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	        <h1 class="firstHeading">Sywurm</h1>
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	    <h3 id="siteSub">vanuit Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie.</h3>
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<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;">
<div style="float: right; font-size: 70%; padding: 0 .5em 0 2em;"></div>
Sywurm
<div class="hiddenStructure"><small>{{{status}}}</small></div>
<div class="hiddenStructure">Tydperk: {{{fossil_range}}}</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center;">
<td><a href="../../../s/y/w/Beeld%7ESywurm.png_4930.html" class="image" title="Prometheus silkworm"><img alt="Prometheus silkworm" longdesc="../../../s/y/w/Beeld%7ESywurm.png_4930.html" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/af/5/5d/Sywurm.png" width="240" height="357" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align:center"><small>Prometheus silkworm</small></div>
</td>
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<tr>
<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;"><a href="../../../w/e/t/Wetenskaplike_klassifikasie.html" title="Wetenskaplike klassifikasie">Wetenskaplike klassifikasie</a></th>
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<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;">[[{{{diversity_link}}}|Verskeidenheid]]</th>
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<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;"><a href="../../../b/i/n/Binomiale_naam.html" title="Binomiale naam">Binomiale naam</a></th>
</tr>
<tr class="hiddenStructure''Bombyx mori''">
<th style="text-align: center;"><i>Bombyx mori</i><br />
<small>Linnaeus, 1758</small></th>
</tr>
<tr class="hiddenStructure">
<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;"><a href="../../../t/r/i/Trinomiale_naam.html" title="Trinomiale naam">Trinomiale naam</a></th>
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<tr class="hiddenStructure">
<th style="text-align: center;">{{{trinomial}}}<br /></th>
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<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;">Tipe Spesies</th>
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<th style="text-align: center;">{{{type_species}}}<br /></th>
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<td style="text-align: center;">[[Image:{{{range_map}}}|{{{range_map_width}}}|]]<br /></td>
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<th style="background-color: pink; text-align: center;">Sinonieme</th>
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<p><br />
Die <b>sywurm</b> (<i>Bombyx mori,</i> wat in <a href="../../../l/a/t/Latyn.html" title="Latyn">Latyn</a> beteken: "sywurm van die moerbeiboom") is die larwe van 'n mot. Die insekte word só genoem omdat hulle met hul speekselkliere 'n kokon van sy spin. Die <a href="../../../s/p/e/Spesie.html" title="Spesie">spesie</a> is van groot globale ekonomiese belang, siende dat die syproduksie geheel en al hiervan afhanklik is. (In Suid-Afrika word daar met sywurms geboer veral op laerskoolvlak, en alhoewel die ekonomiese skaal daarvan in vergelyking met die wêreldsy-industrie mikroskopies is, is die geesdrif en erns sekerlik vergelykbaar!) Sywurms eet net moerbeiblare. Oorspronklik het dit slegs voorgekom in die noordelike gedeeltes van <a href="../../../s/j/i/Sjina.html" title="Sjina">Sjina</a> en <a href="../../../p/e/r/Persi%C3%AB.html" title="Persië">Persië</a> (die huidige <a href="../../../i/r/a/Iran.html" title="Iran">Iran</a>).</p>
<p><a name="Biologiese_en_ander_feite" id="Biologiese_en_ander_feite"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../s/y/w/Sywurm.html" title="Wysig afdeling: Biologiese en ander feite">wysig</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Biologiese en ander feite</span></h2>
<p>Sywurms vreet ongelooflik baie, en vreet dag en nag. (Dit is 'n eienskap wat al die larwes van die Orde Lepidoptera in gemeen het). Hulle groei daarom baie vinnig. Vervelling is naby wanneer die koppies van die larwes donkerder verkleur. Sywurms vervel gemiddeld vier keer. Daarna verander hulle in papies. Hulle lyfies word <a href="../../../g/e/e/Geel.html" title="Geel">gelerig</a>, en hulle velletjies span stywer. Net voordat hulle in papies verander, spin hulle hulself toe in 'n kokon, of papiehuisie. Tydens hulle rustyd in die kokon, verander hulle in motte.</p>
<p>Die kokon bestaan uit 'n enkele sydraad, wat tussen 300 tot 900 <a href="../../../m/e/t/Meter.html" title="Meter">meter</a> lank is. Die vesels waaruit dit bestaan, blink en is baie fyn. Die deursnit van die draadjie is maar slegs 1/100ste van 'n millimeter. Tussen 4,400 en 6,600 kokonne word benodig om 'n kilogram sy te verkry. Na berekening word ten minste 32,000 metrieke ton onverwerkte sy per jaar geproduseer. Om dit reg te kry, word vier en 'n half miljoen ton se moerbeiblare verorber.</p>
<p>Teen die tyd wat die gedaanteverwisseling van 'n papie na 'n mot toe plaasgevind het, moet die mot sy pad na buitentoe deur die kokon vreet. Die gaatjie breek die sydraad, en dit maak dan die kokon nutteloos vir die sy-industrie. Daarom word die sywurmpapies binne hul kokonne in kookwater gegooi. Dit vergemaklik die proses van uitrafeling van die onverwerkte sy. (In Korea is die gekookte papies 'n lekkerny).</p>
<p>Die mot (of volwasse fase) is al vir duisende jare lank geteel vir syproduksie. Dit kan nie vlieg nie. Dit het 'n vlerkspan van ongeveer vyf sentimeter en 'n <a href="../../../w/i/t/Wit.html" title="Wit">wit</a>, harige lyfie. Siende dat die teelgeskiedenis so oud is, en in die lig van die insek se ekonomiese belang, word die sywurmgenoom die onderwerp van intensiewe navorsing, vroeg in die <a href="../../../2/1/s/21ste_eeu.html" title="21ste eeu">21ste eeu</a>.</p>
<p>Die mier is een van die sywurm se gedugste vyande. Miere vreet sywurms op.</p>
<p>Sywurms kan besmet word met aansteeklike siektes, soos dié veroorsaak deur protosoöne, swamme, <a href="../../../v/i/r/Virus.html" title="Virus">virusse</a> en <a href="../../../b/a/k/Bakterie.html" title="Bakterie">bakterieë</a>. <a href="../../../l/o/u/Louis_Pasteur_5462.html" title="Louis Pasteur">Louis Pasteur</a>, die <a href="../../../f/r/a/Frans.html" title="Frans">Franse</a> mikrobioloog het op sy dag verskeie sywurmsiektes bestudeer.</p>
<p><a name="Geskiedenis" id="Geskiedenis"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../s/y/w/Sywurm.html" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis">wysig</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Geskiedenis</span></h2>
<p>'n Sjinese legende vertel dat 'n <a href="../../../k/e/i/Keiser.html" title="Keiser">keiserin</a>, genaamd Xi Ling-Shi, lank, lank gelede 'n sywurm raakgesien het. Toe sy aan die wurm raak, het 'n sydraadjie aan haar vinger vasgesit. Sy het rondom haar vinger begin draai, en toe raakgesien dat dit vanaf 'n kokon kom. Hoe ook al die ontdekking van sy regtig plaasgevind het, het die Sjinese die geheim van hulle sybedryf lank dig bewaar. 'n Ander legende lui dat 'n Sjinese prinses sywurmeiertjies in haar hare versteek het, en dit só uitgesmokkel het na <a href="../../../j/a/p/Japan.html" title="Japan">Japan</a>, en daarmee die Japanase vervoering met sy begin het.</p>
<p><a name="Bron" id="Bron"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="../../../s/y/w/Sywurm.html" title="Wysig afdeling: Bron">wysig</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Bron</span></h2>
<ul>
<li><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silkworm&amp;oldid=49716435" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silkworm&amp;oldid=49716435" rel="nofollow">Silk worm</a></i> vanuit die Engelse Wikipedia.</li>
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<div style="margin-left: 60px;">Multimedia oor hierdie onderwerp is te vinde op <a href="../../../w/i/k/Wikimedia_Commons_7b57.html" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> onder die titel:
<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bombyx" class="extiw" title="commons:Bombyx">Bombyx</a></b></i></div>
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