Fouleg - Wikipedia

# Fouleg

### Diwar Wikipedia, an holloueziadur digor

Ar pennad-mañ n'eo ket peurechu c'hoazh ; ma fell deoc'h labourat warnañ deuit da welout ha lakait hoc'h ali e pajenn ar gaozeadenn.

Ur yezh atlantel eus skourr ar yezhoù am morzh eo ar fouleg (fulfulde pe pulaar).

Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gambia, Chad, Sierra Leone, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Sudan, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo

10-16 million

The Fula language is a language of West Africa, spoken by the Fula people from Senegal to Cameroon and Sudan. It belongs to the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo language family.

There are many names for the Fula people and their language. The Hausa call them the Fulani, while the Wolof use Peul and the Mandinka people Fula. The Fula call themselves Fulbe (plural), Pullo (singular). Speakers of western dialects call their language Pulaar or Poular, while eastern dialects use Fulfulde.

## [kemmañ] Dialects

While there are numerous dialects of Fula, it is typically regarded as a single language. Wilson (1989) states that "travellers over wide distances never find communication impossible." Ethnologue, however, treats several of the varieties as separate languages:

- East Central
  - Fulfulde, Western Niger (Niger)
  - Fulfulde, Central-Eastern Niger (Niger)
  - Fulfulde, Nigerian (Nigeria)
- Eastern
  - Fulfulde, Adamawa (Cameroon)
  - Fulfulde, Bagirmi (Chad)
- West Central
  - Fulfulde, Maasina (Mali)
  - Fulfulde, Borgu (Benin)
  - Pular (=Fuuta Jalon) (Guinea)
- Western
  - Pulaar (Senegal)

## [kemmañ] Alphabet

When written using the Latin alphabet Fula uses the following special "hooked" characters: Ɓ/ɓ, Ɗ/ɗ, Ŋ/ŋ, Ɲ/ɲ, Ƴ/ƴ (i.e. B, D, Ng, N, Y). The apostrophe (’) is used as a glottal stop and in Nigerian ’y substitutes ƴ.

## [kemmañ] Gwelet ivez

- Yezhoù atlantel
- Yezhoù nijerek-kongoek

## [kemmañ] Liammoù diavaez

- Mido Waawi Pular! Learner's guide to Pular (Fuuta Jallon) by Herb Caudill and Ousmane Diallo
- Ethnologue entry for Fula
- Fulfulde Language Family Report (SIL) - includes maps of the dialects
- FULA (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Fulani, Peul) Language Page from MSU's Webbook of Afrian Language Resources
- Pular Language Ebooks, freely downloadable PDFs

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