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A list of edible seeds here includes seeds that are directly foodstuffs, rather than yielding derived products.

A variety of species can provide edible seeds. Of the six major plant parts, seeds are the most important source of human food. The other five major plant parts are roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Most edible seeds are angiosperms, but a few are gymnosperms. The most important seed food source is cereals, followed by legumes, and nuts.

The list is divided into the following categories:

  • Beans (or Legumes) are protein-rich soft seeds.
  • Cereals (or grains) are grass-like crops that are harvested for their dry seeds. These seeds are often ground to make flour. Cereals provide almost half of all calories consumed in the world.(1) Botanically, true cereals are members of the Poaceae or Grass family.
    • Pseudocereals are cereal crops that are not members of the Poaceae or Grass Family.
  • Nuts are botanically a specific type of fruit but the term is also applied to many edible seeds that are not botanically nuts.
    • Gymnosperms produce nut-like seeds but not flowers or fruits.
  • Spices are used to flavor food rather than provide nutrients.

فهرست

[تحرير] Beans

See also: Category:Beans

Beans, also known as legumes or pulses include:(2)

Lentils have been part of the human diet since the Neolithic
Lentils have been part of the human diet since the Neolithic
  • Bambara groundnut
  • Broad beans
  • Chickpeas
  • Cowpeas
  • Dry beans, including
    • Common bean
    • several species of Vigna
  • Hyacinth bean
  • Lablab
  • Lentils
  • Lupins
  • Peas
  • Peanuts
  • Pigeon peas
  • Soybeans
  • Tonka beans
  • Velvet beans
  • Vetch
  • Winged beans
  • Yam beans

[تحرير] Cereals

انظر أيضا: Category:Cereals
Maize (sometimes called "corn") is the single biggest source of food calories in the world.
Maize (sometimes called "corn") is the single biggest source of food calories in the world.

True cereals are the seeds of certain species of grass. Three - maize, wheat and rice - account for about half of the calories consumed by people every year.(1) Grains can be ground to make flour, used as the basis of bread, cake, noodles or other food products. They can also be boiled or steamed, either whole or ground, and eaten as is. Many cereals are present or past staple foods, provided a large fraction of the calories in the places that they are eaten. Cereals include:

  • Barley
  • Fonio
  • Kamut
  • Maize
  • Millet
  • Oats
  • Palmer's grass
  • Rice
  • Rye
  • Sorghum
  • Spelt
  • Teff
  • Triticale
  • Wheat
  • Wild rice

[تحرير] Pseudocereals

Quinoa is not a grass, but its seeds have been eaten for 6000 years.
Quinoa is not a grass, but its seeds have been eaten for 6000 years.
  • Breadnut
  • Buckwheat
  • Cattail
  • Chia
  • Cockscomb
  • Grain amaranth
  • Kañiwa
  • Quinoa
  • Wattleseed (also called acacia seed)

[تحرير] Nuts

See also: List of edible nuts

Brazil nuts come from a South American tree
Brazil nuts come from a South American tree

According to the botanical definition, nuts are a particular kind of seed.(3) Walnuts and acorns are example of nuts, under this definition. In culinary terms, however, the term is used more broadly to include fruits that are not botanically qualified as nuts, but that have a similar appearance and culinary role. Examples of culinary nuts include almonds, peanuts and cashews.(4)(5)

  • Almond
  • Beech
  • Butternut
  • Brazilnut
  • Candlenut
  • Cashew
  • Chestnuts, including:
    • Chinese Chestnut
    • Malabar chestnut
    • Sweet Chestnut
  • Colocynth
  • Cucurbita ficifolia
  • Filbert
  • Hickory, including
    • Pecan
    • Shagbark Hickory
  • Kola nut
  • Macadamia
  • Mamoncillo
  • Maya nut
  • Oak acorns
  • Ogbono nut
  • Paradise nut
  • Pili nut
  • Pistachio
  • Walnut

[تحرير] Nut-like gymnosperm seeds

Pine nuts are a Gymnosperm seed that is edible
Pine nuts are a Gymnosperm seed that is edible
  • Cycads
  • Ginkgo
  • Gnetum gnemon
  • Juniper
  • Monkey-puzzle
  • Pine nuts, including
    • Chilgoza Pine
    • Korean Pine
    • Stone Pine
    • Colorado Pinyon
    • Mexican Pinyon
    • Single-leaf Pinyon
  • Podocarps

[تحرير] Spices

See also: List of herbs and spices

Coriander fruit (including its seeds) is a well-known spice.
Coriander fruit (including its seeds) is a well-known spice.

Seeds that are used to flavor other foods include:(6)

  • Ajowan seed
  • Anise seed
  • Cardamom seed
  • Caraway seed
  • Celery seed
  • Cubeb seed
  • Cumin seed
  • Coriander seed
  • Dill seed
  • Fennel seed
  • Fenugreek seed
  • Juniper seed
  • Mace
  • Mustard seed
  • Nigella seed
  • Nutmeg
  • Pomegranate seed
  • Poppy seed
  • Sesame seed
  • Vanilla

[تحرير] Miscellaneous

  • Cempedak
  • Durian
  • Fluted pumpkin
  • Jackfruit
  • Malabar gourd

[تحرير] References

  1. ^ أ ب FAO. ProdSTAT. FAOSTAT. وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  2. ^ Pulses and derived products. Definition and Classification of Commodities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: (1994). وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  3. ^ Nut. Biology Online Dictionary. (October 3 2005). وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  4. ^ Nut. The Columbia Online Encyclopedia. (2003). وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  5. ^ Nuts and derived products. Definition and Classification of Commodities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: (1996). وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  6. ^ Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages. وُصِل لهذا المسار في 2006-12-26.
  • Bailey, L.H., Bailey, E.Z. and Bailey Hortorium Staff (1976). Hortus Third. New York: Macmillan.
  • Lewington, A. (1990). Plants for People. Cambridge, MA: Oxford University Press.


[تحرير] انظر أيضا

  • List of vegetable oils
  • List of seed-based snacks
  • Eastern Agricultural Complex
  • Nut (fruit)
  • Pulse
  • Seed
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