ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
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ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ
ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ
ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ
ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⴹ
ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ
ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ
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ⴰⴽⴰⵍ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ)
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2026-04-07T07:36:21Z
Kwamikagami
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{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴰⴽⴰⵍ'''<ref>ⴰⵙⴳⵣⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]](ⵙ.ⴳ.ⵙ.ⵎ) : [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] (ⵎ.ⵎ.ⵙ.ⵎ)</ref> (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Earth symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|🜨]], [[File:Globus cruciger (fixed width).svg|16px|♁]]) ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⴰⵡⵥⵕⵓ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ|ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ,]] <ref>[https://mawdoo3.com/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6 ⴽⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ)]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2026.</ref>ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]] ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵙⴼⵍⵙⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ]] ⵉⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵥⵥⵉ, ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⵏⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ [[ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ]]. ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⴽⴰ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍⵏ, ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ "ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵣⴷⵖⵜ", ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ (ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⵜ) ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵃⵔⵓⵔⴰⵢ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵏⵉ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵓⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵙⵙⵏ. ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ 4.54 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ, ⵉⵏⴼⵍ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ/ⴰⵎⵙⵖⵔⴷⴰⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ" ⵏⵖ "ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ".<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |date=2023-05-30 |title=Facts About Earth |url=https://science.nasa.gov/earth/facts/ |access-date=2026-01-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>
== ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ==
ⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴰⴳⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⵉⵡⵉⵥ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵢⵉⵡⵉⵥ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]] ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴹⵕⵓⵕ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵉⴳⵣⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵜⴰⵍⵜ/ⵜⴳⵎⵉ (ⴰⵏⵏⵔⵏⵉ) ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⴰⴳⵓⵔ (ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ protoplanete) ⵉⴼⵙⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ "ⵜⵓⵔⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵥⵏⵟⴰⵕ (ⴰⴱⵔⴳⵏⴰⵙ)", ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⵏⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ [[ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ|ⵢⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ]] (ⵎⴰⵕⵚ), ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ "ⵜⵢⴰ", ⵉⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔ/ⵉⵎⵎⵖⵔⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⴰⵎⵏⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴳⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⴽⴰ/ⵉⴼⵔⵓⵔⵔⵓⵢⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵚⵎⵉⴹ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙⵔⴳⵏⵜ ⵜⴼⴼⵖⵉⵡⵉⵏ/ⵜⵙⴳⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵣⵣⵓⵔ/ⵓⵙⵍⴽⴽⵥ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵉⴳⴳⵯ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴷⵍⵏ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=La planète Terre |url=https://cnes.fr/dossiers/planete-terre |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251122195744/https://cnes.fr/dossiers/planete-terre |archive-date=2025-11-22 |access-date=2026-01-05 |website=cnes.fr |language=fr}}</ref>
== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ: ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵙⵙⵓ ⵓⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ==
ⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⴳⵏⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵏⴷⴷⵔ, ⵉⴼⴼⵔ/ⵉⵃⴱⴰ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵉⴽⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙⵜ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵏⵏⵉⴽⵍ, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵉⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⵖⴼ "ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ" ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ, ⴷ "ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ ⴰⵃⵔⵓⵔⴰⵢ". ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵟⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ "ⵜⴰⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓ". ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ, ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵓⴹⵏⴰⵢ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵕⵓ ⴰⵣⵏⵓⴼⵙⵉⵢ/ⴰⴽⵏⵓⴼⵙⵉⵢ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵃⵔⵓⵔⵢⵜ (ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵍⴰⵍⴳⵜ Viscosité) ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵍ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⴰⵢ/ⵓⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵔⵖⵉ. ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ, ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵢⵡⵓⵍ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=@NatGeoFrance |date=2023-03-02 |title=Tout comprendre sur : la planète Terre |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.fr/sciences/tout-comprendre-sur-la-planete-terre |access-date=2026-01-05 |website=National Geographic |language=fr}}</ref>
== ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵜⵉⴽⵜⵓⵏⵉⵢⵏ: ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏ ==
ⵓⵔ ⵜⴳⵉ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⴷⵓⵢⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴷⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵜⵉⴽⵜⵓⵏⵉⵜⵏ. ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵍⵖⵡⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵖⵍⵓⵍⵏ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ. ⴽⵓⴷⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏⵜ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵏⴳⴳⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵎⴰ (ⴰⵥⵕⵓ ⵉⴼⵙⵉⵏ) ⵙⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ. ⴽⵓⴷⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵛⵛⴹ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵉⴳⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ "ⴰⵃⵍⵍⵓⵜⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ"(subduction), ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵙⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵉⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ/ⵓⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ/ⵉⴽⵙⵡⴰⵔⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵎⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⵏⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵢⴼⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ/ⵜⵉⵔⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵜⵉⴽⵜⵓⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=TERRE : Définition de TERRE |url=https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/terre |access-date=2026-01-05 |website=www.cnrtl.fr}}</ref>
== ⵜⵉⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ: ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵟⵉⵚ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ==
ⵉⴱⴷⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵇⵇⵉⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵣⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴷⴰⵏⵏ/ⵉⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵏⵏ. ⵜⴰⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ (ⴰⵖⵔ) ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵟⵉⵚ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⵕⴰⵏ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⵏⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴽⴽⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵥⴹⴰⵕⵜ (ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ)|ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⵜ]] ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵢ, ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵥⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵜⵔⴰⵜⵓⵙⴼⵉⵔ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵎⵏ ⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵥⵏⵥⵕ ⴰⵏⵉⴳⵎⴽⵥⴰⵢ/ⴰⵏⵉⴳⵎⴽⵥⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⵎⵖⵣⴰⴷ. ⵜⵉⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵉⵜⵙⵏⵜ ⵙⴳⴳⵔⵏⵜ ⴰⵖⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵃⵔⵓⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵉⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵏⴼⵔⵓⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵏⵉ.<ref>[https://www.aletihad.ae/news/%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7/4157253/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A---%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6 ⵜⵉⵣⵉⴱⴱⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ)]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2025.</ref>
== ⵜⵉⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵉⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ ==
ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵏⴰⵎⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵅⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵢⴰⵙⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⵯⵙⴰⵏⵜ. ⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍ/ⵜⵓⵏⵓⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⵍⵜ ⴽⵓ 24 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵏⵡⴷⵎ/ⵜⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴰⵍ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 365 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ. ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵜⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵜ ⵏ 23.4 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ. ⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⴽ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵢⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⵯⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵍⵍⴰⴳ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ (ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ [[ⴰⵏⴱⴷⵓ|ⵓⵏⴱⴷⵓ]]), ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵍⵍⴰⴳ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⵥⵓⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵀⵍⵉ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ (ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵜⴳⵔⵙⵜ), ⴷ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ. ⴰⵎⵎⵙⴽⵍ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵣⵎⵣⴰⵏ/ⴰⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴹⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⵓⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵉⴳⵜ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.net/science/2021/11/26/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%87%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A8-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7 ⵜⵉⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2026. </ref>
== ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ: ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ==
ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⵏⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵛⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴹ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵣⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵜⴰⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ "ⵜⵉⵏⴷⴼⴼⴰⵔⵉⵏ/[[ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵢⵙⵙⴰ]]" ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⴱⵓⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵙⴱⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵍⵍⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵎⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ, ⵉⴽⵓⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵊⴳⵓⴳⵓⵍ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵉⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵖⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵉⴳⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵔⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵜ|ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ]] ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵖ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ.<ref>[https://mawdoo3.com/%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86 ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ] (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ), ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵡⴷⵓⵄ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2026. </ref>
== ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ: ⵜⴰⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵖⵜ/ⵜⴰⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:North America from low orbiting satellite Suomi NPP.jpg|thumb|ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏⵏⵖ]]
ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ <ref>[https://www.marefa.org/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A ⴰⵙⴰⵜⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2026.</ref>ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵍⵏ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵙⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ 3.5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵙⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ. ⵓⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⴳⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓ ⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔ ⵖⴼ ⵢⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵎⵙⴽⵍ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ. ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⵉ "ⵜⵙⵓⴷⴼⴰⵡⵜ", ⵜⵙⵔⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵕⵥⵥⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ]], ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵉ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙⵏ. ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⵙⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵓⵙⵓⴳⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵙ ⵜⵕⵡⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵙⵔⴳ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵥⴰⵕ ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⴽⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵉⴳⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵍⵜ/ⵜⵓⴽⴽⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⴷⵜⵜⴰⵏ.
== ⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵕⵉⵎⴰⵍⵜ: ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼⵜ ==
ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⴳⴰ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ [[ⵉⵜⵔⵉ|ⵢⵉⵜⵔⵉ]] ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵉⴳⵓⵜ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ. ⴳ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵍⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵖⵉⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴳ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵖⵍⵜ (ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ) ⴳ ⵓⵙⵔⵓⴳⴳⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⴹ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵍⵖⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏⵏ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ 5 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵖⵉⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⴽⵓⴷⵏⵏⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵎⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴰⵙⵔⵖⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵎⵙⴽⵍ ⵖⵔ "ⴰⴱⵔⴳⵔⵣⵓ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ". ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵓⵎⵎ/ⵜⵍⵎⵥ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳⵔⴰⵜⵙⵏ, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⴷ ⵙ ⵎⴽⴰⴷ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⴷⴷⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴽ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵎⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ.<ref>[https://al3omk.com/80747.html ⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5/1/2026. </ref>
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:The Mysterious Case of the Disappearing Dust.jpg|thumb|ⵜⵉⵏⵥⵥⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵖⵓⴱⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴹⵕⵓⵕ]]
== ⵜⵉⵙⴼⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ==
=== ⵜⵉⵙⴼⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⵉⵏ ===
* ⴰⵡⵓⵎ : 12,742 ⵏ ⵓⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ.
* ⴰⴱⴷⴷⵓⵔ : 5,972 × 10²⁴ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵉⵍⵓⴳⵔⴰⵎ.
* ⴰⴽⵙⴰⵢ : 1,08321 × 10¹² ⴽⵎ³.
* ⵜⵉⵥⵥⵉ : 5,515 ⴳ/ⵙⵎ³.
* ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵯⵏⵉ : 15 °C.
* ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ : 6 000 °C ⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ.
=== ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⴱⵕⵕⵎ/ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰⴹ ===
* ⴰⵏⵏⴰⴹ ⵏⵏⵙ : 24 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⴱⴳⵙ/ⵓⴽⵡⴰⵜⵓⵔ.
* ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ: 365,25 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⵔⵉ ⵏ 29,78 ⴽⵎ/ⵙ(ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏⵜ).
* ⴰⵣⵍⵍⵓⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ : 23,5 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ.
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Solar System true color ZGH.png|thumb|[[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]]]
=== ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ ===
* ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ : ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 46.6%.
* ⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⵓⵏ : ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 27,7%.
* ⴰⵍⵓⵎⵉⵏⵢⵓⵎ : 8.1%.
* ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ : 5%.
* ⴰⴽⴰⵍⵙⵢⵓⵎ : 3.6%.
* ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ : 9,6%.
=== ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ===
* ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵙⵡⴰⵔⵏ/ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵔⵎⵉⴷⵏ : ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1500 ⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ.
* ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴷⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ : ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 50,000.
* ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵖⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ : 1-10 ⵙⵎ/ⴰⵙⴳ.
=== ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ===
* ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ : 71% ⴳ ⵓⴳⵯⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.
* ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵡⵓ : 21%.
* ⵜⴰⵍⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ : 480 ⴽⵎ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=earthhow |date=2018-09-30 |title=Earth Statistics: Straight-Up Stats of Earth |url=https://earthhow.com/earth-statistics/ |access-date=2026-01-05 |website=Earth How |language=en-US}}</ref>
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]
* [[ⴰⴳⵔⵓ]]
* [[ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ]]
* [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ|ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ|ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
tsbe0pu2c5r1qakxsp4mnx17a2n7vht
ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ
0
1123
175582
163548
2026-04-07T07:36:35Z
Kwamikagami
158
175582
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:PIA23791-Venus-RealAndEnhancedContrastViews-20200608 (cropped).jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵎⴽⴷⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ''[[ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵔ 10]]'']]
'''ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Venus symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♀]]; ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: Venus) ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵖⴼ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ]] ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⵥⵕⵓ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵏ ''ⴼⵉⵏⵓⵙ''; ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴽⵓⵛⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ. ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙ ''ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ'' ⴷ ''ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⴷⵉⵜ'', ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ ⴷⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵯ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]] ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⴷⵉⵜ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵏⵜⵍ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵔⵖⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴷⴳ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵏ [[ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ|ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ]]. ''ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ'' ⵢⴰⵥ ⵉ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]] ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ|ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⵢⴰⴹⵏ.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ]]
* [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ |ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ|ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
5s846zsxkgoin4u6rf92zcj4a89jidj
ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ
0
1163
175588
163553
2026-04-07T07:41:10Z
Kwamikagami
158
/* ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ */
175588
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
[[File:Planet_collage_to_scale.jpg|thumb|ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]: [[ⴰⴳⵔⵓ]], [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]], [[ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ]], [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]], [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ]], [[ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ]], [[ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ]], [[ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]|235x235px]]
'''ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ''' ⴷ ⵉⵊⵊ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍⵏ ⵉ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]] ⵏⵖ ⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ]] ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳ [[ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ|ⵢⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ]].
==ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ==
ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⴽ]]:
# [[ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]
# [[ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ]]
# [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ]]
# [[ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ]]
# [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]]
# [[ⴰⴳⵔⵓ]]
# [[ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ]]
# [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]
#* [[ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ |ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ |ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ}}
46clurgxn449xpxt91sqbi598w2m8o0
ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ
0
1626
175583
163547
2026-04-07T07:37:10Z
Kwamikagami
158
175583
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mars Hubble.jpg|thumb|right|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⵜⵜ ''Hubble Telescope'' ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 2003.]]
'''ⵉⵎⵣⵉⵡⵖ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Mars symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♂]]) ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵍⵜⵓ ⵙ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⴰⵖ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]].
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ |ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ|ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
s6n2cvkc935sy2t7emkheh21exf1on7
ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ
0
2925
175578
171079
2026-04-07T07:33:19Z
Kwamikagami
158
175578
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵚⴱⵃⴰⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: Mercury; ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Mercury symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|☿]]) ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]] ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ 88 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ]] ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ [[ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵔⵢⵓⵙ]], ⴰⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛⵏ.<ref name="name-origin">J. N. Bremmer, ''Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible and the Ancient Near East'' (Brill, 2008), p. 272.</ref>
ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴰⵏⴰⵏⴰⵢ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵏ 3:2, ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⴽ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ.<ref>Elkins-Tanton, Linda T. (2006). ''Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and the Outer Solar System''. New York: Chelsea House. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-8160-5197-7.</ref> ⵜⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵙ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵢⵉⵔⵡⵉⵙ [[ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ]] ⵏⵏⵖ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵏⴷⵉⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ [[ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ|ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ]] ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵊⵊ ⵜⵉⵔⵖⵉ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵡⵍⵉⵡⵍⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ, ⵙⴳ -173 °C (100 ⴽ) ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴰⵔ 427 °C (700 ⴽ) ⴳ ⵓⵣⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⴰⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ.<ref>Prockter, Louise (2005). ''Ice in the Solar System'' (PDF). Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest. 26 (2): 175–188.</ref>
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵍⴻⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ|ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ]] ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ 60% ⴷ 70% ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵓⴷⵜ. ⴰⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⵔ [[ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ]] ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 1% ⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ)|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]].<ref name="russell1988">Russell, C. T.; Baker, D. N.; Slavin, J. A. (1988). "The magnetosphere of Mercury". In Vilas, F.; Chapman, C. R.; Matthews, M. S. (eds.). ''Mercury''. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. pp. 514–561. ISBN 978-0-8165-1085-6.</ref> ⵉⵎⵔⴰ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵥ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ. ⵙⵏⴰⵜ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ]] ⵖⴰⵙ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ: ''[[ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵔ 10]]'' ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⴷ ''[[ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ]]'' ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵣⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ 2004 ⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 4,000 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵙⴳ 2011 ⴰⵔ 2015. ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''[[ⴱⵉⴱⵉⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵓ]]'', ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2025.<ref>""MESSENGER"". NASA. 13 December 2017. Retrieved 1 July 2023.</ref>
== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ==
[[File:Terrestrial_planet_size_comp_2024.png|thumb|ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⴰⵏⵜ. ⵙ ⵓⵥⵍⵎⴰⴹ: ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ, ⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ, ⵉⵎⵣⵉⵡⵖ ⴷ ⵙⵉⵔⵉⵙ.]]
ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⵍⴻⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ, ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎⵏ 2,439.7 ⴽⵎ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⵏⴰⴹ.<ref name="MercuryFactSheet">"Mercury Fact Sheet". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. 30 November 2007. Retrieved 28 May 2008.</ref> ⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵎⵉⴷ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵉⵟⴰⵏ]]. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵢ, ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ [[ⵜⵉⵏⵥⵥⵉ]] ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ (5.427 ⴳ/ⵙⵎ³), ⵜⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ (5.515 ⴳ/ⵙⵎ³).<ref name="MercuryFactSheet"/>
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mercury_with_magnetic_field.svg|thumb|ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]
ⴷⴰ ⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵏⵥⵥⵉ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ. ⴰⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ [[ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ|ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ]] ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵥⵥⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ. ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴹⴽⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 55% ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵎⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2007 ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ [[ⴰⵕⴰⴹⴰⵕ|ⵓⵕⴰⴹⴰⵕ]] ⴰⴷⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵉⵏⵏⴼⵙⵉ, ⵙ ⵜⵡⴰⴼⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵓⴳⵍ [[ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴳⵔ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ.<ref name="sciencemag">Margot, J. L.; Peale, S. J.; Jurgens, R. F.; Slade, M. A.; Holin, I. V. (2007). "Large Longitude Libration of Mercury Reveals a Molten Core". ''Science''. 316 (5825): 710–714. Bibcode:2007Sci...316..710M. doi:10.1126/science.1140514. PMID 17478713. S2CID 17211059.</ref> ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ, ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ [[ⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⴰⵜ]] ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉⵖⵏ ⴰⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⵣⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵓⴷⵜ ⵏ 500–700 ⴽⵎ. ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ|ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ'']] ⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⵙⴷⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ, ⵙ ⵜⵣⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ 100-300 ⴽⵎ.<ref>Padovan, Sebastiano; Tosi, Nicola; Plesa, Ana-Catalina; Ruedas, Thomas (November 2015). "The viscous relaxation of Mercury's topography". ''Planetary and Space Science''. 117: 295–309. Bibcode:2015P&SS..117..295P. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.06.014.</ref>
== ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mercury_render_with_Blender_01.png|thumb|ⴰⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ Blender ⵙ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ USGS]]
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mercury_render_with_Blender_02.png|thumb|ⴰⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ Blender ⵙ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ USGS, (2)]]
ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ|ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ]]. ⴷⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴽⵓⵛⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕ ⴳ ⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵍⵢⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵖⴼ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵜ]] ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''[[ⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏⵔ 10]]'' ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ''. ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴽⵙⴰⵢⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔⵏ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵉⵚⵎⵉⴹ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵢⴰⴽⵎⵓⵔ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.<ref>Dzurisin, D. (1978). "The tectonic and volcanic history of Mercury as inferred from studies of scarps, ridges, and other lineaments". ''Journal of Geophysical Research''. 83 (B10): 4883–4906. Bibcode:1978JGR....83.4883D. doi:10.1029/JB083iB10p04883.</ref>
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:The_Mighty_Caloris_(PIA19213).png|thumb|ⴰⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵉⵏ]]
ⵜⴰⴳⵯⴹⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ (ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵜⴳⵯⴹⵉⵜ ⵏ [[ⴽⴰⵍⵓⵔⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵙⵉⵏ]], ⵙ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎⵏ 1,550 ⴽⵎ.<ref>Shiga, David (29 January 2008). "Bizarre spider scar found on Mercury's surface". NewScientist.com news service.</ref> ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⴳⵯⴹⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵓⵏⵜⵔⵉ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵜⴷⵓⵙ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⴰ ⴰⵥⵡⴰⵕ [[ⴰⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏ]] ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ [[ⴰⵍⴰⴼⴰ]] ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴽⵜⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⵯⴹⵉⵜ. ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵯⴹⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵥⵏⵥⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵏⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵙ.
== ⵜⵉⴼⴰⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:North_pole_of_Mercury_--_NASA.jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵊⴷⵉ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴹ 427 °C ⴳ ⵓⵣⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⵏⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵣⴷⵔ ⴰⵔ -173 °C ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ. ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴽⵛⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵔⵖⵉ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ 6.2 ⴷ 10.6 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>Lewis, John S. (2004). ''Physics and Chemistry of the Solar System''. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-446744-6.</ref>
ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵉⵙⴷⵉⴷⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ (ⵜⴰⴼⵖⵡⵊⵊⴰ) ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵏⴹⵕⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⵉⵣⵔⵉⵜⵏ.<ref name="Killen2007">Killen, Rosemary M.; Cremonese, G.; Lammer, H. et al. (2007). "Processes that Promote and Deplete the Exospheres of Mercury and the Moon". ''Space Science Reviews''. 132 (2–4): 433–509. Bibcode:2007SSRv..132..433K. doi:10.1007/s11214-007-9232-0. S2CID 121944548.</ref> ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵓⵍⵉ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵉⵣⴷⵔⵏ, ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵔⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⴱⵍⴽⵉⵎⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ (O₂), ⴰⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ (Na), ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ (H₂), ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ (He) ⴷ ⵓⴱⵓⵜⴰⵙⵢⵓⵎ (K). ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ'' ⵜⵓⴼⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ (H₂O) ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ.<ref>McClintock, William E.; Bradley, E. Todd; Vervack Jr., Ronald J.; et al. (2009). "MESSENGER Observations of Mercury's Exosphere: Detection of Magnesium and Distribution of Constituents". ''Science''. 324 (5927): 610–613. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..610M. doi:10.1126/science.1172535. PMID 19407194. S2CID 206519117.</ref>
== ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:ThePlanets_Orbits_Mercury_PolarView.svg|thumb|ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]
ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ, ⵙ ⵜⵔⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ 0.21. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳⵔ 46 ⴷ 70 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔⵏ.<ref name="Williams2021">Williams, David R. (25 November 2020). "Mercury Fact Sheet". NASA. Retrieved 19 April 2021.</ref> ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵉⴷⵜ ⴽⵓ 87.969 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵎⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵕⵜ 47.36 ⴽⵎ/ⵙⵏ, ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ. ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ (ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⴳⵔ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵇⵇⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ) ⵉⵖⵣⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵉⵍⴽⵎ 176 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>"Space Topics: Compare the Planets". The Planetary Society. Archived from the original on 18 February 2006. Retrieved 12 April 2007.</ref>
== ⴰⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ==
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ]] ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵉⵎⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵥ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵕⵜ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ (48 ⴽⵎ/ⵙⵏ). ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ.
=== ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏⵔ 10 ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mariner_10.jpg|thumb|ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏⵔ 10, ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴰⵣ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]
ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ''ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏⵔ 10'' ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ [[ⵏⴰⵙⴰ]]. ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ ⴳⵔ 1974 ⴷ 1975.<ref>Dunne, J. A.; Burgess, E. (1978). "Chapter 7". ''The Voyage of Mariner 10: Mission to Venus and Mercury''. NASA History Office. SP-424.</ref> ⵜⴳⴰ ''ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏⵔ 10'' ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ [[ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ]] ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ([[ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ]]) ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ. ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 10,000 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 45% ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ [[ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ]] ⵉⵍⵎⴹⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ.<ref name="mariner10">"Mariner 10". NASA. 4 August 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2023.</ref>
=== ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:MESSENGER_Assembly.jpg|thumb|ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ]]
ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ''[[ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ]]'' (ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵜⴰⵡⵏⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ, [[ⵜⴰⴽⵍⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ]], ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⴳⵙⵖⵍⵜ). ⵜⵓⵣⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵏⴰⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2004. ⵜⵓⵢⵍⵍ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ 2005, ⴷ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 2006 ⴷ 2007, ⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳ 2008 ⴷ 2009 ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ.<ref>Murchie, Scott L.; Stephens, Kenneth L.; Turner, F. Samuel (June 2007). "The MESSENGER Mission to Mercury". ''Acta Astronautica''. 61 (1–6): 1–11. Bibcode:2007AcAau..61....1M. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2007.01.001.</ref> ⵜⴽⵛⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 18 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 2011, ⵜⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴰⵢⴰⴷ. ⵜⵎⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ''ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ'' ⴳ 2012, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵖⵣⵉⴼ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ. ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ, ⵜⵕⵥⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳ 30 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 2015.<ref name="fin">"NASA Completes MESSENGER Mission with Expected Impact on Mercury's Surface". NASA. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2015.</ref> ⵜⵓⴼⴰ ''ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ'' ⵉⵏⵏⵓⵎⵎⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴱⵓⵜⴰⵙⵢⵓⵎ|ⵓⴱⵓⵜⴰⵙⵢⵓⵎ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⴽⴱⵔⵉⵜ|ⵓⴽⴱⵔⵉⵜ]] ⴳ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵣⵓⵏⵜⵔⵉ|ⵉⵣⵓⵏⵜⵔⵉⵜⵏ]] ⵉⴱⵖⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵟⵟⵕⵏ. ⵜⴰⴼ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]] ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴽⵓⵛⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵊⴷⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⴽⵉⵎ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ.
=== ⴱⵉⴱⵉⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵓ ===
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵏ ''[[ⴱⵉⴱⵉⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵓ]]'' ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵉⵛⵛⴰⵔⵏ ⴳⵔ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ]] (ESA) ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ]] (JAXA). ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴳ 20 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 2018. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ: ''ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ'' (MPO) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⴷ ''ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵡⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ'' (MMO) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵊⴰⴽⵙⴰ.<ref>"BepiColombo Factsheet". European Space Agency. 6 July 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2010.</ref> ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴹⴽⴰⴹ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ''ⴱⵉⴱⵉⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵓ'' ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ ⴳ 5 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025. ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⵓ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵊⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ.
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
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{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ) |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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2926
175580
168061
2026-04-07T07:35:59Z
Kwamikagami
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{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: '''Jupiter'''; ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Jupiter symbol (bold).svg|16px|♃]]), ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ: [[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Jupiter symbol.svg|15px]], ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]] ⴷ ⵓⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⵓⴳⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵏⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]] ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ|ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ]] ⴷ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ [[ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵣⵉⴽⴽ, ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ, ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ "ⵊⵓⴱⵉⵜⵔ".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/jupiter/overview/ |title=Jupiter |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref>
ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ|ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⴼⴽⵓⵥ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ]], ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵢⵓⴳⵔⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵥⵥⵉ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ. ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵍⴻⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵜ ⵉⵏⵎⵍⵏ. ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔ, ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵏⵡⵊⵊⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⴳⵉⵔⵜ (ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵜ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴽⴰⵣ ⴳ ⵓⴽⵡⴰⵜⵓⵔ). ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴱⴹⴰ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵔⴰⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴳⴰⵏ. ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵓⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 17 ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⵙⵉ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵍⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ [[ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ|ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Jupiter-planet |title=Jupiter |website=Britannica}}</ref>
== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Jupiter_size.png|thumb|ⴰⴽⵙⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵣⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.]]
=== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Jupiter_diagram.svg|thumb|ⴰⵎⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⴳⵉⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ.]]
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍ [[ⵓⴷⵓⵣ|ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ]] ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ. ⴳ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴰⵡⵕⵥⴰⵏ, ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰ|ⵜⵏⴳⴰ]] ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵓⵢ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ ⴰⵎⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ. ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ|ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ]] ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ. ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⵓⵍⵓ, ⴷ ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜⵙ, ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⵡⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Guillot |first1=T. |last2=Stevenson |first2=D. J. |last3=Hubbard |first3=W. B. |last4=Saumon |first4=D. |date=2004 |title=The Interior of Jupiter |url=https://people.ucsc.edu/~glatz/astr16/lectures/jup_interior.pdf |website=Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-81808-7}}</ref> ⴷⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵍⴻⵍ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ|ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ]] ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ''[[ⵊⵓⵏⵓ]]'' ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⴳⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵢⵓⵜⵜⴰ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wahl |first1=S. M. |last2=Hubbard |first2=W. B. |last3=Militzer |first3=B. |last4=Guillot |first4=T. |last5=Miguel |first5=Y. |last6=Movshovitz |first6=N. |last7=Kaspi |first7=Y. |last8=Helled |first8=R. |last9=Reese |first9=D. |last10=Galanti |first10=E. |last11=Levin |first11=S. |last12=Connerney |first12=J. E. P. |last13=Bolton |first13=S. J. |date=June 2017 |title=Comparing Jupiter interior structure models to Juno gravity measurements and the role of a dilute core |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017GL073160 |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |volume=44 |issue=10 |pages=4649–4659 |doi=10.1002/2017GL073160 |bibcode=2017GeoRL..44.4649W}}</ref>
=== ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ===
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:790106-0203_Voyager_58M_to_31M_reduced.gif|thumb|ⵜⴰⵙⵡⵍⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴽⵓⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵣⵖⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ.]]
ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ (88–92%) ⴷ ⵓⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ (8–12%). ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵔⵣⵓⵣⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ|ⵓⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ]] ⵉⴳⵔⵙⵏ. ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵜ, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵖⵔ ⵓⴱⵍⵓⵍⵓ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏ. ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ, ⵉⵙⴼⵉⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⵉⴼⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⵓ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ "ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ" ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ "ⵉⴱⴽⴽⴰⵙⵏ". ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴷⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵜⵜⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.space.com/7-jupiter-largest-planet-in-solar-system.html |title=Jupiter: Our Solar System's Largest Planet |website=Space.com}}</ref>
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ, ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵍⵓⵏⵓⴹⵜ ⴳ 22° ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵡⴰⵜⵓⵔ, ⵜⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 40,000 ⴽⵎ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵓⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ [[ⴳⵢⴰⵏ ⴷⵓⵎⵉⵏⵉⴽⵓ ⴽⴰⵙⵉⵏⵉ]] ⴷ [[ⵕⵓⴱⵕⵜ ⵀⵓⴽ]] ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 17. ⴷⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵥⵉⵢ. ⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2021 ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ''ⵊⵓⵏⵓ'' ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 500 ⴽⵎ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sánchez-Lavega |first1=A. |display-authors=etal |date=2021 |title=The depth of Jupiter's Great Red Spot constrained by Juno gravity overflights |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abf1396 |journal=Science |volume=374 |issue=6570 |pages=961–965 |doi=10.1126/science.abf1396}}</ref>
== ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵍ ==
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵉⵏ (9 ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵉⵏ, 56 ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵜ). ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⵜ ⵉⵏⴼⵍⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴽⵡⴰⵜⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ. ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ, ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ 11.8 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵍⴰⴳ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ 1.31° ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵎⴽⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵖ [[ⵉⵎⵣⵉⵡⵖ]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/jupiterfact.html |title=Jupiter Fact Sheet |website=NASA}}</ref>
== ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ==
ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ 95 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ (IAU) ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/outerp/jup.html |title=Jupiter's Moons |website=Lunar and Planetary Institute}}</ref> ⵉⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ [[ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵢⵓ ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉ]] ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ "[[ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉⵢⵏ]]", ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1610. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵎⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ.
* '''ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵎⵉⴷ''': ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⵓⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ [[ⴰⵣⵡⴰⵇ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ.
* '''ⴽⴰⵍⵉⵙⵜⵓ''': ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ, ⵜⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵉⴳⴱⴱⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ.
* '''ⴰⵢⵓ''': ⴷ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ, ⵢⴰⵎⵓ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 400 ⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵏ. ⴰⵥⵡⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵔⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ.
* '''ⵢⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ''': ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵍⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⴷⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ]] ⵉⴱⵍⵓⵍⵓⵏⵜⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]], ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉ.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/ |title=Jupiter Moons |website=NASA}}</ref>
== ⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ==
ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1610 ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵢⵓ ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ. ⵙⴳ ⵉⴷ ⵙⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ, ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵕⵓⴱⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ.
ⵙⴽⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ''[[ⴱⵢⵓⵏⵉⵔ]] 10'' ⴷ ''11'' ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 1973 ⴷ 1974 ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ. ⵓⴼⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ''[[ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 1]]'' ⴷ ''2'' ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵢⵍⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1979, ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⴽⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵡⴰⵕ ⴰⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵢⵓ. ⴳ 1995, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ''ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵢⵓ'' ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ, ⵜⵣⵔⵓ ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⵢⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴰⵣ, ⵜⴼⴽ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵉⵣⴰⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉⵢⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/galileo |title=Galileo Mission |website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory}}</ref>
ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ''ⵊⵓⵏⵓ'' ⵏ [[ⵏⴰⵙⴰ]], ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵏ ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⴳ 2016, ⴷⴰ ⵜⵣⵔⵔⵓ ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴰⵙⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⵓ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ. ⵜⵙⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵊⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ. ⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵓⵎⵎⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ''ⵢⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⴽⵍⵉⴱⵔ'' (ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵏⴰⵙⴰ) ⴷ ⵊⵓⵢⵙ (ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⵉⵜ), ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⵓⵔⵓⴱⴱⴰ, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵔⵣⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://science.nasa.gov/mission/juno/ |title=Juno Mission |website=NASA}}</ref>
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ)|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ|ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ |ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ|ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ}}
1kiq04dmz6j5sfiktkqn2mkurdh2h9k
ⴰⴳⵔⵓ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ)
0
2927
175579
163549
2026-04-07T07:34:58Z
Kwamikagami
158
175579
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴰⴳⵔⵓ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♄]]) ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]].
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ|ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
b9yndjsljt7mvezznp8q2f6n9yu1pln
ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ
0
2928
175585
163554
2026-04-07T07:39:03Z
Kwamikagami
158
175585
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|⛢]], [[File:Uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|16px|♅]]) ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]] ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]].
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ|ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ|ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
qxm7kb11rxunlc11rpy5e6d8rlrxhm8
ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ
0
2929
175577
168124
2026-04-07T07:31:06Z
Kwamikagami
158
175577
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ''' (ⴰⵣⴰⵎⵓⵍ: [[File:Neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♆]], ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ]]: '''Neptunus''') ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ 17 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ. ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ♆, ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ. <ref>{{cite web |title=Neptune: The Planet of Storms and Mystery |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/overview/ |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref>
ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ, ⴷ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵡⵉⵀⴰⴷ|ⵓⵡⵉⵀⴰⴷ]], ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵙⵎⵍ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ "ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ". ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ [[ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ|ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ|ⵓⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ]], ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵏ [[ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏ|ⵉⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏⵏ]] ⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⵡⴷ [[ⴰⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ|ⵓⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ]], ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ "[[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]]" ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ|ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ. <ref>{{cite web |title=The Atmosphere of Neptune |url=https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9823c/ |website=ESA/Hubble}}</ref>
== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ [[ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵢⵓ ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉ]] ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Le_Verrier_colored.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⵓⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴹⴽⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.]]
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:JohannGalle.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉRYⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵢⵓⵀⴰⵏ ⴳⵓⵜⴼⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⵓ ⵖⴼ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.]]
=== ⴰⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ===
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ|ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ]] ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜⴰⵏⵜ. ⵜⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉ [[ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⵉⵙ ⴱⵓⴼⴰⵔⴷ]] ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⴹⵓⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1845, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ [[ⵓⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ]] ⴰⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔⵓⵙⵙⵉⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kollerstrom |first1=Nick |title=The Discovery of Neptune |url=http://www.dioi.org/vols/w0.pdf |date=2001}}</ref> ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ [[ⵊⵓⵏ ⴽⵓⵜⵛ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ]] ⵜⵉⵙⵉⴹⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏ.
ⴳ 23 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1846, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⵜⵉⴹⴽⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉ ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵏⵉ [[ⵢⵓⵀⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⵙⴰⴹⴰⴼ|ⵓⵙⴰⴹⴰⴼ]] ⵏ [[ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ]]. ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⵥⵕⴰ [[ⴳⴰⵍⵉ]] ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ [[ⵀⴰⵢⵏⵔⵉ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ]] ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴹⴽⴹ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ, ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵢⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵉ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⴰⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ]]. ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴳⵔ [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]] ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵏⵡⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴹⴽⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵉⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ (ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ, ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ, ⴷ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ) ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⴰⴷ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mathematical discovery of planets |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Neptune_and_Pluto/ |website=MacTutor History of Mathematics archive}}</ref>
=== ⵉⵙⵎ ===
ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ" ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵊⴰⵏⵓⵙ". ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ [[ⵜⵛⴰⵍⵉⵙ]] ⵉⵙⵎ "ⵓⵇⵢⴰⵏⵓⵙ". ⵜⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ" ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴳⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵎⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ]]. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hind |first=J. R. |year=1847 |title=Second report of proceedings in the Cambridge Observatory relating to the new Planet (Neptune) |publisher=The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science |series=3 |volume=30 |page=197}}</ref>
== ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ 1.024 × 10²⁶ ⴽⴳ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵣ|ⵓⴳⴰⵣ]]. ⵜⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ 17 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ 1/19 ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏ [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ|ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]]. [[ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ]] ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ "ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Planetary Physical Parameters |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?planet_phys_par |website=JPL Solar System Dynamics}}</ref>
=== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ===
ⵜⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵏ [[ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ]]. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 5% ⴰⵔ 10% ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⴳⵔ ⵏ 10% ⴰⵔ 20% ⵏ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ, ⵉⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ|ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ]]. ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ. ⵉⴽⵕⵥ ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 7000 ⴽ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵜ|ⵜⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ]] ⵉⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏ [[ⴰⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ [[ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ|ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ]], [[ⵏⵏⵉⴽⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⴰⵜ|ⵉⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⴰⵜⵏ]], ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ 1.2 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hubbard |first=W. B. |year=1997 |title=Neptune's Deep Chemistry |journal=Science |volume=275 |issue=5304 |pages=1279–1280 |doi=10.1126/science.275.5304.1279 |bibcode=1997Sci...275.1279H |pmid=9064753}}</ref>
=== ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ===
ⵜⵥⵍⵉ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵉⴽⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵉⵏ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵎⵏ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ]] ⵜⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ, ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Irwin |first1=P. G. J. |last2=Teanby |first2=N. A. |last3=Davis |first3=G. R. |year=2007 |title=Revisiting the Winds of Neptune |journal=Icarus |volume=192 |issue=2 |pages=548–561 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.027 |bibcode=2007Icar..192..548I}}</ref>
ⵙⵙⵓⴳⴳⵯⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]], ⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎⵏ ⴰⵔ 2,100 ⴽⵎ/ⵙⴳ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1989, ⵜⵓⴼⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ [[ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2]] "ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⵙ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ", ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵜ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ, ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ [[ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ|ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ]] [[ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⴰⵏ]] [[ⵀⴰⴱⵍ]] ⴳ 1994. ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜⵙ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hammel |first=H. B. |year=1995 |title=Hubble Space Telescope imaging of Neptune's cloud structure in 1994 |journal=Science |volume=268 |issue=5218 |pages=1740–1742 |doi=10.1126/science.268.5218.1740 |bibcode=1995Sci...268.1740H |pmid=17834491}}</ref>
== ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ==
ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 30.1 ⵏ ⵜⵢⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏⵜ (''''AU'''), ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ 30 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵉⴷⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ 164.8 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ. ⴳ 11 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2011, ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ 1846. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴳ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ 16 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵣⵍⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ 28.32 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ (23°) ⴷ ⵎⴰⵕⵚ (25°), ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵎⴽⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⴽⵓ ⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neptune's Orbit and Rotation |url=https://www.universetoday.com/21633/neptunes-orbit/ |website=Universe Today}}</ref>
== ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ==
ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ 14 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ [[ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ]], ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ [[ⵡⵉⵍⵢⴰⵎ ⵍⴰⵙⵉⵍ]] ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ 17 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵖⵓⵍ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴳⵣⵣⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agnor |first1=C. B. |last2=Hamilton |first2=D. P. |title=Neptune's capture of its moon Triton in a binary-planet gravitational encounter |journal=Nature |date=May 2006 |volume=441 |issue=7090 |pages=192–194 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04792 |doi=10.1038/nature04792 |pmid=16688172 |bibcode=2006Natur.441..192A}}</ref>
ⵉⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵍⴽⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ -235 °C. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵚⵎⴹⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴽⵕⵥⵏ, ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵔⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ. ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ [[ⵏⵉⵔⵉⴷ]], ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵍⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵏⵖ ⵙ [[ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ|ⵉⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱⵏ]] ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Triton |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/neptune-moons/triton/in-depth/ |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref>
== ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ==
ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⴽⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⴷⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴹⵕⵓⵕ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵉⵀⴰⴹ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⵣⴱⴳ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ, ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⴳⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ "ⵉⵣⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ": ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ, ⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ, ⵜⴰⵡⵎⴰⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴱⵖⵙⵜ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴳⴰⵍⴰⵜⵢⴰ]]. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Salo |first=H. |year=1995 |title=Neptune's ring arcs: V-shaped wakes of Corotating Moonlets |journal=Nature |volume=374 |issue=6518 |pages=143–145 |doi=10.1038/374143a0 |bibcode=1995Natur.374..143S}}</ref>
== ⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ==
ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⴰⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⴳ 25 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1989. ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴼ, ⵜⵖⵜⵙ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⵍ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ. ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵊⴷⵉ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⴱⵀⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Voyager 2's Grand Tour |url=https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grand-tour/ |website=NASA JPL}}</ref>
ⵜⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵉⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵜⵙⵖⵍ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⴽⵜⵏ, ⵜⴼⴽ ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵉ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ. ⵜⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⵎⵍ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵔⵖⴰⵏ. ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "[[ⵓⴷⵉⵙⵉ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]", ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵓ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abramov |first1=O. |last2=Baines |first2=K.H. |title=Neptune Odyssey: A Flagship-Class Mission to the Neptune-Triton System |url=https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC2020/EPSC2020-101.html |date=September 2020 |website=EPSC Abstracts Vol. 14}}</ref>
== ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ==
ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵙ [[ⵜⵉⵟⵟ]] ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔⵜ. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ +7.7 ⴷ +8.0, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴷ. ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵇⵉⴼⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Observing Neptune |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/observing/how-to-see-neptune-in-2023/ |website=Sky & Telescope}}</ref>
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ | ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ) |ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ |ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♆]], ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ|ⵜⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ]]: '''Neptunus''') ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵙⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ 17 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⴰⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ. ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ♆, ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵖⵉⵡⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜⴰⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ. <ref>{{cite web |title=Neptune: The Planet of Storms and Mystery |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/overview/ |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref>
ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ, ⴷ ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵣ [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵡⵉⵀⴰⴷ|ⵓⵡⵉⵀⴰⴷ]], ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵙⵎⵍ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⵏ "ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ". ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ [[ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ|ⵓⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ|ⵓⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ]], ⴰⴽⴷ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵏ [[ⴰⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏ|ⵉⵀⵉⴷⵔⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏⵏ]] ⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵢ ⴰⵡⴷ [[ⴰⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ|ⵓⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ]], ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⵏ "[[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]]" ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ]], ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ|ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⴰⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ. <ref>{{cite web |title=The Atmosphere of Neptune |url=https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo9823c/ |website=ESA/Hubble}}</ref>
== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ==
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ [[ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵢⵓ ⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉ]] ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Le_Verrier_colored.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⵓⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴹⴽⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.]]
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:JohannGalle.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉRYⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵢⵓⵀⴰⵏ ⴳⵓⵜⴼⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⵓ ⵖⴼ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.]]
=== ⴰⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ===
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵣⴰⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ|ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ]] ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜⴰⵏⵜ. ⵜⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉ [[ⴰⵍⵉⴽⵙⵉⵙ ⴱⵓⴼⴰⵔⴷ]] ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴰⴹⵓⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1845, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ [[ⵓⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ]] ⴰⵙⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔⵓⵙⵙⵉⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kollerstrom |first1=Nick |title=The Discovery of Neptune |url=http://www.dioi.org/vols/w0.pdf |date=2001}}</ref> ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵉ [[ⵊⵓⵏ ⴽⵓⵜⵛ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ]] ⵜⵉⵙⵉⴹⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏ.
ⴳ 23 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1846, ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⵜⵉⴹⴽⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⵉ ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵏⵉ [[ⵢⵓⵀⴰⵏ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⵙⴰⴹⴰⴼ|ⵓⵙⴰⴹⴰⴼ]] ⵏ [[ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ]]. ⴳ ⵢⵉⴹ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵉⵥⵕⴰ [[ⴳⴰⵍⵉ]] ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ [[ⵀⴰⵢⵏⵔⵉ ⴷⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ]] ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴹⴽⴹ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ, ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵢⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵉ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⴰⴷⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ]]. ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ, ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴳⵔ [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]] ⵖⴼ ⵎⴰⵏⵡⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴹⴽⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵉⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ (ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ, ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ, ⴷ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ) ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⴰⴷ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mathematical discovery of planets |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Neptune_and_Pluto/ |website=MacTutor History of Mathematics archive}}</ref>
=== ⵉⵙⵎ ===
ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ" ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⴳ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ ⴳⴰⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵊⴰⵏⵓⵙ". ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔ [[ⵜⵛⴰⵍⵉⵙ]] ⵉⵙⵎ "ⵓⵇⵢⴰⵏⵓⵙ". ⵜⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵍⵓ ⴼⵉⵔⵢⵉ ⵏⵉⵜ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ" ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴳⵍⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵎⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵔⵓⴼⵜ]]. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴷⴳⴳⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hind |first=J. R. |year=1847 |title=Second report of proceedings in the Cambridge Observatory relating to the new Planet (Neptune) |publisher=The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science |series=3 |volume=30 |page=197}}</ref>
== ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵖⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ==
ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ 1.024 × 10²⁶ ⴽⴳ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⴳⵔ [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ|ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ]] ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵣ|ⵓⴳⴰⵣ]]. ⵜⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ 17 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ 1/19 ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏ [[ⴰⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ|ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ]]. [[ⴰⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ]] ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ "ⵉⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ|ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Planetary Physical Parameters |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?planet_phys_par |website=JPL Solar System Dynamics}}</ref>
=== ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ===
ⵜⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⵥⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵏ [[ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ]]. ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 5% ⴰⵔ 10% ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⴳⵔ ⵏ 10% ⴰⵔ 20% ⵏ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴱⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵔⴰⵔ, ⵉⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ]], [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ|ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ]]. ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ 10 ⴰⵔ 15 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵉⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⴰⵎⵓⵏⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ. ⵉⴽⵕⵥ ⵡⵓⴷⵓⵣ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 7000 ⴽ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵏⴱⴹⵓ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵜ|ⵜⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ|ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ]] ⵉⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢⵏ [[ⴰⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵙⴳ [[ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ|ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ]], [[ⵏⵏⵉⴽⵍ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⴰⵜ|ⵉⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⴰⵜⵏ]], ⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ 1.2 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hubbard |first=W. B. |year=1997 |title=Neptune's Deep Chemistry |journal=Science |volume=275 |issue=5304 |pages=1279–1280 |doi=10.1126/science.275.5304.1279 |bibcode=1997Sci...275.1279H |pmid=9064753}}</ref>
=== ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ===
ⵜⵥⵍⵉ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵉⵏⴰⵎⵉⴽⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵉⵏ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⴰⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵎⵏ [[ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ]] ⵜⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ]]. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵉⵟⴰⵏ, ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ. ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Irwin |first1=P. G. J. |last2=Teanby |first2=N. A. |last3=Davis |first3=G. R. |year=2007 |title=Revisiting the Winds of Neptune |journal=Icarus |volume=192 |issue=2 |pages=548–561 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.027 |bibcode=2007Icar..192..548I}}</ref>
ⵙⵙⵓⴳⴳⵯⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴷⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ]], ⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⴽⴽⵎⵏ ⴰⵔ 2,100 ⴽⵎ/ⵙⴳ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1989, ⵜⵓⴼⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ [[ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2]] "ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⵙ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ", ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵉⵡⵛⵜ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ, ⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵜⵍ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ [[ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ|ⵓⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ]] [[ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⴰⵏ]] [[ⵀⴰⴱⵍ]] ⴳ 1994. ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜⵙ, ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⴳⵏ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hammel |first=H. B. |year=1995 |title=Hubble Space Telescope imaging of Neptune's cloud structure in 1994 |journal=Science |volume=268 |issue=5218 |pages=1740–1742 |doi=10.1126/science.268.5218.1740 |bibcode=1995Sci...268.1740H |pmid=17834491}}</ref>
== ⴰⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ==
ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 30.1 ⵏ ⵜⵢⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏⵜ (''''AU'''), ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ 30 ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓ ⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵎⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵉⴷⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ 164.8 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ. ⴳ 11 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2011, ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ 1846. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴳ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ 16 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵣⵍⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ 28.32 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ, ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ (23°) ⴷ ⵎⴰⵕⵚ (25°), ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵎⴽⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⴽⵓ ⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neptune's Orbit and Rotation |url=https://www.universetoday.com/21633/neptunes-orbit/ |website=Universe Today}}</ref>
== ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ==
ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ 14 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ [[ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ]], ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ [[ⵡⵉⵍⵢⴰⵎ ⵍⴰⵙⵉⵍ]] ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵖⴰⵙ 17 ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵖⵓⵍ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵓⵔ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⴳⵣⵣⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵎⴰⵥ ⴳ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agnor |first1=C. B. |last2=Hamilton |first2=D. P. |title=Neptune's capture of its moon Triton in a binary-planet gravitational encounter |journal=Nature |date=May 2006 |volume=441 |issue=7090 |pages=192–194 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04792 |doi=10.1038/nature04792 |pmid=16688172 |bibcode=2006Natur.441..192A}}</ref>
ⵉⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵍⴽⴽⵎ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ -235 °C. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵚⵎⴹⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴽⵕⵥⵏ, ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵔⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ. ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ [[ⵏⵉⵔⵉⴷ]], ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵍⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵢⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ. ⵉⵎⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵏⵖ ⵙ [[ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ|ⵉⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱⵏ]] ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Triton |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/neptune-moons/triton/in-depth/ |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref>
== ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ==
ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴷⴽⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵖⴷⴰⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴹⵕⵓⵕ. ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵡⵉⵀⴰⴹ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ. ⴰⵣⴱⴳ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ, ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵣ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⴳⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵓⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ "ⵉⵣⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ": ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ, ⵉⵙⴽⵉⵍ, ⵜⴰⵡⵎⴰⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⴱⵖⵙⵜ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⴳⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴳⴰⵍⴰⵜⵢⴰ]]. <ref>{{cite journal |last=Salo |first=H. |year=1995 |title=Neptune's ring arcs: V-shaped wakes of Corotating Moonlets |journal=Nature |volume=374 |issue=6518 |pages=143–145 |doi=10.1038/374143a0 |bibcode=1995Natur.374..143S}}</ref>
== ⵉⵏⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ==
ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⵣⴼⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⴰⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵛⴽⴰ ⴷ ⴳ 25 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1989. ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⵔⵣⴼ, ⵜⵖⵜⵙ ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⵍ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ. ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵊⴷⵉ ⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ, ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⴱⵀⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Voyager 2's Grand Tour |url=https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/grand-tour/ |website=NASA JPL}}</ref>
ⵜⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴼⵡⴰⵢⴰⵊⵔ 2 ⵉⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵏⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵜⵙⵖⵍ ⵉⵣⴱⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⴽⵜⵏ, ⵜⴼⴽ ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵉ ⵓⵣⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜ. ⵜⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ. ⵉⵎⵍ ⵓⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ⵉⵏⵖⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵡⵉⵕⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴰⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵔⵖⴰⵏ. ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵍⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "[[ⵓⴷⵉⵙⵉ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]", ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵉⴳⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵓ ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵉⵜⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abramov |first1=O. |last2=Baines |first2=K.H. |title=Neptune Odyssey: A Flagship-Class Mission to the Neptune-Triton System |url=https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EPSC2020/EPSC2020-101.html |date=September 2020 |website=EPSC Abstracts Vol. 14}}</ref>
== ⴰⵙⵏⴰⵖⵙ ==
ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵙ [[ⵜⵉⵟⵟ]] ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔⵜ. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ +7.7 ⴷ +8.0, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵍⵉⵍⵉⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵏⴱⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴷ. ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵕⴰ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵜⵉⵍⵉⵙⴽⵓⴱ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⴳⴳⵯ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵇⵉⴼⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ.<ref>{{cite web |title=Observing Neptune |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/observing/how-to-see-neptune-in-2023/ |website=Sky & Telescope}}</ref>
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ | ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ (ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ) |ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ |ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴼⵓⴽⴰⵏ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳⵏ |ⵉⵖⵣⵡⵔ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Dülmen, Hausdülmen, Felder am Mühlenweg -- 2025 -- 0117.jpg|500px|ⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵀⴰⵡⵙⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ "ⵎⵓⵍⵏⵡⵉⴳ"]]
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<center>ⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵀⴰⵡⵙⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ "ⵎⵓⵍⵏⵡⵉⴳ"<center>
<div class="main-footer">ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ [[commons:Category:Tamazight|ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏⵥ]]</div>
{{ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ|ⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ]] '''.''' [[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ/ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ|ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ]]}}
p6fgr49xd88gce31ezkleahszu54wal
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ/6
4
5819
175571
171038
2026-04-06T13:16:04Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
10568
175571
wikitext
text/x-wiki
[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Bucharest University Square (cropped).jpg|Frameless|250px|right]]
'''[[ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ]]''' (ⵙ ⵜⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ: România) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]]. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵍⵇⴰⵏⵜ [en], ⵖⴼ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵉⵣⴷⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⴷⴰⵏⵓⴱ]]. ⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⴽⴰⵔⴱⴰⵜⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ. ⵜⵍⴰ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⵓ ⵖⴼ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ. ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵉⵍⵜⴰ ⵏ ⴷⴰⵏⵓⴱ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ. ⵜⵙⵙⴰⵔ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵉⵡⵓⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵀⵓⵏⴳⴰⵔⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵚⵉⵔⴱⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ, ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⴽⵔⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵏ, ⴰⴽⴷ ⵜⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴷⵓⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴽⵎⵓⵔⵏ, ⴰⴽⴷ [[ⴱⵍⵖⴰⵔⵢⴰ]] ⴳ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ.
ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⵣⴳⵏ-ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⴰ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵎⵓⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴷⵓⴼⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⴽⵢⴰ ⴳ 1859. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵉⵔⵍⵉⵏ 1878. ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ, ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ (ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴷⵓⴼⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ) ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⵉⵜ. ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⴷⴷⵔⴼⵉ ⵣⴳ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⵊⵎⴰⵡ, ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴹⵓⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⴼⴰⴼ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⴳ 1989. ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 21, ⵜⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴰⵎ ⵓⵙⵏⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵔⴰⵟ, ⴰⵣⵣⵔⴰⵢ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵎⵏ ⵉⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ. ⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴽⵛⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏ ⴳ 1 ⵢⴰⵏⴰⵢⵔ, 2007.
ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵜⵥⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ (ⵙ 19 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ) ⴳⵔ ⵉⵡⵓⵏⴰⴽ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰⵏ. ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵅⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ (ⵙ ⵜⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ: București) ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ, ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⵓⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ 1.6 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ. ⵜⵓⴷⴼ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵖⵔ ⵏⴰⵟⵓ ⴷⴳ 29 ⵎⴰⵔⵙ, 2004.
{{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ/6|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]] '''.''' [[ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵢⴰ|ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ]]}}
ffktk7lmzxz2voek37zydflit5ae9hh
ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ
0
19420
175576
154022
2026-04-07T07:29:10Z
Kwamikagami
158
175576
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⵡⵔⵉⴽ|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ=[[File:Pluto in True Color - High-Res.jpg|thumb|'''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ'''|400px]]|ⵉⵙⵎ=ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ}}
'''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' (ⴰⵣⴰⵎⵓⵍ: [[File:Pluto symbol (large orb, fixed width).svg|16px|⯓]], [[File:Pluto monogram (fixed width).svg|16px|♇]]) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵢⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵖⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⵥⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵏⵓⵏⴹⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵉ [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵥⵉⵢ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵔⵉⵙ. ⴰⵎ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵓⴳⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵢⴱⵔ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵙⴳ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵏ. ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⵓⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ ⵙⴳ 30 ⴰⵔ 49 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ (4.4 - 4.7 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵍⵎ) ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ 5.5 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵖⵔ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ<ref>https://arabic.rt.com/space/1619372-%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%87-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%84/</ref>.
ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵣ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵜⴳⴰ 0.658 ⵎ/ⵜⵙ². ⵎⴽ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵣⵏ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ 700 ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ, ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵖⵔ 40 ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ. ⵉⵎⵥⵉⵢ ⵓⵎⴽⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⴽ.
ⴰⵔⵖⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ -234 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵡⵉⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵥⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ.
==ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ==
* ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⵉⵏⴰⵃⵢⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ:
[[File:Plutoorbit1.5sideview.gif|thumb|ⴰⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ|200px]]
==ⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ==
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ: ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ 39.5 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ, ⵏⵖ ⵣⵉⴽ 5.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵢ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵣⴳ 30 ⴰⵔ 49 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ (4.4 - 7.4 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ).
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵅⴼ '''ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ''': ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵙⵏ. ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵣⵉⴽ 5.8 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⴷⵓ ⵙⴳ 4.3 ⴰⵔ 7.5 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ.
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵅⴼ '''[[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]''': ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵇ ⵏⵙⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ 2.5 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ.
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ:
*'''ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵔⵢ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 5.7 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⴼⵉⵏⵓⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 5.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵎⴰⵔⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵊⵓⴱⵉⵜⵉⵔ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵙⴰⵜⵓⵔⵏ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 2.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ-ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵉⵏⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ.
==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ==
* [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ]]
* [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⵡⵔⵉⴽ|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ=[[File:Pluto in True Color - High-Res.jpg|thumb|'''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ'''|400px]]|ⵉⵙⵎ=ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ}}
'''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' (ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ: [[File:Pluto symbol (large orb, fixed width).svg|16px|⯓]], [[File:Pluto monogram (fixed width).svg|16px|♇]]) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵢⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵖⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⵥⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵏⵓⵏⴹⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵉ [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]], ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵎⵥⵉⵢ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵔⵉⵙ. ⴰⵎ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵓⴳⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴽⴰⵢⴱⵔ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵙⴳ ⵓⴳⵔⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴰⵏ. ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴽⴽⵓⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ.
ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵢ, ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ ⵙⴳ 30 ⴰⵔ 49 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ (4.4 - 4.7 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵍⵎ) ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ. ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ 5.5 ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴹ ⵖⵔ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ<ref>https://arabic.rt.com/space/1619372-%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88-%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A8-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%87-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%84/</ref>.
ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵣ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵜⴳⴰ 0.658 ⵎ/ⵜⵙ². ⵎⴽ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵣⵏ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ 700 ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ, ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵖⵔ 40 ⵏⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ. ⵉⵎⵥⵉⵢ ⵓⵎⴽⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵢⵢⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⴽ.
ⴰⵔⵖⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ -234 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵡⵉⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵓⵥⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵜⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵉⵜⵔⵓⵊⵉⵏ.
==ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ==
* ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⵉⵏⴰⵃⵢⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ:
[[File:Plutoorbit1.5sideview.gif|thumb|ⴰⵣⴰⵣⵓ ⵏ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ|200px]]
==ⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ==
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ '''ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ''' ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ: ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ 39.5 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ, ⵏⵖ ⵣⵉⴽ 5.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵢ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵣⴳ 30 ⴰⵔ 49 ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⴰⵡⵜ (4.4 - 7.4 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ).
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵅⴼ '''ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ''': ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵙⵏ. ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵣⵉⴽ 5.8 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏⴷⵓ ⵙⴳ 4.3 ⴰⵔ 7.5 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ.
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵅⴼ '''[[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]''': ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⴷ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ. ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴱⵍⵓⵜⵓ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ, ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵇ ⵏⵙⵏ ⵣⵉⴽ 2.5 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ.
ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ:
*'''ⵎⵉⵔⴽⵓⵔⵢ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 5.7 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⴼⵉⵏⵓⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 5.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵎⴰⵔⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵊⵓⴱⵉⵜⵉⵔ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵙⴰⵜⵓⵔⵏ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 4.3 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
* '''ⵓⵔⴰⵏⵓⵙ''': ⵣⵉⴽ 2.9 ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵉⵍⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ
ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵜⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ-ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⵜⴰⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵉⵏⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ.
==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ==
* [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ]]
* [[ⵏⵉⴱⵜⵓⵏ]]
==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 4bcb89d69d36c56818ae7242857f95de
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ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ Civvì ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Smatteo499]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 4bcb89d69d36c56818ae7242857f95de]] ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Smatteo499|Smatteo499]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 4bcb89d69d36c56818ae7242857f95de|Renamed user 4bcb89d69d36c56818ae7242857f95de]]"
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==ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ ==
{{ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ}}
--[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|Amazigh Bot]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 07:04, 27 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2025 (+00)
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Changed redirect target from [[ⴰⴽⴰⵍ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)]] to [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]]
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#REDIRECT [[ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ]]
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ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 300365a43c89298cc0927b406579c709
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ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ AccountVanishRequests ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Ungernkhan12370]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 300365a43c89298cc0927b406579c709]] ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Ungernkhan12370|Ungernkhan12370]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 300365a43c89298cc0927b406579c709|Renamed user 300365a43c89298cc0927b406579c709]]"
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==ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ ==
{{ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ}}
--[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|Amazigh Bot]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 08:10, 4 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2026 (+01)
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ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴷ
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* ... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 2017, ⵜⵜⵢⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⴳⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⴳⵔⵉ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⴳⵔⵉ]] (Homo sapiens) ⴳ ⵓⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ [[ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⵓⴷ|ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⵓⴷ]] (ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵥⵏ ⵉ [[ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⵢⴰ]] ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]]), ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵖⵔ 300 ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ?[[file:Jebel Irhoud 1. Homo Sapiens.jpg|frameless|150px|right]]
* ...ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ [[ⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ]] ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⵏⴷⵍⴰⵙ (ⵙ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ الاندلس)?
* ...ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ [[ⵉⵏⴷⵍⴰⵙ]] ⵉⴳⴰ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ|ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ [[ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴱⵏ ⴱⵍⵇⵉⵏ ⴰⵥⵏⴰⴳ]]?
*... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⴼⵢⴰⵜⵉⵜ [[ⴼⴰⵍⵏⵜⵉⵏⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⵛⴽⵓⴼⴰ]] ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ]]?
*... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⴽⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ|ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ]], ⵢⴰⵜ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ|ⵜⵙⵏⴳⴰⵎⴰ]] ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1903 ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ|ⵜⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ]] ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1911?
*... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⴳⵯⴱⴱⴰⵢ ⴰⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏ|ⵉⴳⵯⴱⴱⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵉⴱⵔⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⵡ|ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⵡⵏ]]?
*... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴰⵕⴰⵡⵉⵢⵢⵉⵏ]] ⵓⵔ ⵜⴳⵉ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵍⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ "ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰⵏⵜ" (ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⴰⵏ) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵙⵉ/ⵉⵎⵎⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ, ⵉⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵎ [[ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ?
*... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ [[ⵡⴰⵔⵣⴰⵣⴰⵜ]] ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵏⵓⴱⵓⴳ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⵍⴼⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴹⵓⵍⴰⵚ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ Gladiator ⴷ Kingdom of Heaven, ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ "ⵜⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⴰⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵢ" ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ?
{{ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴷ|ⵔⵏⵓ ⵓⵎⵍⵉ]] '''.''' [[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴷ/ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ|ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ]]}}
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ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 4a50a9a315e66ee7097554e42b6b6997
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ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ Neriah ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:홍 황제]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Renamed user 4a50a9a315e66ee7097554e42b6b6997]] ⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵍ redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/홍 황제|홍 황제]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 4a50a9a315e66ee7097554e42b6b6997|Renamed user 4a50a9a315e66ee7097554e42b6b6997]]"
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==ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ ==
{{ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ}}
--[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|Amazigh Bot]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 07:16, 7 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 2026 (+00)
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ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ/ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ
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/* ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ */
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__NOTOC__
{| role=presentation style="clear:both; background:white;color: inherit;" class="skin-nightmode-reset-color"
|-
| width="60%" style="padding:1em; border:1px solid #A3B1BF;color: inherit; background-color:#E6F2FF" class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" valign="top"|
<span style="font-size:16pt">ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ</span>
[[File:Cscr-featured.png<!--Please do NOT replace this icon with the SVG version, which the wiki software converts to a PNG of inferior quality.-->|left|50px|ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ.]]
ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ. [[Wikipedia:Featured picture criteria|ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ]] ⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ [[free content|ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉⵜ]] ⵏⵖ ⴳ [[public domain|ⵜⵓⵡⴹⴼⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ]], ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵜ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵔⵏⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⵖⵉ '''<onlyinclude>{{PAGESINCATEGORY:ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ}}</onlyinclude>''' ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏⵜ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ. ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ [[:ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ|ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ]].
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<div style="font-size:14pt;text-align:center">ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵜⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ{{anchor|Directory}}</div>{{flatlist|style=font-size:85%;text-align:center}}
* [[#ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ|ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ, ⴰⵙⵓⵔⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ|ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ, ⴰⵙⵓⵔⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ]]
* [[#ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ|ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴰⵖⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵕⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴰⵖⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵕⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⵜⴰⵏⵣⴳⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ|ⵜⴰⵏⵣⴳⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ]]
* [[#ⵉⵙⴰⴷⵓⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵡⵉⵏ|ⵉⵙⴰⴷⵓⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵡⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⵉⴳⵯⵔⵙⵍⵏ|ⵉⴳⵯⵔⵙⵍⵏ]]
* [[#ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ|ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ]]
* [[#ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ|ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ|ⵜⵉⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ]]
* [[#ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ|ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ]]
* [[#ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵢⵏ|ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵢⵏ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ|ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ]]
* [[#ⵓⵏⵓⵖⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ|ⵓⵏⵓⵖⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ]]
* [[#ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴰⴹⵏ|ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴰⴹⵏ]]
|-
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=== ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Animals -->[[File:Bengal Bushlark in Baruipur October 2025 by Tisha Mukherjee 01.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:063 Northern Emerald-toucanet in Los Quetzales National Park Photo by Giles Laurent.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Anthocharis cardamines female MichaD.jpg|150px|[[ⴰⴼⵕⵟⴻⵟⵟⵓ ⴰⵍⵉⵜⵛⵉⵏⵉ]].]]
|[[File:Magpie Goose - East Point.jpg|150px|ⴰⵡⵣⵣⵉⵡ ⵏ ⵎⴰⴳⴱⴰⵢ]]
|[[File:Pez halcón moteado (Cirrhitichthys aprinus), Anilao, Filipinas, 2023-08-23, DD 186.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Animals -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Artwork -->[[File:The Goddess Bhairavi Devi with Shiva MET DP257990.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Andrey Rublev - Св. Троица - Google Art Project.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Van Gogh - Starry Night - Google Art Project.jpg|150px|«ⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ» ⵏ ⴼⴰⵏ ⵅⵓⵅ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⵓⵖ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1889, ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⴷⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⴹⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴹⵏⴳⵔⵔⴰⵡⵜ]].]]
|[[File:Vincent van Gogh - De slaapkamer - Google Art Project.jpg|150px|ⵜⴰⴼⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ "ⵜⴰⵏⴹⵓⵚⵜ ⴷⴳ ⴰⵔⵍ" ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ [[ⴼⵉⵏⵙⵉⵏⵜ ⴼⴰⵏ ⴽⵓⵅ]]]]
|[[File:Saint Joseph stained glass window in the Saint Antony church in St. Ulrich in Gröden.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Klee - Sumpflegende PA291156.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Artwork -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ, ⴰⵙⵓⵔⴰⵔ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Culture, entertainment, and lifestyle -->[[File:Dr Williams' 'Pink Pills', London, England, 1850-1920 Wellcome A627306.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Animal Crackers (1930).webm|150px]]
|[[File:All Quiet on the Western Front (1930, sound version).webm|150px]]<!-- end of Culture, entertainment, and lifestyle -->
|-
|}
=== ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Currency -->[[File:1907 Ultra High Relief $20 Double Eagle (Inverted Edge Letters).jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Coin of Nader Shah, minted in Daghestan (Dagestan).jpg|150px]]
|[[File:US-00010-One Cent (1974) Aluminum.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Currency -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵡⵏⴰⵖⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵜⴽⴰⵕⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Diagrams, drawings, and maps -->[[File:PEF Survey of Western Palestine composite.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Atlas Van der Hagen-KW1049B12 087-INSULARUM MELITAE Vulgo MALTAE et GOZAE.jpeg|150px]]
|[[File:De oprichting van de obelisk op het St. Pietersplein, RP-P-OB-207.655.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Diagrams, drawings, and maps -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⴰⵏⵣⴳⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵉⴽⵏⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Engineering and technology -->[[File:Japan Airlines 777 Engine Failure on Departure (2 of 2) (51599589068).jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Magura Julie disk brake rotor 160 mm.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Nintendo-DSi-Bl-Open.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Engineering and technology -->
|-
|}
=== ⵉⵙⴰⴷⵓⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵡⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Food and drink -->[[File:Foodiesfeed.com pouring-honey-on-pancakes-with-walnuts.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Gurabija (гурабија,Qurabiya; Cuisine of Serbia).jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Einmannpackung Typ1 Inhaltsübersicht.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Food and drink -->
|-
|}
=== ⵉⴳⵯⵔⵙⵍⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Fungi -->[[File:Lactarius resimus Груздь настоящий.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Striegeliger Schichtpilz-Stereum hirsutum-20191216-RM-150832.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Comatricha nigra 176600092.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Fungi -->
|-
|}
=== ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of History -->[[File:2026 Federal Agents in Minneapolis, Minnesota after Portland Avenue and 34th Street shooting in January.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Gee!! I wish I were a man, I'd join the Navy Be a man and do it - United States Navy recruiting station - - Howard Chandler Christy 1917. LCCN2002712088.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Pedro Bruno - A Pátria.jpg|150px|ⴱⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⴱⵔⵓⵏⵓ - ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ]]<!-- end of History -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Natural phenomena -->[[File:Gigantic jet NOIRLab.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Walaka, Rosa, Sergio, Leslie and Kong-rey 2018-10-02.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Yellowstone National Park (WY, USA), Old Faithful Geyser -- 2022 -- 2599.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Natural phenomena -->
|-
|}
=== ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of People -->[[File:Adam Savage 416506 by Christopher Michel 1172025 02.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Buddy Holly Brunswick Records.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Mike Cruise.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of People -->
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵜⵉⵇⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Photographic techniques, terms, and equipment -->[[File:First camera phone picture.gif|150px]]
|[[File:NBSFirstScanImageRestored.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Self portrait (8618889472).jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Photographic techniques, terms, and equipment -->
|}
=== ⵉⴷⵖⴰⵔⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Places -->[[File:Village martyr d'Oradour-sur-Glane 10.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Burning Eternal Flame Falls Chestnut Ridge Park NY 2025-09.webm|150px]]
|[[File:SW Hullathy Gram Panchayat Villages Nilgiris Nov24 A7CR 05293.jpg|150px|ⵉⵙⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵜⵉ]], ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵉⵍⴳⵉⵔⵉⵙ]]
|[[File:Stockholms stadshus February 2026 02.jpg|150px|ⵜⵓⵥⴽⴰ ⵏ ⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵙⵜⵓⴽⵀⵓⵍⵎ]], ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⵎⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⵔⵙⵏ.]]
|[[File:Spb 06-2012 Chesme Church.jpg|150px|ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵍⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵉⵣⵎⵉ.]]
|[[File:Кызылкуп на рассвете.jpg|150px|ⵇⵉⵣⵉⵍⴽⵓⴱ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ.]]
|-valign="top"Dülmen, Hausdülmen, Felder am Mühlenweg -- 2025 -- 0117.jpg
|[[File:Dunes, Désert du Thar.jpg|150px|ⵜⵉⴳⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵍ, [[ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔ]].]]
|[[File:Dülmen, Hausdülmen, Felder am Mühlenweg -- 2025 -- 0117.jpg|150px|ⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵀⴰⵡⵙⴷⵓⵍⵎⵏ, ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴳ "ⵎⵓⵍⵏⵡⵉⴳ"]]
|[[File:Hassan Tower, Rabat, Marocco (صومعة حسان ).jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Places -->
|}
=== ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵢⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Plants -->[[File:Mandarins - whole and halved.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:055 Pink Ipê tree in Mato Grosso Photo by Giles Laurent.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Achacha fruits and seed.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Plants -->
|-
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Sciences -->[[File:Gypse Caresse.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Porto Covo Outubro 2014-3.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Cytoplasmic streaming.webm|150px]]<!-- end of Sciences -->
|-
|}
=== ⴰⵙⴰⵢⵔⴰⵔ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Space -->[[File:At Sardinia 2025 010 - Sardinia Radio Telescope.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Trifid and Lagoon nebulae.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Venus globe.jpg|150px|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ|ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ]] (Vénus) ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵣⵉ 180 ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⵡⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵖ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵄⴱⵉⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵕⴰⴹⴰⵕ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵛⵏⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵉⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴷⴰⵣ ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵢⵔⵓⵔ ⵎⴰⵊⵉⵍⴰⵏ. ⵜⵜⵓⴽⵜⴰⵔⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⴳⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴱⵢⵓⵏⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵏ, ⵏⵖ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵣⴳⴰⵏ. ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴳⴰ ⵓⵙⵔⵡⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴽⵍⵓⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴷⴰⵣⵏ ⴼⵉⵏⵉⵔⴰ 13 ⴷ 14.]]
|[[File:VST images the Lagoon Nebula.jpg|150px|ⵉⵡⵉⵥ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵎⴰⵎ]]
|[[File:Olympic Peninsula with Puget Sound by Sentinel-2, 2018-09-28 (small version).jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Space -->
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Vehicles -->[[File:USS Zumwalt (DDG 1000).jpg|150px]]
|[[File:SS Sankt Erik icebreaker museum ship Stockholm 2016 02.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Uss iowa bb-61 pr.jpg|150px|ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵔⴰⴱⵓ ⵏ USS Iowa (BB-61) ⴳ ⵉⵙⵓⵏⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵉⴽⵓⵙ|ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵉⴽⵓⵙ]].]]
|[[File:Shikara - Sukhna Lake - Chandigarh 2016-08-07 (edit).jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Vehicles -->
|}
<div style=margin-left:1.6em>» subpages: [[Wikipedia:Featured pictures/Vehicles/Air|air]], [[Wikipedia:Featured pictures/Vehicles/Land|land]], [[Wikipedia:Featured pictures/Vehicles/Water|water]]</div>
=== ⵓⵏⵓⵖⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Other lifeforms -->[[File:Деления инфузорий Colpidium.webm|150px]]
|[[File:Pinnularia major.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:The ciliate Frontonia sp.jpg|150px]]<!-- end of Other lifeforms -->
|}
=== ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴰⴹⵏ===
{| role=presentation style="background-color:transparent;margin-left:1.6em"
|-valign="top"
|<!-- start of Other -->[[File:Ebola Virus - Electron Micrograph.tiff|150px]]
|[[File:Train station with train and coal depot by Gustave Le Gray1.jpg|150px]]
|[[File:Shishkin, Ivan - Morning in a Pine Forest.jpg|150px|ⵉⴼⴰⵏ ⵛⵉⵛⴽⵉⵏ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⴷⴰ]]
|[[File:Plasma globe 23s.webm|150px]]<!-- end of Other -->
|-
|}
|}<noinclude>
<!--ⵉⵙⵉⵙⵎⵉⵍⵏ-->
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ}}
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