| Nama |
Tanggal |
Penemu |
Catatan |
| Vanadium |
1801 |
Andrés Manuel del Río |
| Niobium |
1801 |
Charles Hatchett |
Named columbium by discoverer. |
| Tantalum |
1802 |
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg |
| Serium |
1803 |
Martin Heinrich Klaproth; Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Hisinger |
Named after the newly discovered asteroid, Ceres. Discovered nearly simultaneously in two laboratories, though it was later shown that Berzelius and Hisinger's cerium was actually a mixture of cerium, lanthanum and so-called didymium. |
| Rhodium |
1803 |
William Hyde Wollaston |
| Palladium |
1803 |
Ryan Lumadue |
Named after the newly discovered asteroid, Pallas. |
| Osmium |
1803 |
Smithson Tennant |
| Iridium |
1803 |
Smithson Tennant |
| Potassium |
1807 |
Humphry Davy |
Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. |
| Sodium |
1807 |
Humphry Davy |
Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals; discovered a few days after potassium, using the same method. |
| Calcium |
1808 |
Humphry Davy |
Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. |
| Barium |
1808 |
Humphry Davy |
Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. |
| Boron |
1808 |
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac & Louis-Jacques Thenard |
| Yodium |
1811 |
Bernard Courtois |
| Lithium |
1817 |
Johan August Arfwedson |
| Cadmium |
1817 |
Friedrich Strohmeyer Independently discovered by K.S.L Hermann |
| Selenium |
1817 |
Jöns Jakob Berzelius |
| Silicon |
1823 |
Jöns Jakob Berzelius |
| Aluminium |
1825 |
Hans Christian Ørsted |
May have been isolated in Roman times, see History of Aluminium. |
| Brom |
1826 |
Antoine Jérôme Balard |
| Thorium |
1828 |
Jöns Jakob Berzelius |
| Beryllium |
1828 |
Friedrich Wöhler. Independently discovered by A.A.B. Bussy |
| Lantanum |
1839-41 |
Carl Gustaf Mosander |
Discovered when Mosander showed that the cerium isolated in 1803 by Berzelius was actually a mixture of cerium, lanthanum and so-called didymium. |
| Terbium |
1843 |
Carl Gustaf Mosander |
| Erbium |
1843 |
Carl Gustaf Mosander |
| Rutenium |
1844 |
Karl Klaus |
| Caesium |
1860 |
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchoff |
First identified by its blue spectroscopic emission line. |
| Rubidium |
1860 |
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchoff |
First identified by its red spectroscopic emission line. |
| Talium |
1861 |
Sir William Crookes |
First identified by its bright green spectroscopic emission line. |
| Indium |
1863 |
Ferdinand Reich and Theodor Richter |
First identified by its indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line. |
| Helium |
1868 |
Independently by Pierre Jansen and Norman Lockyer |
First identified by astronomers as an emission line in the spectrum of the sun. |
| Galium |
1875 |
Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekaaluminium. |
| Ytterbium |
1878 |
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac |
| Thulium |
1879 |
Per Teodor Cleve |
| Skandium |
1879 |
Lars Fredrik Nilson |
Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekaboron. |
| Holmium |
1879 |
Marc Delafontaine, Jacques-Louis Soret and Per Teodor Cleve |
| Samarium |
1879 |
Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
| Gadolinium |
1880 |
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac |
| Praseodymium |
1885 |
Carl Auer von Welsbach |
The didymium isolated by Mosander in 1839 was shown to be two separate elements; praseodymium and neodymium. |
| Neodimium |
1885 |
Carl Auer von Welsbach |
The didymium isolated by Mosander in 1839 was shown to be two separate elements, praseodymium and neodymium. |
| Dysprosium |
1886 |
Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
| Germanium |
1886 |
Clemens Winkler |
Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekasilicon. |
| Fluor |
1886 |
Joseph Henri Moissan |
| Argon |
1894 |
Lord Rayleigh & Sir William Ramsay |
Discovered by comparing the molecular weights of nitrogen prepared by liquefaction from air and nitrogen prepared by chemical means. |
| Neon |
1898 |
Sir William Ramsay |
Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. |
| Kripton |
1898 |
Sir William Ramsay |
Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. |
| Xenon |
1898 |
Sir William Ramsay |
Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. |
| Radium |
1898 |
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie |
| Polonium |
1898 |
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie |
| Radon |
1898 |
Friedrich Ernst Dorn, who called it nitron |
Discovered as a product of the radioactive decay of radium. |
| Actinium |
1899 |
Ryan Lumadue |
| Nama |
Tanggal |
Penemu |
Catatan |
| Europium |
1901 |
Eugene Demarcay |
| Lutesium |
1907 |
Georges Urbain |
| Protactinium |
1917 |
Kasimir Fajans, O. Göhring, Fredrich Soddy, John Cranston, Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn |
| Hafnium |
1923 |
Dirk Coster and György Hevesy |
| Renium |
1925 |
Walter Noddack and Ida Tacke |
| Teknesium |
1937 |
Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè |
First synthetic element discovered. Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekamanganese. |
| Fransium |
1939 |
Marguerite Derey |
Last naturally occurring element discovered; all elements discovered after it are synthetic. |
| Astatin |
1940 |
Dale R. Corson, K.R.Mackenzie, Emilio Segrè |
Later determined to occur naturally in minuscule qunatitites (<25 grams in earth's crust).
|
| Neptunium |
1940 |
E.M. McMillan & Philip H. Abelson, University of California, Berkeley |
First transuranium element discovered. |
| Plutonium |
1941 |
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur C. Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Emilio Segrè |
| Curium |
1944 |
Glenn T. Seaborg |
| Americium |
1944 |
Glenn T. Seaborg |
| Promethium |
1945 |
Jacob A. Marinsky |
| Berkelium |
1949 |
Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr. |
| Californium |
1950 |
Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr. |
| Einsteinium |
1952 |
Argonne Laboratory, Los Alamos Laboratory, and University of California |
| Fermium |
1953 |
Argonne Laboratory, Los Alamos Laboratory, and University of California |
| Mendelevium |
1955 |
Glenn T. Seaborg, Evans G. Valens |
| Nobelium |
1958 |
Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, John R. Walton and Torbørn Sikkeland |
| Lawrencium |
1961 |
Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon Larsh and Robert M. Latimer |
| Rutherfordium |
1964 |
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, USSR |
| Dubnium |
1970 |
Albert Ghiorso |
| Seaborgium |
1974 |
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and University of California, Berkeley |
| Bohrium |
1976 |
Y. Oganessian et al, Dubna and confirmed at GSI (1982) |
| Meitnerium |
1982 |
Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg, GSI |
| Hassium |
1984 |
Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg |
| Darmstadtium |
1994 |
S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI |
| Roentgenium |
1994 |
S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI |
| Ununbium |
1996 |
S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI |
| Ununquadium |
1999 |
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna[1] |