Karla Peijs

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  <page>
    <title>Karla Peijs</title>
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      <text bytes="1788" sha1="jkjq31if56wduaulluq1s0mob4l4vhp" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Peijs en veerman bij trein met LL blokken 23102006 klein.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Karla Peijs''' ([[Tilburg]], 1 september [[1944]]) is 'n Nederlandse politica voe 't [[CDA]]. 

Van 1982 toet 1989 was Peijs lid van de [[Provinciaole Staeten]] van [[Utrecht (provincie)|Utrecht]]. Van 1989 toet 2003 was ze voe diezelven partij lid van ´t [[Europeês Parlement]]. In 't [[kabinet-Balkenende II]] en 't [[kabinet-Balkenende III]] was ze minister van Verkeer en Waeterstaet. 

Van 1 maerte 2007 toet 28 feberwari 2013 was ze [[Commissaoris van de Konienginne|Commissaoris van de Konihinne]] in [[Zeêland]], as opvolger van [[Wim van Gelder (CDA)|Wim van Gelder]]. Ze wier opgevolgd deu [[Han Polman]].

==Opleidieng==
Peijs ei der hymnasium-diploma eheêln en iernae studeern ze economische en orhanisaotiesociolohie an de [[Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen]] en an de [[Vrieë Universiteit Amsterdam]]. Der doctoraolexaom´n a se in 1985. Van 1985 toet 1989 was ze ok docente economie an de Hoheschool Utrecht.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20200809165938/https://www.parlement.com/id/vged2yzdhy65/k_m_h_karla_peijs Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Karla_Peijs Encyclopedie van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Wim van Gelder (CDA)|Wim van Gelder]]
| 2007 — 2013
| [[Han Polman]]
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Peijs, Karla}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Europarlementariër]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Utrecht (gemeênte)</title>
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      <text bytes="7487" sha1="mg9618vdjotf8ch2f38plz2i688scf3" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Utrecht
|dialect1       = Utrechts
|naam1          = Ut(e)reg
|dialect2       = 
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0344 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Utrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Utrecht (provincie)
|streek1        = Kromme Rijnstreek
|streek2        = [[Vechtstreek]]
|hoofdplaats    = Utrecht (stad)
|oppervlakte    = 99
|oppervlakte1   = 94
|oppervlakte2   = 5
|inwoners       = 377.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 4018
|graden         = {{Koord|52|5|N|5|7|L}}
}}
'''Utrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en stad in de [[Utrecht (provincie)|gelieknaemige provincie]]. De gemeênte ei 377.000 inweuners, de stad 326.000. Tis de oôdstad van de provincie en de vierde stad van [[Nederland]]. 

De gemeênte onderscheit gin aore durpskernen, mae de ouwe durpen [[Vleuten]], [[Den Meern]] en [[Haerzulens]] bin nog dudelik te erkennen.

Utrecht is in 1954 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Zulen]] (groôtendeêls) en in 2001 mie de gemeênte [[Vleuten-Den Meern]] en de plekke-polder [[Rijnenburg]] van de gemeênte [[Nieuwegein]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=wikitable
|- valign=top
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Utrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Den Meern]]
* [[Haerzulens]]
* Utrecht
* [[Vleuten]]
|}

== Stadsfuncties ==
Utrecht is as vierde stad van groôt belang in zoôwel andel as industrie. Deu zien centraole liggienge is 't 'n vreêd belangriek verkeersknoôppunt mee 'n groôt station. De [[Universiteit Utrecht]] is mee meer as 20.000 studenten de groôtste van Nederland. Ok is Utrecht zetel van de kattelieke [[aertsbischop]]. Utrecht ei 'n primaire verzurgiengsfunctie vo eel de regio en wat minder ok vò 't eêle land: zoô is ier de Jaerbeuze gevestegd.

== Geschiedenisse ==
Utrecht is reeds deu de Romeinen esticht. Op en rond het huujege Domplein is de plekke weer de Romeinen rond 50 n.Chr. het castellum Traiectum van hout en aerde bouwende. Dit fort was ongerdeel van de verdedigingsgordel langs de noordgrens van het Romeinse Rijk, de zogenaemde limes. 

In 690 stichtende de Angelsaksische zendelieng Willibrord binnen de verlaete grenspost Utrecht twee kerreken, weer laeter nog een dorden an wier toe'evoegd.

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_UT.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan=10 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 14
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[GL]]
|
| 9 || 12 || 9
| 10 || 8 || 8
| 9 || 9 || 8
|-
| [[PvdA]]
|
| 4 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 14 || 7
| 9 || 9 || 13
|-
| [[D66]]
| 9
| 8 || 10 || 13
| 9 || 3 || 1
| 3 || 9 || 8
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 5
| 5 || 6 || 5
| 7 || 5 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 4
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 3
| 3 || 2 || 3
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 6 || 10
|-
| [[PvdD]]
| 2
| 3 || 2 || 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[DENK]]
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[Volt]]
| 1
| 3 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Student &amp; Starter
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[BIJ1]]
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 1 ||  || 
|-
| [[JA21]]
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| EenUtrecht
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Stadsbelang Utrecht
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 2
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[FVD]]
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Utrecht Solidair 
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| UtrechtNu!
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[SP]]
|
| 1 || 2 || 4
| 3 || 5 || 3
| 3 || 2 || 1
|-
| [[PVV]]
|
| 1 || 1 || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Stadspartij Leefbaar Utrecht
|
|  ||  || 
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Trots op Nederland 
|
|  ||  || 
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Leefbaar Utrecht 
|
|  ||  || 
|  || 3 || 14
| 9 ||  || 
|-
| Burger en Gemeenschap
|
|  ||  || 
|  || 1 || 2
|  ||  || 
|-
| Nederlands Blok
|
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
| 1 || 1 || 
|-
| Centrumdemocraten
|
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  || 3 || 1
|-
! Totael 
! 45
! 45 || 45 || 45 
! 45 || 45 || 45 
! 45 || 45 || 45
|-
! Opkomst
! 61%
! 56% || 59% || 54% 
! 53% || 54% || 44% 
! 57% || 60% || 54%
|-
|}

¹ 1998: GPV + RPF

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Utrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-van-Utrecht/7795 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie / stroômieng || Biezonderheên
|-
| 1891 - 1908
| Bernardus Reiger
| liberaol
|
|-
| 1908 - 1914
| Alexander Frederik van Lynden
| 
|
|-
| 1914 - 1933
| Joachimus Pieter Fockema Andreae
| liberaol
| 1933-1937 commissaoris van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 1934 - 1942
| Gerhard ter Pelkwijk
| 
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Cornelis van Ravenswaay
| [[NSB]]
| 1941-1942 burhemeêster van [[Zaendam]]
|-
| 1945 - 1948
| Gerhard ter Pelkwijk
| 
|
|-
| 1948 - 1970
| Coen de Ranitz
| 
|
|-
| 1970 - 1974
| Hans van Tuyll van Serooskerken
| [[VVD]]
| 1964-1970 burhemeêster van [[Zoetermeer]]
|-
| 1974 - 1980
| [[Henk Vonhoff]]
| VVD
| 1980-1996 commissaoris van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 1981 - 1992
| Lien Vos-van Gortel
| VVD
| 1974-1981 wetouwer van [[Den 'Aeg]]
|-
| 1992 - 1999
| [[Ivo Opstelten]]
| VVD
| 1999-2008 burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]] &lt;br&gt; 2010-2015 minister
|-
| 1999 - 2007
| Annie Brouwer-Korf
| [[PvdA]]
| 1994-1999 burhemeêster van [[Amersfoôrt]]
|-
| 2008 - 2013
| Aleid Wolfsen
| PvdA
| 2016-noe veuzitter Autoriteit Persoônshehevens
|-
| 2014 - 2020
| [[Jan van Zanen]]
| VVD
| 1998-2005 wetouwer van Utrecht &lt;br&gt; 2020-noe burhemeêster van [[Den 'Aeg]]
|-
| 2020 - 2020
| Peter den Oudsten
| PvdA
| waernemend &lt;br&gt; 2005-2014 burhemeêster van [[Enschede]] &lt;br&gt; 2015-2019 burhemeêster van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 2020 - noe
| [[Sharon Dijksma]]
| PvdA
| 2007-2010, 2012-2017 staetssecretaoris &lt;br&gt; 2018-2020 wetouwer van [[Amsterdam]]
|-
|}

== Trivia ==
* Utrecht stoôt op plekke vuuf van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bekende inweuners ==
* [[Ismail el Abassi]], voeballer, amtenaer en politicus (raedslid)
* [[Frans Andriessen]], politicus
* [[Mirjam Bikker]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Dick Bruna]], schriever-tekenaer
* [[Wim van Eekelen]], diplomaet, amtenaer en politicus
* [[Wim van Gelder (PvdA)]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Constantijn Jansen op de Haar]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Abraham Kuyper]], predikant, journalist en politicus (premier)
* [[Yvonne van Mastrigt]], pliesiefunctionaoris en politicus
* [[Wullem-Alexander der Nederlan'n]], konienk
* [[Paus Adrianus VI]]
* [[Hans Spekman]], bestierder en politicus (wetouwer)
* [[Jan Terlouw]], kernfysicus, kinderboek'nschriever en politicus (raedslid)
* [[Stientje van Veldhoven]], amtenaer, diplomaot en politicus
* [[Cor de Vos]], politicus
* [[Geert Wilders]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Jan van Zanen]], politicus (wetouwer, burgemeêster)

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.utrecht.nl/ Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220616080252/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/utrecht-gemeente Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/utrecht/ AlleCijfers]
* [https://historiek.net/thema/utrecht/ Historiek]
* [https://www.geschiedenisextra.nl/nl/utrecht.htm GeschiedenisExtra]

{{Provincie Utrecht}}

[[Categorie:Utrecht (gemeênte)| ]]
[[Categorie:Stad in Utrecht]]</text>
      <sha1>mg9618vdjotf8ch2f38plz2i688scf3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174804</id>
      <parentid>174801</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:47:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Bekende inweuners */</comment>
      <origin>174804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7522" sha1="jf5aavbbqigrweps20ig1h6ko982ruo" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Utrecht
|dialect1       = Utrechts
|naam1          = Ut(e)reg
|dialect2       = 
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0344 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Utrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Utrecht (provincie)
|streek1        = Kromme Rijnstreek
|streek2        = [[Vechtstreek]]
|hoofdplaats    = Utrecht (stad)
|oppervlakte    = 99
|oppervlakte1   = 94
|oppervlakte2   = 5
|inwoners       = 377.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 4018
|graden         = {{Koord|52|5|N|5|7|L}}
}}
'''Utrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en stad in de [[Utrecht (provincie)|gelieknaemige provincie]]. De gemeênte ei 377.000 inweuners, de stad 326.000. Tis de oôdstad van de provincie en de vierde stad van [[Nederland]]. 

De gemeênte onderscheit gin aore durpskernen, mae de ouwe durpen [[Vleuten]], [[Den Meern]] en [[Haerzulens]] bin nog dudelik te erkennen.

Utrecht is in 1954 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Zulen]] (groôtendeêls) en in 2001 mie de gemeênte [[Vleuten-Den Meern]] en de plekke-polder [[Rijnenburg]] van de gemeênte [[Nieuwegein]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=wikitable
|- valign=top
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Utrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Den Meern]]
* [[Haerzulens]]
* Utrecht
* [[Vleuten]]
|}

== Stadsfuncties ==
Utrecht is as vierde stad van groôt belang in zoôwel andel as industrie. Deu zien centraole liggienge is 't 'n vreêd belangriek verkeersknoôppunt mee 'n groôt station. De [[Universiteit Utrecht]] is mee meer as 20.000 studenten de groôtste van Nederland. Ok is Utrecht zetel van de kattelieke [[aertsbischop]]. Utrecht ei 'n primaire verzurgiengsfunctie vo eel de regio en wat minder ok vò 't eêle land: zoô is ier de Jaerbeuze gevestegd.

== Geschiedenisse ==
Utrecht is reeds deu de Romeinen esticht. Op en rond het huujege Domplein is de plekke weer de Romeinen rond 50 n.Chr. het castellum Traiectum van hout en aerde bouwende. Dit fort was ongerdeel van de verdedigingsgordel langs de noordgrens van het Romeinse Rijk, de zogenaemde limes. 

In 690 stichtende de Angelsaksische zendelieng Willibrord binnen de verlaete grenspost Utrecht twee kerreken, weer laeter nog een dorden an wier toe'evoegd.

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_UT.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan=10 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 14
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[GL]]
|
| 9 || 12 || 9
| 10 || 8 || 8
| 9 || 9 || 8
|-
| [[PvdA]]
|
| 4 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 14 || 7
| 9 || 9 || 13
|-
| [[D66]]
| 9
| 8 || 10 || 13
| 9 || 3 || 1
| 3 || 9 || 8
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 5
| 5 || 6 || 5
| 7 || 5 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 4
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 3
| 3 || 2 || 3
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 6 || 10
|-
| [[PvdD]]
| 2
| 3 || 2 || 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[DENK]]
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[Volt]]
| 1
| 3 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Student &amp; Starter
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[BIJ1]]
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 1 ||  || 
|-
| [[JA21]]
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| EenUtrecht
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Stadsbelang Utrecht
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 2
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[FVD]]
| 1
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Utrecht Solidair 
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| UtrechtNu!
| 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[SP]]
|
| 1 || 2 || 4
| 3 || 5 || 3
| 3 || 2 || 1
|-
| [[PVV]]
|
| 1 || 1 || 
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Stadspartij Leefbaar Utrecht
|
|  ||  || 
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Trots op Nederland 
|
|  ||  || 
| 1 ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| Leefbaar Utrecht 
|
|  ||  || 
|  || 3 || 14
| 9 ||  || 
|-
| Burger en Gemeenschap
|
|  ||  || 
|  || 1 || 2
|  ||  || 
|-
| Nederlands Blok
|
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
| 1 || 1 || 
|-
| Centrumdemocraten
|
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|  || 3 || 1
|-
! Totael 
! 45
! 45 || 45 || 45 
! 45 || 45 || 45 
! 45 || 45 || 45
|-
! Opkomst
! 61%
! 56% || 59% || 54% 
! 53% || 54% || 44% 
! 57% || 60% || 54%
|-
|}

¹ 1998: GPV + RPF

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Utrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-van-Utrecht/7795 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie / stroômieng || Biezonderheên
|-
| 1891 - 1908
| Bernardus Reiger
| liberaol
|
|-
| 1908 - 1914
| Alexander Frederik van Lynden
| 
|
|-
| 1914 - 1933
| Joachimus Pieter Fockema Andreae
| liberaol
| 1933-1937 commissaoris van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 1934 - 1942
| Gerhard ter Pelkwijk
| 
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Cornelis van Ravenswaay
| [[NSB]]
| 1941-1942 burhemeêster van [[Zaendam]]
|-
| 1945 - 1948
| Gerhard ter Pelkwijk
| 
|
|-
| 1948 - 1970
| Coen de Ranitz
| 
|
|-
| 1970 - 1974
| Hans van Tuyll van Serooskerken
| [[VVD]]
| 1964-1970 burhemeêster van [[Zoetermeer]]
|-
| 1974 - 1980
| [[Henk Vonhoff]]
| VVD
| 1980-1996 commissaoris van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 1981 - 1992
| Lien Vos-van Gortel
| VVD
| 1974-1981 wetouwer van [[Den 'Aeg]]
|-
| 1992 - 1999
| [[Ivo Opstelten]]
| VVD
| 1999-2008 burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]] &lt;br&gt; 2010-2015 minister
|-
| 1999 - 2007
| Annie Brouwer-Korf
| [[PvdA]]
| 1994-1999 burhemeêster van [[Amersfoôrt]]
|-
| 2008 - 2013
| Aleid Wolfsen
| PvdA
| 2016-noe veuzitter Autoriteit Persoônshehevens
|-
| 2014 - 2020
| [[Jan van Zanen]]
| VVD
| 1998-2005 wetouwer van Utrecht &lt;br&gt; 2020-noe burhemeêster van [[Den 'Aeg]]
|-
| 2020 - 2020
| Peter den Oudsten
| PvdA
| waernemend &lt;br&gt; 2005-2014 burhemeêster van [[Enschede]] &lt;br&gt; 2015-2019 burhemeêster van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]]
|-
| 2020 - noe
| [[Sharon Dijksma]]
| PvdA
| 2007-2010, 2012-2017 staetssecretaoris &lt;br&gt; 2018-2020 wetouwer van [[Amsterdam]]
|-
|}

== Trivia ==
* Utrecht stoôt op plekke vuuf van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bekende inweuners ==
{{div col|cols=2}}
* [[Ismail el Abassi]], voeballer, amtenaer en politicus (raedslid)
* [[Frans Andriessen]], politicus
* [[Mirjam Bikker]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Dick Bruna]], schriever-tekenaer
* [[Wim van Eekelen]], diplomaet, amtenaer en politicus
* [[Wim van Gelder (PvdA)]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Constantijn Jansen op de Haar]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Abraham Kuyper]], predikant, journalist en politicus (premier)
* [[Yvonne van Mastrigt]], pliesiefunctionaoris en politicus
* [[Wullem-Alexander der Nederlan'n]], konienk
* [[Paus Adrianus VI]]
* [[Hans Spekman]], bestierder en politicus (wetouwer)
* [[Jan Terlouw]], kernfysicus, kinderboek'nschriever en politicus (raedslid)
* [[Stientje van Veldhoven]], amtenaer, diplomaot en politicus
* [[Cor de Vos]], politicus
* [[Geert Wilders]], politicus (raedslid)
* [[Jan van Zanen]], politicus (wetouwer, burgemeêster)
{{div col end}}

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.utrecht.nl/ Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220616080252/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/utrecht-gemeente Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/utrecht/ AlleCijfers]
* [https://historiek.net/thema/utrecht/ Historiek]
* [https://www.geschiedenisextra.nl/nl/utrecht.htm GeschiedenisExtra]

{{Provincie Utrecht}}

[[Categorie:Utrecht (gemeênte)| ]]
[[Categorie:Stad in Utrecht]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jan Kees de Jager</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4306</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:10:06Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="971" sha1="bbp4hnq0ctrik06ys7akyukmj7rnfqx" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Jan Kees de Jager 2011.jpg|frameless|rechts]]

'''Jan Cornelis (Jan Kees) de Jager''' ([[Kapelle]], 10 feberwari [[1969]]) is 'n Nederlandse politicus voe 't [[CDA]]. 

In 't [[kabinet-Rutte I]] was ie van feberwari 2010 tot november 2012 [[minister]] van Financieen onger premier [[Mark Rutte]]. In 't [[kabinet-Balkenende IV]] was ie van 2007 tot 2010 [[staetssecretaris]] van Financieen onger premier [[Jan Peter Balkenende]]. Van juni 2010 tot oktober 2010 was ie ok lid van den [[Tweêde Kaemer]]. 

De Jager studeerde [[economie]] en [[recht|rechen]] an de [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [http://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/03153 Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jager, Jan Kees de}}
[[Categorie:Zeêuw]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands ongernemer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Kapelle]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1973</title>
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        <id>15791</id>
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      <comment>/* Gebore */</comment>
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      <text bytes="694" sha1="ncmsnm2j5fv9v6cvivnzfwnb3yxq89j" xml:space="preserve">{{jaorboks}}
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Gebeurtenisse ==
* [[6 oktober|6]]-[[25 oktober]] - [[Jom Kippoeroôrlog]] in [[Israël]]. [[Ehypte]] en [[Syrië]] vallen Israël an op deêze belangriekste [[joôdendom|joôdse feêstdag]] mar slaegen er nie in om te winnen.
* [[4 november]] - D'n oliecrisis zurgt voor autoloôze zondaegen.

== Gebore ==
* jannewari-maerte - [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]], Zeêuws politicus
* [[4 maerte]] - [[Sabine Uitslag]], Nederlands zangeres en politicus
* [[22 juni]] - [[Stientje van Veldhoven]], Nederlands amtenaer, diplomaot en politicus
* [[21 oktober]] - [[Agnes Mulder]], Nederlands politicus en bestierder

[[Categorie:Twintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sliedrecht</title>
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      <comment>/* Lienks nae buten */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4213" sha1="02hd56y101xxvmuedzj8kkpu28tz1jw" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Sliedrecht
|dialect1       = Sliedrechts
|naam1          = Slierech
|dialect2       =
|naam2          =
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0610 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Sliedrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Alblasserwaerd
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]]
|hoofdplaats    = Sliedrecht
|oppervlakte    = 14
|oppervlakte1   = 13
|oppervlakte2   = 1
|inwoners       = 27.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2070
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|47|L}}
}}
'''Sliedrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 27.000 inweuners.

In 1970 is de [[Sliedrechtse Biesbosch]] nae de gemeênte [[Dordt]] overgegaen.

Sliedrecht kent 'n groôt antal kerken. Opvallend binne veural de groôte reformaotorische kerken, onger meer 'n [[Grifformeerde Gemeênten|grifformeerde gemeênte]] en de [[Christeleke Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland|christeleke grifformeerde]] Bethelkerke, die 1498 zitplekken 'eit.

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Sliedrecht vanof 1895.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1895 - 1916
| Suffridus Ypeij
|
|
|-
| 1916 - 1917
| Johan Kraaijeveld
| 
| waernemend, wetouwer
|-
| 1917 - 1931
| Koos Drijber
|
|
|-
| 1931 - 1943
| Herman Popping
|
|
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Jan Pieter Henderik Dhont
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Herman Popping
|
|
|-
| 1946 - 1947
| Arie Willem de Landgraaf
|
| waernemend, wetouwer
|-
| 1947 - 1954
| Johannes Hendrikus Winkler
|
|
|-
| 1954 - 1955
| Gerrit Netten
| [[PvdA]]
| waernemend, wetouwer
|-
| 1955 - 1960
| Pieter Feitsma
| PvdA
|
|-
| 1960 - 1974
| Christiaan van Hofwegen
| PvdA
|
|-
| 1974 - 1987
| Wim Hendriks
| PvdA 
|
|-
| 1987 - 1991
| Chris Spijkerboer
| PvdA
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Corstiaan Kleijwegt
| PvdA 
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Martin Boevée
| PvdA 
|
|-
| 2011 - 2012
| Tonny van de Vondervoort
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2012 - 2020
| Bram van Hemmen
| [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 2020 - 2021
| Dirk van der Borg
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2021 - noe
| Jan de Vries
| CDA
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹
| 7
| 7 || 7 || 7 
| 7 || 7 || 6
| 6 || 6 || 5
|-
| Slydregt.nu
| 6
| 2 || 1 ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| PRO Sliedrecht ²
| 4
| 5 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 2 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 2
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 3 || 3 || 3 
| 3 || 2 || 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ³ ⁴
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 6 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| [[D66]] ³
|
| || 1 ||
| || ||
| 1 || 1 ||
|-
! Totaol 
! 21
! 21 || 21 || 19
! 19 || 19 || 19
! 19 || 19 || 19
|-
! Opkomst
! 61%
! 55% || 60% || 58%
! 55% || 64% || 67%
! 66% || 67% || 63%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF

² 1990-1998: Progressief Sliedrecht, 2002: Leefbaar Sliedrecht

³ 1998: PvdA + D66

⁴ sins 2026: GL-PvdA

== Trivia ==
* Sliedrecht stoôt op plekke 28 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bekende inweuners ==
* [[Bas van der Vlies]], politicus

== Zie ok ==
* [[Biebelgordel]]

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.sliedrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220927040614/https://plaatsengids.nl/sliedrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/sliedrecht/ AlleCijfers]


&lt;Gallery&gt;
Sliedrecht, kerk1 foto6 2010-06-27 15.18.JPG|'Ervormde Durpskerreke
Sliedrecht 1869.png|Kaerte van gemeênte Sliedrecht uut 1869
Beneden Merwede 2018 8.jpg|[[Beneden-Merwede]] bie Sliedrecht
Hoogspanning - panoramio (1).jpg|Platteland bie Sliedrecht
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Alblasserwaerd]]
[[Categorie:Drechtsteê]]</text>
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    <title>Guus de Casembroot</title>
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      <text bytes="3042" sha1="m87yyjznfh4iv4rv3dajtdjtj1gb6c9" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Guus de Casembroot.png|thumb|Guus de Casembroot as [[Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] van Zeêland.]]

'''Auguste François Charles (Guus) de Casembroot''' ([[Middelburg]], 17 december [[1906]] - [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 10 feberwari [[1965]]) was [[Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] van [[Zeêland]] tiejes de [[Twidde Wereldoorlog]] en de [[Waetersnoȏdramp van 1953]]. Z'n officiele naeme luujende: Jhr. Auguste François Charles de Casembroot.

Van 1932 toet 1948 was um mee een korte ongerbreking tiejes de leste oorlogsjaeren burgemeêster van [[Wasschappel]]. Vanof 1948 wier De Casembroot benoemd tot Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland.

De Casembroot bleef commissaoris toet z'n plotselinge doôd in 1965. In die zeventien jaer wier um een gerespecteerd en geliefd figure in Zeêland. Um was een dynaomisch persoôn die mee mensen uut aolle laegen van de bevolkienge makkelek contact maekende. Onvermoeibaar doorkruusende um de provincie om bie talloôze officiële helegenheden anwezig te wezene. Um wier in Zeêland beschouwd as &quot;één van uus&quot;, mede deu z'n grôte kennisse van de provincie, het Zeêuws, de volksaerd en z'n vermôgen om mensen en naemen makkelek te onthouwene. Voorà gedurende de naeoôrlogse wederopbouwe en tiedens de Waetersnoȏdramp van 1953 dwong um deu z'n improvisaotietalent en grôte betrokkenheid vee respect of bie de Zeêuwen. Dat z'n populariteit nie was verhete bleek ant ende van 1999, toe De Casembroot 35 jaer nae z'n doôd bie een verkiezing georhaoniseerd deu de [[Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant]] het predicaot &quot;Zeêuw van de Eêuwe&quot; kreeg.

==Literature==
* G.A. de Kok, &quot;Commissaris der Koningin in Zeeland&quot;, in: ''Zeeuws Tijdschrift'', 1955, p. 2-5
* G.A. de Kok, ''Een van ons. Ter nagedachtenis aan Jhr.mr. A.F.C. de Casembroot, commissaris der koningin in Zeeland, 1948-1965. Geboren te Middelburg 17 december 1906, overleden te Utrecht 10 februari 1965'', Middelburg, 1965
* G.A. de Kok, ''Sporen in de slik'', Middelburg, 1973
* L.W. de Bree, G. van der Ham, ''Zeeland 1940-1945'', 2 delen, Middelburg/Zwolle, 1979, 1990
* H. Bollen, J. Kuiper-Abee, ''Worsteling om Walcheren'', Zutphen, 1985
* Nederland's Adelsboek 81 (1990-1991), p. 94.

== Zie ok ==
* [[Lieste mee Gouverneurs en Commissaorissen van de Konienginne in Zeêland]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190428124219/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llz6wkz1/a_f_ch_guus_de_casembroot Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Auguste_Francois_Charles_de_Casembroot Encyclopedie van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Johan Willem Quarles van Ufford]]
| 1948 — 1965
| [[Jan van Aartsen]]
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Casembroot, Guus de}}
[[Categorie:Zeêuw]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Partieloôs politicus]]
[[Categorie:Adel]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]
[[Categorie:Waschappel]]</text>
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    <title>Four Freedoms Award</title>
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      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15583" sha1="prhbyliayzd56ejuh12f8wklhnackgv" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[]] || 2015 || [[]]
|-
|2016 || [[]] || 2017 || [[]]
|-
|2018 || [[]] || 2019 || [[]]
|-
|2020 || [[]] || 2021 || [[]]
|-
|2022 || [[]] || 2023 || [[]]
|-
|2024 || [[]] || 2025 || [[]]
|-
|2026 || [[]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Juliana]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy|E. Kennedy]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela|N. Mandela]]&lt;br /&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton|H. Clinton]]&lt;br /&gt;2009]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>prhbyliayzd56ejuh12f8wklhnackgv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174813</id>
      <parentid>174812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:05:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174813</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15652" sha1="bu3duhnhfz7wkqzgertw1lnaobcr9hv" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Roôde Kruus]] || 2015 || [[]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[]]
|-
|2022 || [[]] || 2023 || [[]]
|-
|2024 || [[]] || 2025 || [[]]
|-
|2026 || [[]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Juliana]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy|E. Kennedy]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela|N. Mandela]]&lt;br /&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton|H. Clinton]]&lt;br /&gt;2009]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>bu3duhnhfz7wkqzgertw1lnaobcr9hv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174814</id>
      <parentid>174813</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:12:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174814</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15702" sha1="emwmjct1w7hhsy6u4ng260pks4kp0zq" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[]]
|-
|2026 || [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Juliana]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy|E. Kennedy]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela|N. Mandela]]&lt;br /&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton|H. Clinton]]&lt;br /&gt;2009]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>emwmjct1w7hhsy6u4ng260pks4kp0zq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174815</id>
      <parentid>174814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:14:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174815</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15787" sha1="4wy8klhny5d3yew7ve849q1mlapfqbf" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Juliana]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy|E. Kennedy]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela|N. Mandela]]&lt;br /&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton|H. Clinton]]&lt;br /&gt;2009]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>4wy8klhny5d3yew7ve849q1mlapfqbf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174816</id>
      <parentid>174815</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:21:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174816</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15852" sha1="8uvuqkbefly650lnq89ib9fgs283fao" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>8uvuqkbefly650lnq89ib9fgs283fao</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174817</id>
      <parentid>174816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:31:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174817</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15886" sha1="hc6et3uuj5e7l8nk53xf9qoq5m9y25x" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>hc6et3uuj5e7l8nk53xf9qoq5m9y25x</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174821</id>
      <parentid>174817</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:27:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vrieheid van meêningsuuting */</comment>
      <origin>174821</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16094" sha1="ainvbsm3gianus9v9w31dfkgtbxghg0" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>ainvbsm3gianus9v9w31dfkgtbxghg0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174822</id>
      <parentid>174821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:28:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Godsdienstvrieheid */</comment>
      <origin>174822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16289" sha1="fgokzkbv1ddam15yewxhbzxp0ujdobf" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>fgokzkbv1ddam15yewxhbzxp0ujdobf</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>174823</id>
      <parentid>174822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:28:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174823</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16484" sha1="2f1de8bi7t3j3s0fqbhozk3pbr1d11n" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>2f1de8bi7t3j3s0fqbhozk3pbr1d11n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174824</id>
      <parentid>174823</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:29:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174824</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16679" sha1="kpjja1e1ke2w4fr4t2mdcbdsmanw80k" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden|H.K.H. Prinses Juliana]] || 1983 || [[William Averell Harriman]]
|-
|1984 || [[Harold Macmillan]] || 1985 || [[Claude Pepper]]
|-
|1986 || [[Sandro Pertini]] || 1987 || [[Tip O'Neill]]
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || [[William Brennan]]
|-
|1990 || [[Václav Havel]] en [[Jacques Delors]] || 1991 || [[Thurgood Marshall]]
|-
|1992 || [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] || 1993 || [[Cyrus Vance]]
|-
|1994 || [[Dalai Lama]] [[Tenzin Gyatso (dalai lama)|Tenzin Gyatso]] || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || [[Juan Carlos I van Spanje]] || 1997 || [[Katharine Graham]]
|-
|1998 || [[Mary Robinson]] || 1999 || [[Edward Kennedy]]
|-
|2000 || [[Martti Ahtisaari]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || [[George Mitchell]]
|-
|2004 || [[Kofi Annan]] || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || [[Mohammed el-Baradei]] || 2007 || [[Carl Levin]] en [[Richard Lugar]]
|-
|2008 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 2009 || [[Hillary Clinton]]
|-
|2010 || [[Europees Hof voor de Rechten van de Mens]] || 2011 || [[Russ Feingold]]
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || [[Wendell Berry]]
|-
|2014 || [[Rode Kruus]] || 2015 || [[Ruth Bader Ginsburg]]
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || [[Harry Belafonte]]
|-
|2018 || [[Christiana Figueres Olsen]] || 2019 || [[Lonnie Bunch]]
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || [[Fred Korematsu]]
|-
|2022 || [[Svetlana Tichanovskaja]] || 2023 || [[Nancy Pelosi]]
|-
|2024 || [[Save Ukraine]] || 2025 || [[Darren Walker]]
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || [[]]
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>kpjja1e1ke2w4fr4t2mdcbdsmanw80k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174826</id>
      <parentid>174824</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:45:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174826</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16437" sha1="h2v6bgkr3pdeh04lypv1hvo65esqlza" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Edward Kennedy]]&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Hillary Clinton]]&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>h2v6bgkr3pdeh04lypv1hvo65esqlza</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174827</id>
      <parentid>174826</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:49:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174827</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16429" sha1="i87jcdwopm1dluufqlan2qhhskhxi68" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Max van der Stoel]] || 1983 || [[Joseph Rauh]]
|-
|1984 || [[Amnesty International]] || 1985 || [[Kenneth Bancroft Clark]]
|-
|1986 || [[El País]] || 1987 || [[Herbert Block]]
|-
|1988 || [[Ellen Johnson Sirleaf]] || 1989 || [[Walter Cronkite]]
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || [[James Barrett Reston]]
|-
|1992 || [[Mstislav Rostropovitsj]] || 1993 || [[Arthur Miller]]
|-
|1994 || [[Marion Dönhoff]] || 1995 || [[Mary McGrory]]
|-
|1996 || [[John Hume]] || 1997 || [[Sidney Yates]]
|-
|1998 || [[CNN]] || 1999 || [[John Robert Lewis]]
|-
|2000 || [[Bronisław Geremek]] || 2001 || [[The New York Times]] en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || [[Radio Free Europe]] en [[Radio Liberty]] || 2003 || [[Studs Terkel]]
|-
|2004 || [[Lennart Meri]] || 2005 || [[Tom Brokaw]]
|-
|2006 || [[Carlos Fuentes]] || 2007 || [[Bill Moyers]]
|-
|2008 || [[Lakhdar Brahimi]]  || 2009 || [[Anthony Romero]]
|-
|2010 || [[Novaja Gazeta]] || 2011 || [[Michael Copps]]
|-
|2012 || [[Al Jazeera]] || 2013 || [[Paul Krugman]]
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Max van der Stoel|M. vd Stoel]]&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Kenneth Bancroft Clark|K. Clark]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[John Robert Lewis|J. Lewis]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>i87jcdwopm1dluufqlan2qhhskhxi68</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174828</id>
      <parentid>174827</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:54:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vrieheid van meêningsuuting */</comment>
      <origin>174828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16258" sha1="etuzflok2hkdmmn0ylrqm0hc2k0gf18" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Willem Visser 't Hooft]] || 1983 || [[Coretta Scott King]]
|-
|1984 || [[Werner Leich]] en [[Beyers Naudé]] || 1985 || [[Elie Wiesel]]
|-
|1986 || [[Bernardus Alfrink|kardinaol Alfrink]] || 1987 || [[Leon Sullivan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Teddy Kollek]] || 1989 || [[Raphael Lemkin]] (postuum) en [[Hyman Bookbinder]]
|-
|1990 || [[László Tőkés]] || 1991 || [[Paul Moore]]
|-
|1992 || [[Terry Waite]] || 1993 || [[Theodore Hesburgh]], [[Congregatie van het Heilig Kruus]]
|-
|1994 || [[Gerhart Riegner]] || 1995 || [[Andrew Young]]
|-
|1996 || [[Robert Runcie]] || 1997 || [[William Gray]]
|-
|1998 || [[Desmond Tutu]] || 1999 || [[Lindy Boggs]]
|-
|2000 || [[Cicely Saunders]] || 2001 || [[Johnnie Carr]]
|-
|2002 || [[Nasr Abu Zayd]] || 2003 || [[Robert Drinan]]
|-
|2004 || [[Sari Nusseibeh]] || 2005 || [[Cornel West]]
|-
|2006 || [[Gemeenschap van Taizé|De gemeênschap van Taizé]] || 2007 || [[Peter Gomes]]
|-
|2008 || [[Karen Armstrong]] || 2009 || [[Eboo Patel]]
|-
|2010 || [[Asma Jahangir]] || 2011 || [[Barry Lynn (predikant)|Barry Lynn]]
|-
|2012 || [[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Coretta Scott King|C. King]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Elie Wiesel|E. Wiesel]]&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|[[Bernardus Alfrink|B. Alfrink]]&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel|Bartholomeus I]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>etuzflok2hkdmmn0ylrqm0hc2k0gf18</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174829</id>
      <parentid>174828</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:03:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Godsdienstvrieheid */</comment>
      <origin>174829</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15990" sha1="nv24fukwn46kdnkt0mjb99srp3v8fn2" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Johan Witteveen]] || 1983 || [[Robert McNamara]]
|-
|1984 || [[Liv Ullmann]] || 1985 || [[John Kenneth Galbraith]]
|-
|1986 || [[Frank Morse]] || 1987 || [[Mary Lasker]]
|-
|1988 || [[Halfdan Mahler]] || 1989 || [[Dorothy Height]]
|-
|1990 || [[Emiel van Lennep]] || 1991 || [[Paul Newman]] - [[Joanne Woodward]]
|-
|1992 || [[Jan Tinbergen]] || 1993 || [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]] en [[Sargent Shriver]]
|-
|1994 || [[Sadako Ogata]] || 1995 || [[Lane Kirkland]]
|-
|1996 || [[Artsen zonger Grenzen]] || 1997 || [[Mark Hatfield]]
|-
|1998 || [[Stéphane Hessel]] || 1999 || [[George McGovern]]
|-
|2000 || [[Monkombu Swaminathan]] || 2001 || [[March of Dimes|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation]]
|-
|2002 || [[Gro Harlem Brundtland]] || 2003 || [[Dolores Huerta]]
|-
|2004 || [[Marguerite Barankitse]] || 2005 || [[Marty Evans]]
|-
|2006 || [[Muhammad Yunus]], [[Grameen Bank]] || 2007 || [[Barbara Ehrenreich]]
|-
|2008 || [[Jan Egeland]] || 2009 || [[Vicki Escarra]]
|-
|2010 || [[Maurice Strong]] || 2011 || [[Jacqueline Novogratz]]
|-
|2012 || [[Ela Bhatt]] || 2013 || ...
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Robert McNamara|R. McNamara]]&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Lasker|M. Lasker]]&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Muhammad Yunus|M. Yunus]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ela Bhatt|E. Bhatt]]&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>nv24fukwn46kdnkt0mjb99srp3v8fn2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174877</id>
      <parentid>174829</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:34:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174877</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15784" sha1="lrodnwnfp8zleocow2m8c1k6o5mvu3o" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Herman van Roijen]] || 1983 || [[Jacob Javits]]
|-
|1984 || [[Brian Urquhart]] || 1985 || [[Isidor Isaac Rabi]]
|-
|1986 || [[Olof Palme]] (postuum) || 1987 || [[George Kennan]]
|-
|1988 || [[Armand Hammer]] || 1989 || [[J. William Fulbright]]
|-
|1990 || [[Simon Wiesenthal]] || 1991 || [[Mike Mansfield]]
|-
|1992 || [[Peter Carington]] || 1993 || [[George Ball]]
|-
|1994 || [[Zdravko Grebo]] || 1995 || [[Elliot Richardson]]
|-
|1996 || [[Shimon Peres]] || 1997 || [[Daniel Inouye]]
|-
|1998 || [[Craig Kielburger]] || 1999 || [[Bobby Muller]]
|-
|2000 || [[Louise Arbour]] || 2001 || De [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* [[Richard Winters]] ([[United States Army]])
* [[Robert Bush]] ([[United States Navy]])
* [[Treddy Ketcham]] ([[United States Marine Corps]])
* [[Lee Archer (piloot)|Lee Archer]] ([[United States Air Force]])
* [[Ellen Buckley]] ([[United States Army Nurse Corps]])
|-
|2002 || [[Ernesto Zedillo]] || 2003 || [[Robert Byrd]]
|-
|2004 || [[Max Kohnstamm]] || 2005 || [[Lee Hamilton]] en [[Thomas Kean]]
|-
|2006 || [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] || 2007 || [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|-
|2008 || [[Willemijn Verloop]] ([[War Child]]) || 2009 || [[Pasquale D'Amuro]]
|-
|2010 || [[Gareth Evans]] || 2011 || [[Bryan Stevenson]]
|-
|2012 || [[Hussain al-Shahristani]] || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|[[J. William Fulbright|W. Fulbright]]&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Bobby Muller|B. Muller]]&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Louise Arbour|L. Arbour]]&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Aung San Suu Kyi|Aung San S.]]&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>lrodnwnfp8zleocow2m8c1k6o5mvu3o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174878</id>
      <parentid>174877</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:54:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15538" sha1="6ny5xsaqdij3no0wtrtaqga5sdstyhi" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton]] en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || [[Simone Veil]] (''centenial award'')
|2002 || [[William vanden Heuvel]]
|2005 || [[BBC World Service]]
|-
|1990 || [[Michail Gorbatsjov]]
|2003 || [[Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.]]
|2005 || [[Mary Soames]]
|-
|1995 || [[Jonas Salk]]
|2004 || [[Anton Rupert]]
|2006 || [[Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace]]
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || [[Bob Dole]]
|2008 || [[Forrest Church]]
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Michail Gorbatsjov|M. Gorbatsjov]]&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers|R. Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Mary Soames|M. Soames]]&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Forrest Church|F. Church]]&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>6ny5xsaqdij3no0wtrtaqga5sdstyhi</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174879</id>
      <parentid>174878</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:57:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Speciaole verlening */</comment>
      <origin>174879</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15411" sha1="doht46mp0duq4ryifc3myabqvzh0asy" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton]] en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>doht46mp0duq4ryifc3myabqvzh0asy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174880</id>
      <parentid>174879</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:59:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174880</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15409" sha1="tlhttv9k6jkbklxpwir635q43mbpcjf" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in [[Nederland]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]]. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>tlhttv9k6jkbklxpwir635q43mbpcjf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174881</id>
      <parentid>174880</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:02:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York */</comment>
      <origin>174881</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15401" sha1="gch9r1rvclfjvm6wi9lnuqdx07ljq79" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|[[Four Freedoms Monument]], [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
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      <text bytes="15397" sha1="g34q0uv82snlv9o5gbgow3styzoiebk" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerk]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|[[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute|Roosevelt Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het [[Roosevelt Study Center]] dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de [[Roosevelt Academy]], een [[University College Utrecht|universiteitscollege]] van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van [[Frank Morse]] in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't [[Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute]] tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>g34q0uv82snlv9o5gbgow3styzoiebk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174883</id>
      <parentid>174882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:17:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York */</comment>
      <origin>174883</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15307" sha1="qlf62r36sarldaxli61j06vtj02vox5" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|[[Freedom of Speech (Norman Rockwell)|''Freedom of Speech'']], een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>qlf62r36sarldaxli61j06vtj02vox5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174884</id>
      <parentid>174883</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:25:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vrieheid van meêningsuuting */</comment>
      <origin>174884</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15267" sha1="jgtfmvdz3xkuzu8oj3g1ythnzxbqtrm" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom of Worship]]'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>jgtfmvdz3xkuzu8oj3g1ythnzxbqtrm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174885</id>
      <parentid>174884</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:26:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Godsdienstvrieheid */</comment>
      <origin>174885</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15263" sha1="9ffxztqvqcu4wkbrcm5yxbwdj1ovoso" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Want]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>9ffxztqvqcu4wkbrcm5yxbwdj1ovoso</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174886</id>
      <parentid>174885</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:26:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174886</origin>
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      <text bytes="15259" sha1="as96r9bv8z2ih89f91kaqmjovmqpmli" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''[[Freedom from Fear (Norman Rockwell)|Freedom from Fear]]'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>as96r9bv8z2ih89f91kaqmjovmqpmli</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174887</id>
      <parentid>174886</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:26:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174887</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15219" sha1="fb4mjqushfjhhlf2hkx0irm7x5dumlq" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>fb4mjqushfjhhlf2hkx0irm7x5dumlq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174888</id>
      <parentid>174887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:27:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174888</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15220" sha1="mogwt8vcow3313gf7bn5cfjkjskoewg" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'' een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>mogwt8vcow3313gf7bn5cfjkjskoewg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174889</id>
      <parentid>174888</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:27:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174889</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15221" sha1="8xma2wxiejrvssdikeraro5ffehr0vj" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || -
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>8xma2wxiejrvssdikeraro5ffehr0vj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174890</id>
      <parentid>174889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:34:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15227" sha1="8ox75q17k5ytw8clwsymsl4lrbkyr69" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 ||
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>8ox75q17k5ytw8clwsymsl4lrbkyr69</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174891</id>
      <parentid>174890</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:41:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vrieheid van meêningsuuting */</comment>
      <origin>174891</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15431" sha1="bmxqvq1t68lghpyacx1tiu103egusf8" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 ||
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>bmxqvq1t68lghpyacx1tiu103egusf8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174892</id>
      <parentid>174891</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:44:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Godsdienstvrieheid */</comment>
      <origin>174892</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15453" sha1="tvdk8zxu30yr1s4sq22ithp42a71lr2" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || 
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 ||
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>tvdk8zxu30yr1s4sq22ithp42a71lr2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174893</id>
      <parentid>174892</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:45:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174893</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15483" sha1="6ugjylelwgq53map1apj9mse8p0su1b" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 ||
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>6ugjylelwgq53map1apj9mse8p0su1b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174894</id>
      <parentid>174893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:45:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15499" sha1="o0qfysc1eq3kj9jlx8ipdg4kms31kzm" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>o0qfysc1eq3kj9jlx8ipdg4kms31kzm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174895</id>
      <parentid>174894</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:50:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Godsdienstvrieheid */</comment>
      <origin>174895</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15539" sha1="iu8gpyb31hrpi13phnh4s6u321oer0d" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>iu8gpyb31hrpi13phnh4s6u321oer0d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174896</id>
      <parentid>174895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:51:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaering van gebrek */</comment>
      <origin>174896</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15569" sha1="5zxe0rz5rm47sogmamsinaqgze05qbo" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || || 2015 || 
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>5zxe0rz5rm47sogmamsinaqgze05qbo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174897</id>
      <parentid>174896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:52:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174897</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15596" sha1="gcq05kdf54tpe3bcox9zw2lls1uyvst" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlanden]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlanden]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || Malala Yousafzai || 2015 || The Nation
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>gcq05kdf54tpe3bcox9zw2lls1uyvst</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174898</id>
      <parentid>174897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:53:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="15594" sha1="g46l1wxvjzhqzh1154ox6vilar4o0tf" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlan'n]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins]] || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlan'n]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || Malala Yousafzai || 2015 || The Nation
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>g46l1wxvjzhqzh1154ox6vilar4o0tf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174899</id>
      <parentid>174898</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T09:55:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Algemene vrieheidspries (Freedom Medal) */</comment>
      <origin>174899</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15592" sha1="q3z0235ilnwzfdsp7ngxlt1bfaeet0p" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]
De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de [[Four Freedoms|vier vrieheên]] van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n [[State of the Union]] van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en [[Hyde Park]] in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;[[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlan'n]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlan'n]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! [[Middelburg]] !! jaer !! [[Hyde Park (New York)|Hyde Park]]
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || Malala Yousafzai || 2015 || The Nation
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>q3z0235ilnwzfdsp7ngxlt1bfaeet0p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174900</id>
      <parentid>174899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T10:01:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174900</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15479" sha1="g1mc2asi5ojcpdksgauz88ui2xidrbd" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]

De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de Four Freedoms (vier vrieheên) van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n State of the Union van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en Hyde Park in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;Hyde Park (New York)]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlan'n]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlan'n]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || Malala Yousafzai || 2015 || The Nation
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
      <sha1>g1mc2asi5ojcpdksgauz88ui2xidrbd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174901</id>
      <parentid>174900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T10:03:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vriewaring van vreês */</comment>
      <origin>174901</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15495" sha1="73v4avskycxq9psxp4tqpaukvvj4y25" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Froosevelt.jpeg|thumb|President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], een schilderieje uut 1947]]

De '''Four Freedoms Award''' (''Vier Vrie'een Ongerscheiding'') is een pries voo een persoôn die z'n eige op een biezondere wieze eit inezet voo het waerborgen van de Four Freedoms (vier vrieheên) van de Amerikaonse president [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]. Roosevelt noemende bie z'n State of the Union van [[6 januari|6 jannewari]] [[1941]].

In principe worre jaerleks vuuf priezen uutereikt in ofwisselend [[Middelburg]] in Nederland en Hyde Park in [[New York City]].

== Geschiedenisse ==
De priezen wiere voo 't eêst uutereikt in [[1982]] ter gelegenheid van zowè de 'onderdste geboôrtedag van president Roosevelt as 't tweêonderdjaerig bestaen van diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en Nederland.

[[plaetje:Madison FL 4 Freedoms mnmt08.jpg|thumb|Four Freedoms Monument, [[Madison (Florida)|Madison]]]]
De Four Freedoms Awards verwieze nae de vier fundamentele vrieheên van de mens, zoas Roosevelt deze verwoordde in um z'n [[State of the Union]] van 6 jannawari 1941, deerom ok we de [[Four Freedoms|''Four Freedoms-speech'']] genoemd. Dit was nog voo de anval op Pearl Harbor, toe de Vereênigde Steaten bie de [[Twidde Wereldoôrlog]] wiere betrokke. Ie zei 't volgende:
''In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.''

== Uutreiking in Middelburg en Hyde Park, New York ==
[[plaetje:Nieuwe Kerk (Middelburg).JPG|thumb|135px|[[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Middelburg (Zeeland)|Middelburg]]]]
[[plaetje:FDRhouse.JPG|thumb|135px|Roosevelt Institute&lt;br /&gt;Hyde Park (New York)]]
Jaerleks worre de priezen ofwisselend uutereikt in Nederland en de Vereênigde Staeten. De personen an wie een pries wor toegekend worre ''laureaat'' genoemd.

In de even jaeren worre de priezen uutereikt deu de Roosevelt Stichting in [[Middelburg]]. De uutreiking van de pries ist eênige doel van de stichtieng. Twee aore instituten in de Zeêuwse oôdstad bin d'r mee verbonden: sins 1986 is dat het Roosevelt Study Center dat ongerzoek verricht nae de Amerikaonse (politieke) geschiedenisse, en sins 2004 de Roosevelt Academy, een universiteitscollege van de [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Deze priezen worre in principe toegekend an nie-Amerikaonen; een uutzondering deerop was de ongerscheiding van Frank Morse in 1986. De ceremonie is aoltied in de [[Nieuwe Kerke (Middelburg)|Nieuwe Kerke]] in Middelburg.

De voorouwers van Rooseveld komme uut [[Ou-Vossemaer]] op [[Tole (eiland)|Tole]], vandeer de band mee [[Zeêland]]. In oneven jaeren worre de priezen uutgereikt an Amerikaonse staetsburgers of deu 't Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute tiejens een ceremonie in de plekke [[Hyde Park]], [[New York City]].

De priezen bin medailles die mee vee ceremonieel worre uutereikt en bie de Nederlandse ceremonie bin meestà leden van 't koninklijk huus anwezig zijn. De medailles ebben een doorsnee van 51 millimeter. De vookant toont het portret van Roosevelt mee de inscriptie ''Franklin D. Roosevelt''. De achterkant toont tweê mannen- en tweê vrouwenfihuren die de vier vrieheên symboliseren, mee as attributen het Geschrift, het Gebed, de Hoorn des Overvloeds en een beschermend schild, begeleid mee de inscripties ''Speech'', ''Worship'', ''Want'' en ''Fear''.

== Laureaten ==
Voor ielk van de vier vrieheên die Roosevelt in 1941 noemde is een pries ingesteld.

=== Algemene vrieheidspries (''Freedom Medal'') ===
[[plaetje:Four Freedoms Award.jpg|thumb|135px|Een van de medailles]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || [[Juliana der Nederlan'n]] || 1983 || William Averell Harriman
|-
|1984 || Harold Macmillan || 1985 || Claude Pepper
|-
|1986 || Sandro Pertini || 1987 || Tip O'Neill
|-
|1988 || [[Helmut Schmidt]] || 1989 || William Brennan
|-
|1990 || Václav Havel en Jacques Delors || 1991 || Thurgood Marshall
|-
|1992 || Javier Pérez de Cuéllar || 1993 || Cyrus Vance
|-
|1994 || Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso || 1995 || [[Jimmy Carter]]
|-
|1996 || Juan Carlos I van Spanje || 1997 || Katharine Graham
|-
|1998 || Mary Robinson || 1999 || Edward Kennedy
|-
|2000 || Martti Ahtisaari || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || [[Nelson Mandela]] || 2003 || George Mitchell
|-
|2004 || Kofi Annan || 2005 || [[Bill Clinton]]
|-
|2006 || Mohammed el-Baradei || 2007 || Carl Levin en Richard Lugar
|-
|2008 || Richard von Weizsäcker || 2009 || Hillary Clinton
|-
|2010 || Europeês Hof voo de Rechen van den Mins || 2011 || Russ Feingold
|-
|2012 || [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] || 2013 || Wendell Berry
|-
|2014 || Rode Kruus || 2015 || Ruth Bader Ginsburg
|-
|2016 || [[Angela Merkel]] || 2017 || Harry Belafonte
|-
|2018 || Christiana Figueres Olsen || 2019 || Lonnie Bunch
|-
|2020 || [[Vereênigde Naoties]] || 2021 || Fred Korematsu
|-
|2022 || Svetlana Tichanovskaja || 2023 || Nancy Pelosi
|-
|2024 || Save Ukraine || 2025 || Darren Walker
|-
|2026 || [[Oekraïne|Oekraïense]] volk en [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 ||
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Staatsieportret van prinses Juliana.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Juliana der Nederlan'n]]&lt;br&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Ted Kennedy, official photo portrait crop.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Edward Kennedy&lt;br&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Nelson Mandela-2008 (edit).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Nelson Mandela]]&lt;br&gt;2002]]
|[[plaetje:2009 0123 clinton bio 200 1.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Hillary Clinton&lt;br&gt;2009]]
|[[Plaetje:Zelenskyy in Downing Street 2025-03-01-19-42-A (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]&lt;br&gt;2026]]
|}

=== Vrieheid van meêningsuuting ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Speech&quot; - NARA - 513536.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Speech'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Max van der Stoel || 1983 || Joseph Rauh
|-
|1984 || Amnesty International || 1985 || Kenneth Bancroft Clark
|-
|1986 || El País || 1987 || Herbert Block
|-
|1988 || Ellen Johnson Sirleaf || 1989 || Walter Cronkite
|-
|1990 || gin pries || 1991 || James Barrett Reston
|-
|1992 || Mstislav Rostropovitsj || 1993 || Arthur Miller
|-
|1994 || Marion Dönhoff || 1995 || Mary McGrory
|-
|1996 || John Hume || 1997 || Sidney Yates
|-
|1998 || CNN || 1999 || John Robert Lewis
|-
|2000 || Bronisław Geremek || 2001 || The New York Times en de femilie Ochs/Sulzberger
|-
|2002 || Radio Free Europe en Radio Liberty || 2003 || Studs Terkel
|-
|2004 || Lennart Meri || 2005 || Tom Brokaw
|-
|2006 || Carlos Fuentes || 2007 || Bill Moyers
|-
|2008 || Lakhdar Brahimi || 2009 || Anthony Romero
|-
|2010 || Novaja Gazeta || 2011 || Michael Copps
|-
|2012 || Al Jazeera || 2013 || Paul Krugman
|-
|2014 || Maryam Durani || 2015 || Arthur Mitchell
|-
|2016 || Mazen Darwish || 2017 || Dan Rather
|-
|2018 || Erol Önderoğlu || 2019 || The Boston Globe
|-
|2020 || Maria Ressa || 2021 || Nikole Hannah-Jones
|-
|2022 || Mai Khoi Do Nguyen || 2023 || Tracie D. Hall
|-
|2024 || Bellingcat || 2025 || Teen Vogue
|-
|2026 || Committee to Protect Journalists || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Max van der Stoel 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Max van der Stoel&lt;br /&gt;1982]]
|[[plaetje:Kenneth and Mamie Clark 1958 (cropped).jpg|thumb|125x150px|Kenneth Bancroft Clark&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:John lewis official biopic.jpg|thumb|125x150px|John Robert Lewis&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|
|}

=== Godsdienstvrieheid ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom of Worship&quot; - NARA - 513537.jpg|thumb|''Freedom of Worship'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Willem Visser 't Hooft || 1983 || Coretta Scott King
|-
|1984 || Werner Leich en Beyers Naudé || 1985 || Elie Wiesel
|-
|1986 || kardinaol Alfrink || 1987 || Leon Sullivan
|-
|1988 || Teddy Kollek || 1989 || Raphael Lemkin (postuum) en Hyman Bookbinder
|-
|1990 || László Tőkés || 1991 || Paul Moore
|-
|1992 || Terry Waite || 1993 || Theodore Hesburgh, Congregaotie vant 'Eilig Kruus
|-
|1994 || Gerhart Riegner || 1995 || Andrew Young
|-
|1996 || Robert Runcie || 1997 || William Gray
|-
|1998 || Desmond Tutu || 1999 || Lindy Boggs
|-
|2000 || Cicely Saunders || 2001 || Johnnie Carr
|-
|2002 || Nasr Abu Zayd || 2003 || Robert Drinan
|-
|2004 || Sari Nusseibeh || 2005 || Cornel West
|-
|2006 || Gemeênschap van Taizé || 2007 || Peter Gomes
|-
|2008 || Karen Armstrong || 2009 || Eboo Patel
|-
|2010 || Asma Jahangir || 2011 || Barry Lynn
|-
|2012 || Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel || 2013 || zuster Simone Campbell
|-
|2014 || prins Hassan bin Talal || 2015 || William Barber II
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Corettascottking.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Coretta Scott King&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Elie Wiesel.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Elie Wiesel&lt;br /&gt;1985]]
|[[plaetje:Kardinaal Alfrink.JPG|thumb|125x150px|Bernardus Alfrink&lt;br /&gt;1986]]
|[[plaetje:Bartolomew I.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bartholomeus I van Constantinopel&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaering van gebrek ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom From Want&quot; - NARA - 513539.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Want'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Johan Witteveen || 1983 || Robert McNamara
|-
|1984 || Liv Ullmann || 1985 || John Kenneth Galbraith
|-
|1986 || Frank Morse || 1987 || Mary Lasker
|-
|1988 || Halfdan Mahler || 1989 || Dorothy Height
|-
|1990 || Emiel van Lennep || 1991 || Paul Newman en Joanne Woodward
|-
|1992 || Jan Tinbergen || 1993 || Eunice Kennedy Shriver en Sargent Shriver
|-
|1994 || Sadako Ogata || 1995 || Lane Kirkland
|-
|1996 || Artsen zonger Hrenzen || 1997 || Mark Hatfield
|-
|1998 || Stéphane Hessel || 1999 || George McGovern
|-
|2000 || Monkombu Swaminathan || 2001 || March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
|-de 
|2002 || Gro Harlem Brundtland || 2003 || Dolores Huerta
|-
|2004 || Marguerite Barankitse || 2005 || Marty Evans
|-
|2006 || Muhammad Yunus, Grameen Bank || 2007 || Barbara Ehrenreich
|-
|2008 || Jan Egeland || 2009 || Vicki Escarra
|-
|2010 || Maurice Strong || 2011 || Jacqueline Novogratz
|-
|2012 || Ela Bhatt || 2013 || Coalition of Immokalee Workers
|-
|2014 || Hawa Abdi || 2015 || Olufunmilayo Olopade
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Robert McNamara&lt;br /&gt;1983]]
|[[plaetje:Mary Lasker.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Lasker&lt;br /&gt;1987]]
|[[plaetje:Grameen Yunus Dec 04.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Muhammad Yunus&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|[[plaetje:Ela Bhatt at the Qalandia Women's Cooperative.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Ela Bhatt&lt;br /&gt;2012]]
|}

=== Vriewaring van vreês ===
[[plaetje:&quot;Freedom from Fear&quot; - NARA - 513538.jpg|thumb|''Freedom from Fear'', een schilderieje van Norman Rockwell uut 1943]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Jaer !! Middelburg !! jaer !! Hyde Park (New York)
|-
|1982 || Herman van Roijen || 1983 || Jacob Javits
|-
|1984 || Brian Urquhart || 1985 || Isidor Isaac Rabi
|-
|1986 || Olof Palme (postuum) || 1987 || George Kennan
|-
|1988 || Armand Hammer || 1989 || J. William Fulbright
|-
|1990 || Simon Wiesenthal || 1991 || Mike Mansfield
|-
|1992 || Peter Carington || 1993 || George Ball
|-
|1994 || Zdravko Grebo || 1995 || Elliot Richardson
|-
|1996 || Shimon Peres || 1997 || Daniel Inouye
|-
|1998 || Craig Kielburger || 1999 || Bobby Muller
|-
|2000 || Louise Arbour || 2001 || De [[Twidde Waereldoôrlog]]-veteraonen:
* Richard Winters (United States Army)
* Robert Bush (United States Navy)
* Treddy Ketcham (United States Marine Corps)
* Lee Archer (United States Air Force)
* Ellen Buckley (United States Army Nurse Corps)
|-
|2002 || Ernesto Zedillo || 2003 || Robert Byrd
|-
|2004 || Max Kohnstamm || 2005 || Lee Hamilton en Thomas Kean
|-
|2006 || Aung San Suu Kyi || 2007 || Brent Scowcroft
|-
|2008 || Willemijn Verloop (War Child) || 2009 || Pasquale D'Amuro
|-
|2010 || Gareth Evans || 2011 || Bryan Stevenson
|-
|2012 || Hussain al-Shahristani || 2013 || Ameena Matthews
|-
|2014 || Malala Yousafzai || 2015 || The Nation
|-
|2016 || || 2017 || 
|-
|2018 || || 2019 || 
|-
|2020 || || 2021 || 
|-
|2022 || || 2023 || 
|-
|2024 || || 2025 || 
|-
|2026 || Gisèle Pelicot || 2027 || 
|-
|2028 || || 2029 || 
|-
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:JWilliamFulbright.jpeg|thumb|125x150px|J. William Fulbright&lt;br /&gt;1989]]
|[[plaetje:Bobby Muller.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Bobby Muller&lt;br /&gt;1999]]
|[[plaetje:Louise Arbour - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2011.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Louise Arbour&lt;br /&gt;2000]]
|[[plaetje:Aung San Suu Kyi gives speech.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Aung San Suu Kyi&lt;br /&gt;2006]]
|}

=== Speciaole verlening ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-valign=&quot;top&quot;
|1984 || Simone Veil (''centenial award'')
|2002 || William vanden Heuvel
|2005 || BBC World Service
|-
|1990 || Michail Gorbatsjov
|2003 || Arthur M. Schlesinger jr.
|2005 || Mary Soames
|-
|1995 || Jonas Salk
|2004 || Anton Rupert
|2006 || Mike Wallace
|-
|1995 || [[Ruud Lubbers]]
|2004 || Bob Dole
|2008 || Forrest Church
|}

{|
|[[plaetje:RIAN archive 485307 Mikhail Gorbachev.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Michail Gorbatsjov&lt;br /&gt;1990]]
|[[plaetje:Ruud Lubbers.jpg|thumb|125x150px|[[Ruud Lubbers]]&lt;br /&gt;1995]]
|[[plaetje:Lady Soames 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Mary Soames&lt;br /&gt;2005]]
|[[plaetje:Forrest Church 2008 2.jpg|thumb|125x150px|Forrest Church&lt;br /&gt;2008]]
|}

== Lienks nae buten ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute], New York
*[http://www.fourfreedoms.nl/ Roosevelt Stichting], Middelburg
*NOS (2008) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;v=da7SSVh_rsA#! documentaire over de awards]
*Oosthoek, A.L. (2010) ''Roosevelt in Middelburg: the four freedoms awards 1982-2008''
*American Rethoric, [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrthefourfreedoms.htm ''Four Freedoms-Speech''] van Roosevelt

[[Categorie:Cultuur in Vereênigde Staeten]]
[[Categorie:Cultuur in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Middelburg]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2497" sha1="gpfs91b8dl3751qslu8nf7dzu3rcw9q" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Ruud Lubbers 1985.jpg|thumb|Ruud Lubbers (1985)]]

'''Ruud Lubbers''' ([[Kraeliengen (Rotterdam)]], 7 meie [[1939]] - Kraeliengen (Rotterdam), 14 feberwari [[2018]]) was 'n Nederlands [[Chrissen-Democraotisch Appèl|chrissen-democraotisch]] politicus. Van [[1982]] toet an [[1994]] was um minister-president van Nederland.

In 't kabinet-Den Uyl, wat regeerde van [[1973]] tot [[1977]], was um minister van Economische zaeken. 'Ie was eên van de jóngste ministers tot dan toe in Nederland. In die functie kreeg um te maeken mee tweê oliecrises. Kritiek kwam d'r op de levering van reactorvaeten an [[Zuud-Afrika]].
In 't kabinet-Van Agt I nam um gin zitting, mae ging nae de Twidde Kaemer. Toe in 1978 Willem Aantjes es fractievoozitter mos oftreeje volgde Lubbers dezen op. 

Nae tweê vroeg gevalle kabinetten ging Dries van Agt in 1982 uut de politiek. 't CDA, wat de groôste partij was geworre, leverde wel weer de premier; dat wier Ruud Lubbers. 'Ie formeerde een kabinèt mee de [[VVD]]. 't Beleid van 't kabinet-Lubbers I stong in 't teken van umvangrieke bezuuneginge, omdat de staesschuld 'oôg was opgelope. In 1982 wier 't Akkoord vaan Wassenaer geslote, wat as 't begin van 't Poldermodel wor gezieje. 't Kabinet-Lubbers II, ok CDA en VVD, zette dit beleid deu. Dit kabinèt viel in 1989 deu actie van de VVD. Datzelfde jaer wier 't Kabinet-Lubbers III geformeerd, uut CDA en PvdA. Dit kabinet was nie populair. Nae het oftreden van Lubbers verloor 't CDA in 1994 20 zetele in de Twidde Kaemer.

Lubbers kreeg in de jaeren '90 een oôge functie bie de Verenigde Naâties in [[New York City]], mae kreeg 'ier te maeken mie een anklacht vanwege vermeênde seksuele intimidâtie.

Um studeerde economie an d'n [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]], was getrouwd en [[katteliek]].

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-Lubbers I]] (1982-1986): [[CDA]], [[VVD]]
* [[Kabinet-Lubbers II]] (1986-1989): CDA, VVD
* [[Kabinet-Lubbers III]] (1989-1994): CDA, [[PvdA]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/01734 Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/ruud-lubbers-biografie-minister-president/139231/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lubbers, Ruud}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands ongernemer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Papendrecht</title>
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      <text bytes="4052" sha1="odm0dzm6ffra04zv4kr9cpy7p6m9mak" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Papendrecht 
|dialect1       = Alblasserwaerds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          =
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0590 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Papendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Alblasserwaerd
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]]
|hoofdplaats    = Papendrecht 
|oppervlakte    = 11
|oppervlakte1   = 9
|oppervlakte2   = 1
|inwoners       = 32.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 3432
|graden         = {{Koord|51|50|N|4|42|L}}
}}
'''Papendrecht''' is een gemeênte en plekke in den provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 32.000 inweuners.

Tis oôrspronkelijk een diekdurp en liet an den rieksweg [[A15]] en de rivieren [[Noôrd]] en [[Beneden-Merwede]].

Papendrecht liet dicht tehen [[Alblasserdam]] en is illemille tehen [[Sliedrecht]] anhehroeid.

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Papendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1817 - 1856
| Pieter Janszoon Wapperom
|
|
|-
| 1856 - 1870
| Janus Cornelis Singels
|
|
|-
| 1870 - 1904
| Adriaan Bonten
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1924
| Nicolaas Bonten
|
|
|-
| 1924 - 1945
| Pieter van Rees
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1947 - 1966
| Petrus Johannes Keijzer
| ARP
| overliejd &lt;br&gt; 1937-1943 burhemeêster van [[Goereê]] &lt;br&gt; en [[Stellendam]]
|-
| 1966 - 1987
| Marius Soetendal
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1987 - 1995
| Ronald Bandell
| [[PPR]] / [[PvdA]]
| 2000-2010 burhemeêster van [[Dordt]]
|-
| 1996 - 2001
| Liesbeth Tuijnman
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2001 - 2016
| Cees de Bruin
| VVD
|
|-
| 2016 - 2021
| Aart-Jan Moerkerke
| VVD
|
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Annemiek Jetten
| PvdA 
| waernemend &lt;br&gt; 2013-2017 burhemeêster van [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]]
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Margreet van Driel
| 
| 2017-2022 wetouwer van [[Zoetermeer]]
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 25 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| [[PVV]]
| 6
| || || 
| || || 
| || || 
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4
| 3 || 2 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 4 || 3
|-
| Onafhankelijk &lt;br&gt; Papendrecht
| 2
| 4 || 2 || 1
|  ||  || 
|  ||  || 
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2
| 3 || 3 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 2
| || || 
| || || 
| || || 
|-
| [[GL]]
|
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 1 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]]
|
| 1 || 1 || 2
| 3 || 6 || 3
| 5 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[SGP]]
| 2
| 2 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 2 ||  || 1
| 1 || 4 || 2
|-
| [[50+]]
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹
| 1
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Papendrechts &lt;br&gt; Algemeen Belang
| 1
| 5 || 9 || 7
| 5 || 4 || 7
| 2 || 2 || 1
|-
! Totael 
! 23
! 23 || 23 || 23
! 23 || 23 || 23
! 21 || 21 || 21
|-
! Opkomst 
! 55%
! 48% || 53% || 53% 
! 51% || 58% || 61% 
! 60% || 66% || 62% 
|}

¹ 1990: RPF, 1994-1998: GPV + RPF

== Trivia ==
* Papendrecht stoôt op plekke zes van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.papendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119151852/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/papendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/papendrecht/ AlleCijfers]


&lt;Gallery&gt;
PapendrechtHervormdeKerk01.JPG|'Ervormde Hroôte Kerke
BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Papendrecht.png|Kaerte mie anhrenzende plekken
PapendrechtMeento4.JPG|Winkelcentrum De Meent
Waterbushalte Papendrecht Veerdam luchtfoto 01.jpg|Waeterbus bie Papendrecht
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Alblasserwaerd]]
[[Categorie:Drechtsteê]]</text>
      <sha1>odm0dzm6ffra04zv4kr9cpy7p6m9mak</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dries van Agt</title>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1749" sha1="0r8w0fziz8hr3dsz66lshx41tcjm946" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Dries van Agt 1980.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Dries van Agt''' ([[Geldrop]], 2 feberwari [[1931]] - [[Nijmegen]], 5 feberwari [[2024]]) was van [[1977]] toet [[1982]] premier van [[Nederland]]. Um was toet 2021 lid van 't [[CDA]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2386014-van-agt-zegt-lidmaatschap-cda-op-vanwege-opstelling-naar-palestijnen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

Van 1971 toet 1977 was um minister van justitie in de [[kabinet-Biesheuvel I|kabinet'n Biesheuvel I]], [[kabinet-Biesheuvel II|II]] en [[kabinet-Den Uyl|Den Uyl]].

1983 toet 1987 was hie [[Commissaoris van de Konienk|Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] in [[Noord-Braebant]].  

De laetste jaeren was um veural bekend om z'n scherpe uutlaetingen richtieng [[Israël]] in verband mie de [[Palestijnen]].

Van Agt stond ok bekend om z'n blommerieke taelgebruuk. Oôrspronkelijk was um 'oôgleraer strafrech.

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-Van Agt I]] (1977-1981): [[CDA]], [[VVD]]
* [[Kabinet-Van Agt II]] (1981-1982): CDA, [[PvdA]], [[D'66]]
* [[Kabinet-Van Agt III]] (1982): CDA, D'66

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/01801 Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/dries-van-agt-1931/2698/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Agt, Dries van}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands activist]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Rechsheleêrde]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]</text>
      <sha1>0r8w0fziz8hr3dsz66lshx41tcjm946</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Han Polman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10713</id>
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      <id>174868</id>
      <parentid>174329</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:05:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174868</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1289" sha1="8fywckzf6bipw1u7vnk8ezrlt28bv94" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Han Polman bij het IPO jaarcongres 2014 (15227713058).jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Han Polman''' ([[Oôtmarsum]], 16 jannewari [[1963]]) is 'n Nederlandse politicus voe [[D66]]. 

Van 1994 toet 2001 was um lid van de gemeênteraed van [[D'n Aegt]].

Polman was van 2001 toet 2005 burhemeêster van [[Noordwiekerout]] en van 2005 toet 2013 van [[Berrehe op Zoom]].

Van 1 maerte 2013 toet 15 september 2024 was um [[Commissaoris van de Konienk|Commissaoris van de Konieng(inne)]] in [[Zeêland]], as opvolger van [[Karla Peijs]].

Sins 15 september 2024 is um staetsraed.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vj55dnvgevi8/biografie/j_m_m_han_polman Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Han_Polman Encyclopedie van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konieng(inne) van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Karla Peijs]]
| 2013 — 2024
| [[Hugo de Jonge]] (wnd)
|}

{{Stompje}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Polman, Han}}
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Staetsraed]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in D'n Aegt]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2026</title>
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    <id>11025</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-16T18:38:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* april */</comment>
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      <text bytes="29365" sha1="f565at8hf41nts1cguieaz37kymaa88" xml:space="preserve">{{jaorboks}}
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (±82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5 || 3 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (±82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 april]] - Waepenstilstand van tien daegen tussen [[Libanon]] en [[Israël]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610766-staakt-het-vuren-ingegaan-in-libanon-nodig-om-vrede-te-bereiken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 april]] - Waepenstilstand van tien daegen tussen [[Libanon]] en [[Israël]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610766-staakt-het-vuren-ingegaan-in-libanon-nodig-om-vrede-te-bereiken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 april - Aziatische hoornaar 'iet veurtaen geelpoothoornaar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610813-naam-aziatische-hoornaar-was-verwarrend-vanaf-nu-geelpoothoornaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 april]] - Waepenstilstand van tien daegen tussen [[Libanon]] en [[Israël]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610766-staakt-het-vuren-ingegaan-in-libanon-nodig-om-vrede-te-bereiken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 april - Aziatische 'oôrnaer 'iet veurtaen geelpoôtoôrnaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610813-naam-aziatische-hoornaar-was-verwarrend-vanaf-nu-geelpoothoornaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is een [[jaer]].

== Hebeurtenisse ==

=== jannewari ===
* [[1 jannewari]] - [[Flevoland]] bestaet 40 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596691-flevoland-jongste-provincie-van-nederland-bestaat-40-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - [[Bulharije]] gaet over op den [[euro]].
* 1 jannewari - Vee doôden (41) en gewonden (116) bie een cafébrand int [[Zwitserland|Zwitserse]] [[Crans-Montana]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596707-circa-40-doden-en-115-gewonden-in-bar-zwitserland-een-van-de-ergste-tragedies-in-ons-land NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vondelkerke in [[Amsterdam]] deu brand bienae illemille verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596645-brand-verwoest-vondelkerk-in-amsterdam-huizen-ontruimd-vanwege-vonkenregen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 jannewari - Vee geweld tehen 'ulpeverleners en overlast tiedens den jaerwisselieng in [[Nederland]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/jaarwisseling/6381256/politie-verwoestende-impact-brandstichting-en-zwaar-vuurwerk-op-jaarwisseling.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1-[[11 jannewari]] - [[Sneêuw]] in Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596814-waardoor-sneeuwt-het-nu-zo-veel-en-blijft-dat-nog-lang-doorgaan NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 jannewari]] - Luchtanvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Venezuela]], president [[Nicolás Maduro]] evange enome.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596844-trump-claimt-gevangenname-van-venezolaanse-president-maduro-en-bevestigt-aanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3 jannewari - Dertig mins'n vermoôrd bie anval op durp in [[Niheria|Niheriaonse]] deêlstaet Niher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2596962-dertig-doden-bij-aanval-van-gewapende-mannen-op-dorpje-nigeria NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 jannewari]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 2,3 in [[Herten (Nederland)|Herten]] in [[Nederlands Limburg]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597047-aardbeving-met-kracht-van-2-3-in-limburgse-herten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 jannewari]] - Protesten tehen overeid in vee provincies in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597224-protesten-in-meeste-provincies-in-iran NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 jannewari]] - [[Rusland]] gebruukt hypersonische raket bie anval op [[Lviv]] in [[Oekraïne]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597469-doden-bij-aanvallen-op-oekraine-rusland-zegt-hypersonische-raket-te-hebben-gebruikt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 jannewari]] - Noôdtoestand in Zuudoôst-[[Australië]], veural in de deêlstaeten [[Victoria]] en [[New South Wales]], vanwehe zwaere bosbranden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597615-noodtoestand-in-deel-australie-vanwege-natuurbranden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 jannewari]] - Meêr toezicht op den leste trein op vrie- en zaeterdagavond van den [[Zeêuwse lijn]] richtieng [[Zeêland]] vanwehe overlast deu jongeren.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18112523/extra-toezicht-na-vechtpartijen-en-vernielingen-in-laatste-trein-naar-zeeland OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 jannewari]] - Groôte bosbranden int [[Arhentinië|Arhentijnse]] deêl van [[Patagonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597858-bosbranden-teisteren-deel-zuiden-argentinie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 jannewari - [[Olifant]] doôdt in nehen daegen 20 mins'n in den deêlstaet [[Jharkand]] (Oôst-[[India]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2597893-jacht-in-india-op-olifant-die-20-mensen-doodde NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 jannewari]] - Kraone valt op trein in [[Thailand]] mie 32 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598083-kraan-valt-op-thaise-trein-zeker-30-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 jannewari]] - [[Wikipedia]] bestaet 25 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598264-wikipedia-bestaat-25-jaar-maar-encyclopedie-voelt-druk-van-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 jannewari - Recordstand vò [[AEX]], breekt deu hrens van duuzend punten, veural veroôrzaekt deu [[IT]]-bedrieven.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598251-aex-doorbreekt-grens-van-1000-punten-tech-aandelen-grote-aanjager-op-beurs NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 jannewari]] - Overstroômiengen mie doôden in zuudelijk [[Afrika]] deu zwaere rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598496-meer-dan-200-doden-door-overstromingen-zuidelijk-afrika NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 16 jannewari - Natuur van den [[Onte]] deu jaerenlang bahern verwoest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18127475/wetenschappers-decennialang-baggeren-heeft-westerscheldenatuur-verwoest OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 jannewari]] - [[Oceaon]]verdrag treedt in werkieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598513-oceaanverdrag-van-kracht-moet-30-procent-van-de-zee-beschermen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 jannewari]] - Treinongeluk in Zuud-[[Spanje]] mie 45 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598790-dodental-treinongeluk-spanje-op-39-berging-verloopt-moeizaam NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 jannewari - [[Senehal]] wint mie 1-0 tehen [[Marokko]] den [[Afrika]] Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598768-marokko-moet-afrika-cup-aan-senegal-laten-na-gemiste-penalty-in-slotminuut NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 jannewari]] - Zeêr zeldzaeme spooke broead waer enome in [[Middelburg]], een aerdesterre mie den naem Geastrum welwitschii.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18131942/paddenstoelenexpert-henk-en-zijn-vrouw-willy-ontdekken-zeldzame-paddenstoel-in-tuincentrum-middelburg OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 jannewari]] - Zeven [[Twidde Kaemer]]leden van den [[PVV]] onger leidieng van [[Gidi Markuszower]] stapp'n uut den partie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2598974-opstand-tegen-wilders-zeven-pvv-ers-beginnen-eigen-fractie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 jannewari]] - [[Zilver]] gaet deu recordpries van 100 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/economie/6383633/zilver-breekt-voor-het-eerst-door-grens-van-100-dollar.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 jannewari]] - 67 doôden deu brand in wienkelcentrum in den [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] stad [[Karachi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599286-dodental-brand-winkelcentrum-pakistan-loopt-op-oorzaak-mogelijk-kortsluiting NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Goud]] gaet deu recordpries van 5.000 dollar.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599725-goudprijs-bereikt-recordhoogte-van-5000-dollar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 jannewari - Overstroômiengen in [[Mozambique]] deu 'evige rehenval en dammebreuken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2599813-mozambique-getroffen-door-een-van-de-zwaarste-overstromingen-in-25-jaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 jannewari]] - [[Dollar]] op laegste peil sins den zeumer van [[2021]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600027-dollar-krijgt-flinke-klap-en-blijft-dalen-goed-voor-de-export-maar-niet-zonder-risico-s NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 28 jannewari - Meêr as 400 doôden deu gedeêltelijke instortieng van goudmien in Oôst-[[Konho-Kinshasa|Kongo]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600346-mijn-in-congo-stort-in-meer-dan-200-doden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[29 jannewari]] - [[ING]] behaelt een winst van 6 miljard euro over 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600121-ing-boekte-in-2025-ruim-6-miljard-winst-wel-zorgen-over-aanhoudende-onzekerheid NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Volgens een [[Israël]]ische militaire bron ist juust dat er ruum 71.000 Palestijn'n tiedens den oôrlog in den [[Gazastroôke]] binne gedoôd; 't Israëlische leher ontkent dit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600196-israelisch-leger-erkent-ruim-71-000-palestijnen-gedood-bij-oorlog-in-gaza NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgpd1x00exo BBC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Tata Steel uut [[Iemuje]] krieg recordboete vò schaedelijke uutstoôt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/klimaat/6384257/tata-steel-krijgt-recordboete-van-85-miljoen-euro-vanwege-schadelijke-uitstoot.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Den [[Europeêse Unie]] zet den [[Iran|Iraonse]] Revolutionaire Garde op den terreurlieste.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/01/29/eu-zet-iraanse-revolutionaire-garde-op-terreurlijst/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 29 jannewari - Kunstschilder [[Jo Dumon Tak]] is erg kwaed vanwehe lossnieë van z'n panorama over [[Walchren]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18162866/doeken-panorama-walcheren-kapotgesneden-wie-dit-heeft-gedaan-moet-zich-kapot-schamen OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 jannewari]] - Den economie van [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 1,9 percent gegroeid.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600248-nederlandse-economie-groeit-bijna-2-procent NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[31 jannewari]] - Lucinda Brand wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò wuven in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18168638/lucinda-brand-voert-volledig-nederlands-podium-aan-op-vrouwenwedstrijd-wk-veldrijden-in-hulst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== feberwari ===
* [[1 feberwari]] - Mathieu van der Poel wint 't waereldkampioenschap veldriejen vò venters in [['Ulst (plekke)|'Ulst]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18170500/historie-in-hulst-mathieu-van-der-poel-breekt-met-achtste-wereldtitel-stokoud-record OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1 feberwari - Bienae 200 doôden bie gevechten tussen strieders en 't [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] leher in [[Beloetsjistan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600506-bijna-200-doden-bij-gevechten-met-militanten-in-pakistaanse-provincie NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[3 feberwari]] - [[D66]]-leider [[Rob Jetten]] wor formateur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2600857-jetten-op-zoek-naar-ministers-coalitieakkoord-na-kritisch-debat-nog-overeind NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 feberwari]] - The World Factbook van den [[CIA]] stopt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/04/cia-trekt-stekker-uit-het-world-factbook/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[5 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in Noôrdwest-[[Marokko]], Zuud-[[Spanje]] en Zuud-[[Portuhal]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601086-tienduizenden-marokkanen-geevacueerd-vanwege-noodweer-ook-problemen-in-spanje-en-portugal NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 5 feberwari - 't Kernwaepenverdraeg tussen de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Rusland]] eindigt vandaeg; den Amerikaonse president [[Donald Trump]] wil een nieuw kernwaepenverdrag, waerbie ok [[China]] wor betrokke.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/02/05/vs-rusland-new-start-trump/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 feberwari|6]]-[[22 feberwari]] - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren in [[Milaen]] en [[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] 'ehouwen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/sport/os-2026 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6 feberwari - Weêkenlange groôte koersdaelieng van den [[bitcoin]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601197-bitcoin-in-vrije-val-maar-een-duidelijke-oorzaak-is-er-niet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 feberwari]] - Vier groôte Amerikaonse techbedrieven gaen vuufonderd miljard dollar investeren in o.a. datacenters.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601407-techgiganten-gaan-honderden-miljarden-investeren-in-onder-meer-datacenters NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 feberwari - Hroeiende kerreken van migranten (in [[Rotterdam]] en [[Amsterdam]]) 'ebben onvoldoende 'uusvestieng.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601476-migrantenkerken-groeien-maar-vinden-steeds-moeilijker-onderdak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 feberwari]] - Jutta Leerdam wint goud (olympisch record) en Femke Kok zilver op den duuzend meter schaetsen op de [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601639-leerdam-schaatst-naar-olympisch-goud-op-1-000-meter-kok-verovert-zilver NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 feberwari]] - [[Philips]] maekt sins jaeren weêr winst.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601706-philips-boekt-na-jaren-weer-winst NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[NAVO]] behint mie missie op [[noôrdpole]], Arctic Sentry.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601906-navo-lanceert-noordpoolmissie-arctic-sentry-en-hoopt-crisis-achter-zich-te-laten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Sins 't behin van de demonstraoties ende december binne d'r zeven duuzend mins'n gedoôd in [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/collectie/14010/artikel/2602024-mensenrechtenorganisatie-dodental-demonstraties-iran-opgelopen-tot-ruim-7000 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 11 feberwari - Orkaon in [[Madahaskar]], veural 'aevenstad [[Toamasina]] zwaer hetroffen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2601928-20-doden-in-madagaskar-door-orkaan-gezani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 feberwari]] - Noôdweêr in [[Zuidwest-Europa]], veural in Zuud-[[Frankriek]] en [[Catalonië]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602249-doden-en-schade-door-noodweer-in-frankrijk-en-spanje NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Akkoôrd over een nieuwe reherieng vò 't [[Brussels Hewest]] nae 613 daegen (record).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/liveblog/brusselse-regering-legt-eed-af-in-parlement-boris-dillies-mr-~1764248864904/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Telecomprovider Odido gehackt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602080-hack-bij-odido-gegevens-miljoenen-klanten-in-handen-van-criminelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 12 feberwari - Toerisme in [[Zeêland]] is in 2025 edaeld, d'r is te weinig te doen en tis te diere.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18194360/toerismesector-slaat-alarm-over-dalende-overnachtingen-te-weinig-te-doen-en-te-duur OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 feberwari]] - Kritiek op dichtmaeken van gasputt'n in [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602361-tno-niet-alle-gasputten-groningen-dichtmetselen-acuut-tekort-denkbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 14 feberwari - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't [[Iran|Iraonse]] regime bie den jaerlijkse veiligeidsconferentie in [[München]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602440-honderdduizenden-mensen-demonstreren-in-munchen-tegen-iraans-regime NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 feberwari]] - Den [[Israël]]ische reherieng gaet meêr controle uutoefenen over den [[Westoever]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602634-israel-breidt-controle-over-bezette-westelijke-jordaanoever-verder-uit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 15 feberwari - [[Oekraïne]] valt mie drones olieinstallaoties an in den [[Rusland|Russische]] 'aevenstad [[Taman]] an den [[Zwarte Zeê]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2602548-grote-branden-in-russische-haven-aan-zwarte-zee-na-oekraiense-aanval NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 feberwari]] - Record an antal daegen rehen in [[Frankriek]], daerdeur overstroômiengen in (zuud)westen vant land.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603045-al-35-dagen-dagen-neerslag-in-frankrijk-langste-regenreeks-ooit-gemeten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 feberwari]] - Tienduuzenden [[Kraenveugelachtegen|kraenveugels]] in [[West-Europa]] en [[Duutsland]] doôd deu veugelhriep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603103-tienduizenden-kraanvogels-dood-door-vogelgriepvirus NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 feberwari - Vee [[lawine]]s mie vee doôden in de [[Alpen]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603167-veel-lawines-in-de-alpen-12-tot-15-minuten-om-te-overleven NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in Oôst-[[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603375-zeker-twaalf-doden-bij-israelische-luchtaanvallen-in-oosten-van-libanon NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[22 feberwari]] - 't [[Mexico|Mexicaonse]] leher doôdt den leider vant Jaliscokartel, een beruchte drugsbende.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603611-leider-berucht-mexicaans-jaliscokartel-gedood-door-leger NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 22 feberwari - De [[Olympische Speêl'n|Olympische Winterspeêl'n]] worren 'ewonne deu [[Noorwegen]], twidde wor de [[Vereênigde Staeten]], dorde wor [[Nederland]] (record 'oôgste plekke).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603559-nederland-eindigt-als-derde-op-olympische-medaillespiegel-hoogste-klassering-ooit NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 feberwari]] - 't [[Kabinet-Jetten]] treedt an.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603685-kabinet-jetten-officieel-beedigd-en-kan-aan-de-slag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Den Zeêuw [[Jo-Annes de Bat]] (voormaelig gedeputeêrde van Zeêland) wor staetssecretaoris int kabinet-Jetten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/WYckN PZC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 23 feberwari - Zeldzaeme [[dwergnijlpaerd]]en waerenomen in [[Ivoôrkust]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2603748-unieke-beelden-van-dwergnijlpaard-we-hadden-alleen-een-glimp-verwacht NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 feberwari]] - Winst van 120 miljard dollar vò Amerikaonse chipbedrief Nvidia.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604114-chipmaker-nvidia-maakt-ruim-100-miljard-euro-winst-door-investeringen-in-ai NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[27 feberwari]] - Paramount neemt vò 110 miljard dollar Warner Bros. over.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604304-paramount-sluit-overnamedeal-van-110-miljard-dollar-met-warner-bros NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 27 feberwari - Luchtanvall'n van [[Pakistan]] op steê in [[Afghanistan]] (o.a. [[Kaboel]]).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604165-pakistan-voert-luchtaanvallen-uit-op-kabul-minister-spreekt-van-openlijke-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 feberwari]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Israël]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] op [[Iran]] (o.a. [[Teheran]]), doel is een machtswisselieng int land. Den Iraonse leider Ali Khamenei komt daerbie om. Iran slaet terug mie luchtanvall'n op [[Israël]] en veural opt Amerikaonse leher in [[Jordaonië]], [[Syrië]] en de [[Holfstaeten]]. Iran sluut den [[Straet van Hormoez]] of, wat gevolgen kan 'ebben vò den oliepries.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604370-aanvallen-over-en-weer-in-het-midden-oosten-dit-is-wat-we-nu-weten NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604437-escalatie-in-de-golf-iraanse-raketten-dwingen-regio-tot-keuze NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604456-iraanse-leider-khamenei-gedood-bij-amerikaanse-en-israelische-luchtaanvallen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== maerte ===
* [[2 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Hezbollah]] op [[Israël]], Israël antwoordt mie luchtanvall'n op Hezollah in [[Libanon]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2604618-doden-in-libanon-door-aanvallen-tussen-israel-en-hezbollah NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[4 maerte]] - Luchtanvall'n van [[Iran]] op [[Koerden|Koerdische]] milities int noôrden van [[Irak]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605017-iran-zegt-koerden-in-noordwesten-aan-te-vallen-raketaanval-op-hoofdkwartier-in-irak NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[7 maerte]] - 'Evige rehenval in [[Kenia]], 'oôdstad [[Nairobi]] in de problemen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605300-23-doden-na-hevige-regenval-nairobi-in-kenia-dodental-kan-nog-oplopen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 maerte]] - Mojtaba Khamenei volgt um z'n vaor Ali Khamenei op as 'oôgste leider van [[Iran]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605626-irans-nieuwe-leider-mojtaba-khamenei-is-hardliner-die-niets-van-westen-moet-hebben NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 maerte]] - Priezen van olie en gas zeer 'oôg deu oôrlog int [[Midden-Oôsten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605622-energieprijzen-door-het-dak-nu-eind-aan-iran-oorlog-niet-in-zicht-is NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 maerte]] - 't Hebruuk van den telefoon bestaet 150 jaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605723-150-jaar-telefonie-bellen-blijft-maar-de-manier-waarop-verandert NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 10 maerte - Chipbedrief ASML uut [[Veldoven]] gaet uutbreien nae [[Eindoven]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2605842-asml-mag-uitbreiden-tweede-vestiging-met-20-000-medewerkers NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 maerte]] - 't Antal geloôvigen is in Nederland in 2025 edaeld nae 42%, alleêne in den provincie [[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]] is den meêrdereid geloôvig. In [[Zeêland]] is bienae den 'elft geloôvig en binne de meêste [[protestant]]en per provincie.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/binnenland/6388998/alleen-in-limburg-rekent-meerderheid-zich-nog-tot-een-geloof.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Luchtanvall'n van de Vereênigde Staeten op militaire installaoties opt vò den [[Iran|Iraonse]] olieuutvoer zeêr belangrieke eilandje Kharg in den [[Perzische Holf]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2026/03/13/iran-eilanden-perzische-golf/ VRT]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 maerte - Den [[SGP]] in [[Vlissienge]] ei van alle plaetselijke partieën de meêste wuven op den liest vò de gemeênteraedsverkieziengen, ok is meêr as den 'elft van de kandidaoten een wuuf. Liestetrekker is vanover 't eêste vrouwelijke SGP-raedslid [[Lilian Janse-van der Weele]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18285927/opvallend-sgp-heeft-in-vlissingen-de-meeste-vrouwen-op-de-lijst OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[14 maerte]] - [[Aerdbevieng]] mie een kracht van 3,0 bie [[Eleveld]]-[[Geelbroek]] in [[Drenthe]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606245-aardbeving-van-3-0-bij-eleveld-in-drenthe-deze-was-goed-te-voelen NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[15 maerte]] - Den ofnaeme van den leêfbaereid in den gemeênte [[Ter Veere (gemeênte)|Ter Veere]] deu den hroei vant toerisme is een belangriek ongerwerp bie de kommende gemeênteraedsverkieziengen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606391-toerisme-twistpunt-bij-gemeenteraadsverkiezingen-in-het-zeeuwse-veere NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 maerte]] - 23 doôden bie bomanslagen in den stad [[Maiduguri]] in Noôrdoôst-[[Niheria]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606654-doden-en-gewonden-bij-bomaanslagen-in-nigeriaanse-miljoenenstad-maiduguri NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 maerte]] - [[Marokko]] toch winnaer van den Afrika Cup.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606743-marokko-toch-winnaar-afrika-cup-senegal-raakt-titel-kwijt NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 maerte - [[Israël]] doôdt den [[Iran|Iraonse]] veiligeidschef en den leider van den paramilitaire Basij.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606673-israelisch-leger-twee-hoge-iraniers-gedood-onder-wie-kopstuk-larijani NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[18 maerte]] - [[Nederlandse gemeênte|Gemeênteraedsverkieziengen in Nederland]]: den opkomst is 54%, meêste zeêtels nae plaetselijke partieën.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606889-lokale-partijen-zetten-opmars-door-opkomst-hoger-dan-in-2022 NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 18 maerte - [[Israël]] bombardeêrt in [[Iran]] 't hroôtste gasveld ter waereld, as vergeldieng bombardeêrt Iran een gasveld in [[Qatar]] mie as hevolg een vaddere stiegieng van de olie- en gaspriezen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2606878-aanvallen-op-gasinstallaties-iran-en-qatar-wordt-meer-een-energie-oorlog NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[19 maerte]] - Volgens den Israëlische premier [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] kan [[Iran]] deu de anvall'n van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]] en [[Israël]] hin [[uranium]] meêr verrieken en hin ballistische rakett'n meêr maeken.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607003-netanyahu-iran-niet-langer-in-staat-om-uranium-te-verrijken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 19 maerte - Vee sneêuw op de [[Cenarische Eilan'n]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/325003/video/hevige-sneeuwval-transformeert-tenerife-tot-sneeuwparadijs.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[20 maerte]] - Overstroômiengen in [[Hawaii]] deu 'evige rehenval.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607173-overstromingen-op-hawai-duizenden-mensen-geevacueerd NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[21 maerte]] - Extreme warmte int zuudwessen van de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607313-recordhitte-in-zuidwesten-vs-met-temperaturen-van-boven-40-graden NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[23 maerte]] - Volgens den Weareld Meteorologische Organisaotie (WMO) sloeg den [[aerde]] in 2025 meêr warmte op as vroeher.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607472-meteorologen-aarde-houdt-meer-warmte-vast-dan-ooit-gevolgen-nog-eeuwen-voelbaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[24 maerte]] - Den [[NASA]] wil een baosis op den [[maen (Aerde)|maen]] gaen bouwen waer vanof 2032 kan worren geweund.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607705-nasa-wil-begin-jaren-30-een-basis-op-de-maan-bouwen-en-cancelt-ruimtestation NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[26 maerte]] - Den naem van den combinaotie [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] wor Progressief Nederland (PRO).&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2607948-nieuwe-naam-groenlinks-pvda-bekend-progressief-nederland-kortweg-pro NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 26 maerte - Den [[Nederland]]se staet had in 2025 een tekort van 19 miljard euro oftewel 1,6% vant bbp en den staetsschuld steeg nae 524 miljard euro oftewel 44,4% vant bbp.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/nieuws/2026/13/inkomsten-uitgaven-en-schuld-van-de-overheid-boven-de-500-miljard-euro CBS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[28 maerte]] - Hroôte betoôgieng tehen 't beleid van president [[Donald Trump]] in alle [[Vereênigde Staeten|Amerikaonse]] staeten.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608235-in-alle-amerikaanse-staten-protest-tegen-president-trump NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[30 maerte]] - 't [[Israël]]ische parlement den [[Knesset]] stemt voo den doôdstraf voo moôrden deu ([[Palestina|Palestijns]]) terrorisme.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2608452-parlement-israel-stemt-voor-omstreden-doodstrafwet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

=== april ===
* [[1 april]] - Vee dode zeêsterr'n angespoeld opt strange van [[Ouwdurp]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/2174968/honderden-dode-zeesterren-aangespoeld-op-het-strand-van-ouddorp RM]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[6 april]] - 't 'Oôd van den inlichtiengendienst van den Islamitische Revolutionaire Garde ([[Iran]]) wor deu [[Israël]]ische luchtanvall'n gedoôd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2026/04/06/hoofd-iraanse-inlichtingendienst-revolutionaire-garde-gedood-a4924821#photo=MTM3MD NRC]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[8 april]] - Waepenstilstand van twi weêken tussen [[Iran]] en [[Israël]]-[[Vereênigde Staeten]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609553-vs-en-iran-akkoord-over-staakt-het-vuren-van-2-weken-straat-hormuz-gaat-weer-open NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 8 april - Zwaerste anval van [[Israël]] op [[Hezbollah]] in [[Libanon]] mie 254 doôden.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609643-zwaarste-israelische-aanvallen-op-libanon-met-254-doden-iran-sluit-straat-van-hormuz NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[9 april]] - 't Antal [[wolf|wolv'n]] in [[Nederland]] is in 2025 mie 30 toet 131 'estege.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609783-weer-meer-wolven-in-nederland-in-totaal-veertien-roedels-geteld NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[10 april]] - Zelfriejende waegens van Tesla meugen as eêste in Europa in Nederland gaen riejen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2609960-zelfrijdende-tesla-s-mogen-de-weg-op-in-nederland-eerste-land-in-europa NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[12 april]] - In de [[Honharije|Honhaorse]] verkieziengen verslaet den partie Tisza van oppositieleider Péter Magyar den partie Fidesz van premier [[Viktor Orbán]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610212-hongaarse-oppositieleider-magyar-wint-verkiezingen-orban-erkent-nederlaag NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[13 april]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] gaen as hevolg vant mislukk'n van de ongerandeliengen mie [[Iran]] den [[Straet van Hormuz]] blokkeren om den (beperkte) ofsluutieng deu Iran te stoppen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nu.nl/midden-oostenconflict/6392342/vs-kondigt-eigen-blokkade-straat-van-hormuz-aan-om-iran-te-dwarsbomen.html NU]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 13 april - Dode [[potvis]] gestrand tussen [[Renisse]] en Nieuw-[[Aemstie]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18372720/dode-potvis-drijft-weg-en-spoelt-aan-op-het-strand OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[16 april]] - President [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] van [[Oekraïne]] krieg in [[Middelburg]] den [[Four Freedoms Award]] (Freedom Medal).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18378525/zelensky-komt-naar-middelburg-voor-uitreiking-four-freedoms-awards-ook-koning-en-premier-aanwezig OZ]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[17 april]] - Waepenstilstand van tien daegen tussen [[Libanon]] en [[Israël]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610766-staakt-het-vuren-ingegaan-in-libanon-nodig-om-vrede-te-bereiken NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 17 april - Aziatische 'oôrnaer 'iet veurtaen geelpoôtoôrnaer.&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2610813-naam-aziatische-hoornaar-was-verwarrend-vanaf-nu-geelpoothoornaar NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kommende hebeurtenisse ==
* [[11 juni]]-[[19 juli]] - Waereldkampioenschap [[voebal]] vò mannelijke lan'nteams (FIFA World Cup 26) in [[Canada]], [[Mexico]] en de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].
* [[1 juli]] - Vanof noe is vierwerk verboden in [[Nederland]].
* [[4 juli]] - De [[Vereênigde Staeten]] bestaen 250 jaer.

== Hesturve ==
* [[13 jannewari]] - [[Jaap Sala]] (76), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Sluus (gemeênte)|Sluus]])
* [[16 jannewari]] - [[Willem Jan op 't Hof]] (78), Nederlands predikant en theoloôg
* [[26 jannewari]] - [[Arie van den Brand]] (74), Nederlands landbouwkundige, boer en politicus
* [[7 feberwari]] - [[Bert Broekhuis]] (82), Nederlands politicus (raedslid [[Tole (gemeênte)|Tole]])
* [[11 feberwari]] - [[Cees Nooteboom]] (92), Nederlands schriever en dichter
* [[6 maerte]] - [[Hans Wagner]] (62), Duuts-Nederlands politicus
* [[12 maerte]] - [[Wouter van Beijnum]] (79), Nederlands architect
* [[30 maerte]] - [[Huub van der Meer]] (82), Nederlands politicus (burhemeêster [[Oôstflakkeê]])

== Temperaturen ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=19 | antal maelen maximum temperatuur in [[De Bilt]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://weerstatistieken.nl/de-bilt/2026/januari Wst]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! rowspan=2 | maend !! colspan=15 | maximum temperaturen °C !! rowspan=2 | maend
|-
! -10--14 !! -5--9 !! 0--4 !! 0-+4 !! 5-9 !! 10-14 !! 15-19 !! 20-24 !! 25-29 !! 30-34 !! 35-39 !! 40-44 !! gemid. !! 'uudig gemid. &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20240114062700/https://www.weeronline.nl/nieuws/dit-is-het-nederlandse-jaarklimaat Won]&lt;/ref&gt; !! verschil
|-
| jan ||  ||  || 1 || 17 || 11 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 5,0° || 6,2°  || -1,2° || jan
|-
| feb ||  ||  ||  || 8 || 8 || 10 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 8,6° || 7,2°  || +1,4° || feb
|-
| mrt ||  ||  ||  ||  || 2 || 18 || 11 ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 13,3° || 10,4° || +2,9° || mrt
|-
| apr ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 6 || 7 || 2 ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,8° || ° || apr
|-
| mei ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 18,4° || ° || mei
|-
| jun ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 21,2° || ° || jun
|-
| jul ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 23,0° || ° || jul
|-
| oes ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 22,8° || ° || oes
|-
| sep ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 19,5° || ° || sep
|-
| okt ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,9° || ° || okt
|-
| nov ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 10,0° || ° || nov
|-
| dec ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 6,7°  || ° || dec
|-
! tot. ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ° || 14,6° || ° || tot.
|}

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Overzicht westgevel met ingangsportaal - Amsterdam - 20409010 - RCE.jpg|Vondelkerke
-i---i- (32923985971).jpg|[[Patagonië]]
Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.png|[[Wikipedia]] 25 jaer
Geastrum corollinum 241850068.jpg|Aerdesterre (Geastrum corollinum)
LocatieWesterschelde.png|[[Onte]]
Cortina d'Ampezzo and mountains Col Druscie, Tofana di Mezzo, Nuvolau, Averau and the Cinque Torri (cropped).jpg|[[Cortina d'Ampezzo]] mie omhevieng
Crane (Grus grus) calling).jpg|[[Kraenveugelachtegen|Kraenveugel]]
Pygmy Hippopotamuses in Shoushan Zoo.jpg|[[Dwergnijlpaerd]]en
&quot;Physical Middle East&quot; CIA World Factbook.png|[[Midden-Oôsten]]
Moon on October 19, 2021 (IMG 7062) - Flickr - gjdonatiello.jpg|[[Maen (Aerde)|Maen]]
Gemeiner Seestern.JPG|[[Gewone zeêster]]
Vespa Munsiyari.jpg|Geelpoôtoôrnaer (Aziatische 'oôrnaer)
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

== Noôten ==
{{Reflist|1=4}}

[[Categorie:Eenentwintegste eêuwe]]</text>
      <sha1>dl0mgn2qoewbzu5ar3mg4m85ad2am3i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Albrandswaerd</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="4240" sha1="fcsbciymb634kgmachcjy31t3k31mc7" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Albrandswaard
|dialect1       = West-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0613 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Albrandswaard-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Poôrtugael
|oppervlakte    = 24
|oppervlakte1   = 22
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 26.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 1220
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|25|L}}
}}
'''Albrandswaerd''' is 'n gemeênte in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 26.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Albrandswaerd is in 1985 ontstô uut 'n saemenvoegieng van de gemeênten [[Poôrtugael]] en [[Rhoôn]].

't Gemeêntehuus stoôt in Poôrtugael.

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Plekke || Inweuners &lt;br&gt; 2024 || Opmerkienge
|-
| [[Poôrtugael]] || 9.700 ||
|-
| [[Rhoôn]] || 16.800 || + [[Koedoôd]] (deêls) &lt;br&gt; + [[Smits'oek]] (deêls)
|-
! Totael || ~26.400 ||
|-
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1985 - 1993
| Han Temminck
| [[VVD]] 
| sins 1976 burhemeêster van [[Rhoôn]]
|-
| 1993 - 2005
| Anja Latenstein van Voorst-Woldringh
| VVD
|
|-
| 2005 - 2012
| [[Harald Bergmann]]
| VVD
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Ger van de Velde-de Wilde
| VVD
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| [[Hans Wagner]]
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2025
| Jolanda de Witte
| [[D66]]
|
|-
| 2025 - noe
| [[Cees Pille]]
| VVD
|
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den gemeênteraed van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 |Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026 || 2022 || 2018 
! 2014 || 2010 || 2006
! 2002 || 1998 || 1994
! 1990 || 1986 || 1985 
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Albrandswaard (EVA)
| 5 || 6 || 4
| 5 || 7 || 5
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard
| 4 || 1 || 3
| || || 
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4 || 4 || 5 
| 6 || 5 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ¹
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 4
| 3 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2 || 3 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| Stem-Lokaal
| 2 || 3 || 3
| || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2 || || 
| || ||
| || 1 || 2
| 3 || ||
|-
| Nieuwe Albrandswaardse &lt;br&gt; Partij (NAP)
| || 1 || 1
| 2 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 3
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ² - [[SGP]]
| || || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| || ||
|-
| Ouderen Politiek &lt;br&gt; Actief (OPA)
| || ||
| 3 || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard 2
| || ||
| || ||
| 2 || ||
| || ||
|-
! Totael
! 21 || 21 || 21
! 21 || 19 || 19
! 17 || 15 || 15
! 15 || 15 || 15
|-
! Opkomst
! 52% || 49% || 55% 
! 53% || 55% || 62% 
! 63% || 65% || 69% 
! 67% || 75% || 69%
|}

¹ toet 2018 alleêne PvdA

² 1994-1998: CU = GPV

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;Gallery&gt;
WLM - RobertsNL - 32180 (2).jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Poôrtugael
Rhoon 005.jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 011.jpg|Roôms-kattelieke Sint-Willibrorduskerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 004.jpg|Waepen van Rhoôn (''Wapen van Rhoon'')
Rhoon 003.jpg|Kasteêl van Rhoôn (''Kasteel van Rhoon'')
Jachthaven Rhoon.JPG|Jachthaven van Rhoôn
Rijsdijk Rhoon.JPG|De Riesdiek (''De Rijsdijk'') te Rhoôn
Wandelpad door natuurgebied Klein Profijt.jpg|Natuurhebied Klein Profiet (''Klein Profijt'') bie Rhoôn
Wandelpad door de Rhoonse Grienden.jpg|Rhoônse Griend'n
Poortugal 003.jpg|Landschap bie Poôrtugael
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

==Trivia==
* Albrandswaerd stoôt op plekke 18 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.albrandswaard.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815011421/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/albrandswaard Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/albrandswaard/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Albrandswaerd| ]]</text>
      <sha1>fcsbciymb634kgmachcjy31t3k31mc7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174789</id>
      <parentid>174788</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T16:31:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plekken */</comment>
      <origin>174789</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4216" sha1="scsm9nnlcy23yvew3zeq0c3whctz8d7" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Albrandswaard
|dialect1       = West-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0613 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Albrandswaard-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Poôrtugael
|oppervlakte    = 24
|oppervlakte1   = 22
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 26.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 1220
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|25|L}}
}}
'''Albrandswaerd''' is 'n gemeênte in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 26.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Albrandswaerd is in 1985 ontstô uut 'n saemenvoegieng van de gemeênten [[Poôrtugael]] en [[Rhoôn]].

't Gemeêntehuus stoôt in Poôrtugael.

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Albrandswaard.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Poôrtugael]]
* [[Rhoôn]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (diels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1985 - 1993
| Han Temminck
| [[VVD]] 
| sins 1976 burhemeêster van [[Rhoôn]]
|-
| 1993 - 2005
| Anja Latenstein van Voorst-Woldringh
| VVD
|
|-
| 2005 - 2012
| [[Harald Bergmann]]
| VVD
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Ger van de Velde-de Wilde
| VVD
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| [[Hans Wagner]]
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2025
| Jolanda de Witte
| [[D66]]
|
|-
| 2025 - noe
| [[Cees Pille]]
| VVD
|
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den gemeênteraed van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 |Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026 || 2022 || 2018 
! 2014 || 2010 || 2006
! 2002 || 1998 || 1994
! 1990 || 1986 || 1985 
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Albrandswaard (EVA)
| 5 || 6 || 4
| 5 || 7 || 5
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard
| 4 || 1 || 3
| || || 
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4 || 4 || 5 
| 6 || 5 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ¹
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 4
| 3 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2 || 3 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| Stem-Lokaal
| 2 || 3 || 3
| || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2 || || 
| || ||
| || 1 || 2
| 3 || ||
|-
| Nieuwe Albrandswaardse &lt;br&gt; Partij (NAP)
| || 1 || 1
| 2 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 3
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ² - [[SGP]]
| || || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| || ||
|-
| Ouderen Politiek &lt;br&gt; Actief (OPA)
| || ||
| 3 || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard 2
| || ||
| || ||
| 2 || ||
| || ||
|-
! Totael
! 21 || 21 || 21
! 21 || 19 || 19
! 17 || 15 || 15
! 15 || 15 || 15
|-
! Opkomst
! 52% || 49% || 55% 
! 53% || 55% || 62% 
! 63% || 65% || 69% 
! 67% || 75% || 69%
|}

¹ toet 2018 alleêne PvdA

² 1994-1998: CU = GPV

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;Gallery&gt;
WLM - RobertsNL - 32180 (2).jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Poôrtugael
Rhoon 005.jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 011.jpg|Roôms-kattelieke Sint-Willibrorduskerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 004.jpg|Waepen van Rhoôn (''Wapen van Rhoon'')
Rhoon 003.jpg|Kasteêl van Rhoôn (''Kasteel van Rhoon'')
Jachthaven Rhoon.JPG|Jachthaven van Rhoôn
Rijsdijk Rhoon.JPG|De Riesdiek (''De Rijsdijk'') te Rhoôn
Wandelpad door natuurgebied Klein Profijt.jpg|Natuurhebied Klein Profiet (''Klein Profijt'') bie Rhoôn
Wandelpad door de Rhoonse Grienden.jpg|Rhoônse Griend'n
Poortugal 003.jpg|Landschap bie Poôrtugael
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

==Trivia==
* Albrandswaerd stoôt op plekke 18 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.albrandswaard.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815011421/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/albrandswaard Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/albrandswaard/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Albrandswaerd| ]]</text>
      <sha1>scsm9nnlcy23yvew3zeq0c3whctz8d7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174790</id>
      <parentid>174789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T16:34:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lienks nae buten */</comment>
      <origin>174790</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4204" sha1="4vgneyomrdv137h7tghdvbspxgs77ww" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Albrandswaard
|dialect1       = West-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0613 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Albrandswaard-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Poôrtugael
|oppervlakte    = 24
|oppervlakte1   = 22
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 26.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 1220
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|25|L}}
}}
'''Albrandswaerd''' is 'n gemeênte in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 26.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Albrandswaerd is in 1985 ontstô uut 'n saemenvoegieng van de gemeênten [[Poôrtugael]] en [[Rhoôn]].

't Gemeêntehuus stoôt in Poôrtugael.

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Albrandswaard.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Poôrtugael]]
* [[Rhoôn]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (diels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1985 - 1993
| Han Temminck
| [[VVD]] 
| sins 1976 burhemeêster van [[Rhoôn]]
|-
| 1993 - 2005
| Anja Latenstein van Voorst-Woldringh
| VVD
|
|-
| 2005 - 2012
| [[Harald Bergmann]]
| VVD
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Ger van de Velde-de Wilde
| VVD
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| [[Hans Wagner]]
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2025
| Jolanda de Witte
| [[D66]]
|
|-
| 2025 - noe
| [[Cees Pille]]
| VVD
|
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den gemeênteraed van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 |Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026 || 2022 || 2018 
! 2014 || 2010 || 2006
! 2002 || 1998 || 1994
! 1990 || 1986 || 1985 
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Albrandswaard (EVA)
| 5 || 6 || 4
| 5 || 7 || 5
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard
| 4 || 1 || 3
| || || 
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4 || 4 || 5 
| 6 || 5 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ¹
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 4
| 3 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2 || 3 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| Stem-Lokaal
| 2 || 3 || 3
| || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2 || || 
| || ||
| || 1 || 2
| 3 || ||
|-
| Nieuwe Albrandswaardse &lt;br&gt; Partij (NAP)
| || 1 || 1
| 2 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 3
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ² - [[SGP]]
| || || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| || ||
|-
| Ouderen Politiek &lt;br&gt; Actief (OPA)
| || ||
| 3 || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard 2
| || ||
| || ||
| 2 || ||
| || ||
|-
! Totael
! 21 || 21 || 21
! 21 || 19 || 19
! 17 || 15 || 15
! 15 || 15 || 15
|-
! Opkomst
! 52% || 49% || 55% 
! 53% || 55% || 62% 
! 63% || 65% || 69% 
! 67% || 75% || 69%
|}

¹ toet 2018 alleêne PvdA

² 1994-1998: CU = GPV

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;Gallery&gt;
WLM - RobertsNL - 32180 (2).jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Poôrtugael
Rhoon 005.jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 011.jpg|Roôms-kattelieke Sint-Willibrorduskerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 004.jpg|Waepen van Rhoôn (''Wapen van Rhoon'')
Rhoon 003.jpg|Kasteêl van Rhoôn (''Kasteel van Rhoon'')
Jachthaven Rhoon.JPG|Jachthaven van Rhoôn
Rijsdijk Rhoon.JPG|De Riesdiek (''De Rijsdijk'') te Rhoôn
Wandelpad door natuurgebied Klein Profijt.jpg|Natuurhebied Klein Profiet (''Klein Profijt'') bie Rhoôn
Wandelpad door de Rhoonse Grienden.jpg|Rhoônse Griend'n
Poortugal 003.jpg|Landschap bie Poôrtugael
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

==Trivia==
* Albrandswaerd stoôt op plekke 18 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.albrandswaard.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815011421/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/albrandswaard Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/albrandswaard/ AlleCijfers]

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Albrandswaerd| ]]</text>
      <sha1>4vgneyomrdv137h7tghdvbspxgs77ww</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174906</id>
      <parentid>174790</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:07:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174906</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4204" sha1="g3qi0btpdfkb1qhvn308ws04iqtev2x" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Albrandswaard
|dialect1       = West-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0613 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Albrandswaard-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Poôrtugael
|oppervlakte    = 24
|oppervlakte1   = 22
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 27.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 1232
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|25|L}}
}}
'''Albrandswaerd''' is 'n gemeênte in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 27.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Albrandswaerd is in 1985 ontstô uut 'n saemenvoegieng van de gemeênten [[Poôrtugael]] en [[Rhoôn]].

't Gemeêntehuus stoôt in Poôrtugael.

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Albrandswaard.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Poôrtugael]]
* [[Rhoôn]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (diels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1985 - 1993
| Han Temminck
| [[VVD]] 
| sins 1976 burhemeêster van [[Rhoôn]]
|-
| 1993 - 2005
| Anja Latenstein van Voorst-Woldringh
| VVD
|
|-
| 2005 - 2012
| [[Harald Bergmann]]
| VVD
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Ger van de Velde-de Wilde
| VVD
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| [[Hans Wagner]]
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2025
| Jolanda de Witte
| [[D66]]
|
|-
| 2025 - noe
| [[Cees Pille]]
| VVD
|
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den gemeênteraed van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 |Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026 || 2022 || 2018 
! 2014 || 2010 || 2006
! 2002 || 1998 || 1994
! 1990 || 1986 || 1985 
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Albrandswaard (EVA)
| 5 || 6 || 4
| 5 || 7 || 5
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard
| 4 || 1 || 3
| || || 
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4 || 4 || 5 
| 6 || 5 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ¹
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 4
| 3 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2 || 3 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| Stem-Lokaal
| 2 || 3 || 3
| || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2 || || 
| || ||
| || 1 || 2
| 3 || ||
|-
| Nieuwe Albrandswaardse &lt;br&gt; Partij (NAP)
| || 1 || 1
| 2 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 3
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ² - [[SGP]]
| || || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| || ||
|-
| Ouderen Politiek &lt;br&gt; Actief (OPA)
| || ||
| 3 || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard 2
| || ||
| || ||
| 2 || ||
| || ||
|-
! Totael
! 21 || 21 || 21
! 21 || 19 || 19
! 17 || 15 || 15
! 15 || 15 || 15
|-
! Opkomst
! 52% || 49% || 55% 
! 53% || 55% || 62% 
! 63% || 65% || 69% 
! 67% || 75% || 69%
|}

¹ toet 2018 alleêne PvdA

² 1994-1998: CU = GPV

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;Gallery&gt;
WLM - RobertsNL - 32180 (2).jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Poôrtugael
Rhoon 005.jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 011.jpg|Roôms-kattelieke Sint-Willibrorduskerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 004.jpg|Waepen van Rhoôn (''Wapen van Rhoon'')
Rhoon 003.jpg|Kasteêl van Rhoôn (''Kasteel van Rhoon'')
Jachthaven Rhoon.JPG|Jachthaven van Rhoôn
Rijsdijk Rhoon.JPG|De Riesdiek (''De Rijsdijk'') te Rhoôn
Wandelpad door natuurgebied Klein Profijt.jpg|Natuurhebied Klein Profiet (''Klein Profijt'') bie Rhoôn
Wandelpad door de Rhoonse Grienden.jpg|Rhoônse Griend'n
Poortugal 003.jpg|Landschap bie Poôrtugael
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

==Trivia==
* Albrandswaerd stoôt op plekke 18 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.albrandswaard.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815011421/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/albrandswaard Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/albrandswaard/ AlleCijfers]

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Albrandswaerd| ]]</text>
      <sha1>g3qi0btpdfkb1qhvn308ws04iqtev2x</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174907</id>
      <parentid>174906</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:10:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174907</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4204" sha1="bubbh4yt50plx2bfg27ty93f9o7zed1" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Albrandswaard
|dialect1       = West-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0613 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Albrandswaard-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Poôrtugael
|oppervlakte    = 24
|oppervlakte1   = 22
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 27.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 1232
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|25|L}}
}}
'''Albrandswaerd''' is 'n gemeênte in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 27.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Albrandswaerd is in 1985 ontstô uut 'n saemenvoegieng van de gemeênten [[Poôrtugael]] en [[Rhoôn]].

't Gemeêntehuus stoôt in Poôrtugael.

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Albrandswaard.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Poôrtugael]]
* [[Rhoôn]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (diels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1985 - 1993
| Han Temminck
| [[VVD]] 
| 1976-1984 burhemeêster van [[Rhoôn]]
|-
| 1993 - 2005
| Anja Latenstein van Voorst-Woldringh
| VVD
|
|-
| 2005 - 2012
| [[Harald Bergmann]]
| VVD
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Ger van de Velde-de Wilde
| VVD
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| [[Hans Wagner]]
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2025
| Jolanda de Witte
| [[D66]]
|
|-
| 2025 - noe
| [[Cees Pille]]
| VVD
|
|-
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Den gemeênteraed van Albrandswaerd.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 |Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026 || 2022 || 2018 
! 2014 || 2010 || 2006
! 2002 || 1998 || 1994
! 1990 || 1986 || 1985 
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Albrandswaard (EVA)
| 5 || 6 || 4
| 5 || 7 || 5
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard
| 4 || 1 || 3
| || || 
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[VVD]]
| 4 || 4 || 5 
| 6 || 5 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]] ¹
| 2 || 3 || 2
| 2 || 3 || 4
| 3 || 2 || 2
| 3 || 5 || 5
|-
| [[CDA]]
| 2 || 3 || 2 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 3 || 3
| 5 || 5 || 5
|-
| Stem-Lokaal
| 2 || 3 || 3
| || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| [[D66]]
| 2 || || 
| || ||
| || 1 || 2
| 3 || ||
|-
| Nieuwe Albrandswaardse &lt;br&gt; Partij (NAP)
| || 1 || 1
| 2 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 4 || 3
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ² - [[SGP]]
| || || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| 1 || 1 || 1
| || ||
|-
| Ouderen Politiek &lt;br&gt; Actief (OPA)
| || ||
| 3 || ||
| || ||
| || ||
|-
| Leefbaar Albrandswaard 2
| || ||
| || ||
| 2 || ||
| || ||
|-
! Totael
! 21 || 21 || 21
! 21 || 19 || 19
! 17 || 15 || 15
! 15 || 15 || 15
|-
! Opkomst
! 52% || 49% || 55% 
! 53% || 55% || 62% 
! 63% || 65% || 69% 
! 67% || 75% || 69%
|}

¹ toet 2018 alleêne PvdA

² 1994-1998: CU = GPV

== Plaetjes ==
&lt;Gallery&gt;
WLM - RobertsNL - 32180 (2).jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Poôrtugael
Rhoon 005.jpg|Hervormde kerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 011.jpg|Roôms-kattelieke Sint-Willibrorduskerrèke in Rhoôn
Rhoon 004.jpg|Waepen van Rhoôn (''Wapen van Rhoon'')
Rhoon 003.jpg|Kasteêl van Rhoôn (''Kasteel van Rhoon'')
Jachthaven Rhoon.JPG|Jachthaven van Rhoôn
Rijsdijk Rhoon.JPG|De Riesdiek (''De Rijsdijk'') te Rhoôn
Wandelpad door natuurgebied Klein Profijt.jpg|Natuurhebied Klein Profiet (''Klein Profijt'') bie Rhoôn
Wandelpad door de Rhoonse Grienden.jpg|Rhoônse Griend'n
Poortugal 003.jpg|Landschap bie Poôrtugael
&lt;/Gallery&gt;

==Trivia==
* Albrandswaerd stoôt op plekke 18 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.albrandswaard.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815011421/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/albrandswaard Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/albrandswaard/ AlleCijfers]

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Albrandswaerd| ]]</text>
      <sha1>bubbh4yt50plx2bfg27ty93f9o7zed1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Barendrecht</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11210</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174908</id>
      <parentid>156280</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:15:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174908</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3321" sha1="fk2q9zcakaq9ucml8zn948ov56cduj6" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 2487
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (deêls)
* [[Koedoôd]] (deêls)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smits'oek]] (groôtendeêls)

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP/[[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| partieloôs
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;16&quot;|'''Gemeênteraedszeêtels'''
|-
! Partie
! 2026
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
|Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
|
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
|[[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
|
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
|[[CDA]] 
|
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
||[[VVD]] 
|
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
|[[PvdA]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
|[[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
|[[D66]] 
|
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
!Totael 
!
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
!Opkomst 
!
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>fk2q9zcakaq9ucml8zn948ov56cduj6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174909</id>
      <parentid>174908</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:24:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174909</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3508" sha1="l31swkw95no0zzhtkdcgshffjl0ncih" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 2487
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (deêls)
* [[Koedoôd]] (deêls)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smits'oek]] (groôtendeêls)

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP/[[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| partieloôs
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;16&quot;|'''Gemeênteraedszeêtels'''
|-
! Partie
! 2026
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>l31swkw95no0zzhtkdcgshffjl0ncih</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174910</id>
      <parentid>174909</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:26:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174910</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3527" sha1="4ph1u7nco9qcr1tm0nvbj3pkmxocnpc" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 2487
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (deêls)
* [[Koedoôd]] (deêls)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smits'oek]] (groôtendeêls)

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP/[[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| partieloôs
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>4ph1u7nco9qcr1tm0nvbj3pkmxocnpc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174911</id>
      <parentid>174910</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:33:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174911</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3747" sha1="by46hiv2vzrzc3jyt8mddofofokteut" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 2487
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (deêls)
* [[Koedoôd]] (deêls)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smits'oek]] (groôtendeêls)

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>by46hiv2vzrzc3jyt8mddofofokteut</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174912</id>
      <parentid>174911</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:41:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plekken */</comment>
      <origin>174912</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3860" sha1="8ur6j6h64m8ia450e6252pp6ckm94mv" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2024
|dichtheid      = 2487
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>8ur6j6h64m8ia450e6252pp6ckm94mv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174913</id>
      <parentid>174912</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:43:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174913</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3860" sha1="b35uw8o2f29fibedod3n9y1172a65nl" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>b35uw8o2f29fibedod3n9y1172a65nl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174914</id>
      <parentid>174913</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:49:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174914</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3984" sha1="0kqmyfd1sn58g06ltlm8hkgg318m1qv" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Inweuners:
* 1995 - 22.000
* 2000 - 29.000
* 2005 - 39.000
* 2010 - 46.000
* 2015 - 48.000
* 2020 - 49.000
* 2025 - 49.000

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>0kqmyfd1sn58g06ltlm8hkgg318m1qv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174915</id>
      <parentid>174914</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:51:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174915</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3998" sha1="sf5x9ymtxefrfho97lj19p5oqoqppmr" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Inweuners:
* 1995 – 22.000
* 2000 – 29.000
* 2005 – 39.000
* 2010 – 46.000
* 2015 – 48.000
* 2020 – 49.000
* 2025 – 49.000

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>sf5x9ymtxefrfho97lj19p5oqoqppmr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174916</id>
      <parentid>174915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:52:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174916</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2896" sha1="3onyrovgpi9wyqm6i5twj591rofgn7d" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Inweuners:
* 1995 – 22.000
* 2000 – 29.000
* 2005 – 39.000
* 2010 – 46.000
* 2015 – 48.000
* 2020 – 49.000
* 2025 – 49.000

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>3onyrovgpi9wyqm6i5twj591rofgn7d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174917</id>
      <parentid>174916</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:52:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174917</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3998" sha1="sf5x9ymtxefrfho97lj19p5oqoqppmr" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Inweuners:
* 1995 – 22.000
* 2000 – 29.000
* 2005 – 39.000
* 2010 – 46.000
* 2015 – 48.000
* 2020 – 49.000
* 2025 – 49.000

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>sf5x9ymtxefrfho97lj19p5oqoqppmr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174918</id>
      <parentid>174917</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T11:53:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plekken */</comment>
      <origin>174918</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4013" sha1="o3e9ln960yhv6ufy1gyazth5se1ony2" xml:space="preserve">{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Barendrecht
|dialect1       = Oôst-Iesselmonds
|naam1          = 'tzelfde
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0489 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Barendrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = 
|hoofdplaats    = Barendrecht
|oppervlakte    = 22
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 49.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2480
|graden         = {{Koord|51|51|N|4|32|L}}
}}
'''Barendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]] mie 49.000 inweuners.

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]].

Inweuners:
* 1995 – 22.000
* 2000 – 29.000
* 2005 – 39.000
* 2010 – 46.000
* 2015 – 48.000
* 2020 – 49.000
* 2025 – 49.000

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Barendrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* Barendrecht
* [[Barendrechtse Veêr]]
* [[Carnisse]]
* [[Charlois Zuudrand]] (diels)
* [[Koedoôd]] (diels)
* [[Noldiek]]
* [[Reijerwaerd]]
* [[Smitsoek]] (hroôtendiels)
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Barendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied !! Naem !! Partie !! Biezonderheên
|-
| 1837 - 1850
| Pleun de Raadt
|
|
|-
| 1850 - 1854
| Hendrik Marinus Barendregt van Charlois
|
|
|-
| 1855 - 1888
| Hendrik Swank
|
|
|-
| 1888 - 1895
| Eliza van der Gijp Barendregt
|
|
|-
| 1895 - 1905
| Arend Korteweg
|
|
|-
| 1905 - 1911
| Dirk Rudolph Wijckerheld Bisdom
| 
| 
|-
| 1911 - 1940
| Jacobus Bax
| [[ARP]]
| 
|-
| 1940 - 1943
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| [[CHU]]
| toet 1941 waernemend
|-
| 1943 - 1945
| Richard Brunsveld
| [[NSB]]
| 
|-
| 1945 - 1954
| Vincent Pieter Adriaan Beelaerts van Blokland
| CHU
| 
|-
| 1954 - 1967
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
| 
|-
| 1968 - 1981
| Gerrit van Hofwegen
| ARP / [[CDA]]
| 
|-
| 1982 - 1989
| Jacob van den Brink
| CDA
| 
|-
| 1989 - 2005
| Thieu van de Wouw
| CDA
| 
|-
| 2005 - 2021
| Jan van Belzen
| [[SGP]]
| 
|-
| 2021 - 2023
| Govert Veldhuijzen
| CDA
| waernemend
|-
| 2023 - noe
| Ronald Schneider
| 
| 
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Echt voor &lt;br&gt; Barendrecht (EVB) 
| 14
| 20 || 14 || 9
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Barendrechts Belang
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 1
| 3 || 3 || 2
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 
| 1 || 2 || 2
| 4 || 6 || 3
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[SGP]]-[[CU]] ¹ 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 4 || 4 || 4
| 3 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 2
| 2 || 4 || 5
| 6 || 6 || 6 
| 4 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 2
| 1 || 3 || 5
| 9 || 7 || 6
| 7 || 6 || 3
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1
| 1 || 1 || 3
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 1 || 3 || 2
|-
| Blanco (Demir, C.)
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
! Totael 
! 29
! 29 || 29 || 29 
! 29 || 27 || 23
! 19 || 19 || 17
|-
! Opkomst 
! 58%
! 57% || 56% || 56% 
! 52% || 60% || 58% 
! 65% || 73% || 71%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = [[GPV]] + [[RPF]]

== Trivia ==
* Barendrecht stoôt op plekke negen van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.barendrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220705024401/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/barendrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/barendrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Gemeênte in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Iesselmonde (eiland)]]</text>
      <sha1>o3e9ln960yhv6ufy1gyazth5se1ony2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zwiendrecht (Nederland)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11212</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174774</id>
      <parentid>174756</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:44:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174774</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4098" sha1="n3gbjrib1wdchpxlrby4pbp7p3w1bxw" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kief'oek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht vanof 1877.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| C. Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van de gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Gemeênteraedszeêtels
|-
! Partie
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
!Opkomst 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>n3gbjrib1wdchpxlrby4pbp7p3w1bxw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174775</id>
      <parentid>174774</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:44:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174775</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4087" sha1="5az0lcpuzcto4a7qjknosu0mff240u9" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kief'oek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| C. Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van de gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Gemeênteraedszeêtels
|-
! Partie
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
!Opkomst 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>5az0lcpuzcto4a7qjknosu0mff240u9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174776</id>
      <parentid>174775</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:48:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174776</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4094" sha1="b8i5xlmy4hkplyqhb2rzna21fk78tyt" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kief'oek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthonij Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van de gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Gemeênteraedszeêtels
|-
! Partie
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
!Opkomst 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>b8i5xlmy4hkplyqhb2rzna21fk78tyt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174777</id>
      <parentid>174776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:49:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Burhemeêsters */</comment>
      <origin>174777</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4093" sha1="36unuijtkg6ek1g5kdalotp2b0p84j1" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kief'oek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van de gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Gemeênteraedszeêtels
|-
! Partie
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
!Opkomst 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>36unuijtkg6ek1g5kdalotp2b0p84j1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174778</id>
      <parentid>174777</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:54:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plekken */</comment>
      <origin>174778</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4209" sha1="0q0gq6b5sj939vpn762yu9q2skh4i7e" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van de gemeênteraed sins 1990:&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!colspan=&quot;10&quot;| Gemeênteraedszeêtels
|-
! Partie
! 2022 !! 2018 !! 2014 
! 2010 !! 2006 !! 2002
! 1998 !! 1994 !! 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
!Opkomst 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>0q0gq6b5sj939vpn762yu9q2skh4i7e</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174779</id>
      <parentid>174778</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:59:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174779</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4240" sha1="hzwgapb9df4hxgxclc6twoic23ti9nu" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
De saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht (ABZ) 
|
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
|
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[VVD]] 
|
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[CDA]] 
|
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij (ZPP) 
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[D66]] 
|
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
!
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>hzwgapb9df4hxgxclc6twoic23ti9nu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174780</id>
      <parentid>174779</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:06:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174780</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4352" sha1="35gq0zv84dfnsl3g6lvafoe8sa0ago1" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 || 8 || 5
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>35gq0zv84dfnsl3g6lvafoe8sa0ago1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174781</id>
      <parentid>174780</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:11:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174781</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4366" sha1="3ta3oos8xkqxir34egvaue9oxhbdsui" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 (12) || 8 (10) || 5 (7)
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]]-[[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>3ta3oos8xkqxir34egvaue9oxhbdsui</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174782</id>
      <parentid>174781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:13:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Gemeênteraed */</comment>
      <origin>174782</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4369" sha1="iwcr0m8drfb79vxrgllwy0e30hh8zr1" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 (12) || 8 (10) || 5 (7)
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] - [[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtsstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>iwcr0m8drfb79vxrgllwy0e30hh8zr1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174783</id>
      <parentid>174782</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:18:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plekken */</comment>
      <origin>174783</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4389" sha1="42wvmmxpevaao5hkfl5c7vp6l4vxp97" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* [[Hroôte Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 (12) || 8 (10) || 5 (7)
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] - [[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtsstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Stompje}}
{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>42wvmmxpevaao5hkfl5c7vp6l4vxp97</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174784</id>
      <parentid>174783</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:23:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lienks nae buten */</comment>
      <origin>174784</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4377" sha1="2svrh9y95a0i4i5bsospbyiv6h6o7u1" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is 'n gemeênte en plekke in de provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. De gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, de plekke 41.000 

De gemeênte liet op 't eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in de [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie de gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie de gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie de gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* [[Hroôte Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 (12) || 8 (10) || 5 (7)
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] - [[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtsstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>2svrh9y95a0i4i5bsospbyiv6h6o7u1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174787</id>
      <parentid>174784</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:31:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174787</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4384" sha1="scdv319d48yzbytch1fou9du9nee3xh" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Zwiendrecht]]''
----
{{Gemeênte2
|naam           = Zwijndrecht
|dialect1       = Zwiendrechts
|naam1          = Zwindrecht
|dialect2       =
|naam2          = 
|locatie        = NL - locator map municipality code GM0642 (2016).png
|kaart          = Gem-Zwijndrecht-OpenTopo.jpg
|land           = Nederland
|provincie      = Zuud-'Olland
|streek1        = Iesselmonde (eiland)
|streek2        = [[Drechtsteê]], [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]]
|hoofdplaats    = Zwiendrecht (Nederland)
|oppervlakte    = 23
|oppervlakte1   = 20
|oppervlakte2   = 2
|inwoners       = 45.000
|datum          = 2025
|dichtheid      = 2199
|graden         = {{Koord|51|49|N|4|38|L}}
}}
'''Zwiendrecht''' is een gemeênte en plekke in den provincie [[Zuud-'Olland]]. Den gemeênte ei 45.000 inweuners, den plekke 41.000 

Den gemeênte liet opt eiland [[Iesselmonde (eiland)|Iesselmonde]] en ok in den [[Zwiendrechtse Waerd]] (maek deêl uut van Iesselmonde).

Zwiendrecht is in 1855 vergroôt mie den gemeênte [[Meerdervoôrt]], in 1881 mie den gemeênte [[Groôte Lindt]] en in 2003 mie den gemeênte [[Heêrjansdam]].

== Plekken ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| [[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Zwijndrecht.png|links|kaderloos]]
|
* [[Achter-Lindt]]
* [[Heêrjansdam]]
* [[Hroôte Lindt]]
* [[Kiefoek]]
* [[Kleine-Lindt]]
* Zwiendrecht
|}

== Burhemeêsters ==
Burhemeêsters van Zwiendrecht.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.geni.com/projects/Burgemeesters-in-ZUID-HOLLAND/8655 Geni]&lt;/ref&gt;

{|class=wikitable
|-
! Tied || Naem || Partie || Opmerkienge
|-
| 1811 - 1836 
| Fredrik Robbert Evert Nibbelink
|
|
|-
| 1836 - 1842 
| Cornelis Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1843 - 1866
| Anthony Stoop
|
|
|-
| 1866 - 1877
| Petrus Marius Brouwer
|
|
|-
| 1877 - 1917
| Pieter Johannes Albertus de Bruïne
|
|
|-
| 1917 - 1928
| Petrus Doorn
| [[ARP]]
|
|-
| 1929 - 1942
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1942 - 1945
| Abraham Aeckerlin
| [[NSB]]
|
|-
| 1945 - 1946
| Jan Jansen Manenschijn
| ARP
|
|-
| 1947 - 1967
| Cornelis Slobbe
| ARP
|
|-
| 1967 - 1976
| Hendrik Herman Douma
| ARP
|
|-
| 1976 - 1991
| Cees Pijl Hogeweg
| ARP / [[CDA]]
|
|-
| 1991 - 2001
| Dick Corporaal
| CDA
|
|-
| 2002 - 2012
| Antoin Scholten
| [[VVD]]
|
|-
| 2012 - 2013
| Maria Wiebosch-Steeman
| [[GL]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2013 - 2019
| Dominic Schrijer
| [[PvdA]]
|
|-
| 2019 - 2019
| Robert Strijk
| [[D66]]
| waernemend
|-
| 2019 - 2023
| Hein van der Loo
| CDA / partieloôs
|
|-
| 2023 - 2024
| Edo Haan
| PvdA 
| waernemend
|-
| 2024 - noe
| Leon Anink
| VVD
|
|}

== Gemeênteraed ==
Saemenstellieng van den gemeênteraed.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nlverkiezingen.com/GR_ZH.html nlverkiezingen]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Partie
! colspan = 15 | Zeêtels
|-
! 2026
! 2022 || 2018 || 2014 
! 2010 || 2006 || 2002
! 1998 || 1994 || 1990
|-
| Algemeen Belang &lt;br&gt; Zwijndrecht
| 11
| 10 (12) || 8 (10) || 5 (7)
| 5 || 3 || 
| || || 
|-
| Zwijndrechtse Plus &lt;br&gt; Partij
|
| 2 || 2 || 2
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[CU]] ¹ - [[SGP]] 
| 4
| 4 || 5 || 5
| 4 || 4 || 4 
| 4 || 3 || 3
|-
| [[CDA]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4 
| 4 || 6 || 8 
| 6 || 7 || 9
|-
| [[GL]] - [[PvdA]]
| 3
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[GL]] 
|
| 2 || 1 || 1 
| 2 || 2 || 2 
| 2 || 1 || 1
|-
| [[PvdA]] 
|
| 2 || 2 || 3 
| 4 || 9 || 6
| 7 || 5 || 6
|-
| [[VVD]] 
| 3
| 3 || 3 || 4
| 5 || 4 || 4 
| 6 || 4 || 4 
|-
| [[D66]] 
| 2
| 1 || 2 || 3 
| 3 || 1 || 2
| 2 || 5 || 4
|-
| Partij voor de Rechtsstaat
| 1
| || || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[SP]] 
|
| || 1 || 
| || || 
| || ||
|-
| [[LPF]] 
|
| || || 
| || || 3
| || ||
|-
| Centrumdemocraten &lt;br&gt; (CD)
|
| || || 
| || || 
| || 2 ||
|-
! Totael 
! 27
! 27 || 27 || 27 
! 27 || 29 || 29
! 27 || 27 || 27
|-
! Opkomst 
! 45%
! 43% || 48% || 50% 
! 49% || 56% || 51% 
! 58% || 65% || 59%
|}

¹ 1990-1998: CU = GPV + RPF &lt;br/ &gt;

==Trivia==
* Zwiendrecht stoôt op plekke 24 van vuulste lucht van Nederland.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ad.nl/binnenland/schiedam-en-rijswijk-ademen-de-meest-vervuilde-lucht-in-hoe-schoon-is-jouw-gemeente~a86b802d/ AD]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Noôten ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.zwijndrecht.nl Gemeênte]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220815014800/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/zwijndrecht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/gemeente/zwijndrecht/ AlleCijfers]

{{Provincie Zuud-'Olland}}

[[Categorie:Zwiendrecht (Nederland)| ]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Zuud-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>scdv319d48yzbytch1fou9du9nee3xh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wim Kok</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11320</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174855</id>
      <parentid>174222</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:46:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174855</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="828" sha1="2fa2rsp7cg6p2d4drh7l37sg5y1glgy" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Wim Kok 1994.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Wim Kok''' ([[Bergstoep]], 29 september [[1938]] - [[Amsterdam]], 20 oktober [[2018]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[PvdA]]. Van [[1994]] toet [[2002]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

Kok was ok veuzitter van de vakbond'n NVV en FNV.

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-Kok I]] (1994-1998): [[PvdA]], [[VVD]], [[D66]]
* [[Kabinet-Kok II]] (1998-2002): PvdA, VVD, D66

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/bio/02804 Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/wim-kok-1938/1883/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kok, Wim}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands bestierder]]</text>
      <sha1>2fa2rsp7cg6p2d4drh7l37sg5y1glgy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Joop den Uyl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11325</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174858</id>
      <parentid>174219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:48:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174858</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1500" sha1="7d564jd4hdey2u32bzmx722vxo1vwdn" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Uyl, Joop den - SFA008007394.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Joop den Uyl / Uijl''' ([[Hilversum]], 9 auhustus [[1919]] – [[Amsterdam]], 24 december [[1987]]) was 'n Nederlandse journalist en politicus vò de [[PvdA]]. Van [[1973]] toet [[1977]] was ie premier van Nederland en van 1966 toet 1986 partijleider.

Ie was 1953 toet 1965 raedslid en van 1962 toet 1965 ok wetouwer van Amsterdam.

Van 1956 toet 1963 was ie ok [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid, as ok van 1967 toet 1973, in 1977, van 1978 toet 1981 en van 1982 toet 1987.

Van 1965 toet 1966 was ie minister van Economische Zaeken en van 1981 toet 1982 minister van Sociaole Zaeken en Werkgelegen'eid plus vò de [[Nederlandse Antill'n]] as ok vicepremier in 't [[kabinet-Van Agt II]].

Den Uyl was hetrouwd en van [[grifformeerde]] ofkomst.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Den Uyl]] (1973-1977): [[PvdA]], [[KVP]], [[ARP]], [[PPR]], [[D'66]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llb6zoz6/biografie/j_m_joop_den_uyl Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn4/uijl BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/joop-den-uyl-1919-1987/1889/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uyl, Joop den}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Amsterdam]]</text>
      <sha1>7d564jd4hdey2u32bzmx722vxo1vwdn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Barend Biesheuvel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11343</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174859</id>
      <parentid>174218</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:49:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174859</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1061" sha1="sfaolcjke7y2jfgt6j4myx4ukokv26n" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Barend Biesheuvel 1971.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Barend Biesheuvel''' (Haerlemmerliede ([[Haerlemmermeer]]), 5 april [[1920]] - [[Haerlem]], 29 april [[2001]]) was 'n [[Nederland]]s politicus vò de [[ARP]]. Van [[1971]] toet [[1973]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-Biesheuvel I]] (1971-1972): [[KVP]], [[VVD]], [[ARP]], [[CHU]], [[DS'70]]
* [[Kabinet-Biesheuvel II]] (1972-1973): KVP, VVD, ARP, CHU

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/00119 Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn6/biesheuvel BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/het-ongelukkige-premierschap-van-mooie-barend/132892/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Biesheuvel, Barend}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Europarlementariër]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]</text>
      <sha1>sfaolcjke7y2jfgt6j4myx4ukokv26n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Piet de Jong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11346</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174842</id>
      <parentid>174217</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:12:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174842</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="896" sha1="jit2k5eyhu4ruj15jpqbdmcvj3zfx1e" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Piet de Jong 1970.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Piet de Jong''' ([[Aepeldoorn]], 3 april [[1915]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 27 juli [[2016]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[KVP]]. Van [[1967]] toet [[1971]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

De Jong was oôrspronkelijk onderzeêboôtcommandant.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-De Jong]] (1967-1971): [[KVP]], [[VVD]], [[ARP]], [[CHU]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/00652 Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/piet-de-jong-premier-jaren-zestig/60899/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jong, Piet de}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands officier]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]</text>
      <sha1>jit2k5eyhu4ruj15jpqbdmcvj3zfx1e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jelle Zijlstra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11351</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174860</id>
      <parentid>174216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:50:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <origin>174860</origin>
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'''Jelle Zijlstra''' ([[Oôsterbierum]], 27 auhustus [[1918]] - [[Wassenaer]], 23 december [[2001]]) was een Nederlandse politicus vò de [[ARP]]. Van 22 november [[1966]] toet 5 april [[1967]] was um premier.

Van 1952 toet 1959 was um minister van Economische Zaeken en van 1958 toet 1963 en van 1966 toet 1967 minister van Financiën.

Van 1967 toet 1981 was um 'oôd van [[De Nederlandsche Bank]].

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Zijlstra]] (1966-1967): [[KVP]], [[ARP]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/dr-j-jelle-zijlstra Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn6/zijlstra BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/jelle-zijlstra-biografie-jonne-harmsma/85603/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zijlstra, Jelle}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Econoom]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jo Cals</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11360</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174833</id>
      <parentid>174215</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:06:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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'''Jo Cals''' ([[Roermond]], 18 juli [[1914]] - [[D'n Aegt]], 30 december [[1971]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[KVP]]. Van [[1965]] toet [[1966]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

Cals was van 1945 toet 1948 raedslid van [[Nijmegen]] en van 1950 toet 1952 staetssecretaoris van onderwies en van 1952 toet 1963 minister van Onderwies.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Cals]] (1965-1966): [[KVP]], [[PvdA]], [[ARP]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/mr-jmlth-jo-cals Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/cals BWN]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cals, Jo}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Gelderland]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Victor Marijnen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11361</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174861</id>
      <parentid>174214</parentid>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
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'''Victor (Vic) Marijnen''' ([[Arnem]], 21 feberwari [[1917]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 5 april [[1975]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[KVP]]. Van [[1963]] toet [[1965]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

Um was van 1959 toet 1963 minister van Landbouw en Visserie en van 1968 toet 1975 burhemeêster van D'n Aegt.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Marijnen]] (1963-1965): [[KVP]], [[VVD]], [[ARP]], [[CHU]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09ll36p2yd/v_g_m_victor_marijnen Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn2/marijnen BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/victor-marijnen-naoorlogse-premier/147248/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marijnen, Victor}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in D'n Aegt]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jan de Quay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11365</id>
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      <id>174862</id>
      <parentid>174212</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:52:14Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
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'''Jan de Quay''' ([[D'n Bos]], 26 auhustus [[1901]] – [[Beers]] ([[Noord-Braebant]]), 4 juli [[1985]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[RKSP]] en [[KVP]]. Van [[1959]] toet [[1963]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

Van 1946 toet 1959 was hie [[Commissaoris van de Konienk|Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] in [[Noord-Braebant]].  

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-De Quay]] (1959-1963): [[KVP]], [[VVD]], [[ARP]], [[CHU]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/01071 Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn3/quay BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/jan-de-quay-politicus-met-een-dubbel-imago/47102/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Quay, Jan de}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:RKSP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Louis Beel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11367</id>
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      <id>174863</id>
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      <text bytes="1108" sha1="ju8c6lk6kac0x0c5c68agwyk6unrev3" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Beel, L.J.M. - SFA008007058.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Louis Beel''' ([[Roermond]], 12 april [[1902]] – [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 11 feberwari [[1977]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[RKSP]] en [[KVP]]. Van [[1946]] toet [[1948]] en van [[1958]] toet [[1959]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

Um was van 1945 toet 1947 en van 1951 toet 1956 minister van Binn'nlandse Zaeken.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Beel I]] (1946-1948): [[KVP]], [[PvdA]]
* [[Kabinet-Beel II]] (1958-1959): [[KVP]], [[ARP]], [[CHU]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lkxtgnws/l_j_m_louis_beel Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/beel BWN]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beel, Louis}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:RKSP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Staetsraed]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Willem Schermerhorn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
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'''Willem (Wim) Schermerhorn''' ([[Akersloôt]] ([[Castricum]]), 17 december [[1894]] – [[Haerlem]], 10 maerte [[1977]]) was 'n Nederlands politicus vò de [[VDB]] (toet 1946) en de [[PvdA]] (vanof 1946). Van [[1945]] toet [[1946]] wast'um premier van Nederland.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Schermerhorn-Drees]]: 
** 1945-1946: [[RKSP]], [[SDAP]], [[VDB]]
** 1946: [[KVP]], [[PvdA]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09ll76xvz4/w_willem_schermerhorn Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/schermerhorn BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/willem-schermerhorn-de-onbekende-minister-president/42378/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schermerhorn, Willem}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Carola Schouten</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>174851</id>
      <parentid>174311</parentid>
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'''Carola Schouten'''  ([[D'n Bos]], 6 oktober [[1977]]) is 'n Nederlandse politica voo de [[ChrissenUnie]] (CU).

Schouten groeide op in [[Waerdhuuzen]] en [[Giessen (plekke)|Giessen]], tegenwoordig plekken in de gemeênte [[Altena]] (provincie [[Noord-Braebant]]).

Sins 1995 weunt ze in Rotterdam ([[Delfs'aeven]]), waor ze bedriefskunde an d'n [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]] eit gestudeerd.

Van meie 2011 toet oktober 2017 en van maerte 2021 toet jannewari 2022 was ze [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid. 

Van oktober 2017 toet jannewari 2022 was ze minister van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit as ok dorde vice-premier in 't [[kabinet-Rutte III]]. 

Van jannewari 2022 toet juli 2024 was ze minister van Armoebeleid, Participaotie en Pensioenen as ok dorde vice-premier in 't [[kabinet-Rutte IV]].

Sins oktober 2024 is ze burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]], as opvolger van [[Ahmed Aboutaleb]].&lt;ref&gt;D'r is nog een burhemeêster Schouten: [[Anja Schouten]] van [[Alkmaer]].&lt;/ref&gt;

Schouten eit 'n zeune en is vanof juni 2026 hetrouwd.

Ze is lid van de [[Nederlandse Grifformeerde Kerken]] (voheen [[Grifformeerde Kerken vriegemaekt]]).

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vif4b83nbxyq/c_j_carola_schouten Parlement.com]
* [https://www.rijnmond.nl/nieuws/1856420/boerendochter-en-cu-politica-carola-schouten-eerste-vrouwelijke-burgemeester-van-rotterdam Rijnmond]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schouten, Carola}}
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:CU-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Theo de Meester (premier)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174875</id>
      <parentid>174279</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:14:18Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="873" sha1="atjfg7or758ze8bwl8r2bi013d4zuha" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Theo de Meester-2.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Theo de Meester''' ([[Harderwiek]], 16 december [[1851]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 27 december [[1919]]) was van [[1905]] toet [[1908]] premier en minister van financiën van [[Nederland]]. Um was lid van de Liberaole Unie.

Van 1908 toet 1910 was um raedslid van Den 'Aeg.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-De Meester]] (1905-1908): [[Liberaole Unie]], [[VDB]], partieloôze liberaolen

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09ll38u1yn/th_h_de_meester Parlement.com]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn3/meester Resources Huygens ING]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Meester, Theo de}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in D'n Aegt]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abraham Kuyper</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12354</id>
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      <id>174874</id>
      <parentid>174352</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:12:59Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1440" sha1="3ke4ki7pxte43m1sirae5opu4w6f8a0" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Dr. A. Kuijper, RP-F-2007-149.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Abraham Kuyper''' ([[Maessluus]], 29 oktober [[1837]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 8 november [[1920]]) was 'n [[Nederland]]se en [[grifformeerd]]e (oôrspronkelijk [['ervormd]]e) theoloog, predikant, journalist en politicus. 

Um was premier van [[1901]] toet [[1905]] en de (mede)oprichter van de volgende grifformeerde zaeken: 't dagblad [[De Standaard]] in [[1872]], de politieke partij de [[ARP]] in [[1879]], de [[Vrieje Universiteit Amsterdam]] in [[1880]] en de [[Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland]] in [[1886]]/[[1892]].

'Ervormd predikant in:
* [[Beesd]]: 1863-1867
* [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]]: 1867-1870
* [[Amsterdam]]: 1870-1874

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Kuyper]] (1901-1905): [[ARP]], Roôms-Kattelieken, partieloôzen

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09ll2lb8zw/biografie/a_abraham_kuyper Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/abraham-kuyper-klokkenist-der-kleine-luyden/57653/ Historiek]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn2/kuijper Resources Huygens ING]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuyper, Abraham}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands predikant]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Theoloog]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ahmed Aboutaleb</title>
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    <id>12498</id>
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      <id>174830</id>
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'''Ahmed Aboutaleb''' ([[Beni Sidel]], 29 auhustus [[1961]]) is 'n voormaelige Nederlandse journalist en politicus voe de [[PvdA]]. 

Aboutaleb verhuusde op z'n vuuftiende nae Nederland en studeêrde elektrotechniek en telecommunicaotie.

Um was o.a. amtenaer bie de gemeênte [[Amsterdam]] en van 2004 toet 2007 wetouwer van deêze gemeênte.

Van 2007 toet 2008 was um staotssecretaoris in 't [[kabinet-Balkenende IV]].

Van 2009 toet 2024 was um burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]].

Sins 2025 is um veuzitter van Jeugdzorg Nederland.

Aboutaleb is 'etrouwd, [[moslim]] en ofkomstig uut [[Marokko]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vhia2qep48vp/a_ahmed_aboutaleb Parlement.com]
* [https://stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl/apps/stadsarchief.nl/zoek-en-ontdek/themas/1-stad-7-burgemeesters/aboutaleb/ Stadsarchief Rotterdam]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aboutaleb, Ahmed}}
[[Categorie:Marokkaon]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands bestierder]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands moslim]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Amsterdam]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hugo de Jonge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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'''Hugo de Jonge''' ([[Bru]], 26 september [[1977]]) is 'n Nederlandse politicus. In 2020 was um politiek leider van 't [[CDA]].

De Jonge was van 2010 toet 2017 wetouwer van [[Rotterdam]]. Van 2017 toet 2022 was um minister van Volksgezond'eid, Welzien en Sport in 't [[kabinet-Rutte III]] en eêste vicepremier. Van 10 jannewari 2022 toet 5 september 2023 was um minister van Volkshuusvestieng en Ruumteleke Ordenieng en van 5 september 2023 toet 2 juli 2024 minister van Binn'nlandse Zaeken in 't [[kabinet-Rutte IV]].

Um is sins 1 juli 2025 (vanof 15 september 2024 waernemend) [[Commissaoris van de Konienk]] in [[Zeêland]], as opvolger van [[Han Polman]].

De Jonge is groôtendeêls opgegroeid in [[Zaomslag]]. Um is 'etrouwd (z'n wuuf is ofkomstig uut [[Libanon]]) en lid van de [[Protestantse Kerke in Nederland]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vk8mbozteky0/h_m_hugo_de_jonge Parlement.com]
* [https://www.omroepzvl.nl/hugo-de-jonge-pleit-voor-flinke-groei-van-zijn-zeeuws-vlaanderen Omroep Zeêuws-Vlaonderen]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konieng(inne) van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Han Polman]]
| 2024 — noe
|
|}

{{Stompje}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jonge, Hugo de}}
[[Categorie:Zeêuw]]
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]</text>
      <sha1>57nwsi3lp1rpdwjjiiii2gfrw10rf99</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wim van Gelder (CDA)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14002</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174870</id>
      <parentid>174324</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:07:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174870</origin>
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      <text bytes="1206" sha1="gwzc00v4mf1ubb87ls8pv061mn89qgv" xml:space="preserve">''Zie ok: [[Wim van Gelder (PvdA)]]''
----

'''Wim van Gelder''' ([[Amsterdam]], 21 jannewari [[1942]]) is 'n Nederlandse politicus van de [[ARP]] en laeter 't [[CDA]].

Van 1974 toet 1992 was um lid van de [[Provinciaole Staeten]] en van 1978 toet 1992 van de [[Gedeputeêrde Staeten]] van [[Noord-'Olland]].

Van Gelder was van 16 september 1992 toet 31 jannewari 2007 [[commissaoris van de Konienginne]] van [[Zeêland]]. Um was d'n opvolger van [[Kees Boertien]] en wier opgevolgd deu [[Karla Peijs]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201228140047/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llza0jzt/w_t_wim_van_gelder Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Wim_van_Gelder Encyclopedie  van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Kees Boertien]]
| 1992 — 2007
| [[Karla Peijs]]
|}

{{Stompje}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gelder, Wim van}}
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Gedeputeêrde]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>gwzc00v4mf1ubb87ls8pv061mn89qgv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Rob Jetten</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174810</id>
      <parentid>173203</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:56:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1788" sha1="sbvw02vl5uku4vk7uano0c53fhhirxu" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:20260303 EP-200773A AHA 0012A - Rob Jetten and Roberta Metsola.jpg|thumb|Rob Jetten lienks]]

'''Rob Jetten''' ([[Veghel]], 25 maerte [[1987]]) is een Nederlandse politicus van [[D66]].

Jetten hroeide op in [[Uden]] en studeêrde [[bestierskunde]] an den [[Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen]].

Van 2008 toet 2009 was um veuzitter van de Jonge Democraoten (JD).

Van 2010 toet 2017 was um lid van den gemeênteraed van [[Nijmegen]] (ok fraoctieveuzitter).

Van maerte 2017 toet jannewari 2022 was um lid van den [[Twidde Kaemer]], van oktober 2018 toet september 2021 (bealve maerte-meie 2021) was um ok fraoctieveuzitter. Van december 2023 toet feberwari 2026 was um vanover Kaemerlid en fraoctieveuzitter.

Van jannewari 2022 toet juli 2024 was um minister vò Klimaet en Energie int [[kabinet-Rutte IV]]. Vanof jannewari 2024 was um ok eêste vicepremier.

Sins auhustus 2023 is um leider van D66, as opvolger van [[Sigrid Kaag]].

Vanof 23 feberwari [[2026]] is um premier vant [[kabinet-Jetten]]. Um is den eêste premier naemens D66 en den jongste premier van Nederland oôit.

Jetten is oôrspronkelijk van [[katteliek]]e 'uuze en deêls van [[Nederlands-Indië|Indische]] ofkomst.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Jetten]] (2026-noe): [[D66]], [[VVD]], [[CDA]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vk8zgjjf6kp7/r_a_a_rob_jetten Parlement.com]
* [https://nos.nl/artikel/2603527-jetten-na-bliksemcarriere-jongste-premier-ooit NOS]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}
{{Politieke leiders in Nederland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jetten, Rob}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Gelderland]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>174850</id>
      <parentid>174810</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:42:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174850</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1792" sha1="1lf7ab3cmbpjatumtto5hk5j56lyr6p" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:20260303 EP-200773A AHA 0012A - Rob Jetten and Roberta Metsola.jpg|thumb|Rob Jetten lienks]]

'''Rob Jetten''' ([[Veghel]], [[25 maerte]] [[1987]]) is een Nederlandse politicus van [[D66]].

Jetten hroeide op in [[Uden]] en studeêrde [[bestierskunde]] an den [[Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen]].

Van 2008 toet 2009 was um veuzitter van de Jonge Democraoten (JD).

Van 2010 toet 2017 was um lid van den gemeênteraed van [[Nijmegen]] (ok fraoctieveuzitter).

Van maerte 2017 toet jannewari 2022 was um lid van den [[Twidde Kaemer]], van oktober 2018 toet september 2021 (bealve maerte-meie 2021) was um ok fraoctieveuzitter. Van december 2023 toet feberwari 2026 was um vanover Kaemerlid en fraoctieveuzitter.

Van jannewari 2022 toet juli 2024 was um minister vò Klimaet en Energie int [[kabinet-Rutte IV]]. Vanof jannewari 2024 was um ok eêste vicepremier.

Sins auhustus 2023 is um leider van D66, as opvolger van [[Sigrid Kaag]].

Vanof 23 feberwari [[2026]] is um premier vant [[kabinet-Jetten]]. Um is den eêste premier naemens D66 en den jongste premier van Nederland oôit.

Jetten is oôrspronkelijk van [[katteliek]]e 'uuze en deêls van [[Nederlands-Indië|Indische]] ofkomst.

== Kabinet ==
* [[Kabinet-Jetten]] (2026-noe): [[D66]], [[VVD]], [[CDA]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vk8zgjjf6kp7/r_a_a_rob_jetten Parlement.com]
* [https://nos.nl/artikel/2603527-jetten-na-bliksemcarriere-jongste-premier-ooit NOS]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}
{{Politieke leiders in Nederland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jetten, Rob}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Gelderland]]</text>
      <sha1>1lf7ab3cmbpjatumtto5hk5j56lyr6p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dilan Yeşilgöz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14268</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174807</id>
      <parentid>174239</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:55:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174807</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1375" sha1="1e24bl3r1cuhn6di15lxivy54h9q11m" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Visit of Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius to Ukraine - February 2026.webp|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius''' ([[Ankara]], 18 juni [[1977]]) is een Nederlandse politica van den [[VVD]] en voormaelig amtenaer.

Yeşilgöz was van 2014 toet 2017 lid van den gemeênteraed van [[Amsterdam]]. 

Van maerte 2017 toet september 2021 en - ok as fraoctieveuzitter - van december 2023 toet feberwari 2026 was zie lid van den [[Twidde Kaemer]].

Van meie 2021 toet jannewari 2022 was zie staetssecretaoris int [[kabinet-Rutte III]]. 

Van jannewari 2022 toet juli 2024 was zie minister van Justitie en Veiligeid int [[kabinet-Rutte IV]].

Sins auhustus 2023 is zie partieleider, as opvolgster van [[Mark Rutte]].

Vanof feberwari 2026 is zie minister van defensie int [[kabinet-Jetten]] en eêste vicepremier.

Yeşilgöz is ofkomstig uut [[Turkije]] en deêls van [[Koerden|Koerdische]] ofkomst.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vk93lsytn3mr/d_dilan_yesilgoz_zegerius Parlement.com]

{{Politieke leiders in Nederland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yesilgoz, Dilan}}
[[Categorie:Turk]]
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Amsterdam]]</text>
      <sha1>1e24bl3r1cuhn6di15lxivy54h9q11m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jo-Annes de Bat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174773</id>
      <parentid>174387</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:35:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174773</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1451" sha1="ezp2uxz50pbbkw845l2a8n8ctf8xafr" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:International Atomic Energy Agency - Rafael Mariano Grossi meeting Jo-Annes de Bat (nes2026pf3003) (55140972187).jpg|thumb|Jo-Annes de Bat lienks]]

'''Jo-Annes de Bat''' ([[Kloetegen]], [[9 meie]] [[1980]]) is een Nederlandse politicus vò 't [[CDA]].

De Bat studeêrde [[bestierskunde]] an den [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]].

Um was van 2006 toet 2010 raedslid en van 2010 toet 2015 wetouwer van [[Hoes]]. 

Van juli 2015 toet feberwari 2026 was um [[gedeputeêrde]] en in 2019 en 2023 ok [[Staetenlid]] van [[Zeêland]].

Um wier as gedeputeêrde opevolgd deu [[Johan Aalberts]].

Sins feberwari [[2026]] is um staetssecretaoris van klimaot en hroene hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

De Bat is hetrouwd en lid van de [[Christeleke Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/j-jo-annes-de-bat Parlement.com]
* [https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18190247/provinciebestuurder-jo-annes-de-bat-wordt-staatssecretaris-in-nieuw-kabinet Omroep Zeêland]
* [https://www.zeelandnet.nl/nieuws/de-bat-krijgt-taak-om-ruimte-te-maken-op-volgelopen-stroomnet Zeêlandnet]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bat, Jo-Annes de}}
[[Categorie:Zeêuw]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Gedeputeêrde van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Goes]]</text>
      <sha1>ezp2uxz50pbbkw845l2a8n8ctf8xafr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174811</id>
      <parentid>174773</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:57:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1447" sha1="5az7rkgvzrxr2om89262zzd6fquttlz" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:International Atomic Energy Agency - Rafael Mariano Grossi meeting Jo-Annes de Bat (nes2026pf3003) (55140972187).jpg|thumb|Jo-Annes de Bat lienks]]

'''Jo-Annes de Bat''' ([[Kloetegen]], 9 meie [[1980]]) is een Nederlandse politicus vò 't [[CDA]].

De Bat studeêrde [[bestierskunde]] an den [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]].

Um was van 2006 toet 2010 raedslid en van 2010 toet 2015 wetouwer van [[Hoes]]. 

Van juli 2015 toet feberwari 2026 was um [[gedeputeêrde]] en in 2019 en 2023 ok [[Staetenlid]] van [[Zeêland]].

Um wier as gedeputeêrde opevolgd deu [[Johan Aalberts]].

Sins feberwari [[2026]] is um staetssecretaoris van klimaot en hroene hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

De Bat is hetrouwd en lid van de [[Christeleke Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/j-jo-annes-de-bat Parlement.com]
* [https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/18190247/provinciebestuurder-jo-annes-de-bat-wordt-staatssecretaris-in-nieuw-kabinet Omroep Zeêland]
* [https://www.zeelandnet.nl/nieuws/de-bat-krijgt-taak-om-ruimte-te-maken-op-volgelopen-stroomnet Zeêlandnet]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bat, Jo-Annes de}}
[[Categorie:Zeêuw]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Gedeputeêrde van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Goes]]</text>
      <sha1>5az7rkgvzrxr2om89262zzd6fquttlz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sharon Dijksma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14356</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174837</id>
      <parentid>174204</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:08:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>174837</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1158" sha1="ctxcmlztmrvb4q0j6slkgf3vc9vmnaa" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Bankje Maarten van Rossum - Wilhelminapark Utrecht.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Sharon Dijksma''' ([[Oôgkerke]], 16 april [[1971]]) is 'n Nederlandse politica vò de [[PvdA]].

Dijksma was van 1994 toet 2007, van 2010 toet 2012 en van 2017 toet 2018 [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Van 2007 toet 2010 was zie staetssecretaoris vò onderwies, cultuur en weêtenschap in 't [[kabinet-Balkenende IV]], van 2012 toet 2015 staetssecretaoris vò economische zaeken en van 2015 toet 2017 vò infrastructuur en milieu, beide in 't [[kabinet-Rutte II]].

Van 2018 toet 2020 was zie wetouwer van [[Amsterdam]] en sins 17 december 2020 is zie burhemeêster van [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]].

Sins midd'n 2023 is Dijksma ok veuzitter van de [[Vereênigieng van Nederlandse Gemeênten]] (VNG).

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lll5uqzx/s_a_m_sharon_dijksma Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dijksma, Sharon}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Amsterdam]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht (gemeênte)]]</text>
      <sha1>ctxcmlztmrvb4q0j6slkgf3vc9vmnaa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mona Keijzer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14370</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174843</id>
      <parentid>174241</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:35:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1669" sha1="28wo7hiqzwy4lw9aya8fvaa15f9c5kb" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Visit of Mona Keijzer to the European Commission - Wopke Hoekstra - January 2025.jpg|thumb|Mona Keijzer rechts]]

'''Mona Keijzer''' ([[Edam]], 9 oktober [[1968]]) is 'n Nederlandse advocaot en politica vò de [[BBB]]. Toet 2023 was zie lid van 't [[CDA]]. Zie is voormaelig amtenaer.

Keijzer studeêrde bestierskunde en rechen an den [[Universiteit van Amsterdam]].

Zie was raedslid en wetouwer in [[Waeterland]] en [[Purmerend]]. 

Van 2012 toet 2017, in 2021 en van 2023 toet 2024 was zie [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid. Sins november 2025 is zie vanover Kaemerlid.

Van oktober 2017 toet september 2021 was zie staetssecretaoris vò economische zaeken en klimaot in 't [[kabinet-Rutte III]].

Vanof juli 2024 toet feberwari 2026 was zie vierde (laeter twidde) vicepremier en minister van Volkshuusvestieng en Ruumteleke Ordenieng in 't [[kabinet-Schoof]], as opvolger van [[Hugo de Jonge]] (CDA).

Omdat zie [[Caroline van der Plas]] niet as partieleider mocht opvolhen, is zie uut den partie 'estapt.

Keijzer is hetrouwd en [[katteliek]]. Zie groeide op en weunt in [[Volendam]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vizag4ylfmm4/m_c_g_mona_keijzer Parlement.com]

{{Politieke leiders in Nederland}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keijzer, Mona}}
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Partieloôs politicus]]
[[Categorie:BBB-politicus]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands advocaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-'Olland]]</text>
      <sha1>28wo7hiqzwy4lw9aya8fvaa15f9c5kb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Frans Timmermans</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174846</id>
      <parentid>174276</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:37:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1540" sha1="8733u9i78pt2u10kwm9xo86iesgqor2" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:P060135-973007.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Frans Timmermans''' ([[Maestricht]], 6 meie [[1961]]) is 'n Nederlandse voormaelige diplomaot en politicus vò de [[PvdA]].

Timmermans was van 1998 toet 2007 en van 2010 toet 2012 lid van de [[Twidde Kaemer]]. Van december 2023 toet november 2025 was um vanover Kaemerlid.

Van 2007 toet 2010 was um staetssecretaoris vò Europeêse saemenwerkieng in 't [[kabinet-Balkenende IV]] en van 2012 toet 2014 minister van butenlandse zaeken in 't [[kabinet-Rutte II]].

Van 2014 toet 2023 was um [[Eurocommissaoris]] en ok viceveuzitter van de [[Europeêse Commissie]]; vanof 2019 was um bezig mie de [[klimaotsveranderieng]]. Um z'n opvolger as Eurocommissaoris is [[Wopke Hoekstra]].

Um was liestetrekker van de combinaotie [[GL]]-PvdA vò de verkieziengen in 2023 en 2025. Van november 2023 toet november 2025 was um fraoctieveuzitter en politiek leider van GL-PvdA.

Timmermans spreekt verscheie taelen, waeronger [[Italiaons]] en [[Russisch]]. Um is [[roôms-katteliek]] en vò de twidde keêr getrouwd.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llk9rzrp/f_c_g_m_frans_timmermans Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timmermans, Frans}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eurocommissaoris]]
[[Categorie:GL-politicus]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]</text>
      <sha1>8733u9i78pt2u10kwm9xo86iesgqor2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Karien van Gennip</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14443</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174840</id>
      <parentid>159408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:09:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Lienks nae buten */</comment>
      <origin>174840</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1010" sha1="9h8dkquheqagyc5kwzc27kl63401s5h" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:EPP Summit, 17 June, Brussels (53797660719).jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Karien van Gennip''' ([[Leidschendam]], 3 oktober 1968) is 'n Nederlandse politica vò 't [[CDA]].

Van Gennip was van 2003 toet 2007 staetssecretaoris vò economische zaeken in 't [[kabinet-Balkenende II]] en [[kabinet-Balkenende III|III]].

Van 2006 toet 2008 was zie [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Van jannewari 2022 toet juli 2024 was zie minister van Sociaole Zaeken en Werkgelegen'eid in 't [[kabinet-Rutte IV]], op'evolgd deu [[Eddy van Hijum]] ([[NSC]]). Vanof september 2023 was zie ok twidde vicepremier, as opvolger van [[Wopke Hoekstra]].

Van Gennip is getrouwd en [[roôms-katteliek]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vggf1fmjyay2/c_e_g_karien_van_gennip Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gennip, Karien van}}
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]</text>
      <sha1>9h8dkquheqagyc5kwzc27kl63401s5h</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kees Boertien</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174871</id>
      <parentid>174325</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:08:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1622" sha1="f9v3pdxckj3cr3m8ieec16jxucnl81y" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Minister van Ontwikkelingssamenwerking Kees Boertien, Bestanddeelnr 925-6132.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Kees Boertien''' ([[Enschede]], 26 juli [[1927]] — [[Vlissienge]], 30 meie [[2002]]) was 'n Nederlandse politicus vò de [[ARP]] en 't [[CDA]].

Um was [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid van 1965 toet 1971 en van 1972 toet 1975. Van 1967 toet 1971 was um ok lid van 't [[Europeês Parlement]].

Van juli 1971 toet meie 1973 was Boertien minister vò ontwikkeliengssaemenwerkieng in 't [[kabinet-Biesheuvel I]] en [[kabinet-Biesheuvel II|II]].

Van 16 jannewari 1975 toet 1 auhustus 1992 was um [[Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] van [[Zeêland]]. Um was d'n opvolger van [[Jan van Aartsen]] en wier opgevolgd deu [[Wim van Gelder (CDA)|Wim van Gelder]].

Boertien was getrouwd en lid van de [[Christeleke Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141031030942/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lkycphz8/c_kees_boertien Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Cees_(Cornelis)_Boertien Encyclopedie van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Jan van Aartsen]]
| 1975 — 1992
| [[Wim van Gelder (CDA)|Wim van Gelder]]
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boertien, Kees}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Europarlementariër]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tjerk Westerterp</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14609</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174849</id>
      <parentid>174426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:41:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1800" sha1="drp6s7n8cvrc7we0k01l85n6oehltye" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Tweede Kamer, Minister Tjerk Westerterp van Verkeer en Waterstaat, Bestanddeelnr 926-7551.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Tjerk Westerterp''' ([[Rotterdam]], 2 december [[1930]] - [[Ulvenout]], 8 oktober [[2023]]) was 'n Nederlandse journalist, amtenaer en politicus vò de [[KVP]] en 't [[CDA]].

Westerterp was [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid van 1963 toet 1971, van 1972 toet 1973 en van 1977 toet 1978.

Van 1966 toet 1971 was um ok raedslid en wetouwer van [[Nieuw-Ginneken]]. En van 1967 toet 1971 was um eveneêns lid van 't [[Europeês Parlement]].

Van auhustus 1971 toet maerte 1973 was um staetssecretaoris vò Europeêse saemenwerkieng in 't [[kabinet-Biesheuvel I]] en [[kabinet-Biesheuvel II|II]] en van meie 1973 toet december 1977 minister van Verkeer en Waeterstaet in 't [[kabinet-Den Uyl]]. Tiedens zien ministerschap besloôt um d' [[Oôsterscheldekerieng]] deêls te voorzie van schuuven.

Van 1978 toet 1993 was um 'oôd van d' Europeêse Optiebeurs (EOE) en stelde in 1983 d'n AEX-index in.

Westerterp was [[katteliek]] en vò de twidde mael getrouwd.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141031030508/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llcxz5yf/th_e_tjerk_westerterp Parlement.com]
* [https://www.pzc.nl/politiek/oud-minister-en-bedenker-aex-index-tjerk-westerterp-overleden~a3b22e14/ PZC]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Westerterp, Tjerk}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Europarlementariër]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jetta Klijnsma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14726</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174844</id>
      <parentid>174202</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:36:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1102" sha1="rbxkmqmmc2p8ggw3rmlr7wouybplpjz" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Jetta Klijnsma.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Jetta Klijnsma''' ([[Oôgeveen]], 18 maerte [[1957]]) is 'n Nederlandse politica vò de [[PvdA]].

Van 1990 toet 2002 en in 2006 was zie raedslid en van 1998 toet 2008 wetouwer van de gemeênte [[D'n Aegt]]. In 2008 was zie ok enige maenden waernemend burgemeêster.

Van 2008 toet 2010 was zie staetssecretaoris in 't [[kabinet-Balkenende IV]] en van 2012 toet 2017 staetssecretaoris in 't [[kabinet-Rutte II]], beide van sociaole zaeken. Tussentieds was zie van 2010 toet 2012 [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Klijnsma was van 2017 toet 2025 [[Commissaoris van de Konienk]] van [[Drenthe]]; opvolgster is [[Agnes Mulder]] (CDA).

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/9353000/1/j9vvknrezmh4csi/vhy1h3cc38zq Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Klijnsma, Jetta}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Drenthe]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in D'n Aegt]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jan van Aartsen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14743</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174872</id>
      <parentid>174326</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T08:09:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="2111" sha1="b7agl9ljl0l98n1176s2pqtdy6sw0bc" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Het nieuwe kabinet Mr van Aartsen na zijn bezoek aan kabinetsformateur, Bestanddeelnr 915-3710.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]
[[Plaetje:Koningin Juliana bij het openen van de Oosterscheldebrug de koningin in gezels, Bestanddeelnr 918-5663.jpg|thumb|Mie konienginne [[Juliaona]] bie d' openieng van de [[Zeêlandbrugge]] op 15 december [[1965]]]]

'''Jan van Aartsen''' ([[Amsterdam]], 15 september [[1909]] - [[Vlissienge]], 3 feberwari [[1992]]) was 'n Nederlandse amtenaer en politicus vò d' [[ARP]].

Van Aartsen was van 1949 toet 1958 raedslid en wetouwer van [[Den 'Aeg]]. In 1959 was um korte tied [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Um was drie mael minister. Van 1958 toet 1959 van Verkeer en Waeterstaet in 't [[kabinet-Drees IV]] en [[kabinet-Beel II]], van 1959 toet 1963 van Volks'uusvestieng en Bouwniever'eid in 't [[kabinet-De Quay]] en van 1963 toet 1965 opnieuw van Verkeer en Waeterstaet in 't [[kabinet-Marijnen]].

Van 1 juni 1965 toet 1 oktober 1974 was um [[Commissaoris van de Konienginne]] van [[Zeêland]]. Um was d'n opvolger van [[Guus de Casembroot]] en wier op'evolgd deu [[Kees Boertien]].

Van Aartsen had Zeêuwse wortels. Um was getrouwd en de vaeder van [[VVD]]-politicus [[Jozias van Aartsen]]. Oôrspronkelijk was um lid van de [[Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland]] maer na d'n oôrlog van de [[Nederlandse 'Ervormde Kerke]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150109030539/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lldxcw00/j_jan_van_aartsen Parlement.com]
* [https://encyclopedievanzeeland.nl/Johannes_van_Aartsen Encyclopedie van Zeeland]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; 
|-
! colspan=3|&lt;center&gt;[[Commissaoris van de Konienginne van Zeêland]]
|-
! vòganger
! tied
! opvolger
|-
| [[Guus de Casembroot]]
| 1965 — 1974
| [[Kees Boertien]]
|}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aartsen, Jan van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk van Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:Wetouwer]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in D'n Aegt]]</text>
      <sha1>b7agl9ljl0l98n1176s2pqtdy6sw0bc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bram Peper</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174853</id>
      <parentid>174374</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:44:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1023" sha1="dwqcbxi9rybk9pithzmz0e9ecjfbwg4" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Burgemeester van Rotterdam Bram Peper, Bestanddeelnr 934-4161.jpg|frameless|rechts]]

'''Bram Peper''' ([[Haerlem]], 13 feberwari [[1940]] - [[Capelle an den Iessel]], 20 auhustus [[2022]]) was 'n Nederlandse socioloog en politicus vò de [[PvdA]].

Um was van 1975 toet 1982 'oôgleraer an d' [[Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam]].

Van 16 maerte 1982 toet 3 auhustus 1998 was um burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]] en van 1998 toet 2000 minister van Binn'nlandse Zaeken in 't [[kabinet-Kok II]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220820211240/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llpn0et0/a_bram_peper?ac=1:lvq:u:3Db4RvheAiM16SkJpodFJZoxStc Parlement.com]
* [https://stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl/apps/stadsarchief.nl/zoek-en-ontdek/themas/1-stad-7-burgemeesters/peper/ Stadsarchief Rotterdam]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Peper, Bram}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ivo Opstelten</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14820</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174852</id>
      <parentid>174419</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:43:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1427" sha1="6zqy8b5g0yzps0c7vh01j299aacynoq" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Pieter, Margriet en Opstelten.jpg|thumb|Ivo Opstelten rechts]]

'''Ivo Opstelten''' ([[Rotterdam]], 31 jannewari [[1944]]) is 'n Nederlandse voormaelige amtenaer en politicus vò de [[VVD]].

Opstelten is van vee gemeênten burgemeêster geweest:
* [[Daelen]]: 1972-1977
* [[Doôrn]]: 1977-1980
* [[Delfzijl]]: 1980-1987
* [[Beêrta]] (waernemend): 1983-1984
* [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]]: 1992-1999
* [[Rotterdam]]: 1999-2008
* [[Tilburg]] (waernemend): 2009-2010

Van 2008 toet 2010 was um ok partijveuzitter en van 2010 toet 2015 minister van Veilig'eid en Justitie in 't [[kabinet-Rutte I]] en [[kabinet-Rutte II|II]].

Opstelten is hetrouwd en [[remonstraonts]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151013224935/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lm0ci8xr/i_w_ivo_opstelten Parlement.com]
* [https://stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl/apps/stadsarchief.nl/zoek-en-ontdek/themas/1-stad-7-burgemeesters/opstelten/ Stadsarchief Rotterdam]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Opstelten, Ivo}}
[[Categorie:Partijveuzitter]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Drenthe]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Greunienge]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht (gemeênte)]]</text>
      <sha1>6zqy8b5g0yzps0c7vh01j299aacynoq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Henk Vonhoff</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14856</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174847</id>
      <parentid>174359</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:39:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1377" sha1="rhmskp5cye795qh0zygank9rtry3w79" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Staatssecretaris van CRM Vonhoff bij het feest ter gelegenheid van het bereiken , Bestanddeelnr 925-0646.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Henk Vonhoff''' ([[Amsterdam]], 22 juni [[1931]] - [[Hilversum]], 25 juli [[2010]]) was 'n Nederlandse politicus vò de [[VVD]].

Um was van 1967 toet 1971 en van 1973 toet 1974 lid van d'n [[Twidde Kaemer]]. Van 1971 toet 1973 was um staetssecretaoris vò cultuur, recreatie en maotschappelijk werk in 't [[kabinet-Biesheuvel I]] en [[kabinet-Biesheuvel II]].

Van 1974 toet 1980 was Vonhoff burgemeêster van [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]] en van 1980 toet 1996 [[Commissaoris van de Konienk]] van [[Greunienge (provincie)|Greunienge]].

Um schrief politieke boek'n, waeronger 'n geschiedenisse van de VVD (''Liberalen onder één dak. VVD: 50 jaar liberale vereniging'', 1998).

Vonhoff was vriemetselaor en getrouwd mie VVD-politica [[Loes Vonhoff-Luijendijk]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160515172120/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llc6der5/h_j_l_henk_vonhoff Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vonhoff, Henk}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Commissaoris van den Konienk]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands schriever]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Greunienge]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht (gemeênte)]]</text>
      <sha1>rhmskp5cye795qh0zygank9rtry3w79</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Loes Vonhoff-Luijendijk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14861</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174848</id>
      <parentid>174303</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:40:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="746" sha1="d68x3vkbybka83zscwyna0e96ppzvy6" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Gemeenteraad bezoekt Artis. Mevrouw Vonhoff (VVD) met oerang-oetan, Bestanddeelnr 921-3995.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Loes Vonhoff-Luijendijk''' ([[Heerlen]], 21 oktober [[1926]] – [[Hilversum]], 2 feberwari [[2019]]) was 'n Nederlandse politica vò de [[VVD]].

Zie was van 1966 toet 1971 raedslid van [[Amsterdam]] en van 1978 toet 1991 [[Eêste Kaemer]]lid.

Luijendijk was getrouwd mie VVD-politicus [[Henk Vonhoff]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20200812204443/https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llmbgdyn/l_loes_vonhoff_luijendijk Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vonhoff-Luijendijk, Loes}}
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Amsterdam]]</text>
      <sha1>d68x3vkbybka83zscwyna0e96ppzvy6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Derk Boswijk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14983</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174772</id>
      <parentid>172553</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T13:35:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="759" sha1="clxof541d58ruqe77dxrviu17erk5k1" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Derk Boswijk - 2021.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Derk Boswijk''' ([[Woerden]], 8 april [[1989]]) is een Nederlandse politicus vò 't [[CDA]].

Boswijk was van 2015 toet 2021 [[Staetenlid]] van [[Utrecht (provincie)|Utrecht]].

Van maerte 2021 toet feberwari 2026 was um [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Sins feberwari 2026 is um staetssecretaoris van defensie int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

Boswijk is hetrouwd en lid van den [[Grifformeerde Bond]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vld9jvppuexx/d_g_derk_boswijk Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boswijk, Derk}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Utrecht]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kabinet-Schoof</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15279</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174825</id>
      <parentid>173114</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T06:34:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Staetssecretaorissen */</comment>
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      <text bytes="7471" sha1="hs703fdhq02zhxltpf548it3bnnbsmi" xml:space="preserve">'t '''Kabinet-Schoof''' was van 2 juli [[2024]] toet 23 feberwari [[2026]] den reherieng van Nederland. 

Vòganger wast [[kabinet-Rutte IV]], opvolger 't [[kabinet-Jetten]].

Deêze reherieng had een centrum-rechts-populistische inslag en bestond uut een saemenwerkieng van vier partieën: [[PVV]], [[VVD]], [[NSC]] en [[BBB]].

D'r waeren oôrspronkelijk 16 ministers  (waervan 7 wuven) en 13 staetssecretaorissen (waervan 4 wuven), bie mekaer 29 bewindsleu (waervan 11 wuven). Minister-president was den partieloôze [[Dick Schoof]]. 

In den [[Twidde Kaemer]] boôgde 't kabinet oôrspronkelijk op 88 zeêtels en in den [[Eêste Kaemer]] oôrspronkelijk op 30 zeêtels.

Op 3 juni [[2025]] was den PVV uut den reherieng 'estapt &lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2569767-wilders-breekt-met-coalitie-trekt-pvv-ers-terug-uit-kabinet-schoof NOS]&lt;/ref&gt; en op 22 oes 2025 den [[NSC]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://nos.nl/artikel/2579552-na-veldkamp-stappen-ook-alle-andere-nsc-bewindslieden-uit-kabinet NOS]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Partieën ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! colspan=8 | juli 2024 - oktober 2025 (ouwe TK)
|-
! rowspan=2 | coalitiepartij !! colspan=2 | zeêtels !! colspan=3 | bewindsleu !! rowspan=2 | partieleider ¹ !! rowspan=2 | inslag 
|-
! TK !! EK !! ministers !! staetssecr. !! totael
|-
| [[BoerBurgerBewegieng]] (BBB) || 7 || 16 || 2/3/3/5 || 3/4/4/5 || 5/7/7/10 || [[Caroline van der Plas]] || midd'n
|-
| [[Nieuw Sociaol Contract]] ( NSC) || 20 || 0 || 4/5/0/0 || 3/4/0/0 || 7/9/0/0 || [[Eddy van Hijum]] &lt;br&gt; ([[Nicolien van Vroonhoven]]) &lt;br&gt; ([[Pieter Omtzigt]]) || midd'n
|-
| [[Partij vò de Vrie'eid]] (PVV) || 37 || 4 || 5/0/0/0 || 4/0/0/0 || 9/0/0/0 || [[Geert Wilders]] || populistisch
|-
| [[Volkspartij vò Vrie'eid en Democraotie]] (VVD) || 24 || 10 || 4/5/5/8 || 3/4/4/7 || 7/9/9/15 || [[Dilan Yeşilgöz]] || rechtsliberaol
|- 
| partijloôs || || || 1/1/1/1 || 0/0/0/1 || 1/1/1/2 || ||
|-
! Totael || 88/51/31/31 || 30/26/26/26 || 16/14/9/14 || 13/12/8/13 || 29/26/17/27 || ||
|-
! colspan=8 | november 2025 - feberwari 2026 (nieuwe TK)
|-
| [[BoerBurgerBewegieng]] (BBB) || 4 || 16 || 5 || 5 || 10 || [[Caroline van der Plas]] || midd'n
|-
| [[Volkspartij vò Vrie'eid en Democraotie]] (VVD) || 22 || 10 || 8 || 7 || 15 || [[Dilan Yeşilgöz]] || rechtsliberaol
|- 
| partijloôs || || || 1 || 1 || 2 || ||
|-
! Totael || 26 || 26 || 14 || 13 || 27 || ||
|-
|}

¹ De partieleiders hadde gin zittieng int kabinet.

== Ministers ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! minister !! partie !! taeken !! opmerkienge 1 !! opmerkienge 2 !! opmerkienge 3
|-
| [[Fleur Agema]] || PVV || Volkshezondeid, Welzien en Sport || vicepremier 1 || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Jan Anthonie Bruijn]] || VVD || Volkshezondeid, Welzien en Sport || || sins 2025-09-05 ||
|-
| [[Dirk Beljaarts]] || PVV || Economische Zaeken || || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Ruben Brekelmans]] || VVD || Defensie || || ||
|-
| [[Eppo Bruins]] || NSC || Onderwies, Cultuur en Weêtenschap || || || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[Marjolein Faber (PVV)|Marjolein Faber]] || PVV || Asiel en Migraotie || || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Eelco Heinen]] || VVD || Financiën || || ||
|-
| [[Sophie Hermans]] || VVD || Klimaot en Hroene Hroei || vicepremier 2 || ||
|-
| [[Eddy van Hijum]] || NSC || Sociaole Zaeken en Werkhelegeneid || vicepremier 3 || || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[Daniëlle Jansen]] || NSC || Volkshezondeid, Welzien en Sport || || sins 2025-06-19 || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[Vincent Karremans]] || VVD || Economische Zaeken || || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| [[Mona Keijzer]] || BBB || Volksuusvestieng en Ruumteleke Ordenieng || vicepremier 4 || ||
|-
| [[Reinette Klever]] || PVV || Butenlandse 'Andel en Ontwikkeliengsulp || || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Barry Madlener]] || PVV || Infraostructuur en Waeterstaet || || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Gouke Moes]] || BBB || Onderwies, Cultuur en Weêtenschap || || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| [[Foort van Oosten]] || VVD || Justitie en Veiligeid || || sins 2025-09-05 ||
|-
| [[Mariëlle Paul]] || VVD || Sociaole Zaeken en Werkhelegeneid || || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| [[Frank Rijkaart]] || BBB || Binn'nlandse Zaeken en Konienkrieksrelaoties || || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| [[Dick Schoof]] || / || Algemeêne Zaeken || premier || ||
|-
| [[Robert Tieman]] || BBB || Infraostructuur en Waeterstaet || || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| [[Judith Uitermark]] || NSC || Binn'nlandse Zaeken en Konienkrieksrelaoties || || || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[Caspar Veldkamp]] || NSC || Butenlandse Zaeken || || || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[David van Weel]] || VVD || Justitie en Veiligeid || || || toet 2025-09-05
|-
| [[David van Weel]] || VVD || Asiel en Migraotie || || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| [[David van Weel]] || VVD || Butenlandse Zaeken || || sins 2025-09-05 ||
|-
| [[Femke Wiersma]] || BBB || Landbouw, Visserie, Voedselzekereid en Natuur || ||
|-
|}

== Staetssecretaorissen ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! staetssecretaoris !! partie !! taeken !! opmerkienge 1 !! opmerkienge 2
|-
| Thierry Aartsen || VVD || Openbaer Vervoer en Milieu || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| Nora Achahbar || NSC || Herstel en Toeslaegen || || toet 2024-11-15
|-
| Koen Becking || VVD || Funderend Onderwies en Emancipaotie || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| Hanneke Boerma || NSC || Butenlandse Handel || sins 2025-06-19 (Klever) || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| [[Ingrid Coenradie (PVV)|Ingrid Coenradie]] || PVV || Justitie en Veilig'eid || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| Eugène Heijnen || BBB || Fiscaoliteit, Belastiengdienst en Douane || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| Folkert Idsinga || NSC || Fiscaoliteit, Belastiengdienst en Douane || || toet 2024-11-01
|-
| Chris Jansen || PVV || Openbaer Vervoer en Milieu || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| [[Vincent Karremans]] || VVD || Jeugd, Preventie en Sport || || toet 2025-06-19
|-
| Vicky Maeijer || PVV || Langdurige en Maetschappelijke Zurg || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| Eltje van Marum || BBB || Herstel Greunienge || ||
|-
| Jurgen Nobel || VVD || Participaotie en Integraotie || ||
|-
| Tjebbe van Oostenbruggen || NSC || Fiscaoliteit, Belastiengdienst en Douane || sins 2024-11-15 || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| Sandra Palmen || NCS || Herstel en Toeslaegen || sins 2024-12-12 || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| Sandra Palmen || / || Herstel en Toeslaegen || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| [[Mariëlle Paul]] || VVD || Funderend Onderwies en Emancipaotie || || toet 2025-09-05
|-
| Nicki Pouw-Verweij || BBB || Langdurige en Maetschappelijke Zurg || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| Jean Rummenie || BBB || Visserie, Voedselzeker'eid en Natuur || ||
|-
| Arno Rutte || VVD || Rechsbeschermieng || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
| Teun Struycken || NSC || Rechsbeschermieng || || toet 2025-08-23
|-
| Zsolt Szabó || PVV || Digitaoliserieng en Konienkrieksrelaoties || || toet 2025-06-03
|-
| Judith Thielen || VVD || Jeugd, Preventie en Sport || sins 2025-06-19 ||
|-
| Gijs Tuinman || BBB || Materieêl en personeêl || ||
|-
| Aukje de Vries || VVD || Butenlandse Handel || sins 2025-09-05 || 
|-
|}

== Zie ok ==
* [[Politiek in Nederland#Kabinet'n|Politiek in Nederland — Kabinet'n]]

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/regering/over-de-regering/kabinetten-sinds-1945/kabinet-schoof Rijksoverheid]
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vmdmihklyen5/kabinet_schoof_2024_2026 Parlement.com]
* [https://www.tweedemonitor.nl/kabinet/Schoof Tweedemonitor]
* [https://nos.nl/artikel/2602264-kabinet-schoof-neemt-afscheid-zon-wilde-maar-niet-gaan-schijnen NOS]

[[Categorie:Kabinet]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>David van Weel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>174806</id>
      <parentid>174410</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:54:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1293" sha1="8wshy8ilrfwpztsl4bicb5z3sq5jll2" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Home Secretary of the United Kingdom Yvette Cooper meets the Netherlands' Justice and Security Minister in London David van Weel to discuss strengthening joint efforts on 29 January 2025.jpg|thumb|David van Weel lienks]]

'''David van Weel''' ([[Rotterdam]], 4 auhustus [[1976]]) is 'n Nederlandse politicus vò de [[VVD]] en voormaelig militair en diplomaet.

Van Weel was onger meêr assistent-secretaoris-generaol bie de [[NAVO]].

Van juli 2024 toet september 2025 was ie minister van Justitie en Veiligeid in 't [[kabinet-Schoof]], as opvolger van [[Dilan Yeşilgöz]] (VVD). 

Van juni 2025 toet feberwari 2026 was ie int zelfde kabinet minister van Asiel en Migraotie, as opvolger van [[Marjolein Faber (PVV)|Marjolein Faber]] ([[PVV]]) en van september 2025 toet feberwari 2026 ok minister van Butenlandse Zaeken, as opvolger van [[Caspar Veldkamp]] ([[NSC]]).

Vanof feberwari 2026 is ie minister van Justitie en Veiligeid int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

Ie hroeide op in [[Capelle an den Iessel]] en is hetrouwd.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vme1talatcuv/d_m_david_van_weel Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Weel, David van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands officier]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jaap van der Doef</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174838</id>
      <parentid>174535</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:08:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1289" sha1="b8wbluyn4uibm2blwls6skusfmwx7dm" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:Tweede Kamer , begroting BZ Jaap van de Doef (15, 16), Arie de Graaf (17, 18), Bestanddeelnr 930-1134.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Jaap van der Doef''' ([[Doôrn]], 9 april [[1934]] - [[Vlissienge]], 15 feberwari [[2025]]) was 'n Nederlandse politicus vò de [[PvdA]].

Van der Doef was van 1973 toet 1981 en van 1982 toet 1986 [[Twidde Kaemer]]lid.

Van 1981 toet 1982 was um staetssecretaoris van verkeêr en waeterstaet in 't [[kabinet-Van Agt II]].

Van 1 maerte 1986 toet 1 meie 1999 was um burhemeêster van Vlissienge en in 2002 waernemend burhemeêster van [[Almere]].

Ok was um o.a. veuzitter van de Vereênigieng van Zeêuwse Gemeênten (VZG).

Van der Doef was van [[katteliek]]e huuze en twimael hetrouwd.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lleb5rzw/biografie/j_c_th_jaap_van_der_doef?ac=1:ml3:u:%2bAiVtMGfzzYRiby9bbA8oMNOzxA Parlement.com]
* [https://www.omroepzeeland.nl/nieuws/17239865/jaap-van-der-doef-overleden-vlissingen-was-een-geschenk-uit-de-hemel Omroep Zeêland]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Doef, Jaap van der}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster in Zeêland]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Flevoland]]
[[Categorie:Vlissienge]]</text>
      <sha1>b8wbluyn4uibm2blwls6skusfmwx7dm</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Frits Bolkestein</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15744</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174831</id>
      <parentid>174335</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:05:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1402" sha1="k9i7bcecfh5hxghk4nbxlbfhfa9opec" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:2010 Bolkestein Frits.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Frits Bolkestein''' ([[Amsterdam ]], 4 april [[1933]] – [[Laren (Noord-'Olland)]], 17 feberwari [[2025]]) was 'n Nederlandse politicus vò de [[VVD]].

Um was Twidde Kaemerlid (1978-1982, 1986-1988, 1989-1999), staetssecretaoris butenlandse 'andel (1982-1986, [[kabinet-Lubbers I]]), minister defensie (1988-1989, [[kabinet-Lubbers II]]) en [[Eurocommissaoris]] interne markt (1999-2004, [[commissie-Prodi]]).

Van 1990 toet 1998 was um ok partieleider en fraoctieveuzitter.

Bolkestein was twimael 'etrouwd, schrief (veural politieke) boek'n en was biezonder 'oôgleraer.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llm8ceyc/biografie/f_frits_bolkestein Parlement.com]
* [https://historiek.net/frits-bolkestein-vvd-politicus/145857/ Historiek] (Paars)
* [https://historiek.net/frits-bolkestein-en-zijn-kritiek-op-de-euro/155467/ Historiek] (euro)
* [https://nos.nl/nieuwsuur/artikel/2606076-biografie-het-ging-vvd-leider-bolkestein-om-het-debat-maar-wat-bereikte-hij-ermee NOS]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bolkestein, Frits}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eurocommissaoris]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands schriever]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hans van den Broek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15757</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174832</id>
      <parentid>174291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:05:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1721" sha1="qik46dfsd98988r47flbvljqyhbqbyt" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Nyyazov in EC (1998-02-24) 03.jpg|thumb|Hans van den Broek rechts]]

'''Hans van den Broek''' ([[Paries]], 11 december [[1936]] – [[Bussum]], 22 feberwari [[2025]]) was 'n Nederlandse advocaet en politicus van [[KVP]] en laeter [[CDA]].

Um brocht z'n jeugd deur in [[Hilversum]] en studeerde rechen in [[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]].

Van 1970 toet 1974 was um raedslid van [[Rheden]]. Vervolgens was um in de jaeren 1976-1981, 1982, 1986 en 1989 Twidde Kaemerlid.

Van 1981 toet 1982 was um staetssecretaoris Europeêse saemenwerkieng ([[Van Agt|kabinet'n Van Agt II en III]]) en van 1982 toet 1993 minister van butenlandse zaeken ([[Lubbers|kabinet'n Lubbers I, II en III]]).

Daernae was um van 1993 toet 1999 [[eurocommissaoris]] butenlands- en veilig'eidsbeleid en uutbreidieng in de [[commissie-Delors III]] (1993-1995) en de [[commissie-Santer]] (1995-1999).

Sins 2005 was um minister van Staet. Um gold as 'n atlanticus en streefde nae hoede betrekkiengen mie de [[Vereênigde Staeten]].

Van den Broek was hetrouwd en katteliek.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lliq6gvw/biografie/h_hans_van_den_broek?ac=1:ml9:u:bIZz7qER%2fvWH%2b96S1gesOpQQvI8 Parlement.com]
* [https://nos.nl/artikel/2557084-oud-minister-en-cda-prominent-hans-van-den-broek-88-overleden NOS]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Broek, Hans van den}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Europeêse Unie-politicus (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Eurocommissaoris]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:KVP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands advocaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands roôms-katteliek]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Gelderland]]</text>
      <sha1>qik46dfsd98988r47flbvljqyhbqbyt</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Ingrid Coenradie (PVV)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174834</id>
      <parentid>174308</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:07:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1203" sha1="dppvotc6zh7pyyy68rayian72ff1crl" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Ingrid Coenradie at De Balie.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Ingrid Coenradie''' ([[Rotterdam]], 21 december [[1987]]) is een Nederlandse politica vò [[JA21]] en toet juni 2025 vò den [[PVV]] (eigelijk partieloôs).

Coenradie groeide op in [[Rotterdam-Zuud]], studeêrde human resource management en werkte as manager int bedriefsleven.

Ofkomstig uut den [[VVD]] was zie van 2022 toet 2024 naemens [[Leêfbaer Rotterdam]] raedslid (vanof 2023 ok fraoctieveuzitter) van [[Rotterdam]].&lt;ref&gt;Tegeliekertied wier in 2022 naemgenoôt [[Ingrid Coenradie (PS)|Ingrid Coenradie]] (Progressief Schiedam) raedslid van buurgemeênte [[Schiedam]].&lt;/ref&gt;

Van juli 2024 toet juni 2025 was zie staetssecretaoris van Justitie en Veilig'eid int [[kabinet-Schoof]], as opvolger van [[Eric van der Burg]] ([[VVD]]).

Sins november 2025 is zie lid van den Twidde Kaemer.

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vme3gy0vf1zk/i_ingrid_coenradie Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coenradie, Ingrid}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Partieloôs politicus]]
[[Categorie:LR-politicus]]
[[Categorie:PVV-politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>dppvotc6zh7pyyy68rayian72ff1crl</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>174835</id>
      <parentid>174834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-17T07:07:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="1203" sha1="3g71we0phyl7jaih8o2ulq2gcily1xz" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Ingrid Coenradie at De Balie.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Ingrid Coenradie''' ([[Rotterdam]], 21 december [[1987]]) is een Nederlandse politica vò [[JA21]] en toet juni 2025 vò den [[PVV]] (eigelijk partieloôs).

Coenradie hroeide op in [[Rotterdam-Zuud]], studeêrde human resource management en werkte as manager int bedriefsleven.

Ofkomstig uut den [[VVD]] was zie van 2022 toet 2024 naemens [[Leêfbaer Rotterdam]] raedslid (vanof 2023 ok fraoctieveuzitter) van [[Rotterdam]].&lt;ref&gt;Tegeliekertied wier in 2022 naemgenoôt [[Ingrid Coenradie (PS)|Ingrid Coenradie]] (Progressief Schiedam) raedslid van buurgemeênte [[Schiedam]].&lt;/ref&gt;

Van juli 2024 toet juni 2025 was zie staetssecretaoris van Justitie en Veilig'eid int [[kabinet-Schoof]], as opvolger van [[Eric van der Burg]] ([[VVD]]).

Sins november 2025 is zie lid van den Twidde Kaemer.

== Noôten ==
&lt;References/&gt;

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vme3gy0vf1zk/i_ingrid_coenradie Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coenradie, Ingrid}}
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:Partieloôs politicus]]
[[Categorie:LR-politicus]]
[[Categorie:PVV-politicus]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>André van der Louw</title>
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'''André van der Louw''' ([[Den 'Aeg]], 9 auhustus [[1933]] - [[Scheveniengen]], 20 oktober [[2005]]) was een Nederlandse politicus van den [[PvdA]] en bestierder.

Um was Twidde Kaemerlid in 1971 en in 1982-1983.

Van 1971 toet 1974 was um partieveuzitter en van 1974 toet 1981 burhemeêster van [[Rotterdam]] (vòganger was [[Wim Thomassen]], opvolger [[Bram Peper]]).

In 1981-1982 was um minister van Cultuur, Recreaotie en Maotschappelijk Werk int [[kabinet-Van Agt II]] en van 1983 toet 1986 veuzitter vant Openbaer Lichaem Rienmond.

Van der Louw was ok van 1983 toet 1989 veuzitter vant betaeld voebal van den KNVB, van 1988 toet 1994 veuzitter van den Mediaraed en van 1994 toet 1997 veuzitter van den [[NOS]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09llibel01/biografie/a_a_andre_van_der_louw Parlement.com]
* [https://biografieportaal.nl/recensie/andre-van-der-louw-kroonprins-van-nieuw-links/ Biografieportaal]
* [https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/oud-politicus-andre-van-der-louw-72-overleden~b7a2501e/ de Volkskrant]
* [https://stadsarchief.rotterdam.nl/zoek-en-ontdek/themas/1-stad-7-burgemeesters/van-der-louw/ Stadsarchief Rotterdam]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Louw, Andre van der}}
[[Categorie:Partijveuzitter]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:PvdA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands bestierder]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]
[[Categorie:Voebal in Nederland]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Universiteit Maestricht</title>
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      <text bytes="602" sha1="qfld56bedw2i7crpurmj8onkl2htbr1" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Universiteit Maastricht MBB4-6.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Universiteit Maestricht''' (UM, Nederlands: ''Universiteit Maastricht'', [[Limburgs]]: ''Universiteit Mestreech''), toet 1996 ''Rieksuniversiteit Maestricht'', is een Nederlandse universiteit in den stad [[Maestricht]].

Den universiteit wier op 9 jannewari [[1976]] 'esticht.

D'r binne 23.000 studenten (2023) mie zes faculteiten.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20250529231108/https://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/nl Eige webstek]

{{Stompje}}

[[Categorie:Universiteit in Nederland]]
[[Categorie:Maestricht]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Klaas Dijkhoff</title>
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'''Klaas Dijkhoff''' ([[Soltau]], 13 jannewari [[1981]]) is een Nederlandse ongernemer en voormaelig politicus van den [[VVD]].

Dijkhoff studeêrde [[rechen]] an den [[Universiteit van Tilburg]].

Van 2010 toet 2013 was um raedslid van [[Breda]].

Um was Twidde Kaemerlid van 2010 toet 2015 en (as fraoctieveuzitter) van 2017 toet 2021.

Int [[kabinet-Rutte II]] was um van 2015 toet 2017 as opvolger van [[Fred Teeven]] (VVD) staetssecretaoris van veilig'eid en justitie en in oktober 2017 minister van defensie.

Dijkhoff is 'etrouwd en ei een [[katteliek]]e achtergrond.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/viem19iceaz8/biografie/k_h_d_m_klaas_dijkhoff Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dijkhoff, Klaas}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands ongernemer]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Noord-Braebant]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Daniëlle Jansen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16311</id>
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      <text bytes="755" sha1="cfx935njtm724eg7jbc5xv0kb7cxgim" xml:space="preserve">'''Daniëlle Jansen''' ([[Tollebeêk]], 29 september [[1970]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[NSC]].

Jansen studeêrde verplegieng en an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]] [[sociologie]].

Zie werkte as ongerzoeker en leraer bie deêze universiteit.

Van december 2023 toet juni 2025 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Van juni toet auhustus 2025 was zie minister van Volksgezond'eid, Welzien en Sport int [[kabinet-Schoof]], as opvolgster van [[Fleur Agema]] ([[PVV]]).

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vm6uk5wcmfko/biografie/d_e_m_c_danielle_jansen Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jansen, Danielle}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:NSC-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wim van Eekelen</title>
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      <text bytes="1471" sha1="cqv1c7t6lkb47vcp2wwk08hy61y02tq" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Regeringsverklaring kabinet Lubbers-II ministers Bukman, van Eekelen en Nijpels, Bestanddeelnr 933-7186.jpg|thumb|Wim van Eekelen midd'n]]

'''Wim van Eekelen''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 5 feberwari [[1931]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 25 juni [[2025]]) was een Nederlandse diplomaet, amtenaer en politicus van den [[VVD]].

Van Eekelen studeêrde [[rechen]] an den [[Universiteit Utrecht]].

Um werkte in den diplomatieke dienst en opt ministerie van Butenlandse Zaeken.

Was Twidde Kaemerlid in 1977-1978, 1981-1982 en 1986, en Eêste Kaemerlid van 1995 toet 2003.

Int [[kabinet-Van Agt I]] was um staetssecretaoris vò defensie (1978-1981), int [[kabinet-Lubbers I]] staetssecretaoris vò Europeêse saemenwerkieng (1982-1986) en int [[kabinet-Lubbers II]] minister van Defensie (1986-1988).

Van 1989 toet 1994 was um secretaoris-generaol van den [[West-Europeêse Unie]] (WEU).

Van Eekelen was een groôt vòstander van Atlantische en Europeêse saemenwerkieng en weunde lange tied in [[Wassenaer]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lli0pnz3/w_f_wim_van_eekelen Parlement.com]
* [https://nos.nl/artikel/2572777-oud-minister-van-defensie-wim-van-eekelen-94-overleden NOS]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Eekelen, Wim van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Eêste Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dirk de Geer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="2448" sha1="sdbssxn9qeph8h198yy9nhj1t7t45h1" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Oud- minister-president jonkheer Dirk-Jan de Geer achter zijn bureau, SFA001015262.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Dirk Jan (Dirk) de Geer''' ([[Greunienge (gemeênte)|Greunienge]], 14 december [[1870]] - [[Soest (Nederland)|Soest]], 27 november [[1960]]) was een Nederlandse politicus van den [[CHP]] en [[CHU]].

De Geer studeêrde [[rechen]] an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Utrecht]] en werkte as journalist.

Um was raedslid van [[Rotterdam]] (1901-1908), Staetenlid (1902-1920, 1935-1939) en gedeputeêrde (1908-1920) van [[Zuud-'Olland]] as ok burgemeêster van [[Arnem]] (1920-1921).

Van 1907 toet 1921, in 1922 en van 1933 toet 1939 (ok fraoctieveuzitter) was um Twidde Kaemerlid.

Um was minister van financiën (1921-1923, 1926-1933, 1939-1940), van binn'nlandse zaeken en landbouw (1925-1926) en van algemeêne zaeken (1939-1940). Van 1933 toet 1947 was um ok minister van Staet.
 
Van maerte 1926 toet oes 1929 en van oes 1939 toet september 1940 was um premier. Um z'n opvolger nae den twidde mael was [[Pieter Gerbrandy]].

In meie 1940 vluchtte um nae [[Iengeland]] maer kwam in jannewari 1941 terug.

Um was van 1929 toet 1940 partieleider en eveneêns van 1933 toet 1939 partieveuzitter.

Jonkheêr De Geer was 'etrouwd en lid van den [[Nederlandse 'Ervormde Kerke]].

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-De Geer I]] (1926-1929): [[ARP]], [[CHU]], [[RKSP]], partieloôze liberaolen
* [[Kabinet-De Geer II]] (1939-1940): [[CHU]], [[RKSP]], [[SDAP]] (deêls), [[VDB]]

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://parlement.com/biografie/jhrmr-dj-dirk-de-geer Parlement.com]
* [https://www.absolutefacts.nl/politiek/data/geerdirkjande.htm AbsoluteFacts]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn3/geer BWN]
* [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bio001200701_01/_bio001200701_01_0052.php dbnl]
* [https://historiek.net/landverraad-van-oud-premier-dirk-de-geer/44226/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Geer, Dirk de}}
[[Categorie:Partijleider]]
[[Categorie:Partijveuzitter]]
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Gedeputeêrde]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid]]
[[Categorie:Burhemeêster (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:CHU-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands journalist]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Adel]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Gelderland]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Zuud-'Olland]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Rotterdam]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mariëlle Paul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16669</id>
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'''Mariëlle Paul''' ([[Geldrop]], 5 november [[1966]]) is een Nederlandse politica van den [[VVD]].

Paul is (deêls) van [[Pakistan|Pakistaonse]] ofkomst en groeide op in Geldrop en [[Heêze]].

Zie studeêrde rechen an den [[Universiteit Leiden]] en werkte as directeur int bedriefsleven

Van maerte 2021 toet juli 2024 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid (uutgezonderd twidde 'elft van 2023).

Van juli 2023 toet juli 2024 was zie ok minister vò laeger en middelbaer ongerwies int [[kabinet-Rutte IV]].

Vervolgens was zie van juli 2024 toet september 2025 staetssecretaoris vò 'tzelfde plus emancipaotie int [[kabinet-Schoof]].

Van september 2025 toet feberwari 2026 was zie in dit kabinet minister van sociaole zaeken en werkgelegeneid, as opvolgster van [[Eddy van Hijum]] ([[NSC]]).

Paul is vriegezel en van [[katteliek]]e 'uuze; zie weunt al jaeren in [[Amsterdam]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/drs-mlj-marielle-paul Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Paul, Marielle}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:VVD-politicus]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bart van den Brink</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1013" sha1="d3w8yll299x4f4gm49wvkovom37q58o" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:EPP Summit, Brussels, May 2019 (47952000058).jpg|thumb|Bart van den Brink twidde van lienks]]

'''Bart van den Brink''' ([[Amersfoôrt]], 23 oktober [[1978]]) is een Nederlandse politicus vant [[CDA]].

Van den Brink studeêrde [[bestierskunde]] an den Thorbecke Academie in [[Leêuwarden]].

Um werkte bie den gemeênte [[Roermond]].

Vervolgens werkte um vò 't landelijke CDA (Kaemerleêden, bewindsleu, fraoctie).

Van meie toet december 2023 en vanover van november 2025 toet feberwari 2026 was um Twidde Kaemerlid.

Vanof feberwari 2026 is um minister van asiel en migraotie int [[kabinet-Jetten]] en twidde vicepremier.

Van den Brink is hetrouwd en lid van den [[PKN]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/g-bart-van-den-brink Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brink, Bart van den}}
[[Categorie:Vicepremier]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
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  <page>
    <title>Rianne Letschert</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17181</id>
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'''Rianne Letschert''' ([[Doetinchem]], 13 september [[1976]]) is een Nederlandse rechsheleêrde en politica vò [[D66]].

Letschert hroeide op in [[Stiphout]] en studeêrde rechen an onger oare den [[Universiteit van Tilburg]].

Zie werkte ok bie deêze universiteit, onger meêr as deskundihe opt hebied van oôrlogsheweld en as 'oôgleraer.

Vadder was zie van 2016 toet 2026 bestierder van den [[Universiteit Maestricht]].

Zie was informaoteur vò den vormieng vant [[kabinet-Jetten]].

Sins feberwari 2026 is zie minister van Onderwies, Cultuur en Weêtenschap in deêze reherieng.

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/rm-rianne-letschert Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Letschert, Rianne}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands bestierder]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Rechsheleêrde]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Pieter Gerbrandy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17211</id>
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'''Pieter Sjoerds (Pieter) Gerbrandy / Gerbrandij''' ([[Goënga]], 13 april [[1885]] - [[Den 'Aeg]], 7 september [[1961]]) was een Nederlandse rechsheleêrde en politicus van den [[ARP]].

Gerbrandy studeêrde rechen an den [[Vrieë Universiteit Amsterdam]].

Daernae wierd um advocaet in [[Leiden]] en laeter in [[Sneêk]].

Van 1917 toet 1920 was um raedslid van Sneêk.

Van 1919 toet 1930 was um Staetenlid en van 1920 toet 1930 ok gedeputeêrde van [[Friesland]].

Vervolgens was um van 1930 toet 1939 'oôgleraer rechen an den Vrieë Universiteit Amsterdam.

In auhustus 1939 wierd um minister van Justitie int [[kabinet-De Geer II]].

Bie den [[Nazi-Duutsland|Duutse]] inval in meie [[1940]] vluchtte um mie den reherieng nae [[Iengeland]].

In september 1940 wierd um premier, as opvolger van [[Dirk de Geer]]. 

Um was leider van de algemeêne oôrlogskabinet'n [[kabinet-Gerbrandy I|Gerbrandy I]], [[kabinet-Gerbrandy II|Gerbrandy II]] en [[kabinet-Gerbrandy III|Gerbrandy III]].

Ok in de kabinet'n Gerbrandy I en II was um toet feberwari 1942 minister van Justitie en tussentieds van feberwari toet juni 1945 int kabinet-Gerbrandy III.

Int kabinet-Gerbrandy II was um van november 1941 toet meie 1942 eveneêns minister van Koloniën.

Vervolgens was um in de kabinet'n Gerbrandy II en III van meie 1942 toet juni 1945 minister van Oôrlog.

Nae den oôrlog wierd um in juni [[1945]] as premier opevolgd deu [[Willem Schermerhorn]].

Van 1948 toet 1959 was um nog Twidde Kaemerlid (bealve juli-oktober 1956).

In 1955 wierd um minister van Staet.

Gerbrandy was hetrouwd en [[Grifformeerde Kerken in Nederland|grifformeerd]].

== Kabinet'n ==
* [[Kabinet-Gerbrandy I]] (1940-1941)
* [[Kabinet-Gerbrandy II]] (1941-1945)
* [[Kabinet-Gerbrandy III]] (1945)

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://parlement.com/biografie/mr-ps-pieter-gerbrandy Parlement.com]
* [https://www.geschiedenisextra.nl/nl/pieter-sjoerds-gerbrandy.htm GeschiedenisExtra]
* [https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/gerbrandij BWN]
* [https://historiek.net/thema/pieter-sjoerds-gerbrandy/ Historiek]


{{Nederlandse premiers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gerbrandy, Pieter}}
[[Categorie:Premier (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:Gedeputeêrde]]
[[Categorie:Staetenlid]]
[[Categorie:Raedslid]]
[[Categorie:ARP-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands advocaot]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands protestant]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands weêtenschapper]]
[[Categorie:Rechsheleêrde]]
[[Categorie:Politiek in Friesland]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Pieter Heerma</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:55:51Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Orpers</username>
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      <text bytes="838" sha1="marph7wu0t3iiqn9i8bph2lr5auy51d" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Pieter Heerma (2017).jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Pieter Heerma''' ([[Amsterdam]], 5 auhustus [[1977]]) is een Nederlandse politicus vant [[CDA]].

Heerma was tiedens z'n jeugd judoka (o.a. Nederlands kampioen vò junioren).

Um studeêrde politieke weêtenschapp'n an den [[Vrieë Universiteit Amsterdam]].

Van 2012 toet 2023 was um Twidde Kaemerlid en eveneêns van 2019 toet 2021 as ok van 2022 toet 2023 fraoctieveuzitter.

Sins 2026 is um minister van Binn'nlandse Zaeken int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

Heerma is hetrouwd en zeune van voormaelig CDA-leider [[Enneüs Heerma]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/pe-pieter-heerma Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heerma, Pieter}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:CDA-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands sporter]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Limbricht</title>
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    <id>17261</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174786</id>
      <parentid>174736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:25:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="713" sha1="pqad2mqlgetv9inms2gfjzpw2nkqci5" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Sittard-Geleen.png|thumb|Liggienge]]

'''Limbricht''' ([[Limburgs]]: ''Lömmerig / Lömmerich'') is een plekke in den gemeênte [[Sittard-Geleên]] ([[Limburg (Nederland)|Limburg]]) mie 2.500 inweuners (2025).

Toet 1982 wast een eige gemeênte, daernae toet 2001 diel van [[Sittard]].

== Bekende inweuners ==
* [[Sjoerd Sjoerdsma]], diplomaet en politicus 

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20221030093641/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/limbricht Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/woonplaats/limbricht/ AlleCijfers]

[[Categorie:Voormaelige gemeênte in Limburg (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Plekke in Limburg (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Sittard-Geleên]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Beerzerveld</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174785</id>
      <parentid>174770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T14:24:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="484" sha1="cu5e9beqcturt9dfegiw5090c3t69su" xml:space="preserve">[[Plaetje:BAG woonplaatsen - Gemeente Ommen.png|thumb|Liggienge]]

'''Beerzerveld''' is een plekke in den gemeênte [[Ommen]] ([[Overiessel]]) mie 1.100 inweuners (2025).

== Bekende inweuners ==
* [[Heleen Herbert]], bestierder en politicus

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230926202153/https://www.plaatsengids.nl/beerzerveld Plaatsengids]
* [https://allecijfers.nl/woonplaats/beerzerveld/ AlleCijfers]

[[Categorie:Plekke in Overiessel]]
[[Categorie:Ommen]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Stientje van Veldhoven</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17266</id>
    <revision>
      <id>174793</id>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:08:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nieuwe bladzie mee as inoud: '''Stientje van Veldhoven''' is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].  Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].</comment>
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      <text bytes="148" sha1="9wx8s4tnnfksd7hn4xl9jng98zr4j5m" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven''' is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174794</id>
      <parentid>174793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:11:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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      <text bytes="451" sha1="dcc1iwyzldh0e2grz8aegts8mkwloyq" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>dcc1iwyzldh0e2grz8aegts8mkwloyq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174795</id>
      <parentid>174794</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:15:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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      <text bytes="561" sha1="gxlfxe22y89yxwoklmel00vfzvnmahm" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>gxlfxe22y89yxwoklmel00vfzvnmahm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174796</id>
      <parentid>174795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:18:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="666" sha1="fd3vt4s5710bosww3vp9xdgdtix0kiz" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>fd3vt4s5710bosww3vp9xdgdtix0kiz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174797</id>
      <parentid>174796</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:19:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
        <id>15791</id>
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      <text bytes="712" sha1="42a340n5y9yjpgzl1hmp1wmouvspl3d" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Van 2010 toet 2017 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
      <sha1>42a340n5y9yjpgzl1hmp1wmouvspl3d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>174798</id>
      <parentid>174797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:24:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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      <text bytes="896" sha1="n7t88rgw583jqophvc856p1i8psb5yh" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Van 2010 toet 2017 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Int [[kabinet-Rutte III]] was zie van 2017 toet 2019 en van 2020 toet 2021 staetssecretaoris van Infrastructuur en Waeterstaet as ok van 2019 toet 2020 minister vò Milieu en Weunen 

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>174799</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-16T17:30:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Orpers</username>
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      <text bytes="975" sha1="quynvbyvc63txsk0otgl9on7z2uej2t" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Van 2010 toet 2017 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Int [[kabinet-Rutte III]] was zie van 2017 toet 2019 en van 2020 toet 2021 staetssecretaoris van Infrastructuur en Waeterstaet as ok van 2019 toet 2020 minister vò Milieu en Weunen.

Van 2021 toet 2026 was zie directeur Europa vò 't World Resources Institute.

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>174800</id>
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      <text bytes="1076" sha1="kxkldnyeiwlvtpz1brgypfmf5m4uxzd" xml:space="preserve">'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Van 2010 toet 2017 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Int [[kabinet-Rutte III]] was zie van 2017 toet 2019 en van 2020 toet 2021 staetssecretaoris van Infrastructuur en Waeterstaet as ok van 2019 toet 2020 minister vò Milieu en Weunen.

Van 2021 toet 2026 was zie directeur Europa vò 't World Resources Institute.

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="1201" sha1="lu9trwvwsjtx6xizfyzo3mcpuk7qe0g" xml:space="preserve">[[plaetje:Stientje van Veldhoven - Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council - September 2019.jpg|kaderloos|rechts]]

'''Stientje van Veldhoven-van der Meer''' ([[Utrecht (gemeênte)|Utrecht]], 22 juni [[1973]]) is een Nederlandse politica van [[D66]].

Van Veldhoven studeêrde internationaole bestierskunde an den [[Rieksuniversiteit Greunienge]].

Zie werkte bie 't ministerie van Economische Zaeken en (o.a. as diplomaet) bie den [[Europeêse Unie]].

Van 2010 toet 2017 was zie Twidde Kaemerlid.

Int [[kabinet-Rutte III]] was zie van 2017 toet 2019 en van 2020 toet 2021 staetssecretaoris van Infrastructuur en Waeterstaet as ok van 2019 toet 2020 minister vò Milieu en Weunen.

Van 2021 toet 2026 was zie directeur Europa vò 't World Resources Institute.

Sins 2026 is zie minister van Klimaot en Hroene Hroei int [[kabinet-Jetten]].

== Lienks nae buten ==
* [https://www.parlement.com/biografie/s-stientje-van-veldhoven-van-der-meer Parlement.com]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Veldhoven, Stientje van}}
[[Categorie:Minister (Nederland)]]
[[Categorie:Staetssecretaoris]]
[[Categorie:Twidde Kaemerlid]]
[[Categorie:D66-politicus]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands amtenaer]]
[[Categorie:Nederlands diplomaot]]</text>
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