá-àgbéléwò rẹ̀==
Ngozi tí kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò tí ó ju àádọ́jọ lọ, lára wọn ni;
* ''Glamour Girls''
* ''Shattered Mirror''
* ''The Pretty Serpent''
* ''Tears of a Prince''
* ''Cry of a Virgin''
* ''Abuja Top Ladies''
* ''Family Secret''
* ''The Confessor''
* ''The Kings and Gods''
* ''Zenith of Sacrifice''
* ''A Drop of Blood''
* ''Divided Kingdom''
* ''Diamond Kingdom''
* ''God of Justice''

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeonu, Ngozi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>deb24kp0n2v33lzcdqitgr6kzihg7qq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622221</id>
      <parentid>622220</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:17:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò */</comment>
      <origin>622221</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4093" sha1="jdbqljfckod0u7zna8etzs0yopnzoii" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name        = Ngozi Ezeonu
| image       = File:Flirting With Ngozi Ezeonu irokotv.jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = Ngozi Ezeonu In &quot;Family Secret&quot;, 2016
| birth_name  = Ngozi Ikpelue
| birth_date  =Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 
| birth_place =ìlú Owerri 
| death_date  = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;
| death_place = 
| nationality = Ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]] 
| other_names = 
| occupation  = [[Òṣèrébìnrin]]
| known_for   = 
|alma mater=Nigerian Institute of Journalism}}

'''Ngozi Ezeonu''' tí orúkọ àbísọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Ngozi Ikpelue''' ni wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 (May 23rd 1965) jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò àti akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ òníròyìn tẹ́lẹ̀ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà nípa ṣíṣe ẹ̀dá-ìtàn Ìyá nínú sinimá àgbéléwò lédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Ìgbò. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/09/sudden-weight-loss-i-am-not-sick-cries-ngozi-ezeonu/ | title=Sudden weight loss: ‘I am not sick,’ cries Ngozi Ezeonu | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.theafricandream.net/as-nollywood-prepare-for-its-first-ever/ | title=As Nollywood prepares for its first ever movie awards, ace Nigerian actress; Ngozi Ezeonu, reminisces about the industry | publisher=TheAfricanDream.net | accessdate=4 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.gistus.com/10492/ngozi-ezeonu-biography | title=Ngozi Ezeonu Biography | publisher=gistus.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́dún 2012, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''[[Adesuwa]]'', èyí ló mú un gba àmìn ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì nínú sinimá gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ igbàmìẹ̀ẹ ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kẹjọ 8th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

==Ìgbà èwe rẹ̀==
Wọ́n bí ní Ngozi Ezeonu ní ìlú Owerri. Kí ó tó di gbajúmọ̀ òṣèré ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà, ó kàwé gbàwé ẹ̀rí nínú ìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ní Nigerian Institute of Journalism, ó sìn ṣiṣẹ́ ní [[Radio Lagos]] àti [[Eko FM]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/11/05/ngozi-ezeonu-i-was-a-journalist-before-i-became-an-actress/ Ngozi Ezeonu: I Was a Journalist Before I Became an Actress]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò==
Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kíkópa ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ìyá, ó ti kọ́kọ́ kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ọlọ́mọgé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ tíátà rẹ̀ ṣíṣe. Lọ́dún 1993, ni gbajúgbajà olùdarí sinimá-àgbéléwò nì, Zeb Ejiro fún ní ipa amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, tí ó pè ní Nkechi nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan lédè Ìgbò, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Nneka The Pretty Serpent''. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò mìíràn tí wọ́n pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní ''[[Glamour Girls]]'' lọ́dún 1994, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn tí wọ́n pè ní .&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/99501-throwback-glamour-girls.html Throwback Glamour Girls]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àtòjọ díẹ̀ lára àwọn sinimá-àgbéléwò rẹ̀==
Ngozi tí kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò tí ó ju àádọ́jọ lọ, lára wọn ni;
* ''Glamour Girls''
* ''Shattered Mirror''
* ''The Pretty Serpent''
* ''Tears of a Prince''
* ''Cry of a Virgin''
* ''Abuja Top Ladies''
* ''Family Secret''
* ''The Confessor''
* ''The Kings and Gods''
* ''Zenith of Sacrifice''
* ''A Drop of Blood''
* ''Divided Kingdom''
* ''Diamond Kingdom''
* ''God of Justice''

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeonu, Ngozi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>jdbqljfckod0u7zna8etzs0yopnzoii</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622222</id>
      <parentid>622221</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:17:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò */</comment>
      <origin>622222</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4089" sha1="4n9istojwsrjl8zdgf7xolutv0y850m" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name        = Ngozi Ezeonu
| image       = File:Flirting With Ngozi Ezeonu irokotv.jpg
| alt         = 
| caption     = Ngozi Ezeonu In &quot;Family Secret&quot;, 2016
| birth_name  = Ngozi Ikpelue
| birth_date  =Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 
| birth_place =ìlú Owerri 
| death_date  = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --&gt;
| death_place = 
| nationality = Ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]] 
| other_names = 
| occupation  = [[Òṣèrébìnrin]]
| known_for   = 
|alma mater=Nigerian Institute of Journalism}}

'''Ngozi Ezeonu''' tí orúkọ àbísọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Ngozi Ikpelue''' ni wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1965 (May 23rd 1965) jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò àti akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ òníròyìn tẹ́lẹ̀ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ òṣèrébìnrin ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà nípa ṣíṣe ẹ̀dá-ìtàn Ìyá nínú sinimá àgbéléwò lédè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti Ìgbò. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/09/sudden-weight-loss-i-am-not-sick-cries-ngozi-ezeonu/ | title=Sudden weight loss: ‘I am not sick,’ cries Ngozi Ezeonu | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.theafricandream.net/as-nollywood-prepare-for-its-first-ever/ | title=As Nollywood prepares for its first ever movie awards, ace Nigerian actress; Ngozi Ezeonu, reminisces about the industry | publisher=TheAfricanDream.net | accessdate=4 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.gistus.com/10492/ngozi-ezeonu-biography | title=Ngozi Ezeonu Biography | publisher=gistus.com | accessdate=21 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́dún 2012, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''[[Adesuwa]]'', èyí ló mú un gba àmìn ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì nínú sinimá gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ igbàmìẹ̀ẹ ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kẹjọ 8th Africa Movie Academy Awards.

==Ìgbà èwe rẹ̀==
Wọ́n bí ní Ngozi Ezeonu ní ìlú Owerri. Kí ó tó di gbajúmọ̀ òṣèré ìlúmọ̀ọ́kà, ó kàwé gbàwé ẹ̀rí nínú ìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ní Nigerian Institute of Journalism, ó sìn ṣiṣẹ́ ní [[Radio Lagos]] àti [[Eko FM]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/11/05/ngozi-ezeonu-i-was-a-journalist-before-i-became-an-actress/ Ngozi Ezeonu: I Was a Journalist Before I Became an Actress]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Aáyan rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣèré sinimá àgbéléwò==
Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kíkópa ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ìyá, ó ti kọ́kọ́ kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn ọlọ́mọgé ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ tíátà rẹ̀ ṣíṣe. Lọ́dún 1993, ni gbajúgbajà olùdarí sinimá-àgbéléwò nì, Zeb Ejiro fún ní ipa amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, tí ó pè ní Nkechi nínú sinimá àgbéléwò kan lédè Ìgbò, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Nneka The Pretty Serpent''. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ó kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò mìíràn tí wọ́n pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní ''Glamour Girls'' lọ́dún 1994, ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn tí wọ́n pè ní .&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/99501-throwback-glamour-girls.html Throwback Glamour Girls]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àtòjọ díẹ̀ lára àwọn sinimá-àgbéléwò rẹ̀==
Ngozi tí kópa nínú sinimá àgbéléwò tí ó ju àádọ́jọ lọ, lára wọn ni;
* ''Glamour Girls''
* ''Shattered Mirror''
* ''The Pretty Serpent''
* ''Tears of a Prince''
* ''Cry of a Virgin''
* ''Abuja Top Ladies''
* ''Family Secret''
* ''The Confessor''
* ''The Kings and Gods''
* ''Zenith of Sacrifice''
* ''A Drop of Blood''
* ''Divided Kingdom''
* ''Diamond Kingdom''
* ''God of Justice''

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezeonu, Ngozi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>4n9istojwsrjl8zdgf7xolutv0y850m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Egyptian hospitals</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>69541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622147</id>
      <parentid>620759</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T17:17:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622147</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69109" sha1="063ckgd1devyiaaimj5q0yw8k6kdmdn" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT ?item WHERE {
  ?item wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q16917;
        wdt:P17 wd:Q79.
}
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4974448|Brooke Hospital for Animals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242631|مستشفى الهلال]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242635|مستشفى بنها الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| {{Coord|30.47025|31.179028|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242639|مستشفى حميات قنا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242645|مستشفى سوهاج الجامعى]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12244294|معهد أورام جامعة الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13141261|البيمارستان المنصوري]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16125007|مستشفى الكبد المصري]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16935530|Ismailia Teaching Oncology Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20424851|مستشفى معهد ناصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22935868|Victoria Hospital, Cairo]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28717108|مركز الأورام - جامعة المنصورة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29514291|مستشفى أطفال مصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576106|Harmal Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576120|Zagazig University hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576131|Abassia RAF General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576132|Helmyia Orthopedic Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576133|Mahemdia Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576136|Kasr al-Aini University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Faculty of Medicine-Kasr Al-Ainy.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576137|AOTEA Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576139|Abu-Zaabal Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576142|Railway hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576144|Abbasyia Mental Health Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576145|Future dental hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576150|National Tropical Institute]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576151|14th Australian General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576152|El-Shatby Children's hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576153|No.24 General military hospital, Heliopolis]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576154|Agouza Police Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576155|Luna park Field Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576156|Ras-el-tin Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576157|Kobri al-Qubba military hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576158|Tura-el-Asmant Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576159|1 NZ General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576160|Port Said general Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576161|No. 3 General NZ Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576162|Zagazig University Hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576164|Tahrir Field Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576169|Wadi el-Natrun Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576171|Helal Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576179|Strangford's hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576180|European hospital in Alexandria]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576184|Hopital Prive Choubrah]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576188|Hurghada general hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576189|Aboul-Reesh Pediatrics hospital at Munira]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576193|Adel Sadek psychological medicine hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576224|Ain Shams Pediatrics hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576226|Ain Shams New Pediatrics hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576229|Ain Shams University obstetrics &amp; gynecology hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101001989|Alexandria Main University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101002037|Beni Suef University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101002067|El Manial University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101002105|Mansoura University Children's Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116042737|Suez General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| {{Coord|29.968003|32.547415|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118954444|مستشفي طما المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| {{Coord|26.897867|31.441797|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126599910|مستشفى دسوق العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131156170|مستشفي جامعة دمنهور]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| {{Coord|31.037663|30.434546|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591577|مستشفى أبو سنبل الدولي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591578|مستشفى أسوان للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591579|مستشفى السباعية المركزي ب]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591580|مستشفى حميات إدفو]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591581|مستشفى حميات أسوان]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591582|مستشفى صدر إدفو]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591583|مستشفى صدر أسوان]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591584|مستشفى صدر كوم أمبو]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591585|مستشفى غرب أسوان]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591586|مستشفى كوم أمبو المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591587|مستشفى نصر النوبة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591588|مستشفى حميات أسيوط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591589|مستشفى حميات ديروط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591590|مستشفى ابنوب المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591591|مستشفى أسيوط العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591592|مستشفى الإيمان العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591593|مستشفى البداري المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591594|مستشفى الغنايم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591595|مستشفى القوصية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591596|مستشفى ديروط العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591597|مستشفى ساحل سليم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591598|مستشفى صدر أسيوط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591599|مستشفى صدفا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591600|مستشفى الجمهورية العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591601|مستشفى الصدر المعمورة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591602|مستشفى صدر كوم الشقافة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591603|مستشفى كرموز للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591604|مستشفى الإسماعيلية العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591605|مستشفى صدر الإسماعيلية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591606|مستشفى العديسات المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591607|مستشفى صدر إسنا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591608|مستشفى الأقصر العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591609|مستشفى القرنة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591610|مستشفى حميات الأقصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591611|مستشفى حميات الغردقة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591612|مستشفى الشلاتين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591613|مستشفى القصير المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591614|مستشفى جراحات اليوم الواحد بمرسى علم]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591615|مستشفى رأس غارب المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591616|مستشفى سفاجا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591617|مستشفى حميات دمنهور]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591618|مستشفى حميات كفر الدوار]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591619|مستشفى الرحمانية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591620|مستشفى أبو المطامير المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591621|مستشفى أبو حمص المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591622|مستشفى إدفينا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591623|مستشفى إدكو المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591624|مستشفى المحمودية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591625|مستشفى إيتاي البارود المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591626|مستشفى حوش عيسى المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591627|مستشفى دمنهور التعليمي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591628|مستشفى رشيد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591629|مستشفى شبراخيت المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591630|مستشفى صدر دمنهور]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591631|مستشفى غرب النوبارية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591632|مستشفى مبرة كفر الدوار للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591633|مستشفى 6 أكتوبر للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591634|مستشفى أطفيح المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591635|مستشفى البدرشين العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591636|مستشفى التحرير العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591637|مستشفى الشيخ زايد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591638|مستشفى الصف المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591639|مستشفى العياط المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591640|مستشفى الواحات البحرية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591641|مستشفى الوراق المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591642|مستشفى إمبابة العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591643|مستشفى أوسيم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591644|مستشفى أبو النمرس المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591645|مستشفى أم المصريين العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591646|مستشفى بولاق الدكرور العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591647|مستشفى صدر العياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591648|مستشفى مدينة 6 أكتوبر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591649|مستشفى منشأة القناطر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591650|مستشفى سندوب]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591651|مستشفى الجمالية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591652|مستشفى أجا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591653|مستشفى السنبلاوين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591654|مستشفى الكردي المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591655|مستشفى المطرية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591656|مستشفى المقاطعة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591657|مستشفى المنزلة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591658|مستشفى المنصورة العام الجديد]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591659|مستشفى المنصورة العام القديم]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591660|مستشفى إتميدة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591661|مستشفى بلقاس المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591662|مستشفى جمصة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591663|مستشفى حميات المنصورة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591664|مستشفى دكرنس العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591665|مستشفى دماص المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591666|مستشفى شبرا سندى المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591667|مستشفى شبراهور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591669|مستشفى شربين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591670|مستشفى صدر المنزلة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591671|مستشفى صدر المنصورة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591672|مستشفى صدر بهتوت]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591673|مستشفى صدر دكرنس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591674|مستشفى منية النصر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591675|مستشفى ميت سلسيل المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591676|مستشفى ميت غمر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591677|مستشفى نبروه المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591678|مستشفى السويس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591679|مستشفى حميات السويس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591680|مستشفى صدر السويس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591681|مستشفى بتلراك المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591682|مستشفى الأحرار]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591683|مستشفى مبرة الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591685|مستشفى أبو كبير المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591686|مستشفى الإبراهيمية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591687|مستشفى الحسينية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591688|مستشفى الزقازيق العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591689|مستشفى الزوامل المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591690|مستشفى السعديين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591691|مستشفى الصالحية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591692|مستشفى الصوفية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591693|مستشفى القرين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591694|مستشفى القنايات المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591695|مستشفى أولاد صقر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591696|مستشفى أبو حماد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591697|مستشفى بلبيس المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591698|مستشفى حميات الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591699|مستشفى حميات فاقوس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591700|مستشفى ديرب نجم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591701|مستشفى صدر الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591702|مستشفى فاقوس العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591703|مستشفى كفر صقر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591704|مستشفى مشتول السوق المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591705|مستشفى منيا القمح المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591706|مستشفى ههيا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591707|مستشفى أبيار المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591708|مستشفى السنطة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591710|مستشفى الصدر المحلة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591711|مستشفى المجمع الطبي بطنطا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591712|مستشفى حميات كفر الزيات]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591713|مستشفى حميات زفتى]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591714|مستشفى حميات بسيون]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591715|مستشفى المحلة الكبرى العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591716|مستشفى المنشاوي العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591717|مستشفى بسيون المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591718|مستشفى حميات المحلة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591719|مستشفى حميات طنطا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591720|مستشفى زفتى العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591721|مستشفى سمنود المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591722|مستشفى صدر طنطا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591723|مستشفى قطور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591724|مستشفى مبرة المحلة للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591725|مستشفى مبرة طنطا للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591726|مستشفى أبشواي المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591727|مستشفى أطسا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591728|مستشفى الفيوم العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591729|مستشفى المجمع الفيومي للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591730|مستشفى سنورس المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591731|مستشفى طامية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591732|مستشفى فيديمين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591733|المستشفى القبطي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591734|جراحة اليوم الواحد بمدينة نصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591735|مستشفى أحمد ماهر التعليمي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591736|مستشفى الإصلاح الإسلامي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591737|مستشفى التبين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591738|مستشفى الجمهورية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591739|مستشفى الخازندارة العام‎]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591740|مستشفى الشروق المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591741|مستشفى المقطم للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591742|مستشفى المنيرة العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591743|مستشفى النصر بحلوان]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591744|مستشفى جراحات اليوم الواحد بالبساتين]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591745|مستشفى جراحة اليوم الواحد بالزاوية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591746|مستشفى جراحة اليوم الواحد بالمرج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591747|مستشفى دار السلام العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591748|مستشفى روض الفرج العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591749|مستشفى شبرا الجديدة للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591751|مستشفى شبرا العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591752|مستشفى صيدناوي للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591753|مستشفى عين شمس العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591754|مستشفى مبرة المعادي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591755|مستشفى مبرة مصر القديمة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591756|مستشفى أبو المنجا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591757|مستشفى النيل للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591758|مستشفى بنها]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591759|مستشفى بهتيم حي شرق المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591760|مستشفى حميات بنها]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591761|مستشفى حميات طوخ]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591763|مستشفى شبين القناطر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591764|مستشفى صدر المرج 23 يوليو]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591765|مستشفى قليوب الجديدة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591766|مستشفى ناصر العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591767|مستشفى أشمون المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591768|مستشفى الباجور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591769|مستشفى الشهداء المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591770|مستشفى بركة السبع العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591771|مستشفى تلا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591772|مستشفى جراحة اليوم الواحد بأشمون]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591773|مستشفى زاوية الناعورة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591774|مستشفى سرس الليان المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591776|مستشفى صدر شبين الكوم]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591777|مستشفى صدر منوف]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591778|مستشفى قويسنا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591779|مستشفى منوف العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591780|مستشفى العدوة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591781|مستشفى الفكرية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591782|مستشفى بني مزار المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591783|مستشفى جراحة اليوم الواحد بسمالوط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591784|مستشفى حميات العدوة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591785|مستشفى حميات المنيا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591786|مستشفى حميات دير مواس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591788|مستشفى حميات مغاغة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591789|مستشفى صدر المنيا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591790|مستشفى صدر بني مزار]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591791|مستشفى صدر ملوي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591792|مستشفى مبرة المنيا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591794|مستشفى مطاي المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591795|مستشفى مغاغة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591796|مستشفى الخارجة العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591797|مستشفى حميات الخارجة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591798|مستشفى الداخلة العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591799|مستشفى الفرافرة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591800|مستشفى صدر الخارجة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591801|مستشفى حميات بني سويف]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591802|مستشفى الفشن المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591803|مستشفى الواسطي المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591804|مستشفى بني سويف]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591805|مستشفى سمسطا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591806|مستشفى صدر بني سويف]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591807|مستشفى ناصر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591808|مستشفى مبرة بورسعيد]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591809|مستشفى الحميات ببورسعيد]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591810|مستشفى بورفؤاد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591811|مستشفى صدر بورسعيد]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591812|مستشفى الزهور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591813|مستشفى دهب المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591814|مستشفى الطور العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591815|مستشفى أبو رديس العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591816|مستشفى نويبع المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591817|المستشفى التخصصي العام بدمياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591818|مستشفى الروضة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591819|مستشفى الزرقاء المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591820|مستشفى السرور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591821|مستشفى الهلال للتأمين الصحي دمياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591822|مستشفى الهلال للتأمين الصحي دمياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591823|مستشفى جراحات اليوم الواحد برأس البر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591824|مستشفى حميات دمياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591825|مستشفى دمياط العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591826|مستشفى رأس البر المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591827|مستشفى صدر دمياط]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591828|مستشفى عزبة البرج المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591829|مستشفى فارسكور المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591830|مستشفى كفر سعد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591831|مستشفى ميت أبو غالب المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591832|مستشفى كفر البطيخ المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591833|مستشفى حميات سوهاج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591834|المستشفى التعليمي بسوهاج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591835|مستشفى العسيرات]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591836|مستشفى أخميم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591837|مستشفى البلينا المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591838|مستشفى المراغة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591839|مستشفى المنشأة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591840|مستشفى الهلال للتأمين الصحي سوهاج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591843|مستشفى حميات البلينا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591844|مستشفى حميات جرجا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591846|مستشفى حميات جهينة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591847|مستشفى حميات سفلاق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591848|مستشفى سوهاج العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591849|مستشفى صدر سوهاج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591850|مستشفى طما المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591852|مستشفى نخل المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591853|مستشفى الشيخ زويد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591854|مستشفى بئر العبد المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591856|مستشفى رفح المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591858|مستشفى الصدر قنا]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591860|مستشفى الوقف المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591862|مستشفى فرشوط المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591864|مستشفى قفط التعليمي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591866|مستشفى قنا العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591868|مستشفى قنا للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591870|مستشفى قوص المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591872|مستشفى الحامول المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591875|مستشفى العبور للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591876|مستشفى حميات دسوق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591877|مستشفى حميات كفر الشيخ]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591879|مستشفى سيدي سالم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591880|مستشفى سيدي غازي المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591881|مستشفى صدر كفر الشيخ]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591882|مستشفى فوه للتأمين الصحي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591883|مستشفى فوه المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591884|مستشفى قلين المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591885|مستشفى كفر الشيخ العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591886|مستشفى الحمام المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591887|مستشفى الضبعة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591888|مستشفى حميات مطروح]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591889|مستشفى سيوة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131591897|مستشفى شبرا العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126194225|مستشفى العاشر من رمضان الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q337539|10th of Ramadan City]]''
| {{Coord|30.323889|31.732139|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124100334|مستشفى 15 مايو النموذجى]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4119766|15th of May City]]''
| {{Coord|29.829222|31.363676|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125983883|مستشفى الزهراء الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4115223|Abbassia]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.064889|31.281056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131170661|مستشفى أبوتشت المركزى]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4164555|Abu Tesht]]''
| {{Coord|26.125792|32.101507|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110247860|Abutig Model Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q3502865|Abutig]]''
| {{Coord|27.054123|31.315181|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5679470|Hassab Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.19571|29.915544|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6856606|Al Mouwasat University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.203361|29.927639|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:مستشفى المواساة الجامعي بالإسكندرية.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242613|مستشفى الشاطبي الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.209222|29.911639|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242622|مستشفى المعمورة للطب النفسي وعلاج الإدمان]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.269917|30.025639|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576186|Specialized hospital at Abu Qir]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.302028|30.057889|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Specialized hospital at Abu Qir.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111148643|Al-Ajami Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.104405|29.784904|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111182672|Sharq El Madena Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.262789|29.991899|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111416241|Al-Amriya General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.012295|29.804843|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111430515|المستشفى الرئيسي الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4518509|Mahatet El Raml]]''
| {{Coord|31.201444|29.905417|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Faculty of Medicine-Alexandria-Egypt.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113289962|Alexandria New Medical Center]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113290059|Andalusia group]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Sáúdí Arábíà]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Jeddah]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q589934|Maadi]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123412150|Alexandria Armed Forces Medical Complex]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.225806|29.940694|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124459305|Sporting Students' Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.212528|29.935278|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sporting Students' Hospital 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124518150|Gamal Abdel Nasser Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.204667|29.926083|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Gamal Abdel Nasser Hospital 1.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124656075|مستشفى سموحة الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.207056|29.946556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125789778|مستشفى طلبة جامعة الإسكندرية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.20275|29.919944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Alexandria University Student Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125844106|Alexandria Ophthalmology Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.197778|29.916028|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Alexandria Ophthalmology Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130342414|مستشفى نيل الأمل لجراحات الأطفال والاختلافات الخلقية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.263139|29.996528|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130616965|Alexandria fever hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.195639|29.923417|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130724117|مستشفى المحافظة للولادة - دار إسماعيل]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.185972|29.892139|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604194|بيمارستان الإسكندرية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106828556|مستشفيات جامعة الإسكندرية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29943|Alexandria Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136101456|Mabaret alasafra]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29943|Alexandria Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|31.27176|30.006636|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30253933|Assiut University Hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29962|Asyut]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q29965|Asyut Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|27.185557|31.16572|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125043215|مستشفى سيد جلال الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4164791|Bab Elsheeriyya]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.059917|31.26|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126523783|مستشفى بدر الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12197650|Badr City]]''
| {{Coord|30.145306|31.723333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131149429|مستشفي بني سويف الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q394080|Beni Suef]]''
| {{Coord|29.079866|31.105925|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4118568|Coptic Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.0631|31.2525|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:المستشفى القبطي 04.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4702486|Al-Haud Al-Marsoud Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.0314|31.2475|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30269559|Cairo University hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.031409|31.227043|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43896404|Ain Shams University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.078338|31.284114|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q44043826|Al-Galaa Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.098611|31.350444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50035622|Nasser Institute hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.096844|31.240102|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111383989|Heliopolis Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.117162|31.337267|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111804928|Al-Zaytoun Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.102005|31.312304|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123182734|مستشفى حلوان العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q771345|Helwan]]''
| {{Coord|29.84774|31.34275|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125614301|مستشفى المطرية التعليمي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q398152|El Mataria]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134514791|مستشفى أهل مصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111187097|Draw Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q6000830|Daraw]]''
| {{Coord|24.411885|32.929287|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111148626|Deir Mawas Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q3652748|Deir Mawas]]''
| {{Coord|27.644942|30.857643|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126914305|مستشفي دشنا العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q6025025|Dishna]]''
| {{Coord|26.120975|32.47531|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126864883|مستشفى دار السلام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q2933230|Downtown Cairo]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111017721|Horus General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q239107|Edfu]]''
| {{Coord|24.981183|32.881715|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126915933|Alamen Model Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q204439|El Alamein]]''
| {{Coord|30.843028|28.939806|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17077746|Qasr al-Ayni Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q5350664|El Manial]]''
| {{Coord|30.031667|31.227222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111153872|Pardis General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q2210877|El-Balyana]]''
| {{Coord|26.279542|31.945918|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604042|المارستان الأسفل]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q839456|El-Fustat]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604212|بيمارستان زقاق القناديل]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q839456|El-Fustat]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604222|بيمارستان المعافر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q839456|El-Fustat]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115524934|El-Maragha Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q22931672|El-Maragha]]''
| {{Coord|26.701088|31.600899|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107872978|Udaysat Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q287731|El-Tod]]''
| {{Coord|25.588761|32.505266|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107868053|Tiba Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q626031|Esna]]''
| {{Coord|25.335619|32.551318|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118954421|Gerga General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q749187|Girga]]''
| {{Coord|26.346638|31.887689|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221866|Alameda Group]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30832|Giza Governorate]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|29.99735|30.967351|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109256305|500 500 Cancer Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30832|Giza Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.029193|31.014539|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109657795|Memorial Institute for Ophthalmic Research]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30832|Giza Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.015269|31.215619|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242601|Al Hadra University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q5637597|Hadara]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q87|Alexandria]]''
| {{Coord|31.198111|29.923278|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Al Hadrah University Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50036476|Behman Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q771345|Helwan]]''
| {{Coord|29.855168|31.337922|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107870618|Horus Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q679056|Hermonthis]]''
| {{Coord|25.609666|32.504789|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105605486|Ismailia Medical Complex]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105605514|30th June International Center for Nephrology and Urology]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105605673|Ismailia Medical Complex]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| {{Coord|30.620944|32.286682|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110979943|June 30 International Center for Kidney and Urology]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| {{Coord|30.621256|32.289141|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111301488|Abu Khalifa Emergency Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| {{Coord|30.742926|32.259448|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131149391|مستشفيات جامعة قناة السويس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q217156|Ismailia]]''
| {{Coord|30.622715|32.281891|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111436857|Fayed Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31067|Ismailia Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.324841|32.298984|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q122732442|Al-Qassasin Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31067|Ismailia Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.560205|31.939249|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112225140|مستشفى جهينة المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q6022910|Juhayna]]''
| {{Coord|26.669493|31.502032|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111148685|Baltim Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q328176|Kafr el-Sheikh]]''
| {{Coord|31.558328|31.081721|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111443850|Kafr El-Sheikh University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30946|Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|31.101359|30.950461|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111187108|Kom Ombo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q138833|Kom Ombo]]''
| {{Coord|24.484937|32.949051|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4640784|57357 Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.0189|31.2336|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:مستشفى سرطان الاطفال 57357.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6751728|Manshiet el Bakry Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.091631|31.306502|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6862308|معهد ناصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7036954|Nile Badrawi Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|29.982444|31.231111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242627|مستشفى المنيل الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16124984|El-Demerdash hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4115223|Abbassia]]''
| {{Coord|30.073521|31.276054|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Eng Ahmed Shawky Geriatrics hospital 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20424816|المركز الطبي لسكك حديد مصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.0585|31.241861|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ModernEgypt, Fouad I, DHP13402-1-31 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61421509|Cairo University Childrens Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cairo Univ - Abou el-Resh Pediatric University Hosp.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576138|Qalawun Bimarstan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576140|Abbasyia fever hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.065056|31.294806|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64744346|Abbasiya Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.069083|31.295444|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Abbasyia Mental health hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108217808|Al Sahel Teaching Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.083997|31.241963|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110304186|ain shams specialized hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.079292|31.287642|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111379275|Maadi Armed Forces Medical Complex]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|29.967556|31.243111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111413988|Complexe Médical des Forces Armées à Kobry El-Qobba]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.083222|31.298194|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124759375|مجمع الجلاء الطبي للقوات المسلحة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.098444|31.3505|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124843105|مستشفيات جامعة الأزهر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q189383|Damietta]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q29962|Asyut]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125245730|مستشفى فلسطين، القاهرة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126009914|مستشفى الأمراض الصدرية بالعباسية]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.057889|31.295667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130471700|المستشفى الجوي العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.062472|31.274389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604131|بيمارستان القشاشين]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138604175|بيمارستان السقطيين]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138647280|Kalavun Göz Hastanesi]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| [[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.049255|31.260158|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105776721|Karnak International Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q130514|Luxor]]''
| {{Coord|25.708983|32.645104|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107871161|Isis Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q130514|Luxor]]''
| {{Coord|25.665076|32.631232|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125287766|مستشفي جامعة الأقصر]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30797|Luxor Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|25.742362|32.774481|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125495700|مستشفى السلام الدولي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q589934|Maadi]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111148585|Mallawi Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q393498|Mallawi]]''
| {{Coord|27.72993|30.83143|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30253990|Children's Hospital Mansoura University]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q223587|Mansoura]]''
| {{Coord|31.044569|31.365435|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30265130|Mansoura University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q223587|Mansoura]]''
| {{Coord|31.040546|31.358216|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124131066|مستشفى السلوم المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30682|Matruh Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|31.561825|25.159496|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43896492|Minia University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q310117|Minya]]''
| {{Coord|28.090681|30.764689|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126914252|مستشفى نجع حمادي العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q270754|Nag Hammadi]]''
| {{Coord|26.058182|32.229362|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125132393|مستشفى جامعة الأزهر التخصصي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q1309979|Nasr City]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.0545|31.313833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111355481|Borg El Arab University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12197874|New Borg El Arab]]''
| {{Coord|30.873944|29.579417|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Borg El Arab University Hospital 3.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111416421|Borg El Arab Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12197874|New Borg El Arab]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q29943|Alexandria Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.8835|29.573861|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:New Borg El Arab Hospital 3.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576187|New Cairo Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12191144|New Cairo]]''
| {{Coord|29.979028|31.436222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118745799|المستشفى الجوي التخصصي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12191144|New Cairo]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.017814|31.434436|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:HospitalAl-JawiSpecialist.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140170928|Town Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12191144|New Cairo]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126489344|المستشفى العسكري بدمياط الجديدة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12211943|New Damietta]]''
| {{Coord|31.4405|31.691167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q128898847|مستشفى جامعة الأزهر بدمياط الجديدة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12211943|New Damietta]]''
| {{Coord|31.428306|31.686056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126902030|مستشفى قنا الجديدة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12233558|New Qena]]''
| {{Coord|26.251389|32.74225|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q118954397|مستشفى شفاء الأطفال بسوهاج]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12217454|New Sohag City]]''
| {{Coord|26.436672|31.662646|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129072946|مستشفى سوهاج الجديدة الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12217454|New Sohag City]]''
| {{Coord|26.445528|31.666444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q129083845|Orman Hospital Tiba Luxor]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q7012098|New Thebes]]''
| {{Coord|25.737361|32.771972|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124316776|مستشفى العريش العام]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30662|North Sinai Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126534843|مستشفى جامعة عين شمس التخصصي بالعبور]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4120190|Obour City]]''
| {{Coord|30.250861|31.482722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105605552|El Nasr Children's Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111017799|As-salam Portsaid Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.264432|32.305059|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111017840|Alhayat Portfouad Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.244737|32.319185|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111154013|Al Nasr Children's Specialist Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.268391|32.277617|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111154199|Ophthalmology Hospital in Port Said]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.270101|32.295552|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111174440|El Tadamon Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.270182|32.293991|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111174450|Women's Health House Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.2709|32.292109|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111301145|June 30 Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.015712|32.240967|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131106099|مستشفي جامعة بورسعيد]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134509|Port Said]]''
| {{Coord|31.249693|32.258222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126488384|Sadat Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4166063|Sadat City]]''
| {{Coord|30.367056|30.506139|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110240196|Samalout Model Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q950924|Samalut]]''
| {{Coord|28.324443|30.708251|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112208939|Saqulta Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q22932942|Saqulta]]''
| {{Coord|26.659103|31.666488|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131156282|مستشفي السباعية المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q7442334|Sebaiya]]''
| {{Coord|25.197741|32.67458|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7568502|South Sinai Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q644|Sharm el-Sheikh]]''
| {{Coord|27.861453|34.30446|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15276986|Sharm El Sheikh International Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q644|Sharm el-Sheikh]]''
| {{Coord|27.8816|34.2998|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Dahab bombings, The Aftermath - 235449536.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242611|مستشفيات جامعة الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31074|Sharqia Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.585237|31.487425|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126284799|مستشفى الشيخ زايد التخصصي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q4165945|Sheikh Zayed City]]''
| {{Coord|30.031889|31.003083|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30287869|Menoufia University Hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31350|Shibin Al Kawm]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30786|Monufia Governorate]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30288468|Shebin Teaching Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31350|Shibin Al Kawm]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576166|Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31350|Shibin Al Kawm]]''
| {{Coord|30.597781|30.905289|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:مستشفى شبين الكوم التعليمي.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130357585|مستشفى الناس]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q269960|Shobra Elkhema]]''
| {{Coord|30.109722|31.253028|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6051963|International Medical Center]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12188944|Shorouk city]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30805|Cairo Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|30.194083|31.656583|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64576165|Sohag university hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30669|Sohag Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|26.567727|31.707645|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Sohag univ hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111443624|Abu Rudeis Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30815|South Sinai Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|28.910983|33.192487|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115523429|Ras Sidr Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30815|South Sinai Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|29.589622|32.710878|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116960676|Saint Catherine Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30815|South Sinai Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|28.566739|33.952862|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120124723|مستشفى دهب المركزي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q30815|South Sinai Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|28.484907|34.496429|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131106055|مستشفي السويس الجامعي]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q134514|Suez]]''
| {{Coord|29.977082|32.504702|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109616219|Suez Medical Complex]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31070|Suez Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|29.970571|32.517685|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114943761|Suez chest hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31070|Suez Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|29.964597|32.545829|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q122732732|مستشفى السويس للجراحات الدقيقة]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q31070|Suez Governorate]]''
| {{Coord|29.956972|32.566909|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111285366|Taba Central Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q867592|Taba]]''
| {{Coord|29.494951|34.895546|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112201262|Tahta General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q22929203|Tahta]]''
| {{Coord|26.774746|31.497182|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30271993|Tanta University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q271771|Tanta]]''
| {{Coord|30.801502|30.995117|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242291|مركز جراحة اليد والجراحات الميكروسكوبية بجامعة الزقازيق]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q140304|Zagazig]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107864552|Al Ahrar Teaching Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q140304|Zagazig]]''
| {{Coord|30.566884|31.501497|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130477586|مستشفى الزقازيق العسكري]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q140304|Zagazig]]''
| {{Coord|30.587278|31.520111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96192003|Aswan University Hospitals]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29888|Aswan]]''
| {{Coord|24.087544|32.907972|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107865645|Aswan Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29888|Aswan]]''
| {{Coord|24.103459|32.925378|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111017686|El-Masala Specialized Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29888|Aswan]]''
| {{Coord|24.076757|32.894079|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114816929|Ophthalmology Specialized Hospital in Aswan]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q29888|Aswan]]''
| {{Coord|24.093362|32.896806|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50036418|Adam International Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q81788|Giza]]''
| {{Coord|29.978793|30.921364|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12242597|Hussain University hospital]]''
| 
| [[Ìjíptì|Ẹ́gíptì]]
| ''[[:d:Q12186434|الحسين]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Káírò]]
| {{Coord|30.04518|31.26589|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hussain University hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>063ckgd1devyiaaimj5q0yw8k6kdmdn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Ugandan hospitals</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>69571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622160</id>
      <parentid>621610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:52:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>622160</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23196" sha1="j5aq0dj4u04cf13ievl17zc6g3d43r4" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT ?item WHERE {
  ?item wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q16917;
        wdt:P17 wd:Q1036.
}
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5003685|Bwindi Community Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|-0.968611|29.616944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Bwindi Community Hospital.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16895532|Mpigi Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.225|32.3219|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17062069|Hope Clinic Lukuli]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.279608|32.600379|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18388418|Kiruddu General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.261389|32.6003|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746292|Mulago Women's Referral Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.3375|32.576111|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:New Mulago Specialised Hospital Maternal and Neonatal center 2.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20746333|Uganda Heart Institute]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.338056|32.575278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185305|Bwera General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.033889|29.766944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185306|Kilembe Mines Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.203889|30.010278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185308|Women's Hospital International and Fertility Centre]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.350556|32.599167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185309|Kadic Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.349722|32.604167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24236537|Kampala Medical Chambers Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.317222|32.576667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24807572|Katakwi General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.9175|33.962222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24886693|Gulu Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|2.7825|32.284444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24915970|Bukwo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.294167|34.755278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25066633|Atutur General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.409444|33.990833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25066678|Kiboga General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.911944|31.776389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25067322|Bududa General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.009444|34.332778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25068075|Bundibugyo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.705278|30.064722|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227101|Apac General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.978333|32.533611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227112|Buwenge General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.225|33.321944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227119|Kalisizo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|-0.535556|31.622778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227128|Kambuga General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|-0.813889|29.800833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227169|Makerere University Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.327778|32.570833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Makerere university hospital 3.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25340059|Upper Mulago Regional Referral Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.340833|32.575833|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mulago Hospital 5.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28402499|Murchison Bay Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.299444|32.641667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28444827|Gombe General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.183056|32.115|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85789162|Nile International Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.4399|33.2185|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104848927|Kasese Municipal Health Centre III]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.207941|30.107571|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104872469|Uro Care Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|0.353333|32.535278|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104876451|Pope John's Hospital Aber]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|2.235|32.387778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104876664|Lwala Hospital Kaberamaido]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.859167|33.278333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104878305|St. Joseph’s Hospital Maracha]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|3.238056|30.921667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105605643|Ruharo Mission Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|-0.612778|30.631111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113039735|Hoima Specialized Referral Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| 
| {{Coord|1.441667|31.355|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227081|Abim General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q4667801|Abim]]''
| {{Coord|2.698889|33.657778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227083|Adjumani General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1229734|Adjumani District]]''
| {{Coord|3.374167|31.7925|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6354247|Kalongo Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q4690976|Agago]]''
| {{Coord|3.041111|33.371111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4801989|Arua Regional Referral Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500111|Arua]]''
| {{Coord|3.01944|30.9125|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16893723|Kuluva Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500111|Arua]]''
| {{Coord|2.94667|30.9325|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227097|Bugiri General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1229798|Bugiri District]]''
| {{Coord|0.573611|33.7425|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20047276|Paragon Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q4986229|Bugoloobi]]''
| {{Coord|0.308333|32.6269|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16895898|Nkokonjeru Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q4986374|Buikwe]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q7042596|Nkokonjeru]]''
| {{Coord|0.2275|32.9275|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24807579|St. Charles Lwanga Buikwe Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q4986374|Buikwe]]''
| {{Coord|0.339167|33.032222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227096|Kawolo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3321631|Buikwe District]]''
| {{Coord|0.368056|32.945556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6079935|Ishaka Adventist Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2463008|Bushenyi]]''
| {{Coord|-0.544445|30.137778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q124000128|St. Daniel Comboni Hospital Kyamuhunga]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1229797|Bushenyi District]]''
| {{Coord|-0.457892|30.130025|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:ST. DANIEL COMBONI HOSPITAL KYAMUHUNGA UGANDA MAIN GATE ENTRANCE.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227106|Busolwe General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1375755|Butaleja District]]''
| {{Coord|0.849444|33.929167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877584|Uganda Cancer Institute]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.34|32.5775|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19843183|Kisubi Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.122222|32.5369|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19903760|Case Medical Centre]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.324444|32.575|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23926488|Bombo Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.586389|32.536111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24890463|Entebbe Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.083611|32.480556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55614546|International Specialized Hospital of Uganda]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q429685|Central Region]]''
| {{Coord|0.23|32.568333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227067|Entebbe General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q211970|Entebbe]]''
| {{Coord|0.063889|32.471667|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Entebbe General Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106797105|Entebbe Children's Surgical Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q211970|Entebbe]]''
| {{Coord|0.083611|32.457778|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:6-13-ospedale-emergency-uganda.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5471866|Fort Portal Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500107|Fort Portal]]''
| {{Coord|0.655|30.281944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418278|Kitojo Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500107|Fort Portal]]''
| {{Coord|0.525|30.276667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7934814|Virika Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500107|Fort Portal]]''
| {{Coord|0.649444|30.2725|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3825255|St. Mary's Hospital Lacor]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q581379|Gulu City]]''
| {{Coord|2.7675|32.2531|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:St. Mary's Lacor Hospital (Gulu District) 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5617907|Gulu Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q581379|Gulu City]]''
| {{Coord|2.7785|32.298|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5877791|Hoima Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1624192|Hoima]]''
| {{Coord|1.42778|31.3544|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104878066|Uganda Martyrs' Hospital Ibanda]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3459039|Ibanda]]''
| {{Coord|-0.129722|30.448611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227100|Iganga General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Iganga]]
| {{Coord|0.615833|33.484444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6202525|Jinja Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q501709|Jinja]]''
| {{Coord|0.431111|33.205|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24886423|Kaabong General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6272909|Kaabong]]''
| {{Coord|3.510556|34.131667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6343815|Kabale Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q588930|Kabale]]''
| {{Coord|0.655|30.281944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kabale Regional Referral Hospital Children ward.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227121|Kagadi General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q38249484|Kagadi District]]''
| {{Coord|0.941667|30.808889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16902740|Villa Maria Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6354619|Kalungu]]''
| {{Coord|-0.23|31.7433|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5002335|Butabika Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.315|32.656111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6050951|International Hospital Kampala]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.305|32.61|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:IHK Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6404079|Kibuli Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.309722|32.595|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6959083|Naguru General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.329722|32.606111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7375770|Rubaga Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.303889|32.553056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956750|Mulago Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.338056|32.576111|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|0.341323|32.576953|display=inline}}&lt;br/&gt;{{Coord|0.337778|32.575556|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Aerial view of old Mulago Hospital in Uganda.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956789|Nsambya Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.301667|32.585|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956798|Mengo Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]
| {{Coord|0.313056|32.558611|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Group photo at the opening of the new Mengo Hospital, Uganda, Wellcome L0038275.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24236557|Galilee Community General Jewish Hospital of Uganda]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| [[Kampala]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q6695059|Rubaga Division]]''
| {{Coord|0.331667|32.535833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20047271|Kampala Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q18386821|Kampala Central Division]]''
| {{Coord|0.3325|32.5847|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6359840|Kamuli Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3088116|Kamuli]]''
| {{Coord|0.9475|33.121111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6359842|Kamuli Mission Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3088116|Kamuli]]''
| {{Coord|0.931944|33.129444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25067368|Kapchorwa General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2203142|Kapchorwa]]''
| {{Coord|1.398611|34.447222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6346357|Kagando Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1232016|Kasese]]''
| {{Coord|0.064167|29.8975|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85783368|Makerere University Teaching Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6375047|Katalemwa]]''
| {{Coord|0.384444|32.578889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18387358|Kawempe General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6379968|Kawempe]]''
| {{Coord|0.361944|32.5614|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kawempe General Hospital 2016.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227075|Kayunga Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1207391|Kayunga District]]''
| {{Coord|0.703333|32.903889|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227078|Kiryandongo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3539116|Kiryandongo District]]''
| {{Coord|1.879444|32.061944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Kiryandongo General Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16895609|Mutolere Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q525954|Kisoro]]''
| {{Coord|-1.2625|29.72|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60753724|CoRSU Rehabilitation Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q24054203|Kisubi]]''
| {{Coord|0.132778|32.535556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25067256|Kitagata General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6417691|Kitagata]]''
| {{Coord|-0.6725|30.151111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23926482|St. Joseph's Hospital Kitgum]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500162|Kitgum District]]''
| {{Coord|3.289722|32.8725|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23926483|Kitgum Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q500162|Kitgum District]]''
| {{Coord|3.294167|32.881111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24885600|Kyenjojo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1318815|Kyenjojo District]]''
| {{Coord|0.616944|30.6375|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6557580|Lira Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1015699|Lira]]''
| {{Coord|2.251667|32.901667|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56276212|Bishop Ceaser Asili Memorial Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1364817|Luwero District]]''
| {{Coord|0.825556|32.501111|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24886145|Lyantonde General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1375878|Lyantonde District]]''
| {{Coord|-0.406667|31.154167|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24915808|Masafu General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q25227163|Masafu]]''
| {{Coord|0.280556|34.119444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6782422|Masaka Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q956659|Masaka]]''
| {{Coord|-0.329444|31.734444|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16893518|Kitovu Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q956659|Masaka]]''
| {{Coord|-0.345|31.7575|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24041317|Masindi General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1907120|Masindi]]''
| {{Coord|1.685278|31.713333|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Masindi Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16824941|Buluba Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1364824|Mayuge District]]''
| {{Coord|0.49|33.385|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5014715|CURE Children's Hospital of Uganda]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1015727|Mbale City]]''
| {{Coord|1.074722|34.171944|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Aerial View of Cure Children's Hospital, Mbale.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799592|Mbale Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1015727|Mbale City]]''
| {{Coord|1.076944|34.176111|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mbale hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5885659|Holy Innocents Children's Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q731039|Mbarara City]]''
| {{Coord|-0.623611|30.64|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Holy Innocents Children's Hospital in Mbarara Uganda 05.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799628|Mbarara Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q731039|Mbarara City]]''
| {{Coord|-0.616389|30.65889|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85784465|Mayanja Memorial Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q731039|Mbarara City]]''
| {{Coord|-0.615833|30.661389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139586218|Neocare Specialised Hospital and Fertility Center Mbarara]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q731039|Mbarara City]]''
| {{Coord|-0.610906|30.658144|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Neo-Care Specialised Hospital and Fertility Center in Mbarara 03.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23926505|Mbuya Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6799827|Mbuya]]''
| {{Coord|0.325|32.621389|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227072|Mityana Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2267729|Mityana]]''
| {{Coord|0.396667|32.042222|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mityana hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6913297|Moroto Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2193389|Moroto Town]]''
| {{Coord|2.5325|34.6614|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Moroto regional referral hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16894747|Matany Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2193389|Moroto Town]]''
| {{Coord|2.44444|34.395|display=inline}}
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moroto District Uganda.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227107|Moyo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q992016|Moyo Town]]''
| {{Coord|3.649722|31.727222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139669745|Kampiringisa National Rehabilitation Center]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1362109|Mpigi District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6930885|Mubende Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3528929|Mubende]]''
| {{Coord|0.5675|31.393056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956797|Nagalama Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q179198|Mukono]]''
| {{Coord|0.525|32.7825|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23926507|Mukono Health Centre IV]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q179198|Mukono]]''
| {{Coord|0.361111|32.746944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418934|Kiwoko Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3529595|Nakaseke]]''
| {{Coord|0.844167|32.363056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6960313|Nakaseke Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3529595|Nakaseke]]''
| {{Coord|0.7175|32.39861|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20047273|Nakasero Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q16895628|Nakasero]]''
| {{Coord|0.326944|32.5794|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227099|Nakasongola Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3530559|Nakasongola]]''
| {{Coord|1.391111|32.498056|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22935628|Aga Khan University Hospital, Kampala]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6960368|Nakawa Division]]''
| {{Coord|0.325833|32.613611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16868935|Angal Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2174978|Nebbi]]''
| {{Coord|2.4075|31.1925|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25066519|Nebbi General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2174978|Nebbi]]''
| {{Coord|2.4775|31.085556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18353174|Ngora Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1114903|Ngora District]]''
| {{Coord|1.45722|33.7761|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042637|Nkozi Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q15262424|Nkozi]]''
| {{Coord|0.0025|32.0164|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956813|Itojo Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q938145|Ntungamo]]''
| {{Coord|0.7175|32.398611|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25064575|Anaka General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3539572|Nwoya District]]''
| {{Coord|2.599722|31.9475|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104875951|Holy Family Hospital Nyapea]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q31974753|Nyapea]]''
| {{Coord|2.462222|30.950556|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185307|Nyenga Mission Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q16896022|Nyenga]]''
| {{Coord|0.49|32.885|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104903313|Pallisa General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2297538|Pallisa]]''
| {{Coord|1.176111|33.710833|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227111|Rakai General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q976873|Rakai District]]''
| {{Coord|-0.705278|31.4025|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6416719|Kisiizi Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6700211|Rukungiri]]''
| {{Coord|-0.995833|29.962222|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16896016|Nyakibale Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q6700211|Rukungiri]]''
| {{Coord|-0.805|29.9319|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24185310|Rushere Community Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q7380808|Rushere]]''
| {{Coord|-0.49|30.385|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7563658|Soroti Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2141024|Soroti]]''
| {{Coord|1.71611|33.6131|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Soroti Regional Referral Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55634969|Terrewode Women’s Community Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1091337|Soroti District]]''
| {{Coord|1.759167|33.586944|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25227085|Tororo General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1186541|Tororo District]]''
| {{Coord|0.695|34.187778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139670655|CoRSU Rehabilitation Hospital and Rehabilitation Centre]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q976848|Wakiso District]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55074874|Restoration Gateway Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2559188|Western Region]]''
| {{Coord|2.223611|32.2875|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60741610|Yumbe General Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Uganda|Ùgándà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1362587|Yumbe District]]''
| {{Coord|3.465556|31.243056|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Yumbe Hospital Admin Block.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>j5aq0dj4u04cf13ievl17zc6g3d43r4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yẹmí Àlàdé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69686</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622194</id>
      <parentid>571899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:06:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622194</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2628" sha1="gtr3tzu64z7399r2h3gz5lw94ap09us" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name             = Yemi Alade
| background       = solo_singer
| image            = [[File:Yemi Alade studio portrait.jpg|thumb|]]
| image_size       = 
| landscape        = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = Yemi Alade
| native_name_lang = Igbo
| birth_name       = Yemi Eberechi Alade
| alias            = &lt;!-- nicknames are not considered stage names --&gt;
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|1989|03|13}}
| birth_place      = [[Abia State]], [[Nigeria]]
| origin           = 
| death_date       = &lt;!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;
| death_place      = 
| genre            = {{hlist|[[Afropop]]|[[Contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]]|[[World music|world]]}}
| occupation       = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter}}
| instrument       = Vocals
| years_active     = 2005–present
| label            = {{hlist|Effyzzie|[[Universal Music Group|Universal]]}}
| associated_acts  = {{hlist|[[Selebobo]]|Rotimi Keys|GospelOnDeBeatz|[[Krizbeatz]]|[[DJ Coublon]]|[[Flavour N'abania]]|[[Falz]]}}
| website          = {{URL|yemialadeofficial.com}}
}}

'''Yẹmí Eberechi Àlàdé''' (ọjọ́ìbí 13 March 1989), tó gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú orúkọ ìkọrin rẹ̀ bíi '''Yẹmí Àlàdé''', ni akọrin Afropop omo orilede [[Nàìjíríà]]. Ó kọ́kọ́ gbajúmọ̀ nígbà tó gbẹ̀yẹ nínú ìdíje ''Peak Talent Show'' ní ọdún 2009, ó sì gbé àwo-orin rẹ̀ &quot;[[Johnny (Yemi Alade song)|Johnny]]&quot; jáde ní ọdún 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/08/new-sexy-singers-loose/ | title=New, sexy singers on the loose | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/yemi-alade-tours-kenya/ | title=Yemi Alade tours Kenya | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/12/looks-helped-career-yemi-alade/ | title=My looks have helped my career –Yemi Alade | publisher=dailyindependentnig.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bábá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]], ìyá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ará ẹ̀yà [[Igbo people|Igbo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thefader.com/2016/11/09/yemi-alade-interview-tumbum-mama-africa|title=How Yemi Alade Hustled Her Way To Become The Queen Of Afrobeats|work=The FADER|access-date=2018-08-30|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1989||Alade Yemi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin ará Nàìjíríà]]
[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Yorùbá]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>gtr3tzu64z7399r2h3gz5lw94ap09us</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622195</id>
      <parentid>622194</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T23:06:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622195</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2599" sha1="me2z41ovquka1ca31qfu5t320opzxhu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name             = Yemi Alade
| background       = solo_singer
| image            = [[File:Yemi Alade studio portrait.jpg|thumb|]]
| image_size       = 
| landscape        = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = Yemi Alade
| native_name_lang = Igbo
| birth_name       = Yemi Eberechi Alade
| alias            = &lt;!-- nicknames are not considered stage names --&gt;
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|1989|03|13}}
| birth_place      = [[Abia State]], [[Nigeria]]
| origin           = 
| death_date       = &lt;!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;
| death_place      = 
| genre            = {{hlist|[[Afropop]]|[[Contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]]|[[World music|world]]}}
| occupation       = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter}}
| instrument       = Vocals
| years_active     = 2005–present
| label            = {{hlist|Effyzzie|[[Universal Music Group|Universal]]}}
| associated_acts  = {{hlist|[[Selebobo]]|Rotimi Keys|GospelOnDeBeatz|[[Krizbeatz]]|[[DJ Coublon]]|[[Flavour N'abania]]|[[Falz]]}}
| website          = {{URL|yemialadeofficial.com}}
}}

'''Yẹmí Eberechi Àlàdé''' (ọjọ́ìbí 13 March 1989), tó gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú orúkọ ìkọrin rẹ̀ bíi '''Yẹmí Àlàdé''', ni akọrin Afropop omo orilede [[Nàìjíríà]]. Ó kọ́kọ́ gbajúmọ̀ nígbà tó gbẹ̀yẹ nínú ìdíje ''Peak Talent Show'' ní ọdún 2009, ó sì gbé àwo-orin rẹ̀ &quot;Johnny&quot; jáde ní ọdún 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/08/new-sexy-singers-loose/ | title=New, sexy singers on the loose | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/yemi-alade-tours-kenya/ | title=Yemi Alade tours Kenya | publisher=vanguardngr.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/12/looks-helped-career-yemi-alade/ | title=My looks have helped my career –Yemi Alade | publisher=dailyindependentnig.com | accessdate=7 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bábá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]], ìyá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ará ẹ̀yà [[Igbo people|Igbo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thefader.com/2016/11/09/yemi-alade-interview-tumbum-mama-africa|title=How Yemi Alade Hustled Her Way To Become The Queen Of Afrobeats|work=The FADER|access-date=2018-08-30|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1989||Alade Yemi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin ará Nàìjíríà]]
[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Yorùbá]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>me2z41ovquka1ca31qfu5t320opzxhu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ajàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70050</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622225</id>
      <parentid>599184</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T01:44:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622225</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="57841" sha1="arxaaoojdw5kwd9ce3hfa43jv2ozvsj" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic in Cotê d'Ivorie}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox pandemic
| name            = Àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast
| map1            = COVID-19 Pandémie coronavirus en Côte d'Ivoire par District.svg
| legend1         = Number of cases by District. {{legend|#800000|≥ 10 000}}{{legend|#AA0000|1 000 to 9 999}}{{legend|#D40000|500 to 999}}{{legend|#FF5555|100 to 499}}{{legend|#FFAAAA|10 to 99}}{{legend|#FFD5D5|1 to 9}}{{legend|#E6E6E6|0}}
| map2            = 
| legend2         = 
| map3            = 
| legend3         = 
| disease         = [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]]
| virus_strain    = [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2|SARS-CoV-2]]
| location        = Ivory Coast
| first_case      = [[Abidjan]]
| arrival_date    = 11 March 2020&lt;br /&gt;({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=3|day1=11|year1=2020|month2=|day2=|year2=}})
| origin          = [[Wuhan]], China
| recovery_cases  = 16,139 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| deaths          = 115 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)&lt;/small&gt;
| confirmed_cases = 17,702 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| active_cases    = 1,448 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| total_ili       = 
| website         = 
}}
'''Àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19''' wo orílẹ̀-èdè [[Ivory Coast]] ní inú oṣù kẹ́ta ọdún 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-03-11|title=Premier cas de Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire|language=fr|work=Le Monde.fr|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/03/11/premier-cas-de-covid-19-en-cote-d-ivoire_6032649_3212.html|access-date=2020-05-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

__TOC__

== Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kíní ọdún 2020, Àjọ ìṣọ̀kan tí ó ń rí sí ìlera ní àgbáyé fìdí àrùn Kòrónà tí a tún ń pè ní Kofid-19 ní orílẹ̀-m àgbáyé ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kínní ní ọdún 2020. Tí wọ́n sì fìdí rẹ̀ múlẹ̀ wípé àrùn yí bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìlú kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní Wuhan, ní ẹkùn Hubei ní orílẹ̀-èdè China. Àmọ́ ó tó ọjọ́ Kẹtalélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2019 kí wọ́n tó fi tó àjọ ìṣòkan àgbáyé létí.&lt;ref name=Elsevier&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |title=Novel Coronavirus Information Center |last=Elsevier |date= |website=Elsevier Connect|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center|archive-date=30 January 2020|access-date=15 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Reynolds4March2020&gt;{{Cite news |last=Reynolds |first=Matt |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus |title=What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic? |date=4 March 2020 |work=Wired UK|access-date=5 March 2020 |issn=1357-0978|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305104806/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus|archive-date=5 March 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Imperial13March2020&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ |title=Crunching the numbers for coronavirus |website=Imperial News|access-date=15 March 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200319084913/https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/|archive-date=19 March 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Gov.ukHCIDDef&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid |title=High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England |last= |first= |date= |website=GOV.UK |language=en|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200303051938/https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid|archive-date=3 March 2020|access-date=17 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WFSA&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus |title=World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus |last= |first= |date= |website=www.wfsahq.org|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200312233527/https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus|archive-date=12 March 2020|access-date=15 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Imperial13March2020/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;''Future scenarios of the healthcare burden of COVID-19 in low- or middle-income countries'', [[MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis]] at [[Imperial College London]].&lt;/ref&gt;

Ètò ìkànìyàn olórí ò jorí tí ó yẹ kí ó wáyé ní orílẹ̀-èdè Côte d'Ivoire ní inú oṣù kẹrin ní ó ti ń kan ìjọba oril orílẹ̀-èdè náà lóminú bóyá yóò ṣe é ṣe látàrí ìbúr Ìbúrẹ́kẹ́ ajàkálẹ̀ àrùn aṣekú pani yí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Census_COVID19_digital.pdf|title=Technical Brief on the Implications of COVID-19 on Census|publisher=UNFPA|year=2020|isbn=|location=|pages=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bí ó ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn àsìkò kọ̀ọ̀kan ==

{{COVID-19 pandemic data/Ivory Coast medical cases chart}}
=== Oṣù Kẹ́ta ọdún 2020 ===
*Ní ọjọ́ kọkanlá oṣù  kẹ́ta ọdún 2020, orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast ní akọsílẹ̀ akọ́kọ́ lára ẹnìkan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè náà tí ó ń darí bọ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè [[Italy]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/world/ivory-coast-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus/news|title=Ivory Coast confirms first case of coronavirus|last=|first=|date=11 March 2020|website=[[Daily Sabah]]|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=March 11, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ṣe ìtọ́jú aláàrẹ̀ náà ní ilé ìwòsàn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ti [[Treichville University Hospital]] ní Ìlú [[Abidjan]]. Púpọ̀ lára àwọn ènìyàn tí wón ti ní ìbáṣepọ̀ kan tabí òmìniran ni wọ́n ti ṣàwárí tí wọ́n sì ti ń ṣe àyẹ̀wò tó péye lórí wọn, gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóòtú ètò ìlera orílẹ̀-èdè náà ti ṣàlàyé. Wọ́n sì ti ní kí àwọn ard ìlú ó lọ fọkàn balẹ̀ wípé kò ní séwu. Wọ́n tún fi àwọn ìlà ìpè (143 tàbí 101) síta fún àwọn ènìyàn láti fi tó ìjọba létí bí wón bá ṣàkíyèsí àrùn yí làra ẹnikẹ́ni. Wọ́n sì tún ti fi àw9n òfin kan lélẹ̀ lẹnu ibodè orílẹ̀-èdè náà léte àti dènà àti dẹ́kun ìtànkálẹ̀ ajàkálẹ̀ arùn COVID-9.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/909062/societe/cote-divoire-un-cas-confirme-de-coronavirus-les-autorites-appellent-au-calme/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : un premier cas confirmé de coronavirus, les autorités appellent au calme – Jeune Afrique|date=2020-03-11|website=JeuneAfrique.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-51840497|title=Premier cas de coronavirus confirmé en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-11|work=BBC News Afrique|access-date=2020-03-11|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kẹ́ta, ẹni akọ́kọ́ tí ó kọ́kọ́ ní àrùn Kòrónà tún kó àrùn náà ran ìyàwó rẹ̀, tí ó mú kí iye àwọn àláàrẹ̀ COVID-9 ó jẹ́ méjì láàrín ọjọ́ méjì péré.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/sante/coronavius-un-deuxieme-cas-teste-positif-en-cote-divoire/|title=Coronavirus : Un deuxième cas testé positif en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-12|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ní ọjó kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹ́ta, àwọn méj méjì míràn náà tún fara kó àìsàn COVID-9 tíó mú kí ó di ènìyàn mẹ́rin tí ó ti ní àrùn yí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.agenceecofin.com/sante/1503-74817-coronavirus-3-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire|title=Coronavirus : 3 nouveaux cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-15|website=Agence Ecofin|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde wípé àwọn tí wọ́n ti ní àrùn náà ti di mẹ́fà ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún, t.ẹni akọ́kọ́ tí ó kọ́kọ́ kó àrùn náà wọ̀lú ti gbádùn.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.atoo.ci/2020/03/16/coronavirus-le-bilan-passe-a-6-cas-confirmes-en-cote-divoire-officiel/|title=Coronavirus : le bilan passe à 6 confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-16|website=Atoo.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-18|archive-date=17 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317145700/http://www.atoo.ci/2020/03/16/coronavirus-le-bilan-passe-a-6-cas-confirmes-en-cote-divoire-officiel/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde títi pápákọ̀ òfurufú pa fún ọjọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, amọ́ àyè wà fún ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè míràn tí wọ́n wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast láti padà sí Ìlú wọn kí àwọn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè tiwọn náà tí wọ́n wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè agbáyé gbog o náà ó padà sílé láàrín kí 9jọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún ó tó pé. Bákan náà ni wọ́n tún ti g ogbo ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ pátá pa fún odidi ọgbọ̀n ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/west-africa-clamps-down-on-borders-as-coronavirus-cases-rise/1765949/|title=West Africa clamps down on borders as coronavirus cases rise|date=2020-03-17|website=outlookindia.com|language=en-EN|access-date=2020-03-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún sí ọjọ́ Kẹjìlélógún oṣù kẹ́ta, iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ COVID-9 tí wọ́n ti rí ti di mẹ́ẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n, ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast sì kéde ìṣèjọba pàjáwìrì ní 9jọ́ kẹtalélógún oṣù kẹ́ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4937764|title=Les médias ivoiriens appelés à ne pas diffuser les informations 'non certifiées' sur le coronavirus|date=2020-03-19|work=APA|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-19|archive-date=28 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128195957/http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4937764|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10972|title=Coronavirus : la Côte d'Ivoire compte 14 cas confirmés dont un guéri, à la date du 20 mars 2020|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ yí kan náà ni ìjọba ti gbogbo ẹnu ìloro orílẹ̀-èdè náà fún àsìkò kan ná.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10974&amp;d=1#p|title=Coronavirus : les frontières terrestres, maritimes et aériennes ivoiriennes fermées à tout traffic de personnes, à compter du 22 mars 2020, à minuit|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://mobile.twitter.com/RTI_info/status/1241460049521901568|title=Trois (3) nouveaux cas de maladie à Coronavirus annoncés ce 21 mars, portant à 17 les nombres de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-21|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10972|title=Le ministère de la santé annonce ce dimanche, la détection de 8 nouveaux cas portant à 25 le nombre de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-22|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-senegal-ivorycoast/ivory-coast-senegal-declare-emergencies-impose-curfews-in-coronavirus-response-idUSL8N2BG9MO|title=Ivory Coast, Senegal declare emergencies, impose curfews in coronavirus response |date=23 March 2020|website=[[Reuters]]|language=en|access-date=23 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439575-covid-19-isolement-abidjan-erreur|title=Report d'isolement d'Abidjan: Un grand danger guette la Côte d'Ivoire|date=27 March 2020|website=afrique-sur7.fr/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162806/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439575-covid-19-isolement-abidjan-erreur|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ní ọjọ́ Kẹrìnlélógún sí ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹta, iye àwọn tí wọ́n fara kó jogbo arùn COVID-9 ti di mọ́kànlélọ́gọ́rùún ènìyàn nígbà tí àwọn méjì ti ń gbádùn bò tí ó sì mú kí iye àwọn tí wọ́n ti gbádùn ó di mẹ́ta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71668.html|title=Coronavirus: 48 nouveaux cas déclarés ce mardi portant à 73 le nombre de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire (Officiel)|date=24 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-24|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162808/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71668.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71702.html|title=Coronavirus: 7 nouveaux cas confirmés ce mercredi 25 mars portant à 80 le nombre de cas en Côte d'ivoire (officiel)|date=25 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-25|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162903/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71702.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71708.html|title=Covid19: 16 nouveaux cas confirmés en Côte d'ivoire ce jeudi 26 mars portant le nombre à 96 cas.(ministère de la santé et de l'hygiène publique)|date=26 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162809/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71708.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71728.html|title=Covid-19: la Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre de 100 cas avec 5 nouveaux cas portant le nombre d'infectés à 101 dont 3 guéris (Ministre de la Santé)|date=27 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-28|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162809/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71728.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; A 58-year-old female patient with diabetes, in a coma since 25 March, became the first fatality.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26874/coronavirus-en-cote-deivoire-plusieurs-deces-occasionnes-par-les-maladies-chroniques|title=Coronavirus : En Côte d'Ivoire, plusieurs décès occasionnés par les maladies chroniques|date=23 April 2020|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-23|archive-date=27 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427180927/https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26874/coronavirus-en-cote-deivoire-plusieurs-deces-occasionnes-par-les-maladies-chroniques|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n sí ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kẹ́ta, wọ́n tún ṣàwárí àwọn ènìyàn tí ó tó mẹ́tàdínlọ́górin, tí àpapọ̀ iye wọn jẹ́ ọgọ́rùún kan ati méjìdínlọ́gọ́rin.  Nígbà tí ènìyàn mẹ́ta tún rí ìwòsàn gbà, bákan náà ni wọ́n pàdánù ẹni akọ́kọ́ sí ọwọ́ àrùn COVID-9 ní ọ̀jọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/sante/coronavirus-la-cote-divoire-est-a-140-cas-confirmes|title=Coronavirus : la Côte d'Ivoire est à 140 cas confirmés|date=29 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/03/30/ivory-coast-records-first-coronavirus-death-minister.html|title=Ivory Coast records first coronavirus death: minister|last=|first=|date=20 March 2020|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=13 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71758.html|title=Covid19 : la Côte d'Ivoire enregistre 25 nouveaux cas portant ainsi à 165 le nombre de cas confirmés dont 4 guéris et 1 décès (Officiel)|date=29 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-30|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162817/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71758.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ẹ̀wẹ̀, wọ́n fòfin de ìgbòkègbodò ọkò ìrìnà ní àárín àwọn ìlú bí ([[Abidjan Department]], [[Dabou]], [[Azaguié]], [[Bingerville]], [[Grand-Bassam]], [[Bonoua]], [[Assinie-Mafia]]) láti ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún tí tí di ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù kẹta, yàtọ̀.sí àwọn ọkọ̀ tí wọ́n bá gbé oúnjẹ àti àwọn.ohun èlò míràn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439633-tension-peage-isolement-abidjan|title=Coronavirus : Vive tension au pont à péage après l'isolement d'Abidjan|date=30 March 2020|website=afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-30|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162818/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439633-tension-peage-isolement-abidjan|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/actualites/coronavirus-arrete-portant-interdiction-de-circulation-des-personnes-et-des-vehicules/|title=Coronavirus : Arrêté portant interdiction de circulation des personnes et des véhicules|date=17 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-07-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71764.html|title=Covid-19 : 3 nouveaux cas enregistrés, portant à 168 le nombre de cas confirmés dont 06 guéris et 01 décès. (Ministère)|date=30 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162820/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71764.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;afriksoir.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-cote-divoire-17-cas-a-linterieur-du-pays-sur-179/|title=Coronavirus Côte d'Ivoire : 11 cas à l'intérieur du pays sur 179|date=31 March 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-date=1 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401204026/https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-cote-divoire-17-cas-a-linterieur-du-pays-sur-179/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oṣù Kẹ́rin ọdún 2020 ===
Ní ọjọ́ Kíní sí ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin, iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ti ní àrùn COVID-9 ti di igba àti kejìdínlógún, nígbà tí àwọn iye àwọn tí wọ́n ti rí ìwòsàn gbà ti di mọ́kàndínlógún .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/le-nombre-de-malades-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire-passe-a-190-avec-11-nouveaux-cas-ministre/|title=Le nombre de malades de COVID 19 en Côte d'Ivoire passe à 190 avec 11 nouveaux cas (Ministre)|date=1 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-02|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413163733/https://aip.ci/le-nombre-de-malades-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire-passe-a-190-avec-11-nouveaux-cas-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/coronavirus-4-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-et-6-nouveaux-gueris-en-cote-divoire-ministre/|title=Coronavirus : 4 nouveaux cas confirmés et 6 nouveaux guéris en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministre)|date=2 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-02|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162829/https://aip.ci/coronavirus-4-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-et-6-nouveaux-gueris-en-cote-divoire-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-24-nouveaux-cas-la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-200-cas-confirmes/|title=Coronavirus : 24 nouveaux cas, la Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre des 200 cas confirmés|date=3 April 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin sí ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù kẹrin, iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ tí wọ́n tún rí jẹ́ 321, ní èyí tí Mínísítà fún èt ètò àbò orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast ìyẹn ọ̀gbẹ́ni Hamed Bakayoko wà nínú wọn. Àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà lọ sókè sí mọ́kànlélógójì nígbà tí àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́ta mìíràn ṣaláìsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439738-covid-19-245-personnes-interieur|title=Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire : Déjà 245 malades, San-Pedro et Toulepleu|date=4 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-05|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162833/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439738-covid-19-245-personnes-interieur|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/56516-coronavirus-16-nouveaux-cas-de-contamination-2-deces|title=Coronavirus : 16 nouveaux cas de contamination, 2 décès|date=5 April 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/health/202004/404892.php|title=Côte d'Ivoire Defence Minister Contracts Coronavirus|date=7 April 2020|website=PeaceFMonline.com|language=en-EN|access-date=2020-04-07|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162838/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/health/202004/404892.php|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Since the start of the outbreak, 323 cases had been confirmed of which 41 had recovered and 3 had died.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/203464/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/coronavirus--62-nouveaux-cas-d039infection-a-covid-19-ont-ete-enregistres-portant-a-323-ce-6-avril-2020|title=Coronavirus : 62 nouveaux cas d'infection à Covid-19 ont été enregistrés, portant à 323 ce 6 Avril 2020|date=6 April 2020|website=FratMat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene published a list of sites, in and around Abidjan, for testing: [[Yopougon]], [[Abobo]], [[Marcory]], [[Koumassi]] and [[Port-Bouët]]; treatment: [[Treichville]], [[Cocody]], [[Grand-Bassam]], Yopougon, Abidjan, and [[Anyama]]; quarantine (Marcory); and for analysis (Pasteur Institute Abidjan).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5589-covid19abidjan-voici-les-sites-de-prelevements-de-prise-en-charge-de-quarantaine|title=Covid19/Abidjan : voici les sites de prélèvements, de prise en charge, de quarantaine...|date=6 April 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162904/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5589-covid19abidjan-voici-les-sites-de-prelevements-de-prise-en-charge-de-quarantaine|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; The announcement led to days of violent protests in Youpogon and Koumassi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/fait-divers/cote-divoire-koumassi-dit-non-a-linstallation-dun-centre-de-depistage-du-coronavirus-dans-la-commune/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Koumassi dit non à l'installation d'un centre de dépistage du coronavirus dans la Commune|date=7 April 2020|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ keje sí ọjọ̀ Kẹtàlá oṣù kẹrin, iyw àwọn ènìyàn tíwọ́n ti ní àrùn yí ti di ọgọ́rùún mẹ́fà àti mèrìndínlógbọ̀n , iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ̀n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ 89, nígbà tí àwọn mẹ́fa ti papò dà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5604-coronavirus-26-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-a-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mardi|title=Coronavirus : 26 nouveaux cas d'infection à COVID-19 enregistrés, ce mardi|date=7 April 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162845/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5604-coronavirus-26-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-a-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mardi|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialafrik.com/2020/04/08/covid-19-la-cote-divoire-proroge-le-couvre-feu-avec-une-grace-presidentielle-pour-un-millier-de-prisonniers/ |title=La Côte d'Ivoire proroge le couvre feu avec une grâce présidentielle pour un millier de prisonniers|date=8 April 2020|website=FinancialAfrik.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; The number of recovered patients rose by 7, to 48.
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=11025|title=Communiqué du Conseil National de Sécurité (CNS) du jeudi 9 avril 2020|date=9 April 2020|website=gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439887-covid-19-cote-ivoire-barre-500-cas|title=Covid-19 : La Côte d'Ivoire proche de franchir la barre des 500 cas|date=10 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162854/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439887-covid-19-cote-ivoire-barre-500-cas|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4938815|title=Avec 53 nouveau cas, la Côte d'Ivoire franchit le cap de 500 malades du Covid-19|date=11 April 2020|website=APAnews.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162855/http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4938815|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.informateur.info/covid-19-la-cote-divoire-enregistre-27-nouvelles-guerisons-et-41-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|title=Covid-19 : La Côte d'Ivoire enregistre 27 nouvelles guérisons et 41 nouveaux cas confirmés|date=12 April 2020|website=Informateur.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5667-coronavirus--nouveaux-cas-enregistres-ce-lundi-de-paques|title=Coronavirus : 52 nouveaux cas enregistrés ce lundi de pâques|date=13 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-13}}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ Kẹrìnlá sí kọ̀kànlélógún, iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ igba àti mẹ́ẹ̀èdọ́gbọ̀n, nígbà tí wọ́n ṣàwárí iye àwọn ènìyàn 344 míràn tí wọ́n ní arùn COVID-9, iye àwọn tí eọ́ papò dà jẹ́ mẹ́wàá lápapọ̀.   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-nombre-de-contamines-est-desormais-de-638-dont-114-gueris/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/COVID-19 : Le nombre de contaminés est désormais de 638 dont 114 guéris|date=14 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-14|archive-date=24 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424075133/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-nombre-de-contamines-est-desormais-de-638-dont-114-gueris/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.informateur.info/coronavirus-la-cote-divoire-enregistre-un-total-de-146-gueris/|title=Coronavirus : La Côte d'Ivoire enregistre un total de 146 guéris|date=15 April 2020|website=Informateur.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìjọba ṣàfikún òfin kónílé-ó-gbélé títí di ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kèrin ntí wọ́n sì tún ní kí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ó wà ní títìpa títí di ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù Karùún. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/671529.html|title=COVID-19 : L'Etat d'urgence prorogé jusqu'au 30 avril|date=16 April 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-18|archive-date=23 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423173848/https://news.abidjan.net/h/671529.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://www.koaci.com/article/2020/04/16/cote-divoire/sante/cote-divoire-34-nouveaux-cas-de-coronavirus-47-nouveaux-gueris-espoir-le-taux-de-guerison-nen-finit-plus-de-progresser_140588.html|title=Côte d'Ivoire : 34 nouveaux cas de Coronavirus, 47 nouveaux guéris, espoir, le taux de guérison n'en finit plus de progresser|date=16 April 2020|website=Koaci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-16}}&lt;/ref&gt; Secretary-general [[Patrick Achi]] announced that he had tested positive.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/africa/2020-04-17-close-ally-of-ivory-coast-leader-contracts-coronavirus/|title=Close ally of Ivory Coast leader contracts coronavirus|website=DispatchLIVE.co.za|accessdate=20 April 2020|date=17 April 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603073608/https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/africa/2020-04-17-close-ally-of-ivory-coast-leader-contracts-coronavirus/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/56860-coronavirus-54-nouveaux-cas-d-infection-27-nouveaux-gueris|title=Coronavirus : 54 nouveaux cas d'infection, 27 nouveaux guéris|date=17 April 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://www.afriksoir.net/cote-ivoire-qui-sont-deux-dernieres-victimes-coronavirus/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Qui sont les deux dernières victims du Coronavirus ?|date=19 April 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/203984/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/covid-19point-de-la-situation--46-nouveaux-cas-d039infection-enregistres-portant-a-847-le-nombre-total-de-cas-confirmes-21-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-deces |title=Covid-19/Point de la situation : 46 nouveaux cas d'infection enregistrés, portant à 847 le nombre total de cas confirmés. 21 nouveaux guéris et 1 décès|date=19 April 2020|website=Fratmat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/204070/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/coronavirus-quelques-donnees-statistiques-sur-la-maladie-en-cote-d039ivoire-regions-touchees-les-cas-par-villes-et-quartiers-|title=Coronavirus : Quelques données sur la maladie en Côte d'Ivoire, régions touchées, les cas par villes et quartiers...|date=21 April 2020|website=Fratmat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-covid_1932-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-27-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-deces/|title=Côte d'Ivoire / COVID_19 : 32 nouveaux cas d'infection, 27 nouveaux guéris et 1 décès|date=20 April 2020|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5774-coronavirus-voici-le-point-de-ce-mardi-21-avril|title=Coronavirus : Voici le point de ce mardi 21 avril|date=21 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-21|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720110343/http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5774-coronavirus-voici-le-point-de-ce-mardi-21-avril|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Wọ́n ṣàwárí àwọn mẹ́rìndínlógójì míràn nígbà tí àwọn àpapọ̀ iye àwọn tí.wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ ọgọ́rún mẹ́ta ati mèwaá. Àwọn tí wọ́ papò dà jẹ́ mẹ́rìnlá lápapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200422-coronavirus-afrique-face-pand%C3%A9mie-mercredi-22-avril|title=Coronavirus : l'Afrique face à la pandémie mercredi 22 avril|date=22 April 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹtalélógún sí ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kẹ́rin, iye àwọn tí wọ́n ní àrùn COVID-9 jẹ́ 1275, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ 527, bákan naa ni iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n papò dà náà jẹ́ mẹ́wàá ní in oṣù kẹrin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26875/coronavirus-plus-de-1000-cas-confirmes-en-cote-deivoire-ministere-de-la-sante|title=Coronavirus : Plus de 1000 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministère de la Santé)|date=23 April 2020|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-23|archive-date=6 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706201925/https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26875/coronavirus-plus-de-1000-cas-confirmes-en-cote-deivoire-ministere-de-la-sante|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200424-coronavirus-afrique-face-pand%C3%A9mie-vendredi-24-avril|title=Coronavirus : l'Afrique face à la pandémie vendredi 24 avril|date=24 April 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/671964.html|title=COVID 19 : le nombre de cas confirmés passe à plus de 1100 en Côte d'Ivoire|date=25 April 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430193228/https://news.abidjan.net/h/671964.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5839-covid-19-point-de-la-situation-de-ce-dimanche-26-avril|title=Covid-19 : Point de la situation de ce dimanche 26 avril|date=26 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-26|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112810/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5839-covid-19-point-de-la-situation-de-ce-dimanche-26-avril|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1164-avec-14-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP / Covid-19 : le bilan passe à 1164 avec 14 nouveaux cas confirmés|date=27 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-27|archive-date=8 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508124749/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1164-avec-14-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440286-cote-divoire-malades-covid-19-gueris|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Près de 50% des malades du Covid-19, guéris|date=28 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-28|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112335/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440286-cote-divoire-malades-covid-19-gueris|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1238-cas-confirmes/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid 19 : le bilan passe à 1238 cas confirmés|date=29 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-29|archive-date=10 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510230633/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1238-cas-confirmes/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-37-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-ministre/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid-19 : 37 nouveaux cas confirmés (ministre)|date=30 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-30|archive-date=12 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512050909/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-37-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oṣù Karùún ọdún 2020 ===
* Ní ọjọ́ Kíní oṣù Karùún. Wọ́nr í akọsílẹ̀ méjìdínlọ́gọ́ta, nígbà tí àwọn aláàrẹ̀ mẹ́tàlélógún rí ìwòsàn gbà, tí àwọn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún ṣaláìsí lápapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5909-covid-19-le-point-de-a-situation-ce-vendredi-1er-mai|title=Covid{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 19 : Le point de a situation ce vendredi 1er Mai|date=1 May 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10974&amp;d=1#p|title=Coronavirus : les frontières terrestres, maritimes et aériennes ivoiriennes fermées à tout traffic de personnes, à compter du 22 mars 2020, à minuit|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù karùún, àwọn ènìyàn kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n ní wọ́n tún rí tí wọ́n fara kó àrùn COVID-9, nígbà tí àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n rí ìwòsàn gbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-29-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-en-cote-divoire-ministere-de-la-sante/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/COVID-19 : 29 nouveaux cas enregistrés en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministère de la santé)|date=3 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-03|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720110628/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-29-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-en-cote-divoire-ministere-de-la-sante/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹta sí ọjọ́ keje oṣù Karùún, iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ní arùn Kòrónà jẹ́ 177 tí ó mú kí iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ naa ó di 1571, iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gba jẹ́ 120 tí ó mú kí iye wọn lápapọ̀ jẹ́ 742, nígbà tí iye àwọn tí wọ́n kú jẹ́ ogún lápapọ̀. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde ré wípé kí.àwọn ilé-ékó g og o padà ní Ìlú [[Abjan 34ryr6rrt On 3 May there were two fatalities, 36 confirmed cases and 31 recoveries. The total number of confirmed cases stood at 1398 of which 653 had recovered and 17 deceased.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/trente-six-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire/|title=Trente-six nouveaux cas confirmés de Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire|date=3 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-03|archive-date=15 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515193241/https://aip.ci/trente-six-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo kerin osu karuun, won sawari eniyan merinlelogbon miran, ti awon ogoji eniyan si ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-34-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-et-40-nouveaux-malades-gueris/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/34 nouveaux cas confirmés de Covid-19 et 40 nouveaux malades guéris|date=4 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-05|archive-date=16 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516141048/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-34-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-et-40-nouveaux-malades-gueris/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo karuun iye awon ti won tun ni arun yi je mejilelogbon, ti o mu iye awon ti won ti ni arun yi lapapo je 1464 lapapo, ti awon mejo si ri iwosan gba. Bakan naa ni awon mejidinlogun padanu emi won si owo aisan Korona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/57260-coronavirus-32-nouveaux-cas-8-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-nouveau-deces|title=Coronavirus : 32 nouveaux cas, 8 nouveaux guéris et 1 nouveau décès|date=5 May 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440444-covid-19-1500-cas-franchie-cote-divoire|title=Covid-19 : La barre des 1500 cas déclarés positifs en Côte d'Ivoire, 721 guérisons et 18 décès|date=6 May 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-06|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112440/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440444-covid-19-1500-cas-franchie-cote-divoire|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo keje osu karuun, won ri akosile marundinlogota, awon aadoje ati ogoji o le meji eniyan ri iwosan gba lapapo. Iye awon ti won padanu emi won je ogun. Ijoba orile-ede Ivory Coast kede wipe awon yoo mu irorun ba igbokegbodo lilo bibo ni ilu Abidjan ni ojo keji, ti o fi mo awon ile-eko gbogbo titi di ojo keedogun osu karuun. Bakan naa ni awon yoo mu adinku ba ile koko irina ni ale si wakati metalelogun lati ojo kejo osu karuun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200508-cote-ivoire-assouplissement-mesures-province-coronavirus|title=Côte d'Ivoire : assouplissement des mesures contre le coronavirus en province|date=8 May 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.koaci.com/article/2020/05/08/cote-divoire/sante/cote-divoire-dans-lattente-du-15-mai-31-nouveaux-cas-de-coronavirus-12-nouveaux-gueris-et-pas-de-deces_141248.html|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Dans l'attente du 15 mai, 31 nouveaux cas de Coronavirus, 12 nouveaux guéris et pas de décès|date=8 May 2020|website=Koaci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-soixante-cinq-nouveaux-cas-de-contamination-enregistres-ce-samedi/|title=Côte{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} d'Ivoire-AIP/ COVID-19 : Soixante-cinq nouveaux cas de contamination enregistrés ce samedi|date
*Ni ojo kokanlelogbon osu karuun, won ni akosile merinlelogbon ti awon aadota eniyan ti won ti ni aare yi ri iwosan gba. Lati ibere, iye awon eniyan ti won ti fara kasa aisan yi ti ti di asiko yi je 2833, nigba ti awon 1435 ti ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32156-covid-19-34-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-31-mai-2020-portant-a-2833-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-50-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 34 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 31 mai 2020 portant à 2833 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 50 nouveaux guéris|date=31 May 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* On the same day, residents in the [[Yopougon]] district of [[Abidjan]] destroyed a testing centre that was being built.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-04-06 |title=Crowd in ICoast destroys coronavirus test centre |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/world/crowd-in-icoast-destroys-coronavirus-test-centre/ex34qv0 |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=8 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408161025/https://www.pulse.ng/news/world/crowd-in-icoast-destroys-coronavirus-test-centre/ex34qv0 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Osu Kefa odun 2020 ===
* Awon mokanlelogorun ni won tu sawari ni ojo kini ose kefa, nigba ti awon mejilelogbon ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-1er-juin-2020-118-nouveaux-cas-sur-611-prelevements-32-gueris-et-00-deces-au-total-2951-cas-confirmes-1467-gueris-33-deces-et-1451-cas-actifs/|title=Covid-19 : 1er juin 2020 : 118 nouveaux cas sur 611 prélèvements, 32 guéris et 00 décès. Au total 2951 cas confirmés, 1467 guéris, 33 décès et 1451 cas actifs|date=1 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-01|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729000739/https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-1er-juin-2020-118-nouveaux-cas-sur-611-prelevements-32-gueris-et-00-deces-au-total-2951-cas-confirmes-1467-gueris-33-deces-et-1451-cas-actifs/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo keji si ojo karuun osu kefa, iye awon ti won tun lugbadi arun yi je  ogorun merin o le aadorin. Nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba je or=goirun ogorun kan o le merindinlogoji, bakan naa ni iye awon ti won padanu emi won si owo arun Korona je meta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-3000-cas-confirmes-de-coronavirus-dg-sante/|title=La Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre des 3000 cas confirmés de coronavirus (DG Santé)|date=2 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-02|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728230831/https://aip.ci/la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-3000-cas-confirmes-de-coronavirus-dg-sante/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32182-covid-19-86-nouveaux-cas-ce-mercredi-03-juin-2020-portant-a-3110-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-29-nouveaux-gueris-2-nouveaux-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 86 nouveaux cas ce mercredi 03 juin 2020 portant à 3110 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 29 nouveaux guéris ; 2 nouveaux décès|date=3 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32198-covid-19-152-nouveaux-cas-ce-jeudi-04-juin-2020-portant-a-3262-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-54-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 152 nouveaux cas ce jeudi 04 juin 2020 portant à 3262 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 54 nouveaux guéris|date=4 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32208-covid-19-169-nouveaux-cas-ce-vendredi-05-juin-2020-portant-a-3431-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-20-nouveaux-gueris-1-nouveau-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 169 nouveaux cas ce vendredi 05 juin 2020 portant à 3431 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 20 nouveaux guéris ; 1 nouveau décès|date=5 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo kefa si ojo kejila osu kefa, egberun kan ati ogorun meta o le meedogun. Nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba je egberun merin ati ogorun meji o le mokanlelogoji. iye awon ti won ku je marundinlaadota lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32214-covid-19-126-nouveaux-cas-ce-samedi-06-juin-2020-portant-a-3557-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-146-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 126 nouveaux cas ce samedi 06 juin 2020 portant à 3557 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 146 nouveaux guéris|date=6 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32216-covid-19-182-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-07-juin-2020-portant-a-3739-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-68-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 182 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 07 juin 2020 portant à 3739 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 68 nouveaux guéris|date=7 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32222-covid-19-142-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-08-juin-2020-portant-a-3881-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-51-nouveaux-gueris-2-nouveaux-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 142 nouveaux cas ce lundi 08 juin 2020 portant à 3881 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 51 nouveaux guéris ; 2 nouveaux décès|date=8 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6352-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-9-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du 9 juin 2020|date=9 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728234009/http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6352-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-9-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexpressionci.com/cote-divoire-186-nouveaux-cas-de-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mercredi|title=Côte d'Ivoire : 186 nouveaux cas de covid 19 enregistrés ce mercredi|date=10 June 2020|website=L’expressionci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-10|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728231139/https://www.lexpressionci.com/cote-divoire-186-nouveaux-cas-de-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mercredi|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6389-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-jeudi-11-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du jeudi 11 juin 2020|date=11 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728232306/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6389-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-jeudi-11-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-280-nouveaux-cas-enregistree-en-24-heures-ministere/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid-19 : 280 nouveaux cas enregistrée en 24 heures (ministère)|date=12 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728230950/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-280-nouveaux-cas-enregistree-en-24-heures-ministere/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo keedogbon si ogbonjo osu kefa, iye awon ti won ti fara kasa arun COVID-19 lapapo je 9499, nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba goke si 4273, bakan naa ni iye awon ti won padanu emi won si inu aisan COVID-19 lapapo je 68. iye awon ti o ku ti won ko tii ri iwosan gba ti won ko si ku je 255 lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/58850-coronavirus-170-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-68-nouveaux-gueris-et-2-nouveaux-deces-ce-jeudi|title=Coronavirus : 170 nouveaux cas enregistrés, 68 nouveaux guéris et 2 nouveaux décès ce jeudi|date=25 June 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; The National Security Council decided that domestic flights could be resumed from 26 June and international flights from 1 July, while land and sea borders will remain closed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/675378.html|title=Côte d'Ivore/Covid-19 : reprise des vols internationaux à partir du 1er juillet 2020|date=25 June 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-25|archive-date=28 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628131901/https://news.abidjan.net/h/675378.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-26-juin-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivore : voici le point ce 26 juin 2020|language=fr-FR|date=26 June 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|access-date=2020-06-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-27-juin-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point ce 27 juin 2020|language=fr-FR|date=27 June 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|access-date=2020-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32404-covid-19-157-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-28-juin-2020-portant-a-9101-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-86-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 157 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 28 juin 2020 portant à 9101 cas confirmés en Côte d’Ivoire ; 86 nouveaux guéris|language=fr-FR|date=28 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|access-date=2020-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6615-covid-19-le-point-de-la-situation-du-lundi-29-juin-2020|title=Covid-19 : le point de la situation du lundi 29 juin 2020|date=29 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-29|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729024602/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6615-covid-19-le-point-de-la-situation-du-lundi-29-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6630-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-30-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du lundi 30 juin 2020|date=30 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728235727/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6630-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-30-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Osu kejo odun 2020===
* Ni ojo kini osu kejo, awon mejilelogota eniyan ni won fara kasa arun COVID-19, nigba ti iye awon ti won ti ni arun yi lapapo je 16109. Bakan naa ni awon iye awon ti won ri iwosan gba je 11750 lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/59988-coronavirus-62-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-et-322-nouveaux-gueris-ce-samedi|title=Coronavirus : 62 nouveaux cas enregistrés et 322 nouveaux guéris ce samedi|date=1 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Awon 73 eniyan ni won tun ni arun yi ni ojo keji osu kejo, ti awon mokanlelaadota ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/60000-coronavirus-73-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-et-51-nouveaux-gueris-ce-dimanche|title=Coronavirus : 73 nouveaux cas enregistrés et 51 nouveaux guéris ce dimanche|date=2 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Awon merindinlogoji  ni won sawari ni ojo keta, awon merinlelaadorin ni won gbadun lapapo ti o mu iye awon ti won ti gbadun goke si 11887.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32652-covid-19-38-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-03-aout-2020-portant-a-16220-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-86-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 38 nouveaux cas ce lundi 03 août 2020 portant à 16220 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 86 nouveaux guéris|date=3 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;
awon 73 ni won ri ni ojo kerin, ti o mu ki iye awon alaare naa goke si  16293. Awon mejo o le ogota eniyan ni won ri iwosan gba nigba ti apapo iye won je 11955. Awon metalelogorun ni won ti gbekuru je lowo ebora lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-4-aout-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point de la situation ce 4 août 2020|date=4 August 2020|website=YECLO.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Lati ojo karn osu kejo si ogbonjo osu kejo, awon eniyan ti won ti ni arun COVID-19 je 17948, awon eniyan ti won ti ri iwosan gba lapapo je 16699.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32668-covid-19-56-nouveaux-cas-ce-mercredi-05-aout-2020-portant-a-16349-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-236-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 56 nouveaux cas ce mercredi 05 août 2020 portant à 16349 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 236 nouveaux guéris|date=5 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/7069-le-point-de-la-situation-de-la-covid-19-du-6-aout-2020|title=Le point de la situation de la COVID-19 du 6 Août 2020|date=6 August 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-06|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227100913/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/7069-le-point-de-la-situation-de-la-covid-19-du-6-aout-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-au-07-aout-77-nouveaux-cas-sur-924-prelevements-159-nouveaux-gueris-01-deces-au-total-16524-cas-confirmes-12802-gueris-104-deces-3618-cas-actifs/|title=Covid-19 au 07 août : 77 nouveaux cas sur 924 prélèvements, 159 nouveaux guéris, 01 décès . Au total, 16524 cas confirmés, 12802 guéris, 104 décès, 3618 cas actifs|date=7 August 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-07}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32688-covid-19-96-nouveaux-cas-ce-samedi-08-aout-2020-portant-a-16620-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-91-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 96 nouveaux cas ce samedi 08 août 2020 portant à 16620 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 91 nouveaux guéris|date=8 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/60196-coronavirus-95-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-33-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-nouveau-deces-ce-dimanche|title=Coronavirus : 95 nouveaux cas enregistrés, 33 nouveaux guéris et 1 nouveau décès ce dimanche|date=9 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32698-covid-19-83-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-10-aout-2020-portant-a-16798-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-126-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 83 nouveaux cas ce lundi 10 août 2020 portant à 16798 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 126 nouveaux guéris|date=10 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo kokanlelogbon osu kejo, won tun ri akosile tuntun ti o to ogorun kan o le mokandinlogun ti o mu ki iye awon ti won ni aisan yi o je  18067, nigba ti iye awon ti won ri iwosan gba lapapo je 16699. Iye awon ti won ku je 117 nipari osu kejo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-au-31-aout-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point au 31 août 2020|date=31 August 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ tún lè wo ==
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in Africa]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism]]

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn Ìtàkùn ìjásóde ==

* [http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=11168 Government of Cote D'Ivoire - COVID-19 Page]

{{COVID-19 pandemic}}
{{COVID-19 pandemic in Africa}}

{{#related:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic}}
{{#related:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Africa}}
{{#related:2020 in Ivory Coast}}

[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast| ]]
[[Category:2020 in Ivory Coast|Coronavirus pandemic]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic by country|Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in Africa|Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Disease outbreaks in Ivory Coast]]</text>
      <sha1>arxaaoojdw5kwd9ce3hfa43jv2ozvsj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lucie Memba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70249</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622249</id>
      <parentid>619975</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T10:25:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622249</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8675" sha1="j4pv7gr8xtcudvxk61x8ze55odo5v3q" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Lucie Memba|image=[[File:Lucie Memba Bos (cropped).jpg|thumb|]]|caption=Lucie Memba|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1987}}|birth_place=Dschang, West Region [[Cameroon]]|nationality=Cameroonian|citizenship=Cameroonian (1987–present)|occupation=Asejagbejade ere, Osere|years_active=1999–titi di isinyi}}'''Lucie Memba Bos''' je osere ati aberejade omo ilu [[Cameroon]] ti won bi ni odun 1987, oti kopa ninu awon ere ede Faranse ati ede geesi&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://nigercultures.net/en/file.person.lucie-memba.27449.html|title=Nigercultures - Lucie Memba|website=nigercultures.net|accessdate=22 September 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920191316/http://nigercultures.net/en/file.person.lucie-memba.27449.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Won ye si pelu ami eye osere iwaju ti o dara ju ni [[Cinema titi cameroon]] fun awon esere elede Faranse ni Cameroon Movies Merit Award (CMMA) titi odun 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=QUI EST LUCIE MEMBA BOS ?|url=http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html|work=culturebene.com|language=french|date=1 August 2016|accessdate=18 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; O ko ipa ninu ere [[Nollywood]] ti akori re Pink Poison pelu [[Jim Iyke]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html|title=TIPTOPSTARS - ONLINE MAGAZINE Array Pink Poison Reloaded: Culture minister visits actors on location|first=Ernest|last=Kanjo|website=www.tiptopstars.com|accessdate=22 September 2017|archive-date=3 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203142533/http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; ati Far pelu [[Dakore|Dakore Akande]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://irepcamer.com/2014/10/29/camer-flim-alert-far-movie-premiere/|title=CAMER FILM ALERT: THE &quot;FAR&quot; MOVIE PREMIERE THIS WEEKEND - I Rep Camer|date=29 October 2014|website=irepcamer.com|accessdate=22 September 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920191110/http://irepcamer.com/2014/10/29/camer-flim-alert-far-movie-premiere/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ni odun 2014 o se ifi lole L.M.B production, eleyi ti o so ni oruko e. O se agbejade ere cameroon ti akori e je Paradise, ni odun yi na ose agbejade ere LA Patrie D'Abord, ere ogun ti won fi ranti awon ajagun Cameroon&lt;ref name=&quot;culturebene.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html|title=Qui est Lucie MEMBA BOS ? - Culturebene|date=1 August 2016|website=culturebene.com|accessdate=22 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni odun 2017, won yan fun osere birin ile Cameroon ti o dara julo fun ami eye  ''Trophees Francophes Du Cinema,'' fun ipa re ninu ere ''La Patrie D'abord''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.trophees-francophones.org/les-nominations |access-date=2020-10-18 |archive-date=2017-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016174545/https://www.trophees-francophones.org/les-nominations |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ==
Won bi Lucie ni [[Dschang West Region]] titi [[Cameroon]] osi dagba si [[Bafoussam]] ibi ti oti bere ise modeli lehin na ni obere ise osere. O ga oye-oye ni Baccalauréat philosophique owa ko lo si ilu [[Douala]] fun awon ise imi.&lt;ref name=&quot;culturebene.com2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.culturebene.com/22506-qui-est-lucie-memba-bos.html|title=Qui est Lucie MEMBA BOS ? - Culturebene|date=1 August 2016|website=culturebene.com|accessdate=22 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ko si alaye llori ojo ibi e, awon kan gba pe odun 1987  ni won bi.

== Ise ==
Lucie koko jade ninu ere &quot;Emoin A Seduire&quot; ni odun 1999 nigba ti [[Cinema titi Cameroon]] sese n dagba&lt;ref name=&quot;tendancespeoplemag.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tendancespeoplemag.com/?p=2272|title=Lucie Memba Bos:  Passionnée du 7ème art – Tendancespeoplemag|website=tendancespeoplemag.com|accessdate=22 September 2017}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; O di gbajumo ni odun 2008 lehin igbano ni o gba ami eye osere ti o dara julo fun CMMA Cameroon Movies Merit Award ni odun 2013. O se agbekale ile ise titi eh no, eyi ti o pe ni Lucie Memba Bos (LMB). Ohun lo gbe ere Paradise jade, ise  e ninu La patrie d’abord, je eyi ti oje gbajumo fun gege bi alagbejade ise na, fiimu na ni won fi pan awon ologun Cameroon le, ni odun 2014 otun bawon se abejade ere &quot;Ntah Napi&quot; eleyi ti ogba ami eye fun ere faranse ti o dara julo lowo [[Ecrans Noirs]]&lt;ref name=&quot;dcodedtv.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dcodedtv.com/lucie-memba-zack-orji-new-movie/|title=Lucie Memba to star alongside Nollywood actor Zack Orji in new film – Dcoded TV|website=dcodedtv.com|accessdate=22 September 2017}}{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Owa lara awon osere ilu Cameroon ti ise won ti di mimo lati ajo asa ati ise ti ilu Cameroon, owa lara awon ti o pade [[Ama Tutu Muna]] eyi ti o se abewo si ibi ti won ti se ere Pink Poison ni Buea&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html|title=TIPTOPSTARS - ONLINE MAGAZINE Array Pink Poison Reloaded: Culture minister visits actors on location|first=Ernest|last=Kanjo|website=www.tiptopstars.com|accessdate=22 September 2017|archive-date=3 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203142533/http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/671-pink-poison-reloaded-culture-minister-visits-actors-on-location.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni odun 2016 won ni ohun ni osere ilu Cameroon ti on dan ju lati owo Le Film Camerounais&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://lefilmcamerounais.com/2016/08/09/people-lucie-memba-bos-actrice-la-plus-glamour-2016/|title=PEOPLE : Lucie Memba Bos, actrice la plus glamour 2016|date=9 August 2016|website=lefilmcamerounais.com|accessdate=22 September 2017}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Otun je gbajumo fun ere Fast Life pelu osere okurin Thomas Nguijol.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=18634466.html&lt;/ref&gt; O sise pelu Tribe Africa Media lati fifehan si awon Afin ni ilu Cameroon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://tinygossip.wordpress.com/2017/06/13/today-is-world-albino-daysee-how-memba-lucielaura-davealain-ngann-and-more-celebrates-this-dayphotos%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87/|title=Today is world Albino day,See how Memba Lucie,Laura Dave,Alain Ngann and more celebrates this day(photos)⬇⬇⬇|date=13 June 2017|website=wordpress.com|accessdate=22 September 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920190957/https://tinygossip.wordpress.com/2017/06/13/today-is-world-albino-daysee-how-memba-lucielaura-davealain-ngann-and-more-celebrates-this-dayphotos%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87%E2%AC%87/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{cquote}}

Yato si iṣẹ rẹ ni fiimu, ni ọdun 2008, Guinness [[Kamẹrúùnù|Cameroon]] gba si ise gẹgẹbi oluṣowo titaja 

== Igbesi aye ara ẹni ==
Ni osu kesan odun 2017, Lucie pade pẹlu akọọlẹ bọọlu afẹsẹgba Ilu Cameroon [[Samuel Eto'o]] ni Douala &lt;ref&gt;https://dcodedtv.com/lucie-memba-gushes-over-samuel-etoo/{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awon Asayan Ere ==

=== Odun 2011 si 2017 ===

* '' Deiting the 6th''
* '' Ntah napi de ousmane stéphane et sergio marcellos''
* '' Paradise''
* '' W.a.k.a''
* '' First country''
* '' La maladie''
* '' Mission secrete''
* '' Far'' With Dakore Akande
* '' Pink Poison '' with Jim Iyke
* ''Le Blanc D’Eyanga''
* ''a Partrie D’abord''
* ''Fast Life''

=== Odun 2009 ===

* '' Sweet home de ghislain amougou ''
* '' Passion. Com de serge kendjo ''

=== Odun 2008 ===

* '' Série Paradis D’ousmane Stéphane''
* '' Série Le Monde De Loïc, De Raphaël Matouke''
* '' Virus Squad''

== Awards ati ti idanimọ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
!Odun
! Eye
! Ẹka
! Olugba
! Esi
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2017
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | TROPHEES FRANCOPHONES DU CINEMA
| Ti o dara ju oṣere
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Funrararẹ| {{Nom}}
|-
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Ọdun 2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Eye Awọn ere Fiimu Ilu Kamẹrin (CMMA)
| Ti o dara ju oṣere
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Funrararẹ| {{won}}
|-
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | Ọdun 2014
| Encrain Noir
| Fiimu Faranse ti o dara julọ
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; | Iṣẹ rẹ| {{won}}
|-
|}

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1987]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>j4pv7gr8xtcudvxk61x8ze55odo5v3q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Idiat Ṣóbándé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70394</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622169</id>
      <parentid>598625</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:46:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622169</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3014" sha1="iwipvmqtegkkng7qvd96f0tl7ckm16v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''[[Aramotu]]''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to [[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]], that her role in ''[[Aramotu]]'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''[[Aramotu]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''[[Aramotu]]''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>iwipvmqtegkkng7qvd96f0tl7ckm16v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622170</id>
      <parentid>622169</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:46:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>622170</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3010" sha1="kyeeu4ijb5z8x9uyj2eunqqcjqy7exz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to [[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]], that her role in ''[[Aramotu]]'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''[[Aramotu]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''[[Aramotu]]''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>kyeeu4ijb5z8x9uyj2eunqqcjqy7exz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622171</id>
      <parentid>622170</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:47:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622171</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2987" sha1="rmlfdtao9u7ovxtkcxzo64t2ylanrw0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''[[Aramotu]]'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''[[Aramotu]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''[[Aramotu]]''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>rmlfdtao9u7ovxtkcxzo64t2ylanrw0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622172</id>
      <parentid>622171</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:47:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622172</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2983" sha1="9e8h1t6w252r5asffzs6fjqirqjvk9z" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''Aramotu'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''[[Aramotu]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''[[Aramotu]]''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>9e8h1t6w252r5asffzs6fjqirqjvk9z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622173</id>
      <parentid>622172</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:47:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2979" sha1="s1qot3hds4rkqpg4e1vwgqsll29cm1c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''Aramotu'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''Aramotu''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''[[Aramotu]]''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>s1qot3hds4rkqpg4e1vwgqsll29cm1c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622174</id>
      <parentid>622173</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:47:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622174</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2975" sha1="4rp7i3cqk3pgssgxwjy1xqpxia0k9oe" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''Aramotu'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''Aramotu''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''Aramotu''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  [[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role]], bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>4rp7i3cqk3pgssgxwjy1xqpxia0k9oe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622175</id>
      <parentid>622174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:47:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622175</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2971" sha1="8y8mcp8oxjelbk3l39frejgc4s1dc1f" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''Aramotu'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''Aramotu''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''Aramotu''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, [[Ama Abebrese]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>8y8mcp8oxjelbk3l39frejgc4s1dc1f</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622176</id>
      <parentid>622175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T22:48:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AashaKhan1410</username>
        <id>31602</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622176</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2967" sha1="pdr07xksj21hrud0w80sqh62a4spj10" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name          = Idiat Ṣóbándé
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn ]]
| nationality   = [[Nàìjíríà]]
| education     = 
| children      = 2
| occupation    = Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò 
| years_active     = Ọdún 1995 sí àkókò yìí 
| known_for        = ''[[Aramotu]]'' 
}}

'''Idiat Ṣóbándé''' jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ Òṣèrébìnrin sinimá àgbéléwò èdè [[Yorùbá]] ọmọ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn ẹ̀yẹ ti Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn, Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role lọ́dún 2011 fún ipa tí ó kó nínú sinimá àgbéléwò, ''Aramotu''.

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Idiat jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn. Ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ tíátà lọ́dún 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208040358.html |title=Nigeria: I Do Not Lobby for Roles, Says AMAA Award Nominee, Shobande |last=Adebayo |first=Abimbola |date=2012-08-03 |website=allAfrica.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2011, Idiat revealed to Vanguard, that her role in ''Aramotu'' as a woman of affluence, prompted her to champion a case for gender equality in Nigeria.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/12/idiat-sobande-of-aramotu-fame-may-remarry/ |title=Idiat Sobande of Aramotu fame may remarry  |date=2011-12-31 |website=vanguardngr.com |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt; Idiat ti kópa nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ sinimá àgbéléwò èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni; ''Iyawo Sààráà'', ''Àbọ̀dé Mecca'', ''Kóńdó Ọlọ́pàá'', ''Ọmọ Ìyá Àjọ'' and ''Aramotu''.&lt;ref name=&quot;one&quot; /&gt; Other notable films includes, ''Kondo Olopa'' (2007), ''Láròdá òjò'' (2008) and ''Ìgbẹ̀yìn Ewúro'' (2009).

Lọ́dún 2010, Idiat kópa olú ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú sinimá ''Aramotu''. Sinimá tó sọ nípa ipa pàtàkì tí àwọn obìnrin Yorùbá láwùjọ. Ipa yìí mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmìn-ẹ̀yẹ Òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù ní ìpò olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn,  Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò gbà á. Ó pàdánù àmì ẹ̀yẹ fún akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, Ama Abebrese &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |title=How Aramotu was born |website=nigeriafilms.com |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107151649/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/movie-news/91-directors-producers-report/9754-how-aramotu-was-born |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://thenet.ng/2011/02/amaa-reveals-2011-nominations-list/ |title=AMAA reveals 2011 nominations list |date=2011-02-26 |website=thenet.ng |access-date=2017-11-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>pdr07xksj21hrud0w80sqh62a4spj10</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Linda Osifo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70584</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622247</id>
      <parentid>620842</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T10:12:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6221" sha1="4125ednb48ozmvguuxbsek4cioa8s87" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox actor|name=Linda Adesuwa Osifo|birth_place=Benin, Edo State, Nigeria|occupation=Actress, TV Host|years_active=2013 - Present|birth_date=1991 July 27|image=Linda Osifo on NdaniTV TGIF show March 2019.png|caption=in 2019}}

'''Linda Osifo''' (bíi ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje ọdún 1991)jẹ́ òṣèré àti atọkun ètò lórí tẹlẹfíṣọ̀nù ní orílẹ̀ èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/09/bn-style-focus-linda-osifos-9-stylish-moments-wearing-nigerian-designs-gntjackpot-show/|title=BN Style Focus: Linda Osifo's 9 Most Stylish Moments wearing Nigerian Designs on #GntJackpot Show - BellaNaija|website=www.bellanaija.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-04-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://stargist.com/cover/linda-osifo-biography-wikipedia-profile/|title=7 Things You Probably Didn’t Know About Actress, Linda Osifo|date=2017-10-30|work=Nigerian Celebrity News + Latest Entertainment News|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-05-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522084814/https://stargist.com/cover/linda-osifo-biography-wikipedia-profile/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/linda-osifo-talks-career-sexual-harassment-in-nollywood-id7693136.html|title=Linda Osifo talks career, sexual harassment in Nollywood|last=Izuzu|first=Chidumga|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US|archivedate=2018-06-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623033326/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/linda-osifo-talks-career-sexual-harassment-in-nollywood-id7693136.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/being-a-lady-in-entertainment-is-hard-linda-osifo/|title=Being a lady in entertainment  is hard –Linda Osifo|work=Punch Newspapers|access-date=2018-04-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Ó gbé ipò kejì nínú ìdíje Miss Nigeria Entertainment ní ọdún 2011, ó sì gbé ipò kẹta níbi ìdíje Miss AfriCanada ní ọdún 2011. Ní ọdún 2015, wọ́n yàán fún àmì ẹ̀yẹ láti ọ̀dọ̀ ELOY Awards&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ebonylifetv.com/2015/10/07/yemi-alade-seyi-shay-cynthia-kamalu-linda-osifo-nominated-for-eloy-awards/|title=Yemi Alade, Seyi Shay, Cynthia Kamalu, Linda Osifo nominated for ELOY Awards {{!}} EbonyLife TV|website=ebonylifetv.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620101235/http://ebonylifetv.com/2015/10/07/yemi-alade-seyi-shay-cynthia-kamalu-linda-osifo-nominated-for-eloy-awards/|archive-date=2018-06-20|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; fún ipa tí ó kó nínú eré Desperate Housewives Africa. Òun ní olùdásílẹ̀ LAOFFoundation. 

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Linda sí [[ìlú Benin]] ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ẹdó]]. Òun ní obìnrin àkọ́bí tí àwọn òbí rẹ bí. Ó gboyè nínú ìmò [[Psychology]] láti ilé ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí York University ní ọdún 2013. 

== Iṣẹ́ ==
Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ṣíṣe ní ọdún 2012, pẹ̀lú eré Family Secrets, In [[New Jersey]] èyí tí Ikechukwu ṣe adarí fún&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/533-series-family-secrets-is-next-explosion.html|title=TIPTOPSTARS - ONLINE MAGAZINE Array Series: Family Secrets is next explosion|last=Kanjo|first=Ernest|website=www.tiptopstars.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-04-26|archive-date=2018-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620101230/http://www.tiptopstars.com/mtdv/movies/nollywood-movies/533-series-family-secrets-is-next-explosion.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Lèyín tí ó padà sí ìlú [[Nàìjíríà]] ní ọdún 2013, ó farahàn nínú eré King Akubueze.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://blog.irokotv.com/clem-ohameze-michael-godson-nuella/|title=Clem Ohameze, Michael Godson &amp; Nuella Njubuigbo Star In KING AKUBUEZE - Powered By iROKOtv PLUS - irokotv blog|date=2014-04-04|work=irokotv blog|access-date=2018-04-26|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kọ ipa Nínà Fire nínú eré Tinsel. Ní ọdún 2017, ó kó ipa Adesuwa Dakolo nínú eré Fifty&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Fifty (TV Series 2017– )|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7325262/fullcredits|accessdate=2018-04-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti ipa Noweyhon nínú eré Jemeji&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.pictame.com/tag/AMJEMEJI|title=Images about #AMJEMEJI tag on instagram|website=www.pictame.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-26}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Òun  àti Segun Arinze ní atọ́kun fún ètò Give n Take National Jackpot&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.cknnigeria.com/2017/06/give-n-take-national-lottery-jackpot.html|title=GIVE N TAKE NATIONAL LOTTERY JACKPOT WITH SEGUN ARINZE STARTS JUNE 25TH|access-date=2018-04-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2018, ó wá láàrin àwọn tí ó ṣe ìpolówó fún Campari Make it Red.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/06/2baba-harrysong-tobi-teddya-linda-osifo-others-headlines-launch-campari-make-red/|title=2Baba, Harrysong, Tobi, Teddya, Linda Osifo &amp; Others Headlines The Launch of Campari ‘Make it Red’ - Vanguard News|date=2018-06-21|work=Vanguard News|access-date=2018-06-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àmì ẹ̀yẹ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
!'''Ẹ̀bùn'''
!'''Category'''
!Èsì
|-
|2016
|Diaspora Entertainment Awards
|Best Actress
|Nominated
|-
|2015
|African Entertainment Awards Canada
|Best Actor
|Won&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2017/07/full-list-nominees-2017-african-entertainment-awards/|title=Full List of Nominees at 2017 African Entertainment Awards {{!}} 360Nobs.com|website=www.360nobs.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-04-25|archive-date=2018-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426144156/https://www.360nobs.com/2017/07/full-list-nominees-2017-african-entertainment-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|Exquisite Ladies of the Year Award
|Best Actress in a series
|Nominated
|-
|2018
|Starzz Award
|Creative Actor of the Year
|Won
|}

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kàsi ==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>4125ednb48ozmvguuxbsek4cioa8s87</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Marina Niava</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70656</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622250</id>
      <parentid>596984</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T10:42:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622250</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7881" sha1="f41cbe2vh6s23z3ykoeodvjx0owapc3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Marina Niava|image=|alt=&lt;!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --&gt;|caption=|birth_name=&lt;!-- only use if different from name --&gt;|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1985}}|birth_place=|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=Ivorian|other_names=|known_for=|years_active=2009-present|occupation=Film director, producer, screenwriter|notable_works=}}
'''Marina Niava''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọdún 1985) jẹ́ olùdarí eré, agbéréjáde àti ònkọ̀tàn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Côte d'Ivoire]].

== Ìsẹ̀mí rẹ̀ ==
Niava ni àbígbẹ̀yìn àwọn òbí rẹ̀ tí wọ́n ṣe Pierre àti Cécile Niava. Olùkọ́ akọ́nilédè ni àwọn òbí rẹ̀ méjéèjì.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|language=French|title=[Interview] Marina Niava, réalisatrice et cinéaste ivoirienne|work=Ayanawebzine|date=25 July 2014|url=https://ayanawebzine.com/en-vedette/marina-niava-realisatrice-cineaste-notre-cinema-est-vegetatif-et-ici-il-nexiste-pas-dindustrie-du-cinema/|accessdate=18 October 2020}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba oyè-ẹ̀kọ́ láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Lycée Sainte Marie d'Abidjan, tó sì tún gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Series A Excellence Award fún píparí ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ lọ́nà tó peregedé. Lẹ́hìn tí ó gba oyè-ẹ̀kọ́ nínu ìmọ̀ ìgbéróyìn  láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Institut des Sciences et Techniques de la Communication, Niava gbégbá orókè níbi ìdíje kan tí ilé-iṣẹ́ Radio JAM ṣe ní ìlú [[Abidjan]]. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ agbéròyìn fún ilé-iṣẹ́ Africa 24.&lt;ref name=&quot;cineaste&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Marina Niava Cinéaste|url=https://www.abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|website=Abidjan.net|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513125613/http://abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Niava bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ní ìfẹ́ sí iṣẹ́ sinimá nígbà kan tí ó fi ṣiṣẹ́ lóri ìpolówó ọjà kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;topsuccess&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.africatopsuccess.com/2014/08/12/marina-niava-la-cineaste-ivoirienne-qui-perce-aux-usa/|title=Marina Niava : la cinéaste ivoirienne qui perce aux USA|date=12 August 2014|website=Africatopsuccess.com|archivedate=29 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229053440/https://www.africatopsuccess.com/2014/08/12/marina-niava-la-cineaste-ivoirienne-qui-perce-aux-usa/|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti ọdún 2009 sí 2010, Niava ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́bi ònkọ̀tàn fún abala àkọ́kọ́ ti eré tẹlifíṣọ̀nù alátìgbà-dègbà tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Teenager'', èyítí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ gẹ́gẹ́ bi eré alátìgbà-dègbà tí ó dára jùlọ ní ilẹ̀ Áfríkà níbi ayẹyẹVues d'Afrique Festival tí ó wáyé ní ìlú Montreal. Ó kó lọ sí ìlú [[Oslo]], ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nórwèy ní ọdún 2010 tó sì di ọ̀gá ní ẹ̀ka ìbaraẹnisọ̀rọ̀ ti ilé-iṣẹ́ African Cultural Center. Niava ṣe aláàmójútó àjọ̀dún Kino Afrika Film Festivals ti ọdún 2010 àti 2011 ní ìlú Oslo.&lt;ref name=&quot;cineaste5&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Marina Niava Cinéaste|url=https://www.abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|website=Abidjan.net|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513125613/http://abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ níbi ètò BENIANH International Foundation's Excellent Scholarship Program ní ọdún 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Caravane de L’excellence : La fondation Benianh lance l’étape de EMPT|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/624792.html|website=Abidjan.net|accessdate=18 October 2020|date=26 October 2017|language=French|archive-date=5 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505072903/https://news.abidjan.net/h/624792.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kẹẹ̀wá ọdún 2012, ó ṣe adarí fíìmù ìrírí fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀. Àkọ́lé fíìmù náà ni ''Noirs au soleil levant'', èyí tí ó dá lóri ìgbésí ayé àwọn ọmọ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilẹ̀ Áfríkà ní ìlú Tsukuba, orílẹ̀-èdè Japan. Àkọ́kọ́ fíìmù àròṣe rẹ̀ tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''21'' jáde ní Oṣù kejìlá ọdún 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;cineaste6&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Marina Niava Cinéaste|url=https://www.abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|website=Abidjan.net|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French|archive-date=13 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513125613/http://abidjan.net/qui/profil.asp?id=981|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ààjọ kan tí wọ́n pè ní Organisation internationale de la Francophonie ló ṣe onígbọ̀wọ́ fíìmù náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|language=French|last=Motte|first=Sophie|title=Télévision : les séries africaines crèvent l’écran|date=28 February 2018|work=[[Le Monde]]|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2018/02/28/television-les-series-africaines-crevent-l-ecran_5263576_3212.html|accessdate=18 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Niava tún ṣe adarí eré táa pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní ''Worse'' ní ọdún 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;topsuccess4&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.africatopsuccess.com/2014/08/12/marina-niava-la-cineaste-ivoirienne-qui-perce-aux-usa/|title=Marina Niava : la cinéaste ivoirienne qui perce aux USA|date=12 August 2014|website=Africatopsuccess.com|archivedate=29 February 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229053440/https://www.africatopsuccess.com/2014/08/12/marina-niava-la-cineaste-ivoirienne-qui-perce-aux-usa/|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún ṣiṣẹ́ lóri fíìmù ọdún 2015 kan tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Advantageous''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Young Media Professionals|url=https://www.commdev.org/young-media-professionals/#toggle-id-5|website=CommDev|accessdate=18 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Niava gba oye gíga nínu ìmọ̀ nípa Fíìmù àti Tẹlifíṣọ̀nù láti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ''Academy of Art University''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Portrait/Marina Niava: écrivaine et cinéaste dans l'âme|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/3918-portraitmarina-niava-ecrivaine-et-cineaste-dans-lame|website=Presse Cote d'Ivoire|accessdate=18 October 2020|language=French|date=26 October 2019|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018184716/http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/3918-portraitmarina-niava-ecrivaine-et-cineaste-dans-lame|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2017, Niava kọ àkọ́kọ́ ìwé-ìtàn rẹ̀ tí ó pe àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ní, ''American Dreamer''. Ìwé náà jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwé tí ó wà níbi àṣekágbá ti ìdíje ''10th Prix Ivoire pour la Littérature Africaine d'Expression Francophone''. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Effoumy|first1=Yannick|title=LA LISTE DES OUVRAGES FINALISTES DU PRIX IVOIRE 2017|url=https://lifemag-ci.com/la-liste-des-ouvrages-finalistes-du-prix-ivoire-2017/|accessdate=18 October 2020|work=Life Mag|date=2 August 2017|language=French|archivedate=30 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130134520/https://lifemag-ci.com/la-liste-des-ouvrages-finalistes-du-prix-ivoire-2017/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àṣàyàn àwọn eré rẹ̀ ==

* 2009-2010: ''Teenager'' (TV series, co-writer)
* 2012: ''Noirs au soleil levant'' (short film, director)
* 2013: ''21'' (short film, writer/director)
* 2014: ''Worse'' (short film, writer/director)

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn ìtakùn Ìjásóde ==

* [[imdbname:7513290|Marina Niava]] at the [[:en:Internet_Movie_Database|Internet Movie Database]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1985]]</text>
      <sha1>f41cbe2vh6s23z3ykoeodvjx0owapc3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abiola Dosunmu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>72391</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622224</id>
      <parentid>618025</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T00:32:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622224</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11051" sha1="nhe5lls9ja9bats5zfeubqayrwzflcd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty|name=Abiola Dosunmu|alt=|title=[[Erelu Kuti|Erelu Kuti of Lagos]]|image=|caption=Abiola Dosunmu in her chiefly regalia|birth_name=Abiola Dosunmu|birth_date={{#statements:P569}}|birth_place=[[Kano, Nigeria]]|death_date=|death_place=|burial_date=|burial_place=|spouse=Major Adekunle Elegbede (widowed) &lt;br&gt; Chief [[Antonio Deinde Fernandez]] (divorced)|issue={{plainlist|
* Kunle Elegbede
* Adewunmi Elegbede
* Antoinette Oyinkansola Fernandez
}}|house={{plainlist|
* [[Dosunmu]] (by birth)	
* Olumegbon (by marriage)	
}}|father=[[Omoba]] Adewunmi Dosunmu|mother=[[Olori]] Adejoke Dosunmu|signature=}}Olóyè '''Abiola Dosunmu''' (tí ó fìgbà kan jẹ́ '''Dosunmu-Elegbede-Fernandez''', tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejẹ ọdún 1947), jẹ́ oníṣòwò, gbajúmọ̀ àti Olóyè ìbílẹ̀ ní ilẹ̀ [[Nàìjíríà]]. Ní àfikún sí àwọn oyè oríṣiríṣị tó jẹ, òun ni Erelu Kuti IV ti [[Èkó]].

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Abiola Dosunmu sí ìlú [[Kano]], ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejẹ ọdún 1947, sínú ìdílé ọlọ́ba ti Omoba Adewunmi àti [[Olori]] Adejoke Dosunmu ti [[Lagos Island]]. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ìran Oba [[Dosunmu]] ti [[Èkó]], èyí tó sì mu tan mọ́ ìdílé ọba ti ilẹ̀ [[Yorùbá]] àti Bini.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Published|url=https://punchng.com/lagos-is-an-extension-of-benin-erelu-dosunmu/|title=Lagos is an extension of Benin – Erelu Dosunmu – Punch Newspapers|publisher=Punchng.com|date=2017-12-10|accessdate=2020-04-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/01/erelu-dosunmu-a-voice-for-the-recognition-of-indigenous-lagosians/|title=Erelu Dosunmu : A voice for the recognition of indigenous Lagosians|date=2019-01-18|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyá-ìyá rẹ̀ jẹ́ Iyalode ní Owu Egba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://punchng.com/at-over-70-im-as-young-enterprising-as-i-used-to-be-erelu-dosunmu/|website=Punchng.com|title=At over 70, I'm as young, enterprising as I used to be - Erelu Dosunmu|date=13 September 2020|accessdate=November 1, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ayé rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Erelu Kuti IV tí Èkó ==
Ọ̀kan lára àwọn mọ̀lẹ́bí rẹ̀, ìyẹn Oba Adeyinka Oyekan tí Èkó ló fi Abiola Dosunmu jẹ Erelu Kuti IV tí Èkó, ní ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://m.guardian.ng/news/dosunmu-70th-birthday-lecture-holds-friday/|title=Dosunmu 70th Birthday Lecture Holds Friday|date=July 25, 2017|accessdate=April 28, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí sì sọ ọ́ di Ìyáàfin tó jẹ Adelé ní Èkó lẹ́yìn ti Baálè kan wàjà, ó wà ní ipò yìí títí àwọn afọbajẹ fi yan ẹlòmíì sípò náà. Láti ìgbà náà ló sì ti di Erelu Kuti, tí ó sì tún di ipò tí àwọn ọmọbìnrin ní ìdihlé ọba máa ń jẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mediaroomhub.com/erelu-abiola-dosunmu-the-woman-king/|website=mediaroomhub.com|title=Erelu Abiola Dosunmu: The Woman King|accessdate=December 16, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ojúṣe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olóyè ===

==== Ní Èkó ====
Àwọ ojúṣe Erelu Kuti ti Èkó ni:

* jíjẹ́ olùdámọ̀ràn àwọn olórí ìbílè ti Èkó.
* jíjẹ́ agbaninímọ̀ràn lórí àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tó jẹ mọ́ ayẹyẹ bíi ayẹyẹ ìfọbajẹ àti ìwúyè.
* jíjẹ́ adarí ìbílè fún àwọn ẹgbẹ́ obìnrin lóríṣiríṣi.
* jíjẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ-ẹgbẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ afọbajẹ.

==== Níbòmìíràn ====

* jíjẹ́ ọmọ-ẹgbẹ́ Ogboni ní ìlú [[Ẹ̀gbá]]
* jíjẹ́ ìyá olorì ti [[Ilé-Ifẹ̀]]

== Àwọn tó ba dupò ==
Arábìnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Dosunmu fi lélẹ̀ pé òun ni Erelu Kuti, tí ó sì ba dupò yìí, àmọ́ ó kú ní ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://urbanlifeng.com/default_main/index.php/397-erelu-abiola-dosunmu-to-be-buried-in-lagos-on-valentine-s-day|title=Erelu Abiola Dosunmu To Be Buried In Lagos On Valentine's Day|website=urbanlifeng.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-02-01|archive-date=2020-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201134118/http://urbanlifeng.com/default_main/index.php/397-erelu-abiola-dosunmu-to-be-buried-in-lagos-on-valentine-s-day|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníṣòwò ==
Dosunmu kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa ìmọ̀ business administration ní ìlú [[London]].&lt;ref name=&quot;atwhichcollege&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=Metrofile: Personality Profile Features Erelu Of Lagos HRH Abiola Dosumu|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_DPvui1lEJ4|language=en|access-date=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtàn fi yé wa pé òun ló sọ òwò [[Aṣọ Òfì|Aso Oke]] di ohun tó dà lónìí,&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/01/erelu-dosunmu-a-voice-for-the-recognition-of-indigenous-lagosians/|title=Erelu Dosunmu : A voice for the recognition of indigenous Lagosians|date=2019-01-18|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;  tí ó sì ṣe ìgbélárugẹ aṣà ilẹ̀ Yorùbá pẹ̀lú Aso Oke. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùṣẹ̀ṣọ́ ilé ti Nigerian High Commission ní ìlú London.&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis2&quot; /&gt; Bákan náà ni ó ṣí ṣọ́ọ̀bù kan sí Bond Street ní ìlú London.&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis2&quot; /&gt;

== Ipa rẹ̀ ==
The ''Erelu'', tó jẹ́ aṣọ imúra ajẹmọ́-oge jẹ́ síkẹ́ẹ̀tì àti [[agbada]] kékeré tí àwọn obìnrin máa ń wọ̀ ní ọdún 1980 wọ ọdún 1990, náà jẹ́ aṣọ tí Abiola Dosunmu bẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://livelyinfo.com.ng/news/erelu-dosunmu-a-voice-for-the-recognition-of-indigenous-lagosians/|title=ERELU DOSUNMU: A voice for the recognition of indigenous Lagosians – Livelyinfo|access-date=2020-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202043944/http://livelyinfo.com.ng/news/erelu-dosunmu-a-voice-for-the-recognition-of-indigenous-lagosians/|archive-date=2019-02-02|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Olórin ilè Nàìjíríà ìyẹn [[King Sunny Adé]] kọ orin kan láti fi gbóríyìn fún Dosunmu èyí tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Biibire Kose Fowora&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oshakmusicblog.com/audio/throwback-king-sunny-ade-bibiire-kose-fowora/|title=[THROWBACK]: King Sunny Ade- 'Bibiire Kose Fowora'|date=2018-02-27|website=oshakmusicblog.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-13|archive-date=2018-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006042158/http://oshakmusicblog.com/audio/throwback-king-sunny-ade-bibiire-kose-fowora/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn àmì-ẹ̀yẹ rẹ̀ ==

* National honour of the Royal Kingdom of [[Belgium]].&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis22&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/01/erelu-dosunmu-a-voice-for-the-recognition-of-indigenous-lagosians/|title=Erelu Dosunmu : A voice for the recognition of indigenous Lagosians|date=2019-01-18|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Life achievement award by Vanguard newspaper&lt;ref name=&quot;useagainlikethis22&quot; /&gt;
* Honorary Doctorate Degree, D.Cul-Doctor of Culture at the 4th convocation ceremony of [[Igbinedion University]], Okada.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://thenigerianexpression.com/2017/11/21/igbinedion-university-to-award-634-degrees-at-15th-convocation/|title=Contact Support|publisher=Thenigerianexpression.com|date=|accessdate=2020-04-04|archive-date=2020-05-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526005109/http://thenigerianexpression.com/2017/11/21/igbinedion-university-to-award-634-degrees-at-15th-convocation/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Pan African Exemplary Leadership 2016 Honour /Icon of True Silent Mega Philanthropist in Africa - In recognition and appreciation of her immense contribution to Nation building, massive job creation, consistent assistance to the less privileged, excellent mentorship towards youths, youth employment, public service delivery with integrity in her discharge of duty, Promotion and Preservation of African culture and values including her selfless service to God, Humanity, Nigeria and Africa.
* The [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] Journalists Association Award.
* Nigerian Institute of International Affairs Award.
* West African Students Union Parliament Award for Exemplary Leadership.

== Ìgbésí ayé ara-ẹni ==
Dosunmu fẹ́ Major Adekunle Elegbede, tí wọ́n sì jọ bí ọmọ méjì, ìyẹn Kunle Elegbede àti Adewunmi Elegbede. Ìgbéyàwó náà parí lẹ́yìn tí Major Elegbede kú ní ọdún 1970.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Elites|first=The|url=http://www.theelitesng.com/exclusive-how-erelu-abiola-dosunmu-lost-the-three-men-she-cherished-most-within-six-months/|title=EXCLUSIVE: How Erelu Abiola Dosunmu Lost The Three Men She Cherished Most Within Six Months - The Elites Nigeria|publisher=Theelitesng.com|date=2015-09-23|accessdate=2020-04-04}}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Dosunmu pàdé Olóyè Antonio Deinde Fernandez, tó jẹ́ ọmọ-ẹgbẹ́ Amaro láti ìdílé Olumegbon ti Èkó, ní ọdún 1972. Ní ìgbà náà, Fernandez fẹ́ arábìnrin ilẹ̀ America kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Barbara Fernandez V. Antonio Deinde Fernandez|url=https://www.leagle.com/decision/1988537208conn3291514|title=FERNANDEZ v. FERNANDEZ &amp;#124; 208 Conn. 329 (1988) &amp;#124; conn3291514|publisher=Leagle.com|date=|accessdate=2022-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dosunmu àti Fernandez ṣe ìgbéyàwó wọn ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà|Nàìjíríà]], ní ààfin Ọba Èkó ní oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 1973. Ọ̀pọ̀ gbajúmọ̀ àti àwọn ọlọ́lá ènìyàn bih [[Adekunle Lawal]] ló wá síbi ìgbéyàwó náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Vanguard&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/fernandez-at-last-the-veil-is-lifted/|title=Fernandez: At last 'the veil is lifted' - Vanguard News|publisher=Vanguardngr.com|date=2015-09-16|accessdate=2020-04-04}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ní ọmọbìnrin kan, tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Antoinette Fernandez, tó jẹ́ aṣefíìmù àgbéléwò ní ìlú London.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://bright-green.org/2023/01/27/tackling-the-green-partys-diversity-issues-starts-with-electing-a-black-female-representative/|title=Tackling the Green Party's diversity issues starts with electing a Black female representative|website=Bright Green|language=en-UK|access-date=2023-01-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3587787/|title=Antoinette Fernandez|website=IMDb|access-date=2018-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2007, Fernandez sọ fún Dosunmu ní gbangba pé kó má lọ orúkọ òun mọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://encomium.ng/erelu-dosumu-refuses-to-talk-about-late-husband-fernandez/|title=Erelu Dosumu refuses to talk about late husband, Fernandez &amp;#124; Encomium Magazine|publisher=Encomium.ng|date=|accessdate=2020-04-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>nhe5lls9ja9bats5zfeubqayrwzflcd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glenn Mena</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>76546</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622234</id>
      <parentid>598147</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T06:55:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622234</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4978" sha1="sfqhbh6j2byyay30y3c64qq2dgm2bf2" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Nigerian singer and songwriter}}{{Infobox musical artist|name=Glenn Mena|image=|image_size=230px|landscape=&lt;!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --&gt;|alt=|caption=Mena in 2017|birth_name=Akauveh Erumena Glenn&lt;ref name=&quot;Mena Bio&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/10/glenn-mena-revs-up-ante-with-dremo-assisted-single-pulls-up/|title=Glenn Mena revs up ante with Dremo-assisted single &quot;Pull Up&quot;|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Onikoyi|first=Ojugbele|date=13 October 2018|access-date=15 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Complex Mag&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url= https://www.complex.com/music/2019/06/glenn-mena-yoruba-demon-feat-problem-solved/|title=Self-Styled 'Nigerian Music Juggernaut' Glenn Mena Shares &quot;Yoruba Demon&quot; With Problem Solved |work=[[Complex_Networks|Complex Magazine]]|last=Keith|first=James|date=20 June 2019|access-date=17 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;|alias=Glenn Mena|birth_date={{birth date and age|1985|7|22}}|birth_place=[[Delta State]], Nigeria|origin=|death_date=|death_place=|genre={{flatlist|
*[[Afro pop music|Afropop]]
*[[African hip hop]]
*[[Hip hop music|hip hop]]}}|occupation=Singer, songwriter|instrument=Piano|spouse=|years_active=2012&amp;ndash;present|label=Mask and Music Group|associated_acts={{flatlist|
*[[Phyno]]
*[[M.I Abaga|M.I]]
*[[Erigga]]}}|website={{URL|maskandmusic.com}}}}'''Akauveh Erumena Glenn''' (tí wọ́n bí ní July 22, 1985), ti ó ń jẹ '''Glenn Mena''', jé olórin ọmọ Nàìjíríà, àti ẹni tó mọ bí wọ́n ṣe ń lọ àwọn irinṣẹ́ orin.

== Ayé rẹ̀ ==
Glenn Mena ni ọmọ kejì nínú àwọn ọmọ márùn-ún tí Meshach Akauveh Akarah àti Regina I. Akarah bí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Glenn Mena Parents&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/01/whats-next-for-singer-songwriter-glenn-mena/|title=What’s Next For Singer-songwriter, Glenn Mena|work=[[Vanguard_(Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]|last=Onikoyi|first=Ayo|date=29 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ka Business Administration ní [[Lead City University]], [[Ibadan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Glenn Mena&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://punchng.com/glenn-mena-pull-up-with-dremo/|title=Glenn Mena &quot;Pull Up&quot; with Dremo|work=[[The Punch|Punch Newspaper]]|last=Olonilua|first=Ademola|date=15 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn orin ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+As lead artist
!Year
!Title
!Album
|-
|2012
|&quot;Movement&quot;
|Non-album single
|-
|2015
|&quot;Packaging&quot;
|Non-album single
|-
|2017
|''The Mask&amp;Music EP project (Cut one)''
|Mixtape
|-
|2017
|&quot;Take Over&quot;
|Non-album single
|-
|2018
|&quot;Swerve&quot; (featuring Problem Solved)
|-
|2018
|&quot;Pull Up&quot; (featuring Dremo)&lt;ref name=&quot;Glenn Mena&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2020
|&quot;Yoruba Demon&quot; (featuring Problem Solved)&lt;ref name=&quot;drop yoruba&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://guardian.ng/life/glenn-mena-drops-new-song-yoruba-demon-featuring-problem-solved/|title=Glenn Mena Drops New Song &quot;Yoruba Demon&quot; Featuring Problem Solved|work=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian Music]]|date=19 June 2019|access-date=27 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Complex Mag&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2020
|&quot;KOLA&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/01/glenn-mena-drops-kola-freestyle-dance-video/|title=Glenn Mena drops “Kola Freestyle” Dance Video|work=Vanguard Music|date=20 January 2020|access-date=30 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
|&quot;Warri Boy&quot; (Featuring [[Erigga]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://leadership.ng/glenn-mena-teams-up-with-erigga-in-new-sound-warri-boy/|title=Glenn Mena Teams Up With Erigga In New Sound Warri Boy|work=Leadership Newspaper|date=16 June 2021|access-date=17 September 2021}}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2023
|&quot;Standard&quot; (Featuring [[Trilly]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://lamboxtra.com/glenn-mena-standard/|title=Groove to the rhythms and explore Glenn Mena’s Latest Afrobeat-inspired hit, “Standard”|work=Lambo ˣᵗʳᵃ Magazine|date=4 November 2023|access-date=4 November 2023|archivedate=4 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104153328/https://lamboxtra.com/glenn-mena-standard/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àmì ẹ̀yẹ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Awards ceremony
!Award description(s)
!Recipient
!Results
!Ref
|-
|2013
|MAYA Awards
|Best New Act
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;THE ALUMNI –Maya Awards&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://mayaawardsafrica.com/the-alumni/|title=THE ALUMNI –Maya Awards|date=2016-12-16|work=MayaAwards|access-date=22 September 2017|archive-date=2018-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216163545/https://www.mayaawardsafrica.com/the-alumni/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2013
|City People Awards
|New Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|
|-
|2015
|Scream All Youths Awards
|Next Rated Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/scream-all-youths-awards-2015-nominees-list/|title=Scream All Youths Awards 2015 Nominees List|work=Tooxclusive|date=16 October 2015|access-date=22 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>sfqhbh6j2byyay30y3c64qq2dgm2bf2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Annette Echikunwoke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78362</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622227</id>
      <parentid>606082</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T02:19:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622227</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3625" sha1="tobtfhkkw3o0jk6n290qm4ufoc7xd5k" xml:space="preserve">
 

'''Annette Nneka Echikunwoke''' tí a bi ní ọjọ kọkàndinlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje ọdún 1996) &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20240823054458/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/athlete/annette-nneka-echikunwoke_1960899/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/athlete/annette-nneka-echikunwoke_1960899&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cincinnati&quot;&gt;https://www.cincinnati.com/story/sports/2021/07/30/nigeria-hammer-thrower-olympic-athlete-annette-echikunwoke-out-tokyo-games/5433896001/&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ ọmọ orile-ede Naijiria ati Amerika ti o n ju lulu ti n gbé ni [[Ohio]], United States. O yẹ ki o ṣoju orílẹ-èdè Nàìjíríà ni [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olimpiiki Igba ooru ọdún 2020]], ṣugbọn wọn jáà nitori aibikita ti Ẹgbẹ elere idaraya ti Nigeria . O yi iṣọ pada o si ṣe aṣoju Amẹrika ni [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2024|Awọn Olimpiiki Igba ooru ọdún 2024]], ti o gba ami ẹyẹ fadaka kan ninu ìdíje náà, ami ẹyẹ Olympic akọkọ fun AMẸRIKA ni iṣẹlẹ jiju lulu àwọn obìnrin. O di igbasilẹ agbegbe Afirika ni jiju lulu mún, pẹlu jiju ti 75.49{{Nbsp}}m ni [[Tucson]] ni ọdun 2021.

== Ìbẹrẹ Ìgbésí ayé ==
Annette Echikunwoke bẹrẹ àwọn iṣẹlẹ jiju eré-ìdárayá ni ilé-ìwé lẹhin ti o jáwé olúborí níbi jiju niwọn ati sisọ discus níbi iṣẹlẹ ọjọ eré kan,o pinnu pe ti o ba dara o le tun tẹsiwaju. &lt;ref name=&quot;TokyoProfile&quot;&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20210806101516/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1398670-echikunwoke-annette.htm&lt;/ref&gt; Ọmọ ẹgbọn bàbá rẹ jẹ oṣere Megalyn Echikunwoke . &lt;ref&gt;https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/CQZQoe_gBPm{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ==
Echikunwoke wa lati Pickerington, Ohio o si lọ si Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Cincinnati fun ile-iwe giga rẹ ati oye titunto si, nibiti o ti wa lori ìlà ati ààyè. Pẹlu Cincinnati o gba iṣẹlẹ jiju iwuwo ní ọdún 2017 NCAA Championship, o tun di aṣaju NCAA akọkọ ti ile-ẹkọ giga ni orí ìlà ati ààyè.  &lt;ref name=&quot;TokyoProfile&quot;/&gt; Ni ọdun 2020, wọn yan lati ṣe aṣojú orílẹ-èdè àbínibí awọn obi rẹ ni Nigeria ni yiyan orilẹ-ede Olympic. &lt;ref name=&quot;TokyoProfile&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;WA&quot;&gt;https://worldathletics.org/athletes/nigeria/annette-echikunwoke-14589891&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọdun 2021, Echikunwoke ju awọn igbasilẹ mẹrin ti orilẹ-ede Naijiria ati Afirika níbi jiju, ti o ṣeto ami si 75.49{{Nbsp}}m níbi jiju ajọdun USATF ni [[Tucson]], Arizona, ni ọjọ kéjìlélógún Oṣù Karun, Ọdun 2021. &lt;ref name=&quot;Tucson&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Crouser joins 23-metre club in Tucson|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/competitions/world-athletics-continental-tour/news/crouser-2301m-tucson|last=Jess Whittington|access-date=June 14, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Punch&quot;&gt;https://punchng.com/officials-lied-about-my-whereabouts-says-disqualified-echikunwoke/&lt;/ref&gt; O wa ni ipò keje ni àgbáyé níbi jiju àwọn obinrin; o ti ni ipò kọkànlélọ́gọ́run tẹlẹ  ni àgbáyé ni jiju àwọn obìnrin papọ mọn ara ẹni ti o dara julọ ti 16.79{{Nbsp}}m ni ọdún 2017. O tun ju discus ati iwuwo 20lb (ààrin inú ile AMẸRIKA kan ti o ṣe déédé pẹlú jiju). 

== Awọn akọle orilẹ-ede ==

* NCAA Division I Women ká Abe ile Track ati Field Championships
** Jiju iwuwo: 2017

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1996]]</text>
      <sha1>tobtfhkkw3o0jk6n290qm4ufoc7xd5k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Josephine Omaka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>79489</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622240</id>
      <parentid>616834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:42:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622240</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9374" sha1="gg04uczuke71axtdlo9sgt6xzgvfu8w" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox sportsperson
| headercolor = green
| textcolor = white
| name = Josephine Omaka
| image =
| image_size = &lt;!--Only for images narrower than 220 pixels. !--&gt;
| caption =
| birth_name = Josephine Ada
| fullname = Josephine Ada Omaka
| nickname = 
| nationality = Nigerian
| residence = 
| birth_date = {{birth-date and age|29 November 1993}}
| birth_place = [[Nigeria]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| height = 163 cm
| weight = 58 kg
| website = 
| country = Nigeria
| sport = [[Sprint (running)|Sprinter]] athlete
| event = 
| collegeteam =
| club =
| team =
| turnedpro =
| coach =
| retired =
| coaching =
| worlds =
| regionals =
| nationals = 
| olympics = 
| paralympics =
| highestranking =
| pb =
|medaltemplates={{MedalSport | Women's [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{NGR}} }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Summer Youth Olympics]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics|2010 Singapore]] | 100&amp;nbsp;m}}
{{MedalSilver|2010 Singapore | 4*100&amp;nbsp;m relay}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[African Junior Athletics Championships|African Junior Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[2009 African Junior Athletics Championships|2009 Bambous]] | 100&amp;nbsp;m}}
{{MedalGold | [[2011 African Junior Athletics Championships|2011 Gaborone]] | 100&amp;nbsp;m}}
{{MedalSilver |2011 Gaborone | 4*100&amp;nbsp;m relay}}
}}
'''Josephine Ada Omaka''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Olympic |title=Josephine OMAKA |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/josephine-omaka |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=olympics.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù eré ìdárayá àti olùdíje ìdíje ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó dije ní àwọn ìdíje eré ìdárayá ìbílẹ̀ àti ti àgbáyé ní ìṣojú orílè-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Josephine Ada OMAKA {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/nigeria/josephine-ada-omaka-14329605 |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=worldathletics.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Josephine Ada Omaka bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù kékeré àti agbábọ́ọ̀lù ìdíje ní [[Nàìjíríà]] níbi tí ó ti ń díje ní onírúurú ìdíje agbègbè.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=AllAfrica |date=2012-04-04 |title=Nigeria: All Comers' Winners Dominate 1st AFN-NDDC League |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201204040611.html |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=allafrica.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ wúrà ní African Junior Championships ti ọdún 2011 àti Summer Youth Olympics ti ọdún 2010 ní 100 meters. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=vanguard |date=2010-06-04 |title=Omaka drops out golden league |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/06/omaka-drops-out-golden-league/ |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=DEHAI NEWS MAILING LIST ARCHIVE: [dehai-news] (superSport.com) African athletes shine at Youth Games |url=http://www.dehai.org/archives/dehai_news_archive/jun-dec10/0687.html |access-date=2026-03-11 |website=www.dehai.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún kópa nínú relay mita 4 × 100 ti àwọn obìnrin ní World Junior Championships ti ọdún 2012 tí a ṣe ní Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá àti ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù Keje, &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.athleticsnigeria.org/afn/news/2010-05-20/omaka-shines-nigeria-sweep-olympic-youth-qualifiers-dakar.html|title=Athletics Nigeria: Josephine Omaka Shines, Nigeria Sweeps Olympic Youth Qualifiers Dakar|publisher=Athletics Nigeria Organisation|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 May 2020|archive-date=20 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120125032/https://www.athleticsnigeria.org/afn/news/2010-05-20/omaka-shines-nigeria-sweep-olympic-youth-qualifiers-dakar.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/celebrating-the-pride-of-africa|title=Celebrating Pride of Africa|publisher=Olympic Organisation|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sì tún gba ife ẹ̀yẹ African Junior Championships ti ọdún 2009 ní 100 miters àti fàdákà mìíràn nínú 4 × 100 m relay ní ọdún 2009 pẹ̀lú [[Margaret Benson]], [[Goodness Thomas]] àti [[Wisdom Isoken]]. Jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ, ó kópa nínú ẹgbẹ́ relay 4 × 400 m ti [[Áfíríkà]] tí ó gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ fàdákà ní Olimpiiki Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́ Ìgbà Òtútù ti ọdún 2010 pẹ̀lú Nkiruka Florence Nwakwe, Izelle Neuhoff àti [[Bukola Abogunloko]]. &lt;ref name=&quot;JOSEPHY&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tilastopaja.eu/db/at.php?Sex=2&amp;ID=63376|title=Tilastopaja Female Athlete ID:Josephine Omaka|publisher=Tilastopaja|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/06/omaka-drops-out-golden-league/|title=Athletics Josephine Omaka Drops-out Golden League|publisher=Vanguard Newspaper Nigeria|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201008270743.html|title=Nigeria female athletes outshine their male counterpart|publisher=All Africa|date=3 January 2014|accessdate=9 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn àṣeyọrí==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot;
|-
! Medal
! Name
! Sport
! Event
! Date
|- 
| {{gold medal}} || {{sortname|Josephine|Omaka|Josephine Omaka}} || [[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics|Athletics]] || [[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' 100 metres|Girls' 100m]] || 21 Aug
|- 
| ''{{silver medal}}'' || ''{{sortname|Josephine|Omaka|Josephine Omaka}}&lt;br&gt;[[Nkiruka Florence Nwakwe]]&lt;br&gt;[[Bukola Abogunloko]]'' || ''[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics|Athletics]]'' || ''[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' medley relay|Girls' Medley Relay]]'' || ''23 Aug''
|- 
| {{bronze medal}} || {{sortname|Bukola|Abogunloko|Bukola Abogunloko}} || [[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics|Athletics]] || [[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' 400 metres|Girls' 400m]] || 21 Aug
|}
=== Àwọn ọmọbìnrin ===
;Àwọn  Ìdíje ojú ọ̀nà àti orí pápá 
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot;
|-
!rowspan=2|Athletes
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Qualification
!colspan=2|Final
|-
!Result
!Rank
!Result
!Rank
|-
|Josephine Omaka
|[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' 100 metres|Girls’ 100m]]
|align=center|11.82
|align=center|4 '''Q'''
|align=center|11.58
|align=center| [[File:Gold medal icon.svg]]
|-
|{{flagIOCathlete|Josephine Omaka|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}}&lt;br&gt;{{flagIOCathlete|[[Nkiruka Florence Nwakwe]]|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}}&lt;br&gt;{{flagIOCathlete|[[Izelle Neuhoff]]|RSA|2010 Summer Youth}}&lt;br&gt;{{flagIOCathlete|[[Bukola Abogunloko]]|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}}
|[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' medley relay|Girls’ Medley Relay]]
|colspan=2 bgcolor=#DCDCDC|
|align=center|2:06.19
|align=center| [[File:Silver medal icon.svg]]
|}
 
;Field events
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot;
|-
!rowspan=2|Athletes
!rowspan=2|Event
!colspan=2|Qualification
!colspan=2|Final
|-
!Result
!Rank
!Result
!Rank
|-
|[[Nkechi Leticia Chime]]
|[[Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' shot put|Girls’ Shot Put]]
|align=center|13.99
|align=center|6 '''Q'''
|align=center|14.16
|align=center|7
|}

=== Àwọn Ìgbìmọ̀ Olympic Orílẹ̀-èdè (NOCs), àwọn ẹgbẹ́ NOC tí wọ́n para pọ̀ ní Olimpiiki Àwọn Ọ̀dọ́ Ìgbà Ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn ti ọdún 2010 ===
{{Main|Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics}}{| {{MedalistTable|type=Event}}
|-
| Girls' medley relay&lt;br/&gt;{{DetailsLink|Athletics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Girls' medley relay}}
| ''Americas'' &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Myasia Jacobs]]|USA|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Tynia Gaither]]|BAH|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Rashan Brown]]|BAH|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Robin Reynolds]]|USA|2010 Summer Youth}}
| ''Africa'' &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|Josephine Omaka|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Nkiruka Florence Nwakwe]]|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Izelle Neuhoff]]|RSA|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Bukola Abogunloko]]|NGR|2010 Summer Youth}}
| ''Europe'' &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Annie Tagoe]]|GBR|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Anna Bongiorni]]|ITA|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Sonja Mosler]]|GER|2010 Summer Youth}} &lt;br&gt; {{FlagIOCathlete|[[Bianca Răzor]]|ROU|2010 Summer Youth}}
|}

== Àwọn ohun tó dára jùlọ fún ara ẹni ==

* Àwọn ìdínà 100 mítà – 12.98 s (2009)
* 100 mítà – 11.09 s (2011)
* 100 mita – 11.40 – +1.3 Lagos (NGR) – 30 Oṣù Kẹrin 2010
* 100 mita – 11.1h * – +1.0 – Abuja (NGR) – 1 Keje 2008
* 200 mita – 24.55 – Nsukka (NGR) – 21 Kẹrin 2012
* Mita 4 × 100 Relay – 44.58 – Estadio Olímpico, Barcelona (ESP) – 13 Keje 2012
* Medley Relay – 2:06.19 – Singapore (SGP) – 23 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2010

=== Àwọn tó dára jùlọ ní àsìkò náà ===

* 100 mita - 12.37 _ -0.1 - Sapele (NGR) - 21 May 2016

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
&lt;references responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1993]]</text>
      <sha1>gg04uczuke71axtdlo9sgt6xzgvfu8w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Emmanuel Olatunji Adesoye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80292</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622229</id>
      <parentid>622059</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T05:23:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6120" sha1="b3qorcd3fuzzcvsxdzmm7qvw80e1rf4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Emmanuel Olatunji Adesoye
| birth_date         = 25 April 1937
| birth_place        = [[Offa, Nigeria]], [[Kwara State]]
| death_date         = 2017
| death_place        = [[Offa, Nigeria]], [[Kwara State]]
| resting_place      = [[Offa, Nigeria]], [[Kwara State]]
| burial_place       = [[Offa, Nigeria]], [[Kwara State]]
| years_active       = 1938-2007
}}
'''Emmanuel Olatunji Adesoye''' [[Order of the Niger|OON]], [[Order of the Niger|CON]] (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹrin ọdún 1938 – 2017) jẹ́ onímọ̀ nípa ilé wiwon ní orílè-èdè Nàìjíríà, o jẹ gbajúmò oníṣòwò, o sì tún jẹ olóyè pẹ̀lú. Ó jẹ́ onímọ̀ nípa ilé  wiwon ní aríwá orílè-èdè  Nàìjíríà àti onímọ̀ nípa ile wiwon kejì ní orílè-èdè  Nàìjíríà. Ní ọdún 2006, Ààrẹ [[Olúṣẹ́gun Ọbásanjọ́|Olusegun Obasanjo]] fún un ní àmì ẹ̀yẹ OON (Olórí [[Order of the Niger|Ẹgbẹ́ ti Nàìjíríà]] ) àti CON (Olórí Ẹgbẹ́ ti Nàìjíríà).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chief Emmanuel Olatunji Adesoye (OON, CON) – DAWN Commission |url=https://dawncommission.org/chief-emmanuel-olatunji-adesoye-oon-con/ |access-date=2024-11-09 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-11-10 |title=Chief Emmanuel Olatunji Adesoye Archives |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/tag/chief-emmanuel-olatunji-adesoye/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=The Eagle Online |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí Emmanuel Adesoye sì ìdílé Adesoye ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 1938 ní ìjọba ìbílè Offa, ní  ìpínlẹ̀ Kwara, orílè-èdè Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Saraki, Gov Ahmed, ODU, others mourn foremost industrialist, Adesoye |url=https://thenationalpilot.ng/2017/12/04/saraki-gov-ahmed-odu-others-mourn-foremost-industrialist-adesoye/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=National Pilot Newspaper |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀kọ́ ==
Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ alakobere African Bethel School Ebute-Metta ní ìlú Èkó láàrín ọdún 1948 sí 1951 àti ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ St Marks ní ọdún 1952. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Offa Grammar School láàrín ọdún 1953 sí 1957 fún ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀ kí ó tó lọ sí [[Yaba College of Technology|ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Yaba]] ní ìlú Èkó ní ọdún 1958. Ó jáde ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Nigerian College of Arts, Science, àti Technology ní ìlú Enugu ní ọdún 1959. Ó tún lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí South East College of Arts, Science, àti Technology ní orílè-èdè UK láàrín ọdún 1961 sí 1963.

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti ọlá ==
Adesoye jẹ ọmọ Ẹgbẹ́ onísirò ilẹ wiwọn ní ìlú London (1965); o jẹ onísirò ilẹ wiwọn àkọ́kọ́ ní Àríwá ilẹ Nàìjíríà ati onísirò ilẹ wiwọn keji ni ìlú Nàìjíríà. O jẹ ọmọ Ẹgbẹ́ Royal Institute of Chartered Quantity Surveyors (1968) ati ọmọ Ẹgbẹ́  Nigerian Institute of Chartered Quantity Surveyors (1985). Òun nì Ààrẹ  Defunct Afribank (1987–1989). O sí di ipò Maye ti ìlú Offa  mú ní ọdun (1979) àti pé Alayéluwa Ọba Mustapha Oláwóore Olanipekun, Olofa Kẹrinlelọgbọn fún ní Idalola.Ni ọdún 2001, wọn da lọla pẹlú oyè Asiwaju ti ìlú Offa lẹyìn ikú Asiwaju akọkọ Offa, Olóyè [[Josiah Sunday Olawoyin]] ní ọjọ kejidinlogbon oṣù kẹrin ní ọdun 2001 ti [[Tajudeen Owoyemi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ajagunna |first=Friday |date=2017-12-20 |title=Buhari commiserates with family of late industrialist, Chief Emmanuel Adesoye |url=https://newmail-ng.com/buhari-commiserates-family-late-industrialist-chief-emmanuel-adesoye/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=New Mail Nigeria |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Opinion |date=2021-10-30 |title=Asiwaju of Offa: Who the cap fits? |url=https://punchng.com/asiwaju-of-offa-who-the-cap-fits/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Udo |first=Mary |date=2016-12-08 |title=ADESOYE, Chief, Emmanuel Olatunji (OON, CON) |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/chief-e-o-adesoye-oon/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Makanjuola: How Adesoye College Shaped My Life|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/06/29/makanjuola-how-adesoye-college-shaped-my-life/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |newspaper=[[This Day]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
si rọpo rẹ. O jẹ Oludasile Okin biscuit limited.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Wande |first=S.-Davies |date=2018-01-23 |title=Awoist pays tribute to Offa industrialist |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/awoist-pays-tribute-to-offa-industrialist/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
O jẹ oniriri ati onísirò ilẹ wiwọn,ati pé o jẹ Olùdásílẹ̀ ati Olùdarí ilé-ìwé [[Adesoye College Offa]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Meet The Founder – Adesoye College Offa |url=https://adesoyecollege.org/about-us/meet-the-founder/ |access-date=2024-11-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/03/adesoyes-death-exit-of-a-colossus-oluwasola-son/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria| title=Adesoye's death, exit of a Colossus - Oluwasola, son | date=9 March 2018 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2024 |title=Saraki Mourns Late Adesoye |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/saraki-mourns-late-adesoye/amp/#amp_ct=1731217859443&amp;amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&amp;aoh=17311667675772&amp;referrer=https%3A%2F%2 |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=November 30, 2024 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣòwò ará Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2017]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1938]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>b3qorcd3fuzzcvsxdzmm7qvw80e1rf4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>George Ekeh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80314</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622233</id>
      <parentid>622010</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T06:47:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622233</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6859" sha1="c97zcarhqyipe6oni5jii2j0mwvvob5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox football biography
| name = George Ekeh
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|7|10|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Festac Town]], Lagos State, Nigeria&lt;ref name=&quot;festac&quot;&gt;[https://aderinola.wordpress.com/2014/04/13/the-boys-from-festac/ The Boys From Festac] Thy Glory O' Nigeria..!&lt;/ref&gt;
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| years1 = 
| clubs1 = [[Indian Telephone Industries]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers1999.html Season ending transfers 1999] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217030450/http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers1999.html |date=17 February 2020 }} IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;
| years2 = ?–2002&lt;ref name=&quot;de&quot;&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2002.html Season ending transfers 2002] IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs2 = [[Indian Telephone Industries]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2001.html Season ending transfers 2001] IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;
| years3 = 2002–2003&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2003.html Season ending transfers 2003] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000301/http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2003.html |date=4 March 2016 }} IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs3 = [[Mohun Bagan]]&lt;ref name=&quot;de&quot;/&gt;
| years4 = 
| clubs4 = [[Stade Tunisien]]
| years5 = 2005–20xx&lt;ref name=&quot;svenska&quot;&gt;[https://www.svenskafans.com/fotboll/156631.aspx Rapport inför Div. 1 Södra] SvenskaFans.com&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs5 = [[Carlstad United BK]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.svenskafans.com/fotboll/141036.aspx Silly Season Carlstad United]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} SvenskaFans.com&lt;/ref&gt;
| years7 = 20xx–2007&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2007.html Season ending transfers 2007] IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs7 = [[Churchill Brothers S.C.]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2006.html Season ending transfers 2006] IndianFootball.Com&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;svenska&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20090426211503/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061222/asp/sports/story_7171810.asp Churchill storm into quarters - George Ekeh nets a brace in 3-0 win over Air India] The Telegraph (Calcutta)&lt;/ref&gt;
| years8 = 2008–2009&lt;ref name=&quot;dt&quot;&gt;[https://www.dt.se/artikel/sport/vasteras-vinner-ettan Västerås vinner ettan] dt.se&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs8 = [[Gröndals IK]]
| goals8 = 8
| years11 = 2009–2010
| clubs11 = [[Arameisk-Syrianska IF]]&lt;ref name=&quot;dt&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://arkiv.mitti.se:4711/2009/18/botkyrka_salem/MIBO37A20090428SOV1.pdf Arameiska/Syrianska ännu obesegrade i årets serie] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022153608/http://arkiv.mitti.se:4711/2009/18/botkyrka_salem/MIBO37A20090428SOV1.pdf |date=2018-10-22 }} Mitt i Botkyrka Salem&lt;/ref&gt;
| goals11 = 4
| years12 = 2010
| clubs12 = [[Atlantis FC]]
| years13 = 2011
| clubs13 = [[Örebro Syrianska IF]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.orebrosyrianska.com/1085-2/ George Ekeh klar för Örebro Syrianska] Örebro Syrianska IF&lt;/ref&gt;
| goals13 = 9
| years14 = 2012&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.thai-fussball.com/en/Content-Transfers-Thai-Premier-League-two-thousand-twelve-two-thousand-thirteen-item-120.html Transfers Thai Premier League 2012-2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030085515/http://www.thai-fussball.com/en/Content-Transfers-Thai-Premier-League-two-thousand-twelve-two-thousand-thirteen-item-120.html |date=30 October 2014 }} Thai Fussball&lt;/ref&gt;
| clubs14 = [[Bangkok Glass F.C.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20181022153606/http://www.smmsport.com/reader.php?news=48714 กระต่ายแก้ว ไม่หยุดช็อปเซ็น จอร์จ เอ็คเค่ หอกไนจีเรียเสริมคม]}} Smmsport&lt;/ref&gt;
| years15 = 
| clubs15 = [[Delta Örebro IF]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://fogis.se/information/?scr=stats&amp;ftid=51318 Statistik - Div. 5 Herrar]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Fogis.se&lt;/ref&gt;
| years16 = 
| clubs16 = [[Vivalla SK]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.na.se/george-ekeh-i-malform-nar-vivalla-vann-mot-bobby George Ekeh i målform när Vivalla vann mot Bobby]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Nerikes Allehanda&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

'''George Ekeh'''  (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù keje ọdún 1980) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹsẹ̀gbá ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Swídìn tẹ́lẹ̀ tí ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ní ọwọ́ iwájú .

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
A bí Ekeh ní àgbègbè ìlú [[Ilu Festac|Festac Town]], ni Ìpínlẹ̀ Ẹ̀kọ́, ní orílè-èdè Nàìjíríà 

=== Íńdíà ===
Ekeh gbà àmì-ẹ̀yẹ méjì fún Mohun Bagan, ó sì gba gbogbo góólù ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ wọlé nínú ìdíje èyítí o parí sì  àmì ayò 3-3 pẹ̀lú ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù JCT ní ọdún 2002 ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀ jáwé olúborí pẹ̀lú àmì ayò 3-1 nígbà tí wọ́n kojú ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù HAL ní ọdún 2003.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20021227010036/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021201/asp/sports/story_1437938.asp Bagan draw despite Ekeh hattrick] The Telegraph (Calcutta)&lt;/ref&gt;   Ṣùgbọ́n ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2003, ó fi ẹ̀sùn kan Mohun Bagan wípé wọ́n jẹ ohun ní owó, ó sì gbé ẹjọ́ náà lọ sí ọ̀dọ̀ àwùjọ FIFA, èyí tí ó pàṣẹ fún Mariners láti san owó ajemannu rẹ fún owó  tíó jẹ́ $6500 tí wọ́n  jẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20031016172250/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1030910/asp/sports/story_2350661.asp Fifa order on Bagan again] The Telegraph (Calcutta)&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ní ọwọ́ iwájú fún  olùkọ́ni Churchill Brothers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/NFL-Churchill-hold-Mahindra-United/articleshow/1839314.cms |title=NFL: Churchill hold Mahindra United |date=31 March 2007 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Finland ===
Ekeh gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Kakkonen ti ọdún 2010 pẹ̀lú Atlantis ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2010, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ mẹ́sàn-án.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.atlantisfc.fi/fudis/uutiset/atluutis1005.htm uutiset 1.-31.5.2010 - George Veikkauspörssin kärjessä] Atlantis FC&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
Ó jẹ́ arákùnrin [[Emmanuel Ekeh|Emmanuel]] àti Charles Ekeh Kingsley Ekeh .  Ó tún jẹ́ àbúrò Ekeh Manuchimso. &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B; ''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)&quot;&gt;ìtọ́kasí tí a nílò&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;'' &amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1980]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>c97zcarhqyipe6oni5jii2j0mwvvob5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lagos Real Fake Life</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622244</id>
      <parentid>621653</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T09:40:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>622244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6986" sha1="6gsy2b88bjst51w0o39c49akuv7sap9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film|name=Lagos Real Fake Life|director=[[Mike Ezuruonye]]|cinematography=|image=Lagos Real Fake Life.jpg|caption=|producer=Mike Ezuruonye|writer=|starring=[[Nedu Wazobia]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Mercy Aigbe]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Nonso Diobi]] &lt;br/&gt;[[IK Ogbonna]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Idibia]] &lt;br/&gt;[[MC Lively]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Efe Irele]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Odunlade Adekola]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Hailliote Sumney]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Hadiza Aliyu|Hadiza Gabon]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Uzee Usman]] &lt;br/&gt;[[Emmanuella]]
&lt;br/&gt;[[Mark Angel (comedian)|Mark Angel]]|music=|editing=|distributor=|released={{Film date|2018|02|16|df=y}}|runtime=118 minutes|country=Nigeria|language=English|budget=~ N30,000,000.00}}'''''Lagos Real Fake Life''''' jẹ́ fíìmù apanilẹ́rìn-ín èyí tí [[Mike Ezuruonye]] àti [[Kehinde Olorunyomi]] jìjọ kọ, tí [[Mike Ezuruonye]] sì darí rẹ̀. Àwọn òṣèré tó kópa nínú fíìmù náà ni [[Nedu Wazobia]], [[Mercy Aigbe]], [[Nonso Diobi]], [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Idibia]], [[IK Ogbonna]], [[MC Lively]], [[Efe Irele]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Pulse&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/lagos-real-fake-life-mike-ezuruonyes-comedy-starring-odunlade-adekola-and-emmanuella/7zrktgm|title=Mike Ezuruonye's comedy starring Odunlade Adekola and Emmanuella gets release date|date=May 10, 2018|last=Bada|first=Gbenga|access-date=October 26, 2020|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[Hailliote Sumney]]. Fíìmù náà dá lórí ìgbé-ayé àwọn ènìyàn tí ń gbé ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Film&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://filmlinkafrica.com/2019/01/10/nigerian-blockbusters-lagos-real-fake-life/|title=Nigerian Blockbusters: ‘Lagos Real Fake Life’|date=January 10, 2019|publisher=Film Link Africa|access-date=October 26, 2020|archive-date=October 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006181227/https://filmlinkafrica.com/2019/01/10/nigerian-blockbusters-lagos-real-fake-life/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vibe.ng/lagos-real-fake-life-review-diversity-at-its-peak/|title=Lagos Real Fake Life Review – Diversity At Its Peak|date=November 11, 2018|publisher=Vibe.ng|access-date=October 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; pàápàá jù lọ àwọn ọ̀dọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.today.ng/culture/film/mike-ezuruonye-nollywood-movies-nominated-oscars-167926|title=Mike Ezuruonye: Nollywood movies will soon be nominated for the Oscars|website=Today NG|publisher=News Agenglcy of Nigeria|date=November 4, 2018|access-date=October 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àgbéjáde ==
Swift Angel Production ló ṣàgbéjáde fíìmù yìí, ìye owó tí wọ́n sì fi ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀ ni ọgbọ̀n mílíọ́ọ̀nù náírà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/life-in-lagos-real-fake-life/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Life in Lagos real fake life|date=November 14, 2018|access-date=October 26, 2020|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtàn ní ṣókí ==
Fíìmù náà dá lórí ìtàn gidi, tó sọ nípa ìgbésí-ayé òtítọ́ àti irọ́ tí àwọn olùgbé àti àlejò ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ń gbé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Film&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nollymania.com/nollywood-movie-lagos-real-fake-life-is-now-on-netflix/|title=Nollywood Movie Lagos Real Fake Life Is Now On Netflix|last=Ngene|first=Christina|publisher=Nollymania|date=December 2019|access-date=October 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn akópa ==

* [[Nedu Wazobia]]
* [[Mercy Aigbe]] bíiJasmine
* [[Nonso Diobi]] bíi Emeka
* [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Idibia]]
* [[IK Ogbonna]] bíi  Dele
* [[MC Lively]] bíi Lively
* [[Efe Irele]] bíi Ify
* [[Mike Ezuruonye]] bíi Chidi
* [[Nosa Rex]] bíi Obi
* [[Uzee Usman]] bíi àbúrò Amina
* [[Odunlade Adekola]] bíi Landlord
* Mr. Jollof
* [[Josh2Funny]] bíi òǹtaṣọ Okirika
* [[Hailliote Sumney]] bíi Mirabel
* [[Hadiza Aliyu|Hadiza Gabon]] bíi Amina
* Nikky Ufondu bíi Iheomah
* [[Emmanuella|Emmanuella Samuel]] bíi Emmanuella
* Mong Kalu bíi Ntugwube
* Peggy Henshaw

== Ìgbàwọlé ==
''The Cable'' ṣàfihàn fíìmù náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn fíìmù mẹ́wàá tó yẹ kí àwọn èèyàn wò lásìkò tó kọ́kọ́ jáde síta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/robinhood-lagos-real-fake-life-10-movies-see-weekend/|title=Lagos Real Fake Life… 10 movies you should see this weekend|last=Awojulugbe|first=Oluseyi|date=November 24, 2018|access-date=October 26, 2020|newspaper=[[TheCable]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn alárìíwísí kan sì sọ ọ́ di mímọ̀ pé àwọn òṣèrè tó kópa nínú fíìmù náà ò dáńtọ́ to;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://deythere.com/2018/12/01/mike-ezuronyes-lagos-real-fake-life-movie-is-an-insult-to-nollywood/|title=Mike Ezuronye’s Lagos Real Fake Life Movie Is An Insult To Nollywood|date=December 1, 2018|last=Anaekwe|first=Adaeze|publisher=DN|access-date=October 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn kan sì gbóríyìn fún àgbéjáde fíìmù náà, nítorí ó panilẹ́rìn-ín gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://nnn.ng/lagos-real-fake-life-receives-rave-reviews-from-critics-in-private-screening/|title=&quot;Lagos Real Fake Life&quot; receives rave reviews from critics in private screening|date=November 2, 2018|last=Oladele|first=Eniola|publisher=NNN|access-date=October 26, 2020|archive-date=October 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029153532/https://nnn.ng/lagos-real-fake-life-receives-rave-reviews-from-critics-in-private-screening/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù Kọkànlá ọdún 2019, fíìmù náà ti wà lórí [[Netflix]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://culturecustodian.com/the-island-real-lagos-fake-life-now-on-netflix/|title=THE ISLAND AND LAGOS REAL FAKE LIFE ARE NOW PLAYING ON NETFLIX|date=November 29, 2019|last=Okechukwu|first=Daniel|publisher=Culture Custodian|access-date=October 26, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://whatsnewonnetflix.com/usa/1841089/lagos-real-fake-life-2018|title=Lagos Real Fake Life, Netflix USA|date=December 13, 2019|publisher=What's New On Netflix|access-date=October 26, 2020|archive-date=October 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029185839/https://whatsnewonnetflix.com/usa/1841089/lagos-real-fake-life-2018|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésíta ==
Olùdarí fíìmù yìí, ìyẹn [[Mike Ezuruonye]], kéde pé wọ́n máa gbé fíìmù náà síta ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kejì ọdún 2018, sí gbogbo sinimá tó wà ní Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pulse&quot; /&gt; Ìṣàfihànàkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ wáyé ní Palm Mall, [[Lekki]], [[Èkó]] ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù Kọkànlá ọdún 2018.&lt;ref name=&quot;G&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://m.guardian.ng/art/lagos-real-fake-life-exposes-other-seamy-side-of-city/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Lagos Real Fake Life exposes other seamy side of city|last=Awa|first=Omiko|date=November 18, 2018|access-date=October 26, 2020|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

= Àwọn ìtọ́kasí =</text>
      <sha1>6gsy2b88bjst51w0o39c49akuv7sap9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80333</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622137</id>
      <parentid>622136</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T12:21:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622137</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="132087" sha1="qa0aaov33cfibt1cgvij2f2konfzqat" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qa0aaov33cfibt1cgvij2f2konfzqat</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622139</id>
      <parentid>622137</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T13:41:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622139</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="133709" sha1="os7w5croqxapuv007utyet9fmw58mo5" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>os7w5croqxapuv007utyet9fmw58mo5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622142</id>
      <parentid>622139</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T15:19:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622142</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="135008" sha1="geitfvtkm6uxt4dx8ndiet71en8pt60" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>geitfvtkm6uxt4dx8ndiet71en8pt60</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622146</id>
      <parentid>622142</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T16:10:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="135805" sha1="prdnt2xtxkkbb6194rzaq940l9vagyt" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>prdnt2xtxkkbb6194rzaq940l9vagyt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622156</id>
      <parentid>622146</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:21:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622156</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="137609" sha1="f3k3ho05bkfmia9zcte2b95ofgy7ymt" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>f3k3ho05bkfmia9zcte2b95ofgy7ymt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622161</id>
      <parentid>622156</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:59:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá, ṣíṣàfikún àwòrán àti àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622161</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138660" sha1="71qbdb1ta85gmn6dwrzinyui8f3qkta" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>71qbdb1ta85gmn6dwrzinyui8f3qkta</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622163</id>
      <parentid>622161</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:07:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwòrán</comment>
      <origin>622163</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138764" sha1="ida790pa3ig656pe1wqpfx20ueymjce" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]


[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ida790pa3ig656pe1wqpfx20ueymjce</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622167</id>
      <parentid>622163</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:40:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622167</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="140631" sha1="a6j736goylhxukckzf7hklrrouoxkpq" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;United Nations Environment Programme 2019 46&quot; /&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>a6j736goylhxukckzf7hklrrouoxkpq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622168</id>
      <parentid>622167</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T20:56:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ṣíṣàfikún ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622168</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="140686" sha1="3cdn3ecjmybr3u4z1aobcnbl0hazjt9" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>3cdn3ecjmybr3u4z1aobcnbl0hazjt9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622230</id>
      <parentid>622168</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T06:12:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622230</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="147213" sha1="s2mzqtk9bxhx67rb9c2q8cb3pgn305a" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn pánẹ́ẹ̀lì oòrùn (solar panels) àti àwọn ẹ̀rọ agbára afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà lórí ilẹ̀ (onshore wind) ti di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí iye owó wọn kéré jù lọ fún fífi agbára iná mànàmáná tuntun kún un ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data-Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?}}; {{harvnb| IEA – Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìlànà ìjọba tó ń gbé agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ ṣi jẹ́ dandan láti ṣàṣeyọrí ìyípadà kíákíá láti inú epo fósílì sí agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |title=IPCC Working Group III report: Mitigation of Climate Change |date=4 April 2022 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè dé ipò àìdọ́gba carbon (carbon neutrality) ní ọdún 2050, agbára àtúnlò yóò di orísun pàtàkì jù lọ fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná. Ní àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe kan, a retí pé ìpín rẹ̀ yóò dé ìdá 85% tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní ọdún 2050. Ní àfikún, ìfowópamọ́ sínú èédú yóò dópin, a ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ mú lílo èédú parí pátápátá kí ọdún 2050 tó dé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|loc=Figure 2.15|p=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Teske|2019|pp=409–410}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iná mànàmáná tí a ń mú jáde láti inú àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò yóò tún ní láti di orísun agbára pàtàkì fún ìmúgbóná ilé àti ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3|p=XXIII}}; {{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxvii, Fig.5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò lè yí padà kúrò ní lílo àwọn ọkọ̀ tí ẹ́ńjìnnì ìjóná inú (internal combustion engine) ń ṣiṣẹ́, kí ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná, ọkọ̀ ìrinna gbogbo ènìyàn (public transit), àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tí ara ẹni ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú agbára ara bíi kẹ̀kẹ́ àti rírìn ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=142–144}}; {{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3 &amp; p. 49}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọkọ̀ ojú omi àti ọkọ̀ òfurufú, lílo àwọn epo tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon fuels) lè dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot; /&gt; Ìmúgbóná ilé àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tún lè dín ìtújáde carbon kù sí i nípasẹ̀ lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|p=697}}; {{harvnb|NREL|2017|pp=vi, 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìdènà kan ṣì wà sí ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá tí agbára mímọ́, pẹ̀lú agbára àtúnlò, ń ní.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Berrill|Arvesen|Scholz|Gils|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn kì í mú agbára jáde ní gbogbo àkókò, wọ́n sì máa ń yàtọ̀ síra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkókò ọdún ṣe yí padà. Ní àṣà ìbílẹ̀, àwọn odò omi tí a fi ibi ìkó omi pamọ́ (reservoirs) ṣe àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná tí epo fósílì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni a máa ń lò nígbà tí ìmújáde agbára láti àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí bá dín kù. Ní ọjọ́ iwájú, a lè mú agbára ìpamọ́ batiri pọ̀ sí i, a sì lè ṣètò kí ìbéèrè àti ìpèsè agbára bá ara wọn mu. Bákan náà, fífi agbára ránṣẹ́ jìnà sí ibi tí a ti ń mú un jáde lè dín ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìmújáde agbára àtúnlò kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;United Nations Environment Programme 2019 46&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=46}}; {{harvnb|Vox, 20 September|2019}}; {{cite journal |title=The Role of Firm Low-Carbon Electricity Resources in Deep Decarbonization of Power Generation |year=2018 |last1=Sepulveda |first1=Nestor A. |last2=Jenkins |first2=Jesse D. |last3=De Sisternes |first3=Fernando J. |last4=Lester |first4=Richard K. |journal=[[Joule (journal)|Joule]] |volume=2 |issue=11 |pages=2403–2420 |doi=10.1016/j.joule.2018.08.006 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2018Joule...2.2403S }}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy) kì í ṣe agbára tí kò ní ìtújáde carbon ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó sì lè ní àwọn ipa búburú lórí ààbò oúnjẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch4|2018|pp=324–325}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára nukilia jẹ́ ohun tí ariyanjiyan ń díwọ̀n rẹ̀ nítorí àwọn àníyàn nípa egbin ipanilára redio (radioactive waste), ìtànkálẹ̀ ohun ìjà nukilia, àti àwọn ìjàmbá tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citec|last1=Gill |first1=Matthew |last2=Livens |first2=Francis |last3=Peakman |first3=Aiden |in=Letcher |year=2020 |pages=147–149 |chapter=Nuclear Fission}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Horvath |first1=Akos |last2=Rachlew |first2=Elisabeth |date=January 2016 |title=Nuclear power in the 21st century: Challenges and possibilities |journal=[[Ambio]] |volume=45 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S38–49 |doi=10.1007/s13280-015-0732-y |issn=1654-7209 |pmc=4678124 |pmid=26667059|bibcode=2016Ambio..45S..38H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára omi náà ní àwọn ààlà rẹ̀, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ibi tó dára jù lọ fún ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti lò tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé àwọn iṣẹ́ tuntun ń dojú kọ àwọn àníyàn àwùjọ àti ti àyíká tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects.}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>s2mzqtk9bxhx67rb9c2q8cb3pgn305a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622232</id>
      <parentid>622230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T06:27:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ṣíṣàfikún ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="146662" sha1="35e3udirnr82xndk822b3klg2xpdjzw" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn pánẹ́ẹ̀lì oòrùn (solar panels) àti àwọn ẹ̀rọ agbára afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà lórí ilẹ̀ (onshore wind) ti di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí iye owó wọn kéré jù lọ fún fífi agbára iná mànàmáná tuntun kún un ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data-Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?}}; {{harvnb| IEA – Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìlànà ìjọba tó ń gbé agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ ṣi jẹ́ dandan láti ṣàṣeyọrí ìyípadà kíákíá láti inú epo fósílì sí agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |title=IPCC Working Group III report: Mitigation of Climate Change |date=4 April 2022 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè dé ipò àìdọ́gba carbon (carbon neutrality) ní ọdún 2050, agbára àtúnlò yóò di orísun pàtàkì jù lọ fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná. Ní àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe kan, a retí pé ìpín rẹ̀ yóò dé ìdá 85% tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní ọdún 2050. Ní àfikún, ìfowópamọ́ sínú èédú yóò dópin, a ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ mú lílo èédú parí pátápátá kí ọdún 2050 tó dé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|loc=Figure 2.15|p=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Teske|2019|pp=409–410}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iná mànàmáná tí a ń mú jáde láti inú àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò yóò tún ní láti di orísun agbára pàtàkì fún ìmúgbóná ilé àti ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3|p=XXIII}}; {{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxvii, Fig.5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò lè yí padà kúrò ní lílo àwọn ọkọ̀ tí ẹ́ńjìnnì ìjóná inú (internal combustion engine) ń ṣiṣẹ́, kí ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná, ọkọ̀ ìrinna gbogbo ènìyàn (public transit), àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tí ara ẹni ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú agbára ara bíi kẹ̀kẹ́ àti rírìn ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=142–144}}; {{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3 &amp; p. 49}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọkọ̀ ojú omi àti ọkọ̀ òfurufú, lílo àwọn epo tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon fuels) lè dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot; /&gt; Ìmúgbóná ilé àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tún lè dín ìtújáde carbon kù sí i nípasẹ̀ lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|p=697}}; {{harvnb|NREL|2017|pp=vi, 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìdènà kan ṣì wà sí ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá tí agbára mímọ́, pẹ̀lú agbára àtúnlò, ń ní.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Berrill|Arvesen|Scholz|Gils|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn kì í mú agbára jáde ní gbogbo àkókò, wọ́n sì máa ń yàtọ̀ síra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkókò ọdún ṣe yí padà. Ní àṣà ìbílẹ̀, àwọn odò omi tí a fi ibi ìkó omi pamọ́ (reservoirs) ṣe àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná tí epo fósílì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni a máa ń lò nígbà tí ìmújáde agbára láti àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí bá dín kù. Ní ọjọ́ iwájú, a lè mú agbára ìpamọ́ batiri pọ̀ sí i, a sì lè ṣètò kí ìbéèrè àti ìpèsè agbára bá ara wọn mu. Bákan náà, fífi agbára ránṣẹ́ jìnà sí ibi tí a ti ń mú un jáde lè dín ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìmújáde agbára àtúnlò kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy) kì í ṣe agbára tí kò ní ìtújáde carbon ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó sì lè ní àwọn ipa búburú lórí ààbò oúnjẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch4|2018|pp=324–325}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára nukilia jẹ́ ohun tí ariyanjiyan ń díwọ̀n rẹ̀ nítorí àwọn àníyàn nípa egbin ipanilára redio (radioactive waste), ìtànkálẹ̀ ohun ìjà nukilia, àti àwọn ìjàmbá tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citec|last1=Gill |first1=Matthew |last2=Livens |first2=Francis |last3=Peakman |first3=Aiden |in=Letcher |year=2020 |pages=147–149 |chapter=Nuclear Fission}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Horvath |first1=Akos |last2=Rachlew |first2=Elisabeth |date=January 2016 |title=Nuclear power in the 21st century: Challenges and possibilities |journal=[[Ambio]] |volume=45 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S38–49 |doi=10.1007/s13280-015-0732-y |issn=1654-7209 |pmc=4678124 |pmid=26667059|bibcode=2016Ambio..45S..38H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára omi náà ní àwọn ààlà rẹ̀, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ibi tó dára jù lọ fún ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti lò tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé àwọn iṣẹ́ tuntun ń dojú kọ àwọn àníyàn àwùjọ àti ti àyíká tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects.}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>35e3udirnr82xndk822b3klg2xpdjzw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622237</id>
      <parentid>622232</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:01:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622237</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="148327" sha1="tqmrze3fdmmand2u3391asgu5vvr21m" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn pánẹ́ẹ̀lì oòrùn (solar panels) àti àwọn ẹ̀rọ agbára afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà lórí ilẹ̀ (onshore wind) ti di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí iye owó wọn kéré jù lọ fún fífi agbára iná mànàmáná tuntun kún un ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data-Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?}}; {{harvnb| IEA – Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìlànà ìjọba tó ń gbé agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ ṣi jẹ́ dandan láti ṣàṣeyọrí ìyípadà kíákíá láti inú epo fósílì sí agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |title=IPCC Working Group III report: Mitigation of Climate Change |date=4 April 2022 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè dé ipò àìdọ́gba carbon (carbon neutrality) ní ọdún 2050, agbára àtúnlò yóò di orísun pàtàkì jù lọ fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná. Ní àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe kan, a retí pé ìpín rẹ̀ yóò dé ìdá 85% tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní ọdún 2050. Ní àfikún, ìfowópamọ́ sínú èédú yóò dópin, a ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ mú lílo èédú parí pátápátá kí ọdún 2050 tó dé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|loc=Figure 2.15|p=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Teske|2019|pp=409–410}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iná mànàmáná tí a ń mú jáde láti inú àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò yóò tún ní láti di orísun agbára pàtàkì fún ìmúgbóná ilé àti ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3|p=XXIII}}; {{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxvii, Fig.5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò lè yí padà kúrò ní lílo àwọn ọkọ̀ tí ẹ́ńjìnnì ìjóná inú (internal combustion engine) ń ṣiṣẹ́, kí ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná, ọkọ̀ ìrinna gbogbo ènìyàn (public transit), àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tí ara ẹni ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú agbára ara bíi kẹ̀kẹ́ àti rírìn ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=142–144}}; {{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3 &amp; p. 49}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọkọ̀ ojú omi àti ọkọ̀ òfurufú, lílo àwọn epo tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon fuels) lè dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot; /&gt; Ìmúgbóná ilé àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tún lè dín ìtújáde carbon kù sí i nípasẹ̀ lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|p=697}}; {{harvnb|NREL|2017|pp=vi, 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìdènà kan ṣì wà sí ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá tí agbára mímọ́, pẹ̀lú agbára àtúnlò, ń ní.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Berrill|Arvesen|Scholz|Gils|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn kì í mú agbára jáde ní gbogbo àkókò, wọ́n sì máa ń yàtọ̀ síra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkókò ọdún ṣe yí padà. Ní àṣà ìbílẹ̀, àwọn odò omi tí a fi ibi ìkó omi pamọ́ (reservoirs) ṣe àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná tí epo fósílì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni a máa ń lò nígbà tí ìmújáde agbára láti àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí bá dín kù. Ní ọjọ́ iwájú, a lè mú agbára ìpamọ́ batiri pọ̀ sí i, a sì lè ṣètò kí ìbéèrè àti ìpèsè agbára bá ara wọn mu. Bákan náà, fífi agbára ránṣẹ́ jìnà sí ibi tí a ti ń mú un jáde lè dín ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìmújáde agbára àtúnlò kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy) kì í ṣe agbára tí kò ní ìtújáde carbon ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó sì lè ní àwọn ipa búburú lórí ààbò oúnjẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch4|2018|pp=324–325}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára nukilia jẹ́ ohun tí ariyanjiyan ń díwọ̀n rẹ̀ nítorí àwọn àníyàn nípa egbin ipanilára redio (radioactive waste), ìtànkálẹ̀ ohun ìjà nukilia, àti àwọn ìjàmbá tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citec|last1=Gill |first1=Matthew |last2=Livens |first2=Francis |last3=Peakman |first3=Aiden |in=Letcher |year=2020 |pages=147–149 |chapter=Nuclear Fission}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Horvath |first1=Akos |last2=Rachlew |first2=Elisabeth |date=January 2016 |title=Nuclear power in the 21st century: Challenges and possibilities |journal=[[Ambio]] |volume=45 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S38–49 |doi=10.1007/s13280-015-0732-y |issn=1654-7209 |pmc=4678124 |pmid=26667059|bibcode=2016Ambio..45S..38H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára omi náà ní àwọn ààlà rẹ̀, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ibi tó dára jù lọ fún ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti lò tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé àwọn iṣẹ́ tuntun ń dojú kọ àwọn àníyàn àwùjọ àti ti àyíká tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Agbára tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon energy) ń mú ìlera àwọn ènìyàn sunwọ̀n sí i nípa dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù àti nípa dídín iye àwọn ikú tí ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1854}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣírò pé ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ fa ikú nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù méje ènìyàn lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1837}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ṣíṣe àṣeyọrí àwọn àfojúsùn Àdéhùn Paris tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìwọ̀n tí kò ju 2 °C lọ lè gba nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù kan ènìyàn là lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2050. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C lè gba ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ènìyàn là, nígbà kan náà sì lè mú ààbò agbára sunwọ̀n sí i àti dín òṣì kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}; {{harvnb|Vandyck|Keramidas|Kitous|Spadaro|2018}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=97}}: &quot;Limiting warming to 1.5&amp;nbsp;°C can be achieved synergistically with poverty alleviation and improved energy security and can provide large public health benefits through improved air quality, preventing millions of premature deaths. However, specific mitigation measures, such as bioenergy, may result in trade-offs that require consideration.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Mímú afẹ́fẹ́ di mímọ́ sí i tún ní àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé, tí ó lè tóbi ju iye owó tí a ná fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3|2022|p=300}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>tqmrze3fdmmand2u3391asgu5vvr21m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622251</id>
      <parentid>622237</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T11:14:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwọn ìtọ́kasí</comment>
      <origin>622251</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="150914" sha1="1rwlois238ic4ldb2gvm96th0nj8r17" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn pánẹ́ẹ̀lì oòrùn (solar panels) àti àwọn ẹ̀rọ agbára afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà lórí ilẹ̀ (onshore wind) ti di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí iye owó wọn kéré jù lọ fún fífi agbára iná mànàmáná tuntun kún un ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data-Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?}}; {{harvnb| IEA – Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìlànà ìjọba tó ń gbé agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ ṣi jẹ́ dandan láti ṣàṣeyọrí ìyípadà kíákíá láti inú epo fósílì sí agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |title=IPCC Working Group III report: Mitigation of Climate Change |date=4 April 2022 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè dé ipò àìdọ́gba carbon (carbon neutrality) ní ọdún 2050, agbára àtúnlò yóò di orísun pàtàkì jù lọ fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná. Ní àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe kan, a retí pé ìpín rẹ̀ yóò dé ìdá 85% tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní ọdún 2050. Ní àfikún, ìfowópamọ́ sínú èédú yóò dópin, a ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ mú lílo èédú parí pátápátá kí ọdún 2050 tó dé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|loc=Figure 2.15|p=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Teske|2019|pp=409–410}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iná mànàmáná tí a ń mú jáde láti inú àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò yóò tún ní láti di orísun agbára pàtàkì fún ìmúgbóná ilé àti ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3|p=XXIII}}; {{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxvii, Fig.5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò lè yí padà kúrò ní lílo àwọn ọkọ̀ tí ẹ́ńjìnnì ìjóná inú (internal combustion engine) ń ṣiṣẹ́, kí ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná, ọkọ̀ ìrinna gbogbo ènìyàn (public transit), àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tí ara ẹni ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú agbára ara bíi kẹ̀kẹ́ àti rírìn ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=142–144}}; {{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3 &amp; p. 49}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọkọ̀ ojú omi àti ọkọ̀ òfurufú, lílo àwọn epo tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon fuels) lè dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot; /&gt; Ìmúgbóná ilé àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tún lè dín ìtújáde carbon kù sí i nípasẹ̀ lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|p=697}}; {{harvnb|NREL|2017|pp=vi, 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìdènà kan ṣì wà sí ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá tí agbára mímọ́, pẹ̀lú agbára àtúnlò, ń ní.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Berrill|Arvesen|Scholz|Gils|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn kì í mú agbára jáde ní gbogbo àkókò, wọ́n sì máa ń yàtọ̀ síra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkókò ọdún ṣe yí padà. Ní àṣà ìbílẹ̀, àwọn odò omi tí a fi ibi ìkó omi pamọ́ (reservoirs) ṣe àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná tí epo fósílì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni a máa ń lò nígbà tí ìmújáde agbára láti àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí bá dín kù. Ní ọjọ́ iwájú, a lè mú agbára ìpamọ́ batiri pọ̀ sí i, a sì lè ṣètò kí ìbéèrè àti ìpèsè agbára bá ara wọn mu. Bákan náà, fífi agbára ránṣẹ́ jìnà sí ibi tí a ti ń mú un jáde lè dín ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìmújáde agbára àtúnlò kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy) kì í ṣe agbára tí kò ní ìtújáde carbon ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó sì lè ní àwọn ipa búburú lórí ààbò oúnjẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch4|2018|pp=324–325}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára nukilia jẹ́ ohun tí ariyanjiyan ń díwọ̀n rẹ̀ nítorí àwọn àníyàn nípa egbin ipanilára redio (radioactive waste), ìtànkálẹ̀ ohun ìjà nukilia, àti àwọn ìjàmbá tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citec|last1=Gill |first1=Matthew |last2=Livens |first2=Francis |last3=Peakman |first3=Aiden |in=Letcher |year=2020 |pages=147–149 |chapter=Nuclear Fission}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Horvath |first1=Akos |last2=Rachlew |first2=Elisabeth |date=January 2016 |title=Nuclear power in the 21st century: Challenges and possibilities |journal=[[Ambio]] |volume=45 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S38–49 |doi=10.1007/s13280-015-0732-y |issn=1654-7209 |pmc=4678124 |pmid=26667059|bibcode=2016Ambio..45S..38H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára omi náà ní àwọn ààlà rẹ̀, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ibi tó dára jù lọ fún ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti lò tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé àwọn iṣẹ́ tuntun ń dojú kọ àwọn àníyàn àwùjọ àti ti àyíká tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Agbára tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon energy) ń mú ìlera àwọn ènìyàn sunwọ̀n sí i nípa dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù àti nípa dídín iye àwọn ikú tí ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1854}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣírò pé ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ fa ikú nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù méje ènìyàn lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1837}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ṣíṣe àṣeyọrí àwọn àfojúsùn Àdéhùn Paris tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìwọ̀n tí kò ju 2 °C lọ lè gba nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù kan ènìyàn là lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2050. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C lè gba ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ènìyàn là, nígbà kan náà sì lè mú ààbò agbára sunwọ̀n sí i àti dín òṣì kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}; {{harvnb|Vandyck|Keramidas|Kitous|Spadaro|2018}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=97}}: &quot;Limiting warming to 1.5&amp;nbsp;°C can be achieved synergistically with poverty alleviation and improved energy security and can provide large public health benefits through improved air quality, preventing millions of premature deaths. However, specific mitigation measures, such as bioenergy, may result in trade-offs that require consideration.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Mímú afẹ́fẹ́ di mímọ́ sí i tún ní àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé, tí ó lè tóbi ju iye owó tí a ná fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3|2022|p=300}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìfi Agbára Pamọ́ ===
Dídín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù jẹ́ apá pàtàkì mìíràn nínú àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=97}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tí agbára tí a nílò bá dín kù, yóò rọrùn sí i láti gbé ìdàgbàsókè agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ. Ó tún máa ń jẹ́ kí iṣakoso àkójọpọ̀ iná mànàmáná (electricity grid) rọrùn, ó sì ń dín àìní láti kọ́ àwọn amáyédẹrùn tí ìtújáde carbon wọn ga kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|p=29}}; {{harvnb|IEA|2020b}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn àfojúsùn ojú-ọjọ́, yóò jẹ́ dandan kí ìfowópamọ́ sínú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency) pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, ní ìwọ̀n tó jọ iye ìfowópamọ́ tí a ń ṣe sínú agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=155|loc=Fig. 2.27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìyípadà tó jẹmọ́ àjàkálẹ̀-àrùn COVID-19, pẹ̀lú àwọn àyípadà nínú bí a ṣe ń lo agbára, ìfowópamọ́ sínú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa, àti ìpèsè owó, ti mú kí àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ọdún mẹ́wàá yìí túbọ̀ ṣòro àti kún fún àìdánilójú.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2020b}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà láti dín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù yàtọ̀ láti ẹ̀ka kan sí òmíràn. Nínú ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn arìnrìn-àjò àti àwọn tó ń gbé ẹrù lè yí padà sí lílo àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tó munadoko sí i, bíi bọ́ọ̀sì àti ọkọ̀ ojú irin, tàbí kí wọ́n lo àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=142}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nínú ẹ̀ka ilé iṣẹ́, àwọn ọ̀nà láti dín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù ní mímú àwọn ètò ìmúgbóná àti àwọn mótò ṣiṣẹ́ dáadáa sí i, ṣíṣe àwọn ọjà tí kò nílò agbára púpọ̀ láti ṣe, àti mímú kí àkókò ìlò àwọn ọjà pẹ́ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=138–140}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nínú ẹ̀ka àwọn ilé, àfojúsùn ni ṣíṣe àwòrán àti ètò àwọn ilé tuntun dáadáa sí i, pẹ̀lú mímú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa sí i nígbà àtúnṣe àwọn ilé tó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=141–142}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps tún lè mú kí agbára tí àwọn ilé ń lò munadoko sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|pp=686–694}}.&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1rwlois238ic4ldb2gvm96th0nj8r17</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622253</id>
      <parentid>622251</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T11:32:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NigerianScribe</username>
        <id>33701</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ àpilẹ̀kọ sí Yorùbá àti ṣíṣàfikún àwòrán</comment>
      <origin>622253</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="151263" sha1="bkryyijtpz9fdhl2wawi9fy8p01kqow" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Change in Average Temperature With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún àádọ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/maps/ |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt; Agbègbè Arctic ti ní ìgbóná tó pọ̀ jù lọ, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru lórí ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó ga ju ti ojú omi òkun lọ.]]
[[Fáìlì:Global Temperature And Forces With Fahrenheit.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn agbára àdánidá máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà kan nínú ojú-ọjọ́, ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tí kò dáwọ́ dúró fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní ipa tó pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=SPM-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sources for data and graphic:
* Annual global mean surface temperature data from: {{cite web |title=Global temperature / Get the data / Global mean temperature / NOAAGlobalTemp / Download as CSV |url=https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html |publisher=Met Office (UK) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118194423/https://climate.metoffice.cloud/temperature.html#datasets |archive-date=18 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}
* Natural driver graphic is at: {{cite web |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report / Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis / Figures: Summary for Policymakers / Figure SPM.1(b) |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260113075155/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/summary-for-policymakers/ |archive-date=13 January 2026 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Datasets&quot;.
* Natural driver dataset is downloadable by clicking on &quot;gmst_changes_model_and_obs.csv&quot; at: {{cite web |title= Summary for Policymakers of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure SPM.1 (v20221116) |url=https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216201927/https://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/ar6_wg1/data/spm/spm_01/v20221116/panel_b |archive-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lónìí ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná ayé—ìyẹn ìlọsíwájú tí ń bá a lọ nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé—àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ tó gbòòrò lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé. Ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà pípẹ́ tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní ní àwọn àkókò tó ti kọjá. Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé ní àkókò òde òní jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní pàtàkì, pàápàá jùlọ lílo àwọn epo àpáta bíi kóòlù, epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}: &quot;The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lynas_2021&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lynas |first1=Mark |author2-link=Benjamin Z. Houlton |last2=Houlton |first2=Benjamin Z. |last3=Perry |first3=Simon |title=Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |date=19 October 2021 |volume=16 |issue=11 |page=114005 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966 |bibcode=2021ERL....16k4005L |doi-access=free  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn epo àpáta wọ̀nyí, pípá igbó run, àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ àti iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ń tú àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń gba apá kan nínú ooru tí ilẹ̀ ayé ń tú padà lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gba ooru láti ọ̀dọ̀ oòrùn, èyí sì ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó sún mọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná sí i. Ní báyìí, iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí àádọ́ta nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún (50%) ju bí ó ṣe rí ní òpin àkókò ṣáájú ìgbà ìṣè-iṣẹ́ lọ. Carbon dioxide ni gáàsì pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé, àti pé iye rẹ̀ ti dé ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí fún ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=67}}: &quot;Concentrations of {{CO2}}, methane ({{CH4}}), and nitrous oxide ({{N2O}}) have increased to levels unprecedented in at least 800,000 years, and there is high confidence that current {{CO2}} concentrations have not been experienced for at least 2 million years.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń ní ipa tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí àyíká. Ìgbì ooru gbígbóná gan-an àti iná igbó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}: &quot;Observed increases in areas burned by wildfires have been attributed to human-induced climate change in some regions (medium to high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú ìgbóná ní agbègbè Arctic ti kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ permafrost, ìdínkù àwọn yìnyín òkè ńlá (glaciers), àti ìdínkù yìnyín ojú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC|2019|p=16}}: &quot;Over the last decades, global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers (very high confidence), reductions in snow cover (high confidence) and Arctic sea ice extent and thickness (very high confidence), and increased permafrost temperature (very high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga sí i tún ń fa ìjì líle tó pọ̀ sí i, ọ̀dá, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le koko míì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch11|2021|p=1517}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/water-cutbacks-california-6-million-people-drought/ |title=California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years |first=Irina |last=Ivanova |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=June 2, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà àyíká tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá ní àwọn agbègbè òkè ńlá, àwọn ibi àpáta iyùn inú òkun (coral reefs), àti agbègbè Arctic ń fipá mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè láti ṣílọ sí ibi mìíràn tàbí kí wọ́n parun pátápátá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=EPA|date=19 January 2017|title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems|url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction|archive-date=27 January 2018|access-date=5 February 2019|quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìsapá láti dín ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú kù bá ṣàṣeyọrí, díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ yóò tẹ̀síwájú fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Ìwọ̀nyí ní ìgbóná omi òkun, ìmúra omi òkun di àsídì (ocean acidification), àti ìlọsíwájú nínú ìpele omi òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=64}}: &quot;Sustained net zero anthropogenic emissions of {{CO2}} and declining net anthropogenic non-{{CO2}} radiative forcing over a multi-decade period would halt anthropogenic global warming over that period, although it would not halt sea level rise or many other aspects of climate system adjustment.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi àwọn ènìyàn sínú ewu nípasẹ̀ ìkún-omi tó pọ̀ sí i, ooru tó le koko, àìní oúnjẹ àti omi, àrùn tó pọ̀ sí i, àti àdánù ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Consequences of climate change |url=https://climate.ec.europa.eu/climate-change/consequences-climate-change_en |access-date=10 April 2025 |website=climate.ec.europa.eu |publisher=European Commission |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣíkiri ènìyàn láti ibìkan sí ibòmíràn àti ìjàmbá tàbí rogbodiyan lè jẹ́ àbájáde rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref&gt;
*{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=15}}
*{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization, WHO) ka ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO_Nov_2023&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|WHO, Nov|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àyíká alààyè (ecosystems) yóò dojú kọ ewu tó le koko sí i bí a kò bá gbé ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìgbóná ayé kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=19}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà bí ìṣàkóso ìkún-omi tàbí gbíngbin irúgbìn tó lè fara da ọ̀dá lè dín àwọn ewu ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù díẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ààlà kan sí agbára ìmúra yìí ti dé tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|pp=21–26}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch16|2022|p=2504}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 SYR SPM|2023|pp=8–9}}: &quot;Effectiveness&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; of adaptation in reducing climate risks&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt; is documented for specific contexts, sectors and regions (high confidence) ... Soft limits to adaptation are currently being experienced by small-scale farmers and households along some low-lying coastal areas (medium confidence) resulting from financial, governance, institutional and policy constraints (high confidence). Some tropical, coastal, polar and mountain ecosystems have reached hard adaptation limits (high confidence). Adaptation does not prevent all losses and damages, even with effective adaptation and before reaching soft and hard limits (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwùjọ tó jẹ́ aláìlówó ni wọ́n ń dá ìpín kékeré nínú àwọn ìtújáde gaasi àgbáyé sílẹ̀, síbẹ̀ wọn ni agbára tó kéré jù lọ láti fara da àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì jẹ́ àwọn tó wà nínú ewu jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Tietjen |first1=Bethany |title=Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries? |url=https://theconversation.com/loss-and-damage-who-is-responsible-when-climate-change-harms-the-worlds-poorest-countries-192070 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=2 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ |publisher=[[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]] |access-date=30 August 2023 |date=27 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| width = 300

| image1 = Bobcat Fire, Los Angeles, San Gabriel Mountains.jpg
| alt1 = Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020
| caption1 = Bobcat Fire ní Monrovia, California, ní ọjọ́ 10 Oṣù Kẹsán, 2020.

| image2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral.jpg
| alt2 = Bleached colony of Acropora coral
| caption2 = Àkójọpọ̀ Acropora coral tí ó ti funfun.

| image3 = California Drought Dry Lakebed 2009.jpg
| alt3 = Adágún gbígbẹ ní California, tí ó ń dojú kọ ọ̀dá tó burú jù lọ ní ọdún 1,200 sẹ́yìn.
| caption3 = Adágún tí ó gbẹ ní California nítorí ọ̀dá tó le koko.

| footer = Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ díẹ̀ lára ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́: iná igbó tí ooru àti ọ̀dá ti mú le koko sí i, fífúnfun coral tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìgbóná omi òkun, àti ọ̀dá tó ń buru sí i tí ń ba ìpèsè omi jẹ.}}
Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí ní àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún. Ní ọdún 2024, ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé dé ibi tó ga jù lọ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀, ní +1.60 °C (2.88 °F), láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ ní ìlànà ní ọdún 1850.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/global-climate-highlights-2024#543aa52e-a01b-45e0-adfc-c610e4ac93a5|website=[[Copernicus Programme]]|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Carrington|first=Damian|title=Hottest year on record sent planet past 1.5C of heating for first time in 2024|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/10/world-temperature-in-2024-exceeded-15c-for-first-time|website=The Guardian|date=10 January 2025|access-date=10 January 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú sí i nínú ìgbóná ayé yóò mú kí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí pọ̀ sí i, ó sì lè fa àwọn àyípadà pàtàkì tí ó ṣòro láti yí padà, bíi yíyọ gbogbo yìnyín tó bo Greenland.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris ti ọdún 2015, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè fohùn ṣọ̀kan láti dènà ìgbóná ayé kí ó má bàa dé 2 °C. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìlérí tí àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ṣe lábẹ́ àdéhùn náà, a ń retí pé ìgbóná ayé yóò ṣì dé nǹkan bí 2.8 °C (5.0 °F) ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XVIII}}: &quot;The full implementation and continuation of the level of mitigation effort implied by unconditional or conditional NDC scenarios lower these projections to 2.8&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.7) and 2.6&amp;nbsp;°C (range: 1.9–3.6), respectively. All with at least a 66 per cent chance.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ wà káàkiri ayé fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti kojú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=Damian/&gt;&lt;ref name=Peter/&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti dá ìtújáde carbon dioxide dúró.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP20242&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|p=XV}}: &quot;As at 1 June 2024, 101 parties representing 107 countries and covering approximately 82 per cent of global GHG emissions had adopted net-zero pledges either in law (28 parties), in a policy document such as an NDC or a long-term strategy (56 parties), or in an announcement by a high-level government official (17 parties).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A lè dín lílo àwọn epo àpáta kù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípa píparí ìrànlọ́wọ́ owó tí a ń fún wọn, fífi agbára pamọ́, àti yíyí padà sí àwọn orísun agbára tí kò ń fa ìdọ̀tí carbon púpọ̀. Àwọn orísun agbára wọ̀nyí ní agbára ẹ̀fúùfù, agbára oòrùn, agbára omi, àti agbára ọ̀gbálẹ̀gbáradá (nuclear power).&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Annex III|2014|p=1335}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}} 
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iná mànàmáná tí a ṣe láì fa ìdọ̀tí púpọ̀ lè rọ́pò àwọn epo àpáta fún ìrìnàjò ọkọ̀, fífún ilé ní ooru, àti ṣíṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=84}}: &quot;Stringent emissions reductions at the level required for 2°C or 1.5°C are achieved through the increased electrification of buildings, transport, and industry, consequently all pathways entail increased electricity generation (high confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; A tún lè yọ carbon kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bí àpẹẹrẹ nípa fífi igbó sí i àti lílo àwọn ọ̀nà iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tó ń tọ́jú carbon sínú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;
* {{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|pp=24–25}}
* {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Technical Summary|2022|p=114}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Duarte|first1=C.M.|last2=Delgado-Huertas|first2=A.|display-authors=etal|date=17 January 2025|title= Carbon burial in sediments below seaweed farms matches that of Blue Carbon habitats |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]]|volume=15 |issue=2|pages=180–187|doi=10.1038/s41558-024-02238-1 |bibcode=2025NatCC..15..180D }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Winfield|first1=E.|last2=Ostoja|first2=S.|title= Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health &amp; Carbon Farming [Factsheet]|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-15874560|website=USDA California Climate Hub|date=2020|access-date=13 August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ imọ̀ ==

Ṣáájú ọdún 1980, kò tíì yé àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì dáadáa bóyá ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó pọ̀ sí i ń fa lágbára ju ipa ìtútù tí àwọn patíkù (particulates) inú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ ń ṣẹ̀dá lọ. Ní àkókò náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń lo ọ̀rọ̀ inadvertent climate modification láti tọ́ka sí ipa tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ní lórí ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 5 December|2008}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1980s, àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ global warming àti climate change bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í wọ́pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n sì máa ń lò wọ́n pẹ̀lú ìtumọ̀ tó jọra ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 7 July|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Shaftel|2016}}: &quot;{{thinsp}}'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings.&amp;nbsp;... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century&amp;nbsp;... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena&amp;nbsp;...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Associated Press, 22 September|2015}}: &quot;The terms global warming and climate change can be used interchangeably. Climate change is more accurate scientifically to describe the various effects of greenhouse gases on the world because it includes extreme weather, storms and changes in rainfall patterns, ocean acidification and sea level&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìtumọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, global warming ń tọ́ka sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé lórí ilẹ̀ ayé nìkan, nígbà tí climate change ń ṣàpèjúwe mejeeji, ìyẹn ìgbóná ayé àti àwọn ipa rẹ̀ lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé, bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú ojò rírò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Conway 2008&quot;/&gt;

A tún lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ní ìtumọ̀ tó gbòòrò sí i láti kà gbogbo àwọn ìyípadà tí ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti ní láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìtàn rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde àwọn ìlànà àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}: &quot;Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forcings such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ anthropogenic climate change sì máa ń jẹ́ lílò láti ṣàpèjúwe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde iṣẹ́ àti ìṣe ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |date=2023 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |pages=2215–2256 |editor-last=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/climate-change-2021-the-physical-science-basis/annex-vii-glossary/058768DADC00B52E2ED3381D0259B4E0 |access-date=2026-01-22 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15788-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀rọ̀ global warming—tí wọ́n ti ń lò láti ọdún 1975&lt;ref name=&quot;Science_Broecker_19750808&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Broecker |first1=Wallace S. |title=Climatic Change: Are We on the Brink of a Pronounced Global Warming? |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |date=8 August 1975 |volume=189 |issue=4201 |pages=460–463 |doi=10.1126/science.189.4201.460 |jstor=1740491 |pmid=17781884 |bibcode=1975Sci...189..460B }}&lt;/ref&gt;—di ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn tí onímọ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ NASA, James Hansen, lò ó nínú ẹ̀rí tí ó fi fún Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Orílẹ̀-Èdè Amẹ́ríkà (U.S. Senate) ní ọdún 1988.&lt;ref name=&quot;history.aip.org2&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Weart &quot;The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988&quot;}}, [http://history.aip.org/climate/public2.htm#L_0575 &quot;News reporters gave only a little attention&amp;nbsp;...&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 2000s síwájú, lílo ọ̀rọ̀ climate change ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Joo|Kim|Do|Lineman|2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn olóṣèlú àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan lè lo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi climate crisis tàbí climate emergency láti tọ́ka sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì lè lo ọ̀rọ̀ global heating dípò global warming.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hodder|Martin|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|BBC Science Focus Magazine, 3 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlọsíwájú nínú Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé ==

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Ṣáájú Ìgbóná Ayé Òde Òní ===
[[File:Common Era Temperature.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àtúnbò ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2,000 tó kọjá, tí a ṣe nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò (proxy data) láti inú ìyíká ọdún igi, àwọn coral, àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores), ni a fi awọ aláwọ̀ búlúù hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Barboza|Erb|Shi|2019b}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn dátà tí a ṣàkíyèsí tààrà ni a fi awọ pupa hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasa temperatures&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Láàárín àwọn mílíọ̀nù ọdún tó kọjá, ojú-ọjọ́ ilẹ̀ ayé ti máa ń yí padà láàárín àwọn àkókò yìnyín púpọ̀ (ice ages) àti àwọn àkókò gbígbóná sí i. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn àkókò tó gbóná jù lọ ni Last Interglacial, ní nǹkan bí ọdún 125,000 sẹ́yìn, nígbà tí ìwọ̀n ooru wà láàárín 0.5 °C sí 1.5 °C lókè ìwọ̀n ooru tó wà ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbóná ayé òde òní.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|pp=294, 296}} Ní àkókò yẹn, ìpele omi òkun ga ju ti òní lọ ní nǹkan bí mítà márùn-ún sí mẹ́wàá. Àkókò yìnyín tó gbẹ̀yìn jù lọ (Last Glacial Maximum), tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 20,000 sẹ́yìn, tútù ju òní lọ ní nǹkan bí 5 sí 7 °C. Ní àkókò náà, ìpele omi òkun kere ju ti òní lọ ní ju mítà 125 (ẹsẹ̀ 410) lọ.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=366}}

Ìwọ̀n ooru dúró ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ yí padà díẹ̀ ní àkókò interglacial tó wà lónìí, tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún 11,700 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Marcott |first1=S. A. |last2=Shakun |first2=J. D. |last3=Clark |first3=P. U. |last4=Mix |first4=A. C. |title=A reconstruction of regional and global temperature for the past 11,300 years |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |year=2013 |volume=339 |issue=6124 |pages=1198–1201 |doi=10.1126/science.1228026|pmid=23471405 |bibcode=2013Sci...339.1198M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò yìí tún jẹ́ ìgbà tí iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch2|2021|p=296}} Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìgbóná àti ìtútù ojú-ọjọ́ nínú ìtàn, bíi Medieval Warm Period àti Little Ice Age, kò ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà ní gbogbo agbègbè ayé. Ní àwọn agbègbè kan ṣoṣo, ìwọ̀n ooru lè ti dé ìpele tó ga bíi ti ìkẹyìn ọ̀rúndún ogún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch5|2013|p=386}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Neukom|Steiger|Gómez-Navarro|Wang|2019a}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé nípa ojú-ọjọ́ àkókò yẹn ni a rí láti inú àwọn ẹ̀rí àròpò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate proxies), bíi àwọn igi àti àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín inú ilẹ̀ (ice cores).&lt;ref name=&quot;SR15 Ch1 p57&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=57}}: &quot;This report adopts the 51-year reference period, 1850–1900 inclusive, assessed as an approximation of pre-industrial levels in AR5&amp;nbsp;... Temperatures rose by 0.0&amp;nbsp;°C–0.2&amp;nbsp;°C from 1720–1800 to 1850–1900&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hawkins|Ortega|Suckling|Schurer|2017|p=1844}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbóná Ayé Láti Ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ===
[[File:1951- Percent of record temperatures that are cold or warm records.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga tuntun ti kọjá lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré tuntun, ní apá tó ń pọ̀ sí i lórí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé.&lt;ref name=NOAA_July&gt;{{cite web |title=Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe / Timeseries of Global Land and Ocean Areas at Record Levels for September from 1951–2023 |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |website=NCEI.NOAA.gov |publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014030010/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202309/supplemental/page-3 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |date=September 2023 |url-status=live}} (change &quot;202309&quot; in URL to see years other than 2023, and months other than 09=September)&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:1955- Ocean heat content - NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |Ìwọ̀n ooru inú òkun ti pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, nítorí pé àwọn òkun ló ń gba ju 90% nínú ooru tí ìgbóná ayé ń dá sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=NOAA_NASA_OHC_1957_&gt;''Top 700 meters:'' {{cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |last2=Dahlman |first2=Luann |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |website=climate.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231029171303/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=29 October 2023 |date=6 September 2023 }} ● ''Top 2000 meters:'' {{cite web |title=Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |website=NASA.gov |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020033606/https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/ocean-warming/ |archive-date=20 October 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1850, àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ thermometer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pèsè ìtàn ìwọ̀n ooru tí ó kún dé àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR5 WG1 SPM p4-5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2013|pp=4–5}}: &quot;Global-scale observations from the instrumental era began in the mid-19th century for temperature and other variables&amp;nbsp;... the period 1880 to 2012&amp;nbsp;... multiple independently produced datasets exist.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọ̀rúndún Ìkejìdínlógún sí ọdún 1970, kò sí ìgbóná neti tó pọ̀, nítorí pé ipa ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa ni a dá lóró pẹ̀lú ipa ìtútù tí ìtújáde sulfur dioxide ń fa. Sulfur dioxide máa ń fa òjò asídì (acid rain), ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ń dá àwọn patíkù sulfate (sulfate aerosols) sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi díẹ̀ nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn padà sí òfurufú, tí ó sì ń fa ìdínkù ìgbóná ayé fún àkókò kan (global dimming). Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1970, ìkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i àti ìdènà ìdọ̀tí sulfur mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i kedere.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2007 |title=Global 'Sunscreen' Has Likely Thinned, Report NASA Scientists |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 June 2026 |archivedate=22 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222142212/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2007/aerosol_dimming.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation - NASA SVS.webm|thumb|Àwòrán ìrìnàjò (animation) NASA tí ń fi ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn láti ọdún 1880. Àwọ̀ búlúù ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó tutù, nígbà tí àwọ̀ pupa ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó gbóná. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtókasí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ọdún 1951 sí 1980 ni a lo gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfihàn ìfiwéra.]]
Àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí kò tíì ní àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ní ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún tó kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ dataset fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé, ní ìyára tó tó 0.2 °C fún ọ̀rúndún kọọkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch1|2018|p=81}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ọdún mẹ́wàá 2014 sí 2023 gbóná dé ìpele àárín 1.19 °C [1.06–1.30 °C] ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ìpele ìṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (1850–1900).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Forster|Smith|Walsh|Lamb|2024|p=2626}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kì í ṣe gbogbo ọdún ló máa ń gbóná ju ti ọdún tó ṣáájú lọ: ìlànà ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ inú (internal climate variability) lè mú kí ọdún kan gbóná tàbí tutù nípa tó tó 0.2 °C ju àárín lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Samset2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Samset |first1=B. H. |last2=Fuglestvedt |first2=J. S. |last3=Lund |first3=M. T. |title=Delayed emergence of a global temperature response after emission mitigation |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 July 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=3261 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17001-1 |pmid=32636367 |pmc=7341748 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.3261S |quote=At the time of writing, that translated into 2035–2045, where the delay was mostly due to the impacts of the around 0.2 °C of natural, interannual variability of global mean surface air temperature |hdl=11250/2771093 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 1998 sí 2013, ìpele kéré ti ìlànà méjì bẹ́ẹ̀—Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)&lt;ref name=&quot;SeipGrønWang2023PacificDecadalOscillation&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Seip |first1=Knut L. |last2=Grøn |first2=ø. |last3=Wang |first3=H. |date=31 August 2023 |title=Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |volume=154 |issue=3–4 |language=en |doi=10.1007/s00704-023-04617-8 |pages=1137–1149 |bibcode=2023ThApC.154.1137S |doi-access=free |hdl=11250/3088837 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Shuai-Lei |last2=Huang |first2=Gang |last3=Wu |first3=Ren-Guang |last4=Qu |first4=Xia |date=January 2016 |title=The global warming hiatus—a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation |journal=[[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]] |language=en |volume=123 |issue=1–2 |pages=349–360 |doi=10.1007/s00704-014-1358-x |bibcode=2016ThApC.123..349Y }}&lt;/ref&gt;—fa ìdákẹ́jẹ díẹ̀ nínú ìgbóná ayé, èyí tí a ń pè ní “global warming hiatus”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Shang-Ping |last2=Kosaka |first2=Yu |date=June 2017 |title=What Caused the Global Surface Warming Hiatus of 1998–2013? |journal=Current Climate Change Reports |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=128–140 |doi=10.1007/s40641-017-0063-0 |bibcode=2017CCCR....3..128X }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn “hiatus” yìí, ìdàkejì rẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀, níbi tí ọdún 2024 ti gbóná jù ìpele àárín ọdún àìpẹ́ lọ, tó ju +1.5 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Jeff |date=10 January 2025 |title=Earth breaches 1.5 °C climate limit for the first time: what does it mean? |journal=Nature |volume=637 |issue=8047 |pages=769–770 |doi=10.1038/d41586-025-00010-9 |pmid=39794429 |bibcode=2025Natur.637..769T }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí nìyí tí a fi ń ṣàlàyé ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru nípa lílo àárín ọdún 20, èyí tí ń dín ariwo tí ọdún tó gbóná tàbí tutù ń dá kù, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí a lè rí ìtẹ̀síwájú gidi tí ó pẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021 – the Physical Science Basis |chapter=Summary for Policymakers |date=2023 |pages=3–32 |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.001 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGrath |first=Matt |date=17 May 2023 |title=Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65602293 |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=31 January 2024 |quote=The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkíyèsí míì tún ń fi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|p=S26}}. Figure 2.5.&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Loeb et al.|2021}} Apá òkè afẹ́fẹ́ ayé ń tútù sí i, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń dì ooru mọ́ nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì mú kí ooru kékeré ni ó máa ń jáde lọ sí òde òfurufú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |title=Global Warming |date=3 June 2010 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |access-date=11 September 2020 |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé ń dín ìwọ̀n yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ kù ní àpapọ̀, ó sì ń fa kí àwọn glacier (àwọn àkójọpọ̀ yìnyín ńlá) máa yọ sẹ́yìn. Ní àkókò kan náà, ìgbóná ayé ń mú kí omi tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ láti inú òkun pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ń mú kí ọ̀rinrin inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ojò púpọ̀ sí i àti ojò tó lágbára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kennedy|Thorne|Peterson|Ruedy|2010|pp=S26, S59–S60}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 1|2017|p=35}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewéko ti ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yọ̀ àti ṣọ̀dodo ní kutukutu ìgbà orísun omi (spring), àwọn ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún irú ẹranko sì ti ń ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tutù sí i láti lè yege.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=257–260}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ Láàárín Àwọn Agbègbè ===

Àwọn agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí káàkiri ayé ń gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó yàtọ̀ síra. Àpẹẹrẹ yìí kò dá lórí ibi tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ti ń jáde, nítorí pé àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí máa ń dúró pẹ́ tó nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láti tàn ká gbogbo ilẹ̀ ayé. Láti ìgbà ṣáájú ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial period), àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé àwọn òkun máa ń pàdánù ooru púpọ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi sí afẹ́fẹ́ (evaporation), wọ́n sì tún lè pa ooru púpọ̀ mọ́ sínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Sutton|Dong|Gregory|2007}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára ooru inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ti ń pọ̀ sí i pẹ̀lú àwọn ìdákẹ́jẹ kéékèèké díẹ̀ láti ó kéré tán ọdún 1970. Ju 90% nínú agbára ooru àfikún yìí ni a ti tọ́jú sínú àwọn òkun.&lt;ref name=&quot;ocean heat absorption&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |newspaper=Noaa Climate.gov |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] |year=2018 |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content|archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvipccar5&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch3|2013|p=257}}: &quot;[[Sea level rise#Ocean heating|Ocean warming]] dominates the global energy change inventory. Warming of the ocean accounts for about 93% of the increase in the Earth's energy inventory between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence), with warming of the upper (0 to 700 m) ocean accounting for about 64% of the total.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyókù rẹ̀ sì ti mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ gbóná sí i, ó yo yìnyín, ó sì gbóná àwọn ilẹ̀ ńlá (continents).&lt;ref name=EarthSysSciData_20200907&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckman |first1=K. |last2=Cheng |first2=L. |last3=Palmer |first3=M. D. |last4=Hansen |first4=J. |last5=Tassone |first5=C. |last6=Aich |first6=V. |last7=Adusumilli |first7=S. |last8=Beltrami |first8=H. |last9=Boyer |first9=T. |last10=Cuesta-Valero |first10=F. J. |display-authors=4 |title=Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go? |journal=Earth System Science Data |date=7 September 2020 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020 |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/12/2013/2020/ |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=2013–2041|bibcode=2020ESSD...12.2013V |hdl=20.500.11850/443809 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àríwá ayé (Northern Hemisphere) àti Àríwá Pólù (North Pole) ti gbóná sí i ní ìyára tó ga ju Gúúsù Pólù (South Pole) àti Gúúsù ayé (Southern Hemisphere) lọ. Kì í ṣe pé Àríwá ayé ní ilẹ̀ gbígbẹ púpọ̀ nìkan, ó tún ní yìnyín tó máa ń bo ilẹ̀ àti yìnyín òkun tó pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan lódún. Bí àwọn ibi wọ̀nyí ṣe ń yí padà láti ibi tí ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà púpọ̀ sí ibi dídú dúdú lẹ́yìn tí yìnyín bá yo, wọ́n máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA, 10 July|2011}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìdọ̀tí carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó ń bà lé yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun jẹ́ tún ń kópa nínú ìgbóná àgbègbè Arctic.&lt;ref name=EPA2016&gt;{{harvnb|United States Environmental Protection Agency|2016|p=5}}: &quot;Black carbon that is deposited on snow and ice darkens those surfaces and decreases their reflectivity (albedo). This is known as the snow/ice albedo effect. This effect results in the increased absorption of radiation that accelerates melting.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ní Àríwá Pólù ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìyára tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po mẹ́ta sí mẹ́rin ju ti ìyókù ayé lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;3X2021&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Arctic warming three times faster than the planet, report warns |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-05-arctic-faster-planet.html |website=[[Phys.org]] |language=en |access-date=6 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Rantanen2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Mika |last2=Karpechko |first2=Alexey Yu |last3=Lipponen |first3=Antti |last4=Nordling |first4=Kalle |last5=Hyvärinen |first5=Otto |last6=Ruosteenoja |first6=Kimmo |last7=Vihma |first7=Timo |last8=Laaksonen |first8=Ari |date=11 August 2022 |title=The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979 |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=168 |doi=10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ComEE...3..168R |hdl=11250/3115996 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yíyọ àwọn aṣọ yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) tó wà nítòsí àwọn pólù ń dín agbára ìṣàn omi òkun thermohaline kù ní apá Atlantic àti Antarctic. Èyí sì ń tún yí bí ooru àti ojò ṣe ń pín káàkiri ayé padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Wei |last2=Fedorov |first2=Alexey V. |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |last4=Hu |first4=Shineng |date=26 June 2020 |title=Climate impacts of a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a warming climate |journal=Science Advances |volume=6 |issue=26 |article-number=eaaz4876 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaz4876 |pmid=32637596 |pmc=7319730 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.4876L }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Pearce |first=Fred |date=18 April 2023 |title=New Research Sparks Concerns That Ocean Circulation Will Collapse |url=https://e360.yale.edu/features/climate-change-ocean-circulation-collapse-antarctica |language=en |access-date=3 February 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Sang-Ki |last2=Lumpkin |first2=Rick |last3=Gomez |first3=Fabian |last4=Yeager |first4=Stephen |last5=Lopez |first5=Hosmay |last6=Takglis |first6=Filippos |last7=Dong |first7=Shenfu |last8=Aguiar |first8=Wilton |last9=Kim |first9=Dongmin |last10=Baringer |first10=Molly |date=13 March 2023 |title=Human-induced changes in the global meridional overturning circulation are emerging from the Southern Ocean |journal=Communications Earth &amp; Environment |volume=4 |issue=1 |page=69 |doi=10.1038/s43247-023-00727-3 |bibcode=2023ComEE...4...69L |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=NOAA Scientists Detect a Reshaping of the Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Southern Ocean |url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/noaa-scientists-detect-reshaping-of-the-meridional-overturning-circulation-in-southern-ocean/ |publisher=[[NOAA]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Àgbáyé Ní Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la ===
[[File:Projected Change in Temperatures by 2090.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ CMIP6 láti ọ̀pọ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (multi-model projections) nípa àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé fún ọdún 2090, ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ọdún 1850 sí 1900. Ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí fún òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí wà ní àárín àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ méjèèjì tó ga jù àti tó kéré jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP2024&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schuur2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schuur |first1=Edward A. G. |last2=Abbott |first2=Benjamin W. |last3=Commane |first3=Roisin |last4=Ernakovich |first4=Jessica |last5=Euskirchen |first5=Eugenie |last6=Hugelius |first6=Gustaf |last7=Grosse |first7=Guido |last8=Jones |first8=Miriam |last9=Koven |first9=Charlie |last10=Leshyk |first10=Victor |last11=Lawrence |first11=David |last12=Loranty |first12=Michael M. |last13=Mauritz |first13=Marguerite |last14=Olefeldt |first14=David |last15=Natali |first15=Susan |year=2022 |title=Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=47 |pages=343–371 |bibcode=2022ARER...47..343S |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 |quote=&quot;Medium-range estimates of Arctic carbon emissions could result from moderate climate emission mitigation policies that keep global warming below 3&amp;nbsp;°C (e.g., RCP4.5). This global warming level most closely matches country emissions reduction pledges made for the Paris Climate Agreement...&quot; |doi-access=free |last16=Rodenhizer |first16=Heidi |last17=Salmon |first17=Verity |last18=Schädel |first18=Christina |last19=Strauss |first19=Jens |last20=Treat |first20=Claire |last21=Turetsky |first21=Merritt}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiddian2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Phiddian |first=Ellen |date=5 April 2022 |title=Explainer: IPCC Scenarios |url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/earth/climate/explainer-ipcc-scenarios/ |website=[[Cosmos (magazine)|Cosmos]] |access-date=30 September 2023 |quote=&quot;The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. [[The Australian Academy of Science]], for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3&amp;nbsp;°C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. [[Climate Action Tracker]] predicts 2.5 to 2.9&amp;nbsp;°C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1&amp;nbsp;°C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àjọ Tó Ń Ṣètò Ìmọ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé (World Meteorological Organization, WMO) ṣe àṣírò pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ àǹfààní 50% pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún ọdún márùn-ún yóò kọjá +1.5 °C láàárín ọdún 2024 sí 2028.{{sfn|WMO|2024b|p=2}} IPCC sì retí pé àárín ìwọ̀n ooru fún ọdún 20 yóò kọjá +1.5 °C ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2030s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=7 August 2021 |title=Climate Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405072633/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf#page=955 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |website=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |id=IPCC AR6 WGI}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) ní ọdún 2021 ní àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé kí ọdún 2100 tó dé, ó ṣeé ṣe gan-an kí ìgbóná ayé dé láàárín 1.0 sí 1.8 °C nípò tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná bá kéré gan-an. Nípò ìtújáde àárín gbùngbùn, ìgbóná ayé lè dé láàárín 2.1 sí 3.5 °C, nígbà tí nípò ìtújáde tó ga gan-an, ó lè dé láàárín 3.3 sí 5.7 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=SPM-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé yóò sì máa bá a lọ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2100 ní àwọn àkókò tí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá wà ní àárín gbùngbùn tàbí ní ìpele tó ga.&lt;ref name=&quot;Meinshausen2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Meinshausen |first1=Malte |last2=Smith |first2=S. J. |last3=Calvin |first3=K. |last4=Daniel |first4=J. S. |last5=Kainuma |first5=M. L. T. |last6=Lamarque |first6=J-F. |last7=Matsumoto |first7=K. |last8=Montzka |first8=S. A. |last9=Raper |first9=S. C. B. |last10=Riahi |first10=K. |last11=Thomson |first11=A. |last12=Velders |first12=G. J. M. |last13=van Vuuren |first13=D.P. P. |year=2011 |title=The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=109 |issue=1–2 |pages=213–241 |doi=10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z |bibcode=2011ClCh..109..213M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2021&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lyon |first1=Christopher |last2=Saupe |first2=Erin E. |last3=Smith |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Hill |first4=Daniel J. |last5=Beckerman |first5=Andrew P. |last6=Stringer |first6=Lindsay C. |last7=Marchant |first7=Robert |last8=McKay |first8=James |last9=Burke |first9=Ariane |last10=O'Higgins |first10=Paul |last11=Dunhill |first11=Alexander M. |last12=Allen |first12=Bethany J. |last13=Riel-Salvatore |first13=Julien |last14=Aze |first14=Tracy |year=2021 |title=Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100 |journal=Global Change Biology |language=en |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=349–361 |doi=10.1111/gcb.15871 |pmid=34558764 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/521222 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ní ọdún 2300 fi hàn pé ó lè jọ àwọn àkókò tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=43–44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyókù ìṣúná kábọ́nù (remaining carbon budget) tó kù láti jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru ayé má kọjá àwọn ìpele kan ni a máa ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ àwòkọ́ṣe (models) tó ń ṣàlàyé bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń yípo nínú ayé (carbon cycle) àti bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rogelj|Forster|Kriegler|Smith|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ètò Àyíká ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé (UNEP) ṣe sọ, ó ṣeé ṣe láti jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.0 °C pẹ̀lú àǹfààní 50%, bí ìtújáde CO₂ lẹ́yìn ọdún 2023 kò bá ju 900 gigatonnes lọ. Ìṣúná kábọ́nù yìí bá ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lónìí mu fún nǹkan bí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=XI, XVII}}

== Àwọn Okùnfà Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wáyé Ní Àwọn Ọdún Àìpẹ́ Yìí ==
[[Fáìlì:Physical Drivers of climate change.svg|thumb|Àwọn okùnfà ti ara (physical drivers) tí wọ́n ti fa ìgbóná ayé títí di àkókò yìí. Ànfààní tí àwọn okùnfà tó lè dúró pẹ́ fún ìgbóná ayé ọjọ́ iwájú, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àfihàn yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá àwòrán náà ń fi ìwọ̀n àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]
Ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé (climate system) máa ń ní oríṣìíríṣìí yíyípo àti àyípadà tirẹ̀, tí wọ́n lè pé fún ọdún díẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún mẹ́wàá, tàbí àní ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀rúndún. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ El Niño máa ń fa ìgbóná díẹ̀ sí i nínú ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú, nígbà tí La Niña máa ń fa ìtútù díẹ̀ fún àkókò kúkúrú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Patrick T. |last2=Li |first2=Wenhong |last3=Xie |first3=Shang-Ping |title=Regions of significant influence on unforced global mean surface air temperature variability in climate models: Origin of global temperature variability |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=27 January 2015 |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=480–494 |doi=10.1002/2014JD022576 |doi-access=free |hdl=10161/9564 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ tó lè ní ipa lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé fún àkókò tó tó ọdún mẹ́wàá kan tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Trenberth |first1=Kevin E. |last2=Fasullo |first2=John T. |title=An apparent hiatus in global warming? |journal=Earth's Future |date=December 2013 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=19–32 |doi=10.1002/2013EF000165 |bibcode=2013EaFut...1...19T |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àyípadà míì sì ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àìdọ́gba nínú agbára (energy) tó ń wọlé àti tó ń jáde láti inú àwọn ipa òde (external forcings).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Research Council|2012|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ rẹ̀ ni àwọn àyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (solar luminosity), ìbújáde òkè ayọnáyàn (volcanic eruptions), àti àwọn àyípadà nínú ipa-ọ̀nà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gbà yí Oòrùn ká.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|p=916}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti mọ iye ipa tí ènìyàn ní lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń ṣe ìdánimọ̀ àwọn “àmì àtọkànwá” (fingerprints) fún gbogbo àwọn okùnfà tó lè fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì máa ń fi wọ́n wé àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí àti àwọn àyípadà inú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ayé tí a ti mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Knutson|2017|p=443}}; {{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch10|2013|pp=875–876}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa oòrùn (solar forcing), tí àmì àtọkànwá rẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé yóò gbóná pọ̀, ni a ti yọ kúrò gẹ́gẹ́ bí okùnfà pàtàkì, nítorí pé apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ nìkan ló ti gbóná sí i, kì í ṣe gbogbo afẹ́fẹ́ ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot; /&gt; Àwọn patíkù kéékèèké tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ń fa ipa ìtútù díẹ̀. Àwọn okùnfà míì, bíi àwọn àyípadà nínú albedo (ìwọ̀n ìtanpadà ìmọ́lẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀), kò ní ipa tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Gáàsì Amúnágbóná ===

Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná jẹ́ afínimọ́lẹ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nítorí náà wọ́n jẹ́ kí ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ ayé láti gbóná ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ilẹ̀ ayé sì máa ń tú apá kan agbára yẹn padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń gba apá kan nínú ooru yìí mọ́ra wọn. Ìgbàgbọ́ ooru yìí ń dín ìyára tí ooru fi ń bọ́ sí òde òfurufú kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ooru dúró nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé, tí ó sì ń jẹ́ kí ilẹ̀ ayé máa gbóná sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Causes of Climate Change|author=NASA |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|access-date=8 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èéfín omi (water vapour) (≈50%) àti àwọn ìkùukùu (≈25%) ni wọ́n ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ipa amúnágbóná (greenhouse effect), àwọn wọ̀nyí máa ń yí padà ní pàtàkì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń yí padà. Nítorí náà, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì máa ń kà wọ́n sí àwọn ìfèsì-padà (feedbacks) tí ń ní ipa lórí bí ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe ń fèsì sí ìyípadà. Ní ìhà kejì, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì bíi carbon dioxide (CO₂) (≈20%), ozone inú troposphere (tropospheric ozone),&lt;ref&gt;Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the [[troposphere]] (as opposed to the stratospheric [[ozone layer]]). {{harvnb|Wang|Shugart|Lerdau|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), àti nitrous oxide lè pọ̀ sí i tàbí dín kù láì jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru ló fa á. Nítorí náà, wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ipa òde (external forcings) tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Schmidt|Ruedy|Miller|Lacis|2010}}; {{harvnb|USGCRP Climate Science Supplement|2014|p=742}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution), iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ó wà ní àdánidá mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé gbóná ju bí ó ṣe máa rí lọ ní nǹkan bí 33 °C bí àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí kò bá sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch1|2007|loc=FAQ1.1}}: &quot;To emit 240 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;, a surface would have to have a temperature of around −19&amp;nbsp;°C. This is much colder than the conditions that actually exist at the Earth's surface (the global mean surface temperature is about 14&amp;nbsp;°C).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect?|author=ACS|author-link=American Chemical Society|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html|archive-date=26 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́, iṣẹ́ ènìyàn—ní pàtàkì yíyọ àti lílo àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) bíi èédú (coal), epo rọ̀bì (oil), àti gáàsì àdánidá (natural gas)&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|The Guardian, 19 February|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;—ti mú kí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná inú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọdún 2022, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) àti methane inú afẹ́fẹ́ ti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí 50% àti 164% lẹ́sẹẹsẹ ní ìfiwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=2}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ wọ̀nyí ga ju bí wọ́n ṣe rí ní àkókò kankan lọ nínú ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) tó kọjá.{{sfn|The Cenozoic CO2 Proxy Integration Project (CenCOPIP) Consortium|2023}} Bakannáà, ìwọ̀n methane ga ju bí ó ṣe rí ní gbogbo ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá lọ.{{Sfn|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-35}}

[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide 800kyr.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 800,000 tó kọjá, gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n láti inú àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice cores) (àwọ̀ búlúù àti àwọ̀ ewé), àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti wọn wọ́n ní tààrà (àwọ̀ dúdú).]]

[[File:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Global Carbon Project fi hàn bí àwọn ìmúpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí inú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ti wáyé láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn orísun oríṣìíríṣìí, tí ọkọọkan wọn sì ti ń pọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn ara wọn nípasẹ̀ àkókò.&lt;ref&gt;References for Global Carbon Budget chart updated through 2024:
* For ''carbon'' entries: {{cite web |title=Home ›The Data Hub 2025 ›The Latest GCB Data (2025) |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/datahub/the-latest-gcb-data-2025/# |publisher=Global Carbon Budget }} Click &quot;Global Carbon Budget v2025&quot; to download Excel xlsx file. Multiply these ''carbon'' entries by 3.664 to arrive at ''carbon dioxide'' figures. Contains land use data only since 1959; see OWID references for complete data:
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for other industry, flaring, cement, gas, oil, and coal: {{cite web |last1=Ritchie |first1=Hannah |last2=Rosado |first2=Pablo |last3=Roser |first3=Max |title=CO₂ emissions by fuel |date=23 June 2020 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-fuel |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Download data from chosen chart, &quot;CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type, World&quot;.
* For ''carbon dioxide'' entries for land use: {{cite web |title=Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co2-land-use?tab=line&amp;country=~OWID_WRL |publisher=Our World in Data (OWID) }} Select &quot;Line&quot;, choose &quot;Download&quot;, select &quot;Data&quot;, click &quot;Download displayed data&quot;.
&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ọdún 2019, àpapọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná tí ènìyàn fa káàkiri ayé jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú bílíọ̀nù 59 tọ́ọ̀nù carbon dioxide (CO₂). Nínú àwọn ìtújáde wọ̀nyí, 75% jẹ́ CO₂, 18% jẹ́ methane, 4% jẹ́ nitrous oxide, àti 2% jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì fluorinated.{{sfn|IPCC AR6 WG3 Summary for Policymakers|2022|loc=Figure SPM.1}} Ìtújáde CO₂ ní pàtàkì ń wá láti inú lílo àwọn epo fósílì láti pèsè agbára fún ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, iṣẹ́ ìṣelọpọ, ìgbóná ilé, àti pípèsè iná mọ̀nàmọ́ná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Our World in Data-2020&quot;/&gt; Àwọn ìtújáde CO₂ míì tún ń wá láti inú ìparun igbó àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́, pẹ̀lú CO₂ tí ń jáde látinú àwọn ìfarahàn kẹ́míkà tí a fi ń ṣe simenti, irin, aluminiomu, àti ajílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Olivier|Peters|2019|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data, 18 September|2020}}; {{harvnb|EPA|2020}}: &quot;Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zv7f3k7/revision/2|quote=Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kvande|2014}}: &quot;Carbon dioxide gas is formed at the anode, as the carbon anode is consumed upon reaction of carbon with the oxygen ions from the alumina ({{chem2|Al2O3}}). Formation of carbon dioxide is unavoidable as long as carbon anodes are used, and it is of great concern because {{CO2}} is a greenhouse gas.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane ń wá láti inú ẹran ọ̀sìn, ìdọ̀tí ẹranko (manure), iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ irẹsì, ibi ìkópalẹ̀ egbin (landfills), omi ìdọ̀tí (wastewater), àti ìwakùsà èédú, pẹ̀lú yíyọ epo rọ̀bì àti gáàsì àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Global Methane Initiative|2020}}: &quot;Estimated Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions by Source, 2020: [[Enteric fermentation]] (27%), Manure Management (3%), Coal Mining (9%), [[Municipal Solid Waste]] (11%), Oil &amp; Gas (24%), [[Wastewater]] (7%), [[Rice|Rice Cultivation]] (7%).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde nitrous oxide sì ń wá ní pàtàkì láti inú bí àwọn kòkòrò alààyè kéékèèké (microorganisms) ṣe ń fọ ajílẹ̀ lulẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|EPA|2019}}: &quot;Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of {{N2O}} emissions.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Davidson|2009}}: &quot;2.0% of manure nitrogen and 2.5% of fertilizer nitrogen was converted to nitrous oxide between 1860 and 2005; these percentage contributions explain the entire pattern of increasing nitrous oxide concentrations over this period.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé methane kàn ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín gígùn tí ó tó ọdún 12 nìkan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt; carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró fún àkókò pípẹ́ púpọ̀ sí i. Ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ń gba CO₂ mọ́ra gẹ́gẹ́ bí apá nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle). Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti nínú òkun máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú CO₂ tí ń jáde lọ́dọọdún, CO₂ náà máa ń padà sí afẹ́fẹ́ nígbà tí ohun alààyè bá jẹ ẹ́, bá jó, tàbí bá bàjẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà ibi tí ilẹ̀ ń gba kábọ́nù mọ́ra (land-surface carbon sink), bíi fífi kábọ́nù sínú ilẹ̀ (carbon fixation in soil) àti photosynthesis, máa ń yọ nǹkan bí 29% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ àgbáyé lọ́dọọdún kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òkun sì ti gba nǹkan bí 20 sí 30% nínú CO₂ tí a tú sí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún ogún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=450}}.&lt;/ref&gt; CO₂ kì í kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún pípẹ́ ayé bí kò ṣe pé a ti pa á mọ́ sínú àpá inú ilẹ̀ ayé (Earth’s crust), èyí tí ó lè gba mílíọ̀nù ọdún kí ó tó parí.&lt;ref name=&quot;nasacc&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìyípadà Lórí Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ===
[[File:20210331 Global tree cover loss - World Resources Institute.svg|thumb|upright=1.35 |right |Ìwọ̀n ìparun ibora igi (tree cover) lórí ayé ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì láti ọdún 2001, dé ìpele tí ó ń sún mọ́ àgbègbè tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú orílẹ̀-èdè Italy ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=WRIforestExtent_thru2025&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weisse |first1=Mikaela |last2=Goldman |first2=Elizabeth |title=Indicators of Forest Extent / Forest Loss / |url=https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |publisher=World Resources Institute (WRI) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260430190648/https://gfr.wri.org/forest-extent-indicators/forest-loss |archive-date=30 April 2026 |date=April 2026 |url-status=live}} Chart in section titled &quot;Annual rates of global tree cover loss have risen since 2000&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Nǹkan bí 30% nínú ilẹ̀ ayé kì í ṣe ohun tí ènìyàn lè lò rárá (bíi yìnyín ńlá/glaciers, aṣálẹ̀, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), 26% jẹ́ igbó, 10% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ igbó kéékèèké (shrubland), àti 34% jẹ́ ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ritchie|Roser|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìparun igbó (deforestation) ni okùnfà pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|The Sustainability Consortium, 13 September|2018}}; {{harvnb|UN FAO|2016|p=18}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdí ni pé igi tí a bàjẹ́ máa ń tú carbon dioxide (CO₂) sílẹ̀, tí a kò bá sì rọ́pò wọn pẹ̀lú igi tuntun, èyí ń dín agbára ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers 2019 18&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2018, 27% nínú ìparun igbó wáyé nítorí pípa igbó mọ́ títí láé fún ìtẹ̀síwájú iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ fún ọ̀gbìn àti ẹran ọ̀sìn. 24% míì wáyé nítorí pípa igbó fún àkókò díẹ̀ nínú ètò iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní shifting cultivation. 26% wá láti inú gígé igi fún igi ìkọ́lé àti àwọn ọja míì, nígbà tí iná igbó (wildfires) jẹ́ 23% tó kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Curtis|Slay|Harris|Tyukavina|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn igbó kan kò tíì parí ìparun wọn, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti bajẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ nítorí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí. Mímú àwọn igbó wọ̀nyí padà sípò tún máa ń mú agbára wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkójọpọ̀ kábọ́nù (carbon sink) bọ̀ sípò.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Garrett, L. |author2=Lévite, H. |author3=Besacier, C. |author4=Alekseeva, N. |author5=Duchelle, M. |title=The key role of forest and landscape restoration in climate action |publisher=FAO |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-5-137044-5 |location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2510en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ibori ewéko (local vegetation cover) ní ipa lórí iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé máa ń padà rán sí òfurufú (albedo), àti iye ooru tí a máa ń pàdánù nípasẹ̀ ìyọkúrò omi (evaporation). Fún àpẹẹrẹ, yíyí padà láti igbó dudu sí pápá koríko máa ń mú kí ojú ilẹ̀ di fẹ́ẹrẹ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ó máa fi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn hàn sí i. Ìparun igbó tún lè yí bí àwọn kẹ́míkà ṣe ń tú jáde tí ń ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè ìkùukùu padà, ó sì lè yí ìrísí ìhàlẹ̀ ojú ilẹ̀ (roughness) padà, èyí tí ń ní ipa lórí ìyára afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 December|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní agbègbè olóoru àti agbègbè oníwà àárín, ipa àpapọ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń jẹ́ ìgbóná tó ṣe kókó, ṣùgbọ́n mímú igbó padà sípò lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru agbègbè dín kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Duchelle-2022&quot;/&gt; Ní àwọn àgbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù, ipa ìtútù kan máa ń wáyé nígbà tí a bá rọ́pò igbó pẹ̀lú pápá tí yìnyín ń bò (tí ó sì ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà sí i).&lt;ref name=&quot;Seymour 2019&quot; /&gt; Ní àgbáyé gbogbo, ìdàgbàsókè albedo ojú ilẹ̀ yìí ni ipa tààrà tó lágbára jù lọ nínú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru láti ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀. Nítorí náà, a ṣe àṣírò pé ìyípadà lílo ilẹ̀ títí di òní ti ní ipa ìtútù kékeré lórí ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC Special Report: Climate change and Land p2-54&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=172}}: &quot;The global biophysical cooling alone has been estimated by a larger range of climate models and is −0.10 ± 0.14&amp;nbsp;°C; it ranges from −0.57&amp;nbsp;°C to +0.06&amp;nbsp;°C&amp;nbsp;... This cooling is essentially dominated by increases in surface albedo: historical land cover changes have generally led to a dominant brightening of land.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Okùnfà Míì ===
=== Àwọn Aerosols àti Ìkùukùu ===
Ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́, ní irú àwọn aerosols, ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Haywood|2016|p=456}}; {{harvnb|McNeill|2017}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn aerosols máa ń tú ká (scatter) àti gba (absorb) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn. Láàárín ọdún 1961 sí 1990, a ṣàkíyèsí ìdínkù díẹ̀díẹ̀ nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé ojú ilẹ̀ ayé. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìdínkù ìmọ́lẹ̀ àgbáyé (global dimming).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch2|2013|p=183}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní pàtàkì, àwọn sulfate aerosols tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì tó ní sulfur púpọ̀, bíi èédú (coal) àti bunker fuel, ni wọ́n fa á.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ipa kéékèèké míì tún wá láti inú carbon dúdú (black carbon), tí ń jáde látinú jíjẹ epo fósílì àti ohun ọ̀gbìn (biomass), àti láti inú eruku (dust).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|He|Wang|Zhou|Wild|2018}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 February 2021 |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |website=[[American Geophysical Union]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Monroe |first=Robert |date=20 January 2023 |title=Increased Atmospheric Dust has Masked Power of Greenhouse Gases to Warm Planet {{!}} Scripps Institution of Oceanography |url=https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/increased-atmospheric-dust-has-masked-power-greenhouse-gases-warm-planet |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=scripps.ucsd.edu |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àgbáyé, iye aerosols ti ń dín kù láti ọdún 1990 nítorí àwọn ìlànà ìṣàkóso ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn aerosols kò tún lè bo tàbí dín ipa ìgbóná ayé tí àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ń fa kù bí wọ́n ṣe ń ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wild|Gilgen|Roesch|Ohmura|2005}}; {{Harvnb|Storelvmo|Phillips|Lohmann|Leirvik|2016}}; {{harvnb|Samset|Sand|Smith|Bauer|2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Quaas2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Quaas |first1=Johannes |last2=Jia |first2=Hailing |last3=Smith |first3=Chris |last4=Albright |first4=Anna Lea |last5=Aas |first5=Wenche |last6=Bellouin |first6=Nicolas |last7=Boucher |first7=Olivier |last8=Doutriaux-Boucher |first8=Marie |last9=Forster |first9=Piers M. |last10=Grosvenor |first10=Daniel |last11=Jenkins |first11=Stuart |last12=Klimont |first12=Zbigniew |last13=Loeb |first13=Norman G. |last14=Ma |first14=Xiaoyan |last15=Naik |first15=Vaishali |last16=Paulot |first16=Fabien |last17=Stier |first17=Philip |last18=Wild |first18=Martin |last19=Myhre |first19=Gunnar |last20=Schulz |first20=Michael |date=21 September 2022 |title=Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=22 |issue=18 |pages=12221–12239 |doi=10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022 |hdl=20.500.11850/572791 |hdl-access=free |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022ACP....2212221Q }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosols tún ní àwọn ipa àìtàrà lórí ìṣúná agbára ayé (Earth's energy budget). Àwọn sulfate aerosols máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ibi tí àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké ti ń dá sí (cloud condensation nuclei), wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìkùukùu ní ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn dígí omi kéékèèké dípò dígí omi ńlá. Irú àwọn ìkùukùu bẹ́ẹ̀ máa ń tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà dáadáa ju àwọn ìkùukùu tí ó ní dígí omi díẹ̀ àti tí wọ́n tóbi lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Twomey|1977}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ń dín ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìṣù omi ojò (raindrops) kù, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkùukùu lè tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Albrecht|1989}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa àìtàrà aerosols wọ̀nyí ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ipa agbára ìtanmọ́lẹ̀ (radiative forcing).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-USGCRP_2017_ch2-144&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn aerosols máa ń dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní gbogbogbòò nípa fífi ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òfurufú, carbon dúdú (black carbon) tó wà nínú soot tí ó bá ṣubú sórí yìnyín tàbí yìnyín òkun lè kópa nínú ìgbóná ayé. Ooru àfikún tí èyí ń ṣẹ̀dá máa ń yára mú kí àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) àti àwọn glaciers yo, èyí tí ó sì ń kópa pàtàkì nínú ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2020-11-01 |title=A review of black carbon in snow and ice and its impact on the cryosphere |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |journal=Earth-Science Reviews |language=en-US |volume=210 |doi=10.1016/j.ear |issn=0012-8252 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240216194041/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825220303925 |archive-date=2024-02-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ramanathan|Carmichael|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|RIVM|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=EPA2016 /&gt; Dídín iye àwọn ìkójọpọ̀ carbon dúdú tuntun kù ní Arctic lè dín ìgbóná ayé kù ní nǹkan bí 0.2 °C ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Sand|Berntsen|von Salzen|Flanner|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣe àṣírò pé ìdínkù iye sulfur nínú epo ọkọ̀ ojú omi (fuel oil) láti ọdún 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Sulphur-2020.aspx|title=IMO 2020 – cutting sulphur oxide emissions|website=imo.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; yóò fa àfikún ìgbóná tó tó 0.05 °C sí ìwọ̀n ooru àárín àgbáyé ní ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 3 July|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣe Oòrùn àti Ìgbòkègbodò Oníná Ilẹ̀ ===
[[File:2017 Global warming attribution - based on NCA4 Fig 3.3 - single-panel version.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35| Ìròyìn Kẹrin lórí Àyẹ̀wò Ojú-ọjọ́ Orílẹ̀-èdè (Fourth National Climate Assessment, NCA4; USGCRP, 2017) ní àwọn àwòrán ìṣàfihàn tí ń fi hàn pé bẹ́ẹ̀ ni ìṣe oòrùn tàbí ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ kò lè ṣàlàyé ìgbóná ayé tí a ti ṣàkíyèsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |title=Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I – Chapter 3: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |website=science2017.globalchange.gov |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190450/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/3/ |archive-date=23 September 2019 |year=2017 |pages=1–470 }} Adapted directly from Fig. 3.3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wuebbles |first1=D. J. |last2=Fahey |first2=D. W. |last3=Hibbard |first3=K. A. |last4=Deangelo |first4=B. |last5=Doherty |first5=S. |last6=Hayhoe |first6=K. |last7=Horton |first7=R. |last8=Kossin |first8=J. P. |last9=Taylor |first9=P. C. |last10=Waple |first10=A. M. |last11=Yohe |first11=C. P. |date=23 November 2018 |title=Climate Science Special Report / Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4), Volume I /Executive Summary / Highlights of the Findings of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Climate Science Special Report |url=https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program |pages=1–470 |doi=10.7930/J0DJ5CTG |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614150544/https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/executive-summary/ |archive-date=14 June 2019 |doi-access=free |website=globalchange.gov |doi-broken-date=23 May 2026 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Níwọ̀n bí Oòrùn ṣe jẹ́ orísun agbára pàtàkì fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ní ipa tààrà lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Àwọn satẹlaiti ti ń wọn ìwọ̀n agbára oòrùn (solar irradiance) ní tààrà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|National Academies|2008|p=6}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí àwọn ìwọ̀n àìtàrà ti wà láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (1600s).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Láti ọdún 1880, kò sí ìmúgbòòrò tàbí ìtẹ̀síwájú kankan nínú iye agbára Oòrùn tí ń dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, láìka ìgbóná tó ti wáyé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (troposphere) sí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Is the Sun causing global warming?|website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=18 September 2014 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming|access-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (stratosphere) náà yóò ti ń gbóná bí Oòrùn bá ń fi agbára púpọ̀ sí i ránṣẹ́ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ṣùgbọ́n dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè yìí ti ń tútù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2009&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP|2009|p=20}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí bá ohun tí a mọ̀ nípa ipa àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná mu, nítorí pé wọ́n ń dí ooru lọ́wọ́ láti bọ kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9|2007|pp=702–703}}; {{harvnb|Randel|Shine|Austin|Barnett|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìbújáde oníná ilẹ̀ tó lágbára (explosive volcanic eruptions) lè tú àwọn gáàsì, eruku àti eérú sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó lè dí apá kan nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn lọ́wọ́ láti dé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí ó sì lè dín ìwọ̀n ooru kù. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, wọ́n tún lè rán èéfín omi (water vapour) sí afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ń fi kún iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, tí ó sì lè mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i. Àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí ìwọ̀n ooru kì í pé pípẹ́, nítorí pé èéfín omi àti àwọn ohun èlò tí oníná ilẹ̀ tú jáde kì í dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) láti ọ̀dọ̀ oníná ilẹ̀ máa ń pé pípẹ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n iye rẹ̀ kò ju 1% nínú ìtújáde CO₂ tí ènìyàn ń fa lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.{{sfn|Fischer|Aiuppa|2020}} Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ ṣì jẹ́ ipa àdánidá (natural forcing) tó lágbára jù lọ lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ní àkókò ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ títí dé òní. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ipa àdánidá mìíràn, ipa rẹ̀ lórí ìtẹ̀síwájú ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru àgbáyé láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Ìṣè-iṣẹ́ ti jẹ́ kékeré gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP Chapter 2 2017 79&quot;/&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìfèsìpadà Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:NORTH POLE Ice (19626661335).jpg|thumb|Yìnyín òkun (sea ice) máa ń tan nǹkan bí 50% sí 70% nínú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń dé padà, nígbà tí òkun, nítorí pé ó ṣókùnkùn sí i, máa ń tan nǹkan bí 6% nìkan padà. Nígbà tí apá kan nínú yìnyín òkun bá yo tí ó sì ṣí òkun síta sí i, òkun náà máa ń gba ooru púpọ̀ sí i. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa kí yìnyín míì tún yo sí i. Ìlànà yìí jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedback process), nítorí pé ìyípadà kan ń mú kí ipa rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀ túbọ̀ lágbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |work=NSIDC |access-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ (climate system) sí ipa ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ kan (forcing) máa ń jẹ́ kíkópa láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìfèsìpadà (feedbacks), èyí tí ó lè mú kí ìyípadà náà lágbára sí i tàbí kí ó dín kù. Àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń fún ipa kan ní agbára sí i, tí a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà rere (positive feedbacks), máa ń mú kí ìfèsì ètò ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, àwọn ìfèsìpadà odi (negative feedbacks) tàbí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì wá máa ń dín ipa ìyípadà náà kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology |year=2013 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfèsìpadà rere pàtàkì jù lọ ni ìfèsìpadà èéfín omi (water-vapour feedback), ìfèsìpadà yìnyín–albedo (ice–albedo feedback), àti àpapọ̀ ipa ìfèsìpadà ìkùukùu (net cloud feedback).{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}}&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=58}}: &quot;The net effect of changes in clouds in response to global warming is to amplify human-induced warming, that is, the net cloud feedback is positive (high confidence)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlànà pàtàkì tó ń mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà ni ìtútù nípasẹ̀ ìtan ooru (radiative cooling), níbi tí ojú ilẹ̀ ayé ti ń tú ooru sí òfurufú sí i bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–90}} Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìfèsìpadà tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru, àwọn ìfèsìpadà tún wà nínú ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle), bíi ipa tí carbon dioxide (CO₂) ní nínú fífún ìdàgbàsókè ewéko ní agbára sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1|2013|p=14}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé púpọ̀ nínú àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí yóò máa lọ sí ìhà ìfèsìpadà rere bí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń bá a lọ, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí ìfaramọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ sí ìyípadà (climate sensitivity) pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=93}}: &quot;Feedback processes are expected to become more positive overall (more amplifying of global surface temperature changes) on multi-decadal time scales as the spatial pattern of surface warming evolves and global surface temperature increases.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí máa ń ní ipa lórí bí ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá tàbí ní díẹ̀díẹ̀. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i lè gba omi púpọ̀ sí i ní ìrísí èéfín omi (water vapour), tí èéfín omi fúnra rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ gáàsì amúnágbóná tó lágbára gan-an.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=89–91}} Afẹ́fẹ́ tó gbóná sí i tún lè mú kí àwọn ìkùukùu ga sí i, kí wọ́n sì tútù sí i ní sísànra, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n lè di ooru mú dáadáa sí i, tí ó sì ń mú ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́ pọ̀ sí i.{{sfn|Williams|Ceppi|Katavouta|2020}} Ìdínkù ibora yìnyín àti yìnyín òkun ní Arctic jẹ́ ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì mìíràn. Èyí ń dín agbára ojú ilẹ̀ láti tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà (reflectivity) kù ní agbègbè náà, tí ó sì ń mú kí ìgbóná Arctic yara sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NASA, 28 May|2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Cohen|Screen|Furtado|Barlow|2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná àfikún yìí tún ń kópa nínú yíyọ ilẹ̀ tí ó ti di yìnyín fún àkókò pípẹ́ (permafrost), èyí tí ń tú methane àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) sí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Turetsky|Abbott|Jones|Anthony|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂) tí ènìyàn ń fa ni àwọn ewéko lórí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn òkun ti gba mọ́ra.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Climate.gov, 23 June|2022}}: &quot;Carbon cycle experts estimate that natural &quot;sinks&quot;—processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere—on land and in the ocean absorbed the equivalent of about half of the carbon dioxide we emitted each year in the 2011–2020 decade.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n yìí kì í ṣe ohun tó dúró ṣinṣin. Bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá dín kù lọ́jọ́ iwájú, Ilẹ̀ Ayé lè gba tó nǹkan bí 70% nínú rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìtújáde CO₂ bá pọ̀ sí i gan-an, Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò ṣì gba kábọ́nù púpọ̀ ju báyìí lọ, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìpín tí yóò gba yóò dín kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 40%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|p=TS-122|loc=Box TS.5, Figure 1}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń mú kí ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru (heat waves) pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí ó lè dá ìdàgbàsókè ewéko dúró lórí ilẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yìn. Bákan náà, ilẹ̀ máa ń tú kábọ́nù púpọ̀ sí i láti inú àwọn ewéko tó kú nígbà tí ilẹ̀ bá gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Melillo|Frey|DeAngelis|Werner|2017}}: Our first-order estimate of a warming-induced loss of 190 Pg of soil carbon over the 21st century is equivalent to the past two decades of carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|pp=133, 144}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba kábọ́nù láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ náà yóò tún dín kù bí omi òkun ṣe ń di asidi sí i (ocean acidification), àti bí àwọn ìyípadà ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣàn omi òkun gbígbóná àti tútù (thermohaline circulation) àti pínpín phytoplankton.{{sfn|USGCRP Chapter 2|2017|pp=93–95}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Liu2022&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Y. |last2=Moore |first2=J. K. |last3=Primeau |first3=F. |last4=Wang |first4=W. L. |date=22 December 2022 |title=Reduced CO2 uptake and growing nutrient sequestration from slowing overturning circulation |journal=Nature Climate Change |volume=13 |pages=83–90 |doi=10.1038/s41558-022-01555-7 |osti=2242376 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PearceYale3602023&quot;/&gt; Àìdánilójú nípa àwọn ìfèsìpadà wọ̀nyí, pàápàá jù lọ nípa ibora ìkùukùu,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Technical Summary|2021|pp=58, 59}}: &quot;Clouds remain the largest contribution to overall uncertainty in climate feedbacks.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìdí pàtàkì tí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate models) fi ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí ó yàtọ̀ síra fún iye ìtújáde gáàsì kan náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}: &quot;the nature and magnitude of these feedbacks are the principal cause of uncertainty in the response of Earth's climate (over multi-decadal and longer periods) to a particular emissions scenario or greenhouse gas concentration pathway.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwòṣe Ojú-ọjọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|Àwòrán tí ń fi bí agbára ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín òfurufú, afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ojú ilẹ̀ ayé hàn. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, wọ́n máa ń di ooru mú sí i, tí ó sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára àti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ (climate model) jẹ́ àfihàn àwọn ìlànà fíísìkì, kẹ́mísírì àti ẹ̀dá alààyè (biological processes) tí ń ní ipa lórí ètò ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=120}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí ní àwọn ìlànà àdánidá bíi àwọn ìyípadà nínú yíyípo Ilẹ̀ Ayé ká Oòrùn, àwọn ìyípadà tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú ìṣe Oòrùn ní ìtàn àtijọ́, àti ipa ìgbòkègbodò oníná ilẹ̀ (volcanic forcing).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#types &quot;What are the different types of climate models?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń lo àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí láti ṣe àṣírò iye ìgbóná tí ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè fa, nípa fífi agbára àwọn ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedbacks) sínú ìṣírò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Wolff|Shepherd|Shuckburgh|Watson|2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#who &quot;Who does climate modelling around the world?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ tún máa ń sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa bí omi òkun ṣe ń yípo (ocean circulation), ìyípo ọdún àwọn àsìkò ọdún (seasons), àti bí kábọ́nù ṣe ń ṣàn láàárín ojú ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#what &quot;What is a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A máa ń dán bí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣe bá òtítọ́ mu (physical realism) wò nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò agbára wọn láti ṣàfihàn ojú-ọjọ́ ìsinsìnyí tàbí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch8|2007}}, FAQ 8.1.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kan ti dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìkù sí i ti yìnyín ní Arctic kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Stroeve|Holland|Meier|Scambos|2007}}; {{harvnb|National Geographic, 13 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọ́n sì tún dín ìwọ̀n gidi ìbùsùn òjò tó ń pọ̀ sí i kù nínú àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Liepert|Previdi|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àwọn àwòṣe àtijọ́ kò ṣe àṣírò ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun láti ọdún 1990 dé òní dáadáa. Ṣùgbọ́n àwọn àwòṣe tuntun jù lọ bá àwọn àkíyèsí gidi mu dáadáa.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Rahmstorf|Cazenave|Church|Hansen|2007}}; {{harvnb|Mitchum|Masters|Hamlington|Fasullo|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìròyìn National Climate Assessment tí a tẹ̀ jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2017 sọ pé, “ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ ṣì ń dín agbára tàbí pàápàá kọ́ àwọn ìlànà ìfèsìpadà pàtàkì kan sílẹ̀ nínú ìṣírò wọn.”&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún sí i, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ má lè sọ àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ agbègbè tó máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kúkúrú di mímọ̀ pátápátá tàbí pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó péye.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hébert |first1=R. |last2=Herzschuh |first2=U. |last3=Laepple |first3=T. |date=31 October 2022 |title=Millennial-scale climate variability over land overprinted by ocean temperature fluctuations |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=899–905 |doi=10.1038/s41561-022-01056-4 |pmid=36817575 |pmc=7614181 |bibcode=2022NatGe..15..899H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan tún máa ń fi àwọn nǹkan tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwùjọ ènìyàn (societal factors) kún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì. Àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí máa ń ṣàfihàn bí iye ènìyàn (population), ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé, àti lílo agbára ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́, àti bí wọ́n ṣe ń bá ètò ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Pẹ̀lú ìmọ̀ yìí, àwọn àwòṣe wọ̀nyí lè ṣe àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (scenarios) fún ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná lọ́jọ́ iwájú. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa ń lo àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọlé (input) fún àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fíísìkì àti àwọn àwòṣe ìyípo kábọ́nù (carbon cycle models), láti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ bí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe lè yí padà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 15 January|2018|loc=[https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-how-do-climate-models-work#inout &quot;What are the inputs and outputs for a climate model?&quot;]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Matthews|Gillett|Stott|Zickfeld|2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòkọ́ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé àti àwòkọ́ṣe ìdínkù ìtújáde (mitigation scenario) ṣe yàtọ̀ síra, àwọn àwòṣe náà máa ń ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín 380 sí 1400 ppm (parts per million).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 April|2018}}; {{harvnb|Meinshausen|2019|p=462}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìpa ==
[[Fáìlì:202505 Escalation of extreme heat - 247 countries - attribution to climate change.svg|thumb|Ní fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ gbogbo àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè àti àwọn agbègbè káàkiri ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń ṣe ìwádìí nípa ìdí àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an (extreme event attribution) ti parí sí ìpinnu pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti mú kí iye àwọn ọjọ́ tí ìgbì ooru tó le gan-an ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ju bí ó ti jẹ́ lábẹ́ ìwọ̀n àkókò pípẹ́ lọ.&lt;ref name=WWA_20250530&gt;{{cite web |last1=Giguere |first1=Otto |last2=Tanenenbaum |first2=Vahlbert |title=Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat: Assessing and Addressing the Risks |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |publisher=Climate Central, Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, and World Weather Attribution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250531004758/https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/wp-content/uploads/Report_-Climate-Change-and-the-Escalation-of-Global-Extreme-Heat-Heat-Action-Day-2025.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2025 |date=30 May 2025 |url-status=live}} Click on &quot;Download the data&quot;, and in spreadsheet choose &quot;Countries and territories&quot; tab at bottom to view raw data&lt;/ref&gt;]]

=== Àwọn Ìpa Lórí Àyíká ===
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àyíká pọ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ń kan àwọn òkun, yìnyín, àti ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀nà tó jinlẹ̀. Àwọn ìyípadà wọ̀nyí lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní díẹ̀díẹ̀ tàbí ní kíákíá. Ẹ̀rí fún àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí wá láti inú ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní àtijọ́, láti inú àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́, àti láti inú àwọn àkíyèsí ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Hansen|Sato|Hearty|Ruedy|2016}}; {{harvnb|Smithsonian, 26 June|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti àwọn ọdún 1950 síwájú, ọ̀dá àti ìgbì ooru ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i ní àkókò kan náà pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 15|2017|p=415}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní India àti Ìlà Oòrùn Éṣíà, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òjò púpọ̀ gan-an tàbí àìní òjò tó le gan-an lákòókò àkókò monsoon ti pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Scientific American, 29 April|2014}}; {{harvnb|Burke|Stott|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n òjò monsoon ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere) ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọdún 1980.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Fei |last2=Wang |first2=Bin |last3=Ouyang |first3=Yu |last4=Wang |first4=Hui |last5=Qiao |first5=Shaobo |last6=Chen |first6=Guosen |last7=Dong |first7=Wenjie |date=19 April 2022 |title=Intraseasonal variability of global land monsoon precipitation and its recent trend |journal=npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |language=en |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=30 |doi=10.1038/s41612-022-00253-7 |bibcode=2022npCAS...5...30L |issn=2397-3722 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ṣeé ṣe kí ìwọ̀n àti agbára òjò tí àwọn hurricane àti typhoon ń mú wá ń pọ̀ sí i,&lt;ref name=&quot;USGCRP-2017&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|USGCRP Chapter 9|2017|p=260}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún ṣeé ṣe kí agbègbè tí wọ́n ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ túbọ̀ gbòòrò sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù nítorí ìgbóná ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |first1=Joshua |last1=Studholme |first2=Alexey V. |last2=Fedorov |first3=Sergey K. |last3=Gulev |first4=Kerry |last4=Emanuel |first5=Kevin |last5=Hodges |title=Poleward expansion of tropical cyclone latitudes in warming climates |date=29 December 2021 |journal=[[Nature Geoscience]] |volume=15 |pages=14–28 |doi=10.1038/s41561-021-00859-1 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03560276 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, iye ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tropical cyclone kò tíì pọ̀ sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |date=10 July 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


[[Fáìlì:Sea level history and projections.svg|thumb|Àtúntò ìtàn ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé àti àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ títí di ọdún 2100 tí U.S. Global Change Research Program ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ní ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|NOAA|2017}}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpele omi òkun àgbáyé ń ga sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde ìfẹ̀ síwájú omi nígbà tí ó bá gbóná (thermal expansion) àti yíyọ glaciers àti àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets). Ìwọ̀n ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní díẹ̀díẹ̀, tí ó dé 4.8 cm fún ọdún mẹ́wàá kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín ọdún 2014 sí 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WMO|2024a|p=6}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún (21st century), IPCC ṣe àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní ìwọ̀n 32 sí 62 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde kékeré, 44 sí 76 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde àárín, àti 65 sí 101 cm lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=1302}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlànà àìdúróṣinṣin yìnyín òkun (marine ice sheet instability) ní Antarctica lè fi kún àwọn iye wọ̀nyí ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeConto|Pollard|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí pẹ̀lú àǹfààní pé ìpele omi òkun lè ga tó mítà méjì (2 m) kí ọdún 2100 tó dé lábẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde tó ga gan-an.{{sfn|Bamber|Oppenheimer|Kopp|Aspinall|2019}}

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti fa kí yìnyín òkun ní Arctic máa dín kù ní ìwọ̀n àti sísànra fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Zhang|Lindsay|Steele|Schweiger|2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a retí pé àwọn ìgbà ooru tí kò ní yìnyín rárá ní Arctic (ice-free summers) yóò ṣọ̀wọ́n ní ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé 1.5 °C, wọ́n lè máa ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kan láàárín ọdún mẹ́ta sí mẹ́wàá nígbà tí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, CO₂ púpọ̀ sí i máa ń tú sínú àwọn òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí omi òkun di asidi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Doney|Fabry|Feely|Kleypas|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí pé oxygen kì í tú sínú omi gbígbóná dáadáa bí ó ṣe ń tú sínú omi tútù,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Deutsch|Brix|Ito|Frenzel|2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú àwọn òkun ń dín kù. Ní àfikún, àwọn agbègbè omi tí kò ní oxygen tó (dead zones) ń gbòòrò sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}; {{cite web |title=Climate Change and Harmful Algal Blooms |date=5 September 2013 |url=https://www.epa.gov/habs/climate-change-and-freshwater-harmful-algal-blooms |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] |access-date=11 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Ojú-Ìyípadà Pàtàkì àti Àwọn Ìpa Àkókò Pípẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Tipping points 2022 list.jpeg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó yàtọ̀ síra lè mú kí àwọn apá kan nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé dé àwọn tipping points, èyí tí ó lè fa ìyípadà láti ipò kan sí ipò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Tipping Elements – big risks in the Earth System |url=https://www.pik-potsdam.de/en/output/infodesk/tipping-elements |publisher=[[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]] |access-date=31 January 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-ArmstrongMcKay2022-210&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé tó ga sí i máa ń pọ̀ si ewu pé ayé lè kọjá àwọn tipping points—àwọn ààlà pàtàkì tí, bí a bá ti kọjá wọn, àwọn ipa ńlá kan kò ní ṣeé yẹra fún mọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n ooru bá padà sí ipò rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=283}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Carbon Brief, 10 February|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, Greenland ice sheet ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yo tẹ́lẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé láàárín 1.7 °C sí 2.3 °C, yíyọ rẹ̀ yóò máa bá a lọ títí tí yóò fi parí pátápátá. Bí a bá dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C tàbí kékeré ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ lẹ́yìn náà, Greenland ice sheet náà yóò ṣì pàdánù yìnyín púpọ̀ ju bí a kò bá jẹ́ kí ìwọ̀n ooru dé ààlà yẹn rárá ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bochow2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bochow |first1=Nils |last2=Poltronieri |first2=Anna |last3=Robinson |first3=Alexander |last4=Montoya |first4=Marisa |last5=Rypdal |first5=Martin |last6=Boers |first6=Niklas |date=18 October 2023 |title=Overshooting the critical threshold for the Greenland ice sheet |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=622 |issue=7983 |pages=528–536 |bibcode=2023Natur.622..528B |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06503-9 |pmc=10584691 |pmid=37853149}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé yíyọ àwọn yìnyín ńlá (ice sheets) yóò gba ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, àwọn tipping points míì lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní kíákíá sí i, tí yóò sì fi àkókò díẹ̀ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn àwùjọ láti fèsì sí wọn. Ìparun àwọn ìṣàn omi òkun pàtàkì bíi Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), àti ìbàjẹ́ tí kò ṣeé yí padà sí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè pàtàkì bíi Amazon rainforest àti coral reefs, lè ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún díẹ̀ péré.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ìparun AMOC yóò jẹ́ àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ tó burú gan-an, tí yóò sì fa ìtútù ní Àríwá Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Northern Hemisphere).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ditlevsen |first1=Peter |last2=Ditlevsen |first2=Susanne |date=25 July 2023 |title=Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=4254 |doi=10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w |pmid=37491344 |pmc=10368695 |arxiv=2304.09160 |bibcode=2023NatCo..14.4254D }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní lórí àwọn òkun ní yíyọ yìnyín sí i, ìgbóná omi òkun sí i, ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification), àti ìdínkù oxygen nínú omi òkun (ocean deoxygenation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|p=21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò tí àwọn ipa àkókò pípẹ́ wọ̀nyí máa gba jẹ́ láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún dé ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, nítorí pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) máa ń dúró pípẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|pp=88–89|loc=FAQ 12.3}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àbájáde rẹ̀ ni pé a ṣe àṣírò pé ìpele omi òkun yóò ga ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 2.3 mítà fún gbogbo ìdàgbàsókè 1 °C nínú ìwọ̀n ooru lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smith|Schneider|Oppenheimer|Yohe|2009}}; {{harvnb|Levermann|Clark|Marzeion|Milne|2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n tí àwọn òkun fi ń gba CO₂ lọ́wọ́ jẹ́ díẹ̀díẹ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí dídí omi òkun sí asidi yóò tún máa bá a lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí ẹgbẹ̀ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún.{{sfn|IPCC AR5 WG1 Ch12|2013|p=1112}} Àwọn apá jinlẹ̀ nínú òkun (tó jin ju 2,000 mítà lọ) ti ti fara mọ́ ìpadánù tó ju 10% nínú oxygen tí ó tú sínú omi wọn nítorí ìgbóná ayé tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di òní.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Oschlies |first1=Andreas |title=A committed fourfold increase in ocean oxygen loss |journal=Nature Communications |date=16 April 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |article-number=2307 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22584-4 |pmid=33863893 |pmc=8052459 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2307O }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ó dà bíi pé West Antarctic ice sheet ti dé ipò tí yíyọ rẹ̀ kò ní rọrùn láti dá dúró mọ́. Bí yíyọ yìí bá tẹ̀síwájú, ó lè mú kí ìpele omi òkun ga ní ó kéré tán 3.3 mítà láàárín àkókò tó fẹrẹ̀ tó ọdún 2,000.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lau2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Lau |first1=Sally C. Y. |last2=Wilson |first2=Nerida G. |last3=Golledge |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Naish |first4=Tim R. |last5=Watts |first5=Phillip C. |last6=Silva |first6=Catarina N. S. |last7=Cooke |first7=Ira R. |last8=Allcock |first8=A. Louise |last9=Mark |first9=Felix C. |last10=Linse |first10=Katrin |date=21 December 2023 |title=Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=382 |issue=6677 |pages=1384–1389 |bibcode=2023Sci...382.1384L |doi=10.1126/science.ade0664 |pmid=38127761 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naughten2023&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Naughten |first1=Kaitlin A. |last2=Holland |first2=Paul R. |last3=De Rydt |first3=Jan |date=23 October 2023 |title=Unavoidable future increase in West Antarctic ice-shelf melting over the twenty-first century |journal=[[Nature Climate Change]] |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=1222–1228 |bibcode=2023NatCC..13.1222N |doi=10.1038/s41558-023-01818-x |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣẹ̀dá àti Ẹ̀dá Alààyè ===
Ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí ti mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹ̀yà ẹranko àti ewéko ilẹ̀ àti omi tútù (freshwater species) máa ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=218}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, agbègbè tí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún àwọn ẹyẹ ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà ti ń gbé ti yí lọ sí àríwá ní ìwọ̀n àárín 1.5 km fún ọdún kan láàárín ọdún 55 sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martins |first1=Paulo Mateus |last2=Anderson |first2=Marti J. |last3=Sweatman |first3=Winston L. |last4=Punnett |first4=Andrew J. |date=9 April 2024 |title=Significant shifts in latitudinal optima of North American birds |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=121 |issue=15 |article-number=e2307525121 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2307525121 |doi-access=free |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=11009622 |pmid=38557189 |bibcode=2024PNAS..12107525M }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpọ̀ carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti gígùn sí i ti àkókò ìdagba ewéko (growing season) ti fa ohun tí a mọ̀ sí ìmú-ewéko pọ̀ sí i káàkiri ayé (global greening). Ṣùgbọ́n, ìgbì ooru àti ọ̀dá ti dín agbára àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) láti ṣe iṣẹ́ wọn dáadáa kù ní àwọn agbègbè kan. Kò tíì ṣe kedere bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì àwọn ipa méjèèjì wọ̀nyí yóò ṣe rí lọ́jọ́ iwájú.{{Sfn|IPCC SRCCL Ch2|2019|p=133}} Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ mìíràn tó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ni ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn ewéko igi sí àwọn agbègbè tuntun (woody plant encroachment), èyí tí ń kan tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún mílíọ̀nù márùn-ún (500 million hectares) káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yuanhong |last2=Li |first2=Xiaoyan |last3=Shi |first3=Fangzhong |last4=Hu |first4=Xia |date=December 2021 |title=Woody plant encroachment enhanced global vegetation greening and ecosystem water-use efficiency |journal=[[Global Ecology and Biogeography]] |volume=30 |issue=12 |pages=2337–2353 |bibcode=2021GloEB..30.2337D |doi=10.1111/geb.13386 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ti kópa nínú ìgbòòrò àwọn agbègbè ojú-ọjọ́ gbígbẹ, bíi ìgbòòrò àwọn aṣálẹ̀ ní agbègbè subtropical.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=7}}; {{harvnb|Zeng|Yoon|2009}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọ̀n àti iyara ìgbóná ayé lóde òní ń mú kí àwọn ìyípadà àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní rọrùn sí i.{{Sfn|Turner|Calder|Cumming|Hughes|2020|p=1}} Ní àpapọ̀, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa píparẹ́ ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀yà ewéko àti ẹranko kúrò ní ayé.{{Sfn|Urban|2015}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn òkun ti gbóná ní ìwọ̀n tó lọra ju ilẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko inú òkun ti ṣí lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó tútù sí i lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ pólù ní iyara tó ga ju ti àwọn ẹ̀yà tó ń gbé lórí ilẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Poloczanska|Brown|Sydeman|Kiessling|2013}}; {{harvnb|Lenoir|Bertrand|Comte|Bourgeaud|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí lórí ilẹ̀, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun (marine heatwaves) náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́. Èyí sì ń ba ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀dá alààyè jẹ́, pẹ̀lú coral, kelp àti àwọn ẹyẹ òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Smale|Wernberg|Oliver|Thomsen|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídí omi òkun sí asidi (ocean acidification) ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro fún àwọn ẹ̀dá inú òkun tó ń dá ìkarahun tàbí egungun kalisíọ́mù ṣe (marine calcifying organisms), bíi mussels, barnacles àti coral, láti dá àwọn ìkarahun àti egungun wọn sílẹ̀. Ní àfikún, àwọn ìgbì ooru inú òkun ti fa fífúnfun coral reefs (coral bleaching).{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Summary for Policymakers|2019|p=13}} Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè algae tó lè ṣèpalára (harmful algal blooms), tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti eutrophication ń mú lágbára sí i, ń dín ìwọ̀n oxygen nínú omi kù, ń da àwọn àkójọpọ̀ oúnjẹ inú omi (food webs) rú, tí wọ́n sì ń fa ìpadánù ńlá nínú àwọn ẹ̀dá alààyè inú òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=510}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè etíkun (coastal ecosystems) wà lábẹ́ ìnira pàtàkì. Ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdajì gbogbo àwọn ilẹ̀ olómi (wetlands) káàkiri ayé ni a ti pàdánù nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ipa mìíràn tí ènìyàn ń fa.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch5|2019|p=451}} Àwọn ewéko náà ti wà lábẹ́ ìnira tó pọ̀ sí i nítorí ìbàjẹ́ tí àwọn kòkòrò ń fa sí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo-Schmidt |first1=Lauren |last2=Meineke |first2=Emily K. |last3=Currano |first3=Ellen D. |date=18 October 2022 |title=Insect herbivory within modern forests is greater than fossil localities |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |language=en |volume=119 |issue=42 |article-number=e2202852119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2202852119 |doi-access=free |pmid=36215482 |pmc=9586316 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11902852A |issn=0027-8424 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Climate change impacts on the environment'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt=Underwater photograph of branching coral that is bleached white| Ìparun ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè. Fífúnfun coral (coral bleaching) tí ó jẹ́ àbájáde ìnira ooru (thermal stress) ti fa ìbàjẹ́ sí Great Barrier Reef, ó sì ń fi àwọn coral reefs káàkiri ayé sínú ewu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://sos.noaa.gov/datasets/coral-reef-risk-outlook/ |title=Coral Reef Risk Outlook |date=2 January 2012 |access-date=4 April 2020 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |quote=At present, local human activities, coupled with past thermal stress, threaten an estimated 75 percent of the world's reefs. By 2030, estimates predict more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by local human activities, warming, and acidification, with nearly 60% facing high, very high, or critical threat levels.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt=Photograph of evening in a valley settlement. The skyline in the hills beyond is lit up red from the fires.|Ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an. Ọ̀dá àti ìwọ̀n ooru tó ga mú kí àwọn iná igbó tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Australia ní ọdún 2020 burú sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 7 January|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt=The green landscape is interrupted by a huge muddy scar where the ground has subsided.|Ìgbóná Arctic. Yíyọ permafrost ń fa ìbàjẹ́ sí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ó sì ń tú methane, ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná, sínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Turetsky 2019&quot;/&gt;
File:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear (cropped).jpg|alt=An emaciated polar bear stands atop the remains of a melting ice floe.|Ìparun ibùgbé ẹ̀dá alààyè. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ẹranko Arctic ń gbára lé yìnyín òkun fún ìyè wọn, ṣùgbọ́n yìnyín náà ti ń dín kù bí Arctic ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch28|2014|p=1596}}: &quot;Within 50 to 70 years, loss of hunting habitats may lead to elimination of polar bears from seasonally ice-covered areas, where two-thirds of their world population currently live.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt=Photograph of a large area of forest. The green trees are interspersed with large patches of damaged or dead trees turning purple-brown and light red.|Ìtànkálẹ̀ kòkòrò ajenirun. Àwọn òtútù ìgbà òtútù tó rọrùn ń jẹ́ kí kòkòrò pine beetle púpọ̀ sí i yè, èyí tí ń jẹ́ kí wọ́n pa àwọn agbègbè igbó ńlá run.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/romo/learn/nature/climatechange.htm |title=What a changing climate means for Rocky Mountain National Park |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |access-date=9 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

=== Àwọn Ènìyàn ===
[[Fáìlì:20211109 Frequency of extreme weather for different degrees of global warming - bar chart IPCC AR6 WG1 SPM.svg|thumb|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an yóò máa di wọ́pọ̀ sí i díẹ̀díẹ̀ bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń gbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Summary for Policymakers|2021|loc=Fig. SPM.6
|page=SPM-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Àwọn ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń kan ènìyàn káàkiri gbogbo ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Lenton |first1=Timothy M. |last2=Xu |first2=Chi |last3=Abrams |first3=Jesse F. |last4=Ghadiali |first4=Ashish |last5=Loriani |first5=Sina |last6=Sakschewski |first6=Boris |last7=Zimm |first7=Caroline |last8=Ebi |first8=Kristie L. |last9=Dunn |first9=Robert R. |last10=Svenning |first10=Jens-Christian |last11=Scheffer |first11=Marten |title=Quantifying the human cost of global warming |journal=[[Nature Sustainability]] |year=2023 |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1237–1247 |doi=10.1038/s41893-023-01132-6 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2023NatSu...6.1237L |hdl=10871/132650 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; A lè rí àwọn ipa wọ̀nyí lórí gbogbo kọ́ntínẹ́ǹtì àti àwọn agbègbè òkun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch18|2014|pp=983, 1008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn agbègbè tí ó wà ní latitude kékeré àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa ló ń dojú kọ ewu tó pọ̀ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch19|2014|p=1077}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tó ń tẹ̀síwájú lè ní àwọn ipa tó le gan-an, tí ó tàn káàkiri, tí kò sì ṣeé yí padà rọrùn fún ènìyàn àti fún àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2|p=8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ewu wọ̀nyí kò pín déédéé, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n máa ń kan àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lágbára jù lọ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń gòkè àti àwọn tó ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|loc=SPM 2.3|p=13}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìlera àti Oúnjẹ ===
Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé (World Health Organization) pe ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ní ọ̀kan lára àwọn ewu tó tóbi jù lọ sí ìlera àgbáyé ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=WHO_Nov_2023/&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti kìlọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpalára tó lè jẹ́ àìtúnṣe tí ó ń fa.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń kan ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú ààbò oúnjẹ àti omi.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14&gt;{{harvnb|Ebi et al.|2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022&gt;{{harvnb|Romanello|2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 SPM|2022|p=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwọn otutu tó pọ̀ ju tàbí tó kéré ju ń fa ìbànújẹ̀ ìlera àti ìkú sí i.&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt;&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń mú kí ìgbàgbọ́ àti agbára àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ó tún lè ní ipa lórí bí àwọn àrùn àkóràn ṣe ń tàn, bíi dengue fever àti malaria.&lt;ref name=Romanello_et_al_2023/&gt;&lt;ref name=nca2018_ch14/&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, a retí pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ yóò fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 14.5 sí i títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìdá 30% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé ní agbègbè tí ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) tó pọ̀ ti ń fa ikú pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017&gt;{{harvnb|Carbon Brief, 19 June|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Mora et al.|2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2100, a retí pé ìdá 50% sí 75% nínú àwọn ènìyàn ayé yóò wà ní irú àwọn agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref name=Carbon_Brief_2017/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch6|2022|p=988}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìkórè gbogbo àwọn irè oko ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún méjìdínlógún sẹ́yìn (50 years) nítorí ìmúgbòòrò nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti ti dín ìyara ìdàgbàsókè ìkórè kù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìpẹja (fisheries) ti fara mọ́ ìpalára ní ọ̀pọ̀ agbègbè.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdàgbàsókè iṣẹ́ ogbin ti rí àǹfààní ní àwọn agbègbè gíga latitude, àwọn agbègbè aárín àti kékeré latitude ni ipa búburú ti kan jù.&lt;ref name=IPCC_AR6_WG2_p9/&gt; Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún ń ní ipa lórí ibi tí ilẹ̀ bá yẹ fún irè oko, nípa mímú kí àwọn agbègbè tí irè oko kan lè dàgbà máa lọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó sún mọ́ pólù àti sí àwọn ibi gíga sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd7488en |title=The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture 2025 |date=2025 |publisher=FAO |isbn=978-92-5-140285-6 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd7488en}} {{Free-content attribution |this = yes | license statement URL = https://openknowledge.fao.org/items/feba76d0-dc7e-4ad3-b287-39426f3822fd | license = CC BY 4.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí World Economic Forum ṣe sọ, ìpọ̀ sí i nínú ọ̀dá ní àwọn agbègbè kan lè fa ikú mílíọ̀nù 3.2 nítorí àìní oúnjẹ (malnutrition), àti ìdàgbàsókè kùrọ̀ nínú àwọn ọmọde títí di ọdún 2050.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Economic Forum|2024|p=24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú ìgbóná 2 °C, a lè rí ìdínkù 7% sí 10% nínú iye ẹran-ọ̀sin àgbáyé títí di ọdún 2050, nítorí pé oúnjẹ ẹran-ọ̀sin yóò dín kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Ch5|2022|p=748}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná bá ń tẹ̀síwájú láti pọ̀ sí i títí di òpin ọ̀rúndún, ó lè fa ikú tó ju mílíọ̀nù 9 lọ lọ́dọọdún títí di ọdún 2100 nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2 Technical Summary|2022|p=63}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣúná, Ìgbésí-ayé àti Àìdọ́gba ===
Ìbàjẹ́ ọrọ̀ ajé tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fà lè le gan-an, ó sì lè ní àbájáde tó burú púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|DeFries|Edenhofer|Halliday|Heal|2019|p=3}}; {{harvnb|Krogstrup|Oman|2019|p=10}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ipa tó le gan-an ni a retí ní Guusu-Ìlà-Oòrùn Éṣíà àti ní Sub-Saharan Africa, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn níbẹ̀ gbára lé àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn àdánidá àti iṣẹ́ ogbin.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Women's leadership and gender equality in climate action and disaster risk reduction in Africa − A call for action |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] &amp; The African Risk Capacity (ARC) Group |year=2021 |isbn=978-92-5-135234-2 |location=Accra |doi=10.4060/cb7431en }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|pp=796–797}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ara (heat stress) lè dá iṣẹ́ àwọn tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ níta gbangba dúró. Bí ìgbóná ayé bá dé 4 °C, agbára iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè wọ̀nyí lè dín kù láàárín 30% sí 50%.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|p=725}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ World Bank ṣe sọ, láàárín ọdún 2016 sí 2030, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lè fa kí ọ̀pọ̀ ju mílíọ̀nù 120 ènìyàn lọ wọ ipò òṣì gidi (extreme poverty) bí a kò bá ṣe ìmúdáṣe (adaptation).{{Sfn|Hallegatte|Bangalore|Bonzanigo|Fay|2016|p=12}}

Àìdọ́gba nínú ọrọ̀ ajé àti ipo àwùjọ ti túbọ̀ burú sí i nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG2 Ch13|2014|p=796}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn tí a ti yọ kúrò nínú ààbò àwùjọ (marginalized people), tí wọ́n sì ní àkóso kékèké lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn, ń dojú kọ ìṣòro ńlá nípa dídènà, ìmúdáṣe (adaptation), àti ìtúnpadà lẹ́yìn ìpalára ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grabe-2014&quot;&gt;Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2021&quot; /&gt; Àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀ (indigenous people), tí ìgbésí ayé wọn gbára lé ilẹ̀ àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè wọn, yóò dojú kọ ewu sí ìlera wọn àti ọ̀nà ìgbésí ayé wọn nítorí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn amòye fi hàn pé ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí ìjà ogun (armed conflict) ti kéré gan-an ní ìfiwépọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ohun mìíràn bíi àìdọ́gba ọrọ̀ ajé àti agbára ìjọba.{{Sfn|Mach|Kraan|Adger|Buhaug|2019}}

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn obìnrin kò sí nínú ewu tó pọ̀ ju lọ láti inú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpalára rẹ̀ nípa àdánidá, àwọn ààlà tó wà lórí àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn tí wọ́n lè lò àti àwọn àṣà ìyàsọ́tọ̀ akọ àti abo (gender norms) ń dín agbára wọn láti fara da ìyípadà (adaptation) àti láti bọ́ lára ìpalára kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=The status of women in agrifood systems – Overview |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |publisher=FAO |year=2023 |location=Rome |doi=10.4060/cc5060en }} {{Free-content attribution |this=yes | license statement URL = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_status_of_women_in_agrifood_systems_-_Overview.pdf |license = CC BY-SA 3.0}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ẹrù iṣẹ́ àwọn obìnrin, pẹ̀lú iye wákàtí tí wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n tó kere ju ti àwọn ọkùnrin lọ nígbà àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an bíi ìnira ìgbóná ara (heat stress).&lt;ref name=&quot;FAO-2023&quot; /&gt;

Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ń fi ọrọ̀ ajé eré ìdárayá sínú ewu nípa dídarú àwọn àsìkò ìdíje, bíbà àwọn ohun amáyédẹrùn jẹ́, àti dídín ìkópa àti ìfẹ́ àwọn olùfẹ́ eré ìdárayá kù. Àwọn ewu tó ń farahàn kánkán jù lọ ni a ti rí nínú bọ́ọ̀lù, àwọn eré ìdárayá ìgbà òtútù, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ eré ìdárayá tí a máa ń ṣe níta gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Climate shocks threaten $2.3 trillion global sports economy, study warns |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/sport/climate-shocks-threaten-23-trillion-global-sports-economy-study-warns-5953021 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=CNA |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìṣíkiri Ojú-ọjọ́ ===
Àwọn erékùṣù tó wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré àti àwọn àwùjọ etíkun wà lábẹ́ ewu ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, èyí tí ń mú kí ìkún omi ní àwọn ìlú máa ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìgbà púpọ̀ sí i. Ní àwọn ibi kan, ilẹ̀ lè pàdánù lọ sí inú òkun títí láé.{{Sfn|IPCC SROCC Ch4|2019|p=328}} Èyí lè fa àìní orílẹ̀-èdè (statelessness) fún àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè erékùṣù bíi Maldives àti Tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|UNHCR|2011|p=3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn agbègbè kan, ìgbóná àti ìrì omi gbígbóná (humidity) lè pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí ènìyàn kò ní lè fara da wọn mọ́.{{sfn|Matthews|2018|p=399}} Ní ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ bá burú jù lọ, àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe (models) fi hàn pé àwọn agbègbè tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn ènìyàn ayé ń gbé lè di ibi tí kò ṣeé gbé mọ́, pẹ̀lú ojú-ọjọ́ tó gbóná gan-an tí ó dàbí ti aginjù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Balsari|Dresser|Leaning|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè fa ìṣíkiri nítorí ojú-ọjọ́ tàbí àyíká, láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè kan tàbí láàárín orílẹ̀-èdè oriṣiriṣi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cattaneo-2019&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Cattaneo|Beine|Fröhlich|Kniveton|2019}}; {{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG2|2022|pp=15, 53}}&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ sí i ni yóò fi ilé wọn sílẹ̀ nítorí ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an, àti àwọn ìjà tí ó lè wáyé nítorí ìdíje tó pọ̀ sí i lórí àwọn ohun àmúlò àdánidá. Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tún lè mú kí àwọn ènìyàn túbọ̀ wà nínú ipò àìlera sí ewu. Èyí lè yọrí sí ohun tí a ń pè ní “àwọn olùgbé tí a dì mọ́ ibi kan” (trapped populations), ìyẹn àwọn ènìyàn tí kò lè ṣíkiri lọ sí ibòmíràn nítorí àìní àwọn ohun àmúlò tàbí ọrọ̀ ajé tó yẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Flavell|2014|p=38}}; {{harvnb|Kaczan|Orgill-Meyer|2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;center toccolours&quot;
|+ '''Àwọn Ìpa Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ Lórí Àwọn Ènìyàn'''
|&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;120&quot; style=&quot;line-height:120%&quot;&gt;
File:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|Ìṣíkiri nítorí àyíká. Ìdínkù nínú iye ìròjò ń fa ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀, èyí tí ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin tí ó sì lè fa ìṣíkiri àwọn ènìyàn. Àwòrán: Telly, Mali (2008).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Serdeczny|Adams|Baarsch|Coumou|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|Àwọn ìyípadà nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin. Ọ̀dá, ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i, àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an ń ní ipa búburú lórí iṣẹ́ ogbin. Àwòrán: Texas, Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (2013).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SRCCL Ch5|2019|pp=439, 464}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|Ìkún omi ìgbà omi òkun (tidal flooding). Ìgbàgbéga ìpele omi òkun ń mú kí ìkún omi pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun tí ilẹ̀ wọn wà ní ibi gígùn omi kékeré. Àwòrán: Venice, Italy (2004).&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAAnuisance&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nuisance-flooding.html |title=What is nuisance flooding? |author=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=April 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|Ìmúgbára àwọn ìjì sí i. Bangladesh lẹ́yìn Cyclone Sidr ní ọdún 2007 jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ ìkún omi àjálù tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìpọ̀ sí i nínú iye ìròjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Kabir|Khan|Ball|Caldwell|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Argentina geos5 202211.jpg|Ìmúgbóná sí i nínú ìgbì ooru (heat wave). Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bíi ìgbì ooru Gúúsù Kónì (Southern Cone) ọdún 2022 ń di wọ́pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Vautard|van Aalst|Boucher|Drouin|2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|}

== Dídín Ìtújáde Gáàsì Amúnágbóná Kù àti Mímú Wọ́n Padà Kúrò Nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé, tí a dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí tó wà ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021.]]
A lè dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù nípa dídín ìwọ̀n ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná sínú afẹ́fẹ́ kù, àti nípa mímú kí ìwọ̀n yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Glossary|2014|p=125}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìsàlẹ̀ 2 °C, ó ṣe pàtàkì kí ìtújáde gbogbo àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé dé ipò net-zero ní ọdún 2070.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p12&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí yóò nílò àwọn ìyípadà tó jinlẹ̀, tó gbòòrò, tí a kò tíì rí irú wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀, nínú agbára (energy), lílo ilẹ̀, àwọn ìlú, ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn ilé, àti ẹ̀ka iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àjọ Ìparí Àyíká ti Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (United Nations Environment Programme) ṣírò pé àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè gbọ́dọ̀ mú àwọn ìlérí wọn lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris (Paris Agreement) pọ̀ sí i ní ìlọ́po mẹ́ta láàárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó ń bọ̀ láti lè fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|p=XX}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn ìlérí tí a ti ṣe lábẹ́ Àdéhùn Paris títí di ọdún 2024, àǹfààní 66% wà pé ìgbóná ayé yóò wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ 2.8 °C ní òpin ọ̀rúndún yìí (láàárín 1.9–3.7 °C), gẹ́gẹ́ bí bí a ṣe mú àwọn ìlérí náà ṣẹ àti ìlọsíwájú imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ. Tí a bá ka àwọn ìlànà tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nìkan sí, ìwọ̀n yìí yóò pọ̀ sí 3.1 °C.{{sfn|United Nations Environment Programme|2024|pp=33, 34}} Lágbàáyé, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C lè mú àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé tó ga ju iye owó àti inawo tí a fi ṣe é lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|2022|p=300}}: &quot;The global benefits of pathways limiting warming to 2&amp;nbsp;°C (&gt;67%) outweigh global mitigation costs over the 21st century, if aggregated economic impacts of climate change are at the moderate to high end of the assessed range, and a weight consistent with economic theory is given to economic impacts over the long term. This holds true even without accounting for benefits in other sustainable development dimensions or nonmarket damages from climate change (medium confidence).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 2 °C,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=109}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àti ìlànà ń fi hàn pé lílo agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) gbọ́dọ̀ pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ìmúṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency measures) sílò, láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn ìdínkù tó yẹ nínú ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná.&lt;ref name=&quot;Teske, ed. 2019 xxiii&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxiii}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Láti dín ìnira lórí àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè (ecosystems) kù àti láti mú agbára wọn láti gba carbon dioxide pamọ́ pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ìyípadà tún yóò jẹ́ dandan nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìtọ́jú igbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|World Resources Institute, 8 August|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí lè ní dídènà pípa igbó run (deforestation) àti mímú àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè àdánidá padà bọ̀ sípò nípasẹ̀ ìgbìn igbó tuntun (reforestation).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch3|2018|p=266}}: &quot;Where reforestation is the restoration of natural ecosystems, it benefits both carbon sequestration and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà míì láti dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù ní ìwọ̀n ewu tó ga sí i. Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C sábà máa ń fi hàn pé yóò jẹ́ dandan láti lo àwọn ọ̀nà yíyọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ gan-an ní gbogbo ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Bui|Adjiman|Bardow|Anthony|2018|p=1068}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìbànújẹ̀ kan wà nípa fífi ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé púpọ̀ jù lórí àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ wọ̀nyí, àti nípa àwọn ipa tí wọ́n lè ní lórí àyíká.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=34}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Summary for Policymakers|2018|p=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyípadà ìtọ́sọ́nà ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn (Solar Radiation Modification, SRM) jẹ́ àbá kan fún dídín ìgbóná ayé kù nípa fífi díẹ̀ lára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé dípò kí ó dé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Nítorí pé ọ̀nà yìí kò dín iye àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́, kò ní yanjú ìṣòro àsídìtì òkun (ocean acidification),&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch5|2021|pp=|p=768}}&lt;/ref&gt; a kò sì ka a sí ọ̀nà pàtàkì fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù (mitigation).&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=619}}&lt;/ref&gt; A gbọ́dọ̀ wo SRM gẹ́gẹ́ bí àfikún sí àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù, kì í ṣe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tí yóò rọ́pò wọn,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=624}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí àwọn ewu bíi ìgbóná ayé tó lè pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá bí a bá dá lílo rẹ̀ dúró lójijì tí a kò sì tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í lò ó.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=629}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀nà tí a ti ṣe ìwádìí lé lórí jù lọ ni fífi àwọn patíkù kéékèèké (aerosols) sínú stratosphere (stratospheric aerosol injection).&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch14|2022|pp=|p=1494}}&lt;/ref&gt; SRM lè dín ìgbóná ayé àti díẹ̀ lára àwọn ipa rẹ̀ kù, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò lè ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀ ní pípé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|p=625}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ó ní àwọn ewu fún àyíká, bíi yíyí àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìròjò padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG1 Ch4|2021|pp=625–627}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún gbé àwọn ìbéèrè òṣèlú dìde, bí ẹni tàbí ẹgbẹ́ wo ni yóò ní agbára láti pinnu bóyá a gbọ́dọ̀ lò ó tàbí béẹ̀ kọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;

=== Agbára Mímọ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Global Energy Consumption.svg|thumb|Èédú, epo rọ̀bì, àti gáàsì àdánidá ṣì jẹ́ àwọn orísun agbára pàtàkì jù lọ ní àgbáyé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lílo agbára àtúnlò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pọ̀ sí i ní ìyara.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Friedlingstein|Jones|O'Sullivan|Andrew|2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonBudget_2025&gt;{{cite web |title=GCB 2025 |url=https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |publisher=Global Carbon Budget |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260208191859/https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/ |archive-date=8 February 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}} GCB links to downloadable data at {{cite web |title=Figures from the Global Carbon Budget 2025 / 34: Global energy use by category |url=https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |publisher=CICERO Center for International Climate Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260301111528/https://robbieandrew.github.io/GCB2025/ |archive-date=1 March 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Lisberg Burg Windräder Solar power PC313027.jpg|thumb|Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn, Jámánì.]]

Agbára àtúnlò (renewable energy) jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà pàtàkì jù lọ fún dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change#cite_note-United_Nations_Environment_Programme_2019_46-300&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún, àwọn epo fósílì (fossil fuels) ti ń pèsè nǹkan bí ìdá 80% nínú gbogbo agbára tí ayé ń lò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìpín tó kù ni a ti pín láàárín agbára nukilia (nuclear power) àti àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò, pẹ̀lú agbára omi (hydropower), agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy), agbára afẹ́fẹ́, agbára oòrùn àti agbára inú ilẹ̀ (geothermal energy).&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|REN21|2020|p=32|loc=Fig.1}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A retí pé lílo epo fósílì yóò dé ibi gíga rẹ̀ jù lọ kí ọdún 2030 tó dé, lẹ́yìn náà yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín kù, ní pàtàkì lílo èédú, èyí tí a retí pé yóò ní ìdínkù tó pọ̀ jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA World Energy Outlook 2023|pp=18,26}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2023, agbára àtúnlò jẹ́ ìdá 86% nínú gbogbo àwọn ohun èlò tuntun fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná tí a fi kún un káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;IRENA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Record Growth in Renewables, but Progress Needs to be Equitable |url=https://www.irena.org/News/pressreleases/2024/Mar/Record-Growth-in-Renewables-but-Progress-Needs-to-be-Equitable |website=IRENA |date=27 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn irú agbára mímọ́ mìíràn, bíi agbára nukilia àti agbára omi, ní ìsinsìnyí ní ìpín tó tóbi nínú ìpèsè agbára. Síbẹ̀, àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fi hàn pé ìdàgbàsókè wọn lọ́jọ́ iwájú lè ní ààlà tó pọ̀ ju ti agbára àtúnlò lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2021|p=57, Fig 2.5}}; {{harvnb|Teske|Pregger|Naegler|Simon|2019|p=180, Table 8.1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn pánẹ́ẹ̀lì oòrùn (solar panels) àti àwọn ẹ̀rọ agbára afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà lórí ilẹ̀ (onshore wind) ti di ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀nà tí iye owó wọn kéré jù lọ fún fífi agbára iná mànàmáná tuntun kún un ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi,&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Our World in Data-Why did renewables become so cheap so fast?}}; {{harvnb| IEA – Projected Costs of Generating Electricity 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìlànà ìjọba tó ń gbé agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ ṣi jẹ́ dandan láti ṣàṣeyọrí ìyípadà kíákíá láti inú epo fósílì sí agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |title=IPCC Working Group III report: Mitigation of Climate Change |date=4 April 2022 |access-date=19 January 2024 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè dé ipò àìdọ́gba carbon (carbon neutrality) ní ọdún 2050, agbára àtúnlò yóò di orísun pàtàkì jù lọ fún ìmújáde iná mànàmáná. Ní àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe kan, a retí pé ìpín rẹ̀ yóò dé ìdá 85% tàbí ju bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ ní ọdún 2050. Ní àfikún, ìfowópamọ́ sínú èédú yóò dópin, a ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ mú lílo èédú parí pátápátá kí ọdún 2050 tó dé.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|loc=Figure 2.15|p=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Teske|2019|pp=409–410}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iná mànàmáná tí a ń mú jáde láti inú àwọn orísun agbára àtúnlò yóò tún ní láti di orísun agbára pàtàkì fún ìmúgbóná ilé àti ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3|p=XXIII}}; {{harvnb|Teske, ed.|2019|p=xxvii, Fig.5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò lè yí padà kúrò ní lílo àwọn ọkọ̀ tí ẹ́ńjìnnì ìjóná inú (internal combustion engine) ń ṣiṣẹ́, kí ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná, ọkọ̀ ìrinna gbogbo ènìyàn (public transit), àti àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tí ara ẹni ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú agbára ara bíi kẹ̀kẹ́ àti rírìn ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=142–144}}; {{harvnb|United Nations Environment Programme|2019|loc=Table ES.3 &amp; p. 49}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |year=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún ọkọ̀ ojú omi àti ọkọ̀ òfurufú, lílo àwọn epo tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon fuels) lè dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC-2018 p142&quot; /&gt; Ìmúgbóná ilé àti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tún lè dín ìtújáde carbon kù sí i nípasẹ̀ lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|p=697}}; {{harvnb|NREL|2017|pp=vi, 12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìdènà kan ṣì wà sí ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá tí agbára mímọ́, pẹ̀lú agbára àtúnlò, ń ní.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Berrill|Arvesen|Scholz|Gils|2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Agbára afẹ́fẹ́ àti agbára oòrùn kì í mú agbára jáde ní gbogbo àkókò, wọ́n sì máa ń yàtọ̀ síra gẹ́gẹ́ bí àkókò ọdún ṣe yí padà. Ní àṣà ìbílẹ̀, àwọn odò omi tí a fi ibi ìkó omi pamọ́ (reservoirs) ṣe àti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná tí epo fósílì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni a máa ń lò nígbà tí ìmújáde agbára láti àwọn orísun wọ̀nyí bá dín kù. Ní ọjọ́ iwájú, a lè mú agbára ìpamọ́ batiri pọ̀ sí i, a sì lè ṣètò kí ìbéèrè àti ìpèsè agbára bá ara wọn mu. Bákan náà, fífi agbára ránṣẹ́ jìnà sí ibi tí a ti ń mú un jáde lè dín ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìmújáde agbára àtúnlò kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt; Agbára láti inú ohun alààyè (bioenergy) kì í ṣe agbára tí kò ní ìtújáde carbon ní gbogbo ìgbà, ó sì lè ní àwọn ipa búburú lórí ààbò oúnjẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch4|2018|pp=324–325}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára nukilia jẹ́ ohun tí ariyanjiyan ń díwọ̀n rẹ̀ nítorí àwọn àníyàn nípa egbin ipanilára redio (radioactive waste), ìtànkálẹ̀ ohun ìjà nukilia, àti àwọn ìjàmbá tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citec|last1=Gill |first1=Matthew |last2=Livens |first2=Francis |last3=Peakman |first3=Aiden |in=Letcher |year=2020 |pages=147–149 |chapter=Nuclear Fission}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Horvath |first1=Akos |last2=Rachlew |first2=Elisabeth |date=January 2016 |title=Nuclear power in the 21st century: Challenges and possibilities |journal=[[Ambio]] |volume=45 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S38–49 |doi=10.1007/s13280-015-0732-y |issn=1654-7209 |pmc=4678124 |pmid=26667059|bibcode=2016Ambio..45S..38H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdàgbàsókè agbára omi náà ní àwọn ààlà rẹ̀, nítorí pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ibi tó dára jù lọ fún ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ ni a ti lò tẹ́lẹ̀, àti pé àwọn iṣẹ́ tuntun ń dojú kọ àwọn àníyàn àwùjọ àti ti àyíká tó ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Agbára tó ní ìtújáde carbon kékeré (low-carbon energy) ń mú ìlera àwọn ènìyàn sunwọ̀n sí i nípa dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù àti nípa dídín iye àwọn ikú tí ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1854}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}&lt;/ref&gt; A ṣírò pé ìdòtí afẹ́fẹ́ fa ikú nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù méje ènìyàn lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Watts|Amann|Arnell|Ayeb-Karlsson|2019|p=1837}}; {{harvnb|WHO|2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ṣíṣe àṣeyọrí àwọn àfojúsùn Àdéhùn Paris tí ń gbìmọ̀ láti fi dín ìgbóná ayé kù sí ìwọ̀n tí kò ju 2 °C lọ lè gba nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù kan ènìyàn là lọ́dọọdún ní ọdún 2050. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, dídín ìgbóná ayé kù sí 1.5 °C lè gba ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ènìyàn là, nígbà kan náà sì lè mú ààbò agbára sunwọ̀n sí i àti dín òṣì kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|WHO|2018|p=27}}; {{harvnb|Vandyck|Keramidas|Kitous|Spadaro|2018}}; {{harvnb|IPCC SR15|2018|p=97}}: &quot;Limiting warming to 1.5&amp;nbsp;°C can be achieved synergistically with poverty alleviation and improved energy security and can provide large public health benefits through improved air quality, preventing millions of premature deaths. However, specific mitigation measures, such as bioenergy, may result in trade-offs that require consideration.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Mímú afẹ́fẹ́ di mímọ́ sí i tún ní àwọn àǹfààní ọrọ̀ ajé, tí ó lè tóbi ju iye owó tí a ná fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ dídín ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR6 WG3|2022|p=300}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìfi Agbára Pamọ́ ===
Dídín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù jẹ́ apá pàtàkì mìíràn nínú àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=97}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tí agbára tí a nílò bá dín kù, yóò rọrùn sí i láti gbé ìdàgbàsókè agbára mímọ́ lárugẹ. Ó tún máa ń jẹ́ kí iṣakoso àkójọpọ̀ iná mànàmáná (electricity grid) rọrùn, ó sì ń dín àìní láti kọ́ àwọn amáyédẹrùn tí ìtújáde carbon wọn ga kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 SYR Summary for Policymakers|2014|p=29}}; {{harvnb|IEA|2020b}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti lè ṣàṣeyọrí àwọn àfojúsùn ojú-ọjọ́, yóò jẹ́ dandan kí ìfowópamọ́ sínú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa (energy efficiency) pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, ní ìwọ̀n tó jọ iye ìfowópamọ́ tí a ń ṣe sínú agbára àtúnlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=155|loc=Fig. 2.27}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìyípadà tó jẹmọ́ àjàkálẹ̀-àrùn COVID-19, pẹ̀lú àwọn àyípadà nínú bí a ṣe ń lo agbára, ìfowópamọ́ sínú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa, àti ìpèsè owó, ti mú kí àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ fún ọdún mẹ́wàá yìí túbọ̀ ṣòro àti kún fún àìdánilójú.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IEA|2020b}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ọ̀nà láti dín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù yàtọ̀ láti ẹ̀ka kan sí òmíràn. Nínú ẹ̀ka ọkọ̀ ìrìnàjò, àwọn arìnrìn-àjò àti àwọn tó ń gbé ẹrù lè yí padà sí lílo àwọn ọ̀nà ìrìnàjò tó munadoko sí i, bíi bọ́ọ̀sì àti ọkọ̀ ojú irin, tàbí kí wọ́n lo àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ iná mànàmáná.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|p=142}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nínú ẹ̀ka ilé iṣẹ́, àwọn ọ̀nà láti dín ìbéèrè fún agbára kù ní mímú àwọn ètò ìmúgbóná àti àwọn mótò ṣiṣẹ́ dáadáa sí i, ṣíṣe àwọn ọjà tí kò nílò agbára púpọ̀ láti ṣe, àti mímú kí àkókò ìlò àwọn ọjà pẹ́ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=138–140}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nínú ẹ̀ka àwọn ilé, àfojúsùn ni ṣíṣe àwòrán àti ètò àwọn ilé tuntun dáadáa sí i, pẹ̀lú mímú ìmúṣiṣẹ́ agbára dáadáa sí i nígbà àtúnṣe àwọn ilé tó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC SR15 Ch2|2018|pp=141–142}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lílo àwọn imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ bíi heat pumps tún lè mú kí agbára tí àwọn ilé ń lò munadoko sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|IPCC AR5 WG3 Ch9|2014|pp=686–694}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ogbin àti Ilé-iṣẹ́ ===
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector.svg|thumb|Nígbà tí a bá ka àwọn ìtújáde taara àti àwọn ìtújáde àìtààrà pọ̀, ẹ̀ka ilé-iṣẹ́ ni ó ní ìpín tó ga jù lọ nínú ìtújáde gáàsì amúnágbóná àgbáyé. Dátà náà jẹ́ ti IPCC ní ọdún 2019.]]


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bkryyijtpz9fdhl2wawi9fy8p01kqow</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi ti Ipinle Borno</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80363</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622148</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T17:50:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346582428|Borno State flooding]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622148</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11720" sha1="rnljje1cr57d6lttsma382qth5dbsbr" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; {{Infobox flood|name=Borno State flooding|duration=September 2024|fatalities=150|damages=70% community submersion, displacing 419,000+|cause=Heavy rainfall and the collapse of [[Alau Dam]]|affected=[[Borno State]], [[Nigeria]]}}{{OSM Location map|coord={{Coord|11|43|27|N|13|17|06|E|type:landmark_region:NG-BO|display=title,inline}}|zoom=4|width=250|height=200|caption=Location of [[Alau Dam]] in Nigeria.|label=|mark-coord={{coord| | }}|label-pos=|mark-title=|mark-image=|mark-description=}}{{OSM Location map|coord={{Coord|11|43|27|N|13|17|06|E|type:landmark_region:NG-BO|display=title,inline}}|zoom=4|width=250|height=200|caption=Location of [[Alau Dam]] in Nigeria.|label=|mark-coord={{coord| | }}|label-pos=|mark-title=|mark-image=|mark-description=}}Ìpínlẹ̀ Borno,Nàìjíríà dojúkọ ìkún omi lẹ́yìn tí ìdajì Alau Dam wó lulẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2024. Àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ Maiduguri àti Jere ló ní ipa pàtàkì: gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri ti Orílẹ̀-èdè ti sọ, ó lé ní 70% àwọn olùgbé ní Maiduguri tí wọ́n ti sá kúrò nílé. Ó kéré tán ènìyàn méjídínlọgọ́jọ ló kú.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=21 October 2024|title=Borno flood killed 150 persons, displaced thousands, says SEMA as FG constructs dam in Benue|url=https://guardian.ng/news/borno-flood-killed-150-persons-displaced-thousands-says-sema-as-fg-constructs-dam-in-benue|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=21 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Nema&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=Borno dam collapse: FG opens IDP camps as flood submerges 70% of Maiduguri|url=https://punchng.com/borno-dam-collapse-fg-opens-idp-camps-as-flood-submerges-70-of-maiduguri/|access-date=11 September 2024|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àjọ àwọn asásálà ti Àjọ Àgbáyé ní Nàìjíríà ṣàpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó burú jùlọ tí ó kọlu ìlú náà ní ọgbọ̀n ọdún, tí ó kan àwọn ènìyàn tí ó lé ní mílíọ̀nù kan. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; 

Ìkún omi náà jẹ́ ara ìkún omi tó wáyé ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2024.

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà ti ní ìrírí díẹ̀ lára ​​​​àwọn ìkún omi tó burú jùlọ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè ti sọ, ó lé ní mílíọ̀nù 2.3 ènìyàn tí ó ní ipa ní ọdún 2023, èyí tí ó ju ìlọ́po mẹ́ta lọ ju ti ọdún 2022 lọ.

Wọ́n kọ́ Dam Alau ní ọdún 1986 láti ran àwọn àgbẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ nípa ìtọ́jú omi àti láti ṣàkóso ìkún omi láti Odò Ngadda. Kí ó tó di ọdún 2024, Dam náà ti ya lẹ́ẹ̀mejì: ní ọdún 1994 àti 2012, èyí sì yọrí sí ìkún omi àwọn agbègbè. 

Ìpínlẹ̀ Borno náà ti ń ní ìṣòro ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àwọn ènìyàn ní ọdún mẹ́wàá tó kọjá nítorí ìkọlù Boko Haram. Ìkọlù náà ti lé àwọn ènìyàn tó lé ní mílíọ̀nù méjì àti mẹ́rìndínlọ́gọ́rin kúrò ní ìlú, ọ̀pọ̀ wọn sì ń gbé ní àgọ́ tí ìkún omi lè ba. 

== Àwọn okùnfà ==
Òjò bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í rọ̀ ní ìparí oṣù kẹjọ ní àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ Bama, Damboa àti Gwoza, Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ojú Ọjọ́ Nàìjíríà sì sọtẹ́lẹ̀ pé ó lè fa ìkún omi. Bí omi tó wà nínú ibi ìtọ́jú omi Alau Dam ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ará ìlú tí wọ́n ní àníyàn nípa rẹ̀ fi tó àwọn aláṣẹ létí, àwọn aṣojú sì dé. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Chimezie|first=Brown|date=12 September 2024|title=Dam collapse governance failure -RDI|url=https://thesun.ng/dam-collapse-governance-failure-rdi/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=14 September 2024|newspaper=[[The Sun (Nigeria)|The Sun]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìdá omi bẹ́ sílẹ̀ ==
Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kẹsàn-án, Omi Alau bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í fọ́, ó sì ya bèbè rẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín, èyí sì fa ìkún omi tó kún bo àwọn agbègbè tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ náà, tó sì ba gbogbo wọn jẹ́. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Tinubu Rises to Maiduguri Flood Disaster, Promises to Assist State, Orders Evacuation|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2024/09/11/tinubu-rises-to-maiduguri-flood-disaster-promises-to-assist-state-orders-evacuation/|date=11 September 2024|location=[[Abuja]], [[Gombe State|Gombe]], [[Yenagoa]], [[Lagos]]|access-date=11 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àwọn ìṣesí ==
Gomina Babagana Zulum ṣí ibùdó àwọn ará ìlú Bakassi tí wọ́n ti lé kúrò nílé wọn (IDP) àti àwọn mìíràn ní àwọn agbègbè olókè fún ààbò àwọn ará ìlú. Ó sọ fún àwọn oníròyìn pé ó lé ní mílíọ̀nù kan ènìyàn tí ìkún omi náà kàn, ó sì ṣàpèjúwe ìbàjẹ́ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí “ohun tí ó kọjá ìrònú ènìyàn”. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=Maiduguri Flood: One million people affected – Zulum – Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/maiduguri-flood-one-million-people-affected-says-zulum/|access-date=11 September 2024|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Igbákejì Ààrẹ Kashim Shettima ṣèbẹ̀wò sí ìpínlẹ̀ náà láti rí bí ìbàjẹ́ náà ṣe pọ̀ tó, ó sì fi dá àwọn olùgbé ibẹ̀ lójú pé ìjọba àpapọ̀ yóò ran wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti kojú ìṣòro náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=Borno dam collapse: FG opens IDP camps as flood submerges 70% of Maiduguri|url=https://punchng.com/borno-dam-collapse-fg-opens-idp-camps-as-flood-submerges-70-of-maiduguri/|access-date=11 September 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ibi ìtọ́jú omi tí ó bàjẹ́ àti àwọn ibi ìsìnkú tí ó kún fún omi tún ń fa ìbẹ̀rù ìtànkálẹ̀ àwọn àrùn àkóràn kíákíá. Aṣojú Orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà fún Àjọ Ìlera Àgbáyé, Dókítà Kazadi Mulombo kéde pé WHO yóò ṣe amọ̀nà ìtọ́jú ìlera pẹ̀lú ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn àjọ mìíràn bíi etò Oúnjẹ agbáyéàti UNICEF, tí wọ́n ń dojúkọ oúnjẹ, omi, ìmọ́tótó àti ìmọ́tótó. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=13 September 2024|title=Flood: WHO Commits to Coordinated Response and Support to Borno|url=https://von.gov.ng/flood-who-commits-to-coordinated-response-and-support-to-borno/|access-date=13 September 2024|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àbájáde ==
[[Fáìlì:Sanda_Kyarimi_Park_Zoo_Entry_Gate.jpg|thumb|Ọpọlọpọ ẹranko ni a pa tabi sa kuro ninu igbekun ni Sanda Kyarimi Park Zoo]]
Gomina kede pipade awọn ile-iwe ni ipinlẹ naa bi omi ṣe n ga si i nitori fifọ omi naa. Ikun omi naa kan Sanda Kyarimi Park Zoo, ọgba ẹranko ati ibi igbẹ ni Maiduguri. Awọn ijabọ fihan pe 40% awọn ẹranko rẹ ku nigba ti awọn miiran salọ kuro ni igbekun ati pe a rii wọn ni opopona olu-ilu naa.  Nitori ewu ikọlu lati ọdọ awọn ẹranko, a rọ awọn olugbe lati ṣe awọn iṣọra. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 September 2024|title=Crocodiles and snakes 'washed into communities' as flood hits Nigerian zoo|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/sep/10/nigeria-floods-borno-alua-dam-maiduguri|access-date=11 September 2024|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri Orílẹ̀-èdè (NEMA) ti sọ, ìkún omi náà ti lé ní 70% àwọn olùgbé ní ìpínlẹ̀ Borno àti èyí tó lé ní 70% ìlú Maiduguri.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=10 September 2024|title=REWIND: In 1994, Alau Dam collapsed, displacing 400,000 persons in Maiduguri|url=https://www.thecable.ng/rewind-in-1994-alau-dam-collapsed-displacing-400000-persons-in-maiduguri/|access-date=11 September 2024|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sọ pé ó kéré tán ènìyàn ogbon ló kú tí ó sì lé ní 400,000 tí wọ́n ti sá kúrò nílé. 

Ilé ìwòsàn gbogbogbòò ti ìpínlẹ̀ náà àti ilé ìwòsàn ẹ̀kọ́ ti Yunifásítì Maiduguri náà ní ipa nínú ìkún omi náà. Àwọn àgọ́ ìsádi náà tún ní ipa lórí bí wọ́n ṣe ń kó àwọn ènìyàn kúrò ní àgọ́ El Miskin sí àgọ́ Bakasi fún ààbò gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí gbogbogbò ti NEMA ti sọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nema&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=Borno dam collapse: FG opens IDP camps as flood submerges 70% of Maiduguri|url=https://punchng.com/borno-dam-collapse-fg-opens-idp-camps-as-flood-submerges-70-of-maiduguri/|access-date=11 September 2024|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://punchng.com/borno-dam-collapse-fg-opens-idp-camps-as-flood-submerges-70-of-maiduguri/ &quot;Borno dam collapse: FG opens IDP camps as flood submerges 70% of Maiduguri&quot;]. ''[[The Punch]]''. 11 September 2024&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;11 September&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=NEMA deploys additional resources to rescue Maiduguri flood victims|url=https://von.gov.ng/nema-deploys-additional-resources-to-rescue-maiduguri-flood-victims/|access-date=11 September 2024|newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí ìkún omi náà mú kí ògiri náà wó lulẹ̀, àwọn ẹlẹ́wọ̀n ọ̀tàlénígba le mẹwaa sá àsálà láti ọgbà ẹ̀wọ̀n Iṣẹ́ Àtúnṣe Nàìjíríà ní Maidugur. Títí di ìsinsìnyí, wọ́n ti mú àwọn ẹlẹ́wọ̀n méje padà pẹ̀lú Gómìnà Zulum tí ó sọ pé àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Islamist ajìjàgbara Boko Haram wà lára ​​àwọn tí wọ́n ti jáde. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=11 September 2024|title=Borno dam collapse: FG opens IDP camps as flood submerges 70% of Maiduguri|url=https://punchng.com/borno-dam-collapse-fg-opens-idp-camps-as-flood-submerges-70-of-maiduguri/|access-date=11 September 2024|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Àwòrán ibi ìkópamọ́ ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_01.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_02.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_03.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_04.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_05.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_06.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_07.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_08.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_09.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_10.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_11.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_12.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_13.jpg
Fáìlì:Maiduguri_flooding.jpg_14.jpg
Fáìlì:Emir_of_Potiskum_with_Governor_of_Borno_Babagana_Zulum.jpg|alt=The Emir of Potiskum, Alhaji Umaru Bubaram, paid a visit to the Governor of Borno State, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum, to express his concern and solidarity over the severe flooding that has devastated parts of Maiduguri and surrounding areas.| Emir ti Potiskum, Alhaji Umaru Bubaram, lọ sí ọ̀dọ̀ Gómìnà ìpínlẹ̀ Borno, Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Babagana Umara Zulum, láti fi àníyàn àti ìṣọ̀kan rẹ̀ hàn lórí ìkún omi líle tó ti ba àwọn apá kan ní Maiduguri àti àwọn agbègbè tó yí i ká jẹ́.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* [[2024 Lekki ikun omi|Ìkún omi Lekki ti ọdún 2024]]
* [[Iṣan omi ti Nàìjíríà ni odun 2024|Ìkún omi ní Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 2024]]

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>rnljje1cr57d6lttsma382qth5dbsbr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Pajawiri Orilẹ-ede (Nigeria)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622149</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T18:02:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358068077|National Emergency Management Agency (Nigeria)]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622149</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5011" sha1="qic0djyxnnm78nf6kpbicuqzwviehui" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox government agency|seal=|seal_width=|seal_caption=|logo=[[File:NEMA Logo.png|300px]]|formed=1999|preceding2=|dissolved=|superseding=|jurisdiction=[[Government of Nigeria]]|headquarters=[[Abuja]]|employees=|budget=|minister1_name=[[Zubaida Umar]]|minister1_pfo=Director General|chief1_name=|chief1_position=|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|chief3_name=|chief3_position=|chief4_name=|chief4_position=|chief5_name=|chief5_position=|chief6_name=|chief6_position=|chief7_name=|chief7_position=|chief8_name=|chief8_position=|chief9_name=|chief9_position=|parent_department=|website={{URL|https://nema.gov.ng/}}|footnotes=}}'''Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Pajawiri Orilẹ-ede''' jẹ ile-iṣẹ kan ni Nàìjíríà .  Ile-iṣẹ naa dojukọ apo ajalu ni gbogbo awọn apa aso-ede naa. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; A da ile-iṣẹ silẹ ni ọdun 1999, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Disaster risks and management policies and practices in Nigeria: A critical appraisal of the National Emergency Management Agency Act|date=February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; A dá àjọ náà sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1999,[1] ó sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn ìlànà tó jẹ mọ́ ìṣàkóso àjálù ní Nàìjíríà.

Ilé iṣẹ́ náà ń ṣe àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ pajawiri ìpele ìpínlẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní Àwọn Ilé iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri ti Ìpínlẹ̀, bíi Ilé iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Edo. Òfin NEMA tí ó dá iṣẹ́ ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè sílẹ̀ fún àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ wọ̀nyí ní àṣẹ.  Ní ọdún 2011, mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n nínú àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ mẹ́rìndínlógójì ti Nàìjíríà ní àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpínlẹ̀. 

== Àwọn iṣẹ́ ==
Òfin NEMA fún NEMA ní agbára láti máa bójútó àwọn ìjákulẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìlànà tó fún ni lágbára, àjọ náà yóò ṣe lára ​​àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí:

* Ṣe àwárí ètò lórí onírúurú ìṣípò tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àjálù àwọn olórí ní Nàìjíríà kí o sì ṣètò àwọn ètò àti iṣẹ́ àgbékalẹ̀ fún ìhùwàpadà àti ipa tí ó ní lórí àwọn ìjákulẹ̀ ní ìpele gbogbogbòò;

* Ṣe àyẹ̀wò ipò ìmúrasílẹ̀ gbogbo ènìyàn.

== Àwọn ohun èlò àti àwọn ètò ìṣiṣẹ́ ==

=== Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Iṣẹ-iranṣẹ (MCC) ===
Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Iṣẹ naa wa ni Central Command ti NEMA, eyi ti o jẹ imọ-ẹrọ satẹlaiti eto kọmputa ti o nlo ilana/ile-iṣẹ imọ-ẹrọ COSPAS-SARSAT. Eto naa ni a ṣe lati yan awọn ikilọ wahala ati alaye agbegbe lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun Iṣẹ Wiwa ati Igbala, nipa lilo awọn ọfiisi rocket ati ilẹ lati ṣe idanimọ ati wa awọn ami itọkasi ti awọn aaye ibanujẹ ti n ṣiṣẹ lori 406 MHz. Nigbati itaniji wahala ba wa lati ọdọ itọsọna ti o wa lori ọkọ oju omi tabi ọkọ ofurufu, eto satẹlaiti yoo fi ami naa ranṣẹ si awọn ọfiisi apakan ilẹ lati ibi ti a ti ṣakoso alaye naa ti a si fi ranṣẹ si Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Iṣẹ ti o baamu (MCC).

=== Ètò Ìwífún Nípa Ilẹ̀ Ayé (GIS) ===
NEMA ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ yàrá ìwádìí nípa ilẹ̀ ayé tó wúlò fún ìkìlọ̀ àti ìpéye ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ìjọba. Ilé ìwádìí náà ń kó àwọn ìsọfúnni nípa àyíká jọ, ó ń ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò wọn, ó sì ń ṣètò àwọn ìsọfúnni tó ṣe pàtàkì tó ń ran àwọn ènìyàn lọ́wọ́ láti dáhùn sí àwọn ìṣòro. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ́fíìsì ńlá ti àjọ náà fún ètò ìdínkù ewu tó ń yọjú.

=== Awọn ile iwosan alagbeka ===
Àkókò jẹ́ apá pàtàkì nínú yíyanjú àwọn ìṣòro ìgbìmọ̀ náà. Láti fi hàn pé wọ́n mọrírì èyí, àjọ náà gba ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀, wọ́n sì gba àwọn ọ́fíìsì fún àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ tó wà ní Abuja, Kaduna, Lagos àti Port Harcourt láti fi ránṣẹ́ nígbà tí ìṣòro bá le. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ètò ti wà láti rí i dájú pé àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ náà pọ̀ sí i, àjọ náà tún ti gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọkọ̀ ambulances tó wà ní Abuja àti gbogbo ibi iṣẹ́ mẹ́fà tó wà ní agbègbè náà.

== Àwọn Olùdarí Gbogbogbò ==

* Muhammad Sani-Sidi
* Abbas Idriss &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=OYOYO|first=IGHO|date=2021-09-26|title=Trademore Disaster: A Cue To Avert Future Flooding Within The FCT|url=https://leadership.ng/trademore-disaster-a-cue-to-avert-future-flooding-within-the-fct/|access-date=2021-10-02|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Zubaida Umar (lati Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 15, Ọdun 2024) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-03-15|title=Tinubu appoints Zubaida Umar NEMA DG - Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/tinubu-appoints-zubaida-umar-nema-dg/|access-date=2024-11-12|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>qic0djyxnnm78nf6kpbicuqzwviehui</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi Kenya-Tanzania ti ọdun 2024</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80365</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622150</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T18:23:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342859200|2024 Kenya–Tanzania floods]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622150</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8078" sha1="hg28noims1fb1gdjxmtieiwc5mem8aj" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;{{Infobox event|date=April – May 2024|Location=[[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]]|type=Floods|reported deaths=522+|reported injuries=438+|missing=159+|displaced=503,661}}Láti ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kẹrin sí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2024, ìkún omi kọlu Kenya, ó sì kan àwọn ènìyàn ní mẹ́tàlélọ́gbọ̀n nínú àwọn agbègbè mẹ́tàdínlọ́gọ́ta náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods death toll rises to 219 as government warns of more deluge|url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/floods-death-toll-rises-to-219-as-government-warns-of-more-deluge/|publisher=[[NTV (Kenyan TV channel)|NTV]]|date=4 May 2024|access-date=4 May 2024|author=Nyaboga Kiage}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí ó tún fa ìparun ní àríwá Tanzania.

Ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ohun tó ń fa òjò líle ní Ìlà Oòrùn Áfíríkà ni Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Nígbà tí òjò bá rọ̀ dáadáa, omi tó wà ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Òkun Íńdíà máa ń gbóná ju bó ṣe yẹ lọ, èyí tó lè mú òjò tó rọ̀ jù láìka El Niño sí. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, nígbà tí òjò tó rọ̀ dáadáa àti El Niño bá ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àkókò kan náà, òjò tó rọ̀ ní Ìlà Oòrùn Áfíríkà lè di òjò tó le gan-an ní Ìlà Oòrùn Áfíríkà. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-04-24|title=Kenya: Floods cause widespread devastation in Nairobi|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68888110|access-date=2024-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ipa ==
[[Fáìlì:ECDM_20240507_Eastern_Africa.pdf|thumb|Àwọn agbègbè tí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi ti oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2024 ní ìlà-oòrùn Áfíríkà ti kàn, Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Ìdáhùn Pajawiri ti EU (ERCC)]]

=== Kẹ́ńyà ===
[[Fáìlì:Sea_Marshland.jpg|thumb|Igi kan tó wó lulẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìkún omi ní Kenya]]
Olú ìlú Nairobi àti àwọn agbègbè tó yí i ká ló ní ipa pàtàkì. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-04-24|title=Kenya: Floods cause widespread devastation in Nairobi|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68888110|access-date=2024-04-24}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68888110 &quot;Kenya: Floods cause widespread devastation in Nairobi&quot;]. ''BBC News''. 24 April 2024&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;24 April&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Odò Nairobi àti Odò Athi náà ya bèbè odò wọn, èyí sì mú kí ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́rin (40,000) ènìyàn sá kúrò níbẹ̀. Ó kéré tán, àwọn ènìyàn ọ́ọ̀dúnrún ló kú, àwọn tó farapa je méjídínláàdọ́wàá, àwọn márùndínlọ́gọ́rin tó sọnù àti àwọn tó lé ní 300,000 tó ti sá kúrò nílé ni wọ́n ròyìn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods update: ‘300 persons have lost their lives due to floods, 300,000 others displaced’ – Govt|url=https://www.k24tv.co.ke/news/300-people-dead-due-to-floods-139715/|date=19 May 2024|access-date=19 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods update: Fatalities hit 291 with 75 persons still missing|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2024-05-16-floods-update-fatalities-hit-291-with-75-persons-still-missing/|date=16 May 2024|access-date=16 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods death toll hits 277 as 75 people remain missing|url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/national/41333/floods-death-toll-hits-277-as-75-people-remain-missing|date=13 May 2024|access-date=13 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods calamity: ODM creates response team|url=https://www.pd.co.ke/news/odm-floods-disaster-response-committee-233372/|date=9 May 2024|access-date=9 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kenya floods death toll rises to 228 as heavy rains, flooding persist|url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20240505-kenya-floods-death-toll-rises-to-288-as-heavy-rains-flooding-persist|publisher=[[France 24]]|date=5 May 2024|access-date=5 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods death toll rises to 219 as government warns of more deluge|url=https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/floods-death-toll-rises-to-219-as-government-warns-of-more-deluge/|publisher=[[NTV (Kenyan TV channel)|NTV]]|date=4 May 2024|access-date=4 May 2024|author=Nyaboga Kiage}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFNyaboga_Kiage2024&quot;&gt;Nyaboga Kiage (4 May 2024). [https://ntvkenya.co.ke/news/floods-death-toll-rises-to-219-as-government-warns-of-more-deluge/ &quot;Floods death toll rises to 219 as government warns of more deluge&quot;]. [[NTV (Kenyan TV channel)|NTV]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;4 May&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;   Ọ́fíìsì Àjọ Àgbáyé fún Ìrànlọ́wọ́ Àwùjọ tún ròyìn pé ó kéré tán 960 ẹran ọ̀sìn àti 24,000 ekà ilẹ̀ oko ni omi kún bo ilẹ̀ náà.

Ní òwúrọ̀ ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹrin, ọ̀nà ojú irin kan bàjẹ́ nítòsí Mai Mahiu, pẹ̀lú ìkún omi tó yọrí sí ikú àwọn ènìyàn mọ́kànlélọ́gọ́ta mìíràn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Flood-hit Kenya Pays Tribute To Victims Of Dam Burst|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/flood-hit-kenya-pays-tribute-to-victims-of-dam-burst-b4b99e7d|publisher=[[Barron's]]|date=9 May 2024|access-date=9 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́rìnlélọ́gọ́rin mìíràn tí wọ́n sọnù.

Wọ́n tún kọ̀ láti tún ṣí àwọn ilé ìwé ní Kenya fún ìgbà kejì títí di ìgbà tí wọ́n bá tún sọ. 

=== Tanzania ===
[[Fáìlì:2024_Tanzania_Flood.jpg|thumb|
{{Center|[[Rufiji River]] and Satellite imagery of flooding along its deltaic shores&lt;br&gt;
29 April 2024&lt;small&gt;（top）&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;
5 May 2023&lt;small&gt;（bottom）&lt;/small&gt;}}]]
Ìkún omi ní àríwá Tanzania pa ènìyàn mọ́kànlélọ́gọ́jọ, ó ṣe àwọn òjìlénígba lé mewaa míì léṣe, ó ba ilé tó lé ní 10,000 jẹ́, ó sì kan 210,000 ènìyàn nínú ilé 51,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Almost 1 Million People in Kenya, Burundi, Tanzania, and Somalia Affected as Unprecedented Heavy Rains Continue to Wreak Havoc in Eastern Africa|url=https://www.unicef.org/esa/press-releases/almost-1-million-people-kenya-burundi-tanzania-and-somalia-affected-unprecedented|publisher=[[UNICEF]]|date=29 April 2024|access-date=9 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=155 people die in Tanzania as heavy El-nino rains wreak havoc|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/africa/155-people-die-in-Tanzania-as-heavy-El-nino-rains-wreak-havoc-1927991|date=29 April 2024|access-date=9 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àbájáde ==

=== Kẹ́ńyà ===
Wọ́n ní kí àwọn olùgbé ibẹ̀ lọ sí ibi gíga fún ààbò ara wọn. Àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń gbé ní àwọn agbègbè eléwu ní gbogbo orílẹ̀-èdè náà ni a ó kó lọ sí ilẹ̀ tí Iṣẹ́ Àjọṣepọ̀ awọn Ọ̀dọ́ ti Orílẹ̀-èdè ti pèsè. Wọ́n kó àwọn ọmọ ogun àti ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè jọ láti bá àwọn agbègbè ṣiṣẹ́ láti ṣètìlẹ́yìn fún àwọn tí wọ́n wà nínú ìpọ́njú. Agbègbè Kiambu kéde àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ láti dín ipò náà kù, títí kan àwọn àyẹ̀wò ilé. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2024-04-30|title=Kenya floods: What a deluge reveals about Nairobi's vulnerability|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68898731|access-date=2024-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ oṣù karùn-ún, ìjọba Kenya pàṣẹ fún àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń gbé nítòsí àwọn ìdè omi àti ibi ìtọ́jú omi 178 láti kúrò níbẹ̀. Ilé iṣẹ́ náà gbé àwọn ibi ìtọ́jú fún ìgbà díẹ̀ kalẹ̀, oúnjẹ àti àwọn ohun pàtàkì fún àwọn tí wọ́n ti sá kúrò níbẹ̀.  Ààrẹ William Ruto kéde ọjọ́ ìsinmi gbogbogbò ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù karùn-ún láti ṣọ̀fọ̀ àwọn tí ìkún omi náà pa. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>hg28noims1fb1gdjxmtieiwc5mem8aj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi ní Ghana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80366</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622152</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T18:49:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347031618|Floods in Ghana]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622152</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5589" sha1="nggo35zln56ovwbb84czksy86br9t0v" xml:space="preserve">
'''Ìkún omi ní Ghana''' tọ́ka sí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi tó ti fa ìbàjẹ́ ohun ìní àti pípadánù ẹ̀mí. Ìkún omi jẹ́ nítorí òjò tó pọ̀ jù àti ìdàrúdàpọ̀ omi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Meteorological Analysis of Floods in Ghana|url=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikun omi jẹ ajalu adayeba ti nwaye loorekoore ti o ti di ipenija asọye fun ayika, ọrọ-aje, ati ọrọ iṣelu orilẹ-ede naa. Oju-ọjọ otutu ti Ghana ni igbagbogbo ni awọn akoko akọkọ meji: akoko gbigbẹ ati akoko ojo. Àkókò òjò ńlá àti ìgbà òjò kékeré wà. Ni gusu Ghana, akoko ojo pataki waye lati Oṣu Kẹrin si aarin Oṣu Keje, lakoko ti akoko ojo kekere maa n waye lati Oṣu Kẹsan si Oṣu kọkanla.  Àkókò ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn sábà máa ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti oṣù Kejìlá sí oṣù Kẹta bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìlànà wọ̀nyí yàtọ̀ díẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí nítorí ìyípadà ojúọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2013-09-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àyíká ilẹ̀ Ghana, tí a mọ̀ sí àsìkò òjò tó yàtọ̀ síra, ń mú kí òjò líle koko àti ìkún omi máa rọ̀ ní etíkun àti ní àárín ilẹ̀. Àsìkò òjò tó lágbára àti ìyípadà ojúọjọ́ ti mú kí ìkún omi máa pọ̀ sí i àti bí ìkún omi ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè náà. 

Ipa ikun omi jẹ́ ìyípadà tó díjú. Ní àwọn ìlú ńlá bíi Accra, ìkún omi onígbà pípẹ́ máa ń ba ètò ìrìnnà jẹ́, ó máa ń lé àwọn agbègbè kúrò, ó máa ń pa ẹ̀mí, ó sì máa ń ba àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ jẹ́, àwọn ètò ìpalára pajawiri bíi National Disaster Management Organisation (NADMO).   Àwọn agbègbè ìgbèríko àti ìlú ńlá ni ó ní ipa kan náà nígbà ìkún omi nítorí pé àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí máa ń fa àdánù ohun èlò àti ènìyàn lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún máa ń fa ẹrù ọrọ̀ ajé fún ìgbà pípẹ́ nípa yíyí àwọn ohun ìní gbogbogbòò padà sí ìgbàpadà. Iye owó ìpalára ìkún omi tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ léraléra ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè orílẹ̀-èdè, ó sì máa ń ba àwọn ìsapá láti yanjú àwọn ìpèníjà àwùjọ àti ọrọ̀ ajé mìíràn jẹ́.  Ní ti ìṣèlú, ìkún omi ti yọjú gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀ràn tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìjọba, ṣíṣe ìlànà, ètò ìlú, jíjíhìn fún gbogbo ènìyàn, àti dé àyè kan, ìwà ìbàjẹ́. Ìkún omi àti ti òde òní ti fi àwọn àlàfo pàtàkì hàn nínú ètò ìlú àti àwọn ọgbọ́n ìṣàkóso àjálù àti nípa lórí ìṣèlú ìdìbò.


Láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn ni Ghana ti ní ìrírí ìkún omi ní àwọn agbègbè ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀, pàápàá jùlọ nítorí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nǹkan bíi:

* Òjò líle tó ń rọ̀ nígbà gbogbo
* Àwọn ihò omi tí a ti rì sínú omi
* Àwọn ìforúkọsílẹ̀ tí kò tọ́
* Àwọn ilẹ̀ tí ó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ àti títẹ́jú
* Àwọn ọ̀ràn tó ṣọ̀wọ́n ti ìtújáde omi&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ní ọjọ́ kẹta Okudu kẹfà, ọdún 2015, ní Accra, òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ní olú ìlú Ghana fa ìkún omi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2015-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ohun tó fà á ni àwọn ihò omi tí wọ́n ti dì mọ́ àwọn ọ̀nà omi àti àwọn ibùgbé tí kò tọ́.Àwọn ohun pàtàkì tó ń fa ìṣòro náà ni àwọn ihò omi tó ti rì sínú omi tó dí àwọn ọ̀nà ìṣàn omi àti àwọn ibi tí kò yẹ kí wọ́n gbé.  Ó lé ní 200 ènìyàn tí wọ́n pàdánù ẹ̀mí wọn nítorí ìbúgbàù ilé epo nígbà ìkún omi.   Ní ọdún 2021, òjò líle fa ìkún omi ní Kumasi Metropolis, èyí tó yọrí sí pípadánù ẹ̀mí ènìyàn mẹ́rin àti yíyọ àwọn ènìyàn igba kúrò nílé. Òjò líle ló fà ìkún omi yìí. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Ní agbègbè Volta àti agbègbè ìlà-oòrùn Ghana, ìkún omi líle ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tú ìdajì omi Akosombo sílẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n ènìyàn kúrò nílé wọn ní ọdún 2023.

Àwọn ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ BBC sọ pé òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ló fà á tí Volta River Authority fi da ìkún omi náà sílẹ̀. Àkójọ àwọn ìkún omi nìyí ní ìsàlẹ̀ yìí.

== Àkójọ àwọn ìkún omi ==

* Ìkún omi ìdàsílẹ̀ ìdí omi Akosombo ti ọdún 2023
* Ìkún omi Accra ti ọdún 2022
* Ìkún omi Sahel ti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2020
* Ìkún omi Accra ti ọdún 2016
* Ìkún omi ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2009
* Ìkún omi ìyípo Accra ti ọdún 2023 
* Ìkún omi Agona Swedru ti ọdun 2010&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Graphic online|date=5 June 2015|title=flood disaster profile of Ghana since 1968|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/flood-disaster-profile-of-ghana.html|location=Accra, Ghana|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ìkún omi Atiwa ti ọdun 2011&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=peace fm online|date=20 July 2011|title=Atiwa flooded|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201107/57700.php|work=Peace fm|archive-date=12 July 2024|access-date=12 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712135704/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201107/57700.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>nggo35zln56ovwbb84czksy86br9t0v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622153</id>
      <parentid>622152</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T18:50:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quinlan83</username>
        <id>22370</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fix</comment>
      <origin>622153</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5588" sha1="6zbm7vxeks3f0ycayixkrvceebrcq74" xml:space="preserve">'''Ìkún omi ní Ghana''' tọ́ka sí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi tó ti fa ìbàjẹ́ ohun ìní àti pípadánù ẹ̀mí. Ìkún omi jẹ́ nítorí òjò tó pọ̀ jù àti ìdàrúdàpọ̀ omi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Meteorological Analysis of Floods in Ghana|url=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikun omi jẹ ajalu adayeba ti nwaye loorekoore ti o ti di ipenija asọye fun ayika, ọrọ-aje, ati ọrọ iṣelu orilẹ-ede naa. Oju-ọjọ otutu ti Ghana ni igbagbogbo ni awọn akoko akọkọ meji: akoko gbigbẹ ati akoko ojo. Àkókò òjò ńlá àti ìgbà òjò kékeré wà. Ni gusu Ghana, akoko ojo pataki waye lati Oṣu Kẹrin si aarin Oṣu Keje, lakoko ti akoko ojo kekere maa n waye lati Oṣu Kẹsan si Oṣu kọkanla.  Àkókò ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn sábà máa ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti oṣù Kejìlá sí oṣù Kẹta bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ìlànà wọ̀nyí yàtọ̀ díẹ̀ ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí nítorí ìyípadà ojúọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2013-09-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àyíká ilẹ̀ Ghana, tí a mọ̀ sí àsìkò òjò tó yàtọ̀ síra, ń mú kí òjò líle koko àti ìkún omi máa rọ̀ ní etíkun àti ní àárín ilẹ̀. Àsìkò òjò tó lágbára àti ìyípadà ojúọjọ́ ti mú kí ìkún omi máa pọ̀ sí i àti bí ìkún omi ṣe máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè náà. 

Ipa ikun omi jẹ́ ìyípadà tó díjú. Ní àwọn ìlú ńlá bíi Accra, ìkún omi onígbà pípẹ́ máa ń ba ètò ìrìnnà jẹ́, ó máa ń lé àwọn agbègbè kúrò, ó máa ń pa ẹ̀mí, ó sì máa ń ba àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ jẹ́, àwọn ètò ìpalára pajawiri bíi National Disaster Management Organisation (NADMO).   Àwọn agbègbè ìgbèríko àti ìlú ńlá ni ó ní ipa kan náà nígbà ìkún omi nítorí pé àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí máa ń fa àdánù ohun èlò àti ènìyàn lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún máa ń fa ẹrù ọrọ̀ ajé fún ìgbà pípẹ́ nípa yíyí àwọn ohun ìní gbogbogbòò padà sí ìgbàpadà. Iye owó ìpalára ìkún omi tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ léraléra ní ipa lórí ìdàgbàsókè orílẹ̀-èdè, ó sì máa ń ba àwọn ìsapá láti yanjú àwọn ìpèníjà àwùjọ àti ọrọ̀ ajé mìíràn jẹ́.  Ní ti ìṣèlú, ìkún omi ti yọjú gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀ràn tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìjọba, ṣíṣe ìlànà, ètò ìlú, jíjíhìn fún gbogbo ènìyàn, àti dé àyè kan, ìwà ìbàjẹ́. Ìkún omi àti ti òde òní ti fi àwọn àlàfo pàtàkì hàn nínú ètò ìlú àti àwọn ọgbọ́n ìṣàkóso àjálù àti nípa lórí ìṣèlú ìdìbò.


Láti ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún sẹ́yìn ni Ghana ti ní ìrírí ìkún omi ní àwọn agbègbè ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀, pàápàá jùlọ nítorí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ nǹkan bíi:

* Òjò líle tó ń rọ̀ nígbà gbogbo
* Àwọn ihò omi tí a ti rì sínú omi
* Àwọn ìforúkọsílẹ̀ tí kò tọ́
* Àwọn ilẹ̀ tí ó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ àti títẹ́jú
* Àwọn ọ̀ràn tó ṣọ̀wọ́n ti ìtújáde omi&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ní ọjọ́ kẹta Okudu kẹfà, ọdún 2015, ní Accra, òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ní olú ìlú Ghana fa ìkún omi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2015-06-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ohun tó fà á ni àwọn ihò omi tí wọ́n ti dì mọ́ àwọn ọ̀nà omi àti àwọn ibùgbé tí kò tọ́.Àwọn ohun pàtàkì tó ń fa ìṣòro náà ni àwọn ihò omi tó ti rì sínú omi tó dí àwọn ọ̀nà ìṣàn omi àti àwọn ibi tí kò yẹ kí wọ́n gbé.  Ó lé ní 200 ènìyàn tí wọ́n pàdánù ẹ̀mí wọn nítorí ìbúgbàù ilé epo nígbà ìkún omi.   Ní ọdún 2021, òjò líle fa ìkún omi ní Kumasi Metropolis, èyí tó yọrí sí pípadánù ẹ̀mí ènìyàn mẹ́rin àti yíyọ àwọn ènìyàn igba kúrò nílé. Òjò líle ló fà ìkún omi yìí. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Ní agbègbè Volta àti agbègbè ìlà-oòrùn Ghana, ìkún omi líle ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tú ìdajì omi Akosombo sílẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́rìndínlọ́gbọ̀n ènìyàn kúrò nílé wọn ní ọdún 2023.

Àwọn ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ BBC sọ pé òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ló fà á tí Volta River Authority fi da ìkún omi náà sílẹ̀. Àkójọ àwọn ìkún omi nìyí ní ìsàlẹ̀ yìí.

== Àkójọ àwọn ìkún omi ==

* Ìkún omi ìdàsílẹ̀ ìdí omi Akosombo ti ọdún 2023
* Ìkún omi Accra ti ọdún 2022
* Ìkún omi Sahel ti ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2020
* Ìkún omi Accra ti ọdún 2016
* Ìkún omi ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2009
* Ìkún omi ìyípo Accra ti ọdún 2023 
* Ìkún omi Agona Swedru ti ọdun 2010&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Graphic online|date=5 June 2015|title=flood disaster profile of Ghana since 1968|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/flood-disaster-profile-of-ghana.html|location=Accra, Ghana|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ìkún omi Atiwa ti ọdun 2011&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=peace fm online|date=20 July 2011|title=Atiwa flooded|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201107/57700.php|work=Peace fm|archive-date=12 July 2024|access-date=12 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712135704/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/social/201107/57700.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>6zbm7vxeks3f0ycayixkrvceebrcq74</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi ní Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2009</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80367</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622154</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:11:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355298956|2009 West Africa floods]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622154</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11872" sha1="9rql8y72iqr8u30mfozkpn9o85v08r1" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Infobox weather event/styles.css&quot; /&gt; {{infobox weather event|image=|caption=|name=2009 West Africa floods|duration=June–September 2009}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects|fatalities=At least 193 deaths&lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot; /&gt;|affected=[[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], [[Mali]], [[Mauritania]], [[Niger]], [[Senegal]], [[Sierra Leone]]|damages=At least $152 million}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Side box/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Sister project/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Flooding_in_Ghana_13.jpg|thumb|Apá kan ní Accra ni omi ti bò nígbà òjò.]]
'''Ìkún omi ti o waye ni Iwọ-oorun Afirika ni ọdun 2009'''jẹ́ àjálù àdánidá tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2009 gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde òjò àsìkò tí ó rọ̀ gan-an ní àwọn agbègbè ńlá ní ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ odò, títí bí odò Pendjari, Niger, Volta àti Senegal, ló fọ́ bèbè wọn, èyí sì fa ìparun ilé, afárá, ọ̀nà àti àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;reliefweb_1&quot; /&gt; A royin pe ikun omi naa ti kan awọn eniyan 940,000 &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot; /&gt; ni awọn orilẹ-ede 12, pẹlu [[Burkina Faso]], [[Benin]], [[Gánà|Ghana]],  [[Niger (country)|Niger]],  [[Senegal]],   [[Guinea]], o si fa iku o kere ju eniyan 193 lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;reliefweb_2&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=5 September 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni Burkina Faso, ọkan ninu awọn orilẹ-ede ti o ni ikolu julọ, awọn eniyan 150,000 sá kuro ni ile wọn, julọ ni olu-ilu [[Ouagadougou]] nibiti ojo ojo ni ọjọ kan jẹ dogba si 25% ti ojo ojo deede fun gbogbo orilẹ-ede naa.  &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC_1&quot; /&gt; 

== Òjò àsìkò ==
Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà àti gúúsù Sahel ló máa ń rí òjò tó pọ̀ jùlọ ní gbogbo ìgbà tí wọ́n bá ń rọ̀ ní àsìkò ooru láti Okudu kẹfà sí oṣù kẹsàn-án.  Àsìkò òjò yìí, tí a tún mọ̀ sí òjò ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà, ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà àsìkò ti afẹ́fẹ́ tó ń fẹ́ ní afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀, níbi tí afẹ́fẹ́ tútù ti ń fẹ́ wọlé láti Òkun Àtìláńtíìkì tí a sì ń tú jáde káàkiri ilẹ̀ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;AMMA_1&quot; /&gt;

Òjò líle koko tí ó rọ̀ ní Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà ní àsìkò òjò 2009 ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná omi Òkun Pàsífíìkì nígbàkúgbà, ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan tí a mọ̀ sí El Niño, tí ó ní ipa lórí ojú ọjọ́ kárí ayé. &lt;ref name=&quot;ACMAD_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=[[African Center of Meteorological Applications for Development]] (ACMAD)|title=Outlook|publisher=ACMAD|date=August 2009|url=http://www.acmad.ne/en/climat/bull_aug09_en.pdf|accessdate=15 October 2009|archive-date=22 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn ipalara ati awọn olufaragba ==

=== Bẹ́nínì ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 220,000 &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ló ní ipa lórí rẹ̀, pàápàá jùlọ ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun, àti pé ènìyàn méje ló ti kú. 

=== Bùríkínánì Fásò ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 150,000 tí wọ́n ti sá kúrò nílé àti mejo ló kú lẹ́yìn òjò tó rọ̀ jù ní Ouagadougou, olú ìlú orílẹ̀-èdè náà láàárín àádọ̀rún ọdún. Àwọn ènìyàn tó tó 110,000 ló sá kúrò nílé lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti ya ìdè omi Loumbila tó wà ní àárín gbùngbùn Ouagadougou. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ní gúúsù orílẹ̀-èdè náà, Bagre Dam ní láti ṣí ẹnu ọ̀nà rẹ̀ bí omi ṣe dé ibi ààbò tó ga jùlọ ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹsàn-án. Ìbísí nínú ìṣàn omi ń halẹ̀ mọ́ àwọn agbègbè ńlá ní etí odò Volta ní gúúsù Burkina Faso àti àríwá Ghana. 

=== Gambia ===
Ní Gambia, àwọn ènìyàn 15,617 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gánà ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 139,790 ló ti ní ipa lórí, ó sì kéré tán mẹ́rìnlélógún ló kú. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;  Ìkún omi ti kan 139,709

=== Guinea ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 40,000 ló ti ní ìṣòro yìí ní olú ìlú Conakry àti àwọn ìlú Kindia àti Siguiri . &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Etíkun Ivory ===
Òjò líle, tó fa ìṣàn ẹrẹ̀ àti ìkún omi, pa ó kéré tán ènìyàn 19 ní Abidjan, ó sì kan nǹkan bí ènìyàn 2000. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Liberia ===
Ní Liberia, àwọn ènìyàn 584 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi, èyí sì mú kí ènìyàn méjì kú. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mali ===
Ní Mali, àwọn ènìyàn 18,902 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mauritania ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 3,000 ni wọ́n fi sílẹ̀ láìnílé nítorí ìkún omi ní ìlú Rosso, tó wà ní etí odò Senegal .  Àròpọ̀ ènìyàn tó tó 9000 ló ní ipa lórí orílẹ̀-èdè náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nijer ===
Ìkún omi, lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ mẹ́rin tí òjò líle koko rọ̀ ní àwọn òkè Aïr ní àríwá Niger, nípa lórí ilé 3,500 ní Agadez àti àwọn agbègbè tí ó yí i ká, ó sì fa ikú ènìyàn méjì, ó sì pa àwọn ẹran ọ̀sìn àti àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn.   Iye awọn eniyan ti o ni ikolu naa ti pọ si 79,129 ati awọn ti o ku mẹta. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sẹ́nélà ===
Ilé tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgbọ̀n (30,000) ni ìkún omi ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní olú ìlú Dakar àti àwọn apá ibòmíràn ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà, pẹ̀lú ìṣírò iye àwọn tó ní àrùn náà tó ẹgbẹ̀rún méjìlélọ́gbọ̀n (264,000) àti ikú mẹ́fà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Sierra Leone ===
Ìkún omi tí òjò líle kan rọ̀ ní oṣù kẹjọ, ó pa ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, ó sì lé márùn-ún ó lé márùn-ún ní Freetown. Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn oko ló gbá lọ ní abúlé mẹ́fà ní agbègbè Kambia.  Àròpọ̀ iye àwọn ènìyàn tó ní àrùn náà ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà jẹ́ 1,455 pẹ̀lú àwọn tó kú mẹ́tàlélọ́gọ́rùn ún (103). &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Ìkún omi ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2007
* Ìyàn ilẹ̀ Sahel ti ọdún 2010
* Ìkún omi ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2010

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist|2}}{{Floods in Africa}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>9rql8y72iqr8u30mfozkpn9o85v08r1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622155</id>
      <parentid>622154</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:12:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quinlan83</username>
        <id>22370</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fix</comment>
      <origin>622155</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11871" sha1="c2a5wnjwl7ycqu2o9lj0r9fwrr1rb09" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Infobox weather event/styles.css&quot; /&gt; {{infobox weather event|image=|caption=|name=2009 West Africa floods|duration=June–September 2009}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects|fatalities=At least 193 deaths&lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot; /&gt;|affected=[[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], [[Mali]], [[Mauritania]], [[Niger]], [[Senegal]], [[Sierra Leone]]|damages=At least $152 million}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer}}&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Side box/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Sister project/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Flooding_in_Ghana_13.jpg|thumb|Apá kan ní Accra ni omi ti bò nígbà òjò.]]
'''Ìkún omi ti o waye ni Iwọ-oorun Afirika ni ọdun 2009'''jẹ́ àjálù àdánidá tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2009 gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde òjò àsìkò tí ó rọ̀ gan-an ní àwọn agbègbè ńlá ní ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ odò, títí bí odò Pendjari, Niger, Volta àti Senegal, ló fọ́ bèbè wọn, èyí sì fa ìparun ilé, afárá, ọ̀nà àti àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;reliefweb_1&quot; /&gt; A royin pe ikun omi naa ti kan awọn eniyan 940,000 &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot; /&gt; ni awọn orilẹ-ede 12, pẹlu [[Burkina Faso]], [[Benin]], [[Gánà|Ghana]],  [[Niger (country)|Niger]],  [[Senegal]],   [[Guinea]], o si fa iku o kere ju eniyan 193 lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;reliefweb_2&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=5 September 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni Burkina Faso, ọkan ninu awọn orilẹ-ede ti o ni ikolu julọ, awọn eniyan 150,000 sá kuro ni ile wọn, julọ ni olu-ilu [[Ouagadougou]] nibiti ojo ojo ni ọjọ kan jẹ dogba si 25% ti ojo ojo deede fun gbogbo orilẹ-ede naa.  &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC_1&quot; /&gt; 

== Òjò àsìkò ==
Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè ní ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà àti gúúsù Sahel ló máa ń rí òjò tó pọ̀ jùlọ ní gbogbo ìgbà tí wọ́n bá ń rọ̀ ní àsìkò ooru láti Okudu kẹfà sí oṣù kẹsàn-án.  Àsìkò òjò yìí, tí a tún mọ̀ sí òjò ìwọ̀ oòrùn Áfíríkà, ní ìsopọ̀ pẹ̀lú ìyípadà àsìkò ti afẹ́fẹ́ tó ń fẹ́ ní afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀, níbi tí afẹ́fẹ́ tútù ti ń fẹ́ wọlé láti Òkun Àtìláńtíìkì tí a sì ń tú jáde káàkiri ilẹ̀ náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;AMMA_1&quot; /&gt;

Òjò líle koko tí ó rọ̀ ní Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà ní àsìkò òjò 2009 ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìgbóná omi Òkun Pàsífíìkì nígbàkúgbà, ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan tí a mọ̀ sí El Niño, tí ó ní ipa lórí ojú ọjọ́ kárí ayé. &lt;ref name=&quot;ACMAD_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author=[[African Center of Meteorological Applications for Development]] (ACMAD)|title=Outlook|publisher=ACMAD|date=August 2009|url=http://www.acmad.ne/en/climat/bull_aug09_en.pdf|accessdate=15 October 2009|archive-date=22 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn ipalara ati awọn olufaragba ==

=== Bẹ́nínì ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 220,000 &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ló ní ipa lórí rẹ̀, pàápàá jùlọ ní àwọn agbègbè etíkun, àti pé ènìyàn méje ló ti kú. 

=== Bùríkínánì Fásò ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 150,000 tí wọ́n ti sá kúrò nílé àti mejo ló kú lẹ́yìn òjò tó rọ̀ jù ní Ouagadougou, olú ìlú orílẹ̀-èdè náà láàárín àádọ̀rún ọdún. Àwọn ènìyàn tó tó 110,000 ló sá kúrò nílé lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti ya ìdè omi Loumbila tó wà ní àárín gbùngbùn Ouagadougou. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ní gúúsù orílẹ̀-èdè náà, Bagre Dam ní láti ṣí ẹnu ọ̀nà rẹ̀ bí omi ṣe dé ibi ààbò tó ga jùlọ ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kẹsàn-án. Ìbísí nínú ìṣàn omi ń halẹ̀ mọ́ àwọn agbègbè ńlá ní etí odò Volta ní gúúsù Burkina Faso àti àríwá Ghana. 

=== Gambia ===
Ní Gambia, àwọn ènìyàn 15,617 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Gánà ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 139,790 ló ti ní ipa lórí, ó sì kéré tán mẹ́rìnlélógún ló kú. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;  Ìkún omi ti kan 139,709

=== Guinea ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 40,000 ló ti ní ìṣòro yìí ní olú ìlú Conakry àti àwọn ìlú Kindia àti Siguiri . &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Etíkun Ivory ===
Òjò líle, tó fa ìṣàn ẹrẹ̀ àti ìkún omi, pa ó kéré tán ènìyàn 19 ní Abidjan, ó sì kan nǹkan bí ènìyàn 2000. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Liberia ===
Ní Liberia, àwọn ènìyàn 584 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi, èyí sì mú kí ènìyàn méjì kú. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mali ===
Ní Mali, àwọn ènìyàn 18,902 ló ní ìṣòro ìkún omi náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mauritania ===
Àwọn ènìyàn 3,000 ni wọ́n fi sílẹ̀ láìnílé nítorí ìkún omi ní ìlú Rosso, tó wà ní etí odò Senegal .  Àròpọ̀ ènìyàn tó tó 9000 ló ní ipa lórí orílẹ̀-èdè náà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nijer ===
Ìkún omi, lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ mẹ́rin tí òjò líle koko rọ̀ ní àwọn òkè Aïr ní àríwá Niger, nípa lórí ilé 3,500 ní Agadez àti àwọn agbègbè tí ó yí i ká, ó sì fa ikú ènìyàn méjì, ó sì pa àwọn ẹran ọ̀sìn àti àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn.   Iye awọn eniyan ti o ni ikolu naa ti pọ si 79,129 ati awọn ti o ku mẹta. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Sẹ́nélà ===
Ilé tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgbọ̀n (30,000) ni ìkún omi ti ṣẹlẹ̀ ní olú ìlú Dakar àti àwọn apá ibòmíràn ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà, pẹ̀lú ìṣírò iye àwọn tó ní àrùn náà tó ẹgbẹ̀rún méjìlélọ́gbọ̀n (264,000) àti ikú mẹ́fà. &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Sierra Leone ===
Ìkún omi tí òjò líle kan rọ̀ ní oṣù kẹjọ, ó pa ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, ó sì lé márùn-ún ó lé márùn-ún ní Freetown. Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn oko ló gbá lọ ní abúlé mẹ́fà ní agbègbè Kambia.  Àròpọ̀ iye àwọn ènìyàn tó ní àrùn náà ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà jẹ́ 1,455 pẹ̀lú àwọn tó kú mẹ́tàlélọ́gọ́rùn ún (103). &lt;ref name=&quot;OCHA_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|dateformat=}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFOCHA2009&quot;&gt;[[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|OCHA]] (28 September 2009). [http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/HHOO-7WEPSW?OpenDocument &quot;West Africa - Flood Affected Population - June to September 2009 (as of 24 Sep 2009)&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 October&lt;/span&gt; 2009&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Ìkún omi ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ti ọdún 2007
* Ìyàn ilẹ̀ Sahel ti ọdún 2010
* Ìkún omi ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2010

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist|2}}{{Floods in Africa}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>c2a5wnjwl7ycqu2o9lj0r9fwrr1rb09</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi Agona Swedru ti ọdun 2010</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80368</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622157</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:23:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1246449197|2010 Agona Swedru flood]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622157</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1624" sha1="1etkqm0uuzb0rquv6a1h6u9puj4iks4" xml:space="preserve">
Ìkún omi Agona Swedru wáyé ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2010 lẹ́yìn òjò líle tó mú kí odò Birim kún, èyí tó sì fa ìparun tó gbòòrò ní Agona agbègbè Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn ní Agbègbè Àárín Gbùngbùn Ghana.

== Ipa ti ikun omi naa ==
Ìkún omi náà kan ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn agbègbè, títí bí Salem àti Sabon Zongo, níbi tí àwọn ilé ti bàjẹ́ tàbí tí wọ́n ti bàjẹ́ gidigidi. Ó lé ní 2,300 ènìyàn tí wọ́n ti kúrò nílé, pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn tí wọ́n ń wá ibi ìsádi sí àwọn ilé gbogbogbòò bí àwọn gbọ̀ngàn ìlú, àwọn ilé ìwé, àti àwọn ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì. Ìkún omi náà tún fa ìwólulẹ̀ afárá ńlá kan, tí ó gé ọ̀nà láti dé àwọn agbègbè tí ó yí i ká. Àwọn iṣẹ́ pajawiri, tí Àjọ Ìṣàkóso Àjálù Orílẹ̀-èdè (NADMO) ń darí, pèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́, ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ìpèníjà ṣì wà nítorí ìparun tí ó gbilẹ̀ ti àwọn ilé, ilé ìwé, àti àwọn ètò ìṣiṣẹ́. Àwọn ewu ìlera bíi àrùn láti inú omi pọ̀ sí i nítorí àìtó ìmọ́tótó, a sì nílò ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìrànlọ́wọ́ lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ láti yanjú àìtó oúnjẹ àti láti pèsè omi mímọ́ àti àwọn ohun èlò ìṣègùn. 

Àjọ Ìṣàkóso Àjálù Orílẹ̀-èdè (NADMO) ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ nípa àwọn ènìyàn tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́ta (3,000) gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn tó farapa nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>1etkqm0uuzb0rquv6a1h6u9puj4iks4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622158</id>
      <parentid>622157</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-12T19:23:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quinlan83</username>
        <id>22370</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fix</comment>
      <origin>622158</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1623" sha1="m6om6w22jm0av072n8m8i6pislo5co9" xml:space="preserve">Ìkún omi Agona Swedru wáyé ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2010 lẹ́yìn òjò líle tó mú kí odò Birim kún, èyí tó sì fa ìparun tó gbòòrò ní Agona agbègbè Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn ní Agbègbè Àárín Gbùngbùn Ghana.

== Ipa ti ikun omi naa ==
Ìkún omi náà kan ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn agbègbè, títí bí Salem àti Sabon Zongo, níbi tí àwọn ilé ti bàjẹ́ tàbí tí wọ́n ti bàjẹ́ gidigidi. Ó lé ní 2,300 ènìyàn tí wọ́n ti kúrò nílé, pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn tí wọ́n ń wá ibi ìsádi sí àwọn ilé gbogbogbòò bí àwọn gbọ̀ngàn ìlú, àwọn ilé ìwé, àti àwọn ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì. Ìkún omi náà tún fa ìwólulẹ̀ afárá ńlá kan, tí ó gé ọ̀nà láti dé àwọn agbègbè tí ó yí i ká. Àwọn iṣẹ́ pajawiri, tí Àjọ Ìṣàkóso Àjálù Orílẹ̀-èdè (NADMO) ń darí, pèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́, ṣùgbọ́n àwọn ìpèníjà ṣì wà nítorí ìparun tí ó gbilẹ̀ ti àwọn ilé, ilé ìwé, àti àwọn ètò ìṣiṣẹ́. Àwọn ewu ìlera bíi àrùn láti inú omi pọ̀ sí i nítorí àìtó ìmọ́tótó, a sì nílò ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìrànlọ́wọ́ lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ láti yanjú àìtó oúnjẹ àti láti pèsè omi mímọ́ àti àwọn ohun èlò ìṣègùn. 

Àjọ Ìṣàkóso Àjálù Orílẹ̀-èdè (NADMO) ṣe àkọsílẹ̀ nípa àwọn ènìyàn tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́ta (3,000) gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn tó farapa nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>m6om6w22jm0av072n8m8i6pislo5co9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80369</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622231</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T06:25:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>34372</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú &quot;{{short description|Movement for addressing environmental issues}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}} [[File:StRolloxChemical 1831.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Levels of air pollution rose during the [[Industrial Revolution]], sparking the first modern [[environmental law]]s to be passed in the mid-19th century.]]  '''Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká''', tí wọ́n tún máa ń pè ní '''ìṣípáàrọ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ ayé alààyè''', jẹ́ social movem...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42444" sha1="fnbss4q5pxb4v39l13gt5232bewo188" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Movement for addressing environmental issues}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
[[File:StRolloxChemical 1831.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Levels of air pollution rose during the [[Industrial Revolution]], sparking the first modern [[environmental law]]s to be passed in the mid-19th century.]]

'''Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká''', tí wọ́n tún máa ń pè ní '''ìṣípáàrọ̀ ẹ̀kọ́ ayé alààyè''', jẹ́ [[social movement]] kan tí ó ní ète láti dáàbò bo ayé àdánidá kúrò lọ́wọ́ àwọn ìṣe tí ń ba ayíká jẹ, kí ìgbésí ayé tó lè dúró ṣinṣin ([[sustainable living]]) lè wà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=McCormick |first=John |title=Reclaiming Paradise: The Global Environmental Movement |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xC16yGp9-HUC&amp;pg=PA1 |date=1991 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-20660-2 |language=en |access-date=8 April 2023 |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408120118/https://books.google.com/books?id=xC16yGp9-HUC&amp;pg=PA1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Nípa mímọ̀ pé ẹ̀dá ènìyàn jẹ́ apá kan nínú [[ecosystem]] (kì í ṣe ọ̀tá rẹ̀), ìṣípáàrọ̀ náà dá lórí [[ecology]], [[health]], àti [[human rights]].

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká jẹ́ ìṣípáàrọ̀ àgbáyé tí ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àjọ tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ fún àbò ayíká ń ṣojú fún, láti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ títí dé àwọn ẹgbẹ́ [[grassroots]], ó sì yàtọ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè kan sí òmíràn. Nítorí iye ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tó pọ̀, oríṣìíríṣìí ìgbàgbọ́ àti èrò tó lágbára tí wọ́n ní, àti irú àfojúsùn tí ó máa ń jẹ́ àròjinlẹ̀ nígbà míì, ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká kì í ṣe ní ìṣọ̀kan pátápátá nípa gbogbo àwọn góńgó rẹ̀. Ní ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀ tó gbooro jù lọ, ìṣípáàrọ̀ náà ní àwọn aráàlú aládàáni, àwọn amòye, àwọn ọmọ ẹ̀sìn ([[Religion and environmentalism|ẹ̀sìn àti àbò ayíká]]), àwọn olóṣèlú, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì, àwọn [[nonprofit organization]], àti àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn olókìkí bí [[Gaylord Nelson]], Sénétọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ rí ti Wisconsin, àti [[Rachel Carson]] ní ọ̀rúndún ogún.

Láti ọdún 1970 síwájú, ìmòye gbogbo ènìyàn nípa ayíká, [[environmental science]]s, [[ecology]], àti ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ ti gbòòrò sí i láti fi mọ́ àwọn ọ̀ràn tuntun bí ìparun [[ozone]], [[global warming|ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ]], [[acid rain]], [[mutation breeding]], [[genetically modified crops]], àti [[genetically modified livestock]]. [[Climate movement|Ìṣípáàrọ̀ ojú-ọjọ]] ni a lè kà sí ẹ̀ka kékeré kan nínú ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká.

== Àgbègbè iṣẹ́ ==

[[File:Air pollution by industrial chimneys.jpg|thumb|Ṣáájú kí wọ́n tó fi [[flue-gas desulfurization]] sílẹ̀, àwọn ìtújáde [[air pollution|tó ń ba afẹ́fẹ́ jẹ]] láti ilé amúnáwá yìí ní [[New Mexico]] ní iye [[sulfur dioxide]] tó pọ̀ ju bó ṣe yẹ lọ.]]

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká ní ọ̀pọ̀ ẹ̀ka àti àwùjọ kéékèèké inú rẹ̀, tí wọ́n ti dàgbà pẹ̀lú ọ̀nà ìmúlò àti ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n oríṣìíríṣìí ní àwọn apá ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ ti ayé. Ní pàtàkì, ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká àkọ́kọ́ ní ìjàmbá èrò tó jinlẹ̀ láàárín ìmọ̀ ọgbọ́n [[Conservation movement|ìtọju àwọn ohun àdánidá]] àti ìmúlò gbooro jù lọ ti [[environmental protection]].&lt;ref name=&quot;l&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Tesch|first1=Danielle|last2=Kempton|first2=Willett|date=2004-01-01|title=Who is an Environmentalist? The Polysemy of Environmentalist Terms and Correlated Environmental Actions|url=https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol8/iss1/4|journal=Journal of Ecological Anthropology|volume=8|issue=1|pages=67–83|doi=10.5038/2162-4593.8.1.4|issn=1528-6509|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní àwọn ọdún àìpẹ́ yìí, bí [[environmental justice]], ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn ọmọ ìbílẹ̀, àti àwọn ìṣòro ayíká pàtàkì bí [[Climate crisis|ìpẹ̀yà ojú-ọjọ]] ṣe ń gba àkíyèsí púpọ̀ sí i, ó ti yọrí sí ìdàgbàsókè àwọn ìdánimọ̀ tuntun láàárín àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn àbò ayíká.

===Àwọn ibi àfojúsùn===
{{Further|Environmentalism|List of environmental issues|Human impact on the environment}}

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká ní àgbègbè iṣẹ́ tó gbooro gan-an, ó sì lè kó gbogbo àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ayíká, ìtọju ohun àdánidá, àti ẹ̀kọ́ nípa àwọn ohun alààyè sínú rẹ̀, pẹ̀lú àbò àwọn ilẹ̀ àdánidá, ewéko, àti ẹranko fún oríṣìíríṣìí ète àti ìlò. Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ni wọ̀nyí:

* [[Nature conservation|Ìtọju ayíká]] jẹ́ ìlànà tí ènìyàn fi ń dáàbò bo àwọn ohun àdánidá inú ayíká. Yálà nípasẹ̀ [[reforestation]], [[recycling]], tàbí ìṣàkóso ìdòtí ayíká, ìtọju ayíká ń ṣèrànwọ́ láti pa ìdára ìgbésí ayé àdánidá mọ́.

* [[Environmental health]] movement ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti ìgbà [[Progressive Era]], ó sì dojú kọ àwọn ìlànà ìlera ìlú bí omi mímu tó mọ́, ìṣètò ìdọ̀tí tó péye, àti ìdàgbàsókè olùgbé tó ní ìdúróṣinṣin. Ìlera ayíká tún lè ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú [[nutrition]], [[preventive medicine]], [[aging]], àti àwọn ọ̀ràn míì tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àlàáfíà ènìyàn. A tún máa ń wo ìlera ayíká gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì tó ń fi ipò [[environment (biophysical)|ayíká]] hàn, tàbí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ètò ìkìlọ̀ ṣáájú fún ohun tí ó lè ṣẹlẹ̀ sí ènìyàn. Èyí ń ṣèrànwọ́ púpọ̀ fún ayíká nípa dídín iye ẹranko tí ń kú kù.

* [[Environmental justice]] jẹ́ [[social movement]] tí ń dojú kọ àìdájọ́ tó máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà tí àwọn àwùjọ talákà tàbí àwọn ẹgbẹ́ tí a ti fi sí ẹ̀gbẹ́ bá ní ìpalára látàrí [[hazardous waste]], [[resource extraction]], àti àwọn ìlò ilẹ̀ míì ([[Land use]]) tí wọn kò ní àǹfààní kankan nínú wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Size |first1=Julie |last2=London |first2=Jonathan K. |date=July 2008 |title=Environmental Justice at the Crossroads |journal=Sociology Compass |language=en |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=1331–1354 |doi=10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00131.x}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199286294.001.0001 |title=Defining Environmental Justice |date=2007 |last1=Schlosberg |first1=David |isbn=978-0-19-928629-4 }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{pn|date=April 2025}}

==== Àwọn ewéko àti ẹranko tí a ti ṣe àtúnṣe ẹ̀dá wọn ====

[[Genetically modified plant|Àwọn ewéko tí a ti ṣe àtúnṣe ẹ̀dá wọn]] àti [[Genetically modified animal|àwọn ẹranko tí a ti ṣe àtúnṣe ẹ̀dá wọn]] ni àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn àbò ayíká kan gbà pé wọ́n burú ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ nítorí pé wọn kì í ṣe ohun àdánidá. Àwọn mìíràn sì ń tọ́ka sí àwọn àǹfààní tí àwọn irúgbìn GM lè ní, bí [[water conservation]] nípasẹ̀ agbado tí a ṣe àtúnṣe láti má bà a nílò omi púpọ̀, àti dídín lílo oògùn apanirun kù nípasẹ̀ àwọn irúgbìn tó lè kojú àwọn kòkòrò tó ń pa irúgbìn run. Wọ́n tún tọ́ka sí i pé àwọn [[genetically modified livestock]] kan máa ń dàgbà kíákíá, èyí tó túmọ̀ sí pé àkókò ìdàgbàsókè wọn kúrú, tí ó sì ń mú kí lílo oúnjẹ ẹran wọ̀nyí túbọ̀ munadoko.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Rincon |first=Paul |date=25 February 2015 |title=Is the world ready for GM animals? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-31604233 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806053845/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-31604233 |archive-date=6 August 2020 |access-date=16 August 2018 |publisher=BBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn irúgbìn àti ẹranko tí a ti ṣe àtúnṣe ẹ̀dá wọn, [[synthetic biology]] náà ń gbajúgbajà sí i. Àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn àbò ayíká sì ń jiyàn pé ó tún ní àwọn ewu tirẹ̀ bí àwọn ohun alààyè wọ̀nyí bá dé inú àdánidá. Ìdí ni pé, yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ohun alààyè tí a ti ṣe àtúnṣe ẹ̀dá wọn, [[synthetic biology]] máa ń lo [[base pairs]] tí kò sí nínú àdánidá rárá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=September 2016 |title=FUTURE BRIEF : Synthetic biology and biodiversity |url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/synthetic_biology_biodiversity_FB15_en.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015125328/http://ec.europa.eu/environment/integration/research/newsalert/pdf/synthetic_biology_biodiversity_FB15_en.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2017 |access-date=16 August 2018 |publisher=European Commission}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Ìṣípáàrọ̀ Alátakò Agbára Nọ́ọ́kílíà ====

[[anti-nuclear movement|Ìṣípáàrọ̀ alátakò nọ́ọ́kílíà]] ń tako lílo oríṣìíríṣìí [[nuclear technology|ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ nọ́ọ́kílíà]]. Ète àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ni [[nuclear disarmament]], ṣùgbọ́n nígbà tó yá, àfojúsùn náà yí padà sí àwọn ọ̀ràn míì, pàápàá jùlọ ìtakò sí lílo [[nuclear power]]. Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ [[Demonstration (people)|ìfihàn]] àti [[protest]] ńlá ni a ti ṣe lábẹ́ ìṣípáàrọ̀ yìí.

[[pro-nuclear movement|Ìṣípáàrọ̀ tó ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún nọ́ọ́kílíà]] ní àwọn ènìyàn, pẹ̀lú àwọn tí wọ́n ti jẹ́ alátakò rẹ̀ rí, tí wọ́n gbà pé ewu tí [[climate change]] ń fa sí ẹ̀dá ènìyàn burú ju ewu kankan tó lè wá láti agbára nọ́ọ́kílíà lọ.

Ní àárín ọdún 1970s, ìpolongo ìtakò nọ́ọ́kílíà ti kọjá àwọn ìfihàn àdúgbò àti òṣèlú agbègbè láti di ohun tí ó ní ipa àti gbajúgbajà ní àgbègbè tó gbooro. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò ní àjọ kan ṣoṣo tó ń ṣàkóso rẹ̀, ìsapá ìṣípáàrọ̀ náà gba àkíyèsí púpọ̀, pàápàá ní [[United Kingdom]] àti [[United States]].&lt;ref name=&quot;eleven&quot;&gt;Walker, J. Samuel (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tf0AfoynG-EC&amp;q=Three+Mile+Island:+A+Nuclear+Crisis+in+Historical+Perspective Three Mile Island: A Nuclear Crisis in Historical Perspective]'' (Berkeley: University of California Press), pp. 10–11.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn [[Three Mile Island accident]] ní ọdún 1979, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìfihàn àpapọ̀ waye. Èyí tó tóbi jù lọ wáyé ní New York City ní Oṣù Kẹsán ọdún 1979, tí ó sì ní ènìyàn tó lé ní 200,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Hrebenar |first1=Ronald J. |title=Interest Group Politics in America |last2=Scott |first2=Ruth K. |date=16 August 1997 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |isbn=9781563247033 |page=149}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìfihàn àtakò ayíká ===

[[File:March_Against_Monsanto_Vancouver.jpg|thumb|&quot;[[March Against Monsanto]]&quot;, Vancouver, Canada, 25 May 2013]]

{{Main|List of environmental protests}}

[[Tree sitting]] jẹ́ ọ̀nà ìpolongo kan níbi tí olùfìhàn máa ń jókòó lórí igi láti dá ìgé igi dúró tàbí láti dí ìparun agbègbè kan lọwọ. Ẹni tó gbajúgbajà jù lọ nínú irú ìpolongo yìí ni [[Julia Butterfly Hill]], ẹni tí ó lo ọjọ́ 738 lórí igi Redwood kan ní California, tí ó sì gba agbègbè igbó tó tó eka mẹ́ta là.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Fountain |first=Henry |date=18 June 2006 |title=Rising Above the Environmental Debate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/18/weekinreview/18basic.html |work=The New York Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A tún mọ̀ [[Yellow Finch tree sit]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdènà tó pé ọjọ́ 932 sí [[Mountain Valley Pipeline]] láàárín ọdún 2018 sí 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Hammack |first=Laurence |date=12 November 2020 |title=Judge orders tree-sitters down after more than 2 years |url=https://roanoke.com/business/local/judge-orders-tree-sitters-down-after-more-than-2-years/article_3a53db1a-250b-11eb-8b06-4bf4a91a32cc.html |work=The Roanoke Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sit-in|Ìjókòó ìfihàn]] lè jẹ́ ọ̀nà láti mú ìyípadà àwùjọ wá, bíi Greensboro sit-ins ní ọdún 1960 tó tako ìpínya ẹ̀yà, ó sì tún lè jẹ́ ọ̀nà ìpolongo ayíká bí a ṣe rí nínú [[Dakota Access Pipeline]] Protest.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Mele |first=Christopher |date=2016 |title=Veterans To Serve as 'Human Shields' for Dakota Pipeline Protestors |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/29/us/veterans-to-serve-as-human-shields-for-pipeline-protesters.html?_r=0 |work=The New York Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìfihàn àti ìpolongo ayíká tó ṣe pàtàkì ni:

{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
* [[2010 Xinfa aluminum plant protest]]
* [[Anti-WAAhnsinns Festival]]
* [[Car-Free Days]]
* [[Camp for Climate Action]]
* [[Campaign against Climate Change]]
* [[Climate Rush]]
* [[Cofán people#Oil drilling|Ìfihàn àtakò lórí ìwakùsà epo ti àwọn ènìyàn Cofán (Ecuador)]]
* [[Earth Day]]
* [[Earth First!]]
* [[Earthlife Africa]]
* [[Extinction Rebellion]]
* [[Global Climate Strike (disambiguation)|Àwọn ìdásílẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àgbáyé fún ojú-ọjọ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/27/climate-crisis-6-million-people-join-latest-wave-of-worldwide-protests|title=Climate crisis: 6 million people join latest wave of global protests|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]|date=27 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/2019/9/17/20864740/greta-thunberg-youth-climate-strike-fridays-future|title=Greta Thunberg is leading kids and adults from 150 countries in a massive Friday climate strike|date=17 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Global Day of Action]]
* [[Gurindji Strike]]
* [[Hands off our Forest]]
* [[Homes before Roads]]
* [[Water protectors]]
* [[Just Stop Oil]]
* [[Kupa Piti Kungka Tjuta]]
* [[Love Canal protests]]
* [[March Against Monsanto]]
* [[Nevada Desert Experience]]
* [[Plane Mad]]
* [[Plane Stupid]]
* [[Qidong protest]]
* [[Save Manapouri Campaign]]
* [[Say Yes demonstrations]]
* [[Shifang protest]]
* [[Stop Climate Chaos]]
{{div col end}}

== Ìtàn ==

{{Main|Environmentalism#History|Conservation movement#History|Smoke abatement}}

Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká ní Yúróòpù àti Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà wá láti inú àwọn ètò [[Smoke abatement]] tí a dá sílẹ̀ láti dín [[smoke]] àti [[pollution]] tó ń pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ([[atmosphere]]) kù ní àkókò [[Industrial Revolution]]. Ìfarahàn àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ńlá àti ìdàgbàsókè tó pọ̀ gan-an nínú lílo èédú ([[history of coal mining|coal]]) yọrí sí ìpele [[air pollution]] tí a kò tíì rí rí tẹ́lẹ̀ ní àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ àti àwọn ìlú iṣẹ́. Lẹ́yìn ọdún 1900, iye púpọ̀ ti àwọn [[chemical]] egbin ilé iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń tú síta fi kún àkójọpọ̀ egbin ènìyàn tí a kò tíì tọ́jú dáadáa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donora&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ametsoc.org/sloan/cleanair/ |title=History of the Clean Air Act |access-date=14 February 2006 |first=James R. |last=Fleming |author2=Bethany R. Knorr |publisher=American Meteorological Society |archive-date=10 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610133251/http://www.ametsoc.org/sloan/cleanair/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn àríwísí ==

{{see also|Environmentalism#Criticism|Anti-environmentalism|Criticism of the environmental movement in the United States}}

Àwọn aláròyé tó ní ìwòye aláfipamọ́ (conservative) máa ń ṣàpèjúwe ìṣípáàrọ̀ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun tó le jù tàbí tí kò tọ́ ní ìtọ́sọ́nà. Wọ́n tún ń ṣàríwísí [[United States Endangered Species Act]], èyí tí ó wá sí abẹ́ àyẹ̀wò ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, pẹ̀lú Clean Air Act, tí wọ́n sọ pé ó tako ẹ̀tọ́ ohun-ini aládàáni, èrè ilé-iṣẹ́, àti ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé orílẹ̀-èdè lápapọ̀.

Pẹ̀lú èyí, àwọn alárìwísí tún ń tako ẹ̀rí sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ń fi hàn pé ìgbóná ayé ([[Climate change denial|global warming]]) ń ṣẹlẹ̀. Wọ́n sọ pé ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká ti yí àkíyèsí kúrò lórí àwọn ọ̀ràn míì tó ṣe pàtàkì jù lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Culture Wars&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Chapman |first=Roger |url=https://archive.org/details/culturewarsencyc00chap |title=Culture wars: an encyclopedia of issues, viewpoints, and voices |publisher=M.E. Sharpe, Inc |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-7656-1761-3 |pages=162 |url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn àbò ayíká ní ilẹ̀ Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn tún ti dojú kọ àríwísí lórí [[performative activism]], [[eco-colonialism]], àti fífi ìhùwàsí [[white savior]] hàn, pàápàá àwọn gbajúgbajà tí ń gbé ìpolongo ìtọju ayíká lárugẹ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ń dàgbàsókè.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Abidin |first1=Crystal |last2=Brockington |first2=Dan |last3=Goodman |first3=Michael K. |last4=Mostafanezhad |first4=Mary |last5=Richey |first5=Lisa Ann |date=17 October 2020 |title=The Tropes of Celebrity Environmentalism |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |language=en |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=387–410 |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012320-081703 |issn=1543-5938 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Dillon |first1=Nina M. |date=1991 |title=The Feasibility of Debt-For-Nature Swaps |journal=North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation |volume=16 |pages=127}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí àwọn olùgbé tó ń gbé lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ àwọn iṣẹ́ ìdàgbàsókè tí a fẹ́ ṣe bá ṣètò ìtakò sí wọn, wọ́n máa ń pè wọ́n ní &quot;[[NIMBYS]]&quot;, àkótán fún gbolóhùn Gẹ̀ẹ́sì tó túmọ̀ sí &quot;Kì í ṣe ní ẹ̀yìn ilé mi&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Definition of Nimby |url=http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/nimby |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721203623/http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/nimby |archive-date=21 July 2015 |access-date=17 July 2015 |publisher=Macmillan Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nípa orílẹ̀-èdè ==
{{World topic|Environmental movement in|title=Ìṣípáàrọ̀ fún àbò ayíká nípa orílẹ̀-èdè|noredlinks=yes|state=expanded}}

=== Ásíà ===

==== Bangladesh ====
Mithun Roy Chowdhury, Alága Save Nature &amp; Wildlife (SNW), [[Bangladesh]], tẹnumọ́ pé àwọn ará Bangladesh gbọ́dọ̀ gbé ohùn sókè lòdì sí [[Tipaimukh Dam]], tí [[Government of India|Ìjọba Íńdíà]] ń kọ́. Ó sọ pé iṣẹ́ Tipaimukh Dam yóò di “ìkúpa” míì fún Bangladesh bí [[Farakka Barrage]] ṣe rí, èyí tó lè yọrí sí [[environmental disaster]] fún àràádọ́ta ọ̀kẹ́ ènìyàn ní agbègbè [[Meghna River]] basin. Ó tún sọ pé iṣẹ́ yìí lè bẹ̀rẹ̀ [[desertification]] ní Bangladesh.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Protest against the Tipaimukh Dam by Save Nature &amp; Wildlife (SNW), Bangladesh |url=http://www.newstoday.com.bd/index.php?option=details&amp;news_id=50039&amp;date=2012-01-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205055556/http://www.newstoday.com.bd/index.php?option=details&amp;news_id=50039&amp;date=2012-01-14 |archive-date=5 December 2020 |access-date=17 March 2013 |website=Newstoday.com.bd}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Long march against Tipai dam begins |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-97465 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919052342/https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-97465 |archive-date=19 September 2020 |access-date=2 September 2016 |newspaper=The Daily Star}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Protest against Tipaimukh dam |url=http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=93865&amp;date=2012-01-14#.TxCr7b1D420.facebook |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817014402/http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=93865&amp;date=2012-01-14#.TxCr7b1D420.facebook |archive-date=17 August 2016 |access-date=17 March 2013 |publisher=Thefinancialexpress-bd.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Protest tipai Dam |url=http://www.kalerkantho.com/?view=details&amp;archiev=yes&amp;arch_date=14-01-2012&amp;type=gold&amp;data=Food&amp;pub_no=761&amp;cat_id=1&amp;menu_id=43&amp;news_type_id=1&amp;index=41 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527120040/https://www.kalerkantho.com/?view=details&amp;archiev=yes&amp;arch_date=14-01-2012&amp;type=gold&amp;data=Food&amp;pub_no=761&amp;cat_id=1&amp;menu_id=43&amp;news_type_id=1&amp;index=41 |archive-date=27 May 2021 |access-date=17 March 2013 |publisher=Kalerkantho.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bangladesh tún ti jẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè tí ìdọ̀tí ayíká ga gan-an nítorí àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ tó bàjẹ́, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn diesel, àti àwọn gaasi olóró láti ilé iṣẹ́. Afẹ́fẹ́ náà ń ba ìlera ènìyàn, ayíká, àti ìdàgbàsókè ọrọ̀ ajé jẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Rabin |first1=Mominul Haque |last2=Wang |first2=Qingyue |last3=Kabir |first3=Md Humayun |last4=Wang |first4=Weiqian |date=January 2023 |title=Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements of fine street dust during COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh |journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=4323–4345 |doi=10.1007/s11356-022-22541-8 |pmc=9377810 |pmid=35971052 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== China ====
{{Further|Environmentalism in China}}

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká ní China ń lágbára sí i, pẹ̀lú ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn NGO ayíká tí ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìyípadà ìlànà àti fífi ọ̀ràn ayíká sínú ìpinnu orílẹ̀-èdè. Àwọn alátìlẹ́yìn yìí sábà máa ń darapọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn aráàlú, àwọn amòye, àti àwọn olùkópa míì láti ṣiṣẹ́ lórí àwọn ìṣòro pàtàkì.

Ìkójọpọ̀ àwùjọ (grassroots) àti ìfihàn tún ti túbọ̀ wọ́pọ̀, pàápàá lórí ìṣòro bíi ìdọ̀tí, ìparun igbo, àti ìtọ́jú onírúurú ohun alààyè. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kì í sábà gba àkíyèsí média orílẹ̀-èdè, wọ́n ń mú ìmòye ayíká pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Fengshi Wu |year=2009 |title=Environmental Activism and Civil Society Development in China: 15 Years in Review |url=http://www.harvard-yenching.org/sites/harvard-yenching.org/files/featurefiles/WU%20Fengshi_Environmental%20Civil%20Society%20in%20China2.pdf |access-date=15 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní China, ìfihàn ayíká ń gbooro sí i, wọ́n sì ń pè fún ìkópa gbogbo ènìyàn “ní orúkọ àwùjọ”.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author1=Christoph Steinhardt |author2=Fengshi Wu |year=2016 |title=In the Name of the Public: Environmental Protest and the Changing Landscape of Popular Contention in China |journal=The China Journal |volume=75 |pages=61–82}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìrírí China fi hàn pé ìfihàn lè pọ̀ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n ó ti dàgbà látàrí ìṣòro ìṣèlú orílẹ̀-èdè. Àwọn ìfihàn ti pọ̀ sí i láti ọgọ́rùn-ún díẹ̀ ní ọdún 1990s dé ẹgbẹ̀rún lọ́nà ọgọ́rùn-ún lọ́dún 2004. Ọ̀pọ̀ ìṣòro náà ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìdọ̀tí, ìparun ilẹ̀, àti omi mímu.

Ìṣòro omi, ìparun ilẹ̀, àti ìgbẹ̀yà (desertification) tún wà lára àwọn ìṣòro pàtàkì. Ìpele omi inú ilẹ̀ ní North China Plain ń ṣubú lọ́dọọdún.&lt;ref name=&quot;Asia&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Bello |first=Walden |date=12 October 2007 |title=The Environmental Movement in the Global South |url=http://www.tni.org/archives/act/17458 |access-date=15 February 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== India ====
{{Further|Environmental movement in India}}

Ìlera ayíká àti ìlera aráàlú ṣi jẹ́ ìjà tí ń lọ ní India. Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká ní India bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní 1964 pẹ̀lú ìdásílẹ̀ ''Dasholi Gram Swarajya Sangh'', ìṣọ̀kan òṣìṣẹ́ tí [[Chandi Prasad Bhatt]] dá sílẹ̀.

Ìgbésẹ̀ yìí yọrí sí [[Chipko movement]] ní 1974. Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó burú jù lọ ni [[Bhopal disaster|ìjamba gaasi Bhopal]] ní 1984, tí ó pa ẹgbẹ̀rún ènìyàn lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ tí ó sì kan ọ̀pọ̀ mílíọ̀nù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bhopal: The World's Worst Industrial Disaster |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/12/bhopal-the-worlds-worst-industrial-disaster-30-years-later/100864/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní India, ìpolongo tún wà lòdì sí Coca-Cola àti Pepsi nítorí lílo omi ilẹ̀ àti ìdọ̀tí ayíká. Àwọn ìjà náà tún kan ìkọ́lé dam, ìwakùsà, àti ìdọ̀tí ilẹ̀. Ẹgbẹ́ Jhola Aandolan tún ń rọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn kí wọ́n yá kúrò nínú lílo àpò polyethylene.

Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ àti ìdínkù omi ń di ìpèníjà ńlá fún ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká ní India.&lt;ref name=&quot;Asia&quot; /&gt;

==== Aarin Ila-Oòrùn ====
[[File:Share of agricultural land which is irrigated, OWID.svg|thumb|Ìpin ilẹ̀ iṣẹ́-ogbin tí a ń fi omi rì (2021)]]

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká ní agbègbè [[Arab world]], pẹ̀lú [[Middle East and North Africa]] (MENA), ń kópa jọ lórí àwọn ọ̀ràn bíi [[industrial pollution]] àti ìbéèrè pé kí ìjọba pèsè [[irrigation]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |author1=Harry Verhoevenn |title=Environmental Politics in the Middle East |date=2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780190050139 |page=28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[League of Arab States]] ní àbùdá sub-committee kan nínú àwọn komiti abẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ 12 tí ń ṣàkóso ọ̀ràn ìlú òkèèrè, tí ó ń bójú tó ọ̀ràn ayíká. Ọ̀pọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè nínú League yìí ti fi hàn pé wọ́n ní ìfẹ́ sí ọ̀ràn ayíká, ṣùgbọ́n àwọn alátakò sọ pé ìfaramọ́ yìí kì í ṣe alágbára ní ìṣe, ó sábà jẹ́ ohun tí a fi hàn nìkan fún àwùjọ àgbáyé.

Ìpele ìmòye ayíká lè bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìdásílẹ̀ **Minisita Ayíká**. Ọdún tí a dá minisita sílẹ̀ tún fi hàn bí ìfẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè sí ayíká ṣe lágbára. Saudi Arabia ni orílẹ̀-èdè àkọ́kọ́ tó dá òfin ayíká sílẹ̀ ní 1992, lẹ́yìn náà Egypt ní 1994. Somalia ni orílẹ̀-èdè kan ṣoṣo tí kò ní òfin ayíká.

Ní 2010, Environmental Performance Index fi Algeria sí ipo tó dára jù lọ nínú àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè Arab (42 nínú 163), Morocco 52, Syria 56. Kò sí orílẹ̀-èdè Arab kankan nínú quartile tó ga jù, àti 7 nínú wọn wà ní quartile tó kéré jù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Arab world&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Djoundourian |first=Salpie |date=1 August 2011 |title=Environmental movement in the Arab world |journal=Environment, Development and Sustainability |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=743–758}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Koria Gúúsù àti Taiwan ====
Koria Gúúsù àti Taiwan ní ìdàgbàsókè ilé-iṣẹ́ láàárín 1965 sí 1990 pẹ̀lú àìní ìṣàkóso ayíká tó péye. Odò Han àti Nakdong ní Koria Gúúsù ti bàjẹ́ gan-an nítorí ìtú egbin ilé-iṣẹ́, tó fẹrẹẹ di “òdò tí kò ní ìyè”.

Ní Taiwan, ìdàgbàsókè ilé-iṣẹ́ mú kí ìdọ̀tí wọ́ inú ilẹ̀ oko, tó jẹ́ kí ọ̀pọ̀ ilẹ̀-ogbin bàjẹ́, àti pé ìrẹsì kan ní eroja olóró.

Àwọn agbeka ayíká ní orílẹ̀-èdè méjèèjì yìí kó àwọn ènìyàn láti oríṣìíríṣìí ìpele ìgbésí ayé jọ. Àwọn ìbéèrè wọn ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú iṣẹ́, ìlera iṣẹ́, àti ìṣòro ogbin. Ní ọ̀pọ̀ ìgbà, ìtakò yìí yọrí sí ìyípadà gidi, pẹ̀lú fífi àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ kúrò tàbí fífi àwọn òfin tuntun sílẹ̀ lòdì sí ìdọ̀tí.

==== Ìtọ́jú igbo ní India àti Burma ní àkókò amúnisìn ====
Ìtọ́jú ayíká òde-òní bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní àwọn igbo India pẹ̀lú lílo ìmò sáyẹ́ǹsì. Ìmọ̀ ìtọ́jú yìí fi hàn pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ba ayíká jẹ́, àti pé ojúṣe ni láti bójú tó ayíká fún ìran tó ń bọ̀.

James Ranald Martin ṣe ipa pàtàkì nínú ìdàgbàsókè yìí, nípa fífi ẹ̀rí hàn pé ìparun igbo ń fa ìṣòro ayíká, ó sì rọ ìjọba British India láti dá Forest Department sílẹ̀.

Ní Madras, Alexander Gibson bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣàkóso igbo tó dá lórí sáyẹ́ǹsì ní 1842, èyí ni a ka sí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣàkóso igbo ìjọba àkọ́kọ́ ní ayé.

Lẹ́yìn náà, ìjọba Lord Dalhousie dá eto ìtọ́jú igbo àgbáyé sílẹ̀ ní 1855, èyí tó di àpẹẹrẹ fún àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè míì.

Dietrich Brandis tún ṣe àtúnṣe nínú iṣàkóso igbo Burma, ó sì dá ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ igbo sílẹ̀ ní Dehradun.

==== Áfríkà ====

==== South Africa ====
Ní 2022, ilé-ẹjọ́ ní South Africa jẹ́rìí pé àwọn aráàlú ní ẹ̀tọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè láti ní ayíká tó mọ́ àti tí kì í pa ìlera jẹ́, pẹ̀lú ẹ̀tọ́ sí afẹ́fẹ́ mímọ́. Ẹjọ́ yìí ni a mọ̀ sí “Deadly Air case”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Garland |first=Rebecca |date=23 March 2022 |title=South African court rules that clean air is a constitutional right |url=http://theconversation.com/south-african-court-rules-that-clean-air-is-a-constitutional-right-what-needs-to-change-179706}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Amẹ́ríkà ====

==== Latin America ====
Lẹ́yìn ìpàdé ayíká Stockholm 1972, àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè Latin America bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìlànà ayíká tuntun. Ṣùgbọ́n ìdàgbàsókè ìlú àti ìṣòro ìmúraṣẹ̀ òfin mú kí ọ̀pọ̀ ìlànà kùnà.

Ọ̀pọ̀ ìlú ń pọ̀ sí i, àwọn ènìyàn sì ń gbé nínú ilé tí kò péye. Ìfàṣẹyọrí òfin ayíká kéré, ìtanrànwá sì rọrùn, tó mú kí ìdọ̀tí máa ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Latin America&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Figdor |first=Carrie |date=24 July 1988 |title=Latin America's Environmental Movement Seen as Well-Meaning but Inadequate |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-07-24-mn-10121-story.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Brazil =====
{{see also|Environmental issues in Brazil#Solutions and policies}}

Ní ọdún 1992, Brazil wá lábẹ́ àyẹ̀wò ní [[United Nations Conference on Environment and Development]] ní Rio de Janeiro. Brazil ní ìtàn ìmòye ayíká tó kéré gan-an. Ó ní ìpele [[biodiversity]] tó ga jù lọ ní ayé, ṣùgbọ́n pẹ̀lú ìpele gíga jù lọ ti [[habitat destruction]].

Ìdá kan nínú mẹ́ta àwọn igbo ayé wà ní Brazil. Ó tún jẹ́ ilé [[Amazon River|Odò Amazon]] tó tóbi jù lọ àti [[Amazon rainforest|igbo Amazon]] tó tóbi jù lọ ní ayé.

Àwọn ènìyàn ti ń kó owó jọ láti dá àwọn itura ìpínlẹ̀ sílẹ̀ àti láti mú ìmòye pọ̀ sí i lórí bí ìparun igbo àti ìdọ̀tí omi ṣe ń kan ayé. Láàárín 1973 sí 1990s, àti lẹ́yìn náà ní 2000s, àwọn àwùjọ ìbílẹ̀ àti àwọn olùkó igi rọba tún ṣe ìdènà (blockades) láti dáàbò bo púpọ̀ nínú igbo Amazon.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Brazil tún ní ọ̀pọ̀ àjọ tí ń darí ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká. Blue Wave Foundation ni a dá sílẹ̀ ní 1989, ó sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpolówó láti gbé ìpolongo ẹ̀kọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè kalẹ̀ fún mímọ́ etíkun Brazil.

Funatura ni a dá ní 1986 gẹ́gẹ́ bí ètò ìpamọ́ ẹranko. Pro-Natura International tún jẹ́ àjọ aládani ayíká tí a dá ní 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;Brazil&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Brooke |first=Elizabeth Heilman |date=2 June 1992 |title=As Forests Fall, Environmental Movement Rises in Brazil |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/02/news/as-forests-fall-environmental-movement-rises-in-brazil.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti ìparí 2000s, ìtakò àwùjọ ní Minas Gerais dá ìdàgbàsókè míì dúró tí yóò ba igbo jẹ́. Ní Pará, [[Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra]] (Landless Workers Movement) àti àwọn míì ṣe ìdènà àti ìtẹ́wọ́gbà lòdì sí ìwakùsà irin Carajás.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Smit |first=Jan Paul |date=2022-11-21 |title=Mining Resistance in Brazil |url=https://commonslibrary.org/mining-resistance-in-brazil/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== United States ====
{{Main|Environmental movement in the United States}}

[[File:Walden Thoreau.jpg|thumb|Ojú-ìwé àkọ́kọ́ ìtẹ̀jáde ''[[Walden]]'' tí [[Henry David Thoreau]] kọ]]

Ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká ní [[United States]] bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, láti inú ìbànújẹ́ lórí ìpamọ́ àwọn orísun ayé ní Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn. Àwọn ènìyàn bíi [[John Muir]] àti [[Henry David Thoreau]] ṣe ipa pàtàkì nínú ìmọ̀-òye yìí.

Thoreau kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ nípa ìbáṣepọ̀ ènìyàn pẹ̀lú ayíká nípasẹ̀ ìgbé ayé tó rọrùn nítòsí ìṣẹ̀dá, èyí tó jẹ́ kókó nínú ìwé rẹ̀ ''[[Walden]]'' (1854). John Muir gbà pé ìṣẹ̀dá ní ẹ̀tọ́ tirẹ̀, ó sì ṣe ìrìnàjò ní [[Yosemite Valley]].

Ó ṣàṣeyọrí nínú ìmúlò òfin láti dá [[Yosemite National Park]] sílẹ̀, ó sì dá [[Sierra Club]] sílẹ̀ ní 1892.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Wulf |first=Andrea |title=The Invention of Nature}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìmọ̀ ìpamọ́ àti ìgbàgbọ́ pé ìṣẹ̀dá ní ẹ̀tọ́ tirẹ̀ di ìpìlẹ̀ fún ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká òde-òní.

Láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún 20, ìtàn ìṣípáàrọ̀ ayíká òde-òní wá láti inu ìwé Rachel Carson ''[[Silent Spring]]'' (1962), Murray Bookchin ''Our Synthetic Environment'' (1962), àti Paul Ehrlich ''[[The Population Bomb]]'' (1968).

Àwọn olùgbé Amẹ́ríkà tún kópa nínú ìtakò sí ohun ija nukilià, [[acid rain]], ìparun ozone, deforestation, àti ní ìgbà yìí [[climate change]]. Ìjọba Amẹ́ríkà tún dá òfin ayíká púpọ̀ sílẹ̀ ní 1970s bíi [[Clean Water Act]], [[Clean Air Act (United States)|Clean Air Act]], [[Endangered Species Act]], àti [[National Environmental Policy Act]].

Ní 1990s, ìgbésẹ̀ anti-environmental “Wise Use” tún farahàn ní Amẹ́ríkà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Helvarg |first=David |title=The war on the greens}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Europe ===
Òfin ayíká European Union dá lórí ìpinnu European Council, àti eto ọdun márùn-ún àkọ́kọ́.

Ìlànà “polluter pays principle” ti di apakan pataki nínú òfin ayíká ṣáájú kí a to fi sínú Single European Act.

Lẹ́yìn ìṣòro epo 1973, Germany (SPD) ṣe òfin tuntun lórí ìdinku lílo agbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Energy and Power: Germany in the Age of Oil, Atoms, and Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Germany ====
Ní ọdún 1930s, ìjọba Nazi ní Germany ní àwọn ìlànà tí ó dáàbò bo ẹranko àti ìṣẹ̀dá. Wọ́n dá òfin ìdáàbò bo ẹranko sílẹ̀ ní 1933, àti Reich Hunting Law ní 1934.

Ní 1935, Reich Nature Protection Act tún wáyé. Ìmọ̀ “perpetual forest” (Dauerwald) tún jẹ́ apakan ìlànà wọn, pẹ̀lú ìdènà ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Environmentalism in Nazi Germany}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Sípéènì ====
Nígbà [[Spanish Revolution of 1936|Ìyípadà Sípéènì]] ní ọdún 1936, àwọn agbègbè tí àwọn anarchist ń ṣàkóso ṣe ọ̀pọ̀ àtúnṣe tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àyíká, èyí tí ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn àtúnṣe tó tóbi jùlọ ní ayé ní àsìkò náà. [[Daniel Guérin|Daniel Guerin]] ṣàlàyé pé àwọn [[List of anarchist communities|agbègbè anarchist]] yóò mú kí irúgbìn onírúurú pọ̀ sí i, yóò fa iṣẹ́ [[irrigation|ìrígéṣọ̀nù]] sí i, yóò tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ [[reforestation|gbígbìn igi tuntun]], dá àwọn ilé ìtọ́jú ọmọ igi sílẹ̀, àti ṣèrànwọ́ láti dá àwọn [[Naturist resort|àgbègbè ìgbé ayé naturist]] sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Guerin |first=Daniel |title=Anarchism: From Theory to Practice |publisher=Monthly Review Press |year=1970 |location=New York |pages=134}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nígbà tí wọ́n ṣàwárí ìbáṣepọ̀ láàrin ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ àti àrùn iko (tuberculosis), ẹgbẹ́ [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|CNT]] ti pa ọ̀pọ̀ ilé iṣẹ́ irin kan mọ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;Iain McKay, &quot;[http://anarchism.pageabode.com/anarcho/caplan.html Objectivity and Right-Libertarian Scholarship],&quot; 20 January 2009, http://anarchism.pageabode.com/anarcho/caplan.html .&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Orílẹ̀-Èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì ====
{{See also|Environmental direct action in the United Kingdom|}}
Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ fún ìtọju ẹranko igbó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dá sílẹ̀. Onímọ̀ ẹranko [[Alfred Newton]] ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ọ̀pọ̀ ìwádìí lórí ''Ìdí tí ó fi yẹ kí a dá “àkókò ìdènà ọdẹ” sílẹ̀ fún ìdáàbò bo àwọn ẹranko abinibi'' láàrin ọdún 1872 sí 1903. Ìpolongo rẹ̀ fún òfin tó máa dáàbò bo àwọn ẹranko kúrò lọ́wọ́ ọdẹ ní àsìkò ìbímọ yọrí sí ìdásílẹ̀ Plumage League (tí ó di [[Royal Society for the Protection of Birds]]) ní ọdún 1889.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hickling |first=James |date=2021-06-01 |title=The Vera Causa of Endangered Species Legislation: Alfred Newton and the Wild Bird Preservation Acts, 1869–1894 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-021-09633-w |journal=Journal of the History of Biology |language=en |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=275–309 |doi=10.1007/s10739-021-09633-w |issn=1573-0387 |pmid=33782819 |s2cid=254553730|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹgbẹ́ náà ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[advocacy group|ẹgbẹ́ agbátẹrù]] tó ń ṣe ìpolongo lòdì sí lílo awọ àti iyẹ̀ [[great crested grebe]] àti [[black-legged kittiwake|kittiwake]] fún [[fur clothing|aṣọ onírun]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Conservation biology |url=https://www.hmoob.in/wiki/Animal_Conservation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305221019/https://www.hmoob.in/wiki/Animal_Conservation |archive-date=5 March 2023 |access-date=2023-04-08 |website=hmoob.in |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{better source needed|date=April 2023|reason=Orísun náà dàbí àpilẹ̀kọ Wikipedia.}} Ẹgbẹ́ náà tún ṣe ìpolongo fún ìdáàbò bo àwọn ẹyẹ abinibi ní [[British Isles|àwọn erékùṣù Gẹ̀ẹ́sì]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Our History |url=https://www.rspb.org.uk/about-the-rspb/about-us/our-history/ |access-date=28 August 2020 |publisher=RSPB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ẹgbẹ́ náà gba àtìlẹ́yìn púpọ̀ láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn arin kilasi tó ń gbé ní agbègbè ìta ìlú,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mycoo |first=Michelle |date=January 2006 |title=The Retreat of the Upper and Middle Classes to Gated Communities in the Poststructural Adjustment Era: The Case of Trinidad |journal=Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space |language=en |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=131–148 |bibcode=2006EnPlA..38..131M |doi=10.1068/a37323 |issn=0308-518X |s2cid=143766333}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì ní ipa nínú fífi [[Sea Birds Preservation Act 1869|Òfin Ìdáàbò Bo Ẹyẹ Òkun 1869]] ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí òfin àkọ́kọ́ ní ayé fún ìdáàbò bo àdánidá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=G. Baeyens |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3540740023 |title=Coastal Dunes: Ecology and Conservation |author2=M. L. Martinez |publisher=Springer |year=2007 |page=282}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Makel |first=Jo |date=2 February 2011 |title=Protecting seabirds at Bempton Cliffs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/humberside/hi/people_and_places/nature/newsid_9383000/9383787.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502175830/http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/humberside/hi/people_and_places/nature/newsid_9383000/9383787.stm |archive-date=2 May 2019 |access-date=16 December 2013 |work=BBC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó tún gba àtìlẹ́yìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ènìyàn olókìkí mìíràn bíi onímọ̀ ẹyẹ [[Alfred Newton]]. Ní ọdún 1900, ìtìlẹ́yìn gbogbo ènìyàn fún ẹgbẹ́ náà ti pọ̀ gan-an, ó sì ní ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tó ju 25,000 lọ. Ìṣàkóso [[garden city movement]] fi ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìbànújẹ àyíká sínú ètò ìlú rẹ̀, nígbà tí [[Socialist League (UK, 1885)|Socialist League]] àti [[The Clarion (British newspaper)|The Clarion]] tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í pe fún àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ [[nature conservation|ìtọju àdánidá]].&lt;ref&gt;Gould, (1988) pp. 16, 23–24, 36–38, 84–86.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Òṣéáníà===

====Ọsirélíà====
{{Excerpt|Environmental movement in Australia}}

====Niu Silandi====
{{Excerpt|Environmental movement in New Zealand}}

==Wo tún wo==
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}

* [[Anti-consumerism]]
* [[Earth Science]]
* [[Earth Strike]]
* [[Ecological economics]]
* [[Eco-socialism]]
* [[Environmental defender]]
* [[Environmental justice]]
* [[List of environmental organizations|Environmental organizations]]
* [[Green movement]]
* [[Holistic management]]
* [[List of women climate scientists and activists]]
* [[Political representation of nature]]
* [[Positive environmentalism]]
* [[Social ecology (theory)|Social ecology]]
* [[Sustainability]]
* [[Timeline of environmental events]]
* [[Water protector]]

{{Div col end}}

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}


{{Green politics}}
{{Simple living|state=collapsed}}
{{Environmental social science}}
{{Environmentalism}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar|Environment|Ecology|Society|Earth sciences|Energy|Politics}}

[[Category:Environmental movements]]
[[Category:Environmentalism]]
[[Category:Environmental social science concepts]]</text>
      <sha1>fnbss4q5pxb4v39l13gt5232bewo188</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Àwọn Furaidé fún Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80370</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622235</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T07:07:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>34372</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú &quot;{{Short description|International youth movement for climate action}} {{Redirect|FFFD|the Unicode character with that code point|Specials (Unicode block)#Replacement character}} {{Pp-semi-indef|small=yes}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020|cs1-dates=y}} {{Use British English|date=January 2019}} {{Infobox civil conflict | title = Fridays for Future | subtitle =  | partof = the [[climate movement]] | image = Maximum school strikers per country.svg | caption = Ma...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622235</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="101237" sha1="ej8smy13dymt0n8tjak3yf6yfo499b3" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|International youth movement for climate action}}
{{Redirect|FFFD|the Unicode character with that code point|Specials (Unicode block)#Replacement character}}
{{Pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020|cs1-dates=y}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox civil conflict
| title = Fridays for Future
| subtitle = 
| partof = the [[climate movement]]
| image = Maximum school strikers per country.svg
| caption = Maximum number of school strikers per country:
{{Clear}}
{{left|{{legend|#AAFFAA|{{val|1000}}&amp;nbsp;}}}}
{{left|{{legend|#80FF80|{{val|1000}}+&amp;nbsp;}}}}
{{left|{{legend|#00D400|{{val|10000}}+&amp;nbsp;}}}}
{{left|{{legend|#008000|{{val|100000}}+&amp;nbsp;}}}}
{{left|{{legend|#002B00|{{val|1000000}}+}}}}
| date = Since 20 August 2018, mostly on Fridays, sometimes on Thursdays&lt;!-- Belgium --&gt;, Saturdays&lt;!-- Switzerland, France --&gt; or Sundays&lt;!-- Belgium --&gt;
| place = International
| coordinates =
| causes = Political inaction against [[global warming]]
| goals = [[Climate justice]]
| methods = [[Student strike]]
| status = Active
| result =
| side1 = {{center|Youth}}
| side2 =
| side3 =
| leadfigures6 = {{center|[[Greta Thunberg]]}}
| howmany3 = {{center|1.4&amp;nbsp;million&amp;nbsp;(for&amp;nbsp;15 March 2019)&lt;ref name=&quot;Carrington19.03.2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4&amp;nbsp;million&amp;nbsp;(for&amp;nbsp;20 September 2019)&lt;ref name=&quot;Vox 350&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2&amp;nbsp;million&amp;nbsp;(for&amp;nbsp;27 September 2019)&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 6 million&quot;/&gt;}}
| howmany2 =
| howmany1 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| casualties3 =
| fatalities =
| injuries =
| arrests =
| detentions =
| charged =
| fined =
| casualties_label =
| notes = [https://fridaysforfuture.org Website]
| sidebox =
}}
[[File:Fridays For future (1171).jpg|thumb|Children at a Fridays for Future protest in Germany, 2019]]
'''Fridays for Future''' ('''FFF'''), also known as the '''School Strike for Climate''' ({{langx|sv|Skolstrejk för klimatet}} {{IPA|sv|ˈskûːlstrɛjk fœr klɪˈmɑ̌ːtɛt|}}), is an international movement of school students who skip Friday classes to participate in demonstrations to demand action from political leaders to [[prevent climate change]] and for the [[fossil fuel]] industry to transition to [[renewable energy]].&lt;!-- ATTENTION EDITORS: Please don't link &quot;climate change&quot; as a standalone article because on the English Wikipedia that article pertains to the PETM and to the Holocene glaciation and any other climate change at any point in time. It is a GENERIC article about the CONCEPT. The article about the problem which raises the striker's concern is [[global warming]]. Thanks. --&gt; Publicity and widespread organising began after Swedish pupil [[Greta Thunberg]] staged a protest in August 2018 outside of the Swedish parliament, the [[Riksdag]], holding a sign that read &quot;{{lang|sv|Skolstrejk för klimatet}}&quot; (&quot;School strike for the climate&quot;).&lt;ref name=&quot;Crouch&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author-last=Crouch |author-first=David |title=The Swedish 15-year-old who's cutting class to fight the climate crisis |date=1 September 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, United Kingdom |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/sep/01/swedish-15-year-old-cutting-class-to-fight-the-climate-crisis |access-date=1 September 2018 |archive-date=2019-01-04  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104073409/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/sep/01/swedish-15-year-old-cutting-class-to-fight-the-climate-crisis |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-last=Weyler |author-first=Rex |title=The youth have seen enough |url=https://www.greenpeace.org/international/story/20260/the-youth-have-seen-enough/ |access-date=22 January 2019 |publisher=[[Greenpeace International]] |date=4 January 2019 |archive-date=2020-01-21  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200121081913/https://www.greenpeace.org/international/story/20260/the-youth-have-seen-enough/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.plu.edu/scancenter/exhibitions/skolstrejk-for-klimatet-greta-thunberg-and-swedish-school-strikes/
|title=Swedish Youth Inspires School Strikes Across the Globe|website=[[Pacific Lutheran University]]|access-date=14 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àgbáyé kan ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019 kó àwọn olùdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó ju mílíọ̀nù kan lọ jọ nínú ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ 2,200 tí a ṣètò ní orílẹ̀-èdè 125.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carrington19.03.2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |author-first=Damian |author-last=Carrington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/19/school-climate-strikes-more-than-1-million-took-part-say-campaigners-greta-thunberg |title=School climate strikes: 1.4 million people took part, say campaigners |date=19 March 2019 |access-date=19 March 2019 |archive-date=2020-03-07  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307085113/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/19/school-climate-strikes-more-than-1-million-took-part-say-campaigners-greta-thunberg |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian_20190315&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC strike 2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Barclay&quot;/&gt; Ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2019, nínú ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àgbáyé kejì, ìwọ̀n ìfarahàn 1,600 káàkiri orílẹ̀-èdè 150 fa ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ẹgbẹ̀rún àwọn olùdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́. Àwọn ìfarahàn Oṣù Karùn-ún náà ni a ṣètò láti bá [[2019 European Parliament election]] mu.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC strike 2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Students walk out in global climate strike |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-48392551 |access-date=24 May 2019 |agency=[[BBC]] |date=24 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524053103/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-48392551 |archive-date=24 May 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title='We're one, we're back': Pupils renew world climate action strike |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/05/pupils-renew-climate-action-world-strike-190524051317704.html |access-date=24 May 2019 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=24 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524075701/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/05/pupils-renew-climate-action-world-strike-190524051317704.html |archive-date=24 May 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gerretsen_20190524&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/24/world/global-climate-strike-school-students-protest-climate-change-intl/index.html |title=Global Climate Strike: Record number of students walk out |author-first=Isabelle |author-last=Gerretsen |website=CNN |date=24 May 2019 |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920101801/https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/24/world/global-climate-strike-school-students-protest-climate-change-intl/index.html |archive-date=20 September 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |url=https://time.com/5595365/global-climate-strikes-greta-thunberg/ |title=Students From 1,600 Cities Just Walked Out of School to Protest Climate Change. It Could Be Greta Thunberg's Biggest Strike Yet |author-last=Haynes |author-first=Suyin |date=24 May 2019 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=27 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526085735/http://time.com/5595365/global-climate-strikes-greta-thunberg/ |archive-date=26 May 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[2019 Global Week for Future]] jẹ́ àkójọpọ̀ ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ 4,500 káàkiri àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tó ju 150 lọ, tí a dojú kọ ní pàtàkì sí ọjọ́ Ẹtì, 20 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án àti ọjọ́ Ẹtì, 27 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lórí ojú-ọjọ́ tó tóbi jùlọ nínú ìtàn ayé. Ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ọjọ́ 20 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án kó nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rin àwọn olùfarahàn jọ, ọ̀pọ̀ nínú wọn jẹ́ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́, pẹ̀lú mílíọ̀nù 1.4 ní [[Germany]].&lt;ref&gt;Largest climate strike:
* {{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/21/across-the-globe-millions-join-biggest-climate-protest-ever |title=Across the globe, millions join biggest climate protest ever |work=[[The Guardian]] |author-last1=Laville |author-first1=Sandra |author-last2=Watts |author-first2=Jonathan |date=21 September 2019 |access-date=21 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920235607/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/21/across-the-globe-millions-join-biggest-climate-protest-ever |archive-date=20 September 2019 |url-status=live }}
4 million protesters overall:
* {{cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/20/20876143/climate-strike-2019-september-20-crowd-estimate |title=How big was the global climate strike? 4 million people, activists estimate. |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |author-last1=Barclay |author-first1=Eliza |author-last2=Resnick |author-first2=Brian |date=20 September 2019 |access-date=21 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921012020/https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/20/20876143/climate-strike-2019-september-20-crowd-estimate |archive-date=21 September 2019 |url-status=live }}
1.4 million protesters in Germany:
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.zdf.de/uri/2e409846-e515-4055-a7df-140ca15c9f24 |title=Rekordzahlen bei Klimademos: In Deutschland demonstrieren 1,4 Millionen Menschen |website=zdf.de |language=de |access-date=21 September 2019 |archive-date=2020-03-25  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325130727/https://www.zdf.de/uri/2e409846-e515-4055-a7df-140ca15c9f24 |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.stuttgarter-zeitung.de/inhalt.liveblog-zum-globalen-klimastreik-fridays-for-future-protestiert-in-2000-orten.c85e0e02-e49b-45d0-a5f6-5ebafa7f2b70.html |title=Liveblog zum globalen Klimastreik: Fridays for Future protestiert in 2000 Orten |website=[[Stuttgarter Zeitung]] |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920145017/https://www.stuttgarter-zeitung.de/inhalt.liveblog-zum-globalen-klimastreik-fridays-for-future-protestiert-in-2000-orten.c85e0e02-e49b-45d0-a5f6-5ebafa7f2b70.html |archive-date=20 September 2019 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ 27 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án, a fojú díwọ̀n rẹ̀ pé nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù méjì ènìyàn kópa nínú àwọn ìfarahàn káàkiri ayé, pẹ̀lú àwọn olùfarahàn tó ju mílíọ̀nù kan lọ ní [[Italy]] àti ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ẹgbẹ̀rún olùfarahàn ní [[Canada]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 6 million&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/27/climate-crisis-6-million-people-join-latest-wave-of-worldwide-protests|title=Climate crisis: 6 million people join latest wave of global protests|work=[[The Guardian]]|last1=Taylor|first1=Matthew|last2=Watts|first2=Jonathan|last3=Bartlett|first3=John|date=27 September 2019|access-date=28 September 2019|archive-date=2019-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208055719/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/27/climate-crisis-6-million-people-join-latest-wave-of-worldwide-protests|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Repubblica million&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/09/27/news/clima-237064333/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I237047295-C8-P2-S1.8-T1|title=Fridays for future, al via i cortei in 180 città italiane: 'Siamo più di un milione'|trans-title=Fridays for future, kids in the streets in 180 Italian cities: 'We're more than a million'|work=[[la Repubblica]]|date=27 September 2019|access-date=27 September 2019|archive-date=2020-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221065558/https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2019/09/27/news/clima-237064333/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I237047295-C8-P2-S1.8-T1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Canada&quot;/&gt;

== {{anchor|Climate strike|20151130}}Àwọn ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ tó ṣáájú ==
{{See also|Global Climate March 2015}}

Ní Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2006, a dá Australian Youth Climate Coalition sílẹ̀ láti ṣètò àwọn ìṣe lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àwọn ọdọ àti àwọn ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/climate-warriors-march-behind-little-green-book-20090710-dg2t.html|title=Climate warriors march behind little green book|first=Kelsey|last=Munro|date=10 July 2009|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=26 October 2020|archive-date=2016-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817175257/http://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/climate-warriors-march-behind-little-green-book-20090710-dg2t.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2010, àwọn ọmọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ní England jáde kúrò ní kíláàsì láti ṣàtakò sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, èyí tí ó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú Climate Camp.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/mar/02/climate-camp-disbanded|title=Climate Camp disbanded|date=2 March 2011|website=The Guardian|access-date=26 October 2020|archive-date=2020-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032503/http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/mar/02/climate-camp-disbanded|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ìparí Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2015, ẹgbẹ́ olómìnira kan ti àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ pe àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ míì káàkiri ayé láti fò ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ní ọjọ́ àkọ́kọ́ ti [[2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference]] ní Paris. Ní ọjọ́ 30 Oṣù kọkànlá, ọjọ́ àkọ́kọ́ àpéjọ náà, a ṣètò &quot;Ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Ojú-ọjọ́&quot; ní orílẹ̀-èdè tó ju 100 lọ; ó ju ènìyàn 50,000 lọ ló kópa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GjdVgGfcb8 |title=Climate Strike 2015: Students Skip School demanding Climate Actions |work=Climate Strike |date=1 March 2016 |access-date=14 March 2019 |publisher=[[YouTube]] |archive-date=2019-09-22  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922063013/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GjdVgGfcb8 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbésẹ̀ náà dojú kọ ohun mẹ́ta pàtàkì: lílo [[clean energy|agbára mímọ́]] ní ọgọ́rùn-ún nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún, fífi [[fossil fuel]] sílẹ̀ nínú ilẹ̀, àti ríràn àwọn [[climate refugee]] lọ́wọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.climatestrike.net/ |title=Climate Strike |website=climatestrike.net |access-date=14 March 2019 |archive-date=2020-02-28  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228231528/https://www.climatestrike.net/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Greta Thunberg àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀, 2018 ==
[[File:Greta Thunberg 4.jpg|thumb|[[Greta Thunberg]] ní iwájú ilé aṣòfin Sweden ní Stockholm, Oṣù Kẹjọ 2018]]
[[File:Fridays for Future Germany door hanger promoting climate strike on 14 February 2025.png|thumb|Àkọsílẹ̀ ìpolówó kan tó ń kéde ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ gbogbo Germany tí a ṣètò fún ọjọ́ 14 Oṣù Kejì 2025]]
[[File:Old town Stockholm the bike of Greta.jpeg|thumb|Kẹ̀kẹ́ alágbátẹrù kan ní [[Stockholm]] ní ọjọ́ 11 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án 2018: &quot;A gbọ́dọ̀ ka [[climate change|ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́]] sí àjálù! Ojú-ọjọ́ ni ọ̀ràn ìdìbò tó ṣe pàtàkì jùlọ!&quot;]]

Ní ọjọ́ 20 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2018, alágbátẹrù ojú-ọjọ́ ọmọ Sweden [[Greta Thunberg]],&lt;ref name=&quot;John_CNN_20190213&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=How teenage girls defied skeptics to build a new climate movement |date=13 February 2019 |author-first=Tara |author-last=John |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/13/uk/student-climate-strike-girls-gbr-scli-intl/index.html |access-date=28 February 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228102034/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/02/13/uk/student-climate-strike-girls-gbr-scli-intl/index.html |archive-date=28 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; tó wà ní kíláàsì kẹsàn-án nígbà náà, pinnu láti má lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ títí di [[2018 Sweden general election]] ní ọjọ́ 9 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án lẹ́yìn àwọn [[2018 European heat wave|ìgbóná gbígbóná]] àti [[2018 Sweden wildfires|iná igbó]] ní Sweden.&lt;ref name=&quot;Crouch&quot;/&gt; Ó sọ pé àwọn ọdọ alágbátẹrù ní [[Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School]] ní [[Parkland, Florida]], tí wọ́n ṣètò [[March for Our Lives]], ló fún un ní ìmísí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Teen activist on climate change: If we don't do anything right now, we're screwed |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGmBkIUwYkA |access-date=10 February 2019 |agency=[[CNN]] |date=23 December 2018 |archive-date=2019-03-15  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315172703/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGmBkIUwYkA |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=The Guardian view on teenage activists: protesters not puppets – Editorial |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/feb/07/the-guardian-view-on-teenage-activists-look-whos-pulling-the-strings |access-date=11 February 2019 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=7 February 2019 |archive-date=2019-02-11  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190211043029/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/feb/07/the-guardian-view-on-teenage-activists-look-whos-pulling-the-strings |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Thunberg ń ṣe ìfarahàn nípa jíjókòó níta [[Riksdag]] lójoojúmọ́ ní àsìkò ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ pẹ̀lú àmi kan tí a kọ sí pé &quot;{{lang|sv|Skolstrejk för klimatet}}&quot; (&quot;ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ fún ojú-ọjọ́&quot;).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-fifteen-year-old-climate-activist-who-is-demanding-a-new-kind-of-politics |title=The Fifteen-Year-Old Climate Activist Who Is Demanding a New Kind of Politics |date=2 October 2018 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |access-date=2019-01-18  |archive-date=2019-01-05  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105223945/https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-fifteen-year-old-climate-activist-who-is-demanding-a-new-kind-of-politics |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lára àwọn ohun tó ń béèrè ni pé kí ìjọba Sweden dín [[carbon emission]] kù gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[Paris Agreement]] ṣe sọ. Ní ọjọ́ 7 Oṣù Kẹsàn-án, díẹ̀ ṣáájú ìdìbò gbogbogbò náà, ó kéde pé òun yóò máa ṣe ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní gbogbo ọjọ́ Ẹtì títí tí Sweden yóò fi tẹ̀lé Paris Agreement. Ó dá ọ̀rọ̀-ìpolongo ''Fridays for Future'' sílẹ̀, èyí tí ó gba àkíyèsí káàkiri ayé, tí ó sì mú kí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ káàkiri ayé kópa nínú [[student strike|ìdálẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/dec/04/leaders-like-children-school-strike-founder-greta-thunberg-tells-un-climate-summit |title='Our leaders are like children,' school strike founder tells climate summit |date=4 December 2018 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2019-01-18  |archive-date=2019-01-02  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102050002/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/dec/04/leaders-like-children-school-strike-founder-greta-thunberg-tells-un-climate-summit |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[List of school strikes for the climate|Ìfarahàn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ fún ìgbésẹ̀ lórí ayíká]] bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í waye káàkiri ayé, ní ìmísí láti ọ̀dọ̀ [[Greta Thunberg|Thunberg]]. Ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ju ènìyàn kan lọ ṣẹlẹ̀ ní The Hague ní oṣù Kẹsán ọdún 2018 níta ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin Dutch, [[Binnenhof|parliament]], tí Sandor van Gessel, Anne-Laure Stroek, Ianthe Minnaert àti Ellis van der Borgh darí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Landeweer |first=Maja |date=13 September 2018 |title=Scholieren spijbelen voor het klimaat: 'Boeit onze toekomst je iets?' |url=https://www.ad.nl/den-haag/scholieren-spijbelen-voor-het-klimaat-boeit-onze-toekomst-je-iets~a3cf7d90 |access-date=8 August 2022 |website=AD}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní àwọn ọjọ́ tó tẹ̀lé e, ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní [[Australia]] bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ́kọ́ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ní gbogbo ọjọ́ Ẹtì láti fi béèrè ìgbésẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́, bí wọ́n ṣe kọ̀ láti tẹ̀lé ìpè [[Prime Minister of Australia|Olórí Ìjọba]] [[Scott Morrison]] tó ní kí wọ́n “kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ sí i ní ilé ẹ̀kọ́, kí wọ́n sì dín ìfarahàn olóṣèlú kù.”&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilkinson&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://edition-m.cnn.com/2018/11/30/australia/australia-school-climate-strike-scli-intl/index.html |title=Australian school children defy prime minister with climate strike |author-first=Bard |author-last=Wilkinson |date=30 November 2018 |publisher=[[CNN]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228104642/https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/30/australia/australia-school-climate-strike-scli-intl/index.html |archive-date=28 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí àpéjọ [[COP24]] ní [[Katowice]], Poland, ń lọ, àwọn ìfarahàn náà tẹ̀síwájú ní o kere tan àwọn ìlú 270.&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian2&quot;/&gt; Ní oṣù Kejìlá, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tún ṣe ìfarahàn ní ọ̀pọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè bíi Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Netherlands, Germany, Finland, Denmark, Japan, Switzerland, United Kingdom àti United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian2&quot;/&gt;

== Ìgbòkègbodò Ẹgbẹ́ náà, 2019 ==

{{See also|List of school climate strikes}}

Ní ọdún 2019, àwọn ìfarahàn tún bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè wọ̀nyí àti àwọn míì bíi Colombia, New Zealand àti Uganda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author-first=Julia |author-last=Conley |url=https://www.commondreams.org/news/2019/01/17/im-sure-dinosaurs-thought-they-had-time-too-over-12000-students-strike-brussels |title=I'm Sure Dinosaurs Thought They Had Time, Too: Over 12,000 Students Strike in Brussels Demanding Bold Climate Action |date=17 January 2010 |work=[[Common Dreams]] |access-date=2019-01-18  |archive-date=2019-11-12  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112143016/https://www.commondreams.org/news/2019/01/17/im-sure-dinosaurs-thought-they-had-time-too-over-12000-students-strike-brussels |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìfarahàn ńlá waye ní ọjọ́ 17 àti 18 Oṣù Kini 2019, níbi tí ó kere tan àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ 45,000 ṣe ìfarahàn ní Switzerland àti Germany nìkan, ní ìbéèrè fún ìlànà tó lágbára sí i lórí ìgbóná ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rippstein&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RTS-ATS&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hendrischke&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọ̀pọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè bí Germany àti United Kingdom, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ béèrè kí a yí òfin ìdìbò padà kí ọjọ́ orí tó yẹ fún ìdìbò dínkù sí ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún (16), kí àwọn ọdọ lè ní agbára láti ní ipa nínú àwọn ìdìbò gbogbogbò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Stern (magazine)|Stern]] |url=https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/freitag-zur-demo--so-denken-die-jugendlichen-von--fridays-for-future--8555674.html |title=Ragna, Linus, Ronja und Florian: Sie schwänzen den Unterricht, um die Welt zu retten |language=de |date=30 January 2019 |access-date=2019-02-23  |archive-date=2019-05-28  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528230647/https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/freitag-zur-demo--so-denken-die-jugendlichen-von--fridays-for-future--8555674.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2019, Thunberg rin ìrìnàjò ọ̀sẹ̀ méjì ní ọkọ̀ ojú omi lọ sí [[New York City]] láti tẹ̀síwájú ní ìpolongo rẹ̀ fún ìgbésẹ̀ lórí àjálù ojú-ọjọ́. Ó kópa nínú àwọn ìfarahàn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní United States ní ọjọ́ 20 Oṣù Kẹsán, lẹ́yìn náà ó sì sọ̀rọ̀ ní Ipàdé Ayíká ti UN ní ọjọ́ 23 Oṣù Kẹsán 2019 ní New York City.&lt;ref&gt;Tara Law. [https://time.com/5663534/greta-thunberg-arrives-sail-atlantic/ &quot;Climate Activist Greta Thunberg Arrives in New York After Sailing Across the Atlantic&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102100913/https://time.com/5663534/greta-thunberg-arrives-sail-atlantic/ |date=2019-11-02  }}. TIME. (28 August 2019).&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Germany, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ agbègbè ni wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ tí wọ́n ń bá ara wọn sọ̀rọ̀ nípasẹ̀ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ [[WhatsApp]] tí wọ́n sì ń tan ìfiranṣẹ́ wọn ká nípasẹ̀ ìwé ìpolówó àti ojú-òpó ayélujára. Ní February 2019, ó ju ẹgbẹ́ agbègbè 155 lọ ni wọ́n ti kà sí apá kan nínú ìgbésẹ̀ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Ní United States, àwọn olùṣètò ṣiṣẹ́ ní ìpele ìpínlẹ̀ kọọkan, wọ́n sì ń lo [[Slack (software)|Slack]] àti àwọn ojú-òpó ayélujára láti ṣètò ìfarahàn wọn. Ní February 2019, ó ju ẹgbẹ́ 134 lọ ni wọ́n ti dá sílẹ̀ lábẹ́ ìgbésẹ̀ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Minisita ayíká fún Flanders ní Belgium, [[Joke Schauvliege]], fi ipò rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ 5 Oṣù Kejì 2019 lẹ́yìn tí ó sọ láìní ẹ̀rí pé àwọn ìfarahàn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ jẹ́ ètò tí ẹlòmíràn ṣètò sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;boffey-2019&quot;/&gt;

Ní United Kingdom, ní ọjọ́ 13 Oṣù Kejì 2019, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gba ìtìlẹ́yìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti olùkọ́ ní yunifásítì. Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ 224 fọwọ́ sí lẹ́tà gbangba kan tí wọ́n fi hàn pé wọ́n ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó ń kópa nínú School Strike for Climate.&lt;ref name=&quot;open-letter&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ Ẹtì, ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kejì 2019, ó ju ìṣe ìfarahàn 60 lọ ni wọ́n ṣe káàkiri àwọn ìlú àti ìgboro ní United Kingdom, tí a sì fojú díwọ̀n pé àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó tó 15,000 ló kópa nínú rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC15Feb&quot;/&gt;

[[File:Fridays For Future Vicenza.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Vicenza]], 15 March 2019]]

Onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ojú-ọjọ́ [[Stefan Rahmstorf]], láti [[Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research]], bá àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó kópa nínú ìfarahàn Fridays for Future sọ̀rọ̀ ní [[Potsdam]], Germany, ní ọjọ́ yẹn náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;rahmstorf-2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Rahmstorf |author-first=Stefan |author-link=Stefan Rahmstorf |title=#FridaysForFuture — Schüler kämpfen für Klimaschutz |trans-title=#FridaysForFuture—Students fight for climate protection |language=de |date=15 February 2019 |work=KlimaLounge |url=https://scilogs.spektrum.de/klimalounge/fridaysforfuture-schueler-kaempfen-fuer-klimaschutz/ |access-date=19 February 2019 |quote=Ich war von den Potsdamer Schülern eingeladen worden, auf der heutigen Demonstration vor dem Landtag ein paar Worte zu sagen. Diese Einladung habe ich gerne angenommen. [I had been invited by the Potsdam school pupils to say a few words at the demonstration today in front of the [Brandenburg] state parliament. I gladly accepted this invitation.] |archive-date=2019-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219130416/https://scilogs.spektrum.de/klimalounge/fridaysforfuture-schueler-kaempfen-fuer-klimaschutz/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 21 Oṣù Kejì ọdún 2019, [[President of the European Commission]], [[Jean-Claude Juncker]], sọ pé ó fẹ́ fi ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún bílíọ̀nù yúrò (€) sínú àwọn ìlànà tó máa dín ipa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ kù. Ìnáwó yìí tó fẹrẹ̀ jẹ́ ìdá mẹ́rin nínú ìsúná gbogbo European Union. Ó kéde èrò yìí níbi tí Greta Thunberg wà, àti pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn gbà pé ìfarahàn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ló mú kí ìkéde yìí ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climatechange-teen-activist-idUSKCN1QA1RF |title=Swedish student leader wins EU pledge to spend billions on climate |date=21 February 2019 |work=Reuters |access-date=11 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190625222613/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climatechange-teen-activist-idUSKCN1QA1RF |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 5 Oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2019, àwọn olùṣèwádìí àti onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó lé ní 700 tí wọ́n ń sọ èdè Jámánì fọwọ́ sí àkọsílẹ̀ kan láti fi hàn pé wọ́n ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún ìfarahàn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Germany.&lt;ref name=&quot;maier-2019&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author-last=Maier |author-first=Jutta |title=700 Wissenschaftler und Prominente unterstützen Klimastreik |trans-title=700 scientists and prominent people support climate strike |date=5 March 2019 |newspaper=[[Der Tagesspiegel]] |location=Berlin, Germany |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/scientists-for-future-700-wissenschaftler-und-prominente-unterstuetzen-klimastreik/24065788.html |access-date=5 March 2019 |quote=[Solidarity with student demonstrations: hundreds of researchers believe the protests are justified. In a petition they call for a quick change in climate policy.] |archive-date=2019-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924160145/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/scientists-for-future-700-wissenschaftler-und-prominente-unterstuetzen-klimastreik/24065788.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn náà, àwọn olùṣèwádìí míì ni wọ́n pè láti darapọ̀ mọ́ àtìlẹ́yìn náà, tí ó sì di pé ó ju onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì 26,800 lọ láti Germany, Austria àti Switzerland ni wọ́n ti fọwọ́ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Unterschriften |url=https://www.scientists4future.org/unterschriften/ |website=Scientists for Future |access-date=30 May 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524182124/https://www.scientists4future.org/unterschriften/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Team |url=https://www.scientists4future.org/team/ |website=Scientists for Future |access-date=30 May 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531022414/https://www.scientists4future.org/team/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 9 Oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2019, nígbà ìpàdé àwọn olórí European Union ní [[Sibiu]], àwọn aṣojú ìgbésẹ̀ Fridays for Future láti oríṣìíríṣìí orílẹ̀-èdè Yúróòpù pàdé pẹ̀lú àwọn olórí orílẹ̀-èdè kan. Wọ́n fi lẹ́tà gbangba kan lé wọn lọ́wọ́, lẹ́tà tí ó ní ìbuwọ́lu tó ju 16,000 àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti alátìlẹ́yìn ìgbésẹ̀ ayíká ní Yúróòpù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.hln.be/wetenschap-planeet/milieu/anuna-ontmoet-in-roemenie-macron-en-michel-europees-continent-moet-tegen-2050-klimaatneutraal-worden~a8c3d338/|title=Anuna ontmoet in Roemenië Macron en Michel: 'Europees continent moet tegen 2050 klimaatneutraal worden'|date=9 May 2019|work=[[Het Laatste Nieuws]]|access-date=9 May 2019|language=nl|archive-date=2020-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102143107/https://www.hln.be/wetenschap-planeet/milieu/anuna-ontmoet-in-roemenie-macron-en-michel-europees-continent-moet-tegen-2050-klimaatneutraal-worden~a8c3d338/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.stern.de/neon/wilde-welt/politik/-fridays-for-future---offener-brief-an-eu-staatschefs-beim-gipfel-in-sibiu-8702302.html|title=Offener Brief von Greta und 16.000 Schülern: 'Liebe EU-Staatchefs, wir fühlen uns verraten!'|date=9 May 2019|work=[[Stern (magazine)|Stern]]|access-date=9 May 2019|language=de|archive-date=2019-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923031626/https://www.stern.de/neon/wilde-welt/politik/-fridays-for-future---offener-brief-an-eu-staatschefs-beim-gipfel-in-sibiu-8702302.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.meteoweb.eu/2019/05/clima-non-solo-greta-attivista-tedesca-incontra-9-capi-governo-esorta-agire/1259741/|title=Clima, non solo Greta: un'altra attivista tedesca incontra 9 capi di governo e li esorta ad agire|last=D'Amico|first=Fortunato|date=9 May 2019|work=Meteo Web|access-date=9 May 2019|language=it|archive-date=2019-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514184655/http://www.meteoweb.eu/2019/05/clima-non-solo-greta-attivista-tedesca-incontra-9-capi-governo-esorta-agire/1259741/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== {{anchor|20190315}}Ìfarahàn Àgbáyé fún Ojú-ọjọ́ Ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2019, ọ̀pọ̀ ìfarahàn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ waye káàkiri ayé, tí wọ́n ń ké pe àwọn àgbàlagbà àti àwọn olórí láti gba ojúṣe wọn kí wọ́n sì gbe ìgbésẹ̀ láti dá ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ dúró. Ó ju mílíọ̀nù kan ènìyàn lọ kópa nínú àwọn ìfarahàn tó fẹrẹ̀ tó {{formatnum:2200}} ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè 125 káàkiri agbaiye.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carrington19.03.2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian_20190315&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Climate strikes held around the world – as it happened |author-last1=Glenza |author-first1=Jessica |author-last2=Evans |author-first2=Alan |author-last3=Ellis-Petersen |author-first3=Hannah |author-last4=Zhou |author-first4=Naaman |date=15 March 2019 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |issn=0261-3077 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/live/2019/mar/15/climate-strikes-2019-live-latest-climate-change-global-warming |access-date=16 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190316124506/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/live/2019/mar/15/climate-strikes-2019-live-latest-climate-change-global-warming |archive-date=16 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC strike 2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Barclay&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/3/15/18267156/youth-climate-strike-march-15-photos |title=Photos: kids in 123 countries went on strike to protect the climate |author-last=Barclay |author-first=Eliza |date=15 March 2019 |access-date=16 March 2019 |archive-date=2020-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320135606/https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/3/15/18267156/youth-climate-strike-march-15-photos |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 1 Oṣù Kẹta 2019, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ 150 láti ẹgbẹ́ àjọṣepọ̀ àgbáyé tó ń ṣètò ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ tí àwọn ọdọ darí (fún ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta), pẹ̀lú Thunberg, tẹ lẹ́tà gbangba kan jáde nínú ''[[The Guardian]]''. Nínú lẹ́tà náà, wọ́n sọ pé:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Global coordination group of the youth-led climate strike |title=Climate crisis and a betrayed generation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/01/youth-climate-change-strikers-open-letter-to-world-leaders |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=1 March 2019 |access-date=1 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301193217/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/01/youth-climate-change-strikers-open-letter-to-world-leaders |archive-date=1 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Blockquote|
Àwa àwọn ọdọ kún fún ìbànújẹ àti àníyàn nípa ọjọ́ ọ̀la wa. [...] Àwa ni ọjọ́ ọ̀la ẹ̀dá ènìyàn tí kò ní ohùn. A kò ní tẹ̀síwájú láti gba àìdá òdodo yìí mọ́. [...] Àkókò ti tó láti gba pé àjálù ojú-ọjọ́ jẹ́ àjálù gidi. Ó jẹ́ ewu tó tóbi jù lọ nínú ìtàn ẹ̀dá ènìyàn, a kò sì ní gba ìfarapa tàbí àìṣeṣe àwọn olùdarí ayé tó ń fi ọlàjú wa sínú ewu. [...] Ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀. Àwọn ènìyàn ti kú, àwọn míì ń kú, àwọn mìíràn sì tún máa kú nítorí rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n a lè dá a dúró, a sì máa dá a dúró. [...] Nípasẹ̀ ìṣọ̀kan wa, a ó máa dide títí di ọjọ́ tí a ó fi rí ìdájọ́ ojú-ọjọ́. A ń béèrè pé kí àwọn olùdarí ayé gba ojúṣe wọn kí wọ́n sì yanju àjálù yìí. Ẹ ti kuna sí wa tẹ́lẹ̀. Bí ẹ bá tún kuna sí wa lọ́jọ́ iwájú, àwa àwọn ọdọ yóò ṣe àyípadà náà fúnra wa. Àwọn ọdọ ayé ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbé ìgbésẹ̀, a kò sì ní dáwọ́ dúró mọ́.
}}

Ní Scotland, àwọn ìgbìmọ̀ ìjọba ìlú Glasgow, Edinburgh, Highland àti Fife fún àwọn ọmọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ní àṣẹ láti kópa nínú àwọn ìfarahàn náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/433571-thousands-of-scottish-students-to-be-allowed-to-miss-school-to-join |title=Thousands of Scottish students to be allowed to miss school to join climate protests |author-first=Brooke |author-last=Seipel |date=11 March 2019 |website=TheHill.com |access-date=14 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190312034016/https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/433571-thousands-of-scottish-students-to-be-allowed-to-miss-school-to-join |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Finland, àwọn òbí fi lẹ́tà ìfọwọ́sí ránṣẹ́ sí àwọn ilé ẹ̀kọ́ kí àwọn ọmọ wọn lè kópa nínú ìfarahàn náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-10685882 |title=Osa nuorista pelkää, uskaltaako perjantain ilmastolakkoon osallistua koulun asenteen takia: Näin rehtorit yrittävät suitsia lakkoilijoita |website=Yle.fi |date=13 March 2019 |access-date=14 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330060827/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-10685882 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ìlú [[Turku]] ní Finland, àwọn alákóso ẹ̀kọ́ kede pé àwọn ọmọde ní ẹ̀tọ́ labẹ òfin orílẹ̀-èdè láti darapọ̀ mọ́ ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ náà, àti pé kò yẹ kí a dí wọn lọ́wọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ts.fi/uutiset/4513209 |title=Turun koulutoimenjohtaja: 'Ilmastolakko lapsen perustuslaillinen oikeus, ei voida kieltää'|date=14 March 2019 |website=Ts.fi |access-date=14 March 2019 |archive-date=2021-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216180849/https://www.ts.fi/uutiset/paikalliset/4513209/Turun+sivistystoimialan+johtaja+Ilmastolakko+lapsen+perustuslaillinen+oikeus+ei+voida+kieltaa |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní òwúrọ̀ ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta, nínú àpilẹ̀kọ àlejò kan tí ''The Guardian'' tẹ̀ jáde pẹ̀lú akọlé &quot;Think we should be at school? Today's climate strike is the biggest lesson of all&quot;, àwọn aṣáájú ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ — Thunberg, [[Anna Taylor (activist)|Anna Taylor]], [[Luisa Neubauer]], Kyra Gantois, [[Anuna De Wever]], [[Adélaïde Charlier]], [[Holly Gillibrand]] àti [[Alexandria Villaseñor]] — tún ṣàlàyé àwọn ìdí tí wọ́n fi pinnu láti ṣe ìfarahàn náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-last1=Thunberg |author-first1=Greta |author-link1=Greta Thunberg |author-last2=Taylor |author-first2=Anna |author-link2=Anna Taylor (activist) |author-last3=Neubauer |author-first3=Luisa |author-link3=Luisa Neubauer |author-last4=Gantois |author-first4=Kyra |author-last5=De Wever |author-first5=Anuna |author-link5=Anuna De Wever |author-last6=Charlier |author-first6=Adélaïde |author-link6=Adélaïde Charlier |author-last7=Gillibrand |author-first7=Holly |author-last8=Villaseñor |author-first8=Alexandria |author-link8=Alexandria Villaseñor |title=Think we should be at school? Today's climate strike is the biggest lesson of all |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/15/school-climate-strike-greta-thunberg?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other |access-date=15 March 2019 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=15 March 2019 |archive-date=2019-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330062958/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/mar/15/school-climate-strike-greta-thunberg?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Germany, ó ju àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ {{formatnum:300000}} lọ tí wọ́n kópa nínú ìfarahàn ní àwọn ìlú 230, nígbà tí ó ju {{formatnum:25000}} lọ ṣe ìfarahàn ní Berlin nìkan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Staude_20190315&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=300.000 bei 'Fridays for Future' in Deutschland |language=de |trans-title={{formatnum:300000}} at 'Fridays for Future' in Germany |author-first=Jens |author-last=Staude |work=Klimareporter |date=15 March 2019 |url=https://www.klimareporter.de/protest/300-000-bei-fridays-for-future |access-date=15 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191229090040/https://www.klimareporter.de/protest/300-000-bei-fridays-for-future |archive-date=29 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tagesschau_20190315&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Klima-Demos – von Berlin bis Sydney |language=de |trans-title=Climate demos from Berlin to Sydney |work=[[Tagesschau (German TV series)|Tagesschau]] |publisher=[[ARD (broadcaster)|ARD]] |date=15 March 2019 |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/klimaschutz-demonstrationen-fridays-for-future-103.html |access-date=16 March 2019 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190316195109/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/klimaschutz-demonstrationen-fridays-for-future-103.html |archive-date=2019-03-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tó ṣe ìfarahàn náà gba àtìlẹ́yìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ ẹgbẹ́ tuntun kan tí wọ́n pè ní Parents for Future.&lt;ref name=&quot;dw_20190310&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-parents-support-young-climate-activists/a-47844875|title=Parents in Germany support young climate activists|first=Julia|last=Vergin|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=10 March 2019|access-date=6 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Italy, ó ju àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ {{formatnum:200000}} lọ tí wọ́n ṣe ìfarahàn, nígbà tí àwọn olùṣètò sọ pé {{formatnum:100000}} nínú wọn wà ní [[Milan]] nìkan.

Ní Montreal, ó ju {{formatnum:150000}} ènìyàn lọ tó kópa; ní Stockholm láàárín {{formatnum:15000}} sí {{formatnum:20000}} ènìyàn ló wà; Melbourne ní {{formatnum:30000}}; Brussels ní {{formatnum:30000}}; àti Munich ní {{formatnum:8000}}. Àwọn ìlú mìíràn tí ìfarahàn náà tún dé ni Paris, London, Washington, Reykjavík, Oslo, Helsinki, Copenhagen àti Tokyo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian_20190315&quot;/&gt;

Ní Antarctica, ó kere tán àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì méje ṣe ìpéjọ ìtìlẹ́yìn kan ní [[Neumayer Station III]] ti [[Alfred Wegener Institute]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=These Photos of Kids Protesting Climate Change All Over the World Will Give You Hope for the Future |author-first1=Jackie Flynn |author-last1=Mogensen |author-last2=Van Pykeren |author-first2=Sam |date=15 March 2019 |newspaper=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/03/global-climate-change-youth-protests-photos/ |access-date=24 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190324105920/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/03/global-climate-change-youth-protests-photos/ |archive-date=24 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=#FridaysForFuture Overwinterer at the Neumayer Station III in the #Antarctic support the #SchoolStrike4Climate #ScientistsForFuture |date=15 March 2019 |publisher=[[AWI Media]] |url=https://twitter.com/AWI_Media/status/1106537052944957440/photo/1 |access-date=24 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190324110554/https://twitter.com/AWI_Media/status/1106537052944957440/photo/1 |archive-date=24 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní New Zealand, ìfarahàn náà kò péye bí a ṣe retí nítorí [[Christchurch mosque shootings]] tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kan náà. Nítorí ààbò, wọ́n fagilé ìfarahàn ní Christchurch, wọ́n sì ní kí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ padà sí ilé tàbí kí wọ́n wà ní ibi ààbò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=15 March 2019 |title=Thousands of students protest against climate change |url=https://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/384744/thousands-of-students-protest-against-climate-change |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315025702/https://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/384744/thousands-of-students-protest-against-climate-change |archive-date=15 March 2019 |access-date=15 March 2019 |work=Radio New Zealand}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/climate-news/112807302/christchurch-students-striking-for-climate-again|title=Christchurch students striking for climate again|website=Stuff|date=17 May 2019|language=en|access-date=11 December 2019|archive-date=2019-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211205755/https://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/climate-news/112807302/christchurch-students-striking-for-climate-again|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Síbẹ̀, àwọn ìfarahàn náà tẹ̀síwájú ní àwọn ìlú mìíràn ní New Zealand. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn tó kópa kò tíì mọ̀ nípa ìkọlù náà nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìfarahàn. Ọ̀kan lára wọn sọ pé kò gbọ́ nípa ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà títí tí ó fi tan tẹlifíṣọ̀nù ní alẹ́ láti wo ìròyìn, ní ìrètí pé ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ náà yóò jẹ́ ìròyìn pàtàkì jù lọ lọ́jọ́ náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Everything everywhere all at once |url=https://www.nzgeo.com/stories/everything-everywhere-all-at-once/ |access-date=2024-09-19 |website=New Zealand Geographic |language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot;&gt;
File:Koululakko ilmaston puolesta 20190315.jpg|Ìfarahàn School Strike for Climate níwájú [[Parliament House, Helsinki|Ilé Aṣòfin]], [[Helsinki]], 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
File:Activist Alienor Rougeot-Fridays for future;march 15-2019;Photographer Dina Dong.jpg|&quot;Fridays for Future&quot; ní [[Toronto]], 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
File:San Francisco Youth Climate Strike - March 15, 2019 - 22.jpg|Ìfarahàn ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ní [[San Francisco]] ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
File:Climate strike Cleveland Public Square 01.jpg|Ìfarahàn ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ní [[Cleveland]] ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
File:School Strike for Climate in Wellington 13.jpg|Ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ ní [[Wellington]] ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
File:Grève des lycéens contre le déréglement climatique à Dijon.jpg|Ọ̀rọ̀ kan tí wọ́n ń sọ láti orí àtẹ̀gùn Jardin Darcy ní [[Dijon]] ([[Côte-d'Or]], [[Burgundy]], [[France]]) fún ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2019
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=== {{anchor|20190524}}Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé Kejì ní Ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2019 ===

[[File:Stuttgart Fridays for future Frontbanner 20190524 yj.jpg|thumb|Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ ní [[Stuttgart]] ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2019]]
[[File:Students protesting Climate Change inactio in Lisbon, Portugal.webm|thumb|Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ ní [[Lisbon]] ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2019]]

Ìgbì kejì ti àwọn ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ìṣe ìfarahàn ní New Zealand àti Australia ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Karùn-ún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Students walk out in global climate strike |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-48392551 |access-date=24 May 2019 |agency=BBC |date=24 May 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524053103/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-48392551 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title='We're one, we're back': Pupils renew world climate action strike |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/05/pupils-renew-climate-action-world-strike-190524051317704.html |access-date=24 May 2019 |work=www.aljazeera.com |date=24 May 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524075701/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/05/pupils-renew-climate-action-world-strike-190524051317704.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ káàkiri ayé dáwọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ dúró láti kópa nínú ìfarahàn náà ní àwọn ìlú tó ju 1,600 lọ ní o kere tán àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè 125.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gerretsen_20190524&quot;/&gt;

Thunberg, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùṣètò ìfarahàn náà, sọ pé a ṣe ìfarahàn náà ní ọjọ́ kejì nínú ìdìbò aṣòfin [[2019 European Parliament election]] tó gba ọjọ́ mẹ́rin, kí ìfarahàn náà lè ní ipa lórí àwọn olùdìbò àti àwọn olóṣèlú.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;/&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìbò tí wọ́n ṣe ní àkókò náà fi hàn pé ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọ̀ràn pàtàkì jù lọ fún àwọn olùdìbò, pàápàá jù lọ ní Germany níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ ọ̀ràn tó ṣe pàtàkì jù lọ fún ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;/&gt;

=== {{anchor|AC2106}}Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé ní Aachen ní Ọjọ́ 21 Oṣù Kẹfà 2019 ===

Fridays for Future Deutschland pe àwọn ènìyàn sí ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ ńlá kan lábẹ́ àkòrí “Climate Justice Without Borders – United for a Future” (Ìdájọ́ Ojú-ọjọ́ Láìsí Ààlà – Ìṣọ̀kan Fún Ọjọ́ Ọ̀la). Wọ́n tún ké sí àwọn ènìyàn láti orílẹ̀-èdè mẹ́tàdínlógún láti wá sí [[Aachen]] ní ọjọ́ 21 Oṣù Kẹfà 2019.

Àwọn alátakò àti olùfarahàn kóra jọ ní ọ̀pọ̀ ibi káàkiri ìlú náà, pẹ̀lú [[Aachen Hauptbahnhof|ibùdó ọkọ̀ ojú irin Aachen]], [[Westpark (Aachen)|Westpark]], [[Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen|RWTH]] àti [[Vaals]].&lt;ref name=&quot;tagesschau_AC&quot;/&gt;

Pẹ̀lú ìrànlọ́wọ́ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ orin oríṣìíríṣìí, wọ́n rìn tàbí gun kẹ̀kẹ́ lọ sí ibi ìpàdé pàtàkì ní [[New Tivoli, Aachen|Tivoli]], ohun tí ó fa ìdènà sí apá ńlá ti ètò ọkọ̀ àti ojú-ọ̀nà ìlú náà fún ọ̀pọ̀ wákàtí.

Diẹ̀ lára àwọn olùfarahàn gba ilé kan, afárá kan àti àwọn ọ̀pá gíga láti fi gbé àwọn àpótí ìpolówó ńlá sókè. Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, wọ́n retí pé láàárín ènìyàn 10,000 sí 20,000 ni yóò wá, ṣùgbọ́n ní ìparí, ó tó 40,000 ènìyàn ni wọ́n kópa, ohun tí ó jẹ́ kí ó di ìfarahàn Fridays for Future tó tóbi jù lọ tí a ti ṣe ní ìlú kan ní Germany ní àsìkò yẹn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Zeit_20190621&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DLF_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;DW_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bierwisch_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ballig_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pilger_2019&quot;/&gt;

Àwọn ọlọ́pàá náà jẹ́wọ́ pé iye ènìyàn tó kópa sunmọ iye tí wọ́n ti retí tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;SPON-1273651&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aachener-521959&quot;/&gt;

Lára àwọn tó sọ̀rọ̀ níbi ìpàdé náà ni [[Cyril Dion]] (France), Karen Raymond (India), Tetet Nera-Lauron (Philippines), Jesse (Netherlands), Milan Schwarze àti Sina Chom (Ende Gelände), àti àwọn ajàkàlẹ̀ láti [[Hambach Forest]], [[Pacific Climate Warriors]], {{lang|de|Alle Dörfer bleiben!}} (“Gbogbo Àwọn Abúlé Yóò Wà”) àti All In for Climate Action.

Àwọn olórin tó ṣe eré níbi ìpàdé náà ni Brass Riot, [[Culcha Candela]], [[Bodo Wartke]], [[Moop Mama]], [[Ruslana|Ruslana Lyzhychko]], KingzCorner, Leo Holldack àti [[Davide Martello]]. Àwọn olókìkí bí [[Rezo]] àti [[Anton Hofreiter]] tún wà lára àwọn olùfarahàn.

Ní àkókò kan náà, ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ajàkàlẹ̀ [[Ende Gelände 2019]] bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìfarahàn ní ibi ìwakùsà lignite tó wà nítòsí, [[Garzweiler II]], níbi tí wọ́n ti dènà ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ohun èlò iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà fún gbogbo òpin ọ̀sẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gerich_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Leipziger_2019_1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Leipziger_2019_2&quot;/&gt;

Fridays for Future Deutschland ti ṣàfihàn àtìlẹ́yìn rẹ̀ fún ìgbésẹ̀ náà, wọ́n sì sọ pé ní àwọn àkókò pàtàkì bẹ́ẹ̀, [[civil disobedience]] (àìgbọ́ràn sí òfin ní ọ̀nà aláfiyà) lè jẹ́ ọ̀nà tó bófin mu láti dáàbò bo ọjọ́ ọ̀la. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, wọ́n tún ṣètò ìfarahàn mìíràn ní ọjọ́ 22 Oṣù Kẹfà 2019 ní [[Hochneukirch]]/[[Jüchen]], wọ́n sì tẹnumọ́ pé Fridays for Future yóò máa ṣiṣẹ́ lábẹ́ òfin.&lt;ref name=&quot;Barknanger_2019&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;faz-16247808&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tagessch-103&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 19 Oṣù Kẹfà 2019, díẹ̀ ṣáájú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ wọ̀nyí, ìjọba ìlú Aachen tẹ̀lé àpẹẹrẹ àwọn ìlú Germany míì nípa kéde “[[&quot;climate emergency declaration|ìpè pajawiri ojú-ọjọ́]]”.&lt;ref name=&quot;Aachen_Climate_Emergency&quot;/&gt;

=== {{anchor|20190805}}Àpéjọ Àgbáyé ní Lausanne, 5–9 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2019 ===

Láti ọjọ́ 5 sí ọjọ́ 9 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2019, [[University of Lausanne]] gbàlejò àwọn ọdọ Europe 450 láti inú ìgbésẹ̀ ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ fún àpéjọ kan tí wọ́n pè ní “SMILE for Future” (“Summer Meeting in [[Lausanne]] Europe”).&lt;ref&gt;[https://smileforfuture.eu Official website of the &quot;SMILE for Future&quot; meeting] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229150845/https://smileforfuture.eu/ |date=2020-02-29 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SwissinfoSMILE&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title='SMILE for Future': Lausanne environment activists call for action on global warming |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/summit-declaration_environment-activists-call-for-action-on-global-warming/45150342 |work=[[Swissinfo]] |date=9 August 2019 |access-date=10 August 2019 |language=en |archive-date=2020-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229162744/https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/summit-declaration_environment-activists-call-for-action-on-global-warming/45150342 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 9 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2019, àpéjọ náà parí pẹ̀lú ìfarahàn kan àti ìtẹ̀jáde ìwé tí wọ́n pè ní ''Lausanne Climate Declaration''. Ìwé náà ṣàlàyé àwọn ìlànà, àwọn iye, àwọn ibi-afẹ́de àti àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ tí àwọn olukopa nínú àpéjọ Lausanne gbà gbọ́ pé ó yẹ kí ayé gbé láti koju ìṣòro ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Lausanne Climate Declaration |url=https://covcan.uk/lausanne-climate-declaration/ |website=Coventry Climate Action Network |date=29 August 2019 |access-date=2020-07-05 |archive-date=2020-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705200631/https://covcan.uk/lausanne-climate-declaration/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SwissinfoSMILE&quot;/&gt;

=== Global Week of Climate Action on 20–27 September 2019 ===
{{Main|September 2019 climate strikes}}

[[File:20–27 September Climate strikes attendee numbers.svg|thumb|Àwọn nọ́mbà àwọn olùkópa nínú ìfarahàn láti ọjọ́ 20 sí 27 Oṣù Kẹsán 2019, gẹ́gẹ́ bí orílẹ̀-èdè:
{{legend|#22280B|1,000,000+}}
{{legend|#445016|100,000+}}
{{legend|#677821|10,000+}}
{{legend|#89A02C|1,000+}}
{{legend|#ABC837|100+}}
{{legend|#BCD35F|Àwọn ìfarahàn kékeré, iye ènìyàn kò ṣe kedere}}|304px]]

Ọ̀sẹ̀ Àgbáyé fún Ìgbésẹ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ ní Oṣù Kẹsán jẹ́ àkójọpọ̀ àwọn ìfarahàn àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó wáyé láti ọjọ́ 20 sí ọjọ́ 27 Oṣù Kẹsán 2019. Ìfojúsùn pàtàkì rẹ̀ wà lórí ọjọ́ Ẹtì méjì náà, ọjọ́ 20 àti ọjọ́ 27 Oṣù Kẹsán.

A ṣètò àwọn ìfarahàn wọ̀nyí lákòókò tó sún mọ́ [[2019 UN Climate Action Summit|Apejọ Ìgbésẹ̀ Ojú-ọjọ́ ti Àjọ Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè]] tó wáyé ní ọjọ́ 23 Oṣù Kẹsán.&lt;ref name=&quot;elle&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/a28985212/global-climate-strike-details-dates/ |title=The World Is Burning, and Teens Are Fighting: What to Know About the Global Climate Strike |author-last=Feller |author-first=Madison |date=17 September 2019 |website=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]] |language=en-US |access-date=19 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920132926/https://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/a28985212/global-climate-strike-details-dates/ |archive-date=20 September 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n gbero àwọn ìfarahàn náà ní àwọn ibi tó ju 4,500 lọ káàkiri àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè 150.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/20/climate-strikes-us-students-greta-thunberg |title=US to stage its largest ever climate strike: 'Somebody must sound the alarm' |work=[[The Guardian]] |author-last=Milman |author-first=Oliver |date=20 September 2019 |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920060536/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/20/climate-strikes-us-students-greta-thunberg |archive-date=20 September 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-019-02711-4/index.html |title=The hard truths of climate change—by the numbers |work=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |author-last=Tollefson |author-first=Jeff |date=18 September 2019 |access-date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919123135/https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-019-02711-4/index.html |archive-date=19 September 2019 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn olùṣètò ṣe sọ, ó ju mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rin ènìyàn lọ tó kópa nínú ìfarahàn ọjọ́ 20 Oṣù Kẹsán káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Vox 350&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/20/20876143/climate-strike-2019-september-20-crowd-estimate |title=How big was the global climate strike? 4 million people, activists estimate. |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |author-last1=Barclay |author-first1=Eliza |author-last2=Resnick |author-first2=Brian |date=20 September 2019 |access-date=2019-09-23 |archive-date=2019-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921012020/https://www.vox.com/energy-and-environment/2019/9/20/20876143/climate-strike-2019-september-20-crowd-estimate |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nínú wọn ni mílíọ̀nù 1.4 ènìyàn ní Germany àti àwọn olùfarahàn tó tó {{formatnum:300000}} ní Australia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdf.de/uri/2e409846-e515-4055-a7df-140ca15c9f24 |title=Rekordzahlen bei Klimademos: In Deutschland demonstrieren 1,4 Millionen Menschen |website=www.zdf.de |language=de |access-date=21 September 2019 |archive-date=2020-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325130727/https://www.zdf.de/uri/2e409846-e515-4055-a7df-140ca15c9f24 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-20/school-strike-for-climate-draws-thousands-to-australian-rallies/11531612 |title='It's our future': Climate strike draws 'hundreds of thousands' to rallies across Australia demanding action |date=20 September 2019 |website=ABC News |language=en-AU |access-date=21 September 2019 |archive-date=2019-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920084250/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-20/school-strike-for-climate-draws-thousands-to-australian-rallies/11531612 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 27 Oṣù Kẹsán, a fojú díwọ̀n pé ó tó mílíọ̀nù méjì ènìyàn ló tún kópa nínú àwọn ìfarahàn káàkiri ayé. Èyí pẹ̀lú ju mílíọ̀nù kan lọ ní Italy àti ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ènìyàn ní [[Canada]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian 6 million&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC Canada&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-49856860|title=Hundreds of thousands join Canada climate strikes|publisher=[[BBC]]|last=Murphy|first=Jessica|date=27 September 2019|access-date=28 September 2019|archive-date=2019-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017043823/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-49856860|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== {{anchor|20191129}}Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé Kẹrin ní Ọjọ́ 29 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2019 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 29 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2019, ọjọ́ mẹ́ta ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ [[COP25|Apejọ Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ ti Àjọ Ìparapọ̀ Àwọn Orílẹ̀-Èdè (COP25)]] ní Madrid, àwọn ìfarahàn wáyé ní àwọn ìlú 2,400 káàkiri àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè 157.

Ìdí pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni láti ṣàtakò sí àìṣe tó péye láti ọwọ́ àwọn ìjọba ayé nípa ìṣòro pajawiri ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/climate-change-protests-marches-worldwide-ahead-of-un-talks/a-51460018|title=Climate change protests: Marches worldwide ahead of UN talks|date=29 November 2019|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|language=en-GB|access-date=29 November 2019|archive-date=2019-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225041052/https://www.dw.com/en/climate-change-protests-marches-worldwide-ahead-of-un-talks/a-51460018|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/29/hundreds-of-thousands-of-students-join-global-climate-strikes|title=Hundreds of thousands of students join global climate strikes|last1=Taylor|first1=Matthew|date=29 November 2019|work=The Guardian|access-date=30 November 2019|last2=Pidd|first2=Helen|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|last3=Murray|first3=Jessica|archive-date=2020-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324040040/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/29/hundreds-of-thousands-of-students-join-global-climate-strikes|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn olùṣètò sọ pé ó tó mílíọ̀nù méjì ènìyàn ló kópa nínú ìfarahàn náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Carlisle |first1=Madeleine |title=Millions Around The World Strike on Black Friday for Action on Climate Change |url=https://time.com/5741593/black-friday-climate-strike/ |access-date=3 December 2019 |agency=Times |date=29 November 2019 |archive-date=2019-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212102125/https://time.com/5741593/black-friday-climate-strike/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nínú iye yìí, ó tó {{formatnum:630000}} ènìyàn ló kópa ní Germany nìkan.&lt;ref name=&quot;zeit-2019-11-29&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Hunderttausende demonstrieren für das Klima |language=de |date=29 November 2019 |work=[[Zeit Online]] |url=https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/zeitgeschehen/2019-11/fridays-for-future-klimaprotest-demonstrationen-klimaschutz |access-date=30 November 2019 |archive-date=2019-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208062834/https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/zeitgeschehen/2019-11/fridays-for-future-klimaprotest-demonstrationen-klimaschutz |url-status=live |last1=Luther |first1=Carsten }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọ̀sẹ̀ kan lẹ́yìn náà, ìfarahàn pàtàkì jù lọ tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú COP25 wáyé ní Madrid. A fojú díwọ̀n pé ó tó ààbọ̀ mílíọ̀nù ènìyàn (500,000) ló kópa nínú rẹ̀.

Àwọn ajàkálẹ̀ àti ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Fridays for Future láti gbogbo agbègbè ayé tún wà lára àwọn olùkópa nínú ìfarahàn ńlá yìí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=COP25: Thousands gather for change climate protests in Madrid |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-50694361 |agency=BBC |date=6 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Later Events, 2020s ==

=== Global Climate Strike on 25 September 2020 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 25 Oṣù Kẹsán 2020, ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé kan wáyé. A ṣètò àwọn ìfarahàn náà ní ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ibi káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-09-25|title=Fridays for Future: Climate strikers are back on the streets|url=https://www.dw.com/en/climate-change-environment-greta-thunberg-merkel-global-strike-climate-action-luisa-neubauer/a-54618006|access-date=2020-09-25|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB|archive-date=2020-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925202857/https://www.dw.com/en/climate-change-environment-greta-thunberg-merkel-global-strike-climate-action-luisa-neubauer/a-54618006|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Global #ClimateStrikeOnline – Art, Training &amp; Actions for climate strikers|url=https://globalclimatestrike.net/|access-date=2020-09-25|website=Global Climate Strike|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029075449/https://globalclimatestrike.net/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Fiona |author-link=Fiona Harvey |date=2020-09-25 |title=Young people resume global climate strikes calling for urgent action |url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/25/young-people-resume-global-climate-strikes-calling-urgent-action-greta-thunberg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925132602/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/25/young-people-resume-global-climate-strikes-calling-urgent-action-greta-thunberg |archive-date=2020-09-25 |access-date=2020-09-25 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Global Climate Strike on 19 March 2021 ===

Ní ọjọ́ Ẹtì, ọjọ́ 19 Oṣù Kẹta 2021, ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé míràn tún wáyé ní ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún ibi káàkiri ayé. Nítorí àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19 tí ó ṣì ń bá ayé jà ní àsìkò náà, iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n péjọ ní ojúkan kò pọ̀ tó bíi ti àwọn ọdún ṣáájú rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.brusselstimes.com/news/belgium-all-news/160781/fridays-for-future-youth-for-climate-anuna-de-wever-greta-thunberg-young-climate-activists-to-protest-in-brussels-today/|title=Young climate activists protest in Belgium and around the world today|date=19 March 2021|website=The Brussels Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/fridays-for-future-protests-global-climate-crisis-coronavirus/|title=Protests aim to put climate (not COVID) top of global agenda|date=18 March 2021|website=POLITICO}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-fridays-for-future-fff-covid-19-pandemic-climate-strike/a-56911641|title=Has COVID changed Fridays for Future?|date=19 March 2021|website=Deutsche Welle}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìtúká Ẹ̀ka Auckland ní Oṣù Kẹfà 2021 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹfà 2021, ẹ̀ka [[Auckland]] ti ìgbésẹ̀ School Strike 4 Climate ní New Zealand kéde pé wọ́n ti tú ẹgbẹ́ náà ká. Wọ́n sọ pé ìdí ni pé ẹgbẹ́ náà ti hùwà ẹlẹ́yamẹyà sí àwọn BIPOC (Black, Indigenous and People of Colour).

Ẹgbẹ́ náà sọ pé wọn kò ní tún ṣètò àwọn ìfarahàn mọ́, dípò bẹ́ẹ̀ wọn yóò ṣiṣẹ́ láti gbé àwọn àyè ìdájọ́ ojú-ọjọ́ tí àwọn BIPOC ń darí ga.

Ìpinnu yìí fa oríṣìíríṣìí ìdáhùn. Mary Moeono-Kolio, olùdarí 350 Pacific Climate Warriors ní Wellington, àti Sophie Hanford, olùdásílẹ̀ School Strike àti olùdarí rẹ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà, sọ pé kò sí àyè fún ẹlẹ́yamẹyà nínú ìgbésẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́, wọ́n sì pe fún aṣáájú àwọn ọmọ abinibi nínú ìjà fún ìdájọ́ ojú-ọjọ́.

Anevili, agbẹnusọ ẹgbẹ́ ọdọ́ Te Ara Whatu, fi ìpinnu náà ṣàfọwọ́sí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà kan láti koju ẹlẹ́yamẹyà, ṣùgbọ́n ó tún ṣàníyàn pé àwọn ajàkálẹ̀ tó jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ènìyàn aláwọ̀ lè jẹ́ ẹni tí a ó dá lẹ́bi fún ìtúká ẹgbẹ́ Auckland náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=McKenzie |first1=Pete |title=Auckland chapter of New Zealand's School Strike 4 Climate group admits racism and disbands |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/15/auckland-chapter-of-new-zealands-school-strike-4-climate-group-admits-racism-and-disbands |access-date=26 June 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=15 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Cardwell |first1=Hamish |title=School Strike 4 Climate Auckland declares itself racist and disbands |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/300333311/school-strike-4-climate-auckland-declares-itself-racist-and-disbands |access-date=26 June 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=15 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618131058/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/300333311/school-strike-4-climate-auckland-declares-itself-racist-and-disbands |archive-date=18 June 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Global Climate Strike on 24 September 2021 ===

[[File:20210924 xl 115634827.MP PXL-Global-Climate-Strike-in-Berlin-on-24-September-2021.jpg|thumb|Ìfarahàn Ojú-ọjọ́ Àgbáyé ní Berlin ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Kẹsán 2021]]

Ní ọjọ́ 24 Oṣù Kẹsán 2021, a ṣètò àwọn ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ ní àwọn ibi tó ju 1,400 lọ káàkiri ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Young global climate strikers vow change is coming – from the streets |last=Carrington |first=Damian |newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 September 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/24/young-global-climate-strikers-vow-change-is-coming-from-the-streets}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìfarahàn náà wáyé ní orílẹ̀-èdè tó ju 90 lọ, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìpéjọ ńlá ní Europe, America àti Africa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Don't trash our future,' young activists tell world leaders during climate strike |last=Navlakha |first=Meera |work=Mashable |date=24 September 2021 |url= https://mashable.com/article/fridaysforfuture-climate-protests}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Global climate strike: thousands join coordinated action across world |last=Taylor |first=Matthew |newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 September 2021 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/sep/24/people-in-99-countries-take-part-in-global-climate-strike}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Diẹ̀ lára àwọn ìfarahàn tó tóbi jù lọ wáyé ní Germany.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-fridays-for-future-protesters-rally-with-greta-thunberg-in-berlin/a-59292486|title=Germany: Fridays for Future protesters rally with Greta Thunberg in Berlin|date=24 September 2021|website=Deutsche Welle}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Greta Thunberg bá àwọn ènìyàn tó ju 100,000 lọ sọ̀rọ̀ ní Berlin, ó sì sọ pé, “Kò sí ẹgbẹ́ olóṣèlú kankan tó ń ṣe tó fún ìjà lòdì sí ìṣòro ojú-ọjọ́.”&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Climate protests led by youths spread across the world: Live Updates |last1=Dewan |first1=Angela |last2=Sangal |first2=Aditi |last3=Jani-Friend |first3=Isabelle |last4=Mahtani |first4=Melissa |last5=Wagner |first5=Meg |website=CNN |date=24 September 2021 |url= https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/live-updates-climate-protests-unga-intl/index.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Matthew|date=2021-09-24|title=Global climate strike: thousands join coordinated action across world|language=en|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/sep/24/people-in-99-countries-take-part-in-global-climate-strike|access-date=2021-09-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Global Climate Strike on 25 March 2022 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 25 Oṣù Kẹta 2022, ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé míràn tún wáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Christofaro |first=Beatrice |date=2022-03-25 |title=How Fridays for Future keeps the climate relevant as other crises rage |url=https://www.dw.com/en/how-fridays-for-future-keeps-the-climate-relevant-as-other-crises-rage/a-61232469 |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=DW.COM |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2022-03-25 |title=Youth take to the streets in Fridays for Future climate protests |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/youth-take-to-the-streets-in-fridays-for-idUSRTXLGGYY |access-date=2022-04-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Global Climate Strike on 23 September 2022 ===

Ní ọjọ́ 23 Oṣù Kẹsán 2022, ìfarahàn ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé tún wáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-09-23 |title=Youth activists stage a coordinated 'global climate strike' |url=https://www.euronews.com/green/2022/09/23/in-pictures-activists-stage-global-climate-strike-demanding-aid-for-countries-hit-by-wild- |access-date=2022-09-23 |website=euronews |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó ju ènìyàn 30,000 lọ tí wọ́n kópa nínú ìfarahàn náà ní Berlin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2022-09-23 |title=Fridays for Future zieht durchs Regierungsviertel: Mehr als 30.000 Menschen beteiligen sich an Klimaprotest in Berlin |language=de-DE |work=Der Tagesspiegel Online |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/fridays-for-future-zieht-durchs-regierungsviertel-mehr-als-30000-menschen-beteiligen-sich-an-klimaprotest-in-berlin-8674819.html |access-date=2022-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:FFF Berlin 23.jpg|thumb|Ìfarahàn Fridays for Future ní Berlin, 2023]]
|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/klimaschutz-schueler-in-ueber-100-staaten-demonstrieren-16090936.html |access-date=16 March 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190316122341/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/fridays-for-future-schueler-in-ueber-100-staaten-demonstrieren-16090936.html |archive-date=16 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àlàyé náà ni àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́-gíga tó ju {{formatnum:26000}} lọ tí wọ́n ń sọ èdè Jámánì fọwọ́ sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hagedorn_2019b&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ 14 Oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2019, [[Club of Rome]] ṣe àgbéjáde ìkéde osìṣẹ́ kan ní gbangba láti fi atilẹyin hàn fún Thunberg àti àwọn ìfarahàn ìdásílẹ̀ wọ̀nyí. Wọ́n bẹ àwọn ìjọba káàkiri ayé pé kí wọ́n gbọ́ ìpè ìṣe yìí, kí wọ́n sì dín ìtújáde erogba (carbon emissions) kárí ayé kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;CoR_2019_Statement&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2019, lẹ́tà kan tó ní àkọlé &quot;Àwọn ìbànújẹ àwọn ọdọ́ olùfarahàn jẹ́ tòótọ́&quot; ni wọ́n tẹ̀ jáde nínú ''[[Science (journal)|Science]]''. Nínú lẹ́tà náà, wọ́n sọ pé àwọn ìbànújẹ tí àwọn ọdọ́ tó ń kópa nínú ìfarahàn oju-ọjọ́ ń fi hàn jẹ́ “ẹ̀tọ́” àti pé ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó dára jù lọ tí a ní lónìí ń ṣe atilẹyin fún wọn. Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tó ju {{formatnum:3000}} lọ lágbàáyé ni wọ́n fọwọ́ sí lẹ́tà náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hagedorn_2019a&quot;/&gt;

Ní Oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2019, àwọn akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ ilera tó tó {{formatnum:1000}} ní United Kingdom àti àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè míì, pẹ̀lú àwọn ọjọ́gbọ́n yunifásítì, àwọn aṣáájú ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn tó gbajúgbajà, àti àwọn ààrẹ tẹ́lẹ̀ rí ti àwọn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ọba, pe fún ìfarahàn àlàáfíà tí kò ní ìwà ipá gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdáhùn sí àwọn ètò ìjọba tí wọ́n pè ní “àìpé gidigidi” lórí ìpẹ̀yà ayika tó ń ṣẹlẹ̀. Wọ́n rọ àwọn olóṣèlú àti ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn pé kí wọ́n dojú kọ òtítọ́ nípa ìṣòro ayika tó ń gbooro síi, kí wọ́n sì gbé ìgbésẹ̀ tó yẹ. Wọ́n tún fi atilẹyin wọn hàn fún ìgbìmọ̀ ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àti ẹgbẹ́ Extinction Rebellion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/27/doctors-call-for-nonviolent-direct-action-over-climate-crisis |title=Doctors call for nonviolent direct action over climate crisis |newspaper=The Guardian |author=Matthew Taylor |date=27 June 2019 |access-date=2019-06-27  |archive-date=2019-06-27  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627110758/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/27/doctors-call-for-nonviolent-direct-action-over-climate-crisis |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
Ẹgbẹ́ Elders Climate Action ti ṣe àwọn T-shirt tí àwòrán ọwọ́ bàbá tàbí ìyá àgbà kan tí ó dì mọ́ ọwọ́ ọmọ kékeré kan wà lórí wọn. Ète wọn ni láti kó àwọn bàbá àgbà, àwọn ìyá àgbà, àwọn àbúrò bàbá àgbà àti àwọn àbúrò ìyá àgbà jọ, kí wọ́n lè ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ láti dáàbò bo ọjọ́ ọ̀la àti àlàáfíà àwọn ọmọ àti àwọn ọmọ-ọmọ wọn kí ó tó pẹ́ jù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.eldersclimateaction.org/aboutus/|title=About Us|website=Elders Climate Action|language=en-US|access-date=8 December 2019|archive-date=2019-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208222023/https://www.eldersclimateaction.org/aboutus/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní fífi hàn pé àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tuntun tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú àyíká ń pọ̀ sí i nínú èdè, “climate strike” (ìdásílẹ̀ fún oju-ọjọ́) ni [[Collins English Dictionary|Collins Dictionary]] yan gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀rọ̀ ọdún fún ọdún 2019.&lt;ref name=Guardian_20101106/&gt; Àwọn amòye èdè ní Collins ṣàkíyèsí pé lílo ọ̀rọ̀ náà pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n ọgọ́rùn-ún ìgbà ní ọdún 2019, èyí tó ga jù lọ lára gbogbo àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tó wà lórí àkójọ wọn.&lt;ref name=Guardian_20101106&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hanson |first1=Johanne Elster |title='Climate strike' named 2019 word of the year by Collins Dictionary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/nov/07/climate-strike-named-2019-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary |work=The Guardian |date=6 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116214118/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/nov/07/climate-strike-named-2019-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary |archive-date=16 November 2019 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìdènà Ìròyìn àti Aláàyè Ọ̀rọ̀ (Censorship) ==
=== India ===
Ní Oṣù Keje ọdún 2020, ìjọba India dá ìwọlé sí ojú opo wẹẹbù ẹgbẹ́ Fridays for Future ní India dúró. Àwọn ẹgbẹ́ wọ̀nyí ló ń darí ìpolongo kan lòdì sí ìwé àbá tuntun EIA Draft tí ìjọba dabaa, èyí tí ó fa àríyànjiyàn púpọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Environmental Websites Leading The Movement Against India's Controversial New Proposal Are Blocked |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/environmental-websites-leading-the-movement-against-indias-controversial-eia-notification-2020-are-blocked/ |website=Vice |date=14 July 2020 |access-date=15 July 2020 |archive-date=2020-07-15  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715200912/https://www.vice.com/en_in/article/v7gzxb/environmental-websites-leading-the-movement-against-indias-controversial-eia-notification-2020-are-blocked |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn àti Ìyìn ==
Ní ọjọ́ 7 Oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2019, Fridays for Future àti Greta Thunberg gba ẹ̀bùn olókìkí [[Amnesty International]] tí wọ́n ń pè ní [[Ambassador of Conscience Award]]. Akọ̀wé Àgbà [[Kumi Naidoo]] sọ pé:

&lt;blockquote&gt;
“A ní ìrẹ̀lẹ̀ àti ìmísí nítorí ìfaradà àti ìpinnu tí àwọn ọdọ́ alátakò lágbàáyé fi ń pe gbogbo wa láti dojú kọ òtítọ́ ìṣòro oju-ọjọ́ tó ń dojú kọ ayé. Gbogbo ọdọ́ tó ń kópa nínú Fridays for Future ń fi hàn pé kí ni ìtumọ̀ gidi ti ṣíṣe ohun tó tọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀rí ọkàn ẹni. Wọ́n ń rántí wa pé agbára wa pọ̀ ju bí a ṣe rò lọ, àti pé gbogbo wa ní ipa láti kó nínú ààbò ẹ̀tọ́ ọmọ ènìyàn lòdì sí àjálù oju-ọjọ́.”
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnestyusa.org/press-releases/climate-activists-greta-thunberg-and-the-fridays-for-future-movement-honored-with-top-amnesty-international-award/|title=Climate activists Greta Thunberg and the Fridays for Future movement honored with top Amnesty International award|website=Amnesty International USA|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-07|archive-date=2019-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607182726/https://www.amnestyusa.org/press-releases/climate-activists-greta-thunberg-and-the-fridays-for-future-movement-honored-with-top-amnesty-international-award/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

== Wo Bákan Náà ==
{{Portal|Climate change|Environment|Global warming|Politics|Society}}

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Climate justice]]
* [[Earth Strike]]
* [[Individual action on climate change]]
* [[List of school climate strikes]]
* [[Youth activism]]
{{div col end}}

== Àwọn Àlàyé Àfikún ==
{{Reflist|group=&quot;nb&quot;|refs=
&lt;ref group=&quot;nb&quot; name=&quot;NB_Hambach-Forest&quot;&gt;
Yàtọ̀ sí ìfarahàn &quot;{{lang|de|[[Wald retten – Kohle stoppen!]]}}&quot; (ní Gẹ̀ẹ́sì: “Gbà Igbo Là – Dá Edu Dúró!”) tí ó wáyé ní ọjọ́ 6 Oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2018 ní [[Hambach Forest]], tí ó kó tó {{formatnum:50000}} ènìyàn jọ. Ṣùgbọ́n ìfarahàn náà dojukọ púpọ̀ sí dídá iṣẹ́ ìwakùsà edu lignite dúró àti ìgbàlà igbó náà ju ìdènà ìyípadà oju-ọjọ́ ní gbogbogbò lọ.
&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist|refs=
&lt;ref name=&quot;Rippstein&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |author-first=Julia |author-last=Rippstein |url=https://www.letemps.ch/suisse/suisse-lheure-lurgence-climatique-sonne |title=En Suisse, l'heure de l'urgence climatique a sonné |date=18 January 2019 |newspaper=[[Le Temps]] |language=fr |quote=Ce mouvement d'ampleur nationale a vu 22 000 gymnasiens, apprentis et étudiants crier à l'urgence climatique dans les rues de Lausanne, Fribourg ou Saint-Gall au lieu d'aller en classe. [This nationwide movement saw {{formatnum:22000}} high-schoolers, apprentices and students shouting at the climatic emergency in the streets of Lausanne, Fribourg or St. Gallen instead of going to class.] |access-date=2019-01-18  |archive-date=2019-04-17  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417183117/https://www.letemps.ch/suisse/suisse-lheure-lurgence-climatique-sonne |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;RTS-ATS&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.rts.ch/info/suisse/10148834-des-milliers-d-etudiants-suisses-se-mobilisent-contre-l-inaction-climatique.html |title=Les jeunes se sont mobilisés pour le climat un peu partout en Suisse |date=18 January 2019 |publisher=[[Radio Télévision Suisse]] |language=fr |quote=En tout, une quinzaine de villes participent à cette action. [In all, about fifteen cities participate in this action.] |access-date=2019-01-18  |archive-date=2019-01-18  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118191458/https://www.rts.ch/info/suisse/10148834-des-milliers-d-etudiants-suisses-se-mobilisent-contre-l-inaction-climatique.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Hendrischke&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |author-first=Maria |author-last=Hendrischke |url=https://www.mdr.de/sachsen-anhalt/halle/halle/schueler-streiken-fuer-klimaschutz-fridays-for-future-100.html |title=Schüler streiken für Klimaschutz: &quot;It's our fucking future&quot; |trans-title=Pupils strike for climate protection |date=18 January 2019 |publisher=[[Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk]] (MDR) |language=de |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218033313/https://www.mdr.de/sachsen-anhalt/halle/halle/schueler-streiken-fuer-klimaschutz-fridays-for-future-100.html |archive-date=18 February 2019 |quote=Am Freitag haben Kinder und Jugendliche in mehr als 50 Städten in ganz Deutschland protestiert. Etwa 25.000 junge Menschen sind nach Angaben von Fridays for Future bundesweit auf die Straßen gegangen. Halle war die einzige Stadt in Sachsen-Anhalt, die sich an der Demo beteiligt hat.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC15Feb&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |title=Schoolchildren go on strike over climate change |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-47250424 |access-date=15 February 2019 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=15 February 2019 |archive-date=2019-02-15  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215234342/https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/uk-47250424 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=https://time.com/5595365/global-climate-strikes-greta-thunberg/|title=Students From 1,600 Cities Just Walked Out of School to Protest Climate Change. It Could Be Greta Thunberg's Biggest Strike Yet|last=Haynes|first=Suyin|date=24 May 2019|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=27 May 2019|archive-date=2019-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526085735/http://time.com/5595365/global-climate-strikes-greta-thunberg/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;SPON-1273651&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Klimaschutz-Protest in Aachen – Tausende Schüler bei erster internationaler 'Fridays for Future'-Demo – In Aachen ist die bisher größte zentrale Fridays-For-Future-Demonstration gestartet. Zehntausende Teilnehmer aus mehreren europäischen Ländern gingen auf die Straße. |language=de |author=jkl/dpa |work=[[Spiegel Online]] |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/schule/fridays-for-future-tausende-schueler-demonstrieren-in-aachen-fuer-klimaschutz-a-1273651.html |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190621194207/https://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/schule/fridays-for-future-tausende-schueler-demonstrieren-in-aachen-fuer-klimaschutz-a-1273651.html |archive-date=21 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;aachener-521959&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/nrw-region/liveblog-zur-fridays-for-future-grossdemonstration-in-aachen-am-tivoli_aid-39521959 |language=de |title='Fridays for Future' in Aachen: Liveblog zur Großdemo am Tivoli |author-first1=Annika |author-last1=Kasties |author-first2=Sarah Lena |author-last2=Gombert |author-first3=Michael |author-last3=Grobusch |author-first4=Ines |author-last4=Kubat |author-first5=Kim |author-last5=Statzner |author-first6=Björn |author-last6=Hellmich |newspaper=[[Aachener Zeitung]] (AZ) |date=21 June 2019 |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190621194407/https://www.aachener-zeitung.de/nrw-region/liveblog-zur-fridays-for-future-grossdemonstration-in-aachen-am-tivoli_aid-39521959 |archive-date=21 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;faz-16247808&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author-first=Sarah |author-last=Obertreis |title=Der lange Zug von Aachen |language=de |trans-title=The long train of Aachen |newspaper=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]] (FAZ) |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.faz.net/1.6247808 |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190621224322/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/fridays-for-future-der-lange-zug-von-aachen-16247808.html |archive-date=21 June 2019 |quote=&quot;Wir erachten zivilen Ungehorsam als legitime Protestform. Er ist zwingend notwendig zum Schutz unserer Zukunft.&quot; [...] &quot;Fridays for Future wird auf der legalen Seite bleiben.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;tagessch-103&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title='Fridays for Future': Internationaler Klimastreik in Aachen – 'Oma, was ist ein Schneemann?' |language=de |work=[[Tagesschau (German TV series)|Tagesschau]] |publisher=[[ARD (broadcaster)|ARD]] |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/fridaysforfuture-aachen-103.html |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190621174631/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/fridaysforfuture-aachen-103.html |archive-date=21 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;tagesschau_AC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Aachen: Fridays for Future-Protest – Reportage und Interviews |editor-first=Isabel |editor-last=Schayani |editor-link=:de:Isabel Schayani |work=[[Tagesschau (German TV series)|Tagesschau]] |publisher=[[ARD (broadcaster)|ARD]] |language=de |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ErZBTLHDus |access-date=21 June 2019 |archive-date=2021-02-16  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216180919/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ErZBTLHDus |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Aachen_Climate_Emergency&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=&quot;Klimanotstand&quot; – Aachen folgt weiteren deutschen Städten |language=de |date=19 June 2019 |work=[[Deutschlandfunk]] |url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/klimanotstand-aachen-folgt-weiteren-deutschen-staedten.1939.de.html?drn:news_id=1019262 |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190622003846/https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/klimanotstand-aachen-folgt-weiteren-deutschen-staedten.1939.de.html?drn:news_id=1019262 |archive-date=22 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Zeit_20190621&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Sie meinen es ernst |language=de |work=[[Zeit Online]] |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/2019-06/fridays-for-future-klimaprostest-aachen-fs-3?uhttps://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/2019-06/fridays-for-future-klimaprostest-aachen-fs-3 |access-date=22 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731075917/https://www.zeit.de/gesellschaft/2019-06/fridays-for-future-klimaprostest-aachen-fs-3?uhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fgesellschaft%2F2019-06%2Ffridays-for-future-klimaprostest-aachen-fs-3 |archive-date=2020-07-31  }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;DLF_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title='Fridays for Future' Zehntausende demonstrieren in Aachen für mehr Klimaschutz |language=de |publisher=[[Deutschlandfunk]] |date=21 June 2019 |url=https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/fridays-for-future-zehntausende-demonstrieren-in-aachen.1939.de.html?drn:news_id=1019749 |access-date=22 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-06-22  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622171541/https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/fridays-for-future-zehntausende-demonstrieren-in-aachen.1939.de.html%3Fdrn:news_id%3D1019749 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Barknanger_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title='Fridays For Future' sammelt sich zum Protest am Tagebau |language=de |author=dpa |location=Jüchen |work=Barknanger Kreiszeitung |date=22 June 2019 |url=https://www.bkz.de/nachrichten/fridays-for-future-sammelt-sich-zum-protest-am-tagebau-28394.html |access-date=22 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-06-22  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622171542/https://www.bkz.de/nachrichten/fridays-for-future-sammelt-sich-zum-protest-am-tagebau-28394.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Gerich_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=&quot;Ende Gelände&quot; besetzt Tagebau Garzweiler – Polizisten bei Sturm verletzt – Bei den Demos im Rheinischen Revier haben Aktivisten von &quot;Ende Gelände&quot; den Tagebau gestürmt. Mindestens zwei Polizisten wurden wohl verletzt. |language=de |author-first1=Simon |author-last1=Gerich |author-first2=Lucas |author-last2=Bayer |author-first3=Holger |author-last3=Dumke |author-first4=Marc |author-last4=Wolko |newspaper=[[Berliner Morgenpost]] |date=22 June 2019 |url=https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/article226242653/Aktivisten-von-Ende-Gelaende-besetzen-Tagebau-Garzweiler-Polizisten-bei-Sturm-verletzt.html |access-date=22 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-06-22  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622171540/https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/article226242653/Aktivisten-von-Ende-Gelaende-besetzen-Tagebau-Garzweiler-Polizisten-bei-Sturm-verletzt.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Leipziger_2019_1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Ende Gelände legt Rheinisches Revier still – Tagebau Garzweiler blockiert, Hambach Bahn sowie Nord-Süd Bahn besetzt |language=de |work=Leipziger Internet Zeitung |date=22 June 2019 |url=https://www.l-iz.de/melder/wortmelder/2019/06/Tagebau-Garzweiler-blockiert-Hambach-Bahn-sowie-Nord-Sued-Bahn-besetzt-281943 |access-date=22 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190622232807/https://www.l-iz.de/melder/wortmelder/2019/06/Tagebau-Garzweiler-blockiert-Hambach-Bahn-sowie-Nord-Sued-Bahn-besetzt-281943 |archive-date=22 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Leipziger_2019_2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Kohlebahn seit 15 Stunden blockiert: 6.000 Aktivist*innen in Aktion |language=de |work=Leipziger Internet Zeitung |date=22 June 2019 |url=https://www.l-iz.de/melder/wortmelder/2019/06/Kohlebahn-seit-15-Stunden-blockiert-6-000-Aktivistinnen-in-Aktion-281916 |access-date=22 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190622232715/https://www.l-iz.de/melder/wortmelder/2019/06/Kohlebahn-seit-15-Stunden-blockiert-6-000-Aktivistinnen-in-Aktion-281916 |archive-date=22 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;DW_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Germany: Aachen hosts 'Fridays for Future' climate rally |date=22 June 2019 |work=DW – Made for Minds |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-aachen-hosts-fridays-for-future-climate-rally/a-49291173 |access-date=21 June 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622170102/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-aachen-hosts-fridays-for-future-climate-rally/a-49291173 |archive-date=2019-06-22  }} [https://p.dw.com/p/3Kosv]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Bierwisch_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Fridays for Future – Aachen 21 Juni 2019 |author-first=Ulrich |author-last=Bierwisch |website=[[YouTube]] |date=21 June 2019 |location=Aachen, Germany |type=video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuKbwMzAiK0 |access-date=25 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-07-10  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710073831/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuKbwMzAiK0&amp;gl=US&amp;hl=en |url-status=live }} [45:35 min]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Pilger_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Fridays for Future Demo Aachen 21.6.19 |author=Der Pilger |website=[[YouTube]] |language=de |date=21 June 2019 |location=Aachen, Germany |type=video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkxJSo-chVM |access-date=29 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-09-22  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922065750/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qkxJSo-chVM |url-status=live }} [2:39:25 min]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Ballig_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Fridays For Future in AACHEN – FFF Klimastreik 21.06.2019 Fridaysforfuture |language=de |work=Ukulele Einhorn |date=21 June 2019 |author-first=Matthias |author-last=Balling |location=Aachen, Germany |type=video |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqkHR_Uub2w |access-date=29 June 2019}} [29:37 min]&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Kingz_2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=KingzCorner News |date=25 June 2019 |publisher=KingzCorner e.V. |location=Aachen, Germany |url=https://aachenevents.com/location/location.php?id=56 |access-date=29 June 2019 |archive-date=2019-06-29  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629173809/https://aachenevents.com/location/location.php%3Fid%3D56 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;Hagedorn_2019b&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |author-last1=Hagedorn |author-first1=Gregor |author-last2=Loew |author-first2=Thomas |author-last3=Seneviratne |author-first3=Sonia I. |author-link3=Sonia I. Seneviratne |author-last4=Lucht |author-first4=Wolfgang Peter |author-link4=:de:Wolfgang Peter Lucht |author-last5=Beck |author-first5=Marie-Luise&lt;!-- not the same as: Marieluise Beck --&gt; |author-last6=Hesse |author-first6=Janina |author-last7=Knutti |author-first7=Reto |author-link7=Reto Knutti |author-last8=Quaschning |author-first8=Volker |author-link8=Volker Quaschning |author-last9=Schleimer |author-first9=Jan-Hendrik |author-last10=Mattauch |author-first10=Linus |author-last11=Breyer |author-first11=Christian |author-last12=Hübener |author-first12=Heike |author-last13=Kirchengast |author-first13=Gottfried |author-last14=Chodura |author-first14=Alice |author-last15=Clausen |author-first15=Jens |author-last16=Creutzig |author-first16=Felix |author-link16=Felix Creutzig |author-last17=Darbi |author-first17=Marianne |author-last18=Daub |author-first18=Claus-Heinrich |author-link18=:de:Claus-Heinrich Daub |author-last19=Ekardt |author-first19=Felix |author-link19=:de:Felix Ekardt |author-last20=Göpel |author-first20=Maja |author-link20=:de:Maja Göpel |author-last21=Hardt |author-first21=Judith N. |author-last22=Hertin |author-first22=Julia |author-last23=Hickler |author-first23=Thomas |author-last24=Köhncke |author-first24=Arnulf |author-last25=Köster |author-first25=Stephan |author-last26=Krohmer |author-first26=Julia |author-last27=Kromp-Kolb |author-first27=Helga |author-link27=:de:Helga Kromp-Kolb |author-last28=Leinfelder |author-first28=Reinhold |author-link28=:de:Reinhold Leinfelder |author-last29=Mederake |author-first29=Linda |author-last30=Neuhaus |author-first30=Michael |author-last31=Rahmstorf |author-first31=Stefan |author-link31=Stefan Rahmstorf |author-last32=Schmidt |author-first32=Christine |author-last33=Schneider |author-first33=Christoph |author-last34=Schneider |author-first34=Gerhard |author-last35=Seppelt |author-first35=Ralf |author-link35=:de:Ralf Seppelt |author-last36=Spindler |author-first36=Uli |author-last37=Springmann |author-first37=Marco |author-last38=Staab |author-first38=Katharina |author-last39=Stocker |author-first39=Thomas F. |author-link39=Thomas F. Stocker |author-last40=Steininger |author-first40=Karl |author-last41=von Hirschhausen |author-first41=Eckart |author-link41=Eckart von Hirschhausen |author-last42=Winter |author-first42=Susanne |author-last43=Wittau |author-first43=Martin |author-last44=Zens |author-first44=Josef |title=The concerns of the young protesters are justified: A statement by ''Scientists for Future'' concerning the protests for more climate protection |journal=GAIA – Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society |publisher=[[:de:oekom verlag|oekom verlag]] |volume=28 |number=2 |date=2019 |pages=79–87 |doi=10.14512/gaia.28.2.3 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/350292 |hdl-access=free }} (9 pages)&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;CoR_2019_Statement&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Statement in support of global student climate protests |author-last1=Alao |author-first1=Sadikou Ayo |author-link1=:de:Sadikou Ayo Alao |author-last2=Alvarez-Pereira |author-first2=Carlos |author-last3=Andersen |author-first3=Lene Rachel |author-link3=Lene Rachel Andersen |author-last4=AtKisson |author-first4=Alan |author-last5=Bamela Engo-Tjega |author-first5=Ruth |author-last6=Bardi |author-first6=Ugo |author-link6=Ugo Bardi |author-last7=Bastioli |author-first7=Catia |author-link7=:it:Catia Bastioli |author-last8=Bateson |author-first8=Nora |author-last9=Benedikter |author-first9=Roland |author-link9=:de:Roland Benedikter |author-last10=Berg |author-first10=Christian |author-link10=:de:Christian Berg (Ingenieur) |author-last11=Bindé |author-first11=Jérôme |author-link11=:nl:Jérôme Bindé |author-last12=Björkman |author-first12=Tomas |author-link12=Tomas Björkman |author-last13=Blom |author-first13=Peter |author-link13=:nl:Peter Blom (bankdirecteur) |author-last14=Bologna |author-first14=Gianfranco |author-last15=Bozesan |author-first15=Mariana |author-last16=Brown |author-first16=Peter G. |author-last17=Chacón Domínguez |author-first17=Susana Catalina |author-link17=Susana Catalina Chacón Domínguez |author-last18=Cheng |author-first18=Yi-Heng |author-last19=Costanza |author-first19=Robert |author-link19=Robert Costanza |author-last20=de Leeuw |author-first20=Bas |author-link20=Bas de Leeuw |author-last21=Dixson-Declève |author-first21=Sandrine |author-last22=Dorsey |author-first22=Michael K. |author-link22=Michael K. Dorsey |author-last23=Dubee |author-first23=Frederick C. |author-last24=Dubrulle |author-first24=Mark |author-link24=Mark Dubrulle |author-last25=Dunlop |author-first25=Ian T. |author-last26=Fainé Casas |author-first26=Isidro |author-link26=:es:Isidre Fainé Casas |author-last27=Fullerton |author-first27=John B. |author-link27=John B. Fullerton |author-last28=Gasparini |author-first28=Alberto |author-link28=Alberto Gasparini |author-last29=Geier |author-first29=Joerg |author-last30=Georgescu |author-first30=Călin |author-link30=Călin Georgescu |author-last31=Gil-Valdivia |author-first31=Gerardo |author-last32=Giovannini |author-first32=Enrico |author-link32=Enrico Giovannini |author-last33=Girardet |author-first33=Herbert |author-link33=Herbert Girardet |author-last34=Göpel |author-first34=Maja |author-link34=:de:Maja Göpel |author-last35=Güvenen |author-first35=Orhan |author-link35=:tr:Orhan Güvenen |author-last36=Gurgulino de Souza |author-first36=Heitor |author-link36=:br:Heitor Gurgulino de Souza |author-last37=Halonen |author-first37=Tarja Kaarina |author-link37=Tarja Kaarina Halonen |author-last38=Hamilton |author-first38=Carolyn |author-link38=Carolyn Hamilton (historian) |author-last39=Hargroves |author-first39=Karlson &quot;Charlie&quot; |author-last40=Hayashi |author-first40=Yoshitsugu |author-last41=Heinonen |author-first41=Sirkka |author-last42=Hennicke |author-first42=Peter |author-link42=:de:Peter Hennicke |author-last43=Hernández Colón |author-first43=Rafael |author-link43=Rafael Hernández Colón |author-last44=Herren |author-first44=Hans Rudolf |author-link44=Hans Rudolf Herren |author-last45=Higgs |author-first45=Kerryn |author-last46=Hoffman |author-first46=Robert |author-last47=Hudson |author-first47=Cecil Ivan |author-last48=Hughes |author-first48=Barry B. |author-link48=Barry B. Hughes |date=14 March 2019 |publisher=[[Club of Rome]] |location=Winterthur, Switzerland |url=https://www.clubofrome.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Statement-in-Support-of-Global-Student-Climate-Protests.pdf |access-date=18 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324131841/https://www.clubofrome.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Statement-in-Support-of-Global-Student-Climat</text>
      <sha1>ej8smy13dymt0n8tjak3yf6yfo499b3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìdìbò Ààrẹ ọdún 1993</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622238</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:21:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Agbalagba</username>
        <id>14929</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú &quot;{{Distinguish|1993 Nigerien presidential election}} {{Short description|None}} {{Use Nigerian English|date=June 2026}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox election | country = Nigeria | type = presidential | previous_election = 1983 Nigerian presidential election | previous_year = 1983 | next_election = 1999 Nigerian presidential election | next_year = 1999 | election_date = 12 June 1993 | image1 = | nominee1 = '''[[Moshood Abiola]]''' | party1 = Social...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622238</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2737" sha1="1dfptgucmj6zmgcwqvadyl4gffvbxjy" xml:space="preserve">{{Distinguish|1993 Nigerien presidential election}}
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=June 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| country = Nigeria
| type = presidential
| previous_election = 1983 Nigerian presidential election
| previous_year = 1983
| next_election = 1999 Nigerian presidential election
| next_year = 1999
| election_date = 12 June 1993
| image1 =
| nominee1 = '''[[Moshood Abiola]]'''
| party1 = Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
| running_mate1 = '''[[Baba Gana Kingibe]]'''
| popular_vote1 = '''8,341,309'''
| percentage1 = '''58.36%'''
| image2 = 3x4.svg
| nominee2 = [[Bashir Tofa]]
| party2 = [[National Republican Convention|NRC]]
| running_mate2 = [[Sylvester Ugoh]]
| colour2 = D82628
| popular_vote2 = 5,952,087
| percentage2 = 41.64%
| map_image = Map of the 1993 Nigerian presidential election.svg
| map_caption = States won by Abiola (green) and Tofa (red)
| title = President
| before_election = [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]]
| before_party = 
| after_election = Election results annulled &lt;br&gt; {{small|([[Sani Abacha]] becomes head of state)}}
| after_party = 
}}{{Politics of Nigeria}}

Ìdìbò sí ipò Ààrẹ orilẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 1993 ni ó wáyé ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 1993. Ìdìbò yí ni ó jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ irú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba àwọn ológun tí ó sì ṣí ilẹ̀kùn fún ìṣèjọba àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì lábẹ́ ìṣèjọba ọ̀gágun apàṣẹ-wàá   

The annulment led Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé ìjọba ológun wọ́gi lé ìdìbò náà pẹ̀lú àwíjàre wípé ètò ìdìbò náà ní kọ́nu-n-kọ́họ nínú. Àmọ́, àwọn elétò ìdìbò ti kéde olóyè [[M. K. O. Abíọ́lá]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò náà tí alátakò rẹ̀ lábẹ́ ẹgbé ìṣèlú [[National Republican Convetion]] [[Bashir Tofa]] sì pàdánù.


Ìfọwọ́ rọ́bò yí dànù dá wahálà sílẹ̀ jákè-jádò orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó sì fi ìjọba fìdíhẹ sí orí àlééfà, èyí tí ó mú ìjọba ológun míràn tún gorí ìṣèjọb orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba tí kò mú ìtàjẹ̀sílẹ̀ dání ní inú oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993. estaAàrẹ Sani Abacha fi ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò ti ọdún 1993 ìyẹn Moshood Abiola sí ẹ̀wọ̀n lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ẹ̀sùn ìdìtẹ̀ mọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kàn án látarí wípé ó kéde ara rẹ̀ bíi Aàrẹ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí a ìdìbò yàn ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. 
==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>1dfptgucmj6zmgcwqvadyl4gffvbxjy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622242</id>
      <parentid>622238</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T08:51:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Agbalagba</username>
        <id>14929</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>622242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4787" sha1="jqsrrhnlayfjr1aykhnyf74sv3mm9u3" xml:space="preserve">{{Distinguish|1993 Nigerien presidential election}}
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=June 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| country = Nigeria
| type = presidential
| previous_election = 1983 Nigerian presidential election
| previous_year = 1983
| next_election = 1999 Nigerian presidential election
| next_year = 1999
| election_date = 12 June 1993
| image1 =
| nominee1 = '''[[Moshood Abiola]]'''
| party1 = Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
| running_mate1 = '''[[Baba Gana Kingibe]]'''
| popular_vote1 = '''8,341,309'''
| percentage1 = '''58.36%'''
| image2 = 3x4.svg
| nominee2 = [[Bashir Tofa]]
| party2 = [[National Republican Convention|NRC]]
| running_mate2 = [[Sylvester Ugoh]]
| colour2 = D82628
| popular_vote2 = 5,952,087
| percentage2 = 41.64%
| map_image = Map of the 1993 Nigerian presidential election.svg
| map_caption = States won by Abiola (green) and Tofa (red)
| title = President
| before_election = [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]]
| before_party = 
| after_election = Election results annulled &lt;br&gt; {{small|([[Sani Abacha]] becomes head of state)}}
| after_party = 
}}{{Politics of Nigeria}}

Ìdìbò sí ipò Ààrẹ orilẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 1993 ni ó wáyé ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 1993. Ìdìbò yí ni ó jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ irú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba àwọn ológun tí ó sì ṣí ilẹ̀kùn fún ìṣèjọba àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì lábẹ́ ìṣèjọba ọ̀gágun apàṣẹ-wàá   

The annulment led Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé ìjọba ológun wọ́gi lé ìdìbò náà pẹ̀lú àwíjàre wípé ètò ìdìbò náà ní kọ́nu-n-kọ́họ nínú. Àmọ́, àwọn elétò ìdìbò ti kéde olóyè [[M. K. O. Abíọ́lá]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò náà tí alátakò rẹ̀ lábẹ́ ẹgbé ìṣèlú [[National Republican Convetion]] [[Bashir Tofa]] sì pàdánù.


Ìfọwọ́ rọ́bò yí dànù dá wahálà sílẹ̀ jákè-jádò orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó sì fi ìjọba fìdíhẹ sí orí àlééfà, èyí tí ó mú ìjọba ológun míràn tún gorí ìṣèjọb orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba tí kò mú ìtàjẹ̀sílẹ̀ dání ní inú oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993. estaAàrẹ Sani Abacha fi ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò ti ọdún 199 In 1987, the government established the National Electoral Commission (NEC) to oversee the electoral process. 3 ìyẹn Moshood Abiola sí ẹ̀wọ̀n lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ẹ̀sùn ìdìtẹ̀ mọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kàn án látarí wípé ó kéde ara rẹ̀ bíi Aàrẹ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí a ìdìbò yàn ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. 


==Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ọdún 1983 ni àwọn ọmọ ogun orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà gbajọba lọ́wọ́ Aàrẹ adìbòyàn [[Shehu Shagaru]] látarí àṣẹ tí Shagari pa lórí ogun [[Chadian–Nigerian War]], èyí tí ọ̀gágun [[Ibrahim Babangida]] darí rẹ̀ po ẹ́lú atilehin [[owó]] láti ọ̀dọ̀ bọ̀rọ̀kìnní ilẹ̀ [[Ẹ̀gbá]] olóyè [[Moshood Abiola]]. Àwọn ológun fi adarí ogun [[Muahammadu Buhari]] tí òun náa ń léwájú nínú ogun Chad yí, sórí àpèrè àsẹ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aàrẹ ológun.

Ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n osù kẹjọ ọdún 1985 ni Babangida lè Buhari kúrò lórí ipò tí pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Osita |first1=Agbu |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Anai%3Adiva-582 |title=The Politics of Opposition in Contemporary Africa |publisher=Nordiska Afrikainstitutet |year=1998 |editor-last=Olukoshi |editor-first=Abedayo O. |chapter=Political Opposition and Democratic Transitions in Nigeria, 1985-1996}}&lt;/ref&gt;Lẹ́yìn tí  Babangida bọ́ sípò tán, ó dá [[Armed Forces Ruling Council (Nigeria)|Armed Forces Ruling Council]] sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alábòójútó ìjọba ológun tí yóò rí sí ìdápadà ìjọba fún àwọn olóṣèlú àwa-ara-wa èyí tí wọ́n gbèrò wípé yóò wáyé ní oṣù kẹwá ọdún 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Suberu|first1=Rotimi T.|date=1 May 1994|title=The Democratic Recession in Nigeria|journal=Current History|volume=93|issue=583|pages=213–218|doi=10.1525/curh.1994.93.583.213 |s2cid=140298521 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìjọba Babangida dá ilé-isẹ́ elétò ìdìbò ti ''National Electoral Commission'' (NEC) sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1987 kí wọ́n lè rí sí ètò ìdìbò gbogbo-gbò náà.{{cn|date=November 2022}} 


==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>jqsrrhnlayfjr1aykhnyf74sv3mm9u3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622245</id>
      <parentid>622242</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T09:48:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Agbalagba</username>
        <id>14929</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622245</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7450" sha1="d4c0gomz695enmgd74f9fjeuvnp29r3" xml:space="preserve">{{Distinguish|1993 Nigerien presidential election}}
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=June 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| country = Nigeria
| type = presidential
| previous_election = 1983 Nigerian presidential election
| previous_year = 1983
| next_election = 1999 Nigerian presidential election
| next_year = 1999
| election_date = 12 June 1993
| image1 =
| nominee1 = '''[[Moshood Abiola]]'''
| party1 = Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
| running_mate1 = '''[[Baba Gana Kingibe]]'''
| popular_vote1 = '''8,341,309'''
| percentage1 = '''58.36%'''
| image2 = 3x4.svg
| nominee2 = [[Bashir Tofa]]
| party2 = [[National Republican Convention|NRC]]
| running_mate2 = [[Sylvester Ugoh]]
| colour2 = D82628
| popular_vote2 = 5,952,087
| percentage2 = 41.64%
| map_image = Map of the 1993 Nigerian presidential election.svg
| map_caption = States won by Abiola (green) and Tofa (red)
| title = President
| before_election = [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]]
| before_party = 
| after_election = Election results annulled &lt;br&gt; {{small|([[Sani Abacha]] becomes head of state)}}
| after_party = 
}}{{Politics of Nigeria}}

Ìdìbò sí ipò Ààrẹ orilẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 1993 ni ó wáyé ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 1993. Ìdìbò yí ni ó jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ irú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba àwọn ológun tí ó sì ṣí ilẹ̀kùn fún ìṣèjọba àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì lábẹ́ ìṣèjọba ọ̀gágun apàṣẹ-wàá   

The annulment led Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé ìjọba ológun wọ́gi lé ìdìbò náà pẹ̀lú àwíjàre wípé ètò ìdìbò náà ní kọ́nu-n-kọ́họ nínú. Àmọ́, àwọn elétò ìdìbò ti kéde olóyè [[M. K. O. Abíọ́lá]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò náà tí alátakò rẹ̀ lábẹ́ ẹgbé ìṣèlú [[National Republican Convetion]] [[Bashir Tofa]] sì pàdánù.


Ìfọwọ́ rọ́bò yí dànù dá wahálà sílẹ̀ jákè-jádò orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó sì fi ìjọba fìdíhẹ sí orí àlééfà, èyí tí ó mú ìjọba ológun míràn tún gorí ìṣèjọb orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba tí kò mú ìtàjẹ̀sílẹ̀ dání ní inú oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993. estaAàrẹ Sani Abacha fi ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò ti ọdún 199 In 1987, the government established the National Electoral Commission (NEC) to oversee the electoral process. 3 ìyẹn Moshood Abiola sí ẹ̀wọ̀n lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ẹ̀sùn ìdìtẹ̀ mọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kàn án látarí wípé ó kéde ara rẹ̀ bíi Aàrẹ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí a ìdìbò yàn ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. 


==Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ọdún 1983 ni àwọn ọmọ ogun orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà gbajọba lọ́wọ́ Aàrẹ adìbòyàn [[Shehu Shagaru]] látarí àṣẹ tí Shagari pa lórí ogun [[Chadian–Nigerian War]], èyí tí ọ̀gágun [[Ibrahim Babangida]] darí rẹ̀ po ẹ́lú atilehin [[owó]] láti ọ̀dọ̀ bọ̀rọ̀kìnní ilẹ̀ [[Ẹ̀gbá]] olóyè [[Moshood Abiola]]. Àwọn ológun fi adarí ogun [[Muahammadu Buhari]] tí òun náa ń léwájú nínú ogun Chad yí, sórí àpèrè àsẹ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aàrẹ ológun.

Ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n osù kẹjọ ọdún 1985 ni Babangida lè Buhari kúrò lórí ipò tí pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Osita |first1=Agbu |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Anai%3Adiva-582 |title=The Politics of Opposition in Contemporary Africa |publisher=Nordiska Afrikainstitutet |year=1998 |editor-last=Olukoshi |editor-first=Abedayo O. |chapter=Political Opposition and Democratic Transitions in Nigeria, 1985-1996}}&lt;/ref&gt;Lẹ́yìn tí  Babangida bọ́ sípò tán, ó dá [[Armed Forces Ruling Council (Nigeria)|Armed Forces Ruling Council]] sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alábòójútó ìjọba ológun tí yóò rí sí ìdápadà ìjọba fún àwọn olóṣèlú àwa-ara-wa èyí tí wọ́n gbèrò wípé yóò wáyé ní oṣù kẹwá ọdún 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Suberu|first1=Rotimi T.|date=1 May 1994|title=The Democratic Recession in Nigeria|journal=Current History|volume=93|issue=583|pages=213–218|doi=10.1525/curh.1994.93.583.213 |s2cid=140298521 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìjọba Babangida dá ilé-isẹ́ elétò ìdìbò ti ''National Electoral Commission'' (NEC) sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1987 kí wọ́n lè rí sí ètò ìdìbò gbogbo-gbò náà. Babangida tún dà [[Nigerian Political Bureau of 1986]] kí wọ́n lè fún ìjọba àti aje elétò ìdìbò ní ìmọ̀rán tí ó péye lórí ìdìbò ọ̀hún.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Okoroji|first1=Joseph C.|date=November 1993|title=The Nigerian Presidential Elections|journal=Review of African Political Economy|volume=20|issue=58|pages=123–131|doi=10.1080/03056249308704029|jstor=4006115|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ajọ ''Nigerian Political Bureau'' gba ìjọba ní ìmọ̀ràn wípé yóò da kí wọ́n dà ẹgbé ìṣèlú láàyè kí ẹlẹ́yà-mẹ̀yà àti ẹlẹ́sìn-ò-jẹ̀sìn ó lè dínkù nínú ètò ìṣèlú orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Fúndí èyí, Babangida dá ìṣípò-rọpò agbára fún ìjọba awa ara wa dúró di ọdún 1992 sí osù  kínní ọdún 1993. It wre finally being set for 27 August 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Obi-Ani|first1=Paul|last2=Obi-Ani|first2=Ngozika A.|date=December 2010|title=Annulment of June 12, 1993 Presidential Election: A Reappraisal|journal=International Journal of Communication|volume=12|pages=1–15}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Láti lè mú kí ètò ìṣèlú ó dúró o re, ìjọba tún dá ìpínlẹ̀  mẹ́sàn an mọ́ mọ́kànlélógún tí ó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀ láàrín ọdún 1987 sí 1991. Bákan náà ni wọ́n ṣe alékún ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ sí ọgọ́rùn mẹ́fà. Ọdún 1987 sí 1991 ni wọ́n dìbò ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n dìbò àwọn ilé-aṣòfin àgbà ati ile aṣòfin kékeré ní ọdún 1991 ati 1992.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; 
Ìjọba Babangida fòpin de àwọn olóṣèlú àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀krjì  àti àwọn ológun láti kópa nínú ìṣèlú ìjọba àwa-ara-wa ti ẹlẹ́kẹta èyí wọ́n ṣètò rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Nwokedi|first1=Emeka|date=April 1994|title=Nigeria's Democratic Transition: Explaining the Annulled 1993 Presidential Election|journal=The Round Table|volume=83|issue=330|pages=189–204|doi=10.1080/00358539408454202}}&lt;/ref&gt; During this period, the government also foiled coup attempts by major general [[Mamman Jiya Vatsa|Mamman Vatsa]] in 1985 and major [[Gideon Orkar]] in 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt; In late 1992, during the nomination process for the upcoming presidential election, Babangida replaced the Armed Forces Ruling Council with a new National Defense and Security Council and a civilian Transitional Council, led by [[Ernest Shonekan]], a prominent [[Egba people|Egba]] businessman, as head of government. &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>d4c0gomz695enmgd74f9fjeuvnp29r3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622248</id>
      <parentid>622245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T10:17:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Agbalagba</username>
        <id>14929</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ */</comment>
      <origin>622248</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7485" sha1="nm3ncqoquxvk2ypk285dlvz8s3vjp9s" xml:space="preserve">{{Distinguish|1993 Nigerien presidential election}}
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=June 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| country = Nigeria
| type = presidential
| previous_election = 1983 Nigerian presidential election
| previous_year = 1983
| next_election = 1999 Nigerian presidential election
| next_year = 1999
| election_date = 12 June 1993
| image1 =
| nominee1 = '''[[Moshood Abiola]]'''
| party1 = Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
| running_mate1 = '''[[Baba Gana Kingibe]]'''
| popular_vote1 = '''8,341,309'''
| percentage1 = '''58.36%'''
| image2 = 3x4.svg
| nominee2 = [[Bashir Tofa]]
| party2 = [[National Republican Convention|NRC]]
| running_mate2 = [[Sylvester Ugoh]]
| colour2 = D82628
| popular_vote2 = 5,952,087
| percentage2 = 41.64%
| map_image = Map of the 1993 Nigerian presidential election.svg
| map_caption = States won by Abiola (green) and Tofa (red)
| title = President
| before_election = [[Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida]]
| before_party = 
| after_election = Election results annulled &lt;br&gt; {{small|([[Sani Abacha]] becomes head of state)}}
| after_party = 
}}{{Politics of Nigeria}}

Ìdìbò sí ipò Ààrẹ orilẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 1993 ni ó wáyé ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 1993. Ìdìbò yí ni ó jẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ irú rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba àwọn ológun tí ó sì ṣí ilẹ̀kùn fún ìṣèjọba àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì lábẹ́ ìṣèjọba ọ̀gágun apàṣẹ-wàá   

The annulment led Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ wípé ìjọba ológun wọ́gi lé ìdìbò náà pẹ̀lú àwíjàre wípé ètò ìdìbò náà ní kọ́nu-n-kọ́họ nínú. Àmọ́, àwọn elétò ìdìbò ti kéde olóyè [[M. K. O. Abíọ́lá]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò náà tí alátakò rẹ̀ lábẹ́ ẹgbé ìṣèlú [[National Republican Convetion]] [[Bashir Tofa]] sì pàdánù.


Ìfọwọ́ rọ́bò yí dànù dá wahálà sílẹ̀ jákè-jádò orílẹ̀-èdè tí ó sì fi ìjọba fìdíhẹ sí orí àlééfà, èyí tí ó mú ìjọba ológun míràn tún gorí ìṣèjọb orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba tí kò mú ìtàjẹ̀sílẹ̀ dání ní inú oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1993. estaAàrẹ Sani Abacha fi ẹni tí ó jáwé olúborí nínú ètò ìdìbò ti ọdún 199 In 1987, the government established the National Electoral Commission (NEC) to oversee the electoral process. 3 ìyẹn Moshood Abiola sí ẹ̀wọ̀n lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ẹ̀sùn ìdìtẹ̀ mọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà kàn án látarí wípé ó kéde ara rẹ̀ bíi Aàrẹ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí a ìdìbò yàn ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. 


==Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ọdún 1983 ni àwọn ọmọ ogun orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà gbajọba lọ́wọ́ Aàrẹ adìbòyàn [[Shehu Shagaru]] látarí àṣẹ tí Shagari pa lórí ogun [[Chadian–Nigerian War]], èyí tí ọ̀gágun [[Ibrahim Babangida]] darí rẹ̀ po ẹ́lú atilehin [[owó]] láti ọ̀dọ̀ bọ̀rọ̀kìnní ilẹ̀ [[Ẹ̀gbá]] olóyè [[Moshood Abiola]]. Àwọn ológun fi adarí ogun [[Muahammadu Buhari]] tí òun náa ń léwájú nínú ogun Chad yí, sórí àpèrè àsẹ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aàrẹ ológun.

Ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n osù kẹjọ ọdún 1985 ni Babangida lè Buhari kúrò lórí ipò tí pẹ̀lú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Osita |first1=Agbu |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Anai%3Adiva-582 |title=The Politics of Opposition in Contemporary Africa |publisher=Nordiska Afrikainstitutet |year=1998 |editor-last=Olukoshi |editor-first=Abedayo O. |chapter=Political Opposition and Democratic Transitions in Nigeria, 1985-1996}}&lt;/ref&gt;Lẹ́yìn tí  Babangida bọ́ sípò tán, ó dá [[Armed Forces Ruling Council (Nigeria)|Armed Forces Ruling Council]] sílẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alábòójútó ìjọba ológun tí yóò rí sí ìdápadà ìjọba fún àwọn olóṣèlú àwa-ara-wa èyí tí wọ́n gbèrò wípé yóò wáyé ní oṣù kẹwá ọdún 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Suberu|first1=Rotimi T.|date=1 May 1994|title=The Democratic Recession in Nigeria|journal=Current History|volume=93|issue=583|pages=213–218|doi=10.1525/curh.1994.93.583.213 |s2cid=140298521 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìjọba Babangida dá ilé-isẹ́ elétò ìdìbò ti ''National Electoral Commission'' (NEC) sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1987 kí wọ́n lè rí sí ètò ìdìbò gbogbo-gbò náà. Babangida tún dà [[Nigerian Political Bureau of 1986]] kí wọ́n lè fún ìjọba àti aje elétò ìdìbò ní ìmọ̀rán tí ó péye lórí ìdìbò ọ̀hún.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Okoroji|first1=Joseph C.|date=November 1993|title=The Nigerian Presidential Elections|journal=Review of African Political Economy|volume=20|issue=58|pages=123–131|doi=10.1080/03056249308704029|jstor=4006115|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ajọ ''Nigerian Political Bureau'' gba ìjọba ní ìmọ̀ràn wípé yóò da kí wọ́n dà ẹgbé ìṣèlú láàyè kí ẹlẹ́yà-mẹ̀yà àti ẹlẹ́sìn-ò-jẹ̀sìn ó lè dínkù nínú ètò ìṣèlú orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Fúndí èyí, Babangida dá ìṣípò-rọpò agbára fún ìjọba awa ara wa dúró di ọdún 1992 sí osù  kínní ọdún 1993. It wre finally being set for 27 August 1993.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Obi-Ani|first1=Paul|last2=Obi-Ani|first2=Ngozika A.|date=December 2010|title=Annulment of June 12, 1993 Presidential Election: A Reappraisal|journal=International Journal of Communication|volume=12|pages=1–15}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Láti lè mú kí ètò ìṣèlú ó dúró o re, ìjọba tún dá ìpínlẹ̀  mẹ́sàn an mọ́ mọ́kànlélógún tí ó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀ láàrín ọdún 1987 sí 1991. Bákan náà ni wọ́n ṣe alékún ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ sí ọgọ́rùn mẹ́fà. Ọdún 1987 sí 1991 ni wọ́n dìbò ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n dìbò àwọn ilé-aṣòfin àgbà ati ile aṣòfin kékeré ní ọdún 1991 ati 1992.&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt; 
Ìjọba Babangida fòpin de àwọn olóṣèlú àwa-ara-wa ẹlẹ́ẹ̀krjì  àti àwọn ológun láti kópa nínú ìṣèlú ìjọba àwa-ara-wa ti ẹlẹ́kẹta èyí wọ́n ṣètò rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Nwokedi|first1=Emeka|date=April 1994|title=Nigeria's Democratic Transition: Explaining the Annulled 1993 Presidential Election|journal=The Round Table|volume=83|issue=330|pages=189–204|doi=10.1080/00358539408454202}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lásìkò yí, ìjọba Babangida tún dojú ìdìtẹ̀-gbàjọba tí ó fẹ́ tọwọ́ [[Mamman Vasta]] àti [[Gideon Orka]] wáyé ní ọdún 1990. Nígbà tí ó di ọdún 1992, ìfọmọ oyè sílẹ̀ fún ìdìbò Aàrẹ bẹ̀rẹ̀, àsìkò yìí ni Babangida yí orúkọ  ''The Armed Forces Rulling Council'' padà sí ''National Defence and Securtiy Council and a Civilian Transitional Council'' tí wọ́n fi [[Earnest Sonekan]] tí ó jẹ́ èyàn pàtàkì ọmọ ilẹ̀ Ẹgbá ṣe adarí rẹ̀.  &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>nm3ncqoquxvk2ypk285dlvz8s3vjp9s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìkún omi ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa ní ọdún 2022</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80372</id>
    <revision>
      <id>622252</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T11:32:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ToluT15</username>
        <id>33915</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O ti ṣẹ̀dá àyọkà nípa ṣíṣe ògbufọ̀ ojú-ewé &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345984478|2022 Adamawa State flood]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>622252</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9729" sha1="6cfu1mv5od3awy3oeh5mhljalx4vrye" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; {{Infobox flood|name=2022 Adamawa State flood|image=Yola-bridge-under.jpg|image_size=300px|caption=Yola Bridge during the flood|duration=September 2022|fatalities=25|damages=Houses, farmlands and other properties|affected=[[Adamawa State]], [[Nigeria]]|cause=[[Rainfall|Heavy rainfall]], [[River overflow]], Dam spill}}

'''Ìkún omi ti ipinlẹ Adamawa ti ọdun 2022''' jẹ́ àjálù àdánidá kan tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, Nàìjíríà, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022. Ó kan ilẹ̀ tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́ta (30,000) kìlómítà onígun mẹ́rin ó sì fi nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù mẹ́fà (6.6 mílíọ̀nù) ènìyàn sí ewu tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀. Ìkún omi náà wáyé nítorí òjò líle koko àti bí omi ṣe ń ṣàn láti àwọn òkè ńlá Cameroon. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 August 2023|title=Adamawa flood claims five, agency sensitises residents|url=https://punchng.com/adamawa-flood-claims-five-agency-sensitises-residents/|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó yọrí sí ikú mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n, ìpalára mẹ́jọ, àti ìṣípò àwọn ènìyàn 131,638. Ó tún bo àwọn agbègbè mẹ́tàléláàdọ́jọ mọ́lẹ̀, ó sì ba àwọn ilé, oko àti àwọn dúkìá mìíràn jẹ́. Ìkún omi náà fi hàn pé agbègbè náà kò lè fara mọ́ irú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀, ó sì tún fi hàn pé ó yẹ kí a múra sílẹ̀ dáadáa, kí a sì dín àwọn nǹkan tí a lè ṣe kù.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Ugwu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 July 2023|title=Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023, agbègbè àríwá-ìlà-oòrùn Nàìjíríà ní ìrírí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi, tí a mọ̀ sí ìtújáde omi láti Lagdo Dam ní Cameroon. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ Àjọ Àgbáyé fún Ìṣíkiri (IOM), ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí yọrí sí ìbàjẹ́ ńlá nínú ètò ìṣiṣẹ́, ó lé ní ilé 8,504 tí ó sì pa ènìyàn metalelogbon, tí ó jẹ́ pàtàkì jùlọ àwọn obìnrin, àwọn ọmọdé, àti àwọn àgbàlagbà.

== Àwọn okùnfà ==
Ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa ní ọdún 2022 ló fa ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, irú bí òjò líle, àkún omi odò, àti ìtújáde omi ní Cameroon ní àsìkò òjò. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri Orílẹ̀-èdè (NEMA) ti sọ, ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí fa ìkún omi líle ní ìpínlẹ̀ 31 lára ​​36 ti àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè Nigeria, pẹ̀lú Adamawa tí ó wà lára ​​àwọn tí ó ní ipa jùlọ nínú rẹ̀.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Ugwu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 July 2023|title=Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUgwu2023&quot;&gt;Ugwu, Francis (5 July 2023). [https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/ &quot;Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities&quot;]. ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Lagos, Nigeria&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;31 October&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ohun tó fa ìkún omi náà ni bí omi ṣe ń ṣàn láti àwọn òkè ńláńlá Cameroon, èyí tó ń ṣàn wọ inú Odò Benue àti àwọn odò rẹ̀. Omi Odò Benue pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, ó ju agbára rẹ̀ lọ, ó sì kún bo etí bèbè rẹ̀. Omi tó ń jáde láti Lagdo Dam ní Cameroon burú sí i, èyí tó mú kí odò náà túbọ̀ wúwo sí i. &lt;ref name=&quot;Okafor&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=9 October 2023|title=NEMA Warns Anambra Of Flood As Cameroon Opens Dam|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/nema-warns-anambra-of-flood-as-cameroon-opens-dam/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ohun mìíràn tó fa ìkún omi náà ni òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa àti àwọn apá ibòmíràn ní Nàìjíríà nígbà òjò. Òjò náà ju òjò ọdọọdún lọ, ó sì kún ilẹ̀, ó dín agbára ìwọ̀lé rẹ̀ kù, ó sì ń mú kí omi tó ń ṣàn jáde pọ̀ sí i. Òjò náà kó jọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kún omi tó ń gbá ilé, oko àti àwọn ohun ìní mìíràn lọ. 

== Ipa ==
Ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa ní ọdún 2022 ní ipa búburú lórí ìgbésí ayé àti ìgbésí ayé àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè tí ó ní ìṣòro náà. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí NEMA ti sọ, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022, ìkún omi náà yọrí sí ikú ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n tí ó sì pa ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n lára. Àwọn ènìyàn 131,638 míràn ni wọ́n lé kúrò nílé wọn wọ́n sì wá ààbò sí àgọ́ tàbí pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹbí àti ọ̀rẹ́. Ìkún omi náà tún bo àwọn agbègbè mẹ́tàléláàdọ́jọ mọ́lẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ méjìlá (LGA) ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, èyí sì kan nǹkan bí ènìyàn 260,000. 

Ìkún omi náà tún fa ìbàjẹ́ púpọ̀ sí àwọn ẹ̀ka ètò àgbékalẹ̀, iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn ẹ̀ka mìíràn. Ó ba àwọn ilé, ojú ọ̀nà, afárá, ilé ìwé, àwọn ilé ìlera, àti àwọn ohun èlò ìlera gbogbogbòò jẹ́ tàbí ó ba wọ́n jẹ́. Ó tún gbá àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn, ẹran ọ̀sìn, oúnjẹ àti àwọn dúkìá mìíràn lọ. Ìkún omi náà ba àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ọrọ̀ ajé jẹ́, bíi iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀, ẹja pípa, ìṣòwò, àti ìrìnnà. Ó tún mú kí ewu àwọn àrùn tí ń bẹ nínú omi, bíi kọ́lẹ́rà àti typhoid pọ̀ sí i. 

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí NEMA ṣe sọ, ìkún omi ní ọdún 2023 yọrí sí ìṣípò àwọn olùgbé ibẹ̀, èyí sì fi àwọn ilẹ̀ oko àti àwọn ètò ìṣiṣẹ́ sínú ewu. Lápapọ̀, ènìyàn 159,157 ló ní ipa lórí, ènìyàn mejidinlogbon kú, àti ènìyàn 48,168 ni wọ́n ti lé kúrò nílé ní ìpínlẹ̀ metala ní gbogbo Nàìjíríà.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Aworinde 2023 l346&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Aworinde|first=Oluwatobi|title=Flooding: NEMA Alerts Adamawa, Edo, Taraba, Six Other States|date=8 October 2023|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/10/08/flooding-nema-alerts-states-adamawa-taraba-edo-six-other-states/|access-date=2 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìdáhùn ìrànlọ́wọ́ ènìyàn ==
Ní ìdáhùn sí ipò ìkún omi, NEMA àti àwọn olùrànlọ́wọ́ mìíràn ló bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbìmọ̀ amúṣẹ́ṣepọ̀ fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀ka-ẹ̀ka Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) láti yanjú àwọn àlàfo ìmọ̀ àti láti ṣètò àwọn ìsapá ìrànlọ́wọ́. RNA náà ní èrò láti pèsè àkópọ̀ gbogbo nípa àwọn àìní, àwọn àìlera, agbára, àti àwọn àlàfo ní àwọn agbègbè tí ó ní ipa. RNA náà bo àwọn ẹ̀ka mẹ́fà: ibùgbé àti àwọn ohun èlò tí kì í ṣe oúnjẹ (NFIs), ààbò oúnjẹ àti ìgbésí ayé (FSL), ìlera, ìmọ́tótó omi àti ìmọ́tótó (WASH), ààbò, àti ẹ̀kọ́. 

Láti inú àwọn àwárí RNA, NEMA àti àwọn alábàáṣiṣẹ́pọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́ mìíràn ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ pajawiri fún àwọn ènìyàn tí ó ní ìṣòro náà. Èyí ní nínú pípín àwọn ohun ìrànlọ́wọ́ bí àgọ́, matiresi, aṣọ ìbora, àwọ̀n efon, àwọn ohun èlò ìse oúnjẹ, àwọn ohun èlò ìmọ́tótó, àti oúnjẹ. Ó tún ní nínú pípèsè àwọn iṣẹ́ ìlera, bíi àwọn ilé ìwòsàn tí ń gbé kiri, àjẹsára, àti ìṣọ́ra àrùn. Ó tún ní nínú mímú kí ìpèsè omi, ìmọ́tótó àti àwọn ohun èlò ìmọ́tótó sunwọ̀n síi, bí àwọn ihò omi, ilé ìgbọ̀nsẹ̀, àti àwọn ibùdó fífọ ọwọ́. Ó tún ní nínú ṣíṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ ààbò, bíi fíforúkọsílẹ̀ àti wíwá àwọn tí a ti lé kúrò nílé, pípèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́ nípa ọpọlọ, àti dídènà ìwà ipá tí ó dá lórí ìbálòpọ̀. Ó tún ní nínú mímú àwọn iṣẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ padà bọ̀ sípò, bíi ṣíṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ilé ìwé, pípèsè àwọn ohun èlò ẹ̀kọ́, àti kíkọ́ àwọn olùkọ́. 

== Àbójútó tí ń lọ lọ́wọ́ ==
Wọ́n ròyìn pé wọ́n ń ṣọ́ àwọn ipò tó yí ìkún omi yìí ká dáadáa, wọ́n sì ń retí àwọn ìròyìn síwájú sí i lórí ipò náà. Ẹgbẹ́ kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ National Emergency Management Agency, Adamawa State Emergency Management Agency, àti Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency ṣe ìrìn àjò àyẹ̀wò sí odò Bakin Kogi ní [[Jimeta]] láti ṣe àyẹ̀wò ipele omi fún ìkún omi tó ṣeé ṣe. Wọ́n rí i pé ìwọ̀n omi náà ga tó mítà 8.0 ní agogo mẹ́wàá àárọ̀ ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2023. Lẹ́yìn náà, ẹgbẹ́ náà kan sí egbẹ́ Ọmọ- ogun Ọlọ́pàá Omi ti Nigeria fún ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti dáhùn sí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi náà.  

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ìpínlẹ̀ Adámáwá]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>6cfu1mv5od3awy3oeh5mhljalx4vrye</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>622254</id>
      <parentid>622252</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-13T11:32:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Quinlan83</username>
        <id>22370</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fix</comment>
      <origin>622254</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9728" sha1="oxlhisaimcu7ityg12nsouq3p9dwwsm" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; {{Infobox flood|name=2022 Adamawa State flood|image=Yola-bridge-under.jpg|image_size=300px|caption=Yola Bridge during the flood|duration=September 2022|fatalities=25|damages=Houses, farmlands and other properties|affected=[[Adamawa State]], [[Nigeria]]|cause=[[Rainfall|Heavy rainfall]], [[River overflow]], Dam spill}}

'''Ìkún omi ti ipinlẹ Adamawa ti ọdun 2022''' jẹ́ àjálù àdánidá kan tó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, Nàìjíríà, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022. Ó kan ilẹ̀ tó tó ẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́ta (30,000) kìlómítà onígun mẹ́rin ó sì fi nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù mẹ́fà (6.6 mílíọ̀nù) ènìyàn sí ewu tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀. Ìkún omi náà wáyé nítorí òjò líle koko àti bí omi ṣe ń ṣàn láti àwọn òkè ńlá Cameroon. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 August 2023|title=Adamawa flood claims five, agency sensitises residents|url=https://punchng.com/adamawa-flood-claims-five-agency-sensitises-residents/|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó yọrí sí ikú mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n, ìpalára mẹ́jọ, àti ìṣípò àwọn ènìyàn 131,638. Ó tún bo àwọn agbègbè mẹ́tàléláàdọ́jọ mọ́lẹ̀, ó sì ba àwọn ilé, oko àti àwọn dúkìá mìíràn jẹ́. Ìkún omi náà fi hàn pé agbègbè náà kò lè fara mọ́ irú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀, ó sì tún fi hàn pé ó yẹ kí a múra sílẹ̀ dáadáa, kí a sì dín àwọn nǹkan tí a lè ṣe kù.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Ugwu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 July 2023|title=Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2023, agbègbè àríwá-ìlà-oòrùn Nàìjíríà ní ìrírí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi, tí a mọ̀ sí ìtújáde omi láti Lagdo Dam ní Cameroon. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ Àjọ Àgbáyé fún Ìṣíkiri (IOM), ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí yọrí sí ìbàjẹ́ ńlá nínú ètò ìṣiṣẹ́, ó lé ní ilé 8,504 tí ó sì pa ènìyàn metalelogbon, tí ó jẹ́ pàtàkì jùlọ àwọn obìnrin, àwọn ọmọdé, àti àwọn àgbàlagbà.

== Àwọn okùnfà ==
Ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa ní ọdún 2022 ló fa ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, irú bí òjò líle, àkún omi odò, àti ìtújáde omi ní Cameroon ní àsìkò òjò. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìròyìn láti ọ̀dọ̀ Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìṣàkóso Pajawiri Orílẹ̀-èdè (NEMA) ti sọ, ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí fa ìkún omi líle ní ìpínlẹ̀ 31 lára ​​36 ti àpapọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè Nigeria, pẹ̀lú Adamawa tí ó wà lára ​​àwọn tí ó ní ipa jùlọ nínú rẹ̀.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Ugwu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 July 2023|title=Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities|url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFUgwu2023&quot;&gt;Ugwu, Francis (5 July 2023). [https://dailypost.ng/2023/07/05/flood-alert-nema-cautions-14-states-31-communities/ &quot;Flood alert: NEMA cautions 14 states, 31 communities&quot;]. ''[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]''. Lagos, Nigeria&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;31 October&lt;/span&gt; 2023&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ohun tó fa ìkún omi náà ni bí omi ṣe ń ṣàn láti àwọn òkè ńláńlá Cameroon, èyí tó ń ṣàn wọ inú Odò Benue àti àwọn odò rẹ̀. Omi Odò Benue pọ̀ sí i gidigidi, ó ju agbára rẹ̀ lọ, ó sì kún bo etí bèbè rẹ̀. Omi tó ń jáde láti Lagdo Dam ní Cameroon burú sí i, èyí tó mú kí odò náà túbọ̀ wúwo sí i. &lt;ref name=&quot;Okafor&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=9 October 2023|title=NEMA Warns Anambra Of Flood As Cameroon Opens Dam|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/nema-warns-anambra-of-flood-as-cameroon-opens-dam/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=31 October 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ohun mìíràn tó fa ìkún omi náà ni òjò ńlá tó rọ̀ ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa àti àwọn apá ibòmíràn ní Nàìjíríà nígbà òjò. Òjò náà ju òjò ọdọọdún lọ, ó sì kún ilẹ̀, ó dín agbára ìwọ̀lé rẹ̀ kù, ó sì ń mú kí omi tó ń ṣàn jáde pọ̀ sí i. Òjò náà kó jọ sí àwọn agbègbè tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kún omi tó ń gbá ilé, oko àti àwọn ohun ìní mìíràn lọ. 

== Ipa ==
Ìkún omi ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa ní ọdún 2022 ní ipa búburú lórí ìgbésí ayé àti ìgbésí ayé àwọn ènìyàn ní àwọn agbègbè tí ó ní ìṣòro náà. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí NEMA ti sọ, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2022, ìkún omi náà yọrí sí ikú ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n tí ó sì pa ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n lára. Àwọn ènìyàn 131,638 míràn ni wọ́n lé kúrò nílé wọn wọ́n sì wá ààbò sí àgọ́ tàbí pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹbí àti ọ̀rẹ́. Ìkún omi náà tún bo àwọn agbègbè mẹ́tàléláàdọ́jọ mọ́lẹ̀ ní àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ méjìlá (LGA) ní ìpínlẹ̀ Adamawa, èyí sì kan nǹkan bí ènìyàn 260,000. 

Ìkún omi náà tún fa ìbàjẹ́ púpọ̀ sí àwọn ẹ̀ka ètò àgbékalẹ̀, iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn ẹ̀ka mìíràn. Ó ba àwọn ilé, ojú ọ̀nà, afárá, ilé ìwé, àwọn ilé ìlera, àti àwọn ohun èlò ìlera gbogbogbòò jẹ́ tàbí ó ba wọ́n jẹ́. Ó tún gbá àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn, ẹran ọ̀sìn, oúnjẹ àti àwọn dúkìá mìíràn lọ. Ìkún omi náà ba àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ọrọ̀ ajé jẹ́, bíi iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀, ẹja pípa, ìṣòwò, àti ìrìnnà. Ó tún mú kí ewu àwọn àrùn tí ń bẹ nínú omi, bíi kọ́lẹ́rà àti typhoid pọ̀ sí i. 

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí NEMA ṣe sọ, ìkún omi ní ọdún 2023 yọrí sí ìṣípò àwọn olùgbé ibẹ̀, èyí sì fi àwọn ilẹ̀ oko àti àwọn ètò ìṣiṣẹ́ sínú ewu. Lápapọ̀, ènìyàn 159,157 ló ní ipa lórí, ènìyàn mejidinlogbon kú, àti ènìyàn 48,168 ni wọ́n ti lé kúrò nílé ní ìpínlẹ̀ metala ní gbogbo Nàìjíríà.  &lt;ref name=&quot;Aworinde 2023 l346&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Aworinde|first=Oluwatobi|title=Flooding: NEMA Alerts Adamawa, Edo, Taraba, Six Other States|date=8 October 2023|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2023/10/08/flooding-nema-alerts-states-adamawa-taraba-edo-six-other-states/|access-date=2 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìdáhùn ìrànlọ́wọ́ ènìyàn ==
Ní ìdáhùn sí ipò ìkún omi, NEMA àti àwọn olùrànlọ́wọ́ mìíràn ló bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbìmọ̀ amúṣẹ́ṣepọ̀ fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹ̀ka-ẹ̀ka Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) láti yanjú àwọn àlàfo ìmọ̀ àti láti ṣètò àwọn ìsapá ìrànlọ́wọ́. RNA náà ní èrò láti pèsè àkópọ̀ gbogbo nípa àwọn àìní, àwọn àìlera, agbára, àti àwọn àlàfo ní àwọn agbègbè tí ó ní ipa. RNA náà bo àwọn ẹ̀ka mẹ́fà: ibùgbé àti àwọn ohun èlò tí kì í ṣe oúnjẹ (NFIs), ààbò oúnjẹ àti ìgbésí ayé (FSL), ìlera, ìmọ́tótó omi àti ìmọ́tótó (WASH), ààbò, àti ẹ̀kọ́. 

Láti inú àwọn àwárí RNA, NEMA àti àwọn alábàáṣiṣẹ́pọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́ mìíràn ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ pajawiri fún àwọn ènìyàn tí ó ní ìṣòro náà. Èyí ní nínú pípín àwọn ohun ìrànlọ́wọ́ bí àgọ́, matiresi, aṣọ ìbora, àwọ̀n efon, àwọn ohun èlò ìse oúnjẹ, àwọn ohun èlò ìmọ́tótó, àti oúnjẹ. Ó tún ní nínú pípèsè àwọn iṣẹ́ ìlera, bíi àwọn ilé ìwòsàn tí ń gbé kiri, àjẹsára, àti ìṣọ́ra àrùn. Ó tún ní nínú mímú kí ìpèsè omi, ìmọ́tótó àti àwọn ohun èlò ìmọ́tótó sunwọ̀n síi, bí àwọn ihò omi, ilé ìgbọ̀nsẹ̀, àti àwọn ibùdó fífọ ọwọ́. Ó tún ní nínú ṣíṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ ààbò, bíi fíforúkọsílẹ̀ àti wíwá àwọn tí a ti lé kúrò nílé, pípèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́ nípa ọpọlọ, àti dídènà ìwà ipá tí ó dá lórí ìbálòpọ̀. Ó tún ní nínú mímú àwọn iṣẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ padà bọ̀ sípò, bíi ṣíṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ilé ìwé, pípèsè àwọn ohun èlò ẹ̀kọ́, àti kíkọ́ àwọn olùkọ́. 

== Àbójútó tí ń lọ lọ́wọ́ ==
Wọ́n ròyìn pé wọ́n ń ṣọ́ àwọn ipò tó yí ìkún omi yìí ká dáadáa, wọ́n sì ń retí àwọn ìròyìn síwájú sí i lórí ipò náà. Ẹgbẹ́ kan láti ọ̀dọ̀ National Emergency Management Agency, Adamawa State Emergency Management Agency, àti Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency ṣe ìrìn àjò àyẹ̀wò sí odò Bakin Kogi ní [[Jimeta]] láti ṣe àyẹ̀wò ipele omi fún ìkún omi tó ṣeé ṣe. Wọ́n rí i pé ìwọ̀n omi náà ga tó mítà 8.0 ní agogo mẹ́wàá àárọ̀ ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2023. Lẹ́yìn náà, ẹgbẹ́ náà kan sí egbẹ́ Ọmọ- ogun Ọlọ́pàá Omi ti Nigeria fún ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti dáhùn sí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìkún omi náà.  

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ìpínlẹ̀ Adámáwá]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>oxlhisaimcu7ityg12nsouq3p9dwwsm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>