Wikipedia zuwiki https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhasi_Elikhulu MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2172 122501 122462 2026-04-20T15:46:19Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Amagama esiZulu ahlobene nentaba */ 122501 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Matterhorn Riffelsee 2005-06-11.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Intaba]] '''Intaba''' iyingxenye yobuso bomzulane ephakeme kakhulu, ngokuvamile inamacala ayimimango agangalaze izindonga namadwala. Intaba ivame ukuhlukaniswa kunegquma, futhi ithathwa njengenesiqongo esiphakeme kunesegquma. Impakamo eyamukelwe yileyo yamamitha angama-300 ngaphezu kwendawo ezungezile, namamitha angama-610 ngaphezu kwenzalasha yolwandle. Izintaba zingaba nesiqongo noma zibe nocengece oluncane nempakama ephezulu nemimango emaceleni. Zimbalwa ezineziqongo eziqhingiwe, iningi lazo zitholakala ezintabeni eziwundi. Izintaba zakhiwa ngeziphoqi zokuzabazaba, ukuguguleka kwemvuthuluka noma ukuqhuma kwezintabamlilo, futhi kuphela iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuthi intaba ibe khona. Lapho ukwakheka kwentaba kupheza, izintaba zizoqala ukubhekana nomdludlungu wokuzulenza olusilili, ngokukhininindeleka nezinye izinhlobo zokudleka kwazo, kanye nokugugulwa imifula nangamaqeqeba. Izimpakama eziphezulu zezintaba zibanga isimo sezulu samakhaza ukwedlula izindawo ezikunzalasha yolwandle. Lezi zimo zezulu zikhinyabeza impilandawonye yezintaba: ehlanganisa izitshalo nezilwane ezihlukile kuye ngokuphakama kwentaba. Izintaba okunzima ukuba kumile bona kuhlale izilwane kuzo, zisetshenziselwa ukuvukuza izimbiwa noma zisetshenziselwe ezokuzilibazisa njengokuqwala intaba, Uma ineqhwa ukushesheleza phezu kwalo. Intaba ephakeme kunezinye eMhlabeni ibizwa ngentaba i-Everest, e-Ashiya, futhi iphakeme ngamamitha ayizi-8,850 phezu kwenzalasha yolwandle. ==uMlando== Ngokuya ngosolwazi noma ososayenzi bemvelo bathi izintaba zadalwa yizintabamlilo ezenzeka uma kuqubuka okusatshe noma okusamdoko kuphuma emathunjini omhlaba kuphumele ngaphandle, bese ngemva kokuthi kome kuphenduke inhlabathi namatshe. Ngokwenkolo intaba yadalwa nguNkulunkulu, lapho uMvelinqangi ahlala khona, axhumana khona nomuntu. Kungakho intaba kuyinto eligugu kubantu abamnyama. Intaba ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu ngoba uma uphezu kwentaba uyakwazi ukubona yonke into ephansi, kanti emandulo intaba yayisetshenziselwa ukuqapha izitha ezingase zihlasele isizwe. Yingakho izinhloli zazihlala entabeni ukuqapha noma ukuvikela isizwe. Izintaba kunezintaba ezingamagugu, esizweni samaZulu, njengentaba yaseSandlwana, eMajuba eKhongela,izintaba zoKhahlamba. Ziningi izimpi ezaliwa lapho, angeke uwuqede umlando wamaZulu uma ungakhulumanga ngezintaba. Ngisho nasebhayibhelini ikhona intaba eyayibizwa ngkuthi yintaba yaseSinayi lapho uMoses ahlangana khona noNkulunkulu. U-Abrahama naye wahlangana noThixo entabeni, uma uMoses wasebhayibhelini wayehlangana noNkulunkulu ngasentabeni. Amasonto amaningi athatha intaba njengendawo engcwele, yingakho amasonto amaningi abekwe ezintabeni ezithize. Zikhona nje izintaba ezingamagugu ezizweni eziningi, isibonelo isizwe samaZulu, sinezintaba ezingamagugu njengezintaba Zokhahlamba, iMajuba nezinye izintaba. Kanti nesizwe samaNdebele naso sinazo izintaba ezingamagugu njengoMadlayi (intaba kayikhonjwa),uWuba noMhlopheni,iMkobola nezinye iintaba ezinomlando wesizwe. == Amagama esiZulu ahlobene nentaba == Arête - iBhoshongo Cirque - umQakulo Crevasse - umTshako kuQeqeba Cove - isiGodisi Dirt cone - umGubhuqu Drumlin - isiDundukezo Drumlin field - iLima lesiDundukezo Esker - inJonjela yolunge Fjord - iNgenela elimaqele Fluvial terrace - umKhwelombe wokugudlwa Glacial horn -uPhondo lweQeqeba Glacier - iQeqeba Glacier cave - umGede weQeqeba Glacier foreland - Hanging valley - isiGodi esinyonga Hill - iGquma Kame - isiCakafu Kame delta - iNtathungo yesiCakafu Kettle - iMbaqhwa Monadnock (Inselberg) - iDwala Moraine - iMfukuma Moulin - iPhomela Mountain - inTaba Mountain pass - iNtuba/isiGece Nunatak - iMbulekwana Proglacial lake - iChibilika Outwash fan - iMpephala yomHlangulwa Outwash plain - iThafa lomHlangulwa Pingo - iQhwagquma Rift valley - isiGodi esinyonga Roche moutonnée - umPhece Side valley - isiGodi esingenela Summit - isiQongo Trim line - umuShwi Truncated spur - iNtululombe Tunnel valley - isiGodi esibhalu Valley - isiGodi U-shaped valley - isiGodi esibubene ===Izintaba zakwaZulu=== Isibuyaze Imbubu Umhlumayo Umhlumba Igqokli Umkhambathini Isibubulungu Enhlazuka ILenge EThaleni Isandlwana UDlokwe EQhudeni Injesuthi Ingomankulu Ongoye UKhahlamba IMahwaqa INkumba UNomandafu UBombo Inyoka'hlaza Esphonya Ujantoni Ubhavu UMsikazi iSiphofu UMabhoboza uDlangobe EMadlozi Nolangeni N̈gele Kwansense Kwanogajuka Kwantabani Kumemfu Kwabhecwa pitsholi(mooiriver) Iloyi Umagojela UMkholombe ISimambe Golide Mkobi Zibhiza Sguqa Nowangu Ntsizwa Isicoco Umtheku Izinyambe Inyoni ikhwelenye INgqiya Hlazakazi Silutshane Siphezi iSthundu iNyamazane iSambabe Imbulwane NKANDE Ntababomvu IPASWANA UQWEQWE UMHLUNGWANE UMPHONDI Inyonithwele ==Bheka futhi== *[[w:List of mountains in South Africa|Uhlu lwezintaba eNingizimu Afrika]] <small>''([[IsiNgisi]])''</small> <br> {{stub}} {{Commonscat}} [[Category:Izintaba| ]] cqwd0etqgwmzfcfzzo39cv9pf9y1p1q 0 3768 122504 116535 2026-04-21T02:32:51Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 122504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Bloemfontein | native_name = Mangaung | nickname = The city of roses | image_skyline = BloemfonteinFS.jpg | image_caption = Bloemfontein ibheka nga-Signal Hill | pushpin_map = South Africa | latd=29 |latm=06 |lats= |latNS=S | longd=26 |longm=13 |longs= |longEW=E | coordinates_type = type:city_region:ZA | coordinates_display = | subdivision_type = Isizwe | subdivision_name = [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | subdivision_type1 = Isifunda | subdivision_name1 = [[IFuleyisitata]] | subdivision_type3 = Umasipala | subdivision_name3 = [[Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality|Mangaung]] | established_title = Established | established_date = 1846<ref name=established>{{cite web|title=Chronological order of town establishment in South Africa based on Floyd (1960:20-26)|url=http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212011-123414/unrestricted/05back.pdf|pages=xlv-lii|access-date=2012-04-18|archive-date=2013-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915121246/http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07212011-123414/unrestricted/05back.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | area_footnotes = <ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/499023 |title = Main Place Bloemfontein |work=Census 2011}} </ref> | area_total_km2 = 236.17 | area_metro_km2 = 6283.99 | elevation_m = 1395 | population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | population_total = 256185 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_metro = 747431 | population_density_metro_km2 = auto <!-- demographics (section 1) --> | demographics_type1 = Inani labantu (2011) | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics1_title1 = Black African | demographics1_info1 = 56.1% | demographics1_title2 = [[AmaKhaladi]] | demographics1_info2 = 12.8% | demographics1_title3 = [[Base-Eshiya]] | demographics1_info3 = 0.8% | demographics1_title4 = White | demographics1_info4 = 29.8% <!-- demographics (section 2) --> | demographics_type2 = [[Izilimi zaseNingizimu Afrika|Izilimi]] (2011) | demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="census2011" /> | demographics2_title1 = [[IsiBhunu]] | demographics2_info1 = 42.5% | demographics2_title2 = [[isiSotho]] | demographics2_info2 = 33.4% | demographics2_title3 = [[isiNgisi]] | demographics2_info3 = 7.5% | demographics2_title4 = [[isiXhosa]] | demographics2_info4 = 7.1% | demographics2_title5 = Other | demographics2_info5 = 9.5% <!-- Other information --> | timezone1 = [[South Africa Standard Time|SAST]] | utc_offset1 = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal Code | postal_code = 9300 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = 051 | website = http://mangaung.co.za/ | footnotes = }} '''IBloemfontein''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|b|l|ʊ|m|f|ɒ|n|t|eɪ|n}}, [[IsiBhunu]] "umthombo wezimbali" noma "imiqhakazo") yidolobhakazi eliyisiqongo sesifundazwe se [[iFleyistata|Fuleyisitata]], [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|eNingizimu Afrika]]. [[Image:Bloemfontein, from the South - c1900.JPG|thumb|right|Bloemfontein, circa 1900.]] ==Iphethelo== [[File:Bloemfontein-Eiffel Tower-001.JPG|thumb|Replica Eiffel Tower eduze naBatho]] Heidedal, Bainsvlei, Woodland Hills Wildlife Estate, Bayswater, Brandwag, Ehrlichpark, Fauna, Fichardtpark, Fleurdal, Gardeniapark, Generaal De Wet, Hospitaalpark, Kiepersol, Langenhoven Park, Lourierpark, Park West, Pellissier, Uitsig, Universitas, Westdene, Wilgehof, Willows, Langenhovenpark, Arboretum, Bayswater, Dan Pienaar, Helicon Heights, Heuwelsig, Hillsboro, Hillside, Hilton, Naval Hill, Navalsig, Noordhoek, Pentagon Park, Panorama Park, Waverley, Rocklands, Phahameng, Phelindaba, Bloemanda, Bochabela, Batho. ==Imidlalo== ===Imfundo=== ==Isikole ukuqala== * Bloemfontein Primary School * Grey College Primary School * Laerskool Universitas (Tjokkies)] * Willem Postma Primary School * Laerskool Sentraal Primary * Rutanang Primary School * Brebner Primary School * Fichardt Park Primary School * Jim Fouché Primary School * Gonyane primary * Morafe primary * Legae primary * Rekgonne primary ===Isikole ngokwesibili=== * [http://www.www.sasb.co.za St. Andrew's School, Bloemfontein|St. Andrew's School]{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.greycollege.com Grey College, Bloemfontein|Grey College Secondary School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202012328/http://greycollege.com/ |date=2019-02-02 }} * Eunice High School * [http://www.hsbfn.com Bloemfontein High School] * [http://www.bcvo.co.za/ CVO Skool Dankbaar] in Bain's Vlei is a private [[Calvinist]] school, affiliated with the [[BCVO]] * [http://www.fpark.co.za/ Hoërskool Fichardtpark] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204221411/http://www.fpark.co.za/ |date=2012-02-04 }} in Fichhardtpark * [http://www.htslouisbotha.co.za Technical High School Louis Botha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814202437/http://htslouisbotha.co.za/ |date=2018-08-14 }} * [http://www.jf.co.za/ Hoërskool Jim Fouché] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813222333/http://www.jf.co.za/ |date=2012-08-13 }} * [http://www.sannies.co.za/ Hoërskool Sand du Plessis] * [http://w3.stms.co.za St. Michael's School, Bloemfontein|St. Michael's School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728050257/http://w3.stms.co.za/ |date=2013-07-28 }} * [http://www.sentraal.co.za Hoërskool Sentraal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507144844/https://sentraal.co.za/ |date=2022-05-07 }} * [http://www.oranjemeisies.co.za C&N Sekondêre Meisieskool Oranje] * [http://www.brebnerhigh.co.za Brebner High School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802162442/http://www.brebnerhigh.co.za/ |date=2021-08-02 }} * Tsoseletso High School * Kaelang Secondary School * Heatherdale Secondary School * Atlehang Senior Secondary School ==Ubuciko== [[Image:Bloemfontein02.jpg|thumb|Part of the Sculpture Garden at Oliewenhuis Art Museum]] ===Media=== ===iPhephandaba=== * Die Volksblad * Krant === Imisakazo === * OFM * Lesedi FM * Motheo FM * Med FM * Radio Rosestad * Radio Sonder Grense ==Abantu isihlabani== * [[Allan Donald]], umdlali lekhilikithi yaseNingizimu Afrika * [[Francois Steyn]], umdlali umbhoxo * [[Hansie Cronje]], ukaputeni uganga lekhilikithi * [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] (OBE) uyazalwa eMangaun, 3 ngoJanuwari 1892. UTolkien uduma kwamanoveli ''[[The Hobbit]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. Uneminyaka okuthathu, uTolkien uyahamba esiNgisi. * [[Juan Smith]], umdlali umbhoxo * [[Leon Schuster]], ubanga amafilimu, usomhlaya, umdlali umculo * [[Magna Kruger]] - umbhali * [[Morne van Wyk]] umdlali lekhilikithi * [[Os du Randt]], umdlali umbhoxo * [[Ryk Neethling]], inhlambi * [[Shaun Morgan]], [[Dale Stewart]], umdlali umculo ([[Seether]]) * [[Zola Budd]], umbaleki, uyahamba Sentraal High School * [[Willem Jackson]], umdlali ibhola ([[Bafana Bafana]]) * Cobus Potgieter, umshayi wesigubhu<ref>[http://www.pitchengine.com/smgafrica/cobus-potgieter-youtube-drummer-extraordinaire-so-much-has-changed-so-much-is-the-same/20834/ "Cobus Potgieter, YouTube drummer extraordinaire: So much has changed, so much is the same".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006143644/http://www.pitchengine.com/smgafrica/cobus-potgieter-youtube-drummer-extraordinaire-so-much-has-changed-so-much-is-the-same/20834/ |date=2011-10-06 }} ''SMG Africa''. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 30 March 2010.</ref> * Kareem Salman<ref>{{Cite web |title="Kareem Salman, Humanitarian born in Bloemfontein". |url=http://knowledgewiki.org/article/Bloemfontein?enk=JqEmuSbJhsHGGWYZhhlGmWaxJxkmmSaRJ6nGoSbBZIk= |access-date=2012-02-24 |archive-date=2012-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425132530/http://knowledgewiki.org/article/Bloemfontein?enk=JqEmuSbJhsHGGWYZhhlGmWaxJxkmmSaRJ6nGoSbBZIk= |dead-url=yes }}</ref> * Tony Kgoroge, umlingisi ''[[Hotel Rwanda]]'', ''[[Blood Diamond (film)|Blood Diamond]]'', ''[[Invictus (film)|Invictus]]'', ''[[Lord of War]]'' and ''[[Skin (2009 film)|Skin]]''. * [[Gerrit Badenhorst]], umbaleki * [[Lucas Maree]], Afrikaans umdlali umculo * [[Coenie de Villiers]], Afrikaans umdlali umculo * [[Maretha Maartens]], Afrikaans inhlambi ==Imithombo== {{reflist}} ==Amakhasi ngaphandle== {{Commons|:Category:Bloemfontein|Bloemfontein}} * [http://www.mangaung.com | Ukwasizwa waMangaung] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304232801/http://mangaung.com/ |date=2016-03-04 }} * [http://www.mangaung.info | Ukwasizwa waseMangaung] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625123414/http://mangaung.info/ |date=2021-06-25 }} * [http://www.bloemfontein.co.za | Isizindalwazi woMangaung] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129012934/http://www.bloemfontein.co.za/ |date=2017-11-29 }} * [http://www.bloempages.com | Mangaung Directory, Online Help Desk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804065242/http://bloempages.com/ |date=2021-08-04 }} {{Free State Province}} {{Provincial capitals of South Africa}} {{List of African capitals}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bloemfontein}} [[Category:Amadolobha eRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] [[Category:Izinhlokodolobha zase-Afrika]] avw45d4dgrzn7k2v3oqoy5jf8xji63f 2 9713 122503 117776 2026-04-20T21:51:14Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 122503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item ?from ?to WHERE { ?item p:P39 ?position . ?position ps:P39 wd:Q30277603 OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P580 ?from } OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P582 ?to } } |section= |sort=?from |sort_order=desc |one_row_per_item=no |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,?from:Start date,?to:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q124040168|Nehemiah Modubule]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | | | [[File:Nehemiah Modubule.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q110656156|Belco Samassékou]]'' | | [[IMali]] | 2014-01-01 | 2020-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q93336956|Betty Okagua-Apiafi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2007-01-01 | 2015-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27517197|Su'ad al-Fatih al-Badawi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q124943|umbuso waseGibhithe]]''<br/>''[[:d:Q3087763|Republic of Egypt]]''<br/>[[ISudan]] | 2004-01-01 | 2008-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q21866844|Roger Nkodo Dang]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19559941|Bethel Nnaemeka Amadi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16885575|Ismaël Tidjani Serpos]]'' | | [[IBenini]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16875382|Shirley Itumeleng Tiny Segokgo]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16733428|Letuka Nkole]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16732593|Ngarindo Milengar]]'' | | [[ITshedi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16731171|Jalel Lakadar]]'' | | [[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16727764|Loyce Biira Bwambale]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16474098|Thabang Nyeoe]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16193066|Hasna Mohamed Dato]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16193066|Hasna Mohamed Dato]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | 2004-01-01 | 2009-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q12667216|Ompie Nkumbula-Lieventhal]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8008877|William Shija]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7849929|Tsudao Gurirab]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7799883|Théophile Nata]]'' | | [[IBenini]] | 2004-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7655840|Zwelethu Lukanyiso Madasa]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7650988|Suzanne Vos]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7615016|Steven Malamba]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7564454|Souleiman Miyir Ali]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7558266|Solitoki Esso]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | 2022-03-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7519957|Simon Vuwa Kaunda]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7515068|Isabelle Manamourou Silikam]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7508826|Sidibé Korian Sidibé]]'' | | [[IMali]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7492872|Sheik I. Kamara]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7430888|Schadrack Niyonkuru]]'' | | [[IBhurundi|IBurundi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7428343|Saviour Kasukuwere]]'' | | [[IZimbabwe]] | | | [[File:Saviour Kasukuwere - 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7399554|Sahbi Karoui]]'' | | [[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7365027|Ronald Koone Sebego]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7313777|René Radembino Coniquet]]'' | | [[IGabhoni|IGaboni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7311784|Remidus E. Kissassi]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7282795|Ragab Muftah Abudabus]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7257109|Ptomsoouwé Batchassi]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7193770|Pilar Buepoyo Boseka]]'' | | [[INkabazwe Gini|IGini Enkabazwe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7192146|Pierre Claver Nahimana]]'' | | [[IBhurundi|IBurundi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7155466|Paurina Mpariwa]]'' | | [[IZimbabwe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7145364|Patrica Ndogu]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7116578|Oziel Hlalele Motaung]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7110235|Oubkiri Marc Yao]]'' | | [[IBukhina Faso]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7103884|Orou Gabé Orou Sego]]'' | | [[IBenini]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q7103019|Orlanda Maria Duarte Santos Ferreira]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6958826|Nagia Essayed]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6950074|Mélanie Komzo]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Brazzaville|IRiphabliki weKongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6949725|Mário José Carvalho de Lima]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6936060|Munhawa Sousa Salvador]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | | | |- | [[Mphiwa Dlamini]] | | [[Eswatini|i-Eswatini]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6926281|Moustapha Dicko]]'' | | [[IMali]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6919199|Aïssata Mounkaïla]]'' | | [[INayighe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893473|Mohammed el-Hadhiri]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893276|Mohammed Ragab Ahmad]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893189|Mohammed Lutfi Farhat]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6893178|Mohammed Kumalia]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6891478|Mohamed Salama Badi]]'' | | | | | [[File:Mohamed Salama Badi 2019-01-29.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6891477|Mohamed Salah Zaray]]'' | | [[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6890948|Mohamed Abdoulkader Mohamed]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6873258|Miria Matembe]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | | | [[File:Miria-Matembe.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6847499|Mike Kennedy Sebalu]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6799739|Mbonda Elie]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6799647|Mbaydoum Simeon]]'' | | [[ITshedi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6799571|Joseph Mbah Ndam]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | [[File:Opposition lawmaker Joseph Mbah Ndam on the rostrum, in Yaounde, Cameroon, April 4, 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6787667|Matlapeng Ray Molomo]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6778573|Marwick Khumalo]]'' | | [[Eswatini|i-Eswatini]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6762766|Marie Blandine Sawadogo]]'' | | [[IBukhina Faso]] | 2004-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6762735|Marie Agba-Otikpo]]'' | | [[Central African Republic|i-Central African Republic]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6762725|Marie-ThérèseToyi]]'' | | [[IBhurundi|IBurundi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6760997|Maria Angelina Dique Enoque]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6745570|Mamdouh Hosny Khalil]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6742942|Malebaka Flory Bulane]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6733019|Mahamane Saley]]'' | | [[INayighe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6722501|Verónica Macamo]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | 2004-01-01 | | [[File:President of National Assembly, Veronica Macamo, at Maputo, in Mozambique (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6712755|M. K. Mubanga]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6712685|M. J. Mahlangu]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | | | [[File:Mninwa Johannes Mahlangu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6707636|Lydia Katjita]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6692314|Lovenes Gondwe]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6689635|Loumonvi Fombo]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6689633|Loum N. Neloumsei Elise]]'' | | [[ITshedi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6686903|Louis Chimango]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6514449|Lee Maeba]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6488716|Larba Yarga]]'' | | [[IBukhina Faso]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6400993|Khauhelo Deborah Raditapole]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6386988|Kemoh Sesay]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6372549|Karlous Marx Shinohamba]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6367491|Kara Baya]]'' | | [[I-Aljeriya|IAljiriya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6298027|João Baptista Ferreira Medina]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6293010|José Manuel Gomes Andrade]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6292303|José Gabriel Manteigas]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6276249|Joram Gumbo]]'' | | [[IZimbabwe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6185640|Jerónimo Elavoko Wanga]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6182886|Jerome Chabi Sacca Kina Guézéré]]'' | | [[IBenini]] | 2004-01-01 | 2005-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6169634|Jean-Marie Mokole]]'' | | [[Central African Republic|i-Central African Republic]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6169165|Jean-Claude Siapa Ivouloungou]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Brazzaville|IRiphabliki weKongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6168974|Jean-Baptiste Nouganga]]'' | | [[Central African Republic|i-Central African Republic]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6168959|Jean-Baptiste Manwangari]]'' | | [[IBhurundi|IBurundi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6110703|Jachan Mandir Omach]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6077711|Isabel Nkavadeka]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6019041|Paul Temba Nyathi]]'' | | [[IZimbabwe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q6003530|Imbia Sylvester Itoe]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5997394|Rodwell Munyenyembe]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5984382|Ibra Diouf]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5745625|Heshmat Fahmi]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5680106|Hassoumi Massoudou]]'' | | [[INayighe]] | | | [[File:Hassoumi Massoudou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5645794|Hammi Larouissi]]'' | | [[I-Aljeriya|IAljiriya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5437837|Fatima Hajaig]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5415197|Eva Verona Teixeira Ortet]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5399952|Essomba Tsoungui Elie Victor]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5379334|Enoch Teye Mensah]]'' | | [[IGana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5371550|Emile Diatta]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5364520|Ella Kamanya]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5347539|Efigênia dos Santos Lima Clemente]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5340644|Eduardo Joaquim Mulémbwè]]'' | | [[IMozambiki]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5305823|Draoui Mohamed]]'' | | [[I-Aljeriya|IAljiriya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5290428|Domingos Manuel Njinga]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5227869|Dauda Kamara]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5214947|Danboyi Usman]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | | | [[File:Sen- Saleh Usman Danboyi 2014-03-08 22-17.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5186053|Crispin Shumina]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5082459|Charles Shanyurai Majange]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5073688|Chara Bachir]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5022768|Callista Chimombo]]'' | | [[IMalawi]] | 2004-01-01 | | [[File:Callista Chimombo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4979540|Rosine Soglo]]'' | | [[IBenini]] | | | [[File:Rosine Vieyra Soglo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4949361|Boudina Mostefa]]'' | | [[I-Aljeriya|IAljiriya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4896329|Besnat Jere]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4885218|Ben Amathila]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4841119|Badreddine Missaoui]]'' | | [[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4837318|Baba Jigida]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4821112|Augustin Iyamuremye]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4815692|Athumani Saidi Mwinshehe Janguo]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4803981|Ascofare Oulematou Tamboura]]'' | | [[IMali]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4768083|Anne-Marie Goumba]]'' | | [[Central African Republic|i-Central African Republic]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4760021|André Obami Itou]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Brazzaville|IRiphabliki weKongo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4749653|Améyo Adja]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4739855|Amani W. A. Kabourou]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4739203|Amal Nuri Safar]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4738971|Ama Benyiwa-Doe]]'' | | [[IGana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4695917|Ahmed Mohamed Hassan]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4683147|Adjaratou Abdoulaye]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4670269|Abu Mbawa Kongobah]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665885|Abdulla Edriss Ebrahim]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4665198|Abdu Katuntu]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | | | [[File:Abdul-Katuntu1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4664734|Abdel Ahad Gamal El Din]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3847967|Idriss Ndele Moussa]]'' | | [[ITshedi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3474839|Saida Agrebi]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | | | [[File:Saida Agrebi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3407786|Prosper Higiro]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3326057|Mountaga Tall]]'' | | [[IMali]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3318398|Mohamed Bazoum]]'' | | [[INayighe]] | | | [[File:Mohamed Bazoum at the European Commission - P060245-844068 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3125967|Halifa Sallah]]'' | | [[IGambia]] | | | [[File:Halifa Sallah 2016.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2843389|Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | | | [[File:Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2827005|Agnès Mukabaranga]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]] | | | [[File:Mukabaranga Agnes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2821497|Abel Epalanga Chivukuvuku]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | | | [[File:Abel Chivukuvuku 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2646607|Malik Al-Hassan Yakubu]]'' | | [[IGana]] | | | [[File:2477970261 Gertrude Mongella.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2522820|Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba]]'' | | [[ITogo]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2074457|Peter Daka]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1949199|Moses Muteteka]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1860273|Monir Fakhri Abdelnur]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | | | [[File:Mounir Fakhry Abdel Nour Senate of Poland.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1525179|Kalifa Kambi]]'' | | [[IGambia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1524043|Gilbert Noël Ouédraogo]]'' | | [[IBukhina Faso]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1390067|Fabakary Jatta]]'' | | [[IGambia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1266544|Mamma Kandeh]]'' | | [[IGambia]] | | | [[File:Profil president MAMMA KANDEH.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q967740|Aden Robleh Awaleh]]'' | | [[IJibhuthi|IJibuthi]] | | | [[File:Aden Robleh Awaleh in 2006.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q864065|Bintanding Jarju]]'' | | [[IGambia]] | | | |- | [[Baleka Mbete]] | sombusazwe waseNingizimu Afrika | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | | | [[File:Baleka Mbete.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q781111|Austin Liato]]'' | | [[IZambiya]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q722327|Bénéwendé Stanislas Sankara]]'' | | [[IBukhina Faso]] | | | [[File:Bénéwendé Stanislas Sankara - 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q455223|Gertrude Mongella]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | 2004-01-01 | | [[File:Gertrude Mongella crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q449364|Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye]]'' | | [[ITshedi]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q264090|França Van-Dúnem]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | | | [[File:Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem (1980).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q178176|Abraham Ossei Aidooh]]'' | | [[IGana]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q58260|Arvin Boolell]]'' | | [[IMorishisi]] | | | [[File:Arvin Boolell, 2013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58186|Phandu Skelemani]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | | | [[File:Phandu Skelemani 2014.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50678|John Mahama]]'' | | [[IGana]] | | | [[File:John Mahama in Yokohama (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} d7hgftxmbpzx056bulggeptp0py7k3s 2 9772 122510 122360 2026-04-21T08:48:33Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 122510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item ?from ?to WHERE { ?item p:P39 ?position . ?position ps:P39 wd:Q3401753 OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P580 ?from } OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P582 ?to } } |section= |sort=?from |sort_order=desc |one_row_per_item=no |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,?from:Start date,?to:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q117472023|Judith Suminwa]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2024-06-12 | | [[File:Prime Minister of DRC Judith Suminwa Tuluka (2025) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105523479|Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde Kyenge]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2021-04-26 | 2024-06-12 | [[File:Secretary Blinken Meets With DRC Prime Minister Lukonde (52276160562) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q63967715|Ilunga Ilunkamba Sylvestre]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2019-05-20 | 2021-01-28 | [[File:Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29239480|Bruno Tshibala]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2017-05-18 | 2019-09-07 | [[File:Bruno Tshibala.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17639110|Samy Badibanga]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-18 | [[File:Samy Badibanga 2016 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3190411|Justin Marie Bomboko]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1960-09-14 | 1961-02-09 | [[File:Aankomst op Schiphol van Justin Bomboko minister in reg Ileo op doorreis naar P, Bestanddeelnr 911-6367.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3078546|Koyagialo Ngbase te Gerengo Louis Alphonse]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2012-03-06 | 2012-04-18 | [[File:Photo Louis Koyagialo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1879477|Léonard Mulamba]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1965-11-24 | 1966-10-25 | [[File:Léonard Mulamba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1429232|Joseph Iléo]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1961-02-09 | 1961-08-02 | [[File:Joseph Iléo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1429232|Joseph Iléo]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1960-09-05 | 1960-09-20 | [[File:Joseph Iléo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q365790|Adolphe Muzito]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2008-10-10 | 2012-03-06 | [[File:Adolphe Muzito - 2009.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q334830|Tshombé Moïse]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1964-07-10 | 1965-10-13 | [[File:26.2.63. Moïse Tshombe arrive à Toulouse (1963) - 53Fi5440 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q316942|Antoine Gizenga]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2006-12-30 | 2008-10-10 | [[File:Antoine Gizenga.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q182309|Cyrille Adoula]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]]<br/>[[IKhongo-Brazzaville|IRiphabliki weKongo]] | 1961-08-02 | 1964-06-30 | [[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F017179-0014, Auswärtiges Amt, Besuch Ministerpräsident Kongo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q176414|Évariste Kimba]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 1965-10-13 | 1965-11-25 | |- | ''[[:d:Q161672|Patrice Lumumba]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q618399|Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)]]'' | 1960-06-24 | 1960-09-14 | [[File:PatriceLumumba1960.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57883|Matata Ponyo Mapon Augustin]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2012-04-18 | 2016-11-17 | [[File:Matata Ponyo Mapon.jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} hr9o3xzb6wstivyrh3if68jpko5y0qi 2 11136 122511 122430 2026-04-21T09:51:31Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 122511 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q965 Scholia for Burkino Faso] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q965 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q1076606|University Joseph Ki-Zerbo]]'' | 16 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1076606|44]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1076606/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30255688|Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30255688|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30255688/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q113551179|Cercle d'Études, de Recherches et de Formation Islamiques]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q113551179|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q113551179/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q113551236|Mouvement Sunnite du Burkina Faso]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q113551236|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q113551236/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30262804|West African Health Organisation]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262804|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262804/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30281598|Centre Muraz]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30281598|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30281598/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30299472|Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30299472|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30299472/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q989437|Emmaus]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q989437|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q989437/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} rfnzz5hydc0htcnnylhol5e7ir5nzi7 2 11164 122512 117106 2026-04-21T11:30:04Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 122512 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1025 Scholia for Mauritania] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1025 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q539918|Ash'ari]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56085233|Wikimedians of Tamazight User Group]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3119358|University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3119358|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3119358/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} beild43bnczmt7gcloztcq4or3znwt6 2 11173 122509 122424 2026-04-21T07:57:22Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 122509 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q948 Scholia for Tunesia] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q948 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q3551686|Tunis University]]'' | 18 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551686|113]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551686/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q117284552|UR21ES01]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117284552|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117284552/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q784477|Tunisian Writers Union]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q784477|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q784477/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4164494|Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4164494|15]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4164494/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q539918|Ash'ari]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q539918/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q428136|Ez-Zitouna University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q428136|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q428136/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12236035|Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of Tunis]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12236035/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q91611455|Faculty of Sciences of Sfax]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q91611455/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100979927|Kairouan Yeshiva]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100979927/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12193455|Institut supérieur de théologie de Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193455/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12193512|Higher Institute of Music]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512|51]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12193512/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1003588|Francophonie]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1003588/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16684287|Higher School of War]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16684287/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q540341|University of Sfax]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q540341/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56085233|Wikimedians of Tamazight User Group]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q56085233/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12244312|Institut des Hautes Etudes de Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12244312/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1291779|Al-Zaytunah Mosque]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1291779/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16529070|Association for the protection of the medina of Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16529070/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22928671|Normal Higher School of Tunis]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22928671/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3268554|Alaoui Lyceum]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3268554/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3513937|Taht Essour]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3513937/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108866852|Bouden Cabinet]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108866852/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q12192657|École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q12192657/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q135063577|Merian Centre for Advanced Studies in the Maghreb (MECAM)]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q135063577/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2860551|National Archives of Tunisia]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2860551/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3416753|Radio Monastir]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3416753/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551596|University of Jendouba]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551596/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551602|University of Kairouan]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551602/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551673|University of Sousse]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551673/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4672520|Access Now]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672520/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q586066|Tunisian Communist Party]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q586066/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q649578|University of Gabès]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649578/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96271739|LR11ES01]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96271739/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96272020|LR16AGR01]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272020/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96272176|LR18ES30]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96272176/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} pej3dd81elj0z9c3mkymyyql8ew1l2j 0 29150 122508 93347 2026-04-21T03:12:17Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 122508 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Teens_from_polygamous_families.jpg|thumb|300x300px| Intsha evela emindenini yesithembu ikhombisa emhlanganweni womshado wobuningi eSalt Lake City e2006. Bangaphezu kuka-200 abalandeli abebehambele lo mcimbi. ]] Izisekelo kamomoni(obizwa nangokuthi '''Fundamentalist Mormonism)''' liqiniso elikhethiwe eliyisisekelo zezici [[Ubumormoni|zobumomoni]] njengoba kufundiswa futhi zenziwa yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, ikakhulukazi phakathi kohulumeni ka uJoseph Smith, Brigham Young, futhi uJohn Taylor, ezintathu zokuqala omongameli of The ISonto likaJesu Kristu LamaSuku Okugcina (i-LDS Church).AmaMormonistsists afuna ukusekela izinkambiso nemikhuba engasabanjwa ngamaMormon ajwayelekile (amalungu eSonto LDS).Isimiso esivame ukuhlotshaniswa nobufundamentali [[Ubumomoni nesithembu|bukaMormon umshado wobuningi]], uhlobo lwesithembu esafundiswa okokuqala ekuhambeni kwe- Latter Day Saint ngumsunguli wenhlangano, uSmith.Umgomo wesibili futhi ohlotshaniswa kakhulu yilowo we- United Order, uhlobo lobumbano obulinganayo.Abalandeli be-Mormon bakholelwa ukuthi lezi kanye nezinye izimiso zashiywa ngokungafanele noma zaguqulwa yiSonto LDS emizamweni yalo yokubuyisana nomphakathi omkhulu waseMelika.Namuhla, iSonto le-LDS lixosha noma imaphi amalungu alo enza umshado weningi noma ozihlanganisa kakhulu nemikhuba yamaMormon eyimfundiso eqinile. == Umlando == ISonto le-LDS laqala ukwenqabela ukwenza imishado ngobuningi ngaphakathi e- [[IMelika|United States]] e-1890 ngemuva kwesimemezelo esenziwe ngumongameli wesonto uWilford Woodruff.Kodwa-ke, lo mkhuba uqhubeke ngomshoshaphansi e-US futhi ngokusobala emakoloni amaMormon enyakatho yeMexico naseningizimu ye- Alberta.Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, amadoda amaningi ayenesithembu e-United States aqhubeka nokuhlala namakhosikazi awo ngobuningi ngemvume yabongameli besonto uWoodruff, uLorenzo Snow noJoseph F. Smith. [[File:Lorin_C._Woolley2.jpg|alt=Photo of [[Lorin C. Woolley]]|thumb|200x200px|<center> [[Lorin C. Woolley|ULorin C. Woolley]] (1882)<br /><br /><br /><br /> Waziwa njengobaba kaMormon wobufundamentali phakathi kwamahlelo amaningi kakhulu</center>]] Abanye abakholelwa emlandweni baphikise ngokuthi iManifesto yango-1890 yayingeyona isambulo sangempela sohlobo olunikezwe uNkulunkulu nguJoseph Smith, uBrigham Young, uJohn Taylor, nabanye, kodwa ukuthi kwakuyincwadi ephumelelisayo kwezepolitiki eyayihloselwe nguWoodruff ukuba ibe yisikhashana kuze kube I-Utah Territory ithole umbuso.Benza impikiswano yabo isuselwe ebufakazini bombhalo naseqinisweni lokuthi i- "Manifesto" ayibhaliwe ngokuhambisana nezambulo ezifanayo emibhalweni ye-LDS.Le mpikiswano iqhubeka ithi ngemuva kokujoyina i-Union, i-Utah ibizoba negunya lokushaya imithetho yayo maqondana nomshado, kunokuba iboshwe yimithetho yendawo yase-US enqabela isithembu.Ngaphambi kokuthi kunikezwe umbuso ngo-1896, noma kunjalo, uhulumeni wobumbano wayedinga ukuthi i-Utah ifake umbandela kumthethosisekelo wayo wezwe othi "imishado yesithembu noma yobuningi ivinjelwe unomphela." <ref>Utah Code — Constitution — [http://le.utah.gov/UtahCode/section.jsp?code=Article%20III Article 03 — Ordinance.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125074839/http://www.le.utah.gov/UtahCode/section.jsp?code=Article%20III |date=2015-11-25 }} Utah State Legislature web site. Retrieved 2011-08-23.</ref> Ama-Fundamentalists (kanye nezazi eziningi zomlando wamaMormon) nawo akholelwa ukuthi umfutho oyinhloko we-Manifesto yango-1890 kwakungu- Edmunds – Tucker Act wango-1887, umthetho oqinile wesifundazwe owaqeda ngokusemthethweni iSonto LDS, abesifazane ababengavunyelwe amalungelo (ababenikezwe ivoti e-Utah ngo-1870), futhi wacela abavoti ukuthi bathathe isifungo sokulwa nesithembu ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukuvota okhethweni. Ngokukhethwa kwe-Latter-day Saint Reed Smoot ukuba abe ngomunye wabamele i-Utah eSenate yase -US e-1903, ukunakekelwa kukazwelonke kwaphinde kwagxila ekuqhubekeni komshado weningi e-Utah, okwagcina sekulalelwa kweReed Smoot.Ngo-1904, umongameli wesonto uJoseph F. Smith wakhipha " Manifesto Okwesibili ", ngemva kwalokho esikhathini elaqala Inqubomgomo LDS Church excommunicate labo amalungu esonto angena noma solemnized nabantu abasanda kushada esithenjini. <ref>[[Church Educational System]]. [http://www.ldsces.org/inst_manuals/chft/chft-36-40.htm#36 Church History in the Fulness of Times Student Manual, Chapter 36]. (Salt Lake City, Utah: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints).</ref>Ubucayi obathathwa ngalesi sinyathelo esisha bufakazelwa ukuthi umphostoli uJohn W. Taylor, indodana kamongameli wesithathu waleli bandla, waxoshwa ngo-1911 ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwakhe nokuphikisana neManifesto. Namuhla, iSonto le-LDS liyaqhubeka nokuxosha amalungu akhuthaza izimfundiso zokuqala zamaMormon ezifana nomshado weningi, angene noma aqinise imishado yobuningi (kungaba e-United States noma kwenye indawo), noma asekele ngenkuthalo amaqembu amaMormon aphikisayo noma aphikisayo.Yize amanye amalungu eSonto le-LDS eqhubeka ''nokukholelwa'' emfundisweni yomshado wobuningi ngaphandle ''kokukwenza'', <ref>For example, one LDS Church commentator has said regarding plural marriage that "[o]bviously the practice will commence again after the Second Coming" of Jesus Christ: see [[Bruce R. McConkie]], ''[[Mormon Doctrine (book)|Mormon Doctrine]]'', p. 578.</ref> Izimfundiso zikaJoseph Smith ngomshado wobuningi zihlala ziyingxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeSonto LDS.ISonto le-LDS livimbela noma imaphi amalungu alo azwelana nezimfundiso zamaMormon zokuqina ukuze angene emathempelini alo. Ezinye izimfundiso eziyisisekelo zokuhamba kwe-Latter Day Saint ngaphandle kwesithembu, ikakhulukazi i- United Order (i-communalism), yize ibaluleke ngokulinganayo emikhubeni yamahlelo athile e-basicist, ayizange ihlolwe noma ihlolwe ngendlela efanayo nomshado weningi, kanye ne-LDS Church eyinhloko uye wasishaya indiva lesi sici sobufandamentali; nganoma yisiphi isimo, akukho sambulo noma isitatimende esilahlayo esake sakhishwa. [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] lpdeef5n1tm658lsnjoypnhykgilh34 0 31859 122507 122429 2026-04-21T03:09:11Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 122507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Social_media.png|thumb|Izithombe eziyizimpawu zezinkundla zezokuxhumana esihenqweni sika [[uMakhalipha]].]] [[File:Social media platter.svg|thumb|300px|Various social media platforms]] '''Izinkundla zokuxhumana''' zichazwa ngokuthi ziwubuchwepheshe bezinsizakuxhumana obusha obenza kube lula [[ukwenza isiqikili]], ukwabelana ngokwaziswa, nokuqoqa izindaba [[Isiqikili|eziyisiqikili]] (ezifana namasu, izintshisekelo, nezinye izinhlobo zokuveza imizwa) phakathi kwemiphakathi ekuxhakaxholo namahlelixhumano. Ulwangu lwazo luhlanganisa lokhu:<ref name="SMDefinition">{{cite journal |last1=Obar |first1=Jonathan A. |last2=Wildman |first2=Steve |title=Social media definition and the governance challenge: An introduction to the special issue |journal=Telecommunications Policy |date=2015 |volume=39 |issue=9 |pages=745–750 |doi=10.1016/j.telpol.2015.07.014 |ssrn=2647377 }}</ref> * Izinkundla ezikuxhakaxholo, zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba badale baphinde babele abanye ngesiqikili futhi bahlanganyele ekuxhumaneni nabanye.<ref name="SMDefinition" /><ref name="usersoftheworld" /><ref name="Fuchs-2017">{{Cite book |last=Fuchs |first=Christian |title=Social media: a critical introduction |date=2017 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=978-1-4739-6683-3 |edition=2nd |location=Los Angeles London New Delhi Singapore Washington DC Melbourne}}</ref> * Isiqikili esiphehlwa abasebenzisi esifana nezixhomo nokuphawula, izithombe, nemibukisobhanya, [[IMininingo|nemininingo]] iphehlwa ngokunanana kuxhakaxholo. * Izihawuza eziqondile zenkonzo eziklanywa futhi zinakelelwa iNhlangano yenkundla yokuxhimana.<ref name="SMDefinition" /><ref name="boydEllison">{{cite journal|last1=Boyd|first1=Danah M.|last2=Ellison|first2=Nicole B.|year=2007|title=Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship|journal=Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication|volume=13|issue=1|pages=210–30|doi=10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x|doi-access=free}}</ref> * Izinkundla zokuxhumana zilekelela ukuthuthukisa amahleloxhumano ezenhlalo akuxhakaxholo ngokuxhumanisa [[Isihawuza somsebenzisi]] nezabanye abasebenzisi. Elithi ''izinkundla zokuxhumana'' nakuba lingalihumushi ngokunembile elesiNgisi elithi ''social'', kodwa liveza ukuthi lena indawo lapho abantu benikwe khona ithuba lokuxhumana bewumphakathi. Izinkundla zokuxhumana zilekelela abantu ukuba baxhumane futhi bakhe amahleloxhumano nabanye.<ref name="Dijck">{{Cite book |last=Dijck |first=Jose van |url={{Google books|t5RpAgAAQBAJ|plainurl=yes}}|title=The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media |date=2013-01-02 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-997079-7 |language=en}}</ref> Abasebenzisi bafikelela ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ngamahlelikusebenza wolwebu noma weziklamo eziphathwayo. Amahlelokusebenza avumela abantu ngabanye, imihwebo, imiphakathi, neziNhlangano ukuba zabelane, zidale, zixoxe, zihlanganyele futhi ziguqule isiqikili esiphehlwe abasebenzisi.<ref name="Schivinski-2020">{{Cite journal |last1=Schivinski |first1=Bruno |last2=Brzozowska-Woś |first2=Magdalena |last3=Stansbury|first3=Ellena|last4=Satel|first4=Jason|last5=Montag|first5=Christian|last6=Pontes|first6=Halley M.|date=2020|title=Exploring the Role of Social Media Use Motives, Psychological Well-Being, Self-Esteem, and Affect in Problematic Social Media Use |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=11 |page=3576 |article-number=617140 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2020.617140 |pmc=7772182|pmid=33391137|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="boydEllison" /><ref name="Kietzmann">{{cite journal |last1=Kietzmann |first1=Jan H. |first2=Kristopher |last2=Hermkens |title=Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media |journal=Business Horizons |year=2011 |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=241–251 |doi=10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.005 |url=http://summit.sfu.ca/item/18103 |type=Submitted manuscript |archive-date=17 September 2019 |access-date=1 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917190204/http://summit.sfu.ca/item/18103 |url-status=live }}</ref> Izinkundla zokuxhumana zisetshenziselwa ukwabelana ngezinkumbulo, ukwakha ubuhlobo, nokwakha imiphakathi nokufunda. Ziphinde zisetshenziselwe ukuqhakambisa abantu, izinkampano, imikhiqizo, namasu. Izinkundla zokuxhumana zingasetshenziselwa nokuthenga, ukushicilela nokwabelana ngezindaba. Izinkundla zokuxhumana ezidumile ezinabasebenzisi ababhalisiwe abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu (100 million) zihlanganisa i-[[Twitter]], u-[[Facebook]], i-[[WeChat]], i-[[ShareChat]], i-[[Instagram]], i-[[Pinterest]], i-[[Qzone|QZone]], i-[[Weibo]], i-[[VK (service)|VK]], i-[[Tumblr]], i-[[Baidu Tieba]], i-[[Threads (social network)|Threads]], kanye ne-[[LinkedIn]]. Kuye ngesihlaziyo, ezinye izinkundla ezidumile nazocokuthiwa ezekuxhumana zihlanganisa lezi: i-[[YouTube]], i-[[Letterboxd]], i-[[Tencent QQ|QQ]], i-[[Quora]], i-[[Telegram (software)|Telegram]], i-[[WhatsApp]], I-[[Signal (messaging app)|Signal]], i-[[Line (software)|LINE]], i-[[Snapchat]], [[Viber]], i-[[Reddit]], [[Discord]], no-[[TikTok]]. AmaWiki kanye ne-[[Roblox]] izibonelo [[Ukwenza isiqikili|zokudalwa kwesiqikili]]. [[File:Example_social_media_profile_pic.png|thumb|Isibonelo sesihawuza senkundla yokuxhumana esiku-Wikipe-tan.]] Izinkundla zokuxhumana azifani nezinsizakuxhamana ezindala (ezifana [[Iphephandaba|namaphephandaba]], Umsakazeli kumabonakude, nomsakazo olalelwayo) ngezindlela eziningi, ezihlanganisa nezingabunjalo,<ref name="qualitymedia">{{cite journal|last1=Agichtein|first1=Eugene|last2=Castillo|first2=Carlos|last3=Donato|first3=Debora|last4=Gionis|first4=Aristides|last5=Mishne|first5=Gilad|title=Finding high-quality content in social media|journal=WISDOM – Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining|year=2008|pages=183–193|url=http://184pc128.csie.ntnu.edu.tw/presentation/09-03-09/Finding%20High-Quality%20Content%20in%20Social%20Media.pdf|access-date=8 January 2019|archive-date=23 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523090540/http://184pc128.csie.ntnu.edu.tw/presentation/09-03-09/Finding%20High-Quality%20Content%20in%20Social%20Media.pdf|archivedate=23 May 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523090540/http://184pc128.csie.ntnu.edu.tw/presentation/09-03-09/Finding%20High-Quality%20Content%20in%20Social%20Media.pdf|deadurl=yes}}</ref> ufinyelelo lwezikhangiso, [[umjinge]], ukusebenziseka, ukubaluleka nokuhlala kwazo.<ref name="Tao-2016">{{cite journal |last1=Tao |first1=Xiaohui |last2=Huang |first2=Wei |last3=Mu |first3=Xiangming |last4=Xie |first4=Haoran |title=Special issue on knowledge management of web social media |journal=Web Intelligence |date=18 November 2016 |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=273–274 |doi=10.3233/WEB-160343 }}</ref> Izinkundla zokuxhumana zigidinga ngohlelo olufufukisa inkulumongxoxo (imithombo eminingi, isamukezo eziningi) kuyilapho izinsizakuxhimana ezivamile zona zigidinga ngonongo lokufufukosa olushumayelayo (Umthombo owodwa isamukezo eziningi). Ngokwesibonelo, iphephandaba lifufuthelwa abacikiceli abaningi, nomsakazo nawo usakaza izinhlelo ezifanayo kubantu abaningi.<ref name="Pavlik-2015">{{cite book |last1=Pavlik |first1=John |title=Converging Media 4th Edition |last2=MacIntoch |first2=Shawn |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-19-934230-3 |location=New York, NY |page=189}}</ref> Izinkundla zokuxhumana ziyahxekwa ngenxa nezindlela ezikhinyabeza ngayo abantwana, ezihlanganisa ukubavezela isiqikili ezingesihle, ukuxhashazwa abantu abakhulile, ukungalali, izinkinga zokuhlozingi, imizwa yokushiyeka, nezinye izinkinga ezingokomqondo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Social Media Affects Your Teen's Mental Health: A Parent's Guide |url=https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/social-media-teen-mental-health-a-parents-guide |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=Yale Medicine |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2023-08-10 |title=Social Media and Teen Mental Health |url=https://www.aecf.org/blog/social-medias-concerning-effect-on-teen-mental-health |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=The Annie E. Casey Foundation |language=en}}</ref> Izinkundla zokuxhumana ziphinde zagxekwa ngokubhibhisa ukuluthuzeka kwezombusazwe nokudicilela phansi [[umbuso wabantu]], Kanye nokubaniwa ngobhongwane kwezinkundla zokuxhumana ongxiwankulu,<ref>{{cite book | last=Usher|first=Nikki|chapter= From Media Capture to Platform Capture |editor-last=Schiffrin | editor-first=Anya | title=Media Capture: How Money, Digital Platforms, and Governments Control the News | publisher=Columbia University Press | date=2021-06-22 | isbn=978-0-231-54802-1 | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qdzfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1955| access-date=2025-10-23 | page=155-}}</ref><ref name="w325">{{cite journal |last1=Zaid |first1=Bouziane |last2=Ibahrine |first2=Mohammed |last3=Ben Moussa |first3=Mohamed |last4=Makki |first4=Alaa |title=Shifting Power Dynamics: Media Capture and Platform Dominance in Journalism |journal=Digital Journalism |date=9 August 2025 |volume=13 |issue=7 |pages=1311–1330 |doi=10.1080/21670811.2025.2532509 }}</ref> futhi izintatheli ezifan noMaria Ressa zibheka okwenzeka "njengobuthi obungxolisayo" ngenxa yokwanda kokungatuenjwa kwazo emphakathini.<ref>{{cite AV media|author=Asialink|title=The 2025 Southeast Asia Oration with Maria Ressa|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBpZYYZ75J0&t=4907s|website=[[YouTube]]|publisher=[[Google|Google LLC]]|access-date=2025-09-05|date=2025-09-03|time=1:21:47|archive-date=5 October 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005040411/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBpZYYZ75J0&t=4907s|url-status=live}}</ref> Amaziko wezindaba amakhulu anezinhlaka ezibekiwe zokulawula ukuba kubgaqaniwa amanga, kodwa izinkundla zokuxhumana zona zingenza amanga abe sematheni ngaphandle kolawulo. "Izihlelakwenza ezithungatha okwenziwa umsebenzisi ukuze ziqokomise akuvezelwayo zivame ukuvuna isiqikili esivusa imizwa engemihle efana nolaka nokubhavumula. Ngokuvamile, iningi lesidukiso ezikuxhakaxholo sivela kwidlanzana elibuebhethisayo, Kodwa izinkundla lezi zenza kube isibunge nakakhulu."<ref>{{cite web|title=How and why does misinformation spread?|date=2024-03-01|publisher=[[American Psychological Association]]|url=https://www.apa.org/topics/journalism-facts/how-why-misinformation-spreads|access-date=14 October 2024|archive-date=10 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241110100748/https://www.apa.org/topics/journalism-facts/how-why-misinformation-spreads|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Amaphatho== gaf5zsle8l1pdbvadogbuba44sqwwsw 0 31940 122502 106703 2026-04-20T17:55:18Z InternetArchiveBot 15036 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 122502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Refimprove|date=July 2019}}{{Infobox settlement|name=Richards Bay|other_name=Richardsbaai<br>Mhlathuze Lagoon (former name)<ref>{{Cite thesis|last=Ntuli |first=Sihle Herbert |year=1998 |title=The history of the Mthiyane people who were removed from Richards Bay to Ntambanana Wednesday day [''sic'' Tuesday] 6 January 1976 |series=Dissertation |publisher=University of Zululand |url=http://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za/xmlui/handle/10530/1310 |type=Thesis }}</ref>|native_name=|image_skyline=Richards Bay Northern Breakwater.jpg|image_caption=Richard's Bay Northern Breakwater|pushpin_map=South Africa KwaZulu-Natal#South Africa#Africa|subdivision_type=[[Country]]|subdivision_name=[[South Africa]]|subdivision_type1=[[Provinces of South Africa|Province]]|subdivision_name1=[[KwaZulu-Natal]]|subdivision_type2=[[List of districts of South Africa|District]]|subdivision_name2=[[King Cetshwayo District Municipality|King Cetshwayo]]|subdivision_type3=[[List of municipalities of South Africa|Municipality]]|subdivision_name3=[[uMhlathuze Local Municipality|uMhlathuze]]|subdivision_type4=Main Place|established_title=Established|established_date=1969|leader_title=Councillor|area_footnotes=<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/538011 |title = Main Place Richards Bay |work=Census 2011}}</ref>|area_total_km2=142.78|population_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|population_total=57387|population_as_of=2022|population_density_km2=auto <!-- demographics (section 1) -->|demographics_type1=Racial makeup (2022)|demographics1_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics1_title1=[[Bantu peoples of South Africa|Black African]]|demographics1_info1=38.0%|demographics1_title2=[[Coloureds|Coloured]]|demographics1_info2=8.2%|demographics1_title3=[[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]]|demographics1_info3=19.2%|demographics1_title4=[[White South African|White]]|demographics1_info4=31.1%|demographics1_title5=Other|demographics1_info5=0.4% <!-- demographics (section 2) -->|demographics_type2=[[First language]]s (2022)|demographics2_footnotes=<ref name="census2011" />|demographics2_title1=[[Zulu language|Zulu]]|demographics2_info1=38.6%|demographics2_title2=[[South African English|English]]|demographics2_info2=33.8%|demographics2_title3=[[Afrikaans]]|demographics2_info3=31.5%|demographics2_title4=|demographics2_info4=|demographics2_title5=Other|demographics2_info5=2.1% <!-- blank fields (section 2) --> <!-- Other information -->|timezone1=[[South African Standard Time|SAST]]|utc_offset1=+2|postal_code_type=[[List of postal codes in South Africa|Postal code]] (street)|postal_code=3900|postal2_code_type=[[Post-office box|PO box]]|postal2_code=3900|area_code_type=[[Telephone numbers in South Africa|Area code]]|area_code=035|official_name=}} [[File:Alkantstrand,_Richards_Bay_1.jpg|alt=|thumb|Ulwandle lwase-Alkantstrand]] '''I-Richards Bay''' (Afrikaans ) yidolobha elikhulu elitholakala ngaphansi koMkhandlu wase[[UMhlathuze Local Municipality|Mhlathuze]] [[IKwaZulu-Natali|KwaZulu-Natal]], [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|INingizimu Afrika]]. Le ndawo itholakala ebangeni engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-30 uma usuka emfuleni uMhlathuze, okuyenza ibe elinye. Le ndawo inechweba elikhulu kunawo wonke ezweni nasezwenikazi lase Afrika.<ref>Nel, H. A., Hean, J. W., Noundou, X. S., & Froneman, P. W. (2017). Do microplastic loads reflect the population demographics along the southern African coastline?. ''Marine Pollution Bulletin'', ''115''(1-2), 115-119.</ref> == Umlando == Leli dolobha laqala njengetheku lesikhashana elasungulwa nguCommodore waseKapa, [[Markus Brown|USir Markus Eugene Brown]],<ref name=":0">Cubbin, Tony (1997). ''The History of Richards Bay 1897-1970s''. Empangeni, South Africa: Empangeni Printers. p. 21.</ref> ngesikhathi seMpi ye-Anglo-Zulu ka-1879. Ngo-1902, uCathcart Methven, unjiniyela wechweba kaHulumeni waseNatal, ku-Zululand Port Survey wahlonza amandla e-Richards Bay njengetheku elisha olisogwini olusempumalanga nezwe.<ref name=":0" /> Ngonyaka ka-1935 kwabe sekusungulwa i-Richards Bay Game Sanctuary ukuze ivikele imvelo ezungeze ichweba. Kwathi ngonyaka ka-1943 yanda yaba yi-Richards Bay Park. Leli dolobha lakhiwa ogwini lwechibi ngonyaka ka-1954 lase limenyezelwa njengedolobha ngonyaka ka-1969. <ref>Joyce, P. (1989). ''The South African family encyclopaedia''. Internet Archive. Cape Town : Struik Publishers. ISBN <bdi>978-0-86977-887-6</bdi>.</ref> Ngonyaka ka-1965, uHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika ngaphansi kukaNgqongqoshe Wezokuthutha UBen Schoeman wabe esenquma ukwakha ichweba khona e-Richards Bay.<ref>Aniruth, J. & Barnes, J. (1998). "Why Richards Bay grew as an industrial centre: Lessons for SDIs". ''Development Southern Africa''. '''15''' (5): 829–849. doi:10.1080/03768359808440052.</ref> Umsebenzi wokwakha waqala ngo-1972 nowathatha iminyaka emine ukuthi uphothulwe. NgoJanuwari 1976, kwaba nokususwa okuphoqelelwe kwezakhamuzi zendawo zomndeni wakwaMthiyane Zulu zabe sezisiwa endaweni yaseNtambanana.<ref name=":1">Ntul, H.S. (2020). "Memories of victims : the historical trajectory of the removal of people from Mandlanzini, South Africa". ''Southern Journal for Contemporary History''. '''44''' (2). p.95 doi:10.18820/24150509/SJCH44.v2.4. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020.</ref>Ngo-1 April 1976, itheku elisha elujilile lavulwa nomzila wesitimela kanye nepayipi likawoyela elalixhumanisa itheku neGoli.<ref>http://www.kzntransport.gov.za/public_trans/freight_databank/kzn/ports/Richards_Bay/index_xml.html</ref> Indawo entsha eyabe isivulelwa ukuthi kuhlalwe kuyona yaba seNyakatho yechweba neyaziwa ngokuthi i-Meerensee.<ref>Potgieter, D. J. (1973). ''Standard Encyclopedia of Southern Africa''. Internet Archive. p. 343.</ref> Le ndawo yaqala yaba idolobha lokuqala elihlala abantu ngonyaka ka- 1970.<ref name=":2">Potgieter, D. J. (1973). ''Standard Encyclopedia of Southern Africa''. Internet Archive. p. 343.</ref> Le ndawo yase Meerensee yabe isilandelwa yi-Arboretum ngo-1975, ne-Veldenvlei ngo-1980.<ref name=":2" /> Zonke lezi zindawo esezibaliwe zazibekelwe abaMhlophe kuphela ngesikhathi sobandlululo. Idolobhana labamnyama lakhiwa e-Sikhaleni/Sikhawini, amakhilomitha ayishumi nanhlanu eNingizimu nendawo yaseRichards Bay. Izindawo zokuhlala zamaNdiya nabamnyama (iBrackenham ne-Aquadene) zavulwa ngemuva kuka-1985 entshonalanga yeVeldenvlei.<ref name=":2" /> Amadolobhana amathathu angaphandle kweRichards Bay (ngaphandle kwedolobha labamnyama lase-Sikhaleni) ayenabantu abacishe babe ngu-20,000 ngo-1990.<ref>https://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za/server/api/core/bitstreams/33f6f73e-34f9-418f-8d74-03e416bc5332/content</ref> == Umnotho == Ichweba laseRichards Bay liqukethe lokho okuyisikhungo samalahle esingabalwa kwesikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esinomthamo ohleliwe wamathani ayizigidi ezingu-91 ngonyaka engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2009.<ref>https://www.gem.wiki/Richards_Bay_Coal_Terminal{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ngo-2007 umkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-66.12. Itheku lase-Australia laseNewcastle, eNew South Wales liyitheku elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, lithumela amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-161 amalahle ngo-2016.<ref>"The Channel Autumn 2017" (PDF). Port of Newcastle Operations Pty Limited. April 2017. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2017.</ref> Izindawo ezimbili zokuncibilikisa [[IsAlumbe|I-aluminium]], i-Hillside Aluminium ne-Bayside Aluminium zisetshenziswa yi-[https://www.south32.net/what-we-do/our-commodities/aluminium-alumina-bauxite South32]. Isikhungo somanyolo esisetshenziswa yiFoskor. I-iron ore, I-ruthenile (i-titanium oxide) ne-i-zircon zimbiwa ezindaweni zamakhosi i Richards Bay Minerals (RBM), ingxenye ye-Rio Tinto Group.<ref>https://www.riotinto.com/en/operations/south-africa/richards-bay-minerals</ref> Idolobha lihweba namazwe angaphandle amalahle, ubhanana, i-aluminium, i-titanium namanye amaminerali asindayo, i-granite, i-ferrochrome, i-pulp yephepha, ama-chips okhuni kanye ne-phosphoric acid. IRichards Bay idolobha elikhula ngokushesha eNingizimu Afrika. Leli dolobha liyisikhungo sezimboni esikhula ngokushesha.<ref name=":1" /> Kodwa-ke, njengezinye izindawo eziningi eNingizimu Afrika, indawo yaseRichards Bay ihlushwa ukuntuleka kwamathuba emisebenzi nobumpofu. Ukungasebenzi kulinganiselwa kumaphesenti angamashumi amane futhi inani elingaziwa labantu liphila ngaphansi kobumpofu. Uhulumeni wendawo awuzange enze imizamo eyanele yokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi ahloselwe ukunciphisa ubumpofu. Ngaphandle kwemboni yezimayini, ezokuvakasha ziyingxenye enkulu yomnotho, kanti iRichards Bay iyisango lendlela ebheke eZululand, indawo ethandwa izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yamapaki ayo amakhulu kanye nezilwane zasendle ezihlukahlukene ezinikezwayo.<ref>Mwandla, E. M. (1998). ''The local community's cognition of the development of gaming facilities in Richards Bay and environs'' (Doctoral dissertation).</ref> I-[https://www.rbidz.co.za/ Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone] ingenye yezindawo ezimbili zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngaphakathi kwesifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natal. Le ndawo iyindawo yezimboni ezisetshenziswa ngokugcwele ehlanganisa izimboni ezisindayo, eziphakathi nendawo nezincane ezixhumene neziseduze nechweba laseRichards Bay. == UHulumeni nezombusazwe == Njengoba imingcele kamasipala yayisanda kubekwa ngo-2000, i-[[Inkatha Freedom Party]] (IFP), ngokubambisana ne-[[Democratic Alliance]] (DA) namanye amaqembu amancane, yayibusa kuMasipala wase-[[UMasipala wase Mhlathuze|Mhlathuze]]. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-National Freedom Party, i-IFP yalahlekelwa ukulawula uMasipala ngaphansi kwe-[[African National Congress|I-African National Congress]] (ANC). Umphathi-dolobha wase-Mhlathuze kwakunguMnu [https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/former-anc-mayor-resigns-as-municipalitys-pr-councillor-93a33c87-7f89-4a8d-9310-3f66e793d6e0 Mduduzi Mhlongo]. Ngemuva kokhetho lwangonyaka ka-2021, i-[[Inkatha Freedom Party]] iphinde yathola amandla ayo ngokubambisana ne-Democratic Alliance (DA) futhi u-Xolani Ngwezi wabe esekhethwa njengoSodolobha. Umkhandlu waseMhlathuze ungaphansi komkhandlu wesifunda iKing Cetshwayo District futhi eholwa yi-[[Inkatha Freedom Party]] lapho u[https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/kzn-municipalities/king-cetshwayo-district-municipality Thamisanqa Ntuli] enguSodolobha khona. == Inani labantu kulelidolobha == Kulelidolobha abantu abaMhlophe babalelwa kumaphesenti angu-39.98, belandelwa abantu abansundu base-Afrika ngamaphesenti angu 37.05, Abase-Asia Noma AmaNdiya ngamaphesenti angu-19.16 kanye nabamnyama ngamaphesenti amathathu. Amaphesenti angu-74.19 enani labantu angaphansi kweminyaka engu-34 ubudala, namaphesenti angu-2.73 aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kuzo zonke izinsikazi eziyikhulu, kunabantu besilisa abangu-93. Inani labantu lilinganiselwa kubantu abangu-526-1,192 / km2. Kunamikhaya angu-12,433 eRichards Bay, futhi amaphesenti angu-66,4 amikhaya enjalo ayizindlu noma izakhiwo zezitini. Ngokusho kwemali engenayo yomndeni, idolobha elicebe kakhulu yi-Meerensee, elinesilinganiso semali engenayo yasekhaya engaphezu kwe-R153,601 ngonyaka. Izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi eRichards Bay iyodwa lingamaphesenti angu-19, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-55 ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ezizungeze idolobha. Izakhiwo ezinhlobonhlobo zobuhlanga zamadolobhana ayisikhombisa ahlukene zisekhona emgqeni wokuhlukaniswa kwenkathi yobandlululo, kanti i-Meerensee iyindawo eningi yabamhlophe, kuyilapho amadolobhana afana neBrackenham ne-Aquadene ngokuyinhloko amaNdiya / ase-Asia kanye neNgwelezane iyikhaya lomphakathi omnyama. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje kuye kwaba nomzabalazo wokuhlangana okwengana kwezizwe, ikakhulukazi abantu abansundu abathuthela kwezinye izindawo, ngokwesiko ezihola imali ephakeme, ngenxa yokwanda kwesigaba sabahola kangconywana sabamnyama kule ndawo. Amaphesenti angama-22 abantu aseqedile isikole kuphela. Amanye amaphesenti angu-8.45 anemfundo ephakeme. Amaphesenti angu-16.7 awazange athole imfundo nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, lolu lwazi ibonisa umasipala wase-Mhlathuze wonkana. == Ukuma kwezwe nesimo sezulu == I-Richards Bay ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esimanzi esishisayo esisemngceleni i [[Tropical savanna climate|sezulu sasezindaweni ezishisayo]] njengoba izinyanga ezimbili kuphela ezinamazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-18 °C Kukhona ihlobo elifudumele elinomsokama kanye nobusika obuncane obungenalo iqhwa. &nbsp;Leli dolobha linemvula evamile yaminyaka yonke engamamilimitha angu-1228 (48.3 in). &nbsp;Isilinganiso sezinga lokushisa lonyaka ngu-21.5 °C (71 °F), kanye nezinga eliphakeme emini kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMashi ku-29 °C (84 °F), futhi elincane ngu-21 °C (70 °F), lehla liye ekuphakameni kwasemini kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti ku-23 °C (73 °F) kanye nelinani eliphansi le-12 °C (53 °F). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ukuphuma kwelanga ngo-4:45 futhi ukushona kwelanga ngo-19:00 ehlobo. Ebusika ukuphuma kwelanga kungo-06h20 bese kushona ilanga ngo-17h00. I-Richards Bay iyindawo ethandwayo yokugibela i-kite-surfing ngenxa yemimoya engaguquguquki evunguza ivela eNyakatho-Mpumalanga. Indawo yaseRichards Bay ngokuvamile iyithafa kakhulu futhi isethafeni elingasogwini. Indawo ikhuphuka kancane ngasentshonalanga. Amadolobhana angaphandle angaphezu kwamamitha ambalwa (Reneging cishe 140m) (amamitha angu-459.3) ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. &nbsp;Le ndawo iningi emahlathini ama-dune asogwini, ikakhulukazi eceleni kwe-zindunduma zasogwini nasedolobheni lase-Meerensee.{{Weather Box|location=Richards Bay, 1961-1990|metric first=Y|single line=Y|Jan record high C=41|Feb record high C=39|Mar record high C=39|Apr record high C=37|May record high C=35|Jun record high C=35|Jul record high C=31|Aug record high C=37|Sep record high C=40|Oct record high C=42|Nov record high C=43|Dec record high C=42|year record high C=|Jan high C=29|Feb high C=29|Mar high C=29|Apr high C=27|May high C=25|Jun high C=23|Jul high C=23|Aug high C=24|Sep high C=25|Oct high C=25|Nov high C=27|Dec high C=29|year high C=|Jan mean C=25|Feb mean C=25|Mar mean C=24.5|Apr mean C=22.5|May mean C=21|Jun mean C=17.5|Jul mean C=17.5|Aug mean C=19|Sep mean C=20.5|Oct mean C=21|Nov mean C=23|Dec mean C=24.5|year mean C=|Jan low C=21|Feb low C=21|Mar low C=20|Apr low C=18|May low C=15|Jun low C=12|Jul low C=12|Aug low C=14|Sep low C=16|Oct low C=17|Nov low C=19|Dec low C=20|year low C=|Jan record low C=11|Feb record low C=13|Mar record low C=14|Apr record low C=8|May record low C=7|Jun record low C=6|Jul record low C=4|Aug record low C=5|Sep record low C=6|Oct record low C=10|Nov record low C=11|Dec record low C=13|year record low C=|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=172|Feb precipitation mm=167|Mar precipitation mm=107|Apr precipitation mm=109|May precipitation mm=109|Jun precipitation mm=57|Jul precipitation mm=60|Aug precipitation mm=65|Sep precipitation mm=77|Oct precipitation mm=105|Nov precipitation mm=114|Dec precipitation mm=86|Jan precipitation days=12|Feb precipitation days=12|Mar precipitation days=10|Apr precipitation days=8|May precipitation days=7|Jun precipitation days=6|Jul precipitation days=6|Aug precipitation days=7|Sep precipitation days=9|Oct precipitation days=12|Nov precipitation days=13|Dec precipitation days=11|Jan sun=|Feb sun=|Mar sun=|Apr sun=|May sun=|Jun sun=|Jul sun=|Aug sun=|Sep sun=|Oct sun=|Nov sun=|Dec sun=|source 1=[[Weather SA]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate data: Richards Bay |date=July 2009 |publisher=South African Weather Service |url=http://www.weathersa.co.za/Climat/Climstats/RichardsBayStats.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704213718/http://www.weathersa.co.za/Climat/Climstats/RichardsBayStats.jsp |archive-date=4 July 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|date=2009}} == Ubugebengu == Le ndawo ibhekene namazinga aphakeme obugebengu ngokubulawa kwabantu abaningi abavelele, kufaka phakathi okuka-ward councillor, okuningi okuhlobene nezinkinga zokuthenga nokuthengisa.<ref>Ardé, Greg (3 March 2024). "Violent mafias hold Richards Bay industry to ransom". ''Daily Maverick''. Retrieved 5 March 2024.</ref> == UbuKhatholika == UMpristi wesifunda saseKwambonambi wayegubha iMisa kabili ngenyanga ekhaya lomuntu siqu futhi, kusukela ngo-1973, eMeerensee Primary School. KwakunamaKatholika ambalwa eRichards Bay ekuqaleni, kodwa inani labo lakhula ngokuqhubeka kokuthuthuka kwedolobha. UMpristi wesifunda sase-Mpangeni wathatha ukunakekela kwalabaKhatholika ngemuva kokuba umgwaqo omusha ophakathi kwe-Empangeni neRichards Bay uqedwe ekupheleni kuka-1974. Wethula iMisa lamasonto onke, elalibanjwa eSontweni laseWeseli e-Meerensee futhi kamuva eSikoleni samabanga aphansi e-Arboretum. I-Diocese of Eshowe ngaleso sikhathi yathenga indawo yesonto e-Meerensee. Indawo yanikezwa odade baseNardini abakha isigodlo nesikole samabanga aphansi lapho ngo-1977/78. UReg. Sommerville, umklami wezakhiwo wase-Empangeni, wenza amapulani. I-O'Connell Brothers, inkampani yase-Mpangeni, yaqala ukusebenza kokwakha ngoJuni 1977. Baqeda isigaba sokuqala kungakapheli unyaka ukuze u-Archabbot Notker Wolf waseSt. Ottilien (eJalimane), ngaleso sikhathi owayeseNingizimu Afrika evakashele, akwazi ukubusisa isonto nenkulisa ngomhlaka 12 August 1978. Isigaba sesibili sokwakhiwa kwendlu yezindela saqedwa ngo-January 1979. Odade ababili baseNardini bahlala esigodlweni esisha sezindela ngo-February 1979. Isigodlo sezindela sasisetshenziswa umphakathi wamaKhatholika waseRichards Bay ngeMisa langeSonto kusukela ngoJuni 1978 kuze kube ngu-Agasti 1986 lapho kuvulwa isonto elisha lase-Veld-en-Vlei. Ukuthutheleka kwabantu eRichards Bay ekuqaleni kwawo-1980 kwaletha ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwenani lamaKhatholika. Lokhu kwenza kwaba nesidingo sokucabanga ngokwakha isonto elifanele. UDuvenhage noFischer, abaklami bezakhiwo baseRichards Bay, bacelwa ukuba bafake imiklamo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokuhlela, onke amalungu esonto amenywa ukuba enze ukusikisela kwesikhungo esisha samaKhatholika. Izinyanga eziningi imidwebo nezinhlelo zaboniswa ngemuva kweMisa leSonto ukuze wonke umuntu anikele ngemibono. Isifunda sombhishobhi sase-Eshowe ekugcineni samukela isiphakamiso sokwakha isonto kanye nehholo kanye nefulethi lomnakekeli eVeld en Vlei ngenxa yesikhundla esiphakathi nale ndawo. Ukuhlatshwa kwesoyi kwenzeka ngomhlaka-12 September 1985. I-LTA Construction, enye yezinkampani zokwakha ezinkulu kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika yanikezwa inkontileka. Umsebenzi wokwakha waqedwa ngo-June 1986. UMbhishobhi uMansuet Biyase wanikezela isonto elisha ngo-31 August 1986.<ref>https://dacb.org/stories/southafrica/biyase-dela/</ref> Kuleli sonto kunendawo yokukhulekela, ikhishi elincane kanye nendlu yomnakekeli. Ngonyaka ka-1992, kwanezelwa esinye isakhiwo. Iqukethe igumbi lokuhlangana namakilasi amaningana ezingane zenkolo. ISonto likaSt. Francis eRichards Bay lalinamaKhatholika angabalelwa kwangu-600 ngo-1992. Zonke izakhiwo ezengeziwe zakhiwa futhi zakhokhelwa nguFata Pious Paul ngefa elalishiywe kuye. Wanikeza iRichards Bay Parish isikhumbuzo sokuzuzisa wonke amaKhatholika eZululand. Ngemva kukaFata Pious abaPristi abaningana babephethe isifunda esinguFata Alousios, u-Eugene, uHemmie, uPeter Blue, uMax kanye noFata Bheki. == Ezemidlalo == === Imicimbi === ==== I-Richards Bay BG Triathlon World Cup ka2006/7/8 ==== I-Richards Bay yabamba i-ITU World Cup. I-ITU Triathlon World Cup kwakuwuhlu lwemincintiswano ye-triathlon eyayihlelwe yi-International Triathlon Union (ITU) yabadlali be-triatlon bezinga eliphakeme. Kwakunemincintiswano eyishumi nambili eyayenziwa emazweni ayishumi nambili, ngayinye yayihamba ibanga elingaphezu kwe-1500 m ubhukuda, umjikelezo wamakhilomitha angu-40, ukugijima kwamakhilomitha ayishumi (i-Olympic-distance triathlon). &nbsp;&nbsp;Ngaphandle kwesikhwama somklomelo, amaphuzu anikezwa emncintiswaneni ngamunye onikela ngeNdebe Yomhlaba wonke lapho kunikezwa khona isikhwama somklomelo esengeziwe. I-World Cup ka-2008 yaxhaswa yi-BG Group. Uchungechunge lweNdebe Yomhlaba ka-2008 lwaba unyaka wokugcina walomjaho kanye nohlelo lwezingqungquthela njengoba i-ITU yayigxile ekuthuthukiseni i-World Championship Series. ==== INdebe Yomhlaba Ye-FIFA yangonyaka ka-2010 ==== Ngenxa yesikhumulo sezindiza sendawo, nangenxa yokusondelana kwayo neDurban (amahora amathathu okuhamba) kanye nesimo sayo sokuba isango laseZululand, iRichards Bay yabonwa njengesikhungo sokuqeqeshwa esingase sibe khona seNdebe Yomhlaba. Kwakhiwa inkundla encane ehloselwe ukufinyelela ukugunyazwa kwe-I-FIFA. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2009, ithimba laseGhana lavakashela leli dolobha, okwabangela ukuqagela kokuthi Iqembu lebhola likanobhutshuzwayo laseGhana lingazifaka edolobheni. NgoMeyi 2010, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi Iqembu lebhola likanobhutshuzwayo laseNigeria lizoletha isizinda salo eRichards Bay ngesikhathi seNdebe Yomhlaba. ==== Umqhudelwano WaseNingizimu Afrika WaseSurfski wango-2011 ==== I-Zululand Kayak Club, i-Richards Bay, yakhethwa yi-KwaZulu Natal Canoe Union (KNCU) ukuba ibambe umqhudelwano waminyaka yonke wokushushuluza nge-surf.[https://surfski.wiki/races/races_south_africa] Lokhu kwafinyelelwa ngo-17 no-18 September 2011. Lo mncintiswano waletha mqhudelwano waletha abantwezi nabasafufusa ababevela eThekwini, e-East London, eGqeberha, eKapa naseGoli. Lo mncintiswano wawusekelwa yi-Rio Tinto-Richards Bay Minerals ne-Midbay Motors. ==== Umqhudelwano Wokuntweza w aseNingizimu Afrika wonyaka ka-2015 ==== Ngo-2015 iRichards Bay yakhethwa yiqembu elibusayo le-surfing yaseNingizimu Afrika, i-Surfing South Africa (SSA), ukuba ibambe i-South African Surf Championships.<ref>https://www.news24.com/news24/sabudgettravel-5-things-to-do-in-richards-bay-20170723</ref> Abantwezi abaphambili baseNingizimu Afrika bahlangana ukuze bancintisane e-Alkantstrand phakathi nomcimbi wesonto lonke ngo-Agasti. Lo mncintiswano wawuphethwe futhi uqondiswa yiqembu le-surfing lendawo, i-uThungulu Surfriders (ngaphambili i-Zululand Surfriders Association). === Izinhlangano === * I-Canoe / Surfski: I-Zululand Kayak Club iyinhlangano yezemidlalo yasemanzini, egxile ekudlaleni nge-canoe ne-surfski, futhi incintisana emincintiswaneni eminingi ekhalendeni le-KNCU. Leli yiqembu lendawo elinakekela umphakathi waseZululand. Leli qembu linikeza umphakathi isikole sokushushuluza nge-surf kunoma ubani onesifiso sokuzama umdlalo omusha. * Ukugibela amabhayisikili: I-[https://www.strava.com/clubs/261282 Zululand Cycling Club] iyasebenza futhi ingathintwa ngekhasi le-Facebook le-Zulaland Cycling. (ZCC) * Ukugibela: I-King Cetswayo District Surf Club (ngaphambili i-uThungulu Surf Riders) * I-Wrestling: I-[https://www.mycomlink.co.za/organisation.php?i=6338 Richards Bay Wrestling Club] ingelinye lamaqembu aphezulu omzabalazo esifundazweni saseKwaZulu-Natal. * [[Ibhola|Ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo]]: I-Richards Bay F.C. iyiqembu lebhola likanobhuthuzwayo elisedolobheni. == Abantu abavelele == * U<nowiki><b>Bridgitte Hartley</b></nowiki> - owathola indondo ye-bronze kuma-Olympic emdlalweni we-Women's K-1 500m Canoeing 2012 Olympic Games owawubanjelwa eLondon * U<nowiki><b>Marius Jonker</b></nowiki> - Isikhulu somdlalo we-rugby union yaseNingizimu Afrika * [[Lindokuhle Mkhwanazi|U'''Lindokuhle "Linda" Mkhwanazi''']] - umdlali webhola likanobhutshuzwayo * U<nowiki><b>Casimiro Monteiro</b></nowiki> - isikhulu sobunhloli sasePortugal nombulali we-Portuguese Colonial Police kanye ne-PIDE (International and State Defense Police). UMonteiro wathatha umhlalaphansi waya eRichards Bay. * [[Lalela Mswane|U'''Lalela Mswane''']] - INkosazana yaseNingizimu Afrika 2021 & INkosazana Supranational 2022 == Imithombo yezindaba yendawo == * I-'''Focus Magazine''' - umagazini womphakathi okhazimulayo ochaza izimpahla nokuphila ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweRichards Bay. * I-'''Zululand Observer''' - iphephandaba elisetshenziswa endaweni elasungulwa nguNkk. Regina Anthony ngo-1969 - www.zululandobserver.co.za * '''1KZN TV''' == Ukuhamba == * Itheku LaseRichards Bay * Isikhumulo Sezindiza SaseRichards Bay {{Uhlu lwemithombo}} [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 2ont0zsgzglu5p6d9leqoc0ncersbir 0 34152 122505 2026-04-21T02:34:05Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349695516|Saint]]" 122505 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Greek_School_-_Icon_of_Saint_John_the_Baptist_-_1102557_-_National_Trust.jpg|thumb|UJohane uMbhapathizi uvezwe enomqhele ]] Ngojwenkolelo yobuKristu, '''isicwebi''', esaziwa nangokuthi '''ongcwele''', ngumuntu owaziwa ngokuthi unezinga eliyingqayizivele lobungcwele, isimo esifana, noma esisondelane nesikaThixo.. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi isicwebi kuxhomeke emongweni nasenhlanganweni. Ukuqashelwa yibandla okungokomthetho , ukuhlonishwa, kunikezwa ezinye izicwebi zamahlelo ngomdludlungu Ukugcotshwa eSontweni LamaKatolika noma ukukhazimula eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox LaseMpumalanga ngemuva kokuvunyelwa kwabo. Izicwebi ziyahlonishwa emakhalendeni okukhulekela obuLuthela be-Evangelical kanye UbuSheshi. Kwamanye amahlelo angavumelani, njenge-Plymouth Brethren, futhi elandela ukusetshenziswa kukaPauline, ''isicwebi'' sibhekisela kabanzi kunoma yimuphi UbuKristu ongcwele ngaphandle kokuqashelwa okukhethekile noma ukukhethwa. 30jem6iyffjat8ugcikq5gdclj2090g 0 34153 122506 2026-04-21T02:45:28Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348481179|Preference]]" 122506 wikitext text/x-wiki Kumchazamqondo, [[Ezomnotho|kwezomnotho]] nasefilosof, '''umenyulo''' igama lobuchule elivame ukusetshenziswa maqondana nokukhetha phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo, othile wenyula u-A kuno-B uma engase akhethe u-A kuno-B. Umenyulo umqoka kumchachiso wokwenza isinqumo ngenxa yalokhu kuhlobana nokuziphatha. Ezinye izindlela ezifana ''ne-Ordinal Priority Approach'' zisebenzisa ubudlelwano bomenyulo ekwenzeni izinqumo. p9fr64cb3gw83yhb2y7s6m64wyv8awh